Part 7
[Illustration: OLD FAITHFUL GEYSER, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK.--Of all the geysers in the Yellowstone Park, this is one of the most interesting and noted on account of the great regularity of its eruptions, affording splendid opportunities for observation. It is located in the Upper Geyser Basin, and is situated on a mound of geyserite built by its own water. The eruptions begin with preliminary splashes, and continue for several minutes, becoming more powerful as they follow in rapid succession, when all at once the steam and water are thrown to a height of one hundred and fifty feet; this action occurs at intervals of every sixty-five minutes and lasts from four to five minutes.]
[Illustration: YELLOWSTONE LAKE AND HOT SPRINGS, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK.--This large and beautiful sheet of water is nearly one-half mile higher than the summit of Mount Washington, N. H., and is surrounded by snow-capped mountains. It covers an area of one hundred and fifty square miles, and has a great depth. Trout are so plentiful that there is little pleasure afforded in capturing them. The lake is fed by numerous large tributaries and a score of smaller streams. A number of boiling springs, charged with sulphur, alum and alkali, dot its shores; and the fishermen can cook their trout by dropping them into the boiling springs without walking from the spot where they are caught.]
[Illustration: YELLOWSTONE FALLS, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK.--After the water of the Yellowstone releases itself from the deep, symmetrical pool at the foot of the Upper Falls, the river turns to the left and flows through high bluffs for a short distance, until its sea-green water leaps from the top of the Great Falls, three hundred and sixty feet deep, into the profound, abysmal solitude of the Grand Canyon. This great mass of water breaks into fleecy columns and sheets of glistening foam as it descends; but it strikes the pool below with such a great concussion that it is forced upwards in fountains of spray and clouds of mist.]
[Illustration: GRAND CANYON OF THE YELLOWSTONE, WYOMING.--This wonderful gorge, whose scenic beauty is not equaled anywhere, has a scene of enchantment surpassing all expectations. From the Lower Falls it reveals the most varied groups of crags and rock ever beheld. It passes through a volcanic plateau, forming broken walls of barbaric richness of coloring that almost defies description. Red, purple and yellow predominate, and with the white foam of the rushing river through the bottom, and the dark green of the forest upon the plateau, form one of the grandest natural sights in earth.]
[Illustration: ANIMAS CANYON, COLORADO.--This canyon is between Durango and Silverton, and the scenery through it is of surpassing grandeur and beauty. The railroad follows the course of the Animas River (to which the Spaniard gave the musical but melancholy title of "Rio de las Animas Perdidas," or River of Lost Souls) until the picturesque mining town of Silverton is reached. To the right is the silvery Animas River, which frets in its narrowing bed, and breaks into foam against the opposing boulders, beyond which rise the hills; to the left are mountains, increasing in rugged contour as the advance is made, and in the shadow of the rocks all is solitary, weird and awful; the startled traveler loses all apprehension in the wondrous beauty and grandeur of the scene.]
[Illustration: GRAND CANYON Of THE ARKANSAS RIVER, COLORADO.--There are no words which can properly describe this great and magnificent canyon, the crowning attraction, the wonder of wonders, the marvel of marvels, in Colorado's scenery. This canyon is seven miles in length, and presents the grandest scenery in the world. This photograph represents the Royal Gorge, where the canyon is three hundred feet deep. As it is not sufficiently wide for railroad and river to pass through, the road is carried above the river, on a hanging bridge, which is shown in the picture.]
[Illustration: MOUNTAIN OF THE HOLY CROSS, COLORADO.--This mountain is without doubt the most remarkable and the most noted of the Rockies, on account of the cross from which it received its name. Near the top is seen the cross, formed by deep crevices in its side, which are filled with perpetual snow and ice. The sight of wildwood, of tree-crowned slope, of rocky heights, of silvery cascades whose white threads of water are occasionally seen wearing away rifts in the rocks, renders the mountain one of the most enchanting of the many mountains in Colorado.]
[Illustration: MANITOU AND PIKE'S PEAK, COLORADO.--Manitou was known to white men long before Major Pike discovered the peak, and is noted for its famous soda springs, whose health-giving properties were familiar to the Indians from time immemorial. To this favored spot they made their pilgrimages, and in grateful recognition of the beneficent characteristics of the waters, they named the place in honor of the Great Spirit, and bestowed upon it the musical and significant title, Manitou. It is visited by thousands of tourists every season, and many make the ascent from here to the top of Pike's Peak, which is seen in the background.]
[Illustration: SUMMIT OF PIKE'S PEAK, COLORADO.--In 1806 Major Zebulon Pike first described this wonderful snow-capped peak, which now bears his name, and which he called the "Great Snow Mountain." When the mountain first dawned on his view, he was one hundred miles east on the plains. This noted peak towers to the height of 14,147 feet, and its top is covered with perpetual snow. This photograph represents the U. S. Signal Station on its summit. The top is now reached by an incline railway from Manitou, and from it the traveler may behold one of the grandest sights in Colorado.]
[Illustration: GATEWAY TO THE GARDEN OF THE GODS, COLORADO.--Why this wonderful valley, which has not the appearance of a garden, was named the Garden of the Gods, no one knows; but, no doubt, by reason of its apt alliterations, the name has become so popular that it would be foolish to change it. There are many remains which show that Titanic forces have been at work here. It does not require a lively imagination to discover in the garden an endless variety of beings, such as the lion, the seal, the elephant, birds and reptiles of imitative forms. The most noted object is the Great Gateway.]
[Illustration: CATHEDRAL SPIRES, COLORADO.--The stranger passing through Manitou should not fail to visit the Garden of the Gods, in which are located the Cathedral Spires, wonderful rock formations, standing upright, with pinnacles several hundred feet high. The wonderful region in which these spires are, in point of attraction, ranks with the sunny slopes of Italy, and the rugged grandeur of the Bernese Oberland. The scenery in this locality is so varied, so grand, and so impressive, that contemplative pauses must be made in order that the eye may grasp all the charming details of the view.]
[Illustration: LIFE IN OKLAHOMA, OKLAHOMA TERRITORY.--Oklahoma Territory is a beautiful stretch of country, abounding in vast and fertile plains. In the eastern part, the soil is particularly rich and well irrigated, making it almost as productive as a garden. The territory was formerly the special domain for all the Indian tribes, but this original race seems to be gradually becoming extinct. The above photograph represents a scene in Oklahoma County. This county is nearly in the centre of the territory, on the line of it railroad which has recently been opened. Owing to its admirable adaptability for agriculture, it is fast becoming populated. The picture suggests the most primitive rural simplicity.]
[Illustration: INDIAN WIGWAM, INDIAN TERRITORY.--The red man, the original inhabitant of American soil, is represented here at his hut, with his gun and the reins of his horse in his hands. He has a universal belief in a Supreme Being, though his religious attributes are associated with various manifestations of natural phenomena. He believes in the immortality of the soul, but his conceptions of the future system of reward and punishment are confused. The American Indians are slowly diminishing in number on account of the progress of the white man. Their present population is about 255,000, and the greatest number are gathered upon their reservations in Indian Territory.]
[Illustration: CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.--This city, which is now the most important centre of commerce in the Northwestern States, is situated at the mouth of the Chicago River, on Lake Michigan. The first inhabitants known to have been in the locality were the Pollawatomie Indians, and the earliest Europeans were French fur traders, who visited the site in 1654. Fort Dearborn was built in 1804, when the first attempt was made to settle here; but the Indians destroyed and massacred most of the garrison in 1812. In 1816 the place was rebuilt and to-day stands as one of the leading cities of America. The above represents State Street, one of the principal thoroughfares, and the Palmer House, one of its leading hotels.]
[Illustration: NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK.--The above falls constitute perhaps the most striking natural wonder in the world. Above the falls, the river is divided by Goat Island, forming the Horseshoe Falls, with a perpendicular descent of one hundred and fifty-eight feet. The height of the American Falls is one hundred and sixty-seven feet. Below the cataract, the river is very deep and narrow, varying from one hundred to three hundred yards, and flows between perpendicular rocks, two hundred and fifty feet high, into a gorge, which is crossed by several suspension bridges. These falls are world-famed, and are visited by thousands of tourists from different parts of the world.]
[Illustration: BUNKER HILL MONUMENT, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.--On an elevation of one hundred and ten feet, in the town of Charlestown, one mile from Boston, towers the above-named monument to commemorate one of the most celebrated battles of the American Revolution, fought here on the 17th of June, 1775. The British remained master of the field after a long and bloody contest, but their victory was dearly bought. The monument, two hundred and twenty-one feet in height, stands in the centre of the ground, included within the redoubts on Breed's Hill.]
[Illustration: NEW YORK, N. Y.--The metropolis of the United States, is considered the headquarters of the stock and money market. It is here where the greater number of foreign vessels land and depart, and where the majority of immigrants first step upon our shores. The city is built on Manhattan Island, which is 13 miles long, and from 2 to 4 miles wide. This picture represents Park Row, and the New York Times' Building in the front, and the general Post-Office on the right, which is a large granite structure, and an ornament to the city. New York has a population of nearly two million people, composed of all nationalities. This city gives to the student of human nature an excellent opportunity to observe the life and habits of the different nations.]
[Illustration: BROOKLYN BRIDGE, NEW YORK.--This bridge, connecting New York with Brooklyn, is by far the largest suspension bridge yet constructed. The work commenced in 1870, and opened for traffic on May 24, 1883. The central span, from tower to tower, measures fifteen hundred and ninety-five and one-half feet. In the centre is a foot-way, fifteen and one-half feet wide, and raised twelve feet above the other passages, affording an open view on both sides. There are tracks on each side for cable cars, worked by a stationary engine on the Brooklyn side, and on the outside are wagon-ways. The entire cost was $15,500,000.]
[Illustration: ELEVATED RAILROAD, NEW YORK, N. Y.--The steam cars, the street railway and the electric road are the three modern modes of transportation. The motive power of the elevated railroads of New York City is steam, and the quick facilities afforded exceed that of any other country. These elevated railroads are sufficiently high so as not to interfere with street traffic, stations are located every four or five blocks apart, there is little delay, and a passenger can ride from one end of the city to the other in a very short time. It is said that one million people ride daily on the elevated railroads of New York giving the company an income of $50,000 per day. The above photograph represents the railroad at Chatham Square, where it branches off into different directions.]
[Illustration: STATUE OF LIBERTY, NEW YORK HARBOR, N. Y.--This magnificent monument, the work of Bartholdi, was presented by the French Government to the people of the United States as a token of sisterly love and respect, and as a means of still further cementing the good feelings of the two greatest republics on the globe. The statue stands on Bedloe's Island, in New York harbor. The torch of liberty, held in the right hand, is illuminated at night by a huge electric light. The pedestal on which the statue stands was built by voluntary contributions, solicited by the New York _World_.]
[Illustration: CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.--Philadelphia, the third city of the United States and the metropolis of Pennsylvania, often called the City of Brotherly Love, was founded in 1682 by William Penn. This picture represents Chestnut Street, the principal retail business street and the avenue on which the leading banking institutions are located. The building on the right is Independence Hall, in which was declared the independence of the United States. The liberty bell is still preserved and found at the entrance of the building. The structure in the background is a banking house.]
[Illustration: MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.--Perhaps no street in the world furnishes an avenue for so much business as does Market Street. The street from this point, which terminates at the Delaware River, making a total of fourteen squares, is full of wholesale houses. There are times during the day when it is packed with teams and pedestrians, presenting an interesting sight for a stranger. The building on the right-hand side is considered the largest store of its kind in the world. The cars on Market Street are run by cable, a system introduced a few years ago.]
[Illustration: FORT SAN MARCO, ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA, U. S. A.--St. Augustine, having the distinction of being the oldest city in the United States, was founded by Europeans and has recently become a popular winter watering-place. It is thirty-six miles from Jacksonville, and stands on a sandy peninsula. Along the sea-front, for nearly a mile, extends a granite-coped sea-wall; and, at its northern end, stands the Fort of San Marco, a well-preserved specimen of Spanish military architecture, built in 1756. The fort has a moat and outworks, and its walls are twenty-one feet high. It is in the form of a trapezium, and covers four acres.]
[Illustration: PONCE DE LEON, ST. AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA.]
[Illustration: THE CAPITOL, WASHINGTON, D. C.]
[Illustration: WHITE HOUSE, WASHINGTON, D. C.--The official residence of the President of the United States, is beautifully situated at the western extremity of Pennsylvania Avenue, about a mile and a half west of the Capitol. It is constructed of Freestone, painted white. Its dimensions are 170 feet front and 86 feet deep. The garden-front is very beautiful and admirably kept, the lawn sloping down to the Potomac River. In the square in front of the Mansion, stands the celebrated equestrian statue of General Jackson. Very close to the White House are located the State Treasury, and Navy and War departments.]