Chapter I

. FORMER ABUNDANCE OF WILD LIFE II. EXTINCT SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS III. THE NEXT CANDIDATES FOR OBLIVION IV. EXTINCT AND NEARLY EXTINCT SPECIES OF MAMMALS V. THE EXTERMINATION OF SPECIES, STATE BY STATE VI. THE REGULAR ARMY OF DESTRUCTION VII. THE GUERRILLAS OF DESTRUCTION VIII. THE UNSEEN FOES OF WILD LIFE IX. DESTRUCTION OF WILD LIFE BY DISEASES X. DESTRUCTION OF WILD LIFE BY THE ELEMENTS XI. SLAUGHTER OF SONG-BIRDS BY ITALIANS XII. DESTRUCTION OF SONG-BIRDS BY SOUTHERN NEGROES AND POOR WHITES XIII. EXTERMINATION OF BIRDS FOR WOMEN'S HATS XIV. THE BIRD TRAGEDY ON LAYSAN ISLAND XV. UNFAIR FIREARMS AND SHOOTING ETHICS XVI. THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF NORTH AMERICAN BIG GAME--I XVII. THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF NORTH AMERICAN BIG GAME--II XVIII. THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF AFRICAN GAME XIX. THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF GAME IN ASIA XX. DESTRUCTION OF BIRDS IN THE FAR EAST. BY C. WILLIAM BEEBE XXI. THE SAVAGE VIEWPOINT OF THE GUNNER

## PART II.--PRESERVATION

XXII. OUR ANNUAL LOSSES BY INSECTS XXIII. THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF BIRDS XXIV. GAME AND AGRICULTURE: DEER AS A FOOD SUPPLY XXV. LAW AND SENTIMENT AS FACTORS IN PRESERVATION XXVI. THE ARMY OF THE DEFENSE XXVII. HOW TO MAKE A NEW GAME LAW XXVIII. NEW LAWS NEEDED: A ROLL-CALL OF THE STATES--I XXIX. NEW LAWS NEEDED: A ROLL-CALL OF THE STATES--II XXX. NEW LAWS NEEDED: A ROLL-CALL OF THE STATES--III XXXI. NEW LAWS NEEDED: A ROLL-CALL OF THE STATES--IV XXXII. NEED FOR A FEDERAL MIGRATORY BIRD LAW, NO-SALE-OF-GAME LAW, AND OTHERS XXXIII. BRINGING BACK THE VANISHED BIRDS AND GAME XXXIV. INTRODUCED SPECIES THAT HAVE BEEN BENEFICIAL XXXV. INTRODUCED SPECIES THAT HAVE BECOME PESTS XXXVI. NATIONAL AND STATE GAME PRESERVES AND BIRD REFUGES XXXVII. GAME PRESERVES AND GAME LAWS IN CANADA XXXVIII. PRIVATE GAME PRESERVES XXXIX. BRITISH GAME PRESERVES IN AFRICA XXL. BREEDING GAME AND FUR IN CAPTIVITY XLI. TEACHING WILD-LIFE PROTECTION TO THE YOUNG XLII. ETHICS OF SPORTSMANSHIP XLIII. THE DUTY OF AMERICAN ZOOLOGISTS TO AMERICAN WILD LIFE XLIV. THE GREATEST NEED OF THE CAUSE; AND THE DUTY OF THE HOUR

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ILLUSTRATIONS

The Folly of 1857 and the Lesson of 1912 _Frontispiece_ Shall We Leave Any One of Them Open? Six Recently Exterminated North American Birds Sacred to the Memory of Exterminated Birds Whooping Cranes in the Zoological Park California Condor Primated Grouse, or "Prairie Chicken" Sage Grouse Snowy Egrets in the McIlhenny Preserve Wood-Duck Gray Squirrel Skeleton of a Rhytina Burchell's Zebra Thylacine, or Tasmanian Wolf West Indian Seal California Elephant Seal The Regular Army of Destruction G.O. Shields Two Gunners of Kansas City Why the Sandhill Crane is Becoming Extinct A Market Gunner at Work on Marsh Island Ruffed Grouse A Lawful Bag of Ruffed Grouse Snow Bunting A Hunting Cat and Its Victim Eastern Red Squirrel Cooper's Hawk Sharp-Shinned Hawk The Cat that Killed Fifty-eight Birds in One Year An Italian Roccolo on Lake Como Dead Song-Birds The Robin of the North The Mocking-Bird of the South Northern Robins Ready for Southern Slaughter Southern-Negro Method of Combing Out the Wild Life Beautiful and Curious Birds Destroyed for the Feather Trade--I Sixteen Hundred Hummingbirds at Two Cents Each Beautiful and Curious Birds Destroyed for the Feather Trade--II Beautiful and Curious Birds--III Fight in England Against the Use of Plumage Young Egrets, Unable to Fly, Starving Snowy Egret Dead on Her Nest Miscellaneous Bird Skins, Eight Cents Each Laysan Albatrosses, Before the Great Slaughter Laysan Albatross Rookery, After the Great Slaughter Acres of Gull and Albatross Bones Shed Filled with Wings of Slaughtered Birds Four of the Seven Machine Guns The Champion Game-Slaughter Case Slaughtered According to Law A Letter that Tells its Own Story The "Sunday Gun" The Prong-Horned Antelope Hungry Elk in Jackson Hole The Wichita National Bison Herd Pheasant Snares Pheasant Skins Seized at Rangoon Deadfall Traps in Burma One Morning's Catch of Trout near Spokane The Cut-Worm The Gypsy Moth Downy Woodpecker Baltimore Oriole Nighthawk Purple Martin Bob-White Rose-Breasted Grosbeak Barn Owl Golden-Winged Woodpecker Kildeer Plover Jacksnipe A Food Supply of White-Tailed Deer White-Tailed Deer Notable Protectors of Wild Life: Madison Grant, Henry Fairfield Osborn, John F. Lacey, and William Dutcher Notable Protectors: Forbush, Pearson, Burnham, Napier Notable Protectors: Phillips, Kalbfus, McIlhenny, Ward Band-Tailed Pigeon Six Wild Chipmunks Dine with Mr. Loring Chickadee, Tamed Chipmunk, Tamed Object Lesson in Bringing Back the Ducks Gulls and Terns of Our Coast Egrets and Herons in Sanctuary on Marsh Island Bird Day at Carrick, Pa Distributing Bird Boxes and Fruit Trees

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MAPS

The Wilderness of North America Former and Existing Ranges of the Elk Map Showing the Disappearance of the Lion States and Provinces Requiring Resident Licenses. Eighteen States Prohibit the Sale of Game Map Used in Campaign for Bayne Law United States National Game Preserves Bird Reservations on the Gulf Coast and Florida Marsh Island and Adjacent Preserves Most Important Game Preserves of Africa

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OUR VANISHING WILD LIFE

## PART I. EXTERMINATION

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