Part 17

SHEEN, sh[=e]n, _n._ brightness or splendour.--_adj._ (_obs._) bright, shining.--_v.i._ (_arch._) to shine, glitter.--_adj._ SHEEN'Y, shining, beautiful. [A.S. _scéne_, _scýne_, fair; Dut. _schoon_, Ger. _schön_, beautiful; prob. from the root of A.S. _sceáwian_, to look at.]

SHEENY, sh[=e]n'i, _n._ (_slang_) a sharp fellow, a cheat, a Jewish dealer.--_adj._ cheating.

[Illustration]

SHEEP, sh[=e]p, _n.sing._ and _pl._ the well-known ruminant mammal covered with wool: leather made from sheep-skin: a silly and timid fellow.--_ns._ SHEEP'-B[=I]T'ER (_Shak._), one who practises petty thefts; SHEEP'-B[=I]T'ING, robbing those under one's care, like an ill-trained shepherd-dog; SHEEP'-COTE, an enclosure for sheep; SHEEP'-DOG, a dog trained to watch sheep: (_slang_) a chaperon.--_adj._ SHEEP'-FACED, sheepish, bashful.--_ns._ SHEEP'-FARM'ER, SHEEP'-FOLD, a fold or enclosure for sheep: a flock of sheep; SHEEP'-HEAD, SHEEP'S'-HEAD, a fool, a stupid and timid person: an American fish of the family _Sparidæ_, allied to the perches, so called from the shape and colour of the head; SHEEP'-HOOK, a shepherd's crook.--_adj._ SHEEP'ISH, like a sheep: bashful: foolishly diffident.--_adv._ SHEEP'ISHLY.--_ns._ SHEEP'ISHNESS; SHEEP'-LOUSE, a parasitic dipterous insect; SHEEP'-MAR'KET, a place where sheep are sold; SHEEP'-MAS'TER, a master or owner of sheep; SHEEP'-PEN, an enclosure for sheep; SHEEP'-PEST, the sheep-tick; SHEEP'-POX, a contagious eruptive disease of sheep, variola ovina; SHEEP'-RUN, a tract of grazing country for sheep; SHEEP'S'-EYE, a modest, diffident look: a loving, wishful glance; SHEEP'S'-FOOT, a printer's tool with a claw at one end for prizing up forms; SHEEP'-SHANK (_Scot._), the shank of a sheep--hence something slender and weak: a nautical knot for temporarily shortening a rope; SHEEP'-SHEARER, one who shears sheep; SHEEP'-SHEARING; SHEEP'-SHEARS, a kind of shears used for shearing sheep; SHEEP'-SIL'VER, money formerly paid by tenants for release from the service of washing the lord's sheep; SHEEP'-SKIN, the skin of a sheep: leather prepared from the skin of a sheep: a deed engrossed on sheep-skin parchment; SHEEP'-STEAL'ER; SHEEP'-STEAL'ING; SHEEP'S'-WOOL, a valuable Florida sponge; SHEEP'-TICK, an insect which attacks the sheep, sucking its blood and raising a tumour; SHEEP'WALK, the place where the sheep pasture; SHEEP'-WASH, a lotion for vermin on the sheep, or to preserve its wool--also SHEEP'-DIP; SHEEP'-WHIS'TLING, tending sheep.--BLACK SHEEP, the disreputable member of a family or group. [A.S. _sceáp_; Ger. _schaf_.]

SHEER, sh[=e]r, _adj._ pure: unmingled: simple: without a break, perpendicular.--_adv._ clear: quite: at once. [Ice. _skærr_, bright; Ice. _skírr_, A.S. _scír_.]

SHEER, sh[=e]r, _v.i._ to deviate from the line of the proper course, as a ship: to turn aside.--_n._ the deviation from the straight line, or the longitudinal curve or bend of a ship's deck or sides.--_ns._ SHEER'-HULK, an old dismasted ship with a pair of sheers mounted on it for masting ships; SHEER'-LEG, one of the spars.--_n.pl._ SHEERS, an apparatus for hoisting heavy weights, having usually two legs or spars spread apart at their lower ends, and bearing at their tops, where they are joined, hoisting-tackle. [Perh. Dut. _scheren_, to cut, withdraw.]

SHEET, sh[=e]t, _n._ a large, thin piece of anything: a large, broad piece of cloth in a bed: a large, broad piece of paper: a sail: the rope fastened to the leeward corner of a sail to extend it to the wind.--_v.t._ to cover with, or as with, a sheet: to furnish with sheets: to form into sheets.--_ns._ SHEET'-COPP'ER, -[=I]'RON, -LEAD, -MET'AL, copper, iron, lead, metal in thin sheets.--_adj._ SHEET'ED, with a white band or belt.--_ns._ SHEET'-GLASS, a kind of crown-glass made at first in the form of a cylinder, cut longitudinally, and opened out into a sheet; SHEET'ING, cloth used for bed-sheets: the process of forming into sheets; SHEET'-LIGHT'NING, lightning appearing in sheets or having a broad appearance; SHEET'-WORK, press-work.--A SHEET (or THREE SHEETS) IN THE WIND, fuddled, tipsy; IN SHEETS (_print._), not folded, or folded but not bound. [A.S. _scéte_, _scýte_, a sheet--_sceótan_ (pa.t. _sceát_), to shoot, project.]

SHEET-ANCHOR, sh[=e]t'-angk'ur, _n._ the largest anchor of a ship, shot or thrown out in extreme danger: chief support: last refuge. [_Shoot_ and _anchor_.]

SHEIK, SHEIKH, sh[=e]k, _n._ a man of eminence, a lord, a chief: a title of learned or devout me _n._ [Ar. _sheikh_--_sh[=a]kha_, to be old.]

SHEILING, sh[=e]l'ing, _n._ Same as SHEALING.

SHEKEL, shek'l, _n._ a Jewish weight (about half-an-ounce avoirdupois) and coin (about 2s. 6d. sterling): (_pl._) money (_slang_). [Heb. from _sh[=a]qal_, to weigh.]

SHEKINAH, SHECHINAH, sh[=e]-k[=i]'na, _n._ the Divine presence which rested like a cloud or visible light over the mercy-seat. [Heb.,--_sh[=a]khan_, to dwell.]

SHELDRAKE, shel'dr[=a]k, _n._ a genus of birds of the Duck family _Anatidæ_, having the hind-toe free:--_fem._ SHEL'DUCK. [A.S. _scyld_, a shield, and _drake_.]

SHELF, shelf, _n._ a board fixed on a wall, &c., for laying things on: a flat layer of rock: a ledge: a shoal: a sandbank:--_pl._ SHELVES (shelvz).--_adj._ SHELF'Y.--PUT, LAY, ON THE SHELF, to put aside from duty or service. [A.S. _scylfe_, a plank, Ice. _skjálf_, a bench.]

SHELL, shel, _n._ a term applied to the hard outer covering or skeleton of many animals, to the internal skeleton of some invertebrates, and to the outer covering-of the eggs of various animals: any framework: the outer ear: a testaceous mollusc: any frail structure: a frail boat: a rough kind of coffin: an instrument of music: a bomb: a hollow projectile containing a bursting charge of gunpowder or other explosive ignited at the required instant by means of either time or percussion fuses: the thin coating of copper on an electrotype: an intermediate class in some schools.--_v.t._ to break off the shell: to remove the shell from: to take out of the shell: to throw shells or bombs upon, to bombard.--_v.i._ to fall off like a shell: to cast the shell.--_ns._ SHELLAC (she-lak', shel'ak), SHELL'-LAC, lac prepared in thin plates for making varnish, &c.--_v.t._ to coat with shellac.--_ns._ SHELL'-BACK, an old sailor, a barnacle; SHELL'-BARK, either of two North American hickories.--_adj._ SHELLED, having a shell, testaceous.--_ns._ SHELL'ER, one who shells or husks; SHELL'FISH, a popular term for many aquatic animals not fishes, esp. oysters, clams and all molluscs, and crustaceans such as crabs and lobsters; SHELL'-GUN, a cannon used for throwing shells, esp. horizontally: SHELL'-HEAP, a prehistoric accumulation of shells, &c., pointing back to a race that lived on shellfish; SHELL'-ICE, ice no longer supported by the water beneath; SHELL'-JACK'ET, an undress military jacket; SHELL'-LIME, lime procured from the shells of shellfish by burning; SHELL'-LIME'STONE, a limestone largely consisting of shells; SHELL'-MARL, a white earthy deposit, resulting from the accumulation of fragments of shells; SHELL'-MOUND, a shell-heap; SHELL'-OR'NAMENT, decoration in which any shell-form is prominent.--_adj._ SHELL'PROOF, proof against, or able to resist, shells or bombs.--_ns._ SHELL'-ROOM, a magazine on board ship where shells are stored; SHELL'-SAND, sand consisting in great part of fragments of shells, and often containing a small proportion of organic matter, a very useful manure for clay soils, heavy loams, and newly-reclaimed bogs; SHELL'WORK, work composed of or adorned with shells.--_adj._ SHELL'Y, consisting of a shell: testaceous.--SHELL OUT, (_slang_), to hand over, as money. [A.S. _scell_, _scyl_; Dut. _schel_, Ice. _skel_.]

SHELTA, shel'ta, _n._ a secret jargon of great antiquity spoken by Irish tinkers, beggars, and pipers.--Also _Shelr[=u]_, _Cainnt cheard_, _Gam cant_, _Bog-latin_. [_Shelr[=u]_, a perversion of the Irish _béulra_, language.]

SHELTER, shel't[.e]r, _n._ that which shields or protects: a refuge: a retreat, a harbour: protection.--_v.t._ to cover or shield: to defend: to conceal.--_v.i._ to take shelter.--_n._ SHEL'TERER.--_adjs._ SHEL'TERLESS; SHEL'TERY, affording shelter. [Orig. _sheltron_--A.S. _scyld-truma_, shield-troop--_scyld_, shield, _truma_, troop--_trum_, firm.]

SHELTY, SHELTIE, shel'ti, _n._ a Shetland pony. [Perh. a dim. of _Shetland pony_.]

SHELVE, shelv, _v.t._ to furnish with shelves: to place on a shelf; to put aside.--_n._ SHEL'VING, the furnishing with shelves: the act of placing on a shelf: shelves or materials for shelves.

SHELVE, shelv, _v.i._ to slope, incline.--_n._ a ledge.--_n._ SHEL'VING, a shelving place: (_rare_) a bank.--_adj._ SHEL'VY, sloping, shallow. [Prob. ult. from Ice. _skelgja-sk_, to come askew--_skjálgr_, wry.]

SHEMITIC. Same as SEMITIC.

SHEND, shend, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to disgrace, to reproach, to blame, also to overpower, to surpass:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shent. [A.S. _scendan_, to disgrace--A.S. _scand_, _sceand_ (Ger. _schande_), shame.]

SHE-OAK, sh[=e]'-[=o]k, _n._ one of several shrubs of the Australian genus _Casuarina_.

SHEOL, sh[=e]'[=o]l, _n._ the place of departed spirits. [Heb. _she'[=o]l_, a hollow place--_sh[=a]'al_, to dig out.]

SHEPHERD, shep'[.e]rd, _n._ one who herds sheep: a swain: a pastor:--_fem._ SHEP'HERDESS.--_v.t._ to tend as a shepherd: to watch over, protect the interests of, or one's own interests in.--_ns._ SHEP'HERDISM, pastoral life; SHEP'HERDLING, a little shepherd; SHEP'HERD'S-CROOK, a long staff, its upper end curved into a hook; SHEP'HERD'S-DOG, a dog specially trained to help in tending sheep, the collie or Scotch sheep-dog, &c.; SHEP'HERD'S-FLUTE, a flageolet or the like; SHEP'HERD'S-NEE'DLE, an annual plant, called also Venus's comb; SHEP'HERD'S-PLAID, -TAR'TAN, a woollen cloth made with black and white checks: this form of pattern itself; SHEP'HERD'S-POUCH, -PURSE, an annual cruciferous plant, with compressed, somewhat heart-shaped seed-vessel; SHEP'HERD'S-ROD, -STAFF, a small kind of teasel.--SHEPHERD KINGS (see HYKSOS).--THE GOOD SHEPHERD, a title of Jesus Christ (John, x. 11); THE SHEPHERDS, a sect of fanatical shepherds in France about 1251 A.D., eager to deliver the imprisoned Louis IX. [A.S. _sceáp-hyrde_. _Sheep_ and _herd_.]

SHEPPY, SHEPPEY, shep'i, _n._ (_prov_.) a sheep-cote.

SHERBET, sh[.e]r'bet, _n._ a drink of water and fruit juices, sweetened and flavoured. [Through Turk. from Ar. _sharbat_, a drink--_shariba_, he drinks.]

SHERD, sh[.e]rd, _n._ See SHARD.

SHERIF, SHEREEF, she-r[=e]f', _n._ a descendant of Mohammed through his daughter Fatima: a prince or ruler: the chief magistrate of Mecca. [Ar. _shar[=i]f_, noble, lofty.]

SHERIFF, sher'if, _n._ the governor of a shire: (_English law_) the chief officer of the crown in every county or shire, his duties being chiefly ministerial rather than judicial: (_Scots law_) the chief magistrate and judge of the county: in the United States the office of sheriff is mainly ministerial, his principal duties to maintain peace and order, attend courts, guard prisoners, serve processes, and execute judgments.--_ns._ SHER'IFFALTY, SHER'IFFDOM, SHER'IFFSHIP, the office or jurisdiction of a sheriff; SHER'IFF-CLERK, in Scotland the registrar of the sheriff's court, who has charge of the records of the court; SHER'IFF-DEP'UTE (_Scot._), the sheriff proper, so called since the abolition of the heritable jurisdictions in 1748 to distinguish him from the earlier heritable SHER'IFF-PRIN'CIPAL, whose title is now merged in that of the Lord-lieutenant; SHER'IFF-OFF'ICER, in Scotland, an officer connected with the sheriff's court, who is charged with arrests, the serving of processes, &c.; SHER'IFF-SUB'STITUTE, the acting sheriff in a Scotch county or city, like the sheriff-depute appointed by the crown, but unlike the sheriff-depute forced to reside within his judicial district, and forbidden to take other employment; UN'DER-SHER'IFF, the deputy of an English sheriff who performs the execution of writs. [A.S. _scir-geréfa_--_scir_ (Eng. _shire_), _geréfa_, a governor; cog. with Ger. _graf_, a count.]

SHERRIS, sher'is, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as SHERRY.

SHERRY, sher'i, _n._ a name derived from _Xeres_ or _Jerez_ de la Frontera, near Cadiz, and applied to the better kind of white wines grown in the neighbourhood of Xeres.--SHERRY COBBLER, a cobbler made with sherry.--NATURAL SHERRY, a sherry having from two to four per cent. of spirit added to make it keep.

SHET, shet, _adj._ (_U.S._) freed from.

SHETLANDER, shet'land-[.e]r, _n._ a native or inhabitant of _Shetland_.--SHETLAND LACE, an open-work ornamental trimming made with woollen yarn for shawls, &c.; SHETLAND PONY, a small sturdy and shaggy horse, usually nine to ten hands high, a shelty; SHETLAND WOOL, a thin but strong undyed worsted, spun from the wool of the sheep in the Shetland Islands, much used for knitting fine shawls, &c.

SHEUCH, SHEUGH, sh[=oo]h, or shyuh, _n._ (_Scot._) a ditch.

SHEVA, she-vä', _n._ a Hebrew point (:) written below its consonant, and indicating properly the absence of a vowel (_simple sheva_). It is either unsounded, as at the close of a syllable (_silent sheva_), or given a short breathing or neutral sound, as at the beginning of a syllable (_vocal sheva_). Sometimes it is compounded with the short vowels, forming _compound shevas_.

SHEW, sh[=o]. Same as SHOW.

SHEWBREAD, sh[=o]'bred. Same as SHOWBREAD.

SHIAH, sh[=e]'ä, _n._ a member of that Mohammedan sect which maintains that Ali, first cousin of Mohammed and husband of his daughter Fatima, was the first legitimate successor of the Prophet, rejecting the three califs of their opponents the Sunnis, as usurpers.--_n._ SHIISM (sh[=e]'izm). [Ar. _sh[=i]'a_, sect.]

SHIBBOLETH, shib'b[=o]-leth, _n._ (_B._) a test-word used by the Gileadites under Jephthah to detect the fleeing Ephraimites, who could not pronounce the _sh_ (Judges, xii. 4-6): the criterion or watchword of a party. [Heb., an ear of corn, or a stream.]

[Illustration]

SHIELD, sh[=e]ld, _n._ a broad plate worn for defence on the left arm: anything that protects: defence: a person who protects: the shield-shaped escutcheon used for displaying arms.--_v.t._ to defend: (_Shak._) to forfend, avert.--_v.i._ to be a shelter.--_ns._ SHIEL'DER; SHIELD'-FERN, a fern, so called from its shape.--_adj._ SHIELD'LESS, defenceless.--_adv._ SHIELD'LESSLY.--_n._ SHIELD'LESSNESS.--_adj._ SHIELD'-SHAPED, scutate. [A.S. _scyld_; Ger. _schild_, Ice. _skiöldr_, protection.]

SHIELING. See under SHEAL.

SHIFT, shift, _v.t._ to change in form or character: to put out of the way: to dress in fresh clothes.--_v.i._ to change about: to remove: to change one's clothes: to resort to expedients for some purpose: in violin-playing, to move the left hand from its original position next to the nut.--_n._ a change: in violin-playing, any position of the left hand except that nearest the nut: a squad or relay of men: a contrivance: an artifice: last resource: a chemise or woman's undermost garment (orig. signifying a change of body-linen).--_adj._ SHIFT'ABLE, capable of being shifted.--_ns._ SHIFT'ER, one who shifts: a trickster; SHIFT'INESS, the character of being shifty.--_adj._ SHIFT'ING, unstable: shifty.--_adv._ SHIFT'INGLY.--_adj._ SHIFT'LESS, destitute of shifts or expedients: unsuccessful, for want of proper means.--_adv._ SHIFT'LESSLY.--_n._ SHIFT'LESSNESS.--_adj._ SHIFT'Y, full of, or ready with, shifts, contrivances, or expedients.--SHIFT ABOUT, to vacillate: to turn quite round to the opposite point; SHIFT FOR ONE'S SELF, to provide for one's self; SHIFT OF CROPS, rotation of crops; SHIFT OFF, to defer: to put away.--MAKE SHIFT, to find ways and means of doing something, contrive. [A.S. _sciftan_, to divide, Ice. _skipta_.]

SHIITE, sh[=e]'[=i]t, _n._ the same as SHIAH (q.v.).--_adj._ SHIIT'IC.

SHIKAR, shi-kär', _n._ in India, hunting, sport.--_ns._ SHIKAR'EE, SHIKAR'I, a hunter. [Hind.]

SHIKO, shik'[=o], _n._ a posture of prostration in Burma.

SHILLALAH, shi-l[=a]'la, _n._ an oak sapling, the oak or blackthorn cudgel of the conventional Irishman.--Also SHILLE'LAH, SHILL[=A]'LY. [Prob. _Shillelagh_, an oak-wood in County Wicklow.]

SHILLING, shil'ing, _n._ an English silver coin=12 pence.--TAKE THE SHILLING, to enlist as a soldier by accepting the recruiting-officer's shilling--discontinued since 1879. [A.S. _scilling_; Ger. _schilling_.]

SHILLY-SHALLY, shil'i-shal'i, _adv._ in silly hesitation.--_n._ foolish trifling: irresolution.--_v.i._ to hesitate.--_n._ SHILL'Y-SHALL'IER, an irresolute person. [A reduplication of '_Shall I?_']

SHILPIT, shil'pit, _adj._ (_Scot._) weak, washy: feeble-looking. [Ety. dub.]

SHILY, same as SHYLY. See SHY.

SHIM, shim, _n._ (_mach._) a thin slip used to fill up space caused by wear.--_v.t._ to wedge up. [Ety. dub.]

SHIMMER, shim'[.e]r, _v.i._ to gleam tremulously, to glisten.--_ns._ SHIMM'ER, SHIMM'ERING, a tremulous gleam. [A.S. _scimrian_--_scíman_, to shine; Ger. _schimmern_.]

SHIN, shin, _n._ the large bone of the leg or the forepart of it: a bird's shank.--_v.i._ to climb a tree (with _up_): to tramp, trudge.--_v.t._ to climb a tree by swarming up it: to kick on the shins.--_ns._ SHIN'-BONE, the tibia; SHIN'-PIECE, a piece of armour defending the forepart of the leg; SHIN'-PLAS'TER (_U.S._), a patch of brown-paper steeped in vinegar, &c., laid on a sore: a small paper note or promise to pay. [A.S. _scina_, the shin (esp. in the compound _scin-bán_, shin-bone); Dut. _scheen_, Ger. _schiene_.]

SHIN, shin, _n._ a god, or the gods: the term used by Protestant missionaries in Japan and China for the Supreme Being.

SHINDY, shin'di, _n._ the game of shinty, shinny, bandy-ball, or hockey: (_slang_) a row, disturbance.--KICK UP A SHINDY, to make a disturbance.

SHINE, sh[=i]n, _v.i._ to beam with steady radiance: to glitter: to be bright or beautiful: to be eminent.--_v.t._ to cause to shine:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shone (shon), (_B._) sh[=i]ned.--_adj._ (_Spens._) bright.--_n._ brightness: splendour: fair weather: (_slang_) disturbance, row, a trick.--_n._ SH[=I]'NER, that which shines: (_slang_) a coin, esp. a sovereign: a small American fresh-water fish.--_adj._ SH[=I]'NING.--_adv._ SH[=I]'NINGLY.--_n._ SH[=I]'NINGNESS.--_adj._ SH[=I]'NY, clear, unclouded: glossy.--CAUSE, or MAKE, THE FACE TO SHINE (_B._), to be propitious; TAKE THE SHINE OUT OF (_slang_), to outshine, eclipse. [A.S. _scínan_; Ger. _scheinen_.]

SHINGLE, shing'gl, _n._ wood sawed or split thin, used instead of slates or tiles, for roofing houses: (_U.S._) a small sign-board or plate.--_v.t._ to cover with shingles: to crop the hair very close.--_adjs._ SHING'LED, SHING'LE-ROOFED, having the roof covered with shingles.--_ns._ SHING'LER; SHING'LING. [Low L. _scindula_, a wooden tile--L. _scind[)e]re_, to split.]

SHINGLE, shing'gl, _n._ the coarse gravel on the shores of rivers or of the sea.--_adj._ SHING'LY. [Orig. _single_--Norw. _singel_, _singling_, shingle--_singla_, freq. of _singa_, to ring.]

SHINGLES, shing'glz, _n._ popular name for the disease _Herpes zoster_. [A corr. of L. _cingulum_, a belt or girdle--_cing[)e]re_, to gird.]

SHINNY, shin'i, _n._ the game of bandy-ball or hockey. [Prob. Gael, _sinteag_, a bound.]

SHINTI-YAN, shin'ti-yan, _n._ the loose drawers worn by Moslem women.--Also SHIN'TIGAN.

SHINTO, shin't[=o], _n._ the system of nature and hero worship forming the indigenous religion of Japan.--_ns._ SHIN'T[=O]ISM; SHIN'T[=O]IST. [Jap.,=Chin. _shin tao_--_shin_, god, _tao_, way, doctrine.]

SHINTY, shin'ti, _n._ Same as SHINNY.

SHIP, ship, _n._ a vessel having three masts, with tops and yards to each: generally, any large sea-going vessel.--_v.t._ to put on board a ship: to engage for service on board a ship: to transport by ship: to fix in its place.--_v.i._ to engage for service on shipboard:--_pr.p._ ship'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ shipped.--_ns._ SHIP'-BIS'CUIT, hard biscuit for use on shipboard; SHIP'BOARD, the deck or side of a ship; SHIP'-BOY, a boy that serves on board a ship; SHIP'-BREAK'ER, one who breaks up vessels no longer fit for sea; SHIP'-BROK'ER, a broker who effects sales, insurance, &c. of ships; SHIP'BUILDER, one whose occupation is to construct ships; SHIP'BUILDING; SHIP'-CANAL', a canal large enough to admit the passage of sea-going vessels; SHIP'-CAP'TAIN, one who commands a ship; SHIP'-CAR'PENTER, a carpenter who works at shipbuilding; SHIP'-CHAND'LER, a dealer in cordage, canvas, and other ship furniture or stores; SHIP'-CHAND'LERY, the business wares of a ship-chandler; SHIP'-F[=E]'VER, typhus fever, as common on board crowded ships; SHIP'FUL, as much or as many as a ship will hold; SHIP'-HOLD'ER, a ship-owner; SHIP'-LETT'ER, a letter sent by a vessel which does not carry mails; SHIP'-LOAD, the load or cargo of a ship; SHIP'MAN, a sailor:--_pl._ SHIP'MEN; SHIP'MASTER, the captain of a ship; SHIP'MATE, a companion in the same ship; SHIP'MENT, act of putting on board ship: embarkation: that which is shipped; SHIP'-MON'EY, a tyrannical tax imposed by the king on seaports, revived without authorisation of parliament by Charles I. in 1634-37; SHIP'-OF-THE-LINE, before steam navigation, a man-of-war large enough to take a place in a line of battle; SHIP'-OWN'ER, the owner of a ship or ships.--_adj._ SHIPPED (_Shak._), furnished with a ship or ships.--_ns._ SHIP'PER; SHIP'PING, ships collectively: tonnage: (_Shak._) a voyage; SHIP'PING-[=A]G'ENT, the agent of a vessel or line of vessels to whom goods are consigned for shipment.--_n.pl._ SHIP'PING-ART'ICLES, articles of agreement, between the captain and his crew.--_ns._ SHIP'PING-BILL, invoice of goods embarked; SHIP'PING-MAS'TER, the official who witnesses signature by the sailors of the articles of agreement; SHIP'PING-OFF'ICE, the office of a shipping-agent, or of a shipping-master; SHIP'-POUND, a unit of weight in the Baltic ports; SHIP'-RAIL'WAY, a railway by means of which vessels can be carried overland from one body of water to another.--_adjs._ SHIP'-RIGGED (_naut._), rigged like a ship, having three masts with square sails and spreading yards; SHIP'SHAPE, in a seaman-like manner: trim, neat, proper.--_ns._ SHIP'S'-HUS'BAND, the owner's agent in the management of a ship; SHIP'-TIRE (_Shak._), a sort of head-dress, whether from its streamers or its general likeness to a ship; SHIP'-WAY, the supports forming a sliding-way for the building, repairing, and launching of vessels; SHIP'-WORM, a genus (_Teredo_) of worm-like molluscs which perforate and live in timber, lining the cavity or tube with a calcareous encrustation; SHIP'WRECK, the wreck or destruction of a ship: destruction.--_v.t._ to destroy on the sea: to make to suffer wreck.--_ns._ SHIP'WRIGHT, a wright or carpenter who constructs ships; SHIP'YARD, a yard where ships are built or repaired.--SHIP A SEA, to have a wave come aboard; SHIP'S PAPERS, documents required for the manifestation of the property of a ship and cargo; SHIP THE OARS (see OAR).--ABOUT SHIP! an exclamation to pull in the sheet preparatory to changing a ship's course during a tack; MAKE SHIPWRECK OF, to ruin, destroy; ON SHIPBOARD, upon or within a ship; TAKE SHIP, or SHIPPING, to embark. [A.S. _scip_--_scippan_, to make--_scapan_, to shape; Goth. _skip_, Ice. _skip_, Ger. _schiff_.]

SHIPPEN, ship'n, _n._ (_prov._) a stable.--Also SHIP'PON.

SHIPPO, ship-p[=o]', _n._ Japanese enamel, cloisonné.

SHIPTON, ship'ton, _n._ usually 'Mother Shipton,' a famous prophetess of popular English tradition, born near Knaresborough in 1488.

SHIRAZ, sh[=e]-räz', _n._ a Persian wine. [_Shiraz_.]

SHIRE, sh[=i]r, shir (in county-names), _n._ a county, one of the larger divisions of England for political purposes--originally a division of the kingdom under a sheriff, the deputy of the ealdorman: a term also surviving as applied to certain smaller districts in England, as Richmondshire and Hallamshire.--_ns._ SHIRE'MAN, a sheriff; SHIRE'-MOOT, SHIRE'-MOTE, formerly in England a court of the county held periodically by the sheriff together with the bishop or the ealdorman. [A.S. _scir_, _scire_, a county, _sciran_, a secondary form of _sceran_, to cut off.]

SHIRK, sh[.e]rk, _v.t._ to avoid, get off or slink away from.--_n._ SHIR'KER.--_adj._ SHIR'KY. [A form of _shark_.]

SHIRL, sh[.e]rl, _v.i._ (_prov._) to slide.

SHIRR, SHIR, sh[.e]r, _n._ a puckering made in a fabric by parallel gathering-threads.--_v.t._ to produce such.--_adj._ SHIRRED, having lines or cords inserted between the threads, as in certain elastic fabrics.--_ns._ SHIRR'ING, decorative-shirred needlework; SHIRR'ING-STRING, a cord used to gather the threads together in shirred-work. [Ety. dub.]

SHIRT, sh[.e]rt, _n._ a short garment worn next the body by men: an interior lining in a blast-furnace.--_v.t._ to cover as with a shirt.--_ns._ SHIRT'-FRILL, a fine cambric frill worn in the early years of the 19th century on the breast of the shirt; SHIRT'-FRONT, that part of the shirt which is open and covers the breast, generally of finer material, starched stiffly; SHIRT'ING, cloth for shirts: shirts collectively.--_adj._ SHIRT'LESS, without a shirt.--_ns._ SHIRT'-SLEEVE, the sleeve of a shirt; SHIRT'-WAIST, a woman's overgarment or blouse, coming to the waist and belted there.--BLOODY SHIRT, a blood-stained shirt, as the symbol of murder; BOILED SHIRT, a white shirt clean washed; IN ONE'S SHIRT-SLEEVES, without the coat. [Scand.; Ice. _skyrta_--_skortr_, shortness.]

SHIST, &c. See SCHIST, &c.

SHITEPOKE, sh[=i]t'p[=o]k, _n._ the North American small green heron.

SHITTAH, shit'a, _n._ a tree whose durable wood--SHITTIM WOOD--was used in the construction of the Jewish Tabernacle and its furniture--prob. the _Acacia seyal_. [Heb. _shittah_, pl. _shitt[=i]m_.]

SHIVAREE, shiv'a-r[=e], _v.t._ (_U.S._) to give a mock serenade to.--Also _n._ [A corr. of _charivari_.]

SHIVE, sh[=i]v, _n._ (_Shak._) a slice, as of bread: a small bung for closing a wide-mouthed bottle. [Scand., Ice. _skífa_, a slice; Dut. _schijf_, Ger. _scheibe_.]

SHIVER, shiv'[.e]r, _n._ a splinter, or small piece into which a thing breaks by sudden violence.--_v.t._ to shatter.--_v.i._ to fall into shivers.--_n._ SHIV'ER-SPAR, a slaty calcite or calcium carbonate.--_adj._ SHIV'ERY, brittle.--SHIVER MY TIMBERS, a nautical imprecation. [Skeat explains _shiver_ as a dim. of the foregoing _shive_, a thin slice, the same as prov. Eng. _sheave_, a thin disc of wood, wheel of a pulley--Ice. _skífa_, a slice; Dut. _schijf_, Ger. _scheibe_.]

SHIVER, shiv'[.e]r, _v.i._ to shake or tremble: to shudder.--_v.t._ to cause to shake in the wind, as sails.--_n._ SHIV'ERING.--_adv._ SHIV'ERINGLY, with shivering or trembling.--_adj._ SHIV'ERY, inclined to shiver.--THE SHIVERS (_coll._), the ague, chills. [M. E. _chiveren_, a softened form of _kiveren_, supposed by Skeat to be a Scand. form of _quiver_, and a freq. of Ice. _kippa_, to pull, the spelling with sh being due to confusion with _shiver_ (_n._).]

SHIZOKU, sh[=e]-z[=o]'k[=oo], _n._ the two-sworded men of Japan, the gentry proper.

SHOAL, sh[=o]l, _n._ a great multitude of fishes swimming together.--_v.i._ to crowd.--_adv._ SHOAL'WISE, in shoals. [A.S. _scólu_, company--L. _schola_, school.]