Part 1

# The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine (May 1913): Vol. LXXXVI. New Series: Vol. LXIV. May to October, 1913 ### By Various

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Transcriber’s Notes

This e-text is based on ‘The Century Illustrated Monthly Magazine,’ from May 1913. Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation have been retained, but punctuation and typographical errors have been corrected. However, passages in English dialect and in languages other than English have not been altered.

Italic text is represented by _underscores_; small caps are symbolised by ~tilde characters~.

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THE CENTURY

ILLUSTRATED MONTHLY

MAGAZINE

VOL. LXXXVI NEW SERIES: VOL. LXIV MAY TO OCTOBER, 1913

[Illustration]

THE CENTURY CO., NEW YORK

HODDER & STOUGHTON, LONDON

Copyright, 1913, by ~The Century Co.~

THE DE VINNE PRESS

INDEX

TO

THE CENTURY MAGAZINE

VOL. LXXXVI NEW SERIES: VOL. LXIV

PAGE

~Adams, John Quincy, in Russia.~ (Unpublished letters.) Introduction and notes by Charles Francis Adams. Portraits of John Quincy Adams and Madame de Staël 250

~After-Dinner Stories.~ An Anecdote of McKinley. _Silas Harrison_ 319

~After-the-War Series, The Century’s.~ The Hayes-Tilden Contest for the Presidency. _Henry Watterson_ 3 Pictures from photographs and cartoons.

Another View of “The Hayes-Tilden Contest”. _George F. Edmunds_ 192 Portrait of Ex-Senator Edmunds.

~Americans, New-Made.~ Drawings by _W. T. Benda_ Facing page 894

~Artists Series, American, The Century’s.~ John S. Sargent: Nonchalance. 44 Carl Marr: The Landscape-Painter. 110 Frank W. Benson: My Daughter. 264

~Auto-Comrade, The~ _Robert Haven Schauffler_ 850

~Avocats, Les deux.~ From the painting by _Honoré Daumier_ Facing page 654

~Balkan Peninsula, Skirting the~ _Robert Hichens_

III. The Environs of Athens. 84 Pictures by Jules Guérin and from photographs.

IV. Delphi and Olympia. 224 Pictures by Jules Guérin and from photographs.

V. In Constantinople. 374 Pictures by Jules Guérin and from photographs.

VI. Stamboul, the City of Mosques. 519 Pictures by Jules Guérin, two printed in color.

~Beelzebub Came to the Convent, How~ _Ethel Watts Mumford_ 323 Picture by N. C. Wyeth.

“~Black Blood.~” _Edward Lyell Fox_ 213 Pictures by William H. Foster.

~Book of his Heart, The~ _Allan Updegraff_ 701 Picture by Herman Pfeifer.

~Borrowed Lover, The~ _L. Frank Tooker_ 348

~British Uncommunicativeness.~ _A. C. Benson_ 567

~Brother Leo.~ _Phyllis Bottome_ 181 Pictures by W. T. Benda.

~Business in the Orient.~ _Harry A. Franck_ 475

~Camilla’s First Affair.~ _Gertrude Hall_ 400 Pictures by Emil Pollak-Ottendorff.

~Cartoons.~ Noise Extracted without Pain. _Oliver Herford_ 155 Foreign Labor. _Oliver Herford_ 477 Ninety Degrees in the Shade. _J. R. Shaver_ 477 A Boy’s Best Friend. _May Wilson Preston_ 634 “The Fifth Avenue Girl” and “A Bit of Gossip.” Sculpture by _Ethel Myers_ 635 The Child de Luxe. _Boardman Robinson_ 636 The “Elite” Bathing-Dress. _Reginald Birch_ 797 From Grave to Gay. _C. F. Peters_ 798 Died: Rondeau Rymbel. _Oliver Herford_ 955 A Triumph for the Fresh Air Fund. _F. R. Gruger_ 957 Newport Note. _Reginald Birch_ 960

~Casus Belli.~ 955

~Century, the, The Spirit of~ _Editorial_ 789

~Choate, Joseph H.~ From a charcoal portrait by _John S. Sargent_ Facing page 711

~Christmas, On Allowing the Editor to Shop Early for~ _Leonard Hatch_ 473

~Clown’s Rue.~ _Hugh Johnson_ 730 Picture, printed in tint, by H. C. Dunn.

~Cole’s (Timothy) Engravings of Masterpieces in American Galleries.~ Une Dame Espagnole. From the painting by _Fortuny_ 2

~Coming Sneeze, The~ _Harry Stillwell Edwards_ 368 Picture by F. R. Gruger.

~Common Sense in the White House.~ _Editorial_ 149

~Country Roads of New England.~ Drawings by _Walter King Stone_ 668

~Devil, The, his Due~ _Philip Curtiss_ 895

~Dinner of Herbs,” “Better is a.~ Picture by _Edmund Dulac_ Facing page 801

~Dormer-Window, the, The Country of~ _Henry Dwight Sedgwick_ 720 Pictures by W. T. Benda.

~Dorothy McK----, Portrait of~ _Wilhelm Funk_ 211

~Down-town in New York.~ Drawings by _Herman Webster_ 697

~Elephant Round-up, An~ _D. P. B. Conkling_ 236 Pictures from photographs.

~Elephants, Wild, Noosing~ _Charles Moser_ 240 Pictures from photographs.

~Elixir of Youth, The~ _Albert Bigelow Paine_ 21 Picture by O. F. Schmidt.

~Floods, The Great, in the Middle West~ _Editorial_ 148

~French Art, Examples of Contemporary.~ A Corner of the Table. From the painting by _Charles Chabas_ 83

~Garage in the Sunshine, A~ _Joseph Ernest_ 921 Picture by Harry Raleigh.

~Get Something by Giving Something Up, On How to~ _Simeon Strunsky_ 153

~“Ghosts,” “Dey Ain’t No”~ _Ellis Parker Butler_ 837 Pictures by Charles Sarka.

~Going Up.~ _Frederick Lewis Allen_ 632 Picture by Reginald Birch.

~Golf, Mind Versus Muscle in~ _Marshall Whitlatch_ 606

~Government, The Changing View of~ _Editorial_ 311

~Grand Cañon of the Colorado, The~ _Joseph Pennell_ 202 Six lithographs drawn from nature for “The Century.”

~Gutter-Nickel, The~ _Estelle Loomis_ 570 Picture by J. Montgomery Flagg.

~Hard Money, The Return to~ _Charles A. Conant_ 439 Portraits, and cartoons by Thomas Nast.

~Her Own Life.~ _Allan Updegraff_ 79

~Home.~ I. An Anonymous Novel. 801 Illustrations by Reginald Birch.

~Homer and Humbug.~ _Stephen Leacock_ 952

~Hyperbole in Advertising, On the Use of~ _Agnes Repplier_ 316

~Illusion of Progress, The~ _Kenyon Cox_ 39

~Impractical Man, The~ _Elliott Flower_ 549 Pictures by F. R. Gruger.

~International Club, the, On the Collapse of~ _G. K. Chesterton_ 151

~Japanese Child, a, The Training of~ _Frances Little_ 170 Pictures from photographs.

~Japan, the New, American Makers of~ _William Elliot Griffis_ 597 Pictures from photographs.

~Jefferson, Thomas.~ From the statue for the Jefferson Memorial in St. Louis by _Karl Bitter_ 27

~Juryman, the, The Mind of~ _Hugo Münsterberg_ 711

~Lady and her Book, the, On~ _Helen Minturn Seymour_ 315

~Lawlessness in Art.~ _Editorial_ 150

~Life After Death.~ _Maurice Maeterlinck_ 655

~Literature Factory.~ _E. P. Butler_ 638

~Louise.~ Color-Tone, from the marble bust by _Evelyn Beatrice Longman_ Facing page 766

~Love by Lightning.~ _Maria Thompson Daviess_ 641 Pictures, printed in tint, by F. R. Gruger.

~Mannering’s Men.~ _Marjorie L. C. Pickthall_ 427

~Man who did not Go to Heaven on Tuesday, The~ _Ellis Parker Butler_ 340

~Millet’s Return to his Old Home.~ _Truman H. Bartlett_ 332 Pictures from pastels by Millet.

~Money behind the Gun, The~ _Editorial_ 470

~Morgan’s, Mr., Personality~ _Joseph B. Gilder_ 459 Picture from photograph.

~Moving-picture, the, The Widening Field of~ _Charles B. Brewer_ 66 Pictures from photographs.

~Mrs. Longbow’s Biography.~ _Gordon Hall Gerould_ 56

~Nemours: A Typical French Provincial Town.~ _Roger Boutet de Monvel_ 844 Pictures by Bernard Boutet de Monvel.

~Newspaper Invasion of Privacy.~ _Editorial_ 310

~Niagara again in Danger.~ _Editorial_ 150

~Noteworthy Stories of the Last Generation.~ The Tachypomp. _Edward P. Mitchell_ 99 Portrait of the author, and drawings by Reginald Birch. Belles Demoiselles Plantation. _George W. Cable_ 273 With portrait of the author, and new pictures by W. M. Berger. The New Minister’s Great Opportunity. _C. H. White_ 390 With portrait of the author, and new picture by Harry Townsend.

~One Way to make Things Better.~ _Editorial_ 471

~Oregon Muddle,” “The~ _Victor Rosewater_ 764

~Paderewski at Home.~ _Abbie H. C. Finck_ 900 Picture from a portrait by Emil Fuchs.

~Paris.~ _Theodore Dreiser_ 904 Pictures by W. J. Glackens.

“~Peggy.~” From the marble bust by _Evelyn Beatrice Longman_ 362

~Polo Team, Undefeated American, Bronze Group of the~ _Herbert Hazeltine_ Facing page 641

~Progressive Party, The~ _Theodore Roosevelt_ 826 Portrait of the author.

~Puns, A Paper of~ _Brander Matthews_ 290 Head-piece by Reginald Birch.

~Remington, Frederic, Recollections of~ _Augustus Thomas_ 354 Pictures by Frederic Remington, and portrait.

~Romain Rolland.~ _Alvan F. Sanborn_ 512 Picture from portrait of Rolland from a drawing by Granié.

~St. Bernard, The Great~ _Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg_ 161 Pictures by André Castaigne.

~St. Elizabeth of Hungary.~ By Francisco Zubarán. Engraved on wood by _Timothy Cole_ 437

~Scarlet Tanager, The.~ Printed in color from the painting by _Alfred Brennan_ 29

“~Schedule K~”. _N. I. Stone_ 111

~“Schedule K,” Comments on~ _Editorial_ 472

~Sculpture.~ _Charles Keck_ 917

~Senior Wrangler, The~ 958 Snobbery--America vs. England. Our Tender Literary Celebrities.

~Sigiriya, “The Lion’s Rock” of Ceylon.~ _Jennie Coker Gay_ 265 Pictures by Duncan Gay.

~Socialism in the Colleges.~ _Editorial_ 468

~Spinster, American, The~ _Agnes Repplier_ 363

~Summer Hills,” the, In “The Circuit of~ _John Burroughs_ 878 Portrait of the author by Alvin L. Coburn.

~Sunset on the Marshes.~ From the painting by _George Inness_ Facing page 824

“~Them Old Moth-eaten Lovyers~”. _Charles Egbert Craddock_ 120 Pictures by George Wright.

~Trade of the World Papers, The~ _James Davenport Whelpley_ XVII. If Canada were to Annex the United States 534 Pictures from photographs. XVIII. The Foreign Trade of the United States 886

~T. Tembarom.~ _Frances Hodgson Burnett_ 130, 296, 413, 610, 767, 929 Drawings by Charles S. Chapman.

~Two-billion-dollar Congress, The~ _Editorial_ 313

~Uncommercial Traveler, An, in London~ _Theodore Dreiser_ 736 Pictures by W. J. Glackens.

~Under which Flag, Ladies, Order or Anarchy?~ _Editorial_ 309

~Venezuela Dispute, the, The Monroe Doctrine in~ _Charles R. Miller_ 750 Cartoons from “Punch,” and a map.

~Verita’s Stratagem.~ _Anne Warner_ 430

~Voyage Over, The First~ _Theodore Dreiser_ 586 Pictures by W. J. Glackens.

~Wagner, Richard, If, Came Back~ _Henry T. Finck_ 208 Portrait of Wagner from photograph.

~Wall Street, The News in~ _James L. Ford_ 794 Pictures by Reginald Birch and May Wilson Preston.

~War against War.~ _Editorial_ 147

~War-horses of Famous Generals.~ _James Grant Wilson_ 45 Pictures from paintings and photographs.

~War Worth Waging, A~ _Richard Barry_ 31 Picture by Jay Hambidge.

~Washington, Fresh Light on~ 635

~Watterson’s, Colonel, Rejoinder to Ex-Senator Edmunds~ _Henry Watterson_ 285 Comments on “Another View of ‘The Hayes-Tilden Contest.’”

~Whistler, A Visit to~ _Maria Torrilhon Buel_ 694

~White Linen Nurse, The~ _Eleanor Hallowell Abbott_ 483, 672, 857 Pictures, printed in tint, by Herman Pfeifer.

~Widow, The.~ From the painting by _Couture_ 457 An example of French portraiture.

~World Reformers--and Dusters.~ _The Senior Wrangler_ 792 Picture by Reginald Birch.

~Year, The Most Important~ _Editorial_ 951

VERSE

~Ballade of Protest, A~ _Carolyn Wells_ 476

~Beggar, The~ _James W. Foley_ 877

~Belle Dame Sans Merci, La~ _John Keats_ 388 Republished with pictures by Stanley M. Arthurs.

~Blank Page, For a~ _Austin Dobson_ 458

~Brother Mingo Millenyum’s Ordination.~ _Ruth McEnery Stuart_ 475

~Continued in the Ads.~ _Sarah Redington_ 795

~Cubist Romance, A~ _Oliver Herford_ 318 Picture by Oliver Herford.

~Daddy Do-funny’s, Old, Wisdom Jingles~ _Ruth McEnery Stuart_ 154, 319, 478

~Double Star, A~ _Leroy Titus Weeks_ 511

~Emergency.~ _William Rose Benét_ 916

~Experimenters, the, To~ _Charles Badger Clark, Jr._ 43

~Finis.~ _William H. Hayne_ 295

~Gentle Reader, The~ _Arthur Davison Ficke_ 692

~House-without-Roof.~ _Edith M. Thomas_ 339

~Husband Shop, The~ _Oliver Herford_ 956 Picture by Oliver Herford.

~Invulnerable.~ _William Rose Benét_ 308

~Justice, At the Closed Gates of~ _James D. Corrothers_ 272

~Lady Clara Vere de Vere: New Style.~ _Anne O’Hagan_ 793 Picture by E. L. Blumenschein.

~Last Faun, The~ _Helen Minturn Seymour_ 717 Picture, printed in tint, by Charles A. Winter.

~Last Message, A~ _Grace Denio Litchfield_ 26

~Life’s Aspiration.~ _Louis Untermeyer_ 156 Drawing by George Wolfe Plank.

~Limericks.~: Text and pictures by Oliver Herford.

XXVII. The Somnolent Bivalve. 157 XXVIII. The Ounce of Detention. 158 XXIX. The Kind Armadillo. 320 XXX. The Gnat and the Gnu. 479 XXXI. The Sole-Hungering Camel. 480 XXXII. The Eternal Feminine. 639 XXXIII. Tra-la-Larceny. 640 XXXIV. The Conservative Owl. 799 XXXV. The Omnivorous Book-worm. 800

~Little People, The~ _Amelia Josephine Burr_ 387

~Maeterlinck, Maurice~ _Stephen Phillips_ 467

~Marvelous Munchausen, The~ _William Rose Benét_ 563 Pictures by Oliver Herford.

~May, from my Window.~ _Frances Rose Benét_ 155 Drawing by Oliver Herford.

~Message from Italy, A~ _Margaret Widdemer_ 547 Drawing printed in tint by W. T. Benda.

~Mother, The~ _Timothy Cole_ 920 Picture by Alpheus Cole.

~My Conscience.~ _James Whitcomb Riley_ 331 Decoration by Oliver Herford.

~Myself,” “I Sing of~ _Louis Untermeyer_ 960

~New Art, The~ _Corinne Rockwell Swain_ 156

~Noyes, Alfred, To~ _Edwin Markham_ 288

~Off Capri.~ _Sara Teasdale_ 223

~Parents, Our~ _Charles Irvin Junkin_ 959 Pictures by Harry Raleigh.

~Prayers for the Living.~ _Mary W. Plummer_ 367

~Ritual.~ _William Rose Benét_ 788

~Royal Mummy, To a~ _Anna Glen Stoddard_ 631

~Rymbels~: Pictures by Oliver Herford. The Girl and the Raspberry Ice. _Oliver Herford_ 637 The Yellow Vase. _Charles Hanson Towne_ 637 Tragedy. _Theodosia Garrison_ 638 “On Revient toujours à Son Premier Amour”. _Oliver Herford_ 638 A Rymbel of Rhymers. _Carolyn Wells_ 796 The Prudent Lover. _L. Frank Tooker_ 797 On a Portrait of Nancy. _Carolyn Wells_ 797

~Same Old Lure, The~ _Berton Braley_ 478

~Scarlet Tanager, To a~ _Grace Hazard Conkling_ 28

~Sierra Madre.~ _Henry Van Dyke_ 347

~Socratic Argument.~ _John Carver Alden_ 960

~Submarine Mountains.~ _Cale Young Rice_ 693

~Triolet, A~ _Leroy Titus Weeks_ 636

~Wine of Night, The~ _Louis Untermeyer_ 119

~Wingèd Victory.~ _Victor Whitlock_ 596 Photograph and decoration.

~Wise Saint, The~ _Herman Da Costa_ 798 Picture by W. T. Benda.

~Young Heart in Age, The~ _Edith M. Thomas_ 78

[Illustration]

[Illustration:

TIMOTHY COLE’S WOOD ENGRAVINGS OF MASTERPIECES IN AMERICAN GALLERIES

UNE DAME ESPAGNOLE BY FORTUNY ]

[Illustration: Owned by the Metropolitan Museum, New York

UNE DAME ESPAGNOLE. BY FORTUNY

(TIMOTHY COLE’S WOOD ENGRAVINGS OF MASTERPIECES IN AMERICAN GALLERIES)]

Copyright 1913, by ~The Century Co.~ All rights reserved.

~The Century Magazine~

~Vol. LXXXVI~ MAY, 1913 ~No. 1~

THE HAYES-TILDEN CONTEST FOR THE PRESIDENCY

INSIDE HISTORY OF A GREAT POLITICAL CRISIS

(THE CENTURY’S AFTER-THE-WAR SERIES)

BY HENRY WATTERSON

Editor of the Louisville “Courier-Journal”

I

The time is coming, if it has not already arrived, when among fair-minded and intelligent Americans there will not be two opinions touching the Hayes-Tilden contest for the Presidency in 1876-77--that both by the popular vote and a fair count of the electoral vote Tilden was elected and Hayes was defeated--but the whole truth underlying the determinate incidents which led to the rejection of Tilden and the seating of Hayes will never be known.

“All history is a lie,” observed Sir Robert Walpole, the corruptionist, mindful of what was likely to be written about himself, and, “What is history,” asked Napoleon, the conqueror, “but a fable agreed upon?”

In the first administration of Mr. Cleveland, there were present at a dinner-table in Washington, the President being of the party, two leading Democrats and two leading Republicans who had sustained confidential relations to the principals and played important parts in the drama of the Disputed Succession. These latter had been long upon terms of personal intimacy. The occasion was informal and joyous, the good-fellowship of the heartiest. Inevitably the conversation drifted to the Electoral Commission, which had counted Tilden out and Hayes in, and of which each of the four had some story to tell. Beginning in banter, with interchanges of badinage, it presently fell into reminiscence, deepening as the interest of the listeners rose to what under different conditions might have been described as unguarded gaiety, if not imprudent garrulity. The little audience was rapt. Finally, Mr. Cleveland raised both hands and exclaimed, “What would the people of this country think if the roof could be lifted from this house and they could hear these men!” And then one of the four, a gentleman noted for his wealth both of money and humor, replied, “But the roof is not going to be lifted from this house, and if any one repeats what I have said I will denounce him as a liar.”

Once in a while the world is startled by some revelation of the unknown which alters the estimate of an historic event or figure; but it is measurably true, as Metternich declares, that those who make history rarely have time to write it.

It is not my wish in recurring to the events of five-and-thirty years ago to invoke and awaken any of the passions of that time, nor my purpose to assail the character or motives of any of the leading actors. Most of them, including the principals, I knew well; to many of their secrets I was privy. As I was serving, in a sense, as Mr. Tilden’s personal representative in the Lower House of the Forty-fourth Congress, and as a member of the joint Democratic Advisory or Steering Committee of the two Houses, all that passed came more or less, if not under my supervision, yet to my knowledge; and long ago I resolved that certain matters should remain a sealed book in my memory. I make no issue of veracity with the living; the dead should be sacred. The contradictory promptings, not always crooked; the double constructions possible to men’s actions; the intermingling of ambition and patriotism beneath the lash of party spirit; often wrong unconscious of itself; sometimes equivocation deceiving itself; in short, the tangled web of good and ill inseparable from great affairs of loss and gain, made debatable ground for every step of the Hayes-Tilden proceeding.

I shall bear sure testimony to the integrity of Mr. Tilden. I directly know that the Presidency was offered to him for a price and that he refused it; and I indirectly know and believe that two other offers came to him which also he declined. The accusation that he was willing to buy, and through the cipher despatches and other ways tried to buy, rests upon appearance supporting mistaken surmise. Mr. Tilden knew nothing of the cipher despatches until they appeared in the “New-York Tribune.” Neither did Mr. George W. Smith, his private secretary, and later one of the trustees to his will. It should be sufficient to say that, so far as they involved No. 15 Gramercy Park, they were the work solely of Colonel Pelton, acting on his own responsibility, and, as Mr. Tilden’s nephew, exceeding his authority to act; that it later developed that during this period Colonel Pelton had not been in his perfect mind, but was at least semi-irresponsible; and that on two occasions when the vote or votes sought seemed within reach, Mr. Tilden interposed to forbid. Directly and personally, I know this to be true.

The price, at least in patronage, which the Republicans actually paid for possession is of public record. Yet I not only do not question the integrity of Mr. Hayes, but I believe him, and most of those immediately about him, to have been high-minded men who thought they were doing for the best in a situation unparalleled and beset with perplexity. What they did tends to show that men will do for party and in concert what the same men never would be willing to do each on his own responsibility. In his “Life of Samuel J. Tilden,” John Bigelow says:

Why persons occupying the most exalted positions should have ventured to compromise their reputations by this deliberate consummation of a series of crimes which struck at the very foundations of the Republic, is a question which still puzzles many of all parties who have no charity for the crimes themselves. I have already referred to the terrors and desperation with which the prospect of Tilden’s election inspired the great army of office-holders at the close of Grant’s administration. That army, numerous and formidable as it was, was comparatively limited. There was a much larger and justly influential class who were apprehensive that the return of the Democratic party to power threatened a reactionary policy at Washington, to the undoing of some or all the important results of the war. These apprehensions were inflamed by the party press until they were confined to no class, but more or less pervaded all the Northern States. The Electoral Tribunal, consisting mainly of men appointed to their positions by Republican Presidents, or elected from strong Republican States, felt the pressure of this feeling, and from motives compounded in more or less varying proportions of dread of the Democrats, personal ambition, zeal for their party, and respect for their constituents, reached the conclusion that the exclusion of Tilden from the White House was an end which justified whatever means were necessary to accomplish it. They regarded it like the emancipation of the slaves, as a war measure.

[Illustration: PRESIDENT AND MRS. HAYES IN 1877, AT THE TIME OF THEIR SILVER WEDDING]

II

The nomination of Horace Greeley in 1872 and the overwhelming defeat that followed left the Democratic party in an abyss of despair. The old Whig party, after the disaster that overtook it in 1852, had been not more demoralized. Yet in the general elections of 1874 the Democrats swept the country, carrying many Northern States and sending a great majority to the Forty-fourth Congress.

Reconstruction was breaking down of its very weight and rottenness. The panic of 1873 reacted against the party in power. Dissatisfaction with Grant, which had not sufficed two years before to displace him, was growing apace. Favoritism bred corruption, and corruption grew more and more defiant. Succeeding, scandals cast their shadows before. Chickens of “carpet-baggery” let loose upon the South were coming home to roost at the North. There appeared everywhere a noticeable subsidence of the sectional spirit and a rising tide of the national spirit. Reform was needed alike in the State governments and the National government, and the cry for reform proved something other than an idle word. All things made for Democracy.

[Illustration: From a photograph by W. Kurtz

SAMUEL J. TILDEN, GOVERNOR OF NEW YORK, 1875-76]

Yet there were many and serious handicaps. The light and leading of the historic Democratic party which had issued from the South were in obscurity and abeyance, while most of those surviving who had been distinguished in the party conduct and counsels were disabled by act of Congress. Of the few prominent Democrats left at the North, many were tainted by what was called Copperheadism (sympathy with the Confederacy). To find a chieftain wholly free from this contamination, Democracy, having failed of success in presidential campaigns not only with Greeley but with McClellan and Seymour, was turning to such disaffected Republicans as Chase, Field, and Davis of the Supreme Court. At last Heaven seemed to smile from the clouds upon the disordered ranks and to summon thence a man meeting the requirements of the time. This was Samuel Jones Tilden.

[Illustration: From a photograph owned by F. H. Meserve

SENATOR ZACHARIAH CHANDLER

Chairman of the Republican National Committee in the Hayes-Tilden campaign.]

To his familiars, Mr. Tilden was a dear old bachelor who lived in a fine old mansion in Gramercy Park. Though sixty years of age, he seemed in the prime of his manhood; a genial and overflowing scholar; a trained and earnest doctrinaire; a public-spirited, patriotic citizen, well known and highly esteemed, who had made fame and fortune at the bar and had always been interested in public affairs. He was a dreamer with a genius for business, a philosopher yet an organizer. He pursued the tenor of his life with measured tread. His domestic fabric was disfigured by none of the isolation and squalor which so often attend the confirmed celibate. His home life was a model of order and decorum, his home as unchallenged as a bishopric, its hospitality, though select, profuse and untiring. An elder sister presided at his board, as simple, kindly, and unostentatious, but as methodical as himself. He was a lover of books rather than music and art, but also of horses and dogs and out-of-door activity. He was fond of young people, particularly of young girls; he drew them about him, and was a veritable Sir Roger de Coverley in his gallantries toward them and his zeal in amusing them and making them happy. His tastes were frugal and their indulgence was sparing. He took his wine not plenteously, though he enjoyed it--especially his “blue seal” while it lasted--and sipped his whisky-and-water on occasion with a pleased composure redolent of discursive talk, of which, when he cared to lead the conversation, he was a master. He had early come into a great legal practice and held a commanding professional position. His judgment was believed to be infallible; and it is certain that after 1871 he rarely appeared in the courts of law except as counselor, settling in chambers most of the cases that came to him.

[Illustration: From a photograph by Sherman & McHugh

CONGRESSMAN ABRAM S. HEWITT

Chairman of the Democratic National Committee in the Hayes-Tilden campaign.]