M.
Mafura tallow, 35
Magnesia, Hydrolysis by, 22
Maize oil, 28
Margaric acid, 10
Margosa oil, 35
Marine animal oils, 30
---- soap, 49
Maripa fat, 34
Marjoram oil, 103
Medicated soaps, 86-90
Medullic acid, 10
Melissic acid, 10
Melting point, 130
Mercury soaps, 87
Milled toilet soaps, 78
Milling soap, 80, 81
---- soap-base, 54, 78
Mineral oil, saponifying, 58, 59
Mirbane oil or nitrobenzene, 109
Mixed glycerides, 8
Monoglycerides, 7
Monostearin, 7
Moringic acid, 11
Mottled soaps, 52, 53
---- ---- Pickling, 54
Moulds, Soap, 72, 85, 86
Mowrah-seed oil, 31
Musk (artificial), 109
Myristic acid, 8
Myristin, 8
N.
Naphthol soap, 89
Neroli Bigarade oil, 103
---- oil (artificial), 109
Neutralising free caustic in soap, 66, 80
Niam fat, 34
Nigre, 56
Nigres, Utilisation of, 56
Niobe oil or ethyl benzoate, 110
Nitrobenzene, 109
O.
Oeillet, 10
Oil, Andiroba, 32
---- Arachis, 28
---- Aspic (lavender spike), 96
---- Baobab-seed, 36
---- Bay, 97
---- Bergamot, 97
---- Bitter almond, 97
---- Bleaching palm, 41
---- Bois de Rose Femelle, 99
---- Cananga, 98
---- Candle-nut, 33
---- Carapa, 32
---- Caraway, 98
---- Cassia, 98
---- Castor, 30
---- Cayenne linaloe, 99
---- Cedarwood, 98
---- Cinnamon, 98
---- Citronella, 99
---- Clove, 99
---- Cocoa-nut, 25, 26
---- Cohune-nut, 34, 35
---- Concrete orris, 100
---- Coprah, 25, 26
---- Cotton-seed, 27, 42
---- Curcas, 33
---- Eucalyptus, 100
---- Fennel, 100
---- Geranium, 101
---- Ginger-grass, 101
---- Guaiac-wood, 101
---- Hemp-seed, 29
---- Inoy-kernel, 37
---- Kananga, 98
---- Kapok, 32
---- Lemon, 102
---- Lemon-grass, 102
---- Lime, 102
---- Linaloe, 102
---- Linseed, 29
---- Maize, 28
---- Margosa, 35
---- Marjoram, 103
---- Mowrah-seed, 31
---- Neroli Bigarade, 103
---- Olive, 26
---- Olive-kernel, 27
---- Orange, 163
---- Palm, 27, 41
---- Palm-nut, 26
---- Palmarosa, 103
---- Patchouli, 103
---- Peppermint, 103, 104
---- Persimmon-seed, 36
---- Peru-balsam, 104
---- Petit-grain, 104
---- Pongam, 35
---- Refining cotton-seed, 42
---- Rose, 105
---- Rosemary, 105
---- Safflower, 33, 34
---- Sandalwood, 105, 106
---- Saponifying mineral, 58, 59
---- Sassafras, 106
---- Sesame, 28, 29
---- Star-anise, 96
---- Sunflower, 29
---- Thyme, 106
---- Verbena, 106
---- Vetivert, 106-107
---- Wheat, 36
---- Wild mango, 36
---- Wintergreen, 107
---- Ylang-ylang, 107
Oils and fats, Constitution of, 6, 7
---- ---- Examination of, 117-123
---- ---- Hydrolysis of, 13-22
---- Fish and marine animal, 30
---- Lavender, 101
---- Refractive Index of, 122
---- treatment of vegetable, 43
Oleic acid, 11
---- ---- into solid acids, Conversion of, 11, 12
Olein, 8, 9, 31
---- Cocoa-nut, 31
---- Palm-nut, 31
Oleodidaturin, 8
Oleodipalmitin, 8
Oleodistearin, 8
Oleopaimitostearin, 8
Olive-kernel oil, 27
Olive oil, 26
Open-piling soap, 71
Optical rotation, 127
Orange oil, 103
Orchidee, 107
Orris oil, concrete, 100
P.
Palm oil, 27, 41
---- ---- Bleaching, 41
Palmarosa oil, 103
Palmitic acid, 10
Palmitin, 8
Palmitodistearin, 8
Palm-nut oil, 26
Pasting or saponification, 49
Patchouli oil, 103
Patent textile soaps, 94
Pearl-ash, Analysis of, 125, 126
Peppermint oil, 103, 104
Perfumer's soaps, 77, 78
Perfumes, Artificial and synthetic, 107-110
---- Soap, 95-110
Perfuming soaps, 94
Persimmon seed oil, 36
Peru-balsam oil, 104
Petit-grain oil, 104
Phenols, Determination of, 129
Physetoleic acid, 11
Phytosterol in unsaponifiable matter, 120
Pickling mottled soap, 54
Pisangcerylic acid, 10
Polishing soaps, 94
Pongam oil, 35
Potash, Carbonate, 39, 125, 126
---- Caustic, 89, 123
Potassium chloride, 126
---- Determination of, 126, 132
Powders, Soap, 94
Psyllostearylic acid, 10
R.
Rancidity, 18, 24
Rapic acid, 11
Refining cotton-seed oil, 42
Refractive index of oils and fats, 122
Remelted soaps, 77, 78
Resinate of soda, 43, 44
Ricinoleic acid, 13
Ricinolein, 8
Rose oil, 105
---- ---- (artificial), 110
Rosemary oil, 105
Rosin, 37, 38, 43, 44, 55
---- Bleaching, 43
---- Determination of, 133, 134
---- treatment, 43, 44
S.
Safflower oil, 33, 34
Safrol, 110
Salt, 39, 126
---- Determination of, 124, 125, 126, 132
Sandalwood oil, 105, 106
Santalol, 110
Saponification, 13-22, 49
---- accelerated by heat and electricity, 14, 15
---- accelerated by use of chemical reagents, 19, 23
---- accelerated with Twitchell's reagent, 20
---- Acid, 19, 21
---- Aqueous, 14
---- by ferment process, 20
---- equivalent, 118
---- Glycerine, 116
---- Lime, 22
---- under pressure, 47
---- value, 118, 128
Saponifying mineral oil, 58, 59
Sassafras oil, 106
Saturated acids, 11
Scouring soaps, 92, 93
Sesame oil, 28, 29
Settled soap, Treatment of, 60-76
Shaving soaps, 91
Shea butter, 31
Silicate of soda in soap, 65
Silicates of soda and potash, 127, 138
Silk scouring soaps, 93
---- dyer's soap, 93, 94
Slabbing soap, 68
Soap, Albumen in, 90
---- Analysis of, 130-35
---- Bar, 54, 55
---- Barring, 68
---- -base, Milling, 54, 78
---- Biniodide, 87
---- Birch-tar, 88
---- Borax, 88
---- Boric acid in, 88
---- ---- ---- ---- Determination, 135
---- Carbolic, 88
---- Classification of, 45
---- Cleansing, 60, 61
---- Coal-tar, 88
---- Cold process, 46, 47
---- Compressing, 83, 85
---- Cooling, 74-76
---- Crutching, 63
---- Curd, 52
---- Curd mottled, 53
---- Definition of, 1, 2
---- Detergent action of, 4, 5
---- Determination of carbolic acid in, 134
---- ---- of fatty acids in, 131
---- ---- of free alkali in, 132
---- ---- of free fat in, 133
---- ---- of glycerine in, 134, 135
---- ---- of total alkali in, 131
---- ---- of water in, 133
---- Drying, 71, 78-80
---- Electrical production of, 59
---- Ether, 90
---- Examination of fatty acids 133, 134
---- Filling, 65
---- Fluorides in, 90
---- formaldehyde, 88
---- frame, 66
---- framing, 66
---- from fatty acids, 45, 46
---- Glycerine, 89
---- Hydrated, 48, 49
---- Hydrolysis of, 3
---- Ichthyol, 89
---- Iodine, 89
---- Lysol, 89
---- Marine, 49
---- Milling, 80, 81
---- Monopole, 94
---- Mottled, 52, 53
---- moulds, 72, 85, 86
---- Naphthol, 89
---- Neutralising, colouring and perfuming, 66, 80, 82
---- Open and close piling, 71
---- perfumes, 95-110
---- Pickling mottled, 54
---- powders, 94
---- Properties of, 2
---- Salicylic acid, 88
---- Settling of, 55
---- Slabbing, 68
---- Soft, 41
---- Stamping, 71, 72, 85, 86
---- Sulphur, 89
---- Terebene, 90
---- Thymol, 90
---- Transparent, 57, 58
---- Treatment of settled, 60-76
---- Yellow household, 54, 55
Soap-making, 45-59
---- ---- Blue and grey mottled, 53
---- ---- "Boiling-on-strength," 51
---- ---- Cold process, 46, 47
---- ---- Combination of fatty acids with alkali, 45, 46
---- ---- Curd, 52
---- ---- Curd, Mottled, 53
---- ---- "Fitting," 51
---- ---- "Graining-out" or separation, 50
---- ---- Hydrated, 49
---- ---- "Pasting" or saponification, 49
---- ---- Soft, 48
---- ---- Transparent, 57, 58
---- ---- under pressure, 47
Soaps, Calico-printer's, 93
---- Disinfectant, 66
---- Floating, 90, 91
---- Liquoring of, 64, 65
---- Medicated, 86-90
---- Milled toilet, 78
---- Miscellaneous, 94
---- Perfumer's, 77, 78
---- Polishing, 94
---- Remelted, 77, 78
---- Scouring, 92
---- Shaving, 91
---- Silicating, 65
---- Silk dyer's, 93, 94
---- Textile, 91-94
---- Toilet, 77, 78
---- Woollen dyer's, 92
Soap-stock, 40
Soda ash, 39, 124, 125
---- ---- Caustic, 39, 125
---- Carbonate, 39, 124, 125
---- Caustic, 39, 123
---- Resinate, 43, 44
Soft soap-making, 48
Solidifying-point, 130
Specific gravity, Determination of, 117, 127
Stamping soap, 71, 72, 85, 86
Starch, Detection of, 121, 135
Steapsin, 18
Stearic acid, 10
Stearin, 8, 9
Stearine, Cotton-seed, 28
Stearodipalmitin, 8
Sulphides and sulphites, Determination of, 125
Sulphur soap, 89
Sunflower oil, 29
Superfatting material, 83
Synthetic perfumes, 107-110
T.
Table of caustic potash solutions, 151
---- of caustic soda solutions, 149, 150
---- of comparative densities, 147
---- of thermometric equivalents, 148
Tablet soap, 55
Talc, 65
Tallow, 24
---- Borneo, 32
---- Chinese vegetable, 31
---- Mafura, 35
Tangkallah fat, 37
Tariric acid, 12
Telfairic acid, 12
Terebene, 110
---- soap, 90
Terpineol, 110
Textile soaps, 91-94
---- ---- Patent, 94
Theobromic acid, 10
Thyme oil, 106
Thymol soap, 90
Tiglic acid, 11
Titre test, 122, 123
Toilet soaps, 77, 78
---- ---- Compressing, 83, 85
---- ---- Milled, 78
---- ---- Milling, 80, 81
---- ---- Stamping, 85, 86
Transparent soaps, 57, 58
Treatment of animal fats, 43
---- ---- bone fat, 43
---- ---- lyes, 111, 112
---- ---- rosin, 43
---- ---- settled soap, 60-76
---- ---- Vegetable oils, 43
Trefle, 107
Triglycerides, 7, 8
Trilaurin, 9
Triolein, 9
Tripalmitin, 9
Tristearin, 7, 9
Twitchell's process, 22
U.
Unsaponifiable matter, Constitution of, 119, 120
---- ---- Determination of, 119
Unsaturated acids, 11
Utilisation of nigres, 56