VI.

POPULATION.

The population of Costa Rica is nearly all white and mostly descendants of Spaniards from Galicia. The Indians are not numerous and are completely distinct from the civilized race. The Negroes and mixed breeds live almost exclusively on the coast-lands.

The Costa Ricans are a well formed, robust and healthy people with regular features. The women are gracious, have splendid eyes and abundance of hair, and appear affable in manner. The men are intelligent, industrious, economical, honest and peaceable, as well as polite, truthful and generous. They respect order and property, love to work, and are proud of their wealth and of the independence of their nation.

Every Costa Rican owns property of some kind. The better class of women follow in their dress the fashions of Europe; the lower classes have gowns of muslin or calico, and wear petticoats, rebozos and very often panama hats. Some adorn themselves with earrings and other jewelry and some wear shoes.

The men dress in European style. The lower class, consisting of hard-working farmers, owners of small coffee plantations and ox-carts and oxen for internal traffic, wear coarse cloth coats, drill or cotton trousers, and straw or felt hats. Most of these people go barefooted.

The houses of the wealthy have all modern conveniences. Those of the poorer classes are nearly comfortless. They are mostly low and built of adobes, with a roof of tiles, and are arranged in regular streets crossing each other at right angles. The public buildings are spacious and ornamental.

Among the principal buildings in San José are the New National Theatre, in which about 1,000,000 pesos were invested; the National Palace; the Palace of Justice; the Executive Mansion; the Episcopal Palace; the National Distillery; the Market; the University; the High School for Young Ladies; the High School for Young Men; the Custom House; the Mint, etc.

The city possesses charitable institutions, such as hospitals, orphan asylums, insane asylums, etc., all under the management of corporations and associations constantly laboring for their improvement. The cemeteries are under the supervision of charitable associations. There are several parks, a Museum, a Public Library and scientific, legal, medical, literary and musical societies, an International Club and a German Club, etc.

The streets are mostly macadamized or paved with stones and lighted by electricity. Nearly every city is well-supplied with water conducted through pipes.

The food of the poor comprises meat, beans, corn, rice, tortillas and plantains.

Saturday is the especial market day of the cities, and from sunrise till noon the market-places are crowded with sellers and buyers. Here can be found all kind of vegetables and fruits, potatoes, corn, beans, coffee, tobacco, sugar, cheese, meat and other food, besides earthenware, hammocks, hats, rebozos, charcoal, etc.

The population of Costa Rica in 1897 was calculated to be 288,769, as follows:

90,940 inhabitants in the Province of San José. 67,972 ” ” ” Alajuela. 45,161 ” ” ” Cartago. 37,603 ” ” ” Heredia. 23,769 ” ” ” Guanacaste. 8,925 ” ” Comarca de Limon. 14,399 ” ” ” Puntarenas.

The last census, that of 1892, gave 243,205 as the entire population of the Republic.

The following table shows the population of the different “cantones” in 1892 and 1897:

Province of San José. -------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. -------------+--------+-------- San José | 39,112 | 46,410 Escazú | 6,522 | 7,735 Desamparados | 6,471 | 7,616 Puriscal | 6,845 | 8,092 Aserri | 6,030 | 7,140 Mora | 5,814 | 6,902 Tamazú | 2,583 | 3,070 Goicoechea | 3,341 | 3,975 -------------+--------+-------- Total | 76,718 | 90,940 -------------+--------+--------

Province of Alajuela. -------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. -------------+--------+-------- Alajuela | 19,300 | 22,967 San Ramon | 9,928 | 11,781 Grecia | 8,797 | 10,472 Atenas | 6,208 | 7,373 San Mateo | 3,353 | 3,986 Naranjo | 6,847 | 8,092 Palmares | 2,770 | 3,296 -------------+--------+-------- Total | 57,203 | 67,967 -------------+--------+--------

Province of Cartago. -------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. -------------+--------+-------- Cartago | 25,898 | 30,821 Paraiso | 7,819 | 9,282 La Union | 4,256 | 5,058 -------------+--------+-------- Total | 37,973 | 45,161 -------------+--------+--------

Province of Heredia. --------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. --------------+--------+-------- Heredia | 16,480 | 19,635 Barba | 2,964 | 3,522 Santo Domingo | 5,118 | 6,069 Santa Barbara | 2,845 | 3,379 San Rafael | 4,204 | 4,998 --------------+--------+-------- Total | 31,611 | 37,603 --------------+--------+--------

Province of Guanacaste. -------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. -------------+--------+-------- Liberia | 5,883 | 7,021 Cañas | 2,165 | 2,570 Bagaces | 1,476 | 1,749 Santa Cruz | 5,948 | 7,021 Nicoya | 4,577 | 5,438 -------------+--------+-------- Total | 20,049 | 23,799 -------------+--------+--------

Comarca de Limon. -------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. -------------+--------+-------- Limon | 7,484 | 8,925 -------------+--------+--------

Comarca de Puntarenas. -------------+--------+-------- Canton. | 1892. | 1897. -------------+--------+-------- Puntarenas | 8,869 | 10,472 Esparta | 3,298 | 3,927 -------------+--------+-------- Total | 12,167 | 14,399 -------------+--------+--------

The following table shows the constant natural increase of the population, beginning with the year of 1868:

1868 131,510 1869 134,416 1870 137,387 71 140,423 72 143,525 73 146,696 74 149,937 75 153,250 76 156,636 77 160,097 1878 163,633 1879 167,248 1880 170,943 1881 174,720 1882 178,581 1883 182,528 1884 188,895 1885 195,483 1886 202,297 1887 209,357 1888 216,650 1889 224,250 1890 232,034 1891 240,126 1892 248,500 1893 257,155 1894 266,122 1895 275,400 1896 285,003 1897 288,799

The population of Costa Rica prior to 1868 was as follows:

1864 120,499 1844 79,982 1835 74,565 1826 61,846 1778 24,536

Costa Rica being a country of immense resources, with great opportunities for success in industrial, agricultural and commercial enterprises, it may be interesting to know its smaller subdivisions, called _barrios_ or districts, as presented in the following table, taken from the latest census, that of 1892:

Province of San José.

_Canton de San José._

--------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males. | Females. |Total. --------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------- Ciudad {Distrito del Carmen | 1,941} | 2,243} | or { ” La Merced | 2,713} 9,265 | 2,544} 10,061 | 19,326 Capital de { ” Catedral | 1,758} | 2,095} | San José. { ” Hospital | 2,853} | 3,179} | | | | Barrio de San Pedro | 1,273 | 1,418 | 2,691 ” de San Juan | 1,061 | 1,236 | 2,297 ” de Curridabat | 957 | 973 | 1,930 ” de Zapote | 485 | 509 | 994 ” de San Isidro | 974 | 997 | 1,971 ” de San Vicente | 797 | 867 | 1,664 ” de Alajuelita | 1,428 | 1,416 | 2,844 ” de San Francisco | 286 | 276 | 562 ” de Uruca | 675 | 737 | 1,412 ” de San Jeronimo | 187 | 169 | 356 ” de Mata Redonda | 456 | 486 | 942 ” de Hortillo | 194 | 180 | 374 ” de San Sebastian | 361 | 434 | 795 ” de Las Pavas | 470 | 484 | 954 --------------------------------+---------------+----------------+------- Total | 18,869 | 20,243 | 39,112 --------------------------------+---------------+----------------+-------

_Canton de Escazú._

-------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de Escasú (Centro) | 440 | 521 | 961 Barrio de San Antonio | 741 | 757 | 1,498 ” de San Rafael | 835 | 870 | 1,705 ” de Santa Ana | 761 | 699 | 1,460 ” de Salitral | 475 | 423 | 898 -------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 3,252 | 3,270 | 6,522 -------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Desamparados._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Desamparados (Centro) | 556 | 651 | 1,207 Barrio de San Juan de Dios | 486 | 512 | 998 ” de San Miguel | 479 | 515 | 994 ” de San Cristobal | 191 | 238 | 429 ” de San Rafael | 384 | 391 | 775 ” de Rosario | 226 | 205 | 431 ” de Patarra | 225 | 209 | 434 ” de Los Frailes | 186 | 215 | 401 ” de San Antonio | 385 | 417 | 802 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 3,118 | 3,353 | 6,471 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Goicoechea._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Guadalupe (Centro) | 667 | 702 | 1,369 Barrio de San Francisco | 161 | 182 | 343 ” de Ipsis y Purral | 260 | 298 | 558 ” de Blancos y San Gabriel | 277 | 303 | 580 ” del Charco y Rancho Redondo | 146 | 117 | 263 ” de Mata de Platano | 103 | 125 | 228 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 1,614 | 1,727 | 3,341 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Puriscal._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa del Puriscal (Centro) | 597 | 604 | 1,201 Barrio de San Rafael | 398 | 373 | 771 ” de San Pablo | 371 | 319 | 690 ” de Barbacoas | 245 | 224 | 469 ” de Desamparaditos | 234 | 257 | 491 ” de San Antonio | 299 | 299 | 598 ” de San Juan | 234 | 211 | 445 ” de Grifo Alto | 216 | 212 | 428 ” de Grifo Bajo | 176 | 183 | 359 ” de Mercedes | 358 | 316 | 674 ” de Candelarita | 366 | 353 | 719 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 3,494 | 3,351 | 6,845 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Aserri._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Aserri (Centro) | 587 | 652 | 1,239 Barrio de Monte Redondo | 265 | 258 | 523 ” de Pirris | 49 | 52 | 101 ” de San Ignacio | 428 | 399 | 827 ” de La Legua | 189 | 132 | 321 ” de Sabanillas | 320 | 270 | 590 ” de Cangrejal | 176 | 170 | 346 ” de Tarbaca | 195 | 171 | 366 ” de Cacao | 198 | 199 | 397 ” de La Ceiba | 97 | 78 | 175 ” de Ococa | 105 | 90 | 195 ” de Poas | 124 | 125 | 249 ” de Guaitil | 251 | 223 | 474 ” de Palmichal | 114 | 113 | 227 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 3,098 | 2,932 | 6,030 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Mora._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de Pacaca (Centro) | 435 | 456 | 891 Barrio de Los Altos y Tienfres | 369 | 332 | 701 ” de Jateo | 166 | 164 | 330 ” de Brasil | 138 | 140 | 278 ” de Guajabo y Jaris | 416 | 452 | 868 ” de Rodeo | 53 | 53 | 106 ” de Morado | 283 | 295 | 578 ” de Tabarcia | 261 | 238 | 499 ” de Picagres | 190 | 198 | 388 ” de Piedra Blanca | 206 | 201 | 407 ” de Piedras Negras | 388 | 380 | 768 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 2,905 | 2,909 | 5,814 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Tarrazú._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de San Marcos (Centro) | 437 | 378 | 815 Barrio de San Pablo | 241 | 230 | 471 ” de San Andrés | 111 | 93 | 204 ” del General | 149 | 135 | 284 ” de Santa Maria | 432 | 377 | 809 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 1,370 | 1,213 | 2,583 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

Province of Alajuela.

_Canton de Alajuela._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Ciudad de Alajuela (Centro) | 1,750 | 2,078 | 3,828 Barrio de San Pedro | 797 | 794 | 1,591 ” de San Rafael | 632 | 733 | 1,365 ” de San José | 741 | 798 | 1,539 ” de Santiago Este | 528 | 538 | 1,066 ” ” ” Oeste | 483 | 507 | 990 ” de Concepcion | 755 | 784 | 1,539 ” de Sabanilla | 734 | 722 | 1,456 ” de San Antonio | 681 | 720 | 1,401 ” de Turrúcares | 420 | 388 | 808 ” de Desamparados | 436 | 455 | 891 ” de Tuetal | 249 | 261 | 510 ” de Garita | 249 | 254 | 503 ” de San Isidro | 330 | 333 | 663 ” de Itiquis | 279 | 290 | 569 ” de Sarapiqui | 106 | 61 | 167 ” de Carrillos | 196 | 218 | 414 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 9,366 | 9,934 | 19,300 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Palmares._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de Palmares (Centro) | 324 | 417 | 741 Barrio de Esquipulas | 280 | 266 | 546 ” de Buenos Aires | 271 | 294 | 565 ” de Zaragoza | 289 | 273 | 562 ” de La Granja | 190 | 166 | 356 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 1,354 | 1,416 | 2,770 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de San Ramon._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de San Ramon (Centro) | 912 | 1,077 | 1,989 Barrio de Santiago Norte | 261 | 249 | 510 ” ” ” Sur | 621 | 615 | 1,236 ” de Concepcion | 281 | 268 | 549 ” de Piedades Norte | 502 | 486 | 988 ” ” ” Sur | 544 | 536 | 1,080 ” de San Juan | 729 | 733 | 1,462 ” de San Isidro | 346 | 361 | 707 ” de San Rafael | 595 | 622 | 1,217 ” de Los Angeles | 112 | 78 | 190 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 4,903 | 5,025 | 9,928 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Grecia._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Grecia (Centro) | 663 | 716 | 1,379 Barrio de San Isidro | 388 | 405 | 793 ” de Sarchi Norte | 523 | 509 | 1,032 ” de Sarchi Sur | 291 | 267 | 558 ” de Sirri | 383 | 372 | 755 ” de Puente Piedra | 293 | 334 | 627 ” de San Jeronimo | 279 | 252 | 531 ” de San Roque | 297 | 299 | 596 ” de San Pedro de la Union | 190 | 191 | 381 ” de San José | 393 | 366 | 759 ” de Tacares | 265 | 239 | 504 ” de Los Angeles | 215 | 198 | 413 ” de San Juan | 196 | 186 | 382 ” de Guatuso | 77 | 10 | 87 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 4,453 | 4,344 | 8,797 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Atenas._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Atenas (Centro) | 388 | 423 | 811 Barrio de Jesus | 581 | 544 | 1,125 ” de Mercedes | 432 | 446 | 878 ” de Santiago | 254 | 268 | 522 ” de Concepcion | 364 | 365 | 729 ” de San Isidro | 255 | 232 | 487 ” de Candelaria | 196 | 209 | 405 ” de San José | 265 | 248 | 513 ” de Los Angeles | 177 | 190 | 367 ” de Santa Eulalia | 188 | 183 | 371 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 3,100 | 3,108 | 6,208 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de San Mateo._

----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. ----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa San Mateo (Centro) | 340 | 361 | 701 Barrio de Santo Domingo | 384 | 357 | 741 ” de Desmonte | 244 | 217 | 461 ” de Ramadas | 198 | 186 | 384 ” de Mastate | 293 | 226 | 519 ” de Jesus Maria | 146 | 125 | 271 ” de Maderal | 141 | 135 | 276 ----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 1,746 | 1,607 | 3,353 ----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Naranjo._

-------------------------------+------+--------+------ Barrios, etc. |Males.|Females.|Total. -------------------------------+------+--------+------ Villa del Naranjo (Centro) | 777 | 830 | 1,607 Barrio de San Juanillo | 444 | 546 | 990 ” de Zarcero | 374 | 334 | 708 ” de San Miguel | 392 | 413 | 805 ” de Candelaria | 281 | 283 | 564 ” de Buena Vista y Tapesco| 291 | 267 | 558 ” de Barranca | 280 | 219 | 499 ” de Concepcion | 259 | 246 | 505 ” de San Carlos | 189 | 112 | 301 ” de Laguna | 161 | 149 | 310 -------------------------------+------+--------+------ Total |3,448 | 3,399 | 6,847 -------------------------------+------+--------+------

Province of Cartago.

_Canton de Cartago._

---------------------------------+------+--------+------- Barrios, etc. |Males.|Females.| Total. ---------------------------------+------+--------+------- Ciudad de Cartago (Centro) | 1,638| 1,853 | 3,491 Barrio de San Nicolas | 1,357| 1,407 | 2,764 ” de Los Angeles | 1,192| 1,338 | 2,530 ” de San Francisco | 1,134| 1,203 | 2,337 ” de Carmen | 988| 1,066 | 2,054 ” de San Rafael | 892| 995 | 1,887 ” de La Concepcion | 891| 920 | 1,811 ” de Guadalupe | 961| 1,075 | 2,036 ” de Pascon y Pacayas | 786| 714 | 1,500 ” de Santa Cruz y Capelladas| 667| 550 | 1,217 ” de Corralillo | 350| 312 | 662 ” de San Juan de Tobosi | 270| 278 | 548 ” de Quebradilla y Bermejo | 201| 194 | 395 ” de Tablón | 170| 171 | 341 Pueblo de Cot | 399| 418 | 817 ” de Tobosi | 395| 360 | 755 Aldea de Cervantes | 397| 356 | 753 ---------------------------------+------+--------+------- Total |12,688| 13,210 | 25,898 ---------------------------------+------+--------+-------

_Canton de Paraiso._

-------------------------------+------+--------+------- Barrios, etc. |Males.|Females.| Total. -------------------------------+------+--------+------- Villa del Paraiso (Centro) | 932| 967 | 1,899 Barrio de Juan Viñas y Turialba| 1,293| 870 | 2,163 ” de La Flor | 366| 331 | 697 Pueblo de Orosi | 590| 596 | 1,186 ” de Tucurrique | 347| 292 | 639 ” de Chirripo | 158| 122 | 280 Aldea de Cachi | 278| 238 | 516 ” de Palomo y Ujarrás | 227| 212 | 439 -------------------------------+------+--------+------- Total | 4,191| 3,628 | 7,819 -------------------------------+------+--------+-------

_Canton de la Union._

-----------------------+-------+----------+-------- Barrios, etc. |Males. | Females. | Total. -----------------------+-------+----------+-------- Villa de la Union | 530 | 547 | 1,077 Barrio de San Diego | 394 | 408 | 802 ” de San Rafael | 333 | 328 | 661 ” de Concepcion | 293 | 259 | 552 ” de Dulce Nombre | 185 | 182 | 367 ” de San Juan | 243 | 238 | 481 ” de San Ramon | 167 | 149 | 316 -----------------------+-------+----------+-------- Total | 2,145 | 2,111 | 4,256 -----------------------+-------+----------+--------

Province of Heredia.

_Canton de Heredia._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Ciudad de Heredia (Centro) | 2,873 | 3,174 | 6,047 Barrio de San Pablo | 891 | 904 | 1,795 ” de San Joaquin | 815 | 826 | 1,641 ” de San Isidro | 970 | 1,003 | 1,973 ” de Mercedes | 547 | 588 | 1,135 ” de San Antonio | 559 | 648 | 1,207 ” de El Barreal | 356 | 347 | 703 ” de Sarapiqui | 307 | 164 | 471 ” de La Rivera | 292 | 330 | 622 ” de San Francisco | 430 | 456 | 886 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 8,040 | 8,440 | 16,480 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Barba._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de Barba (Centro) | 419 | 493 | 912 Barrio de San Pedro | 490 | 496 | 986 ” de San Pablo | 251 | 262 | 513 ” de Santa Lucia | 122 | 130 | 252 ” de San Roque | 161 | 140 | 301 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 1,443 | 1,521 | 2,964 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Santa Barbara._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de Santa Barbara (Centro) | 326 | 362 | 688 Barrio de San Pedro | 290 | 278 | 568 ” de San Juan | 294 | 302 | 596 ” de Santo Domingo | 167 | 136 | 303 ” de Jesus | 315 | 375 | 690 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 1,392 | 1,453 | 2,845 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de Santo Domingo._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de Santo Domingo (Centro) | 948 | 1,032 | 1,980 Barrio de San Miguel | 516 | 477 | 963 ” de Santo Tomas | 393 | 417 | 810 ” de Santa Rosa | 359 | 395 | 754 ” de San Vicente | 177 | 214 | 391 ” de Paraisito | 95 | 95 | 190 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 2,488 | 2,630 | 5,118 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

_Canton de San Rafael._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Villa de San Rafael (Centro) | 808 | 804 | 1,612 Barrio de San José | 481 | 494 | 975 ” de Los Angeles | 277 | 257 | 534 ” de Santiago | 341 | 383 | 724 ” de Concepcion | 172 | 187 | 359 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------- Total | 2,079 | 2,125 | 4,204 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+--------

Province of Guanacaste.

_Canton de Liberia._

-----------------------------------+-------+----------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+----------+------- Ciudad de Liberia (Centro) | 1,095 | 1,131 | 2,226 Barrio de Sardinal | 567 | 540 | 1,107 ” de Filadelfia | 388 | 390 | 778 ” de Cañas Dulces | 463 | 335 | 798 ” de Palmira | 296 | 257 | 553 ” de Buenos Aires | 254 | 167 | 421 -----------------------------------+-------+----------+------- Total | 3,063 | 2,820 | 5,883 -----------------------------------+-------+----------+-------

_Canton de Cañas._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Cañas (Centro) | 179 | 222 | 401 Barrio de Colorado | 434 | 207 | 641 ” de Sandillal | 147 | 134 | 281 ” de Hotel | 124 | 132 | 256 ” de Santa Rosa | 91 | 65 | 156 ” de Buenaventura | 94 | 80 | 174 ” de Bebedero | 102 | 61 | 163 ” de Javia | 46 | 47 | 93 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 1,217 | 948 | 2,165 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Bagaces._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Bagaces (Centro) | 180 | 239 | 419 Barrio de Bebedero | 112 | 77 | 189 ” de Agua Caliente | 52 | 48 | 100 ” de Tamarindo | 85 | 37 | 122 ” de Monte Negro | 51 | 56 | 107 ” de Montaña | 68 | 59 | 127 ” de Pijijé | 68 | 54 | 122 ” de Rio Blanco | 63 | 48 | 111 ” de Salitial | 32 | 25 | 57 ” de Joreo | 26 | 18 | 44 ” de Cofradia | 38 | 40 | 78 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 775 | 701 | 1,476 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Santa Cruz._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Santa Cruz (Centro) | 346 | 386 | 732 Barrio de Belen | 368 | 399 | 767 ” de Veintisiete de Abril | 352 | 382 | 734 ” de Santa Rosa | 296 | 300 | 596 ” de Limon | 220 | 223 | 443 ” de Tempate y Arenal | 297 | 294 | 591 ” de Lagunilla | 160 | 174 | 334 ” de San Juan | 150 | 139 | 289 ” de Porte Golpe | 151 | 162 | 313 ” de Arado | 144 | 137 | 281 ” de Santa Barbara | 244 | 263 | 507 ” de Bolsón | 175 | 186 | 361 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 2,903 | 3,045 | 5,948 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Nicoya._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Villa de Nicoya (Centro) | 376 | 428 | 804 Barrio de Corralillo | 222 | 186 | 408 ” de Matina | 181 | 175 | 356 ” de San Antonio | 161 | 167 | 328 ” de Santa Rita | 167 | 130 | 297 ” de Matambú | 158 | 153 | 311 ” de Dulce Nombre | 127 | 134 | 261 ” de Sabana grande | 176 | 172 | 348 ” de Humo | 118 | 121 | 239 ” de Santa Ana | 87 | 102 | 189 ” de San Joaquin | 85 | 93 | 178 ” de San Lazaro | 60 | 62 | 122 ” de San Pablo | 38 | 51 | 89 ” de San Vicente | 71 | 70 | 141 ” de Zapote | 126 | 138 | 264 ” de Pueblo Viejo | 132 | 110 | 242 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 2,285 | 2,292 | 4,577 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

Comarca de Puntarenas.

_Canton de Puntarenas._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Ciudad de Puntarenas (Centro) | 1,188 | 1,350 | 2,538 Barrio de los Quemados | 704 | 567 | 1,271 ” de Pitahaya | 148 | 100 | 248 ” de Lagartos | 85 | 67 | 152 ” de Abangares | 81 | 57 | 138 ” de Rio Grande | 81 | 62 | 143 ” de Paquera | 146 | 130 | 276 ” de Chomes | 190 | 132 | 322 ” de Ciruelitas | 120 | 83 | 203 ” de Puerto Alto | 98 | 60 | 158 ” de Cabo Blanco | 105 | 106 | 211 ” de Corosal | 128 | 106 | 234 ” de Barranca | 136 | 100 | 236 ” de Jicaral | 66 | 47 | 113 ” de Chacarita | 77 | 55 | 132 ” de Lepanto | 75 | 63 | 138 ” de Chira | 51 | 45 | 96 ” de San Miguel | 55 | 43 | 98 ” de Jigaute | 52 | 53 | 105 ” de Morales | 57 | 45 | 102 ” de Tambar | 53 | 36 | 89 ” de Las Agujas | 85 | 58 | 143 ” de Curú | 29 | 36 | 65 ” de Presidio de San Lucas | 153 | -- | 153 ” de Golfo Dulce (Centro) | 303 | 220 | 523 ” de Cabagra | 43 | 40 | 83 ” de Buenos Aires | 125 | 154 | 279 Pueblo de Terraba | 107 | 124 | 231 ” de Baruca | 175 | 214 | 389 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 4,716 | 4,153 | 8,869 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

_Canton de Esparza._

-----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Ciudad de Esparza (Centro) | 607 | 638 | 1,245 Barrio de San Jerónimo | 159 | 140 | 299 ” de San Rafael | 275 | 232 | 507 ” de San Juan Grande | 89 | 83 | 172 ” de San Juan Chiquito | 53 | 50 | 103 ” de Macacona | 131 | 113 | 244 ” de Los Nances | 118 | 87 | 205 ” el Barón | 52 | 40 | 92 ” de Paires | 91 | 86 | 177 ” de Marañonal | 69 | 66 | 135 ” de Juanilama | 80 | 39 | 119 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 1,724 | 1,574 | 3,298 -----------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

Comarca de Limon.

_Canton de Limon._

------------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Barrios, etc. | Males.| Females.| Total. ------------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Ciudad de Limon (Centro) | 1,517 | 627 | 2,144 Barrio de Reventazon | 656 | 119 | 775 ” de Matina | 530 | 103 | 633 ” de Jimenez | 879 | 106 | 985 ” de Hospital in 12 millas | 340 | 171 | 511 ” de Tortuguero | 124 | 48 | 172 | | | ” de Estrella, Cieneguita, } | 269 | 160 | 429 ” de Bananito y Cahuita } | | | ” de Talamanca | 926 | 909 | 1,835 ------------------------------------+-------+---------+------- Total | 5,241 | 2,243 | 7,484 ------------------------------------+-------+---------+-------

Costa Rica had in 1892, taking this census as a basis, 313 communities distributed as follows:

76 in the province of San José with 76,718 inhabitants} 203,505 73 ” ” Alajuela ” 57,203 ” } inhabitants 32 ” ” Cartago ” 37,973 ” } in _tierra 31 ” ” Heredia ” 31,611 ” } templada_ or } temperate zone.

53 ” ” Guanacaste ” 20,049 ” } 39,700 40 ” comarca de Puntarenas ” 12,167 ” } inhabitants 8 ” ” Limon ” 7,484 ” } in _tierra } caliente_ or } warm zone.

As may have been observed, there is a great repetition of names in Costa Rica, especially of places named in honor of saints, which for commercial convenience will probably be changed. Of communities there are not less than

Key to column headings:

A: In the Department of San José. B: In the Department of Alajuela. C: In the Department of Cartago. D: In the Department of Heredia. E: In the Department of Guanacaste. F: In the Comarca de Puntarenas.

A B C D E F

10 named San Rafael 3 2 3 1 1 1 7 ” San Juan 2 2 1 1 1 - 7 ” San Isidro 1 4 1 1 - - 7 ” Concepcion - 4 2 1 - - 6 ” San Antonio 3 1 - 1 1 - 5 ” San Pedro 1 2 - 2 - - 5 ” San Francisco 2 - 1 1 1 - 5 ” Los Angeles - 3 1 1 - - 5 ” San José 1 3 - 1 - - 5 ” San Pablo 2 - - 2 1 - 4 ” San Miguel 1 1 - 1 - 1 4 ” Santiago 1 1 1 1 - - 3 ” San Vicente 1 - - 1 1 - 3 ” San Jerónimo 1 1 - - 1 - 3 ” Mercedes 1 1 - 1 - - 3 ” Buenos Aires - 1 - - 1 1 3 ” Santa Rosa - - - 1 2 - 2 ” Santa Ana 1 - - - 1 - 2 ” San Ramon - 1 1 - - - 2 ” San Roque - 1 - 1 - - 2 ” Jesus - 1 - 1 - - 2 ” San Joaquin - - - 1 1 - 2 ” Santa Barbara - - - 1 1 -

Of these 313 communities, distributed in 5 provinces with 28 cantones and in 2 comarcas with 3 cantones, the following table gives their relative importance:

In the In the Centers. Inhabitants. warm zone. temperate zone.

1 had 44 1 -- 12 had from 50 to 100 11 1 51 ” 100 ” 250 40 11 79 ” 250 ” 500 25 54 109 ” 500 ” 1,000 17 92 27 ” 1,000 ” 1,500 3 24 18 ” 1,500 ” 2,000 1 17 7 ” 2,000 ” 2,500 2 5 5 ” 2,500 ” 3,000 1 4 2 ” 3,000 ” 4,000 - 2 1 ” 6,000 ” 7,000 - 1 1 ” 20,000 ” 25,000 - 1 --- --- --- 313 101 212

In order to give an idea of the density of the population, there is roundly presented in the following table the area of each province and comarca, its total population and its population per square kilometer:

----------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------- | Surface | Total | Population| |in square| Popula- | in square | | km. | tion. | km. | ----------------------+---------+---------+-----------+------------- Province of San José | 4,000 | 80,000 | 20.00 | } ” Alajuela | 11,000 | 60,000 | 5.45 | } Temperate ” Cartago | 3,500 | 40,000 | 11.43 | } zone. ” Heredia | 1,500 | 30,000 | 20.00 | } | | | | ” Guanacaste| 10,000 | 20,000 | 2.00 | } Comarca de Puntarenas | 11,000 | 12,000 | 1.09 | } Warm zone. ” Limon | 13,000 | 8,000 | 0.61 | } ----------------------+---------+---------+-----------+-------------

In regard to the age of the population, the census of 1892 shows that there were:

Males. Females. Years.

4,820 4,348 of less than 1 15,153 14,438 from 1 to 5 16,706 16,688 ” 5 ” 10 14,849 13,865 ” 10 ” 15 11,876 12,450 ” 15 ” 20 11,412 11,764 ” 20 ” 25 11,160 10,838 ” 25 ” 30 9,652 9,520 ” 30 ” 35 6,868 6,283 ” 35 ” 40 5,824 5,878 ” 40 ” 45 3,929 3,817 ” 45 ” 50 3,949 4,032 ” 50 ” 55 2,037 2,084 ” 55 ” 60 2,085 2,145 ” 60 ” 65 913 952 ” 65 ” 70 593 755 ” 70 ” 75 347 426 ” 75 ” 80 147 281 ” 80 ” 85 85 110 ” 85 ” 90 43 58 ” 90 ” 95 32 43 ” 95 to over 100

The military census gives the following figures of able-bodied men in the different cantones, provinces and comarcas:

_Province of San José._ Total.

San José 3,345 from 18 to 35 years 1,218 from 36 to 50 years, 4,563 Escasú 702 ” ” 241 ” ” 943 Desamparados 1,121 ” ” 372 ” ” 1,493 Puriscal 931 ” ” 289 ” ” 1,220 Aserri 623 ” ” 197 ” ” 820 Mora 767 ” ” 235 ” ” 1,002 Tarrazú 299 ” ” 88 ” ” 387 Goicoechea 362 ” ” 138 ” ” 500 ----- ----- ------ 8,150 ” ” 2,778 ” ” 10,928

Province of Alajuela.

Alajuela 2,125 from 18 to 35 years 732 from 36 to 50 years, 2,857 San Ramon 1,191 ” ” 409 ” ” 1,600 Grecia 1,121 ” ” 387 ” ” 1,508 Atenas 943 ” ” 151 ” ” 1,094 San Mateo 428 ” ” 142 ” ” 570 Naranjo 697 ” ” 229 ” ” 926 Palmares 442 ” ” 157 ” ” 599 ----- ----- ----- 6,947 ” ” 2,207 ” ” 9,154

Province of Cartago.

Cartago 2,512 from 18 to 35 years 869 from 36 to 50 years, 3,387 Paraiso 923 ” ” 327 ” ” 1,250 La Union 381 ” ” 163 ” ” 544 ----- ----- ----- 3,816 ” ” 1,359 ” ” 5,175

Province of Heredia.

Heredia 1,929 from 18 to 35 years 738 from 36 to 50 years, 2,667 Barba 341 ” ” 122 ” ” 463 Santo Domingo 623 ” ” 201 ” ” 824 Santa Barbara 298 ” ” 109 ” ” 407 San Rafael 478 ” ” 136 ” ” 614 ----- ----- ----- 3,669 ” ” 1,306 ” ” 4,975

Province of Guanacaste.

Liberia 732 from 18 to 35 years 257 from 36 to 50 years, 989 Cañas 122 ” ” 40 ” ” 162 Bagaces 146 ” ” 51 ” ” 197 Santa Cruz 578 ” ” 185 ” ” 763 Nicoya 491 ” ” 139 ” ” 630 ----- --- ----- 2,069 ” ” 672 ” ” 2,741

Comarca de Puntarenas.

913 from 18 to 35 years 270 from 36 to 50 years, 1,183

Comarca de Limon.

78 from 18 to 35 years 39 from 36 to 50 years, 117

------ ----- ------ Total Costa Rica 25,642 ” ” 8,631 ” ” 34,273

The movement of the population in regard to _births_, _deaths_ and _increase_ was in 1892 as follows:

--------------------+--------+--------+---------- Province or Comarca.| Births.| Deaths.| Increase. --------------------+--------+--------+---------- San José | 3,458 | 1,665 | 1,793 Alajuela | 2,633 | 1,159 | 1,474 Cartago | 1,616 | 802 | 814 Heredia | 1,412 | 835 | 577 Guanacaste | 717 | 284 | 433 Puntarenas | 464 | 264 | 200 Limon | 62 | 58 | 4 --------------------+--------+--------+---------- Total | 10,362 | 5,067 | 5,295 --------------------+--------+--------+----------

During the first half of 1897 there were in the capitals of the same provinces or comarcas the following _births_ and _deaths_:

----------+----------------------+------+--------+---------------------- | Births. | | | Deaths. +-------+-------+------+ | +------+--------+------ |Illegi-|Legiti-| |Males.|Females.| | | |timate.| mate. |Total.| | |Males.|Females.|Total. ----------+-------+-------+------+------+--------+------+--------+------ San José | 179 | 428 | 607 } | | 247 | 209 | 456 Alajuela | 82 | 290 | 372 } | | 117 | 115 | 232 Cartago | 63 | 357 | 420 } | | 133 | 117 | 250 Heredia | 13 | 76 | 89 } 825 | 795 | 85 | 92 | 177 Liberia | 34 | 13 | 47 } | | 13 | 14 | 27 Puntarenas| 35 | 15 | 50 } | | 44 | 35 | 79 Limon | 28 | 7 | 35 } | | 38 | 24 | 62 ----------+-------+-------+------+------+--------+------+--------+------ Total | 434 |1,186 |1,620 | 825 | 795 | 677 | 606 |1,283 ----------+-------+-------+------+------+--------+------+--------+------

_Deaths by Ages._

From 1 to 5 years 709 From 6 to 20 years 65 From 21 to 50 years 317 From 51 and upward 192 ---- Total 1283

These data show in favor of births over deaths an increase of 337, of whom 148 were males and 189 females.

The causes of death in each 1000 cases were as follows:

Fever 220 Cholera infantum 112 Diarrhea 52 Dysentery and colic 77 Typhoid fever 26 Bronchitis and pneumonia 91 Phthisis 42 Influenza 17 Dropsy 31 Heart failure 31 Apoplexy and paralysis 81 Indigestion 12 Gastro-enteritis 15 Enteritis 28 Inflammation 35 Cancer 16 Blood-poison 17 Syphilis 5

In regard to social conditions, the population of Costa Rica was distributed in 1892, by percentages, as follows:

------------+---------+----------+----------+--------+--------+-------- Province or | | | | | Single | Single Comarca. | Married.| Divorced.| Widowers.| Widows.| Male. | Female. ------------+---------+----------+----------+--------+--------+-------- San José | 27.52 | 0.38 | 0.89 | 2.98 | 33.77 | 34.46 Alajuela | 28.71 | 0.11 | 0.87 | 3.17 | 34.16 | 32.98 Cartago | 26.76 | 0.08 | 1.16 | 3.98 | 34.82 | 33.20 Heredia | 28.33 | 0.07 | 1.06 | 3.22 | 32.94 | 34.38 Guanacaste | 22.82 | 0.64 | 1.60 | 3.59 | 37.53 | 33.82 Puntarenas | 18.17 | 0.30 | 1.17 | 3.51 | 40.07 | 36.78 Limon | 5.05 | 0.16 | 0.39 | 0.70 | 69.18 | 24.52 ------------+---------+----------+----------+--------+--------+--------

With respect to instruction there were 28,208 individuals who could read, and 48,215 persons who could read and write, leaving 166,782 illiterates, or 68.58 per cent of the entire population who could not read or write.

It will be interesting for the economist to know the percentage of the population capable of reading, or writing and reading. It is as follows:

Province of San José.

-------------+---------+--------- | | Readers | Readers.| and | | writers. -------------+---------+--------- San José | 20.00 | 38.98 Escasú | 8.08 | 9.52 Desamparados | 15.40 | 20.01 Puriscal | 9.16 | 11.82 Aserri | 5.32 | 6.55 Mora | 6.05 | 6.21 Tarrazú | 9.09 | 10.95 Goicoechea | 12.83 | 21.64 -------------+---------+--------- | 14.72 | 25.69 -------------+---------+---------

Province of Alajuela.

------------+----------+--------- | | Readers | Readers. | and | | writers. ------------+----------+--------- Alajuela | 10.09 | 20.17 San Ramon | 8.48 | 10.02 Grecia | 8.32 | 11.22 Atenas | 5.51 | 9.45 San Mateo | 7.84 | 12.55 Naranjo | 10.06 | 12.98 Palmares | 6.06 | 15.45 ------------+----------+--------- | 8.71 | 14.33 ------------+----------+---------

Province of Cartago.

------------+----------+--------- | | Readers | Readers. | and | | writers. ------------+----------+--------- Cartago | 11.50 | 16.83 Paraiso | 6.42 | 8.92 La Union | 10.83 | 17.10 ------------+----------+--------- | 10.38 | 15.23 ------------+----------+---------

Province of Heredia.

--------------+----------+--------- | | Readers | Readers. | and | | writers. --------------+----------+--------- Heredia | 15.42 | 27.81 Barba | 12.72 | 20.27 Santo Domingo | 14.16 | 19.50 Santa Barbara | 11.53 | 17.40 San Rafael | 9.08 | 14.81 --------------+----------+--------- | 13.77 | 22.45 --------------+----------+---------

Province of Guanacaste.

--------------+----------+--------- | | Readers | Readers. | and | | writers. --------------+----------+--------- Liberia | 14.65 | 19.08 Cañas | 7.71 | 10.85 Bagaces | 8.94 | 18.63 Santa Cruz | 10.47 | 13.14 Nicoya | 11.84 | 15.05 --------------+----------+--------- | 11.60 | 15.48 --------------+----------+---------

Comarca de Puntarenas.

-----------------+---------+--------- | | Readers | Readers.| and | | writers. -----------------+---------+--------- Puntarenas | 7.05 | 16.55 Esparza | 7.43 | 11.76 -----------------+---------+--------- | 7.15 | 15.25 -----------------+---------+---------

Comarca de Limon.

-----------------+---------+--------- | | Readers | Readers.| and | | writers. -----------------+---------+--------- Limon | 5.76 | 31.25 =================+=========+========= Total Costa Rica | 11.60 | 19.82 -----------------+---------+---------

The total literates were 76,423 persons, or 31.42 per cent of the population.

In the capitals of the different provinces and comarcas the proportion was as follows:

Readers. Readers and Writers.

San José 25.37 per cent. 44.62 per cent. Alajuela 16.92 ” 31.58 ” Cartago 19.99 ” 37.83 ” Heredia 15.66 ” 36.31 ” Liberia 9.38 ” 21.96 ” Puntarenas 17.25 ” 26.24 ” Limon 13.47 ” 39.55 ” ----- ----- 20.53 ” 38.77 ”

For these cities the total literates were 23,488 persons or 59.5 per cent. of their population.

There were, out of the total number, 17,483 school children, who were taught by 451 teachers in public schools.

There were also 6289 foreigners in the country, of which

2,516 were in the Province of San José. 395 ” ” ” Alajuela. 362 ” ” ” Cartago. 138 ” ” ” Heredia. 634 ” ” ” Guanacaste. 1,293 ” Comarca de Puntarenas. 1,051 ” ” ” Limon.

These foreigners were distributed by nationalities as follows:

1,302 Nicaraguans, 831 Spaniards, 812 Colombians, 634 Jamaicans, 622 Italians, 342 Germans, 246 Englishmen, 204 Americans, 195 Salvadorans, 189 Frenchmen, 160 Guatemalans, 156 Cubans, 175 Chinamen, 132 Hondurans.

With respect to occupations, there were in Costa Rica in 1892:

896 Cattle-farmers, 8,314 Agriculturists, male, 194 Agriculturists, female, 22,190 Laborers, 349 Servants, male, 2,348 ” female, 40 Cooks, male, 3,801 ” female, 4,541 Seamstresses, 1,031 Laundry ironers, 5,873 Laundry cleaners, 366 Tailors, 378 Shoemakers, 980 Carpenters, 2,102 Carmen, 96 Mule drivers, 565 Masons, 279 Butchers, 900 Merchants, 911 Clerks, 92 Lawyers, 46 Surveyors, 131 Barbers, 913 Government employes, 541 Cigarmakers, 265 Hat makers, 111 Bakers, 54 Pharmacists, 11 Commission merchants, 36 Watchmen, 82 Blacksmiths, 88 Hotel keepers, 42 Physicians, 243 Musicians, 16 Engineers, 12 Mechanics, 6 Miners, 41 Painters, 20 Silversmiths, 15 Watchmakers, 27 Saddlers, 49 Tanners, 12 Dyers, 77 Printers, 84 Sailors, 28 Carpet makers.

A distribution of the people by their principal occupations in the different cantones was as follows:

Province of San José.

(Part 1 of 2) ------------+------+----+------+----+------+----+----+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ------------+------+----+------+----+------+----+----+ San José | 1,091| 150| 5,432| 524|{ }| 198| 568| Escasú | 409| 19| 772| 39|{ }| 6| 8| Desamparados| 598| 30| 763| 52|{ }| 15| 12| Puriscal | 385| 23| 412| --|{1620}| 4| 5| Aserri | 497| 8| 475| 42|{ }| 4| 5| Mora | 493| 16| 898| 33|{ }| 3| 3| Tarrazú | 442| 10| 257| 17|{ }| 2| 4| Goicoechea | 226| 20| 286| 13|{ }| 9| 7| ------------+------+----+------+----+------+----+----+

(Part 2 of 2) ------------+----+----+----+----+----+-----+-----+----- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . ------------+----+----+----+----+----+-----+-----+----- San José | 316| 231| 196| 423|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Escasú | 168| --| 1| 9|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Desamparados| 107| 2| 5| 39|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Puriscal | 49| --| 1| 5|{21}|{169}|{222}|{463} Aserri | 89| --| 1| 12|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Mora | 85| --| 2| 8|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Tarrazú | 35| --| 2| 3|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Goicoechea | 27| 1| 5| 8|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } ------------+----+----+----+----+----+-----+-----+-----

Province of Alajuela.

(Part 1 of 2) ----------+-----+----+------+----+-----+---+---+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ----------+-----+----+------+----+-----+---+---+ Alajuela | 687 | 86 | 2,037| 211|{ }| 92| 32| San Ramon | 218 | 30 | 891| 139|{ }| 31| 8| Grecia | 282 | 32 | 781| 99|{ }| 29| 12| Atenas | 59 | 6 | 372| 24|{704}| 15| 7| San Mateo | 94 | 9 | 278| 69|{ }| 10| 8| Naranjo | 150 | 21 | 971| 61|{ }| 12| 10| Palmares | 124 | 26 | 328| 39|{ }| 9| 9| ----------+-----+----+------+----+-----+---+---+

(Part 2 of 2) ----------+----+---+---+---+----+----+-----+------ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . ----------+----+---+---+---+----+----+-----+------ Alajuela | 203| 11| 19| 52|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } San Ramon | 97| 6| 6| 23|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Grecia | 92| 4| 4| 36|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Atenas | 32| 3| 3| 12|{16}|{--}|{131}|{118} San Mateo | 21| 3| 2| 5|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Naranjo | 51| 2| 2| 18|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Palmares | 13| 2| 2| 13|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } ----------+----+---+---+---+----+----+-----+------

Province of Cartago.

(Part 1 of 2) --------+----+---+------+----+-----+---+---+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | --------+----+---+------+----+-----+---+---+ Cartago | 510| 84| 1,527| 156|{ }| 72| 32| Paraiso | 261| 21| 453| 61|{422}| 10| 6| La Union| 192| 15| 148| 61|{ }| 18| 12| --------+----+---+------+----+-----+---+---+

(Part 2 of 2) --------+----+---+---+---+----+----+----+----- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . --------+----+---+---+---+----+----+----+----- Cartago | 203| 17| 25| 47|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Paraiso | 20| 2| 2| 10|{10}|{22}|{33}|{103} La Union| 41| 3| 3| 18|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } --------+----+---+---+---+----+----+----+-----

Province of Heredia.

(Part 1 of 2) -------------+----+---+------+----+-----+----+---+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | -------------+----+---+------+----+-----+----+---+ Heredia | 541| 88| 1,247| 239|{ }| 79 | 52| Barba | 201| 21| 378| 58|{ }| 13 | 5| Santo Domingo| 276| 34| 501| 84|{657}| 28 | 12| Santa Barbara| 161| 16| 261| 63|{ }| 14 | 4| San Rafael | 94| 21| 250| 32|{ }| 8 | 5| -------------+----+---+------+----+-----+----+---+

(Part 2 of 2) -------------+----+---+---+----+----+----+----+----- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . -------------+----+---+---+----+----+----+----+----- Heredia | 201| 31| 42| 102|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Barba | 51| 5| 5| 12|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Santo Domingo| 86| 4| 3| 13|{14}|{59}|{40}|{85} Santa Barbara| 38| --| 2| 7|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } San Rafael | 21| 1| 2| 13|{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } -------------+----+---+---+----+----+----+----+-----

Province of Guanacaste.

(Part 1 of 2) ----------+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ----------+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+ Liberia | 82| 25 | 608 | 113|{ }| 57 | 17 | Cañas | 31| 3 | 97 | 24|{ }| 6 | 5 | Bagaces | 87| 3 | 138 | 66|{267}| 7 | 3 | Santa Cruz| 126| 7 | 442 | 52|{ }| 19 | 5 | Nicoya | 52| 6 | 392 | 42|{ }| 5 | 4 | ----------+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+

(Part 2 of 2) ----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . ----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----- Liberia | -- | 12 | 13 | 23 |{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Cañas | 9 | 1 | 1 | 3 |{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Bagaces | 10 | -- | 1 | 4 |{10}|{12}|{62}|{50} Santa Cruz| 13 | 5 | 4 | 9 |{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } Nicoya | -- | 2 | 5 | 17 |{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } ----------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----

Comarca de Puntarenas.

(Part 1 of 2) ----------+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | ----------+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+ Puntarenas| 21 | 9 | 371 | 93 |{217}| 76 | 28 | Esparza | 83 | 12 | 198 | 34 |{ }| 12 | 5 | ----------+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+

(Part 2 of 2) ----------+----+----+----+----+---+---+----+----- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . ----------+----+----+----+----+---+---+----+----- Puntarenas| 15 | 9 | 8 | 12 |{8}|{3}|{30}|{55} Esparza | 9 | 2 | 5 | 9 |{ }|{ }|{ }|{ } ----------+----+----+----+----+---+---+----+-----

Comarca de Limon.

(Part 1 of 2) -----+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+ | | C | | | | | | | | a | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | t | | | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | e | | | | M | | | | | L | S | | e | | | F | f | a | e | | r | | | a | a | b | r | | c | C | | r | r | o | v | C | h | l | | m | m | r | a | o | a | e | | e | e | e | n | o | n | r | | r | r | r | t | k | t | k | | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | -----+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+ Limon| 35 | 18 | 276 | 157| 71 | 37 | 18 | -----+----+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+

(Part 2 of 2) -----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C | | | | | | B | | i | | | | S | C | l | H | g | G | | | h | a | a | a | a | o | | | o | r | c | t | r | v e | | T | e | p | k | | | e m | C | a | m | e | s | m | m | r p | a | i | a | n | m | a | a | n l | r | l | k | t | i | k | k | m o | m | o | e | e | t | e | e | e y | e | r | r | r | h | r | r | n e | n | s | s | s | s | s | s | t s | . | . | . | . | . | . | . | . -----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----- Limon| -- | 7 | 6 | 15 | 3 | -- | -- | 39 -----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+-----

The criminal statistics of Costa Rica for 1896 were as follows:

There were 4022 delinquencies punished by the police courts, namely: 1,295 in San José, 626 in Alajuela, 678 in Cartago, 520 in Heredia, 200 in Liberia, 424 in Puntarenas and 279 in Port Limon. Of these there were convictions of

1686 for drunkenness and disorder. 861 for slight misdemeanors. 340 for fighting, domestic scandals and inflicting slight injuries. 274 for violations of sanitary and moral ordinances. 280 for vagrancy. 80 for carrying arms. 65 for petty larceny. 6 for larceny.

There were also 989 criminal sentences recorded in the Court of Second Instance, together with 124 criminal and civil judgments in the Court of Cassation.

The national “Presidio de San Lucas” contained at the same time 170 prisoners. Costa Rica in 1896 had 1744 prostitutes, mostly between sixteen and twenty-five years of age, under supervision. Nearly half of this number were in San José, the rest in the ports and in Heredia, Alajuela and Cartago. Nearly 300 women were in the hospitals being treated for venereal diseases, while 502 individuals were registered in the “Department de profilaxis venerea.”

There were during the same year thirteen commercial insolvencies, two cases of absolute and three of partial divorce.

The different courts of the country, during the year of 1896, entered 5417 civil and testamentary judgments, including a number concerning mining and national land claims.

The people of Costa Rica must be considered as standing high above those of the neighboring countries in regard to morals and civilization. The mass of the people is industrious, honest, sober, clean, comparatively well-clothed, economical, obedient to the authorities and respectful of the laws.