Part 5

SARDINE, sär-d[=e]n', _n._ a small fish of the herring family, abundant about the island of _Sardinia_, potted with olive-oil for export, the pilchard: a petty character. [Fr., (It. _sardina_)--L. _sarda_, _sardina_--Gr. _sard[=e]n[=e]_.]

SARDINE, sär'din, _n._ the same as SARD.--Also SAR'DIUS. [O. Fr. _sardine_.]

SARDONIC, sär-don'ik, _adj._ forced, heartless, or bitter, said of a forced unmirthful laugh--(_obs._) SARD[=O]'NIAN.--_adv._ SARDON'ICALLY. [Fr. _sardonique_--L. _sardonius_, _sardonicus_--Gr. _sardanios_, referred to _sardonion_, a plant of Sardinia (Gr. _Sard[=o]_), which was said to screw up the face of the eater, but more prob. from Gr. _sairein_, to grin.]

SARDONYX, sär'd[=o]-niks, _n._ a variety of onyx consisting of layers of light-coloured chalcedony alternating with reddish layers of cornelian or sard: (_her._) a tincture of sanguine colour when the blazoning is done by precious stones. [Gr. _sardonyx_--_Sardios_, Sardian, _onyx_, a nail.]

SARGASSO, sär-gas'o, _n._ a genus of seaweeds, of which two species are found floating in immense quantities in some parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans--gulf-weed.--_n._ SARGASS'UM. [Sp.]

SARGUS, sär'gus, _n._ a genus of sparoid fishes of the sub-family SARGI'NA. [Gr. _sargos_, a mullet.]

SARI, sär'i, _n._ a Hindu woman's chief garment, consisting of a long piece of silk or cotton cloth wrapped round the middle: any long scarf. [Hind.]

SARIGUE, sa-r[=e]g', _n._ a South American opossum. [Fr.,--Braz.]

SARK, särk, _n._ a shirt or chemise: the body garment. [A.S. _syrce_; Ice. _serkr_.]

SARKING, sär'king, _n._ (_Scot._) thin boards for lining, the boarding on which slates are laid.

SARKINITE, sär'ki-n[=i]t, _n._ a hydrous arseniate of manganese. [Gr. _sarkinos_, fleshy, _sarx_, _sarkos_, flesh.]

SARLAK, sär'lak, _n._ the yak.--Also SAR'LAC, SAR'LYK.

SARMATIAN, sär-m[=a]'shi-an, _adj._ pertaining to the race who spoke the same language as the Scythians, and who are believed to have been of Median descent and so Iranian in stock, though some authorities think they belonged to the Ural-Altaic family: Polish, the term _Sarmatia_ being sometimes rhetorically applied to Poland.

SARMATIER, sär-ma-ti-[=a]', _n._ a dark-coloured polecat of eastern Europe.

SARMENT, sär'ment, _n._ (_bot._) a prostrate filiform stem or runner, as of a strawberry.--_adjs._ SARMEN'TOSE, SARMEN'TOUS, having sarmenta or runners.--_n._ SARMEN'TUM, a runner. [L. _sarmentum_, a twig--_sarp[)e]re_, to prune.]

SARN, särn, _n._ a pavement. [W. _sarn_.]

SAROH, sar'[=o], _n._ an Indian musical instrument with three metal strings.

SARONG, sa-rong', _n._ a garment covering the lower half of the body. [Malay.]

SAROS, s[=a]'ros, _n._ a Babylonian numeral=3600: an astronomical cycle of 6585 days and 8 hours.

SAROTHRUM, sa-r[=o]'thrum, _n._ a brush of stiff hairs on the leg of a bee:--_pl._ SAR[=O]'THRA. [Gr. _sar[=o]tron_, a broom.]

SARPLAR, sär'plär, _n._ (_obs._) packing-cloth: a large bale of wool containing 2240 pounds.--Also SAR'PLER, SAR'PLIER. [O. Fr. _serpilliere_--Low L. _serapellinus_--L. _xerampelinæ_ (_vestes_), of the colour of dead vine-leaves, dark-red (clothes)--Gr. _x[=e]rampelinos_, _x[=e]ros_, dry, _ampelinos_--_ampelos_, a vine.]

SARRACENIA, sär-a-s[=e]'ni-a, _n._ a genus of polypetalous plants--the _side-saddle flower_, _pitcher-plant_. [Named from Dr _Sarrazin_, who first sent them to Europe from Quebec.]

SARRASIN, sär'a-sin, _n._ a portcullis.--Also SAR'ASIN.

SARRAZIN, sär'a-zin, _n._ buckwheat--_Saracen_ wheat.

SARRUSOPHONE, sa-rus'[=o]-f[=o]n, _n._ a musical instrument of the oboe class. [From the inventor, a French bandmaster named _Sarrus_.]

SARSAPARILLA, sär-sa-pa-ril'a, _n._ the dried root of several species of _Smilax_, native to tropical America, yielding a medicinal decoction.--Also SAR'SA. [Sp.,--_zarza_, bramble (prob. Basque, _sartzia_), _parilla_, a dim. of _parra_, a vine.]

SARSEN, sär'sen, _n._ a local name for the old inhabitants who worked the tin-mines in Cornwall and Devonshire--(the piles of old mining refuse are called _attal-Sarsen_ and _Jews' leavings_).--Also SARS'DEN-STONE, SAR'ACEN'S-STONE, a name given to the Greywethers of Cornwall.

SARSENET, särs'net, _n._ a thin tissue of fine silk, plain or twilled, used for ladies' dresses and for linings, said to have been introduced from the East in the 13th century.--Also SAR'CENET, SARS'NET. [O. Fr. _sarcenet_--Low L. _Saracenatus_, and _Saracenicus_ (_pannus_), Saracen (cloth)--_Saracenus_, _Saracen_.]

SARSIA, sär'si-a, _n._ a genus of jelly-fishes. [Named from Professor _Sars_ of Christiania.]

SARTAGE, sär't[=a]j, _n._ the clearing of woodland for agricultural purposes.--_n._ SART, a strip of such.

SARTORIUS, sär-t[=o]'ri-us, _n._ the muscle of the thigh by which the one leg is thrown across the other.--_n._ SAR'TOR, a tailor.--_adj._ SART[=O]'RIAL, pertaining to a tailor or tailoring. [L. _sartor_, a tailor.]

SASH, sash, _n._ a band, ribbon, or scarf, worn as a badge or ornament, or a badge of distinction worn by officers--also _v.t._--_n._ SASH'ERY, sashes collectively. [Pers. _shast_, a turban.]

SASH, sash, _n._ a case or frame for panes of glass.--_v.t._ to furnish with sashes.--_ns._ SASH'-DOOR, a door having panes of glass; SASH'-FRAME, the frame in which the sash of a window is suspended; SASH'-WINDOW, a glazed window in which the glass is set in a sash.--FRENCH SASH, a casement swinging on hinges. [Fr. _châsse_--L. _capsa_, a case.]

SASIA, s[=a]'si-a, _n._ a genus of Indian pigmy woodpeckers.

SASIN, sas'in, _n._ the common Indian antelope.

SASINE, s[=a]'sin, _n._ (_Scots law_) the act of giving legal possession of feudal property, infeftment: a form of seizin. [Fr. _saisine_--_saisir_, occupy.]

SASS, sas, _n._ (_coll._) impudence: vegetables used in making sauces.--_v.i._ to be insolent in replies.

SASSABY, sas'a-bi, _n._ the bastard hartebeest of South Africa.

SASSAFRAS, sas'a-fras, _n._ a tree of the laurel family, common in North America; also the bark of its root, a powerful stimulant.--SASSAFRAS OIL, a volatile aromatic oil distilled from the sassafras. [Fr. _sassafras_--Sp. _sasafras_--L. _saxifraga_--_saxum_, a stone, _frang[)e]re_, to break.]

SASSANID, sas'a-nid, _n._ one of the Sassanidæ, the dynasty which ruled Persia from 218 A.D. to 639.--_adj._ SASS[=A]'NIAN.

SASSARARA. Same as SISERARY.

SASSE, sas, _n._ a sluice on a navigable river. [Dut.]

SASSENACH, sas'e-nah, _n._ a Saxon: an Englishman: a Lowlander. [Gael. _Sasunnach_.]

SASSOLIN, sas'[=o]-lin, _n._ native boracic acid--first found near _Sasso_ in Florence.--Also SASS'OLITE.

SASSOROL, sas'[=o]-rol, _n._ the rock-pigeon.--Also SASSOROL'LA.

SAT, sat, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _sit_.

SATAN, s[=a]'tan, _n._ the enemy of men: the devil: the chief of the fallen angels.--_adjs._ S[=A]TAN'IC, -AL, pertaining to, or like, Satan: devilish.--_adv._ S[=A]TAN'ICALLY, diabolically: with malice or wickedness suiting the devil.--_ns._ S[=A]TAN'ICALNESS, the quality of being fiendishly malicious or wicked; S[=A]'TANISM, the devilish disposition; S[=A]TANOPH'ANY, an appearance or incarnation of Satan; S[=A]TANOPH[=O]'BIA, fear of the devil; S[=A]TH'ANAS, Satan; S[=A]TAN'ITY. [O. Fr. _Sathan_, _Sathanas_--Low L. _Satan_, _Satanas_--Heb. _s[=a]t[=a]n_, enemy--_s[=a]tan_, to be adverse.]

SATARA, sat'a-ra, _n._ a ribbed, hot-pressed, and lustred woollen cloth.

SATCHEL, sach'el, _n._ a small sack or bag, esp. for papers, books, &c. [Older form _sachel_--O. Fr. _sachel_--L. _saccellus_, dim. of _saccus_.]

SATE, s[=a]t, _v.t._ to satisfy or give enough: to glut.--_adj._ SATE'LESS, insatiable. [L. _sati[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_satis_, enough.]

SATE, sat. Same as SAT, _pa.t._ of _sit_.

SATEEN, sa-t[=e]n', _n._ a glossy worsted, cotton, or even woollen fabric.--Also SATTEEN'.

SATELLITE, sat'el-l[=i]t, _n._ an obsequious follower: one of the small members of the solar system, attendant on the larger planets, by which their motions are controlled.--_ns._ SAT'ELLITE-SPHINX, a large hawk-moth; SAT'ELLITE-VEIN, a vein accompanying an artery; SATELLI'TIUM, an escort. [Fr.,--L. _satelles_, _satellitis_, an attendant.]

SATIATE, s[=a]'shi-[=a]t, _v.t._ to satisfy or give enough: to gratify fully: to glut.--_adj._ glutted.--_n._ S[=A]TIABIL'ITY.--_adj._ S[=A]'TIABLE, that may be satiated.--_ns._ S[=A]TI[=A]'TION; S[=A]T[=I]'ETY, state of being satiated: surfeit. [L. _sati[=a]ra_, _-[=a]tum_--_satis_, enough.]

SATIN, sat'in, _n._ a closely woven silk with a lustrous and unbroken surface, sometimes figured.--_adj._ made of satin: resembling satin.--_v.t._ to make smooth and glossy like satin.--_ns._ SAT'IN-BIRD, the satin bower-bird; SAT'IN-CAR'PET, a particular kind of moth; SAT'IN-DAM'ASK, a satin with an elaborate flower or arabesque pattern, sometimes raised in velvet pile; SAT'IN-DE-LAINE', a thin glossy woollen fabric, a variety of cassimere; SAT'INET, a thin species of satin: a cloth with a cotton warp and woollen weft; SAT'INET-LOOM, a loom used for heavy goods, as twills, satinets, &c.; SAT'IN-FIN'ISH, a finish resembling satin: a lustrous finish produced on silver by the scratch-brush, by the process called _Satining_; SAT'INING-MACHINE', a machine for giving a smooth surface to paper; SAT'IN-LEAF, the common alum-root; SAT'IN-LISSE, a cotton dress-fabric with satiny surface, usually printed with delicate patterns; SAT'IN-P[=A]'PER, a fine, glossy writing-paper; SAT'IN-SHEET'ING, twilled cotton fabric with a satin surface; SAT'IN-SPAR, a variety of calcite with a pearly lustre when polished; SAT'IN-SPARR'OW, an Australian fly-catcher; SAT'IN-STITCH, an embroidery stitch, flat or raised, repeated in parallel lines, giving a satiny appearance and making both sides alike; SAT'IN-STONE, a fibrous gypsum used by lapidaries; SAT'INWOOD, a beautiful ornamental wood from East and West Indies, having a smooth, satiny texture.--_adj._ SAT'INY, like, or composed of, satin. [Fr. _satin_ (It. _setino_)--Low. L. _setinus_, adj.--L. _seta_, hair.]

SATINÉ, sat-i-n[=a]', _n._ a reddish hard wood of French Guiana.

SATIRE, sat'[=i]r, or sat'ir, _n._ a literary composition, orig. in verse, essentially a criticism of man and his works, whom it holds up either to ridicule or scorn--its chief instruments, irony, sarcasm, invective, wit and humour: an invective poem: severity of remark, denunciation: ridicule.--_adjs._ SATIR'IC, -AL, pertaining to, or conveying, satire: sarcastic: abusive.--_adv._ SATIR'ICALLY.--_n._ SATIR'ICALNESS, the state or quality of being satirical.--_v.t._ SAT'IR[=I]SE, to make the object of satire: to censure severely.--_n._ SAT'IRIST, a writer of satire. [Fr.,--L. _satira_, _satura_ (_lanx_, a dish), a full dish, a medley.]

SATISFY, sat'is-f[=i], _v.t._ to give enough to: to supply fully: to please fully: to discharge: to free from doubt: to convince.--_v.i._ to give content: to supply fully: to make payment:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ sat'isfied.--_n._ SATISFAC'TION, state of being satisfied: gratification: comfort: that which satisfies: amends: atonement: payment, quittance: conviction: repairing a wrong, as by a duel.--_adj._ SATISFAC'TIVE (_obs._).--_adv._ SATISFAC'TORILY.--_n._ SATISFAC'TORINESS.--_adjs._ SATISFAC'TORY, satisfying: giving contentment: making amends or payment: atoning: convincing; SATISF[=I]'ABLE, capable of being satisfied.--_n._ SAT'ISF[=I]ER.--_adj._ SAT'ISFYING, satisfactory.--_adv._ SAT'ISFYINGLY.--SATISFACTION THEORY (of the Atonement), the ordinary theory of Catholic orthodoxy that Christ made satisfaction to Divine justice for the guilt of human sin by suffering as the human representative, and that thus Divine forgiveness was made possible. [Fr. _satisfaire_--L. _satisfac[)e]re_, _satis_, enough, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

SATIVE, s[=a]'tiv, _adj._ sown as in a garden. [L. _sativus_--_ser[)e]re_, to sow.]

SATRAP, s[=a]'trap, or sat'rap, _n._ a Persian viceroy or ruler of one of the greater provinces:--_fem._ S[=A]'TRAPESS.--_adjs._ SAT'RAPAL, relating to a satrap or to a satrapy; S[=A]'TRAP-CROWNED, crested, like the golden-crested wren of North America.--_n._ SAT'RAPY, the government of a satrap. [Gr. _satrap[=e]s_, from Old Pers. _khshatrap[=a]_ or Zend _sh[=o]ithra-paiti_--ruler of a region--_sh[=o]ithra_, a region, _paiti_, a chief.]

SATURATE, sat'[=u]-r[=a]t, _v.t._ to fill: to unite with till no more can be received: to fill to excess: to soak: (_opt._) to render pure, or of a colour free from white light.--_adjs._ SAT'[=U]RABLE, that may be saturated; SAT'[=U]RANT, saturating; SAT'[=U]RATE, saturated: (_entom._) very intense, as 'saturate green.'--_ns._ SAT'[=U]R[=A]TER; SAT[=U]R[=A]'TION, act of saturating: state of being saturated: the state of a body when quite filled with another. [L. _satur[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_satur_, full, akin to _satis_, enough.]

SATURDAY, sat'ur-d[=a], _n._ the seventh or last day of the week, dedicated by the Romans to Saturn: the Jewish Sabbath. [A.S. _Sæter-dæg_, _Sætern-dæg_, day of Saturn--L. _Saturnus_.]

SATUREIA, sat-[=u]-r[=e]'i-a, _n._ a genus of gamopetalous plants of the order _Labiatæ_--savory.

SATURN, sat'urn, or s[=a]'-, _n._ the ancient Roman god of agriculture: one of the planets: (_her._) a tincture, in colour black.--_n.pl._ SATURN[=A]'LIA, the annual festival in honour of Saturn, a time of unrestrained license and enjoyment.--_adjs._ SATURN[=A]'LIAN, pertaining to the Saturnalia: riotously merry: dissolute; SATUR'NIAN, pertaining to Saturn, whose fabulous reign was called 'the golden age:' happy: pure: simple: denoting the verse in which the oldest Latin poems were written; SAT'URNINE, grave: gloomy: phlegmatic--those born under the planet Saturn being so disposed: pertaining to lead.--_n._ SAT'URNIST (_obs._), a gloomy person.--SATURN'S RING, a ring round and near the planet; SATURN'S TREE, an arborescent deposit of lead from a solution of lead acetate. [_Saturnus_--_ser[)e]re_, _satum_, to sow.]

SATURNIA, s[=a]-tur'ni-a, _n._ a genus of bombycid moths.

SATURNIA, s[=a]-tur'ni-a, _n._ lead poisoning, plumbism.

SATURNITE, sat'ur-n[=i]t, _n._ a mineral substance containing lead.

SATYR, sat'[.e]r, or s[=a]'t[.e]r, _n._ a silvan deity, represented as part man and part goat, and extremely wanton: a very lecherous person: a species of butterfly.--_ns._ SAT'YRAL (_her._), a monster with a human head and the limbs of different animals; SATYR[=I]'ASIS, morbid lasciviousness in men, corresponding to nymphomania in women--also SATYROM[=A]'NIA.--_adjs._ SATYR'IC, -AL, pertaining to satyrs.--_ns._ SATYR[=I]'NÆ, the argus butterflies; SATYR'IUM, a genus of small flowered orchids; SAT'YRUS, the genus of orangs--simia. [L. _satyrus_--Gr. _satyros_.]

SAUBA-ANT, saw'ba-ant, _n._ a South American leaf-carrying ant.

SAUCE, saws, _n._ a liquid seasoning for food, consisting of salt, &c.: fruit stewed with sugar: a relish: impudence.--_v.t._ to put sauce in to relish: to make poignant: to gratify the palate: to treat with bitter or pert language: to make suffer.--_ns._ SAUCE'-ALONE', a cruciferous plant with a strong garlic smell, Jack-by-the-hedge; SAUCE'-BOAT, a vessel with a spout for holding sauce; SAUCE'-BOX, an impudent person; SAUCE'-CRAY'ON, a soft, black pastel used for backgrounds; SAUCE'PAN, a pan in which sauce or any small thing is boiled; SAUCE'PAN-FISH, the king-crab.--POOR MAN'S SAUCE, hunger; SERVE ONE WITH THE SAME SAUCE, to requite one injury with another, to make to suffer. [Fr. _sauce_--L. _salsa_, neut. pl. of _salsus_, pa.p. of _sal[=i]re_, _salsum_, to salt--_sal_, salt.]

SAUCER, saw's[.e]r, _n._ the shallow platter for a tea or coffee cup: anything resembling a saucer, as a socket of iron for the pivot of a capstan: (_orig._) a small vessel to hold sauce.--_adj._ SAU'CER-EYED, having large round eyes. [O. Fr. _saussiere_--Low L. _salsarium_--L. _salsa_, sauce.]

SAUCH, SAUGH, sawh, _n._ (_Scot._) the willow. [_Sallow_.]

SAUCISSE, s[=o]-s[=e]s', _n._ a bag filled with powder for use in mines.--Also SAUCISSON'. [Fr.]

SAUCY, saw'si, _adj._ (_comp._ SAU'CIER, _superl._ SAU'CIEST) sharp: pungent: insolent: overbearing: wanton: impudent, pert.--_adv._ SAU'CILY.--_n._ SAU'CINESS. [_Sauce_.]

SAUER-KRAUT, sour'-krout, _n._ a German dish consisting of cabbage sliced fine and suffered to ferment in a cask with salt, juniper-berries, cumin-seed, caraway-seeds, &c. [Ger.]

SAUFGARD, sawf'gärd, _n._ (_Spens._). _Safeguard_.

SAUGER, saw'g[.e]r, _n._ the smaller American pike-fish.

SAUL, a Scotch form of _soul_.

SAULGE, sawlj, _adj._ (_Spens._) sage.

SAULIE, saw'li, _n._ (_Scot._) a hired mourner.--Also SALL'IE.

SAULT, sawlt, _n._ (_obs._) a leap: an assault.

SAULT, s[=o], _n._ a rapid in some Canadian rivers. [Fr.]

SAUNT, a Scotch form of _saint_.

SAUNTER, sawn't[.e]r, _v.i._ to wander about idly: to loiter: to lounge: to stroll: to dawdle.--_n._ a sauntering: a place for sauntering: a leisurely ramble.--_ns._ SAUN'TERER; SAUN'TERING.--_adv._ SAUN'TERINGLY. [M. E. _saunteren_--Anglo-Fr. _sauntrer_, to adventure out. Cf. _Adventure_. Sometimes erroneously explained as from Fr. _sainte terre_, holy land, from pilgrimages.]

SAURIAN, saw'ri-an, _n._ a reptile or animal covered with scales, as the lizard.--_adj._ pertaining to, or of the nature of, a saurian.--_n.pl._ SAU'RIA, a division of reptiles formerly including lizards, crocodiles, dinosaurians, pterodactyls, &c.: a scaly reptile with legs, a lacertilian: one of the sauropsida.--_n._ SAURAN'ODON, a genus of toothless reptiles, whose fossil remains are found in the Rocky Mountains.--_adj._ SAURAN'ODONT.--_ns._ SAURICH'NITE, the fossil track of a saurian; SAUR'[=O]DON, a genus of fossil fishes of the Cretaceous age.--_adj._ SAUR'OID, resembling the lizard: reptilian.--_n._ SAUROM'ALUS, a genus of plump lizards, including the alderman-lizard.--_n.pl._ SAUROP'ODA, an order of lizards containing gigantic dinosaurs.--_adj._ SAUROP'ODOUS.--_n.pl._ SAUROP'SIDA, the monocondyla, including birds and reptiles.--_adj._ SAUROP'SIDAN.--_n.pl._ SAUROPTERYG'IA, an order of fossil saurians, usually called _Plesiosauria_.--_adj._ SAUROPTERYG'IAN. [Gr. _saura_, _sauros_, the lizard.]

SAURLESS, sawr'les, _adj._ (_Scot._) savourless: tasteless.

SAUROGNATHÆ, saw-rog'n[=a]-th[=e], _n.pl._ a family of birds containing the woodpeckers and their allies.--_n._ SAUROG'N[=A]THISM, the peculiar arrangement of the bones of their palates.--_adj._ SAUROG'N[=A]THOUS. [Gr. _sauros_, a lizard, gnathos, the jaw.]

SAUROPHAGOUS, saw-rof'a-gus, _adj._ feeding on reptiles. [Gr. _sauros_, a lizard, _phagein_, to eat.]

SAUROTHERINÆ, saw-r[=o]-th[=e]-r[=i]'n[=e], _n.pl._ the ground-cuckoos, a sub-family of _Cuculidæ_, the typical genus SAUROTH[=E]'RA. [Gr. _sauros_, a lizard, _th[=e]r_, a beast.]

SAURURÆ, saw-r[=oo]'r[=e], _n.pl._ a sub-class or order of Aves, of Jurassic age, based upon the genus _Archæopteryx_--also called SAUROR'NITHES.--_adj._ SAURU'ROUS, lizard-tailed, as the foregoing birds.

SAURURUS, saw-r[=oo]'rus, _n._ a genus of apetalous plants of the order _Piperaceæ_.--_n.pl._ SAURU'R[=E]Æ, a family of these. [Gr. _sauros_, a lizard, _oura_, a tail.]

SAURUS, saw'rus, _n._ the genus of lizard-fishes.

SAURY, saw'ri, _n._ the skipper, a species of the family _Scomberesocidæ_, with elongated body and head, the jaws produced into a sharp beak.

SAUSAGE, saw's[=a]j, _n._ a gut stuffed with chopped meat salted and seasoned.--_n._ SAU'SAGE-POI'SONING, poisoning by spoiled sausages. [Fr. _saucisse_--Low L. _salcitia_--L. _salsus_, salted.]

SAUSSUREA, saw-s[=u]'r[=e]-a, _n._ a genus of composite plants of the order _Cynaroideæ_. [Named after the Swiss botanists, H. B. de _Saussure_ (1740-99), and his son, Nic. Théodore de _Saussure_ (1767-1845).]

SAUSSURITE, saw-s[=u]'r[=i]t, _n._ a fine-grained compact mineral, of grayish colour.--_adj._ SAUSSURIT'IC.

SAUT, sawt, a Scotch form of _salt_.

SAUTER, s[=o]-t[=a]', _v.t._ to fry lightly and quickly. [Fr.]

SAUTEREAU, s[=o]-te-r[=o]', _n._ the jack or hopper of a pianoforte, &c. [Fr.]

SAUTERELLE, s[=o]-te-rel', _n._ an instrument for tracing angles. [Fr.]

SAUTERNE, s[=o]-t[.e]rn', _n._ an esteemed white wine produced at Sauterne, in the Gironde, France.

SAUTOIRE, SAUTOIR, s[=o]-twor', _n._ (_her._) a ribbon worn diagonally. [_Saltier_.]

SAUVAGESIA, saw-v[=a]-j[=e]'si-a, _n._ a genus of polypetalous plants of the violet family. [Named from the French botanist P. A. Boissier de la Croix de _Sauvages_ (1710-95).]

SAUVEGARDE, s[=o]v'gärd, _n._ a monitor-lizard: a safeguard. [Fr.]

SAVAGE, sav'[=a]j, _adj._ wild: uncivilised: fierce: cruel: brutal: (_her._) nude: naked.--_n._ a human being in a wild state: a brutal, fierce, or cruel person: a barbarian.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to make savage, to play the savage.--_n._ SAV'AGEDOM, a savage state: savages collectively.--_adv._ SAV'AGELY.--_ns._ SAV'AGENESS; SAV'AGERY, fierceness: ferocity: wild growth of plants; SAV'AGISM. [O. Fr. _salvage_--L. _silvaticus_, pertaining to the woods--_silva_, a wood.]

SAVANNA, SAVANNAH, sa-van'a, _n._ a tract of level land, covered with low vegetation: a treeless plain.--_ns._ SAVANN'A-FLOW'ER, a genus of the milk-weed family, West Indies; SAVANN'A-SPARR'OW, the sparrow common through North America; SAVANN'A-WATT'LE, a name of certain West Indian trees, also called _Fiddlewood_. [Sp. _savana_, _sabana_, a sheet, a meadow--Low L. _sabanum_--Gr. _sabanon_, a linen cloth.]

SAVANT, sav-ang', _n._ a learned man. [Fr., pr.p. of _savoir_, to know.]

SAVE, s[=a]v, _v.t._ to bring safe out of evil: to rescue: to reserve: to spare: to deliver from the power of sin and from its consequences: to husband: to hoard: to be in time for: to obviate, to prevent something worse.--_v.i._ to be economical.--_prep._ except.--_adjs._ SAV'ABLE, SAVE'ABLE.--_ns._ SAV'ABLENESS; SAVE'-ALL, a contrivance intended to save anything from being wasted.--_v.t._ SAVE'GUARD (_Spens._), to protect.--_ns._ S[=A]'VER, one who saves; SAVE'-REV'ERENCE, or _Sir-reverence_, an apologetic phrase in conversation to cover anything offensive.--_adj._ S[=A]'VING, disposed to save or be economical: incurring no loss: preserving from wrong: frugal: implying a condition, as a saving clause: exceptional: (_theol._) securing salvation.--_prep._ excepting.--_n._ that which is saved: (_pl._) earnings.--_adv._ S[=A]'VINGLY, so as to secure salvation.--_ns._ S[=A]'VINGNESS; S[=A]'VINGS-BANK, a bank for the receipt of small deposits by poor persons, and their accumulation at compound interest.--SAVE APPEARANCES, to keep up an appearance of wealth, comfort, or propriety. [Fr. _sauver_--L. _salv[=a]re_--_salvus_, safe.]

SAVELOY, sav'e-loi, _n._ a kind of sausage made of meat chopped and seasoned, orig. of brains. [Fr. _cervelat_, _cervelas_, a saveloy--It. _cervelata_--_cervello_, brain--L. _cerebellum_, dim. of _cerebrum_, the brain.]

SAVIGNY, sa-v[=e]'nyi, _n._ a red wine of Burgundy.

SAVIN, SAVINE, sav'in, _n._ a low much-branched and widely-spreading shrub (_Juniperus Sabina_), with very small imbricated evergreen leaves, its fresh tops yielding an irritant volatile oil, anthelmintic and abortifacient: the American red cedar. [O. Fr. _sabine_--L. _sabina_ (_herba_), Sabine herb.]

SAVIOUR, s[=a]'vyur, _n._ one who saves from evil: a deliverer, a title applied to Jesus Christ, who saves men from the power and penalty of sin.

SAVOIR-FAIRE, sav-wor-f[=a]r', _n._ the faculty of knowing just what to do and how to do it: tact. [Fr.]

SAVOIR-VIVRE, sav-wor-v[=e]'vr, _n._ good breeding: knowledge of polite usages. [Fr.]

SAVONETTE, sav-[=o]-net', _n._ a kind of toilet soap: a West Indian tree whose bark serves as soap.

SAVORY, s[=a]'vor-i, _n._ a genus of plants of the natural order _Labiatæ_, nearly allied to thyme. The Common Savory gives an aromatic pungent flavour to viands. [_Savour._]

SAVOUR, SAVOR, s[=a]'vur, _n._ taste: odour: scent: (_B._) reputation: characteristic property: pleasure.--_v.i._ to have a particular taste or smell: to be like: to smack.--_v.t._ to smell: to relish: to season.--_adv._ S[=A]'VOURILY.--_n._ S[=A]'VOURINESS.--_adjs._ S[=A]'VOURLESS, wanting savour; S[=A]'VOURLY, well seasoned: of good taste; S[=A]'VOURY, having savour or relish: pleasant: with gusto: morally pleasant. [Fr. _saveur_--L. _sapor_--_sap[)e]re_, to taste.]

SAVOY, sa-voi', _n._ a cultivated winter variety of cabbage, forming a large close head like the true cabbage, but having wrinkled leaves--originally from _Savoy_.--_ns._ SAVOY'ARD, a native of Savoy, since 1860 part of France; SAVOY'-MED'LAR, a tree related to the June-berry or shad-bush.

SAVVY, SAVVEY, sav'i, _v.t._ to know: to understand.--_v.i._ to possess knowledge.--_n._ general ability. [Sp. _sabe_--_saber_, to know--L. _sap[)e]re_, to be wise.]

SAW, saw, _pa.t._ of _see_.

SAW, saw, _n._ an instrument for cutting, formed of a blade, band, or disc of thin steel, with a toothed edge.--_v.t._ to cut with a saw.--_v.i._ to use a saw: to be cut with a saw:--_pa.t._ sawed; _pa.p._ sawed or sawn.--_ns._ SAW'-BACK, the larva of an American bombycid moth; SAW'-BONES, a slang name for a surgeon; SAW'DUST, dust or small pieces of wood, &c., made in sawing; SAW'ER; SAW'-FILE, a three-cornered file used for sharpening the teeth of saws; SAW'-FISH, a genus of cartilaginous fishes distinguished by the prolongation of the snout into a formidable weapon bordered on each side by sharp teeth; SAW'-FLY, the common name of a number of hymenopterous insects, injurious to plants; SAW'-FRAME, the frame in which a saw is set; SAW'-GRASS, a marsh plant of the southern states of the American Union, with long slender leaves; SAW'-HORN, any insect with serrate antennæ; SAW'MILL, a mill for sawing timber; SAW'PIT, a pit where wood is sawed; SAW'-SET, an instrument for turning the teeth of saws alternately right and left; SAW'-SHARP'ENER, the greater titmouse; SAW'-T[=A]'BLE, the platform of a sawing-machine; SAW'-TEM'PERING, the process by which the requisite hardness and elasticity are given to a saw.--_adj._ SAW'-TOOTHED, having teeth like those of a saw: (_bot._) having tooth-like notches, as a leaf.--_ns._ SAW'-WHET, the Acadian owl; SAW'-WHET'TER, the marsh titmouse; SAW'YER, one who saws timber: a stranded tree in a river in America: any wood-boring larva: the bowfin fish. [A.S. _saga_; Ger. _säge_.]

SAW, saw, _n._ a saying: a proverb: a degree: a joke. [A.S. _sagu_--_secgan_, to say.]

SAW, saw, _n._ (_Scot._) salve.

SAWDER, saw'd[.e]r, _n._ flattery, blarney.

SAWNEY, SAWNY, saw'ni, _n._ a Scotchman. [For _Sandy_ from _Alexander_.]

SAX, saks, _n._ a knife, a dagger: a slate-cutter's hammer. [A.S. _seax_, a knife.]

SAX, a Scotch form of _six_.

SAXATILE, sak'sa-til, _adj._ rock inhabiting. [L. _saxatilis_--_saxum_, a rock.]

SAXE, saks, _n._ (_phot._) a German albuminised paper.

SAXHORN, saks'horn, _n._ a brass wind-instrument having a long winding tube with bell opening, invented by Antoine or Adolphe _Sax_, of Paris, about 1840.

SAXICAVA, sak-sik'a-va, _n._ a genus of bivalve molluscs.--_adj._ SAXIC'AVOUS. [L. _saxum_, a rock, _cavus_, hollow.]

SAXICOLA, sak-sik'[=o]-la, _n._ the stone-chats: the wheat-ear.--_adjs._ SAXIC'[=O]LINE, SAXIC'[=O]LOUS, living among rocks. [L. _saxum_, a rock, _col[)e]re_, inhabit.]

SAXIFRAGE, sak'si-fr[=a]j, _n._ a genus of plants of the natural order _Saxifrageæ_ or _Saxifragaceæ_, its species chiefly mountain and rock plants.--_adjs._ SAXIFRAG[=A]'CEOUS, SAXIF'R[=A]GAL, SAXIF'R[=A]GANT, SAXIF'R[=A]GOUS.--_n._ SAXIF'R[=A]GINE, a gunpowder in which barium nitrate takes the place of sulphur.--_adj._ SAXIG'ENOUS, growing on rocks.--BURNET SAXIFRAGE, the _Pimpinella Saxifraga_, whose leaves are eaten as a salad; GOLDEN SAXIFRAGE, a low half-succulent herb with yellow flowers. [Fr.,--L. _saxum_, a stone, _frang[)e]re_, to break.]

SAXON, saks'un, _n._ one of the people of North Germany who conquered England in the 5th and 6th centuries: the language of the Saxons: one of the English race: a native or inhabitant of Saxony in its later German sense: a Lowlander of Scotland: modern English.--_adj._ pertaining to the Saxons, their language, country, or architecture.--_n._ SAX'ONDOM, the Anglo-Saxon world.--_adj._ SAXON'IC.--_v.t._ SAX'ONISE, to impregnate with Saxon ideas.--_ns._ SAX'ONISM, a Saxon idiom; SAX'ONIST, a Saxon scholar.--SAXON ARCHITECTURE, a style of building in England before the Norman Conquest, marked by the peculiar 'long and short' work of the quoins, the projecting fillets running up the face of the walls and interlacing like woodwork, and the baluster-like shafts between the openings of the upper windows resembling the turned woodwork of the period; SAXON BLUE, a deep liquid blue used in dyeing; SAXON GREEN, a green colour; SAXON SHORE (_Litus Saxonicum_), in Roman times, the coast districts of Britain from Brighton northwards to the Wash, peculiarly exposed to the attacks of the Saxons from across the North Sea, and therefore placed under the authority of a special officer, the 'Count of the Saxon Shore.' [A.S. _Seaxe_--_seax_, Old High Ger. _sahs_, a knife, a short sword.]

SAXONY, sak'sni, _n._ a woollen material: flannel.