CHAPTER V.

≈The General Effect of the More Important Elements in Tool Steels≈ 61

≈Carbon Steels≈ 61

≈Alloy Steels≈ 63

≈High Speed Steels≈ 64

≈Elements Which Occur in all Steels≈ 66

≈Iron≈ 66

≈Carbon≈ 67

≈Manganese≈ 67

≈Silicon≈ 68

≈Phosphorus≈ 69

≈Sulphur≈ 70

≈Elements Which Have Become Especially Associated with Special Alloy Steels≈ 70

≈Chromium≈ 70

≈Tungsten≈ 72

≈Molybdenum≈ 73

≈Vanadium≈ 73

≈Cobalt≈ 74

≈Uranium, Titanium and Aluminum≈ 75

≈Impurities≈ 75

≈Heat Treatment≈ 76

≈Hardening≈ 77

≈Annealing≈ 79

≈Tempering≈ 81

≈Conclusion≈ 84