Chapter 6 of 8 · 3281 words · ~16 min read

M.

Maecenas, house of, 112

Mackenzie, sketch of, 15-16

Mackinac Island, history of, 13-14

Madison, President, descent of, 20, 135

Madison, Wis., elevation of, 128

Madonna, Sistine, 150-151

“Maid of the Mist” at Niagara, 103, 134

Mail, old California, 155

Mail-bags, pouch in, 146

Maine liquor law, 166

Mallet on earthquakes, 47

Mamelukes, slaughter of, 95

Man, antiquity of, 111-112

“Man of Ross,” the, 131

Manetho, writings of, 42

Manitoba, pronunciation of, 181

Manna, 85

MANUSCRIPT— Postage on, 73 Rule governing, 36-37

Marcy. Hon. Wm. L., 52

Marine vessels, old, 146

Marquette, Jean, 13

MARRIAGE— Between whites and blacks, 177 License in Wisconsin, 181

Martyrs in the Colosseum, 69

Massachusetts, wealth of, 158

Mason, Governor, of Michigan, 25

Mason, Sergeant, sentence of, 96

Mason & Dixon’s Line, 63

Matches, revenue from, 172

Mather, Cotton, 150

MAXIMILIAN, OF MEXICO— And Carlotta, 122 In Mexico, 26 “Legions” of, 179 Sketch of, 97

McClellan’s “Minute Men”, 130

Meade, General, at Cold Harbor, 184

Measuring an acre, 21

Meat, ratio to live weight, 36

Medicine, eclectic school of, 183

Meerschaum—Sea Foam, 57

Mendoza, burning of, 50

Menon, General, in Egypt, 54

Merchants’ Club and the Caucus, 54

Mercury, locality and uses, 14

Mermaid Tavern, 168

“Merry Andrew,” origin of, 69

Metals, their location and uses, 14

Metals, yield in various countries, 14

Meteoric stones, 123

Methodists in Canada, 35

Metrical System, base of the, 149-150

Meuse, river, 180

MEXICANS— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

MEXICO— Discovery of, 48-49 Government of, 182 The mines in, 58

Mica, 12

Michigan, first State election in, 25

Middleton, Thomas, 38

Mileage, railroads, 37

Miller, Joaquin, 64

Military heroes of America, 61

Military road in Arkansas, 6

Militia, called by the President, 176

Milk, amount of butter in, 176

Milman, H. H., 174

Milwaukee, grain handled in, 17

MINES— Deepest in the world, 176 Oldest American, 88 Mines of Australia, 51 Mines of the Toltecs and Aztecs, 88

“Minnie Myrtle”, 64

Mints, U. S., 67

Miocene Period, man in, 111

MISSISSIPPI RIVER— Does not run up-hill, 98-99 Fall of, 109 Length of, 115 Navigation of the, 162 Valley of the, 67

Missouri Compromise, 63

Missouri River, length of the, 115-116

Mitchell, Maggie, 71

Mizpah, meaning of, 184

Mocha, island of, 114

Mocha coffee, 44-45

Moffat, Robert, 94

Moldavian Desert, 115

Money, early American, 19

“Monitor,” the original, 173

Monroe, descent of, 20

Montreal, burning of, 50

“Moralism and Christianity”, 8

Moravian Brethren, the, 103

Morris, George P., sketch of, 151

Mortality in cities, 119

MOSCOW— Burning of, 49-50 Siege of, 54 Who burned, 67

Moses, writings of, 42

MOUNTAINS— Highest in Philippine Islands, 184 How measured, 177 Of Australia, 50-51

Movable feasts, 116

Munich, 87

Murad Bey, 95

Murders, annual number, 91

Mushroom gardening, 95

Mushroom and toadstool, 79

Music, effect on bridges, 40

Mutuals, Paris, 73

Mystics, the, 103

N.

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE— Banishment of, 11 Defeat of, 54 Sketch of, 31

NAPOLEON III, LOUIS— And Maximilian, 26 Sketch and incidents of, 31, 122, 134

Nares Polar Expedition, 93

Nast, Thomas, sketch of, 97

National Banks, security of, 66

Nations of the Globe, 42-43

“Nature of Evil,” the, 8

NAVY, U. S.— Chaplains in the, 138 Officers who turned rebels, 87 Period of 1861 to 1865, 87

NEBRASKA— And Lincoln’s monument, 112-113 “Bad Lands” in, 153-154 Cedar County, 31-32 Description of, 144-145 Rainfall in, 91 State Normal, 169 Wheat crops in, 161

Negroes and Suffrage, 15

Negroes, schools for, 89

Neilson, Adelaide, 177

Nero, golden house of, 112

New Jersey, woman suffrage in, 134

New Orleans, La., 44

New South Wales, 51

NEWSPAPERS— Circulation of, 132 Earliest, 80-81 Number in America, 81 New Troy, 151

NEW YORK CITY— Burning of, 49 Charter of, 7 Elevated railways in, 22 Foreigners in, 23 Mayors of, 158 Sale of apples in, 178

NEW YORK, STATE OF— Cost of new State Capitol, 9 Discovery and settlement of, 7 Immigration, Commissioners of, 56 Wealth of, 158

NIAGARA RIVER— Descent of, 103 Facts concerning, 62 Shooting the rapids of, 134

Nicollet, John, 13

Nicknames of Southern States, 181

Nightingale, Florence, Sketch of, 76

Nightingale, the habitat of, 184

Night-glasses, 133

Nihilism, 78

NILE— Battle of the, 54 Ruins along the, 170-171

Noble, Warren V., sketch of, 10

Noon marks, 24

Nordenskjold, sketch of, 79

NORMAL SCHOOLS— Of Illinois, 180 Of Nebraska, 169

Norman horses, 78

North, Lord, Minister of England, 181

Northwest passage. See Arctic.

NORWEGIANS— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

Notables, assembly of, 122

“Not one cent for tribute,” author of, 81-82

Novgorod, burning of, 50

O.

OATS— Amount of alcohol in, 163 Duty on, 11

Oberammergau, 35

Occupations, number in United States, 136

Oceanica, Sunday-schools in, 117

“O-grab-me act”, 184

OHIO— Institute for Feeble-minded, 8 Wealth of, 158 Wheat crops in, 161

Oil, headlight, 159

Omaha Reservation, 116

Opium war, 126

“Opus Majus”, 118

Orators, greatest American, 37

OREGON— Crops and herds, 100 Description of, 99

Orphan asylums in Illinois, 97

Osage-orange, silk from, 129-130

Osier plantations, 101

“Other Shore,” author of, 97

“Ouida”, 177

Ounces, weight of, 177

P.

Paint, what makes it poor, 181

Painting, how to copyright, 184

Paintings, celebrated, 18

Pan-Presbyterian Council, 91

Papal infallibility, 103

Paris, burning of, 50

Paris Mutuals, 73

Parliament, members of, 63-64

Parris, Samuel, and Mass. witchcraft, 150

PARTNERS— Effect of marriage of, 182 Special, 129

Passion-flower, 84

Passion Play, history of the, 35-36

Patch, Sam, 177

Patterson, Elizabeth (Bonaparte), 31

Patented articles, must bear notice, 174

Patti, Adelina, sketch of, 145

Pattie, Sylvester, 94

Paul Pry, 22

Pauper relatives, support of, 92

“Peace Organisation”, 130

“Peasant, the”, 106

Pedestrian, best, 143

“Peeler,” debt, 41

PEERESSES— In Parliament, 145 Of England, 63-64

Peking, population of, 59-60

Penikese, Agassiz’s school on, 143

Pennsylvania, wealth of, 158

Pennsylvania Whisky War, 90

PENSION— Attorney’s fees for, 158-159 Of soldiers of 1812, 151 Who inherits, 68

Periodicals, number of in U. S., 182

“Perkins, Eli”, 177

Perry, naval song of, 138

Peru, tin mines in, 58

Pestalozzi, sketch of, 82

Pewter, fusibility of, 72

Pharmacy Laws, 60

Philippine Islands, highest mountain in, 184

“Phœnix, John,” sketch of, 18-19

Phrenology, history of, 8-9

Pierce, President; descent of, 20

Pierre, Dakota, 184

Pigs, Guinea, 115

Pinckney, Chas. C., 81-82

Pisa, leaning tower of, 40-41

Pitch of a roof, 179

Pitman, Mary Ann, 130

Pittsburg, burning of, 50

Pittsburg Convention, 120

Planets in February, 1883, 18

Plants, tropical, in Labrador, 113

Platinum, locality and use, 14

“Plon Plon”, 31

Plows, steam, first, 152-153

Pocahontas, descendants of, 21

Poems, certain, authors of, see Authors, Index

Poets, greatest American, 37

Polar Explorations, the, 16-17

Pole, why weight increases at, 179

POLE, SOUTH— Nearest approach to, 93 See Arctic.

POLES— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

Police, Metropolitan and city, 34

POLK, PRESIDENT— Descent of, 20 Feud with Silas Wright, 52

Poll-tax, who pays, 175

Pontoon bridges, Prairie du Chien, 177

Poole, John, 22

Poole’s Index, 45

Pools, French, 73

“Poor as I am,” etc., 63

POPULATION— Of the globe, 37-38 Of the United States, colored, 175

“Porte Crayon,” pseudonym of, 115

Porterhouse steak, origin of name, 29

Portland, Me., burning of, 50

Portsmouth, burning of, 49

PORTUGUESE— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

POSTAGE— Cheap, legislation for, 46 Foreign, 159-160 Old rates of, 151 On manuscript, 73 On newspapers, 139

Postage stamp, origin of, 67

Postal expenditures, 158

Postal instructions, 185

Postal rates, old, 151-152

Postal service in the United States, 97

Postal system, history of the, 141-142

Postal time-table, 185

Postmaster General in the Cabinet, 143

Postmasters, salaries of, 138-139

Postoffices, origin of, 141-142

Posts, coal oil preserve, 176

Potatoes, duty on, 11

Poultry, artificial brooders, 76

Poultry Association, North American, 162-163

Pratt, Major, 152-153

Precession of the equinoxes, 148-149

PRE-EMPTIONS— Claims, 174 “Continuous residence,” on, 137 Liable for debts, 143 “Proving up”, 137 When claims join, 178 Who can make, 176-178

Presbyterians in Canada, 35

Presidential dinners, who pays for, 49

Presidential election, years for, 30

PRESIDENTS— And republics, 59 National descent of, 20 Of Continental Congress, 62 Professions of, 88 Pro-tem., of the Senate, 115, 185 Salary of, 107, 180-182

Printers’ wages in Chicago, 174

Prison labor, 95

Prize-ring, championship of, 175

Promissory note, interest on, 55-56

Property of a wife, 176

Proverbs, Chinese, 167-168

Providence Spring, 121

Pry, Paul, 22-23

Pseudonyms of authors, 131-132

Ptolemy Philadelphus, sketch of, 60

Pueblos of New Mexico, 64

Puget Sound, 24

Pullman cars, cost of, 182

“Puts and Calls”, 175

Pyramids, battle of the, 95

Q.

Quakers and suffrage, 15

Quaternary period, 111

Quebec, burning of, 50

“Queechey,” author of, 97

Queen Victoria, surname of, 98

Queen’s bench, 157

Queensland, 50-51

R.

Races, ten and twenty mile at Minneapolis, 180

Rae, Dr. John, 139

RAILROADS— Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe, 101 Certain agreements between, 21 Disaster at Tay bridge, 59 Entering Chicago, 133-134 First, 179 First in Illinois, 92 In Illinois, number of, 149 Land grants to, 37 Lands, settlers on, 125 Michigan Central, 175 Mileage of, 37 Miles of, in United States, 157 Northern Pacific, 61 Pacific, finances of, 173 Southern Pacific, 72 Trains, speed of, 28 Union Pacific, 184

Railways, elevated, in New York, 22

RAINFALL— In Nebraska, 91, 144-145 In United States, 82

Rain-gauge, how used, 93

RALEIGH, SIR W.— Club of, 168 Execution of, 90

Randall, S. J., sketch of, 10

Randolph, Chief Postmaster, 141

Raphael, paintings by, 18

Raphael’s Sistine Madonna, 150-151

Rebellion, principal battles of, 109-110

“Red Line Poets”, 181

Red Sea, origin of name, 27

Reed, General Joseph, 63

Reform School at Topeka, Kan, 177

Relationships, 36

Relatives, pauper, legal claims of, 92

Religion, oldest form of, 175

RELIGIOUS SECTS— Statistics of, 9, 76, 182 Statistics of, in Canada, 35

Representatives, Speaker of the House, 115

Republics, Chief Magistrates of, 59

“Republic of South Carolina”, 58

Republican legislation, effects of, 46

Requisition of Governor, 178

REVENUE— From salt, in New York State, 173 Internal, 172-173 Of Great Britain, 58-59

Rhode Island, smaller than some counties, 118

Rice, introduction into United States, 180

Richmond, Lee at, 16

Richter, Jean P., sketch of, 113-114

Riddle, given to Homer, 21

Riddleberger, Bill, 41

Rifles, Sharpes, inventor of, 180

Rip Van Winkle, 179

RIVERS— Amazon, 67 And harbors, cost of improving, 164 Fall of Western, 109 Length of, only estimated, 115 Longest in the world, 183 Meuse, the, 180 Miles of navigable, in United States, 157 Mississippi, 115 Missouri, 115

Road Laws of Illinois, 86

Robards, Mrs., union with Jackson, 28

Rock Island, elevation of, 109

Rome, burning of, 49

Roof, the pitch of a, 179

Rooster, the, a Democratic emblem, 124

Royal family of England, 72

Rulers of the World, 84

Runs, fastest, 68, 175

Runs, longest, 25

Ruskin, John, sketch of, 93-94

Russell, “Bull Run”, 182

Russia, wealth of, 142

RUSSIANS— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

RYE— Amount of alcohol in, 163 Duty on, 11

S.

Sacramento Valley, 24

Saint Simon, sketch of, 120

Safford, Truman Henry, 75

Saginaw salt wells, 175

SALARIES, U. S.— Department, 107-108 Executive, 107-108, 177

Salem Witchcraft, 150

SALOONS— In Chicago, 77, 105 In Illinois, 105 Keepers, nationality of, 178 Licenses in Chicago, 1880, 180

SALT— Duty on, 11 Product of and tax in New York, 173 Regions, greatest, 175 Revenue from, 173

Salt Lake, description of, 166-167

Salvation Army, the, 110-111

SAN FRANCISCO— Burning of, 50 Distance from Australian and other ports, 124 Fares from to various ports, 124

San Marino, 59

San Joaquin Valley, 24

Sand, George, 121-122

Sandeau, Jules, sketch of, 121-122

Sandpaper, 133

SANDWICH ISLANDS— Leprosy in, 6 Natives of in Chicago, 23 Natives of in New York, 23

SANTA FE— Age of, 64 Settlement of, 62

Savannah, burning of, 50

Sayers, Tom, 175

“Scalpers,” how they work, 154

Scandinavian, old ideas of heaven, 38

“Schonberg Cotta Family,” author of, 72

SCHOOLS— First free, in the United States, 116 Of Britain and Ireland, 117 For colored race, 89 Temperance in, 34-35

Schwatka, Lieutenant, the explorer, 127

Schwerin, Field Marshal, sketch of, 86

Scientific societies, 171-172

Scio, earthquake on island of, 175

SCOTLAND— Area of, 31 Natives of in Chicago, 23 Natives of in New York, 23

Scriptures, the Jewish, 103

Scythians and Darius, 115

SEA— Finding latitude at, 30, 36 Gold and silver in, 72-73

Seas, the high, 51

Seasons, limits of the, 108

“Secret of Swedenborg”, 8

Secretaries, of States, 70

SECTIONS— Government, 174 Of land, “long and short”, 90

Sects, religious, statistics of, 9

Sedan, battle of, 175

SENATE, U. S.— Members of, 185 Presidents of, 115 Presidents, pro tem. salary of, 181

Senators of Kansas, 59

Septuagint, 60

Settlers on railroad lands, 125

Shakespeare, articles on, 45

Sharon, Hon. Wm., sketch of, 104

Sharps, Christian, 180

Shells, how to polish, 132

SHERIDAN, GENERAL PHIL— At Sedan, 175 Name of wife of, 174

Shilling in various States, 54

Shilling, the York, 54

Ship, largest, 183

Ship-building, English and American, 17-18

Shipping, American sold, 98

Ship-wrecked, persons, care of, 179

Siding-lumber, grades of, 85

Signal service, 143

Signal station, elevation of, 127-128

Signals of storms, 5-6

Signs of weather changes, 24-25

Silk from osage-orange, 129-130

Silk-worms, development of, 182

SILVER— Localities and uses, 14 In sea water, 72-73

Silver coins at a premium, 110

Silver-plating, cheap method, 101-102

Silver-ware, how to clean, 9

Sinaloa, route to, 72

Sing Sing, penitentiary at, 179

Sintuism, 168

Sirens, the, 91

Sirloin, derivation of, 56-57

Sistine Chapel, 18

“Skeleton in every closet,” a, 123

Skulls as bowls, 38

Slave, first negro in Chicago, 174

Slave trade, 51-52

Slaves, voting, value of, 11

SLAVERY— First case of in Chicago, 174 In Cuba, 23 In Illinois, 89-90 In Jamaica, 52

Smith, “Extra Billy”, 179

Smut in wheat, 165

Smyrna, burning of, 49-50

Snake, hoop, 184

Snow-shoes, how to make, 174

Socialism, 79

Societies, art, historical, and scientific, 171-172

Soldiers’ Homesteads, 29-30

Solferino, battle of, 134-135

“Sons of Liberty”, 130-131

“Sore-heads”, 52

Sound and sense, 16

South, the, and protective tariff, 128-129

South Americans in Chicago, 23

South Americans in New York, 23

South Carolina, “Republic of”, 58

Southern Hotel, loss of life in, 180

Sovereigns of England, 26

Spain, wealth of, 142

SPANIARDS— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE— Right to appoint a chairman, 53 Salary of, 177 Who have been, 145

Specie, resumption of, 135

Speed, of railway trains, 28

Sphinx, the, 118

SPIRITS— Production of, 171 Revenue from, 172

Spring, limits of, 108

Spurzheim, Dr., 9

St. Anastasias, sketch of, 107

St. Augustine, age of, 64

St. George’s Company and Ruskin, 93-94

St. Helena, 17

St. Ildefonso, treaty of, 179

St. John, age of at death, 178

St. Johns, burning of, 50

ST. LOUIS— Burning of, 50 Elevation of, 109

St. Patrick, 181

St. Patrick’s Day, 178

St. Paul, Minn., elevation of, 128

St. Peter’s Cathedral, 69

St. Petersburg, burning of, 49-50

St. Thomas, burning of, 50

STAMPS, POSTAGE— Origin of, 67 In a business letter, 182

Standish, Miles, wife of, 174

“Star Organization”, 130

Stars, steering by the, 30

STATES— Debts of, 98 Formed from others, 62-63 Nicknames of, 181 Repudiating debts, 43-44 Returning to a Territory, 181 Security for U. S. loans, 79-80 Vote of in November, 1882, 23 Wealth of the, 98, 158

Statesmen, Eminent American, 61

Steamers, course across the Atlantic, 178

Steamship, fastest time of a, 177

Steel and Steel Rails, 66-67

Stock Yards, Chicago, 175

Stockholm, burning of, 49

Storm Signals, 5-6

Stratton, C. H., sketch of, 106

Strother, D. H., 115

Stubbs, Charles W., 106

Suffrage, history of, 14-15

Suicides, annual number of, 91

Sullivan, Alexander, 65-66

Sullivan-Hanford murder, 65-66

Summer, limits of, 108

Sumter, Ft., flag restored on, 88

SUN— Days north of equator, 104 Days south of equator, 104 In the north window, 180 Visible zones of, 20

Sundays, five in February, 62

Sunday schools in the world, 117

Sun-dial and clock, 97

Sunlight, covers more than a hemisphere, 117

Survey, rectangular system of, 178

SWEDES— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

SWISS— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 23

T.

Tahoe, lake, description of, 163

Taine, M., sketch of, 151

Talent, value of Hebrew, 180

Talleyrand insults United States, 82

Tarantulas, 137-138

TARIFF— And parties, 8 Articles on, 45 Canadian, 86 Effect upon commerce, 103 High and cheap goods, 160 Low and fiat money, 113 Increase of, 7-8 In Great Britain, 58-59 On coal, 11 On diamonds, 166 On farm products, 11 On guns, 8 On tin, 119 Present duties, 7-8 Jackson on, 147 Jefferson on, 147 In the South, 128-129 Madison on, 147 Monroe on, 147 Van Buren on, 147 Washington on, 147 Who pays the, 160

Tasso, sketch of, 9-10

Tay Bridge disaster, 59

Taylor, President, descent of, 20

Taylor, “Father,” sketch of, 151

Tea, first use of, 95

TELEGRAPH— Autographic, 183 Cable, to Ireland, 184 Electric, 79 Money and goods, 163 The printing, 79 Wheatstone’s, 79

Telephone and telegraph compared, 86-87

Telephone, how to operate, 87

Telescope—Night-glass, 133

TEMPERANCE— Facts for in Chicago, 77 In common schools, 34-35 In Germany, 21 In Indiana politics, 35 Movement, origin of, 21-22 Societies, orders, etc., 21

Templars, Good, 22

Temperature, how observed, 93

Tennessee gold mines, 57

Terne plates, 119

Testament, the Old, 103

Texas admitted to the U. S, 184

THERMOMETERS— Alcohol instruments, 177 Zero, point of, 58

Thoroughbred, meaning of, 175

“Those everlasting gardens,” etc, 157

Throop, Governor Enos T., sketch of, 24

Throws, longest, 25, 68

Thumb, Tom, sketch of, 106

TIMBER— Act to encourage culture of, 99 Claims, fraudulent, 48 Culture act, 46 Lands in Dakota, 43

TIME— Difference of between various places, 19 Geological divisions of, 120 Noon marks, 24

“Times that try men’s souls”, 67

TIN— Mines, principal ones, 58 Plate Association, 119 Tariff on, 119 Where found and use, 14

Titus and the Colosseum, 68

Toadstool, 79

TOBACCO— Crop for 1880 and 1881, 176 Revenue from, 172 Sale of by producer, 92-93

Tom Thumb, sketch of, 106

“Tongue” and “Language”, 97-98

Torpedoes, submarine, 125-126

Torrismond, 10

Tortugas, Dry, 178

Towers, government, for geodetic survey, 176

Townships, political and government, 67

Trade, as shown by clearings, 17

Trade marks, use of, 102

Trades unions, history of, 26-27

Training School for Nurses, 76

Treasury Department, salaries of, 107-108

Trent, Council of, 102

Trichinæ, 176

Trinity Church steeple, 174

Troy, N. Y., burning of, 50

Trotting, fastest, 175

Truesdell truss, 120

TURKS— In Chicago, 23 In New York, 28

U.

Ulysses and the sirens, 91

“Uncle Tom,” the original, 175

Union losses in civil war, 74

United Brethren, 114

UNITED STATES— Agriculture in, 103 Army, cost of the, 164 Banks of, 12-13 Capital of the, 163 Capitals during Revolution, 62 Carrying trade of, 103 Cattle in the, 121, 127 Civil list of, 28 Coal area of, 157 Coins, fineness of, 20 Colored population of, 175 Commerce of, 103 Cultivated area of the, 139 Debt of, 30, 38, 78-79 Expenditures for government, 174, 183 Expenditures of for eighteen years, 75 First free schools in, 116 Gortschakoff’s attitude to, 38 Homeopathy in the, 112 Imports during 1881, 175 Islands belonging to, 136-137 Largest cities in, 151 Loans in 1860, 163-164 Loans, State security for, 79 Loans, when non-negotiable, 79 Manufacturers of, 106 Marine, size of, 97 Miles of navigable waters, 157 Miles of railroad in, 157 Militia, force of the, 162 Mining in, 103 Mints and assay offices, 67 Most level States of the, 176 National cemeteries of, 159 Number of occupations in, 136 Oldest settlements, 61-62 Railway speed in, 28 Rates of interest in, 63 Senators and Representatives, 177 Ship building in, 17-18 Signal service, 143 Tin mines in, 58 Treaties of with China, 126-127 Vast possessions of, 93 Wages in, 17 Wealth of, 42, 98

“Unless you can muse,” etc., 119

Utah, woman suffrage in, 166