Part 10

ONLY, [=o]n'li, _adj._ single in number or kind: this above all others: alone.--_adv._ in one manner: for one purpose: singly: merely: barely: entirely.--_conj._ but: except that.--_n._ ON'LINESS. [A.S. _ánlíc_ (adj.)--_án_, one, _líc_, like.]

ONOCENTAUR, on-o-sen'tawr, _n._ a kind of centaur, half-man, half-ass.

ONOCLEA, on-[=o]-kl[=e]'a, _n._ a genus of aspidioid ferns, with contracted fertile fronds. [Gr. _onos_, a vessel, _kleiein_, to close.]

ONOLOGY, [=o]-nol'[=o]-ji, _n._ foolish talk.

ONOMANTIC, on-[=o]-man'tik, _adj._ pertaining to ON'OMANCY or (_obs._) ONOMAT'OMANCY, divination by names. [Gr. _onoma_, a name, _manteia_, divination.]

ONOMASTIC, on-[=o]-mas'tik, _adj._ pertaining to a name, esp. pertaining to the signature to a paper written in another hand.--_n._ ONOMAS'TICON, a list of words: a vocabulary. [Gr., from _onoma_, a name.]

ONOMATOLOGY, on-[=o]-ma-tol'o-ji, _n._ the science of, or a treatise on, the derivation of names.--_n._ ONOMATOL'OGIST, one versed in such. [Gr. _onoma_, _onomatos_, name, _logia_--_legein_, to discourse.]

ONOMATOPOEIA, on-[=o]-mat-o-p[=e]'ya, _n._ the formation of a word so as to resemble the sound of the thing of which it is the name: such a word itself, also the use of such a word, as 'click,' 'cuckoo'--also ONOMATOPO[=E]'SIS, or ONOMATOPOI[=E]'SIS.--_adjs._ ONOMATOPOE'IC, ONOMATOPOET'IC. [Gr. _onoma_, _-atos_, a name, _poiein_, to make.]

ONSET, on'set, _n._ violent attack: assault: storming. [_On_ and _set_.]

ONSHORE, on'sh[=o]r, _adj._ toward the land.

ONSLAUGHT, on'slawt, _n._ an attack or onset: assault. [A.S. _on_, on, _sleaht_, a stroke.]

ONST, wunst, _adv._ a vulgar form of _once_.

ONSTEAD, on'sted, _n._ (_Scot._) a farmstead, the farm buildings. [M. E. _wone_--A.S. _wunian_, to dwell, _stead_, place.]

ONTOGENESIS, on-t[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ the history of the individual development of an organised being as distinguished from _phylogenesis_ and _biogenesis_--also ONTOG'ENY.--_adjs._ ONTOGENET'IC, -AL, ONTOGEN'IC.--_adv._ ONTOGENET'ICALLY. [Gr. _onta_, things being, neut. pl. of _[=o]n_, pr.p. of _einai_, to be, _genesis_, generation.]

ONTOLOGY, on-tol'o-ji, _n._ the science that treats of the principles of pure being: that part of metaphysics which treats of the nature and essence of things.--_adjs._ ONTOLOG'IC, -AL.--_adv._ ONTOLOG'ICALLY.--_n._ ONTOL'OGIST, one versed in ontology. [Gr. _[=o]n_, _ontos_, being pr.p. of _einai_, to be, _logia_--_legein_, to discourse.]

ONUS, [=o]'nus, _n._ burden: responsibility.--ONUS PROBAND[=I], the burden of proving. [L. _onus_, burden.]

ONWARD, on'ward, _adj._ going on: advancing: advanced.--_adv._ (also ON'WARDS) toward a point on or in front: forward.

ONYM, on'im, _n._ (_zool._) the technical name of a species or other group.--_adjs._ ON'YMAL, ONYMAT'IC.--_v.i._ ON'YMISE.--_n._ ON'YMY, the use of onyms.

ONYX, on'iks, _n._ (_min._) an agate formed of layers of chalcedony of different colours, used for making cameos.--_ns._ ONYCH'IA, suppurative inflammation near the finger-nail; ONYCH[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the soft parts about the nail; ONYCH'IUM, a little claw; ON'YCHOMANCY, divination by means of the finger-nails; ONYCHON[=O]'SOS, disease of the nails.--_adj._ ONYCHOPATH'IC, affected with such.--_n._ ONYCH[=O]'SIS, disease of the nails. [L.,--Gr. _onyx_, _onychos_, a finger-nail.]

OODLES, [=oo]'dlz, _n._ (_U.S._) abundance.--Also OOD'LINS.

OOF, [=oo]f, _n._ (_slang_) money.

OÖGENESIS, [=o]-[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ the genesis and development of the ovum--also OÖG'ENY.--_adj._ OÖGENET'IC.

OÖIDAL, [=o]-oi'dal, _adj._ egg-shaped.

OÖLITE, [=o]'o-l[=i]t, _n._ (_geol._) a kind of limestone, composed of grains like the eggs or roe of a fish.--_adjs._ OÖLIT'IC; OÖLITIF'EROUS. [Gr. _[=o]on_, an egg, _lithos_, stone.]

OÖLOGY, [=o]-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science or study of birds' eggs.--_n._ O'ÖGRAPH, a mechanical device for drawing the outline of a bird's egg.--_adjs._ OÖLOG'IC, -AL.--_adv._ OÖLOG'ICALLY.--_ns._ OÖL'OGIST, one versed in oology; OÖM'ETER, an apparatus for measuring eggs.--_adj._ OÖMET'RIC.--_n._ OÖM'ETRY, the measurement of eggs. [Gr. _[=o]on_, an egg.]

OOLONG, [=oo]'long, _n._ a variety of black tea, with the flavour of green.--Also OU'LONG.

OORIE, OURIE, [=oo]'ri, _adj._ (_Scot._) feeling cold or chill, shivering.

OOZE, [=oo]z, _n._ soft mud: gentle flow, as of water through sand or earth: a kind of mud in the bottom of the ocean: the liquor of a tan vat.--_v.i._ to flow gently: to percolate, as a liquid through pores or small openings.--_adj._ OOZ'Y, resembling ooze: slimy. [M. E. _wose_--A.S. _wase_, mud; akin to A.S. _wos_, juice, Ice. _vas_, moisture.]

OPACITY, [=o]-pas'i-ti, _n._ opaqueness: obscurity.

OPACOUS, [=o]-p[=a]'kus, _adj._ Same as OPAQUE.

OPAH, [=o]'pa, _n._ a sea-fish of the Dory family--also called _Kingfish_.

OPAL, [=o]'pal, _n._ a precious stone of a milky hue, remarkable for its changing colours.--_n._ OPALESC'ENCE.--_adjs._ OPALESC'ENT, reflecting a milky or pearly light from the interior; O'PALINE, relating to, or like, opal.--_v.t._ O'PALISE. [Fr. _opale_--L. _opalus_.]

OPAQUE, [=o]-p[=a]k', _adj._ shady: dark: that cannot be seen through: not transparent.--_adv._ OPAQUE'LY.--_n._ OPAQUE'NESS, quality of being opaque: want of transparency. [Fr.,--L. _opacus_.]

OPE, [=o]p, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_poet._) short for _open_.

OPEIDOCOPE, [=o]-p[=i]'d[=o]-sk[=o]p, _n._ an instrument for illustrating sound by means of light.

OPEN, [=o]'pn, _adj._ not shut: allowing one to pass out or in: free from trees: not fenced: not drawn together: spread out: not frozen up: not frosty: free to be used, &c.: public: without reserve: frank: easily understood: generous: liberal: clear: unbalanced, as an account: attentive: free to be discussed.--_v.t._ to make open: to remove hinderances: to bring to view: to explain: to begin.--_v.i._ to become open: to unclose: to be unclosed: to begin to appear: to begin.--_n._ a clear space.--_n._ O'PENER.--_adjs._ O'PEN-EYED (_Shak._), watchful; O'PEN-HAND'ED, with an open hand: generous: liberal.--_n._ O'PEN-HAND'EDNESS.--_adj._ O'PEN-HEART'ED, with an open heart: frank: generous.--_ns._ O'PEN-HEART'EDNESS, liberality: generosity: frankness: candour; O'PENING, an open place: a breach: an aperture: beginning: first appearance: opportunity.--_adv._ O'PENLY.--_adj._ O'PEN-MIND'ED, free from prejudice: ready to receive and consider new ideas.--_n._ O'PEN-MIND'EDNESS.--_adj._ O'PEN-MOUTHED, gaping: greedy: clamorous.--_ns._ O'PENNESS; O'PEN-SES'AME, a form of words which makes barriers fly open--from the story of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves in the _Arabian Nights' Entertainments_; O'PEN-STEEK (_Scot._), a kind of open-work stitching; O'PEN-WORK, any work showing openings through it for ornament.--_adj._ open-cast, of mining work in open air.--OPEN VERDICT (see VERDICT). [A.S. _open_--_up_, up; cf. Dut. _open_--_op_, Ice. _opinn_--_upp_, and Ger. _offen_--_auf_.]

OPERA, op'[.e]r-a, _n._ a musical drama: a place where operas are performed.--_adj._ used in or for an opera, as an _opera_-glass, &c.--_ns._ OP'ERA-CLOAK, a cloak of elegant form and material for carrying into the auditorium of a theatre or opera-house as a protection against draughts; OP'ERA-DANC'ER, one who dances in ballets introduced into operas; OP'ERA-GLASS, a small glass or telescope for use at operas, theatres, &c.; OP'ERA-HAT, a hat which can be made flat by compression and expanded again to its full size; OP'ERA-HOUSE, a theatre where operas are represented; OP'ERA-SING'ER.--_adjs._ OPERAT'IC, -AL, pertaining to or resembling the opera. [It.,--L. _opera_. Cf. _Operate_.]

OPERA-BOUFFE, op'[.e]r-a-b[=oo]f, _n._ a comic opera. [Fr.,--It. _opera-buffa_. Cf. _Buffoon_.]

OPERATE, op'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.i._ to work: to exert strength: to produce any effect: to exert moral power: (_med._) to take effect upon the human system: (_surg._) to perform some unusual act upon the body with the hand or an instrument.--_v.t._ to effect: to produce by agency.--_n._ OPERAM'ETER, an instrument for indicating the number of movements made by a part of a machine.--_adj._ OP'ERANT, operative.--_n._ an operator.--_n._ OPER[=A]'TION, art or process of operating, or of being at work: that which is done or carried out: agency: influence: method of working: action or movements: surgical performance.--_adj._ OP'ER[=A]TIVE, having the power of operating or acting: exerting force: producing effects: efficacious.--_n._ a workman in a manufactory: a labourer.--_adv._ OP'ER[=A]TIVELY.--_ns._ OP'ER[=A]TIVENESS; OP'ER[=A]TOR, one who, or that which, operates or produces an effect: (_math._) a letter, &c., signifying an operation to be performed. [L. _oper[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_--_opera_, work, closely conn. with _opus_, _operis_, work.]

OPERCULUM, [=o]-p[.e]r'k[=u]-lum, _n._ (_bot._) a cover or lid: (_zool._) the plate over the entrance of a shell: the apparatus which protects the gills of fishes:--_pl._ OPER'CULA.--_adjs._ OPER'CULAR, belonging to the operculum; OPER'CULATE, -D, having an operculum; OPERCULIF'EROUS; OPER'CULIFORM; OPERCULIG'ENOUS; OPERCULIG'EROUS. [L.,--_oper[=i]re_, to cover.]

OPERETTA, op-[.e]r-et'a, _n._ a short, light musical drama. [It., dim. of _opera_.]

OPEROSE, op'[.e]r-[=o]z, _adj._ laborious: tedious.--_adv._ OP'EROSELY.--_ns._ OP'EROSENESS, OPEROS'ITY.

OPHICLEIDE, of'i-kl[=i]d, _n._ a large bass trumpet, with a deep pitch. [Fr.; coined from Gr. _ophis_, a serpent, _kleis_, _kleidos_, a key.]

OPHIDIAN, o-fid'i-an, _n._ one of the true serpents, in which the ribs are the only organs of locomotion.--_adjs._ OPHID'IAN, OPHID'IOUS, pertaining to serpents: having the nature of a serpent.--_ns._ OPHIDI[=A]'RIUM, a place where serpents are confined; OPHIOG'RAPHY, the description of serpents; OPHIOL'ATER, a serpent-worshipper.--_adj._ OPHIOL'ATROUS.--_n._ OPHIOL'ATRY, serpent-worship.--_adjs._ OPHIOLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ OPHIOL'OGIST, one versed in ophiology; OPHIOL'OGY, the study of serpents; OPH'IOMANCY, divination by serpents.--_adjs._ OPHIOMOR'PHIC, OPHIOMOR'PHOUS, having the form of a serpent; OPHIOPH'AGOUS, feeding on serpents.--_n._ OPH'ITE, one of a Gnostic sect who worshipped the serpent. [Gr. _ophidion_, dim. of _ophis_, _ophe[=o]s_, a serpent.]

OPHIURA, of-i-[=u]'ra, _n._ a genus of sand-stars.--_ns._ and _adjs._ OPHI[=U]'RAN; OPHI[=U]'ROID. [Gr. _ophis_, serpent, _oura_, tail.]

OPHTHALMIA, of-thal'mi-a, _n._ inflammation of the eye--also OPHTHAL'MY.--_adj._ OPHTHAL'MIC, pertaining to the eye.--_ns._ OPHTHAL'MIST, OPHTHALMOL'OGIST, one skilled in ophthalmology; OPHTHALM[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the eyeball; OPHTHALMODYN'IA, pain, esp. rheumatic pain, of the eye; OPHTHALMOG'RAPHY, a description of the eye.--_adjs._ OPHTHALMOLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ OPHTHALMOL'OGY, the science of the eye, its structure and functions; OPHTHALMOM'ETER, an instrument for eye-measurements; OPHTHALMOM'ETRY, the making of such; OPHTHALMOPL[=E]'GIA, paralysis of one or more of the muscles of the eye; OPHTHAL'MOSCOPE, an instrument for examining the interior of the eye.--_adjs._ OPHTHALMOSCOP'IC, -AL.--_adv._ OPHTHALMOSCOP'ICALLY.--_ns._ OPHTHAL'MOSCOPY, examination of the interior of the eye with the ophthalmoscope; OPHTHALMOT'OMY, dissection of the eye: an incision into the eye. [Gr.,--_ophthalmos_, eye.]

OPIATE, [=o]'pi-[=a]t, _n._ a drug containing opium to induce sleep: that which dulls sensation, physical or mental.--_adj._ inducing sleep.--_adj._ O'PIATED.

OPINE, o-p[=i]n', _v.i._ to suppose.--_adj._ OPIN'ABLE, capable of being thought.--_ns._ OP[=I]'NANT, one who forms an opinion; OPIN'ICUS (_her._), a half-lion, half-dragon. [Fr.,--L. _opin[=a]ri_, to think.]

OPINION, [=o]-pin'yun, _n._ one's belief, judgment: favourable estimation: (_Shak._) opinionativeness.--_adjs._ OPIN'IONABLE, that may be matter of opinion; OPIN'ION[=A]TED, OPIN'IONED, firmly adhering to one's own opinions.--_adv._ OPIN'ION[=A]TELY (_obs._).--_adj._ OPIN'ION[=A]TIVE, unduly attached to one's own opinions: stubborn.--_adv._ OPIN'ION[=A]TIVELY.--_ns._ OPIN'ION[=A]TIVENESS; OPIN'IONIST. [L.]

OPISOMETER, op-i-som'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring curved lines on a map. [Gr. _opis[=o]_, backward, _metron_, measure.]

OPISTHOBRANCHIATE, [=o]-pis-th[=o]-brang'ki-[=a]t, _adj._ having the gills behind the heart--_n._ OPISTHOBRANCH'ISM.

OPISTHOCOELIAN, [=o]-pis-th[=o]-s[=e]'li-an, _adj._ hollow or concave behind, as a vertebra.--Also OPISTHOCOE'LOUS.

OPISTHOCOMOUS, op-is-thok'[=o]-mus, _adj._ having an occipital crest.

OPISTHODOMOS, op-is-thod'[=o]-mos, _n._ a rear-chamber or treasury at the back of the cella in some temples. [Gr.]

OPISTHODONT, [=o]-pis'th[=o]-dont, _adj._ having back teeth only.

OPISTHOGASTRIC, [=o]-pis-th[=o]-gas'trik, _adj._ behind the stomach.

OPISTHOGNATHOUS, op-is-thog'n[=a]-thus, _adj._ having retreating jaws or teeth.

OPISTHOGRAPH, [=o]-pis'th[=o]-graf, _n._ a manuscript or a slab inscribed on the back as well as the front.--_adj._ OPISTHOGRAPH'IC, written on both sides.--_n._ OPISTHOG'RAPHY.

OPIUM, [=o]'pi-um, _n._ the narcotic juice of the white poppy.--_n._ O'PIUM-EAT'ER, one who makes a habitual use of opium. [L.,--Gr. _opion_, dim. from _opos_, sap.]

OPOBALSAM, op-[=o]-bal'sam, _n._ a resinous juice, balm of Gilead.

OPODELDOC, op-[=o]-del'dok, _n._ a solution of soap in alcohol, with camphor and essential oils, soap-liniment. [Fr., perh. from Gr. _opos_, juice.]

OPOPANAX, [=o]-pop'a-naks, _n._ a gum-resin used in perfumery and formerly in medicine. [Gr., opos, juice, _panax_, a plant, _panak[=e]s_, all-healing.]

OPORICE, [=o]-por'i-s[=e], _n._ a medicine prepared from quinces, pomegranates, &c.

OPOSSUM, o-pos'um, _n._ a small American marsupial mammal, nocturnal, mainly arboreal, with prehensile tail: an Australian marsupial. [West Indian.]

OPPIDAN, op'i-dan, _n._ at Eton, a student who is not a foundationer or colleger. [L. _oppidanus_--_oppidum_, town.]

OPPILATION, op-i-l[=a]'shun, _n._ stoppage.--_v.t._ OPP'ILATE, to crowd together.--_adj._ OPP'IL[=A]TIVE, obstructive. [L.]

OPPONENT, [=o]-p[=o]'nent, _adj._ opposing in action, speech, &c.: placed in front.--_n._ one who opposes.

OPPORTUNE, op-or-t[=u]n', _adj._ present at a proper time: timely: convenient.--_adv._ OPPORTUNE'LY.--_ns._ OPPORTUNE'NESS; OPPORTUN'ISM, practice of regulating principles by favourable opportunities without regard to consistency; OPPORTUN'IST, a politician who waits for events before declaring his opinions: a person without settled principles; OPPORTUN'ITY, an opportune or convenient time: a good occasion or chance. [Fr.,--L. _opportunus_--_ob_, before, _portus_, a harbour.]

OPPOSE, o-p[=o]z', _v.t._ to place before or in the way of: to set against: to place as an obstacle: to resist: to check: to compete with.--_v.i._ to make objection.--_n._ OPPOSABIL'ITY.--_adjs._ OPPOS'ABLE, that may be opposed; OPPOSE'LESS (_Shak._), not to be opposed, irresistible.--_n._ OPPOS'ER, one who opposes.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ OPPOS'IT, to negative. [Fr.,--L. _ob_, Fr. _poser_, to place.]

OPPOSITE, op'[=o]-zit, _adj._ placed over against: standing in front: situated on opposite sides: contrasted with: opposed to: of an entirely different nature.--_n._ that which is opposed or contrary: an opponent.--_adv._ OPP'OSITELY.--_n._ OPP'OSITENESS.--BE OPPOSITE WITH (_Shak._), to be perverse and contradictory in dealing with. [Fr.,--L. _oppositus_--_ob_, against, _pon[)e]re_, _positum_, to place.]

OPPOSITION, op-[=o]-zish'un, _n._ state of being placed over against: position over against: repugnance: contrariety: contrast: act or action of opposing: resistance: that which opposes: obstacle: (_logic_) a difference of quantity or quality between two propositions having the same subject and predicate: the party that opposes the ministry or existing administration: (_astron._) the situation of heavenly bodies when 180 degrees apart.--_n._ OPPOSI'TIONIST, one who belongs to an opposing party, esp. that opposed to the government. [_Opposite._]

OPPRESS, o-pres', _v.t._ to press against or upon: to use severely: to burden: to lie heavy upon: to constrain: to overpower: to treat unjustly: to load with heavy burdens.--_n._ OPPRESS'ION, act of oppressing or treating unjustly or harshly: severity: cruelty: state of being oppressed: misery: hardship: injustice: dullness of spirits: (_Shak._) pressure.--_adj._ OPPRESS'IVE, tending to oppress: overburdensome: treating with severity or injustice: heavy: overpowering: difficult to bear.--_adv._ OPPRESS'IVELY.--_ns._ OPPRESS'IVENESS; OPPRESS'OR, one who oppresses. [Fr.,--L. _opprim[)e]re_, _oppressum_--_ob_, against, _prem[)e]re_, to press.]

OPPROBRIOUS, o-pr[=o]'bri-us, _adj._ expressive of opprobrium or disgrace: reproachful: infamous: despised.--_adv._ OPPR[=O]'BRIOUSLY.--_ns._ OPPR[=O]'BRIOUSNESS; OPPR[=O]'BRIUM, reproach expressing contempt or disdain: disgrace: infamy. [L.,--_ob_, against, _probrum_, reproach.]

OPPUGN, o-p[=u]n', _v.t._ to fight against, esp. by argument: to oppose: to resist.--_n._ OPPUGN'ER. [Fr.,--L. _oppugn[=a]re_, to fight against--_ob_, against, _pugna_, a fight.]

OPPUGNANCY, o-pug'nan-si, _n._ (_Shak._) opposition, resistance.--_adj._ OPPUG'NANT, opposing: hostile.--_n._ an opponent. [L. _oppugnans_, _-antis_, _pr.p._ of _oppugn[=a]re_.]

OPSIMATHY, op-sim'a-thi, _n._ learning obtained late in life. [Gr.,--_opse_, late, _mathein_, to learn.]

OPSIOMETER, op-si-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an optometer.

OPSONIUM, op-s[=o]'ni-um, _n._ anything eaten with bread as a relish, esp. fish.--_ns._ OPSOM[=A]'NIA, any morbid love for some special kind of food; OPSOM[=A]'NIAC, one who manifests the foregoing. [Gr. _ops[=o]nion_--_opson_, strictly boiled meat, any relish.]

OPTATIVE, op'ta-tiv, or op-t[=a]'tiv, _adj._ expressing desire or wish.--_n._ (_gram._) a mood of the verb expressing wish.--_adv._ OP'TATIVELY. [L. _optativus_--_opt[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to wish.]

OPTIC, -AL, op'tik, -al, _adj._ relating to sight, or to optics.--_n._ OP'TIC (_Pope_), an organ of sight: an eye.--_adv._ OP'TICALLY.--_ns._ OPTIC'IAN, one skilled in optics: one who makes or sells optical instruments; OP'TICS (_sing._), the science of the nature and laws of vision and light; OPTIM'ETER, OPTOM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the refractive powers of the eye; OPTOM'ETRY, the measurement of the visual powers.--OPTIC AXIS, the axis of the eye--that is, a line going through the middle of the pupil and the centre of the eye. [Fr. _optique_--Gr. _optikos_.]

OPTIME, op'ti-m[=e], _n._ in the university of Cambridge, one of those in the second or third rank of honours (_senior_ and _junior optimes_ respectively), next to the wranglers.--_n.pl._ OPTIM[=A]'TES, the Roman aristocracy. [L. _optimus_, best.]

OPTIMISM, op'ti-mizm, _n._ the doctrine that everything is ordered for the best: a disposition to take a hopeful view of things--opp. to _Pessimism_.--_v.i._ OP'TIMISE, to take the most hopeful view of anything.--_n._ OP'TIMIST, one who holds that everything is ordered for the best.--_adj._ OPTIMIST'IC.--_adv._ OPTIMIST'ICALLY.--_n._ OP'TIMUM (_bot._), that point of temperature at which metabolic--i.e. vegetative and fructificative processes are best carried on. [L. _optimus_, best.]

OPTION, op'shun, _n._ act of choosing: power of choosing or wishing: wish.--_adj._ OP'TIONAL, left to one's option or choice.--_adv._ OP'TIONALLY.--_n._ OP'TIONS, a mode of speculating, chiefly in stocks and shares, which is intended to limit the speculator's risk. It consists in paying a sum down for the right to _put_ (make delivery) or _call_ (call for delivery) a given amount of stock at a fixed future date, the price also being fixed at the time the contract is entered into.--LOCAL OPTION (see LOCAL). [L. _optio_, _optionis_--_opt[=a]re_, to choose.]

OPTOMETER, OPTOMETRY. See OPTIC.

OPULENT, op'[=u]-lent, _adj._ wealthy.--_n._ OP'ULENCE, means: riches: wealth.--_adv._ OP'ULENTLY. [Fr.,--L. _op-ulentus_.]

OPUNTIA, [=o]-pun'shi-a, _n._ a genus of cacti.

OPUS, [=o]'pus, _n._ work, a work.--OPUS MAGNUM, the great work of one's life; OPUS OPERANTIS (_theol._), the effect of a sacrament ascribed chiefly, if not exclusively, to the spiritual disposition of the recipient, the grace flowing _ex opere operantis_--the Protestant view; OPUS OPERATUM, the due celebration of a sacrament necessarily involving the grace of the sacrament, which flows _ex opere operato_ from the sacramental act performed independent of the merit of him who administers it--the R.C. view.

OPUSCULE, [=o]-pus'k[=u]l, _n._ a little work.--Also OPUS'CLE, OPUS'CULUM. [L. _opusculum_, dim. of _opus_, work.]

OR, or, _adv._ ere, before. [_Ere._]

OR, or, _conj._ marking an alternative, and sometimes opposition [short for _other_, modern Eng. _either_].--_prep._ (_B._) before. [In this sense a corr. of _ere_.]

OR, or, _n._ (_her._) gold. [Fr.,--L. _aurum_, gold.]

ORACH, ORACHE, or'ach, _n._ one of several European plants used as spinach. [Fr. _arroche_.]

ORACLE, or'a-kl, _n._ the answer spoken or uttered by the gods: the place where responses were given, and the deities supposed to give them: a person famed for wisdom: a wise decision: (_B._) the sanctuary: (_pl._) the revelations made to the prophets: the word of God.--_adj._ ORAC'ULAR, delivering oracles: resembling oracles: grave: venerable: not to be disputed: ambiguous: obscure--also ORAC'ULOUS.--_ns._ ORACULAR'ITY, ORAC'ULARNESS.--_adv._ ORAC'ULARLY. [Fr.,--L. _ora-culum_, double dim. from _or[=a]re_, to speak--_os_, _oris_, the mouth.]

ORAGIOUS, [=o]-r[=a]'jus, _adj._ stormy. [Fr.]

ORAISON, or'i-zun, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as ORISON.

ORAL, [=o]'ral, _adj._ uttered by the mouth: spoken, not written.--_adv._ O'RALLY. [L. _os_, _oris_, the mouth.]

ORALE, or-[=a]'le, _n._ a white silk veil, with coloured stripes, sometimes worn by the Pope.

ORANG, [=o]-rang', _n._ See ORANG-OUTANG.

ORANGE, or'anj, _n._ a delightful gold-coloured fruit with a thick, rough skin, within which are usually from eight to ten juicy divisions: the tree on which it grows: a colour composed of red and yellow.--_adj._ pertaining to an orange: orange-coloured.--_ns._ ORANGE[=A]DE', a drink made with orange juice; OR'ANGE-BLOSS'OM, the white blossom of the orange-tree, worn by brides.--_adj._ OR'ANGE-COL'OURED, having the colour of an orange.--_ns._ OR'ANGE-LIL'Y, a garden-plant with large orange flowers; OR'ANGE-PEEL, the rind of an orange separated from the pulp; OR'ANGERY, a plantation of orange-trees: an orange-garden.--_adj._ OR'ANGE-TAW'NY (_Shak._), of a colour between orange and brown.--_n._ the colour itself.--_n._ OR'ANGE-WIFE (_Shak._), a woman who sells oranges. [Fr.,--It. _arancio_--Pers. _naranj_, the _n_ being dropped; it was thought to come from L. _aurum_, gold, hence Low L. _aurantium_.]

ORANGEMAN, or'anj-man, _n._ a member of a society instituted in Ireland in 1795 to uphold Protestantism, or the cause of William of _Orange_--a secret society since its formal suppression in 1835 after a protracted parliamentary inquiry.--_adj._ OR'ANGE.--_n._ OR'ANGEISM. [From the principality of _Orange_ (L. _Arausio_), near Avignon, ruled by its own sovereigns from the 11th to the 16th century, passing by the last heiress in 1531 to the Count of Nassau, father of William the Silent.]

ORANG-OUTANG, [=o]-rang'-[=oo]-tang', _n._ an anthropoid ape, found only in the forests of Sumatra and Borneo, reddish-brown, arboreal in habit.--Also ORANG' and ORANG'-UTAN'. [Malay, 'man of the woods.']

ORANT, [=o]'rant, _n._ a worshipping figure in ancient Greek and early Christian art.

ORARIAN, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to the coast. [L. _ora_, the shore.]

ORARION, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-on, _n._ a deacon's stole in the Eastern Church.

ORARIUM, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a linen neckcloth or handkerchief: a scarf attached to a bishop's staff. [L. _os_, _oris_, the mouth.]

ORARIUM, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a collection of private devotions. [L. _or[=a]re_, to pray.]

ORATION, [=o]-r[=a]'shun, _n._ a public speech of a formal character: an eloquent speech.--_n._ ORATIUN'CLE, a brief speech. [Fr.,--L. _oratio_--_or[=a]re_, to pray.]

ORATOR, or'a-tor, _n._ a public speaker: a man of eloquence: a spokesman or advocate:--_fem._ OR'ATRESS, OR'ATRIX.--_v.i._ OR'[=A]TE, to deliver an oration.--_adjs._ ORAT[=O]'RIAL; ORATOR'ICAL, pertaining to oratory: becoming an orator.--_adv._ ORATOR'ICALLY.--_n._ OR'ATORY, the art of speaking well, or so as to please and persuade, esp. publicly: the exercise of eloquence: an apartment or building for private worship: one of various congregations in the R.C. Church, esp. the Fathers of the Oratory, established by St Philip Neri (1515-95): a religious house of theirs.

ORATORIO, or-a-t[=o]'ri-[=o], _n._ a sacred story set to music, which, as in the opera, requires soloists, chorus, and full orchestra for its performance, the theatrical adjuncts, however, of scenery, costumes, and acting bring dispensed with. [It., so called because first performed in the _Oratory_ of the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, near Rome, under the care of St Philip Neri (1571-94).]

ORB, orb, _adj._ (_obs._) bereft, esp. of children. [L. _orbus_.]

ORB, orb, _n._ a circle: a sphere: a celestial body: a wheel: any rolling body: the eye: (_archit._) a blank window or panel: the globe forming part of regalia, the monde or mound: the space within which the astrological influence of a planet operates.--_v.t._ to surround: to form into an orb.--_adjs._ OR'BATE; ORBED, in the form of an orb; circular; ORBIC'ULAR, having the form of an orb or sphere: spherical: round.--_n._ ORBICUL[=A]'RIS, a muscle surrounding an opening.--_adv._ ORBIC'ULARLY.--_n._ ORBIC'ULARNESS.--_adjs._ ORBIC'ULATE, -D, made in the form of an orb.--_n._ ORBICUL[=A]'TION.--_adj._ OR'BY, orbed. [L. _orbis_, circle.]

ORBILIUS, or-bil'i-us, _n._ a flogging schoolmaster--from Horace's master.

ORBIT, or'bit, _n._ the path in which one of the heavenly bodies, as a planet, moves round another, as the sun: the hollow in the bone in which the eyeball rests--also OR'BITA: the skin round the eye.--_adjs._ OR'BITAL, OR'BITARY. [L. _orbita_--_orbis_, a ring.]

ORC, ork, _n._ any whale, the grampus. [L. _orca_.]

ORCADIAN, or-k[=a]'di-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the Orkney Islands.--_n._ an inhabitant or a native of the Orkneys. [L. _Orcades_.]

ORCHARD, or'chard, _n._ a garden of fruit-trees, esp. of apple-trees, also the enclosure containing such.--_ns._ OR'CHARD-HOUSE, a glass house for cultivating fruits without artificial heat; OR'CHARDING; OR'CHARDIST. [A.S. _orceard_--older form _ort-geard_.]

ORCHELLA-WEED=_Archil_ (q. v.).

ORCHEOCELE, or-ke-o-s[=e]l', _n._ a tumour or inflammation of the testicle.--_ns._ ORCHIAL'GIA, pain, esp. neuralgia, in a testicle; ORCHIDEC'TOMY, ORCHOT'OMY, the excision of a testicle; ORCHIODYN'IA, pain in a testicle; ORCH[=I]'TIS, inflammation of a testicle.--_adj._ ORCHIT'IC. [Gr. _orchis_, a testicle, _k[=e]l[=e]_, a tumour.]

ORCHESTRA, or'kes-tra, _n._ in the Greek theatre, the place where the chorus danced: now the part of a theatre or concert-room in which the musicians are placed: the performers in an orchestra.--_ns._ ORCH[=E]'SIS, the art of dancing or rhythmical movement of the body; ORCHESOG'RAPHY, the theory of dancing.--_adjs._ OR'CHESTRAL, ORCHES'TRIC, of or pertaining to an orchestra: performed in an orchestra.--_v.t._ OR'CHESTR[=A]TE, to arrange for an orchestra.--_ns._ ORCHESTR[=A]'TION, the arrangement of music for an orchestra: instrumentation; ORCHES'TRION, a musical instrument of the barrel-organ kind, designed to imitate an orchestra. [L.,--Gr. _orch[=e]stra_--_orchesthai_, to dance.]

ORCHID, or'kid, _n._ a plant with a rich, showy, often fragrant flower, frequently found growing, in warm countries, on rocks and stems of trees.--_adjs._ ORCHID[=A]'CEOUS, ORCHID'[=E]OUS, pertaining to the orchids.--_ns._ ORCHIDOL'OGY, the knowledge of orchids; OR'CHIS, a genus containing ten of the British species of orchids. [Gr. _orchis_, a testicle.]

ORCHIL, or'kil, _n._ the colouring matter derived from archil (q.v.).

ORCINE, or'sin, _n._ a colouring matter obtained from orchella-weed and other lichens.

ORDAIN, or-d[=a]n', _v.t._ to put in order: to appoint: to dispose or regulate: to set apart for an office: to invest with ministerial functions.--_adj._ ORDAIN'ABLE.--_ns._ ORDAIN'ER; ORDAIN'MENT.--_adj._ OR'DINAL, showing order or succession.--_n._ a number noting order or place among others: a body of regulations, a book containing forms and rules for ordination.--_n._ OR'DINANCE, that which is ordained by authority: a law: a religious practice or right established by authority.--_adj._ OR'DINANT (_Shak._), ordaining, decreeing.--_n._ one who ordains, as a bishop--opp. to OR'DINAND, or one who is to be ordained.--_n._ ORDIN[=A]'TION, the act of ordaining: admission to the Christian ministry by the laying on of hands of a bishop or a presbytery: established order. [O. Fr. _ordener_ (Fr. _ordonner_)--L. _ordin[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ordo_.]

ORDEAL, or'de-al, _n._ a dealing out or giving of just judgment: an ancient form of referring a disputed question to the judgment of God, by lot, fire, water, &c.: any severe trial or examination. [A.S. _or-dél_, _or-dál_; cf. Dut. _oor-deel_, Ger. _ur-theil_.]