Part II
. p. 25.
[20] Report, p. 59.
[21] Ibid, 57.
[22] Report 54.
[23] "We shall use the general term of methodism, to designate these three classes of fanatics, [Arminian and Calvinistic methodists, and the _evangelical_ clergymen of the church of England] not troubling ourselves to point out the finer shades, and nicer discriminations of lunacy, but treating them all as in one general conspiracy against common sense, and rational orthodox christianity."--_Edinburgh Review, Jan. 1808, p. 342._
[24] Traite Medico-Philosophique sur l'Alienation Mentale, 8vo. Paris, an. 9, p. 47.
[25] The late Reverend Dr. Willis.
[26] With respect to the persons, called Keepers, who are placed over the insane, public hospitals have generally very much the advantage. They are there better paid, which makes them more anxious to preserve their situations by attention and good behaviour: and thus they acquire some experience of the disease. But it is very different in the private receptacles for maniacs. They there procure them at a cheaper rate; they are taken from the plough, the loom, or the stable; and sometimes this tribe consists of decayed smugglers, broken excisemen, or discharged sheriffs' officers:
"All that at home no more can beg or steal."
How well such a description of persons is calculated to regulate and direct the conduct of an insane gentleman may be easily conjectured. If any thing could add to the calamity of mental derangement, it would be the mode which is generally adopted for its cure. Although an office of some importance and great responsibility, it is held as a degrading and odious employment, and seldom accepted but by idle and disorderly persons.
[27] Vide Cullen, First Lines, vol. iv. p. 154.
[28] "_D'uno luogo chiamato Timarahane, dove si castigano i matti._
"In Costantinopoli fece fare un luogo Sultan Paiaxit dove si dovessero menare i pazzi, accioche non andassero per la citta, facendo pazzie, et e fatto a modo d'uno Spedale, dove sono circa cento cinquanta guardiani in loro custodia, et sonvi medicine, et altre cose per loro bisogni, e i detti guardiani vanno per la citta con bastoni cercando i matti, et quando ne truovano alcuno, lo'ncatenano per il collo con cathene di ferro, et per le mani, et a suon di bastoni lo menano al detto luogo, et quivi gli mettono una catena al collo assai maggiore, che e posta nel muro, et viene sopra del letto, tal mente che nel letto per il collo tutti gli tengono incatenati, et vene saranno per ordine, lontano l'uno dall'altro numero di quaranta, i quali per piacere di quelli della citta molte volte sono visitati, et di continovo col bastone i guardiani gli stanno appresso: Percio che non essendovi guastano i letti, et tiransi le tavole l'uno a l'altro: et venuta l'hora del mangiare, i guardiani gli vanno esaminando tutti per ordine, et trovando alcuno, che non istia in buon proposito, crudelmente lo battono, et se a caso truovano alcuno, che non faccia piu pazzie, gli banno miglior cura, che a gli altri." _J. Costumi et la vita de Turchi di Gio. Antonio Menavino Genovese da Vultri, 12mo, in Fiorenza, 1551._
[29] Traite sur la Mania, page 103.
[30] The frequent recurrence of any propensity leads, by sure steps, to the final adjustment of the character; and even when the propensity is ideal, the repetition of the fits will, in the end, invest fancy with the habitudes of nature.--_Criticism on the Elegy written in a Country Church Yard, p. 3._
[31] Remarks on Dr. Batties' Treatise on Madness, p. 38.
[32] Dr. Cox, Practical Observations on Insanity, p. 28.
[33] Dr. John Monro's Remarks on Dr. Battie, p. 39.
[34] Vide Dr. Cox's _Practical_ Obs. on Insanity, p. 42.
[35] It is a painful recollection to recur to the number of interesting females I have seen, who, after having suffered a temporary disarrangement of mind, and undergone the brutal operation of _spouting_, in private receptacles for the insane, have been restored to their friends without a front tooth in either jaw. Unfortunately the task of forcing patients to take food or medicines is consigned to the rude hand of an ignorant and unfeeling servant: it should always be performed by the master or mistress of the mad-house, whose reputations ought to be responsible for the personal integrity of the unhappy beings committed to their care.
[36] Dr. Cox.
[37] See Dr. Cox's Advertisement prefixed to his book.
[38] Vide Report from the select committee appointed to enquire into the state of lunatics, page 25.
[39] Remarks on Dr. Batties' Treatise on Madness.
[40] See Dr. Cox, page 102.
[41] Dr. Cox, p. 61.
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