Part 3

SALIX, s[=a]'liks, _n._ a genus of apetalous trees and shrubs, the willows. [L.]

SALLEE-MAN, sal'[=e]-man, _n._ a Moorish pirate.--Also SALL'EE-R[=O]'VER. [_Sallee_, on the coast of Morocco.]

SALLET, sal'et, _n._ a light kind of helmet of the 15th century, with projection behind, used by foot-soldiers. [O. Fr. _salade_, through It. _celata_, a helmet, from L. _cælata_, figured--_cæl[=a]re_, to engrave.]

SALLIE, sal'i, _n._ (_Scot._) a hired mourner at a funeral.

SALLOW, sal'[=o], _n._ a tree or low shrub of the willow kind--(_Scot._) SAUCH.--_adj._ SALL'OWY, abounding in sallows. [A.S. _sealh_; Ger. _sahl_.]

SALLOW, sal'[=o], _adj._ of a pale, yellowish colour.--_v.t._ to tinge with a sallow colour.--_adj._ SALL'OWISH, somewhat sallow.--_ns._ SALL'OW-KITT'EN, a kind of puss-moth; SALL'OW-MOTH, a British moth of a pale-yellow colour; SALL'OWNESS.--_adj._ SALL'OWY. [A.S. _salo_, _salu_; cf. Dut. _zaluw_, and Old High Ger. _salo_.]

SALLY, sal'i, _n._ a leaping or bursting out: a sudden rushing forth of troops to attack besiegers: excursion: outburst of fancy, wit, &c.: levity: a projection.--_v.i._ to rush out suddenly: to mount:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ sall'ied.--_n._ SALL'Y-PORT, a passage by which a garrison may make a sally: a large port for the escape of a crew when a fire-ship is set on fire. [Fr. _saillie_--_saillir_ (It. _salire_)--L. _salire_, to leap.]

SALLY, sal'i, _n._ a kind of stone-fly: a wren.--_n._ SALL'YPICK'ER, one of several different warblers.

SALLY-LUNN, sal'i-lun, _n._ a sweet spongy tea-cake. [From the name of a girl who sold them in the streets of Bath about the close of the 18th century.]

SALLY-WOOD, sal'i-w[=oo]d, _n._ willow-wood.

SALMAGUNDI, sal-ma-gun'di, _n._ a dish of minced meat with eggs, anchovies, vinegar, pepper, &c.: a medley, miscellany.--Also SALMAGUN'DY. [Fr. _salmigondis_--It. _salami_, pl. of _salame_, salt meat--L. _sal_, salt, _conditi_, pl. of _condito_, seasoned--L. _cond[=i]re_, _-[=i]tum_, to pickle.]

SALMI, SALMIS, sal'mi, _n._ a ragout of roasted woodcocks, &c., stewed with wine, morsels of bread, &c. [Fr. _salmis_--It. _salame_, salt meat.]

SALMIAC, sal'mi-ak, _n._ sal-ammoniac.

SALMON, sam'un, _n._ a large fish, brownish above, with silvery sides, the delicate flesh reddish-orange in colour--ascending rivers to spawn: the upper bricks in a kiln which receive the least heat.--_ns._ SAL'M[=O], the leading genus of _Salmonidæ_; SALM'ON-COL'OUR, an orange-pink; SALM'ONET, a young salmon; SALM'ON-FISH'ERY, a place where salmon-fishing is carried on; SALM'ON-FLY, any kind of artificial fly for taking salmon; SALM'ON-FRY, salmon under two years old; SALM'ONING, the salmon industry, as canning; SALM'ON-KILL'ER, a sort of stickleback; SALM'ON-LEAP, -LADD'ER, a series of steps to permit a salmon to pass up-stream.--_adj._ SALM'ONOID.--_ns._ SALM'ON-PEAL, -PEEL, a grilse under 2 lb.; SALM'ON-SPEAR, an instrument used in spearing salmon; SALM'ON-SPRING, a smolt or young salmon of the first year; SALM'ON-TACK'LE, the rod, line, and fly with which salmon are taken; SALM'ON-TROUT, a trout like the salmon, but smaller and thicker in proportion; SALM'ON-WEIR, a weir specially designed to take salmon.--BLACK SALMON, the great lake trout; BURNETT SALMON, a fish with reddish flesh like a salmon; CALVERED SALMON, pickled salmon; CORNISH SALMON, the pollack; KELP SALMON, a serranoid fish; KIPPERED SALMON, salmon salted and smoke-dried; QUODDY SALMON, the pollack; SEA SALMON, the pollack; WHITE SALMON, a carangoid Californian fish. [O. Fr. _saulmon_--L. _salmo_, from _sal[=i]re_, to leap.]

SALNATRON, sal-n[=a]'tron, _n._ crude sodium carbonate.

SALOMONIC. Same as SOLOMONIC.

SALON, sa-long', _n._ a drawing-room: a fashionable reception, esp. a periodic gathering of notable persons, in the house of some social queen: the great annual exhibition of works by living artists at the Palais des Champs Elysées in Paris. [Fr.]

SALOON, sa-l[=oo]n', _n._ a spacious and elegant hall or apartment for the reception of company, for works of art, &c.: a main cabin: a drawing-room car on a railroad: a liquor-shop.--_ns._ SALOON'IST, SALOON'-KEEP'ER, one who retails liquor. [Fr. _salon_--_salle_; Old High Ger. _sal_, a dwelling, Ger. _saal_.]

SALOOP, sa-l[=oo]p', _n._ a drink composed of sassafras tea, with sugar and milk. [_Salep_.]

SALOP. Same as SALEP.

SALOPIAN, sal-[=o]'pi-an, _adj._ pertaining to Shropshire (L. _Salopia_), as the ware, a name given to Roman pottery found in Shropshire.

SALPA, sal'pa, _n._ a remarkable genus of free-swimming Tunicates.--_adjs._ SAL'PIAN; SAL'PIFORM.

SALPICON, sal'pi-kon, _n._ stuffing, chopped meat. [Fr.]

SALPIGLOSSIS, sal-pi-glos'is, _n._ a genus of gamopetalous plants, native to Chili, with showy flowers resembling petunias, [Gr. _salpingx_, a trumpet, _gl[=o]ssa_, tongue.]

SALPINCTES, sal-pingk'tes, _n._ the rock-wrens. [Gr. _salpingkt[=e]s_, a trumpeter.]

SALPINGITIS, sal-pin-j[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of a Fallopian tube.--_adjs._ SALPINGIT'IC, SALPIN'GIAN, pertaining to a Fallopian or to a Eustachian tube.--_n._ SAL'PINX, a Eustachian tube or syrinx. [Gr. _salpingx_, a trumpet.]

SALPORNIS, sal-por'nis, _n._ a genus of creepers inhabiting Asia and Africa. [Gr. _salpingx_, a trumpet, _ornis_, a bird.]

SALSAGINOUS, sal-saj'i-nus, _adj._ saltish: growing in brackish places.

SALSAMENTARIOUS, sal-sa-men-t[=a]'ri-us, _adj._ (_obs._) salted.

SALSE, sals, _n._ a mud volcano: a conical hillock of mud. [Fr.,--L. _salsus_, _sal[=i]re_, to salt.]

SALSIFY, sal'si-fi, _n._ a biennial plant growing in meadows throughout Europe, whose long and tapering root has a flavour resembling asparagus--also SAL'SAFY--often called _Oyster-plant_.--BLACK SALSIFY, the related scorzonera. [Fr.,--It. _sassefrica_, goat's-beard--L. _saxum_, a rock, _fric[=a]re_, to rub.]

SALSILLA, sal-sil'a, _n._ one of several species of _Bomarea_, with edible tubers. [Sp., dim. of _salsa_, sauce.]

SALSOLA, sal's[=o]-la, _n._ a genus of plants, including the _salt-wort_ and _prickly glass-wort_.--_adj._ SALSOL[=A]'CEOUS. [L. _salsus_--_sal[=i]re_, to salt.]

SALT, sawlt, _n._ chloride of sodium, or common salt, a well-known substance used for seasoning, found either in the earth or obtained by evaporation from sea-water: anything like salt: seasoning: piquancy: abatement, modification, allowance: an experienced sailor: that which preserves from corruption: an antiseptic: (_chem._) a body composed of an acid and a base united in definite proportions, or of bromine, chlorine, fluorine, or iodine, with a metal or metalloid: (_obs._) lust.--_v.t._ to sprinkle or season with salt: to fill with salt between the timbers for preservation.--_adj._ containing salt: tasting of salt: overflowed with, or growing in, salt-water: pungent: lecherous: (_coll._) costly, expensive--_ns._ SALT'-BLOCK, a salt-evaporating apparatus; SALT'-BOTT'OM, a flat piece of ground covered with saline efflorescences: SALT'-BUSH, an Australian plant of the goose-foot family; SALT'-CAKE, the crude sodium sulphate occurring as a by-product in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid; SALT'-CAT, a mixture given as a digestive to pigeons; SALT'ER, one who salts, or who makes, sells, or deals in salt, as in _Drysalter_: a trout leaving salt-water to ascend a stream; SAL'TERN, salt-works; SALT'-FOOT, a large saltcellar marking the boundary between the superior and inferior guests; SALT'-GAUGE, an instrument for testing the strength of brine; SALT'-GLAZE, a glaze produced upon ceramic ware by putting common salt in the kilns after they have been fired.--_adj._ SALT'-GREEN (_Shak._), sea-green.--_ns._ SALT'-GROUP, a series of rocks containing salt, as the Onondaga salt-group; SALT'-HOLD'ER, a saltcellar; SALT'-HORSE, salted beef; SALT'IE, the salt-water fluke or dab; SALT'ING, the act of sprinkling with salt: the celebration of the Eton 'Montem.'--_adj._ SALT'ISH, somewhat salt.--_adv._ SALT'ISHLY, so as to be moderately salt.--_ns._ SALT'ISHNESS, a moderate degree of saltness; SALT'-JUNK, hard salt beef for use at sea.--_adj._ SALT'LESS, without salt: tasteless.--_n._ SALT'-LICK, a place to which animals resort for salt.--_adv._ SALT'LY.--_ns._ SALT'-MARSH, land liable to be overflowed by the sea or the waters of estuaries; SALT'-MARSH CAT'ERPILLAR, the hairy larva of an arctiid moth; SALT'-MARSH HEN, a clapper-rail; SALT'-MARSH TERR'APIN, the diamond-backed turtle; SALT'-MINE, a mine where rock-salt is obtained; SALT'NESS, impregnation with salt; SALT'-PAN, a pan, basin, or pit where salt is obtained or made; SALT'-PIT, a pit where salt is obtained; SALT'-RHEUM, a cutaneous eruption; SALTS, Epsom salt or other salt used as a medicine.--_adj._ SALT'-SLIV'ERED, slivered and salted, as fish for bait.--_ns._ SALT'-SPOON, a small spoon for serving salt at table; SALT'-SPRING, a brine-spring; SALT'-WA'TER, water impregnated with salt, sea-water; SALT'-WORKS, a place where salt is made; SALT'-WORT, a genus of plants of many species, mostly natives of salt-marshes and sea-shores, one only being found in Britain, the Prickly S., which was formerly burned for the soda it yielded.--_adj._ SALT'Y (same as SALTISH).--SALT A MINE, to deposit ore in it cunningly so as to deceive persons who inspect it regarding its value; SALT OF LEMON, or SORREL, acid potassium oxalate, a solvent for ink-stains; SALT OF SODA, sodium carbonate; SALT OF TARTAR, a commercial name for purified potassium carbonate; SALT OF VITRIOL, sulphate of zinc; SALT OF WORMWOOD, carbonate of potash.--ABOVE THE SALT, at the upper half of the table, among the guests of distinction; ATTIC SALT, wit; BELOW THE SALT, at the lower half of the table; BE NOT WORTH ONE'S SALT, not to deserve even the salt that gives relish to one's food; BRONZING SALT, used in burning gun-barrels; EPSOM SALTS, magnesium sulphate, a cathartic; ESSENTIAL SALTS, those produced from the juices of plants by crystallisation; GLAUBER'S SALT, or HORSE SALTS, a well-known cathartic, used in woollen dyeing; LAY SALT ON THE TAIL OF, to catch; NEUTRAL SALT, a salt in which the acid and the base neutralise each other; ROCHELLE SALT, sodium potassium tartrate, a laxative; SPIRITS OF SALT, the old name for muriatic or hydrochloric acid; TAKE WITH A GRAIN OF SALT, to believe with some reserve. [A.S. _sealt_; cf. Ger. _salz_, also L. _sal_, Gr. _hals_.]

SALTANT, sal'tant, _adj._ leaping: dancing: (_her._) salient.--_v.i._ SAL'T[=A]TE, to dance.--_n._ SALT[=A]'TION, a leaping or jumping: beating or palpitation: (_biol._) an abrupt variation.--_n.pl._ SALTAT[=O]'RIA, a division of orthopterous insects including grass-hoppers, locusts, and crickets.--_adjs._ SALTAT[=O]'RIAL, SALTAT[=O]'RIOUS; SAL'TATORY, leaping: dancing: having the power of, or used in, leaping or dancing. [L. _saltans_, pr.p. of _salt[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, inten. of _sal[=i]re_, to leap.]

SALTARELLO, sal-ta-rel'[=o], _n._ a lively Italian dance in triple time, diversified with skips, for a single couple--also the music for such: an old form of round dance. [It.,--L. _salt[=a]re_, to dance.]

SALTCELLAR, sawlt'sel-ar, _n._ a small table vessel for holding salt. [For _salt-sellar_, the last part being O. Fr. _saliere_--L. _salarium_--_sal_, salt.]

SALTIERRA, sal-tyer'a, _n._ a saline deposit in the inland lakes of Mexico. [Sp.,--L. _sal_, salt, _terra_, land.]

SALTIGRADE, sal'ti-gr[=a]d, _adj._ formed for leaping, as certain insects.--_n._ one of a certain tribe of spiders which leap to seize their prey. [L. _saltus_, a leap, _gradi_, to go.]

SALTIMBANCO, sal-tim-bangk'[=o], _n._ (_obs._) a mountebank: a quack. [It.]

SALTIRE, SALTIER, sal't[=e]r, _n._ (_her._) an ordinary in the form of a St Andrew's Cross.--_adj._ SAL'TIERWISE. [O. Fr. _saultoir_, _sautoir_--Low L. _saltatorium_, a stirrup--L. _salt[=a]re_, to leap.]

SALTPETRE, sawlt-p[=e]'t[.e]r, _n._ the commercial name for nitre.--_adj._ SALTP[=E]'TROUS. [O. Fr. _salpestre_--Low L. _salpetra_--L. _sal_, salt, _petra_, a rock.]

SALTUS, sal'tus, _n._ a break of continuity in time: a leap from premises to conclusion. [L., a leap.]

SALUBRIOUS, sa-l[=u]'bri-us, _adj._ healthful: wholesome.--_adv._ SAL[=U]'BRIOUSLY.--_ns._ SAL[=U]'BRIOUSNESS, SAL[=U]'BRITY, [L. _salubris_--_salus_, _salutis_, health.]

SALUE, sal-[=u]', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to salute.

SALUTARY, sal'[=u]-tar-i, _adj._ belonging to health: promoting health or safety: wholesome: beneficial.--_n._ SAL[=U]DADOR' (_obs._), a quack who cures by incantations.--_adv._ SAL'[=U]TARILY, in a salutary manner: favourably to health.--_n._ SAL'[=U]TARINESS.--_adj._ SAL[=U]TIF'EROUS, health-bearing.--_adv._ SAL[=U]TIF'EROUSLY. [L. _salutaris_--_salus_, health.]

SALUTE, sal-[=u]t', _v.t._ to address with kind wishes: to greet with a kiss, a bow, &c.: to honour formally by a discharge of cannon, striking colours, &c.--_n._ act of saluting: the position of the hand, sword, &c. in saluting: greeting: a kiss: a complimentary discharge of cannon, dipping colours, presenting arms, &c., in honour of any one.--_ns._ SAL[=U]T[=A]'TION, act of saluting: that which is said in saluting, any customary or ceremonious form of address at meeting or at parting, or of ceremonial on religious or state occasions, including both forms of speech and gestures: (_obs._) quickening, excitement: the ANGELIC SALUTATION (see AVE); SAL[=U]TAT[=O]'RIAN, in American colleges, the member of a graduating class who pronounces the salutatory oration.--_adv._ SAL[=U]'TATORILY.--_adj._ SAL[=U]'TATORY, pertaining to salutation.--_n._ a sacristy in the early church in which the clergy received the greetings of the people: an oration in Latin delivered by the student who ranks second.--_n._ SAL[=U]'TER. [L. _salut[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_salus_, _salutis_.]

SALVAGE, sal'v[=a]j, _adj._ (_Spens._). Same as SAVAGE.

SALVAGE, sal'v[=a]j, _n._ compensation made by the owner of a ship or cargo in respect of services rendered by persons, other than the ship's company, in preserving the ship or cargo from shipwreck, fire, or capture: the goods and materials so saved.--_n._ SALVABIL'ITY, the possibility or condition of being saved.--_adj._ SAL'VABLE.--_n._ SAL'VABLENESS.--_adv._ SAL'VABLY. [Fr.,--L. _salv[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to save.]

SALVATION, sal-v[=a]'shun, _n._ act of saving: means of preservation from any serious evil: (_theol._) the saving of man from the power and penalty of sin, the conferring of eternal happiness: (_B._) deliverance from enemies.--_v.t._ to heal, to cure: to remedy: to redeem: to gloss over.--_ns._ SALV[=A]'TIONISM; SALV[=A]'TIONIST.--SALVATION ARMY, an organisation for the revival of evangelical religion amongst the masses, founded by William Booth about 1865, reorganised on the model of a military force in 1878; SALVATION SALLY, a girl belonging to the Salvation Army.

SALVATORY, sal'va-t[=o]-ri, _n._ (_obs._) a repository: a safe.

SALVE, säv, _n._ (_B._) an ointment: anything to cure sores.--_v.t._ to heal, help.--_ns._ SALV'ER, a quacksalver, a pretender; SALV'ING, healing, restoration. [A.S. _sealf_; Ger. _salbe_, Dut. _zalf_.]

SALVE, sal'v[=e], _v.t._ (_Spens._) to salute.--SALVE REGINA (_R.C._), an antiphonal hymn to the Blessed Virgin said after Lauds and Compline, from Trinity to Advent--from its opening words. [L. _salve_, God save you, hail! imper. of _salv[=e]re_, to be well.]

SALVELINUS, sal-ve-l[=i]'nus, _n._ a genus of _Salmonidæ_, the chars. [Prob. Latinised from Ger. _salbling_, a small salmon.]

SALVER, sal'v[.e]r, _n._ a plate on which anything is presented.--_adj._ SAL'VER-SHAPED, in the form of a salver or tray. [Sp. _salva_, a salver, _salvar_, to save--Low L. _salv[=a]re_, to save.]

SALVIA, sal'vi-a, _n._ a large genus of gamopetalous Labiate plants, including the sage.

SALVINIA, sal-vin'i-a, _n._ a genus of heterosporous ferns--formerly called _Rhizocarpeæ_ or _Pepperworts_.

SALVO, sal'v[=o], _n._ an exception: a reservation. [L., in phrase, _salvo jure_, one's right being safe.]

SALVO, sal'v[=o], _n._ a military or naval salute with guns: a simultaneous discharge of artillery: the combined cheers of a multitude:--_pl._ SALVOS (sal'v[=o]z). [It. _salva_, a salute--L. _salve_, hail!]

SAL-VOLATILE, sal'-vo-lat'i-le. See SAL.

SALVOR, sal'vor, _n._ one who saves a cargo from wreck, fire, &c. [See SALVAGE.]

SAM, sam, _adv._ (_Spens._) together.--_v.t._ to collect, to curdle milk. [A.S. _samnian_--_samen_, together.]

SAMARA, s[=a]-mar'a, or sam'-, _n._ a dry indehiscent, usually one-sided fruit, with a wing, as in the ash, elm, and maple--the last a double samara.--_adjs._ SAM'ARIFORM; SAM'AROID. [L.]

SAMARE, sa-mär', _n._ an old form of women's long-skirted jacket.

SAMARITAN, sa-mar'i-tan, _adj._ pertaining to _Samaria_ in Palestine.--_n._ an inhabitant of Samaria, esp. one of the despised mixed population planted therein after the deportation of the Israelites: the language of Samaria, an archaic Hebrew, or rather Hebrew Aramaic, dialect: a charitable person--from Luke, x. 30-37.--_n._ SAMAR'ITANISM, charity, benevolence.--SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH, a recension of the Hebrew Pentateuch, in use amongst the Samaritans, and accepted by them as alone canonical.

SAMAVEDA, sä-ma-v[=a]'da, _n._ the name of one of the four Vedas. [Sans.]

SAMBO, sam'b[=o], _n._ a negro: properly the child of a mulatto and a negro. [Sp. _zambo_--L. _scambus_, bow-legged.]

SAMBUCUS, sam-b[=u]'kus, _n._ a genus of gamopetalous trees and shrubs of the honeysuckle family--the elders. [L.]

SAMBUKE, sam'b[=u]k, _n._ an ancient musical instrument, probably a harp.--Also SAMB[=U]'CA. [Gr. _sambyk[=e]_--Heb. _sabeka_.]

SAMBUR, sam'bur, _n._ the Indian elk.--Also SAM'BOO. [Hind. _sambre_.]

SAME, s[=a]m, _adv._ (_Spens._). Same as SAM.

SAME, s[=a]m, _adj._ identical: of the like kind or degree: similar: mentioned before.--_adj._ SAME'LY, unvaried.--_n._ SAME'NESS, the being the same: tedious monotony.--ALL THE SAME, for all that; AT THE SAME TIME, still, nevertheless. [A.S. _same_; Goth. _samana_; L. _similis_, like, Gr. _homos_.]

SAMIA, s[=a]'mi-a, _n._ a genus of bombycid moths, belonging to North America.

SAMIAN, s[=a]'mi-an, _adj._ pertaining to, or from, the island of _Samos_, in the Greek Archipelago.--_n._ (also S[=A]'MIOT, S[=A]'MIOTE) a native of Samos.--SAMIAN EARTH, an argillaceous astringent earth; SAMIAN STONE, a goldsmiths' polishing-stone; SAMIAN WARE, an ancient kind of pottery, brick-red or black, with lustrous glaze.

SAMIEL, s[=a]'mi-el, _n._ the simoom. [Turk. _samyeli_--Ar. _samm_, poison, Turk. _yel_, wind.]

SAMISEN, sam'i-sen, _n._ a Japanese guitar.

SAMITE, sam'it, _n._ a kind of heavy silk stuff. [O. Fr. _samit_--Low L. _examitum_--Gr. _hexamiton_, _hex_, six, _mitos_, thread.]

SAMLET, sam'let, _n._ a parr: a salmon of the first year. [Prob. _salmon-et_.]

SAMMY, sam'i, _v.t._ to moisten skins with water.--_n._ a machine for doing this.

SAMNITE, sam'n[=i]t, _adj._ and _n._ pertaining to an ancient Sabine people of central Italy, crushed by the Romans after a long struggle: a Roman gladiator armed with shield, sleeve on right arm, helmet, shoulder-piece, and greave.

SAMOAN, sa-m[=o]'an, _adj._ and _n._ pertaining to _Samoa_ in the Pacific.--SAMOAN DOVE, the tooth-billed pigeon.

SAMOLUS, sam'[=o]-lus, _n._ a genus of herbaceous plants of the primrose family. [L.]

SAMOSATENIAN, sam-[=o]-sa-t[=e]'ni-an, _n._ a follower of Paul of _Samosata_, bishop of Antioch, the Socinus of the 3d century.

SAMOTHRACIAN, sam-[=o]-thr[=a]'si-an, _adj._ belonging to the island of _Samothrace_ in the Ægean Sea.

SAMOVAR, sam'[=o]-vär, _n._ a tea-urn used in Russia, commonly of copper, the water in it heated by charcoal in a tube extending from top to bottom. [Russ. _samovar[)u]_, prob. Tartar.]

SAMOYED, sa-m[=o]'yed, _n._ one of a Ural-Altaic race between the Obi and the Yenisei.--_adj._ SAMOYED'IC.

SAMP, samp, _n._ Indian corn coarsely ground: a kind of hominy, also porridge made from it.

[Illustration]

SAMPAN, sam'pan, _n._ a small boat used in China and Japan.--Also SAN'PAN. [Chin. _san_, _sam_, three, _pan_, a board.]

SAMPHIRE, sam'f[=i]r, or sam'f[.e]r, _n._ an herb found chiefly on rocky cliffs near the sea, used in pickles and salads. [Corr. from Fr. _Saint Pierre_, Saint Peter.]

SAMPI, sam'p[=i], _n._ a character, [sampi] representing a sibilant in early Greek use, later obsolete except as a numeral sign for 900.

SAMPLE, sam'pl, _n._ a specimen: a part to show the quality of the whole: an example.--_v.t._ to make up samples of: to place side by side with: to match: to test by examination.--_ns._ SAM'PLER, one who makes up samples (in compounds, as _wool-sampler_); SAM'PLE-ROOM, a room where samples are shown: (_slang_) a grog-shop; SAM'PLE-SCALE, an accurately balanced lever-scale for weighing ten-thousandths of a pound. [Short for _esample_, from O. Fr. _essample_--L. _exemplum_, example.]

SAMPLER, sam'pl[.e]r, _n._ a pattern of work: a piece of ornamental embroidery, worsted-work, &c., containing names, figures, texts, &c.--_n._ SAM'PLARY (_obs._), a pattern, an example. [Formed from L. _exemplar_.]

SAMPSUCHINE, samp-s[=oo]'ch[=e]n, _n._ (_obs._) sweet marjoram.

SAMSHOO, SAMSHU, sam'sh[=oo], _n._ an ardent spirit distilled by the Chinese from rice: any kind of spirits. [Chin. _san_, _sam_, three, _shao_, to fire.]

SAMSON-POST, sam'son-p[=o]st, _n._ a strong upright stanchion or post for various uses on board ship.

SAMURAI, sam'[=oo]-r[=i], _n. sing._ (also _pl._) a member of the military class in the old feudal system of Japan, including both daimios, or territorial nobles, and their military retainers: a military retainer, a two-sworded man. [Jap.]

SAMYDA, sam'i-da, _n._ a genus of shrubs, native to the West Indies. [Gr. _s[=e]myda_, the birch.]

SANABLE, san'a-bl, _adj._ able to be made sane or sound: curable.--_ns._ SANABIL'ITY, SAN'ABLENESS, capability of being cured; SAN[=A]'TION (_obs._), a healing or curing.--_adj._ SAN'ATIVE, tending, or able, to heal: healing.--_ns._ SAN'ATIVENESS; SANAT[=O]'RIUM (see SANITARY).--_adj._ SAN'ATORY, healing: conducive to health. [L. _sanabilis_--_san[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to heal.]

SANBENITO, san-be-n[=e]'t[=o], _n._ a garment grotesquely decorated with flames, devils, &c., worn by the victims of the Inquisition--at an _auto-de-fe_--for public recantation or execution. [Sp., from its resemblance in shape to the garment of the order of _St Benedict_--Sp. _San Benito_.]

SANCHO, sang'k[=o], _n._ a musical instrument like the guitar, used by negroes.

SANCHO-PEDRO, sang'k[=o]-p[=e]'dr[=o], _n._ a game of cards--the nine of trumps called _Sancho_, the five _Pedro_.

SANCTIFY, sangk'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ to make sacred or holy: to set apart to sacred use: to free from sin or evil: to consecrate: to invest with a sacred character: to make efficient as the means of holiness: to secure from violation:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ sanc'tif[=i]ed.--_n._ SANCTANIM'ITY, holiness of mind.--_v.t._ SANCTIF'IC[=A]TE.--_n._ SANCTIFIC[=A]'TION, act of sanctifying: state of being sanctified: that work or process of God's free grace whereby the new principle of spiritual life implanted in regeneration is developed until the whole man is renewed in the image of God: consecration.--_adj._ SANC'TIFIED, made holy: sanctimonious.--_adv._ SANCTIF[=I]'EDLY, sanctimoniously.--_n._ SANC'TIFIER, one who sanctifies: the Holy Spirit.--_adv._ SANC'TIFYINGLY.--_adj._ SANCTIM[=O]'NIOUS, having sanctity: holy, devout: affecting holiness.--_adv._ SANCTIM[=O]'NIOUSLY.--_ns._ SANCTIM[=O]'NIOUSNESS, SANC'TIMONY, affected devoutness, show of sanctity; SANC'TITUDE, holiness, goodness, saintliness: affected holiness; SANC'TITY, quality of being sacred or holy: purity: godliness: inviolability: a saint, any holy object.--_v.t._ SANC'TUARISE (_Shak._), to shelter by sacred privileges, as in a sanctuary.--_ns._ SANC'T[=U]ARY, a sacred place: a place for the worship of God: the most sacred part of the Temple of Jerusalem: the Temple itself: the part of a church round the altar: an inviolable asylum, refuge, a consecrated place which gives protection to a criminal taking refuge there: the privilege of taking refuge in such a consecrated place; SANC'TUM, a sacred place: a private room; SANC'TUS, the ascription, 'Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Hosts,' from Isa. vi.: a musical setting of the same.--SANCTUM SANCTORUM, the Holy of Holies: any specially reserved retreat or room.--ODOUR OF SANCTITY, the aroma of goodness. [Fr.,--L. _sanctific[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_sanctus_, sacred, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

SANCTION, sangk'shun, _n._ act of ratifying, or giving authority to: confirmation: support: a decree, a law.--_v.t._ to give validity to: to authorise: to countenance.--_adjs._ SANC'TIONABLE; SANC'TIONARY. [Fr.,--L. _sanct[=i]re_.]