Part 33

Poniatowski's campaign against Austria, glorious as it was for the Poles, was in reality the forerunner of disaster. During the campaign the Polish troops were supported by a Russian division. To Poniatowski, the Russians, the despoilers of his country, were more hateful than the enemy, and he so distrusted them that, at the risk of having to fight them, he refused to allow them to occupy any of the captured fortresses; this suspicion was increased by the capture of a secret despatch from the Russian commander to the Austrian Archduke, congratulating him on the victory of Razyn, and expressing a wish that his standards might soon be joined to the Austrian eagles. The Prince at once sent the intercepted despatch to Napoleon, who summed up the situation with the words, "I see that after all I must make war on Alexander." So when the Grand Army assembled for the invasion of Russia, Prince Poniatowski with his Poles rejoiced at the call to arms, and brought thirty-six thousand well disciplined and well equipped troops to the rendezvous, while sixty-five thousand were left to garrison the fortresses: the years of peace had been spent by him in busy labour as Minister of War, providing for the necessities of the army, establishing engineering and artillery colleges, equipping hospitals and perfecting organisation and discipline. Smolensk, Moskowa, and many a skirmish proved that the labour of organisation had not sapped Prince Joseph's dash and courage, and the horrors of the retreat brought out to the full his chivalrous bravery and determination. Though wounded during the retreat, he was ready the following year to help the French in Central Europe. On the morning of the first day of the battle of Leipzig, Napoleon, to fire the Poles, sent their Prince his baton as Marshal. While esteeming the honour, Prince Joseph showed no undue elation, for, much as he admired the French, and grateful as he felt, he was at heart a Pole, and, as he said to a comrade, "I am proud to be the leader of the Poles. When one has a unique title superior to that of Marshal, the title of Generalissimo of the Poles, nothing else matters. Besides, I am going to die, and I prefer to die as a Polish general and not as a Marshal of France." But the Marshal did not allow his gloomy forebodings to interfere with his duty, and so fiercely did he face the enemy that after three days' fighting his corps had dwindled from seven thousand to a bare two thousand men. On the morning of the fatal 19th of October the Emperor sent for him and entrusted him with the defence of the southern suburb of Leipzig. "Sire," said the Prince, "I have but few followers left." "What then?" rejoined the Emperor; "you will defend it with what you have." "Ah, Sire," replied the Prince Marshal, "we are all ready to die for your Majesty." Thus spoke the Pole, but many a Frenchman thought otherwise and hurried from the stricken field. With their hated enemies, the Austrians, Russians and Prussians surrounding them, the small band of devoted Poles fought to the last. When the bridge was blown up and ordered retreat was impossible, the Prince, drawing his sword, called out to those around him, "Gentlemen, we must die with honour." Severely wounded, with a handful of followers, he fought his way through a column of the enemy and reached the bank of the Elster. Faint from loss of blood, he urged his horse into the stream, and by great exertions reached the other side; but the beast, worn out by the long days of battle, was unable to clamber up the steep, slippery bank, and the Prince Marshal was so faint that he could no longer guide his steed; so horse and rider dropped back into the stream and were seen no more alive. Two days later his body was recovered, and buried with all the honours due to his rank, in the presence of the allied sovereigns, his former enemies. Thus passed away Prince Joseph Poniatowski, whose chivalrous courage had won for him the title of the Polish Bayard, whose life had been spent for the welfare of his country, whose high military reputation was sullied by no inglorious act, and who at the last chose death rather than surrender.

INDEX

A

Abbaye, 324

Abensberg, 61, 136, 173

Abercromby, 272, 273

Aboukir, 122, 144

Achille Murat, 30

Acre, 27

Adda, 42, 351

Adige, 189

Africa, 121

Agar, Count of Mosburg, 34, 38

Albano, 236

Albion, 251

Albuera, 107, 116

Alessandria, 307

Alexander, Czar, xviii, xix, 86, 87, 88, 89, 132, 154, 166, 167, 171, 193, 194, 214, 331, 339, 356

Alexandria, 121, 204, 205

Ali Pacha, 208

Alle, 131

Almarez, 212

Almeida, 64, 66, 67, 150, 151

Alkmaar, 273

Alps, 8, 57, 123, 201, 219, 228, 247, 288, 349

Alsace, 193, 317, 318, 330

Altenkirchen, 74

Alvarez, 240

Alvintzi, 203

Ambert, 334

America, xv, xvii, 3, 159, 251, 252, 300

Amiens, 24, 31

Amsterdam, 273

Andalusia, 104, 105, 109, 115, 133

Andreossy, 122

Angoumois, 268

Antibes, 50

Annoux, 162

Apolda, 80, 81

Appenines, 235

Arabs, 26

Arcis-sur-Aube, 193, 214, 330

Arcola, 53, 60, 120, 124, 203, 219, 262

Argenton, 102

Argonne, 318

Army of the Alps, 4, 201, 220, 305, 311, 320 of Arragon, 222, 223 of the Centre, 318 of the Cote de Brest, 247 of Dalmatia, 209 of England, 75, 270 of the Eastern Pyrenees, 118, 297, 344 of Germany, 187 Grand, 13, 14, 17, 18, 32, 41, 61, 83, 98, 109, 126, 146, 147, 152, 165, 173, 177, 191, 207, 265, 266, 275, 281, 282, 289, 300, 309, 310, 321, 356 of the Grisons, 187 of Hanover, 80 of Holland, 300

Army of Italy, 4, 6, 25, 26, 29, 51, 57, 58, 70, 74, 75, 78, 119, 120, 164, 185, 186, 190, 191, 202, 203, 209, 221, 236, 238, 263, 272, 274, 298, 320, 336, 347, 351 of La Vendee, 306 of the Loire, 180, 181 of the Midi, 305 of the Moselle, 163 of Naples, 39, 85, 186, 238 of Normandy, 2 of the North, 253, 254, 270, 307 of the Ocean, 10, 126, 165, 207, 309 of Portugal, 108, 149, 211 of the Pyrenees, 261, 286 of the Reserve, 8, 28, 123, 247, 249, 274, 299, 321 of the Rhine, 55, 143, 172, 232, 233, 237, 247, 263, 278, 323 of Rome, 234 of the Sambre and Meuse, 74, 75, 143, 253, 278, 323 of Spain, 248, 300 of Switzerland, 55 of the West, 306 of the Western Pyrenees, 246

Arpajon, 268

Arragon, 133, 223, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230

Arras, 337

Artois, Count of, 91, 196

Asola, 351

Aspern, 16, 61, 137, 173, 190, 290, 294, 339

Auch, 129

Auersperg, 127

Auerstaedt, 81, 167, 168, 177

Auerstaedt, Duchess of, 169, 172, 177

Augsburg, 15

Augereau (Life, 259-267), xii, xiii, 26, 35, 79, 93, 121, 125, 126, 129, 202, 240

Auguie, 144, 155

Aulic Council, 56

Aurillac, 159

Austerlitz, xviii, 38, 47, 80, 97, 166, 222, 289

Auxerre, 162

Avignon, 276

B

Badajoz, 106, 107, 108, 211

Baden, Prince of, 327, 328

Bagration, 41

Balanquer, Col of, 226, 229

Baltic, 35

Bantry Bay, 307

Bar, 317

Barcelona, 239, 290

Bard, 206

Bareges, 37

Bar-le-Duc, 333, 337

Barossa, 302

Barras, 25, 77, 270

Barthelemy, 263

Bassano, 120

Bastille, 3

Bavarians, 80, 193, 329

Bautzen, 19, 42, 153, 213, 283, 340

Bavastros, 50

Bayard, 295, 337, 339, 358

Baylen, xviii, 248

Bayonne, 14, 37, 68, 109, 116, 247

Bearn, 87

Beaumont, 31

Belchite, 225, 226, 229

Belgium, 12, 165, 196, 252, 254, 292

Bellegarde, 95, 247

Bennigsen, 131, 179

Bentinck, 42

Bercheny, 322

Beresford, 107, 108

Beresina, 41, 152, 302, 340

Berg 33, 36, 38, 48

Bergen, 273

Berlin, xviii, 169, 173, 191

Bernadotte (Life, 72-92), x, xi, 98, 99, 153, 167, 220, 232, 265, 291, 300, 340

Berne, 270

Berri, Duc de, 197, 341

Berthier (Life, 1-22), xii, xiii, 54, 63, 70, 82, 98, 111, 116, 122, 123, 147, 150, 177, 202, 292, 318, 326

Berthollet, 204

Bertrand, 127, 312

Besancon, 155, 245

Besenval, 3

Bessieres (Life, 286-295), xii, 18, 67, 83, 99, 100, 125, 207, 311, 352

Bessonis, 159

Bethune, 196

Beurnonville, 184

Biberach, 234, 237

Bitche, 334

Black Forest, 11, 31, 32, 126, 254

Black Prince, 246

Blake, 223, 240, 289, 290, 301, 329

Bluecher, 34, 81, 84, 98, 130, 167, 168, 180, 192, 312

Bohemia, 14

Bologna, 121, 187

Bonaventura Casa, 246

Bordeaux, 109, 270

Bormida, 235

Bouchotte, 252, 306

Boulogne, 96, 97, 221, 248, 275

Bourbons, xiv, 36, 37, 39, 40, 44, 45, 68, 72, 77, 88, 90, 110, 113, 154, 157, 178, 215, 250, 267, 275, 283, 303, 304, 311, 315, 323, 330, 341, 342, 353

Bourges, 195, 197

Bourmont, 156

Bouvet, 307

Bremen, 280

Brest, 265

Brienne, 2, 302

Brittany, 78

Brives-la-Gaillard, 268, 277

Bruges, 165

Brumaire, 8, 27, 57, 77, 255, 288, 298, 325, 326, 352

Brune, Madame, 268, 277

Brunswick, Duke of, 118, 167, 318, 319

Brussels, 313

Bruyere, 175

Buelow, 165

Burgos, 100, 212, 290

Burgundy, 162

Busaco, 64, 150

C

Cadiz, 105, 108, 109, 282, 302

Caesar, xi, 74, 89, 91, 161

Cahors, 23, 286

Cairo (Egypt), 26, 122

Cairo (Italy), 52

Calabria, 60

Caldiero, 60

Calvados, 270

Calvin, 234

Cambrai, 278

Campan, 164

Camp de milles fourches, 51

Cannes, 45

Capri, 40

Capua, 60

Carinthia, 238, 310

Carnot, 221, 252, 253, 263, 320

Caroline Bonaparte, 28, 29, 30, 33, 39, 43, 123, 124

Caroline, Bourbon Queen of Naples, 60, 238

Cassel, 281

Castanos, 133

Castel Franco, 238

Castiglione, 53, 202, 219, 261, 262, 266, 287, 350

Castile, 289, 295

Castilians, 225

Catalonia, 191, 225, 226, 229, 239, 240

Catherine II., Czarina, 354, 355

Cattaro, 207

Caulaincourt, 99, 151, 154, 194

Cavaignac, 40

Cayenne, 49

Cerea, 298

Cerrachi, 78, 288

Chalons, 156, 200, 201

Champaubert, 214, 330

Championnet, 185, 186

Chancellor, 195

Charlemagne, xi, xvii, 146, 246, 326

Charleroi, 157, 253

Charles, Archduke, xvii, 55, 56, 57, 82, 173, 174, 254, 255, 324, 356

Charles IV. of Spain, 36, 37

Charles X. of France, 215, 216, 217, 258, 315

Charles XIII. of Sweden, 84, 85

Charles XIV. of Sweden, _cf_. Bernadotte

Charlotte of Wuertemburg, 289

Charles Stewart, 183

Chatillon, 19, 200

Chebrass, 122

Cherasco, 25

Cherbourg, 216

Chiasso, 307

Chouans, 306, 307

Cisalpine Republic, 6, 30, 351

Ciudad Rodrigo, 64, 66, 108, 150, 151, 212, 213

Civita Castellana, 186

Clanclaux, 306

Clanranald, 183

Clarke, Duke of Feltre, 14, 68, 83, 110

Clary, 76

Clary, Madame Suchet, 222, 227, 230

Cleves, 33

Clicheans, 143, 263

Clichy Gate, 249

Coa, 150

Coburg, 253

Code Napoleon, 39

Coffin, 42

Col de Tarvis, 351

Col de Tende, 51, 349

Col de Pierre Etroite, 349

Coland, 143

College of France, 268

College of Isle Barbe, 219

Combault, 331

Committee of Public Safety, 24, 252, 253

Commissioners, 3, 184, 185

Commune, 113

Concordat, 30, 124, 264, 288

Confederation of the Rhine, 33

Congress of Vienna, 89, 90, 156

Consalvi, 30

Constantinople, 79, 260, 274

Consuls of Rome, 234, 235

Convention, 232, 236

Copenhagen, 188

Corfu, 6

Corne, Paul Louis, 238

Corps Legislatif, 195

Corunna, 104

Corsica, 46, 72

Corso, 135

Cortes, 105

Coudreaux, 155

Council of Five Hundred, 254, 255

Courcelles, 198

Craonne, 303, 311

Crawford, 150

Cromwell, xi, 176

Cross of St. Louis, 3, 275, 283, 311, 317, 330

Cuesta, 104, 289, 290

Custine, 2, 232

D

d'Abbeville, 319

Daendals, 272

Dallemagne, 120

Dalmatia, 208, 210, 216

Dalmatia, Duchess of, 109

d'Angouleme, Duc, 68, 311

Danton, 269, 270, 277

Dantzig, 40, 131, 192, 302, 327, 328, 338

Dantzig, Duchess of, 302, 329, 330, 331

Danube, xvii, 10, 31, 32, 33, 60, 61, 74, 76, 82, 95, 98, 126, 127, 128, 136, 137, 222, 236, 280, 281, 308, 324, 355

D'Artagnan, 23

Dauphine, 72

Davout (Life, 162-182), xii, xiii, 15, 16, 17, 18, 81, 96, 98, 99, 111, 119, 128, 130, 133, 145, 195, 210, 284, 285, 310, 312, 314, 339, 341, 355, 356

Dego, 25, 120, 298

D'Engen, 237

d'Enghien, 78, 288, 311

Denmark, 14, 82, 84, 90, 300

Dennewitz, 87, 153

d'Erlon, 66, 157, 159

Desaix, xiii, 122, 163, 164, 233, 278, 300, 314

Desire Clary, 76, 78, 85

Desmoulins, Camille, 269, 276

d'Hautpoul, 33

Diet (Polish), 354

Dijon, 28, 274

Directory, xvii, 7, 48, 55, 57, 75, 76, 77, 220, 234, 235, 255, 263, 264, 270, 272, 279, 306, 320, 324, 325, 331

Donauwoerth, 15

Don Francisco, 37

Doria, 234

Dorsenne, 212

Douro, 108

Dresden, 42, 214, 242, 261, 283, 340

Drome, 297

Dugommier, 119, 297, 345

Duhesme, 239

Dumas, Alexandre, 270

Dumas, General, 152

Dumerbion, 51

Dumouriez, xvi, 142, 163, 184, 252, 317, 318, 319, 320

Dunaberg, 191

Dundonald, 239

Dunkirk, 252, 270

Dupont, 198, 274, 280, 281

Duroc, 26, 134, 337, 338

Duerrenstein, 280, 281

Duesseldorf, 34

Dutaillis, 12

Dutch, 80, 183, 184, 185, 207, 272

Dwina, 191, 241

E

Ebersdorf, 190

Ebling, 293

Ebro, 134, 246, 248, 290

Eckmuehl, 60, 136, 169, 173

Egypt, xvii, 7, 8, 26, 27, 54, 75, 77, 122, 163, 186, 204, 205, 208, 247, 255, 264, 271, 287, 298, 324, 325

Elba, 20, 45, 89, 180, 194, 195, 228, 267, 303, 331, 341, 348

Elbe, 280, 321

El Bodin, 212, 217

Elchingen, 32

Elizabeth of Bavaria, 13, 20

Elster, 19, 193, 199, 357

Empress of Austria, 171, 209

Encyclopedists, 305

Enzerdorf, 174

Ercola, 345

Erfurt, 100, 132, 147, 342

Espinosa, 301, 329

Essling, 16, 61, 64, 70, 137, 173, 190, 290, 294, 339

Eugene, Prince, 19, 42, 43, 44, 47, 90, 188, 189, 198, 287, 310, 312

Exmouth, Lord, 276

Eylau, xviii, 14, 35, 47, 81, 95, 131, 147, 170, 222, 265, 309

F

Faenza, 237

Faubourg St. Marceau, 259

Feldkirche, 324

Ferdinand, Archduke, 32, 126

Ferdinand VII., King of Spain, 36, 37

Fieschi, 284

Figueras, 191, 346

Finkenstein, 327

Five Days' Fighting, 291, 294, 329, 339

Fleurus, 73, 74, 94, 253, 323

Florence, 30

Flushing, 83

Fontainebleau, 16, 20, 70, 154, 193

Fort Louis, 94

Fouche, 36, 38,43, 79, 85, 197, 272, 291

Foy, 290, 315

Frederic the Great, xviii, 168, 169, 332, 342

Frejus, 77, 110, 155

Friedland, xviii, 61, 99, 131, 132, 148, 282, 309, 311, 312, 338, 339, 342

Fructidor General, 263

Fuentes d'Onoro, 67, 211, 293

Fulton, 207

G

Gaeta, 60

Galicia, 104, 289

Gamoral, 100

Garde Constitutionelle, 24, 286

Garde du Corps, 305

Gardes Francaises, 259, 322

Garonne, 93, 344

Gascony, 72

Gauthier, 269

Gazan, 134, 280, 281

Gembloux, 312, 313

Gendarmerie, 245, 247

Generalissimo, 357

Geneva, 228

Genoa, 25, 58, 70, 95, 121, 181, 221, 235, 236, 335, 336

Gerard, 179

Germany, xviii, 13, 17, 31, 42, 87 145, 177, 192, 280, 321

Gerona, 240, 266

Gers, 118, 119

Ghent, 215

Gibraltar, 108

Girard, 282, 303, 312, 313

Gironde, 117, 118

Girondists, 270

Goerz, 189

Gouvion, 231, 232

Governolo, 120

Gradisca, 351

Graham, 302

Granada, 104

Graetz, 308

Gratz, 189, 308

Grenade, 344

Grenoble, 72

Greussen, 98

Grignon, 292

Groete Keten, 272

Grosbeeren, 87, 153, 340

Grosbois, 14, 16, 79

Grouchy (Life, 305-315), xiv, 111, 131, 157

Guadaloupe, 79, 89

Guard, Consular, 28, 96, 97, 123, 124, 125, 288

Guard, Imperial, 12, 17, 41, 67, 109, 129, 153, 154, 158, 178, 190, 280, 287, 289, 290, 291, 293, 294, 295, 311

Guard, National, 3, 30, 68, 249, 323, 333, 334, 341, 342, 352

Guard, Royal, 215, 303, 341

Guard, Young, 282, 283, 285, 290, 292, 294

Guides, 287

Gueheneuc, 124

Gumbinnen, 152

Gustavus IV., 84, 89, 275

H

Hamburg, 84, 178, 179, 181, 280, 281

Hanau, 193, 199, 283

Handschoetten, 252, 270

Hannibal, 89, 161

Hanover, 11, 80, 81, 82, 279, 280, 349

Hanseatic Towns, 82

Hassanhausen, 167, 168

Haut Rhin, 93

Havre, 261

Hebert, 4, 333

Heilsberg, 35, 99, 170

Henry IV., 87, 92, 197

Herborn, 95

Hesdin, 162

Hesse-Cassel, 90

Hoche, 76, 234, 307, 324

Hohenlinden, 28, 188, 206, 309

Hohenlohe, 129, 130

Hollabruenn, 33, 337

Holland, 11, 185, 249, 255, 272, 273, 274, 300, 306, 309

Holy Roman Empire, xvii, 123

Hortense, Queen of Holland, 34, 164

Houchard, 252, 270

Hundred Days, 65, 215, 242, 258, 314, 321, 331, 348

Hungarians, 175, 291

Hyeres, 243

I

India, xvii

Infernal Column, 337

Inn, 31

Invalides, 250, 258, 285, 352, 353

Ireland, 265

Iron Crown, 352

Ismailia, 260

Italian Republic, 30

Ivrea, 28

J

Jacobin, 4, 48, 73, 75, 79, 253, 255, 263, 264, 333

Janina, 208

Jauer, 192

Jeand Heurs, 339, 341

Jemappes, 184, 252

Jena, 13, 34, 47, 80, 81, 98, 130, 147, 149, 167, 222, 265, 300, 328

Jerome Bonaparte, 289

Johannisberg, 321

John, Archduke, 174, 175, 188, 191, 209

Jomini, 145, 146, 154, 161

Joseph Bonaparte, 15, 38, 60, 61, 63, 76, 78, 79, 81, 84, 104, 105, 106, 108, 114, 149, 213, 222, 227, 239, 248, 256, 257, 258, 290, 301, 302, 310

Josephine, Empress, 25, 36, 48, 76, 288, 292

Joubert, 55, 220, 308

Jourdan (Life, 251-258), xii, xiii, xvii, 63, 79, 94, 104, 234, 279, 301, 302, 323

July Monarchy, 198

Junot, 63, 64, 65, 134, 136, 201, 205, 337

Junta of Oviedo, 248

K

Kaiserslautern, 93

Kalioub, 26

Kalish, 132

Kalkreuth, 98, 168, 327, 328

Katzbach, 192, 198

Kehl, 126

Keith, Lord, 59

Kellermann (Life, 316-321), xii, xiii, 4, 51, 99, 201, 305, 326, 330, 331

Kellermann (younger), 29, 157

Kilmaine, 25

King of Rome, 214

Kleber, xiii, 73, 142, 143, 278, 279

Koenigsberg, 99, 131, 171, 309

Korsakoff, 56, 57

Kosciuszko, 355

Koesen, 167

Kovno, 152, 153

Krasnoi, 152

Kremlin, 282

Krems, 32

Kuelm, 283

L

La Bastide Fortuniere, 23

La Harpe, 26

La Houssaye, 264, 267

La Marche, 296

La Vendee, 4, 253, 261, 274, 306, 326

Lafayette, 90, 252

Lamarre, 50

Lamballe, 277

Landgrafenberg, 129

Landrieux, 24

Landshut, 136

Lannes (Life, 117-140), xii, xiii, 26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 47, 62, 96, 98, 99, 147, 149, 166, 175, 205, 210, 222, 248, 264, 265, 280, 288, 299, 300, 309, 312, 328, 337

Laon, 214, 217

Lapezriere, 288

Larrey, 133

Lartigues, 51

Lasalle, 35

Laudon, 247

Lauter, 318

Laybach, 189

Le Bouton, 346

Leclerc, xiii, 27

Leclerc, Aimee, 164

Lecourbe, xiii, 156

Lectourne, 117, 118, 128, 136, 139

Lefebvre (Life, 322-332), xii, 94, 264, 275

Leghorn, 60, 61

Legion of Honour, 146, 191, 198, 207, 221, 228, 247, 284, 309, 342, 352

Legislative Assembly, 344

Leipzig, xiv, xix, 19, 22, 42, 88, 138, 154, 192, 198, 199, 214, 266, 283, 302, 340, 347

Lenormand, 83

Leoben, 6, 53, 75, 121, 262, 270

Lerida, 226, 229

Levant, 260

Liege, 313

Ligny, 312

Lille, 156, 196

Limoges, 251

Linares, 106

Linz, 280

Lisbon, 65, 66, 101, 104, 105, 106, 108, 115, 125, 126, 261

Lithuania, 41

Little Gibraltar, 297

Liverpool, Lord, 67

Loano, 51, 70, 119, 219, 261

Lobau, 62, 138, 174, 290

Lodi, 6, 53, 120, 201, 261, 262

Loison, 151

Lombardy, 45, 120, 308

Lonato, 53, 287

London, 113

Lons la Saulnier, 155, 160

Lorencz, 337

Lorraine, 193

Louis XIV., 237

Louis XVIII., 20, 110, 160, 179, 180, 195, 196, 199, 243, 250, 258, 276, 341, 348

Louis Napoleon, 38

Louis Philippe, 113, 114, 116, 258, 284

Louisiana, 7, 79, 300

Louvre, 188

Lowe, Sir Hudson, 40

Luebeck, 35, 81, 84, 98, 128, 309

Lucien Bonaparte, 79

Luckner, 3, 318

Lugo, 103, 149

Luetzen, 19, 42, 153, 213, 283, 293

Lyons, 113, 156, 196, 219, 228, 266, 311

M

Macachaim, 183

Macard, xiv

Macdonald, Flora, 183

Macdonald, Marshal (Life, 183-199), xiii, xiv, 20, 21, 83, 154, 174, 181, 209, 243, 247, 266, 274, 298

Macdonald, Neil, 183

Machiavelli, 243

Mack, 11, 126, 128, 186

Madame Sans Gene, 322

Madrid, 9, 36, 37, 100, 104, 108, 133, 134, 212, 227, 237, 248, 290, 301

Maestricht, 312

Magdeburg, 98, 147

Magnano, 55, 186

Maillebois, 184

Maine, 213

Maintz, 201

Malaga, 104

Malmaison, 180

Malta, 122

Mamelukes, 26, 204

Manhes, 39

Mannheim, 143, 163, 335

Mantua, 25, 120, 189, 203, 262, 272, 287, 298, 299, 350, 351

Marat, 24

Marceau, xiii, 94

Marengo, xvii, 9, 29, 59, 77, 96, 123, 124, 205, 221, 247, 274, 288, 299, 300, 314

Maret, 99

Maria, 225, 229

Marie Louise, 16, 175

Marlborough, 227

Marmont (Life, 200-218), xiii, xiv, 26, 67, 68, 78, 108, 122, 123, 189, 194, 229, 274, 278, 288, 309, 310

Marne, 302

Marseillaise, 276

Marseilles, 76, 219, 276

Massena (Life, 49-71), xii, xiii, 15, 16, 79, 95, 96, 106, 107, 110, 115, 137, 142, 144, 149, 150, 151, 174, 190, 210, 220, 221, 234, 238, 239, 255, 256, 270, 273, 274, 279, 292, 293, 298, 299, 335, 336

Massena, Prosper, 69

Maubeuge, 252

Meaux, 269

Mecklenberg-Anhalt, 90

Medici, 30

Medine del Rio Seco, 289

Medoc, 233

Melzi, 30

Menou, 122

Mequinenza, 262, 229

Meric, 119

Mesler, 138

Messina, 40

Metternich, 42, 45, 209

Metz, 141, 146, 318, 341

Meuse, 334

Midi, 275

Milan, 10

Millesimo, 261

Mincio, 25, 206, 221, 274

Mirabeau, 268

Molans, Ure de, 24

Monaco, 299

Moncey (Life, 245-250), 133, 134

Mondego, 150

Mondovi, 25, 298, 350, 351

Monge, 204

Moniteur, 42, 43, 164

Mont St. Jean, 313

Montebello, 25, 28, 123, 138, 299

Monte Cretto, 95

Montenegro, 208

Montenotte, 53

Montesquieu, 305

Montfaucon, 24

Montmartre, 214

Montmirail, 283, 330

Monzembano, 336

Moore, Sir John, 100, 134

Moreau, xiii, xiv, xvii, 28, 76, 138, 144, 186, 187, 199, 206, 220, 234, 235, 236, 237, 247, 298, 308

Morlantier, 334

Mortier (Life, 278-285), xii, xiii, xiv, 80, 136, 328, 329

Moscow, 18, 40, 41, 151, 241, 282, 295, 310, 329

Moses, 89

Moskowa, 41, 156, 177, 294, 312, 356

Mosskirch, 237

Moulins, 201

Mount Albis, 56, 57

Mount Faron, 297

Munich, 31, 259

Murat (Life, 22-48), xii, xiii, 10, 18, 19, 89, 93, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 130, 131, 139, 166, 177, 178, 233, 274, 287, 288, 289, 290, 293, 294, 309, 310, 311, 348

Murillo, 105

N

Naarden, 185

Namur, 312, 313, 314

Nansouty, 33, 190

Napier, 107, 150

Naples, 37, 38, 39, 42, 43, 60, 69, 72, 185, 186, 188, 237, 238, 239, 318

Naples, King of, 29

Napoleon II., 314

Nassau-Siegen, 245

Naumberg, 80, 167

Neckerau, 335

Neerwinden, 142, 163, 184, 269

Neuchatel, 12, 338, 342

Neumarkt, 220

Neusiedel, 174, 340

Neuweid, 324

Ney (Life, 141-161), xii, xiii, 32, 63, 64, 65, 68, 96, 98, 99, 103, 104, 117, 120, 129, 166, 194, 196, 215, 250, 283, 284, 309, 311, 340

Nice, 50, 68

Nicole Pierre, 268

Niemen, 41, 47, 152, 153

Nile, 26

Normandy, 270, 305

Norway, 86, 88, 89, 90

Notre Dame, 264, 326, 352

Novara, 307

Novi, 220, 235, 308, 347

Nowawies, 310

Nugent, 214

Nuremburg, 31

O

Ocana, 116

Oder, 130

O'Hara, 219

Ogilvie, 183

O'Meara, 228

Omet, 117

Oporto, 101, 102, 103, 112, 114, 116

Orcha, 152

Orangerie, 27

Order of St. Louis, 341, 348

Orient, 122

Orleanist, 113, 114

Orleans, 125, 283, 284

Orleans, Duke of, 156

Orthes, 109

Oscar, 85, 90

Ostrach, 324

Ostralenka, 61, 338

Ott, 336

Oudinot (Life, 333-343), xiv, 131, 153, 210, 240, 241

P

Padua, 55

Pajol, 312, 337

Palafox, 133, 135, 136

Palestine, 27

Papal States, 29, 121, 298

Pampeluna, 36, 228

Pantheon, 175

Parma, 348

Passau, 31

Pau, 72

Paulet, 183

Pauline Bonaparte, 164, 203

Pavia, 206

Penn, William, 114

Perignon, de (Life, 344-348), xii, xiii, 326

Perpignan, 119, 240, 264, 344

Perregaux, 203

Peschiera, 298

Piacenza, 29, 186, 348

Picardy, 184, 334

Pichegru, xiii, 76, 185, 201

Piedmont, 255, 277, 308

Piedmontese, 228

Pirna, 242

Pizzo, 46

Plailly, 28

Po, 29, 43, 44, 187

Poitou, 268

Poland, 35, 36, 61, 81, 98, 130, 170, 182, 289, 317, 318, 321, 354, 355

Polignac, 215

Polotsk, 241, 330

Pomerania, 82, 86, 89

Poniatowski (Life, 354-358), xiv, 172, 193

Pope, 7, 45, 54, 234, 288

Porte, 274

Portugal, King of, 36

Posen, 310

Potsdam, 327, 352

Praetorians, 294

Pratzen, 128

Prayssac, 286

Pressburg, 12, 14, 175

Prince of Orange, 272

Prince of Peace, 36

Prince Regent of Portugal, 126

Prinzlow, 130, 309

Provence, 72, 276, 344

Provera, 298

Provisional Government, 314

Prussia, King of, 34, 87, 168, 176, 214