part one

has to perform in, or as in, a play. Were it my cueto fight, I should have known it Without a prompter. Shak.

5. Humor; temper of mind. [Colloq.] Dickens.

6. A straight tapering rod used to impel the balls in playing billiards.

CUE Cue, v. t.

Defn: To form into a cue; to braid; to twist.

CUE Cue, n. Etym: [From q, an abbreviation for quadrans a farthing.]

Defn: A small portion of bread or beer; the quantity bought with a farthing or half farthing. [Obs.]

Note: The term was formerly current in the English universities, the letter q being the mark in the buttery books to denote such a portion. Nares. Hast thou worn Gowns in the university, tossed logic, Sucked philosophy, eat cues Old Play.

CUERPO Cuer"po (kwr"p), n. Etym: [Sp. cuerpo, fr. L. corpus body. See Corpse.]

Defn: The body. In cuerpo, without full dress, so that the shape of the Body is exposed; hence, naked or uncovered. Exposed in cuerpo to their rage. Hudibras.

CUESTA Cues"ta, n. [Sp.]

Defn: A sloping plain, esp. one with the upper end at the crest of a cliff; a hill or ridge with one face steep and the opposite face gently sloping. [Southwestern U. S.]

CUFF Cuff (kf), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cuffed (k; p. pr. & vb. n. Cuffing.] Etym: [Cf. Sw. kuffa to knock, push,kufva to check, subdue, and E. cow, v. t. ]

1. To strike; esp., to smite with the palm or flat of the hand; to slap. I swear I'll cuff you, if you strike again. Shak. They with their quills did all the hurt they could, And cuffed the tender chickens from their food. Dryden.

2. To buffet. "Cuffed by the gale." Tennyson.

CUFF Cuff, v. i.

Defn: To fight; to scuffle; to box. While the peers cuff to make the rabble sport. Dryden.

CUFF Cuff, n.

Defn: A blow; esp.,, a blow with the open hand; a box; a slap. Snatcheth his sword, and fiercely to him flies; Who well it wards, and quitten cuff with cuff. Spenser. Many a bitter kick and cuff. Hudibras.

CUFF Cuff, n. Etym: [Perh. from F. coiffe headdress, hood, or coif; as if the cuff were a cap for the hand. Cf. Coif.]

1. The fold at the end of a sleeve; the part of a sleeve turned back from the hand. He would visit his mistress in a morning gown, band,short cuffs, and a peaked beard. Arbuthnot.

2. Any ornamental appendage at the wrist, whether attached to the sleeve of the garment or separate;especially, in modern times, such an appendage of starched linen, or a substitute for it of paper, or the like.

CUFFY Cuf"fy (k, n.

Defn: A name for a negro. [Slang]

CUFIC Cu"fic (k`fk), a. Etym: [So called from the town of Cufa, in the province of Bagdad.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the older characters of the Arabic language. [Written also Kufic.]

CUI BONO Cui` bo"no. [L.]

Defn: Lit., for whose benefit; incorrectly understood, it came to be used in the sense, of what good or use; and hence, (what) purpose; object; specif., the ultimate object of life.

CUINAGE Cuin"age (kwn`j), n.Etym: [Corrupted fr. coinage.]

Defn: The stamping of pigs of tin, by the proper officer, with the arms of the duchy of Cornwall.

CUIRASS Cui*rass" (kw-rs`, or kw`rs; 277), n.; pl. Cuirasses(-. Etym: [ F.cuirasse, orig., a breascuir, cuirie influenced by It. corazza, or Sp. cora, fr. an assumed LL. coriacea, fr. L. coriacevs, adj., of leather, fr. corium leather, hide; akin to Gr. skora hide, Lith. skura hide, leather. Cf. Coriaceous.]

1. (a) A piece of defensive armor, covering the body from the neck to the girdle. (b) The breastplate taken by itself.

Note: The cuirass covered the body before and behind. It consisted of two parts, a breast- and backpiece of iron fastened together by means of straps and buckles or other like contrivances. It was originally, as the name imports, made of leather, but afterward of metal. Crose.

2. (Zoöl)

Defn: An armor of bony plates, somewhat resembling a cuirass.

CUIRASSED Cui*rassed" (kw-rst` or kw`rst), a.

1. Wearing a cuirass.

2. (Zoöl)

Defn: Having a covering of bony plates, resembling a cuirass;- said of certain fishes.

CUIRASSIER Cui`ras*sier" (kw`rs-sr"), n. Etym: [F. cuirassier. See Curass.]

Defn: A soldier armed with a cuirass. Milton.

CUIR BOUILLI Cuir" bou`illi". [F.]

Defn: In decorative art, boiled leather, fitted by the process to receive impressed patterns, like those produced by chasing metal, and to retain the impression permanently.

CUISH Cuish (kws), n. Etym: [F. cuisse thigh, fr. L. coxa hip: cf. F. cuissard, OF, cuissot, armor for the thigh, cuish. Cf. Hough.]

Defn: Defensive armor for the thighs. [ Written also cuisse, and quish.]

CUISINE Cui`sine" (kw`zn"), n. Etym: [F., fr. L. coquina kitchen, fr. coquere to cook. See Kitchen.]

1. The kitchen or cooking department.

2. Manner or style of cooking.

CULASSE Cu`lasse" (ku`ls"), n. Etym: [F., fr. cul back.]

Defn: The lower faceted portion of a brilliant-cut diamond.

CULDEE Cul*dee" (k, n. Etym: [ Prob. fr. Gael.cuilteach; cf. Ir. ceilede.]

Defn: One of a class of anchorites who lived in various parts of Scotland, Ireland, and Wales. The pure Culdees Were Albyn's earliest priests of God. Campbell.

CUL-DE-SAC Cul`-de-sac" (ku`de-sk" or kul`de-sk"), n.; pl. Culs-de-sac (ku`- or kulz`-). Etym: [ F., lit., bottom of a bag.]

1. A passage with only one outlet, as a street closed at one end; a blind alley; hence, a trap.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: a position in which an army finds itself with no way of exit but to the front.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: Any bag-shaped or tubular cavity, vessel, or organ, open only at one end.

CULERAGE Cul"er*age (kl"r-j), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Culrage.

CULEX Cu"lex (k"lks), n. Etym: [L., a gnat.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of dipterous insects, including the gnat and mosquito.

CULICID Cu"li*cid, a. [L. culex, -icis, gnat.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the Mosquito family (Culicidæ). -- n.

Defn: A culicid insect.

CULICIFORM Cu*lic"i*form (k-ls"i-frm). a. Etym: [L. culex a gnat + -form:cf. F. culiciforme.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Gnat-shaped.

CULINARILY Cu"li*na*ri*ly (k`l-n-r-l), adv.

Defn: In the manner of a kitchen; in connection with a kitchen or cooking.

CULINARY Cu"li*na*ry (k"l-n-r), a. Etym: [L. culinarius, fr. culina kitchen, perh. akin to carbo coal: cf. F. culinare.]

Defn: Relating to the kitchen, or to the art of cookery; used in kitchens; as, a culinary vessel; the culinary art.

CULL Cull (kl), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Culled (kld); p. pr.& Culling.] Etym: [OE., OF. cuillir, coillir, F.cueillir, to gather, pluck, pick, fr. L. colligere. See Coil, v. t., and cf. Collect.]

Defn: To separate, select, or pick out; to choose and gather or collect; as, to cuil flowers. From his herd he culls, For slaughter, from the fairest of his bulls. Dryden. Whitest honey in fairy gardens culled. Tennyson.

CULL Cull, n.

Defn: A cully; a dupe; a gull. See Gully.

CULLENDER Cul"len*der (kl"ln-dr), n.

Defn: A strainer. See Colander.

CULLER Cull"er (kl"r), n.

Defn: One who piks or chooses; esp., an inspector who select wares suitable for market.

CULLET Cul"let (kl"lt), n. Etym: [From Cull, v. t. ]

Defn: Broken glass for remelting.

CULLET Cul"let, n. Etym: [A dim. from F. cul back.]

Defn: A small central plane in the back of a cut gem. See Collet, 3 (b).

CULLIBILITY Cul`li*bil"i*ty (-l-bl"-ty), n. Etym: [From cully to trick, cheat.]

Defn: Gullibility. [R.] Swift.

CULLIBLE Cul"li*ble (kl"l-b'l), a.

Defn: Easily deceived; gullible.

CULLING Cull"ing (kl"ng), n

1. The act of one who culls.

2. pl.

Defn: Anything separated or selected from a mass.

CULLION Cul"lion (kl"yn), n. Etym: [OF. couillon, coillon, F. co, a vile fellow, coward, dupe, from OF. couillon, coillon, testicle, fr. il the scrotum, fr. L. coleus a leather bag, the scrotum.]

Defn: A mean wretch; a base fellow; a poltroon; a scullion. "Away, base cullions." Shak.

CULLIONLY Cul"lion*ly, a.

Defn: Mean; base. Shak.

CULLIS Cul"lis (k, n. Etym: [OF. coleïs, F. coulis, fr. OF. & F. couler to strain, to flow, fr. L. colare to filter, strain; cf. LL. coladicium. Cf. Colander.]

Defn: A strong broth of meat, strained and made clear for invalids; also, a savory jelly. [Obs.] When I am exellent at caudles And cullises . . . you shall be welcome to me. Beau. & Fl.

CULLIS Cul"lis, n.; pl. Cullises (-. Etym: [F.coulisse groove, fr. the same source as E. cullis broth.] (Arch.)

Defn: A gutter in a roof; a channel or groove.

CULLS Culls (klz), n. pl. Etym: [From Cull,, v. t.]

1. Refuse timber, from which the best part has been culled out.

2. Any refuse stuff, as rolls not properly baked.

CULLY Cul"ly (kl"l), n.; pl. Cullies (-l. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. cullion.]

Defn: A person easily deceived, tricked, or imposed on; a mean dupe; a gull. I have learned that . . . I am not the first cully whom she has passed upon for a countess. Addison.

CULLY Cul"ly, v. t. Etym: [See Cully,n., and cf. D. kullen to cheat, gull.]

Defn: To trick, cheat, or impose on; to deceive. "Tricks to cully fools." Pomfret.

CULLYISM Cul"ly*ism (-z'm), n.

Defn: The state of being a cully. Less frequent instances of eminent cullyism. Spectator.

CULM Culm (klm), n. Etym: [L. culmus stark, stem; akin to colasmus. SeeHalm.] (Bot.)

Defn: The stalk or stem of grain and grasses (including the bamboo), jointed and usually hollow.

CULM Culm, n. Etym: [Perh. from W. cwlm knot or tie, applied to this species of coal, which is much found in balls or knots in some parts of Wales: cf. OE. culme smoke, soot.] (Min.) (a) Mineral coal that is not bituminous; anthracite, especially when found in small masses. (b) The waste of the Pennsylvania anthracite mines, consisting of fine coal, dust, etc., and used as fuel. Raymond.

CULMEN Cul"men (kl"mn), n. Etym: [L., fr. cellere (in comp.) to impel; cf. celsus pushed upward, lofty.]

1. Top; summit; acme. R. North.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dorsal ridge of a bird's bill.

CULMIFEROUS Cul*mif"er*ous (kl-mf"r-s), a. Etym: [L. culmus stalk or stem + - ferous: cf. F. culmif.]

Defn: Having jointed stems or culms.

CULMIFEROUS Cul*mif"er*ous (kl-mf"r-s), a.Etym: [2d culm + -ferous.] (Min.)

Defn: Containing, or abounding in, culm or glance coal.

CULMINAL Cul"mi*nal (kl"m-nal), a.

Defn: Pertaining to a culmen.

CULMINANT Cul"mi*nant (-nant), a.

Defn: Being vertical, or at the highest point of altitude; hence, predominant. [R.]

CULMINATE Cul"mi*nate (kl"m-nt), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Culminated (-n`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Culminating (-n Etym: [L. cuimen top or ridge. See Column.]

1. To reach its highest point of altitude; to come to the meridian; to be vertical or directly overhead. As when his beams at noon Culminate from the equator. Milton.

2. To reach the highest point, as of rank, size, power, numbers, etc. The reptile race culminated in the secondary era. Dana. The house of Burgundy was rapidly culminating. Motley.

CULMINATE Cul"mi*nate (kl"m-nt), a.

Defn: Growing upward, as distinguished from a laterral growth; -- applied to the growth of corals. Dana.

CULMINATION Cul"mi*na"tion (kl`m-n"shn), n. Etym: [Cf. F.culmination]

1. The attainment of the highest point of altitude reached by a heavently body; passage across the meridian; transit.

2. Attainment or arrival at the highest pitch of glory, power, etc.

CULPA Cul"pa (kl"p), n. Etym: [L.] (Law)

Defn: Negligence or fault, as distinguishable from dolus (deceit, fraud), which implies intent, culpa being imputable to defect of intellect, dolus to defect of heart. Wharton.

CULPABILITY Cul`pa*bil"i*ty (kl`p-bl`-t), n.; pl. Culpabilities (-t. Etym: [Cf. F. culpabilité.]

Defn: The state of being culpable.

CULPABLE Cul"pa*ble (kl"p-b'l), a. Etym: [OE. culpable, coulpable, coupable, F. coupable, formerly also coupable, formerly also coulpable, culpable, fr. L. culpabilis, fr. culpare to blame, fr. culpa fault.]

1. Deserving censure; worthy of blame; faulty; immoral; criminal. State Trials (1413). If he acts according to the best reason he hath, he is not culpable, though he be mistaken in his measures. Sharp.

2. Guilty; as, clpable of a crime. [Obs.] Spenser. -- Cul"pa*ble*ness, n. -- Cul"pa*bly, adv.

CULPATORY Cul"pa*to*ry (-t-r), a.

Defn: Expressing blame; censuring; reprehensory; inculpating. Adjectives . . . commonly used by Latian authors in a culpatory sense. Walpole.

CULPE Culpe (klp), n. Etym: [F. coulpe, fr.L.culpa.]

Defn: Blameworthiness. [Obs.] Banished out of the realme . . . without culpe. E. Hall.

CULPON Cul"pon (kl"pn), n. Etym: [See Coupon.]

Defn: A shered; a fragment; a strip of wood. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CULPRIT Cul"prit (kl"prt), n. Etym: [Prob. corrupted for culpate, fr. Law Latin culpatus the accused, p. p. of L. culpare to blame. See Culpable.]

1. One accused of, or ar An author is in the condition of a culprit; the public are his judges. Prior.

2. One quilty of a fault; a criminal.

CULRAGE Cul"rage (kl"rj), n. Etym: [OE. culrage, culrache; prob. fr. F. cul the buttok + F. & E. rage; F. curage.] (Bot.)

Defn: Smartweed (Polygonum Hydropiper).

CULT Cult (klt) n .Etym: [F. culte, L. cultus care, culture, fr. colere to cultivate. Cf. Cultus.]

1. Attentive care; homage; worship. Every one is convinced of the reality of a better self, and of. thecult or homage which is due to it. Shaftesbury.

2. A system of religious belief and worship. That which was the religion of Moses is the ceremonial or cult of the religion of Christ. Coleridge.

CULTCH Cultch (klch;224), n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Empty oyster shells and other substances laid down on oyster grounds to furnish points for the attachment of the spawn of the oyster. [Also written cutch.]

CULTER Cul"ter (kl"tr), n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A colter. See Colter.

CULTIROSTRAL Cul`ti*ros"tral (-t-rs"tral), a. Etym: [See Cultirostres.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a bill shaped like the colter of a plow, or like a knife, as the heron, stork, etc.

CULTIROSTRES Cul`ti*ros"tres (-trz), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. culter colter of a plow, knife + rostrum bill.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A tribe of wading birds including the stork, heron, crane, etc.

CULTIVABLE Cul"ti*va*ble (kl"t-v-b'l), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cultivable.]

Defn: Capable of being cultivated or tilled. Todd.

CULTIVATABLE Cul"ti*va`ta*ble (kl"t-v`t-b'l), a.

Defn: Cultivable.

CULTIVATE Cul"ti*vate (kl"t-vt), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cultivated (-v`td); p.pr. & vb. n. Cultivating (-v`-t*ng).] Etym: [LL. cultivatus, p.p. of cultivare to cultivate, fr. cultivus cultivated, fr. L. cultus, p.p. of colere to till, cultivate. Cf. Colony.]

1. To bestow attention, care, and labor upon, with a view to valuable returns; to till; to fertilize; as, to cultivate soil.

2. To direct special attention to; to devote time and thought to; to foster; to cherish. Leisure . . . to cultivate general literature. Wordsworth.

3. To seek the society of; to court intimacy with. I ever looked on Lord Keppel as one of the greatest and best men of his age; and I loved and cultivated him accordingly. Burke.

4. To improve by labor, care, or study; to impart culture to; to civilize; to refine. To cultivate the wild, licentious savage. Addison. The mind of man hath need to be prepared for piety and virtue; it must be cultivated to the end. Tillotson.

5. To raise or produce by tillage; to care for while growing; as, to cultivate corn or grass.

CULTIVATION Cul`ti*va"tion (kl`t-v"shn), n. Etym: [Cf. F. cultivation.]

1. The art or act of cultivating; improvement for agricultural purposes or by agricultural processes; tillage; production by tillage.

2. Bestowal of time or attention for self-improvement or for the benefit of others; fostering care.

3. The state of being cultivated; advancement in physical, intellectual, or moral condition; refinement; culture. Italy . . . was but imperfectly reduced to cultivation before the irruption of the barbarians. Hallam.

CULTIVATOR Cul"ti*va`tor (kl"t-v`tr), n. Etym: [Cf. F. cultivateur.]

1. One who cultivates; as, a cultivator of the soil; a cultivator of literature. Whewell.

2. An agricultural implement used in the tillage of growing crops, to loosen the surface of the earth and kill the weeds; esp., a triangular frame set with small shares, drawn by a horse and by handles.

Note: In a broader signification it includes any complex implement for pulverizing or stirring the surface of the soil, as harrows, grubbers, horse hoes, etc.

CULTRATE; CULTRATED Cul"trate (kl"trt), Cul"tra*ted (-tr-td), a. Etym: [L. cultratus knife-shaped, fromculter, cultri, knife.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Sharp-edged and pointed; shaped like a pruning knife, as the beak of certain birds.

CULTRIFORM Cul"tri*form (-tr-frm), a. Etym: [L. culter, cultri, knife + -form.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Shaped like a pruning knife; cultrate.

CULTRIVOROUS Cul*triv"o*rous (kl-trb"-rs), a. Etym: [L. culter, cultri, knife + vorare to devour.]

Defn: Devouring knives; swallowing, or pretending to swallow, knives; -- applied to persons who have swallowed, or have seemed to swallow, knives with impunity. Dunglison.

CULTURABLE Cul"tur*a*ble (kl"tr--b'l; 135), a.

Defn: Capable of, or fit for, being cultivated; capable or becoming cultured. London Spectator.

CULTURAL Cul"tur*al (kl"tr-al), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to culture.

CULTURE Cul"ture (kl"tr; 135), n. Etym: [F. culture, L. cultura, fr. colere to till, cultivate; of uncertain origin. Cf. Colony.]

1. The act or practice of cultivating, or of preparing the earth for seed and raising crops by tillage; as, the culture of the soil.

2. The act of, or any labor or means employed for, training, disciplining, or refining the moral and intellectual nature of man; as. the culture of the mind. If vain our toil We ought to blame theculture, not the soil. Pepe.

3. The state of being cultivated; result of cultivation; physical improvement; enlightenment and discipline acquired by mental and moral training; civilization; refinement in manners and taste. What the Greeks expressed by their humanitas, we less happily try to express by the more artificial word culture. J. C. Shairp. The list of all the items of the general life of a people represents that whole which we call its culture. Tylor. Culture fluid, a fluid in which the germs of microscopic organisms are made to develop, either for purposes of study or as a means of modifying their virulence.

CULTURE Cul"ture, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cultured (-trd; 135); p. pr. & vb. n. Culturing.]

Defn: To cultivate; to educate. They came . . . into places well inhabited and cultured. Usher.

CULTURED Cul"tured (kl"trd), a.

1. Under culture; cultivated. "Cultured vales." Shenstone.

2. Characterized by mental and moral training; disciplined; refined; well-educated. The sense of beauty in nature, even among cultured people, is less often met with than other mental endowments. I. Taylor. The cunning hand and cultured brain. Whittier.

CULTURE FEATURES Culture features. (Surv.)

Defn: The artificial features of a district as distinguished from the natural.

CULTURELESS Cul"ture*less, a.

Defn: Having no culture.

CULTURE MYTH Culture myth.

Defn: A myth accounting for the discovery of arts and sciences or the advent of a higher civilization, as in the Prometheus myth.

CULTURIST Cul"tur*ist, n.

1. A cultivator.

2. One who is an advocate of culture. The culturists, by which term I mean not those who esteem culture (as what intelligent man does notJ. C. Shairp

CULTUS Cul"tus (kl"ts), n. sing. & pl.; E. pl.Cultuses (-. Etym: [L., cultivation, culture. See Cult.]

Defn: Established or accepted religious rites or usages of worship; state of religious development. Cf.Cult, 2.

CULTUS COD Cul"tus cod` (kd`). Etym: [Chinook cultus of little worth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Cod, and Buffalo cod, under Buffalo.

CULVER Cul"ver (k"vr), n. Etym: [AS. culfre, perh. fr. L. columba.]

Defn: A dove. "Culver in the falcon's fist." Spenser.

CULVER Cul"ver, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. Culverin.]

Defn: A culverin. Falcon and culver on each tower Stood prompt their deadly hail to shower. Sir W. Scott.

CULVERHOUSE Cul"ver*house` (-hous`), n.

Defn: A dovecote.

CULVERIN Cul"ver*in (kl"vr-n), n.Etym: [F. coulevrine, prop. fem. of couleuvrin like a serpent, fr. couleuvre adder, fr. L. coluber, colubra.]

Defn: A long cannon of the 16th century, usually an 18-pounder with serpent-shaped handles. Trump, and drum, and roaring culverin. Mac

CULVERKEY Cul"ver*key` (-k`), n.

1. A bunch of the keys or samaras of the ash tree. Wright.

2. An English meadow plant, perhaps the columbine or the bluebell squill (Scilla nutans). [Obs.] A girl cropping culverkeys and cowslips to make garlands. Walton.

CULVER'S PHYSIC; CULVER'S ROOT Cul"ver's phys"ic, or Cul"ver's root`. [So called after a Dr. Culver, who used it.] (Bot.)

Defn: The root of a handsome erect herb (Leptandra, syn. Veronica, Virginica) common in most moist woods of North America , used as an

## active cathartic and emetic; also, the plant itself.

CULVERT Cul"vert (kl"vrt), n. Etym: [Prob. from OF. coulouere, F. couloir, channel, gutter, gallery, fr. couler to flow. See Cullis.]

Defn: A transverse drain or waterway of masonry under a road, railroad, canal, etc.; a small bridge.

CULVERTAIL Cul"ver*tail` (kl"vr-tl`), n. (Carp.)

Defn: Dovetail.

CULVERTAILED Cul"ver*tailed` (-tld`), a.

Defn: United or fastened by a dovetailed joint.

CUMACEA Cu*ma"ce*a (k-m"sh- or -s-), n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of marine Crustacea, mostly of small size.

CUMBENT Cum"bent (km"bent), a. Etym: [Cf. Recumbent, Covey.]

Defn: Lying down; recumbent. J. Dyer.

CUMBER Cum"ber (km"br), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cumbered (-brd); p. pr. & vb. n. Cumbering.] Etym: [OE. combren, cumbren,OF. combrer to hinder, from LL. cumbrus a heap, fr. L. cumulus; cf. Skr. to increase, grow strong. Cf. Cumulate.]

Defn: To rest upon as a troublesome or useless weight or load; to be burdensome or oppressive to; to hinder or embarrass in attaining an object, to obstruct or occupy uselessly; to embarrass; to trouble. Why asks he what avails him not in fight, And would but cumber and retard his flight Dryden. Martha was cumbered about much serving. Luke x. 40. Cut it down; why cumbereth it the ground Luke xiii. 7. The multiplying variety of arguments, especially frivolous ones, . . . but cumbers the memory. Locke.

CUMBER Cum"ber (km"br), n. Etym: [Cf. encombre hindrance, impediment. See Cuber,v.]

Defn: Trouble; embarrassment; distress. [Obs.] [Written also comber.] A place of much distraction and cumber. Sir H. Wotton. Sage counsel in cumber. Sir W. Scott.

CUMBERSOME Cum"ber*some (k, a.

1. Burdensome or hindering, as a weight or drag; embarrassing; vexatious; cumbrous. To perform a cumbersome obedience. Sir. P. Sidney.

2. Not easily managed; as, a cumbersome contrivance or machine. He holds them in utter contempt, as lumbering, cumbersome, circuitous. I. Taylor. -- Cum"ber*some*ly, adv. -- Cum"ber*some*ness,n.

CUMBRANCE Cum"brance (km"brans), n.

Defn: Encumbrance. [Obs.] Extol not riches then, the toil of fools, The wise man's cumbrance, if not snare. Milton.

CUMBRIAN Cum"bri*an (km"br-an), a.

Defn: Pertaining to Cumberland, England, or to a system of rocks found there. Cumbrian system (Geol.), the slate or graywacke system of rocks, now included in the Cambrian or Silurian system; -- so called because most prominent at Cumberland.

CUMBROUS Cum"brous (km"brs), a.

1. Rendering action or motion difficult or toilsome; serving to obstruct or hinder; burdensome; clogging. He sunk beneath the cumbrous weight. Swift. That cumbrousand unwieldy style which disfigures English composition so extensively. De Quincey.

2. Giving trouble; vexatious. [Obs.] A clud of cumbrous gnats. Spenser. -- Cum"brous*ly, adv. -- Cum"brous*ness, n.

CUMENE Cu"mene (k"mn), n. Etym: [From Cumin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless oily hydrocarbon, C6H5.C3H7, obtained by the distillation of cuminic acid; -- called also cumol.

CUMFREY Cum"frey (km"fr), n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Comfrey.

CUMIC Cu"mic (k"mk), a. (Chem.)

Defn: See Cuming.

CUMIDINE Cu"mi*dine (k"m-dn or -dn), n. Etym: [From Cumin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A strong, liquid, organic base, C3H7.C6H4.NH2, homologous with aniline.

CUMIN Cum"in (km"n), n. Etym: [OE.comin, AS. cymen, fr. L. cuminum, Gr.kamm, Heb. kamm; cf. OF. comin, F. cumin. Cf. Kummel.] (Bot.)

Defn: A dwarf umbelliferous plant, somewhat resembling fennel (Cuminum Cyminum), cultivated for its seeds, which have a bitterish, warm taste, with an aromatic flavor, and are used like those of anise and caraway. [Written also cummin.] Rank-smelling rue, and cumin good for eyes. Spenser. Black cumin (Bot.), a plant (Nigella sativa) with pungent seeds, used by the Afghans, etc.

CUMINIC Cu*min"ic (k-mn"k), a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, cumin, or from oil of caraway; as, cuminic acid. Cuminic acid (Chem.), white crystalline substance, C3H7.C6H4.CO2H, obtained from oil of caraway.

CUMINIL Cu"mi*nil (k"m-nl), n .

Defn: A substance, analogous to benzil, obtained from oil of caraway.

CUMINOL Cu"mi*nol (-nl), n. Etym: [Cuminic + L. oleum.]

Defn: A liquid, C3H7.C6H4.CHO, obtained from oil of caraway; -- called also cuminic aldehyde.

CUMMERBUND Cum"mer*bund`, n. [Written also kummerbund, cummerband, etc.] [Hind. kamarband, fr. Per. Kamar loins + band fastening.]

Defn: A sash for the waist; a girdle. [India]

CUMMIN Cum"min (km"mn), n.

Defn: Same as Cumin. Ye pay tithe of mint, and cummin. Matt. xxiii. 23.

CUMQUAT Cum"quat, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Kumquat.

CUMSHAW Cum"shaw (km"sha), n. Etym: [Chin. kom-tsie.]

Defn: A present or bonus; -- originally applied to that paid on ships which entered the port of Canton. S. Wells Williams.

CUMSHAW Cum"shaw, v. t.

Defn: To give or make a present to.

CUMU-CIRRO-STRATUS Cu"mu-cir`ro-stra"tus (k`m*-sr`r-str"ts), n. (Meteor.)

Defn: Nimbus, or rain cloud. See Nimbus, and Cloud.

CUMULATE Cu"mu*late (k"m-lt), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cumulated (-l`td); p. pr. & vb. n. Cumulating (-l`tng).] Etym: [L. cumulatus, p. p. of cumulare to heap up, fr. cumulus a heap. See Cumber.]

Defn: To gather or throw into a heap; to heap together; to accumulate. Shoals of shells, bedded and cumulated heap upon heap. Woodward.

CUMULATION Cu`mu*la"tion (k`m-l"shn), n. Etym: [Cf. F. cumulation.]

Defn: The act of heaping together; a heap. See Accumulation.

CUMULATIST Cu"mu*la*tist (k"m-l-tst), n.

Defn: One who accumulates; one who collects. [R.]

CUMULATIVE Cu"mu*la*tive (k"m-l-tv), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cumulatif.]

1. Composed of parts in a heap; forming a mass; agregated. "As for knowledge which man receiveth by teaching, it is cumulative, njt original." Bacon

2. Augmenting, gaining, or giving force, by successive additions; as, a cumulative argument, i. e., one whose force increases as the statement proceeds. The argument . . . is in very truth not logical and single, but moral and cumulative. Trench.

3. (Law) (a) Tending to prove the same point to which other evidence has been offered; -- said of evidence. (b) Given by same testator to the same legatee; -- said of a legacy. Bouvier. Wharton.

Cumulative action (Med.), that action of certain drugs, by virtue of which they produce, when administered in small doses repeated at considerable intervals, the same effect as if given in a single large dose. -- Cumulative poison, a poison the action of which is cumulative. -- Cumulative vote or system of voting (Politics), that system which allows to each voter as many votes as there are persons to be voted for, and permits him to accumulate these votes upon one person, or to distribute them among the candidates as he pleases.

CUMULOSE Cu"mu*lose` (k"m-ls`), a. Etym: [From Cumulus.]

Defn: Full of heaps.

CUMULOSTRATUS Cu"mu*lo*stra"tus (k"m-l-str"ts), n. (Meteor.)

Defn: A form of cloud. See Cloud.

CUMULUS Cu"mu*lus (k"m-ls), n.; pl. Cumuli (-l. Etym: [L., a heap. See Cumber.] (Meteor.)

Defn: One of the four principal forms of clouds. SeeCloud.

CUN Cun (kn), v. t. Etym: [See Cond.]

Defn: To con (a ship). [Obs.]

CUN Cun, v. t. Etym: [See 1st Con.]

Defn: To know. See Con. [Obs.]

CUNABULA Cu*nab"u*la (k-nb"-l), n. pl. Etym: [L., a cradle, earliest abode, fr. cunae cradle.]

1. The earliest abode; original dwelling place; originals; as, the cunabula of the human race.

2. (Bibliography)

Defn: The extant copies of the first or earliest printed books, or of such as were printed in the 15th century.

CUNCTATION Cunc*ta"tion (knk-t"shn), n. Etym: [L. cunctatio, fr. cunctari, p.p. cunctatus, to delay.]

Defn: Delay; procrastination. [R.] Carlyle.

CUNCTATIVE Cunc"ta*tive (knk"t-tv), a.

Defn: Slow; tardy; dilatory; causing delay.

CUNCTATOR Cunc*ta"tor (knk-t"tr), n. Etym: [L., lit., a delayer; -- applied as a surname to Q. Fabius Maximus.]

Defn: One who delays or lingers. [R.]

CUNCTIPOTENT Cunc*tip"o*tent (knk-tp"-tent), a. Etym: [L. cunctipotens; cunctus all + potens powerful.]

Defn: All-powerful; omnipotent. [R] "God cunctipotent." Neale (Trans. Rhythm of St. Bernard).

CUND Cund (k*nd), v. t. Etym: [See Cond.]

Defn: To con (a ship). [Obs.]

CUNDURANGO Cun`du*ran"go (kn`d-rn"g), n. (Med.)

Defn: The bark of a South American vine (Gonolobus Condurango) of the Milkweed family. It has been supposed, but erroneously, to be a cure for cancer. [Written also condurango.]

CUNEAL Cu"ne*al (k"n-al), Etym: [L. cuneus a wege. See Coin.]

Defn: Relating to a wedge; wedge-shaped.

CUNEATE; CUNEATED Cu"ne*ate (k"n-t), Cu"ne*a`ted (-`tEd), a. Etym: [L.cuneatus, fr. cuneus a wege SeeCoin.]

Defn: Wedge-shaped; (Bot.), wedge-shaped, with the point at the base; as, a cuneate leaf.

CUNEATIC Cu`ne*at"ic (k`n-t"k), a.

Defn: Cuneiform. "Cuneatic decipherment." Sayce.

CUNEIFORM; CUNIFORM Cu*ne"i*form (k-n"-frm), Cu"ni*form (k"n-frm), a. Etym: [L. cuneus a wedge + -form: cf. F. cunei-forme. See Coin.]

1. Wedge-shaped; as, a cuneiform bone; -- especially applied to the wedge-shaped or arrowheaded characters of ancient Persian and Assyrian inscriptions. See Arrowheaded.

2. Pertaining to, or versed in, the ancient wedge-shaped characters, or the inscriptions in them. "A cuneiform scholar." Rawlinson.

CUNEIFORM; CUNIFORM Cu*ne"i*form, Cu"ni*form, n.

1. The wedge-shaped characters used in ancient Persian and Assyrian inscriptions. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

2. (Anat.) (a) One of the three tarsal bones supporting the first, second third metatarsals. They are usually designated as external, middle, and internal, or ectocuniform, mesocuniform, and entocuniform, respectively. (b) One of the carpal bones usually articulating wich the ulna; -- called also pyramidal and ulnare.

CUNETTE Cu*nette" (k-nt"), n. Etym: [F.] (Fort.)

Defn: A drain trench, in a ditch or moat; -- called also cuvette.

CUNNER Cun"ner (kn"nr), n. Etym: [Cf. Conner.] (Zoöl.) (a) A small edible fish of the Atlantic coast (Ctenolabrus adspersus); -- called also chogset, burgall, blue perch, and bait stealer. [Written also conner.] (b) A small shellfish; the limpet or patella.

CUNNING Cun"ning (kn"nng), a. Etym: [AS. cunnan to know, to be able. See 1st Con, Can.]

1. Knowing; skillfull; dexterous. "A cunning workman." Ex. xxxviii. 23. "Tis beauty truly blent, whose red and white Nature's own sweet and cunning hand laid on. Shak. Esau was a cunning hunter. Gen xxv. 27.

2. Wrought with, or exibiting, skill or ingenuity; ingenious; curious; as, cunning work. Over them Arachne high did lift Her cunning web. Spenser.

3. Crafty; sly; artful; designid; deceitful. They are resolved to be cunning; let others run the hazard of being sincere. South.

4. Pretty or pleasing; as, a cunning little boy. [Colloq. U.S.] Barlett.

Syn. -- Cunning, Artful, Sly, Wily, Crafty. These epithets agree in expressing an aptitude for attaining some end by peculiar and secret means. Cunning is usually low; as, a cunning trick. Artful is more ingenious and inventive; as, an artful device. Sly implies a turn for what is double or concealed; as, sly humor; a sly evasion. Crafty denotes a talent for dexterously deceiving; as, a crafty manager. Wily describes a talent for the use of stratagems; as, a wily politician. "Acunning man often shows his dexterity in simply concealing. An artful man goes further, and exerts his ingenuity in misleading. A crafty man mingles cunning with art, and so shapes his

## actions as to lull suspicions. The young may be cunning, but the

experienced only can be crafty. Slyness is a vulgar kind of cunning; the sly man goes cautiously and silently to work. Wiliness is a species of cunning or craft applicable only to cases of attack and defence." Crabb.

CUNNING Cun"ning, n. Etym: [AS. cunnung trial, or Icel. kunnandi knowledge. See Cunning, a.]

1. Knowledge; art; skill; dexterity. [Archaic] Let my right hand forget her cunning. Ps. cxxxvii. 5. A carpenter's desert Stands more in cunning than in power. Chapman.

2. The faculty or act of using stratagem to accomplish a purpose; fraudulent skill or dexterity; deceit; craft. Discourage cunning in a child; cunning is the ape of wisdom. Locke. We take cunning for a sinister or crooked wisdom. Bacon.

CUNNINGLY Cun"ning*ly (kn"nng-l), adv.

Defn: In a cunning manner; with cunning.

CUNNINGMAN Cun"ning*man` (-mn`), n.

Defn: A fortune teller; one who pretends to reveal mysteries. [Obs.] Hudibras.

CUNNINGNESS Cun"ning*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being cunning; craft.

CUP Cup (kp), n. Etym: [AS. cuppe, LL. cuppa cup; cf. L. cupa tub, cask; cf. also Gr. k pit, hollow, OSlav. kupa cup. Cf. Coop, Cupola, Cowl a water vessel, and Cob, Coif, Cop.]

1. A small vessel, used commonly to drink from; as, a tin cup, a silver cup, a wine cup; especially, in modern times, the pottery or porcelain vessel, commonly with a handle, used with a saucer in drinking tea, coffee, and the like.

2. The contents of such a vessel; a cupful. Give me a cup of sack, boy. Shak.

3. pl.

Defn: Repeated potations; social or exessive indulgence in intoxicating drinks; revelry. Thence from cups to civil broils. Milton.

4. That which is to be received or indured; that which is allotted to one; a portion. O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me. Matt. xxvi. 39.

5. Anything shaped like a cup; as, the cup of an acorn, or of a flower. The cowslip's golden cup no more I see. Shenstone.

6. (Med.)

Defn: A cupping glass or other vessel or instrument used to produce the vacuum in cupping. Cup and ball, a familiar toy of children, having a cup on the top of a piece of wood to which, a ball is attached by a cord; the ball, being thrown up, is to be caught in the cup; bilboquet. Milman.- Cup and can, familiar companions. -- Dry cup, Wet cup (Med.), a cup used for dry or wet cupping. See under Cupping. -- To be in one's cups, to be drunk.

CUP Cup, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cupped (kpt); p. pr. & vb. n. Cupping.]

1. To supply with cups of wine. [R.] Cup us, till the world go round. Shak.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: To apply a cupping apparatus to; to subject to the operation of cupping. See Cupping.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: To make concave or in the form of a cup; as, to cup the end of a screw.

CUPBEARER Cup"bear`er (-br`r), n.

1. One whose office it is to fill and hand the cups at an enterainment.

2. (Antiq.)

Defn: One of the attendants of a prince or noble, permanently charged with the performance of this office for his master. "I was the king's cupbearer." Neh. i. 11.

CUPBOARD Cup"board (kb"brd), n. Etym: [Cup + board.]

1. A board or shelf for cups and dishes. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. A small closet in a room, with shelves to receive cups, dishes, food, etc.; hence, any small closet. Cupboard love, interested love, or that which has an eye to the cupboard. "A cupboard love is seldom true." Poor Robin. [Colloq.] -- To cry cupboard, to call for food; to express hunger. [Colloq.] "My stomach cries cupboard." W. Irving.

CUPBOARD Cup"board, v. t.

Defn: To collect, as into a cupboard; to hoard. [R.] Shak.

CUPEL Cu"pel (k"pl), n. Etym: [LL. cupella cup (cf. L. cupella, small cask, dim. of cupa) : cf. F. coupelle. See Cup, and cf. Coblet.]

Defn: A shallow porus cup, used in refining precious metals, commonly made of bone ashes (phosphate of lime). [Written also coppel.] Cupel dust, powder used in purifying metals.

CUPEL Cu*pel" (k-pl"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Cupelled (-pld"); p. pr. & vb. n. Cupelling.]

Defn: To refine by means of a cupel.

CUPELLATION Cu`pel*la"tion (k`pl-l"shn), n. Etym: [See Cupel.]

Defn: The act or process of refining gold or silver, etc., in a cupel.

Note: The process consist in exposing the cupel containing the metal to be assayed or refined to a hot blast, by which the lead, copper, tin, etc., are oxidized, dissolved, and carried down into the porous cupel, leaving the unoxidizable precious metal. If lead is not already present in the alloy it must be added before cupellation.

CUPFUL Cup"ful (kp"fl), n.; pl. Cupfuls (-f.

Defn: As much as a cup will hold.

CUP-GALL Cup"-gall` (-gl`), n.

Defn: A kind of oak-leaf gall. See Gall.

CUPID Cu"pid (k"pd), n . Etym: [L.Cupido, fr. cupido desire, desire of love, fr. cupidus. See Cupidity.] (Rom. Myth.)

Defn: The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a naked, winged boy with bow and arrow. Pretty dimpled boys, like smiling cupids. Shak.

CUPIDITY Cu*pid"i*ty (k-pd"-t), n. Etym: [F. cupidite, L. cupiditas, fr. cupidus longing, desiring, fr. cupere to long for, desire. See Covet.]

1. A passionate desire; love. [Obs.]

2. Eager or inordinate desire, especially for wealth; greed of gain; avarice; covetousness. With the feelings of political distrust were mingled those of cupidity and envy, as the Spaniard saw the fairest provinces of the south still in the hands of the accursed race of Ishmael. Prescott.

CUP-MOSS Cup"-moss` (kp"ms`; 115), n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of lichen, of the genus Cladonia.

CUPOLA Cu"po*la (k"p-l), n.; pl. Cupolas (-l. Etym: [It. cupola, LL. cupula, cuppula (cf. L. cupula little tub). fr. cupa, cuppa, cup; cf. L. cupa tub. So called on account of its resemblance to a cup turned over. See Cup, and cf.Cupule.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A roof having a rounded form, hemispherical or nearly so; also, a celing having the same form. When on a large scale it is usually called dome.

2. A small structure standing on the top of a dome; a lantern.

3. A furnace for melting iron or other metals in large quantity, -- used chiefly in foundries and steel works.

4. A revoling shot-proof turret for heavy ordnance.

5. (Anat.)

Defn: The top of the spire of the cochlea of the ear.

CUPPER Cup"per (kp"pr), n. Etym: [Fropm cup.]

Defn: One who performs the operation of cupping.

CUPPING Cup"ping (kp"png), n. (Med.)

Defn: The operation of drawing blood to or from the surface of the person by forming a partial vacuum over the spot. Also, sometimes, a similar operation for drawing pus from an abscess. Cupping glass, a glass cup in which a partial vacuum is produced by heat, in the process of cupping. -- Dry cupping, the application of a cupping instrument without scarification, to draw blood to the surface, produce counter irritation, etc. -- Wet cupping, the operation of drawing blood by the application of a cupping instrument after scarification.

CUPPY Cup"py, a.

1. Hollow; cuplike; also, full of cups, or small depressions.

2. Characterized by cup shakes; -- said of timber.

CUPREOUS Cu"pre*ous (k"pr-s), a. Etym: [L. cupreus, fr. cuprum.]

Defn: Consisting of copper or resembling copper; coppery.

CUPRIC Cu"pric (k"prk), a Etym: [From Cuprum.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, copper; containing copper; -- said of those compounds of copper in which this element is present in its lowest proportion.

CUPRIFEROUS Cu*prif"er*ous (k-prf"r-s), a. Etym: [Cuprum + -ferous.]

Defn: Containing copper; as, cupriferous silver.

CUPRITE Cu"prite (k"prt), n. (Min.)

Defn: The red oxide of copper; red copper; an important ore of copper, occurring massive and in isometric crystals.

CUPROID Cu"proid (k"proid), n. Etym: [Cuprum + -oid.]

Defn: (Crystalloq.) A solid related to a tetrahedron, and contained under twelve equal triangles.

CUP-ROSE Cup"-rose (kp"rz), n.

Defn: Red poppy. See Cop-rose.

CUPROUS Cu"prous (k"prs), a. Etym: [From Cuprum.] (Chem.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, copper; containing copper; -- said of those compounds of copper in which this element is present in its highest proportion.

CUPRUM Cu"prum (k"prm), n. Etym: [L.] (Chem.)

Defn: Copper.

CUP SHAKE Cup shake. (Forestry)

Defn: A shake or fissure between the annual rings of a tree, found oftenest near the roots.

CUPULATE Cu"pu*late (k"p-lt), a.

Defn: Having or bearing cupeles; cupuliferous.

CUPULE Cu"pule (k"pl), n. Etym: [See Cupola.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A cuplet or little cup, as the acorn; the husk or bur of the filbert, chestnut, etc.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sucker or acetabulum.

CUPULIFEROUS Cu`pu*lif"er*ous (k`p-lf"r-s), a. Etym: [Cupule + -ferous: cf. F. cupulif.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, the family of plants ot which the oak and the chestnut are examples, -- trees bearing a smooth, solid nut inclosed in some kind of cup or bur; bearing, or furnished with, a cupule.

CUR Cur (kr), n. Etym: [OE. curre, kur; cf. dial. Sw. kurre dog, OD. korre watchdog, and Icel. kurra to murmur, grumble, Sw. kurra to rumble, croak, Dan. kurre to coo, whirr; prob. of imitative origin.]

1. A mongrel or inferior dog. They . . . like to village curs, Bark when their fellows do. Shak.

2. A worthless, snarling fellow; -- used in contempt. What would you have, you curs, That like nor peace nor war Shak.

CURABILITY Cur`a*bil"i*ty (kr`-bl"-t), n.

Defn: The state of being curable; curableness.

CURABLE Cur"a*ble (kr"-b'l), a. Etym: [Cf. F. curable. See Cure, v. t.]

Defn: Capable of being cured; admitting remedy. "Curable diseases." Harvey. -- Cur"a*ble*ness, n. -- Cur`a*bly, adv.

CURACAO; CURACOA Cu`ra*çao", Cu`ra*çoa", (k`r-s"), n.

Defn: A liqueur, or cordial, flavored with orange peel, cinnamon, and mace; -- first made at the island of Curaçcao.

CURACY Cu"ra*cy (k"r-s), n.; pl. Curacies (-s. Etym: [See Cure, Curate.]

Defn: The office or employment of a curate.

CURARE; CURARI Cu*ra"re Cu*ra"ri (k-r"r), n. Etym: [Native name. Cf. Wourall.]

Defn: A black resinoid extract prepared by the South American Indians from the bark of several species of Strychnos (S. toxifera, etc.). It sometimes has little effect when taken internally, but is quickly fatal when introduced into the blood, and used by the Indians as an arrow poison. [Written also urari, woorali, woorari, etc.]

CURARINE Cu"ra*rine (k"r-rn or k-r"rn; 104), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A deadly alkaloid extracted from the curare poison and from the Strychnos toxifera. It is obtained in crystalline colorless salts.

CURARIZE Cu"ra*rize (-rz), v. t.

Defn: To poison with curare.

CURASSOW Cu*ras"sow (k-rs"s), n. Etym: [Native name in Brazil.] (Zool.)

Defn: A large gallinaceous bird of the American genera Crax, Ourax, etc., of the family Cracidæ.

Note: The crested curassow (Crax alector) is black, and about the size of a small hen-turkey, with an erectile crest of curled feathers. It ranges from Mexico to Brazil. The galeated curassow or cushew bird (Ourax Pauxi) is similar in size, and has a large, hollow, blue, pear-shaped protuberance on the head.

CURAT Cu"rat (k"rt), n. Etym: [SeeCuirass.]

Defn: A cuirass or breastplate. [Obs.] Spenser.

CURATE Cu"rate (k"rt), n. Etym: [LL. curatus, prop., one who is charged with the care (L. cura) of souls. See Cure, n., and cf. Cur]

Defn: One who has the cure souls; originally, any clergyman, but now usually limited to one who assist a rector or vicar Hook. All this the good old man performed alone, He spared no pains, for curate he had none. Dryden.

CURATESHIP Cu"rate*ship, n.

Defn: A curacy.

CURATION Cu*ra"tion (k-r"shn), n. Etym: [Cf. OF.curacion.]

Defn: Cure; healing. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CURATIVE Cur"a*tive (kr"-tv), a. Etym: [Cf. F.curatif. See Cure, v. t.]

Defn: Relating to, or employed in, the cure of diseases; tending to cure. Arbuthnot.

CURATOR Cu*ra"tor (k-r"tr). n. Etym: [L., fr. curare to take care of, fr. cura care.]

1. One who has the care and superintendence of anything, as of a museum; a custodian; a keeper.

2. One appointed to act as guardian of the estate of a person not legally competent to manage it, or of an absentee; a trustee; a guardian.

CURATORSHIP Cu*ra"tor*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a curator.

CURATRIX Cu*ra"trix (-trks), n. Etym: [L.]

1. A woman who cures.

2. A woman who is a guardian or custodian. Burrill.

CURB Curb (krb), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curbed (krbd); p. pr. & vb. n. Curbing.] Etym: [F. courber to bend, curve, L.curvare, fr. curvus bent, curved; cf. Gr. Curve.]

1. To bend or curve [Obs.] Crooked and curbed lines. Holland.

2. To guide and manage, or restrain, as with a curb; to bend to one's will; to subject; to subdue; to restrain; to confine; to keep in check. Part wield their arms, part curb the foaming steed. Milton. Where pinching want must curbthy warm desires. Prior.

3. To furnish wich a curb, as a well; also, to restrain by a curb, as a bank of earth.

CURB Curb, v. i.

Defn: To bend; to crouch; to cringe. [Obs.] Virtue itself of vice must pardon beg, Yea, curb and woo for leave to do him good. Shak.

CURB Curb, n.

1. That which curbs, restrains, or subdues; a check or hindbrance; esp., a chain or strap attached to the upper part of the branches of a bit, and capable of being drawn tightly against the lower jaw of the horse. He that before ran in the pastures wild Felt the stiff curb control his angry jaws. Drayton. By these men, religion,that should be The curb, is made the spur of tyranny. Denham.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: An assemblage of three or more pieces of timber, or a metal member, forming a frame around an opening, and serving to maintain the integrity of that opening; also, a ring of stone serving a similar purpose, as at the eye of a dome.

3. A frame or wall round the mouth of a well; also, a frame within a well to prevent the earth caving in.

4. A curbstone.

5. (Far.)

Defn: A swelling on the back part of the hind leg of a horse, just behind the lowest part of the hock joint, generally causing lameness. James Law. Curb bit, a stiff bit having branches by which a leverage is obtained upon the jaws of horse. Knight. -- Curb pins (Horology), the pins on the regulator which restrain the hairspring. -- Curb plate (Arch.), a plate serving the purpose of a curb. -- Deck curb. See under Deck.

CURBLESS Curb"less, a.

Defn: Having no curb or restraint.

CURB ROOF Curb" roof` (rf`).

Defn: A roof having a double slope, or composed, on each side, of two parts which have unequal inclination; a gambrel roof.

CURBSTONE Curb"stone` (krb"stn`), n.

Defn: A stone Curbstone broker.See under Broker.

CURCH Curch (krch), n.

Defn: See Courche.

CURCULIO Cur*cu"li*o (kr-r"l-), n.; pl. Curculios (-. Etym: [L., a grain weevil.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a large group of beetles (Rhynchophora) of many genera; -- called also weevils, snout beetles, billbeetles, and billbugs. Many of the species are very destructive, as the plum curculio, the corn, grain, and rice weevils, etc.

CURCULIONIDOUS Cur`cu*li*on"i*dous (kr`-k-l-n"-ds), a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Curculionideæ, or weevil tribe.

CURCUMA Cur"cu*ma (kr"k-m), n. Etym: [Cf. F., It., & Sp. curcuma; all fr. Ar. kurkum. Cf. Turmeric.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants of the order Scitamineæ, including the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa). Curcuma paper. (Chem.) See Turmeric paper, under Turmeric.

CURCUMIN Cur"cu*min (-mn), n. (Chem.)

Defn: The coloring principle of turmeric, or curcuma root, extracted as an orange yellow crystalline substance, C14H14O4, with a green fluorescence.

Note: It possesses acid properties and with alkalies forms brownish salts. This change in color from yellow to brown is the characteristic reaction of tumeric paper. See Turmeric paper, under Turmeric.

CURD Curd (krd), n. Etym: [Of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. gruth, Ir, gruth, cruth, curd, cruthaim I milk.] [Sometimes written crud.]

1. The coagulated or thickened part of milk, as distingushed from the whey, or watery part. It is eaten as food, especially when made into cheese. Curds and cream, the flower of country fare. Dryden.

2. The coagulated part of any liquid.

3. The edible flower head of certain brassicaceous plants, as the broccoli and cauliflower. Broccoli should be cut while the curd, as the flowering mass is termed, is entire. R. Thompson. Cauliflowers should be cut for use while the head, or curd, is still close and compact. F. Burr.

CURD Curd (krd), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curded;p. pr. &* vb. n. Curding.]

Defn: To cause to coagulate or thicken; to cause to congeal; to curdle. Does it curd thy blood To say I am thy mother Shak.

CURD Curd, v. i.

Defn: To become coagulated or thickened; to separate into curds and whey Shak.

CURDINESS Curd"i*ness (--ns), n.

Defn: The state of being curdy.

CURDLE Cur"dle (kr"d'l), v. i. Etym: [From Curd.] [Sometimes written crudle and cruddle.]

1. To change into curd; to coagulate; as, rennet causes milk to curdle. Thomson.

2. To thicken; to congeal. Then Mary could feel her heart's blood curdle cold. Southey.

CURDLE Cur"dle, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curdled (-d'ld); p.pr. & vb. n. Curdling (-dlng).]

1. To change into curd; to cause to coagulate. "To curdle whites of eggs" Boyle.

2. To congeal or thicken. My chill blood is curdled in my veins. Dryden.

CURDLESS Curd"less (krd"ls), a.

Defn: Destitute of curd.

CURDY Curd"y (krd"), a.

Defn: Like curd; full of curd; coagulated. "A curdy mass." Arbuthnot.

CURE Cure (k, n. Etym: [OF, cure care, F., also, cure, healing, cure of souls, L. cura care, medical attendance, cure; perh. akin to cavere to pay heed, E. cution. Cure is not related to care.]

1. Care, heed, or attention. [Obs.] Of study took he most cure and most heed. Chaucer. Vicarages of greatcure, but small value. Fuller.

2. Spiritual charge; care of soul; the office of a parish priest or of a curate; hence, that which is committed to the charge of a parish priest or of a curate; a curacy; as, to resign a cure; to obtain a cure. The appropriator was the incumbent parson, and had the cure of the souls of the parishioners. Spelman.

3. Medical or hygienic care; remedial treatment of disease; a method of medical treatment; as, to use the water cure.

4. Act of healing or state of being healed; restoration to health from disease, or to soundness after injury. Past hope! pastcure! past help. Shak. I do cures to-day and to-morrow. Luke xii. 32.

5. Means of the removal of disease or evil; that which heals; a remedy; a restorative. Cold, hunger, prisons, ills without a cure. Dryden. The proper cure of such prejudices. Bp. Hurd.

CURE Cure, v. t. [imp.& p.p. Cured (krd); p. pr. & vb. n. Curing.] Etym: [OF. curer to take care, to heal, F., only, to cleanse, L. curare to take care, to heal, fr. cura. See Cure,.]

1. To heal; to restore to health, soundness, or sanity; to make well; -- said of a patient. The child was cured from that very hour. Matt. xvii. 18.

2. To subdue or remove by remedial means; to remedy; to remove; to heal; -- said of a malady. To cure this deadly grief. Shak. Then he called his twelve disciples together, and gave them power . . . to cure diseases. Luke ix. 1.

3. To set free from (something injurious or blameworthy), as from a bad habit. I never knew any man cured of inattention. Swift.

4. To prepare for preservation or permanent keeping; to preserve, as by drying, salting, etc.; as, to cure beef or fish; to cure hay.

CURE Cure, v. i.

1. To pay heed; to care; to give attention. [Obs.]

2. To restore health; to effect a cure. Whose smile and frown, like to Achilles' spear, Is able with the change to kill and cure. Shak.

3. To become healed. One desperate grief cures with another's languish. Shak.

CURE Cu`ré" (k`r"), n. Etym: [F., fr. LL. curatus. See Curate.]

Defn: A curate; a pardon.

CUREALL Cure"*all` (kr"l`), n.

Defn: A remedy for all diseases, o

CURELESS Cure"less, a.

Defn: Incapable of cure; incurable. With patience undergo A cureless ill, since fate will have it so. Dryden.

CURER Cur"er (-r), n.

1. One who cures; a healer; a physician.

2. One who prepares beef, fish, etc., for preservation by drying, salting, smoking, etc.

CURETTE Cu*rette" (k-rt"), n.Etym: [F., fr. curer to cleanse.] (Med.)

Defn: A scoop or ring with either a blunt or a cutting edge, for removing substances from the walls of a cavity, as from the eye, ear, or womb.

CURFEW Cur"few (kr"f), n. Etym: [OE. courfew, curfu, fr. OF. cuevrefu, covrefeu, F. couvre-feu; covrir to cover + feu fire, fr. L. focus fireplace, hearth. See Cover, and Focus.]

1. The ringing of an evening bell, originally a signal to the inhabitants to cover fires, extinguish lights, and retire to rest, -- instituted by William the Conqueror; also, the bell itself. He begins at curfew, and walks till the first cock. Shak. The village curfew, as it tolled profound. Campbell.

2. A utensil for covering the fire. [Obs.] For pans, pots, curfews, counters and the like. Bacon.

CURIA Cu"ri*a (k"r-), n.; pl. Curle (-. Etym: [L.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.) (a) One of the thirty parts into which the Roman people were divided by Romulus. (b) The place of assembly of one of these divisions. (c) The place where the meetings of the senate were held; the senate house.

2. (Middle Ages)

Defn: The court of a sovereign or of a feudal lord; also; his residence or his household. Burrill.

3. (Law)

Defn: Any court of justice.

4. The Roman See in its temporal aspects, including all the machinery of administration; -- called also curia Romana.

CURIAL Cu"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the papal curia; as, the curial etiquette of the Vatican. -- n.

Defn: A member of a curia, esp. of that of Rome or the later Italian sovereignties.

CURIALISM Cu"ri*a*lism (k"r--lz'm), n.

Defn: The wiew or doctrins of the ultramontane party in the Latin Church. Gladstone.

CURIALIST Cu"ri*a*list (k"r--lst), n.

Defn: One who belongs to the ultramontane party in the Latin Church. Shipley.

CURIALISTIC Cu`ri*a*lis"tic (-ls"tk), a. Etym: [L.curialis belonging to the imperial court, fr. curia, LL., also, counselors and retinue of a king.]

1. Pertaining to a court.

2. Relating or belonging to the ultramonate party in the Latin Church.

CURIALITY Cu`ri*al"i*ty (-l"-t), n. Etym: [Cf. LL. curialitas courtesy, fr. curialis.]

Defn: The privileges, prerogatives, or retinue of a court. [Obs.] Bacon.

CURIET Cu"ri*et (k"r-t), n.

Defn: A cuirass. [Obs.] Spenser.

CURING Cur"ing (kr"ng),

Defn: p. a. & vb. n. of Cure. Curing house, a building in which anything is cured; especially, in the West Indies, a building in which sugar is drained and dried.

CURIO Cu"ri*o (k"r-), n.; pl.Curios (-. Etym: [Abbreviation of curiosity.]

Defn: Any curiosity or article of virtu. The busy world, which does not hunt poets as collectors hunt for curios. F. Harrison.

CURIOLOGIC Cu`ri*o*log"ic (--lj"k), a. Etym: [Gr. Cyriologic.]

Defn: Pertaining to a rude kind of hieroglyphics, in which a thing is represented by its picture instead of by a symbol.

CURIOSITY Cu`ri*os"i*ty (k`r-s"-t), n.; pl. Curiosities (-t. Etym: [OE. curiouste, curiosite, OF. curioseté, curiosité, F. curiosit, fr. L. curiositas, fr. curiosus. See Currious, and cf. Curio.]

1. The state or quality or being curious; nicety; accuracy; exactness; elaboration. [Obs.] Bacon. When thou wast in thy gilt and thy perfume, they mocked thee for too much curiosity. Shak. A screen accurately cut in tapiary work . . . with great curiosity. Evelin.

2. Disposition to inquire, investigate, or seek after knowledge; a desire to gratify the mind with new information or objects of interest; inquisitiveness. Milton.

3. That which is curious, or fitted to excite or reward attention. We took a ramble together to see the curiosities of this great town. Addison. There hath been practiced also a curiosity, to set a tree upon the north side of a wall, and, at a little hieght, to draw it through the wall, etc. Bacon.

CURIOSO Cu`ri*o"so (k`r-"z or k`r-"s), n.; pl. Curiosos (-zor -s. Etym: [It. See Curious.]

Defn: A virtuoso.

CURIOUS Cu"ri*ous (k"r-s), a. Etym: [OF. curios, curius, F. curieux, L. curiosus careful, inquisitive, fr. cura care. See Cure.]

1. Difficult to please or satisfy; solicitous to be correct; careful; scrupulous; nice; exact. [Obs.] Little curious in her clothes. Fuller. How shall we, If he be curious, work upon his faith Bean &

2. Exhibiting care or nicety; artfully constructed; elaborate; wrought with elegance or skill. To devise curious works. Ex. xxxv. 32 His body couched in a curious bed. Shak.

3. Careful or anxious to learn; eager for knowledge; given to research or inquiry; habitually inquisitive; prying; -- sometimes with after or of. It is a picurious after things that were elegant and beatiful should not have been as curious as to their origin, their uses, and their natural history. Woodward.

4. Exciting attention or inquiry; awakening surprise; inviting and rewarding inquisitiveness; not simple or plain; strange; rare. "Acurious tale" Shak. A multitude of curious analogies. Mocaulay. Many a quaint and curiousvolume of forgotten lore. E. A. Poe. Abstruse investigations in recondite branches of learning or sciense often bring to light curious results. C. J. Smith. Curious arts, magic. [Obs.] Many . . . which used curious arts brought their books together, and burned them. Acts xix. 19.

Syn. -- Inquisitive; prying. See Inquisitive.

CURIOUSLY Cu"ri*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a curious manner.

CURIOUSNESS Cu"ri*ous*ness, n.

1. Carefulness; painstaking. [Obs.] My father's care With curiousness and cost did train me up. Massinger.

2. The state of being curious; exactness of workmanship; ingenuity of contrivance.

3. Inquisitiveness; curiosity.

CURL Curl (krl), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Curled (krld); p. pr. & vb. n. Curling.] Etym: [Akin to D. krullen, Dan. kr, dial. Sw. krulla to curl, crisp; possibly akin to E. crook. Cf. Curl, n., Cruller.]

1. To twist or form into ringlets; to crisp, as the hair. But curl their locks with bodkins and with braid. Cascoigne.

2. To twist or make onto coils, as a serpent's body. Of his tortuous train, Curled many a wanton wreath in sight of Eve. Milton.

3. To deck with, or as with, curls; to ornament. Thicker than the snaky locks That curledMegæra. Milton. Curling with metaphors a plain intention. Herbert.

4. To raise in waves or undulations; to ripple. Seas would be pools without the brushing air To curl the waves. Dryden.

5. (Hat Making)

Defn: To shape (the brim) into a curve.

CURL Curl, v. i.

1. To contract or bend into curis or ringlets, as hair; to grow in curls or spirals, as a vine; to be crinkled or contorted; to have a curly appearance; as, leaves lie curled on the ground. Thou seest it [hair] will not curl by nature. Shak.

2. To move in curves, spirals, or undulations; to contract in curving outlines; to bend in a curved form; to make a curl or curls. "Cirling billows." Dryden. Then round her slender waist he curled. Dryden. Curling smokes from village tops are seen. Pope. Gayly curl the waves before each dashing prow. Byron. He smiled a king of sickly smile, and curled up on the floor. Bret Harte. . 358

3. To play at the game called curling. [Scot.]

CURL Curl (krl), n. Etym: [Akin to D. krul, Dan. kr. See Curl, v. ]

1. A ringlet, especially of hair; anything of a spiral or winding form. Under a coronet, his flowing hair In curls on either cheek played. Milton.

2. An undulating or waving line or streak in any substance, as wood, glass, etc.; flexure; sinuosity. If the glass of the prisms . . . be without those numberless waves or curls which usually arise from the sand holes. Sir I. Newton.

3. A disease in potatoes, in which the leaves, at their first appearance, seem curled and shrunken. Blue curls. (Bot.) See under Blue.

CURLED Curled (lrld), a.

Defn: Having curls; curly; sinuous; wavy; as, curled maple (maple having fibers which take a sinnuous course). Curled hair (Com.), the hair of the manes and tails of horses, prepared for upholstery purposes. McElrath.

CURLEDNESS Curl"ed*ness, n.

Defn: State of being curled; curliness.

CURLER Curl"er (-r), n.

1. One who, or that which, curls.

2. A player at the game called curling. Burns.

CURLEW Cur"lew (kr"l), n. Etym: [F. courlieu, corlieu, courlis; perh. of imitative origin, but cf. OF. corlieus courier; L. currere to run + levis light.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wading bird of the genus Numenius, remarkable for its long, slender, curved bill.

Note: The common European curlew is N. arquatus. The long-billed (N. longirostris), the Hudsonian (N. Hudsonicus), and the Eskimo curlew (N. borealis, are American species. The name is said to imitate the note of the European species. Curlew Jack (Zoöl.) the whimbrel or lesser curlew. -- Curlew sandpiper (Zoöl.), a sandpiper (Tringa ferruginea, or subarquata), common in Europe, rare in America, resembling a curlew in having a long, curved bill. See Illustation in Appendix.

CURLINESS Curl"i*ness (krl"-ns), n.

Defn: State of being curly.

CURLING Curl"ing, n.

1. The act or state of that which curls; as, the curling of smoke when it rises; the curling of a ringlet; also, the act or process of one who curls something, as hair, or the brim of hats.

2. A scottish game in which heavy weights of stone or iron are propelled by hand over the ice towards a mark. Curling . . . is an amusement of the winter, and played on the ice, by sliding from one mark to another great stones of 40 to 70 pounds weight, of a hemispherical form, with an iron or wooden handle at top. The object of the player is to lay his stone as near to the mark as possible, to guard that of his partner, which has been well laid before, or to strike off that of his antagonist. Pennant (Tour in Scotland. 1772). Curling irons, Curling tong, an instrument for curling the hair; -- commonly heated when used.

CURLINGLY Curl"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With a curl, or curls.

CURLY Curl"y (krl"), a.

Defn: Curling or tending to curl; having curls; full of ripples; crinkled.

CURLYCUE Curl"y*cue (krl"-k), n. Etym: [Cf. F. caracole.]

Defn: Some thing curled or spiral,, as a flourish made with a pen on paper, or with skates on the ice; a trick; a frolicsome caper. [Sometimes written carlicue.] [ Colloq. U.S.] To cut a curlycue, to make a flourish; to cut a caper. I gave a flourishing about the room and cut a curlycue with my right foot. McClintock.

CURMUDGEON Cur*mudg"eon (kr-mj"n), n. Etym: [OE. cornmudgin, where -mudgin is prob. from OF. muchier, mucier, F. musser to hide; of uncertain origin; cf. OE. muchares skulking thieves, E. miche, micher.]

Defn: An avaricious, grasping fellow; a miser; a niggard; a churl. A gray-headed curmudgeon of a negro. W. Irving.

CURMUDGEONLY Cur*mudg"eon*ly, a.

Defn: Like a curmudgeon; niggardly; churlish; as, a curmudgeonly fellow.

CURMURRING Cur*mur"ring (kr-mr"rng), n.

Defn: Murmuring; grumbling; -- sometimes applied to the rumbling produced by a slight attack of the gripes. [Scot.] Burns.

CURR Curr (kr), v. i. Etym: [Prob. imitative.]

Defn: To coo. [Scot.] The owlets hoot, the owlets curr. Wordsworth.

CURRANT Cur"rant (kr"rant), n. Etym: [F. corinthe (raisins de Corinthe raisins of Corinth) currant (in sense 1), from the city of Corinth in Greece, whence, probably, the small dried grape (1) was first imported, the Ribes fruit (2) receiving the name from its resemblance to that grape.]

1. A small kind of seedless raisin, imported from the Levant, chiefly from Zante and Cephalonia; -- used in cookery.

2. The acid fruit or berry of the Ribes rubrum or common red currant, or of its variety, the white currant.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A shrub or bush of several species of the genus Ribes (a genus also including the gooseberry); esp., the Ribes rubrum. Black currant,a shrub or bush (Ribes nigrum and R. floridum) and its black, strong-flavored, tonic fruit. -- Cherry currant, a variety of the red currant, having a strong, symmetrical bush and a very large berry. -- Currant borer (Zoöl.), the larva of an insect that bores into the pith and kills currant bushes; specif., the larvae of a small clearwing moth (Ægeria tipuliformis) and a longicorn beetle (Psenocerus supernotatus). -- Currant worm (Zoöl.), an insect larva which eats the leaves or fruit of the currant. The most injurious are the currant sawfly (Nematus ventricosus), introduced from Europe, and the spanworm (Eufitchia ribearia). The fruit worms are the larva of a fly (Epochra Canadensis), and a spanworm (Eupithecia). -- Flowering currant, Missouri currant, a species of Ribes (R. aureum), having showy yellow flowers.

CURRENCY Cur"ren*cy (kr"rn-c), n.; pl. Currencies (-s. Etym: [Cf. LL. currentia a current, fr. L. currens, p. pr. of currere to run. See Current.]

1. A continued or uninterrupted course or flow like that of a sream; as, the currency of time. [Obs.] Ayliffe.

2. The state or quality of being current; general acceptance or reception; a passing from person to person, or from hand to hand; circulation; as, a report has had a long or general currency; the currency of bank notes.

3. That which is in circulation, or is given and taken as having or representing value; as, the currency of a country; a specie currency; esp., government or bank notes circulating as a substitute for metallic money.

4. Fluency; readiness of utterance. [Obs.]

5. Current value; general estimation; the rate at which anything is generally valued. He . . . takes greatness of kingdoms according to their bulk and currency, and not after intrinsic value. Bacon. The bare name of Englishman . . . too often gave a transient currency to the worthless and ungrateful. W. Irving.

CURRENT Cur"rent (kr"rent), a. Etym: [OE. currant, OF. curant, corant, p. pr. of curre, corre, F. courre, courir, to run, from L. currere; perh. akin to E. horse. Cf. Course, Concur, Courant, Coranto.]

1. Running or moving rapidly. [Archaic] Like the current fire, that renneth Upon a cord. Gower. To chase a creature that was current then In these wild woods, the hart with golden horns. Tennyson.

2. Now passing, as time; as, the current month.

3. Passing from person to person, or from hand to hand; circulating through the community; generally received; common; as, a current coin; a current report; current history. That there was current money in Abraham's time is past doubt. Arbuthnot. Your fire-new stamp of honor is scarce current. Shak. His current value, which is less or more as men have occasion for him. Grew.

4. Commonly estimated or acknowledged.

5. Fitted for general acceptance or circulation; authentic; passable. O Buckingham, now do I play the touch To try if thou be current gold indeed. Shak. Account current. See under Account. -- Current money, lawful money. Abbott.

CURRENT Cur"rent, n. Etym: [Cf. F. courant. See Current, a. ]

1. A flowing or passing; onward motion. Hence: A body of fluid moving continuously in a certain direction; a stream; esp., the swiftest part of it; as, a current of water or of air; that which resembles a stream in motion; as, a current of electricity. Two such silver currents, when they join, Do glorify the banks that bound them in. Shak. The surface of the ocean is furrowed by currents, whose direction . . . the navigator should know. Nichol.

2. General course; ordinary procedure; progressive and connected movement; as, the current of time, of events, of opinion, etc. Current meter, an instrument for measuring the velocity, force, etc., of currents. -- Current mill, a mill driven by a current wheel. -- Current wheel, a wheel dipping into the water and driven by the current of a stream or by the ebb and flow of the tide.

Syn. -- Stream; course. See Stream.

CURRENTLY Cur"rent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a current manner; generally; commonly; as, it is currently believed.

CURRENTNESS Cur"rent*ness, n.

1. The quality of being current; currency; circulation; general reception.

2. Easiness of pronunciation; fluency. [Obs.] When currentness [combineth] with staidness, how can the language . . . sound other than most full of sweetness Camden.

CURRICLE Cur"ri*cle (kr"r-k'l), n. Etym: [L.curriculum a running, a race course, fr. currere to run. See Current, and cf. Curriculum.]

1. A small or short course. Upon a curricle in this world depends a long course of the next. Sir T. Browne.

2. A two-wheeled chaise drawn by two horses abreast.

CURRICULUM Cur*ric"u*lum (kr-rk"-lm), n.; pl. E. Curriculums (-lCurricula (-l. Etym: [L. See Curricle.]

1. A race course; a place for running.

2. A course; particularly, a specified fixed course of study, as in a university.

CURRIE Cur"rie (kr"r), n. & v.

Defn: See 2d & 3d Curry.

CURRIED Cur"ried (-r, p.a. Etym: [See Curry, v. t., and Curry, n.]

1. Dressed by currying; cleaned; prepared.

2. Prepared with curry; as, curried rice, fowl, etc.

CURRIER Cur"ri*er (k"r-r), n. Etym: [From 1st Curry.]

Defn: One who curries and dresses leather, after it is tanned.

CURRISH Cur"rish (kr"rsh), a. Etym: [From Cur.]

Defn: Having the qualities, or exhibiting the characteristics, of a cur; snarling; quarrelsome; snappish; churlish; hence, also malicious; malignant; brutal. Thy currish spirit Governed a wolf. Shak. Some currish plot, -- some trick. Lockhart. -- Cur"rish*ly, adv. -- Cur"rish*ness, n.

CURRY Cur"ry (kr"r), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curried (-rd); p.pr. & vb. n. Currying.] Etym: [OE. curraien, curreien, OF. cunreer, correier, to prepare, arrange, furnish, curry (a horse), F. corroyer to curry (leather) (cf. OF. conrei, conroi, order, arrangement, LL. conredium); cor- (L.com-) + roi, rei, arrangement, order; prob. of German origin, and akin to E. ready. See Ready, Greith, and cf. Corody, Array.]

1. To dress or prepare for use by a process of scraping, cleansing, beating, smoothing, and coloring; -- said of leather.

2. To dress the hair or coat of (a horse, ox, or the like) with a currycomb and brush; to comb, as a horse, in order to make clean. Your short horse is soon curried. Beau. & FL.

3. To beat or bruise; to drub; -- said of persons. I have seen him curry a fellow's carcass handsomely. Beau. & FL. To curry favor, to seek to gain favor by flattery or attentions. See Favor, n.

CURRY Cur"ry, n. Etym: [Tamil kari.] [Written also currie.]

1. (Cookery)

Defn: A kind of sauce much used in India, containing garlic, pepper, ginger, and other strong spices.

2. A stew of fowl, fish, or game, cooked with curry. Curry powder (Cookery), a condiment used for making curry, formed of various materials, including strong spices, as pepper, ginger, garlic, coriander seed, etc.

CURRY Cur"ry (kr"r), v. t.

Defn: To flavor or cook with curry.

CURRYCOMB Cur"ry*comb` (kr"r-km`), n.

Defn: A kind of card or comb having rows of metallic teeth or serrated ridges, used in curryng a horse.

CURRYCOMB Cur"ry*comb`, v. t.

Defn: To comb with a currycomb.

CURSE Curse (krs), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cursed (krst) or Curst; p. pr. & vb. n. Cursing.] Etym: [AS. cursian, corsian, perh. of Scand. origin; cf. Dan. korse to make the sign of the cross, Sw. korsa, fr. Dan. & Sw. kors cross, Icel kross, all these Scand. words coming fr. OF. crois, croiz, fr. L. crux cross. Cf. Cross.]

1. To call upon divine or supernatural power to send injury upon; to imprecate evil upon; to execrate. Thou shalt not . . . curse the ruler of thy people. Ex. xxii. 28. Ere sunset I'll make thee curse the deed. Shak.

2. To bring great evil upon; to be the cause of serious harm or unhappiness to; to furnish with that which will be a cause of deep trouble; to afflict or injure grievously; to harass or torment. On impious realms and barbarous kings impose Thy plagues, and curse 'em with such sons as those. Pope. To curse by bell, book, and candle. See under Bell.

CURSE Curse, v. i.

Defn: To utter imprecations or curses; to affirm or deny with imprecations; to swear. Then began he to curse and to swear. Matt. xxi. 74. His spirits hear me, And yet I need must curse. Shak.

CURSE Curse, n. Etym: [AS. curs. See Curse, v. t.]

1. An invocation of, or prayer for, harm or injury; malediction. Lady, you know no rules of charity, Which renders good for bad, blessings for curses. Shak.

2. Evil pronounced or invoked upon another, solemnly, or in passion; subjection to, or sentence of, divine condemnation. The priest shall write these curses in a book. Num. v. 23. Curses, like chickens, come home to roost. Old Proverb.

3. The cause of great harm, evil, or misfortune; that which brings evil or severe affliction; torment. The common curse of mankind, folly and ignorance. Shak. All that I eat, or drink, or shall beget, Is propagated curse. Milton. The curse of Scotland (Card Playing), the nine of diamonds. -- Not worth a curse. See under Cress.

Syn. -- Malediction; imprecation; execration. See Malediction.

CURSED Curs"ed (krs"d), a.

Defn: Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable. Let us fly this cursed place. Milton. This cursed quarrel be no more renewed. Dryden.

CURSEDLY Curs"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a cursed manner; miserably; in a manner to be detested; enormously. [Low]

CURSEDNESS Curs"ed*ness, n.

1. The state of being under a curse or of being doomed to execration or to evil.

2. Wickedness; sin; cursing. Chaucer.

3. Shrewishness. "My wife's cursedness." Chaucer.

CURSER Curs"er (krs"r), n.

Defn: One who curses.

CURSHIP Cur"ship (kr"shp), n. Etym: [Cur +-ship.]

Defn: The state of being a cur; one who is currish. [Jocose] How durst he, I say, oppose thy curship! Hudibras.

CURSITATING Cur"si*ta`ting (kr"s-t`tng), a. Etym: [See Cursitor.]

Defn: Moving about slightly. [R.] H. Bushnell.

CURSITOR Cur"si*tor (kr"s-tr), n. Etym: [LL. cursitor, equiv. to L. cursor, fr. cursare to run hither and thither, fr. currere to run. See Current, and cf. Cursor.]

1. A courier or runner. [Obs.] "Cursitors to and fro." Holland.

2. (Eng.Law)

Defn: An officer in the Court of Chancery, whose business is to make out original writs.

CURSIVE Cur"sive (kr"sv), a. Etym: [LL. cursivus: cf. F. cursif See Cursitor.]

Defn: Running; flowing. Cursive hand,a running handwriting.

CURSIVE Cur"sive, n.

1. A character used in cursive writing.

2. A manuscript, especially of the New Testament, written in small, connected characters or in a running hand; -- opposed to uncial. Shipley.

CURSOR Cur"sor (kr"sr), n. Etym: [L., a runner. See Cursitor.]

Defn: Any part of a mathematical instrument that moves or slides backward and forward upon another part.

CURSORARY Cur"so*ra*ry (-s-r-r), a.

Defn: Cursory; hasty. [Obs.] With a cursorary eye o'erglanced the articles. Shak.

CURSORES Cur*so"res (kr-s"rEz), n. pl. Etym: [L. cursor, pl. cursores, a runner.] (Zoöl.) (a) An order of running birds including the ostrich, emu, and allies; the Ratitaæ. (b) A group of running spiders; the wolf spiders.

CURSORIAL Cur*so"ri*al (kr-s"r-al), a. (Zoöl.) (a) Adapted to running or walking, and not to prehension; as, the limbs of the horse are cursorial. See Illust. of Aves. (b) Of or pertaining to the Cursores.

CURSORILY Cur"so*ri*ly (kr"s-r-l), adv.

Defn: In a running or hasty manner; carelessly.

CURSORINESS Cur"so*ri*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being cursory; superficial performance; as, cursoriness of view.

CURSORY Cur"so*ry (kr"s-r), a. Etym: [L. cursorius, fr. cursor. See Cursor.]

1. Running about; not stationary. [Obs.]

2. Characterized by haste; hastily or superficially performed; slight; superficial; careless. Events far too important to be treated in a cursory manner. Hallam.

CURST Curst (krst),

Defn: imp. & p.p. of Curse.

CURST Curst, a. Etym: [SeeCurse.]

Defn: Froward; malignant; mischievous; malicious; snarling. [Obs.] Though his mind Be ne'er so curst, his tonque is kind. Crashaw.

CURSTFULLY Curst"ful*ly (-fl-l), adv.

Defn: Peevishly; vexatiously; detestably. [Obs.] "Curstfully mad." Marston.

CURSTNESS Curst"ness (krst"ns), n.

Defn: Peevishness; malignity; frowardness; crabbedness; surliness. [Obs.] Shak.

CURT Curt (krt), a. Etym: [L. curtus; cf. Skr. kart to cut. Cf. Curtail.]

Defn: Characterized by exessive brevity; short; rudely concise; as, curt limits; a curt answer. The curt, yet comprehensive reply. W. Irving.

CURTAIL Cur*tail" (kr-tl"), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curtailed (-tld"); p.pr. & vb.n. Curtailing.] Etym: [See Curtal.]

Defn: To cut off the end or tail, or any part, of; to shorten; to abridge; to diminish; to reduce. I, that am curtailed of this fair proportion. Shak. Our incomes have been curtailed; his salary has been doubled. Macualay.

CURTAIL Cur"tail (kr"tl), n.

Defn: The scroll termination of any architectural member, as of a step, etc.

CURTAIL DOG Cur"tail dog` (d.

Defn: A dog with a docked tail; formerly, the dog of a person not qualified to course, which, by the forest laws, must have its tail cut short, partly as a mark, and partly from a notion that the tail is necessary to a dog in running; hence, a dog not fit for sporting. Hope is a curtail dog in some affairs. Shak.

CURTAILER Cur*tail"er (kr-tl"r), n.

Defn: One who curtails.

CURTAILMENT Cur*tail"ment (kr-tl"ment), n.

Defn: The act or result of curtailing or cutting off. Bancroft.

CURTAIN Cur"tain (kr"tn; 48), n. Etym: [OE.cortin, curtin,fr. OF. cortine, curtine, F. courtine, LL. cortina, curtian (in senses 1 and 2), also, small court, small inclosure surrounded by walls, from cortis court. See Court.]

1. A hanging screen intended to darken or conceal, and admitting of being drawn back or up, and reclosed at pleasure; esp., drapery of cloth or lace hanging round a bed or at a window; in theaters, and like places, a movable screen for concealing the stage.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: That part of the rampart and parapet which is between two bastions or two gates. See Illustrations of Ravelin and Bastion.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: That part of a wall of a building which is between two pavilions, towers, etc.

4. A flag; an ensign; -- in contempt. [Obs.] Shak. Behind the curtain, in concealment; in secret. -- Curtain lecture, a querulous lecture given by a wife to her husband within the bed curtains, or in bed. Jerrold. A curtain lecture is worth all the sermons in the world for teaching the virtues of patience and long-suffering. W. Irving. -- The curtain falls, the performance closes. -- The curtain rises, the performance begins. -- To draw the curtain, to close ot over an object, or to remove it; hence: (a) To hide or to disclose an object. (b) To commence or close a performance. -- To drop the curtain, to end the tale, or close the performance.

CURTAIN Cur"tain, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curtained (-tnd; 48); p. pr. & vb. n. Curtaining.]

Defn: To inclose as with curtains; to furnish with curtains. So when the sun in bed Curtained with cloudy red. Milton.

CURTAL Cur"tal (kr"tal), a. Etym: [OF. courtault, F. courtaud, having a docked tail (cf. It. cortaldo), fr. court short, L. curtus. See Curt, and Curtail.]

Defn: Curt; brief; laconic. Essays and curtal aphorisms. Milton. Curtal dog. See Curtail dog.

CURTAL Cur"tal, n.

Defn: A horse with a docked tail; hence, anything cut short. [Obs] Nares.

CURTAL AX; CURTLE AX; CURTELASSE Cur"tal ax`, Cur"tle ax`, Curte"lasse (krt"las).

Defn: A corruption of Cutlass.

CURTAL FRIAR Cur"tal fri`ar (fr`r).

Defn: A friar who acted as porter at the gate of a monastery. Sir W. Scott.

CURTANA Cur*ta"na (kr-t"n), n.

Defn: The pointless sword carried before English monarchs at their coronation, and emblematically considered as the sword of mercy; -- also called the sword of Edward the Confessor.

CURTATE Cur"tate (kr"tt), a. Etym: [L. curtatus, p.p. of curtare to shorten, fr. curtus. See Curt.] (Astron.)

Defn: Shortened or reduced; -- said of the distance of a planet from the sun or earth, as measured in the plane of the ecliptic, or the distance from the sun or earth to that point where a perpendicular, let fall from the planet upon the plane of the ecliptic, meets the ecliptic. Curtate cycloid. (Math.) See Cycloid.

CURTATION Cur*ta"tion (kr-t"shn), n. (Astron.)

Defn: The interval by which the curtate distance of a planet is less than the true distance.

CURTEIN Cur*tein" (kr-tn"), n.

Defn: Same as Curtana.

CURTES Cur*tes" (kr-ts"), a.

Defn: Courteous. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CURTESY Cur"te*sy (kr"t-s), n.; pl. Curtesies (-s. Etym: [Either fr. courlesy, the lands being held as it were by favor; or fr. court (LL. curtis), the husband being regarded as holding the lands as a vassal of the court. See Court, Courtesy.] (Law)

Defn: the life estate which a husband has in the lands of his deceased wife, which by the common law takes effect where he has had issue by her, born alive, and capable of inheriting the lands. Mozley & W.

CURTILAGE Cur"ti*lage (k, n. Etym: [OF. cortillage, curtillage, fr. cortil court, courtyard, LL. cortis court. See Court.] (Law)

Defn: A yard, courtyard, or piece of ground, included within the fence surrounding a dwelling house. Burrill.

CURTLY Curt"ly (krt"l), adv.

Defn: In a curt manner.

CURTNESS Curt"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of bing curt.

CURTSY Curt"sy (krt"s), n.

Defn: Same as Courtesy, an act of respect.

CURULE Cu"rule (k"rl), a. Etym: [L. curulis, fr. currus a charoit: cf. F. curule.]

1. Of or pertaining to a charoit.

2. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a kind of chair appropriated to Roman magistrates and dignitaries; pertaining to, having, or conferring, the right to sit in the curule chair; hence, official.

Note: The curule chair was usually shaped like a camp stool, and provided with curved legs. It was at first ornamented with ivory, and later sometimes made of ivory and inlaid with gold. Curule dignity right of sitting in the curule chair.

CURURO Cu*ru"ro (k-r"r), n. Etym: [Chilian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A Chilian burrowing rodent of the genus Spalacopus.

CURVAL; CURVANT Cur"val (kr"val), Cur"vant (-vant), a. Etym: [L. curvans, p. pr. ] (Her.)

Defn: Bowed; bent; curved.

CURVATE; CURVATED Cur"vate (kr"vt), Cur"va*ted (-v-td), a. Etym: [L. curvatus p. p. of curvare to curve, fr. curvus. See Curve.]

Defn: Bent in a regular form; curved.

CURVATION Cur*va"tion (kr-v"shn), n. Etym: [L. curvatio.]

Defn: The act of bending or crooking.

CURVATIVE Cur"va*tive (kr"v-tv), a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the margins only a little curved; -- said of leaves. Henslow.

CURVATURE Cur"va*ture (kr"v-tr; 135), n. Etym: [L. curvatura. See Curvate.]

1. The act of curving, or the state of being bent or curved; a curving or bending, normal or abnormal, as of a line or surface from a rectilinear direction; a bend; a curve. Cowper. The elegant curvature of their fronds. Darwin.

2. (Math.)

Defn: The amount of degree of bending of a mathematical curve, or the tendency at any point to depart from a tangent drawn to the curve at that point. Aberrancy of curvature (Geom.), the deviation of a curve from a curcular form. -Absolute curvature. See under Absolute. -- Angle of curvature (Geom.), one that expresses the amount of curvature of a curve. -- Chord of curvature. See under Chord. -- Circle of curvature. See Osculating circle of a curve, under Circle. -- Curvature of the spine (Med.), an abnormal curving of the spine, especially in a lateral direction. -- Radius of curvature, the radius of the circle of curvature, or osculatory circle, at any point of a curve.

CURVE Curve (krv), a. Etym: [L. curvus bent, curved. See Cirb.]

Defn: Bent without angles; crooked; curved; as, a curve line; a curve surface.

CURVE Curve, n. Etym: [See Curve, a., Cirb.]

1. A bending without angles; that wcich is bent; a flexure; as, a curve in a railway or canal.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: A line described according to some low, and having no finite portion of it a straight line. Axis of a curve. See under Axis. -- Curve of quickest descent. See Brachystochrone. -- Curve tracing (Math.), the process of determining the shape, location, singular points, and other perculiarities of a curve from its equation. -- Plane curve (Geom.), a curve such that when a plane passes through three points of the curve, it passes through all the other points of the curve. Any other curve is called a curve of double curvature, or a twisted curve.

CURVE Curve, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Curved (krvd); p. pr. & vb. n. Curving.] Etym: [L. curvare., fr. curvus. See Curve, a., Curb.]

Defn: To bend; to crook; as, to curve a line; to curve a pipe; to cause to swerve from a straight course; as, to curve a ball in pitching it.

CURVE Curve, v. i.

Defn: To bend or turn gradually from a given direction; as, the road curves to the right.

CURVEDNESS Curv"ed*ness (-d-ns), n.

Defn: The state of being curved.

CURVET Cur"vet (kr"vt or kr-vt"; 277), n. Etym: [OE. corvet, It.corvetta: cf. F. courbette. See Curve, and cf. Corvetto.]

1. (Man.)

Defn: A particular leap of a horse, when he raises both his fore legs at once, equally advanced, and, as his fore legs are falling, raises his hind legs, so that all his legs are in the air at once.

2. A prank; a frolic.

CURVET Cur"vet, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Curveted or -vetted; p.pr. & vb. n. Curveting or -vetting.] Etym: [Cf. It. corvettare. See Curvet, n.]

1. To make a curvet; to leap; to bound. 'Oft and high he did curvet." Drayton.

2. To leap and frisk; to frolic. Shak.

CURVET Cur"vet, v. t.

Defn: To cause to curvet. Landor.

CURVICAUDATE Cur`vi*cau"date (kr`v-k"dt), a. Etym: [L. curvus bent + E. caudate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a curved or crooked tail.

CURVICOSTATE Cur`vi*cos"tate (kr`v-ks"tt), a. Etym: [L. curvus + E. costate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having bent ribs.

CURVIDENTATE Cur`vi*den"tate (kr`v-dn"tt), a. Etym: [L. curvus + E. dentate.]

Defn: Having curved teeth.

CURVIFORM Cur"vi*form (kr"v-frm), a. Etym: [L. curvus + -form.]

Defn: Having a curved form.

CURVILINEAD Cur`vi*lin"e*ad (kr`v-ln"-d), n. (Geom.)

Defn: An instrument for drawing curved lines.

CURVILINEAL; CURVILINEAR Cur`vi*lin"e*al (-al), Cur`vi*lin"e*ar (-r), a. Etym: [L. curvus bent + E. lineal, linear.]

Defn: Consisting of, or bounded by, curved lines; as, a curvilinear figure.

CURVILINEARITY Cur`vi*lin`e*ar"i*ty (-r"-t), n.

Defn: The state of being curvilinear or of being bounded by curved lines.

CURVILINEARLY Cur`vi*lin"e*ar*ly (-r-l), adv.

Defn: In a curvilinear manner.

CURVINERVED Cur"vi*nerved` (-nrvd`), a. Etym: [L. curvus bent + E. nerve. ] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the ribs or the veins of the leaves curved; -- called also curvinervate and curve-veined.

CURVIROSTRAL Cur`vi*ros"tral (-rs"tral), a. Etym: [L. curvus + E. rostral.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a crooked beak, as the crossbill.

CURVIROSTRES Cur"vi*ros"tres (-rs"trz), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. curvus curved + rostrum beak, rostrum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of passerine birds, including the creepers and nuthatches.

CURVISERIAL Cur`vi*se"ri*al (-s"r-al), a. Etym: [L. curvus bent + E. serial.] (Bot.)

Defn: Distributed in a curved line, as leaves along a stem.

CURVITY Cur"vi*ty (kr"v-y), n. Etym: [L. curvitas, from curvus bent: cf. F. curvité.]

Defn: The state of being curved; a bending in a regular form; crookedness. Holder.

CURVOGRAPH Cur"vo*graph (kr"v-grf), n. Etym: [L. curvus bent + -graph.] (Geom.)

Defn: An arcograph.

CUSCUS Cus"cus, n. [The same word as Couscous, fr. F. couscous couscous, Ar. kuskus.] (Bot.)

Defn: A soft grass (Pennisetum typhoideum) found in all tropical regions, used as food for men and cattle in Central Africa.

CUSCUS OIL Cuscus oil.

Defn: Same as Vetiver oil.

CUSHAT Cush"at (ksh"t), n. Etym: [AS. cusceote.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ringdove or wood pigeon. Scarce with cushat's homely song can vie. Sir W. Scott.

CUSHEWBIRD Cush"ew*bird (ksh"-brd`), n. (Zoöl)

Defn: The galeated curassow. See Curassow.

CUSHION Cush"ion (ksh"n), n. Etym: [OE. cuischun, quisshen, OF. coissin, cuissin, F. coussin, fr. (assumed) LL. culcitinum, dim. of L. culcita cushion, mattress, pillow. See Quilt, and cf. Counterpoint a coverlet.]

1. A case or bag stuffed with some soft and elastic material, and used to sit or recline upon; a soft pillow or pad. Two cushions stuffed with straw, the seat to raise. Dryden.

2. Anything resembling a cushion in properties or use; as: (a) a pad on which gilders cut gold leaf; (b) a mass of steam in the end of the cylinder of a steam engine to receive the impact of the piston; (c) the elastic edge of a billiard table.

3. A riotous kind of dance, formerly common at weddings; -- called also cushion dance. Halliwell. Cushion capital.(Arch.) A capital so sculptured as to appear like a cushion pressed down by the weight of its entablature. (b) A name given to a form of capital, much used in the Romanesque style, modeled like a bowl, the upper part of which is cut away on four sides, leaving vertical faces. -- Cushion star (Zoöl.) a pentagonal starfish belonging to Goniaster, Astrogonium, and other allied genera; -- so called from its form.

CUSHION Cush"ion (ksh"n), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cushioned (-nd); p. pr. & vb. Cushioning.]

1. To seat or place on, or as on a cushion. Many who are cushioned on thrones would have remained in obscurity. Bolingbroke.

2. To furnish with cushions; as, to cushion a chaise.

3. To conceal or cover up, as under a cushion. Cushioned hammer, a dead-stroke hammer. See under Dead-stroke.

CUSHIONET Cush"ion*et (ksh"n-t), n. Etym: [OF. coissinet, F. coussinet. See Cushion, and cf. Coussinet.]

Defn: A little cushion.

CUSHIONLESS Cush"ion*less, a.

Defn: Hot furnished with a cushion. Rows of long, cushionless benches, supplying the place of pews. Hawthorne.

CUSHION TIRE Cushion tire.

Defn: A thick solid-rubber tire, as for a bicycle, with a hollow groove running lengthwise on the inside.

CUSHIONY Cush"ion*y (-), a.

Defn: Like a cushion; soft; pliable. A flat and cushiony noce. Dickens.

CUSHITE Cush"ite (ksh"t), n.

Defn: A descendant of Cush, the son of Ham and grandson of Noah.

CUSK Cusk (ksk), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, edible, marine fish (Brosmius brosme), allied to the cod, common on the northern coasts of Europe and America; -- called also tusk and torsk.

CUSKIN Cus"kin (ks"kn), n.

Defn: A kind of drinking cup. [Obs.]

CUSP Cusp (ksp), n. Etym: [L. cuspis, -idis, point, pointed end.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A triangular protection from the intrados of an arch, or from an inner curve of tracery.

2. (Astrol.)

Defn: The beginning or first entrance of any house in the calculations of nativities, etc.

3. (Astron)

Defn: The point or horn of the crescent moon or other crescent-shaped luminary.

4. (Math.)

Defn: A multiple point of a curve at which two or more branches of the curve have a common tangent.

5. (Anat.)

Defn: A prominence or point, especially on the crown of a tooth.

6. (Bot.)

Defn: A sharp and rigid point.

CUSP Cusp, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cusped (kspt); p.pr. & vb. n. Cusping.]

Defn: To furnish with a cusp or cusps.

CUSPATED Cus"pa*ted (ks"p-td), a.

Defn: Ending in a point.

CUSPID Cus"pid (ks"pd), n. Etym: [See Cusp.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the canine teeth; -- so called from having but one point or cusp on the crown. See Tooth.

CUSPIDAL Cus"pi*dal (-p-dal), a. Etym: [From L. cuspis, cuspidis. See Cusp.]

Defn: Ending in a point.

CUSPIDATE Cus"pi*date (-dt), v. t.

Defn: To make pointed or sharp.

CUSPIDATE; CUSPIDATED Cus"pi*date (ks"p-dt), Cus"pi*da`ted (-d`td), a. Etym: [L. cuspidatus, p.p. of cuspidare to make pointed, fr. cuspis. See Cusp.]

Defn: Having a sharp end, like the point of a spear; terminating in a hard point; as, a cuspidate leaf.

CUSPIDOR Cus"pi*dor (-dr), n. Etym: [Pg. cuspideria, fr. cuspir to spit.]

Defn: Any ornamental vessel used as a spittoon; hence, to avoid the common term, a spittoon of any sort.

CUSPIS Cus"pis (ks"ps), n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A point; a sharp end.

CUSSEDNESS Cuss"ed*ness, n. [Cussed (for cursed) + -ness.]

Defn: Disposition to willful wrongdoing; malignity; perversity; cantankerousness; obstinacy. [Slang or Colloq., U. S.]

In her opinion it was all pure "cussedness." Mrs. Humphry Ward.

Disputatiousness and perversity (what the Americans call "cussedness"). James Bryce.

CUSTARD Cus"tard (ks"trd), n. Etym: [Prob. the same word as OE. crustade, crustate, a pie made with a crust, fr. L. crustatus covered with a crust, p. p. of crustare, fr. crusta crust; cf. OF. croustade pasty, It. crostata, or F. coutarde. See Crust, and cf. Crustated.]

Defn: A mixture of milk and eggs, sweetened, and baked or boiled. Custard apple (Bot.), a low tree or shrub of tropical America, including several species of Anona (A. squamosa, reticulata, etc.), having a roundish or ovate fruit the size of a small orange, containing a soft, yellowish, edible pulp. -- Custard coffin, pastry, or crust, which covers or coffins a custard [Obs.] Shak.

CUSTODE Cus"tode (ks"td), n. Etym: [F. or It. custode, fr. L. custos, -odis.]

Defn: See Custodian.

CUSTODIAL Cus*to"di*al (ks-t"d-al), a. Etym: [Cf. F. custodial, fr. L. custodia. See Custody.]

Defn: Relating to custody or guardianship.

CUSTODIAN Cus*to"di*an (ks-t"d-an), n. Etym: [From Custody.]

Defn: One who has care or custody, as of some public building; a keeper or superintendent.

CUSTODIANSHIP Cus*to"di*an*ship, n.

Defn: Office or duty of a custodian.

CUSTODIER Cus*to"di*er (-r), n. Etym: [Cf. LL. custodiarus.]

Defn: A custodian. [Scot.] Sir W. Scott.

CUSTODY Cus"to*dy (ks"t-d), n. Etym: [L. custodia, fr. custos guard; prob. akin to Gr. hide. Seee Hide to cover.]

1. A keeping or guarding; care, watch, inspection, for keeping, preservation, or security. A fleet of thirty ships for the custody of the narrow seas. Bacon.

2. Judicial or penal safe-keeping. Jailer, take him to thy custody. Shak.

3. State of being guarded and watched to prevent escape; restraint of liberty; confinement; imprisonment. What pease will be given To us enslaved, but custody severe, And stripes and arbitrary punishment Milton.

CUSTOM Cus"tom (ks"tm), n. Etym: [OF. custume, costume, Anglo-Norman coustome, F. coutume, fr. (assumed) LL. consuetumen custom, habit, fr. L. consuetudo, -dinis, fr. consuescere to accustom, verb inchoative fr. consuere to be accustomed; con- + suere to be accustomed, prosuus one's own; akin to E. so, adv. Cf. Consuetude, Costume.]

1. Frequent repetition of the same act; way of acting common to many; ordinary manner; habitual practice; usage; method of doing or living. And teach customs which are not lawful. Acts xvi. 21. Moved beyong his custom, Gama said. Tennyson. A custom More honored in the breach than the observance. Shak.

2. Habitual buying of goods; practice of frequenting, as a shop, manufactory, etc., for making purchases or giving orders; business support. Let him have your custom, but not your votes. Addison.

3. (Law)

Defn: Long-established practice, considered as unwritten law, and resting for authority on long consent; usage. See Usage, and Prescription.

Note: Usage is a fact. Custom is a law. There can be no custom without usage, though there may be usage without custom. Wharton.

4. Familiar aquaintance; familiarity. [Obs.] Age can not wither her, nor custom stale Her infinite variety. Shak. Custom of merchants, a system or code of customs by which affairs of commerce are regulated. -- General customs, those which extend over a state or kingdom. -- Particular customs, those which are limited to a city or district; as, the customs of London.

Syn. -- Practice; fashion. See Habit, and Usage.

CUSTOM Cus"tom, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. costumer. Cf. Accustom.]

1. To make familiar; to accustom. [Obs.] Gray.

2. To supply with customers. [Obs.] Bacon.

CUSTOM Cus"tom, v. i.

Defn: To have a custom. [Obs.] On a bridge he custometh to fight. Spenser.

CUSTOM Cus"tom, n. Etym: [OF. coustume, F. coutume, tax, i. e., the usual tax. See 1st Custom.]

Defn: 1 the customary toll,tax, or tribute. Render, therefore, to all their dues: tribute to whom tribute is due; custom to whom custom. Rom. xiii. 7.

2. pl.

Defn: Duties or tolls imposed by law on commodities, imported or exported.

CUSTOM Cus"tom, v. t.

Defn: To pay the customs of. [Obs.] Marlowe.

CUSTOMABLE Cus"tom*a*ble (--b'l), a. Etym: [Cf. OF. coustumable.]

1. Customary. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

2. Subject to the payment of customs; dutiable.

CUSTOMABLENESS Cus"tom*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being customable; conformity to custom. [Obs.]

CUSTOMABLY Cus"tom*a*bly, adv.

Defn: Usually. [Obs.] Milton.

CUSTOMARILY Cus"tom*a*ri*ly (--r-l), adv.

Defn: In a customary manner; habitually.

CUSTOMARINESS Cus"tom*a*ri*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being customary.

CUSTOMARY Cus"tom*a*ry (ks"tm--r), a. Etym: [CF. OF. coustumier, F. coutumier. See Custom, and cf. Customer.]

1. Agreeing with, or established by, custom; established by common usage; conventional; habitual. Even now I met him With customary compliment. Shak. A formal customary attendance upon the offices. South.

2. (Law)

Defn: Holding or held by custom; as, customary tenants; customary service or estate.

CUSTOMARY Cus"tom*a*ry, n. Etym: [OF. coustumier, F. coutumier.]

Defn: A book containing laws and usages, or customs; as, the Customary of the Normans. Cowell.

CUSTOMER Cus"tom*er (ks"tm-r), n. Etym: [A doublet of customary, a.: cf. LL. custumarius toll gatherer. See Custom.]

1. One who collect customs; a toll gatherer. [Obs.] The customers of the small or petty custom and of the subsidy do demand of them custom for kersey cloths. Hakluyt.

2. One who regularly or repeatedly makes purchases of a trader; a purchaser; a buyer. He has got at last the character of a good customer; by this means he gets credit for something considerable, and then never pays for it. Goldsmith.

3. A person with whom a business house has dealings; as, the customers of a bank. J. A. H. Murray.

4. A peculiar person; -- in an indefinite sense; as, a queer customer; an ugly customer. [Colloq.] Dickens.

5. A lewd woman. [Obs.] Shak.

CUSTOMHOUSE Cus"tom*house" (-hous`), n.

Defn: The building where customs and duties are paid, and where vessels are entered or cleared. Customhouse broker, an agent who acts for merchants in the business of entering and clearing goods and vessels.

CUSTOS Cus"tos (ks"ts), n.; pl. Custodes (k. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A keeper; a custodian; a superintendent. [Obs.] Custos rotulorum (r Etym: [LL., keeper of the rolls] (Eng. Law), the principal justice of the peace in a county, who is also keeper of the rolls and records of the sessions of the peace.

CUSTREL Cus"trel (ks"trel), n Etym: [OF. coustillier. See Coistril.]

Defn: An armor-bearer to a knight. [Obs.]

CUSTREL Cus"trel, n.

Defn: See Costrel. [Obs.] Ainsworth.

CUSTUMARY Cus"tu*ma*ry (-t-m-r), a.

Defn: See Customary. [Obs.]

CUT Cut (kt), v. t. [imp. & p.p. Cut; p.pr. & vb. n. Cutting.] Etym: [OE. cutten, kitten, ketten; prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. cwtau to shorten, curtail, dock, cwta bobtailed, cwt tail, skirt, Gael. cutaich to shorten, curtail, dock, cutach short, docked, cut a bobtail, piece, Ir. cut a short tail, cutach bobtailed. Cf. Coot.]

1. To sparate the parts of with, or as with, a sharp instrument; to make an incision in; to gash; to sever; to divide. You must cut this flesh from off his breast. Shak. Before the whistling winds the vessels fly, With rapid swiftness cut the liquid way. Pope.

2. To sever and cause to fall for the purpose of gathering; to hew; to mow or reap. Thy servants can skill to cut timer. 2. Chron. ii. 8

3. To sever and remove by cutting; to cut off; to dock; as, to cut the hair; to cut the nails.

4. To castrate or geld; as, to cut a horse.

5. To form or shape by cutting; to make by incision, hewing, etc.; to carve; to hew out. Why should a man. whose blood is warm within, Sit like his grandsire cut in alabaster Shak. Loopholes cut through thickest shade. Milton.

6. To wound or hurt deeply the snsibilities of; to pierce; to lacerate; as, sarcasm cuts to the quick. The man was cut to the heart. Addison.

7. To intersect; to cross; as, one line cuts another at right angles.

8. To refuse to recognize; to ignorre; as, to cut a person in the street; to cut one's acquaintance. [Colloq.]

9. To absent one's self from; as, to cut an appointment, a recitation. etc. [Colloq.] An English tradesman is always solicitous to cut the shop whenever he can do so with impunity. Thomas Hamilton. To cut a caper. See under Caper. -- To cut the cards, to divide a pack of cards into portions, in order to determine the deal or the trump, or to change the cards to be dealt. -- To cut a dash or a figure, to make a display. [Colloq.] -- To cut down. (a) To sever and cause to fall; to fell; to prostrate. "Timber . . . cut down in the mountains of Cilicia." Knolles. (b) To put down; to abash; to humble, [Obs] "So great is his natural eloquence, that he cuts doun the finest orator." Addison (c) To lessen; to retrench; to curtail; as, to cut down expenses. (d) (Naut.) To raze; as, to cut down a frigate into a sloop. -- To cut the knot or the Gordian knot, to dispose of a difficulty summarily; to solve it by prompt, arbitrary action, rather than by skill or patience. -- To cut lots, to determine lots by cuttings cards; to draw lots. -- To cut off. (a) To sever; to separate. I would to God, . . . The king had cut off my brother's. Shak. (b) To put an untimely death; to put an end to; to destroy. "Irencut off by martyrdom." Addison. (c) To interrupt; as, to cut off communication; to cut off (the flow of) steam from (the boiler to) a steam engine. (d) To intercept; as,, to cut off an enemy's retreat. (e) To end; to finish; as, to cut off further debate. -- To cut out. (a) To remove by cutting or carving; as, to cut out a piece from a board. (b) To shape or form by cutting; as, to cut out a garment. " A large forest cut out into walks." Addison. (c) To scheme; to contrive; to prepare; as, to cut out work for another day. "Every man had cut out a place for himself." Addison. (d) To step in and take the place of; to supplant; as, to cut out a rival. [Colloq.] (e) To debar. "I am cut out from anything but common acknowledgments." Pope. (f) To seize and carry off (a vessel) from a harbor, or from under the guns of an enemy. -- To cut to pieces. (a) To cut into pieces; as, to cut cloth to pieces. (b) To slaughter; as, to cut an army to pieces. -- To cut a play (Drama), to shorten it by leaving out passages, to adapt it for the stage. -- To cut rates (Railroads, etc.), to reduce the charges for transportation below the rates established between competing lines. -- To cut short, to arrest or check abruptly; to bring to a sudden termination. "Achilles cut him short, and thus replied." Dryden. -- To cut stick, to make off clandestinely or precipitately. [Slang] -- To cut teeth, to put forth teeth; to have the teeth pierce through the gum and appear. -- To have cut one's eyeteeth, to be sharp and knowing. [Colloq.] -- To cut one's wisdom teeth, to come to years of discretion. -- To cut under, to undersell; as, to cut under a competitor in trade. -- To cut up. (a) To cut to pieces; as, to cut up an animal, or bushes. (b) To damage or destroy; to injure; to wound; as, to cut up a book or its author by severe criticism. "This doctrine cuts up all government by the roots." Locke. (c) To afflict; to discourage; to demoralize; as, the death of his friend cut him up terribly. [Colloq.] Thackeray.

CUT Cut (kt), v. i.

1. To do the work of an edged tool; to serve in dividing or gashing; as, a knife cuts well.

2. To admit of incision or severance; to yield to a cutting instrument. Panels of white wood that cuts like cheese. Holmes.

3. To perform the operation of dividing, severing, incising, intersecting, etc.; to use a cutting instrument. He saved the lives of thousands by manner of cutting for the stone. Pope.

4. To make a stroke with a whip.

5. To interfere, as a horse.

6. To move or make off quickly. [Colloq.]

7. To divide a pack of cards into two portion to decide the deal or trump, or to schange the order of the cards to be dealt. To cut across, to pass over or through in the most direct way; as, to cut across a field. -- To cut and run, to make off suddenly and quickly; -- from the cutting of a ship's cable, when there is not time to raise the anchor. [Colloq.] -- To cut in or into, to interrupt; to jont an anything suddenly. -- To cut up. (a) To play pranks. [Colloq.] (b) To divide into portions well or ill; to have the property left at one's death turn out well or poorly when divided among heirs, legatees, etc. [Slang.] "When I die, may I cut up as well as Morgan Pendennis." Thackeray.

CUT Cut, n.

1. An opening made with an edged instrument; a cleft; a gash; a slash; a wound made by cutting; as, a sword cut.

2. A stroke or blow or cutting motion with an edged instrument; a stroke or blow with a whip.

3. That which wounds the feelings, as a harsh remark or criticism, or a sarcasm; personal discourtesy, as neglecting to recognize an acquaintance when meeting him; a slight. Rip called him by name, but the cur snarled, snapped his teeth, and passed on. This was an unkind cut indeed. W. Irving.

4. A notch, passage, or channel made by cutting or digging; a furrow; a groove; as, a cut for a railroad. This great cut or ditch Secostris . . . purposed to have made a great deal wider and deeper. Knolles.

5. The surface left by a cut; as, a smooth or clear cut.

6. A portion severed or cut off; a division; as, a cut of beef; a cut of timber. It should be understood, moreover, . . . that the group are not arbitrary cuts, but natural groups or types. Dana.

7. An engraved block or plate; the impression from such an engraving; as, a book illustrated with fine cuts.

8. (a) The act of dividing a pack cards. (b) The right to divide; as, whose cut is it

9. Manner in which a thing is cut or formed; shape; style; fashion; as, the cut of a garment. With eyes severe and beard of formal cut. Shak.

10. A common work horse; a gelding. [Obs.] He'll buy me a cut, forth for to ride. Beau. & Fl.

11. The failure of a college officer or student to be present at any appointed exercise. [College Cant]

12. A skein of yarn. Wright. A cut in rates (Railroad), a reduction in fare, freight charges, etc., below the established rates. -- A short cut, a cross route which shortens the way and cuts off a circuitous passage. -- The cut of one's jib, the general appearance of a person. [Colloq.] -- To draw cuts, to draw lots, as of paper, etc., cut unequal lengths. Now draweth cut . . . The which that hath the shortest shall begin. Chaucer.

CUT Cut (kt), a.

1. Gashed or divided, as by a cutting instrument.

2. Formed or shaped as by cuttting; carved.

3. Overcome by liquor; tipsy. [Slang] Cut and dried, prepered beforehand; not spontaneous. -- Cut glass, glass having a surface ground and polished in facets or figures. -- Cut nail, a nail cut by machinery from a rolled plate of iron, in distinction from a wrought nail. -- Cut stone, stone hewn or chiseled to shape after having been split from the quarry.

CUTANEOUS Cu*ta"ne*ous (k-t"n-s), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cutan, fr. L. cutis skin. See Cuticle.]

Defn: Of pertaining to the skin; existing on, or affecting, the skin; as, a cutaneous disease; cutaneous absorption; cutaneous respiration.

CUTAWAY Cut"a*way` (kt"-w`), a.

Defn: Having a part cut off or away; having the corners rounded or cut away. Cutaway coat, a coat whose skirts are cut away in front so as not to meet at the bottom.

CUTCH Cutch (kch; 224), n.

Defn: See Catechu.

CUTCH Cutch, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Cultch.

CUTCHERY Cutch"er*y (kch"r-), n. Etym: [Hind. kachahri.]

Defn: A hindoo hall of justice. Malcom.

CUTE Cute (kt), a. Etym: [An abbrev. of acute.]

Defn: Clever; sharp; shrewd; ingenious; cunning. [Colloq.]

CUTENESS Cute"ness, n.

Defn: Acuteness; cunning. [Colloq.]

CUTGRASS Cut"grass` (kt"grs`).

Defn: A grass with leaves having edges furnished with very minute hooked prickles, which form a cutting edge; one or more species of Leersia.

CUTICLE Cu"ti*cle (k"t-k'l), n. Etym: [L. cuticula, dim. of cuttis skin; akin to E. hide skin of an animal.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The scarfskin or epidermis. See Skin.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The outermost skin or pellicle of a plant, found especially in leaves and young stems.

3. A thin skin formed on the surface of a liquid.

CUTICULAR Cu*tic"u*lar (k-tk"-lr), a.

Defn: Pertaining to the cuticle, or external coat of the skin; epidermal.

CUTIN Cu"tin (k"tn), n. Etym: [L. cutis skin, outside.] (Bot.)

Defn: The substance which, added to the material of a cell wall, makes it waterproof, as in cork.

CUTINIZATION Cu`tin*i*za"tion (k`tn--z"shn), n. (Bot.)

Defn: The conversion of cell walls into a material which repels water, as in cork.

CUTINIZE Cu"tin*ize (k"tn-z), v. t. & i.

Defn: To change into cutin.

CUTIS Cu"tis (k"ts), n. Etym: [L. See Cuticle.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Dermis.

CUTLASS Cut"lass (kt"lass), n.; pl. Cutlasses (-Ez). Etym: [F. coutelas (cf. It. coltellaccio), augm. fr. L. cuttellus a smallknife, dim. of culter knife. See Colter, and cf. Curtal ax.]

Defn: A short, heavy, curving sword, used in the navy. See Curtal ax. Cutlass fish, (Zoöl.), a peculiar, long, thin, marine fish (Trichirus lepturus) of the southern United States and West Indies; -- called also saber fish, silver eel, and, improperly, swordfish.

CUTLER Cut"ler (kUt"lEr), n. Etym: [OE. coteler, F. coutelier, LL. cultellarius, fr. L. cultellus. See Cutlass.]

Defn: One who makes or deals in cutlery, or knives and other cutting instruments.

CUTLERY Cut"ler*y (kt"lr-), n.

1. The business of a cutler.

2. Edged or cutting instruments, collectively.

CUTLET Cut"let (kt"lt), n. Etym: [F. c, prop., little rib, dim. of c rib, fr. L. costa. See Coast.]

Defn: A piece of meat, especially of veal or mutton, cut for broiling.

CUTLING Cut"ling (kt"lng), n., Etym: [Cf. Cuttle a knife.]

Defn: The art of making edged tools or cutlery. [Obs.] Milton.

CUT-OFF Cut"-off` (kt"f`; 115), n.

1. That which cuts off or shortens, as a nearer passage or road.

2. (Mach.) (a) The valve gearing or mechanism by which steam is cut off from entering the cylinder of a steam engine after a definite point in a stroke, so as to allow the remainder of the stroke to be made by the expansive force of the steam already let in. See Expansion gear, under Expansion. (b) Any device for stopping or changing a current, as of grain or water in a spout.

CUTOSE Cu"tose (k"ts), n. Etym: [L. cutis skin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A variety of cellulose, occuring as a fine transparent membrane covering the aerial organs of plants, and forming an essential ingredient of cork; by oxidation it passes to suberic acid.

CUT-OUT Cut"-out` (kt"out`), n. (a) (Telegraphy) A species of switch for changing the current from one circuit to another, or for shortening a circuit. (b) (Elec.) A divice for breaking or separating a portion of circuit.

CUTPURSE Cut"purse` (kt"prs`), n.

Defn: One who cuts purses for the sake of stealing them or their contents (an act common when men wore purses fastened by a string to their girdles); one who steals from the person; a pickpocket To have an open ear, a quick eye, and a nimble hand, is necessary for a cutpurse. Shak.

CUTTER Cut"ter (kt"tr), n.

1. One who cuts; as, a stone cutter; a die cutter; esp., one who cuts out garments.

2. That which cuts; a machine or part of a machine, or a tool or instrument used for cutting, as that part of a mower which severs the stalk, or as a paper cutter.

3. A fore tooth; an incisor. Ray.

4. (Naut.) (a) A boat used by ships of war. (b) A fast sailing vessel with one mast, rigged in most essentials like a sloop. A cutter is narrower end deeper than a sloop of the same length, and depends for stability on a deep keel, often heavily weighted with lead. (c) A small armed vessel, usually a steamer, in the revenue marine service; -- also called revenue cutter.

5. A small, light one-horse sleigh.

6. An officer in the exchequer who notes by cutting on the tallies the sums paid.

7. A ruffian; a bravo; a destroyer. [Obs.]

8. A kind of soft yellow brick, used for facework; -- so called from the facility with which it can be cut. Cutter bar.(Mach.) (a) A bar which carries a cutter or cutting tool, as in a boring machine. (b) The bar to which the triangular knives of a harvester are attached. -- Cutter head (Mach.), a rotating head, which itself forms a cutter, or a rotating stock to which cutters may be attached, as in a planing or matching machine. Knight.

CUTTHROAT Cut"throat` (kt"thrt`), n.

Defn: One who cuts throats; a murderer; an assassin.

CUTTHROAT Cut"throat`, a.

Defn: Murderous; cruel; barbarous.

CUTTING Cut"ting (kt"tng), n.

1. The act or process of making an incision, or of severing, felling, shaping, etc.

2. Something cut, cut off, or cut out, as a twig or

CUTTING Cut"ting, a.

1. Adapted to cut; as, a cutting tool.

2. Chilling; penetratinn; sharp; as, a cutting wind.

3. Severe; sarcastic; biting; as, a cutting reply.

CUTTINGLY Cut"ting*ly, adv.

Defn: In a cutting manner.

CUTTLE Cut"tle (kt"t'l), n. Etym: [OF. cultel, coltel, coutel, fr. L. cultellus. See Cutlass.]

Defn: A knife. [Obs.] Bale.

CUTTLE; CUTTLEFISH Cut"tle (kt"t'l), Cut"tle*fish` (-fsh`), n. Etym: [OE. codule, AS. cudele; akin to G. kuttelfish; cf. G. k, D. keutel, dirt from the guts, G. kuttel bowels, entrails. AS. cwip womb, Gith. qipus belly, womb.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cephalopod of the genus Sepia, having an internal shell, large eyes, and ten arms furnished with denticulated suckers, by means of which it secures its prey. The name is sometimes applied to dibranchiate cephalopods generally.

Note: It has an ink bag, opening into the siphon, from which, when pursued, it throws out a dark liquid that clouds the water, enabling it to escape observation.

2. A foul-mouthed fellow. "An you play the saucy cuttle me." Shak.

CUTTLE BONE Cut"tle bone` (bn`).

Defn: The shell or bone of cuttlefishes, used for various purposes, as for making polishing powder, etc.

CUTTOO PLATE Cut*too" plate` (kt-t" plt`).

Defn: A hood over the end of a wagon wheel hub to keep dirt away from the axle.

CUTTY Cut"ty, a. Etym: [Cf. Ir. & Gael. cut a short tail, cutach bobtailed. See Cut.]

Defn: Short; as, a cutty knife; a cutty sark. [Scot.]

CUTTY Cut"ty (kt"t), n. Etym: [Scotch.]

1. A short spoon.

2. A short tobacco pipe. Ramsay.

3. A light or unchaste woman. Sir W. Scott.

CUTTYSTOOL Cut"ty*stool` (-stl`), n.

1. A low stool [Scot.]

2. A seat in old Scottish churches, where offenders were made to sit, for public rebuke by the minister.

CUTWAL Cut"wal (kt"wl), n. Etym: [Per. kotw.]

Defn: The chief police officer of a large city. [East Indies]

CUTWATER Cut"wa`ter (kt"wa`tr), n. (Naut.)

1. The fore part of a ship's prow, which cuts the water.

2. A starling or other structure attached to the pier of a birdge, with an angle or edge directed up stream, in order better to resist the action of water, ice, etc.; the sharpened upper end of the pier itself.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A sea bird of the Atlantic (Rhynchops nigra); -- called also black skimmer, scissorsbill, and razorbill. See Skimmer.

CUTWORK Cut"work` (kt"wrk`), n. (Fine Arts)

Defn: An ancient term for embroidery, esp. applied to the earliest form of lace, or to that early embroidery on linen and the like, from which the manufacture of lace was developed.

CUTWORM Cut"worm` (-wrm`), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A caterpillar which at night eats off young plants of cabbage, corn, etc., usually at the ground. Some kinds ascend fruit trees and eat off the flower buds. During the day, they conceal themselves in the earth. The common cutworms are the larvæ of various species of Agrotis and related genera of noctuid moths.

CUVETTE Cu*vette" (k-wt"), n. Etym: [F., dim. of cuve a tub.]

1. A pot, bucket, or basin, in which molten plate glass is carried from the melting pot to the casting table.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: A cunette. 3. (Spectrometry) (Analytical chemistry)

Defn: A small vessel with at least two flat and transparent sides, used to hold a liquid sample to be analysed in the light path of a spectrometer.

Note: The shape and materials vary; for ultraviolet spectrometry, quartz is typically used. For visible-light spectrometry, plastic cuvettes may be employed. Occasionally, small vessels used for other laboratory purposes are called cuvettes. cuvette holder, (Spectrometry) A small device used to hold one or more cuvettes[3], shaped specifically to fit in the sample chamber of a particular type of spectrometer, with openings to permit light to pass through the holder and the cuvettes, and designed so as to hold the cuvette accurately and reproducibly within the light path of the spectrometer. For cuvettes with a square horizontal cross-section, the compartments will have a corresponding square cross-section, usu. slightly larger than the cuvette.

CYAMELIDE Cy*am"e*lide (s-m"-ld or -ld; 104), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous substance, regarded as a polymeric modification of isocyanic acid.

CYAMELLONE Cy*am"el*lone (s-m"l-ln), n. (Chem)

Defn: A complex derivative of cyanogen, regarded as an acid, and known chiefly in its salts; -- called also hydromellonic acid.

CYANATE Cy"a*nate (s"-nt), n. Etym: [Cf. F. cuanate. See Cyanic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of cyanic acid. Ammonium cyanate (Chem.), a remarkable white crystalline substance, NH4.O.CN, which passes, on standing, to the organic compound, urea, CO.(NH)2.

CYANAURATE Cy`an*au"rate (s`n-"rt), n.

Defn: See Aurocyanide.

CYANEAN Cy*a"ne*an (s-"n-an), a. Etym: [Gr. kya`neos dark blue.]

Defn: Having an azure color. Pennant.

CYANIC Cy*an"ic (s-n"k), a. Etym: [Gr. cyanique. Cf. Kyanite.]

1. Pertaining to, or containing, cyanogen.

2. Of or pertaining to a blue color. Cyanic acid (Chem.), an acid, HOCN, derived from cyanogen, well known in its salts, but never isolated in the free state. -- Cyanic colors (Bot.), those colors (of flowers) having some tinge of blue; -- opposed to xanthic colors. A color of either series may pass into red or white, but not into the opposing color. Red and pure white are more common among flowers of cyanic tendency than in those of the other class.

CYANIDE Cy"a*nide (s"-nd or -nd; 104), n. Etym: [Cf. F. cyanide. See Cyanic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound formed by the union of cyanogen with an element or radical.

CYANIN Cy"a*nin (s"-nn), n. Etym: [See Cyanic.] (Chem.)

Defn: The blue coloring matter of flowers; -- called also anthokyan and anthocyanin.

CYANINE Cy"a*nine (s"-nn or -nn; 104), n. (Chem.)

Defn: One of a series of artificial blue or red dyes obtained from quinoline and lepidine and used in calico printing.

CYANITE Cy"a*nite (-nt), n. Etym: [See Cyanic.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral occuring in thin-bladed crystals and crystalline aggregates, of a sky-blue color. It is a silicate of aluminium. [Written also kyanite.]

CYANOGEN Cy*an"o*gen (s-n"-jn), n. Etym: [Gr. -gen: cf. F. cyanogène. So called because it produced blue dyes.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, inflammable, poisonous gas, C2N2, with a peach- blossom odor, so called from its tendency to form blue compounds; obtained by heating ammonium oxalate, mercuric cyanide, etc. It is obtained in combination, forming an alkaline cyanide when nitrogen or a nitrogenous compound is strongly ignited with carbon and soda or potash. It conducts itself like a member of the halogen group of elements, and shows a tendency to form complex compounds. The name is also applied to the univalent radical, CN (the half molecule of cyanogen proper), which was one of the first compound radicals recognized.

Note: Cyanogen is found in the commercial substances, potassium cyanide, or prussiate of potash, yellow prussiate of potash, Prussian blue, Turnbull's blue, prussic acid, etc.

CYANOMETER Cy`a*nom"e*ter (s`-nm"-tr), n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. cyanomètre.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring degress of blueness.

CYANOPATHY Cy`a*nop"a*thy (-np"-th), n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A disease in which the body is colored blue in its surface, arising usually from a malformation of the heart, which causes an imperfect arterialization of the blood; blue jaundice.

CYANOPHYLL Cy*an"o*phyll (s-n"-fl), n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A blue coloring matter supposed by some to be one of the component parts ofchlorophyll.

CYANOSED Cy"a*nosed (s"-nst), a. Etym: [See Cyanic.]

Defn: Rendered blue, as the surface of the body, from cyanosis or deficient a

CYANOSIS Cy`a*no"sis (s`-n"ss), n. Etym: [NL. See Cyanic.] (Med.)

Defn: A condition in which, from insufficient aCyanopathy.

CYANOSITE Cy*an"o*site (s-n"-st), n. Etym: [See Cyanic.] (Min.)

Defn: Native sulphate of copper. Cf. Blue vitriol, under Blue.

CYANOTIC Cy`a*not"ic (s`-nt"k), a. (Med.)

Defn: Relating to cyanosis; affected with cyanosis; as, a cyanotic patient; having the hue caused by cyanosis; as, a cyanitic skin.

CYANOTYPE Cy*an"o*type (s-n"-tp), n. Etym: [Cyanide + -type.]

Defn: A photographic picture obtained by the use of a cyanide.

CYANURATE Cy"an"u*rate (s-n"-rt), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of cyanuric acid.

CYANURET Cy*an"u*ret (-rt), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A cyanide. [Obs.]

CYANURIC Cy`a*nu"ric (s`-n"rk), a. Etym: [Cyanic + uric: Cf. F. cyanurique.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, cyanic and uric acids.

CYANURIC ACID Cyanuric acid (Chem.),

Defn: an organic acid, C3O3N3H3, first obtained by heating uric acid or urea, and called pyrouric acid; afterwards obtained from isocyanic acid. It is a white crystalline substance, odorless and almost tasteless; -- called also tricarbimide.

CYATHIFORM Cy*ath"i*form (s-th"-frm), a. Etym: [L. cyathus a cup (Gr, ky`aqos) - form:cf. F. cyathiforme.]

Defn: In the form of a cup, a little widened at the top.

CYATHOLITH Cy*ath"olith (s-th"-lth), n. Etym: [Gr. ky`aqos a cup + -lith.] (Biol.)

Defn: A kind of coccolith, which in shape resembles a minute cup widened at the top, and varies in size from

CYATHOPHYLLOID Cy`a*tho*phyl"loid (s`-th-fl"loid), a. Etym: [NL. cyathophyllum, fr. Gr. ky`aqos a cup + fy`llon a leaf.] (Pale

Defn: Like, or pertaining to, the family Cyathophyllidæ.

CYATHOPHYLLOID Cy`a*tho*phyl"loid, n. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil coral of the family Cyathophyllidæ; sometimes extended to fossil corals of other related families belonging to the group Rugosa; -- also called cup corals. Thay are found in paleozoic rocks.

CYCAD Cy"cad (s"kd), n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any plant of the natural order Cycadeceæ, as the sago palm, etc.

CYCADACEOUS Cyc`a*da"ceous (sk`-d"shs or s`k-), a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, an order of plants like the palms, but having exogenous wood. The sago palm is an example.

CYCAS Cy"cas (s"ks), n. Etym: [Of uncertain origin. Linnæus derives it from one of the "obscure Greek words."] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of trees, intermediate in character between the palms and the pines. The pith of the trunk of some species furnishes a valuable kind of sago.

CYCLAMEN Cyc"la*men (sk"l-mn), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. kykla`minos, kyklami`s.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants of the Primrose family, having depressed rounded corms, and pretty nodding flowers with the petals so reflexed as to point upwards, whence it is called rabbit's ears. It is also called sow bread, because hogs are said to eat the corms.

CYCLAMIN Cyc"la*min (-mn), n.

Defn: A white amorphous substance, regarded as a glucoside, extracted from the corm of Cyclamen Europæum.

CYCLAS Cy"clas (s"kls), n. Etym: [Cf.Ciclatoun.]

Defn: A long gown or surcoat (cut off in front), worn in the Middle Ages. It was sometimes embroidered or interwoven with gold. Also, a rich stuff from which the gown was made.

CYCLE Cy"cle (s"k'l), n. Etym: [F. ycle, LL. cyclus, fr. Gr. cakra wheel, circle. See Wheel.]

1. An imaginary circle or orbit in the heavens; one of the celestial spheres. Milton.

2. An interval of time in which a certain succession of events or phenomena is completed, and then returns again and again, uniformly and continually in the same order; a periodical space of time marked by the recurrence of something peculiar; as, the cucle of the seasons, or of the year. Wages . . . bear a full proportion . . . to the medium of provision during the last bad cycle of twenty years. Burke.

3. An age; a long period of time. Better fifty years of Europe than a cycle of Cathay. Tennyson.

4. An orderly list for a given time; a calendar. [Obs.] We . . . present our gardeners with a complete cycle of what is requisite to be done throughout every month of the year. Evelyn.

5. The circle of subjects connected with the exploits of the hero or heroes of some particular period which have severed as a popular theme for poetry, as the legend aof Arthur and the knights of the Round Table, and that of Charlemagne and his paladins.

6. (Bot.)

Defn: One entire round in a circle or a spire; as, a cycle or set of leaves. Gray.

7. A bicycle or tricycle, or other light velocipede. Calippic cycle, a period of 76 years, or four Metonic cycles; -- so called from Calippus, who proposed it as an improvement on the Metonic cycle. -- Cycle of eclipses, a priod of about 6,586 days, the time of revolution of the moon's node; -- called Saros by the Chaldeans. -- Cycle of indiction, a period of 15 years, employed in Roman and ecclesiastical chronology, not founded on any astronomical period, but having reference to certain judicial acts which took place at stated epochs under the Greek emperors. -- Cycle of the moon, or Metonic cycle, a period of 19 years, after the lapse of which the new and full moon returns to the same day of the year; -- so called from Meton, who first proposed it. -- Cycle of the sun, Solar cycle, a period of 28 years, at the end of which time the days of the month return to the same days of the week. The dominical or Sunday letter follows the same order; hence the solar cycle is also called the cycle of the Sunday letter. In the Gregorian calendar the solar cycle is in general interrupted at the end of the century.

CYCLE Cy"cle (s"k'l), v. i. [imp. & p.p. Cycled. (-k'ld); p.pr. & vb. n. Cycling (-kl.]

1. To pass through a cycle of changes; to recur in cycles. Tennyson. Darwin.

2. To ride a bicycle, tricycle, or other form of cycle.

CYCLIC; CYCLICAL Cyc"lic (sk"lk or s"klk), Cyc"lic*al (sk"l-kal), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cycluque, Gr.Cycle.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cycle or circle; moving in cycles; as, cyclical time. Coleridge. Cyclic chorus, the chorus which performed the songs and dances of the dithyrambic odes at Athens, dancing round the altar of Bacchus in a circle. -- Cyclic poets, certain epic poets who followed Homer, and wrote merely on the Trojan war and its heroes; -- so called because keeping within the circle of a singe subject. Also, any series or coterie of poets writing on one subject. Milman.

CYCLIDE Cy"clide (s"kld), n. Etym: [Gr. (Geom.)

Defn: A surface of the fourth degree, having certain special relations to spherical surfaces. The tore or anchor ring is one of the cyclides.

CYCLING Cy"cling (s"klng), n.

Defn: The act, art, or practice, of riding a cycle, esp. a bicycle or tricycle.

CYCLIST Cy"clist (s"klst), n.

Defn: A cycler.

CYCLO- Cy"clo- (s"kl-). Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form meaning circular, of a circle or wheel.

CYCLOBRANCHIATE Cy`clo*bran"chi*ate (s`kl-brn"k-t), a. Etym: [Cyclo- + branchiate.] (Zoöl)

Defn: Having the gills around the margin of the body, as certain limpets.

CYCLOGANOID Cy`clo*ga"noid (s`kl-g"noid or -gn"oid), a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Cycloganoidei.

CYCLOGANOID Cy`clo*ga"noid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Cycloganoidei.

CYCLOGANOIDEI Cy`clo*ga*noi"de*i (s"kl-g-noi"d-), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ganoidei. See Ganoid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of ganoid fishes, having cycloid scales. The bowfin (Amia calva) is a living example.

CYCLOGRAPH Cy"clo*graph (s"kl-grf), n. Etym: [Cyclo- + -graph.]

Defn: See Arcograph.

CYCLOID Cy"cloid (s"kloid), n. Etym: [Cyclo- + -oid: cf. F. cycloïde.] (Geom.)

Defn: A curve generated by a point in the plane of a circle when the circle is rolled along a straight line, keeping always in the same plane.

Note: The common cycloid is the curve described when the generating point (p) is on the circumference of the generating circle; the curtate cycloid, when that point lies without the circumference; the prolate or inflected cycloid, when the generating point (p) lies within that circumference.

CYCLOID Cy"cloid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Cycloidei. Cycloid scale (Zoöl.), a fish scale which is thin and shows concentric lines of growth, without serrations on the margin.

CYCLOID Cy"cloid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Cycloidei.

CYCLOIDAL Cy*cloid"al (-al), a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a cycloid; as, the cycloidal space is the space contained between a cycloid and its base. Cycloidal engine. See Geometric lathe.

CYCLOIDEI Cy*cloi"de*i (s-kloi"d-), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes, formerly proposed by Agassiz, for those with thin, smooth scales, destitute of marginal spines, as the herring and salmon. The group is now regarded as artificial.

CYCLOIDIAN Cy*cloid"i*an (s-kloid"-an), a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as 2d and 3d Cycloid.

CYCLOMETER Cy*clom"e*ter (s-klm"-tr), n. Etym: [Cyclo- + -meter.]

Defn: A contrivance for recording the revolutions of a wheel, as of a bicycle.

CYCLOMETRY Cy*clom"e*try (-tr), n. Etym: [Cyclo- + -metry: cf. F. cyclom.] (Geom.)

Defn: The art of measuring circles.

CYCLONE Cy"clone (s"kln), n. Etym: [Gr. (Meteor.)

Defn: A violent storm, often of vast extent, characterized by high winds rotating about a calm center of low atmospheric pressure. This center moves onward, often with a velocity of twenty or thirty miles an hour.

Note: The atmospheric disturbance usually accompanying a cyclone, marked by an onward moving area of high pressure, is called an anticyclone.

CYCLONE CELLAR; CYCLONE PIT Cyclone cellar or pit .

Defn: A cellar or excavation used for refuge from a cyclone, or tornado. [Middle U. S.]

CYCLONIC Cy*clon"ic (s-kln"k), a.

Defn: Pertaining to a cyclone.

CYCLONOSCOPE Cy*clo"no*scope, n. [Cyclone + -scope.]

Defn: An apparatus to assist in locating the center of a cyclone.

CYCLOP Cy"clop (s"klp), n.

Defn: See Note under Cyclops, 1.

CYCLOPEAN Cy`clo*pe"an (s`kl-p"an), a. Etym: [L. Cyclopeus, Gr. cyclopeen.]

Defn: Pertaining to the Cyclops; characteristic of the Cyclops; huge; gigantic; vast and rough; massive; as, Cyclopean labors; Cyclopean architecture.

CYCLOPEDIA; CYCLOPAEDIA Cy`clo*pe"di*a Cy`clo*pae"di*a (s`kl-p"d-), n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. ky`klos circle + paidei`a the bringing up of a child, education, erudition, fr. paidey`ein to bring up a child. See Cycle, and cf. Encyclopedia, Pedagogue.]

Defn: The circle or compass of the arts and sciences (originally, of the seven so-called liberal arts and sciences); circle of human knowledge. Hence, a work containing, in alphabetical order, information in all departments of knowledge, or on a particular department or branch; as, a cyclopedia of the physical sciences, or of mechanics. See Encyclopedia.

CYCLOPEDIC Cy`clo*ped"ic (s`kl-pd"k or -p"dk), a.

Defn: Belonging to the circle of the sciences, or to a cyclopedia; of the nature of a cyclopedia; hence, of great range, extent, or amount; as, a man of cyclopedic knowledge.

CYCLOPEDIST Cy`clo*pe"dist (-p"dst), n.

Defn: A maker of, or writer for, a cyclopedia.

CYCLOPIC Cy*clop"ic (s-klp"k), a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to the Cyclops; Cyclopean.

CYCLOPS Cy"clops (s"klps), n. sing. & pl. Etym: [L. Cyclops, Gr.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: One of a race of giants, sons of Neptune and Amphitrite, having but one eye, and that in the middle of the forehead. They were fabled to inhabit Sicily, and to assist in the workshops of Vulcan, under Mt. Etna.

Note: Pope, in his translation of the "Odyssey," uniformly spells this word Cyclop, when used in the singular.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of minute Entomostraca, found both in fresh and salt water. See Copepoda.

3. A portable forge, used by tinkers, etc.

CYCLORAMA Cy`clo*ra"ma (s`kl-r"m or -r"m), n. Etym: [Cyclo- + Gr.

Defn: A pictorial view which is extended circularly, so that the spectator is surrounded by the objects represented as by things in nature. The realistic effect is increased by putting, in the space between the spectator and the picture, things adapted to the scene represented, and in some places only parts of these objects, the completion of them being carried out pictorially.

CYCLOSCOPE Cy"clo*scope (s"kl-skp), n. Etym: [Cyclo- + -scope.]

Defn: A machine for measuring at any moment velocity of rotation, as of a wheel of a steam engine. Knight.

CYCLOSIS Cy*clo"sis (s-kl"ss), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Cyclone.] (Bot.)

Defn: The circulation or movement of protoplasmic granules within a living vegetable cell.

CYCLOSTOMATA Cy`clo*stom"a*ta (s`kl-stm"-t)

Defn:

CYCLOSTOME Cy*clos"to*me, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Bryozoa, in which the cells have circular apertures.

CYCLOSTOME; CYCLOSTOMOUS Cy"clo*stome (s"kl-stm), Cy*clos"to*mous (s-kls"t-ms), a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Cyclostomi.

CYCLOSTOMI Cy*clos"to*mi (s-kls"t-m), n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Cyclostomata.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A glass of fishes having a suckerlike mouth, without jaws, as the lamprey; the Marsipobranchii.

CYCLOSTYLAR Cy`clo*sty"lar (s`kl-st"r), a. Etym: [Cyclo- + Gr.

Defn: Relating to a structure composed of a circular range of columns, without a core or building within. Weale.

CYCLOSTYLE Cy"clo*style (s"kl-stl), n. Etym: [Cyclo + style.]

Defn: A contrivance for producing manifold copies of writing or drawing. The writing or drawing is done with a style carrying a small wheel at the end which makes minute punctures in the paper, thus converting it into a stencil. Copies are transferred with an inked roller.

CYDER Cy"der (s"dr), n.

Defn: See Cider. [Archaic]

CYDONIN Cy*do"nin (s-d"nn), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A peculiar mucilaginous substance extracted from the seeds of the quince (Cydonia vulgaris), and regarded as a variety of amylose.

CYGNET Cyg"net (sg"nt), n. Etym: [Dim. of F. cygne swan, L. cycnus. cygnus, fr. Gr. cugne seems to be an etymological spelling of OF. cisne, fr. LL. cecinus, cicinus, perh. ultimately also fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young swan. Shak.

CYGNUS Cyg"nus (sg"ns), n. Etym: [L., a swan.] (Astron.)

Defn: A constellation of the northern hemisphere east of, or following, Lyra; the Swan.

CYLINDER Cyl"in*der (sl"n-dr), n. Etym: [F. cylindre, OF. cilindre, L. cylindrus, fr. Gr. Calender the machine.]

1. (Geom.) (a) A solid body which may be generated by the rotation of a parallelogram round one its sides; or a body of rollerlike form, of which the longitudinal section is oblong, and the cross section is circular. (b) The space inclosed by any cylindrical surface. The space may be limited or unlimited in length.

2. Any hollow body of cylindrical form, as: (a) The chamber of a steam engine in which the piston is moved by the force of steam. (b) The barrel of an air or other pump. (c) (Print.) The revolving platen or bed which produces the impression or carries the type in a cylinder press. (d) The bore of a gun; the turning chambered breech of a revolver.

3. The revolving square prism carryng the cards in a Jacquard loom. Cylinder axis. (Anat.) SeeAxis cylinder, under Axis. -- Cylinder engine (Paper Making), a machine in which a cylinder takes up the pulp and delivers it in a continuous sheet to the dryers. -- Cylinder escapement. See Escapement. -- Cylinder glass. See Glass. -- Cylinder mill. See Roller mill. -- Cylinder press. See Press.

CYLINDRACEOUS Cyl`in*dra"ceous (-dr"shs), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cylyndrac]

Defn: Cylindrical, or approaching a cylindrical form.

CYLINDRIC; CYLINDRICAL Cy*lin"dric (s-ln"drk), Cy*lin"dric*al (-dr-kal), a. Etym: [Gr.cylindrique.]

Defn: Having the form of a cylinder, or of a section of its convex surface; partaking of the properties of the cylinder. Cylindrical lens, a lens having one, or more than one, cylindrical surface. -- Cylindric, or Cylindrical, surface (Geom.), a surface described by a straight line that moves according to any law, but so as to be constantly parallel to a given line. -- Cylindrical vault. (Arch.) See under Vault, n.

CYLINDRICALLY Cy*lin"dric*al*ly (s-ln"dr-kal-l), adv.

Defn: In the manner or shape of a cylinder; so as to be cylindrical.

CYLINDRICITY Cyl*`in*dric"i*ty (sl`n-drs"-t), n

Defn: The quality or condition of being cylindrical.

CYLINDRIFORM Cy*lin"dri*form (s-ln"dr-frm), a. Etym: [L. cylindrus (Gr. -form: cf.F. cylindriforme.]

Defn: Having the form of a cylinder.

CYLINDROID Cyl"in*droid (sl"n-droid), n. Etym: [Gr. -oid: cf. F. cylindro.]

1. A solid body resembling a right cylinder, but having the bases or ends elliptical.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: A certain surface of the third degree, described by a moving straight line; -- used to illustrate the motions of a rigid body and also the forces acting on the body.

CYLINDROMETRIC Cy*lin`dro*met"ric (s-ln`dr-mt"rk), a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Belonging to a scale used in measuring cylinders.

CYMA Cy"ma (s"m) n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Cyme]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A member or molding of the cornice, the profile of which is wavelike in form.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A cyme. See Cyme. Cyma recta, or Cyma, a cyma, hollow in its upper part and swelling below. -- Cyma reversa, or Ogee, a cyma swelling out on the upper part and hollow below.

CYMAR Cy*mar" (s-mr"), n. Etym: [F. simarre. See Chimere.]

Defn: A sight covering; a scarf. See Simar. Her body shaded with a light cymar. Dryden.

CYMATIUM Cy*ma"ti*um (s-m"sh-m), n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: A capping or crowning molding in classic architecture.

CYMBAL Cym"bal (sm"bal). n. Etym: [OE. cimbale, simbale, OF. cimbale, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. kubha pot. Cf. Chime.]

1. A musical instrument used by the ancients. It is supposed to have been similar to the modern kettle drum, though perhaps smaller.

2. A musical instrument of brass, shaped like a circular dish or a flat plate, with a handle at the back; -- used in pairs to produce a sharp ringing sound by clashing them together.

Note: In orchestras, one cymbal is commonly attached to the bass drum, and the other heid in the drummer's left hand, while his right hand uses the drumstick.

3. A musical instrument used by gypsies and others, made of steel wire, in a triangular form, on which are movable rings.

CYMBALIST Cym"bal*ist, n.

Defn: A performer upon cymbals.

CYMBIFORM Cym"bi*form (sm"b-frm),, a. Etym: [L. cymba boat (Gr. -form: cf. F. cymbiforme.]

Defn: Shaped like a boat; (Bot.) elongated and having the upper surface decidedly concave, as the glumes of many grasses.

CYMBIUM Cym"bi*um (sm"b-m), n. Etym: [L., a small cup, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine univalve shells; the gondola.

CYME Cyme (sm), n. Etym: [L. cyma the young sprount of a cabbage, fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A flattish or convex flower cluster, of the centrifugal or determinate type, differing from a corymb chiefly in the order of the opening of the blossoms.

CYMENE Cy"mene (s"mn), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, liquid, combustible hydrocarbon, CH3.C6H4.C3H7, of pleasant odor, obtained from oil of cumin, oil of caraway, carvacrol, camphor, etc.; -- called also paracymene, and formerly camphogen.

CYMENOL Cy"me*nol (s"m-nl), n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Carvacrol.

CYMIDINE Cy"mi*dine ( s"m-dn or -dn; 104), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid organic base, C10H13.NH2, derived from cymene.

CYMIFEROUS Cy*mif"er*ous (s-mf"r-s), a. Etym: [Cyme + -ferous.]

Defn: Producing cymes.

CYMLING; CYMBLING Cym"ling, Cymb"ling (sm"lng), n.

Defn: A scalloped or "pattypan" variety of summer squash.

CYMOGENE Cy"mo*gene (s"m-jn), n. (Chem.)

Defn: A highly volatile liquid, condensed by cold and pressure from the first products of the distillation of petroleum; -- used for producing low temperatures.

CYMOGRAPH Cy"mo*graph, n. [Cyma + -graph.] (a) An instrument for making tracings of the outline or contour of profiles, moldings, etc. (b) Var. of Kymograph. --Cy`mo*graph"ic (#), a.

CYMOGRAPH Cy"mo*graph, v. t.

Defn: To trace or copy with a cymograph.

CYMOID Cy"moid (s"moid), a. Etym: [Cyme + -oid.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form of a cyme.

CYMOMETER Cy*mom"e*ter, n. [Gr. wave -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for exhibiting and measuring wave motion; specif. (Elec.),

Defn: an instrument for determining the frequency of electic wave oscillations, esp. in connection with wireless telegraphy.

CYMOPHANE Cym"o*phane (sm"-fn or s"m-), n. Etym: [Gr.cymophane. So named in allusion to a peculiar opalescence often seen in it.] (Min.)

Defn: See Chrysoberyl.

CYMOPHANOUS Cy*moph"a*nous (s-mf"-ns or s-), a.

Defn: Having a wavy, floating light; opalescent; chatoyant.

CYMOSCOPE Cy"mo*scope, n. [Gr. wave + -scope.] (Elec.)

Defn: Any device for detecting the presence of electric waves. The influence of electric waves on the resistance of a particular kind of electric circuit, on the magnetization of steel, on the polarization of an electrolytic cell, or on the electric condition of a vacuum has been applied in the various cymoscopes.

CYMOSE; CYMOUS Cy"mose (s"ms; 277), Cy"mous (s"ms), a. Etym: [L. cymosus full of shoots: cf. FF. cymeux. See Cyme.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the nature of a cyme, or derived from a cyme; bearing, or pertaining to, a cyme or cymes.

CYMRIC Cym"ric (km"rk), a. Etym: [W. Cymru Wales.]

Defn: Welsh. -- n.

Defn: The Welsh language. [Written also Kymric.]

CYMRY Cym"ry (-r), n. Etym: [W., pl.]

Defn: A collective term for the Welsh race; -- so called by themselves . [Written also Cymri, Cwmry, Kymry, etc.]

CYMULE Cy"mule (s"ml), n. Etym: [Cf. L. cymula a tender sprout, dim. of cyna. See Cyme.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small cyme, or one of very few flowers.

CYNANCHE Cy*nan"che (s-nn"k), n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Quinsy.] (Med.)

Defn: Any disease of the tonsils, throat, or windpipe, attended with inflammation, swelling, and difficulty of breathing and swallowing.

CYNANTHROPY Cy*nan"thro*py (s-nn"thr-p), n. Etym: [Gr. cynanthropie.] (Med.)

Defn: A kind of madness in which men fancy themselves changed into dogs, and imitate the voice and habits of that animal.

CYNARCTOMACHY Cyn`arc*tom"a*chy (sn`rk-tm"-k). n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Bear baiting with a dog. Hudibras.

CYNARRHODIUM Cyn`ar*rho"di*um (sn`r-r"d-m), n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A fruit like that of the rose, consisting of a cup formed of the calyx tube and receptacle, and containing achenes.

CYNEGETICS Cyn`e*get"ics (sn`-jt"ks), n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The art of hunting with dogs.

CYNIC; CYNICAL Cyn"ic (sn"k), Cyn"ic*al (--kal), a. Etym: [L. cynicus of the sect of Cynics, fr. Gr. Hound.]

1. Having the qualities of a surly dog; snarling; captious; currish. I hope it is no very cynical asperity not to confess obligations where no benefit has been received. Johnson.

2. Pertaining to the Dog Star; as, the cynic, or Sothic, year; cynic cycle.

3. Belonging to the sect of philosophers called cynics; having the qualities of a cynic; pertaining to, or resembling, the doctrines of the cynics.

4. Given to sneering at rectitude and the conduct of life by moral principles; disbelieving in the reality of any human purposes which are not suggested or directed by self-interest or self-indulgence; as, a cynical man who scoffs at pretensions of integrity; characterized by such opinions; as, cynical views of human nature.

Note: In prose, cynical is used rather than cynic, in the senses 1 and 4. Cynic spasm (Med.), a convulsive contraction of the muscles of one side of the face, producing a sort of grin, suggesting certain movements in the upper lip of a dog.

CYNIC Cyn"ic, n. (Gr. Philos)

1. One of a sect or school of philosophers founded by Antisthenes, and of whom Diogenes was a disciple. The first Cynics were noted for austere lives and their scorn for social customs and current philosophical opinions. Hence the term Cynic symbolized, in the popular judgment, moroseness, and contempt for the views of others.

2. One who holds views resembling those of the Cynics; a snarler; a misanthrope; particularly, a person who believes that human conduct is directed, either consciously or unconsciously, wholly by self- interest or self-indulgence, and that appearances to the contrary are superficial and untrustworthy. He could obtain from one morose cynic, whose opinion it was impossible to despise, scarcely any not acidulated with scorn. Macaulay.

CYNICALLY Cyn"ic*al*ly (sn"-kal-l), adv.

Defn: In a cynical manner.

CYNICALNESS Cyn"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being cynical.

CYNICISM Cyn"i*cism (sn"-sz'm), n.

Defn: The doctrine of the Cynics; the quality of being cynical; the mental state, opnions, or conduct, of a cynic; morose and contemptuous views and opinions.

CYNOIDEA Cy*noi"de*a (s-noi"d-a), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Carnivora, including the dogs, wolves, and foxes.

CYNOREXIA Cyn`o*rex"i*a (sn`-rks"-), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A voracious appetite, like that of a starved dog.

CYNOSURAL Cy`no*su"ral (s`n-sh"ral or sn`-), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a cynosure.

CYNOSURE Cy"no*sure (s"n-shr or sn"-shr; 277), n. Etym: [L. Cynosura theconstellation Cynosure, Gr. Cynic.]

1. The constellation of the Lesser Bear, to which, as containing the polar star, the eyes of mariners and travelers were often directed.

2. That which serves to direct. Southey.

3. Anything to which attention is strongly turned; a center of attraction. Where perhaps some beauty lies, The cynosure of neighboring eyes. Milton.

CYON Cy"on (s"n), n.

Defn: See Cion, and Scion.

CYPERACEOUS Cyp`er*a"ceous (sp`r-"shs or s`pr-), a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a large family of plants of which the sedge is the type.

CYPERUS Cyp"e*rus (sp"-rs), n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A large genus of plants belonging to the Sedge family, and including the species called galingale, several bulrushes, and the Egyptian papyrus.

CYPHER Cy"pher (s"fr), n. & v.

Defn: See Cipher.

CYPHONAUTES Cyph`o*nau"tes (sf`-n"tz), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The free-swimming, bivalve larva of certain Bryozoa.

CYPHONISM Cyph"o*nism (sf`-nz'm or s, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A punishment sometimes used by the ancients, consisting in the besmearing of the criminal with honey, and exposing him to insects. It is still in use among some Oriental nations.

CYPRAEA Cy*præ"a (s-pr"), n. Etym: [NL.; cf. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of mollusks, including the cowries. See Cowrie.

CYPRES Cy`pres" (s`pr" or s`prs"), n. Etym: [OF., nearly.] (Law)

Defn: A rule for construing written instruments so as to conform as nearly to the intention of the parties as is consistent with law. Mozley & W.

CYPRESS Cy"press (s"prs), n.; pl. Cypresses (- Etym: [OE. cipres, cipresse, OF. cipres, F. cypr, L. cupressus, cyparissus (cf. the usual Lat. form cupressus), fr. Gr. g, Gen. vi. 14.] (Bot)

Defn: A coniferous tree of the genus Cupressus. The species are mostly evergreen, and have wood remarkable for its durability.

Note: Among the trees called cypress are the common Oriental cypress, Cupressus sempervirens, the evergreen American cypress, C. thyoides (now called Chamaecyparis sphaeroidea), and the deciduous American cypress, Taxodium distichum. As having anciently been used at funerals, and to adorn tombs, the Oriental species is an emblem of mourning and sadness. Cypress vine (Bot.), a climbing plant with red or white flowers (Ipotoea Quamoclit, formerly Quamoclit vulgaris).

CYPRIAN Cyp"ri*an (sp"r-an), a. Etym: [L. Cyprius, fr. Cyprus, Gr.

1. Belonging to Cyprus.

2. Of, pertaining, or conducing to, lewdness.

CYPRIAN Cyp"ri*an, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Cyprus, especially of ancient Cyprus; a Cypriot.

2. A lewd woman; a harlot.

CYPRINE Cyp"rine (sp"rn or s"prn), a. Etym: [Cf. Cypress.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the cypress.

CYPRINE Cyp"rine, a. Etym: [See Cyprinoid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Cyprinoid.

CYPRINODONT Cy*prin"o*dont (s-prn"-dnt), n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Cyprinodontidae, a family of fishes including the killifishes or minnows. See Minnow.

CYPRINOID Cyp"ri*noid (sp"r-noid), a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like the carp (Cyprinus). -- n.

Defn: One of the Cyprinidae, or Carp family, as the goldfish, barbel, etc.

CYPRIOT Cyp"ri*ot (sp"r-t), n. Etym: [F. Cypriot, Chypriot.]

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Cyprus.

CYPRIPEDIUM Cyp`ri*pe"di*um (sp`r-p"d-m), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Cypris Venus + pes, pedis, foot.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of orchidaceous plants including the lady's slipper.

CYPRIS Cy"pris (s"prs), n.; pl. Cyprides (s. Etym: [L. Cypris, the Cyprian goddess Venus, Gr. Cyprian.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of small, bivalve, freshwater Crustacea, belonging to the Ostracoda; also, a member of this genus.

CYPRUS Cy"prus (s"prs), n. Etym: [OE. cipres, cypirs; perh. so named as being first manufactured in Cyprus. Cf. Cipers.]

Defn: A thin, transparent stuff, the same as, or corresponding to, crape. It was either white or black, the latter being most common, and used for mourning. [Obs.] Lawn as white as driven snow, Cyprus black as e'er was crow. Shak.

CYPRUSLAWN Cy"prus*lawn` (-ln`), n.

Defn: Same as Cyprus. Milton.

CYPSELA Cyp"se*la (sp"s-l), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A one-seeded, one-called, indehiscent fruit; an achene with the calyx tube adherent.

CYPSELIFORM Cyp*sel"i*form (sp-sl"-frm), a. Etym: [L. cypselus a kind of swallow, Gr. -form.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or belonging to the swifts (Cypselidæ.)

CYRENAIC Cyr`e*na"ic (sr`-n"k or s`r-), a. Etym: [L. Cyrenaicus, fr. Cyrene, in Libya.]

Defn: Pertaining to Cyrenaica, an ancient country of northern Africa, and to Cyrene, its principal city; also, to a school of philosophy founded by Aristippus, a native of Cyrene. -- n.

Defn: A native of Cyrenaica; also, a disciple of the school of Aristippus. See Cyrenian, n.

CYRENIAN Cy*re"ni*an (s-r"n-an), a.

Defn: Pertaining to Cyrene, in Africa; Cyrenaic.

CYRENIAN Cy*re"ni*an, n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Cyrene.

2. One of a school of philosophers, established at Cyrene by Aristippus, a disciple of Socrates. Their doctrines were nearly the same as those of the Epicureans.

CYRIOLOGIC Cyr`i*o*log"ic (sr`--lj"k or s`r-), a. Etym: [See Curiologic.]

Defn: Relating to capital letters.

CYRTOSTYLE Cyr"to*style (sr"t-stl), n. Etym: [Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: A circular projecting portion.

CYST Cyst (sst), n. Etym: [Gr. Cyme.]

1. (Med.) (a) A pouch or sac without opening, usually membranous and containing morbid matter, which is accidentally developed in one of the natural cavaties or in the substance of an organ. (b) In old authors, the urinary bladder, or the gall bladder. [Written also cystis.]

2. (Bot.)

Defn: One of the bladders or air vessels of certain algæ, as of the great kelp of the Pacific, and common rockweeds (Fuci) of our shores. D. C. Eaton.

3. (Zoöl.) (a) A small capsule or sac of the kind in which many immature entozoans exit in the tissues of living animals; also, a similar form in Rotifera, etc. (b) A form assumed by Protozoa inwhich they become saclike and quiescent. It generally precedes the production of germs. See Encystment.

CYSTED Cyst"ed (ss"td), a.

Defn: Inclosed in a cyst.

CYSTIC Cyst"ic (ss"tk), a. Etym: [Cf. F. cystique.]

1. Having the form of, or living in, a cyst; as, the cystic entozoa.

2. Containing cysts; cystose; as, cystic sarcoma.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or contained in, a cyst; esp., pertaining to, or contained in, either the urinary bladder or the gall bladder. Cystic duct, the duct from the gall bladder which unites with the hepatic to form the common bile duct. -- Cystic worm (Zoöl.), a larval tape worm, as the cysticercus and echinococcus.

CYSTICERCE; CYSTICERCUS Cys"ti*cerce (ss"t-srs), Cys`ti*cer"cus (-sr"ks), n. Etym: [NL. cysticercus, fr. Gr. cysticerque.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larval form of a tapeworm, having the head and neck of a tapeworm attached to a saclike body filled with fluid; -- called also bladder worm, hydatid, and measle (as, pork measle).

Note: These larvae live in the tissues of various living animals, and, when swallowed by a suitable carnivorous animal, develop into adult tapeworms in the intestine. See Measles, 4, Tapeworm.

CYSTICULE Cys"ti*cule (ss"t-kl), n. Etym: [Dim. of cyst.] (Anat.)

Defn: An appendage of the vestibular ear sac of fishes. Owen.

CYSTID Cys"tid (ss"td), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Cystidea.

CYSTIDEA Cys*tid"e*a (ss-td"-), n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Crinoidea, mostly fossils of the Paleozoic rocks. They were usually roundish or egg-shaped, and often unsymmetrical; some were sessile, others had short stems.

CYSTIDEAN Cys*tid"e*an (-td"-an), n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Cystidea.

CYSTINE Cyst"ine (ss"tn; 104), n. Etym: [See Cyst.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance, C3H7NSO2, containing sulphur, occuring as a constituent of certain rare urinary calculi, and occasionally found as a sediment in urine.

CYSTIS Cys"tis (ss"ts), n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: A cyst. See Cyst.

CYSTITIS Cys*ti"tis (ss-t"ts), n. Etym: [Cyst + -itis: cf. F. cystite.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the bladder.

CYSTOCARP Cys"to*carp (ss"t-krp), n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A minute vesicle in a red seaweed, which contains the reproductive spores.

CYSTOCELE Cys"to*cele (-sl), n. Etym: [Gr. cystocele.] (Med.)

Defn: Hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes; vesical hernia.

CYSTOID; CYSTOIDEAN Cys"toid, Cys*toid"e*an, n.

Defn: Same as Cystidean.

CYSTOIDEA Cys*toi"de*a (ss-toi"d-), n.

Defn: Same as Cystidea.

CYSTOLITH Cys"to*lith (ss"t-lth), n. Etym: [Gr. -lith.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A concretion of mineral matter within a leaf or other part of a plant.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A urinary calculus.

CYSTOLITHIC Cys`to*lith"ic (-lth"k), a. (Med.)

Defn: Relating to stone in the bladder.

CYSTOPLAST Cys"to*plast (-plst), n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: A nucleated cell having an envelope or cell wall, as a red blood corpuscle or an epithelial cell; a cell concerned in growth.

CYSTOSE Cyst"ose (ss"ts), a.

Defn: Containing, or resembling, a cyst or cysts; cystic; bladdery.

CYSTOTOME Cys"to*tome (ss"t-tm), n. Etym: [Gr. cystotome.] (Surg.)

Defn: A knife or instrument used in cystotomy.

CYSTOTOMY Cys*tot"o*my (ss-tt"-m), n. Etym: [Gr. cystotomie.]

Defn: The act or practice of opening cysts; esp., the operation of cutting into the bladder, as for the extraction of a calculus.

CYTHEREAN Cyth`er*e"an (sth`r--"an), a. Etym: [L. Cythereus, from Cythera, Gr. Cerigo, an island in the Ægean Sea, celebrated for the worship of Venus.]

Defn: Pertaining to the goddess Venus.

CYTOBLAST Cy"to*blast (s"t-blst), n. Etym: [Gr. -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: The nucleus of a cell; the germinal or active spot of a cellule, through or in which cell development takes place.

CYTOBLASTEMA Cy`to*blas*te"ma (-bls-t"m), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: See Protoplasm.

CYTOCOCCUS Cy`to*coc"cus (-kk"ks), n.; pl. Cytococci (-s. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The nucleus of the cytula or parent cell. Hæckel.

CYTODE Cy"tode (s"td), n. Etym: [Gr. Cyst.] (Biol.)

Defn: A nonnucleated mass of protoplasm, the supposed simplest form of independent life differing from the amoeba, in which nuclei are present.

CYTOGENESIS Cy`to*gen"e*sis (s`t-jn"-ss), n. Etym: [Gr. genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: Development of cells in animal and vegetable organisms. See Gemmation, Budding, Karyokinesis; also Cell development, under Cell.

CYTOGENIC; CYTOGENETIC Cy`to*gen"ic (s`t-jn"k), Cy`to*ge*net"ic (-j-nt"k), a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to cytogenesis or cell development.

CYTOGENOUS Cy*tog"e*nous (s-tj"-ns), a. (Anat.)

Defn: Producing cells; -- applied esp. to lymphatic, or adenoid, tissue.

CYTOGENY Cy*tog"e*ny (-n), n . (Biol.)

Defn: Cell production or development; cytogenesis.

CYTOID Cy"toid (s"toid), a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Cell-like; -- applied to the corpuscles of lymph, blood, chyle, etc.

CYTOPLASM Cy"to*plasm (s"t-plz'm), n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The substance of the body of a cell, as distinguished from the karyoplasma, or substance of the nucleus. -- Cy`to*plas"mic (-pl, a.

CYTULA Cyt"u*la (st"-l), n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The fertilized egg cell or parent cell, from the development of which the child or other organism is formed. Hæckel.

CZAR Czar (zär), n. Etym: [Russ. tsare, fr. L. Caesar Cæsar; cf. OPol. czar, Pol. car. ]

Defn: A king; a chief; the title of the emperor of Russia. [Written also tzar.]

CZAREVNA Cza*rev"na (z-rv"n), n. Etym: [Russ. tsarevna.]

Defn: The title of the wife of the czarowitz.

CZARINA Cza*ri"na (z-r"n), n. Etym: [Cf. G. Zarin, Czarin, fem., Russ. tsaitsa.]

Defn: The title of the empress of Russia.

CZARINIAN Cza*rin"i*an (z-rn"-an), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the czar or the czarina; czarish.

CZARISH Czar"ish (zr"sh), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the czar.

CZAROWITZ Czar"o*witz (zr"-wts or tr"-vch), n.; pl. Czarowitzes (-. Etym: [Russ. tsar.]

Defn: The title of the eldest son of the czar of Russia.

CZECH Czech (chk; 204), n.

1. One of the Czechs.

2. The language of the Czechs (often called Bohemian), the harshest and richest of the Slavic languages.

CZECHIC Czech"ic (chk"k), a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Czechs. "One Czechic realm." The Nation.

CZECHS Czechs (chks), n. pl.; sing. Czech. Etym: [Named after their chieftain, Czech.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: The most westerly branch of the great Slavic family of nations, numbering now more than 6,000,000, and found principally in Bohemia and Moravia.

D

1. The fourth letter of the English alphabet, and a vocal consonent. The English letter is from Latin, which is from Greek, which took it from Phoenician, the probable ultimate origin being Egyptian. It is related most nearly to t and th; as, Eng. deep, G. tief; Eng. daughter, G. tochter, Gr. duhitr. See Guide to Pronunciation, sq. root178, 179, 229.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: The nominal of the second tone in the model major scale (that in C), or of the fourth tone in the relative minor scale of C (that in A minor), or of the key tone in the relative minor of F.

3. As a numeral D stands for 500. in this use it is not the initial of any word, or even strictly a letter, but one half of the sign

DAB Dab, n. Etym: [Perh. corrupted fr. adept.]

Defn: A skillful hand; a dabster; an expert. [Colloq.] One excels at a plan or the titlepage, another works away at the body of the book, and the therd is a dab at an index. Goldsmith.

DAB Dab, n. Etym: [Perh. so named from its quickness in diving beneath the sand. Cf. Dabchick.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A name given to several species of Pleuronectes . TheAmerican rough dab is Hippoglossoides platessoides.

DAB Dab, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Dabbed; p.pr.& vb.n. Dabbing.] Etym: [OE. dabben to strice; akin to OD. dabben to pinch, knead, fumble, dabble, and perh. to G. tappen to grope.]

1. To strike or touch gently, as with a soft or moist substance; to tap; hence, to besmear with a dabber. A sore should . . . be wiped . . . only by dabbing it over with fine lint. S. Sharp.

2. To strike by a thrust; to hit with a sudden blow or thrust. "To dab him in the neck." Sir T. More.

DAB Dab, n.

1. A gentle blow with the hand or some soft substance; a sudden blow or hit; a peck. Astratch of her clame, a dab of her beack. Hawthorne.

2. A small mass of anything soft or moist.

DABB Dabb, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, spine-tailed lizard (Uromastix spinipes), found in Egypt, Arabia, and Palestine; -- called also dhobb, and dhabb.

DABBER Dab"ber, n.

Defn: That with which one dabs; hence, a pad or other device used by printers, engravers, etc., as for dabbing type or engraved plates with ink.

DABBLE Dab"ble, v. t. [imp.&p.p Dabbled; p.pr.&vb.n. Dabbling.] Etym: [Freq. of dab: cf. OD. dabbelen.]

Defn: To wet by little dips or strokes; to spatter; to sprinkle; to moisten; to wet. "Bright hair dabbled in blood." Shak.

DABBLE Dab"ble, v. i.

1. To play in water, as with the hands; to paddle or splash in mud or water. Wher the duck dabbles Wordsworth.

2. To work in slight or superficial manner; to do in a small way; to tamper; to meddle. "Dabbling here and there with the text." Atterbury. During the ferst year at Dumfries, Burns for the ferst time began to dabble in politics. J. C. Shairp.

DABBLER Dab"bler, n.

1. One who dabbles.

2. One who dips slightly into anything; a superficial meddler. "our dabblers in politics." Swift.

DABBLINGLY Dab"bling*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dabbling manner.

DABCHICK Dab"chick`, n. Etym: [For dabchick. See Dap, Dip, cf. Dipchick.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small water bird (Podilymbus podiceps), allied to the grebes, remarkable for its quickness in diving; -- called also dapchick, dobchick, dipchick, didapper, dobber, devil-diver, hell-diver, and pied-billed grebe.

DABOIA Da*boi"a, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large and highly venomous Asiatic viper (Daboia xanthica).

DABSTER Dab"ster, n. Etym: [Cf. Dab an expert.]

Defn: One who is skilled; a master of his business; a proficient; an adept. [Colloq.]

Note: Sometimes improperly used for dabbler; as, "I am but a dabster with gentle art."

DACAPO Da`ca"po. Etym: [It., from [the] head or beginning.] (Mus.)

Defn: From the beginning; a direction to return to, and end with, the first strain; -- indicated by the letters D. C. Also, the strain so repeated.

DACE Dace, n. Etym: [Written also dare, dart, fr. F. dard dase, dart, of German origin. Dace is for an older darce, fr. an OF. nom. darz. See Dart a javelin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small European cyprinoid fish (Squalius leuciscus or Leuciscus vulgaris); -- called also dare.

Note: In America the name is given to several related fishes of the genera Squalius, Minnilus, etc. The black-nosed dace is Rhinichthys atronasus the horned dace is Semotilus corporalis. For red dace, see Redfin.

DACHSHUND Dachs"hund`, n. Etym: [G., from dachs badger + hund dog.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a breed of small dogs with short crooked legs, and long body; -- called also badger dog. There are two kinds, the rough- haired and the smooth-haired.

DACIAN Da"cian, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Dacia or the Dacians. -- n.

Defn: A native of ancient Dacia.

DACOIT Da*coit" (da*koit"), n. [Hind. dsakait, dsakayat.]

Defn: One of a class of robbers, in India, who act in gangs.

DACOITY Da*coit"y, n.

Defn: The practice of gang robbery in India; robbery committed by dacoits.

DACOTAHS Da*co"tahs, n. pl.; sing. Dacotan (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: Same as Dacotas. Longfellow.

DACTYL Dac"tyl, n. Etym: [L. dactylus, Gr. Digit.]

1. (Pros.)

Defn: A poetical foot of three sylables (-- ~ ~), one long followed by two short, or one accented followed by two unaccented; as, L. tëgmînê, E. mer"ciful; -- so called from the similarity of its arrangement to that of the joints of a finger. [Written also dactyle.]

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A finger or toe; a digit. (b) The claw or terminal joint of a leg of an insect or crustacean.

DACTYLAR Dac"tyl*ar, a.

1. Pertaining to dactyl; dactylic.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a finger or toe, or to the claw of an insect crustacean.

DACTYLET Dac"tyl*et, n. Etym: [Dactyl + .]

Defn: A dactyl. [Obs.]

DACTYLIC Dac*tyl"ic, a. Etym: [L. dactylicus, Gr. , fr. .]

Defn: Pertaining to, consisting chiefly or wholly of, dactyls; as, dactylic verses.

DACTYLIC Dac*tyl"ic, n.

1. A line consisting chiefly or wholly of dactyls; as, these lines are dactylics.

2. pl.

Defn: Dactylic meters.

DACTYLIOGLYPH Dactyl"i*o*glyph, n. Etym: [Gr. an engraver of gems; finger ring (fr. finger) + to engrave.] (Fine Arts) (a) An engraver of gems for rings and other ornaments. (b) The inscription of the engraver's name on a finger ring or gem.

DACTYLIOGLYPHY Dac*tyl`i*og"ly*phy, n.

Defn: The art or process of gem engraving.

DACTYLIOGRAPHY Dac*tyl`i*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. finger ring + .] (Fine Arts) (a) The art of writing or engraving upon gems. (b) In general, the literature or history of the art.

DACTYLIOLOGY Dac*tyl`i* ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. finger ring + .] (Fine Arts) (a) That branch of archæology which has to do with gem engraving. (b) That branch of archæology which has to do with finger rings.

DACTYLIOMANCY Dac*tyl"i*o*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. dakty`lios + -mancy.]

Defn: Divination by means of finger rings.

DACTYLIST Dac"tyl*ist, n.

Defn: A writer of dactylic verse.

DACTYLITIS Dac`tyl*i"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. finger + -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: An inflammatory affection of the fingers. Gross.

DACTYLOLOGY Dac`tyl*o"logy, n. Etym: [Gr. finger + -logy.]

Defn: The art of communicating ideas by certain movements and positions of the fingers; -- a method of conversing practiced by the deaf and dumb.

Note: There are two different manual alphabets, the one hand alphabet (which was perfected by Abbé de l'Epée, who died in 1789), and the two hand alphabet. The latter was probably based on the manual alphabet published by George Dalgarus of Aberdeen, in 1680. See Illustration in Appendix.

DACTYLOMANCY Dac*tyl"o*man`cy, n.

Defn: Dactylio mancy. [R.] Am. Cyc.

DACTYLONOMY Dac`tyl*on"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. finger + law, distribution.]

Defn: The art of numbering or counting by the fingers.

DACTYLOPTEROUS Dac`tyl*op"ter*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. finger + wing, fin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the inferior rays of the pectoral fins partially or entirely free, as in the gurnards.

DACTYLOTHECA Dac`ty*lo*the"ca, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. finger, toe + case, box.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The scaly covering of the toes, as in birds.

DACTYLOZOOID Dac`tyl*o*zo"oid, n. Etym: [Gr. finger + E. zooid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kind of zooid of Siphonophora which has an elongated or even vermiform body, with one tentacle, but no mouth. See Siphonophora.

DAD Dad, n. Etym: [Prob. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. daid, Gael. daidein, W. tad, OL. , , Skr. tata.]

Defn: Father; -- a word sometimes used by children. I was never so bethumped withwords, Since I first called my brother's father dad. Shak.

DADDLE Dad"dle, v. i. [imp. & p.p. Daddled, p.pr. & vb.n. Daddling.] Etym: [Prob. freq. of dade.]

Defn: To toddle; to walk unsteadily, like a child or an old man; hence, to do anything slowly or feebly.

DADDOCK Dad"dock, n. Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. dad a large piece.]

Defn: The rotten body of a tree. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

DADDY Dad"dy, n.

Defn: Diminutive of Dad. Dryden.

DADDY LONGLEGS Dad"dy long"legs`.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An arachnidan of the genus Phalangium, and allied genera, having a small body and four pairs of long legs; -- called also harvestman, carter, and grandfather longlegs.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A name applied to many species of dipterous insects of the genus Tipula, and allied genera, with slender bodies, and very long, slender legs; the crane fly; -- called also father longlegs.

DADE Dade, v. t. Etym: [Of. uncertain origin. Cf. Dandle, Daddle.]

Defn: To hold up by leading strings or by the hand, as a child while he toddles. [Obs.] Little children when they learn to go By painful mothers daded to and fro. Drayton.

DADE Dade, v. i.

Defn: To walk unsteadily, as a child in leading strings, or just learning to walk; to move slowly. [Obs.] No sooner taught to dade, but from their mother trip. Drayton.

DADO Da"do, n.; pl. Dadoes. Etym: [It. dado die, cube, pedestal; of the same origin as E. die, n. See Die, n.] (Arch.) (a) That part of a pedestal included between the base and the cornice (or surbase); the die. See Illust. of Column. Hence: (b) In any wall, that part of the basement included between the base and the base course. See Base course, under Base. (c) In interior decoration, the lower part of the wall of an apartment when adorned with moldings, or otherwise specially decorated.

DAEDAL; DAEDALIAN Dæ"dal, Dæ*dal"ian, a. Etym: [L. daedalus cunningly wrought, fr. Gr. ; cf. to work cunningly. The word also alludes to the mythical Dædalus (Gr. , lit., the cunning worker).]

1. Cunningly or ingeniously formed or working; skillful; artistic; ingenious. Our bodies decked in our dædalian arms. Chapman. The dædal hand of Nature. J. Philips. The doth the dædal earth throw forth to thee, Out of her fruitful, abundant flowers. Spenser.

2. Crafty; deceitful. [R.] Keats.

DAEDALOUS Dæd"a*lous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a variously cut or incised margin; -- said of leaves.

DAEMON; DAEMONIC Dæ"mon, n., Dæ*mon"ic (, a.

Defn: See Demon, Demonic.

DAFF Daff, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Doff.]

Defn: To cast aside; to put off; to doff. [Obs.] Canst thou so daff me Thou hast killed my child. Shak.

DAFF Daff, n. Etym: [See Daft.]

Defn: A stupid, blockish fellow; a numskull. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DAFF Daff, v. i.

Defn: To act foolishly; to be foolish or sportive; to toy. [Scot.] Jamieson.

DAFF Daff, v. t.

Defn: To daunt. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.

DAFFODIL Daf"fo*dil, n. Etym: [OE. affodylle, prop., the asphodel, fr. LL. affodillus (cf. D. affodille or OF. asphodile, aphodille, F. asphodèle), L. asphodelus, fr. Gr. . The initial d in English is not satisfactorily explained. See Asphodel.] (Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus Asphodelus. (b) A plant of the genus Narcissus (N. Pseudo-narcissus). It has a bulbous root and beautiful flowers, usually of a yellow hue. Called also daffodilly, daffadilly, daffadowndilly, daffydowndilly, etc. With damasc roses and daffadowndillies set. Spenser. Strow me the ground with daffadowndillies, And cowslips, and kingcups, and loved lilies. Spenser. A college gown That clad her like an April Daffodilly. Tennyson And chance-sown daffodil. Whittier.

DAFT Daft, a. Etym: [OE. daft, deft, deft, stupid; prob. the same word as E. deft. See Deft.]

1. Stupid; folish; idiotic; also, delirious; insance; as, he has gone daft. Let us think no more of this daft business Sir W. Scott.

2. Gay; playful; frolicsome. [Scot.] Jamieson.

DAFTNESS Daft"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being daft.

DAG Dag, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dague, LL. daga, D. dagge (fr. French); all prob. fr. Celtic; Cf. Gael. dag a pistol, Armor. dag dagger, W. dager, dagr, Ir. daigear. Cf. Dagger.]

1. A dagger; a poniard. [Obs.] Johnson.

2. A large pistol formerly used. [Obs.] The Spaniards discharged their dags, and hurt some. Foxe. A sort of pistol, called dag, was used about the same time as hand guns and harquebuts. Grose.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The unbrunched antler of a young deer.

DAG Dag, n. Etym: [Of Scand. origin; cf. Sw. dagg, Icel. dögg. sq. root71. See Dew.]

Defn: A misty shower; dew. [Obs.]

DAG Dag, n. Etym: [OE. dagge (cf. Dagger); or cf. AS. dag what is dangling.]

Defn: A loose end; a dangling shred. Daglocks, clotted locks hanging in dags or jags at a sheep's tail. Wedgwood.

DAG Dag, v. t. Etym: [1, from Dag dew. 2, from Dag a loose end.]

1. To daggle or bemire. [Prov. Eng.] Johnson.

2. To cut into jags or points; to slash; as, to dag a garment. [Obs.] Wright.

DAG Dag, v. i.

Defn: To be misty; to drizzle. [Prov. Eng.]

DAGGER Dag"ger, n. Etym: [Cf. OE. daggen to pierce, F. daguer. See Dag a dagger.]

1. A short weapon used for stabbing. This is the general term: cf. Poniard, Stiletto, Bowie knife, Dirk, Misericorde, Anlace.

2. (Print.)

Defn: A mark of reference in the form of a dagger [|]. It is the second in order when more than one reference occurs on a page; -- called also obelisk. Dagger moth (Zoöl.), any moth of the genus Apatalea. The larvæ are often destructive to the foliage of fruit trees, etc. -- Dagger of lath, the wooden weapon given to the Vice in the old Moralities. Shak. -- Double dagger, a mark of reference [||] which comes next in order after the dagger. -- To look, or speak, daggers, to look or speak fiercely or reproachfully.

DAGGER Dag"ger, v. t.

Defn: To pierce with a dagger; to stab. [Obs.]

DAGGER Dag"ger, n. Etym: [Perh. from diagonal.]

Defn: A timber placed diagonally in a ship's frame. Knight.

DAGGES Dagges, n. pl. Etym: [OE. See Dag a loose end.]

Defn: An ornamental cutting of the edges of garments, introduced about a. d. 1346, according to the Chronicles of St Albans. [Obs.] Halliwell.

DAGGLE Dag"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Daggled; p. pr. & vb. n. Daggling.] Etym: [Freq. of dag, v. t., 1.]

Defn: To trail, so as to wet or befoul; to make wet and limp; to moisten. The warrior's very plume, I say, Was daggled by the dashing spray. Sir W. Scott.

DAGGLE Dag"gle, v. i.

Defn: To run, go, or trail one's self through water, mud, or slush; to draggle. Nor, like a puppy [have I] daggled through the town. Pope.

DAGGLE-TAIL; DAGGLE-TAILED Dag"gle-tail`, Dag"gle-tailed`, a.

Defn: Having the lower ends of garments defiled by trailing in mire or filth; draggle-tailed.

DAGGLE-TAIL Dag"gle-tail`, n.

Defn: A slovenly woman; a slattern; a draggle-tail.

DAGLOCK Dag"lock`, n. Etym: [Dag a loose and + lock.]

Defn: A dirty or clotted lock of wool on a sheep; a taglock.

DAGO Da"go, n.; pl. Dagos. Etym: [Cf. Sp. Diego, E. James.]

Defn: A nickname given to a person of Spanish (or, by extension, Portuguese or Italian) descent. [U. S.]

DAGOBA Da*go"ba, n. Etym: [Singhalese dagoba.]

Defn: A dome-shaped structure built over relics of Buddha or some Buddhist saint. [East Indies]

DAGON Da"gon, Etym: [Heb. Dagon, fr. dag a fish: cf. Gr. .]

Defn: The national god of the Philistines, represented with the face and hands and upper part of a man, and the tail of a fish. W. Smith. This day a solemn feast the people hold To Dagon, their sea idol. Milton. They brought it into the house of Dagon. 1 Sam. v. 2.

DAGON Dag"on, n. Etym: [See Dag a loose end.]

Defn: A slip or piece. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DAGSWAIN Dag"swain`, n. Etym: [From Dag a loose end]

Defn: Acoarse woolen fabric made of daglocks, or the refuse of wool. "Under coverlets made of dagswain." Holinshed.

DAG-TAILED Dag"-tailed`, a. Etym: [Dag a loose end + tail.]

Defn: Daggle-tailed; having the tail clogged with daglocks. "Dag- tailed sheep." Bp. Hall.

DAGUERREAN; DAGUERREIAN Da*guer"re*an, Da*guerre"i*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Daguerre, or to his invention of the daguerreotype.

DAGUERREOTYPE Da*guerre"o*type, n. Etym: [From Daguerre the inventor + -type.]

1. An early variety of photograph, produced on a silver plate, or copper plate covered with silver, and rendered sensitive by the

## action of iodine, or iodine and bromine, on which, after exposure in

the camera, the latent image is developed by the vapor of mercury.

2. The process of taking such pictures.

DAGUERREOTYPE Da*guerre"o*type, v. t. [imp. & p.p. Daguerreotyped; p. pr. & vb. n. Daguerreotyping.]

1. To produce or represent by the daguerreotype process, as a picture.

2. To impress with great distinctness; to imprint; to imitate exactly.

DAGUERREOTYPER; DAGUERREOTYPIST Da*guerre"o*ty`per, Da*guerre"o*ty`pist, n.

Defn: One who takes daguerreotypes.

DAGUERREOTYPY Da*guerre"o*ty`py, n.

Defn: The art or process of producing pictures by method of Daguerre.

DAHABEAH Da`ha*be"ah, n. Etym: [Ar.]

Defn: A nile boat

DAHLIA Dah"lia, n.; pl. Dahlias. Etym: [Named after Andrew Dahl a Swedish botanist.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants native to Mexico and Central America, of the order Compositæ; also, any plant or flower of the genus. The numerous varieties of cultivated dahlias bear conspicuous flowers which differ in color.

DAHLIN Dah"lin, n. Etym: [From Dahlia.] (Chem.)

Defn: A variety of starch extracted from the dahlia; -- called also inulin. See Inulin.

DAHOON Da*hoon" (da*hoon"), [Origin unknown.]

Defn: An evergreen shrub or small tree (Ilex cassine) of the southern United States, bearing red drupes and having soft, white, close- grained wood; -- called also dahoon holly.

DAILINESS Dai"li*ness, n.

Defn: Daily occurence. [R.]

DAILY Dai"ly, a. Etym: [AS. dæglic; dæg day + -lic like. See Day.]

Defn: Happening, or belonging to, each successive day; diurnal; as, daily labor; a daily bulletin. Give us this day our daily bread. Matt. vi. 11. Bunyan has told us . . . that in New England his dream was the daily subject of the conversation of thousands. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Daily, Diurnal. Daily is Anglo-Saxon, and diurnal is Latin. The former is used in reference to the ordinary concerns of life; as, daily wants, daily cares, daily employments. The latter is appropriated chiefly by astronomers to what belongs to the astronomical day; as, the diurnal revolution of the earth. Man hath his daily work of body or mind Appointed, which declares his dignity, And the regard of Heaven on all his ways. Milton. Half yet remains unsung, but narrower bound Within the visible diurnal sphere. Milton.

DAILY Dai"ly, n.; pl. Dailies (.

Defn: A publication which appears regularly every day; as, the morning dailies.

DAILY Dai"ly, adv.

Defn: Every day; day by day; as, a thing happens daily.

DAIMIO Dai"mi*o, n.; pl. Daimios. Etym: [Jap., fr. Chin. tai ming great name.]

Defn: The title of the feudal nobles of Japan.daimyo The daimios, or territorial nobles, resided in Yedo and were divided into four classes. Am. Cyc.

DAINT Daint, n. Etym: [See Dainty, n.]

Defn: Something of exquisite taste; a dainty. [Obs.] -- a.

Defn: Dainty. [Obs.] To cherish him with diets daint. Spenser.

DAINTIFY Dain"ti*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Daintified; p. pr. & vb. n. Daintifying.] Etym: [Dainty + -fy.]

Defn: To render dainty, delicate, or fastidious. "Daintified emotion." Sat. rev.

DAINTILY Dain"ti*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dainty manner; nicely; scrupulously; fastidiously; deliciously; prettily.

DAINTINESS Dain"ti*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dainty; nicety; niceness; elegance; delicacy; deliciousness; fastidiousness; squeamishness. The daintiness and niceness of our captains Hakluyt. More notorious for the daintiness of the provision . . . than for the massiveness of the dish. Hakewill. The duke exeeded in the daintiness of his leg and foot, and the earl in the fine shape of his hands, Sir H. Wotton.

DAINTREL Dain"trel, n. Etym: [From daint or dainty; cf. OF. daintier.]

Defn: Adelicacy. [Obs.] Halliwell.

DAINTY Dain"ty, n.; pl. Dainties. Etym: [OE. deinie, dainte, deintie, deyntee, OF. deintié delicacy, orig., dignity, honor, fr. L. dignitas, fr. dignus worthy. See Deign, and cf. Dignity.]

1. Value; estimation; the gratification or pleasure taken in anything. [Obs.] I ne told no deyntee of her love. Chaucer.

2. That which is delicious or delicate; a delicacy. That precious nectar may the taste renew Of Eden's dainties, by our parents lost. Beau. & Fl.

3. A term of fondness. [Poetic] B. Jonson.

Syn. -- Dainty, Delicacy. These words are here compared as denoting articles of food. The term delicacy as applied to a nice article of any kind, and hence to articles of food which are particularly attractive. Dainty is stronger, and denotes some exquisite article of cookery. A hotel may be provided with all the delicacies of the season, and its table richly covered with dainties. These delicacies I mean of taste, sight, smell, herbs, fruits, and flowers, Walks and the melody of birds. Milton. [A table] furnished plenteously with bread, And dainties, remnants of the last regale. Cowper.

DAINTY Dain"ty, a. [Compar. Daintier; superl. Daintiest.]

1. Rare; valuable; costly. [Obs.] Full many a deynté horse had he in stable. Chaucer.

Note: Hence the proverb "dainty maketh dearth," i. e., rarity makes a thing dear or precious.

2. Delicious to the palate; toothsome. Dainty bits Make rich the ribs. Shak.

3. Nice; delicate;elegant, in form, manner, or breeding; well-formed; neat; tender. Those dainty limbs which nature lent For gentle usage and soft delicacy. Milton. Iwould be the girdle. About her dainty, dainty waist. Tennyson.

4. Requirinig daintles. Hence; Overnice; hard to please; fastidious; sqrupulous; ceremonious. Thew were a fine and Dainty people. Bacon. And let us not be dainty of leave taking, But shift away. Shak. To make dainty, to assume or affect delicacy or fastidiousness. [Obs.] Ah ha, my mistresses! which of you all Will now deny to dance She that makes dainty, She, I'll swear, hath corns. Shak.

DAIRA Da"ï*ra, n. [Turk. daire circuit department, fr. Ar. daïrah circle.]

Defn: Any of several valuable estates of the Egyptian khedive or his family. The most important are the Da"i*ra Sa"ni*eh, or Sa"ni*yeh, and the Da"i*ra Khas"sa, administered by the khedive's European bondholders, and known collectively as the Daira, or the Daira estates.

DAIRY Dai"ry, n.;pl. Dairies. Etym: [OE. deierie, from deie, daie, maid; of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. deigja maid, dairymaid, Sw. deja, orig., a baking maid, fr. Icel. deig. Dough.]

1. The place, room, or house where milk is kept, and converted into butter or cheese. What stores my dairies and my folds contain. Dryden.

2. That department of farming which is concerned in the production of milk, and its conversion into butter and cheese. Grounds were turned much in England either to feeding or dairy; and this advanced the trade of English butter. Temple.

3. A dairy farm. [R.]

Note: Dairy is much used adjectively or in combination; as, dairy farm, dairy countries, dairy house or dairyhouse, dairyroom, dairywork, etc.

DAIRYING Dai"ry*ing, n.

Defn: The business of conducting a dairy.

DAIRYMAID Dai"ry*maid`, n.

Defn: A female servant whose business is the care of the dairy.

DAIRYMAN Dai"ry*man, n.; pl. Dairymen (.

Defn: A man who keeps or takes care of a dairy.

DAIRYWOMAN Dai"ry*wom`an, n.; pl. Dairywomen (.

Defn: A woman who attends to a dairy.

DAIS Da"is (da"îs), n. Etym: [OE. deis, des, table, dais, OF. deis table, F. dais a canopy, L. discus a quoit, a dish (from the shape), LL., table, fr. Gr. a quoit, a dish. See Dish.]

1. The high or principal table, at the end of a hall, at which the chief guests were seated; also, the chief seat at the high table. [Obs.]

2. A platform slightly raised above the floor of a hall or large room, giving distinction to the table and seats placed upon it for the chief guests.

3. A canopy over the seat of a person of dignity. [Obs.] Shiply.

DAISIED Dai"sied, a.

Defn: Full of daisies; adorned with daisies. "The daisied green." Langhorne. The grass all deep and daisied. G. Eliot.

DAISY Dai"sy, n.; pl. Daisies. Etym: [OE. dayesye, AS. dæges day's eye, daisy. See Day, and Eye.] (Bot.) (a) A genus of low herbs (Bellis), belonging to the family Compositæ. The common English and classical daisy is B. prennis, which has a yellow disk and white or pinkish rays. (b) The whiteweed (Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum), the plant commonly called daisy in North America; -- called also oxeye daisy. See Whiteweed.

Note: The word daisy is also used for composite plants of other genera, as Erigeron, or fleabane. Michaelmas daisy (Bot.), any plant of the genus Aster, of which there are many species. -- Oxeye daisy (Bot.), the whiteweed. See Daisy (b).

DAK Dak, n. Etym: [Hind. .]

Defn: Post; mail; also, the mail or postal arrangements; -- spelt also dawk, and dauk. [India] Dak boat, a mail boat. Percy Smith. -- Dak bungalow, a traveler's rest-house at the and of a dak stage. -- To travel by dak, to travel by relays of palanquines or other carriage, as fast as the post along a road.

DAKER; DAKIR Da"ker, Da"kir, n. Etym: [See Dicker.] (O. Eng. & Scots Law)

Defn: A measure of certain commodities by number, usually ten or twelve, but sometimes twenty; as, a daker of hides consisted of ten skins; a daker of gloves of ten pairs. Burrill.

DAKER HEN Da"ker hen`. Etym: [Perh. fr. W. crecial the daker hen; crec a sharp noise (creg harsh, hoarse, crechian to scream) + iar hen; or cf. D. duiken to dive, plunge.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The corncrake or land rail.

DAKOIT; DAKOITY Da*koit", n., Da*koit"y, n.

Defn: See Dacoit, Dacoity.

DAKOTA GROUP Da*ko"ta group`. (Geol.)

Defn: A subdivision at the base of the cretaceous formation in Western North America; -- so named from the region where the strata were first studied.

DAKOTAS Da*ko"tas, n. pl.; sing. Dacota (. (Ethnol.)

Defn: An extensive race or stock of Indians, including many tribes, mostly dwelling west of the Mississippi River; -- also, in part, called Sioux. [Written also Dacotahs.]

DAL Dal, n. Etym: [Hind.]

Defn: Split pulse, esp. of Cajanus Indicus. [East Indies]

DALE Dale, n. Etym: [AS. dæl; akin to LG., D., Sw., Dan., OS., & Goth. dal, Icel. dalr, OHG. tal, G. thal, and perth. to Gr. a rotunda, Skr. dhara depth. Cf. Dell.]

1. A low place between hills; a vle or valley. Where mountaines rise, umbrageous dales descend. Thomson.

2. A trough or spout to carry off water, as from a pump. Knight.

DALESMAN Dales"man, n.; pl. Dalesmen (.

Defn: One living in a dale; -- a term applied particularly to the inhabitants of the valleys in the north of England, Norway, etc. Macaulay.

DALF Dalf,

Defn: imp. of Delve. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DALLES Dalles (dalz), n. pl. [F. dalle a tube, gutter, trough.]

Defn: A rapid, esp. one where the channel is narrowed between rock walls. [Northwestern U. S. & Canada]

The place below, where the compressed river wound like a silver thread among the flat black rocks, was the far-famed Dalles of the Columbia. F. H. Balch.

DALLIANCE Dal"li*ance, n. Etym: [From Dally.]

1. The act of dallying, trifling, or fondling; interchange of caresses; wanton play. Look thou be true, do not give dalliance Too mnch the rein. Shak. O, the dalliance and the wit, The flattery and the strifeTennyson.

2. Delay or procrastination. Shak.

3. Entertaining discourse. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DALLIER Dal"li*er, n.

Defn: One Who fondles; a trifler; as, dalliers with pleasant words. Asham.

DALLOP Dal"lop, n. Etym: [Etymol. unknown.]

Defn: A tuft or clump. [Obs.] Tusser.

DALLY Dal"ly, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dallied; p. pr. & vb. n. Dallying.] Etym: [OE. , dailien; cf. Icel. pylja to talk, G. dallen, dalen, dahlen, to trifle, talk nonsense, OSw. tule a droll or funny man; or AS. dol foolish, E. dull.]

1. To waste time in effeminate or voluptuous pleasures, or in idleness; to fool away time; to delay unnecessarily; to tarry; to trifle. We have trifled too long already; it is madness to dally any longer. Calamy. We have put off God, and dallied with his grace. Barrow.

2. To interchange caresses, especially with one of the opposite sex; to use fondling; to wanton; to sport. Not dallying with a brace of courtesans. Shak. Our aerie . . . dallies with the wind. Shak.

DALLY Dal"ly, v. t.

Defn: To delay unnecessarily; to while away. Dallying off the time with often skirmishes. Knolles.

DALMANIA Dal*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [From Dalman, the geologist.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of trilobites, of many species, common in the Upper Silurian and Devonian rocks.

DALMANITES Dal`ma*ni"tes, n.

Defn: Same as Dalmania.

DALMATIAN Dal*ma"tian, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Dalmatia. Dalmatian dog (Zoöl.), a carriage dog, shaped like a pointer, and having black or bluish spots on a white ground; the coach dog.

DALMATICA; DALMATIC Dal*mat"i*ca, n., Dal*mat"ic (, n. Etym: [LL. dalmatica: cf. F. dalmatique.]

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A vestment with wide sleeves, and with two stripes, worn at Mass by deacons, and by bishops at pontifical Mass; -- imitated from a dress originally worn in Dalmatia.

2. A robe worn on state ocasions, as by English kings at their coronation.

DAL SEGNO Dal` se"gno. Etym: [It., from the sign.] (Mus.)

Defn: A direction to go back to the sign Segno.

DALTONIAN Dal*to"ni*an, n.

Defn: One afflicted with color blindness.

DALTONISM Dal"ton*ism, n.

Defn: Inability to perceive or distinguish certain colors, esp. red; color blindness. It has various forms and degrees. So called from the chemist Dalton, who had this infirmity. Nichol.

DAM Dam, n. Etym: [OE. dame mistress, lady; also, mother, dam. See Dame.]

1. A female parent; -- used of beasts, especially of quadrupeds; sometimes applied in contempt to a human mother. Our sire and dam, now confined to horses, are a relic of this age (13th century) . . . .Dame is used of a hen; we now make a great difference between dame and dam. T. L. K. Oliphant. The dam runs lowing up end down, Looking the way her harmless young one went. Shak.

2. A kind or crowned piece in the game of draughts.

DAM Dam, n. Etym: [Akin to OLG., D., & Dan. dam, G. & Sw. damm, Icel. dammr, and AS. fordemman to stop up, Goth. Faúrdammjan.]

1. A barrier to prevent the flow of a liquid; esp., a bank of earth, or wall of any kind, as of masonry or wood, built across a water course, to confine and keep back flowing water.

2. (Metal.)

Defn: A firebrick wall, or a stone, which forms the front of the hearth of a blast furnace. Dam plate (Blast Furnace), an iron plate in front of the dam, to strengthen it.

DAM Dam, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dammed; p. pr. & vb. n. Damming.]

1. To obstruct or restrain the flow of, by a dam; to confine by constructing a dam, as a stream of water; -- generally used with in or up. I'll have the current in this place dammed up. Shak. A weight of earth that dams in the water. Mortimer.

2. To shut up; to stop up; to close; to restrain. The strait pass was dammed With dead men hurt behind, and cowards. Shak. To dam out, to keep out by means of a dam.

DAMAGE Dam"age, n. Etym: [OF. damage, domage, F. dommage, fr. assumed LL. damnaticum, from L. damnum damage. See Damn.]

1. Injury or harm to person, property, or reputation; an inflicted loss of value; detriment; hurt; mischief. He that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool cutteth off the feet and drinketh damage. Prov. xxvi. 6. Great errors and absurdities many commit for want of a friend to tell them of them, to the great damage both of their fame and fortune. Bacon.

2. pl. (Law)

Defn: The estimated reparation in money for detriment or injury sustained; a compensation, recompense, or satisfaction to one party, for a wrong or injury actually done to him by another.

Note: In common-law action, the jury are the proper judges of damages. Consequential damage. See under Consequential. -- Exemplary damages (Law), damages imposed by way of example to others. -- Nominal damages (Law), those given for a violation of a right where no actual loss has accrued. -- Vindictive damages, those given specially for the punishment of the wrongdoer.

Syn. -- Mischief; injury; harm; hurt; detriment; evil; ill. See Mischief.

DAMAGE Dam"age, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Damages; p. pr. & vb. n. Damaging.] Etym: [Cf. OF. damagier, domagier. See Damage, n.]

Defn: To ocassion damage to the soudness, goodness, or value of; to hurt; to injure; to impair. He . . . came up to the English admiral and gave him a broadside, with which he killed many of his men and damaged the ship. Clarendon.

DAMAGE Dam"age, v. i.

Defn: To receive damage or harm; to be injured or impaired in soudness or value; as. some colors in damage in sunlight.

DAMAGEABLE Dam"age*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. dammageable, for sense 2.]

1. Capable of being injured or impaired; liable to, or susceptible of, damage; as, a damageable cargo.

2. Hurtful; pernicious. [R.] That it be not demageable unto your royal majesty. Hakluit.

DAMAGE FEASANT Dam"age fea`sant. Etym: [OF. damage + F. faisant doing, p. pr. See Feasible.] (Law)

Defn: Doing injury; trespassing, as cattle. Blackstone.

DAMAN Da"man, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small herbivorous mammal of the genus Hyrax. The species found in Palestine and Syria is Hyrax Syriacus; that of Northern Africa is H. Brucei; -- called also ashkoko, dassy, and rock rabbit. See Cony, and Hyrax.

DAMAR Dam"ar, n.

Defn: See Dammar.

DAMARA Da*ma"ra, n. [The name is supposed to be from Hottentot dama vanquished.]

Defn: A native of Damaraland, German Southwest Africa. The Damaras include an important and warlike Bantu tribe, and the Hill Damaras, who are Hottentots and mixed breeds hostile to the Bantus.

DAMASCENE Dam"as*cene, a. Etym: [L. Damascenus of Damascus, fr. Damascus the city, Gr. . See Damask, and cf. Damaskeen, Damaskin, Damson.]

Defn: Of or relating to Damascus.

DAMASCENE Dam"as*cene, n.

Defn: A kind of plume, now called damson. See Damson.

DAMASCENE Dam"as*cene, v. t.

Defn: Same as Damask, or Damaskeen, v. t. "Damascened armor." Beaconsfield. "Cast and damascened steel." Ure.

DAMASCUS Da*mas"cus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A city of Syria. Damascus blade, a sword or scimiter, made chiefly at Damascus, having a variegated appearance of watering, and proverbial for excellence. -- Damascus iron, or Damascus twist, metal formed of thin bars or wires of iron and steel elaborately twisted and welded together; used for making gun barrels, etc., of high quality, in which the surface, when polished and acted upon by acid, has a damasc appearance. -- Damascus steel. See Damask steel, under Damask, a.

DAMASCUS STEEL Da*mas"cus steel.

Defn: See Damask steel, under Damask.

DAMASK Dam"ask, n. Etym: [From the city Damascus, L. Damascus, Gr. , Heb. Dammesq, Ar. Daemeshq; cf. Heb. d'meseq damask; cf. It. damasco, Sp. damasco, F. damas. Cf. Damascene, DamassÉ.]

1. Damask silk; silk woven with an elaborate pattern of flowers and the like. "A bed of ancient damask." W. Irving.

2. Linen so woven that a pattern in produced by the different directions of the thread, without contrast of color.

3. A heavy woolen or worsted stuff with a pattern woven in the same way as the linen damask; -- made for furniture covering and hangings.

4. Damask or Damascus steel; also, the peculiar markings or "water" of such steel.

5. A deep pink or rose color. Fairfax.

DAMASK Dam"ask, a.

1. Pertaining to, or originating at, the city of Damascus; resembling the products or manufactures of Damascus.

2. Having the color of the damask rose. But let concealment, like a worm i' the bud, Feed on her damask cheek. Shak. Damask color, a deep rose-color like that of the damask rose. -- Damask plum, a small dark-colored plum, generally called damson. -- Damask rose (Bot.), a large, pink, hardy, and very fragrant variety of rose (Rosa damascena) from Damascus. "Damask roses have not been known in England above one hundred years." Bacon. -- Damask steel, or Damascus steel, steel of the kind originally made at Damascus, famous for its hardness, and its beautiful texture, ornamented with waving lines; especially, that which is inlaid with damaskeening; -- formerly much valued for sword blades, from its great flexibility and tenacity.

DAMASK Dam"ask, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Damasked; p. pr. & vb. n. Damasking.]

Defn: To decorate in a way peculiar to Damascus or attributed to Damascus; particularly: (a) with flowers and rich designs, as silk; (b) with inlaid lines of gold, etc., or with a peculiar marking or "water," as metal. See Damaskeen. Mingled metal damasked o'er with gold. Dryde On the soft, downy bank, damasked with flowers. Milton.

DAMASKEEN; DAMASKEN Dam"as*keen`, Dam"as*ken, v. t. Etym: [F. damaschinare. See Damascene, v.]

Defn: To decorate, as iron, steel, etc., with a peculiar marking or "water" produced in the process of manufacture, or with designs produced by inlaying or incrusting with another metal, as silver or gold, or by etching, etc., to damask. Damaskeening is is partly mosaic work, partly engraving, and partly carving. Ure.

DAMASKIN Dam"as*kin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. damasquin, adj., It. damaschino, Sp. damasquino. See Damaskeen.]

Defn: A sword of Damask steel. No old Toledo blades or damaskins. Howell

DAMASSE Da*mas*sé", a. Etym: [F. damassé, fr. damas. See Damask.]

Defn: Woven like damask. -- n.

Defn: A damassé fabric, esp. one of linen.

DAMASSIN Dam"as*sin, n. Etym: [F., fr. damas. See Damask.]

Defn: A kind of modified damask or blocade.

DAMBONITE Dambo*nite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dambonite.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline, sugary substance obtained from an African caotchouc.

DAMBOSE Dam"bose, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline vari ety of fruit sugar obtained from dambonite.

DAME Dame, n. Etym: [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger, Dangeon, Dungeon, Dominie, Don, n., Duenna.]

1. A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. Then shall these lords do vex me half so much, As that proud dame, the lord protector's wife. Shak.

2. The mistress of a family in common life, or the mistress of a common school; as, a dame's school. In the dame's classes at the village school. Emerson.

3. A woman in general, esp. an elderly woman.

4. A mother; -- applied to human beings and quadrupeds. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DAMEWORT Dame"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A cruciferrous plant (Hesperis matronalis), remarkable for its fragrance, especially toward the close of the day; -- called also rocket and dame's violet. Loudon.

DAMIANA Da`mi*a"na, n. Etym: [NL.; of uncertain origin.] (Med.)

Defn: A Mexican drug, used as an aphrodisiac.

Note: There are several varieties derived from different plants, esp. from a species of Turnera and from Bigelovia veneta. Wood & Bache.

DAMIANIST Da"mi*an*ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Damian, patriarch of Alexandria in the 6th century, who held heretical opinions on the doctrine of the Holy Trinity.

DAMMAR; DAMMARA Dam"mar, Dam"ma*ra, n. Etym: [Jav. & Malay. damar.]

Defn: An oleoresin used in making varnishes; dammar gum; dammara resin. It is obtained from certain resin trees indigenous to the East Indies, esp. Shorea robusta and the dammar pine. Dammar pine, (Bot.), a tree of the Moluccas (Agathis, or Dammara, orientalis), yielding dammar.

DAMMARA Dam"ma*ra, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A large tree of the order Coniferæ, indigenous to the East Indies and Australasia; -- called also Agathis. There are several species.

DAMN Damn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Damned; p. pr. & vb. n. Damning.] Etym: [OE. damnen dap), OF. damner, dampner, F. damner, fr. L. damnare, damnatum, to condemn, fr. damnum damage, a fine, penalty. Cf. Condemn, Damage.]

1. To condemn; to declare guilty; to doom; to adjudge to punishment; to sentence; to censhure. He shall not live; look, with a spot I damn him. Shak.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: To doom to punishment in the future world; to consign to perdition; to curse.

3. To condemn as bad or displeasing, by open expression, as by denuciation, hissing, hooting, etc. You are not so arrant a critic as to damn them [the works of modern poets] . . . without hearing. Pope. Damn with faint praise, assent with civil leer, And without sneering teach the rest to sneer. Pope.

Note: Damn is sometimes used interjectionally, imperatively, and intensively.

DAMN Damn, v. i.

Defn: To invoke damnation; to curse. "While I inwardly damn." Goldsmith.

DAMNABILITY Dam`na*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being damnable; damnableness. Sir T. More.

DAMNABLE Dam"na*ble, a. Etym: [L. damnabilis, fr. damnare: cf. F. damnable. See Damn.]

1. Liable to damnation; deserving, or for which one deserves, to be damned; of a damning nature. A creature unprepared unmeet for dealth, And to transport him in the mind hi is, Were damnable. Shak.

2. Odious; pernicious; detestable. Begin, murderer; . . . leave thy damnable faces. Shak.

DAMNABLENESS Dam"na*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of deserving damnation; execrableness. The damnableness of this most execrable impiety. Prynne.

DAMNABLY Dam"na*bly, adv.

1. In a manner to incur sever

2. Odiously; detestably; excessively. [Low]

DAMNATION Dam*na"tion, n. Etym: [F. damnation, L. damnatio, fr. damnare. See Damn.]

1. The state of being damned; condemnation; openly expressed disapprobation.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: Condemnation to everlasting punishment in the future state, or the punishment itself. How can ye escape the damnation of hell Matt. xxiii. 33. Wickedness is sin, and sin is damnation. Shak.

3. A sin daserving of everlasting punishment. [R.] The deep damnation of his taking-off. Shak.

DAMNATORY Dam"na*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. damnatorius, fr. damnator a condemner.]

Defn: Doo "Damnatory invectives." Hallam.

DAMNED Damned, a.

1. Sentenced to punishment in a future state; condemned; consigned to perdition.

2. Hateful; detestable; abominable. But, O, what damned minutes tells he o'er Who doats, yet doubts, suspects, yet strongly loves. Shak.

DAMNIFIC Dam*nif"ic, a. Etym: [L. damnificus; damnum damage, loss + facere to make. See Damn.]

Defn: Procuring or causing loss; mischievous; injurious.

DAMNIFICATION Dam`ni*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [LL. damnificatio.]

Defn: That which causes damage or loss.

DAMNIFY Dam"ni*fy, v. t. Etym: [LL. damnificare, fr. L. damnificus: cf. OF. damnefier. See Damnific.]

Defn: To cause loss or damage to; to injure; to imparir. [R.] This work will ask as many more officials to make expurgations and expunctions, that the commonwealth of learning be not damnified. Milton.

DAMNING Damn"ing, a.

Defn: That damns; damnable; as, damning evidence of guilt.

DAMNINGNESS Damn"ing*ness, n.

Defn: Tendency to bring damnation. "The damningness of them [sins]." Hammond.

DAMNUM dam"num, n. Etym: [L.] (law)

Defn: Harm; detriment, either to character or property.

DAMOSEL; DAMOSELLA; DAMOISELLE Dam"o*sel, Dam`o*sel"la, Da`moi`selle", n.

Defn: See Damsel. [Archaic]

DAMOURITE Dam"our*ite, n. Etym: [Ater the French chemist Damour.] (Min.)

Defn: A kind of Muscovite, or potash mica, containing water.

DAMP Damp, n. Etym: [Akin to LG., D., & Dan. damp vapor, steam, fog, G. dampf, Icel. dampi, Sw. damb dust, and to MNG. dimpfen to smoke, imp. dampf.]

1. Moisture; humidity; fog; fogginess; vapor. Night . . . with black air Accompanied, with damps and dreadful gloom. Milton.

2. Dejection; depression; cloud of the mind. Even now, while thus I stand blest in thy presence, A secret damp of grief comes o'er my soul. Addison. It must have thrown a damp over your autumn excursion. J. D. Forbes.

3. (Mining)

Defn: A gaseous prodact, formed in coal mines, old wells, pints, etc. Choke damp, a damp consisting principally of carboniCarbonic acid, under Carbonic. -- Damp sheet, a curtain in a mine gallery to direct air currents and prevent accumulation of gas. -- Fire damp, a damp consisting chiefly of light carbureted hydrogen; -- so called from its tendence to explode when mixed with atmospheric air and brought into contact with flame.

DAMP Damp, a. [Compar. Damper; superl. Dampest.]

1. Being in a state between dry and wet; moderately wet; moist; humid. O'erspread with a damp sweat and holy fear. Dryden.

2. Dejected; depressed; sunk. [R.] All these and more came flocking, but with looks Downcast and damp. Milton.

DAMP Damp, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Damped; p. pr. & vb. n. Damping.] Etym: [OE. dampen to choke, suffocate. See Damp, n.]

1. To render damp; to moisten; to make humid, or moderately wet; to dampen; as, to damp cloth.

2. To put out, as fire; to depress or deject; to deaden; to cloud; to check or restrain, as action or vigor; to make dull; to weaken; to discourage. "To damp your tender hopes." Akenside. Usury dulls and damps all industries, improvements, and new inventions, wherein money would be stirring if it were not for this slug. Bacon. How many a day has been damped and darkened by an angry word! Sir J. Lubbock. The failure of his enterprise damped the spirit of the soldiers. Macaulay.

DAMPEN Damp"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dampened; p. pr. & vb. n. Dampening.]

1. To make damp or moist; to make slightly wet.

2. To depress; to check; to make dull; to lessen. In a way that considerably dampened our enthusiasm. The Century.

DAMPEN Damp"en, v. i.

Defn: To become damp; to deaden. Byron.

DAMPER Damp"er, n.

Defn: That which damps or checks; as: (a) A valve or movable plate in the flue or other part of a stove, furnace, etc., used to check or regulate the draught of air. (b) A contrivance, as in a pianoforte, to deaden vibrations; or, as in other pieces of mechanism, to check some action at a particular time. Nor did Sabrina's presence seem to act as any damper at the modest little festivities. W. Black.

DAMPISH Damp"ish, a.

Defn: Moderately damp or moist. -- Damp"ish*ly, adv. -- Damp"ish*ness, n.

DAMPNE Damp"ne, v. t.

Defn: To damn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DAMPNESS Damp"ness, n.

Defn: Moderate humidity; moisture; fogginess; moistness.

DAMP OFF Damp" off`.

Defn: To decay and perish through excessive moisture.

DAMPY Damp"y, a.

1. Somewhat damp. [Obs.] Drayton.

2. Dejected; gloomy; sorrowful. [Obs.] "Dispel dampy throughts." Haywards.

DAMSEL Dam"sel, n. Etym: [OE. damosel, damesel, damisel, damsel, fr. OF. damoisele, damisele, gentlewoman, F. demoiselle young lady; cf. OF. damoisel young nobleman, F. damoiseau; fr. LL. domicella, dominicella, fem., domicellus, dominicellus, masc., dim. fr. L. domina, dominus. See Dame, and cf. Demoiselle, Doncella.]

1. A young person, either male or female, of noble or gentle extraction; as, Damsel Pepin; Damsel Richard, Prince of Wales. [Obs.]

2. A young unmarried woman; a gerl; a maiden. With her train of damsels she was gone, In shady walks the scorching heat to shum. Dryden. Sometimes a troop of damsels glad, . . . Goes by to towered Cameleot. Tennyson.

3. (Milling)

Defn: An attachment to a millstone spindle for shaking the hoppe

DAMSON Dam"son, n. Etym: [OE. damasin the Damascus plum, fr. L. Damascenus. See Damascene.]

Defn: A small oval plum of a blue color, the fruit of a variety of the Prunus domestica; -- called also damask plum.

DAN Dan, n. Etym: [OE. dan, danz, OF. danz (prop. only nom.), dan, master, fr. L. dominus. See Dame.]

Defn: A title of honor equivalent to master, or sir. [Obs.] Old Dan Geoffry, in gently spright The pure wellhead of poetry did dwell. Spenser. What time Dan Abraham left the Chaldee land. Thomson.

DAN Dan, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Mining)

Defn: A small truck or sledge used in coal mines.

DANAIDE Da"na*ide, n. Etym: [From the mythical Danaides, who were condemned to fill with water a vessel full of holes.] (Mach.)

Defn: A water wheel having a vertical axis, and an inner and outer tapering shell, between which are vanes or floats attached usually to both shells, but sometimes only to one.

DANAITE Da"na*ite, n. Etym: [Named after J. Freeman Dana.] (Min.)

Defn: A cobaltiferous variety of arsenopyrite.

DANALITE Da"na*lite, n. Etym: [Named after James Dwight Dana.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral occuring in octahedral crystals, also massive, of a reddish color. It is a silicate of iron, zinc manganese, and glicinum, containing sulphur.

DANBURITE Dan"bu*rite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A borosilicate of lime, first found at Danbury, Conn. It is near the topaz in form. Dana.

DANCE Dance, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Danced; p. pr. & vb. n. Dancing.] Etym: [F. danser, fr. OHG. dans to draw; akin to dinsan to draw, Goth. apinsan, and prob. from the same root (meaning to stretch) as E. thin. See Thin.]

1. To move with measured steps, or to a musical accompaniment; to go through, either alone or in company with others, with a regulated succession of movements, (commonly) to the sound of music; to trip or leap rhytmically. Jack shall pipe and Gill shall dance. Wiher. Good shepherd, what fair swain is this Which dances with your dauther Shak.

2. To move nimbly or merrily; to express pleasure by motion; to caper; to frisk; to skip about. Then, 'tis time to dance off. Thackeray. More dances my rapt heart Than when I first my wedded mistress saw. Shak. Shadows in the glassy waters dance. Byron. Where rivulets dance their wayward round. Wordsworth. To dance on a rope, or To dance on nothing, to be hanged.

DANCE Dance, v. t.

Defn: To cause to dance, or move nimbly or merrily about, or up and down; to dandle. To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind. Shak. Thy grandsire loved thee well; Many a time he danced thee on his knee. Shak. To dance attendance, to come and go obsequiously; to be or remain in waiting, at the beck and call of another, with a view to please or gain favor. A man of his place, and so near our favor, To dance attendance on their lordships' pleasure. Shak.

DANCE Dance, n. Etym: [F. danse, of German origin. See Dance, v. i.]

1. The leaping, tripping, or measured stepping of one who dances; an amusement, in which the movements of the persons are regulated by art, in figures and in accord with music.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A tune by which dancing is regulated, as the minuet, the waltz, the cotillon, etc.

Note: The word dance was used ironically, by the older writers, of many proceedings besides dancing. Of remedies of love she knew parchance For of that art she couth the olde dance. Chaucer. Dance of Death (Art), an allegorical representation of the power of death over all, -- the old, the young, the high, and the low, being led by a dancing skeleton. -- Morris dance. See Morris. -- To lead one a dance, to cause one to go through a series of movements or experiences as if guided by a partner in a dance not understood.

DANCER Dan"cer, n.

Defn: One who dances or who practices dancing. The merry dancers, beams of the northern lights when they rise and fall alternately without any considerable change of length. See Aurora borealis, under Aurora.

DANCERESS Dan"cer*ess, n.

Defn: A female dancer. [Obs.] Wyclif.

DANCETTE Dan`cet`té", a. Etym: [Cf. F. danché dancetté, dent tooth.] (Her.)

Defn: Deeply indented; having large teeth; thus, a fess dancetté has only three teeth in the whole width of the escutcheon.

DANCING Dan"cing, p. a. & vb. n.

Defn: from Dance. Dancing girl, one of the women in the East Indies whose profession is to dance in the temples, or for the amusement of spectators. There are various classes of dancing girls. -- Dancing master, a teacher of dancing. -- Dancing school, a school or place where dancing is taught.

DANCY Dan"cy, a. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Dancetté.

DANDELION Dan"de*li`on, n. Etym: [F. dent de lion lion's tooth, fr. L. dens tooth + leo lion. See Tooth, n., and Lion.] (Bot.)

Defn: A well-known plant of the genus Taraxacum (T. officinale, formerly called T. Dens-leonis and Leontodos Taraxacum) bearing large, yellow, compound flowers, and deeply notched leaves.

DANDER Dan"der, n. Etym: [Corrupted from dandruff.]

1. Dandruff or scurf on the head.

2. Anger or vexation; rage [Low] Halliwell.

DANDER Dan"der, v. i. Etym: [See Dandle.]

Defn: To wander about; to saunter; to talk incoherently. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DANDI Dan"di, n. Etym: [Hind. , fr. an oar.]

Defn: A boatman; an oarsman. [India]

DANDIE Dan"die, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a breed of small terriers; -- called also Dandie Dinmont.

DANDIE DINMONT; DANDIE Dan"die Din"mont, or Dan"die, n.

1.

Defn: In Scott's "Guy Mannering", a Border farmer of eccentric but fine character, who owns two terriers claimed to be the progenitors of the Dandie Dinmont terriers.

2. One of a breed of terriers with short legs, long body, and rough coat, originating in the country about the English and Scotch border.

DANDIFIED Dan"di*fied, a.

Defn: Made up like a dandy; having the dress or manners of a dandy; buckish.

DANDIFY Dan"di*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dandified; p. pr. & vb. n. Dandifying.] Etym: [Dandy + -fy.]

Defn: To cause to resemble a dandy; to make dandyish.

DANDIPRAT Dan"di*prat, n. Etym: [Dandy + brat child.]

1. A little fellow; -- in sport or contempt. "A dandiprat hop-thumb." Stanyhurst.

2. A small coin. Henry VII. stamped a small coin called dandiprats. Camden.

DANDLE Dan"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dandled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dandling.] Etym: [Cf. G. dändeln to trifly, dandle, OD. & Prov. G. danten, G. tand trifly, prattle; Scot. dandill, dander, to go about idly, to trifly.]

1. To move up and down on one's knee or in one's arms, in affectionate play, as an infant. Ye shall be dandled . . . upon her knees. Is.

2. To treat with fondness, as if a child; to fondle; to toy with; to pet. They have put me in a silk gown and gaudy fool's cap; I as ashamed to be dandled thus. Addison. The book, thus dandled into popularity by bishops and good ladies, contained many pieces of nursery eloquence. Jeffrey.

3. To play with; to put off or delay by trifles; to wheedle. [Obs.] Captains do so dandle their doings, and dally in the service, as it they would not have the enemy subdued. Spenser.

DANDLER Dan"dler, n.

Defn: One who dandles or fondles.

DANDRIFF Dan"driff, n.

Defn: See Dandruff. Swift.

DANDRUFF Dandruff, n. Etym: [Prob. from W. toncrust, peel, skin + AS. dr dirty, draffy, or W. drwg bad: cf. AS. tan a letter, an eruption. sq. root240.]

Defn: A scurf which forms on the head, and comes off in small or

## particles. [Written also dandriff.]

DANDY Dan"dy, n.; pl. Dandies. Etym: [Cf. F. dandin, ninny, silly fellow, dandiner to waddle, to play the fool; prob. allied to E. dandle. Senses 2&3 are of uncertain etymol.]

1. One who affects special finery or gives undue attention to dress; a fop; a coxcomb.

2. (Naut.) (a) A sloop or cutter with a jigger on which a lugsail is set. (b) A small sail carried at or near the stern of small boats; -- called also jigger, and mizzen.

3. A dandy roller. See below. Dandy brush, a yard whalebone brush. -- Dandy fever. See Dengue. -- Dandy line, a kind of fishing line to which are attached several crosspieces of whalebone which carry a hook at each end. -- Dandy roller, a roller sieve used in machines for making paper, to press out water from the pulp, and set the paper.

DANDY-COCK; DANDY-HEN Dan"dy-cock` (, n. masc., Dan"dy-hen` (, n. fem. Etym: [See Dandy.]

Defn: A bantam fowl.

DANDYISE; DANDYIZE Dan"dy*ise, v. t. & i.

Defn: To make, or to act, like a dandy; to dandify.

DANDYISH Dan"dy*ish, a.

Defn: Like a dandy.

DANDYISM Dan"dy*ism, n.

Defn: The manners and dress of a dandy; foppishness. Byron.

DANDYLING Dan"dy*ling, n. Etym: [Dandy + .]

Defn: A little or insignificant dandy; a contemptible fop.

DANE Dane, n. Etym: [LL. Dani: cf. AS. Dene.]

Defn: A native, or a naturalized inhabitant, of Denmark. Great Dane. (Zoöl.) See Danish dog, under Danish.

DANEGELD; DANEGELT Dane"geld`, Dane"gelt`, n. Etym: [AS. danegeld. See Dane, and Geld, n.] (Eng. Hist.)

Defn: An annual tax formerly laid on the English nation to buy off the ravages of Danish invaders, or to maintain forces to oppose them. It afterward became a permanent tax, raised by an assessment, at first of one shilling, afterward of two shillings, upon every hide of land throughout the realm. Wharton's Law Dict. Tomlins.

DANEWORT Dane"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A fetid European species of elder (Sambucus Ebulus); dwarf elder; wallwort; elderwort; -- called also Daneweed, Dane's weed, and Dane's-blood.

Note: [Said to grow on spots where battles were fought against the Danes.]

DANG Dang,

Defn: imp. of Ding. [Obs.]

DANG Dang, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Ding.]

Defn: To dash. [Obs.] Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage, Danged down to hell her loathsome carriage. Marlowe.

DANGER Dan"ger, n. Etym: [OE. danger, daunger, power, arrogance, refusal, difficulty, fr. OF. dagier, dongier (with same meaning), F. danger danger, fr. an assumed LL. dominiarium power, authority, from L. dominium power, property. See Dungeon, Domain, Dame.]

1. Authority; jurisdiction; control. [Obs.] In dangerhad he . . . the young girls. Chaucer.

2. Power to harm; subjection or liability to penalty. [Obs.] See In one's danger, below. You stand within his danger, do you not Shak. Covetousness of gains hath brought [them] in dangerof this statute. Robynson (More's Utopia).

3. Exposure to injury, loss, pain, or other evil; peril; risk; insecurity.

4. Difficulty; sparingness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

5. Coyness; disdainful behavior. [Obs.] Chaucer. In one's danger, in one's power; liable to a penalty to be inflicted by him. [Obs.] This sense is retained in the proverb, "Out of debt out of danger." Those rich man in whose debt and danger they be not. Robynson (More's Utopia). -- To do danger, to cause danger. [Obs.] Shak.

Syn. -- Peril; hazard; risk; jeopardy. -- Danger, Peril, Hazard, Risk, Jeopardy. Danger is the generic term, and implies some contingent evil in prospect. Peril is instant or impending danger; as, in peril of one's life. Hazard arises from something fortuitous or beyond our control; as, the hazard of the seas. Risk is doubtful or uncertain danger, often incurred voluntarily; as, to risk an engagement. Jeopardy is extreme danger. Danger of a contagious disease; the perils of shipwreck; the hazards of speculation; the risk of daring enterprises; a life brought into jeopardy.

DANGER Dan"ger, v. t.

Defn: To endanger. [Obs.] Shak.

DANGERFUL Dan"ger*ful, a.

Defn: Full of danger; dangerous. [Obs.] -- Dan"ger*ful*ly, adv. [Obs.] Udall.

DANGERLESS Dan"ger*less, a.

Defn: Free from danger. [R.]

DANGEROUS Dan"ger*ous, a. Etym: [OE., haughty, difficult, dangerous, fr. OF. dangereus, F. dangereux. See Danger.]

1. Attended or beset with danger; full of risk; perilous; hazardous; unsafe. Our troops set forth to-morrow; stay with us; The ways are dangerous. Shak. It is dangerous to assert a negative. Macaulay.

2. Causing danger; ready to do harm or injury. If they incline to think you dangerous To less than gods. Milton.

3. In a condition of danger, as from illness; threatened with death. [Colloq.] Forby. Bartlett.

4. Hard to suit; difficult to please. [Obs.] My wages ben full strait, and eke full small; My lord to me is hard and dangerous. Chaucer.

5. Reserved; not affable. [Obs.] "Of his speech dangerous." Chaucer. -- Dan"ger*ous*ly, adv. -- Dan"ger*ous*ness, n.

DANGLE Dan"gle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dangled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dangling.] Etym: [Akin to Dan. dangle, dial. Sw. dangla, Dan. dingle, Sw. dingla, Icel. dingla; perh. from E. ding.]

Defn: To hang loosely, or with a swinging or jerking motion. he'd rather on a gibbet dangle Than miss his dear delight, to wrangle. Hudibras. From her lifted hand Dangled a length of ribbon. Tennyson. To dangle about or after, to hang upon importunately; to court the favor of; to beset. The Presbyterians, and other fanatics that dangle after them, are well inclined to pull down the present establishment. Swift.

DANGLE Dan"gle, v. t.

Defn: To cause to dangle; to swing, as something suspended loosely; as, to dangle the feet. And the bridegroom stood dangling his bonnet and plume. Sir W. Scott.

DANGLEBERRY Dan"gle*ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A dark blue, edible berry with a white bloom, and its shrub (Gaylussacia frondosa) closely allied to the common huckleberry. The bush is also called blue tangle, and is found from New England to Kentucky, and southward.

DANGLER Dan"gler, n.

Defn: One who dangles about or after others, especially after women; a trifler. " Danglers at toilets." Burke.

DANIEL Dan"i*el, n.

Defn: A Hebrew prophet distinguished for sagacity and ripeness of judgment in youth; hence, a sagacious and upright judge. A Daniel come to judgment. Shak.

DANISH Dan"ish, a. Etym: [See Dane.]

Defn: Belonging to the Danes, or to their language or country. -- n.

Defn: The language of the Danes. Danish dog (Zoöl.), one of a large and powerful breed of dogs reared in Denmark; -- called also great Dane. See Illustration in Appendix.

DANITE Dan"ite, n.

1. A descendant of Dan; an Israelite of the tribe of Dan. Judges xiii. 2.

2. Etym: [So called in remembrance of the prophecy in Gen. xlix. 17, "Dan shall be a serpent by the way," etc.]

Defn: One of a secret association of Mormons, bound by an oath to obey the heads of the church in all things. [U. S.]

DANK Dank, a. Etym: [Cf. dial, Sw. dank a moist place in a field, Icel. dökk pit, pool; possibly akin to E. damp or to daggle dew.]

Defn: Damp; moist; humid; wet. Now that the fields are dank and ways are mire. Milton. Cheerless watches on the cold, dank ground. Trench.

DANK Dank, n.

Defn: Moisture; humidity; water. [Obs.]

DANK Dank, n.

Defn: A small silver coin current in Persia.

DANKISH Dank"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat dank. -- Dank"ish*ness, n. In a dark and dankish vault at home. Shak.

DANNEBROG Dan"ne*brog, n.

Defn: The ancient battle standard of Denmark, bearing figures of cross and crown. Order of Dannebrog, an ancient Danish order of knighthood.

DANSEUSE Dan`seuse", n. Etym: [F., fr. danser to dance.]

Defn: a professional female dancer; a woman who dances at a public exhibition as in a ballet.

DANSK Dansk, a. Etym: [Dan.]

Defn: Danish. [Obs.]

DANSKER Dansk"er, n.

Defn: A Dane. [Obs.] Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris. Shak.

DANTEAN Dan*te"an, a.

Defn: Relatingto, emanating from or resembling, the poet Dante or his writings.

DANTESQUE Dan*tesque", a. Etym: [Cf. It. Dantesco.]

Defn: Dantelike; Dantean. Earle.

DANUBIAN Da*nu"bi*an, a.

Defn: Pertainingto, or bordering on, the river Danube.

DAP Dap, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Dip.] (Angling)

Defn: To drop the bait gently on the surface of the water. To catch a club by dapping with a grasshoper. Walton.

DAPATICAL Da*pat"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. dapaticus, fr. daps feast.]

Defn: Sumptuous in cheer. [Obs.] Bailey.

DAPHNE Daph"ne, n. Etym: [L., a laurel tree, from Gr. .]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of diminutive Shrubs, mostly evergreen, and with fragrant blossoms.

2. (Myth.)

Defn: A nymph of Diana, fabled to have been changed into a laurel tree.

DAPHNETIN Daph"ne*tin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless crystalline substance, C9H6O4, extracted from daphnin.

DAPHNIA Daph"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of the genus Daphnia.

DAPHNIN Daph"nin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. daphnine.] (Chem.) (a) A dark green bitter resin extracted from the mezereon (Daphne mezereum) and regarded as the essential principle of the plant. [R.] (b) A white, crystalline, bitter substance, regarded as a glucoside, and extracted from Daphne mezereum and D. alpina.

DAPHNOMANCY Daph"no*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. da`fnh the laurel + -mancy.]

Defn: Divination by means of the laurel.

DAPIFER Dap"i*fer, n. Etym: [L., daps a feast + ferre to bear.]

Defn: One who brings meat to the table; hence, in some countries, the official title of the grand master or steward of the king's or a nobleman's household.

DAPPER Dap"per, a. Etym: [OE. daper; prob. fr. D. dapper brave, valiant; akin to G. tapfer brave, OHG. taphar heavy, weighty, OSlav. dobrû good, Russ. dobrui. Cf. Deft.]

Defn: Little and active; spruce; trim; smart; neat in dress or appearance; lively. He wondered how so many provinces could be held in subjection by such a dapper little man. Milton. The dapper ditties that I wont devise. Spenser. Sharp-nosed, dapper steam yachts. Julian Hawthorne.

DAPPERLING Dap"per*ling, n.

Defn: A dwarf; a dandiprat. [r.]

DAPPLE Dap"ple, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. depill a spot, a dot, a dog with spots over the eyes, dapi a pool, and E. dimple.]

Defn: One of the spots on a dappled animal. He has . . . as many eyes on his body as my gray mare hath dapples. Sir P. Sidney.

DAPPLE; DAPPLED Dap"ple, Dap"pled, a.

Defn: Marked with spots of different shades of color; spotted; variegated; as, a dapple horse. Some dapple mists still floated along the peaks. Sir W. Scott.

Note: The word is used in composition to denote that some color is variegated or marked with spots; as, dapple-bay; dapple-gray. His steed was all dapple-gray. Chaucer. O, swiftly can speed my dapple-gray steed. Sir W. Scott.

DAPPLE Dap"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dappled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dappling.]

Defn: To variegate with spots; to spot. The gentle day, . . . Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray. Shak. The dappled pink and blushing rose. Prior.

DARBIES Dar"bies, n. pl.

Defn: Manacles; handcuffs. [Cant] Jem Clink will fetch you the darbies. Sir W. Scott.

Note: In "The Steel Glass" by Gascoigne, printed in 1576, occurs the line "To binde such babes in father Derbies bands."

DARBY Dar"by, n.

Defn: A plasterer's float, having two handles; -- used in smoothing ceilings, etc.

DARBYITE Dar"by*ite, n.

Defn: One of the Plymouth Brethren, or of a sect among them; -- so called from John N. Darby, one of the leaders of the Brethren.

DARDANIAN Dar*da"ni*an, a. & n.Etym: [From L. Dardania, poetic name of Troy.]

Defn: Trojan.

DARE Dare, v. i. [imp. Durst or Dared (; p. p. Dared; p. pr. & vb. n. Daring.] Etym: [OE. I dar, dear, I dare, imp. dorste, durste, AS. ic dear I dare, imp. dorste. inf. durran; akin to OS. gidar, gidorsta, gidurran, OHG. tar, torsta, turran, Goth. gadar, gadaúrsta, Gr. tharsei^n, tharrei^n, to be bold, tharsy`s bold, Skr. Dhrsh to be bold. sq. root70.]

Defn: To have adequate or sufficient courage for any purpose; to be bold or venturesome; not to be afraid; to venture. I dare do all that may become a man; Who dares do more is none. Shak. Why then did not the ministers use their new law Bacause they durst not, because they could not. Macaulay. Who dared to sully her sweet love with suspicion. Thackeray. The tie of party was stronger than the tie of blood, because a

## partisan was more ready to dare without asking why. Jowett (Thu

Note: The present tense, I dare, is really an old past tense, so that the third person is he dare, but the form he dares is now often used, and will probably displace the obsolescent he dare, through grammatically as incorrect as he shalls or he cans. Skeat. The pore dar plede (the poor man dare plead). P. Plowman. You know one dare not discover you. Dryden. The fellow dares nopt deceide me. Shak. Here boldly spread thy hands, no venom'd weed Dares blister them, no slimly snail dare creep. Beau. & Fl.

Note: Formerly durst was also used as the present. Sometimes the old form dare is found for durst or dared.

DARE Dare, v. y. [imp. & p. p. Dared; p. pr. & vb. n. Daring.]

1. To have courage for; to attempt courageously; to venture to do or to undertake. What high concentration of steady feeling makes men dare every thing and do anything Bagehot. To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its solitudes. The Century.

2. To challenge; to provoke; to defy. Time, I dare thee to discover Such a youth and such a lover. Dryden.

DARE Dare, n.

1. The quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness; dash. [R.] It lends a luster . . . A large dare to our great enterprise. Shak.

2. Defiance; challenge. Childish, unworthy dares Are not enought to part our powers. Chapman. Sextus Pompeius Hath given the dare to Cæsar. Shak.

DARE Dare, v. i. Etym: [OE. darien, to lie hidden, be timid.]

Defn: To lurk; to lie hid. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DARE Dare, v. t.

Defn: To terrify; to daunt. [Obs.] For I have done those follies, those mad mischiefs, Would dare a woman. Beau. & Fl. To dare larks, to catch them by producing terror through to use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so that they lie still till a net is thrown over them. Nares.

DARE Dare, n. Etym: [See Dace.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small fish; the dace.

DARE-DEVIL Dare"-dev`il, n.

Defn: A reckless fellow. Also used adjectively; as, dare-devil excitement. A humorous dare-devil -- the very man To suit my prpose. Ld. Lytton.

DARE-DEVILTRY Dare"-dev`il*try, n; pl. Dare-deviltries (.

Defn: Reckless mischief; the action of a dare-devil.

DAREFUL Dare"ful, a.

Defn: Full af daring or of defiance; adveturous. [R.] Shak.

DARER Dar"er, n.

Defn: One who dares or defies.

DARG; DARGUE Darg, Dargue, n. Etym: [Scot., contr. fr. day work.]

Defn: A day's work; also, a fixed amount of work, whether more or less than that of a day. [Local, Eng. & Scott]

DARIC Dar"ic, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Antiq.) (a) A gold coin of ancient Persia, weighing usually a little more than 128 grains, and bearing on one side of the figure of an archer. (b) A silver coin of about 86 grains, having the figure of an archer, and hence, in modern times, called a daric.

2. Any very pure gold coin.

DARING Dar"ing, n.

Defn: Boldness; fearlessness; adventurousness; also, a daring act.

DARING Dar"ing, a.

Defn: Bold; fearless; adventurous; as, daring spirits. -- Dar"ing*ly, adv. -- Dar"ing*ness, n.

DARIOLE Da`ri*ole", n. [F.]

1. A crustade. [Obs.]

2. A shell or cup of pastry filled with custard, whipped cream, crushed macaroons, etc.

DARK Dark, a. Etym: [OE. dark, derk, deork, AS. dearc, deorc; cf. Gael. & Ir. dorch, dorcha, dark, black, dusky.]

1. Destitute, or partially destitute, of light; not receiving, reflecting, or radiating light; wholly or partially black, or of some deep shade of color; not light-colored; as, a dark room; a dark day; dark cloth; dark paint; a dark complexion. O dark, dark, dark, amid the blaze of noon, Irrecoverable dark, total eclipse Without all hope of day! milton. In the dark and silent grave. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Not clear to the understanding; not easily The dark problems of existence. Shairp. What may seem dark at the first, will afterward be found more plain. Hooker. What's your dark meaning, mouse, of this light word Shak.

3. Destitute of knowledge and culture; in moral or intellectual darkness; unrefined; ignorant. The age wherin he lived was dark, but he Cobld not want light who taught the world oto see. Denhan. The tenth century used to be reckoned by mediæval historians as the darkest part of this intellectual night. Hallam.

4. Evincing blaxk or foul traits of character; vile; wicked; atrocious; as, a dark villain; a dark deed. Left him at large to his own dark designs. Milton.

5. Foreboding evil; gloomy; jealous; suspicious. More dark and dark our woes. Shak. A deep melancholy took possesion of him, and gave a dark tinge to all his views of human nature. Macaulay. There is, in every true woman-s heart, a spark of heavenly fire, which beams and blazes in the dark hour of adversity. W. Irving.

6. Deprived of sight; blind. [Obs.] He was, I think, at this time quite dark, and so had been for some years. Evelyn.

Note: Dark is sometimes used to qualify another adjective; as, dark blue, dark green, and sometimes it forms the first part of a compound; as, dark-haired, dark-eyed, dark-colored, dark-seated, dark-working. A dark horse, in racing or politics, a horse or a candidate whose chances of success are not known, and whose capabilities have not been made the subject of general comment or of wagers. [Colloq.] -- Dark house, Dark room, a house or room in which madmen were confined. [Obs.] Shak. -- Dark lantern. See Lantern. -- The Dark Ages, a period of stagnation and obscurity in literature and art, lasting, according to Hallam, nearly 1000 years, from about 500 to about 1500 A. D.. See Middle Ages, under Middle. -- The Dark and Bloody Ground, a phrase applied to the State of Kentucky, and said to be the significance of its name, in allusion to the frequent wars that were waged there between Indians. -- The dark day, a day (May 19, 1780) when a remarkable and unexplained darkness extended over all New England. -- To keep dark, to reveal nothing. [Low]

DARK Dark, n.

1. Absence of light; darkness; obscurity; a place where there is little or no light. Here stood he in the dark, his sharp sword out. Shak.

2. The condition of ignorance; gloom; secrecy. Look, what you do, you do it still i' th' dark. Shak. Till we perceive by our own understandings, we are as mucdark, and as void of knowledge, as before. Locke.

3. (Fine Arts)

Defn: A dark shade or dark passage in a painting, engraving, or the like; as, the light and darks are well contrasted. The lights may serve for a repose to the darks, and the darks to the lights. Dryden.

DARK Dark, v. t.

Defn: To darken to obscure. [Obs.] Milton.

DARKEN Dark"en, v. t. [Imp. & p. p. Darkened; p. pr. & vb. n. Darkening.] Etym: [AS. deorcian. See Dark, a.]

1. To make dark or black; to deprite of light; to obscure; as, a darkened room. They [locusts] covered the face of the whole earth, so that the land was darkened. Ex. x. 15. So spake the Sovran Voice; and clouds began To darken all the hill. Milton.

2. To render dim; to deprive of vision. Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not see. Rom. xi. 10.

3. To cloud, obscure, or perplex; to render less clear or intelligible. Such was his wisdom that his confidence did seldom darkenhis foresight. Bacon. Who is this that darkeneth counsel by words without knowledge Job. xxxviii. 2.

4. To cast a gloom upon. With these forced thoughts, I prithee, darken not The mirth of the feast. Shak.

5. To make foul; to sully; to tarnish. I must not think there are Evils enough to darken all his goodness. Shak.

DARKEN Dark"en, v. i.

Defn: To grow or darker.

DARKENER Dark"en*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, darkens.

DARKENING Dark"en*ing, n.

Defn: Twilight; gloaming. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.] Wright.

DARKFUL Dark"ful, a.

Defn: Full of darkness. [Obs.]

DARKISH Dark"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat dark; dusky.

DARKLE Dar"kle, v. i. Etym: [Freq. of dark.]

Defn: To grow dark; to show indistinctly. Thackeray.

DARKLING Dark"ling, adv. Etym: [Dark + the adverbial suffix -ling.]

Defn: In the dark. [Poetic] So, out went the candle, and we were left darkling. Shak. As the wakeful bird Sings darkling. Milton.

DARKLING Dark"ling, p. pr. & a.

1. Becoming dark or gloomy; frowing. His honest brows darkling as he looked towards me. Thackeray.

2. Dark; gloomy. "The darkling precipice." Moore.

DARKLY Dark"ly, adv.

1. With imperfect light, clearness, or knowledge; obscurely; dimly; blindly; uncertainly. What fame to future times conveys but darkly down. Dryden. so softly dark and darkly pure. Byron.

2. With a dark, gloomy, cruel, or menacing look. Looking darkly at the clerguman. Hawthorne.

DARKNESS Dark"ness, n.

1. The absence of light; blackness; obscurity; gloom. And darkness was upon the face of the deep. Gen. i. 2.

2. A state of privacy; secrecy. What I tell you in darkness, that speak ye in light. Matt. x. 27.

3. A state of ignorance or error, especially on moral or religious subjects; hence, wickedness; impurity. Men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. John. iii. 19. Pursue these sons of darkness: drive them out From all heaven's bounds. Milton.

4. Want of clearness or perspicuity; obscurity; as, the darkness of a subject, or of a discussion.

5. A state of distress or trouble. A day of clouds and of thick darkness. Joel. ii. 2. Prince of darkness, the Devil; Satan. "In the power of the Prince of darkness." Locke.

Syn. -- Darkness, Dimness, Obscurity, Gloom. Darkness arises from a total, and dimness from a partial, want of light. A thing is obscure when so overclouded or covered as not to be easily perceived. As tha shade or obscurity increases, it deepens into gloom. What is dark is hidden from view; what is obscure is difficult to perceive or penetrate; the eye becomes dim with age; an impending storm fills the atmosphere with gloom. When taken figuratively, these words have a like use; as, the darkness of ignorance; dimness of discernment; obscurity of reasoning; gloom of superstition.

DARKSOME Dark"some, a.

Defn: Dark; gloomy; obscure; shaded; cheerless. [Poetic] He brought him through a darksome narrow pass To a broad gate, all built of beaten gold. Spenser.

DARKY Dark"y, n.

Defn: A negro. [Sleng]

DARLING Dar"ling, n. Etym: [OE. derling, deorling, AS. deórling; deóre dear + -ling. See Dear, and -ling.]

Defn: One dearly beloved; a favorite. And can do naught but wail her darling's loss. Shak.

DARLING Dar"ling, a.

Defn: Dearly beloved; regarded with especial kindness and tenderness; favorite. "Some darling science." I. Watts. "Darling sin." Macaulay.

DARLINGTONIA Dar`ling*to"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL. Named after Dr. William Darlington, a botanist of West Chester, Penn.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of California pitcher plants consisting of a single species. The long tubular leaves are hooded at the top, and frequently contain many insects drowned in the secretion of the leaves.

DARN Darn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Darned; p. pr. & vb. n. Darning.] Etym: [OE. derne, prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. darnio to piece, break in pieces, W. & Arm. to E. tear. Cf. Tear, v. t.]

Defn: To mend as a rent or hole, with interlacing stitches of yarn or thread by means of a needle; to sew together with yarn or thread. He spent every day ten hours in his closet, in darning his stockins. Swift. Darning last. See under Last. -- Darning needle. (a) A long, strong needle for mending holes or rents, especially in stockings. (b) (Zoöl.) Any species of dragon fly, having a long, cylindrical body, resembling a needle. These flies are harmless and without stings.

Note: [In this sense, usually written with a hyphen.] Called also devil's darning-needle.

DARN Darn, n.

Defn: A place mended by darning.

DARN Darn, v. t.

Defn: A colloquial euphemism for Damn.

DARNEL Dar"nel, n. Etym: [OE. darnel, dernel, of uncertain origin; cf. dial. F. darnelle, Sw. dår-repe; perh. named from a supposed intoxicating quality of the plant, and akin to Sw. dåra to infatuate, OD. door foolish, G. thor fool, and Ee. dizzy.] (Bot.)

Defn: Any grass of the genus Lolium, esp. the Lolium temulentum (bearded darnel), the grains of which have been reputed poisonous. Other species, as Lolium perenne (rye grass or ray grass), and its variety L. Italicum (Italian rye grass), are highly esteemed for pasture and for making hay.

Note: Under darnel our early herbalists comprehended all kinds of cornfield weeds. Dr. Prior.

DARNER Darn"er, n.

Defn: One who mends by darning.

DARNEX; DARNIC Dar"nex, Dar"nic, n.

Defn: Same as Dornick.

DAROO Da*roo", n. (Bot.)

Defn: The Egyptian sycamore (Ficus Sycamorus). See Sycamore.

DARR Darr, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European black tern.

DARRAIGN; DARRAIN Dar"raign, Dar"rain,, v. t. Etym: [OF. deraisnier to explain, defend, to maintain in legal action by proof and reasonings, LL. derationare; de- + rationare to discourse, contend in law, fr. L. ratio reason, in LL., legal cause. Cf. Arraign, and see Reason.]

1. To make ready to fight; to array. [Obs.] Darrain your battle, for they are at hand. Shak.

2. To fight out; to contest; to decide by combat. [Obs.] "To darrain the battle." Chaucer .

DARREIN Dar"rein, a. Etym: [OF. darrein, darrain, fr. an assumed LL. deretranus; L. de + retro back, backward.] (Law)

Defn: Last; as, darrein continuance, the last continuance.

DART Dart, n. Etym: [OF. dart, of German origin; cf. OHG. tart javelin, dart, AS. dara, daro, Sw. dart dagger, Icel. darra dart.]

1. A pointed missile weapon, intended to be thrown by the hand; a short lance; a javelin; hence, any sharp-pointed missile weapon, as an arrow. And he [Joab] took three darts in his hand, and thrust them through the heart of Absalom. 2 Sa. xviii. 14.

2. Anything resembling a dart; anything that pierces or wounds like a dart. The artful inquiry, whose venomed dart Scarce wounds the hearing while it stabs the heart. Hannan More.

3. A spear set as a prize in running. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish; the dace. See Dace. Dart sac (Zoöl.), a sac connected with the reproductive organs of land snails, which contains a dart, or arrowlike structure.

DART Dart, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Darted; p. pr. & vb. n. Darting.]

1. To throw with a sudden effort or thrust, as a dart or other missile weapon; to hurl or launch.

2. To throw suddenly or rapidly; to send forth; to emit; to shoot; as, the sun darts forth his beams. Or what ill eyes malignant glances dart Pope.

DART Dart, v. i.

1. To fly or pass swiftly, as a dart.

2. To start and run with velocity; to shoot rapidly along; as, the deer darted from the thicket.

DARTARS Dar"tars, n. Etym: [F. dartre eruption, dandruff.

Defn: A kind of scab or ulceration on the skin of lambs.

DARTER Dart"er, n.

1. One who darts, or who throw darts; that which darts.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The snakebird, a water bird of the genus Plotus; -- so called because it darts out its long, snakelike neck at its prey. See Snakebird.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small fresh-water etheostomoid fish. The group includes numerous genera and species, all of them American. See Etheostomoid.

DARTINGLY Dart"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Like a dart; rapidly.

DARTLE Dar"tle, v. t. & i.

Defn: To pierce or shoot through; to dart repeatedly: -- frequentative of dart. My star that dartles the red and the blue. R. Browning.

DARTOIC Dar*to"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the dartos.

DARTOID Dar"toid, a. Etym: [Dartos + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Like the dartos; dartoic; as, dartoid tissue.

DARTOS Dar"tos, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. flayed.] (Anat.)

Defn: A thin layer of peculiar contractile tissue directly beneath the skin of the scrotum.

DARTROUS Dar"trous, a. Etym: [F. dartreux. See Dartars.] (Med.)

Defn: Relating to, or partaking of the nature of, the disease called tetter; herpetic. Dartroud diathesis, A morbid condition of the system predisposing to the development of certain skin deseases, such as eczema, psoriasis, and pityriasis. Also called rheumic diathesis, and hipretism. Piffard.

DARWINIAN Dar*win"i*an, a. Etym: [From the name of Charles Darwin, an English scientist.]

Defn: Pertaining to Darwin; as, the Darwinian theory, a theory of the manner and cause of the supposed development of living things from certain original forms or elements.

Note: This theory was put forth by Darwin in 1859 in a work entitled "The Origin of species by Means of Natural Selection." The author argues that, in the struggle for existence, those plants and creatures best fitted to the requirements of the situation in which they are placed are the ones that will live; in other words, that Nature selects those which are survive. This is the theory of natural selection or the survival of the fillest. He also argues that natural selection is capable of modifying and producing organisms fit for their circumstances. See Development theory, under Development.

DARWINIAN Dar*win"i*an, n.

Defn: An advocate of Darwinism.

DARWINIANISM Dar*win"i*an*ism, n.

Defn: Darwinism.

DARWINISM Dar"win*ism, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The theory or doctrines put forth by Darwin. See above. Huxley.

DASE Dase, v. t.

Defn: See Daze. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DASEWE Dase"we, v. i. Etym: [OE. dasewen, daswen; cf. AS. dysegian to be foolish.]

Defn: To become dim-sighted; to become dazed or dazzled. [Obs.] Chauscer.

DASH Dash, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dashed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dashing.] Etym: [Of. Scand. origin; cf. Dan daske to beat, strike, Sw. & Icel. daska, Dan. & Sw. dask blow.]

1. To throw with violence or haste; to cause to strike violently or hastily; -- often used with against. If you dash a stone against a stone in the botton of the water, it maketh a sound. Bacon.

2. To break, as by throwing or by collision; to shatter; to crust; to frustrate; to ruin. Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel. Ps. ii. 9. A brave vessel, . . . Dashed all to pieces. Shak. To perplex and dash Maturest counsels. Milton.

3. To put to shame; to confound; to confuse; to abash; to depress. South. Dash the proud gamesPope.

4. To throw in or on in a rapid, careless manner; to mix, reduce, or adulterate, by throwing in something of an inferior quality; to overspread partially; to bespatter; to touch here and there; as, to dash wine with water; to dash paint upon a picture. I take care to dash the character with such particular circumstance as may prevent ill-natured applications. Addison. The very source and fount of day Is dashed with wandering isles of night. Tennyson.

5. To form or sketch rapidly or carelessly; to execute rapidly, or with careless haste; -- with off; as, to dash off a review or sermon.

6. To erase by a stroke; to strike out; knock out; -- with out; as, to dash out a word.

DASH Dash, v. i.

Defn: To rust with violence; to move impetuously; to strike violently; as, the waves dash upon rocks. [He] dashed through thick and thin. Dryden. On each hand the gushing waters play, And down the rough cascade all dashing fall. Thomson.

DASH Dash, n.

1. Violent striking together of two bodies; collision; crash.

2. A sudden check; abashment; frustration; ruin; as, his hopes received a dash.

3. A slight admixture, infusion, or adulteration; a partial overspreading; as, wine with a dash of water; red with a dash of purple. Innocence when it has in it a dash of folly. Addison.

4. A rapid movement, esp. one of short duration; a quick stroke or blow; a sudden onset or rush; as, a bold dash at the enemy; a dash of rain. She takes upon her bravely at first dash. Shak.

5. Energy in style or action; animation; spirit.

6. A vain show; a blustering parade; a flourish; as, to make or cut a great dash. [Low]

7. (Punctuation)

Defn: A mark or line [--], in writing or printing, denoting a sudden break, stop, or transition in a sentence, or an abrupt change in its construction, a long or significant pause, or an unexpected or epigrammatic turn of sentiment. Dashes are also sometimes used instead of marks or parenthesis. John Wilson.

8. (Mus.) (a) The sign of staccato, a small mark [. (b) The line drawn through a figure in the thorough bass, as a direction to raise the interval a semitone.

9. (Racing)

Defn: A short, spirited effort or trial of speed upon a race course; -- used in horse racing, when a single trial constitutes the race.

DASHBOARD Dash"board`, n.

1. A board placed on the fore part of a carriage, sleigh, or other vechicle, to intercept water, mud, or snow, thrown up by the heels of the horses; -- in England commonly called splashboard.

2. (Naut.) (a) The float of a paddle wheel. (b) A screen at the bow af a steam launch to keep off the spray; -- called also sprayboard.

DASHEEN Dash`een", n.

Defn: A tropical aroid (of the genus Caladium, syn. Colocasia) having an edible farinaceous root. It is related to the taro and to the tanier, but is much superior to it in quality and is as easily cooked as the potato. It is a staple food plant of the tropics, being prepared like potatoes, and has been introduced into the Southern United States.

DASHER Dash"er, n.

1. That which dashes or agitates; as, the dasher of a churn.

2. A dashboard or splashboard. [U. S.]

3. One who makes an ostentatious parade. [Low]

DASHING Dash"ing, a.

Defn: Bold; spirited; showy. The dashing and daring spirit is preferable to the listless. T. Campbell.

DASHINGLY Dash"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Conspicuously; showily. [Colloq.] A dashingly dressed gentleman. Hawthorne.

DASHISM Dash"ism, n.

Defn: The character of making ostentatious or blustering parade or show. [R. & Colloq.] He must fight a duel before his claim to . . . dashism can be universally allowed. V. Knox.

DASHPOT Dash"pot`, n. (Mach.)

Defn: A pneumatic or hydraulic cushion for a falling weight, as in the valve gear of a steam engine, to prevent shock.

Note: It consists of a chamber, containing air or a liquid, in which a piston (a), attached to the weight, falls freely until it enters a space (as below the openings, b) from which the air or liquid can escape but slowly (as through cock c), when its fall is gradually checked.

Note: A cataract of an engine is sometimes called a dashpot.

DASHY Dash"y, a. Etym: [From Dash.]

Defn: Calculated to arrest attention; ostentatiously fashionable; showy. [Colloq.]

DASTARD Das"tard, n. Etym: [Prob. from Icel. dæstr exhausted. breathless, p. p. of dæsa to groan, lose one's breath; cf. dasask to become exhausted, and E. daze.]

Defn: One who meanly shrinks from danger; an arrant coward; a poltroon. You are all recreants and dashtards, and delight to live in slavery to the nobility. Shak.

DASTARD Das"tard, a.

Defn: Meanly shrinking from danger; cowardly; dastardly. "Their dastard souls." Addison.

DASTARD Das"tard, v. t.

Defn: To dastardize. [R.] Dryden.

DASTARDIZE Das"tard*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dastardized; p. pr. & vb. n. Dastardizing.]

Defn: To make cowardly; to intimidate; to dispirit; as, to dastardize my courage. Dryden.

DASTARDLINESS Das"tard*li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dastardly; cowardice; base fear.

DASTARDLY Das"tard*ly, a.

Defn: Meanly timid; cowardly; base; as, a dastardly outrage.

DASTARDNESS Das"tard*ness, n.

Defn: Dastardliness.

DASTARDY Das"tard*y, n.

Defn: Base timidity; cowardliness.

DASWE Das"we, v. i.

Defn: See Dasewe [Obs.] Chaucer.

DASYMETER Da*sym"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. rough, thick + -meter.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for testing the density of gases, consisting of a thin glass globe, which is weighed in the gas or gases, and then in an atmosphere of known density.

DASYPAEDAL Das`y*pæ"dal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Dasypædic.

DASYPAEDES Das`y*pæ"des, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. hairy, shaggy + , , a child.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Those birds whose young are covered with down when hatched.

DASYPAEDIC Das`y*pæ"dic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Dasypædes; ptilopædic.

DASYURE Das"y*ure, n. Etym: [Gr. thick, shaggy + tail: cf. F. dasyure.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A carnivorous marsupial quadruped of Australia, belonging to the genus Dasyurus. There are several species.

DASYURINE Das`y*u"rine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or like, the dasyures.

DATA Da"ta, n. pl. Etym: [L. pl. of datum.]

Defn: See Datum.

DATABLE Dat"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be dated; having a known or ascertainable date. "Datable almost to a year." The Century.

DATARIA Da*ta"ri*a, n. Etym: [LL., fr. L. datum given.] (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Formerly, a part of the Roman chancery; now, a separate office from which are sent graces or favors, cognizable in foro externo, such as appointments to benefices. The name is derived from the word datum, given or dated (with the indications of the time and place of granting the gift or favor).

DATARY Da"ta*ry, n. Etym: [LL. datarius. See Dataria.]

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: An officer in the pope's court, having charge of the Dataria.

2. The office or employment of a datary.

DATE Date, n.Etym: [F. datte, L. dactylus, fr. Gr. , prob. not the same word as finger, but of Semitic origin.] (Bot.)

Defn: The fruit of the date palm; also, the date palm itself.

Note: This fruit is somewhat in the shape of an olive, containing a soft pulp, sweet, esculent, and wholesome, and inclosing a hard kernel. Date palm, or Date tree (Bot.), the genus of palms which bear dates, of which common species is Phoenix dactylifera. See Illust. -- Date plum (Bot.), the fruit of several species of Diospyros, including the American and Japanese persimmons, and the European lotus (D. Lotus). -- Date shell, or Date fish (Zoöl.), a bivalve shell, or its inhabitant, of the genus Pholas, and allied genera. See Pholas.

DATE Date, n. Etym: [F. date, LL. data, fr. L. datus given, p.p. of dare to give; akin to Gr. , OSlaw. dati, Skr. da. Cf. Datum, Dose, Dato, Die.]

1. That addition to a writing, inscription, coin, etc., which specifies the time (as day, month, and year) when the writing or inscription was given, or executed, or made; as, the date of a letter, of a will, of a deed, of a coin. etc. And bonds without a date, they say, are void. Dryden.

2. The point of time at which a transaction or event takes place, or is appointed to take place; a given point of time; epoch; as, the date of a battle. He at once, Down the long series of eventful time, So fixed the dates of being, so disposed To every living soul of every kind The field of motion, and the hour of rest. Akenside.

3. Assigned end; conclusion. [R.] What Time would spare, from Steel receives its date. Pope.

4. Given or assigned length of life; dyration. [Obs.] Good luck prolonged hath thy date. Spenser. Through his life's whole date. Chapman. To bear date, to have the date named on the face of it; -- said of a writing.

DATE Date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dating.] Etym: [Cf. F. dater. See 2d Date.]

1. To note the time of writing or executing; to express in an instrument the time of its execution; as, to date a letter, a bond, a deed, or a charter.

2. To note or fix the time of, as of an event; to give the date of; as, to date the building of the pyramids.

Note: We may say dated at or from a place. The letter is dated at Philadephia. G. T. Curtis. You will be suprised, I don't question, to find among your correspondencies in foreign parts, a letter dated from Blois. Addison. In the countries of his jornal seems to have been written; parts of it are dated from them. M. Arnold.

DATE Date, v. i.

Defn: To have beginning; to begin; to be dated or reckoned; -- with from. The Batavian republic dates from the successes of the French arms. E. Everett.

DATELESS Date"less, a.

Defn: Without date; having no fixed time.

DATE LINE Date line.

Defn: The hypothetical line on the surface of the earth fixed by international or general agreement as a boundary on one side of which the same day shall have a different name and date in the calendar from its name and date on the other side.

Speaking generally, the date line coincides with the meridian 180º from Greenwich. It deflects between north latitudes 80º and 45º, so that all Asia lies to the west, all North America, including the Aleutian Islands, to the east of the line; and between south latitudes 12º and 56º, so that Chatham Island and the Tonga group lie to the west of it. A vessel crossing this line to the westward sets the date forward by one day, as from Sunday to Monday. A vessel crossing the line to the eastward sets the date back by one day, as from Monday to Sunday. Hawaii has the same day name as San Francisco; Manila, the same day name as Australia, and this is one day later than the day of Hawaii. Thus when it is Monday May 1st at San Francisco it is Tuesday may 2d at Manila.

DATER Dat"er, n.

Defn: One who dates.

DATISCIN Da*tis"cin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline glucoside extracted from the bastard hemp (Datisca cannabina).

DATIVE Da"tive, a. Etym: [L. dativus appropriate to giving, fr. dare to give. See 2d Date.]

1. (Gram.)

Defn: Noting the case of a noun which expresses the remoter object, and is generally indicated in English by to or for with the objective.

2. (Law) (a) In one's gift; capable of being disposed of at will and pleasure, as an office. (b) Removable, as distinguished from perpetual; -- said of an officer. (c) Given by a magistrate, as distinguished from being cast upon a party by the law. Burril. Bouvier. Dative executor, one appointed by the judge of probate, his office answering to that of an administrator.

DATIVE Da"tive, n. Etym: [L. dativus.]

Defn: The dative case. See Dative, a.,

1.

DATIVELY Da"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: As a gift. [R.]

DATOLITE Dat"o*lite, n. Etym: [From. Gr. to divide + -lite; in allusion to the granular structure of a massive variety.] (Min.)

Defn: A borosilicate of lime commonly occuring in glassy,, greenish crystals. [Written also datholite.]

DATUM Da"tum, n.; pl. Data. Etym: [L. See 2d Date.]

1. Something given or admitted; a fact or principle granted; that upon which an inference or an argument is based; -- used chiefly in the plural. Any writer, therefore, who . . . furnishes us with data sufficient to determine the time in which he wrote. Priestley.

2. pl. (Math.)

Defn: The quantities or relations which are assumed to be given in any problem. Datum line (Surv.), the horizontal or base line, from which the heights of points are reckoned or measured, as in the plan of a railway, etc.

DATURA Da*tu"ra, n. Etym: [NL.; cf. Skr. dhatt, Per. & Ar. tat, Tat.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of solanaceous plants, with large funnel-shaped flowers and a four-celled, capsular fruit.

Note: The commonest species are the thorn apple (D. stramonium), with a prickly capsule (see Illust. of capsule), white flowers and green stem, and D. tatula, with a purplish tinge of the stem and flowers. Both are narcotic and dangerously poisonous.

DATURINE Da*tu"rine, n. Etym: [From Datura.] (Chem.)

Defn: Atropine; -- called also daturia and daturina.

DAUB Daub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Daubed; p. pr. & vb. n. Daubing.] Etym: [OE. dauben to smear, OF. dauber to plaster, fr. L. dealbare to whitewash, plaster; de- + albare to whiten, fr. albus white, perh. also confused with W. dwb plaster, dwbio to plaster, Ir. & OGael. dob plaster. See Alb, and cf. Dealbate.]

1. To smear with soft, adhesive matter, as pitch, slime, mud, etc.; to plaster; to bedaub; to besmear. She took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch. Ex. ii. 3.

2. To paint in a coarse or unskillful manner. If a picture is daubed with many bright and glaring colors, the vulgar admire it is an excellent piece. I. Watts. A lame, imperfect piece, rudely daubed over. Dryden.

3. To cover with a specious or deceitful exterior; to disguise; to conceal. So smooth he daubed his vice with show of virtue. Shak.

4. To flatter excessively or glossy. [R.] I can safely say, however, that, without any daubing at all, I am very sincerely your very affectionate, humble servant. Smollett.

5. To put on without taste; to deck gaudily. [R.] Let him be daubed with lace. Dryden.

DAUB Daub, v. i.

Defn: To smear; to play the flatterer. His conscience . . . will not daub nor flatter. South.

DAUB Daub, n.

1. A viscous, sticky application; a spot smeared or dabed; a smear.

2. (Paint.)

Defn: A picture coarsely executed. Did you . . . take a look at the grand picture . . . 'T is a melancholy daub, my lord. Sterne.

DAUBER Daub"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, daubs; especially, a coarse, unskillful painter.

2. (Copperplate Print.)

Defn: A pad or ball of rags, covered over with canvas, for inking plates; a dabber.

3. A low and gross flattere.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The mud wasp; the mud dauber.

DAUBERY; DAUBRY Daub"er*y, or Daub"ry, n.

Defn: A daubing; specious coloring; false pretenses. She works by charms, by spells, by the figure, and such daubery as this is. Shak.

DAUBING Daub"ing, n.

1. The act of one who daubs; that which is daubed.

2. A rough coat of mortar put upon a wall to give it the appearance of stone; rough-cast.

3. In currying, a mixture of fish oil and tallow worked into leather; -- called also dubbing. Knight.

DAUBREELITE Dau"bree*lite, n. Etym: [From Daubrée, a French mineralogist.] (Min.)

Defn: A sulphide of chromium observed in some meteoric irons.

DAUBY Daub"y, a.

Defn: Smeary; viscous; glutinous; adhesive. "Dauby wax."

DAUGHTER Daugh"ter, n.; pl. Daughters; obs. pl. Daughtren. Etym: [OE. doughter, doghter, dohter, AS. dohtor, dohter; akin to OS. dohtar, D. dochter, G. tochter, Icel. d, Sw. dotter, Dan. dotter, datter, Goth. daúhtar,, OSlav. d, Russ. doche, Lith. dukt, Gr. , Zendughdhar, Skr. duhit; possibly originally, the milker, cf. Skr. duh to milk. sq. root68, 245.]

1. The female offspring of the human species; a female child of any age; -- applied also to the lower animals.

2. A female descendant; a woman. This woman, being a daughter of Abraham. Luke xiii. 16. Dinah, the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughter of the land. Gen. xxxiv. 1.

3. A son's wife; a daughter-in-law. And Naomi said, Turn again, my daughters. Ruth. i. 11.

4. A term of adress indicating parental interest. Daughter, be of good comfort. Matt. ix. 22. Daughter cell (Biol.), one of the cells formed by cell division. See Cell division, under Division.

DAUGHTER-IN-LAW Daugh"ter-in-law`, n.; pl. Daughters-in-law.

Defn: The wife of one's son.

DAUGHTERLINESS Daugh"ter*li*ness, n.

Defn: The state of a daughter, or the conduct becoming a daughter.

DAUGHTERLY Daugh"ter*ly, a.

Defn: Becoming a daughter; filial. Sir Thomas liked her natural and dear daughterly affection towards him. Cavendish.

DAUK Dauk, v. t.

Defn: See Dawk, v. t., to cut or gush.

DAUN Daun, n.

Defn: A variant of Dan, a title of honor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DAUNT Daunt, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Daunted; p. pr. & vb. n. Daunting.] Etym: [OF. danter, F. dompter to tame, subdue, fr. L. domitare, v. intens. of domare to tame. See Tame.]

1. To overcome; to conquer. [Obs.]

2. To repress or subdue the courage of; to check by fear of danger; to cow; to intimidate; to dishearten. Some presences daunt and discourage us. Glanvill.

Syn. -- To dismay; appall. See Dismay.

DAUNTER Daunt"er, n.

Defn: One who daunts.

DAUNTLESS Daunt"less, a.

Defn: Incapable of being daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless; intrepid. Dauntless he rose, and to the fight returned. Dryden. -- Daunt"less*ly, adv. -- Daunt"less*ness, n.

DAUPHIN Dau"phin, n. Etym: [F. dauphin, prop., a dolphin, from L. delphinus. See Dolphin. The name was given, for some reason unexplained, to Guigo, count of Vienne, in the 12th century, and was borne by succeeding counts of Vienne. In 1349, Dauphiny was bequeathed to Philippe de Valois, king of France, on condition that the heir of the crown should always hold the title of Dauphin de Viennois.]

Defn: The title of the eldest son of the king of France, and heir to the crown. Since the revolution of 1830, the title has been discontinued.

DAUPHINESS; DAUPHINE Dau"phin*ess, or Dau"phine, n.

Defn: The title of the wife of the dauphin.

DAUW Dauw, n. Etym: [D.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The striped quagga, or Burchell's zebra, of South Africa (Asinus Burchellii); -- called also peechi, or peetsi.

DAVENPORT Dav"en*port, n. Etym: [From the name of the original maker. Encyc. Dict.]

Defn: A kind of small writing table, generally somewhat ornamental, and forming a piece of furniture for the parlor or boudoir. A much battered davenport in one of the windows, at which sat a lady writing. A. B. Edwards.

DAVIDIC Da*vid"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to David, the king and psalmist of Israel, or to his family.

DAVIT Dav"it, n. Etym: [Cf. F. davier forceps, davit, cooper's instrument, G. david davit; all probably from the proper name David.] (Naut.) (a) A spar formerly used on board of ships, as a crane to hoist the flukes of the anchor to the top of the bow, without injuring the sides of the ship; -- called also the fish davit. (b) pl.

Defn: Curved arms of timber or iron, projecting over a ship's side of stern, having tackle to raise or lower a boat, swing it in on deck, rig it out for lowering, etc.; -- called also boat davits. Totten.

DAVY JONES Da"vy Jones".

Defn: The spirit of the sea; sea devil; -- a term used by sailors. This same Davy Jones, according to the mythology of sailors, is the fiend that presides over all the evil spirits of the deep, and is seen in various shapes warning the devoted wretch of death and woe. Smollett. Davy Jones's Locker, the ocean, or bottom of the ocean. -- Gone to Davy Jones's Locker, dead, and buried in the sea; thrown overboard.

DAVY LAMP Da"vy lamp`.

Defn: See Safety lamp, under Lamp.

DAVYNE Da"vyne, n. Etym: [See Davyum.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of nephelite from Vesuvius.

DAVYUM Da"vy*um, n. Etym: [Named after Sir Humphry Davy, the English chemist.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare metallic element found in platinum ore. It is a white malleable substance. Symbol Da. Atomic weight 154.

DAW Daw, n. Etym: [OE. dawe; akin to OHG. taha, MHG. tahe, tahele, G. dohle. Cf. Caddow.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European bird of the Crow family (Corvus monedula), often nesting in church towers and ruins; a jackdaw. The loud daw, his throat displaying, draw The whole assembly of his fellow daws. Waller.

Note: The daw was reckoned as a silly bird, and a daw meant a simpleton. See in Shakespeare: -- "Then thou dwellest with daws too." (Coriolanus iv. 5, 1. 47.) Skeat.

DAW Daw, v. i. Etym: [OE. dawen. See Dawn.]

Defn: To dawn. [Obs.] See Dawn.

DAW Daw, v. t. Etym: [Contr. fr. Adaw.]

1. To rouse. [Obs.]

2. To daunt; to terrify. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DAWDLE Daw"dle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dawdled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dawdling.] Etym: [Cf. Daddle.]

Defn: To waste time in trifling employment; to trifle; to saunter. Come some evening and dawdle over a dish of tea with me. Johnson. We . . . dawdle up and down Pall Mall. Thackeray.

DAWDLE Daw"dle, v. t.

Defn: To waste by trifling; as, to dawdle away a whole morning.

DAWDLE Daw"dle, n.

Defn: A dawdler. Colman & Carrick.

DAWDLER Daw"dler, n.

Defn: One who wastes time in trifling employments; an idler; a trifler.

DAWE Dawe, n. Etym: [See Day.]

Defn: Day. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DAWISH Daw"ish, a.

Defn: Like a daw.

DAWK Dawk, n.

Defn: See Dak.

DAWK Dawk, v. t. Etym: [Prov. E. dauk to cut or pierce with a jerk; cf. OE. dalk a dimple. Cf. Ir. tolch, tollachd, tolladh, a hole, crevice, toll to bore, pierce, W. tyllu.]

Defn: To cut or mark with an incision; to gash. Moxon.

DAWK Dawk, n.

Defn: A hollow, crack, or cut, in timber. Moxon.

DAWN Dawn, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dawned; p. pr. & vb. n. Dawning.] Etym: [OE. dawnen, dawen, dagen, daien, AS. dagian to become day, to dawn, fr. dæg day; akin to D. dagen, G. tagen, Icel. daga, Dan. dages, Sw. dagas. See Day.

1. To begin to grow light in the morning; to grow light; to break, or begin to appear; as, the day dawns; the morning dawns. In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene . . . to see the sepulcher. Matt. xxviii. 1.

2. To began to give promise; to begin to appear or to expand. "In dawning youth." Dryden. When life awakes, and dawns at every line. Pope. Dawn on our darkness and lend us thine aid. Heber,

DAWN Dawn, n.

1. The break of day; the first appeareance of light in the morning; show of approaching sunrise. And oft at dawn, deep noon, or falling eve. Thomson. No sun, no moon, no morn, no noon, No dawn, no dusk, no proper time of day. Hood.

2. First opening or expansion; first appearance; beginning; rise. "The dawn of time." Thomson. These tender circumstances diffuse a dawn of serenity over the soul. Pope.

DAWSONITE Daw"son*ite, n. Etym: [Named after J. W. Dawson of Montreal.] (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous carbonate of alumina and soda, occuring in white, bladed crustals.

DAY Day, n. Etym: [OE. day, dai,, dei, AS. dæg; akin to OS., D., Dan., & Sw. dag, G, tag, Icel. dagr, Goth. dags; cf. Skr. dah (for dhagh ) to burn. *69. Cf. Dawn.]

1. The time of light, or interval between one night and the next; the time between sunrise and sunset, or from dawn to darkness; hence, the light; sunshine.

2. The period of the earth's revolution on its axis. -- ordinarily divided into twenty-four hours. It is measured by the interval between two successive transits of a celestial body over the same meridian, and takes a specific name from that of the body. Thus, if this is the sun, the day (the interval between two successive transits of the sun's center over the same meridian) is called a solar day; if it is a star, a sidereal day; if it is the moon, a lunar day. See Civil day, Sidereal day, below.

3. Those hours, or the daily recurring period, allotted by usage or law for work.

4. A specified time or period; time, considered with reference to the existence or prominence of a person or thing; age; time. A man who was great among the Hellenes of his day. Jowett (Thucyd. ) If my debtors do not keep their day, . . . I must with patience all the terms attend. Dryden.

5. (Preceded by the) Some day in particular, as some day of contest, some anniversary, etc. The field of Agincourt, Fought on the day of Crispin Crispianus. Shak. His name struck fear, his conduct won the day. Roscommon.

Note: Day is much used in self-explaining compounds; as, daybreak, daylight, workday, etc.

Anniversary day. See Anniversary, n. -- Astronomical day, a period equal to the mean solar day, but beginning at noon instead of at midnight, its twenty-four hours being numbered from 1 to 24; also, the sidereal day, as that most used by astronomers. -- Born days. See under Born. -- Canicular days. See Dog day. -- Civil day, the mean solar day, used in the ordinary reckoning of time, and among most modern nations beginning at mean midnight; its hours are usually numbered in two series, each from 1 to 12. This is the period recognized by courts as constituting a day. The Babylonians and Hindoos began their day at sunrise, the Athenians and Jews at sunset, the ancient Egyptians and Romans at midnight. -- Day blindness. (Med.) See Nyctalopia. -- Day by day, or Day after day, daily; every day; continually; without intermission of a day. See under By. "Day by day we magnify thee." Book of Common Prayer. -- Days in bank (Eng. Law), certain stated days for the return of writs and the appearance of parties; -- so called because originally peculiar to the Court of Common Bench, or Bench (bank) as it was formerly termed. Burrill. -- Day in court, a day for the appearance of parties in a suit. -- Days of devotion (R. C. Ch.), certain festivals on which devotion leads the faithful to attend mass. Shipley. -- Days of grace. See Grace. -- Days of obligation (R. C. Ch.), festival days when it is obligatory on the faithful to attend Mass. Shipley. -- Day owl, (Zoöl.), an owl that flies by day. See Hawk owl. -- Day rule (Eng. Law), an order of court (now abolished) allowing a prisoner, under certain circumstances, to go beyond the prison limits for a single day. -- Day school, one which the pupils attend only in daytime, in distinction from a boarding school. -- Day sight. (Med.) See Hemeralopia. -- Day's work (Naut.), the account or reckoning of a ship's course for twenty-four hours, from noon to noon. -- From day to day, as time passes; in the course of time; as, he improves from day to day. -- Jewish day, the time between sunset and sunset. -- Mean solar day (Astron.), the mean or average of all the apparent solar days of the year. -- One day, One of these days, at an uncertain time, usually of the future, rarely of the past; sooner or later. "Well, niece, I hope to see you one day fitted with a husband." Shak. -- Only from day to day, without certainty of continuance; temporarily. Bacon. -- Sidereal day, the interval between two successive transits of the first point of Aries over the same meridian. The Sidereal day is 23 h. 56 m. 4.09 s. of mean solar time. -- To win the day, to gain the victory, to be successful. S. Butler. -- Week day, any day of the week except Sunday; a working day. -- Working day. (a) A day when work may be legally done, in distinction from Sundays and legal holidays. (b) The number of hours, determined by law or custom, during which a workman, hired at a stated price per day, must work to be entitled to a day's pay.

DAYAKS Day"aks, n. pl. (Ethnol.)

Defn: See Dyaks.

DAYBOOK Day"book, n.

Defn: A journal of accounts; a primary record book in which are recorded the debts and credits, or accounts of the day, in their order, and from which they are transferred to the journal.

DAYBREAK Day"break`, n.

Defn: The time of the first appearance of light in the morning.

DAY-COAL Day"-coal`, n. (Mining)

Defn: The upper stratum of coal, as nearest the light or surface.

DAYDREAM Day"dream`, n.

Defn: A vain fancy speculation; a reverie; a castle in the air; unfounded hope. Mrs. Lambert's little daydream was over. Thackeray.

DAYDREAMER Day"dream`er, n.

Defn: One given to draydreams.

DAYFLOWER Day"flow`er, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus consisting mostly of tropical perennial herbs (Commelina), having ephemeral flowers.

DAYFLY Day"fly`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A neuropterous insect of the genus Ephemera and related genera, of many species, and inhabiting fresh water in the larval state; the ephemeral fly; -- so called because it commonly lives but one day in the winged or adult state. See Ephemeral fly, under Ephemeral.

DAY-LABOR Day"-la`bor, n.

Defn: Labor hired or performed by the day. Milton.

DAY-LABORER Day"-la`bor*er, n.

Defn: One who works by the day; -- usually applied to a farm laborer, or to a workman who does not work at any particular trade. Goldsmith.

DAYLIGHT Day"light`, n.

1. The light of day as opposed to the darkness of night; the light of the sun, as opposed to that of the moon or to artificial light.

2. pl.

Defn: The eyes. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

DAY LILY Day" lil`y. (Bot.) (a) A genus of plants (Hemerocallis) closely resembling true lilies, but having tuberous rootstocks instead of bulbs. The common species have long narrow leaves and either yellow or tawny-orange flowers. (b) A genus of plants (Funkia) differing from the last in having ovate veiny leaves, and large white or blue flowers.

DAYMAID Day"maid`, n.

Defn: A dairymaid. [Obs.]

DAYMARE Day"mare`, n. Etym: [Day + mare incubus.] (Med.)

Defn: A kind of incubus which occurs during wakefulness, attended by the peculiar pressure on the chest which characterizes nightmare. Dunglison.

DAY-NET Day"-net`, n.

Defn: A net for catching small birds.

DAY-PEEP Day"-peep`, n.

Defn: The dawn. [Poetic] Milton.

DAYSMAN Days"man, n. Etym: [From day in the sense of day fixed for trial.]

Defn: An umpire or arbiter; a mediator. Neither is there any daysman betwixt us. Job ix. 33.

DAYSPRING Day"spring, n.

Defn: The beginning of the day, or first appearance of light; the dawn; hence, the beginning. Milton. The tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us. Luke i. 78.

DAY-STAR Day"-star`, n.

1. The morning star; the star which ushers in the day. A dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star arise in your hearts. 2 Peter i. 19.

2. The sun, as the orb of day. [Poetic] So sinks the day-star in the ocean bed, And yet anon repairs his drooping head, And tricks his beams, and with new-spangled ore Flames in the forehead of the morning sky. Milton.

DAYTIME Day"time`, n.

Defn: The time during which there is daylight, as distinguished from the night.

DAYWOMAN Day"wom`an, n.

Defn: A dairymaid. [Obs.]

DAZE Daze, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dazed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dazing.] Etym: [OE. dasen, prob. from Icel. dasask to become weary, a reflexive verb; cf. Sw. dasa to lie idle, and OD. daesen to be foolish, insane, daes, dwaes, D. dwaas, foolish, insane, AS. dw, dysig, stupid. Dizzy, Doze.]

Defn: To stupefy with excess of light; with a blow, with cold, or with fear; to confuse; to benumb. While flashing beams do daze his feeble eyen. Spenser. Such souls, Whose sudden visitations daze the world. Sir H. Taylor. He comes out of the room in a dazed state, that is an odd though a sufficient substitute for interest. Dickens.

DAZE Daze, n.

1. The state of being dazed; as, he was in a daze. [Colloq.]

2. (Mining)

Defn: A glittering stone.

DAZZLE Daz"zle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dazzled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dazzling.] Etym: [Freq. of daze.]

1. To overpower with light; to confuse the sight of by brilliance of light. Those heavenly shapes Will dazzle now the earthly, with their blaze Insufferably bright. Milton. An unreflected light did never yet Dazzle the vision feminine. Sir H. Taylor.

2. To bewilder or surprise with brilliancy or display of any kind. "Dazzled and drove back his enemies." Shak.

DAZZLE Daz"zle, v. i.

1. To be overpoweringly or intensely bright; to excite admiration by brilliancy. Ah, friend! to dazzle, let the vain design. Pope.

2. To be overpowered by light; to be confused by excess of brightness. An overlight maketh the eyes dazzle. Bacon. I dare not trust these eyes; They dance in mists, and dazzle with surprise. Dryden.

DAZZLE Daz"zle, n.

Defn: A light of dazzling brilliancy.

DAZZLEMENT Daz"zle*ment, n.

Defn: Dazzling flash, glare, or burst of light. Donne.

DAZZLINGLY Daz"zling*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dazzling manner.

DE- De-.

Defn: A prefix from Latin de down, from, away; as in debark, decline, decease, deduct, decamp. In words from the French it is equivalent to Latin dis- apart, away; or sometimes to de. Cf. Dis-. It is negative and opposite in derange, deform, destroy, etc. It is intensive in deprave, despoil, declare, desolate, etc.

DEACON Dea"con, n. Etym: [OE. diakne, deakne, deken, AS. diacon, deacon, L. diaconus, fr. Gr. dean.]

1. (Eccl.)

Defn: An officer in Christian churches appointed to perform certain subordinate duties varying in different communions. In the Roman Catholic and Episcopal churches, a person admitted to the lowest order in the ministry, subordinate to the bishops and priests. In Presbyterian churches, he is subordinate to the minister and elders, and has charge of certain duties connected with the communion service and the care of the poor. In Congregational churches, he is subordinate to the pastor, and has duties as in the Presbyterian church.

2. The chairman of an incorporated company. [Scot.]

DEACON Dea"con, v. t.

Defn: To read aloud each line of (a psalm or hymn) before singing it, -- usually with off. [Colloq. New. Eng.] See Line, v. t.

Note: The expression is derived from a former custom in the Congregational churches of New England. It was part of the office of a deacon to read aloud the psalm given out, one line at a time, the congregation singing each line as soon as read; -- called, also, lining out the psalm.

DEACONESS Dea"con*ess, n. (Eccl.)

Defn: A female deacon; as: (a) (Primitive Ch.) One of an order of women whose duties resembled those of deacons. (b) (Ch. of Eng. and Prot. Epis. Ch.)

Defn: A woman set apart for church work by a bishop. (c) A woman chosen as a helper in church work, as among the Congregationalists.

DEACONHOOD Dea"con*hood, n.

Defn: The state of being a deacon; office of a deacon; deaconship.

DEACONRY Dea"con*ry, n.

Defn: See Deaconship.

DEACONSHIP Dea"con*ship, n.

Defn: The office or ministry of a deacon or deaconess.

DEAD Dead, a. Etym: [OE. ded, dead, deed, AS. deád; akin to OS. d, D. dood, G. todt, tot, Icel. dau, Sw. & Dan. död, Goth. daubs; prop. p. p. of an old verb meaning to die. See Die, and cf. Death.]

1. Deprived of life; -- opposed to alive and living; reduced to that state of a being in which the organs of motion and life have irrevocably ceased to perform their functions; as, a dead tree; a dead man. "The queen, my lord, is dead." Shak. The crew, all except himself, were dead of hunger. Arbuthnot. Seek him with candle, bring him dead or living. Shak.

2. Destitute of life; inanimate; as, dead matter.

3. Resembling death in appearance or quality; without show of life; deathlike; as, a dead sleep.

4. Still as death; motionless; inactive; useless; as, dead calm; a dead load or weight.

5. So constructed as not to transmit sound; soundless; as, a dead floor.

6. Unproductive; bringing no gain; unprofitable; as, dead capital; dead stock in trade.

7. Lacking spirit; dull; lusterless; cheerless; as, dead eye; dead fire; dead color, etc.

8. Monotonous or unvaried; as, a dead level or pain; a dead wall. "The ground is a dead flat." C. Reade.

9. Sure as death; unerring; fixed; complete; as, a dead shot; a dead certainty. I had them a dead bargain. Goldsmith.

10. Bringing death; deadly. Shak.

11. Wanting in religious spirit and vitality; as, dead faith; dead works. "Dead in trespasses." Eph. ii. 1.

12. (Paint.) (a) Flat; without gloss; -- said of painting which has been applied purposely to have this effect. (b) Not brilliant; not rich; thus, brown is a dead color, as compared with crimson.

13. (Law)

Defn: Cut off from the rights of a citizen; deprived of the power of enjoying the rights of property; as, one banished or becoming a monk is civilly dead.

14. (Mach.)

Defn: Not imparting motion or power; as, the dead spindle of a lathe, etc. See Spindle. Dead ahead (Naut.), directly ahead; -- said of a ship or any object, esp. of the wind when blowing from that point toward which a vessel would go. -- Dead angle (Mil.), an angle or space which can not be seen or defended from behind the parapet. -- Dead block, either of two wooden or iron blocks intended to serve instead of buffers at the end of a freight car. -- Dead calm (Naut.), no wind at all. -- Dead center, or Dead point (Mach.), either of two points in the orbit of a crank, at which the crank and connecting rod lie a straight line. It corresponds to the end of a stroke; as, A and B are dead centers of the crank mechanism in which the crank C drives, or is driven by, the lever L. -- Dead color (Paint.), a color which has no gloss upon it. -- Dead coloring (Oil paint.), the layer of colors, the preparation for what is to follow. In modern painting this is usually in monochrome. -- Dead door (Shipbuilding), a storm shutter fitted to the outside of the quarter-gallery door. -- Dead flat (Naut.), the widest or midship frame. -- Dead freight (Mar. Law), a sum of money paid by a person who charters a whole vessel but fails to make out a full cargo. The payment is made for the unoccupied capacity. Abbott. -- Dead ground (Mining), the portion of a vein in which there is no ore. -- Dead hand, a hand that can not alienate, as of a person civilly dead. "Serfs held in dead hand." Morley. See Mortmain. -- Dead head (Naut.), a rough block of wood used as an anchor buoy. -- Dead heat, a heat or course between two or more race horses, boats, etc., in which they come out exactly equal, so that neither wins. -- Dead horse, an expression applied to a debt for wages paid in advance. [Law] -- Dead language, a language which is no longer spoken or in common use by a people, and is known only in writings, as the Hebrew, Greek, and Latin. -- Dead letter. (a) A letter which, after lying for a certain fixed time uncalled for at the post office to which it was directed, is then sent to the general post office to be opened. (b) That which has lost its force or authority; as, the law has become a dead letter. -- Dead-letter office, a department of the general post office where dead letters are examined and disposed of. -- Dead level, a term applied to a flat country. -- Dead lift, a direct lift, without assistance from mechanical advantage, as from levers, pulleys, etc.; hence, an extreme emergency. "(As we say) at a dead lift." Robynson (More's Utopia). -- Dead line (Mil.), a line drawn within or around a military prison, to cross which involves for a prisoner the penalty of being instantly shot. -- Dead load (Civil Engin.), a constant, motionless load, as the weight of a structure, in distinction from a moving load, as a train of cars, or a variable pressure, as of wind. -- Dead march (Mus.), a piece of solemn music intended to be played as an accompaniment to a funeral procession. -- Dead nettle (Bot.), a harmless plant with leaves like a nettle (Lamium album). -- Dead oil (Chem.), the heavy oil obtained in the distillation of coal tar, and containing phenol, naphthalus, etc. -- Dead plate (Mach.), a solid covering over a part of a fire grate, to prevent the entrance of air through that part. -- Dead pledge, a mortgage. See Mortgage. -- Dead point. (Mach.) See Dead center. -- Dead reckoning (Naut.), the method of determining the place of a ship from a record kept of the courses sailed as given by compass, and the distance made on each course as found by log, with allowance for leeway, etc., without the aid of celestial observations. -- Dead rise, the transverse upward curvature of a vessel's floor. -- Dead rising, an elliptical line drawn on the sheer plan to determine the sweep of the floorheads throughout the ship's length. -- Dead-Sea apple. See under Apple. -- Dead set. See under Set. -- Dead shot. (a) An unerring marksman. (b) A shot certain to be made. -- Dead smooth, the finest cut made; -- said of files. -- Dead wall (Arch.), a blank wall unbroken by windows or other openings. -- Dead water (Naut.), the eddy water closing in under a ship's stern when sailing. -- Dead weight. (a) A heavy or oppressive burden. Dryden. (b) (Shipping) A ship's lading, when it consists of heavy goods; or, the heaviest part of a ship's cargo. (c) (Railroad) The weight of rolling stock, the live weight being the load. Knight. -- Dead wind (Naut.), a wind directly ahead, or opposed to the ship's course. -- To be dead, to die. [Obs.] I deme thee, thou must algate be dead. Chaucer.

Syn. -- Inanimate; deceased; extinct. See Lifeless.

DEAD Dead, adv.

Defn: To a degree resembling death; to the last degree; completely; wholly. [Colloq.] I was tired of reading, and dead sleepy. Dickens. Dead drunk, so drunk as to be unconscious.

DEAD Dead, n.

1. The most quiet or deathlike time; the period of profoundest repose, inertness, or gloom; as, the dead of winter. When the drum beat at dead of night. Campbell.

2. One who is dead; -- commonly used collectively. And Abraham stood up from before his dead. Gen. xxiii. 3.

DEAD Dead, v. t.

Defn: To make dead; to deaden; to deprive of life, force, or vigor. [Obs.] Heaven's stern decree, With many an ill, hath numbed and deaded me. Chapman.

DEAD Dead, v. i.

Defn: To die; to lose life or force. [Obs.] So iron, as soon as it is out of the fire, deadeth straightway. Bacon.

DEAD BEAT Dead` beat".

Defn: See Beat, n., 7. [Low, U.S.]

DEADBEAT Dead"beat`, a. (Physics)

Defn: Making a beat without recoil; giving indications by a single beat or excursion; -- said of galvanometers and other instruments in which the needle or index moves to the extent of its deflection and stops with little or no further oscillation. Deadbeat escapement. See under Escapement.

DEADBORN Dead"born`, a.

Defn: Stillborn. Pope.

DEADEN Dead"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deadened; p. pr. & vb. n. Deadening.] Etym: [From Dead; cf. AS. d to kill, put to death. See Dead, a.]

1. To make as dead; to impair in vigor, force, activity, or sensation; to lessen the force or acuteness of; to blunt; as, to deaden the natural powers or feelings; to deaden a sound.

As harper lays his open palm Upon his harp, to deaden its vibrations. Longfellow.

2. To lessen the velocity or momentum of; to retard; as, to deaden a ship's headway.

3. To make vapid or spiritless; as, to deaden wine.

4. To deprive of gloss or brilliancy; to obscure; as, to deaden gilding by a coat of size.

DEADENER Dead"en*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, deadens or checks.

DEAD-EYE Dead"-eye`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A round, flattish, wooden block, encircled by a rope, or an iron band, and pierced with three holes to receive the lanyard; -- used to extend the shrouds and stays, and for other purposes. Called also deadman's eye. Totten.

DEADHEAD Dead"head`, n.

1. One who receives free tickets for theaters, public conveyances, etc. [Colloq. U. S.]

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A buoy. See under Dead, a.

DEADHEARTED; DEAD-HEARTED Dead"*heart`ed, a.

Defn: Having a dull, faint heart; spiritless; listless. -- Dead"*heart`ed*ness, n. Bp. Hall.

DEADHOUSE Dead"house`, n.

Defn: A morgue; a place for the temporary reception and exposure of dead bodies.

DEADISH Dead"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat dead, dull, or lifeless; deathlike. The lips put on a deadish paleness. A. Stafford.

DEADLATCH Dead"latch`, n.

Defn: A kind of latch whose bolt may be so locked by a detent that it can not be opened from the inside by the handle, or from the outside by the latch key. Knight.

DEADLIGHT Dead"light`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A strong shutter, made to fit open ports and keep out water in a storm.

DEADLIHOOD Dead"li*hood, n.

Defn: State of the dead. [Obs.]

DEADLINESS Dead"li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being deadly.

DEADLOCK Dead"lock`, n.

1. A lock which is not self-latching, but requires a key to throw the bolt forward.

2. A counteraction of things, which produces an entire stoppage; a complete obstruction of action. Things are at a deadlock. London Times. The Board is much more likely to be at a deadlock of two to two. The Century.

DEADLY Dead"ly, a.

1. Capable of causing death; mortal; fatal; destructive; certain or likely to cause death; as, a deadly blow or wound.

2. Aiming or willing to destroy; implacable; desperately hostile; flagitious; as, deadly enemies. Thy assailant is quick, skillful, and deadly. Shak.

3. Subject to death; mortal. [Obs.] The image of a deadly man. Wyclif (Rom. i. 23). Deadly nightshade (Bot.), a poisonous plant; belladonna. See under Nightshade.

DEADLY Dead"ly, adv.

1. In a manner resembling, or as if produced by, death. "Deadly pale." Shak.

2. In a manner to occasion death; mortally. The groanings of a deadly wounded man. Ezek. xxx. 24.

3. In an implacable manner; destructively.

4. Extremely. [Obs.] "Deadly weary." Orrery. "So deadly cunning a man." Arbuthnot.

DEADNESS Dead"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being destitute of life, vigor, spirit, activity, etc.; dullness; inertness; languor; coldness; vapidness; indifference; as, the deadness of a limb, a body, or a tree; the deadness of an eye; deadness of the affections; the deadness of beer or cider; deadness to the world, and the like.

DEAD-PAY Dead"-pay`, n.

Defn: Pay drawn for soldiers, or others, really dead, whose names are kept on the rolls. O you commanders, That, like me, have no dead-pays. Massinger.

DEAD-RECKONING Dead"-reck`on*ing, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See under Dead, a.

DEADS Deads, n. pl. (Mining)

Defn: The substances which inclose the ore on every side.

DEAD-STROKE Dead"-stroke`, a. (Mech.)

Defn: Making a stroke without recoil; deadbeat. Dead-stroke hammer (Mach.), a power hammer having a spring interposed between the driving mechanism and the hammer head, or helve, to lessen the recoil of the hammer and reduce the shock upon the mechanism.

DEADWOOD Dead"wood`, n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: A mass of timbers built into the bow and stern of a vessel to give solidity.

2. Dead trees or branches; useless material.

DEADWORKS Dead"works`, n. pl. (Naut.)

Defn: The parts of a ship above the water when she is laden.

DEAF Deaf, a. Etym: [OE. def, deaf, deef, AS. deáf; akin to D. doof, G. taub, Icel. daufr, Dan. döv, Sw. döf, Goth. daubs, and prob. to E. dumb (the original sense being, dull as applied to one of the senses), and perh. to Gr. toben to rage. Cf. Dumb.]

1. Wanting the sense of hearing, either wholly or in part; unable to perceive sounds; hard of hearing; as, a deaf man. Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf. Shak.

2. Unwilling to hear or listen; determinedly inattentive; regardless; not to be persuaded as to facts, argument, or exhortation; -- with to; as, deaf to reason. O, that men's ears should be To counsel deaf, but not to flattery! Shak.

3. Deprived of the power of hearing; deafened. Deaf with the noise, I took my hasty flight. Dryden.

4. Obscurely heard; stifled; deadened. [R.] A deaf murmur through the squadron went. Dryden.

5. Decayed; tasteless; dead; as, a deaf nut; deaf corn. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. If the season be unkindly and intemperate, they [peppers] will catch a blast; and then the seeds will be deaf, void, light, and naught. Holland. Deaf and dumb, without the sense of hearing or the faculty of speech. See Deaf-mute.

DEAF Deaf, v. t.

Defn: To deafen. [Obs.] Dryden.

DEAFEN Deaf"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deafened; p. pr. & vb. n. Deafening.] Etym: [From Deaf.]

1. To make deaf; to deprive of the power of hearing; to render incapable of perceiving sounds distinctly. Deafened and stunned with their promiscuous cries. Addison.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: To render impervious to sound, as a partition or floor, by filling the space within with mortar, by lining with paper, etc.

DEAFENING Deaf"en*ing, n.

Defn: The act or process of rendering impervious to sound, as a floor or wall; also, the material with which the spaces are filled in this process; pugging.

DEAFLY Deaf"ly, adv.

Defn: Without sense of sounds; obscurely.

DEAFLY Deaf"ly, a.

Defn: Lonely; solitary. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DEAF-MUTE Deaf"-mute`, n.

Defn: A person who is deaf and dumb; one who, through deprivation or defect of hearing, has either failed the acquire the power of speech, or has lost it. [See Illust. of Dactylology.] Deaf-mutes are still so called, even when, by artificial methods, they have been taught to speak imperfectly.

DEAF-MUTISM Deaf"-mut`ism, n.

Defn: The condition of being a deaf-mute.

DEAFNESS Deaf"ness, n.

1. Incapacity of perceiving sounds; the state of the organs which prevents the impression which constitute hearing; want of the sense of hearing.

2. Unwillingness to hear; voluntary rejection of what is addressed to the understanding. Nervous deafness, a variety of deafness dependent upon morbid change in some portion of the nervous system, especially the auditory nerve.

DEAL Deal, n. Etym: [OE. del, deel, part, AS. d; akin to OS. d, D. & Dan. deel, G. theil, teil, Icel. deild, Sw. del, Goth. dails. Dole.]

1. A part or portion; a share; hence, an indefinite quantity, degree, or extent, degree, or extent; as, a deal of time and trouble; a deal of cold. Three tenth deals [parts of an ephah] of flour. Num. xv. 9. As an object of science it [the Celtic genius] may count for a good deal . . . as a spiritual power. M. Arnold. She was resolved to be a good deal more circumspect. W. Black.

Note: It was formerly limited by some, every, never a, a thousand, etc.; as, some deal; but these are now obsolete or vulgar. In general, we now qualify the word with great or good, and often use it adverbially, by being understood; as, a great deal of time and pains; a great (or good) deal better or worse; that is, better by a great deal, or by a great part or difference.

2. The process of dealing cards to the players; also, the portion disturbed. The deal, the shuffle, and the cut. Swift.

3. Distribution; apportionment. [Colloq.]

4. An arrangement to attain a desired result by a combination of interested parties; -- applied to stock speculations and political bargains. [Slang]

5. Etym: [Prob. from D. deel a plank, threshing floor. See Thill.]

Defn: The division of a piece of timber made by sawing; a board or plank; particularly, a board or plank of fir or pine above seven inches in width, and exceeding six feet in length. If narrower than this, it is called a batten; if shorter, a deal end.

Note: Whole deal is a general term for planking one and one half inches thick.

6. Wood of the pine or fir; as, a floor of deal. Deal tree, a fir tree. Dr. Prior.

DEAL Deal, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dealt; p. pr. & vb. n. Dealing.] Etym: [OE. delen, AS. d, fr. d share; akin to OS. d, D. deelen, G. theilen, teilen, Icel. deila, Sw. dela, Dan. dele, Goth. dailjan. See Deal, n.]

1. To divide; to separate in portions; hence, to give in portions; to distribute; to bestow successively; -- sometimes with out. Is not to deal thy bread to the hungry Is. lviii. 7. And Rome deals out her blessings and her gold. Tickell. The nightly mallet deals resounding blows. Gay. Hissing through the skies, the feathery deaths were dealt. Dryden.

2. Specifically: To distribute, as cards, to the players at the commencement of a game; as, to deal the cards; to deal one a jack.

DEAL Deal, v. i.

1. To make distribution; to share out in portions, as cards to the players.

2. To do a distributing or retailing business, as distinguished from that of a manufacturer or producer; to traffic; to trade; to do business; as, he deals in flour. They buy and sell, they deal and traffic. South. This is to drive to wholesale trade, when all other petty merchants deal but for parcels. Dr. H. More.

3. To act as an intermediary in business or any affairs; to manage; to make arrangements; -- followed by between or with. Sometimes he that deals between man and man, raiseth his own credit with both, by pretending greater interest than he hath in either. Bacon.

4. To conduct one's self; to behave or act in any affair or towards any one; to treat. If he will deal clearly and impartially, . . . he will acknowledge all this to be true. Tillotson.

5. To contend (with); to treat (with), by way of opposition, check, or correction; as, he has turbulent passions to deal with. To deal by, to treat, either well or ill; as, to deal well by servants. "Such an one deals not fairly by his own mind." Locke. -- To deal in. (a) To have to do with; to be engaged in; to practice; as, they deal in political matters. (b) To buy and sell; to furnish, as a retailer or wholesaler; as, they deal in fish. -- To deal with. (a) To treat in any manner; to use, whether well or ill; to have to do with; specifically, to trade with. "Dealing with witches." Shak. (b) To reprove solemnly; to expostulate with. The deacons of his church, who, to use their own phrase, "dealt with him" on the sin of rejecting the aid which Providence so manifestly held out. Hawthorne. Return . . . and I will deal well with thee. Gen. xxxii. 9.

DEALBATE De*al"bate, v. t. Etym: [L. dealbatus, p. p. of dealbare. See Daub.]

Defn: To whiten. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEALBATION De`al*ba"tion, n. Etym: [L. dealbatio: cf. F. déalbation.]

Defn: Act of bleaching; a whitening. [Obs.]

DEALER Deal"er, n.

1. One who deals; one who has to do, or has concern, with others; esp., a trader, a trafficker, a shopkeeper, a broker, or a merchant; as, a dealer in dry goods; a dealer in stocks; a retail dealer.

2. One who distributes cards to the players.

DEALFISH Deal"fish`, n. Etym: [From deal a long, narrow plank.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A long, thin fish of the arctic seas (Trachypterus arcticus).

DEALING Deal"ing, n.

Defn: The act of one who deals; distribution of anything, as of cards to the players; method of business; traffic; intercourse; transaction; as, to have dealings with a person. Double dealing, insincere, treacherous dealing; duplicity. -- Plain dealing, fair, sincere, honorable dealing; honest, outspoken expression of opinion.

DEALTH Dealth, n.

Defn: Share dealt. [Obs.]

DEAMBULATE De*am"bu*late, v. i. Etym: [L. deambulare, deambulatum; de- + ambulare to walk.]

Defn: To walk abroad. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEAMBULATION De*am`bu*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. deambulatio.]

Defn: A walking abroad; a promenading. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

DEAMBULATORY De*am"bu*la*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. LL. deambulator a traveler.]

Defn: Going about from place to place; wandering; of or pertaining to a deambulatory. [Obs.] "Deambulatory actors." Bp. Morton.

DEAMBULATORY De*am"bu*la*to*ry, n. Etym: [L. deambulatorium.]

Defn: A covered place in which to walk; an ambulatory.

DEAN Dean, n. Etym: [OE. dene, deene, OF. deien, dien, F. doyen, eldest of a corporation, a dean, L. decanus the chief of ten, one set over ten persons, e. g., over soldiers or over monks, from decem ten. See Ten, and cf. Decemvir.]

1. A dignitary or presiding officer in certain ecclesiastical and lay bodies; esp., an ecclesiastical dignitary, subordinate to a bishop. Dean of cathedral church, the chief officer of a chapter; he is an ecclesiastical magistrate next in degree to bishop, and has immediate charge of the cathedral and its estates. -- Dean of peculiars, a dean holding a preferment which has some peculiarity relative to spiritual superiors and the jurisdiction exercised in it. [Eng.] -- Rural dean, one having, under the bishop, the especial care and inspection of the clergy within certain parishes or districts of the diocese.

2. The collegiate officer in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, England, who, besides other duties, has regard to the moral condition of the college. Shipley.

3. The head or presiding officer in the faculty of some colleges or universities.

4. A registrar or secretary of the faculty in a department of a college, as in a medical, or theological, or scientific department. [U.S.]

5. The chief or senior of a company on occasion of ceremony; as, the dean of the diplomatic corps; -- so called by courtesy. Cardinal dean, the senior cardinal bishop of the college of cardinals at Rome. Shipley. -- Dean and chapter, the legal corporation and governing body of a cathedral. It consists of the dean, who is chief, and his canons or prebendaries. -- Dean of arches, the lay judge of the court of arches. -- Dean of faculty, the president of an incorporation or barristers; specifically, the president of the incorporation of advocates in Edinburgh. -- Dean of guild, a magistrate of Scotch burghs, formerly, and still, in some burghs, chosen by the Guildry, whose duty is to superintend the erection of new buildings and see that they conform to the law. -- Dean of a monastery, Monastic dean, a monastic superior over ten monks. -- Dean's stall. See Decanal stall, under Decanal.

DEANERY Dean"er*y, n.; pl. Deaneries (.

1. The office or the revenue of a dean. See the Note under Benefice, n., 3.

2. The residence of a dean. Shak.

3. The territorial jurisdiction of a dean. Each archdeaconry is divided into rural deaneries, and each deanery is divided into parishes. Blackstone.

DEANSHIP Dean"ship, n.

Defn: The office of a dean. I dont't value your deanship a straw. Swift.

DEAR Dear, a. [Compar. Dearer; superl. Dearest.] Etym: [OE. dere, deore, AS. deóre; akin to OS. diuri, D. duur, OHG. tiuri, G. theuer, teuer, Icel. d, Dan. & Sw. dyr. Cf. Darling, Dearth.]

1. Bearing a high price; high-priced; costly; expensive. The cheapest of us is ten groats too dear. Shak.

2. Marked by scarcity or dearth, and exorbitance of price; as, a dear year.

3. Highly valued; greatly beloved; cherished; precious. "Hear me, dear lady." Shak. Neither count I my life dear unto myself. Acts xx. 24. And the last joy was dearer than the rest. Pope. Dear as remember'd kisses after death. Tennyson.

4. Hence, close to the heart; heartfelt; present in mind; engaging the attention. (a) Of agreeable things and interests. [I'll] leave you to attend him: some dear cause Will in concealment wrap me up awhile. Shak. His dearest wish was to escape from the bustle and glitter of Whitehall. Macaulay. (b) Of disagreeable things and antipathies. In our dear peril. Shak. Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven Or ever I had seen that day. Shak.

DEAR Dear, n.

Defn: A dear one; lover; sweetheart. That kiss I carried from thee, dear. Shak.

DEAR Dear, adv.

Defn: Dearly; at a high price. If thou attempt it, it will cost thee dear. Shak.

DEAR Dear, v. t.

Defn: To endear. [Obs.] Shelton.

DEARBORN Dear"born, n.

Defn: A four-wheeled carriage, with curtained sides.

DEAR-BOUGHT Dear"-bought`, a.

Defn: Bought at a high price; as, dear-bought experience.

DEARE Deare,

Defn: variant of Dere, v. t. & n. [Obs.]

DEARIE Dear"ie, n.

Defn: Same as Deary. Dickens.

DEARLING Dear"ling, n.

Defn: A darling. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEAR-LOVED Dear"-loved`, a.

Defn: Greatly beloved. Shak.

DEARLY Dear"ly, adv.

1. In a dear manner; with affection; heartily; earnestly; as, to love one dearly.

2. At a high rate or price; grievously. He buys his mistress dearly with his throne. Dryden.

3. Exquisitely. [Obs.] Shak.

DEARN Dearn, a. Etym: [AS. derne, dyrne, dierne, hidden, secret. Cf. Derne.]

Defn: Secret; lonely; solitary; dreadful. [Obs.] Shak. -- Dearn"ly, adv. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEARN Dearn, v. t.

Defn: Same as Darn. [Obs.]

DEARNESS Dear"ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being dear; costliness; excess of price. The dearness of corn. Swift.

2. Fondness; preciousness; love; tenderness. The dearness of friendship. Bacon.

DEARTH Dearth, n. Etym: [OE. derthe, fr. dere. See Dear.]

Defn: Scarcity which renders dear; want; lack; specifically, lack of food on account of failure of crops; famine. There came a dearth over all the land of Egypt. Acts vii. 11. He with her press'd, she faint with dearth. Shak. Dearth of plot, and narrowness of imagination. Dryden.

DEARTICULATE De`ar*tic"u*late, v. t.

Defn: To disjoint.

DEARWORTH Dear"worth`, a. Etym: [See Derworth.]

Defn: Precious. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

DEARY Dear"y, n.

Defn: A dear; a darling. [Familiar]

DEAS De"as, n.

Defn: See Dais. [Scot.]

DEATH Death, n. Etym: [OE. deth, dea, AS. deá; akin to OS. d, D. dood, G. tod, Icel. dau, Sw. & Dan. död, Goth. daupus; from a verb meaning to die. See Die, v. i., and cf. Dead.]

1. The cessation of all vital phenomena without capability of resuscitation, either in animals or plants.

Note: Local death is going on at times and in all parts of the living body, in which individual cells and elements are being cast off and replaced by new; a process essential to life. General death is of two kinds; death of the body as a whole (somatic or systemic death), and death of the tissues. By the former is implied the absolute cessation of the functions of the brain, the circulatory and the respiratory organs; by the latter the entire disappearance of the vital actions of the ultimate structural constituents of the body. When death takes place, the body as a whole dies first, the death of the tissues sometimes not occurring until after a considerable interval. Huxley.

2. Total privation or loss; extinction; cessation; as, the death of memory. The death of a language can not be exactly compared with the death of a plant. J. Peile.

3. Manner of dying; act or state of passing from life. A death that I abhor. Shak. Let me die the death of the righteous. Num. xxiii. 10.

4. Cause of loss of life. Swiftly flies the feathered death. Dryden. He caught his death the last county sessions. Addison.

5. Personified: The destroyer of life, -- conventionally represented as a skeleton with a scythe. Death! great proprietor of all. Young. And I looked, and behold a pale horse; and his name that at on him was Death. Rev. vi. 8.

6. Danger of death. "In deaths oft." 2 Cor. xi. 23.

7. Murder; murderous character. Not to suffer a man of death to live. Bacon.

8. (Theol.)

Defn: Loss of spiritual life. To be death. Rom. viii. 6.

9. Anything so dreadful as to be like death. It was death to them to think of entertaining such doctrines. Atterbury. And urged him, so that his soul was vexed unto death. Judg. xvi. 16.

Note: Death is much used adjectively and as the first part of a compound, meaning, in general, of or pertaining to death, causing or presaging death; as, deathbed or death bed; deathblow or death blow, etc. Black death. See Black death, in the Vocabulary. -- Civil death, the separation of a man from civil society, or the debarring him from the enjoyment of civil rights, as by banishment, attainder, abjuration of the realm, entering a monastery, etc. Blackstone. -- Death adder. (Zoöl.) (a) A kind of viper found in South Africa (Acanthophis tortor); -- so called from the virulence of its venom. (b) A venomous Australian snake of the family Elapidæ, of several species, as the Hoplocephalus superbus and Acanthopis antarctica. -- Death bell, a bell that announces a death. The death bell thrice was heard to ring. Mickle. -- Death candle, a light like that of a candle, viewed by the superstitious as presaging death. -- Death damp, a cold sweat at the coming on of death. -- Death fire, a kind of ignis fatuus supposed to forebode death. And round about in reel and rout, The death fires danced at night. Coleridge. -- Death grapple, a grapple or struggle for life. -- Death in life, a condition but little removed from death; a living death. [Poetic] "Lay lingering out a five years' death in life." Tennyson. -- Death knell, a stroke or tolling of a bell, announcing a death. -- Death rate, the relation or ratio of the number of deaths to the population. At all ages the death rate is higher in towns than in rural districts. Darwin. -- Death rattle, a rattling or gurgling in the throat of a dying person. -- Death's door, the boundary of life; the partition dividing life from death. -- Death stroke, a stroke causing death. -- Death throe, the spasm of death. -- Death token, the signal of approaching death. -- Death warrant. (a) (Law) An order from the proper authority for the execution of a criminal. (b) That which puts an end to expectation, hope, or joy. -- Death wound. (a) A fatal wound or injury. (b) (Naut.) The springing of a fatal leak. -- Spiritual death (Scripture), the corruption and perversion of the soul by sin, with the loss of the favor of God. -- The gates of death, the grave. Have the gates of death been opened unto thee Job xxxviii. 17. -- The second death, condemnation to eternal separation from God. Rev. ii. 11. -- To be the death of, to be the cause of death to; to make die. "It was one who should be the death of both his parents." Milton.

Syn. -- Death, Decrase, Departure, Release. Death applies to the termination of every form of existence, both animal and vegetable; the other words only to the human race. Decease is the term used in law for the removal of a human being out of life in the ordinary course of nature. Demise was formerly confined to decease of princes, but is now sometimes used of distinguished men in general; as, the demise of Mr. Pitt. Departure and release are peculiarly terms of Christian affection and hope. A violent death is not usually called a decease. Departure implies a friendly taking leave of life. Release implies a deliverance from a life of suffering or sorrow.

DEATHBED Death"bed, n.

Defn: The bed in which a person dies; hence, the closing hours of life of one who dies by sickness or the like; the last sickness. That often-quoted passage from Lord Hervey in which the Queen's deathbed is described. Thackeray.

DEATHBIRD Death"bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Tengmalm's or Richardson's owl (Nyctale Tengmalmi); -- so called from a superstition of the North American Indians that its note presages death.

DEATHBLOW Death"blow`, n.

Defn: A mortal or crushing blow; a stroke or event which kills or destroys. The deathblow of my hope. Byron.

DEATHFUL Death"ful, a.

1. Full of death or slaughter; murderous; destructive; bloody. These eyes behold The deathful scene. Pope.

2. Liable to undergo death; mortal. The deathless gods and deathful earth. Chapman.

DEATHFULNESS Death"ful*ness, n.

Defn: Appearance of death. Jer. Taylor.

DEATHLESS Death"less, a.

Defn: Not subject to death, destruction, or extinction; immortal; undying; imperishable; as, deathless beings; deathless fame.

DEATHLIKE Death"like`, a.

1. Resembling death. A deathlike slumber, and a dead repose. Pope.

2. Deadly. [Obs.] "Deathlike dragons." Shak.

DEATHLINESS Death"li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being deathly; deadliness. Southey.

DEATHLY Death"ly, a.

Defn: Deadly; fatal; mortal; destructive.

DEATHLY Death"ly, adv.

Defn: Deadly; as, deathly pale or sick.

DEATH'S-HEAD Death's"-head`, n.

Defn: A naked human skull as the emblem of death; the head of the conventional personification of death. I had rather be married to a death's-head with a bone in his mouth. Shak. Death's-head moth (Zoöl.), a very large European moth (Acherontia atropos), so called from a figure resembling a human skull on the back of the thorax; -- called also death's-head sphinx.

DEATH'S-HERB Death's"-herb`, n.

Defn: The deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna). Dr. Prior.

DEATHSMAN Deaths"man, n.

Defn: An executioner; a headsman or hangman. [Obs.] Shak.

DEATHWARD Death"ward, adv.

Defn: Toward death.

DEATHWATCH Death"watch` (; 224), n.

1. (Zoöl.) (a) A small beetle (Anobium tessellatum and other allied species). By forcibly striking its head against woodwork it makes a ticking sound, which is a call of the sexes to each other, but has been imagined by superstitious people to presage death. (b) A small wingless insect, of the family Psocidæ, which makes a similar but fainter sound; -- called also deathtick. She is always seeing apparitions and hearing deathwatches. Addison. I did not hear the dog howl, mother, or the deathwatch beat. Tennyson.

2. The guard set over a criminal before his execution.

DEAURATE De*au"rate, a. Etym: [L. deauratus, p. p. of deaurare to gild; de- + aurum gold.]

Defn: Gilded. [Obs.]

DEAURATE De*au"rate, v. t.

Defn: To gild. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEAURATION De`au*ra"tion, n.

Defn: Act of gilding. [Obs.]

DEAVE Deave, v. t. Etym: [See Deafen.]

Defn: To stun or stupefy with noise; to deafen. [Scot.]

DEBACCHATE De*bac"chate, v. i. Etym: [L. debacchatus, p. p. of debacchari to rage; de- + bacchari to rage like a bacchant.]

Defn: To rave as a bacchanal. [R.] Cockeram.

DEBACCHATION De`bac*cha"tion, n. Etym: [L. debacchatio.]

Defn: Wild raving or debauchery. [R.] Prynne.

DEBACLE De*ba"cle, n. Etym: [F. débâcle, fr. débâcler to unbar, break loose; pref. dé- (prob. = L. dis) + bâcler to bolt, fr. L. baculum a stick.] (Geol.)

Defn: A breaking or bursting forth; a violent rush or flood of waters which breaks down opposing barriers, and hurls forward and disperses blocks of stone and other débris.

DEBAR De*bar", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Debarred; p. pr. & vb. n. Debarring.] Etym: [Pref. de- + bar.]

Defn: To cut off from entrance, as if by a bar or barrier; to preclude; to hinder from approach, entry, or enjoyment; to shut out or exclude; to deny or refuse; -- with from, and sometimes with of. Yet not so strictly hath our Lord imposed Labor, as to debar us when we need Refreshment. Milton. Their wages were so low as to debar them, not only from the comforts but from the common decencies of civilized life. Buckle.

DEBARB De*barb", v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + L. barba beard.]

Defn: To deprive of the beard. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEBARK De"bark", v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Debarked; p. pr. & vb. n. Debarking.] Etym: [F. débarquer; pref. dé- (L. dis-) + barque. See Bark the vessel, and cf. Disbark.]

Defn: To go ashore from a ship or boat; to disembark; to put ashore.

DEBARKATION De`bar*ka"tion, n.

Defn: Disembarkation. The debarkation, therefore, had to take place by small steamers. U. S. Grant.

DEBARMENT De*bar"ment, n.

Defn: Hindrance from approach; exclusion.

DEBARRASS De*bar"rass, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. débarrasser. See Embarrass.]

Defn: To disembarrass; to relieve. [R.]

DEBASE De*base", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Debased; p. pr. & vb. n. Debasing.] Etym: [Pref. de- + base. See Base, a., and cf. Abase.]

Defn: To reduce from a higher to a lower state or grade of worth, dignity, purity, station, etc.; to degrade; to lower; to deteriorate; to abase; as, to debase the character by crime; to debase the mind by frivolity; to debase style by vulgar words. The coin which was adulterated and debased. Hale. It is a kind of taking God's name in vain to debase religion with such frivolous disputes. Hooker. And to debase the sons, exalts the sires. Pope.

Syn. -- To abase; degrade. See Abase.

DEBASED De*based", a. (Her.)

Defn: Turned upside down from its proper position; inverted; reversed.

DEBASEMENT De*base"ment, n.

Defn: The act of debasing or the state of being debased. Milton.

DEBASER De*bas"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, debases.

DEBASINGLY De*bas"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to debase.

DEBATABLE De*bat"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. debatable. See Debate.]

Defn: Liable to be debated; disputable; subject to controversy or contention; open to question or dispute; as, a debatable question. The Debatable Land or Ground, a tract of land between the Esk and the Sark, claimed by both England and Scotland; the Batable Ground.

DEBATE De*bate", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Debated; p. pr. & vb. n. Debating.] Etym: [OF. debatre, F. débattre; L. de + batuere to beat. See Batter, v. t., and cf. Abate.]

1. To engage in combat for; to strive for. Volunteers . . . thronged to serve under his banner, and the cause of religion was debated with the same ardor in Spain as on the plains of Palestine. Prescott.

2. To contend for in words or arguments; to strive to maintain by reasoning; to dispute; to contest; to discuss; to argue for and against. A wise council . . . that did debate this business. Shak. Debate thy cause with thy neighbor himself. Prov. xxv. 9.

Syn. -- To argue; discuss; dispute; controvert. See Argue, and Discuss.

DEBATE De*bate", v. i.

1. To engage in strife or combat; to fight. [Obs.] Chaucer. Well could he tourney and in lists debate. Spenser.

2. To contend in words; to dispute; hence, to deliberate; to consider; to discuss or examine different arguments in the mind; -- often followed by on or upon. He presents that great soul debating upon the subject of life and death with his intimate friends. Tatler.

DEBATE De*bate", n. Etym: [F. débat, fr. débattre. See Debate, v. t.]

1. A fight or fighting; contest; strife. [Archaic] On the day of the Trinity next ensuing was a great debate . . . and in that murder there were slain . . . fourscore. R. of Gloucester. But question fierce and proud reply Gave signal soon of dire debate. Sir W. Scott.

2. Contention in words or arguments; discussion for the purpose of elucidating truth or influencing action; strife in argument; controversy; as, the debates in Parliament or in Congress. Heard, noted, answer'd, as in full debate. Pope.

3. Subject of discussion. [R.] Statutes and edicts concerning this debate. Milton.

DEBATEFUL De*bate"ful, a.

Defn: Full of contention; contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEBATEFULLY De*bate"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: With contention. [Obs.]

DEBATEMENT De*bate"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. debatement a beating.]

Defn: Controversy; deliberation; debate. [R.] A serious question and debatement with myself. Milton.

DEBATER De*bat"er, n.

Defn: One who debates; one given to argument; a disputant; a controvertist. Debate where leisure serves with dull debaters. Shak.

DEBATING De*bat"ing, n.

Defn: The act of discussing or arguing; discussion. Debating society or club, a society or club for the purpose of debate and improvement in extemporaneous speaking.

DEBATINGLY De*bat"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a debate.

DEBAUCH De*bauch", v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Debauched; p. pr. & vb. n. Debauching.] Etym: [F. débaucher, prob. originally, to entice away from the workshop; pref. dé- (L. dis- or de) + OF. bauche, bauge, hut, cf. F. bauge lair of a wild boar; prob. from G. or Icel., cf. Icel. balkr. See Balk, n.]

Defn: To lead away from purity or excellence; to corrupt in character or principles; to mar; to vitiate; to pollute; to seduce; as, to debauch one's self by intemperance; to debauch a woman; to debauch an army. Learning not debauched by ambition. Burke. A man must have got his conscience thoroughly debauched and hardened before he can arrive to the height of sin. South. Her pride debauched her judgment and her eyes. Cowley.

DEBAUCH De*bauch", n. Etym: [Cf. F. débauche.]

1. Excess in eating or drinking; intemperance; drunkenness; lewdness; debauchery. The first physicians by debauch were made. Dryden.

2. An act or occasion of debauchery. Silenus, from his night's debauch, Fatigued and sick. Cowley.

DEBAUCHED De*bauched", a.

Defn: Dissolute; dissipated. "A coarse and debauched look." Ld. Lytton.

DEBAUCHEDLY De*bauch"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a profligate manner.

DEBAUCHEDNESS De*bauch"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being debauched; intemperance. Bp. Hall.

DEBAUCHEE Deb`au*chee", n. Etym: [F. dé, n., properly p. p. of débaucher. See Debauch, v. t.]

Defn: One who is given to intemperance or bacchanalian excesses; a man habitually lewd; a libertine.

DEBAUCHER De*bauch"er, n.

Defn: One who debauches or corrupts others; especially, a seducer to lewdness.

DEBAUCHERY De*bauch"er*y, n.; pl. Debaucheries (.

1. Corruption of fidelity; seduction from virtue, duty, or allegiance. The republic of Paris will endeavor to complete the debauchery of the army. Burke.

2. Excessive indulgence of the appetites; especially, excessive indulgence of lust; intemperance; sensuality; habitual lewdness. Oppose . . . debauchery by temperance. Sprat.

DEBAUCHMENT De*bauch"ment, n.

Defn: The act of corrupting; the act of seducing from virtue or duty.

DEBAUCHNESS De*bauch"ness, n.

Defn: Debauchedness. [Obs.]

DEBEIGE De*beige", n. Etym: [F. de of + beige the natural color of wool.]

Defn: A kind of woolen or mixed dress goods. [Written also debage.]

DEBEL De*bel", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. débeller. See Debellate.]

Defn: To conquer. [Obs.] Milton.

DEBELLATE De*bel"late, v. t. Etym: [L. debellatus, p. p. of debellare to subdue; de- + bellum war.]

Defn: To subdue; to conquer in war. [Obs.] Speed.

DEBELLATION Deb`el*la"tion, n. Etym: [LL. debellatio.]

Defn: The act of conquering or subduing. [Obs.]

DE BENE ESSE De be"ne es"se. Etym: [L.] (Law)

Defn: Of well being; of formal sufficiency for the time; conditionally; provisionally. Abbott.

DEBENTURE De*ben"ture, n. Etym: [L. debentur they are due, fr. debere to owe; cf. F. debentur. So called because these receipts began with the words Debentur mihi.]

1. A writing acknowledging a debt; a writing or certificate signed by a public officer, as evidence of a debt due to some person; the sum thus due.

2. A customhouse certificate entitling an exporter of imported goods to a drawback of duties paid on their importation. Burrill.

Note: It is applied in England to deeds of mortgage given by railway companies for borrowed money; also to municipal and other bonds and securities for money loaned.

DEBENTURED De*ben"tured, a.

Defn: Entitled to drawback or debenture; as, debentured goods.

DEBENTURE STOCK Debenture stock. (Finance)

Defn: The debt or series of debts, collectively, represented by a series of debentures; a debt secured by a trust deed of property for the benefit of the holders of shares in the debt or of a series of debentures. By the terms of much debenture stock the holders are not entitled to demand payment until the winding up of the company or default in payment; in the winding up of the company or default in payment; in the case of railway debentures, they cannot demand payment of the principal, and the debtor company cannot redeem the stock, except by authority of an act of Parliament. [Eng.]

DEBILE Deb"ile, a. Etym: [L. debilis: cf. F. débile. See Debility.]

Defn: Weak. [Obs.] Shak.

DEBILITANT De*bil"i*tant, a. Etym: [L. debilitants, p. pr.] (Med.)

Defn: Diminishing the energy of organs; reducing excitement; as, a debilitant drug.

DEBILITATE De*bil"i*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Debilitated; p. pr. & vb. n. Debilitating.] Etym: [L. debilitatus, p. p. of debilitare to debilitate, fr. debilis. See Debility.]

Defn: To impair the strength of; to weaken; to enfeeble; as, to debilitate the body by intemperance. Various ails debilitate the mind. Jenyns. The debilitated frame of Mr. Bertram was exhausted by this last effort. Sir W. Scott.

DEBILITATION De*bil`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. debilitatio: cf. F. débilitation.]

Defn: The act or process of debilitating, or the condition of one who is debilitated; weakness.

DEBILITY De*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. debilitas, fr. debilis weak, prob. fr. de- + habilis able: cf. F. débilité. See Able, a.]

Defn: The state of being weak; weakness; feebleness; languor. The inconveniences of too strong a perspiration, which are debility, faintness, and sometimes sudden death. Arbuthnot.

Syn. -- Debility, Infirmity, Imbecility. An infirmity belongs, for the most part, to particular members, and is often temporary, as of the eyes, etc. Debility is more general, and while it lasts impairs the ordinary functions of nature. Imbecility attaches to the whole frame, and renders it more or less powerless. Debility may be constitutional or may be the result or superinduced causes; Imbecility is always constitutional; infirmity is accidental, and results from sickness or a decay of the frame. These words, in their figurative uses, have the same distinctions; we speak of infirmity of will, debility of body, and an Imbecility which affects the whole man; but Imbecility is often used with specific reference to feebleness of mind.

DEBIT Deb"it, n. Etym: [L. debitum what is due, debt, from debere to owe: cf. F. débit. See Debt.]

Defn: A debt; an entry on the debtor (Dr.) side of an account; -- mostly used adjectively; as, the debit side of an account.

DEBIT Deb"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Debited; p. pr. & vb. n. Debiting.]

1. To charge with debt; -- the opposite of, and correlative to, credit; as, to debit a purchaser for the goods sold.

2. (Bookkeeping)

Defn: To enter on the debtor (Dr.) side of an account; as, to debit the amount of goods sold.

DEBITOR Deb"it*or, n. Etym: [L. See Debtor.]

Defn: A debtor. [Obs.] Shak.

DEBITUMINIZATION De`bi*tu`mi*ni*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of depriving of bitumen.

DEBITUMINIZE De`bi*tu"mi*nize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of bitumen.

DEBLAI Dé`blai", n. Etym: [F.] (Fort.)

Defn: The cavity from which the earth for parapets, etc. (remblai), is taken.

DEBONAIR Deb`o*nair", a. Etym: [OE. debonere, OF. de bon aire, debonaire, of good descent or lineage, excellent, debonair, F. débonnaire debonair; de of (L. de) + bon good (L. bonus) + aire. See Air, and Bounty, and cf. Bonair.]

Defn: Characterized by courteousness, affability, or gentleness; of good appearance and manners; graceful; complaisant. Was never prince so meek and debonair. Spenser.

DEBONAIRITY Deb`o*nair"i*ty, n. Etym: [OF. debonaireté, F. débonnaireté.]

Defn: Debonairness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEBONAIRLY Deb`o*nair"ly, adv.

Defn: Courteously; elegantly.

DEBONAIRNESS Deb`o*nair"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being debonair; good humor; gentleness; courtesy. Sterne.

DEBOSH De*bosh", v. t. Etym: [Old form of debauch.]

Defn: To debauch. [Obs.] "A deboshed lady." Beau. & Fl.

DEBOSHMENT De*bosh"ment, n.

Defn: Debauchment. [Obs.]

DEBOUCH De*bouch", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Debouched; p. pr. & vb. n. Debouching.] Etym: [F. déboucher; pref. dé- (L. dis- or de) + boucher to stop up, fr. bouche mouth, fr. L. bucca the cheek. Cf. Disembogue.]

Defn: To march out from a wood, defile, or other confined spot, into open ground; to issue. Battalions debouching on the plain. Prescott.

DEBOUCHE Dé`bou`ché", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A place for exit; an outlet; hence, a market for goods. The débouchés were ordered widened to afford easy egress. The Century.

DEBOUCHURE Dé`bou`chure", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The outward opening of a river, of a valley, or of a strait.

DEBRIS Dé`bris", n. Etym: [F., fr. pref. dé- (L. dis) + briser to break, shatter; perh. of Celtic origin.]

1. (Geol.)

Defn: Broken and detached fragments, taken collectively; especially, fragments detached from a rock or mountain, and piled up at the base.

2. Rubbish, especially such as results from the destruction of anything; remains; ruins.

DEBRUISED De*bruised", a. Etym: [Cf. OF. debruisier to shatter, break. Cf. Bruise.] (Her.)

Defn: Surmounted by an ordinary; as, a lion is debruised when a bend or other ordinary is placed over it, as in the cut. The lion of England and the lilies of France without the baton sinister, under which, according to the laws of heraldry, they where debruised in token of his illegitimate birth. Macaulay.

DEBT Debt, n. Etym: [OE. dette, F. dette, LL. debita, fr. L. debitus owed, p. p. of debere to owe, prop., to have on loan; de- + habere to have. See Habit, and cf. Debit, Due.]

1. That which is due from one person to another, whether money, goods, or services; that which one person is bound to pay to another, or to perform for his benefit; thing owed; obligation; liability. Your son, my lord, has paid a soldier's debt. Shak. When you run in debt, you give to another power over your liberty. Franklin.

2. A duty neglected or violated; a fault; a sin; a trespass. "Forgive us our debts." Matt. vi. 12.

3. (Law)

Defn: An action at law to recover a certain specified sum of money alleged to be due. Burrill. Bond debt, Book debt, etc. See under Bond, Book, etc. -- Debt of nature, death.

DEBTED Debt"ed, p. a.

Defn: Indebted; obliged to. [R.] I stand debted to this gentleman. Shak.

DEBTEE Debt*ee", n. (Law)

Defn: One to whom a debt is due; creditor; -- correlative to debtor. Blackstone.

DEBTLESS Debt"less, a.

Defn: Free from debt. Chaucer.

DEBTOR Debt"or, n. Etym: [OE. dettur, dettour, OF. detor, detur, detour, F. débiteur, fr. L. debitor, fr. debere to owe. See Debt.]

Defn: One who owes a debt; one who is indebted; -- correlative to creditor. [I 'll] bring your latter hazard back again, And thankfully rest debtor for the first. Shak. In Athens an insolvent debtor became slave to his creditor. Mitford. Debtors for our lives to you. Tennyson.

DEBULLIATE De*bul"li*ate, v. i. Etym: [Pref. dé- + L. bullire to boil.]

Defn: To boil over. [Obs.]

DEBULLITION Deb`ul*li"tion, n. Etym: [See Debulliate.]

Defn: A bubbling or boiling over. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEBURSE De*burse", v. t. & i. Etym: [Pref. de + L. bursa purse.]

Defn: To disburse. [Obs.] Ludlow.

DEBUSCOPE De"bu*scope, n. Etym: [From the inventor, Debus, a French optician + -scope.] (Opt.)

Defn: A modification of the kaleidoscope; -- used to reflect images so as to form beautiful designs.

DEBUT Dé`but", n. Etym: [F. début, prop., the first cast or throw at play, fr. but aim, mark. See Butt an end.]

Defn: A beginning or first attempt; hence, a first appearance before the public, as of an actor or public speaker.

DEBUTANT; DEBUTANTE De`bu`tant", n.; fem. De`bu`tante" (. Etym: [F., p. pr. of débuter to have the first throw, to make one's début. See Début.]

Defn: A person who makes his (or her) first appearance before the public.

DECA- Dec"a-. Etym: [Cf. Ten.]

Defn: A prefix, from Gr. de`ka, signifying ten; specifically (Metric System), a prefix signifying the weight or measure that is ten times the principal unit.

DECACERATA De*cac`e*ra"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. de`ka ten + ke`ras a horn.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of Cephalopoda which includes the squids, cuttlefishes, and others having ten arms or tentacles; -- called also Decapoda. [Written also Decacera.] See Dibranchiata.

DECACHORD; DECACHORDON Dec"a*chord, Dec`a*chor"don, n. Etym: [Gr. deka`chordos tenstringed; de`ka ten + chordj` a string.]

1. An ancient Greek musical instrument of ten strings, resembling the harp.

2. Something consisting of ten parts. W. Watson.

DECACUMINATED Dec`a*cu"mi*na`ted, a. Etym: [L. decacuminare to cut off the top. See Cacuminate.]

Defn: Having the point or top cut off. [Obs.] Bailey.

DECAD Dec"ad, n.

Defn: A decade. Averill was a decad and a half his elder. Tennyson.

DECADAL Dec"a*dal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to ten; consisting of tens.

DECADE Dec"ade, n. Etym: [F. décade, L. decas, -adis, fr. Gr. Ten.]

Defn: A group or division of ten; esp., a period of ten years; a decennium; as, a decade of years or days; a decade of soldiers; the second decade of Livy. [Written also decad.] During this notable decade of years. Gladstone.

DECADENCE; DECADENCY De*ca"dence, De*ca"den*cy, n. Etym: [LL. decadentia; L. de- + cadere to fall: cf. F. décadence. See Decay.]

Defn: A falling away; decay; deterioration; declension. "The old castle, where the family lived in their decadence.' Sir W. Scott.

DECADENT De*ca"dent, a.

Defn: Decaying; deteriorating.

DECADIST Dec"a*dist, n.

Defn: A writer of a book divided into decades; as, Livy was a decadist. [R.]

DECAGON Dec"a*gon, n. Etym: [Pref. deca- + Gr. décagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure having ten sides and ten angles; any figure having ten angles. A regular decagon is one that has all its sides and angles equal.

DECAGONAL De*cag"o*nal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a decagon; having ten sides.

DECAGRAM; DECAGRAMME Dec"a*gram, Dec"a*gramme, n. Etym: [F. décagramme; Gr. gramme. See Gram.]

Defn: A weight of the metric system; ten grams, equal to about 154.32 grains avoirdupois.

DECAGYNIA Dec`a*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants characterized by having ten styles.

DECAGYNIAN; DECCAGYNOUS Dec`a*gyn"i*an, Dec*cag"y*nous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décagyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging to the Decagynia; having ten styles.

DECAHEDRAL Dec`a*he"dral, a.

Defn: Having ten sides.

DECAHEDRON Dec`a*he"dron, n.; pl. E. Decahedrons, L. Decahedra. Etym: [Pref. deca- + Gr. 'e`dra a seat, a base, fr. 'e`zesthai to sit: cf. F. décaèdre.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid figure or body inclosed by ten plane surfaces. [Written also, less correctly, decaedron.]

DECALCIFICATION De*cal`ci*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The removal of calcareous matter.

DECALCIFY De*cal"ci*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decalcified; p. pr. & vb. n. Decalcifying.]

Defn: To deprive of calcareous matter; thus, to decalcify bones is to remove the stony part, and leave only the gelatin.

DECALCOMANIA; DECALCOMANIE De*cal`co*ma"ni*a, De*cal`co*ma"nie, n. Etym: [F. décalcomanie.]

Defn: The art or process of transferring pictures and designs to china, glass, marble, etc., and permanently fixing them thereto.

DECALITER; DECALITRE Dec"a*li`ter, Dec"a*li`tre, n. Etym: [F. décalitre; Gr. litre. See Liter.]

Defn: A measure of capacity in the metric system; a cubic volume of ten liters, equal to about 610.24 cubic inches, that is, 2.642 wine gallons.

DECALOG Dec"a*log, n.

Defn: Decalogue.

DECALOGIST De*cal"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who explains the decalogue. J. Gregory.

DECALOGUE Dec"a*logue, n. Etym: [F. décalogue, L. decalogus, fr. Gr. Ten.]

Defn: The Ten Commandments or precepts given by God to Moses on Mount Sinai, and originally written on two tables of stone.

DECAMERON De*cam"e*ron, n. Etym: [It. decamerone, fr. Gr. décaméron.]

Defn: A celebrated collection of tales, supposed to be related in ten days; -- written in the 14th century, by Boccaccio, an Italian.

DECAMETER; DECAMETRE Dec"a*me`ter, Dec"a*me`tre, n. Etym: [F. décamètre; Gr. mètre. See Meter.]

Defn: A measure of length in the metric system; ten meters, equal to about 393.7 inches.

DECAMP De*camp", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Decamped; p. pr. & vb. n. Decamping.] Etym: [F. décamper; pref. dé- (L. dis) + camp camp. See Camp.]

1. To break up a camp; to move away from a camping ground, usually by night or secretly. Macaulay.

2. Hence, to depart suddenly; to run away; -- generally used disparagingly. The fathers were ordered to decamp, and the house was once again converted into a tavern. Goldsmith.

DECAMPMENT De*camp"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décampement.]

Defn: Departure from a camp; a marching off.

DECANAL Dec"a*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décanal. See Dean.]

Defn: Pertaining to a dean or deanery. His rectorial as well as decanal residence. Churton. Decanal side, the side of the choir on which the dean's tall is placed. -- Decanal stall, the stall allotted to the dean in the choir, on the right or south side of the chancel. Shipley.

DECANDRIA De*can"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants characterized by having ten stamens.

DECANDRIAN; DECANDROUS De*can"dri*an, De*can"drous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décandre.] (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging to the Decandria; having ten stamens.

DECANE Dec"ane, n. Etym: [See Deca-.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H22, of the paraffin series, including several isomeric modifications.

DECANGULAR Dec*an"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. deca- + angular.]

Defn: Having ten angles.

DECANI De*ca"ni, a. Etym: [L., lit., of the dean.]

Defn: Used of the side of the choir on which the dean's stall is placed; decanal; -- correlative to cantoris; as, the decanal, or decani, side.

DECANT De*cant", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Decanting.] Etym: [F. décanter (cf. It. decantare), prop., to pour off from the edge of a vessel; pref. dé- (L. de) + OF. cant (It. canto) edge, border, end. See Cant an edge.]

Defn: To pour off gently, as liquor, so as not to disturb the sediment; or to pour from one vessel into another; as, to decant wine.

DECANTATE De*can"tate, v. t.

Defn: To decant. [Obs.]

DECANTATION De`can*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décantation.]

Defn: The act of pouring off a clear liquor gently from its lees or sediment, or from one vessel into another.

DECANTER De*cant"er, n.

1. A vessel used to decant liquors, or for receiving decanted liquors; a kind of glass bottle used for holding wine or other liquors, from which drinking glasses are filled.

2. One who decants liquors.

DECAPHYLLOUS De*caph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Pref. deca- + Gr. décaphylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having ten leaves.

DECAPITATE De*cap"i*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decapitated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decapitating.] Etym: [LL. decapitatus, p. p. of decapitare; L. de- + caput head. See Chief.]

1. To cut off the head of; to behead.

2. To remove summarily from office. [Colloq. U. S.]

DECAPITATION De*cap`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [LL. decapitatio: cf. F. décapitation.]

Defn: The act of beheading; beheading.

DECAPOD Dec"a*pod, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décapode.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A crustacean with ten feet or legs, as a crab; one of the Decapoda. Also used adjectively.

DECAPODA De*cap"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The order of Crustacea which includes the shrimps, lobsters, crabs, etc.

Note: They have a carapace, covering and uniting the somites of the head and thorax and inclosing a gill chamber on each side, and usually have five (rarely six) pairs of legs. They are divided into two principal groups: Brachyura and Macrura. Some writers recognize a third (Anomura) intermediate between the others.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of the dibranchiate cephalopods including the cuttlefishes and squids. See Decacera.

DECAPODAL; DECAPODOUS Dec*ap"o*dal, Dec*ap"o*dous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the decapods; having ten feet; ten-footed.

DECARBONATE De*car"bon*ate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of carbonic acid.

DECARBONIZATION De*car`bon*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The action or process of depriving a substance of carbon.

DECARBONIZE De*car"bon*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decarbonized; p. pr. & vb. n. Decarbonizing.]

Defn: To deprive of carbon; as, to decarbonize steel; to decarbonize the blood. Decarbonized iron. See Malleable iron. -- Decarbonized steel, homogenous wrought iron made by a steel process, as that of Bessemer; ingot iron.

DECARBONIZER De*car"bon*i`zer, n.

Defn: He who, or that which, decarbonizes a substance.

DECARBURIZATION De*car`bu*ri*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act, process, or result of decarburizing.

DECARBURIZE De*car"bu*rize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of carbon; to remove the carbon from.

DECARD De*card", v. t.

Defn: To discard. [Obs.] You have cast those by, decarded them. J. Fletcher.

DECARDINALIZE De*car"di*nal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To depose from the rank of cardinal.

DECASTERE Dec"a*stere, n. Etym: [L. décastère; Gr. stère a stere.] (Metric System)

Defn: A measure of capacity, equal to ten steres, or ten cubic meters.

DECASTICH Dec"a*stich, n. Etym: [Pref. deca- + Gr.

Defn: A poem consisting of ten lines.

DECASTYLE Dec"a*style, a. Etym: [Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: Having ten columns in front; -- said of a portico, temple, etc. -- n.

Defn: A portico having ten pillars or columns in front.

DECASYLLABIC Dec`a*syl*lab"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. deca- + syllabic: cf. F. décasyllabique, décasyllable.]

Defn: Having, or consisting of, ten syllables.

DECATHLON De*cath"lon, n. [See Deca-; Pentathlon.]

Defn: In the modern Olympic Games, a composite contest consisting of a 100-meter run, a broad jump, putting the shot, a running high-jump, a 400-meter run, throwing the discus, a 100-meter hurdle race, pole vaulting, throwing the javelin, and a 1500-meter run.

DECATOIC Dec`a*to"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, decane.

DECAY De*cay", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Decayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Decaying.] Etym: [OF. decaeir, dechaer, decheoir, F. déchoir, to decline, fall, become less; L. de- + cadere to fall. See Chance.]

Defn: To pass gradually from a sound, prosperous, or perfect state, to one of imperfection, adversity, or dissolution; to waste away; to decline; to fail; to become weak, corrupt, or disintegrated; to rot; to perish; as, a tree decays; fortunes decay; hopes decay. Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, Where wealth accumulates and men decay. Goldsmith.

DECAY De*cay", v. t.

1. To cause to decay; to impair. [R.] Infirmity, that decays the wise. Shak.

2. To destroy. [Obs.] Shak.

DECAY De*cay", n.

1. Gradual failure of health, strength, soundness, prosperity, or of any species of excellence or perfection; tendency toward dissolution or extinction; corruption; rottenness; decline; deterioration; as, the decay of the body; the decay of virtue; the decay of the Roman empire; a castle in decay. Perhaps my God, though he be far before, May turn, and take me by the hand, and more -May strengthen my decays. Herbert. His [Johnson's] failure was not to be ascribed to intellectual decay. Macaulay. Which has caused the decay of the consonants to follow somewhat different laws. James Byrne.

2. Destruction; death. [Obs.] Spenser.

3. Cause of decay. [R.] He that plots to be the only figure among ciphers, is the decay of the whole age. Bacon.

Syn. -- Decline; consumption. See Decline.

DECAYED De*cayed", a.

Defn: Fallen, as to physical or social condition; affected with decay; rotten; as, decayed vegetation or vegetables; a decayed fortune or gentleman. -- De*cay"ed*ness, n.

DECAYER De*cay"er, n.

Defn: A causer of decay. [R.]

DECEASE De*cease", n. Etym: [OE. deses, deces, F. décès, fr. L. decessus departure, death, fr. decedere to depart, die; de- + cedere to withdraw. See Cease, Cede.]

Defn: Departure, especially departure from this life; death. His decease, which he should accomplish at Jerusalem. Luke ix. 31. And I, the whilst you mourn for his decease, Will with my mourning plaints your plaint increase. Spenser.

Syn. -- Death; departure; dissolution; demise; release. See Death.

DECEASE De*cease", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Deceased; p. pr. & vb. n. Deceasing.]

Defn: To depart from this life; to die; to pass away. She's dead, deceased, she's dead. Shak. When our summers have deceased. Tennyson. Inasmuch as he carries the malignity and the lie with him, he so far deceases from nature. Emerson.

DECEASED De*ceased", a.

Defn: Passed away; dead; gone. The deceased, the dead person.

DECEDE De*cede", v. i. Etym: [L. decedere. See Decease, n.]

Defn: To withdraw. [Obs.] Fuller.

DECEDENT De*ce"dent, a. Etym: [L. decedens, p. pr. of decedere.]

Defn: Removing; departing. Ash.

DECEDENT De*ce"dent, n.

Defn: A deceased person. Bouvier.

DECEIT De*ceit", n. Etym: [OF. deceit, des, decept (cf. deceite, de), fr. L. deceptus deception, fr. decipere. See Deceive.]

1. An attempt or disposition to deceive or lead into error; any declaration, artifice, or practice, which misleads another, or causes him to believe what is false; a contrivance to entrap; deception; a wily device; fraud. Making the ephah small and the shekel great, and falsifying the balances by deceit. Amos viii. 5. Friendly to man, far from deceit or guile. Milton. Yet still we hug the dear deceit. N. Cotton.

2. (Law)

Defn: Any trick, collusion, contrivance, false representation, or underhand practice, used to defraud another. When injury is thereby effected, an action of deceit, as it called, lies for compensation.

Syn. -- Deception; fraud; imposition; duplicity; trickery; guile; falsifying; double-dealing; stratagem. See Deception.

DECEITFUL De*ceit"ful, a.

Defn: Full of, or characterized by, deceit; serving to mislead or insnare; trickish; fraudulent; cheating; insincere. Harboring foul deceitful thoughts. Shak.

DECEITFULLY De*ceit"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: With intent to deceive.

DECEITFULNESS De*ceit"ful*ness, n.

1. The disposition to deceive; as, a man's deceitfulness may be habitual.

2. The quality of being deceitful; as, the deceitfulness of a man's practices.

3. Tendency to mislead or deceive. "The deceitfulness of riches." Matt. xiii. 22.

DECEITLESS De*ceit"less, a.

Defn: Free from deceit. Bp. Hall.

DECEIVABLE De*ceiv"a*ble, a. Etym: [F. décevable.]

1. Fitted to deceive; deceitful. [Obs.] The fraud of deceivable traditions. Milton.

2. Subject to deceit; capable of being misled. Blind, and thereby deceivable. Milton.

DECEIVABLENESS De*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n.

1. Capability of deceiving. With all deceivableness of unrighteousness. 2 Thess. ii. 10.

2. Liability to be deceived or misled; as, the deceivableness of a child.

DECEIVABLY De*ceiv"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In a deceivable manner.

DECEIVE De*ceive", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deceived; p. pr. & vb. n. Deceiving.] Etym: [OE. deceveir, F. décevoir, fr. L. decipere to catch, insnare, deceive; de- + capere to take, catch. See Capable, and cf. Deceit, Deception.]

1. To lead into error; to cause to believe what is false, or disbelieve what is true; to impose upon; to mislead; to cheat; to disappoint; to delude; to insnare. Evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived. 2 Tim. iii. 13. Nimble jugglers that deceive the eye. Shak. What can 'scape the eye Of God all-seeing, or deceive his heart Milton.

2. To beguile; to amuse, so as to divert the attention; to while away; to take away as if by deception. These occupations oftentimes deceived The listless hour. Wordsworth.

3. To deprive by fraud or stealth; to defraud. [Obs.] Plant fruit trees in large borders, and set therein fine flowers, but thin and sparingly, lest they deceive the trees. Bacon.

Syn. -- Deceive, Delude, Mislead. Deceive is a general word applicable to any kind of misrepresentation affecting faith or life. To delude, primarily, is to make sport of, by deceiving, and is accomplished by playing upon one's imagination or credulity, as by exciting false hopes, causing him to undertake or expect what is impracticable, and making his failure ridiculous. It implies some infirmity of judgment in the victim, and intention to deceive in the deluder. But it is often used reflexively, indicating that a person's own weakness has made him the sport of others or of fortune; as, he deluded himself with a belief that luck would always favor him. To mislead is to lead, guide, or direct in a wrong way, either willfully or ignorantly.

DECEIVER De*ceiv"er, n.

Defn: One who deceives; one who leads into error; a cheat; an impostor. The deceived and the deceiver are his. Job xii. 16.

Syn. -- Deceiver, Impostor. A deceiver operates by stealth and in private upon individuals; an impostor practices his arts on the community at large. The one succeeds by artful falsehoods, the other by bold assumption. The faithless friend and the fickle lover are deceivers; the false prophet and the pretended prince are impostors.

DECEMBER De*cem"ber, n. Etym: [F. décembre, from L. December, fr. decem ten; this being the tenth month among the early Romans, who began the year in March. See Ten.]

1. The twelfth and last month of the year, containing thirty-one days. During this month occurs the winter solstice.

2. Fig.: With reference to the end of the year and to the winter season; as, the December of his life.

DECEMBRIST De*cem"brist, n. (Russian Hist.)

Defn: One of those who conspired for constitutional government against the Emperor Nicholas on his accession to the throne at the death of Alexander I., in December, 1825; -- called also Dekabrist.

He recalls the history of the decembrists . . . that gallant band of revolutionists. G. Kennan.

DECEMDENTATE De`cem*den"tate, a. Etym: [L. decem ten + E. dentate.]

Defn: Having ten points or teeth.

DECEMFID De*cem"fid, a. Etym: [L. decem ten + root of findere to cleave.] (Bot.)

Defn: Cleft into ten parts.

DECEMLOCULAR De`cem*loc"u*lar, a. Etym: [L. decem ten + E. locular.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having ten cells for seeds.

DECEMPEDAL De*cem"pe*dal, a. Etym: [L. decem ten + E. pedal.]

1. Ten feet in length.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having ten feet; decapodal. [R.] Bailey.

DECEMVIR De*cem"vir, n.; pl. E. Decemvirs, L. Decemviri. Etym: [L., fr. decem ten + vir a man.]

1. One of a body of ten magistrates in ancient Rome.

Note: The title of decemvirs was given to various bodies of Roman magistrates. The most celebrated decemvirs framed "the laws of the Twelve Tables," about 450 B. C., and had absolute authority for three years.

2. A member of any body of ten men in authority.

DECEMVIRAL De*cem"vi*ral, a. Etym: [L. decemviralis.]

Defn: Pertaining to the decemvirs in Rome.

DECEMVIRATE De*cem"vi*rate, n. Etym: [L. decemviratus.]

1. The office or term of office of the decemvirs in Rome.

2. A body of ten men in authority.

DECEMVIRSHIP De*cem"vir*ship, n.

Defn: The office of a decemvir. Holland.

DECENCE De"cence, n.

Defn: Decency. [Obs.] Dryden.

DECENCY De"cen*cy, n.; pl. Decencies. Etym: [L. decentia, fr. decens: cf. F. décence. See Decent.]

1. The quality or state of being decent, suitable, or becoming, in words or behavior; propriety of form in social intercourse, in

## actions, or in discourse; proper formality; becoming ceremony;

seemliness; hence, freedom from obscenity or indecorum; modesty. Observances of time, place, and of decency in general. Burke. Immodest words admit of no defense, For want of decency is want of sense. Roscommon.

2. That which is proper or becoming. The external decencies of worship. Atterbury. Those thousand decencies, that daily flow From all her words and

## actions. Milton.

DECENE De"cene, n. Etym: [L. decem ten.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the higher hydrocarbons, C10H20, of the ethylene series.

DECENNARY De*cen"na*ry, n.; pl. Decennaries. Etym: [L. decennium a period of ten years; decem ten + annus a year.]

1. A period of ten years.

2. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A tithing consisting of ten neighboring families. Burrill.

DECENNIAL De*cen"ni*al, a. Etym: [See Decennary.]

Defn: Consisting of ten years; happening every ten years; as, a decennial period; decennial games. Hallam.

DECENNIAL De*cen"ni*al, n.

Defn: A tenth year or tenth anniversary.

DECENNIUM De*cen"ni*um, n.; pl. Decenniums, L. Decennia. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A period of ten years. "The present decennium." Hallam. "The last decennium of Chaucer's life." A. W. Ward.

DECENNOVAL; DECENNOVARY De*cen"no*val, De*cen"no*va*ry, a. Etym: [L. decem ten + novem nine.]

Defn: Pertaining to the number nineteen; of nineteen years. [R.] Holder.

DECENT De"cent, a. Etym: [L. decens, decentis, p. pr. of decere to be fitting or becoming; akin to decus glory, honor, ornament, Gr. d to grant, to give; and perh. akin to E. attire, tire: cf. F. décent. Cf. Decorate, Decorum, Deig.]

1. Suitable in words, behavior, dress, or ceremony; becoming; fit; decorous; proper; seemly; as, decent conduct; decent language. Shak. Before his decent steps. Milton.

2. Free from immodesty or obscenity; modest.

3. Comely; shapely; well-formed. [Archaic] A sable stole of cyprus lawn Over thy decent shoulders drawn. Milton. By foreign hands thy decent limbs composed. Pope.

4. Moderate, but competent; sufficient; hence, respectable; fairly good; reasonably comfortable or satisfying; as, a decent fortune; a decent person. A decent retreat in the mutability of human affairs. Burke. -- De"cent*ly, adv. -- De"cent*ness, n.

DECENTRALIZATION De*cen`tral*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The action of decentralizing, or the state of being decentralized. "The decentralization of France." J. P. Peters.

DECENTRALIZE De*cen"tral*ize, v. t.

Defn: To prevent from centralizing; to cause to withdraw from the center or place of concentration; to divide and distribute (what has been united or concentrated); -- esp. said of authority, or the administration of public affairs.

DECEPTIBLE De*cep"ti*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being deceived; deceivable. Sir T. Browne. -- De*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (, n.

DECEPTION De*cep"tion, n. Etym: [F. déception, L. deceptio, fr. decipere, deceptum. See Deceive.]

1. The act of deceiving or misleading. South.

2. The state of being deceived or misled. There is one thing relating either to the action or enjoyments of man in which he is not liable to deception. South.

3. That which deceives or is intended to deceive; false representation; artifice; cheat; fraud. There was of course room for vast deception. Motley.

Syn. -- Deception, Deceit, Fraud, Imposition. Deception usually refers to the act, and deceit to the habit of the mind; hence we speak of a person as skilled in deception and addicted to deceit. The practice of deceit springs altogether from design, and that of the worst kind; but a deception does not always imply aim and intention. It may be undesigned or accidental. An imposition is an act of deception practiced upon some one to his annoyance or injury; a fraud implies the use of stratagem, with a view to some unlawful gain or advantage.

DECEPTIOUS De*cep"tious, a. Etym: [LL. deceptiosus.]

Defn: Tending deceive; delusive. [R.] As if those organs had deceptious functions. Shak.

DECEPTIVE De*cep"tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déceptif. See Deceive.]

Defn: Tending to deceive; having power to mislead, or impress with false opinions; as, a deceptive countenance or appearance. Language altogether deceptive, and hiding the deeper reality from our eyes. Trench. Deceptive cadence (Mus.), a cadence on the subdominant, or in some foreign key, postponing the final close.

DECEPTIVELY De*cep"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to deceive.

DECEPTIVENESS De*cep"tive*ness, n.

Defn: The power or habit of deceiving; tendency or aptness to deceive.

DECEPTIVITY De`cep*tiv"i*ty, n.

Defn: Deceptiveness; a deception; a sham. [R.] Carlyle.

DECEPTORY De*cep"to*ry, a. Etym: [L. deceptorius, from decipere.]

Defn: Deceptive. [R.]

DECERN De*cern", v. t. Etym: [L. decernere. See Decree.]

1. To perceive, discern, or decide. [Obs.] Granmer.

2. (Scots Law)

Defn: To decree; to adjudge.

DECERNITURE De*cern"i*ture, n. (Scots Law)

Defn: A decree or sentence of a court. Stormonth.

DECERP De*cerp", v. t. Etym: [L. decerpere; de- + carpere to pluck.]

Defn: To pluck off; to crop; to gather. [Obs.]

DECERPT De*cerpt", a. Etym: [L. decerptus, p. p. of decerpere.]

Defn: Plucked off or away. [Obs.]

DECERPTIBLE De*cerp"ti*ble, a.

Defn: That may be plucked off, cropped, or torn away. [Obs.] Bailey.

DECERPTION De*cerp"tion, n.

1. The act of plucking off; a cropping.

2. That which is plucked off or rent away; a fragment; a piece. Glanvill.

DECERTATION De`cer*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. decertatio, fr. decertare, decertatum; de- + certare to contend.]

Defn: Contest for mastery; contention; strife. [R.] Arnway.

DECESSION De*ces"sion, n. Etym: [L. decessio, fr. decedere to depart. See Decease, n.]

Defn: Departure; decrease; -- opposed to accesion. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DECHARM De*charm", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. décharmer. See Charm.]

Defn: To free from a charm; to disenchant.

DECHRISTIANIZE De*chris"tian*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dechristianized; p. pr. & vb. n. Dechristianizing.]

Defn: To turn from, or divest of, Christianity.

DECIARE Dec"i*are`, n. [F. déciare; pref. déci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) + are. See 2d Are.] (Metric System)

Defn: A measure of area, the tenth part of an are; ten square meters.

DECIDABLE De*cid"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being decided; determinable.

DECIDE De*cide", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decided; p. pr. & vb. n. Deciding.] Etym: [L. decidere; de- + caedere to cut, cut off; prob. akin to E. shed, v.: cf. F. décider. Cf. Decision.]

1. To cut off; to separate. [Obs.] Our seat denies us traffic here; The sea, too near, decides us from the rest. Fuller.

2. To bring to a termination, as a question, controversy, struggle, by giving the victory to one side or party; to render judgment concerning; to determine; to settle. So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided it. 1 Kings xx. 40. The quarrel toucheth none but us alone; Betwixt ourselves let us decide it then. Shak.

DECIDE De*cide", v. i.

Defn: To determine; to form a definite opinion; to come to a conclusion; to give decision; as, the court decided in favor of the defendant. Who shall decide, when doctors disagree Pope.

DECIDED De*cid"ed, a.

1. Free from ambiguity; unequivocal; unmistakable; unquestionable; clear; evident; as, a decided advantage. "A more decided taste for science." Prescott.

2. Free from doubt or wavering; determined; of fixed purpose; fully settled; positive; resolute; as, a decided opinion or purpose.

Syn. -- Decided, Decisive. We call a thing decisive when it has the power or quality of deciding; as, a decisive battle; we speak of it as decided when it is so fully settled as to leave no room for doubt; as, a decided preference, a decided aversion. Hence, a decided victory is one about which there is no question; a decisive victory is one which ends the contest. Decisive is applied only to things; as, a decisive sentence, a decisive decree, a decisive judgment. Decided is applied equally to persons and things. Thus we speak of a man as decided in his whole of conduct; and as having a decided disgust, or a decided reluctance, to certain measures. "A politic caution, a guarded circumspection, were among the ruling principles of our forefathers in their most decided conduct." Burke. "The sentences of superior judges are final, decisive, and irrevocable. Blackstone.

DECIDEDLY De*cid"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a decided manner; indisputably; clearly; thoroughly.

DECIDEMENT De*cide"ment, n.

Defn: Means of forming a decision. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DECIDENCE Dec"i*dence, n. Etym: [L. decidens falling off.]

Defn: A falling off. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

DECIDER De*cid"er, n.

Defn: One who decides.

DECIDUA De*cid"u*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. deciduus. See Deciduous.] (Anat.)

Defn: The inner layer of the wall of the uterus, which envelops the embryo, forms a part of the placenta, and is discharged with it.

DECIDUATA De*cid`u*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of Mammalia in which a decidua is thrown off with, or after, the fetus, as in the human species.

DECIDUATE De*cid"u*ate, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Possessed of, or characterized by, a decidua.

DECIDUITY Dec`i*du"i*ty, n.

Defn: Deciduousness. [R.]

DECIDUOUS De*cid"u*ous, a. Etym: [L. deciduus, fr. dec to fall off; de- + cadere to fall. See Chance.] (Biol.)

Defn: Falling off, or subject to fall or be shed, at a certain season, or a certain stage or interval of growth, as leaves (except of evergreens) in autumn, or as parts of animals, such as hair, teeth, antlers, etc.; also, shedding leaves or parts at certain seasons, stages, or intervals; as, deciduous trees; the deciduous membrane.

DECIDUOUSNESS De*cid"u*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being deciduous.

DECIGRAM; DECIGRAMME Dec"i*gram, Dec"i*gramme, n. Etym: [F. décigramme; pref. déci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) + gramme.]

Defn: A weight in the metric system; one tenth of a gram, equal to 1.5432 grains avoirdupois.

DECIL; DECILE Dec"il, Dec"ile, n. Etym: [F. décil, fr. L. decem tendecile.] (Astrol.)

Defn: An aspect or position of two planets, when they are distant from each other a tenth part of the zodiac, or 36º.

DECILITER; DECILITRE Dec"i*li`ter, Dec"i*li`tre, n. Etym: [F. décilitre; pref. déci- tenth (L. decimus) + litre. See Liter.]

Defn: A measure of capacity or volume in the metric system; one tenth of a liter, equal to 6.1022 cubic inches, or 3.38 fluid ounces.

DECILLION De*cil"lion, n. Etym: [L. decem ten + the ending of million.]

Defn: According to the English notation, a million involved to the tenth power, or a unit with sixty ciphers annexed; according to the French and American notation, a thousand involved to the eleventh power, or a unit with thirty-three ciphers annexed. [See the Note under Numeration.]

DECILLIONTH De*cil"lionth, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a decillion, or to the quotient of unity divided by a decillion.

DECILLIONTH De*cil"lionth, n. (a) The quotient of unity divided by a decillion. (b) One of a decillion equal parts.

DECIMAL Dec"i*mal, a. Etym: [F. décimal (cf. LL. decimalis), fr. L. decimus tenth, fr. decem ten. See Ten, and cf. Dime.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to decimals; numbered or proceeding by tens; having a tenfold increase or decrease, each unit being ten times the unit next smaller; as, decimal notation; a decimal coinage. Decimal arithmetic, the common arithmetic, in which numeration proceeds by tens. -- Decimal fraction, a fraction in which the denominator is some power of 10, as -- Decimal point, a dot or full stop at the left of a decimal fraction. The figures at the left of the point represent units or whole numbers, as 1.05.

DECIMAL Dec"i*mal, n.

Defn: A number expressed in the scale of tens; specifically, and almost exclusively, used as synonymous with a decimal fraction. Circulating, or Circulatory, decimal, a decimal fraction in which the same figure, or set of figures, is constantly repeated; as, 0.354354354; -- called also recurring decimal, repeating decimal, and repetend.

DECIMALISM Dec"i*mal*ism, n.

Defn: The system of a decimal currency, decimal weights, measures, etc.

DECIMALIZE Dec"i*mal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To reduce to a decimal system; as, to decimalize the currency. -- Dec`i*mal*i*za"tion, n.

DECIMALLY Dec"i*mal*ly, adv.

Defn: By tens; by means of decimals.

DECIMATE Dec"i*mate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decimated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decimating.] Etym: [L. decimatus, p. p. of decimare to decimate (in senses 1 & 2), fr. decimus tenth. See Decimal.]

1. To take the tenth part of; to tithe. Johnson.

2. To select by lot and punish with death every tenth man of; as, to decimate a regiment as a punishment for mutiny. Macaulay.

3. To destroy a considerable part of; as, to decimate an army in battle; to decimate a people by disease.

DECIMATION Dec`i*ma"tion, n. Etym: [L. decimatio: cf. F. décimation.]

1. A tithing. [Obs.] State Trials (1630).

2. A selection of every tenth person by lot, as for punishment. Shak.

3. The destruction of any large proportion, as of people by pestilence or war. Milman.

DECIMATOR Dec"i*ma`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. decimator.]

Defn: One who decimates. South.

DECIME Dé`cime", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A French coin, the tenth part of a franc, equal to about two cents.

DECIMETER; DECIMETRE Dec"i*me`ter, Dec"i*me`tre, n. Etym: [F. décimètre; pref. déci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) + mètre. See Meter.]

Defn: A measure of length in the metric system; one tenth of a meter, equal to 3.937 inches.

DECIMOSEXTO Dec`i*mo*sex"to, n. Etym: [Prop., in sixteenth; fr. L. decimus tenth + sextus sixth.]

Defn: A book consisting of sheets, each of which is folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size of book; -- usually written 16mo or 16º.

DECIMOSEXTO Dec`i*mo*sex"to, a.

Defn: Having sixteen leaves to a sheet; as, a decimosexto form, book, leaf, size.

DECINE De"cine (; 104), n. Etym: [From L. decem ten.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the higher hydrocarbons, C10H15, of the acetylene series; -- called also decenylene.

DECIPHER De*ci"pher, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deciphered; p. pr. & vb. n. Deciphering.] Etym: [Pref. de- + cipher. Formed in imitation of F. déchiffrer. See Cipher.]

1. To translate from secret characters or ciphers into intelligible terms; as, to decipher a letter written in secret characters.

2. To find out, so as to be able to make known the meaning of; to make out or read, as words badly written or partly obliterated; to detect; to reveal; to unfold.

3. To stamp; to detect; to discover. [R.] You are both deciphered, . . . For villains. Shak.

DECIPHERABLE De*ci"pher*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being deciphered; as, old writings not decipherable.

DECIPHERER De*ci"pher*er, n.

Defn: One who deciphers.

DECIPHERESS De*ci"pher*ess, n.

Defn: A woman who deciphers.

DECIPHERMENT De*ci"pher*ment, n.

Defn: The act of deciphering.

DECIPIENCY De*cip"i*en*cy, n. Etym: [L. decipiens, p. pr. of decipere. See Deceive.]

Defn: State of being deceived; hallucination. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DECIPIUM De*cip"i*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. decipere to deceive.] (Chem.)

Defn: A supposed rare element, said to be associated with cerium, yttrium, etc., in the mineral samarskite, and more recently called samarium. Symbol Dp. See Samarium.

DECISION De*ci"sion, n. Etym: [L. decisio, fr. decidere, decisum: cf. F. décision. See Decide.]

1. Cutting off; division; detachment of a part. [Obs.] Bp. Pearson.

2. The act of deciding; act of settling or terminating, as a controversy, by giving judgment on the matter at issue; determination, as of a question or doubt; settlement; conclusion. The decision of some dispute. Atterbury.

3. An account or report of a conclusion, especially of a legal adjudication or judicial determination of a question or cause; as, a decision of arbitrators; a decision of the Supreme Court.

4. The quality of being decided; prompt and fixed determination; unwavering firmness; as, to manifest great decision.

Syn. -- Decision, Determination, Resolution. Each of these words has two meanings, one implying the act of deciding, determining, or resolving; and the other a habit of mind as to doing. It is in the last sense that the words are here compared. Decision is a cutting short. It implies that several courses of action have been presented to the mind, and that the choice is now finally made. It supposes, therefore, a union of promptitude and energy. Determination is the natural consequence of decision. It is the settling of a thing with a fixed purpose to adhere. Resolution is the necessary result in a mind which is characterized by firmness. It is a spirit which scatters (resolves) all doubt, and is ready to face danger or suffering in carrying out one's determinations. Martin Luther was equally distinguished for his prompt decision, his steadfast determination, and his inflexible resolution.

DECISIVE De*ci*sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décisif. See Decision.]

1. Having the power or quality of deciding a question or controversy; putting an end to contest or controversy; final; conclusive. "A decisive, irrevocable doom." Bates. "Decisive campaign." Macaulay. "Decisive proof." Hallam.

2. Marked by promptness and decision. A noble instance of this attribute of the decisive character. J. Foster.

Syn. -- Decided; positive; conclusive. See Decided. -- De*ci"sive*ly, adv. -- De*ci"sive*ness, n.

DECISORY De*ci"so*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décisoire. See Decision.]

Defn: Able to decide or determine; having a tendency to decide. [R.]

DECISTERE Dec"i*stere, n. Etym: [F. décistère; pref. déci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) + stère a stere.] (Metric System)

Defn: The tenth part of the stere or cubic meter, equal to 3.531 cubic feet. See Stere.

DECITIZENIZE De*cit"i*zen*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of the rights of citizenship. [R.] We have no law -- as the French have -- to decitizenize a citizen. Edw. Bates.

DECIVILIZE De*civ"i*lize, v. t.

Defn: To reduce from civilization to a savage state. [R.] Blackwood's Mag.

DECK Deck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decked; p. pr. & vb. n. Decking.] Etym: [D. dekken to cover; akin to E. thatch. See Thatch.]

1. To cover; to overspread. To deck with clouds the uncolored sky. Milton.

2. To dress, as the person; to clothe; especially, to clothe with more than ordinary elegance; to array; to adorn; to embellish. Deck thyself now with majesty and excellency. Job xl. 10. And deck my body in gay ornaments. Shak. The dew with spangles decked the ground. Dryden.

3. To furnish with a deck, as a vessel.

DECK Deck, n. Etym: [D. dek. See Deck, v.]

1. The floorlike covering of the horizontal sections, or compartments, of a ship. Small vessels have only one deck; larger ships have two or three decks.

Note: The following are the more common names of the decks of vessels having more than one. Berth deck (Navy), a deck next below the gun deck, where the hammocks of the crew are swung. -- Boiler deck (River Steamers), the deck on which the boilers are placed. -- Flush deck, any continuous, unbroken deck from stem to stern. -- Gun deck (Navy), a deck below the spar deck, on which the ship's guns are carried. If there are two gun decks, the upper one is called the main deck, the lower, the lower gun deck; if there are three, one is called the middle gun deck. -- Half-deck, that portion of the deck next below the spar deck which is between the mainmast and the cabin. -- Hurricane deck (River Steamers, etc.), the upper deck, usually a light deck, erected above the frame of the hull. -- Orlop deck, the deck or part of a deck where the cables are stowed, usually below the water line. -- Poop deck, the deck forming the roof of a poop or poop cabin, built on the upper deck and extending from the mizzenmast aft. -- Quarter-deck, the part of the upper deck abaft the mainmast, including the poop deck when there is one. -- Spar deck. (a) Same as the upper deck. (b) Sometimes a light deck fitted over the upper deck. -- Upper deck, the highest deck of the hull, extending from stem to stern.

2. (arch.)

Defn: The upper part or top of a mansard roof or curb roof when made nearly flat.

3. (Railroad)

Defn: The roof of a passenger car.

4. A pack or set of playing cards. The king was slyly fingered from the deck. Shak.

5. A heap or store. [Obs.] Who . . . hath such trinkets Ready in the deck. Massinger. Between decks. See under Between. -- Deck bridge (Railroad Engineering), a bridge which carries the track upon the upper chords; -- distinguished from a through bridge, which carries the track upon the lower chords, between the girders. -- Deck curb (Arch.), a curb supporting a deck in roof construction. -- Deck floor (Arch.), a floor which serves also as a roof, as of a belfry or balcony. -- Deck hand, a sailor hired to help on the vessel's deck, but not expected to go aloft. -- Deck molding (Arch.), the molded finish of the edge of a deck, making the junction with the lower slope of the roof. -- Deck roof (Arch.), a nearly flat roof which is not surmounted by parapet walls. -- Deck transom (Shipbuilding), the transom into which the deck is framed. -- To clear the decks (Naut.), to remove every unnecessary incumbrance in preparation for battle; to prepare for action. -- To sweep the deck (Card Playing), to clear off all the stakes on the table by winning them.

DECKEL Deck"el, n. (Paper Making)

Defn: Same as Deckle.

DECKER Deck"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, decks or adorns; a coverer; as, a table decker.

2. A vessel which has a deck or decks; -- used esp. in composition; as, a single-decker; a three-decker.

DECKLE Dec"kle, n. Etym: [Cf. G. deckel cover, lid.] (Paper Making)

Defn: A separate thin wooden frame used to form the border of a hand mold, or a curb of India rubber or other material which rests on, and forms the edge of, the mold in a paper machine and determines the width of the paper. [Spelt also deckel, and deckle.]

DECKLE EDGE Dec"kle edge`.

Defn: The rough, untrimmed edge of paper left by the deckle; also, a rough edge in imitation of this.

DECKLE-EDGED Dec"kle-edged`, a.

Defn: Having a deckle edge; as, deckle-edged paper; a deckle-edged book.

DECLAIM De*claim", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Declaimed; p. pr. & vb. n. Declaiming.] Etym: [L. declamare; de- + clamare to cry out: cf. F. déclamer. See Claim.]

1. To speak rhetorically; to make a formal speech or oration; to harangue; specifically, to recite a speech, poem, etc., in public as a rhetorical exercise; to practice public speaking; as, the students declaim twice a week.

2. To speak for rhetorical display; to speak pompously, noisily, or theatrically; to make an empty speech; to rehearse trite arguments in debate; to rant. Grenville seized the opportunity to declaim on the repeal of the stamp act. Bancroft.

DECLAIM De*claim", v. t.

1. To utter in public; to deliver in a rhetorical or set manner.

2. To defend by declamation; to advocate loudly. [Obs.] "Declaims his cause." South.

DECLAIMANT De*claim"ant, n.

Defn: A declaimer. [R.]

DECLAIMER De*claim"er, n.

Defn: One who declaims; an haranguer.

DECLAMATION Dec`la*ma"tion, n. Etym: [L. declamatio, from declamare: cf. F. déclamation. See Declaim.]

1. The act or art of declaiming; rhetorical delivery; haranguing; loud speaking in public; especially, the public recitation of speeches as an exercise in schools and colleges; as, the practice declamation by students. The public listened with little emotion, but with much civility, to five acts of monotonous declamation. Macaulay.

2. A set or harangue; declamatory discourse.

3. Pretentious rhetorical display, with more sound than sense; as, mere declamation.

DECLAMATOR Dec"la*ma`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A declaimer. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.

DECLAMATORY De*clam"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. declamatorius: cf. F. déclamatoire.]

1. Pertaining to declamation; treated in the manner of a rhetorician; as, a declamatory theme.

2. Characterized by rhetorical display; pretentiously rhetorical; without solid sense or argument; bombastic; noisy; as, a declamatory way or style.

DECLARABLE De*clar"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being declared. Sir T. Browne.

DECLARANT De*clar"ant, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déclarant, p. pr. of déclarer.] (Law)

Defn: One who declares. Abbott.

DECLARATION Dec`la*ra"tion, n. Etym: [F. déclaration, fr. L. declaratio, fr. declarare. See Declare.]

1. The act of declaring, or publicly announcing; explicit asserting; undisguised token of a ground or side taken on any subject; proclamation; exposition; as, the declaration of an opinion; a declaration of war, etc.

2. That which is declared or proclaimed; announcement; distinct statement; formal expression; avowal. Declarations of mercy and love . . . in the Gospel. Tillotson.

3. The document or instrument containing such statement or proclamation; as, the Declaration of Independence (now preserved in Washington). In 1776 the Americans laid before Europe that noble Declaration, which ought to be hung up in the nursery of every king, and blazoned on the porch of every royal palace. Buckle.

4. (Law)

Defn: That part of the process in which the plaintiff sets forth in order and at large his cause of complaint; the narration of the plaintiff's case containing the count, or counts. See Count, n., 3. Declaration of Independence. (Amer. Hist.) See under Independence. -- Declaration of rights. (Eng. Hist) See Bill of rights, under Bill. -- Declaration of trust (Law), a paper subscribed by a grantee of property, acknowledging that he holds it in trust for the purposes and upon the terms set forth. Abbott.

DECLARATIVE De*clar"a*tive, a. Etym: [L. declarativus, fr. declarare: cf. F. déclaratif.]

Defn: Making declaration, proclamation, or publication; explanatory; assertive; declaratory. "Declarative laws." Baker. The "vox populi," so declarative on the same side. Swift.

DECLARATIVELY De*clar"a*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: By distinct assertion; not impliedly; in the form of a declaration. The priest shall expiate it, that is, declaratively. Bates.

DECLARATOR Dec"la*ra`tor, n. Etym: [L., an announcer.] (Scots Law)

Defn: A form of action by which some right or interest is sought to be judicially declared.

DECLARATORILY De*clar"a*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a declaratory manner.

DECLARATORY De*clar"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déclaratoire.]

Defn: Making declaration, explanation, or exhibition; making clear or manifest; affirmative; expressive; as, a clause declaratory of the will of the legislature. Declaratory act (Law), an act or statute which sets forth more clearly, and declares what is, the existing law.

DECLARE De*clare", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Declared; p. pr. & vb. n. Declaring.] Etym: [F. déclarer, from L. declarare; de + clarare to make clear, clarus, clear, bright. See Clear.]

1. To make clear; to free from obscurity. [Obs.] "To declare this a little." Boyle.

2. To make known by language; to communicate or manifest explicitly and plainly in any way; to exhibit; to publish; to proclaim; to announce. This day I have begot whom I declare My only Son. Milton. The heavens declare the glory of God. Ps. xix. 1.

3. To make declaration of; to assert; to affirm; to set forth; to avow; as, he declares the story to be false. I the Lord . . . declare things that are right. Isa. xlv. 19.

4. (Com.)

Defn: To make full statement of, as goods, etc., for the purpose of paying taxes, duties, etc. To declare off, to recede from an agreement, undertaking, contract, etc.; to renounce. -- To declare one's self, to avow one's opinion; to show openly what one thinks, or which side he espouses.

DECLARE De*clare", v. i.

1. To make a declaration, or an open and explicit avowal; to proclaim one's self; -- often with for or against; as, victory declares against the allies. Like fawning courtiers, for success they wait, And then come smiling, and declare for fate. Dryden.

2. (Law)

Defn: To state the plaintiff's cause of action at law in a legal form; as, the plaintiff declares in trespass.

DECLAREDLY De*clar"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: Avowedly; explicitly.

DECLAREDNESS De*clar"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being declared.

DECLAREMENT De*clare"ment, n.

Defn: Declaration. [Obs.]

DECLARER De*clar"er, n.

Defn: One who makes known or proclaims; that which exhibits. Udall.

DECLASS De*class", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Declassed; p. pr. & vb. n. Declassing.] [Cf. F. déclasser.]

Defn: To remove from a class; to separate or degrade from one's class. North Am. Rev.

DECLENSION De*clen"sion, n. Etym: [Apparently corrupted fr. F. déclinaison, fr. L. declinatio, fr. declinare. See Decline, and cf. Declination.]

1. The act or the state of declining; declination; descent; slope. The declension of the land from that place to the sea. T. Burnet.

2. A falling off towards a worse state; a downward tendency; deterioration; decay; as, the declension of virtue, of science, of a state, etc. Seduced the pitch and height of all his thoughts To base declension. Shak.

3. Act of courteously refusing; act of declining; a declinature; refusal; as, the declension of a nomination.

4. (Gram.) (a) Inflection of nouns, adjectives, etc., according to the grammatical cases. (b) The form of the inflection of a word declined by cases; as, the first or the second declension of nouns, adjectives, etc. (c) Rehearsing a word as declined.

Note: The nominative was held to be the primary and original form, and was likened to a perpendicular line; the variations, or oblique cases, were regarded as fallings (hence called casus, cases, or fallings) from the nominative or perpendicular; and an enumerating of the various forms, being a sort of progressive descent from the noun's upright form, was called a declension. Harris. Declension of the needle, declination of the needle.

DECLENSIONAL De*clen"sion*al, a.

Defn: Belonging to declension. Declensional and syntactical forms. M. Arnold.

DECLINABLE De*clin"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déclinable. See Decline.]

Defn: Capable of being declined; admitting of declension or inflection; as, declinable parts of speech.

DECLINAL De*clin"al, a.

Defn: Declining; sloping.

DECLINATE Dec"li*nate, a. Etym: [L. declinatus, p. p. of declinare. See Decline.]

Defn: Bent downward or aside; (Bot.) bending downward in a curve; declined.

DECLINATION Dec`li*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. declinatio a bending aside, an avoiding: cf. F. déclination a decadence. See Declension.]

1. The act or state of bending downward; inclination; as, declination of the head.

2. The act or state of falling off or declining from excellence or perfection; deterioration; decay; decline. "The declination of monarchy." Bacon. Summer . . . is not looked on as a time Of declination or decay. Waller.

3. The act of deviating or turning aside; oblique motion; obliquity; withdrawal. The declination of atoms in their descent. Bentley. Every declination and violation of the rules. South.

4. The act or state of declining or refusing; withdrawal; refusal; averseness. The queen's declination from marriage. Stow.

5. (Astron.)

Defn: The angular distance of any object from the celestial equator, either northward or southward.

6. (Dialing)

Defn: The arc of the horizon, contained between the vertical plane and the prime vertical circle, if reckoned from the east or west, or between the meridian and the plane, reckoned from the north or south.

7. (Gram.)

Defn: The act of inflecting a word; declension. See Decline, v. t., 4. Angle of declination, the angle made by a descending line, or plane, with a horizontal plane. -- Circle of declination, a circle parallel to the celestial equator. -- Declination compass (Physics), a compass arranged for finding the declination of the magnetic needle. -- Declination of the compass or needle, the horizontal angle which the magnetic needle makes with the true north-and-south line.

DECLINATOR Dec"li*na`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déclinateur. See Decline.]

1. An instrument for taking the declination or angle which a plane makes with the horizontal plane.

2. A dissentient. [R.] Bp. Hacket.

DECLINATORY De*clin"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [LL. declinatorius, fr. L. declinare: cf. F. déclinatoire.]

Defn: Containing or involving a declination or refusal, as of submission to a charge or sentence. Blackstone. Declinatory plea (O. Eng. Law), the plea of sanctuary or of benefit of clergy, before trial or conviction; -- now abolished.

DECLINATURE De*clin"a*ture, n.

Defn: The act of declining or refusing; as, the declinature of an office.

DECLINE De*cline", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Declined; p. pr. & vb. n. Declining.] Etym: [OE. declinen to bend down, lower, sink, decline (a noun), F. décliner to decline, refuse, fr. L. declinare to turn aside, inflect (a part of speech), avoid; de- + clinare to incline; akin to E. lean. See Lean, v. i.]

1. To bend, or lean downward; to take a downward direction; to bend over or hang down, as from weakness, weariness, despondency, etc.; to condescend. "With declining head." Shak. He . . . would decline even to the lowest of his family. Lady Hutchinson. Disdaining to decline, Slowly he falls, amidst triumphant cries. Byron. The ground at length became broken and declined rapidly. Sir W. Scott.

2. To tend or draw towards a close, decay, or extinction; to tend to a less perfect state; to become diminished or impaired; to fail; to sink; to diminish; to lessen; as, the day declines; virtue declines; religion declines; business declines. That empire must decline Whose chief support and sinews are of coin. Waller. And presume to know . . . Who thrives, and who declines. Shak.

3. To turn or bend aside; to deviate; to stray; to withdraw; as, a line that declines from straightness; conduct that declines from sound morals. Yet do I not decline from thy testimonies. Ps. cxix. 157.

4. To turn away; to shun; to refuse; -- the opposite of accept or consent; as, he declined, upon principle.

DECLINE De*cline", v. t.

1. To bend downward; to bring down; to depress; to cause to bend, or fall. In melancholy deep, with head declined. Thomson. And now fair Phoebus gan decline in haste His weary wagon to the western vale. Spenser.

2. To cause to decrease or diminish. [Obs.] "You have declined his means." Beau. & Fl. He knoweth his error, but will not seek to decline it. Burton.

3. To put or turn aside; to turn off or away from; to refuse to undertake or comply with; reject; to shun; to avoid; as, to decline an offer; to decline a contest; he declined any participation with them. Could I Decline this dreadful hour Massinger.

4. (Gram.)

Defn: To inflect, or rehearse in order the changes of grammatical form of; as, to decline a noun or an adjective.

Note: Now restricted to such words as have case inflections; but formerly it was applied both to declension and conjugation. After the first declining of a noun and a verb. Ascham.

5. To run through from first to last; to repeat like a schoolboy declining a noun. [R.] Shak.

DECLINE De*cline", n. Etym: [F. déclin. See Decline, v. i.]

1. A falling off; a tendency to a worse state; diminution or decay; deterioration; also, the period when a thing is tending toward extinction or a less perfect state; as, the decline of life; the decline of strength; the decline of virtue and religion. Their fathers lived in the decline of literature. Swift.

2. (Med.)

Defn: That period of a disorder or paroxysm when the symptoms begin to abate in violence; as, the decline of a fever.

3. A gradual sinking and wasting away of the physical faculties; any wasting disease, esp. pulmonary consumption; as, to die of a decline. Dunglison.

Syn. -- Decline, Decay, Consumption. Decline marks the first stage in a downward progress; decay indicates the second stage, and denotes a tendency to ultimate destruction; consumption marks a steady decay from an internal exhaustion of strength. The health may experience a decline from various causes at any period of life; it is naturally subject to decay with the advance of old age; consumption may take place at almost any period of life, from disease which wears out the constitution. In popular language decline is often used as synonymous with consumption. By a gradual decline, states and communities lose their strength and vigor; by progressive decay, they are stripped of their honor, stability, and greatness; by a consumption of their resources and vital energy, they are led rapidly on to a completion of their existence.

DECLINED De*clined", a.

Defn: Declinate.

DECLINER De*clin"er, n.

Defn: He who declines or rejects. A studious decliner of honors. Evelyn.

DECLINOMETER Dec`li*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Decline + -meter.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the declination of the magnetic needle.

DECLINOUS De*clin"ous, a.

Defn: Declinate.

DECLIVITOUS; DECLIVOUS De*cliv"i*tous, De*cli"vous, a.

Defn: Descending gradually; moderately steep; sloping; downhill.

DECLIVITY De*cliv"i*ty, n.; pl. Declivities. Etym: [L. declivitas, fr. declivis sloping, downhill; de + clivus a slope, a hill; akin to clinare to incline: cf. F. déclivité. See Decline.]

1. Deviation from a horizontal line; gradual descent of surface; inclination downward; slope; -- opposed to acclivity, or ascent; the same slope, considered as descending, being a declivity, which, considered as ascending, is an acclivity.

2. A descending surface; a sloping place. Commodious declivities and channels for the passage of the waters. Derham.

DECOCT De*coct", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decocted; p. pr. & vb. n. Decocting.] Etym: [L. decoctus, p. p. of decoquere to boil down; de- + coquere to cook, boil. See Cook to decoct.]

1. To prepare by boiling; to digest in hot or boiling water; to extract the strength or flavor of by boiling; to make an infusion of.

2. To prepare by the heat of the stomach for assimilation; to digest; to concoct.

3. To warm, strengthen, or invigorate, as if by boiling. [R.] "Decoct their cold blood." Shak.

DECOCTIBLE De*coct"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being boiled or digested.

DECOCTION De*coc"tion, n. Etym: [F. décoction, L. decoctio.]

1. The act or process of boiling anything in a watery fluid to extract its virtues. In decoction . . . it either purgeth at the top or settleth at the bottom. Bacon.

2. An extract got from a body by boiling it in water. If the plant be boiled in water, the strained liquor is called the decoction of the plant. Arbuthnot. In pharmacy decoction is opposed to infusion, where there is merely steeping. Latham.

DECOCTURE De*coc"ture, n.

Defn: A decoction. [R.]

DECOHERER De`co*her"er, n. [Pref. de- + coherer.] (Elec.)

Defn: A device for restoring a coherer to its normal condition after it has been affected by an electric wave, a process usually accomplished by some method of tapping or shaking, or by rotation of the coherer.

DECOLLATE De*col"late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decollated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decollating.] Etym: [L. decollatus, p. p. of decollare to behead; de- + collum neck.]

Defn: To sever from the neck; to behead; to decapitate. The decollated head of St. John the Baptist. Burke.

DECOLLATED De*col"la*ted, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Decapitated; worn or cast off in the process of growth, as the apex of certain univalve shells.

DECOLLATION De`col*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. decollatio: cf. F. décollation.]

1. The act of beheading or state of one beheaded; -- especially used of the execution of St. John the Baptist.

2. A painting representing the beheading of a saint or martyr, esp. of St. John the Baptist.

DECOLLETAGE Dé`col`le*tage" (da`ko`l'*tazh), n. [F. See Décolleté.] (Costume)

Defn: The upper border or part of a décolleté corsage.

DECOLLETE Dé`col`le*té", a. Etym: [F., p. p. of décolleter to bare the neck and shoulders; dé- + collet collar, fr. L. collum neck.]

Defn: Leaving the neck and shoulders uncovered; cut low in the neck, or low-necked, as a dress.

DECOLLING De*col"ling, n.

Defn: Beheading. [R.] By a speedy dethroning and decolling of the king. Parliamentary History (1648).

DECOLOR De*col"or, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. décolorer, L. decolorare. Cf. Discolor.]

Defn: To deprive of color; to bleach.

DECOLORANT De*col"or*ant, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décolorant, p. pr.]

Defn: A substance which removes color, or bleaches.

DECOLORATE De*col"or*ate, a. Etym: [L. decoloratus, p. p. of decolorare.]

Defn: Deprived of color.

DECOLORATE De*col"or*ate, v. t.

Defn: To decolor.

DECOLORATION De*col`or*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. decoloratio: cf. F. décoloration.]

Defn: The removal or absence of color. Ferrand.

DECOLORIZE De*col"or*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of color; to whiten. Turner. -- De*col`or*i*za"tion, n.

DECOMPLEX De"com*plex`, a. Etym: [Pref. de- (intens.) + complex.]

Defn: Repeatedly compound; made up of complex constituents.

DECOMPOSABLE De`com*pos"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being resolved into constituent elements.

DECOMPOSE De`com*pose", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decomposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Decomposing.] Etym: [Cf. F. décomposer. Cf. Discompose.]

Defn: To separate the constituent parts of; to resolve into original elements; to set free from previously existing forms of chemical combination; to bring to dissolution; to rot or decay.

DECOMPOSE De`com*pose", v. i.

Defn: To become resolved or returned from existing combinations; to undergo dissolution; to decay; to rot.

DECOMPOSED De`com*posed", a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Separated or broken up; -- said of the crest of birds when the feathers are divergent.

DECOMPOSITE De`com*pos"ite, a. Etym: [Pref. de- (intens.) + composite.]

1. Compounded more than once; compounded with things already composite.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: See Decompound, a., 2.

DECOMPOSITE De`com*pos"ite, n.

Defn: Anything decompounded. Decomposites of three metals or more. Bacon.

DECOMPOSITION De*com`po*si"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. de- (in sense 3 intensive) + composition: cf. F. décomposition. Cf. Decomposition.]

1. The act or process of resolving the constituent parts of a compound body or substance into its elementary parts; separation into constituent part; analysis; the decay or dissolution consequent on the removal or alteration of some of the ingredients of a compound; disintegration; as, the decomposition of wood, rocks, etc.

2. The state of being reduced into original elements.

3. Repeated composition; a combination of compounds. [Obs.] Decomposition of forces. Same as Resolution of forces, under Resolution. -- Decomposition of light, the division of light into the prismatic colors.

DECOMPOUND De`com*pound", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decompounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Decompounding.] Etym: [Pref. de- (intens. in sense 1) + compound, v. t.]

1. To compound or mix with that is already compound; to compound a second time.

2. To reduce to constituent parts; to decompose. It divides and decompounds objects into . . . parts. Hazlitt.

DECOMPOUND De`com*pound", a. Etym: [Pref. de- (intens.) + compound, a.]

1. Compound of what is already compounded; compounded a second time.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Several times compounded or divided, as a leaf or stem; decomposite.

DECOMPOUND De`com*pound", n.

Defn: A decomposite.

DECOMPOUNDABLE De`com*pound"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being decompounded.

DECONCENTRATE De`con*cen"trate, v. t.

Defn: To withdraw from concentration; to decentralize. [R.]

DECONCENTRATION De*con`cen*tra"tion, n.

Defn: Act of deconcentrating. [R.]

DECONCOCT De`con*coct", v. t.

Defn: To decompose. [R.] Fuller.

DECONSECRATE De*con"se*crate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of sacredness; to secularize. -- De*con`se*cra"tion, n.

DECORAMENT Dec"o*ra*ment, n. Etym: [L. decoramentum. See Decorate, v. t.]

Defn: Ornament. [Obs.] Bailey.

DECORATE Dec"o*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decorated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decorating.] Etym: [L. decoratus, p. p. of decorare, fr. decus ornament; akin to decere to be becoming. See Decent.]

Defn: To deck with that which is becoming, ornamental, or honorary; to adorn; to beautify; to embellish; as, to decorate the person; to decorate an edifice; to decorate a lawn with flowers; to decorate the mind with moral beauties; to decorate a hero with honors. Her fat neck was ornamented with jewels, rich bracelets decorated her arms. Thackeray.

Syn. -- To adorn; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace. See Adorn. Decorated style (Arch.), a name given by some writers to the perfected English Gothic architecture; it may be considered as having flourished from about a. d. 1300 to a. d. 1375.

DECORATION Dec`o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [LL. decoratio: cf. F. décoration.]

1. The act of adorning, embellishing, or honoring; ornamentation.

2. That which adorns, enriches, or beautifies; something added by way of embellishment; ornament. The hall was celebrated for . . . the richness of its decoration. Motley.

3. Specifically, any mark of honor to be worn upon the person, as a medal, cross, or ribbon of an order of knighthood, bestowed for services in war, great achievements in literature, art, etc. Decoration Day, a day, May 30, appointed for decorating with flowers the graves of the Union soldiers and sailors, who fell in the Civil War in the United States; Memorial Day. [U.S.]

DECORATION DAY Decoration Day.

Defn: = Memorial Day. [U. S.]

DECORATIVE Dec"o*ra*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décoratif.]

Defn: Suited to decorate or embellish; adorning. -- Dec"o*ra*tive*ness, n. Decorative art, fine art which has for its end ornamentation, rather than the representation of objects or events.

DECORATOR Dec"o*ra`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décorateur.]

Defn: One who decorates, adorns, or embellishes; specifically, an artisan whose business is the decoration of houses, esp. their interior decoration.

DECORE De*core", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. décorer. See Decorate.]

Defn: To decorate; to beautify. [Obs.] To decore and beautify the house of God. E. Hall.

DECOREMENT De*core"ment, n.

Defn: Ornament. [Obs.]

DECOROUS De*co"rous, a. Etym: [L. dec, fr. decor comeliness, beauty; akin to decere. See Decent, and cf. Decorum.]

Defn: Suitable to a character, or to the time, place, and occasion; marked with decorum; becoming; proper; seemly; befitting; as, a decorous speech; decorous behavior; a decorous dress for a judge. A decorous pretext the war. Motley. -- De*co"rous*ly, adv. -- De*co"rous*ness, n.

DECORTICATE De*cor"ti*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decorticated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decorticating.] Etym: [L. decorticatus, p. p. of decorticare to bark; de- + cortex bark.]

Defn: To divest of the bark, husk, or exterior coating; to husk; to peel; to hull. "Great barley dried and decorticated." Arbuthnot.

DECORTICATION De*cor`ti*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. decorticatio: cf. F. décortication.]

Defn: The act of stripping off the bark, rind, hull, or outer coat.

DECORTICATOR De*cor"ti*ca`tor, n.

Defn: A machine for decorticating wood, hulling grain, etc.; also, an instrument for removing surplus bark or moss from fruit trees.

DECORUM De*cor"um, n. Etym: [L. dec, fr. dec. See Decorous.]

Defn: Propriety of manner or conduct; grace arising from suitableness of speech and behavior to one's own character, or to the place and occasion; decency of conduct; seemliness; that which is seemly or suitable. Negligent of the duties and decorums of his station. Hallam. If your master Would have a queen his beggar, you must tell him, That majesty, to keep decorum, must No less beg than a kingdom. Shak.

Syn. -- Decorum, Dignity. Decorum, in accordance with its etymology, is that which is becoming in outward act or appearance; as, the decorum of a public assembly. Dignity springs from an inward elevation of soul producing a corresponding effect on the manners; as, dignity of personal appearance.

DECOY De*coy", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decoyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Decoying.] Etym: [Pref. de- + coy; orig., to quiet, soothe, caress, entice. See Coy.]

Defn: To lead into danger by artifice; to lure into a net or snare; to entrap; to insnare; to allure; to entice; as, to decoy troops into an ambush; to decoy ducks into a net. Did to a lonely cot his steps decoy. Thomson. E'en while fashion's brightest arts decoy, The heart, distrusting, asks if this be joy. Goldsmith.

Syn. -- To entice; tempt; allure; lure. See Allure.

DECOY De*coy", n.

1. Anything intended to lead into a snare; a lure that deceives and misleads into danger, or into the power of an enemy; a bait.

2. A fowl, or the likeness of one, used by sportsmen to entice other fowl into a net or within shot.

3. A place into which wild fowl, esp. ducks, are enticed in order to take or shoot them.

4. A person employed by officers of justice, or parties exposed to injury, to induce a suspected person to commit an offense under circumstances that will lead to his detection.

DECOY-DUCK De*coy"-duck`, n.

Defn: A duck used to lure wild ducks into a decoy; hence, a person employed to lure others into danger. Beau. & Fl.

DECOYER De*coy"er, n.

Defn: One who decoys another.

DECOY-MAN De*coy"-man`, n.; pl. Decoy-men (.

Defn: A man employed in decoying wild fowl.

DECREASE De*crease", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Decreased; p. pr. & vb. n. Decreasing.] Etym: [OE. decrecen, fr. OF. decreistre, F. décroître, or from the OF. noun (see Decrease, n.), fr. L. decrescere to grow less; de + crescere to grow. See Crescent, and cf. Increase.]

Defn: To grow less, -- opposed to increase; to be diminished gradually, in size, degree, number, duration, etc., or in strength, quality, or excellence; as, they days decrease in length from June to December. He must increase, but I must decrease. John iii. 30.

Syn. -- To Decrease, Diminish. Things usually decrease or fall off by degrees, and from within, or through some cause which is imperceptible; as, the flood decreases; the cold decreases; their affection has decreased. Things commonly diminish by an influence from without, or one which is apparent; as, the army was diminished by disease; his property is diminishing through extravagance; their affection has diminished since their separation their separation. The turn of thought, however, is often such that these words may be interchanged. The olive leaf, which certainly them told The flood decreased. Drayton. Crete's ample fields diminish to our eye; Before the Boreal blasts the vessels fly. Pope.

DECREASE De*crease", v. t.

Defn: To cause to grow less; to diminish gradually; as, extravagance decreases one's means. That might decrease their present store. Prior.

DECREASE De*crease", n. Etym: [OE. decrees, OF. decreis, fr. decreistre. See Decrease, v.]

1. A becoming less; gradual diminution; decay; as, a decrease of revenue or of strength.

2. The wane of the moon. Bacon.

DECREASELESS De*crease"less, a.

Defn: Suffering no decrease. [R.] It [the river] flows and flows, and yet will flow, Volume decreaseless to the final hour. A. Seward.

DECREASING De*creas"ing, a.

Defn: Becoming less and less; diminishing. -- De*creas"ing*ly, adv. Decreasing series (Math.), a series in which each term is numerically smaller than the preceding term.

DECREATION De`cre*a"tion, n.

Defn: Destruction; -- opposed to creation. [R.] Cudworth.

DECREE De*cree", n. Etym: [OE. decre, F. décret, fr. L. decretum, neut. decretus, p. p. of decernere to decide; de- + cernere to decide. See Certain, and cf. Decreet, Decretal.]

1. An order from one having authority, deciding what is to be done by a subordinate; also, a determination by one having power, deciding what is to be done or to take place; edict, law; authoritative ru "The decrees of Venice." Sh There went out a decree from Cæsar Augustus that all the world should be taxed. Luke ii. 1. Poor hand, why quiverest thou at this decree Shak.

2. (Law) (a) A decision, order, or sentence, given in a cause by a court of equity or admiralty. (b) A determination or judgment of an umpire on a case submitted to him. Brande.

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: An edict or law made by a council for regulating any business within their jurisdiction; as, the decrees of ecclesiastical councils.

Syn. -- Law; regulation; edict; ordinance. See Law.

DECREE De*cree", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decreed; p. pr. & vb. n. Decreeing.]

1. To determine judicially by authority, or by decree; to constitute by edict; to appoint by decree or law; to determine; to order; to ordain; as, a court decrees a restoration of property. Thou shalt also decree a thing, and it shall be established unto thee. Job xxii. 28.

2. To ordain by fate.

DECREE De*cree", v. i.

Defn: To make decrees; -- used absolutely. Father eternal! thine is to decree; Mine, both in heaven and earth to do thy will. Milton.

DECREEABLE De*cree"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being decreed.

DECREER De*cre"er, n.

Defn: One who decrees. J. Goodwin.

DECREET De*creet", n. Etym: [Cf. Decree.] (Scots Law)

Defn: The final judgment of the Court of Session, or of an inferior court, by which the question at issue is decided.

DECREMENT Dec"re*ment, n. Etym: [L. decrementum, fr. decrescere. See Decrease.]

1. The state of becoming gradually less; decrease; diminution; waste; loss. Twit me with the decrements of my pendants. Ford. Rocks, mountains, and the other elevations of the earth suffer a continual decrement. Woodward.

2. The quantity lost by gradual diminution or waste; -- opposed to Ant: increment.

3. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A name given by Haüy to the successive diminution of the layers of molecules, applied to the faces of the primitive form, by which he supposed the secondary forms to be produced.

4. (Math.)

Defn: The quantity by which a variable is diminished. Equal decrement of life. (a) The decrease of life in a group of persons in which the assumed law of mortality is such that of a given large number of persons, all being now of the same age, an equal number shall die each consecutive year. (b) The decrease of life in a group of persons in which the assumed law of mortality is such that the ratio of those dying in a year to those living through the year is constant, being independent of the age of the persons.

DECREPIT De*crep"it, a. Etym: [L. decrepitus, perhaps orig., noised out, noiseless, applied to old people, who creep about quietly; de- + crepare to make a noise, rattle: cf. F. décrépit. See Crepitate.]

Defn: Broken down with age; wasted and enfeebled by the infirmities of old age; feeble; worn out. "Beggary or decrepit age." Milton. Already decrepit with premature old age. Motley.

Note: Sometimes incorrectly written decrepid.

DECREPITATE De*crep"i*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decrepitated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decrepitating.] Etym: [Cf. F. décrépiter.]

Defn: To roast or calcine so as to cause a crackling noise; as, to decrepitate salt.

DECREPITATE De*crep"i*tate, v. i.

Defn: To crackle, as salt in roasting.

DECREPITATION De*crep`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décrépitation.]

Defn: The act of decrepitating; a crackling noise, such as salt makes when roasting.

DECREPITNESS De*crep"it*ness, n.

Defn: Decrepitude. [R.] Barrow.

DECREPITUDE De*crep"i*tude, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décrépitude.]

Defn: The broken state produced by decay and the infirmities of age; infirm old age.

DECRESCENDO De`cres*cen"do, a. & adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: With decreasing volume of sound; -- a direction to performers, either written upon the staff (abbreviated Dec., or Decresc.), or indicated by the sign.

DECRESCENT De*cres"cent, a. Etym: [L. decrescens, p. pr. of decrescere. See Decrease.]

Defn: Becoming less by gradual diminution; decreasing; as, a decrescent moon.

DECRESCENT De*cres"cent, n. (Her.)

Defn: A crescent with the horns directed towards the sinister. Cussans.

DECRETAL De*cre"tal, a. Etym: [L. decretalis, fr. decretum. See Decree.]

Defn: Appertaining to a decree; containing a decree; as, a decretal epistle. Ayliffe.

DECRETAL De*cre"tal, n. Etym: [LL. decretale, neut. of L. decretalis. See Decretal, a.]

1. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: An authoritative order or decree; especially, a letter of the pope, determining some point or question in ecclesiastical law. The decretals form the second part of the canon law.

2. (Canon Law)

Defn: The collection of ecclesiastical decrees and decisions made, by order of Gregory IX., in 1234, by St. Raymond of Pennafort.

DECRETE De*crete", n. Etym: [L. decretum. See Decree.]

Defn: A decree. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DECRETION De*cre"tion, n. Etym: [From L. decrescere, decretum. See Decrease.]

Defn: A decrease. [Obs.] Pearson.

DECRETIST De*cre"tist, n. Etym: [LL. decretista, fr. decretum: cf. F. décrétiste. See Decree, n.]

Defn: One who studies, or professes the knowledge of, the decretals.

DECRETIVE De*cre"tive, a. Etym: [From L. decretum. See Decree, n.]

Defn: Having the force of a decree; determining. The will of God is either decretive or perceptive. Bates.

DECRETORIAL Dec`re*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Decretory; authoritative. Sir T. Browne.

DECRETORILY Dec"re*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a decretory or definitive manner; by decree.

DECRETORY Dec"re*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. decretorius, from decretum. See Decree.]

1. Established by a decree; definitive; settled. The decretory rigors of a condemning sentence. South.

2. Serving to determine; critical. "The critical or decretory days." Sir T. Browne.

DECREW De*crew", v. i. Etym: [F. décrue, n., decrease, and décru, p. p. of décroître. See Decrease, and cf. Accrue.]

Defn: To decrease. [Obs.] Spenser.

DECRIAL De*cri"al, n. Etym: [See Decry.]

Defn: A crying down; a clamorous censure; condemnation by censure.

DECRIER De*cri"er, n.

Defn: One who decries.

DECROWN De*crown", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of a crown; to discrown. [R.] Hakewill.

DECRUSTATION De`crus*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. décrustation.]

Defn: The removal of a crust.

DECRY De*cry", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decried; p. pr. & vb. n. Decrying.] Etym: [F. décrier, OF. descrier; pref. des- (L. dis-) + crier to cry. See Cry, and cf. Descry.]

Defn: To cry down; to censure as faulty, mean, or worthless; to clamor against; to blame clamorously; to discredit; to disparage. For small errors they whole plays decry. Dryden. Measures which are extolled by one half of the kingdom are naturally decried by the other. Addison.

Syn. -- To Decry, Depreciate, Detract, Disparage. Decry and depreciate refer to the estimation of a thing, the former seeking to lower its value by clamorous censure, the latter by representing it as of little worth. Detract and disparage also refer to merit or value, which the former assails with caviling, insinuation, etc., while the latter willfully underrates and seeks to degrade it. Men decry their rivals and depreciate their measures. The envious detract from the merit of a good action, and disparage the motives of him who performs it.

DECUBATION Dec`u*ba"tion, n. Etym: [From L. decubare; de- + cubare. See Decumbent.]

Defn: Act of lying down; decumbence. [Obs.] Evelyn.

DECUBITUS De*cu"bi*tus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. de- + cubare, to lie down: cf. F. décubitus.] (Med.)

Defn: An attitude assumed in lying down; as, the dorsal decubitus.

DECULASSEMENT; DECULASSMENT Dé`cu`lasse`ment", n. [F.] Also, sometimes, Anglicized Dec`u*lass"ment. (Ordnance)

Defn: An accidental blowing off of, or other serious damage to, the breechblock of a gun; also, a removal of the breechblock for the purpose of disabling the gun.

DECUMAN Dec"u*man, a. Etym: [L. decumanus of the tenth, and by metonymy, large, fr. decem ten.]

Defn: Large; chief; -- applied to an extraordinary billow, supposed by some to be every tenth in order. [R.] Also used substantively. "Such decuman billows." Gauden. "The baffled decuman." Lowell.

DECUMBENCE; DECUMBENCY De*cum"bence, De*cum"ben*cy, n.

Defn: The act or posture of lying down. The ancient manner of decumbency. Sir T. Browne.

DECUMBENT De*cum"bent, a. Etym: [L. decumbens, -entis, p. pr. of decumbere; de- + cumbere (only in comp.), cubare to lie down.]

1. Lying down; prostrate; recumbent. The decumbent portraiture of a woman. Ashmole.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Reclining on the ground, as if too weak to stand, and tending to rise at the summit or apex; as, a decumbent stem. Gray.

DECUMBENTLY De*cum"bent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a decumbent posture.

DECUMBITURE De*cum"bi*ture, n.

1. Confinement to a sick bed, or time of taking to one's bed from sickness. Boyle.

2. (Astrol.)

Defn: Aspect of the heavens at the time of taking to one's sick bed, by which the prognostics of recovery or death were made.

DECUPLE Dec"u*ple, a. Etym: [F. décuple, L. decuplus, fr. decem ten.]

Defn: Tenfold. [R.]

DECUPLE Dec"u*ple, n.

Defn: A number ten times repeated. [R.]

DECUPLE Dec"u*ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decupled; p. pr. & vb. n. Decupling.]

Defn: To make tenfold; to multiply by ten. [R.]

DECURION De*cu"ri*on, n. Etym: [L. decurio, decurionis, fr. decuria a squad of ten, fr. decem ten.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A head or chief over ten; especially, an officer who commanded a division of ten soldiers.

DECURIONATE De*cu"ri*on*ate, n. Etym: [L. decurionatus, fr. decurio.]

Defn: The office of a decurion.

DECURRENCE De*cur"rence, n.

Defn: The act of running down; a lapse. [R.] Gauden.

DECURRENT De*cur"rent, a. Etym: [L. decurrens, -entis, p. pr. of decurrere to run down; de- + currere to run: cf. F. décurrent.] (Bot.)

Defn: Extending downward; -- said of a leaf whose base extends downward and forms a wing along the stem. -- De*cur"rent*ly, adv.

DECURSION De*cur"sion, n. Etym: [L. decursio, fr. decurrere. See Decurrent.]

Defn: A flowing; also, a hostile incursion. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

DECURSIVE De*cur"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. décursif. See Decurrent.]

Defn: Running down; decurrent.

DECURSIVELY De*cur"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a decursive manner. Decursively pinnate (Bot.), having the leaflets decurrent, or running along the petiole; -- said of a leaf.

DECURT De*curt", v. t. Etym: [L. decurtare; de- + curtare.]

Defn: To cut short; to curtail. [Obs.] Bale.

DECURTATION De`cur*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. decurtatio.]

Defn: Act of cutting short. [Obs.]

DECURY Dec"u*ry, n.; pl. Decuries. Etym: [L. decuria, fr. decem ten.]

Defn: A set or squad of ten men under a decurion. Sir W. Raleigh.

DECUSSATE De*cus"sate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Decussated; p. pr. & vb. n. Decussating.] Etym: [L. decussatus, p. p. of decussare to cross like an X, fr. decussis (orig. equiv. to decem asses) the number ten, which the Romans represented by X.]

Defn: To cross at an acute angle; to cut or divide in the form of X; to intersect; -- said of lines in geometrical figures, rays of light, nerves, etc.

DECUSSATE; DECUSSATED De*cus"sate, De*cus"sa*ted, a.

1. Crossed; intersected.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Growing in pairs, each of which is at right angles to the next pair above or below; as, decussated leaves or branches.

3. (Rhet.)

Defn: Consisting of two rising and two falling clauses, placed in alternate opposition to each other; as, a decussated period.

DECUSSATELY De*cus"sate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a decussate manner.

DECUSSATION De`cus*sa"tion, n. Etym: [L. decussatio.]

Defn: Act of crossing at an acute angle, or state of being thus crossed; an intersection in the form of an X; as, the decussation of lines, nerves, etc.

DECUSSATIVE De*cus"sa*tive, a.

Defn: Intersecting at acute angles. Sir T. Browne.

DECUSSATIVELY De*cus"sa*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: Crosswise; in the form of an X. "Anointed decussatively." Sir T. Browne.

DECYL De"cyl, n. Etym: [L. decem ten + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A hydrocarbon radical, C10H21, never existing alone, but regarded as the characteristic constituent of a number of compounds of the paraffin series.

DECYLIC De*cyl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Allied to, or containing, the radical decyl.

DEDALIAN De*dal"ian, a.

Defn: See Dædalian.

DEDALOUS Ded"a*lous, a.

Defn: See Dædalous.

DEDANS De*dans", n. Etym: [F.] (Court Tennis)

Defn: A division, at one end of a tennis court, for spectators.

DEDE Dede, a.

Defn: Dead. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEDECORATE De*dec"o*rate, v. t. Etym: [L. dedecoratus, p. p. of dedecorare to disgrace. See Decorate.]

Defn: To bring to shame; to disgrace. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEDECORATION De*dec`o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. dedecoratio.]

Defn: Disgrace; dishonor. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEDECOROUS De*dec"o*rous, a. Etym: [L. dedecorus. See Decorous.]

Defn: Disgraceful; unbecoming. [R.] Bailey.

DEDENTITION De`den*ti"tion, n.

Defn: The shedding of teeth. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

DEDICATE Ded"i*cate, p. a. Etym: [L. dedicatus, p. p. of dedicare to affirm, to dedicate; de- + dicare to declare, dedicate; akin to dicere to say. See Diction.]

Defn: Dedicated; set apart; devoted; consecrated. "Dedicate to nothing temporal." Shak.

Syn. -- Devoted; consecrated; addicted.

DEDICATE Ded"i*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dedicated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dedicating.]

1. To set apart and consecrate, as to a divinity, or for sacred uses; to devote formally and solemnly; as, to dedicate vessels, treasures, a temple, or a church, to a religious use. Vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, . . . which also king David did dedicate unto the Lord. 2 Sam. viii. 10, 11. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. . . . But in a larger sense we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this ground. A. Lincoln.

2. To devote, set apart, or give up, as one's self, to a duty or service. The profession of a soldier, to which he had dedicated himself. Clarendon.

3. To inscribe or address, as to a patron. He complied ten elegant books, and dedicated them to the Lord Burghley. Peacham.

Syn. -- See Addict.

DEDICATEE Ded`i*ca*tee", n.

Defn: One to whom a thing is dedicated; -- correlative to dedicator.

DEDICATION Ded`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. dedicatio.]

1. The act of setting apart or consecrating to a divine Being, or to a sacred use, often with religious solemnities; solemn appropriation; as, the dedication of Solomon's temple.

2. A devoting or setting aside for any particular purpose; as, a dedication of lands to public use.

3. An address to a patron or friend, prefixed to a book, testifying respect, and often recommending the work to his special protection and favor.

DEDICATOR Ded"i*ca`tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. dédicateur.]

Defn: One who dedicates; more especially, one who inscribes a book to the favor of a patron, or to one whom he desires to compliment.

DEDICATORIAL Ded`i*ca*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Dedicatory.

DEDICATORY Ded"i*ca*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dédicatoire.]

Defn: Constituting or serving as a dedication; complimental. "An epistle dedicatory." Dryden.

DEDICATORY Ded"i*ca*to*ry, n.

Defn: Dedication. [R.] Milton.

DEDIMUS Ded"i*mus, n. Etym: [L. dedimus we have given, fr. dare to give. So called because the writ began, Dedimus potestatem, etc.] (Law)

Defn: A writ to commission private persons to do some act in place of a judge, as to examine a witness, etc. Bouvier.

DEDITION De*di"tion, n. Etym: [L. deditio, fr. dedere to give away, surrender; de- + dare to give.]

Defn: The act of yielding; surrender. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

DEDOLENT Ded"o*lent, a. Etym: [L. dedolens, p. pr. of dedolere to give over grieving; de- + dolere to grieve.]

Defn: Feeling no compunction; apathetic. [R.] Hallywell.

DEDUCE De*duce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deduced; p. pr. & vb. n. Deducing.] Etym: [L. deducere; de- + ducere to lead, draw. See Duke, and cf. Deduct.]

1. To lead forth. [A Latinism] He should hither deduce a colony. Selden.

2. To take away; to deduct; to subtract; as, to deduce a part from the whole. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

3. To derive or draw; to derive by logical process; to obtain or arrive at as the result of reasoning; to gather, as a truth or opinion, from what precedes or from premises; to infer; -- with from or out of. O goddess, say, shall I deduce my rhymes From the dire nation in its early times Pope. Reasoning is nothing but the faculty of deducing unknown truths from principles already known. Locke. See what regard will be paid to the pedigree which deduces your descent from kings and conquerors. Sir W. Scott.

DEDUCEMENT De*duce"ment, n.

Defn: Inference; deduction; thing deduced. [R.] Dryden.

DEDUCIBILITY De*du`ci*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Deducibleness.

DEDUCIBLE De*du"ci*ble, a.

1. Capable of being deduced or inferred; derivable by reasoning, as a result or consequence. All properties of a triangle depend on, and are deducible from, the complex idea of three lines including a space. Locke.

2. Capable of being brought down. [Obs.] As if God [were] deducible to human imbecility. State Trials (1649).

DEDUCIBLENESS De*du"ci*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being deducible; deducibility.

DEDUCIBLY De*du"ci*bly, adv.

Defn: By deduction.

DEDUCIVE De*du"cive, a.

Defn: That deduces; inferential.

DEDUCT De*duct", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deducted; p. pr. & vb. n. Deducting.] Etym: [L. deductus, p. p. of deducere to deduct. See Deduce.]

1. To lead forth or out. [Obs.] A people deducted out of the city of Philippos. Udall.

2. To take away, separate, or remove, in numbering, estimating, or calculating; to subtract; -- often with from or out of. Deduct what is but vanity, or dress. Pope. Two and a half per cent should be deducted out of the pay of the foreign troops. Bp. Burnet. We deduct from the computation of our years that part of our time which is spent in . . . infancy. Norris.

3. To reduce; to diminish. [Obs.] "Do not deduct it to days." Massinger.

DEDUCTIBLE De*duct"i*ble, a.

1. Capable of being deducted, taken away, or withdrawn. Not one found honestly deductible From any use that pleased him. Mrs. Browning.

2. Deducible; consequential.

DEDUCTION De*duc"tion, n. Etym: [L. deductio: cf. F. déduction.]

1. Act or process of deducing or inferring. The deduction of one language from another. Johnson. This process, by which from two statements we deduce a third, is called deduction. J. R. Seely.

2. Act of deducting or taking away; subtraction; as, the deduction of the subtrahend from the minuend.

3. That which is deduced or drawn from premises by a process of reasoning; an inference; a conclusion. Make fair deductions; see to what they mount. Pope.

4. That which is deducted; the part taken away; abatement; as, a deduction from the yearly rent.

Syn. -- See Induction.

DEDUCTIVE De*duct"ive, a. Etym: [Cf. L. deductivus derivative.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to deduction; capable of being deduced from premises; deducible. All knowledge of causes is deductive. Glanvill. Notions and ideas . . . used in a deductive process. Whewell.

DEDUCTIVELY De*duct"ive*ly, adv.

Defn: By deduction; by way of inference; by consequence. Sir T. Browne.

DEDUCTOR De*duc"tor, n. Etym: [L., a guide. See Deduce.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pilot whale or blackfish.

DEDUIT De*duit", n. Etym: [F. déduit. Cf. Deduct.]

Defn: Delight; pleasure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEDUPLICATION De*du`pli*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. de- + duplication.] (Biol.)

Defn: The division of that which is morphologically one organ into two or more, as the division of an organ of a plant into a pair or cluster.

DEED Deed, a.

Defn: Dead. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEED Deed, n. Etym: [AS. d; akin to OS. dad, D. & Dan. daad, G. thai, Sw. dåd, Goth. d; fr. the root of do. See Do, v. t.]

1. That which is done or effected by a responsible agent; an act; an

## action; a thing done; -- a word of extensive application, including,

whatever is done, good or bad, great or small. And Joseph said to them, What deed is this which ye have done Gen. xliv. 15. We receive the due reward of our deeds. Luke xxiii. 41. Would serve his kind in deed and word. Tennyson.

2. Illustrious act; achievement; exploit. "Knightly deeds." Spenser. Whose deeds some nobler poem shall adorn. Dryden.

3. Power of action; agency; efficiency. [Obs.] To be, both will and deed, created free. Milton.

4. Fact; reality; -- whence we have indeed.

5. (Law)

Defn: A sealed instrument in writing, on paper or parchment, duly executed and delivered, containing some transfer, bargain, or contract.

Note: The term is generally applied to conveyances of real estate, and it is the prevailing doctrine that a deed must be signed as well as sealed, though at common law signing was formerly not necessary. Blank deed, a printed form containing the customary legal phraseology, with blank spaces for writing in names, dates, boundaries, etc.

6. Performance; -- followed by of. [Obs.] Shak. In deed, in fact; in truth; verily. See Indeed.

DEED Deed, v. t.

Defn: To convey or transfer by deed; as, he deeded all his estate to his eldest son. [Colloq. U. S.]

DEEDFUL Deed"ful, a.

Defn: Full of deeds or exploits; active; stirring. [R.] "A deedful life." Tennyson.

DEEDLESS Deed"less, a.

Defn: Not performing, or not having performed, deeds or exploits; inactive. Deedless in his tongue. Shak.

DEED POLL Deed" poll`. (Law)

Defn: A deed of one part, or executed by only one party, and distinguished from an indenture by having the edge of the parchment or paper cut even, or polled as it was anciently termed, instead of being indented. Burrill.

DEEDY Deed"y, a.

Defn: Industrious; active. [R.] Cowper.

DEEM Deem, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deemed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deeming.] Etym: [OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS. d, fr. d doom; akin to OFries. d, OS. ad, D. doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel. dæma, Sw. dömma, Dan. dömme, Goth. d. See Doom, n., and cf. Doom, v.]

1. To decide; to judge; to sentence; to condemn. [Obs.] Claudius . . . Was demed for to hang upon a tree. Chaucer.

2. To account; to esteem; to think; to judge; to hold in opinion; to regard. For never can I deem him less him less than god. Dryden.

DEEM Deem, v. i.

1. To be of opinion; to think; to estimate; to opine; to suppose. And deemest thou as those who pore, With aged eyes, short way before Emerson.

2. To pass judgment. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEEM Deem, n.

Defn: Opinion; judgment. [Obs.] Shak.

DEEMSTER Deem"ster, n. Etym: [Deem + -ster; i. e., doomster. Cf. Dempster.]

Defn: A judge in the Isle of Man who decides controversies without process. Cowell.

DEEP Deep, a. [Compar. Deeper; superl. Deepest.] Etym: [OE. dep, deop, AS. deóp; akin to D. diep, G. tief, Icel. dj, Sw. diup, Dan. dyb, Goth. diups; fr. the root of E. dip, dive. See Dip, Dive.]

1. Extending far below the surface; of great perpendicular dimension (measured from the surface downward, and distinguished from high, which is measured upward); far to the bottom; having a certain depth; as, a deep sea. The water where the brook is deep. Shak.

2. Extending far back from the front or outer part; of great horizontal dimension (measured backward from the front or nearer part, mouth, etc.); as, a deep cave or recess or wound; a gallery ten seats deep; a company of soldiers six files deep. Shadowing squadrons deep. Milton. Safely in harbor Is the king's ship in the deep nook. Shak.

3. Low in situation; lying far below the general surface; as, a deep valley.

4. Hard to penetrate or comprehend; profound; -- opposed to shallow or superficial; intricate; mysterious; not obvious; obscure; as, a deep subject or plot. Speculations high or deep. Milton. A question deep almost as the mystery of life. De Quincey. O Lord, . . . thy thought are very deep. Ps. xcii. 5.

5. Of penetrating or far-reaching intellect; not superficial; thoroughly skilled; sagacious; cunning. Deep clerks she dumbs. Shak.

6. Profound; thorough; complete; unmixed; intense; heavy; heartfelt; as, deep distress; deep melancholy; deep horror. "Deep despair." Milton. "Deep silence." Milton. "Deep sleep." Gen. ii. 21. "Deeper darkness." Hoole. "Their deep poverty." 2 Cor. viii. 2. An attitude of deep respect. Motley.

7. Strongly colored; dark; intense; not light or thin; as, deep blue or crimson.

8. Of low tone; full-toned; not high or sharp; grave; heavy. "The deep thunder." Byron. The bass of heaven's deep organ. Milton.

9. Muddy; boggy; sandy; -- said of roads. Chaucer. The ways in that vale were very deep. Clarendon. A deep line of operations (Military), a long line. -- Deep mourning (Costume), mourning complete and strongly marked, the garments being not only all black, but also composed of lusterless materials and of such fashion as is identified with mourning garments.

DEEP Deep, adv.

Defn: To a great depth; with depth; far down; profoundly; deeply. Deep-versed in books, and shallow in himself. Milton. Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring. Pope.

Note: Deep, in its usual adverbial senses, is often prefixed to an adjective; as, deep-chested, deep-cut, deep-seated, deep-toned, deep- voiced, "deep-uddered kine."

DEEP Deep, n.

1. That which is deep, especially deep water, as the sea or ocean; an abyss; a great depth. Courage from the deeps of knowledge springs. Cowley. The hollow deep of hell resounded. Milton. Blue Neptune storms, the bellowing deeps resound. Pope.

2. That which is profound, not easily fathomed, or incomprehensible; a moral or spiritual depth or abyss. Thy judgments are a great. Ps. xxxvi. 6. Deep of night, the most quiet or profound part of night; dead of night. The deep of night is crept upon our talk. Shak.

DEEPEN Deep"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deepened; p. pr. & vb. n. Deepening.]

1. To make deep or deeper; to increase the depth of; to sink lower; as, to deepen a well or a channel. It would . . . deepen the bed of the Tiber. Addison.

2. To make darker or more intense; to darken; as, the event deepened the prevailing gloom. You must deepen your colors. Peacham.

3. To make more poignant or affecting; to increase in degree; as, to deepen grief or sorrow.

4. To make more grave or low in tone; as, to deepen the tones of an organ. Deepens the murmur of the falling floods. Pope.

DEEPEN Deep"en, v. i.

Defn: To become deeper; as, the water deepens at every cast of the lead; the plot deepens. His blood-red tresses deepening in the sun. Byron.

DEEP-FET Deep"-fet`, a.

Defn: Deeply fetched or drawn. [Obs.] "Deep-fet groans." Shak.

DEEP-LAID Deep"-laid`, a.

Defn: Laid deeply; formed with cunning and sagacity; as, deep-laid plans.

DEEPLY Deep"ly, adv.

1. At or to a great depth; far below the surface; as, to sink deeply.

2. Profoundly; thoroughly; not superficially; in a high degree; intensely; as, deeply skilled in ethics. He had deeply offended both his nobles and people. Bacon. He sighed deeply in his spirit. Mark viii. 12.

3. Very; with a tendency to darkness of color. The deeply red juice of buckthorn berries. Boyle.

4. Gravely; with low or deep tone; as, a deeply toned instrument.

5. With profound skill; with art or intricacy; as, a deeply laid plot or intrigue.

DEEP-MOUTHED Deep"-mouthed`, a.

Defn: Having a loud and sonorous voice. "Deep-mouthed dogs." Dryden.

DEEPNESS Deep"ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being deep, profound, mysterious, secretive, etc.; depth; profundity; -- opposed to shallowness. Because they had no deepness of earth. Matt. xiii. 5.

2. Craft; insidiousness. [R.] J. Gregory.

DEEP-READ Deep"-read`, a.

Defn: Profoundly book-learned. "Great writers and deep-read men." L'Estrange.

DEEP-SEA Deep"-sea`, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the deeper parts of the sea; as, a deep-sea line (i. e., a line to take soundings at a great depth); deep-sea lead; deep-sea soundings, explorations, etc.

DEEP-WAISTED Deep"-waist`ed, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Having a deep waist, as when, in a ship, the poop and forecastle are much elevated above the deck.

DEER Deer, n. sing. & pl. Etym: [OE. der, door, animal, wild animal, AS. deór; akin to D. dier, OFries. diar, G. thier, tier, Icel. d, Dan. dyr, Sw. djur, Goth. dius; of unknown origin.

1. Any animal; especially, a wild animal. [Obs.] Chaucer. Mice and rats, and such small deer. Shak. The camel, that great deer. Lindisfarne MS.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A ruminant of the genus Cervus, of many species, and of related genera of the family Cervidæ. The males, and in some species the females, have solid antlers, often much branched, which are shed annually. Their flesh, for which they are hunted, is called venison.

Note: The deer hunted in England is Cervus elaphus, called also stag or red deer; the fallow deer is C. dama; the common American deer is C. Virginianus; the blacktailed deer of Western North America is C. Columbianus; and the mule deer of the same region is C. macrotis. See Axis, Fallow deer, Mule deer, Reindeer.

Note: Deer is much used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound; as, deerkiller, deerslayer, deerslaying, deer hunting, deer stealing, deerlike, etc. Deer mouse (Zoöl.), the white-footed mouse (Hesperomys leucopus) of America. -- Small deer, petty game, not worth pursuing; -- used metaphorically. (See citation from Shakespeare under the first definition, above.) "Minor critics . . . can find leisure for the chase of such small deer." G. P. Marsh.

DEERBERRY Deer"ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A shrub of the blueberry group (Vaccinium stamineum); also, its bitter, greenish white berry; -- called also squaw huckleberry.

DEERGRASS Deer"grass`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An American genus (Rhexia) of perennial herbs, with opposite leaves, and showy flowers (usually bright purple), with four petals and eight stamens, -- the only genus of the order Melastomaceæ inhabiting a temperate clime.

DEERHOUND Deer"hound`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a large and fleet breed of hounds used in hunting deer; a staghound.

DEERLET Deer"let, n. Etym: [Deer + -let.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A chevrotain. See Kanchil, and Napu.

DEER-NECK Deer"-neck`, n.

Defn: A deerlike, or thin, ill-formed neck, as of a horse.

DEERSKIN Deer"skin`, n.

Defn: The skin of a deer, or the leather which is made from it. Hakluyt. Longfellow.

DEERSTALKER Deer"stalk`er, n.

Defn: One who practices deerstalking.

DEERSTALKING Deer"stalk`ing, n.

Defn: The hunting of deer on foot, by stealing upon them unawares.

DEER'S-TONGUE Deer's"-tongue`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Liatris odoratissima) whose fleshy leaves give out a fragrance compared to vanilla. Wood.

DEES Dees, n. pl.

Defn: Dice. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEES Dees, n.

Defn: A dais. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEESIS De*e"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: An invocation of, or address to, the Supreme Being.

DEESS De"ess, n. Etym: [F. déesse, fem. of dieu god.]

Defn: A goddess. [Obs.] Croft.

DEEV Deev, n. (Hind. & Pers. Myth.)

Defn: See Dev.

DEFACE De*face", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Defacing.] Etym: [OE. defacen to disfigure, efface, OF. desfacier; L. dis- + facies face. See Face, and cf. Efface.]

1. To destroy or mar the face or external appearance of; to disfigure; to injure, spoil, or mar, by effacing or obliterating important features or portions of; as, to deface a monument; to deface an edifice; to deface writing; to deface a note, deed, or bond; to deface a record. "This high face defaced." Emerson. So by false learning is good sense defaced. Pope.

2. Etym: [Cf. F. défaire.]

Defn: To destroy; to make null. [Obs.] [Profane scoffing] doth . . . deface the reverence of religion. Bacon. For all his power was utterly defaste [defaced]. Spenser.

Syn. -- See Efface.

DEFACEMENT De*face"ment, n.

1. The act of defacing, or the condition of being defaced; injury to the surface or exterior; obliteration.

2. That which mars or disfigures. Bacon.

DEFACER De*fa"cer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, defaces or disfigures.

DE FACTO De` fac"to. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Actually; in fact; in reality; as, a king de facto, -- distinguished from a king de jure, or by right.

DEFAIL De*fail", v. t. Etym: [F. défaillir to fail; pref. dé- (L. de) + faillir. See Fail, and cf. Default.]

Defn: To cause fail. [Obs.]

DEFAILANCE De*fail"ance, n. Etym: [F. défaillance.]

Defn: Failure; miscarriage. [Obs.] Possibility of defailance in degree or continuance. Comber.

DEFAILURE De*fail"ure, n.

Defn: Failure. [Obs.] Barrow.

DEFALCATE De*fal"cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defalcated; p. pr. & vb. n. Defalcating.] Etym: [LL. defalcatus, p. p. of defalcare to deduct, orig., to cut off with a sickle; L. de- + falx, a sickle. See Falchion.]

Defn: To cut off; to take away or deduct a part of; -- used chiefly of money, accounts, rents, income, etc. To show what may be practicably and safely defalcated from the [the estimates]. Burke.

DEFALCATE De*fal"cate, v. i.

Defn: To commit defalcation; to embezzle money held in trust. "Some partner defalcating, or the like." Carlyle.

DEFALCATION De`fal*ca"tion, n. Etym: [LL. defalcatio: cf. F. défalcation.]

1. A lopping off; a diminution; abatement; deficit. Specifically: Reduction of a claim by deducting a counterclaim; set-off. Abbott.

2. That which is lopped off, diminished, or abated.

3. An abstraction of money, etc., by an officer or agent

DEFALCATOR Def"al*ca`tor, n.

Defn: A defaulter or embezzler. [Modern]

DEFALK De*falk", v. t. Etym: [F. défalquer. See Defalcate.]

Defn: To lop off; to bate. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DEFAMATION Def`a*ma"tion, n. Etym: [OE. diffamacioun, F. diffamation. See Defame.]

Defn: Act of injuring another's reputation by any slanderous communication, written or oral; the wrong of maliciously injuring the good name of another; slander; detraction; calumny; aspersion.

Note: In modern usage, written defamation bears the title of libel, and oral defamation that of slander. Burrill.

DEFAMATORY De*fam"a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Containing defamation; injurious to reputation; calumnious; slanderous; as, defamatory words; defamatory writings.

DEFAME De*fame", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defamed; p. pr. & vb. n. Defaming.] Etym: [OE. defamen, diffamen, from F. diffamer, or OF. perh. defamer, fr. L. diffamare (cf. defamatus infamous); dis- (in this word confused with de) + fama a report. See Fame.]

1. To harm or destroy the good fame or reputation of; to disgrace; especially, to speak evil of maliciously; to dishonor by slanderous reports; to calumniate; to asperse.

2. To render infamous; to bring into disrepute. My guilt thy growing virtues did defame; My blackness blotted thy unblemish'd name. Dryden.

3. To charge; to accuse. [R.] Rebecca is . . . defamed of sorcery practiced on the person of a noble knight. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- To asperse; slander; calumniate; vilify. See Asperse.

DEFAME De*fame", n.

Defn: Dishonor. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEFAMER De*fam"er, n.

Defn: One who defames; a slanderer; a detractor; a calumniator.

DEFAMINGLY De*fam"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a defamatory manner.

DEFAMOUS Def"a*mous, a.

Defn: Defamatory. [Obs.]

DEFATIGABLE De*fat"i*ga*ble, a. Etym: [See Defatigate.]

Defn: Capable of being wearied or tired out. [R.] Glanvill.

DEFATIGATE De*fat"i*gate, v. t. Etym: [L. defatigatus, p. p. of defatigare; de- + fatigare to weary. See Fatigue.]

Defn: To weary or tire out; to fatigue. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

DEFATIGATION De*fat`i*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. defatigatio.]

Defn: Weariness; fatigue. [R.] Bacon.

DEFAULT De*fault", n. Etym: [OE. defaute, OF. defaute, defalte, fem., F. défaut, masc., LL. defalta, fr. a verb meaning, to be deficient, to want, fail, fr. L. de- + fallere to deceive. See Fault.]

1. A failing or failure; omission of that which ought to be done; neglect to do whaas, this evil has happened through the governor's default.

2. Fault; offense; ill deed; wrong act; failure in virtue or wisdom. And pardon craved for his so rash default. Spenser. Regardless of our merit or default. Pope.

3. (Law)

Defn: A neglect of, or failure to take, some step necessary to secure the benefit of law, as a failure to appear in court at a day assigned, especially of the defendant in a suit when called to make answer; also of jurors, witnesses, etc. In default of, in case of failure or lack of. Cooks could make artificial birds and fishes in default of the real ones. Arbuthnot. -- To suffer a default (Law), to permit an action to be called without appearing to answer.

DEFAULT De*fault", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Defaulted; p. pr. & vb. n. Defaulting.]

1. To fail in duty; to offend. That he gainst courtesy so foully did default. Spenser.

2. To fail in fulfilling a contract, agreement, or duty.

3. To fail to appear in court; to let a case go by default.

DEFAULT De*fault", v. t.

1. To fail to perform or pay; to be guilty of neglect of; to omit; as, to default a dividend. What they have defaulted towards him as no king. Milton.

2. (Law)

Defn: To call a defendant or other party whose duty it is to be present in court, and make entry of his default, if he fails to appear; to enter a default against.

3. To leave out of account; to omit. [Obs.] Defaulting unnecessary and partial discourses. Hales.

DEFAULTER De*fault"er, n.

1. One who makes default; one who fails to appear in court when court when called.

2. One who fails to perform a duty; a delinquent; particularly, one who fails to account for public money intrusted to his care; a peculator; a defalcator.

DEFEASANCE De*fea"sance, n. Etym: [OF. defesance, fr. defesant, F. défaisant, p. pr. of defaire, F. défaire, to undo. See Defeat.]

1. A defeat; an overthrow. [Obs.] After his foes' defeasance. Spenser.

2. A rendering null or void.

3. (Law)

Defn: A condition, relating to a deed, which being performed, the deed is defeated or rendered void; or a collateral deed, made at the same time with a feoffment, or other conveyance, containing conditions, on the performance of which the estate then created may be defeated.

Note: Mortgages were usually made in this manner in former times, but the modern practice is to include the conveyance and the defeasance in the same deed.

DEFEASANCED De*fea"sanced, a. (Law)

Defn: Liable to defeasance; capable of being made void or forfeited.

DEFEASIBLE De*fea"si*ble, a. Etym: [See Defeasance.]

Defn: Capable of being annulled or made void; as, a defeasible title. -- De*fea"si*ble*ness, n.

DEFEAT De*feat", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defeated; p. pr. & vb. n. Defeating.] Etym: [From F. défait, OF. desfait, p. p. ofe défaire, OF. desfaire, to undo; L. dis- + facere to do. See Feat, Fact, and cf. Disfashion.]

1. To undo; to disfigure; to destroy. [Obs.] His unkindness may defeat my life. Shak.

2. To render null and void, as a title; to frustrate, as hope; to deprive, as of an estate. He finds himself naturally to dread a superior Being that can defeat all his designs, and disappoint all his hopes. Tillotson. The escheators . . . defeated the right heir of his succession. Hallam. In one instance he defeated his own purpose. A. W. Ward.

3. To overcome or vanquish, as an army; to check, disperse, or ruin by victory; to overthrow.

4. To resist with success; as, to defeat an assault. Sharp reasons to defeat the law. Shak.

Syn. -- To baffle; disappoint; frustrate.

DEFEAT De*feat", n. Etym: [Cf. F. défaite, fr. défaire. See Defeat, v.]

1. An undoing or annulling; destruction. [Obs.] Upon whose property and most dear life A damned defeat was made. Shak.

2. Frustration by rendering null and void, or by prevention of success; as, the defeat of a plan or design.

3. An overthrow, as of an army in battle; loss of a battle; repulse suffered; discomfiture; -- opposed to victory.

DEFEATURE De*fea"ture, n. Etym: [OF. desfaiture a killing, disguising, prop., an undoing. See Defeat, and cf. Disfeature.]

1. Overthrow; defeat. [Obs.] "Nothing but loss in their defeature." Beau. & Fl.

2. Disfigurement; deformity. [Obs.] "Strange defeatures in my face." Shak.

DEFEATURED De*fea"tured, p. p.

Defn: Changed in features; deformed. [R.] Features when defeatured in the . . . way I have described. De Quincey.

DEFECATE Def"e*cate, a. Etym: [L. defaecatus, p. p. of defaecare to defecate; de- + faex, faecis, dregs, less.]

Defn: Freed from anything that can pollute, as dregs, lees, etc.; refined; purified. Till the soul be defecate from the dregs of sense. Bates.

DEFECATE Def"e*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defecated; p. pr. & vb. n. Defecating.]

1. To clear from impurities, as lees, dregs, etc.; to clarify; to purify; to refine. To defecate the dark and muddy oil of amber. Boyle.

2. To free from extraneous or polluting matter; to clear; to purify, as from that which materializes. We defecate the notion from materiality. Glanvill. Defecated from all the impurities of sense. Bp. Warburton.

DEFECATE Def"e*cate, v. i.

1. To become clear, pure, or free. Goldsmith.

2. To void excrement.

DEFECATION Def`e*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. defaecatio: cf. F. défécation.]

1. The act of separating from impurities, as lees or dregs; purification.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The act or process of voiding excrement.

DEFECATOR Def"e*ca`tor, n.

Defn: That which cleanses or purifies; esp., an apparatus for removing the feculencies of juices and sirups. Knight.

DEFECT De*fect", n. Etym: [L. defectus, fr. deficere, defectum, to desert, fail, be wanting; de- + facere to make, do. See Fact, Feat, and cf. Deficit.]

1. Want or absence of something necessary for completeness or perfection; deficiency; -- opposed to superfluity. Errors have been corrected, and defects supplied. Davies.

2. Failing; fault; imperfection, whether physical or moral; blemish; as, a defect in the ear or eye; a defect in timber or iron; a defect of memory or judgment. Trust not yourself; but, your defects to know, Make use of every friend -- any every foe. Pope. Among boys little tenderness is shown to personal defects. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Deficiency; imperfection; blemish. See Fault.

DEFECT De*fect", v. i.

Defn: To fail; to become deficient. [Obs.] "Defected honor." Warner.

DEFECT De*fect", v. t.

Defn: To injure; to damage. "None can my life defect." [R.] Troubles of Q. Elizabeth (1639).

DEFECTIBILITY De*fect`i*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Deficiency; imperfection. [R.] Ld. Digby. Jer. Taylor.

DEFECTIBLE De*fect"i*ble, a.

Defn: Liable to defect; imperfect. [R.] "A defectible understanding." Jer. Taylor.

DEFECTION De*fec"tion, n. Etym: [L. defectio: cf. F. défection. See Defect.]

Defn: Act of abandoning a person or cause to which one is bound by allegiance or duty, or to which one has attached himself; desertion; failure in duty; a falling away; apostasy; backsliding. "Defection and falling away from God." Sir W. Raleigh. The general defection of the whole realm. Sir J. Davies.

DEFECTIONIST De*fec"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who advocates or encourages defection.

DEFECTIOUS De*fec"tious, a.

Defn: Having defects; imperfect. [Obs.] "Some one defectious piece." Sir P. Sidney.

DEFECTIVE De*fect"ive, a. Etym: [L. defectivus: cf. F. défectif. See Defect.]

1. Wanting in something; incomplete; lacking a part; deficient; imperfect; faulty; -- applied either to natural or moral qualities; as, a defective limb; defective timber; a defective copy or account; a defective character; defective rules.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: Lacking some of the usual forms of declension or conjugation; as, a defective noun or verb. -- De*fect"ive*ly, adv. -- De*fect"ive*ness, n.

DEFECTUOSITY De*fec`tu*os"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. défectuosité.]

Defn: Great imperfection. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

DEFECTUOUS De*fec"tu*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. défectueux.]

Defn: Full of defects; imperfect. [Obs.] Barrow.

DEFEDATION Def`e*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. defoedare, defoedatum, to defile; de- + foedare to foul, foedus foul.]

Defn: The act of making foul; pollution. [Obs.]

DEFENCE De*fence", n. & v. t.

Defn: See Defense.

DEFEND De*fend", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defended; p. pr. & vb. n. Defending.] Etym: [F. défendre, L. defendere; de- + fendere (only in comp.) to strike; perh. akin to Gr. dint. Cf. Dint, Defense, Fend.]

1. To ward or fend off; to drive back or away; to repel. [A Latinism & Obs.] Th' other strove for to defend The force of Vulcan with his might and main. Spenser.

2. To prohibit; to forbid. [Obs.] Chaucer. Which God defend that I should wring from him. Shak.

3. To repel danger or harm from; to protect; to secure against; attack; to maintain against force or argument; to uphold; to guard; as, to defend a town; to defend a cause; to defend character; to defend the absent; -- sometimes followed by from or against; as, to defend one's self from, or against, one's enemies. The lord mayor craves aid . . . to defend the city. Shak. God defend the right! Shak. A village near it was defended by the river. Clarendon.

4. (Law.)

Defn: To deny the right of the plaintiff in regard to (the suit, or the wrong charged); to oppose or resist, as a claim at law; to contest, as a suit. Burrill.

Syn. -- To Defend, Protect. To defend is literally to ward off; to protect is to cover so as to secure against approaching danger. We defend those who are attacked; we protect those who are liable to injury or invasion. A fortress is defended by its guns, and protected by its wall. As birds flying, so will the Lord of hosts defend Jerusalem; defending also he will deliver it. Is. xxxi. 5. Leave not the faithful side That gave thee being, still shades thee and protects. Milton.

DEFENDABLE De*fend"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. défendable.]

Defn: Capable of being defended; defensible. [R.]

DEFENDANT De*fend"ant, a. Etym: [F. défendant, p. pr. of défendre. See Defend.]

1. Serving, or suitable, for defense; defensive. [Obs.] With men of courage and with means defendant. Shak.

2. Making defense.

DEFENDANT De*fend"ant, n.

1. One who defends; a defender. The rampiers and ditches which the defendants had cast up. Spotswood.

2. (Law)

Defn: A person required to make answer in an action or suit; -- opposed to plaintiff. Abbott.

Note: The term is applied to any party of whom a demand is made in court, whether the party denies and defends the claim, or admits it, and suffers a default; also to a party charged with a criminal offense.

DEFENDEE De`fen*dee", n.

Defn: One who is defended. [R. & Ludicrous]

DEFENDER De*fend"er, n. Etym: [Cf. Fender.]

Defn: One who defends; one who maintains, supports, protects, or vindicates; a champion; an advocate; a vindicator. Provinces . . . left without their ancient and puissant defenders. Motley.

DEFENDRESS De*fend"ress, n.

Defn: A female defender. [R.] Defendress of the faith. Stow.

DEFENSATIVE De*fen"sa*tive, n. Etym: [L. defensare, defensatum, to defend diligently, intens. of defendere. See Defend.]

Defn: That which serves to protect or defend.

DEFENSE; DEFENCE De*fense", De*fence", n. Etym: [F. défense, OF. defense, fem., defens, masc., fr. L. defensa (cf. Fence.]

1. The act of defending, or the state of being defended; protection, as from violence or danger. In cases of defense 't is best to weigh The enemy more mighty than he seems. Shak.

2. That which defends or protects; anything employed to oppose attack, ward off violence or danger, or maintain security; a guard; a protection. War would arise in defense of the right. Tennyson. God, the widow's champion and defense. Shak.

3. Protecting plea; vindication; justification. Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defense. Acts xxii. 1.

4. (Law)

Defn: The defendant's answer or plea; an opposing or denial of the truth or validity of the plaintiff's or prosecutor's case; the method of proceeding adopted by the defendant to protect himself against the plaintiff's action.

5. Act or skill in making defense; defensive plan or policy; practice in self defense, as in fencing, boxing, etc. A man of great defense. Spenser. By how much defense is better than no skill. Shak.

6. Prohibition; a prohibitory ordinance. [Obs.] Severe defenses . . . against wearing any linen under a certain breadth. Sir W. Temple.

DEFENSE De*fense", v. t.

Defn: To furnish with defenses; to fortify. [Obs.] [Written also defence.] Better manned and more strongly defensed. Hales.

DEFENSELESS De*fense"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of defense; unprepared to resist attack; unable to oppose; unprotected. -- De*fense"less*ly, adv. -- De*fense"less*ness, n.

DEFENSER De*fens"er, n. Etym: [Cf. F. défenseur, L. defensor. Cf. Defensor.]

Defn: Defender. [Obs.] Foxe.

DEFENSIBILITY De*fen`si*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Capability of being defended.

DEFENSIBLE De*fen"si*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. défensable, LL. defensabilis, defensibilis. See Defense, and cf. Defendable.]

1. Capable of being defended; as, a defensible city, or a defensible cause.

2. Capable of offering defense. [Obs.] Shak.

DEFENSIBLENESS De*fen"si*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Capability of being defended; defensibility. Priestley.

DEFENSIVE De*fen"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. défensif.]

1. Serving to defend or protect; proper for defense; opposed to offensive; as, defensive armor. A moat defensive to a house. Shak.

2. Carried on by resisting attack or aggression; -- opposed to offensive; as, defensive war.

3. In a state or posture of defense. Milton.

DEFENSIVE De*fen"sive, n.

Defn: That which defends; a safeguard. Wars preventive, upon just fears, are true defensive. Bacon. To be on the defensive, To stand on the defensive, to be or stand in a state or posture of defense or resistance, in opposition to aggression or attack.

DEFENSIVELY De*fen"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: On the defensive.

DEFENSOR De*fen"sor, n. Etym: [L. See Defenser.]

1. A defender. Fabyan.

2. (Law)

Defn: A defender or an advocate in court; a guardian or protector.

3. (Eccl.)

Defn: The patron of a church; an officer having charge of the temporal affairs of a church.

DEFENSORY De*fen"so*ry, a. Etym: [L. defensorius.]

Defn: Tending to defend; defensive; as, defensory preparations.

DEFER De*fer", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deferred; p. pr. & vb. n. Deferring.] Etym: [OE. differren, F. différer, fr. L. differre to delay, bear different ways; dis- + ferre to bear. See Bear to support, and cf. Differ, Defer to offer.]

Defn: To put off; to postpone to a future time; to delay the execution of; to delay; to withhold. Defer the spoil of the city until night. Shak. God . . . will not long defer To vindicate the glory of his name. Milton.

DEFER De*fer", v. i.

Defn: To put off; to delay to act; to wait. Pius was able to defer and temporize at leisure. J. A. Symonds.

DEFER De*fer", v. t. Etym: [F. déférer to pay deference, to yield, to bring before a judge, fr. L. deferre to bring down; de- + ferre to bear. See Bear to support, and cf. Defer to delay, Delate.]

1. To render or offer. [Obs.] Worship deferred to the Virgin. Brevint.

2. To lay before; to submit in a respectful manner; to refer; -- with to. Hereupon the commissioners . . . deferred the matter to the Earl of Northumberland. Bacon.

DEFER De*fer", v. i.

Defn: To yield deference to the wishes of another; to submit to the opinion of another, or to authority; -- with to. The house, deferring to legal right, acquiesced. Bancroft.

DEFERENCE Def"er*ence, n. Etym: [F. déférence. See 3d Defer.]

Defn: A yielding of judgment or preference from respect to the wishes or opinion of another; submission in opinion; regard; respect; complaisance. Deference to the authority of thoughtful and sagacious men. Whewell. Deference is the most complicate, the most indirect, and the most elegant of all compliments. Shenstone.

Syn. -- Deference, Reverence, Respect. Deference marks an inclination to yield one's opinion, and to acquiesce in the sentiments of another in preference to one's own. Respect marks the estimation that we have for another, which makes us look to him as worthy of high confidence for the qualities of his mind and heart. Reverence denotes a mingling of fear with a high degree of respect and esteem. Age, rank, dignity, and personal merit call for deference; respect should be paid to the wise and good; reverence is due to God, to the authors of our being, and to the sanctity of the laws.

DEFERENT Def"er*ent, a. Etym: [L. deferens, p. pr. of deferre. See 3d Defer.]

Defn: Serving to carry; bearing. [R.] "Bodies deferent." Bacon.

DEFERENT Def"er*ent, n.

1. That which carries or conveys. Though air be the most favorable deferent of sounds. Bacon.

2. (Ptolemaic Astron.)

Defn: An imaginary circle surrounding the earth, in whose periphery either the heavenly body or the center of the heavenly body's epicycle was supposed to be carried round.

DEFERENTIAL Def`er*en"tial, a. Etym: [See Deference.]

Defn: Expressing deference; accustomed to defer.

DEFERENTIALLY Def`er*en"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: With deference.

DEFERMENT De*fer"ment, n. Etym: [See 1st Defer.]

Defn: The act of delaying; postponement. [R.] My grief, joined with the instant business, Begs a deferment. Suckling.

DEFERRER De*fer"rer, n.

Defn: One who defers or puts off.

DEFERVESCENCE; DEFERVESCENCY De`fer*ves"cence, De`fer*ves"cency, n. Etym: [L. defervescere to grow cool.]

1. A subsiding from a state of ebullition; loss of heat; lukewarmness. A defervescency in holy actions. Jer. Taylor.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The subsidence of a febrile process; as, the stage of defervescence in pneumonia.

DEFEUDALIZE De*feu"dal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of the feudal character or form.

DEFIANCE De*fi"ance, n. Etym: [OF. defiance, desfiance, challenge, fr. desfier to challenge, F. défier. See Defy.]

1. The act of defying, putting in opposition, or provoking to combat; a challenge; a provocation; a summons to combat. A war without a just defiance made. Dryden. Stood for her cause, and flung defiance down. Tennyson.

2. A state of opposition; willingness to flight; disposition to resist; contempt of opposition. He breathed defiance to my ears. Shak.

3. A casting aside; renunciation; rejection. [Obs.] "Defiance to thy kindness." Ford. To bid defiance, To set at defiance, to defy; to disregard recklessly or contemptuously. Locke.

DEFIANT De*fi"ant, a. Etym: [Cf. F. défiant, p. pr. of défier. See Defy.]

Defn: Full of defiance; bold; insolent; as, a defiant spirit or act. In attitude stern and defiant. Longfellow. -- De*fi"ant*ly, adv. -- De*fi"ant*ness, n.

DEFIATORY De*fi"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [See Defy.]

Defn: Bidding or manifesting defiance. [Obs.] Shelford.

DEFIBRINATE De*fi"bri*nate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of fibrin, as fresh blood or lymph by stirring with twigs.

DEFIBRINATION De*fi`bri*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of depriving of fibrin.

DEFIBRINIZE De*fi"bri*nize, v. t.

Defn: To defibrinate.

DEFICIENCE De*fi"cience, n.

Defn: Same as Deficiency. Thou in thyself art perfect, and in thee Is no deficience found. Milton.

DEFICIENCY De*fi"cien*cy, n.; pl. Deficiencies. Etym: [See Deficient.]

Defn: The state of being deficient; inadequacy; want; failure; imperfection; shortcoming; defect. "A deficiencyof blood." Arbuthnot. [Marlborough] was so miserably ignorant, that his deficiencies made him the ridicule of his contemporaries. Buckle. Deficiency of a curve (Geom.), the amount by which the number of double points on a curve is short of the maximum for curves of the same degree.

DEFICIENT De*fi"cient, a. Etym: [L. deficiens, -entis, p. pr. of deficere to be wanting. See Defect.]

Defn: Wanting, to make up completeness; wanting, as regards a requirement; not sufficient; inadequate; defective; imperfect; incomplete; lacking; as, deficient parts; deficient estate; deficient strength; deficient in judgment. The style was indeed deficient in ease and variety. Macaulay. Deficient number. (Arith.) See under Abundant. -- De*fi"cient-ly, adv.

DEFICIT Def"i*cit, n. Etym: [Lit., it is wanting, 3d person pres. indic. of L. deficere, cf. F. déficit. See Defect.]

Defn: Deficiency in amount or quality; a falling short; lack; as, a deficit in taxes, revenue, etc. Addison.

DEFIER De*fi"er, n. Etym: [See Defy.]

Defn: One who dares and defies; a contemner; as, a defier of the laws.

DEFIGURATION De*fig`u*ra"tion, n.

Defn: Disfiguration; mutilation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DEFIGURE De*fig"ure, v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- (intens.) + figure.]

Defn: To delineate. [Obs.] These two stones as they are here defigured. Weever.

DEFILADE De`fi*lade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defiladed; p. pr. & vb. n. Defilading.] Etym: [Cf. F. défiler to defile, and défilade act of defiling. See 1st Defile.] (Mil.)

Defn: To raise, as a rampart, so as to shelter interior works commanded from some higher point.

DEFILADING De`fi*lad"ing, n. (Mil.)

Defn: The art or act of determining the directions and heights of the lines of rampart with reference to the protection of the interior from exposure to an enemy's fire from any point within range, or from any works which may be erected. Farrow.

DEFILE De*file", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Defiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Defiling.] Etym: [F. défiler; pref. dé-, for des- (L. dis-) + file a row or line. See File a row.]

Defn: To march off in a line, file by file; to file off.

DEFILE De*file", v. t. (Mil.)

Defn: Same as Defilade.

DEFILE De*file", n. Etym: [Cf. F. défilé, fr. défiler to defile.]

1. Any narrow passage or gorge in which troops can march only in a file, or with a narrow front; a long, narrow pass between hills, rocks, etc.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: The act of defilading a fortress, or of raising the exterior works in order to protect the interior. See Defilade.

DEFILE De*file", v. t. Etym: [OE. defoulen, -foilen, to tread down, OF. defouler; de- + fouler to trample (see Full, v. t.), and OE. defoulen to foul (influenced in form by the older verb defoilen). See File to defile, Foul, Defoul.]

1. To make foul or impure; to make filthy; to dirty; to befoul; to pollute. They that touch pitch will be defiled. Shak.

2. To soil or sully; to tarnish, as reputation; to taint. He is . . . among the greatest prelates of this age, however his character may be defiled by . . . dirty hands. Swift.

3. To injure in purity of character; to corrupt. Defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt. Ezek. xx. 7.

4. To corrupt the chastity of; to debauch; to violate. The husband murder'd and the wife defiled. Prior.

5. To make ceremonially unclean; to pollute. That which dieth of itself, or is torn with beasts, he shall not eat to defile therewith. Lev. xxii. 8.

DEFILEMENT De*file"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. défilement. See Defile] (Mil.)

Defn: The protection of the interior walls of a fortification from an enfilading fire, as by covering them, or by a high parapet on the exposed side.

DEFILEMENT De*file"ment, n. Etym: [From 3d Defile.]

Defn: The act of defiling, or state of being defiled, whether physically or morally; pollution; foulness; dirtiness; uncleanness. Defilements of the flesh. Hopkins. The chaste can not rake into such filth without danger of defilement. Addison.

DEFILER De*fil"er, n.

Defn: One who defiles; one who corrupts or violates; that which pollutes.

DEFILIATION De*fil`i*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. de- + filius son.]

Defn: Abstraction of a child from its parents. Lamb.

DEFINABLE De*fin"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Define.]

Defn: Capable of being defined, limited, or explained; determinable; describable by definition; ascertainable; as, definable limits; definable distinctions or regulations; definable words. -- De*fin"a*bly, adv.

DEFINE De*fine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defined; p. pr. & vb. n. Defining.] Etym: [OE. definer, usually, to end, to finish, F. définir to define, L. definire to limit, define; de- + finire to limit, end, finis boundary, limit, end. See Final, Finish.]

1. To fix the bounds of; to bring to a termination; to end. "To define controversies." Barrow.

2. To determine or clearly exhibit the boundaries of; to mark the limits of; as, to define the extent of a kingdom or country.

3. To determine with precision; to mark out with distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly; as, the defining power of an optical instrument. Rings . . . very distinct and well defined. Sir I. Newton.

4. To determine the precise signification of; to fix the meaning of; to describe accurately; to explain; to expound or interpret; as, to define a word, a phrase, or a scientific term. They define virtue to be life ordered according to nature. Robynson (More's Utopia).

DEFINE De*fine", v. i.

Defn: To determine; to decide. [Obs.]

DEFINEMENT De*fine"ment, n.

Defn: The act of defining; definition; description. [Obs.] Shak.

DEFINER De*fin"er, n.

Defn: One who defines or explains.

DEFINITE Def"i*nite, a. Etym: [L. definitis, p. p. of definire: cf. F. défini. See Define.]

1. Having certain or distinct; determinate in extent or greatness; limited; fixed; as, definite dimensions; a definite measure; a definite period or interval. Elements combine in definite proportions. Whewell.

2. Having certain limits in signification; determinate; certain; precise; fixed; exact; clear; as, a definite word, term, or expression.

3. Determined; resolved. [Obs.] Shak.

4. Serving to define or restrict; limiting; determining; as, the definite article. Definite article (Gram.), the article the, which is used to designate a particular person or thing, or a particular class of persons or things; -- also called a definitive. See Definitive, n. -- Definite inflorescence. (Bot.) See Determinate inflorescence, under Determinate. -- Law of definite proportions (Chem.), the essential law of chemical combination that every definite compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by weight; and, if two or more elements form more than one compound with each other, the relative proportions of each are fixed. Compare Law of multiple proportions, under Multiple.

DEFINITE Def"i*nite, n.

Defn: A thing defined or determined. [Obs.]

DEFINITELY Def"i*nite*ly, adv.

Defn: In a definite manner; with precision; precisely; determinately.

DEFINITENESS Def"i*nite*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being definite; determinateness; precision; certainty.

DEFINITION Def`i*ni"tion, n. Etym: [L. definitio: cf. F. définition.]

1. The act of defining; determination of the limits; as, the telescope accurate in definition.

2. Act of ascertaining and explaining the signification; a description of a thing by its properties; an explanation of the meaning of a word or term; as, the definition of "circle;" the definition of "wit;" an exact definition; a loose definition. Definition being nothing but making another understand by words what the term defined stands for. Locke.

3. Description; sort. [R.] "A new creature of another definition." Jer. Taylor.

4. (Logic)

Defn: An exact enunciation of the constituents which make up the logical essence.

5. (Opt.)

Defn: Distinctness or clearness, as of an image formed by an optical instrument; precision in detail.

Syn. -- Definition, Explanation, Description. A definition is designed to settle a thing in its compass and extent; an explanation is intended to remove some obscurity or misunderstanding, and is therefore more extended and minute; a description enters into striking particulars with a view to interest or impress by graphic effect. It is not therefore true, though often said, that description is only an extended definition. "Logicians distinguish definitions into essential and accidental. An essential definition states what are regarded as the constituent parts of the essence of that which is to be defined; and an accidental definition lays down what are regarded as circumstances belonging to it, viz., properties or accidents, such as causes, effects, etc." Whately.

DEFINITIONAL Def`i*ni"tion*al, a.

Defn: Relating to definition; of the nature of a definition; employed in defining.

DEFINITIVE De*fin"i*tive, a. Etym: [L. definitivus: cf. F. définitif.]

1. Determinate; positive; final; conclusive; unconditional; express. A strict and definitive truth. Sir T. Browne. Some definitive . . . scheme of reconciliation. Prescott.

2. Limiting; determining; as, a definitive word.

3. Determined; resolved. [Obs.] Shak.

DEFINITIVE De*fin"i*tive, n. (Gram.)

Defn: A word used to define or limit the extent of the signification of a common noun, such as the definite article, and some pronouns.

Note: Definitives . . . are commonly called by grammarians articles. . . . They are of two kinds, either those properly and strictly so called, or else pronominal articles, such as this, that, any, other, some, all, no, none, etc. Harris (Hermes).

DEFINITIVELY De*fin"i*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a definitive manner.

DEFINITIVENESS De*fin"i*tive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being definitive.

DEFINITUDE De*fin"i*tude, n.

Defn: Definiteness. [R.] Definitude . . . is a knowledge of minute differences. Sir W. Hamilton.

DEFIX De*fix", v. t. Etym: [L. defixus, p. p. of defigere to fix; de- + figere to fix.]

Defn: To fix; to fasten; to establish. [Obs.] "To defix their princely seat . . . in that extreme province." Hakluyt.

DEFLAGRABILITY Def`la*gra*bil"i*ty, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The state or quality of being deflagrable. The ready deflagrability . . . of saltpeter. Boyle.

DEFLAGRABLE De*fla"gra*ble, a. Etym: [See Deflagrate.] (Chem.)

Defn: Burning with a sudden and sparkling combustion, as niter; hence, slightly explosive; liable to snap and crackle when heated, as salt.

DEFLAGRATE Def"la*grate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Deflagrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deflagrating.] Etym: [L. deflagratus, p. p. of deflagrare to burn up; de- + flagrare to flame, burn.] (Chem.)

Defn: To burn with a sudden and sparkling combustion, as niter; also, to snap and crackle with slight explosions when heated, as salt.

DEFLAGRATE Def"la*grate, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To cause to burn with sudden and sparkling combustion, as by the action of intense heat; to burn or vaporize suddenly; as, to deflagrate refractory metals in the oxyhydrogen flame.

DEFLAGRATION Def`la*gra"tion, n. Etym: [L. deflagratio: cf. F. déflagration.]

1. A burning up; conflagration. "Innumerable deluges and deflagrations." Bp. Pearson.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of deflagrating.

DEFLAGRATOR Def"la*gra`tor, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A form of the voltaic battery having large plates, used for producing rapid and powerful combustion.

DEFLATE De*flate", v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- down + L. flare, flatus to blow.]

Defn: To reduce from an inflated condition.

DEFLECT De*flect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deflected; p. pr. & vb. n. Deflecting.] Etym: [L. deflectere; de- + flectere to bend or turn. See Flexible.]

Defn: To cause to turn aside; to bend; as, rays of light are often deflected. Sitting with their knees deflected under them. Lord (1630).

DEFLECT De*flect", v. i.

Defn: To turn aside; to deviate from a right or a horizontal line, or from a proper position, course or direction; to swerve. At some part of the Azores, the needle deflecteth not, but lieth in the true meridian. Sir T. Browne. To deflect from the line of truth and reason. Warburton.

DEFLECTABLE De*flect"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being deflected.

DEFLECTED De*flect"ed, a.

1. Turned aside; deviating from a direct line or course.

2. Bent downward; deflexed.

DEFLECTION De*flec"tion, n. Etym: [L. deflexio, fr. deflectere: cf. F. déflexion.]

1. The act of turning aside, or state of being turned aside; a turning from a right line or proper course; a bending, esp. downward; deviation. The other leads to the same point, through certain deflections. Lowth.

2. (Gunnery)

Defn: The deviation of a shot or ball from its true course.

3. (Opt.)

Defn: A deviation of the rays of light toward the surface of an opaque body; inflection; diffraction.

4. (Engin.)

Defn: The bending which a beam or girder undergoes from its own weight or by reason of a load.

DEFLECTIONIZATION De*flec`tion*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of freeing from inflections. Earle.

DEFLECTIONIZE De*flec"tion*ize, v. t.

Defn: To free from inflections. Deflectionized languages are said to be analytic. Earle.

DEFLECTIVE De*flect"ive, a.

Defn: Causing deflection. Deflective forces, forces that cause a body to deviate from its course.

DEFLECTOR De*flect"or, n. (Mech.)

Defn: That which deflects, as a diaphragm in a furnace, or a come in a lamp (to deflect and mingle air and gases and help combustion).

DEFLEXED De*flexed", a.

Defn: Bent abruptly downward.

DEFLEXION De*flex"ion, n.

Defn: See Deflection.

DEFLEXURE De*flex"ure, n. Etym: [From L. deflectere, deflexum. See Deflect.]

Defn: A bending or turning aside; deflection. Bailey.

DEFLORATE De*flo"rate, a. Etym: [LL. defloratus, p. p. of deflorare. See Deflour.] (Bot.)

Defn: Past the flowering state; having shed its pollen. Gray.

DEFLORATION Def`lo*ra"tion, n. Etym: [LL. defloratio: cf. F. défloration.]

1. The act of deflouring; as, the defloration if a virgin. Johnson.

2. That which is chosen as the flower or choicest part; careful culling or selection. [R.] The laws of Normandy are, in a great measure, the defloration of the English laws. Sir M. Hale.

DEFLOUR De*flour", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defloured; p. pr. & vb. n. Deflouring.] Etym: [F. déflorer, LL. deflorare; L. de- + flos, floris, flower. See Flower, and cf. Deflorate.]

1. To deprive of flowers.

2. To take away the prime beauty and grace of; to rob of the choicest ornament. He died innocent and before the sweetness of his soul was defloured and ravished from him. Jer. Taylor.

3. To deprive of virginity, as a woman; to violate; to ravish; also, to seduce.

DEFLOURER De*flour"er, n.

Defn: One who deflours; a ravisher.

DEFLOW De*flow", v. i. Etym: [Pref. de- + flow: cf. L. defluere.]

Defn: To flow down. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DEFLOWER De*flow"er, v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + flower.]

Defn: Same as Deflour. An earthquake . . . deflowering the gardens. W. Montagu. If a man had deflowered a virgin. Milton.

DEFLOWERER De*flow"er*er, n.

Defn: See Deflourer. Milton.

DEFLUOUS Def"lu*ous, a. Etym: [L. defluus, fr. defluere to flow down; de- + fluere to flow.]

Defn: Flowing down; falling off. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEFLUX De*flux", n. Etym: [L. defluxus, fr. defluere, defluxum.]

Defn: Downward flow. [Obs.] Bacon.

DEFLUXION De*flux"ion, n. Etym: [L. defluxio.] (Med.)

Defn: A discharge or flowing of humors or fluid matter, as from the nose in catarrh; -- sometimes used synonymously with inflammation. Dunglison.

DEFLY Def"ly, adv.

Defn: Deftly. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEFOEDATION Def`oe*da"tion, n.

Defn: Defedation. [Obs.]

DEFOLIATE; DEFOLIATED De*fo"li*ate, De*fo"li*a`ted. a.

Defn: Deprived of leaves, as by their natural fall.

DEFOLIATION De*fo`li*a"tion, n. Etym: [LL. defoliare, defoliatum, to shed leaves; L. de- + folium leaf: cf. F. défoliation.]

Defn: The separation of ripened leaves from a branch or stem; the falling or shedding of the leaves.

DEFORCE De*force", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deforced; p. pr. & vb. n. Deforcing.] Etym: [OF. deforcier; de- or des- (L. de or dis-) + forcier, F. forcer. See Force, v.] (Law) (a) To keep from the rightful owner; to withhold wrongfully the possession of, as of lands or a freehold. (b) (Scots Law) To resist the execution of the law; to oppose by force, as an officer in the execution of his duty. Burrill.

DEFORCEMENT De*force"ment, n. Etym: [OF.] (Law) (a) A keeping out by force or wrong; a wrongful withholding, as of lands or tenements, to which another has a right. (b) (Scots Law) Resistance to an officer in the execution of law. Burrill.

DEFORCEOR De*force"or, n.

Defn: Same as Deforciant. [Obs.]

DEFORCIANT De*for"ciant, n. Etym: [OF. deforciant, p. pr. of deforcier. See Deforce.] (Eng. Law) (a) One who keeps out of possession the rightful owner of an estate. (b) One against whom a fictitious action of fine was brought. [Obs.] Burrill.

DEFORCIATION De*for`ci*a"tion, n. (Law)

Defn: Same as Deforcement, n.

DEFOREST De*for"est, v. t.

Defn: To clear of forests; to dis U. S. Agric. Reports.

DEFORM De*form", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deformed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deforming.] Etym: [L. deformare; de- + formare to form, shape, fr. forma: cf. F. déformer. See Form.]

1. To spoil the form of; to mar in form; to misshape; to disfigure. Deformed, unfinished, sent before my time Into this breathing world. Shak.

2. To render displeasing; to deprive of comeliness, grace, or perfection; to dishonor. Above those passions that this world deform. Thomson.

DEFORM De*form", a. Etym: [L. deformis; de- + forma form: cf. OF. deforme, F. difforme. Cf. Difform.]

Defn: Deformed; misshapen; shapeless; horrid. [Obs.] Sight so deform what heart of rock could long Dry-eyed behold Milton.

DEFORMATION Def`or*ma"tion, n. Etym: [L. deformatio: cf. F. déformation.]

1. The act of deforming, or state of anything deformed. Bp. Hall.

2. Transformation; change of shape.

DEFORMED De*formed", a.

Defn: Unnatural or distorted in form; having a deformity; misshapen; disfigured; as, a deformed person; a deformed head. -- De*form"ed*ly, adv. -- De*form"ed*ness, n.

DEFORMER De*form"er, n.

Defn: One who deforms.

DEFORMITY De*form"i*ty, n.; pl. Deformities. Etym: [L. deformitas, fr. deformis: cf. OF. deformeté, deformité, F. difformité. See Deform, v. & a., and cf. Disformity.]

1. The state of being deformed; want of proper form or symmetry; any unnatural form or shape; distortion; irregularity of shape or features; ugliness. To make an envious mountain on my back, Where sits deformity to mock my body. Shak.

2. Anything that destroys beauty, grace, or propriety; irregularity; absurdity; gross deviation from other or the established laws of propriety; as, deformity in an edifice; deformity of character. Confounded, that her Maker's eyes Should look so near upon her foul deformities. Milton.

DEFORSER De*fors"er, n. Etym: [From Deforce.] Etym: [Written also deforsor.]

Defn: A deforciant. [Obs.] Blount.

DEFOUL De*foul", v. t. Etym: [See Defile, v. t.]

1. To tread down. [Obs.] Wyclif.

2. To make foul; to defile. [Obs.] Wyclif.

DEFRAUD De*fraud", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defrauded; p. pr. & vb. n. Defrauding.] Etym: [L. defraudare; de- + fraudare to cheat, fr. fraus, fraudis, fraud: cf. OF. defrauder. See Fraud.]

Defn: To deprive of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device; to withhold from wrongfully; to injure by embezzlement; to cheat; to overreach; as, to defraud a servant, or a creditor, or the state; -- with of before the thing taken or withheld. We have defrauded no man. 2 Cor. vii. 2. Churches seem injured and defrauded of their rights. Hooker.

DEFRAUDATION De`frau*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. defraudatio: cf. F. défraudation.]

Defn: The act of defrauding; a taking by fraud. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

DEFRAUDER De*fraud"er, n.

Defn: One who defrauds; a cheat; an embezzler; a peculator.

DEFRAUDMENT De*fraud"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. defraudement.]

Defn: Privation by fraud; defrauding. [Obs.] Milton.

DEFRAY De*fray", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defrayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Defraying.] Etym: [F. défrayer; pref. dé- (L. de or dis-) + frais expense, fr. LL. fredum, fridum, expense, fine by which an offender obtained peace from his sovereign, or more likely, atoned for an offense against the public peace, fr. OHG. fridu peace, G. friede. See Affray.]

1. To pay or discharge; to serve in payment of; to provide for, as a charge, debt, expenses, costs, etc. For the discharge of his expenses, and defraying his cost, he allowed him . . . four times as much. Usher.

2. To avert or appease, as by paying off; to satisfy; as, to defray wrath. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEFRAYAL De*fray"al, n.

Defn: The act of defraying; payment; as, the defrayal of necessary costs.

DEFRAYER De*fray"er, n.

Defn: One who pays off expenses.

DEFRAYMENT De*fray"ment, n.

Defn: Payment of charges.

DEFT Deft, a. Etym: [OE. daft, deft, becoming, mild, gentle, stupid (cf. OE. daffe, deffe, fool, coward), AS. dæft (in derivatives only) mild, gentle, fitting, seasonable; akin to dafen, gedafen, becoming, fit, Goth. gadaban to be fit. Cf. Daft, Daff, Dapper.]

Defn: Apt; fit; dexterous; clever; handy; spruce; neat. [Archaic or Poetic] "The deftest way." Shak. "Deftest feats." Gay. The limping god, do deft at his new ministry. Dryden. Let me be deft and debonair. Byron.

DEFTLY Deft"ly, adv. Etym: [Cf. Defly.]

Defn: Aptly; fitly; dexterously; neatly. "Deftly dancing." Drayton. Thyself and office deftly show. Shak.

DEFTNESS Deft"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being deft. Drayton.

DEFUNCT De*funct". a. Etym: [L. defunctus, p. p. of defungi to acquit one's self of, to perform, finish, depart, die; de + fungi to perform, discharge: cf. F. défunt. See Function.]

Defn: Having finished the course of life; dead; deceased. "Defunct organs." Shak. The boar, defunct, lay tripped up, near. Byron.

DEFUNCT De*funct", n.

Defn: A dead person; one deceased.

DEFUNCTION De*func"tion, n. Etym: [L. defunctio performance, death.]

Defn: Death. [Obs.] After defunction of King Pharamond. Shak.

DEFUNCTIVE De*func"tive, a.

Defn: Funereal. [Obs.] "Defunctive music." Shak.

DEFUSE De*fuse", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Diffuse.]

Defn: To disorder; to make shapeless. [Obs.] Shak.

DEFY De*fy", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Defied; p. pr. & vb. n. Defying.] Etym: [F. défier, OF. deffier, desfier, LL. disfidare to disown faith or fidelity, to dissolve the bond of allegiance, as between the vassal and his lord; hence, to challenge, defy; fr. L. dis- + fides faith. See Faith, and cf. Diffident, Affiance.]

1. To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance, faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce. [Obs.] I defy the surety and the bond. Chaucer. For thee I have defied my constant mistress. Beau. & Fl.

2. To provoke to combat or strife; to call out to combat; to challenge; to dare; to brave; to set at defiance; to treat with contempt; as, to defy an enemy; to defy the power of a magistrate; to defy the arguments of an opponent; to defy public opinion. I once again Defy thee to the trial of mortal fight. Milton. I defy the enemies of our constitution to show the contrary. Burke.

DEFY De*fy", n.

Defn: A challenge. [Obs.] Dryden.

DEGAGE Dé`ga`gé", a. [F., p. p. of dégager to disengage. See De-, lst Gage, and cf. Disgage.]

Defn: Unconstrained; easy; free. Vanbrugh.

A graceful and dégagé manner. Poe.

DEGARNISH De*gar"nish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Degarnished; p. pr. & vb. n. Degarnishing.] Etym: [F. dégarnir; pref. dé-, des- (L. dis-) + garnir to furnish. See Garnish, and cf. Disgarnish.]

1. To strip or deprive of entirely, as of furniture, ornaments, etc.; to disgarnish; as, to degarnish a house, etc. [R.]

2. To deprive of a garrison, or of troops necessary for defense; as, to degarnish a city or fort. [R.] Washington.

DEGARNISHMENT De*gar"nish*ment, n.

Defn: The act of depriving, as of furniture, apparatus, or a garrison. [R.]

DEGENDER; DEGENER De*gen"der, De*gen"er, v. i. Etym: [See Degenerate.]

Defn: To degenerate. [Obs.] "Degendering to hate." Spenser. He degenereth into beastliness. Joye.

DEGENERACY De*gen"er*a*cy, n. Etym: [From Degenerate, a.]

1. The act of becoming degenerate; a growing worse. Willful degeneracy from goodness. Tillotson.

2. The state of having become degenerate; decline in good qualities; deterioration; meanness. Degeneracy of spirit in a state of slavery. Addison. To recover mankind out of their universal corruption and degeneracy. S. Clarke.

DEGENERATE De*gen"er*ate, a. Etym: [L. degeneratus, p. p. of degenerare to degenerate, cause to degenerate, fr. degener base, degenerate, that departs from its race or kind; de- + genus race, kind. See Kin relationship.]

Defn: Having become worse than one's kind, or one's former state; having declined in worth; having lost in goodness; deteriorated; degraded; unworthy; base; low. Faint-hearted and degenerate king. Shak. A degenerate and degraded state. Milton. Degenerate from their ancient blood. Swift. These degenerate days. Pope. I had planted thee a noble vine . . . : how then art thou turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine unto me Jer. ii. 21.

DEGENERATE De*gen"er*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Degenerated; p. pr. & vb. n. Degenerating.]

1. To be or grow worse than one's kind, or than one was originally; hence, to be inferior; to grow poorer, meaner, or more vicious; to decline in good qualities; to deteriorate. When wit transgresseth decency, it degenerates into insolence and impiety. Tillotson.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: To fall off from the normal quality or the healthy structure of its kind; to become of a lower type.

DEGENERATELY De*gen"er*ate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a degenerate manner; unworthily.

DEGENERATENESS De*gen"er*ate*ness, n.

Defn: Degeneracy.

DEGENERATION De*gen`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dégénération.]

1. The act or state of growing worse, or the state of having become worse; decline; degradation; debasement; degeneracy; deterioration. Our degeneration and apostasy. Bates.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: That condition of a tissue or an organ in which its vitality has become either diminished or perverted; a substitution of a lower for a higher form of structure; as, fatty degeneration of the liver.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: A gradual deterioration, from natural causes, of any class of animals or plants or any particular or organs; hereditary degradation of type.

4. The thing degenerated. [R.] Cockle, aracus, . . . and other degenerations. Sir T. Browne. Amyloid degeneration, Caseous degeneration, etc. See under Amyloid, Caseous, etc.

DEGENERATIONIST De*gen`er*a"tion*ist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: A believer in the theory of degeneration, or hereditary degradation of type; as, the degenerationists hold that savagery is the result of degeneration from a superior state.

DEGENERATIVE De*gen"er*a*tive, a.

Defn: Undergoing or producing degeneration; tending to degenerate.

DEGENEROUS De*gen"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. degener. See Degenerate.]

Defn: Degenerate; base. [Obs.] "Degenerous passions." Dryden. "Degenerous practices." South.

DEGENEROUSLY De*gen"er*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: Basely. [Obs.]

DEGERM De*germ", v. t. (Milling)

Defn: To extract the germs from, as from wheat grains.

DEGERMINATOR De*ger"mi*na`tor, n. (Milling)

Defn: A machine for breaking open the kernels of wheat or other grain and removing the germs.

DEGLAZE De*glaze", v. t.

Defn: To remove the glaze from, as pottery or porcelain, so as to give a dull finish.

DEGLAZING De*glaz"ing, n.

Defn: The process of giving a dull or ground surface to glass by acid or by mechanical means. Knight.

DEGLORIED De*glo"ried, a.

Defn: Deprived of glory; dishonored. [Obs.] "With thorns degloried." G. Fletcher.

DEGLUTINATE De*glu"ti*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deglutinated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deglutinating.] Etym: [L. deglutinatus, p. p. of deglutinare to deglutinate; de- + glutinare to glue, gluten glue.]

Defn: To loosen or separate by dissolving the glue which unties; to unglue.

DEGLUTINATION De*glu`ti*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act of ungluing.

DEGLUTITION Deg`lu*ti"tion, n. Etym: [L. deglutire to swallow down; de- + glutire to swallow: cf. F. déglutition. See Glut.]

Defn: The act or process of swallowing food; the power of swallowing. The muscles employed in the act of deglutition. Paley.

DEGLUTITIOUS Deg`lu*ti"tious, a.

Defn: Pertaining to deglutition. [R.]

DEGLUTITORY De*glu"ti*to*ry, a.

Defn: Serving for, or aiding in, deglutition.

DEGRADATION Deg`ra*da"tion, n. Etym: [LL. degradatio, from degradare: cf. F. dégradation. See Degrade.]

1. The act of reducing in rank, character, or reputation, or of abasing; a lowering from one's standing or rank in office or society; diminution; as, the degradation of a peer, a knight, a general, or a bishop. He saw many removes and degradations in all the other offices of which he had been possessed. Clarendon.

2. The state of being reduced in rank, character, or reputation; baseness; moral, physical, or intellectual degeneracy; disgrace; abasement; debasement. The . . . degradation of a needy man of letters. Macaulay. Deplorable is the degradation of our nature. South. Moments there frequently must be, when a sidegradation of his state. Blair.

3. Diminution or reduction of strength, efficacy, or value; degeneration; deterioration. The development and degradation of the alphabetic forms can be traced. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

4. (Geol.)

Defn: A gradual wearing down or wasting, as of rocks and banks, by the action of water, fro

5. (Biol.)

Defn: The state or condition of a species or group which exhibits degraded forms; degeneration. The degradation of the species man is observed in some of its varieties. Dana.

6. (Physiol.)

Defn: Arrest of development, or degeneration of any organ, or of the body as a whole. Degradation of energy, or Dissipation of energy (Physics), the transformation of energy into some form in which it is less available for doing work.

Syn. -- Abasement; debasement; reduction; decline.

DEGRADE De*grade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Degraded; p. pr. & vb. n. Degrading.] Etym: [F. dégrader, LL. degradare, fr. L. de- + gradus step, degree. See Grade, and cf. Degree.]

1. To reduce from a higher to a lower rank or degree; to lower in rank' to deprive of office or dignity; to strip of honors; as, to degrade a nobleman, or a general officer. Prynne was sentenced by the Star Chamber Court to be degraded from the bar. Palfrey.

2. To reduce in estimation, character, or reputation; to lessen the value of; to lower the physical, moral, or intellectual character of; to debase; to bring shame or contempt upon; to disgrace; as, vice degrades a man. O miserable mankind, to what fall Degraded, to what wretched state reserved! Milton. He pride . . . struggled hard against this degrading passion. Macaulay.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: To reduce in altitude or magnitude, as hills and mountains; to wear down.

Syn. -- To abase; demean; lower; reduce. See Abase.

DEGRADE De*grade", v. i. (Biol.)

Defn: To degenerate; to pass from a higher to a lower type of structure; as, a family of plants or animals degrades through this or that genus or group of genera.

DEGRADED De*grad"ed, a.

1. Reduced in rank, character, or reputation; debased; sunken; low; base. The Netherlands . . . were reduced practically to a very degraded condition. Motley.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Having the typical characters or organs in a partially developed condition, or lacking certain parts. Some families of plants are degraded dicotyledons. Dana.

3. Etym: [Cf. F. degré step.] (Her.)

Defn: Having steps; -- said of a cross each of whose extremities finishes in steps growing larger as they leave the center; -- termed also on degrees.

DEGRADEMENT De*grade"ment, n.

Defn: Deprivation of rank or office; degradation. [R.] Milton.

DEGRADINGLY De*grad"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a degrading manner.

DEGRAS; DEGRAS Dé`gras", Deg"ras, n. [F.; cf. F. gras, a. & n., fat.]

Defn: A semisolid emulsion produced by the treatment of certain skins with oxidized fish oil, which extracts their soluble albuminoids. It was formerly solely a by-product of chamois leather manufacture, but is now made for its own sake, being valuable as a dressing for hides.

DEGRAVATION Deg`ra*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. degravare, degravatum, to make heavy. See Grave, a.]

Defn: The act of making heavy. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEGREASE De*grease", v. t.

Defn: To remove grease or fatty matter from, as wool or silk.

DEGREE De*gree", n. Etym: [F. degré, OF. degret, fr. LL. degradare. See Degrade.]

1. A step, stair, or staircase. [Obs.] By ladders, or else by degree. Rom. of R.

2. One of a series of progressive steps upward or downward, in quality, rank, acquirement, and the like; a stage in progression; grade; gradation; as, degrees of vice and virtue; to advance by slow degrees; degree of comparison.

3. The point or step of progression to which a person has arrived; rank or station in life; position. "A dame of high degree." Dryden. "A knight is your degree." Shak. "Lord or lady of high degree." Lowell.

4. Measure of advancement; quality; extent; as, tastes differ in kind as well as in degree. The degree of excellence which proclaims genius, is different in different times and different places. Sir. J. Reynolds.

5. Grade or rank to which scholars are admitted by a college or university, in recognition of their attainments; as, the degree of bachelor of arts, master, doctor, etc.

Note: In the United States diplomas are usually given as the evidence of a degree conferred. In the humanities the first degree is that of bachelor of arts (B. A. or A. B.); the second that of master of arts (M. A. or A. M.). The degree of bachelor (of arts, science, divinity, law, etc.) is conferred upon those who complete a prescribed course of undergraduate study. The first degree in medicine is that of doctor of medicine (M. D.). The degrees of master and doctor are sometimes conferred, in course, upon those who have completed certain prescribed postgraduate studies, as doctor of philosophy (Ph. D.); but more frequently the degree of doctor is conferred as a complimentary recognition of eminent services in science or letters, or for public services or distinction (as doctor of laws (LL. D.) or doctor of divinity (D. D.), when they are called honorary degrees. The youth attained his bachelor's degree, and left the university. Macaulay.

5. (Genealogy)

Defn: A certain distance or remove in the line of descent, determining the proximity of blood; one remove in the chain of relationship; as, a relation in the third or fourth degree. In the 11th century an opinion began to gain ground in Italy, that third cousins might marry, being in the seventh degree according to the civil law. Hallam.

7. (Arith.)

Defn: Three figures taken together in numeration; thus, 140 is one degree, 222,140 two degrees.

8. (Algebra)

Defn: State as indicated by sum of exponents; more particularly, the degree of a term is indicated by the sum of the exponents of its literal factors; thus, a2b2c is a term of the sixth degree. The degree of a power, or radical, is denoted by its index, that of an equation by the greatest sum of the exponents of the unknown quantities in any term; thus, ax4 + bx2 = c, and mx2y2 + nyx = p, are both equations of the fourth degree.

9. (Trig.)

Defn: A 360th part of the circumference of a circle, which part is taken as the principal unit of measure for arcs and angles. The degree is divided into 60 minutes and the minute into 60 seconds.

10. A division, space, or interval, marked on a mathematical or other instrument, as on a thermometer.

11. (Mus.)

Defn: A line or space of the staff.

Note: The short lines and their spaces are added degrees. Accumulation of degrees. (Eng. Univ.) See under Accumulation. -- By degrees, step by step; by little and little; by moderate advances. "I 'll leave by degrees." Shak. -- Degree of a curve or surface (Geom.), the number which expresses the degree of the equation of the curve or surface in rectilinear coördinates. A straight line will, in general, meet the curve or surface in a number of points equal to the degree of the curve or surface and no more. -- Degree of latitude (Geog.), on the earth, the distance on a meridian between two parallels of latitude whose latitudes differ from each other by one degree. This distance is not the same on different parts of a meridian, on account of the flattened figure of the earth, being 68.702 statute miles at the equator, and 69.396 at the poles. -- Degree of longitude, the distance on a parallel of latitude between two meridians that make an angle of one degree with each other at the poles -- a distance which varies as the cosine of the latitude, being at the equator 69.16 statute miles. -- To a degree, to an extreme; exceedingly; as, mendacious to a degree. It has been said that Scotsmen . . . are . . . grave to a degree on occasions when races more favored by nature are gladsome to excess. Prof. Wilson.

DEGU De"gu, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South American rodent (Octodon Cumingii), of the family Octodontidæ.

DEGUM De*gum", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Degummed; p. pr. & vb. n. Degumming.]

Defn: To deprive of, or free from, gum; as, to degum ramie.

DEGUST De*gust", v. t. Etym: [L. degustare: cf. F. déguster. See Gust to taste.]

Defn: To taste. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEGUSTATION Deg`us*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. degustatio: cf. F. dégustation.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Tasting; the appreciation of sapid qualities by the taste organs. Bp. Hall.

DEHISCE De*hisce", v. i. Etym: [L. dehiscere; de- + hiscere to gape.]

Defn: To gape; to open by dehiscence.

DEHISCENCE De*his"cence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déhiscence.]

1. The act of gaping.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: A gaping or bursting open along a definite line of attachment or suture, without tearing, as in the opening of pods, or the bursting of capsules at maturity so as to emit seeds, etc.; also, the bursting open of follicles, as in the ovaries of animals, for the expulsion of their contents.

DEHISCENT De*his"cent, a. Etym: [L. dehiscens, -entis, p. pr. Cf. F. déhiscent.]

Defn: Characterized by dehiscence; opening in some definite way, as the capsule of a plant.

DEHONESTATE De`ho*nes"tate, v. t. Etym: [L. dehonestatus, p. p. of dehonestare to dishonor; de- + honestare to make honorable. Cf. Dishonest, and see Honest.]

Defn: To disparage. [Obs.]

DEHONESTATION De*hon`es*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. dehonestatio.]

Defn: A dishonoring; disgracing. [Obs.] Gauden.

DEHORN De*horn", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dehorned; p. pr. & vb. n. Dehorning.]

Defn: To deprive of horns; to prevent the growth or the horns of (cattle) by burning their ends soon after they start. See Dishorn. "Dehorning cattle." Farm Journal (1886).

DEHORS De*hors", prep. Etym: [F., outside.] (Law)

Defn: Out of; without; foreign to; out of the agreement, record, will, or other instrument.

DEHORS De*hors", n. (Mil.)

Defn: All sorts of outworks in general, at a distance from the main works; any advanced works for protection or cover. Farrow.

DEHORT De*hort", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dehorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dehorting.] Etym: [L. dehortari; de- + hortari to urge, exhort.]

Defn: To urge to abstain or refrain; to dissuade. [Obs.] The apostles vehemently dehort us from unbelief. Bp. Ward. "Exhort" remains, but dehort, a word whose place neither "dissuade" nor any other exactly supplies, has escaped us. Trench.

DEHORTATION De`hor*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. dehortatio.]

Defn: Dissuasion; advice against something. [R.]

DEHORTATIVE De*hort"a*tive, a.

Defn: Dissuasive. [R.]

DEHORTATORY De*hort"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. dehortatorius.]

Defn: Fitted or designed to dehort or dissuade. Bp. Hall.

DEHORTER De*hort"er, n.

Defn: A dissuader; an adviser to the contrary. [Obs.]

DEHUMANIZE De*hu"man*ize, v. t.

Defn: To divest of human qualities, such as pity, tenderness, etc.; as, dehumanizing influences.

DEHUSK De*husk", v. t.

Defn: To remove the husk from. [Obs.] "Wheat dehusked upon the floor." Drant.

DEHYDRATE De*hy"drate, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deprive of water; to render free from water; as, to dehydrate alcohol.

DEHYDRATION De`hy*dra"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of freeing from water; also, the condition of a body from which the water has been removed.

DEHYDROGENATE De*hy"dro*gen*ate, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deprive of, or free from, hydrogen.

DEHYDROGENATION De*hy`dro*gen*a"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process or freeing from hydrogen; also, the condition resulting from the removal of hydrogen.

DEICIDE De"i*cide, n. Etym: [L. deicida a deicide (in sense 2); deus god + cædere to cut, kill: cf. F. déicide.]

1. The act of killing a being of a divine nature; particularly, the putting to death of Jesus Christ. [R.] Earth profaned, yet blessed, with deicide. Prior.

2. One concerned in putting Christ to death.

DEICTIC Deic"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Logic)

Defn: Direct; proving directly; -- applied to reasoning, and opposed to elenchtic or refutative.

DEICTICALLY Deic"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to show or point out; directly; absolutely; definitely. When Christ spake it deictically. Hammond.

DEIFIC; DEIFICAL De*if"ic, De*if"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. deificus; deus god + facere to make: cf. F. déifigue.]

Defn: Making divine; producing a likeness to God; god-making. "A deifical communion." Homilies.

DEIFICATION De`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [LL. deificare to deify: cf. F. déification. See Deify.]

Defn: The act of deifying; exaltation to divine honors; apotheosis; excessive praise.

DEIFIED De"i*fied, a.

Defn: Honored or worshiped as a deity; treated with supreme regard; godlike.

DEIFIER De"i*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who deifies.

DEIFORM De"i*form, a. Etym: [L. deus a god + -form.]

1. Godlike, or of a godlike form. Dr. H. More.

2. Conformable to the will of God. [R.] Bp. Burnet.

DEIFORMITY De`i*for"mi*ty, n.

Defn: Likeness to deity. [Obs.]

DEIFY De"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deified; p. pr. & vb. n. Deifying.] Etym: [F. déifier, LL. deificare, fr. L. deificus. See Deific, Deity, -fy.]

1. To make a god of; to exalt to the rank of a deity; to enroll among the deities; to apotheosize; as, Julius Cæsar was deified.

2. To praise or revere as a deity; to treat as an object of supreme regard; as, to deify money. He did again to extol and deify the pope. Bacon.

3. To render godlike. By our own spirits are we deified. Wordsworth.

DEIGN Deign, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deigned; p. pr. & vb. n. Deigning.] Etym: [OE. deinen, deignen, OF. degner, deigner, daigner, F. daigner, fr. L. dignari to deem worthy, deign, fr. dignus worthy; akin to decere to be fitting. See Decent, and cf. Dainty, Dignity, Condign, Disdain.]

1. To esteem worthy; to consider worth notice; -- opposed to disdain. [Obs.] I fear my Julia would not deign my lines. Shak.

2. To condescend to give or bestow; to stoop to furnish; to vouchsafe; to allow; to grant. Nor would we deign him burial of his men. Shak.

DEIGN Deign, v. i.

Defn: To think worthy; to vouchsafe; to condescend; -- followed by an infinitive. O deign to visit our forsaken seats. Pope. Yet not Lord Cranstone deigned she greet. Sir W. Scott. Round turned he, as not deigning Those craven ranks to see. Macaulay.

Note: In early English deign was often used impersonally. Him deyneth not to set his foot to ground. Chaucer.

DEIGNOUS Deign"ous, a. Etym: [For disdeignous, OF. desdeignos, desdaigneus, F. dédaigneux. See Disdain.]

Defn: Haughty; disdainful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEIL Deil, n.

Defn: Devil; -- spelt also deel. [Scot.] Deil's buckie. See under Buckie.

DEINOCERAS Dei*noc"e*ras, n. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: See Dinoceras.

DEINORNIS Dei*nor"nis, n. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: See Dinornis.

DEINOSAUR Dei"no*saur, n. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: See Dinosaur.

DEINOTHERIUM Dei`no*the"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL.] (Paleon.)

Defn: See Dinotherium.

DEINTEGRATE De*in"te*grate, v. t. Etym: [L. deintegrare to impair; de- + integrare to make whole.]

Defn: To disintegrate. [Obs.]

DEINTEOUS; DEINTEVOUS Dein"te*ous, Dein"te*vous, a.

Defn: Rare; excellent; costly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEIPAROUS De*ip"a*rous, a. Etym: [L. deus a god + parere to bring forth.]

Defn: Bearing or bringing forth a god; -- said of the Virgin Mary. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEIPNOSOPHIST Deip*nos"o*phist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One of an ancient sect of philosophers, who cultivated learned conversation at meals.

DEIS De"is, n.

Defn: See Dais.

DEISM De"ism, n. Etym: [L. deus god: cf. F. déisme. See Deity.]

Defn: The doctrine or creed of a deist; the belief or system of those who acknowledge the existence of one God, but deny revelation.

Note: Deism is the belief in natural religion only, or those truths, in doctrine and practice, which man is to discover by the light of reason, independent of any revelation from God. Hence, deism implies infidelity, or a disbelief in the divine origin of the Scriptures.

DEIST De"ist, n. Etym: [L. deus god: cf. F. déiste. See Deity.]

Defn: One who believes in the existence of a God, but denies revealed religion; a freethinker.

Note: A deist, as denying a revelation, is opposed to a Christian; as, opposed to the denier of a God, whether atheist or patheist, a deist is generally denominated theist. Latham.

Syn. -- See Infidel.

DEISTIC; DEISTICAL De*is"tic, De*is"tic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, savoring of, or consisting in, deism; as, a deistic writer; a deistical book. The deistical or antichristian scheme. I. Watts.

DEISTICALLY De*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: After the manner of deists.

DEISTICALNESS De*is"tic*al*ness, n.

Defn: State of being deistical.

DEITATE De"i*tate, a.

Defn: Deified. [Obs.] Granmer.

DEITY De"i*ty, n.; pl. Deities. Etym: [OE. deite, F. déité, fr. L. deitas, fr. deus a god; akin to divus divine, Jupiter, gen. Jovis, Jupiter, dies day, Gr. d divine, as a noun, god, daiva divine, dy sky, day, hence, the sky personified as a god, and to the first syllable of E. Tuesday, Gael. & Ir. dia God, W. duw. Cf. Divine, Journey, Journal, Tuesday.]

1. The collection of attributes which make up the nature of a god; divinity; godhead; as, the deity of the Supreme Being is seen in his works. They declared with emphasis the perfect deity and the perfect manhood of Christ. Milman.

2. A god or goddess; a heathen god. To worship calves, the deities Of Egypt. Milton. The Deity, God, the Supreme Being. This great poet and philosopher [Simonides], the more he contemplated the nature of the Deity, found that he waded but the more out of his depth. Addison.

DEJECT De*ject", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dejected; p. pr. & vb. n. Dejecting.] Etym: [L. dejectus, p. p. of dejicere to throw down; de- + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.]

1. To cast down. [Obs. or Archaic] Christ dejected himself even unto the hells. Udall. Sometimes she dejects her eyes in a seeming civility; and many mistake in her a cunning for a modest look. Fuller.

2. To cast down the spirits of; to dispirit; to discourage; to dishearten. Nor think, to die dejects my lofty mind. Pope.

DEJECT De*ject", a. Etym: [L. dejectus, p. p.]

Defn: Dejected. [Obs.]

DEJECTA De*jec"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., neut. pl. from L. dejectus, p. p.]

Defn: Excrements; as, the dejecta of the sick.

DEJECTED De*ject"ed, a.

Defn: Cast down; afflicted; low-spirited; sad; as, a dejected look or countenance. -- De*ject"ed*ly, adv. -- De*ject"ed*ness, n.

DEJECTER De*ject"er, n.

Defn: One who casts down, or dejects.

DEJECTION De*jec"tion, n. Etym: [L. dejectio a casting down: cf. F. déjection.]

1. A casting down; depression. [Obs. or Archaic] Hallywell.

2. The act of humbling or abasing one's self. Adoration implies submission and dejection. Bp. Pearson.

3. Lowness of spirits occasioned by grief or misfortune; mental depression; melancholy. What besides, Of sorrow, and dejection, and despair, Our frailty can sustain, thy tidings bring. Milton.

4. A low condition; weakness; inability. [R.] A dejection of appetite. Arbuthnot.

5. (Physiol.) (a) The discharge of excrement. (b) Fæces; excrement. Ray.

DEJECTLY De*ject"ly, adv.

Defn: Dejectedly. [Obs.]

DEJECTORY De*jec"to*ry, a. Etym: [L. dejector a dejecter.]

1. Having power, or tending, to cast down.

2. Promoting evacuations by stool. Ferrand.

DEJECTURE De*jec"ture, n.

Defn: That which is voided; excrements. Arbuthnot.

DEJERATE Dej"er*ate, v. i. Etym: [L. dejeratus, p. p. of dejerare to swear; de- + jurare to swear.]

Defn: To swear solemnly; to take an oath. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEJERATION Dej`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. dejeratio.]

Defn: The act of swearing solemnly. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DEJEUNE Dé`jeu`né", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A déjeuner. Take a déjeuné of muskadel and eggs. B. Jonson.

DEJEUNER Dé`jeu`ner", n. Etym: [F. déjeuner breakfast, as a verb, to breakfast. Cf. Dinner.]

Defn: A breakfast; sometimes, also, a lunch or collation.

DE JURE De` ju"re. Etym: [L.]

Defn: By right; of right; by law; -- often opposed to be facto.

DEKA- Dek"a-. (Metric System)

Defn: A prefix signifying ten. See Deca-.

DEKABRIST Dek"a*brist, n.

Defn: A Decembrist.

DEKAGRAM Dek"a*gram, n.

Defn: Same as Decagram.

DEKALITER Dek"a*li`ter, n.

Defn: Same as Decaliter.

DEKAMETER Dek"a*me`ter, n.

Defn: Same as Decameter.

DEKASTERE Dek"a*stere`, n.

Defn: Same as Decastere.

DEKLE De"kle, n. (Paper Making)

Defn: See Deckle.

DEL Del, n. Etym: [See Deal, n.]

Defn: Share; portion; part. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DELACERATION De*lac`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. delacerare, delaceratum, to tear in pieces. See Lacerate.]

Defn: A tearing in pieces. [Obs.] Bailey.

DELACRYMATION De*lac`ry*ma"tion, n. Etym: [L. delacrimatio, fr. delacrimare to weep. See Lachrymation.]

Defn: An involuntary discharge of watery humors from the eyes; wateriness of the eyes. [Obs.] Bailey.

DELACTATION De`lac*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. de- + L. lactare to suck milk, from lac milk.]

Defn: The act of weaning. [Obs.] Bailey.

DELAINE De*laine", n. Etym: [See Muslin delaine, under Muslin.]

Defn: A kind of fabric for women's dresses.

DELAMINATION De*lam`i*na"tion, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Formation and separation of laminæ or layers; one of the methods by which the various blastodermic layers of the ovum are differentiated.

Note: This process consists of a concentric splitting of the cells of the blastosphere into an outer layer (epiblast) and an inner layer (hypoblast). By the perforation of the resultant two-walled vesicle, a gastrula results similar to that formed by the process of invagination.

DELAPSATION De`lap*sa"tion, n.

Defn: See Delapsion. Ray.

DELAPSE De*lapse", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Delapsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Delapsing.] Etym: [L. delapsus, p. p. of delabi to fall down; de- + labi to fall or side.]

Defn: To pass down by inheritance; to lapse. [Obs.] Which Anne derived alone the right, before all other, Of the delapsed crown from Philip. Drayton.

DELAPSION De*lap"sion, n.

Defn: A falling down, or out of place; prolapsion.

DELASSATION De`las*sa"tion, n. Etym: [L. delassare, delassatum, to tire out; de- + lassare to tire.]

Defn: Fatigue. Able to continue without delassation. Ray.

DELATE De*late", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delated; p. pr. & vb. n. Delating.] Etym: [L. delatus, used as p. p. of deferre. See Tolerate, and cf. 3d Defer, Delay, v.] [Obs. or Archaic]

1. To carry; to convey. Try exactly the time wherein sound is delated. Bacon.

2. To carry abroad; to spread; to make public. When the crime is delated or notorious. Jer. Taylor.

3. To carry or bring against, as a charge; to inform against; to accuse; to denounce. As men were delated, they were marked down for such a fine. Bp. Burnet.

4. To carry on; to conduct. Warner.

DELATE De*late", v. i.

Defn: To dilate. [Obs.] Goodwin.

DELATION De*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. delatio accusation: cf. F. délation.]

1. Conveyance. [Obs. or Archaic] In delation of sounds, the inclosure of them preserveth them. Bacon.

2. (Law)

Defn: Accusation by an informer. Milman.

DELATOR De*la"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: An accuser; an informer. [R.] Howell.

DELAWARE Del"a*ware, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An American grape, with compact bunches of small, amber-colored berries, sweet and of a good flavor.

DELAWARES Del"a*wares, n. pl.; sing. Delaware. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the valley of the Delaware River, but now mostly located in the Indian Territory.

DELAY De*lay", n.; pl. Delays. Etym: [F. délai, fr. OF. deleer to delay, or fr. L. dilatum, which, though really from a different root, is used in Latin only as a p. p. neut. of differre to carry apart, defer, delay. See Tolerate, and cf. Differ, Delay, v.]

Defn: A putting off or deferring; procrastination; lingering inactivity; stop; detention; hindrance. Without any delay, on the morrow I sat on the judgment seat. Acts xxv. 17. The government ought to be settled without the delay of a day. Macaulay.

DELAY De*lay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Delaying.] Etym: [OF. deleer, delaier, fr. the noun délai, or directly fr. L. dilatare to enlarge, dilate, in LL., to put off. See Delay, n., and cf. Delate, 1st Defer, Dilate.]

1. To put off; to defer; to procrastinate; to prolong the time of or before. My lord delayeth his coming. Matt. xxiv. 48.

2. To retard; to stop, detain, or hinder, for a time; to retard the motion, or time of arrival, of; as, the mail is delayed by a heavy fall of snow. Thyrsis! whose artful strains have oft delayed The huddling brook to hear his madrigal. Milton.

3. To allay; to temper. [Obs.] The watery showers delay the raging wind. Surrey.

DELAY De*lay", v. i.

Defn: To move slowly; to stop for a time; to linger; to tarry. There seem to be certain bounds to the quickness and slowness of the succession of those ideas, . . . beyond which they can neither delay nor hasten. Locke.

DELAYER De*lay"er, n.

Defn: One who delays; one who lingers.

DELAYINGLY De*lay"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By delays. [R.] Tennyson.

DELAYMENT De*lay"ment, n.

Defn: Hindrance. [Obs.] Gower.

DEL CREDERE Del` cred"er*e. Etym: [It., of belief or trust.] (Mercantile Law)

Defn: An agreement by which an agent or factor, in consideration of an additional premium or commission (called a del credere commission), engages, when he sells goods on credit, to insure, warrant, or guarantee to his principal the solvency of the purchaser, the engagement of the factor being to pay the debt himself if it is not punctually discharged by the buyer when it becomes due.

DELE De"le, imperative sing. of L. delere to destroy. Etym: [Cf. Delete.] (Print.)

Defn: Erase; remove; -- a direction to cancel something which has been put in type; usually expressed by a peculiar form of d, thus: .

DELE De"le, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deled; p. pr. & vb. n. Deleing.] Etym: [From the preceding word.] (Print.)

Defn: To erase; to cancel; to delete; to mark for omission.

DELE Dele, v. t. Etym: [See Deal.]

Defn: To deal; to divide; to distribute. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DELEBLE Del"e*ble, a. Etym: [L. delebilis. See 1st Dele.]

Defn: Capable of being blotted out or erased. "An impression easily deleble." Fuller.

DELECTABLE De*lec"ta*ble, a. Etym: [OF. delitable, OF. delitable, F. délectable, fr. L. delectabilis, fr. delectare to delight. See Delight.]

Defn: Highly pleasing; delightful. Delectable both to behold and taste. Milton. -- De*lec"ta*ble*ness, n. -- De*lec"ta*bly, adv.

DELECTATE De*lec"tate, v. t. Etym: [L. delectatus, p. p. of delectare. See Delight.]

Defn: To delight; to charm. [R.]

DELECTATION De`lec*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. delectatio: cf. F. délectation.]

Defn: Great pleasure; delight.

DELECTUS De*lec"tus, n. Etym: [L., selection, from deligere, delectum, to select.]

Defn: A name given to an elementary book for learners of Latin or Greek. G. Eliot.

DELEGACY Del`e*ga*cy, n. Etym: [From Delegate, a.]

1. The act of delegating, or state of being delegated; deputed power. [Obs.] By way of delegacy or grand commission. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. A body of delegates or commissioners; a delegation. [Obs.] Burton.

DELEGATE Del"e*gate, n. Etym: [L. delegatus, p. p. of delegare to send, delegate; de- + legare to send with a commission, to depute. See Legate.]

1. Any one sent and empowered to act for another; one deputed to represent; a chosen deputy; a representative; a commissioner; a vicar.

2. (a) One elected by the people of a territory to represent them in Congress, where he has the right of debating, but not of voting. (b) One sent by any constituency to act as its representative in a convention; as, a delegate to a convention for nominating officers, or for forming or altering a constitution. [U.S.] Court of delegates, formerly, the great court of appeal from the archbishops' courts and also from the court of admiralty. It is now abolished, and the privy council is the immediate court of appeal in such cases. [Eng.]

DELEGATE Del"e*gate, a. Etym: [L. delegatus, p. p.]

Defn: Sent to act for a represent another; deputed; as, a delegate judge. "Delegate power." Strype.

DELEGATE Del"e*gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delegated; p. pr. & vb. n. Delegating.]

1. To send as one's representative; to empower as an ambassador; to send with power to transact business; to commission; to depute; to authorize.

2. To intrust to the care or management of another; to transfer; to assign; to commit. The delegated administration of the law. Locke. Delegated executive power. Bancroft. The power exercised by the legislature is the people's power, delegated by the people to the legislative. J. B. Finch.

DELEGATION Del`e*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. delegatio: cf. F. délégation.]

1. The act of delegating, or investing with authority to act for another; the appointment of a delegate or delegates.

2. One or more persons appointed or chosen, and commissioned to represent others, as in a convention, in Congress, etc.; the collective body of delegates; as, the delegation from Massachusetts; a deputation.

3. (Rom. Law)

Defn: A kind of novation by which a debtor, to be liberated from his creditor, gives him a third person, who becomes obliged in his stead to the creditor, or to the person appointed by him. Pothier.

DELEGATORY Del"e*ga*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. delegatorius pert. to an assignment.]

Defn: Holding a delegated position. Nash.

DELENDA De*len"da, n. pl. Etym: [L., fr. delere to destroy.]

Defn: Things to be erased or blotted out.

DELENIFICAL Del`e*nif"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. delenificus; delenire to soothe + facere to make. See Lenient.]

Defn: Assuaging pain. [Obs.] Bailey.

DELETE De*lete", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deleted; p. pr. & vb. n. Deleting.] Etym: [L. deletus, p. p. of delere to destroy. Cf. 1st Dele.]

Defn: To blot out; to erase; to expunge; to dele; to omit. I have, therefore, . . . inserted eleven stanzas which do not appear in Sir Walter Scott's version, and have deleted eight. Aytoun.

DELETERIOUS Del`e*te"ri*ous, a. Etym: [LL. deleterius noxious, Gr. delere to destroy.]

Defn: Hurtful; noxious; destructive; pernicious; as, a deleterious plant or quality; a deleterious example. -- Del`e*te"ri*ous*ly, adv. -- Del`e*te"ri*ous*ness, n.

DELETERY Del"e*ter*y, a. Etym: [LL. deleterius: cf. F. délétère.]

Defn: Destructive; poisonous. [Obs.] "Deletery medicines." Hudibras.

DELETERY Del"e*ter*y, n.

Defn: That which destroys. [Obs.] They [the Scriptures] are the only deletery of heresies. Jer. Taylor.

DELETION De*le"tion, n. Etym: [L. deletio, fr. delere. See Delete.]

Defn: Act of deleting, blotting out, or erasing; destruction. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. A total deletion of every person of the opposing party. Sir M. Hale.

DELETITIOUS Del`e*ti"tious, a. Etym: [L. deleticius.]

Defn: Of such a nature that anything may be erased from it; -- said of paper.

DELETIVE Del"e*tive, a.

Defn: Adapted to destroy or obliterate. [R.] Evelyn.

DELETORY Del"e*to*ry, n. Etym: [See Delete.]

Defn: That which blots out. [Obs.] "A deletory of sin." Jer. Taylor.

DELF Delf, n. Etym: [AS. delf a delving, digging. See Delve.]

Defn: A mine; a quarry; a pit dug; a ditch. [Written also delft, and delve.] [Obs.] The delfts would be so flown with waters, that no gins or machines could . . . keep them dry. Ray.

DELF Delf, n.

Defn: Same as Delftware.

DELFT Delft, n.

Defn: Same as Delftware.

DELFTWARE Delft"ware`, n. (a) Pottery made at the city of Delft in Holland; hence: (b) Earthenware made in imitation of the above; any glazed earthenware made for table use, and the like.

DELIBATE Del"i*bate, v. t. Etym: [L. delibatus, p. p. of delibare to taste; de- + libare to taste.]

Defn: To taste; to take a sip of; to dabble in. [Obs.]

DELIBATION Del`i*ba"tion, n. Etym: [L. delibatio: cf. F. délibation.]

Defn: Act of tasting; a slight trial. [Obs.] Berkeley.

DELIBER Del"i*ber, v. t. & i.

Defn: To deliberate. [Obs.]

DELIBERATE De*lib"er*ate, a. Etym: [L. deliberatus, p. p. of deliberare to deliberate; de- + librare to weigh. See Librate.]

1. Weighing facts and arguments with a view a choice or decision; carefully considering the probable consequences of a step; circumspect; slow in determining; -- applied to persons; as, a deliberate judge or counselor. "These deliberate fools." Shak.

2. Formed with deliberation; well-advised; carefully considered; not sudden or rash; as, a deliberate opinion; a deliberate measure or result. Settled visage and deliberate word. Shak.

3. Not hasty or sudden; slow. Hooker. His enunciation was so deliberate. W. Wirt.

DELIBERATE De*lib"er*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deliberated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deliberating.]

Defn: To weigh in the mind; to consider the reasons for and against; to consider maturely; to reflect upon; to ponder; as, to deliberate a question.

DELIBERATE De*lib"er*ate, v. i.

Defn: To take counsel with one's self; to weigh the arguments for and against a proposed course of action; to reflect; to consider; to hesitate in deciding; -- sometimes with on, upon, concerning. The woman the deliberation is lost. Addison.

DELIBERATELY De*lib"er*ate*ly, adv.

Defn: With careful consideration, or deliberation; circumspectly; warily; not hastily or rashly; slowly; as, a purpose deliberately formed.

DELIBERATENESS De*lib"er*ate*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being deliberate; calm consideration; circumspection.

DELIBERATION De*lib`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. deliberatio: cf. F. délibération.]

1. The act of deliberating, or of weighing and examining the reasons for and against a choice or measure; careful consideration; mature reflection. Choosing the fairest way with a calm deliberation. W. Montagu.

2. Careful discussion and examination of the reasons for and against a measure; as, the deliberations of a legislative body or council.

DELIBERATIVE De*lib"er*a*tive, a. Etym: [L. deliberativus: cf. F. délibératif.]

Defn: Pertaining to deliberation; proceeding or acting by deliberation, or by discussion and examination; deliberating; as, a deliberative body. A consummate work of deliberative wisdom. Bancroft. The court of jurisdiction is to be distinguished from the deliberative body, the advisers of the crown. Hallam.

DELIBERATIVE De*lib"er*a*tive, n.

1. A discourse in which a question is discussed, or weighed and examined. Bacon.

2. A kind of rhetoric employed in proving a thing and convincing others of its truth, in order to persuade them to adopt it.

DELIBERATIVELY De*lib"er*a*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a deliberative manner; circumspectly; considerately.

DELIBERATOR De*lib"er*a`tor, n.

Defn: One who deliberates.

DELIBRATE Del"i*brate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delibrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Delibrating.] Etym: [L. delibratus, p. p. of delibrare to delibrate; de from + liber bark.]

Defn: To strip off the bark; to peel. [Obs.] Ash.

DELIBRATION Del`i*bra"tion, n.

Defn: The act of stripping off the bark. [Obs.] Ash.

DELICACY Del"i*ca*cy, n.; pl. Delicacies. Etym: [From Delicate, a.]

1. The state or condition of being delicate; agreeableness to the senses; delightfulness; as, delicacy of flavor, of odor, and the like. What choice to choose for delicacy best. Milton.

2. Nicety or fineness of form, texture, or constitution; softness; elegance; smoothness; tenderness; and hence, frailty or weakness; as, the delicacy of a fiber or a thread; delicacy of a hand or of the human form; delicacy of the skin; delicacy of frame.

3. Nice propriety of manners or conduct; susceptibility or tenderness of feeling; refinement; fastidiousness; and hence, in an exaggerated sense, effeminacy; as, great delicacy of behavior; delicacy in doing a kindness; delicacy of character that unfits for earnest action. You know your mother's delicacy in this point. Cowper.

4. Addiction to pleasure; luxury; daintiness; indulgence; luxurious or voluptuous treatment. And to those dainty limbs which Nature lent For gentle usage and soft delicacy Milton.

5. Nice and refined perception and discrimination; critical niceness; fastidious accuracy. That Augustan delicacy of taste which is the boast of the great public schools of England. Macaulay.

6. The state of being affected by slight causes; sensitiveness; as, the delicacy of a chemist's balance.

7. That which is alluring, delicate, or refined; a luxury or pleasure; something pleasant to the senses, especially to the sense of taste; a dainty; as, delicacies of the table. The merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies. Rev. xviii. 3.

8. Pleasure; gratification; delight. [Obs.] He Rome brent for his delicacie. Chaucer.

Syn. -- See Dainty.

DELICATE Del"i*cate, a. Etym: [L. delicatus pleasing the senses, voluptuous, soft and tender; akin to deliciae delight: cf. F. délicat. See Delight.]

1. Addicted to pleasure; luxurious; voluptuous; alluring. [R.] Dives, for his delicate life, to the devil went. Piers Plowman. Haarlem is a very delicate town. Evelyn.

2. Pleasing to the senses; refinedly; hence, adapted to please a nice or cultivated taste; nice; fine; elegant; as, a delicate dish; delicate flavor.

3. Slight and shapely; lovely; graceful; as, "a delicate creature." Shak.

4. Fine or slender; minute; not coarse; -- said of a thread, or the like; as, delicate cotton.

5. Slight or smooth; light and yielding; -- said of texture; as, delicate lace or silk.

6. Soft and fair; -- said of the skin or a surface; as, a delicate cheek; a delicate complexion.

7. Light, or softly tinted; -- said of a color; as; as, a delicate blue.

8. Refined; gentle; scrupulous not to trespass or offend; considerate; -- said of manners, conduct, or feelings; as, delicate behavior; delicate attentions; delicate thoughtfulness.

9. Tender; not able to endure hardship; feeble; frail; effeminate; -- said of constitution, health, etc.; as, a delicate child; delicate health. A delicate and tender prince. Shak.

10. Requiring careful handling; not to be rudely or hastily dealt with; nice; critical; as, a delicate subject or question. There are some things too delicate and too sacred to be handled rudely without injury to truth. F. W. Robertson.

11. Of exacting tastes and habits; dainty; fastidious.

12. Nicely discriminating or perceptive; refinedly critical; sensitive; exquisite; as, a delicate taste; a delicate ear for music.

13. Affected by slight causes; showing slight changes; as, a delicate thermometer.

DELICATE Del"i*cate, n.

1. A choice dainty; a delicacy. [R.] With abstinence all delicates he sees. Dryden.

2. A delicate, luxurious, or effeminate person. All the vessels, then, which our delicates have, -- those I mean that would seem to be more fine in their houses than their neighbors, -- are only of the Corinth metal. Holland.

DELICATELY Del"i*cate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a delicate manner.

DELICATENESS Del"i*cate*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being delicate.

DELICATESSEN Del`i*ca*tes"sen, n. pl. [G., fr. F. délicatesse.]

Defn: Relishes for the table; dainties; delicacies. "A dealer in delicatessen". G. H. Putnam.

DELICES Del"i*ces, n. pl. Etym: [F. délices, fr. L. deliciae.]

Defn: Delicacies; delights. [Obs.] "Dainty delices." Spenser.

DELICIATE De*li"ci*ate, v. t.

Defn: To delight one's self; to indulge in feasting; to revel. [Obs.]

DELICIOUS De*li"cious, a. Etym: [OF. delicieus, F. délicieux, L. deliciosus, fr. deliciae delight, fr. delicere to allure. See Delight.]

1. Affording exquisite pleasure; delightful; most sweet or grateful to the senses, especially to the taste; charming. Some delicious landscape. Coleridge. One draught of spring's delicious air. Keble. Were not his words delicious Tennyson.

2. Addicted to pleasure; seeking enjoyment; luxurious; effeminate. [Obs.] Others, lastly, of a more delicious and airy spirit, retire themselves to the enjoyments of ease and luxury. Milton.

Syn. -- Delicious, Delightful. Delicious refers to the pleasure derived from certain of the senses, particularly the taste and smell; as, delicious food; a delicious fragrance. Delightful may also refer to most of the senses (as, delightful music; a delightful prospect; delightful sensations), but has a higher application to matters of taste, feeling, and sentiment; as, a delightful abode, conversation, employment; delightful scenes, etc. Like the rich fruit he sings, delicious in decay. Smith. No spring, nor summer, on the mountain seen, Smiles with gay fruits or with delightful green. Addison.

DELICIOUSLY De*li"cious*ly, adv.

Defn: Delightfully; as, to feed deliciously; to be deliciously entertained.

DELICIOUSNESS De*li"cious*ness, n.

1. The quality of being delicious; as, the deliciousness of a repast.

2. Luxury. "To drive away all superfluity and deliciousness." Sir T. North.

DELICT De*lict", n. Etym: [L. delictum fault.] (Law)

Defn: An offense or transgression against law; (Scots Law) an offense of a lesser degree; a misdemeanor. Every regulation of the civil code necessarily implies a delict in the event of its violation. Jeffrey.

DELIGATE Del"i*gate, v. t. Etym: [L. deligatus, p. p. of deligare to bind up; de- + ligare to bind.] (Surg.)

Defn: To bind up; to bandage.

DELIGATION Del`i*ga"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déligation.] (Surg.)

Defn: A binding up; a bandaging. Wiseman.

DELIGHT De*light", n. Etym: [OE. delit, OF. delit, deleit, fr. delitier, to delight. See Delight, v. t.]

1. A high degree of gratification of mind; a high-wrought state of pleasurable feeling; lively pleasure; extreme satisfaction; joy. Sounds and sweet airs, that give delight and hurt not. Shak. A fool hath no delight in understanding. Prov. xviii. 2.

2. That which gives great pleasure or delight. Heaven's last, best gift, my ever new delight. Milton.

3. Licentious pleasure; lust. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DELIGHT De*light", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Delighting.] Etym: [OE. deliten, OF. delitier, deleitier, F. délecter, fr. L. delectare to entice away, to delight (sc. by attracting or alluring), intens. of delicere to allure, delight; de- + lacere to entice, allure; cf. laqueus a snare. Cf. Delectate, Delicate, Delicious, Dilettante, Elicit, Lace.]

Defn: To give delight to; to affect with great pleasure; to please highly; as, a beautiful landscape delights the eye; harmony delights the ear. Inventions to delight the taste. Shak. Delight our souls with talk of knightly deeds. Tennyson.

DELIGHT De*light", v. i.

Defn: To have or take great delight or pleasure; to be greatly pleased or rejoiced; -- followed by an infinitive, or by in. Love delights in praises. Shak. I delight to do thy will, O my God. Ps. xl. 8.

DELIGHTABLE De*light"a*ble, a. Etym: [See Delectable.]

Defn: Capable of delighting; delightful. [Obs.] Many a spice delightable. Rom. of R.

DELIGHTED De*light"ed, a.

Defn: Endowed with delight. If virtue no delighted beauty lack. Shak.

Syn. -- Glad; pleased; gratified. See Glad.

DELIGHTEDLY De*light"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: With delight; gladly.

DELIGHTER De*light"er, n.

Defn: One who gives or takes delight.

DELIGHTFUL De*light"ful, a.

Defn: Highly pleasing; affording great pleasure and satisfaction. "Delightful bowers." Spenser. "Delightful fruit." Milton.

Syn. -- Delicious; charming. See Delicious. -- De*light"ful*ly, adv. -- De*light"ful*ness, n.

DELIGHTING De*light"ing, a.

Defn: Giving delight; gladdening. -- De*light"ing*ly, adv. Jer. Taylor.

DELIGHTLESS De*light"less, a.

Defn: Void of delight. Thomson.

DELIGHTOUS De*light"ous a. Etym: [OF. delitos.]

Defn: Delightful. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

DELIGHTSOME De*light"some, a.

Defn: Very pleasing; delightful. "Delightsome vigor." Grew. Ye shall be a delightsome land, . . . saith the Lord. Mal. iii. 12. -- De*light"some*ly, adv. -- De*light"some*ness, n.

DELIGNATE De*lig"nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delignated; p. pr. & vb. n. Delignating.] [Pref. de- + L. lignum wood.]

1.

Defn: To clear or strip of wood (by cutting down trees). [R.] Fuller.

2. To strip or remove the wood from; as, to delignate ramie, in the preparation of ribbons of the fiber for further working.

DELILAH De*li"lah, n.

Defn: The mistress of Samson, who betrayed him (Judges xvi.); hence, a harlot; a temptress. Other Delilahs on a smaller scale Burns met with during his Dumfries sojourn. J. C. Shairp.

DELIMIT De*lim"it, v. t. Etym: [L. delimitare: cf. F. délimitier.]

Defn: To fix the limits of; to demarcate; to bound.

DELIMITATION De*lim`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. delimitatio: cf. F. délimitation.]

Defn: The act or process of fixing limits or boundaries; limitation. Gladstone.

DELINE De*line", v. t.

1. To delineate. [Obs.]

2. To mark out. [Obs.] R. North.

DELINEABLE De*lin"e*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being, or liable to be, delineated. Feltham.

DELINEAMENT De*lin"e*a*ment, Etym: [See Delineate.]

Defn: Delineation; sketch. Dr. H. More.

DELINEATE De*lin"e*ate, a. Etym: [L. delineatus, p. p. of delineare to delineate; de- + lineare to draw, fr. linea line. See Line.]

Defn: Delineated; portrayed. [R.]

DELINEATE De*lin"e*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delineated; p. pr. & vb. n. Delineating.]

1. To indicate by lines drawn in the form or figure of; to represent by sketch, design, or diagram; to sketch out; to portray; to picture; in drawing and engraving, to represent in lines, as with the pen, pencil, or graver; hence, to represent with accuracy and minuteness. See Delineation. Adventurous to delineate nature's form. Akenside.

2. To portray to the mind or understanding by words; to set forth; to describe. Customs or habits delineated with great accuracy. Walpole.

DELINEATION De*lin`e*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. delineatio: cf. F. délinéation.]

1. The act of representing, portraying, or describing, as by lines, diagrams, sketches, etc.; drawing an outline; as, the delineation of a scene or face; in drawing and engraving, representation by means of lines, as distinguished from representation by means of tints shades; accurate and minute representation, as distinguished from art that is careless of details, or subordinates them excessively.

2. A delineated picture; representation; sketch; description in words. Their softest delineations of female beauty. W. Irving.

Syn. -- Sketch; portrait; outline. See Sketch.

DELINEATOR De*lin"e*a`tor, n.

1. One who, or that which, delineates; a sketcher.

2. (Surv.)

Defn: A perambulator which records distances and delineates a profile, as of a road.

DELINEATORY De*lin"e*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: That delineates; descriptive; drawing the outline; delineating.

DELINEATURE De*lin"e*a*ture, n.

Defn: Delineation. [Obs.]

DELINITION Del`i*ni"tion, n. Etym: [L. delinere to smear. See Liniment.]

Defn: A smearing. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DELINQUENCY De*lin"quen*cy, n.; pl. Delinquencies. Etym: [L. delinquentia, fr. delinquens.]

Defn: Failure or omission of duty; a fault; a misdeed; an offense; a misdemeanor; a crime. The delinquencies of the little commonwealth would be represented in the most glaring colors. Motley.

DELINQUENT De*lin"quent a. Etym: [L. delinquens, -entis, p. pr. of delinquere to fail, be wanting in one's duty, do wrong; de- + linquere to leave. See Loan, n.]

Defn: Failing in duty; offending by neglect of duty.

DELINQUENT De*lin"quent, n.

Defn: One who fails or neglects to perform his duty; an offender or transgressor; one who commits a fault or a crime; a culprit. A delinquent ought to be cited in the place or jurisdiction where the delinquency was committed. Ayliffe.

DELINQUENTLY De*lin"quent*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to fail in duty.

DELIQUATE Del"i*quate, v. i. Etym: [L. deliquatus, p. p. of deliquare to clear off, de- + liquare to make liquid, melt, dissolve.]

Defn: To melt or be dissolved; to deliquesce. [Obs.] Boyle.

DELIQUATE Del"i*quate, v. t.

Defn: To cause to melt away; to dissolve; to consume; to waste. [Obs.] Dilapidating, or rather deliquating, his bishopric. Fuller.

DELIQUATION Del`i*qua"tion, n.

Defn: A melting. [Obs.]

DELIQUESCE Del`i*quesce", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Deliquesced; p. pr. & vb. n. Deliquescing.] Etym: [L. deliquescere to melt, dissolve; de- + liquescere to become fluid, melt, fr. liquere to be fluid. See Liquid.] (Chem.)

Defn: To dissolve gradually and become liquid by attracting and absorbing moisture from the air, as certain salts, acids, and alkalies. In very moist air crystals of strontites deliquesce. Black.

DELIQUESCENCE Del`i*ques"cence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déliquescence.]

Defn: The act of deliquescing or liquefying; process by which anything deliquesces; tendency to melt.

DELIQUESCENT Del`i*ques"cent, a. Etym: [L. deliquescens, -entis, p. pr. of deliquescere: cf. F. déliquescent.]

1. Dissolving; liquefying by contact with the air; capable of attracting moisture from the atmosphere and becoming liquid; as, deliquescent salts.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Branching so that the stem is lost in branches, as in most deciduous trees. Gray.

DELIQUIATE De*liq"ui*ate, v. i. Etym: [L. deliquia a flowing off, a gutter, deliquium a flowing down, fr. deliquare. See Deliquate.]

Defn: To melt and become liquid by absorbing water from the air; to deliquesce. Fourcroy.

DELIQUIATION De*liq`ui*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of deliquating.

DELIQUIUM De*liq"ui*um, n. Etym: [L. See Deliquiate.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A melting or dissolution in the air, or in a moist place; a liquid condition; as, a salt falls into a deliquium. [R.]

2. A sinking away; a swooning. [Obs.] Bacon.

3. A melting or maudlin mood. Carlyle.

DELIRACY De*lir"a*cy, n. Etym: [See Delirate.]

Defn: Delirium. [Obs.]

DELIRAMENT De*lir"a*ment, n. Etym: [L. deliramentum, fr. delirare. See Delirium.]

Defn: A wandering of the mind; a crazy fancy. [Obs.] Heywood.

DELIRANCY De*lir"an*cy, n.

Defn: Delirium. [Obs.] Gauden.

DELIRANT De*lir"ant, a. Etym: [L. delirans, -antis, p. pr. of delirare. See Delirium.]

Defn: Delirious. [Obs.] Owen.

DELIRATE De*lir"ate, v. t. & i. Etym: [L. deliratus, p. p. of delirare. See Delirium.]

Defn: To madden; to rave. [Obs.] An infatuating and delirating spirit in it. Holland.

DELIRATION Del`i*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. deliratio.]

Defn: Aberration of mind; delirium. J. Motley. Deliration or alienation of the understanding. Mede.

DELIRIANT De*lir"i*ant, n. Etym: [See Delirium.] (Med.)

Defn: A poison which occasions a persistent delirium, or mental aberration (as belladonna).

DELIRIFACIENT De*lir`i*fa"cient, a. Etym: [Delirium + L. faciens, -entis, p. pr. of facere to make.] (Med.)

Defn: Producing, or tending to produce, delirium. -- n.

Defn: Any substance which tends to cause delirium.

DELIRIOUS De*lir"i*ous, a. Etym: [From Delirium.]

Defn: Having a delirium; wandering in mind; light-headed; insane; raving; wild; as, a delirious patient; delirious fancies. -- De*lir"i*ous*ly, adv. -- De*lir"i*ous*ness, n.

DELIRIUM De*lir"i*um, n. Etym: [L., fr. delirare to rave, to wander in mind, prop., to go out of the furrow in plowing; de- + lira furrow, track; perh. akin to G. geleise track, rut, and E. last to endure.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A state in which the thoughts, expressions, and actions are wild, irregular, and incoherent; mental aberration; a roving or wandering of the mind, -- usually dependent on a fever or some other disease, and so distinguished from mania, or madness.

2. Strong excitement; wild enthusiasm; madness. The popular delirium [of the French Revolution] at first caught his enthusiastic mind. W. Irving. The delirium of the preceding session (of Parliament). Motley. Delirium tremens (. Etym: [L., trembling delirium] (Med.), a violent delirium induced by the excessive and prolonged use of intoxicating liquors. -- Traumatic delirium (Med.), a variety of delirium following injury.

Syn. -- Insanity; frenzy; madness; derangement; aberration; mania; lunacy; fury. See Insanity.

DELIT De*lit", n.

Defn: Delight. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DELITABLE De*lit"a*ble, a.

Defn: Delightful; delectable. [Obs.]

DELITESCENCE Del`i*tes"cence, n. Etym: [See Delitescent.]

1. Concealment; seclusion; retirement. The delitescence of mental activities. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The sudden disappearance of inflammation.

DELITESCENCY Del`i*tes"cen*cy, n.

Defn: Concealment; seclusion. The mental organization of the novelist must be characterized, to speak craniologically, by an extraordinary development of the passion for delitescency. Sir W. Scott.

DELITESCENT Del`i*tes"cent, a. Etym: [L. delitescens, -entis, p. pr. of delitescere to lie hid.]

Defn: Lying hid; concealed.

DELITIGATE De*lit"i*gate, v. i. Etym: [L. delitigare to rail. See Litigate.]

Defn: To chide; to rail heartily. [Obs.]

DELITIGATION De*lit`i*ga"tion, n.

Defn: Chiding; brawl. [Obs.]

DELIVER De*liv"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delivered; p. pr. & vb. n. Delivering.] Etym: [F. délivrer, LL. deliberare to liberate, give over, fr. L. de + liberare to set free. See Liberate.]

1. To set free from restraint; to set at liberty; to release; to liberate, as from control; to give up; to free; to save; to rescue from evil actual or feared; -- often with from or out of; as, to deliver one from captivity, or from fear of death. He that taketh warning shall deliver his soul. Ezek. xxxiii. 5. Promise was that I Should Israel from Philistian yoke deliver. Milton.

2. To give or transfer; to yield possession or control of; to part with (to); to make over; to commit; to surrender; to resign; -- often with up or over, to or into. Thou shalt deliver Pharaoh's cup into his hand. Gen. xl. 13. The constables have delivered her over. Shak. The exalted mind All sense of woe delivers to the wind. Pope.

3. To make over to the knowledge of another; to communicate; to utter; to speak; to impart. Till he these words to him deliver might. Spenser. Whereof the former delivers the precepts of the art, and the latter the perfection. Bacon.

4. To give forth in action or exercise; to discharge; as, to deliver a blow; to deliver a broadside, or a ball. Shaking his head and delivering some show of tears. Sidney. An uninstructed bowler . . . thinks to attain the jack by delivering his bowl straightforward. Sir W. Scott.

5. To free from, or disburden of, young; to relieve of a child in childbirth; to bring forth; -- often with of. She was delivered safe and soon. Gower. Tully was long ere he could be delivered of a few verses, and those poor ones. Peacham.

6. To discover; to show. [Poetic] I 'll deliver Myself your loyal servant. Shak.

7. To deliberate. [Obs.] Chaucer.

8. To admit; to allow to pass. [Obs.] Bacon.

Syn. -- To Deliver, Give Forth, Discharge, Liberate, Pronounce, Utter. Deliver denotes, literally, to set free. Hence the term is extensively applied to cases where a thing is made to pass from a confined state to one of greater freedom or openness. Hence it may, in certain connections, be used as synonymous with any or all of the above-mentioned words, as will be seen from the following examples: One who delivers a package gives it forth; one who delivers a cargo discharges it; one who delivers a captive liberates him; one who delivers a message or a discourse utters or pronounces it; when soldiers deliver their fire, they set it free or give it forth.

DELIVER De*liv"er, a. Etym: [OF. delivre free, unfettered. See Deliver, v. t.]

Defn: Free; nimble; sprightly; active. [Obs.] Wonderly deliver and great of strength. Chaucer.

DELIVERABLE De*liv"er*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being, or about to be, delivered; necessary to be delivered. Hale.

DELIVERANCE De*liv"er*ance, n. Etym: [F. délivrance, fr. délivrer.]

1. The act of delivering or freeing from restraint, captivity, peril, and the like; rescue; as, the deliverance of a captive. He hath sent me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach deliverance to the captives. Luke iv. 18. One death or one deliverance we will share. Dryden.

2. Act of bringing forth children. [Archaic] Shak.

3. Act of speaking; utterance. [Archaic] Shak.

Note: In this and in the preceding sense delivery is the word more commonly used.

4. The state of being delivered, or freed from restraint. I do desire deliverance from these officers. Shak.

5. Anything delivered or communicated; esp., an opinion or decision expressed publicly. [Scot.]

6. (Metaph.)

Defn: Any fact or truth which is decisively attested or intuitively known as a psychological or philosophical datum; as, the deliverance of consciousness.

DELIVERER De*liv"er*er, n.

1. One who delivers or rescues; a preserver.

2. One who relates or communicates.

DELIVERESS De*liv"er*ess, n.

Defn: A female de [R.] Evelyn.

DELIVERLY De*liv"er*ly, adv.

Defn: Actively; quickly; nimbly. [Obs.] Swim with your bodies, And carry it sweetly and deliverly. Beau. & Fl.

DELIVERNESS De*liv"er*ness, n.

Defn: Nimbleness; agility. [Obs.]

DELIVERY De*liv"er*y, n.; pl. Deliveries (.

1. The act of delivering from restraint; rescue; release; liberation; as, the delivery of a captive from his dungeon.

2. The act of delivering up or over; surrender; transfer of the body or substance of a thing; distribution; as, the delivery of a fort, of hostages, of a criminal, of goods, of letters.

3. The act or style of utterance; manner of speaking; as, a good delivery; a clear delivery.

4. The act of giving birth; parturition; the expulsion or extraction of a fetus and its membranes.

5. The act of exerting one's strength or limbs. Neater limbs and freer delivery. Sir H. Wotton.

6. The act or manner of delivering a ball; as, the pitcher has a swift delivery.

DELL Dell, n. Etym: [AS. del, akin to E. dale; cf. D. delle, del, low ground. See Dale.]

1. A small, retired valley; a ravine. In dells and dales, concealed from human sight. Tickell.

2. A young woman; a wench. [Obs.] Sweet doxies and dells. B. Jonson.

DELLA CRUSCA Del"la Crus"ca.

Defn: A shortened form of Academia della Crusca, an academy in Florescence, Italy, founded in the 16th century, especially for conversing the purity of the Italian language.

Note: The Accademia della Crusca (literally, academy of the bran or chaff) was so called in allusion to its chief object of bolting or purifying the national language.

DELLACRUSCAN Del`la*crus"can, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Accademia della Crusca in Florence. The Dellacruscan School, a name given in satire to a class of affected English writers, most of whom lived in Florence, about a. d. 1785.

DELOO De"loo, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The duykerbok.

DELOUL De*loul", n. Etym: [Prob. of Arabic or Bedouin origin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A special breed of the dromedary used for rapid traveling; the swift camel; -- called also herire, and maharik.

DELPH Delph, n.

Defn: Delftware. Five nothings in five plates of delph. Swift.

DELPH Delph, n. (Hydraul. Engin.)

Defn: The drain on the land side of a sea embankment. Knight.

DELPHIAN Del"phi*an, a.

Defn: Delphic.

DELPHIC Del"phic, a. Etym: [L. Delphicus, fr. Gr. Delphi, a town of Phocis, in Greece, now Kastri.] (Gr. Antiq.)

1. Of or relating to Delphi, or to the famous oracle of that place.

2. Ambiguous; mysterious. "If he is silent or delphic." New York Times.

DELPHIN; DELPHINE Del"phin, Del"phine, a. Etym: [See Dauphin.]

Defn: Pertaining to the dauphin of France; as, the Delphin classics, an edition of the Latin classics, prepared in the reign of Louis XIV., for the use of the dauphin (in usum Delphini).

DELPHIN Del"phin, n. Etym: [L. delphinus a dolphin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A fatty substance contained in the oil of the dolphin and the porpoise; -- called also phocenin.

DELPHINE Del"phine, a. Etym: [L. delphinus a dolphin, Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to the dolphin, a genus of fishes.

DELPHINIC Del*phin"ic, a. Etym: [See Delphin, n.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the dolphin; phocenic. Delphinic acid. (Chem.) See Valeric acid, under Valeric. [Obs.]

DELPHINIC Del*phin"ic, a. Etym: [From NL. Delphinium, the name of the genus.] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, the larkspur; specifically, relating to the stavesacre (Delphinium staphisagria).

DELPHININE Del"phi*nine (; 104), n. Etym: [Cf. F. delphinine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A poisonous alkaloid extracted from the stavesacre (Delphinium staphisagria), as a colorless amorphous powder.

DELPHINOID Del"phi*noid, a. Etym: [L. delphinus a dolphin + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the dolphin.

DELPHINOIDEA Del`phi*noi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of Cetacea which comprises the dolphins, porpoises, and related forms.

DELPHINUS Del*phi"nus, n. Etym: [L., a dolphin, fr. Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of Cetacea, including the dolphin. See Dolphin,

1.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The Dolphin, a constellation near the equator and east of Aquila.

DELSARTE; DELSARTE SYSTEM Del*sarte", n., or Delsarte system.

Defn: A system of calisthenics patterned on the theories of François Delsarte (1811 -- 71), a French teacher of dramatic and musical expression.

DELTA Del"ta, n.; pl. Deltas. Etym: [Gr. Delta of the Nile.]

Defn: A tract of land shaped like the letter delta (as, the delta of the Ganges, of the Nile, or of the Mississippi.

DELTA CONNECTION Delta connection. (Elec.)

Defn: One of the usual forms or methods for connecting apparatus to a three-phase circuit, the three corners of the delta or triangle, as diagrammatically represented, being connected to the three wires of the supply circuit.

DELTA CURRENT Delta current. (Elec.)

Defn: The current flowing through a delta connection.

DELTAFICATION Del`ta*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Delta + L. facere to make.]

Defn: The formation of a delta or of deltas. [R.]

DELTAIC Del*ta"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to, or like, a delta.

DELTHYRIS Del*thy"ris, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. de`lta the name of the letter thy`ra door.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A name formerly given to certain Silurian brachiopod shells of the genus Spirifer. Delthyris limestone (Geol.), one of the divisions of the Upper Silurian rocks in New York.

DELTIC Del"tic, a.

Defn: Deltaic.

DELTIDIUM Del*tid"i*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. de`lta, the letter (Zoöl.)

Defn: The triangular space under the beak of many brachiopod shells.

DELTOHEDRON Del`to*he"dron, n. Etym: [Gr. de`lta, the letter 'e`dra seat, base.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A solid bounded by twelve quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the isometric system, allied to the tetrahedron.

DELTOID Del"toid, a. Etym: [Gr. deltoeidh`s delta-shaped; de`lta the name of the letter ei^dos form: cf. F. deltoïde. See Delta.]

Defn: Shaped like the Greek Deltoid leaf (Bot.), a leaf in the form of a triangle with the stem inserted at the middle of the base. -- Deltoid muscle (Anat.), a triangular muscle in the shoulder which serves to move the arm directly upward.

DELUDABLE De*lud"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being deluded; liable to be imposed on gullible. Sir T. Browne.

DELUDE De*lude", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Deluding.] Etym: [L. deludere, delusum; de- + ludere to play, make sport of, mock. See Ludicrous.]

1. To lead from truth or into error; to mislead the mind or judgment of to beguile; to impose on; to dupe; to make a fool of. To delude the nation by an airy phantom. Burke.

2. To frustrate or disappoint. It deludes thy search. Dryden.

Syn. -- To mislead; deceive; beguile; cajole; cheat; dupe. See Deceive.

DELUDER De*lud"er, n.

Defn: One who deludes; a deceiver; an impostor.

DELUGE Del"uge, n. Etym: [F. déluge, L. diluvium, fr. diluere wash away; di- = dis- + luere, equiv. to lavare to wash. See Lave, and cf. Diluvium.]

1. A washing away; an overflowing of the land by water; an inundation; a flood; specifically, The Deluge, the great flood in the days of Noah (Gen. vii.).

2. Fig.: Anything which overwhelms, or causes great destruction. "The deluge of summer." Lowell. A fiery deluge fed With ever-burning sulphur unconsumed. Milton. As I grub up some quaint old fragment of a [London] street, or a house, or a shop, or tomb or burial ground, which has still survived in the deluge. F. Harrison. After me the deluge. (Aprés moi le déluge.) Madame de Pompadour.

DELUGE Del"uge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deluged; p. pr. & vb. n. Deluging.]

1. To overflow with water; to inundate; to overwhelm. The deluged earth would useless grow. Blackmore.

2. To overwhelm, as with a deluge; to cover; to overspread; to overpower; to submerge; to destroy; as, the northern nations deluged the Roman empire with their armies; the land is deluged with woe. At length corruption, like a general fldeluge all. Pope.

DELUNDUNG De*lun"dung, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An East Indian carnivorous mammal (Prionodon gracilis), resembling the civets, but without scent pouches. It is handsomely spotted.

DELUSION De*lu"sion n. Etym: [L. delusio, fr. deludere. See Delude.]

1. The act of deluding; deception; a misleading of the mind. Pope.

2. The state of being deluded or misled.

3. That which is falsely or delusively believed or propagated; false belief; error in belief. And fondly mourned the dear delusion gone. Prior.

Syn. -- Delusion, Illusion. These words both imply some deception practiced upon the mind. Delusion is deception from want of knowledge; illusion is deception from morbid imagination. An illusion is a false show, a mere cheat on the fancy or senses. It is, in other words, some idea or image presented to the bodily or mental vision which does not exist in reality. A delusion is a false judgment, usually affecting the real concerns of life. Or, in other words, it is an erroneous view of something which exists indeed, but has by no means the qualities or attributes ascribed to it. Thus we speak of the illusions of fancy, the illusions of hope, illusive prospects, illusive appearances, etc. In like manner, we speak of the delusions of stockjobbing, the delusions of honorable men, delusive appearances in trade, of being deluded by a seeming excellence. "A fanatic, either religious or political, is the subject of strong delusions; while the term illusion is applied solely to the visions of an uncontrolled imagination, the chimerical ideas of one blinded by hope, passion, or credulity, or lastly, to spectral and other ocular deceptions, to which the word delusion is never applied." Whately.

DELUSIONAL De*lu"sion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to delusions; as, delusional monomania.

DELUSIVE De*lu"sive, a. Etym: [See Delude.]

Defn: Apt or fitted to delude; tending to mislead the mind; deceptive; beguiling; delusory; as, delusive arts; a delusive dream. Delusive and unsubstantial ideas. Whewell. -- De*lu"sive*ly, adv. -- De*lu"sive*ness, n.

DELUSORY De*lu"so*ry a.

Defn: Delusive; fallacious. Glanvill.

DELVE Delve v. t. [imp. & p. p. Delved; p. pr. & vb. n. Delving.] Etym: [AS. delfan to dig; akin to OS. bidelban to bury, D. delven to dig, MHG. telben, and possibly to E. dale. Cf. Delf a mine.]

1. To dig; to open (the ground) as with a spade. Delve of convenient depth your thrashing flooDryden.

2. To dig into; to penetrate; to trace out; to fathom. I can not delve him to the root. Shak.

DELVE Delve, v. i.

Defn: To dig or labor with a spade, or as with a spade; to labor as a drudge. Delve may I not: I shame to beg. Wyclif (Luke xvi. 3).

DELVE Delve, n. Etym: [See Delve, v. t., and cf. Delf a mine.]

Defn: A place dug; a pit; a ditch; a den; a cave. Which to that shady delve him brought at last The very tigers from their delves Look out. Moore.

DELVER Delv"er, n.

Defn: One who digs, as with a spade.

DEMAGNETIZE De*mag"net*ize, v. t.

1. To deprive of magnetic properties. See Magnetize. If the bar be rapidly magnetized and demagnetized. A. Cyc.

2. To free from mesmeric influence; to demesmerize. -- De*mag`net*i*za"tion, n. -- De*mag"net*i`zer, n.

DEMAGOG Dem"a*gog, n.

Defn: Demagogue.

DEMAGOGIC; DEMAGOGICAL Dem`a*gog"ic, Dem`a*gog"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. démagogique.]

Defn: Relating to, or like, a demagogue; factious.

DEMAGOGISM Dem"a*gog*ism, n.

Defn: The practices of a demagogue.

DEMAGOGUE Dem"a*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. act: cf. F. démagogue.]

Defn: A leader of the rabble; one who attempts to control the multitude by specious or deceitful arts; an unprincipled and factious mob orator or political leader.

DEMAGOGY Dem"a*gog`y, n. Etym: [Cf. F. démagogie, Gr.

Defn: Demagogism.

DEMAIN De*main", n. Etym: [See Demesne.]

1. Rule; management. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. (Law)

Defn: See Demesne.

DEMAND De*mand", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Demanding.] Etym: [F. demander, LL. demandare to demand, summon, send word, fr. L. demandare to give in charge, intrust; de- + mandare to commit to one's charge, commission, order, command. Cf. Mandate, Commend.]

1. To ask or call for with authority; to claim or seek from, as by authority or right; to claim, as something due; to call for urgently or peremptorily; as, to demand a debt; to demand obedience. This, in our foresaid holy father's name, Pope Innocent, I do demand of thee. Shak.

2. To inquire authoritatively or earnestly; to ask, esp. in a peremptory manner; to question. I did demand what news from Shrewsbury. Shak.

3. To require as necessary or useful; to be in urgent need of; hence, to call for; as, the case demands care.

4. (Law)

Defn: To call into court; to summon. Burrill.

DEMAND De*mand", v. i.

Defn: To make a demand; to inquire. The soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what shall we do Luke iii. 14.

DEMAND De*mand", n. Etym: [F. demande, fr. demander. See Demand, v. t.]

1. The act of demanding; an asking with authority; a peremptory urging of a claim; a claiming or challenging as due; requisition; as, the demand of a creditor; a note payable on demand. The demand [is] by the word of the holy ones. Dan. iv. 17. He that has confidence to turn his wishes into demands will be but a little way from thinking he ought to obtain them. Locke.

2. Earnest inquiry; question; query. Shak.

3. A diligent seeking or search; manifested want; desire to posses; request; as, a demand for certain goods; a person's company is in great demand. In 1678 came forth a second edition [Pilgrim's Progress] with additions; and the demand became immense. Macaulay.

4. That which one demands or has a right to demand; thing claimed as due; claim; as, demands on an estate.

5. (Law) (a) The asking or seeking for what is due or claimed as due. (b) The right or title in virtue of which anything may be claimed; as, to hold a demand against a person. (c) A thing or amount claimed to be due.

DEMANDABLE De*mand"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be demanded or claimed. "All sums demandable." Bacon.

DEMANDANT De*mand"ant n. Etym: [F. demandant, p. pr. of demander.]

Defn: One who demands; the plaintiff in a real action; any plaintiff.

DEMANDER De*mand"er, n.

Defn: One who demands.

DEMANDRESS De*mand"ress, n.

Defn: A woman who demands.

DEMANTOID De*man"toid, n. Etym: [G. demant diamond + -oid.] (Min.)

Defn: A yellow-green, transparent variety of garnet found in the Urals. It is valued as a gem because of its brilliancy of luster, whence the name.

DEMARCATE De*mar"cate, v. t. Etym: [See Demarcation.]

Defn: To mark by bounds; to set the limits of; to separate; to discriminate. Wilkinson.

DEMARCATION De`mar*ca"tion, n. Etym: [F. démarcation; pref. dé- (L. de) + marquer to mark, of German origin. See Mark.]

Defn: The act of marking, or of ascertaining and setting a limit; separation; distinction. The speculative line of demarcation, where obedience ought to end and resistance must begin, is faint, obscure, and not easily definable. Burke.

DEMARCH De*march", n. Etym: [F. démarche. See March, n.]

Defn: March; walk; gait. [Obs.]

DEMARCH De*march, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A chief or ruler of a deme or district in Greece.

DEMARKATION De`mar*ka"tion, n.

Defn: Same as Demarcation.

DEMATERIALIZE De`ma*te"ri*al*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of material or physical qualities or characteristics. Dematerializing matter by stripping if of everything which . . . has distinguished matter. Milman.

DEME Deme, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A territorial subdivision of Attica (also of modern Greece), corresponding to a township. Jowett (Thucyd).

2. (Biol.)

Defn: An undifferentiated aggregate of cells or plastids.

DEMEAN De*mean", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demeaned; p. pr. & vb. n. Demeaning.] Etym: [OF. demener to conduct, guide, manage, F. se démener to struggledé- (L. de) + mener to lead, drive, carry on, conduct, fr. L. minare to drive animals by threatening cries, fr. minari to threaten. See Menace.]

1. To manage; to conduct; to treat. [Our] clergy have with violence demeaned the matter. Milton.

2. To conduct; to behave; to comport; -- followed by the reflexive pronoun. They have demeaned themselves Like men born to renown by life or death. Shak. They answered . . . that they should demean themselves according to their instructions. Clarendon.

3. To debase; to lower; to degrade; -- followed by the reflexive pronoun. Her son would demean himself by a marriage with an artist's daughter. Thackeray.

Note: This sense is probably due to a false etymology which regarded the word as connected with the adjective mean.

DEMEAN De*mean", n. Etym: [OF. demene. See Demean, v. t.]

1. Management; treatment. [Obs.] Vile demean and usage bad. Spenser.

2. Behavior; conduct; bearing; demeanor. [Obs.] With grave demean and solemn vanity. West.

DEMEAN De*mean", n. Etym: [See Demesne.]

1. Demesne. [Obs.]

2. pl.

Defn: Resources; means. [Obs.] You know How narrow our demeans are. Massinger.

DEMEANANCE De*mean"ance, n.

Defn: Demeanor. [Obs.] Skelton.

DEMEANOR De*mean"or, n. [Written also demeanour.] Etym: [For demeanure, fr. demean. See Demean, v. t.]

1. Management; treatment; conduct. [Obs.] God commits the managing so great a trust . . . wholly to the demeanor of every grown man. Milton.

2. Behavior; deportment; carriage; bearing; mien. His demeanor was singularly pleasing. Macaulay. The men, as usual, liked her artless kindness and simple refined demeanor. Thackeray.

DEMEANURE De*mean"ure, n.

Defn: Behavior. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEMENCY De"men*cy, n. Etym: [L. dementia, fr. demens mad. See Dement.]

Defn: Dementia; loss of mental powers. See Insanity.

DEMENT De*ment", v. t. Etym: [L. dementare, fr. demens, -mentis, out of one's mind, mad; de + mens mind. See Mental, and cf. Dementate.]

Defn: To deprive of reason; to make mad. [R.] Bale.

DEMENT De*ment", a. Etym: [L. demens, -mentis.]

Defn: Demented; dementate. [R.] J. H. Newman.

DEMENTATE De*men"tate, a. Etym: [L. dementatus, p. p. See Dement, v. t.]

Defn: Deprived of reason. Arise, thou dementate sinner! Hammond.

DEMENTATE De*men"tate v. t.

Defn: To deprive of reason; to dement. [R.] Burton.

DEMENTATION De`men*ta"tion, n.

Defn: The act of depriving of reason; madness. Whitlock.

DEMENTED De*ment"ed, a. Etym: [From Dement.]

Defn: Insane; mad; of unsound mind. -- De*ment"ed*ness, n.

DEMENTIA De*men"ti*a, n. Etym: [L., fr. demens. See Dement.]

Defn: Insanity; madness; esp. that form which consists in weakness or total loss of thought and reason; mental imbecility; idiocy.

DEMEPHITIZE De*meph"i*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demephitized; p. pr. & vb. n. Demephitizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. méphitiser to infect with mephitis.]

Defn: To purify from mephitic. -- De*meph`i*ti*za"tion, n.

DEMERGE De*merge", v. t. Etym: [L. demergere.]

Defn: To plunge down into; to sink; to immerse. [Obs.] The water in which it was demerged. Boyle.

DEMERIT De*mer"it, n. Etym: [F. démérite demerit (in sense 2), OF. demerite demerit (in sense 1), fr. L. demerere to deserve well, LL., to deserve well or ill; de- + merere to deserve. See De-, and Merit.]

1. That which one merits or deserves, either of good or ill; desert. [Obs.] By many benefits and demerits whereby they obliged their adherents, [they] acquired this reputation. Holland.

2. That which deserves blame; ill desert; a fault; a vice; misconduct; -- the opposite of Ant: merit. They see no merit or demerit in any man or any action. Burke. Secure, unless forfeited by any demerit or offense. Sir W. Temple.

3. The state of one who deserves ill.

DEMERIT De*mer"it, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. démériter to deserve ill. See Demerit, n.]

1. To deserve; -- said in reference to both praise and blame. [Obs.] If I have demerited any love or thanks. Udall. Executed as a traitor . . . as he well demerited. State Trials (1645).

2. To depreciate or cry down. [R.] Bp. Woolton.

DEMERIT De*mer"it, v. i.

Defn: To deserve praise or blame.

DEMERSE De*merse", v. t. Etym: [L. demersus, p. p. of demergere. See Merge.]

Defn: To immerse. [Obs.] Boyle.

DEMERSED De*mersed", a. (Bot.)

Defn: Situated or growing under water, as leaves; submersed.

DEMERSION De*mer"sion n. Etym: [L. demersio.]

1. The act of plunging into a fluid; a drowning.

2. The state of being overwhelmed in water, or as if in water. Ray.

DEMESMERIZE De*mes"mer*ize, v. t.

Defn: To relieve from mesmeric influence. See Mesmerize.

DEMESNE De*mesne", n. Etym: [OE. demeine, demain, rule, demesne, OF. demeine, demaine, demeigne, domaine, power, F. domaine domain, fr. L. dominium property, right of ownership, fr. dominus master, proprietor, owner. See Dame, and cf. DEmain, Domain, Danger, Dungeon.] (Law)

Defn: A lord's chief manor place, with that part of the lands belonging thereto which has not been granted out in tenancy; a house, and the land adjoining, kept for the proprietor's own use. [Written also demain.] Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill. Ancient demesne. (Eng. Law) See under Ancient.

DEMESNIAL De*mesn"i*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a demesne; of the nature of a demesne.

DEMI- Dem"i-. Etym: [F. demi-, fr. L. dimidius half; di- = dis- + medius middle. See Medium, and cf. Demy, Dimidiate.]

Defn: A prefix, signifying half.

DEMI De*mi", n.

Defn: See Demy, n.

DEMIBASTION Dem"i*bas"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. demi-bastion.] (Fort.)

Defn: A half bastion, or that part of a bastion consisting of one face and one flank.

DEMIBRIGADE Dem"i*bri*gade", n. Etym: [Cf. F. demi-brigade.]

Defn: A half brigade.

DEMICADENCE Dem"i*ca`dence n. (Mus.)

Defn: An imperfect or half cadence, falling on the dominant instead of on the key note.

DEMICANNON Dem"i*can"non, n. (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing from thirty to thirty-six pounds. Shak.

DEMICIRCLE Dem"i*cir`cle, n. Etym: [Cf. F. demi-cercle.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring angles, in surveying, etc. It resembles

DEMICULVERIN Dem"i*cul"ver*in, n. (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing from nine to thirteen pounds.

DEMIDEIFY Dem"i*de"i*fy v. t.

Defn: To deify in part. Cowper.

DEMIDEVIL Dem"i*dev`il, n.

Defn: A half devil. Shak.

DEMIGOD Dem"i*god, n.

Defn: A half god, or an inferior deity; a fabulous hero, the offspring of a deity and a mortal.

DEMIGODDESS Dem"i*god`dess, n.

Defn: A female demigod.

DEMIGORGE Dem"i*gorge`, n. Etym: [Cf. F. demi-gorge.] (Fort.)

Defn: Half the gorge, or entrance into a bastion, taken from the angle of the flank to the center of the bastion.

DEMIGRATE Dem"i*grate, v. i. Etym: [L. demigrare, demigratum, to emigrate. See De-, and Migrate.]

Defn: To emigrate. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEMIGRATION Dem`i*gra"tion n. Etym: [L. demigratio.]

Defn: Emigration. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DEMIGROAT Dem"i*groat`, n.

Defn: A half groat.

DEMI-ISLAND Dem"i-is`land, n.

Defn: Peninsula. [Obs.] Knolles.

DEMIJOHN Dem"i*john, n. Etym: [F. dame-jeanne, i. e., Lady Jane, a corruption of Ar. damajana, damjana, prob. fr. Damaghan a town in the Persian province of Khorassan, one famous for its glass works.]

Defn: A glass vessel or bottle with a large body and small neck, inclosed in wickerwork.

DEMILANCE Dem"i*lance`, n.

Defn: A light lance; a short spear; a half pike; also, a demilancer.

DEMILANCER Dem"i*lan`cer, n.

Defn: A soldier of light cavalry of the 16th century, who carried a demilance.

DEMILUNE Dem"i*lune`, n. Etym: [F. demi-lune.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: A work constructed beyond the main ditch of a fortress, and in front of the curtain between two bastions, intended to defend the curtain; a ravelin. See Ravelin.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: A crescentic mass of granular protoplasm present in the salivary glands.

Note: Each crescent is made of polyhedral cells which under some circumstances are supposed to give rise to new salivary cells.

DEMIMAN Dem"i*man`, n.

Defn: A half man. [R.] Knolles.

DEMIMONDE Dem`i*monde", n. Etym: [F.; demi + monde world, L. mundus.]

Defn: Persons of doubtful reputation; esp., women who are kept as mistresses, though not public prostitutes; demireps. Literary demimonde, writers of the lowest kind.

DEMINATURED Dem"i*na"tured, a.

Defn: Having half the nature of another. [R.] Shak.

DEMIQUAVER Dem"i*qua`ver, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A note of half the length of the quaver; a semiquaver. [R.]

DEMIRELIEF; DEMIRELIEVO Dem`i*re*lief", Dem`i*re*lie"vo, n.

Defn: Half relief. See Demi-rilievo.

DEMIREP Dem"i*rep`, n. Etym: [Contr. fr. demi-reputation.]

Defn: A woman of doubtful reputation or suspected character; an adventuress. [Colloq.] De Quincey.

DEMI-RILIEVO Dem"i-ri*lie"vo, n. Etym: [Pref. demi- + It. rilievo.] (Fine Arts) (a) Half relief; sculpture in relief of which the figures project from the background by one half their full roundness. (b) A work of sculpture of the above character. See Alto-rilievo.

DEMISABILITY De*mis`a*bil"i*ty, n. (Law)

Defn: The state of being demisable.

DEMISABLE De*mis"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Demise.] (Law)

Defn: Capable of being leased; as, a demisable estate.

DEMISE De*mise", n. Etym: [F. démettre, p. p. démis, démise, to put away, lay down; pref. dé- (L. de or dis-) + mettre to put, place, lay, fr. L. mittere to send. See Mission, and cf. Dismiss, Demit.]

1. Transmission by formal act or conveyance to an heir or successor; transference; especially, the transfer or transmission of the crown or royal authority to a successor.

2. The decease of a royal or princely person; hence, also, the death of any illustrious person. After the demise of the Queen [of George II.], in 1737, they [drawing-rooms] were held but twice a week. P. Cunningham.

3. (Law)

Defn: The conveyance or transfer of an estate, either in fee for life or for years, most commonly the latter. Bouvier.

Note: The demise of the crown is a transfer of the crown, royal authority, or kingdom, to a successor. Thus, when Edward IV. was driven from his throne for a few months by the house of Lancaster, this temporary transfer of his dignity was called a demise. Thus the natural death of a king or queen came to be denominated a demise, as by that event the crown is transferred to a successor. Blackstone. Demise and redemise, a conveyance where there are mutual leases made from one to another of the same land, or something out of it.

Syn. -- Death; decease; departure. See Death.

DEMISE De*mise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demised; p. pr. & vb. n. Demising.]

1. To transfer or transmit by succession or inheritance; to grant or bestow by will; to bequeath. "Power to demise my lands." Swift. What honor Canst thou demise to any child of mine Shak.

2. To convey; to give. [R.] His soul is at his conception demised to him. Hammond.

3. (Law)

Defn: To convey, as an estate, be lease; to lease.

DEMISEMIQUAVER Dem`i*sem"i*qua`ver, (Mus.)

Defn: A short note, equal in time to the half of a semiquaver, or the thirty-second part of a whole note.

DEMISS De*miss", a. Etym: [L. demissus, p. p. of demittere.]

Defn: Cast down; humble; submissive. [Obs.] He down descended like a most demiss And abject thrall. Spenser.

DEMISSION De*mis"sion, n. Etym: [L. demissio, fr. demittere. See Demit.]

1. The act of demitting, or the state of being demitted; a letting down; a lowering; dejection. "Demission of mind." Hammond. Demission of sovereign authority. L'Estrange.

2. Resignation of an office. [Scot.]

DEMISSIONARY De*mis"sion*a*ry, a.

1. Pertaining to transfer or conveyance; as, a demissionary deed.

2. Tending to lower, depress, or degrade.

DEMISSIVE De*miss"ive, a. Etym: [See Demiss.]

Defn: Downcast; submissive; humble. [R.] They pray with demissive eyelids. Lord (1630).

DEMISSLY De*miss"ly, adv.

Defn: In a humble manner. [Obs.]

DEMISUIT Dem"i*suit`, n. (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A suit of light armor covering less than the whole body, as having no protection for the legs below the things, no vizor to the helmet, and the like.

DEMIT De*mit", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Demitting.] Etym: [L. demittere to send or bring down, to lower; de- + mittere to send. Cf. Demise.]

1. To let fall; to depress. [R.] They [peacocks] demit and let fall the same [i. e., their train]. Sir T. Browne.

2. To yield or submit; to humble; to lower; as, to demit one's self to humble duties. [R.]

3. To lay down, as an office; to resign. [Scot.] General Conway demitted his office. Hume.

DEMI-TASSE De*mi"-tasse", n. [F., half cup.]

Defn: A small cup for, or of, black coffee.

DEMITINT Dem"i*tint`, n. (Fine Arts) (a) That part of a painting, engraving, or the like, which is neither in full darkness nor full light. (b) The shade itself; neither the darkest nor the lightest in a composition. Also called half tint.

DEMITONE Dem"i*tone`, n. (Mus.)

Defn: Semitone. [R.]

DEMIURGE Dem"i*urge, n. Etym: [Gr. dhmioyrgo`s a worker for the people, a workman, especially the marker of the world, the Creator; dh`mios belonging to the people (fr. dh^mos the people) + 'e`rgon a work.]

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: The chief magistrate in some of the Greek states.

2. God, as the Maker of the world.

3. According to the Gnostics, an agent or one employed by the Supreme Being to create the material universe and man.

DEMIURGIC Dem`i*ur"gic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to a demiurge; formative; creative. "Demiurgic power." De Quincey.

DEMIVILL Dem"i*vill`, n. (Old Law)

Defn: A half-vill, consisting of five freemen or frankpledges. Blackstone.

DEMIVOLT Dem"i*volt`, n. Etym: [Cf. F. demi-volte.] (Man.)

Defn: A half vault; one of the seven artificial motions of a horse, in which he raises his fore legs in a particular manner.

DEMIWOLF Dem"i*wolf`, n.

Defn: A half wolf; a mongrel dog, between a dog and a wolf.

DEMOBILIZATION De*mob`i*li*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. démobilisation. See Mobilization.] (Mil.)

Defn: The disorganization or disarming of troops which have previously been mobilized or called into active service; the change from a war footing to a peace footing.

DEMOBILIZE De*mob"i*lize, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. démobiliser.] (Mil.)

Defn: To disorganize, or disband and send home, as troops which have been mobilized.

DEMOCRACY De*moc"ra*cy, n.; pl. Democracies. Etym: [F. démocratie, fr. Gr. dhmokrati`a; dh^mos the people + kratei^n to be strong, to rule, kra`tos strength.]

1. Government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is retained and directly exercised by the people.

2. Government by popular representation; a form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the people, but is indirectly exercised through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically renewed; a constitutional representative government; a republic.

3. Collectively, the people, regarded as the source of government. Milton.

4. The principles and policy of the Democratic party, so called. [U.S.]

DEMOCRAT Dem"o*crat, n. Etym: [Cf. F. démocrate.]

1. One who is an adherent or advocate of democracy, or government by the people. Whatever they call him, what care I, Aristocrat, democrat, autocrat. Tennyson.

2. A member of the Democratic party. [U.S.]

DEMOCRATIC Dem`o*crat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. démocratique.]

1. Pertaining to democracy; favoring democracy, or constructed upon the principle of government by the people.

2. Relating to a political party so called.

3. Befitting the common people; -- opposed to aristocratic. The Democratic party, the name of one of the chief political parties in the United States.

DEMOCRATICAL Dem`o*crat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Democratic. The democratical was democratically received. Algernon Sidney.

DEMOCRATICALLY Dem`o*crat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a democratic manner.

DEMOCRATISM De*moc"ra*tism, n.

Defn: The principles or spirit of a democracy. [R.]

DEMOCRATIST De*moc"ra*tist, n.

Defn: A democrat. [R.] Burke.

DEMOCRATIZE De*moc"ra*tize v. t.

Defn: To render democratic.

DEMOCRATY De*moc"ra*ty, n.

Defn: Democracy. [Obs.] Milton.

DEMOGORGON De`mo*gor"gon, n. Etym: [First me the scholiast, gorgo`s fierce,

Defn: , A mysterious, terrible, and evil divinity, regarded by some as the author of creation, by others as a great magician who was supposed to command the spirits of the lower world. See Gorgon. Orcus and Ades, and the dreaded name Of Demogorgon. Milton.

DEMOGRAPHY De*mog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: The study of races, as to births, marriages, mortality, health, etc. -- Dem`o*graph"ic, a.

DEMOISELLE De`moi`selle", n. Etym: [F. See Damsel.]

1. A young lady; a damsel; a lady's maid.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Numidian crane (Antropoides virgo); -- so called on account of the grace and symmetry of its form and movements.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A beautiful, small dragon fly of the genus Agrion.

DEMOLISH De*mol"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demolished; p. pr. & vb. n. Demolishing.] Etym: [F. démolir, fr. L. demoliri, p. p. demolitus; de- + moliri to set a thing in motion, to work, construct, from moles a huge mass or structure. See Mole a mound, and Finish.]

Defn: To throw or pull down; to raze; to destroy the fabric of; to pull to pieces; to ruin; as, to demolish an edifice, or a wall. I expected the fabric of my book would long since have been demolished, and laid even with the ground. Tillotson.

Syn. -- To Demolish, Overturn, Destroy, Dismantle, Raze. That is overturned or overthrown which had stood upright; that is destroyed whose component parts are scattered; that is demolished which had formed a mass or structure; that is dismantled which is stripped of its covering, as a vessel of its sails, or a fortress of its bastions, etc.; that is razed which is brought down smooth, and level to the ground. An ancient pillar is overturned or overthrown as the result of decay; as city is destroyed by an invasion of its enemies; a monument, the walls of a castle, a church, or any structure, real or imaginary, may be demolished; a fortress may be dismantled from motives of prudence, in order to render it defenseless; a city may be razed by way of punishment, and its ruins become a memorial of vengeance.

DEMOLISHER De*mol"ish`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, demolishes; as, a demolisher of towns.

DEMOLISHMENT De*mol"ish*ment, n.

Defn: Demolition.

DEMOLITION Dem`o*li"tion, n. Etym: [L. demolitio, fr. demoliri: cf. F. démolition. See Demolish.]

Defn: The act of overthrowing, pulling down, or destroying a pile or structure; destruction by violence; utter overthrow; -- opposed to construction; as, the demolition of a house, of military works, of a town, or of hopes.

DEMOLITIONIST Dem`o*li"tion*ist, n.

Defn: A demolisher. [R.] Carlyle.

DEMON De"mon, n. Etym: [F. démon, L. daemon a spirit, an evil spirit, fr. Gr.

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A spirit, or immaterial being, holding a middle place between men and deities in pagan mythology. The demon kind is of an inSydenham.

2. One's genius; a tutelary spirit or internal voice; as, the demon of Socrates. [Often written dæmon.]

3. An evil spirit; a devil. That same demon that hath gulled thee thus. Shak.

DEMONESS De"mon*ess, n.

Defn: A female demon.

DEMONETIZATION De*mon`e*ti*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of demonetizing, or the condition of being demonetized.

DEMONETIZE De*mon"e*tize (; see Monetary), v. t.

Defn: To deprive of current value; to withdraw from use, as money. They [gold mohurs] have been completely demonetized by the [East India] Company. R. Cobden.

DEMONIAC; DEMONIACAL De*mo"ni*ac, Dem`o*ni"a*cal, a. Etym: [L. daemoniacus, fr. daemon; cf. F. démoniaque. See Demon.]

1. Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a demon or evil spirit; devilish; as, a demoniac being; demoniacal practices. Sarcastic, demoniacal laughter. Thackeray.

2. Influenced or produced by a demon or evil spirit; as, demoniac or demoniacal power. "Demoniac frenzy." Milton.

DEMONIAC De*mo"ni*ac, n.

1. A human being possessed by a demon or evil spirit; one whose faculties are directly controlled by a demon. The demoniac in the gospel was sometimes cast into the fire. Bates.

2. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect of Anabaptists who maintain that the demons or devils will finally be saved.

DEMONIACALLY Dem`o*ni"a*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a demoniacal manner.

DEMONIACISM Dem`o*ni"a*cism, n.

Defn: The state of being demoniac, or the practices of demoniacs.

DEMONIAL De*mo"ni*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a demon. [Obs.] Cudworth.

DEMONIAN De*mo"ni*an, a.

Defn: Relating to, or having the nature of, a demon. "Demonian spirits." Milton.

DEMONIANISM De*mo"ni*an*ism, n.

Defn: The state of being possessed by a demon or by demons.

DEMONIASM De*mo"ni*asm, n.

Defn: See Demonianism. [R.]

DEMONIC De*mo"nic, a. Etym: [L. daemonicus, Gr. daimoniko`s.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a demon or to demons; demoniac. "Demonic ambushes." Lowell.

DEMONISM De"mon*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. démonisme.]

Defn: The belief in demons or false gods. The established theology of the heathen world . . . rested upon the basis of demonism. Farmer.

DEMONIST De"mon*ist, n.

Defn: A believer in, or worshiper of, demons.

DEMONIZE De"mon*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demonized; p. pr. & vb. n. Demonizing.] Etym: [Cf. LL. daemonizare to be possessed by a demon, Gr.

1. To convert into a demon; to infuse the principles or fury of a demon into.

2. To control or possess by a demon.

DEMONOCRACY De`mon*oc"ra*cy, n. Etym: [Gr. dai`mwn demon + kra`tos strength: cf. F. démonocratie.]

Defn: The power or government of demons. A demonocracy of unclean spirits. H. Taylor.

DEMONOGRAPHER De`mon*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [Demon + -graph + -er.]

Defn: A demonologist. [R.] Am. Cyc.

DEMONOLATRY De`mon*ol"a*try, n. Etym: [Gr. dai`mwn demon + latrei`a worship, démonolâtrie.]

Defn: The worship of demons.

DEMONOLOGER De`mon*ol"o*ger, n.

Defn: One versed in demonology. R. North.

DEMONOLOGIC; DEMONOLOGICAL De`mon*o*log"ic, De`mon*o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. démonologique.]

Defn: Of or Pertaining to demonology.

DEMONOLOGIST De`mon*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who writes on, or is versed in, demonology.

DEMONOLOGY De`mon*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Demon + -logy: cf. F. démonologie.]

Defn: A treatise on demons; a supposititious science which treats of demons and their manifestations. Sir W. Scott.

DEMONOMAGY De`mon*om"a*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. dai`mwn demon + magic.]

Defn: Magic in which the aid of demons is invoked; black or infernal magic. Bp. Hurd.

DEMONOMANIA De*mon`o*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [Demon + mania.]

Defn: A form of madness in which the patient conceives himself possessed of devils.

DEMONOMIST De*mon"o*mist n.

Defn: One in subjection to a demon, or to demons. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

DEMONOMY De*mon"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The dominion of demons. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

DEMONRY De"mon*ry, n.

Defn: Demoniacal influence or possession. J. Baillie.

DEMONSHIP De"mon*ship, n.

Defn: The state of a demon. Mede.

DEMONSTRABILITY De*mon`stra*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrableness.

DEMONSTRABLE De*mon"stra*ble, a. Etym: [L. demonstrabilis: cf. OF. demonstrable, F. démontrable.]

1. Capable of being demonstrated; that can be proved beyond doubt or question. The grand articles of our belief are as demonstrable as geometry. Glanvill.

2. Proved; apparent. [Obs.] Shak.

DEMONSTRABLENESS De*mon"stra*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrability.

DEMONSTRABLY De*mon"stra*bly, adv.

Defn: In a demonstrable manner; incontrovertibly; clearly. Cases that demonstrably concerned the public cause. Clarendon.

DEMONSTRANCE De*mon"strance, n. Etym: [OF. demonstrance.]

Defn: Demonstration; proof. [Obs.] Holland.

DEMONSTRATE Dem"on*strate, v. t. Etym: [L. demonstratus, p. p. of demonstrare to demonstrate; de- + monstrare to show. See Monster.]

1. To point out; to show; to exhibit; to make evident. Shak.

2. To show, or make evident, by reasoning or proof; to prove by deduction; to establish so as to exclude the possibility of doubt or denial. We can not demonstrate these things so as to show that the contrary often involves a contradiction. Tillotson.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: To exhibit and explain (a dissection or other anatomical preparation).

DEMONSTRATER Dem"on*stra`ter, n.

Defn: See Demonstrator.

DEMONSTRATION Dem`on*stra"tion, n. Etym: [L. demonstratio: cf. F. démonstration.]

1. The act of demonstrating; an exhibition; proof; especially, proof beyond the possibility of doubt; indubitable evidence, to the senses or reason. Those intervening ideas which serve to show the agreement of any two others are called "proofs;" and where agreement or disagreement is by this means plainly and clearly perceived, it is called demonstration. Locke.

2. An expression, as of the feelings, by outward signs; a manifestation; a show. Did your letters pierce the queen to any demonstration of grief Shak. Loyal demonstrations toward the prince. Prescott.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The exhibition and explanation of a dissection or other anatomical preparation.

4. (Mil.) a decisive exhibition of force, or a movement indicating an attack.

5. (Logic)

Defn: The act of proving by the syllogistic process, or the proof itself.

6. (Math.)

Defn: A course of reasoning showing that a certain result is a necessary consequence of assumed premises; -- these premises being definitions, axioms, and previously established propositions. Direct, or Positive, demonstration (Logic & Math.), one in which the correct conclusion is the immediate sequence of reasoning from axiomatic or established premises; -- opposed to Indirect, or Negative, demonstration (called also reductio ad absurdum), in which the correct conclusion is an inference from the demonstration that any other hypothesis must be incorrect.

DEMONSTRATIVE De*mon"stra*tive, a. Etym: [F. démonstratif, L. demonstrativus.]

1. Having the nature of demonstration; tending to demonstrate; making evident; exhibiting clearly or conclusively. "Demonstrative figures." Dryden. An argument necessary and demonstrative. Hooker.

2. Expressing, or apt to express, much; displaying feeling or sentiment; as, her nature was demonstrative.

3. Consisting of eulogy or of invective. "Demonstrative eloquence." Blair. Demonstrative pronoun (Gram.), a pronoun distinctly designating that to which it refers.

DEMONSTRATIVE De*mon"stra*tive, n. (Gram.)

Defn: A demonstrative pronoun; as, "this" and "that" are demonstratives.

DEMONSTRATIVELY De*mon"stra*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner fitted to demonstrate; clearly; convincingly; forcibly.

DEMONSTRATIVENESS De*mon"stra*tive*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being demonstrative.

DEMONSTRATOR Dem"on*stra`tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. démonstrateur.]

1. One who demonstrates; one who proves anything with certainty, or establishes it by indubitable evidence.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A teacher of practical anatomy.

DEMONSTRATORY De*mon"stra*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to demonstrate; demonstrative. Johnson.

DEMORAGE De*mor"age (; 48), n.

Defn: Demurrage. [Obs.] Pepys (1663).

DEMORALIZATION De*mor`al*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. démoralisation.]

Defn: The act of corrupting or subverting morals. Especially: The act of corrupting or subverting discipline, courage, hope, etc., or the state of being corrupted or subverted in discipline, courage, etc.; as, the demoralization of an army or navy.

DEMORALIZE De*mor"al*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demoralized; p. pr. & vb. n. Demoralizing.] Etym: [F. démoraliser; pref. dé- (L. dis- or de) + moraliser. See Moralize.]

Defn: To corrupt or undermine in morals; to destroy or lessen the effect of moral principles on; to render corrupt or untrustworthy in morals, in discipline, in courage, spirit, etc.; to weaken in spirit or efficiency. The demoralizing example of profligate power and prosperous crime. Walsh. The vices of the nobility had demoralized the army. Bancroft.

DEMOSTHENIC Dem`os*then"ic, a. Etym: [L. Demosthenicus: cf. F. Démosthénique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or in the style of, Demosthenes, the Grecian orator.

DEMOTE De*mote", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Demoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Demoting.] [Pref. de- + mote, as in promote; cf. L. demovere to remove.]

Defn: To reduce to a lower grade, as in school.

DEMOTIC De*mot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. démotique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the people; popular; common. Demotic alphabet or character, a form of writing used in Egypt after six or seven centuries before Christ, for books, deeds, and other such writings; a simplified form of the hieratic character; -- called also epistolographic character, and enchorial character. See Enchorial.

DEMOTICS De*mot"ics, n.

Defn: The department of knowledge relative to the care and culture of the people; sociology in its broadest sense; -- in library cataloguing.

DEMOUNT De*mount", v. i.

Defn: To dismount. [R.]

DEMOUNTABLE De*mount"a*ble, [See De-; Mount.]

Defn: Capable of being dismounted; -- said of a form of rim, for an automobile wheel, which can be removed with its tire from the wheel.

DEMPNE Demp"ne v. t.

Defn: To damn; to condemn. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEMPSTER; DEMSTER Demp"ster, Dem"ster, n. Etym: [See Deemster.]

1. A deemster.

2. (O. Scots Law)

Defn: An officer whose duty it was to announce the doom or sentence pronounced by the court.

DEMULCE De*mulce", v. t. Etym: [L. demulcere; de- + mulcere to stroke, soothe.]

Defn: To soothe; to mollify; to pacify; to soften. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.

DEMULCENT De*mul"cent, a. Etym: [L. demulcens, p. pr. of demulcere.]

Defn: Softening; mollifying; soothing; assuasive; as, oil is demulcent.

DEMULCENT De*mul"cent, n. (Med.)

Defn: A substance, usually of a mucilaginous or oily nature, supposed to be capable of soothing an inflamed nervous membrane, or protecting i

DEMULSION De*mul"sion, n.

Defn: The act of soothing; that which soothes. Feltham.

DEMUR De*mur", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Demurred; p. pr. & vb. n. Demurring.] Etym: [OF. demurer, demorer, demourer, to linger, stay, F. demeurer, fr. L. demorari; de- + morari to delay, tarry, stay, mora delay; prob. originally, time for thinking, reflection, and akin to memor mindful. See Memory.]

1. To linger; to stay; to tarry. [Obs.] Yet durst not demur nor abide upon the camp. Nicols.

2. To delay; to pause; to suspend proceedings or judgment in view of a doubt or difficulty; to hesitate; to put off the determination or conclusion of an affair. Upon this rub, the English embassadors thought fit to demur. Hayward.

3. To scruple or object; to take exception; as, I demur to that statement.

4. (Law)

Defn: To interpose a demurrer. See Demurrer, 2.

DEMUR De*mur", v. t.

1. To suspend judgment concerning; to doubt of or hesitate about. [Obs.] The latter I demur, for in their looks Much reason, and in their

## actions, oft appears. Milton.

2. To cause delay to; to put off. [Obs.] He demands a fee, And then demurs me with a vain delay. Quarles.

DEMUR De*mur", n. Etym: [OF. demor, demore, stay, delay. See Demur, v. i.]

Defn: Stop; pause; hesitation as to proceeding; suspense of decision or action; scruple. All my demurs but double his attacks; At last he whispers, "Do; and we go snacks." Pope.

DEMURE De*mure", a. Etym: [Perh. from OF. de murs (i. e., de bonnes murs of good manners); de of + murs, mours, meurs, mors, F. m, fr. L. mores (sing. mos) manners, morals (see Moral); or more prob. fr. OF. meür, F. mûr mature, ripe (see Mature) in a phrase preceded by de, as de mûre conduite of mature conduct.]

1. Of sober or serious mien; composed and decorous in bearing; of modest look; staid; grave. Sober, steadfast, and demure. Milton. Nan was very much delighted in her demure way, and that delight showed itself in her face and in her clear bright eyes. W. Black.

2. Affectedly modest, decorous, or serious; making a show of gravity. A cat lay, and looked so demure, as if there had been neither life nor soul in her. L'Estrange. Miss Lizzy, I have no doubt, would be as demure and coquettish, as if ten winters more had gone over her head. Miss Mitford.

DEMURE De*mure", v. i.

Defn: To look demurely. [Obs.] Shak.

DEMURELY De*mure"ly, adv.

Defn: In a demure manner; soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with a mere show of gravity or modesty. They . . . looked as demurely as they could; for 't was a hanging matter to laugh unseasonably. Dryden.

DEMURENESS De*mure"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being demure; gravity; the show of gravity or modesty.

DEMURITY De*mur"i*ty, n.

Defn: Demureness; also, one who is demure. Sir T. Browne.

DEMURRABLE De*mur"ra*ble, a.

Defn: That may be demurred to. Stormonth.

DEMURRAGE De*mur"rage, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. demorage delay. See Demur.] (Law) (a) The detention of a vessel by the freighter beyond the time allowed in her charter party for loading, unloading, or sailing. (b) The allowance made to the master or owner of the ship for such delay or detention. The claim for demurrage ceases as soon as the ship is cleared out and ready for sailing. M`Culloch.

Note: The term is also applied to similar delays and allowances in land carriage, by wagons, railroads, etc.

DEMURRAL De*mur"ral, n.

Defn: Demur; delay in acting or deciding. The same causes of demurral existed which prevented British troops from assisting in the expulsion of the French from Rome. Southey.

DEMURRER De*mur"rer, n.

1. One who demurs.

2. (Law)

Defn: A stop or pause by a party to an action, for the judgment of the court on the question, whether, assuming the truth of the matter alleged by the opposite party, it is sufficient in law to sustain the

## action or defense, and hence whether the party resting is bound to

answer or proceed further. Demurrer to evidence, an exception taken by a party to the evidence offered by the opposite party, and an objecting to proceed further, on the allegation that such evidence is not sufficient in law to maintain the issue, and a reference to the court to determine the point. Bouvier.

DEMY De*my", n.; pl. Demies. Etym: [See Demi-.]

1. A printing and a writing paper of particular sizes. See under Paper.

2. A half fellow at Magdalen College, Oxford. [Written also demi.] He was elected into Magdalen College as a demy; a term by which that society denominates those elsewhere called "scholars," young men who partake of the founder's benefaction, and succeed in their order to vacant fellowships. Johnson.

DEMY De*my", a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or made of, the size of paper called demy; as, a demy book.

DEN Den, n. Etym: [AS. denn; perh. akin to G. tenne floor, thrashing floor, and to AS. denu valley.]

1. A small cavern or hollow place in the side of a hill, or among rocks; esp., a cave used by a wild beast for shelter or concealment; as, a lion's den; a den of robbers.

2. A squalid place of resort; a wretched dwelling place; a haunt; as, a den of vice. "Those squalid dens, which are the reproach of great capitals." Addison.

3. Any snug or close retreat where one goes to be alone. [Colloq.]

4. Etym: [AS. denu.]

Defn: A narrow glen; a ravine; a dell. [Old Eng. & Scotch] Shak.

DEN Den, v. i.

Defn: To live in, or as in, a den. The sluggish salvages that den below. G. Fletcher.

DENARCOTIZE De*nar"co*tize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of narcotine; as, to denarcotize opium. -- De*nar`co*ti*za"tion, n.

DENARIUS De*na"ri*us, n.; pl. Denarii. Etym: [L. See 2d Denier.]

Defn: A Roman silver coin of the value of about fourteen cents; the "penny" of the New Testament; -- so called from being worth originally ten of the pieces called as.

DENARY Den"a*ry, a. Etym: [L. denarius. See 2d Denier.]

Defn: Containing ten; tenfold; proceeding by tens; as, the denary, or decimal, scale.

DENARY Den"a*ry, n.

1. The number ten; a division into ten.

2. A coin; the Anglicized form of denarius. Udall.

DENATIONALIZATION De*na`tion*al*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dénationalisation.]

Defn: The or process of denationalizing.

DENATIONALIZE De*na"tion*al*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Denationalized; p. pr. & vb. n. Denationalizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. dénationaliser.]

Defn: To divest or deprive of national character or rights. Bonaparte's decree denationalizes, as he calls it, all ships that have touched at a British port. Cobbett. An expatriated, denationalized race. G. Eliot.

DENATURALIZE De*nat"u*ral*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Denaturalized; p. pr. & vb. n. Denaturalizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. dénaturaliser.]

1. To render unnatural; to alienate from nature.

2. To renounce the natural rights and duties of; to deprive of citizenship; to denationalize. [R.] They also claimed the privilege, when aggrieved, of denaturalizing themselves, or, in other words, of publicly renouncing their allegiance to their sovereign, and of enlisting under the banners of his enemy. Prescott.

DENATURE De*na"ture, v. t. [De- + nature.]

Defn: To deprive of its natural qualities; change the nature of.

DENAY De*nay", v. t. Etym: [See Deny.]

Defn: To deny. [Obs.] That with great rage he stoutly doth denay. Spenser.

DENAY De*nay", n.

Defn: Denial; refusal. [Obs.] Shak.

DENDRACHATE Den"dra*chate, n. Etym: [L. dendrachates; Gr. dendrachate, dendragate.] (Min.)

Defn: Arborescent or dendritic agate.

DENDRIFORM Den"dri*form, a. Etym: [Gr. -form.]

Defn: Resembling in structure a tree or shrub.

DENDRITE Den"drite, n. Etym: [Gr. dendrite.] (Min.)

Defn: A stone or mineral on or in which are branching figures resembling shrubs or trees, produced by a foreign mineral, usually an oxide of manganese, as in the moss agate; also, a crystallized mineral having an arborescent form, e. g., gold or silver; an arborization.

DENDRITIC; DENDRITICAL Den*drit"ic, Den*drit"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a dendrite, or to arborescent crystallization; having a form resembling a shrub or tree; arborescent.

DENDROCOELA Den`dro*c, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of the Turbellaria in which the digestive cavity gives off lateral branches, which are often divided into smaller branchlets.

DENDROID; DENDROIDAL Den"droid, Den*droid"al, a. Etym: [Gr. dendroïde.]

Defn: Resembling a shrub or tree in form; treelike.

DENDROLITE Den"dro*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite: cf. F. dendrolithe.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A petrified or fossil shrub, plant, or part of a plant.

DENDROLOGIST Den*drol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in the natural history of trees.

DENDROLOGOUS Den*drol"o*gous, a.

Defn: Relating to dendrology.

DENDROLOGY Den*drol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. dendrologie.]

Defn: A discourse or treatise on trees; the natural history of trees.

DENDROMETER Den*drom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. dendromètre.]

Defn: An instrument to measure the height and diameter of trees.

DENEGATE Den"e*gate, v. t. Etym: [L. denegatus, p. p. of denegare. See Deny.]

Defn: To deny. [Obs.]

DENEGATION Den`e*ga"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dénégation.]

Defn: Denial. [Obs.]

DENGUE Den"gue, n. Etym: [See Note, below.] (Med.)

Defn: A specific epidemic disease attended with high fever, cutaneous eruption, and severe pains in the head and limbs, resembling those of rheumatism; -- called also breakbone fever. It occurs in India, Egypt, the West Indies, etc., is of short duration, and rarely fatal.

Note: This disease, when it first appeared in the British West India Islands, was called the dandy fever, from the stiffness and constraint which it grave to the limbs and body. The Spaniards of the neighboring islands mistook the term for their word dengue, denoting prudery, which might also well express stiffness, and hence the term dengue became, as last, the name of the disease. Tully.

DENIABLE De*ni"a*ble, a. Etym: [See Deny.]

Defn: Capable of being, or liable to be, denied.

DENIAL De*ni"al, n. Etym: [See Deny.]

1. The act of gainsaying, refusing, or disowning; negation; -- the contrary of affirmation. You ought to converse with so much sincerity that your bare affirmation or denial may be sufficient. Bp. Stillingfleet.

2. A refusal to admit the truth of a statement, charge, imputation, etc.; assertion of the untruth of a thing stated or maintained; a contradiction.

3. A refusal to grant; rejection of a request. The commissioners, . . . to obtain from the king's subjects as much as they would willingly give, . . . had not to complain of many peremptory denials. Hallam.

4. A refusal to acknowledge; disclaimer of connection with; disavowal; -- the contrary of confession; as, the denial of a fault charged on one; a denial of God. Denial of one's self, a declining of some gratification; restraint of one's appetites or propensities; self-denial.

DENIANCE De*ni"ance, n.

Defn: Denial. [Obs.] E. Hall.

DENIER De*ni"er, n.

Defn: One who denies; as, a denier of a fact, or of the faith, or of Christ.

DENIER De*nier", n. Etym: [F. denier, fr. L. denarius a Roman silver coin orig. equiv. to ten asses, later, a copper, fr. deni ten by ten, fr. the root of decem ten; akin to E. ten. See Ten, and cf. Denary, Dinar.]

Defn: A small copper coin of insignificant value. My dukedom to a beggarly denier. Shak.

DENIGRATE Den"i*grate, v. t. Etym: [L. denigrare; de- + nigrare to blacken, niger black.]

1. To blacken thoroughly; to make very black. Boyle.

2. Fig.: To blacken or sully; to defame. [R.] To denigrate the memory of Voltaire. Morley.

DENIGRATION Den`i*gra"tion, n. Etym: [L. denigratio.]

1. The act of making black. Boyle.

2. Fig.: A blackening; defamation. The vigorous denigration of science. Morley.

DENIGRATOR Den"i*gra`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, blackens.

DENIM Den"im, n. Etym: [Of uncertain origin.]

Defn: A coarse cotton drilling used for overalls, etc.

DENITRATION Den`i*tra"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. de- + nitrate.]

Defn: A disengaging, or removal, of nitric acid.

DENITRIFICATION De*ni`tri*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of freeing from nitrogen; also, the condition resulting from the removal of nitrogen.

DENITRIFY De*ni"tri*fy, v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + nitrogen + -fy.]

Defn: To deprive of, or free from, nitrogen.

DENIZATION Den`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of making one a denizen or adopted citizen; naturalization. Hallam.

DENIZE De*nize", v. t.

Defn: To make a denizen; to confer the rights of citizenship upon; to naturalize. [Obs.] There was a private act made for denizing the children of Richard HillStrype.

DENIZEN Den"i*zen, n. Etym: [OF. denzein, deinzein, prop., one living (a city or country); opposed to forain foreign, and fr. denz within, F. dans, fr. L. de intus, prop., from within, intus being from in in. See In, and cf. Foreign.]

1. A dweller; an inhabitant. "Denizens of air." Pope. Denizens of their own free, independent state. Sir W. Scott.

2. One who is admitted by favor to all or a part of the rights of citizenship, where he did not possess them by birth; an adopted or naturalized citizen.

3. One admitted to residence in a foreign country. Ye gods, Natives, or denizens, of blest abodes. Dryden.

DENIZEN Den"i*zen, v. t.

1. To constitute (one) a denizen; to admit to residence, with certain rights and privileges. As soon as denizened, they domineer. Dryden.

2. To provide with denizens; to populate with adopted or naturalized occupants. There [islets] were at once denizened by various weeds. J. D. Hooker.

DENIZENATION Den`i*zen*a"tion, n.

Defn: Denization; denizening. Abbott.

DENIZENIZE Den"i*zen*ize, v. t.

Defn: To constitute (one) a denizen; to denizen. Abbott.

DENIZENSHIP Den"i*zen*ship, n.

Defn: State of being a denizen.

DENMARK SATIN Den"mark sat"in.

Defn: See under Satin.

DENNET Den"net, n.

Defn: A light, open, two-wheeled carriage for one horse; a kind of gig. ("The term and vehicle common about 1825." Latham.)

DENOMINABLE De*nom"i*na*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being denominated or named. Sir T. Browne.

DENOMINATE De*nom"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Denominated; p. pr. & vb. n. Denominating.] Etym: [L. denominatus, p. p. of denominare to name; de- + nominare to call by name. See Nominate.]

Defn: To give a name to; to characterize by an epithet; to entitle; to name; to designate. Passions commonly denominating selfish. Hume.

DENOMINATE De*nom"i*nate, a. Etym: [L. denominatus, p. p.]

Defn: Having a specific name or denomination; specified in the concrete as opposed to abstract; thus, 7 feet is a denominate quantity, while 7 is mere abstract quantity or number. See Compound number, under Compound.

DENOMINATION De*nom`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. denominatio metonymy: cf. F. dénomination a naming.]

1. The act of naming or designating.

2. That by which anything is denominated or styled; an epithet; a name, designation, or title; especially, a general name indicating a class of like individuals; a category; as, the denomination of units, or of thousands, or of fourths, or of shillings, or of tons. Those [qualities] which are classed under the denomination of sublime. Burke.

3. A class, or society of individuals, called by the same name; a sect; as, a denomination of Christians.

Syn. -- Name; appellation; title. See Name.

DENOMINATIONAL De*nom`i*na"tion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a denomination, especially to a sect or society. "Denominational differences." Buckle.

DENOMINATIONALISM De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ism, n.

Defn: A denominational or class spirit or policy; devotion to the interests of a sect or denomination.

DENOMINATIONALIST De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ist, n.

Defn: One imbued with a denominational spirit. The Century.

DENOMINATIONALLY De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a denominational manner; by denomination or sect.

DENOMINATIVE De*nom`i*na"tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dénominatif.]

1. Conferring a denomination or name.

2. (Logic)

Defn: Connotative; as, a denominative name.

3. Possessing, or capable of possessing, a distinct denomination or designation; denominable. The least denominative part of time is a minute. Cocker.

4. (Gram.)

Defn: Derived from a substantive or an adjective; as, a denominative verb.

DENOMINATIVE De*nom`i*na"tive, n.

Defn: A denominative name or term; denominative verb. Jer. Taylor. Harkness.

DENOMINATIVELY De*nom`i*na"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: By denomination.

DENOMINATOR De*nom"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dénominateur.]

1. One who, or that which, gives a name; origin or source of a name. This opinion that Aram . . . was the father and denomination of the Syrians in general. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. (Arith.)

Defn: That number placed below the line in vulgar fractions which shows into how many parts the integer or unit is divided.

Note: Thus, in denominator, showing that the integer is divided into five parts; and the numerator, 3, shows how many parts are taken.

3. (Alg.)

Defn: That part of any expression under a fractional form which is situated below the horizontal line signifying division.

Note: In this sense, the denominator is not necessarily a number, but may be any expression, either positive or negative, real or imaginary. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. )

DENOTABLE De*not"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Denote.]

Defn: Capable of being denoted or marked. Sir T. Browne.

DENOTATE De*no"tate, v. t. Etym: [L. denotatus, p. p. of denotare.]

Defn: To mark off; to denote. [Archaic] These terms denotate a longer time. Burton. What things should be denotated and signified by the color. Urquhart.

DENOTATION De`no*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. denotatio: cf. F. dénotation.]

Defn: The marking off or separation of anything. Hammond.

DENOTATIVE De*not"a*tive, a.

Defn: Having power to denote; designating or marking off. Proper names are preëminently denotative; telling us that such as object has such a term to denote it, but telling us nothing as to any single attribute. Latham.

DENOTE De*note", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Denoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Denoting.] Etym: [L. denotare; de- + notare to mark, nota mark, sign, note: cf. F. dénoter. See Note.]

1. To mark out plainly; to signify by a visible sign; to serve as the sign or name of; to indicate; to point out; as, the hands of the clock denote the hour. The better to denote her to the doctor. Shak.

2. To be the sign of; to betoken; to signify; to mean. A general expression to denote wickedness of every sort. Gilpin.

DENOTEMENT De*note"ment, n.

Defn: Sign; indication. [R.]

Note: A word found in some editions of Shakespeare.

DENOTIVE De*not"ive, a.

Defn: Serving to denote.

DENOUEMENT Dé`noue`ment", n. Etym: [F. dénouement, fr. dénouer to untie; pref. dé- (L. dis-) + nouer to tie, fr. L. nodus knot, perh. for gnodus and akin to E. knot.]

1. The unraveling or discovery of a plot; the catastrophe, especially of a drama or a romance.

2. The solution of a mystery; issue; outcome.

DENOUNCE De*nounce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Denounced; p. pr. & vb. n. Denouncing.] Etym: [F. dénoncer, OF. denoncier, fr. L. denuntiare, denunciare; de- + nunciare, nuntiare, to announce, report, nuntius a messenger, message. See Nuncio, and cf. Denunciate.]

1. To make known in a solemn or official manner; to declare; to proclaim (especially an evil). [Obs.] Denouncing wrath to come. Milton. I denounce unto you this day, that ye shall surely perish. Deut. xxx. 18.

2. To proclaim in a threatening manner; to threaten by some outward sign or expression. His look denounced desperate. Milton.

3. To point out as deserving of reprehension or punishment, etc.; to accuse in a threatening manner; to invoke censure upon; to stigmatize. Denounced for a heretic. Sir T. More. To denounce the immoralities of Julius Cæsar. Brougham.

DENOUNCEMENT De*nounce"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. denoncement.]

Defn: Solemn, official, or menacing announcement; denunciation. [Archaic] False is the reply of Cain, upon the denouncement of his curse. Sir T. Browne.

DENOUNCER De*noun"cer n.

Defn: One who denounces, or declares, as a menace. Here comes the sad denouncer of my fate. Dryden.

DENSE Dense, a. Etym: [L. densus; akin to Gr. dense.]

1. Having the constituent parts massed or crowded together; close; compact; thick; containing much matter in a small space; heavy; opaque; as, a dense crowd; a dense forest; a dense fog. All sorts of bodies, firm and fluid, dense and rare. Ray. To replace the cloudy barrier dense. Cowper.

2. Stupid; gross; crass; as, dense ignorance.

DENSELY Dense"ly, adv.

Defn: In a dense, compact manner.

DENSENESS Dense"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dense; density.

DENSIMETER Den*sim"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. densus dense + -meter: cf. F. densimètre.]

Defn: An instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity or density of a substance.

DENSITY Den"si*ty, n. Etym: [L. densitas; cf. F. densité.]

1. The quality of being dense, close, or thick; compactness; -- opposed to rarity.

2. (Physics)

Defn: The ratio of mass, or quantity of matter, to bulk or volume, esp. as compared with the mass and volume of a portion of some substance used as a standard.

Note: For gases the standard substance is hydrogen, at a temperature of 0º Centigrade and a pressure of 760 millimeters. For liquids and solids the standard is water at a temperature of 4º Centigrade. The density of solids and liquids is usually called specific gravity, and the same is true of gases when referred to air as a standard.

3. (Photog.)

Defn: Depth of shade. Abney.

DENT Dent, n. Etym: [A variant of Dint.]

1. A stroke; a blow. [Obs.] "That dent of thunder." Chaucer.

2. A slight depression, or small notch or hollow, made by a blow or by pressure; an indentation. A blow that would have made a dent in a pound of butter. De Quincey.

DENT Dent, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dented; p. pr. & vb. n. Denting.]

Defn: To make a dent upon; to indent. The houses dented with bullets. Macaulay.

DENT Dent, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. dens, dentis, tooth. See Tooth.] (Mach.)

Defn: A tooth, as of a card, a gear wheel, etc. Knight.

DENTAL Den"tal, a. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F. dental. See Tooth.]

1. Of or pertaining to the teeth or to dentistry; as, dental surgery.

2. (Phon.)

Defn: Formed by the aid of the teeth; -- said of certain articulations and the letters representing them; as, d t are dental letters. Dental formula (Zoöl.), a brief notation used by zoölogists to denote the number and kind of teeth of a mammal. -- Dental surgeon, a dentist.

DENTAL Den"tal, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dentale. See Dental, a.]

1. An articulation or letter formed by the aid of the teeth.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A marine mollusk of the genus Dentalium, with a curved conical shell resembling a tooth. See Dentalium.

DENTALISM Den"tal*ism, n.

Defn: The quality of being formed by the aid of the teeth.

DENTALIUM Den*ta"li*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. dens, dentis, tooth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of marine mollusks belonging to the Scaphopoda, having a tubular conical shell.

DENTARY Den"ta*ry, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or bearing, teeth. -- n.

Defn: The distal bone of the lower jaw in many animals, which may or may not bear teeth.

DENTATE; DENTATED Den"tate, Den"ta*ted, a. Etym: [L. dentatus, fr. dens, dentis, tooth.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Toothed; especially, with the teeth projecting straight out, not pointed either forward or backward; as, a dentate leaf.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having teeth or toothlike points. See Illust. of Antennæ.

DENTATE-CILIATE Den"tate-cil"i*ate, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the margin dentate and also ciliate or fringed with hairs.

DENTATELY Den"tate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dentate or toothed manner; as, dentately ciliated, etc.

DENTATE-SINUATE Den"tate-sin"u*ate, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a form intermediate between dentate and sinuate.

DENTATION Den*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Formation of teeth; toothed form. [R.] How did it [a bill] get its barb, its dentation Paley.

DENTED Dent"ed, a. Etym: [From Dent, v. t.]

Defn: Indented; impressed with little hollows.

DENTEL Dent"el, n.

Defn: Same as Dentil.

DENTELLE Den*telle", n. Etym: [F.] (Bookbinding)

Defn: An ornamental tooling like lace. Knight.

DENTELLI Den*tel"li, n. pl. Etym: [It., sing. dentello, prop., little tooth, dim. of dente tooth, L. dens, dentis. Cf. Dentil.]

Defn: Modillions. Spectator.

DENTEX Den"tex, n. Etym: [NL., cf. L. dentix a sort of sea fish.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An edible European marine fish (Sparus dentex, or Dentex vulgaris) of the family Percidæ.

DENTICETE Den`ti*ce"te, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. dens, dentis, tooth + cetus, pl. cete, whale, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of Cetacea in which the teeth are developed, including the sperm whale, dolphins, etc.

DENTICLE Den"ti*cle, n. Etym: [L. denticulus a little tooth, dim. of dens, dentis, tooth. See Dental, and cf. Dentelli.]

Defn: A small tooth or projecting point.

DENTICULATE; DENTICULATED Den*tic"u*late, Den*tic"u*la`ted, a. Etym: [L. denticulatus, fr. denticulus. See Denticle.]

Defn: Furnished with denticles; notched into little toothlike projections; as, a denticulate leaf of calyx. -- Den*tic"u*late*ly, adv.

DENTICULATION Den*tic`u*la"tion, n.

1. The state of being set with small notches or teeth. Grew.

2. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: A diminutive tooth; a denticle.

DENTIFEROUS Den*tif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + -ferous.]

Defn: Bearing teeth; dentigerous.

DENTIFORM Den"ti*form, a. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + -form: cf. F. dentiforme.]

Defn: Having the form of a tooth or of teeth; tooth-shaped.

DENTIFRICE Den"ti*frice, n. Etym: [L. dentifricium; dens, dentis, tooth + fricare to rub: cf. F. dentifrice. See Tooth, and Friction.]

Defn: A powder or other substance to be used in cleaning the teeth; tooth powder.

DENTIGEROUS Den*tig"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + -gerous.]

Defn: Bearing teeth or toothlike structures.

DENTIL Den"til, n. Etym: [LL. dentillus, for L. denticulus. Cf. Dentelli, Denticle, Dentile.] (Arch.)

Defn: A small square block or projection in cornices, a number of which are ranged in an ornamental band; -- used particularly in the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite orders.

DENTILABIAL Den`ti*la"bi*al, a.

Defn: Formed by the teeth and the lips, or representing a sound so formed. -- n.

Defn: A dentilabial sound or letter.

DENTILATED Den"ti*la`ted, a.

Defn: Toothed.

DENTILATION Den`ti*la"tion, n.

Defn: Dentition.

DENTILAVE Den"ti*lave, n. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + lavare to wash.]

Defn: A wash for cleaning the teeth.

DENTILE Den"tile, n. Etym: [LL. dentillus, for L. denticulus. See Dentil.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small tooth, like that of a saw.

DENTILINGUAL Den`ti*lin"gual, a. Etym: [L. dens tooth + E. lingual.]

Defn: Produced by applying the tongue to the teeth or to the gums; or representing a sound so formed. -- n.

Defn: A dentilingual sound or letter. The letters of this fourth, dentilingual or linguidental, class, viz., d, t, s, z, l, r. Am. Cyc.

DENTILOQUIST Den*til"o*quist, n.

Defn: One who speaks through the teeth, that is, with the teeth closed.

DENTILOQUY Den*til"o*quy, n. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + loqui to speak.]

Defn: The habit or practice of speaking through the teeth, or with them closed.

DENTINAL Den"ti*nal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to dentine.

DENTINE Den"tine, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dentine.] (Anat.)

Defn: The dense calcified substance of which teeth are largely composed. It contains less animal matter than bone, and in the teeth of man is situated beneath the enamel.

DENTIPHONE Den"ti*phone, n. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + Gr.

Defn: An instrument which, placed against the teeth, conveys sound to the auditory nerve; an audiphone. Knight.

DENTIROSTER Den`ti*ros"ter, n.; pl. Dentirostres. Etym: [NL., fr. L. dens, dentis, tooth + rostrum bill, beak: cf. F. dentirostre.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dentirostral bird.

DENTIROSTRAL Den`ti*ros"tral, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a toothed bill; -- applied to a group of passerine birds, having the bill notched, and feeding chiefly on insects, as the shrikes and vireos. See Illust. (N) under Beak.

DENTIROSTRATE Den`ti*ros"trate, a.

Defn: Dentirostral.

DENTISCALP Den"ti*scalp, n. Etym: [L. dens tooth + scalpere to scrape.]

Defn: An instrument for scraping the teeth.

DENTIST Den"tist, n. Etym: [From L. dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F. dentiste. See Tooth.]

Defn: One whose business it is to clean, extract, or repair natural teeth, and to make and insert artificial ones; a dental surgeon.

DENTISTIC; DENTISTICAL Den*tis"tic, Den*tis"ti*cal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to dentistry or to dentists. [R.]

DENTISTRY Den"tist*ry, n.

Defn: The art or profession of a dentist; dental surgery.

DENTITION Den*ti"tion, n. Etym: [L. dentitio, fr. dentire to cut teeth, fr. dens, dentis, tooth. See Dentist.]

1. The development and cutting of teeth; teething.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The system of teeth peculiar to an animal.

DENTIZE Den"tize, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Dentized; p. pr. & vb. n. Dentizing.] Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth.]

Defn: To breed or cut new teeth. [R.] The old countess . . . did dentize twice or thrice. Bacon.

DENTOID Den"toid, a. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth + -oid.]

Defn: Shaped like a tooth; tooth-shaped.

DENTOLINGUAL Den`to*lin"gual, a.

Defn: Dentilingual.

DENTURE Den"ture, n. Etym: [L. dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F. denture, OF. denteure.] (Dentistry)

Defn: An artificial tooth, block, or set of teeth.

DENUDATE De*nud"ate, v. t. Etym: [L. denudatus, p. p. of denudare. See Denude.]

Defn: To denude. [Obs. or R.]

DENUDATION Den`u*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. denudatio: cf. F. dénudation.]

1. The act of stripping off covering, or removing the surface; a making bare.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: The laying bare of rocks by the washing away of the overlying earth, etc.; or the excavation and removal of them by the action of running water.

DENUDE De*nude", v. t. Etym: [L. denudare; de- + nudare to make naked or bare, nudus naked. See Nude.]

Defn: To divest of all covering; to make bare or naked; to strip; to divest; as, to denude one of clothing, or lands.

DENUNCIATE De*nun"ci*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. denuntiatus, denunciatus, p. p. of denuntiare, -ciare. See Denounce.]

Defn: To denounce; to condemn publicly or solemnly. [R.] To denunciate this new work. Burke.

DENUNCIATION De*nun`ci*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. denuntiatio, -ciatio.]

1. Proclamation; announcement; a publishing. [Obs.] Public . . . denunciation of banns before marriage. Bp. Hall.

2. The act of denouncing; public menace or accusation; the act of inveighing against, stigmatizing, or publicly arraigning; arraignment.

3. That by which anything is denounced; threat of evil; public menace or accusation; arraignment. Uttering bold denunciations of ecclesiastical error. Motley.

DENUNCIATIVE De*nun"ci*a*tive, a. Etym: [L. denuntiativus, -ciativus, monitory.]

Defn: Same as Denunciatory. Farrar.

DENUNCIATOR De*nun"ci*a`tor, n. Etym: [L. denuntiator, -ciator, a police officer.]

Defn: One who denounces, publishes, or proclaims, especially intended or coming evil; one who threatens or accuses.

DENUNCIATORY De*nun"ci*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Characterized by or containing a denunciation; minatory; accusing; threatening; as, severe and denunciatory language.

DENUTRITION De`nu*tri"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The opposition of nutrition; the failure of nutrition causing the breaking down of tissue.

DENY De*ny", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Denied; p. pr. & vb. n. Denying.] Etym: [OE. denien, denaien, OF. denier, deneer, F. dénier, fr. L. denegare; de- + negare to say no, deny. See Negation.]

1. To declare not to be true; to gainsay; to contradict; -- opposed to affirm, allow, or admit.

Note: We deny what another says, or we deny the truth of an assertion, the force of it, or the assertion itself.

2. To refuse (to do something or to accept something); to reject; to decline; to renounce. [Obs.] "If you deny to dance." Shak.

3. To refuse to grant; to withhold; to refuse to gratify or yield to; as, to deny a request. Who finds not Providence all good and wise, Alike in what it gives, and what denies Pope. To some men, it is more agreeable to deny a vicious inclination, than to gratify it. J. Edwards.

4. To disclaim connection with, responsibility for, and the like; to refuse to acknowledge; to disown; to abjure; to disavow. The falsehood of denying his opinion. Bancroft. Thou thrice denied, yet thrice beloved. Keble. To deny one's self, to decline the gratification of appetites or desires; to practice self-denial. Let him deny himself, and take up his cross. Matt. xvi. 24.

DENY De*ny", v. i.

Defn: To answer in Then Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she was afraid. Gen. xviii. 15.

DENYINGLY De*ny"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of one denies a request. Tennyson.

DEOBSTRUCT De`ob*struct", v. t.

Defn: To remove obstructions or impediments in; to clear from anything that hinders the passage of fluids; as, to deobstruct the pores or lacteals. Arbuthnot.

DEOBSTRUENT De*ob"stru*ent, a. (Med.)

Defn: Removing obstructions; having power to clear or open the natural ducts of the fluids and secretions of the body; aperient. -- n.

Defn: (Med.) A medicine which removes obstructions; an aperient.

DEODAND De"o*dand`, n. Etym: [LL. deodandum, fr. L. Deo dandum to be given to God.] (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: A personal chattel which had caused the death of a person, and for that reason was given to God, that is, forfeited to the crown, to be applied to pious uses, and distributed in alms by the high almoner. Thus, if a cart ran over a man and killed him, it was forfeited as a deodand.

Note: Deodands are unknown in American law, and in 1846 were abolished in England.

DEODAR De`o*dar", n. Etym: [Native name, fr. Skr. d, prop., timber of the gods.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of cedar (Cedrus Deodara), growing in India, highly valued for its size and beauty as well as for its timber, and also grown in England as an ornamental tree.

DEODATE De"o*date`, n. Etym: [L. Deo to God (Deus God) + datum thing given.]

Defn: A gift or offering to God. [Obs.] Wherein that blessed widow's deodate was laid up. Hooker.

DEODORANT De*o"dor*ant, n.

Defn: A deodorizer.

DEODORIZATION De*o`dor*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of depriving of odor, especially of offensive odors resulting from impurities.

DEODORIZE De*o"dor*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of odor, especially of such as results from impurities.

DEODORIZER De*o"dor*i`zer, n.

Defn: He who, or that which, deodorizes; esp., an agent that destroys offensive odors.

DEONERATE De*on"er*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. deoneratus, p. p. of deonerare. See Onerate.]

Defn: To unload; to disburden. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEONTOLOGICAL De*on`to*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to deontology.

DEONTOLOGIST De`on*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in deontology.

DEONTOLOGY De`on*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The science relat J. Bentham.

DEOPERCULATE De`o*per"cu*late, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the lid removed; -- said of the capsules of mosses.

DEOPPILATE De*op"pi*late, v. t.

Defn: To free from obstructions; to clear a passage through. [Obs.] Boyle.

DEOPPILATION De*op`pi*la"tion, n.

Defn: Removal of whatever stops up the passages. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DEOPPILATIVE De*op"pi*la*tive, a. & n. (Med.)

Defn: Deobstruent; aperient. [Obs.] Harvey.

DEORDINATION De*or`di*na"tion, n. Etym: [LL. deordinatio depraved morality.]

Defn: Disorder; dissoluteness. [Obs.] Excess of rideordination. Jer. Taylor.

DEOSCULATE De*os"cu*late, v. t. Etym: [L. deosculatus, p. p. of deosculari. See Osculate.]

Defn: To kiss warmly. [Obs.] -- De*os`cu*la"tion, n. [Obs.]

DEOXIDATE De*ox"i*date, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deoxidize.

DEOXIDATION De*ox`i*da"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of reducing from the state of an oxide.

DEOXIDIZATION De*ox`i*di*za"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Deoxidation.

DEOXIDIZE De*ox"i*dize, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deprive of oxygen; to reduce from the state of an oxide.

DEOXIDIZER De*ox"i*di`zer, n. (Chem.)

Defn: That which removes oxygen; hence, a reducing agent; as, nascent hydrogen is a deoxidizer.

DEOXYGENATE De*ox"y*gen*ate, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deoxidize. [Obs.]

DEOXYGENATION De*ox`y*gen*a"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or operation of depriving of oxygen.

DEOXYGENIZE De*ox"y*gen*ize, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deoxidize.

DEPAINT De*paint", p. p. Etym: [F. dépeint, p. p. of dépeindre to paint, fr. L. depingere. See Depict, p. p.]

Defn: Painted. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEPAINT De*paint", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depainted; p. pr. & vb. n. Depainting.]

1. To paint; to picture; hence, to describe; to delineate in words; to depict. [Obs.] And do unwilling worship to the saint That on his shield depainted he did see. Spenser. In few words shall see the nature of many memorable persons . . . depainted. Holland.

2. To mark with, or as with, color; to color. Silver drops her vermeil cheeks depaint. Fairfax.

DEPAINTER De*paint"er n.

Defn: One who depaints. [Obs.]

DEPARDIEUX De*par"dieux`, interj. Etym: [OF., a corruption of de part Dieu, lit., on the part of God.]

Defn: In God's name; certainly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEPART De*part", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Departed; p. pr. & vb. n. Departing.] Etym: [OE. departen to divide, part, depart, F. départir to divide, distribute, se départir to separate one's self, depart; pref. dé- (L. de) + partir to part, depart, fr. L. partire, partiri, to divide, fr. pars part. See Part.]

1. To part; to divide; to separate. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To go forth or away; to quit, leave, or separate, as from a place or a person; to withdraw; -- opposed to arrive; -- often with from before the place, person, or thing left, and for or to before the destination. I will depart to mine own land. Num. x. 30. Ere thou from hence depart. Milton. He which hath no stomach to this fight, Let him depart. Shak.

3. To forsake; to abandon; to desist or deviate (from); not to adhere to; -- with from; as, we can not depart from our rules; to depart from a title or defense in legal pleading. If the plan of the convention be found to depart from republican principles. Madison.

4. To pass away; to perish. The glory is departed from Israel. 1 Sam. iv. 21.

5. To quit this world; to die. Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace. Luke ii. 29. To depart with, to resign; to part with. [Obs.] Shak.

DEPART De*part", v. t.

1. To part thoroughly; to dispart; to divide; to separate. [Obs.] Till death departed them, this life they lead. Chaucer.

2. To divide in order to share; to apportion. [Obs.] And here is gold, and that full great plentee, That shall departed been among us three. Chaucer.

3. To leave; to depart from. "He departed this life." Addison. "Ere I depart his house." Shak.

DEPART De*part", n. Etym: [Cf. F. départ, fr. départir.]

1. Division; separation, as of compound substances into their ingredients. [Obs.] The chymists have a liquor called water of depart. Bacon.

2. A going away; departure; hence, death. [Obs.] At my depart for France. Shak. Your loss and his depart. Shak.

DEPARTABLE De*part"a*ble, a.

Defn: Divisible. [Obs.] Bacon.

DEPARTER De*part"er, n.

1. One who refines metals by separation. [Obs.]

2. One who departs.

DEPARTMENT De*part"ment, n. Etym: [F. département, fr. départir. See Depart, v. i.]

1. Act of departing; departure. [Obs.] Sudden departments from one extreme to another. Wotton.

2. A part, portion, or subdivision.

3. A distinct course of life, action, study, or the like; appointed sphere or walk; province. Superior to Pope in Pope's own peculiar department of literature. Macaulay.

4. Subdivision of business or official duty; especially, one of the principal divisions of executive government; as, the treasury department; the war department; also, in a university, one of the divisions of instructions; as, the medical department; the department of physics.

5. A territorial division; a district; esp., in France, one of the districts composed of several arrondissements into which the country is divided for governmental purposes; as, the Department of the Loire.

6. A military subdivision of a country; as, the Department of the Potomac.

DEPARTMENTAL De`part*men"tal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a department or division. Burke.

DEPARTMENT STORE De*part"ment store.

Defn: A store keeping a great variety of goods which are arranged in several departments, esp. one with dry goods as the principal stock.

DEPARTURE De*par"ture, n. Etym: [From Depart.]

1. Division; separation; putting away. [Obs.] No other remedy . . . but absolute departure. Milton.

2. Separation or removal from a place; the act or process of departing or going away. Departure from this happy place. Milton.

3. Removal from the present life; death; decease. The time of my departure is at hand. 2 Tim. iv. 6. His timely departure . . . barred him from the knowledge of his son's miseries. Sir P. Sidney.

4. Deviation or abandonment, as from or of a rule or course of

## action, a plan, or a purpose.

Any departure from a national standard. Prescott.

5. (Law)

Defn: The desertion by a party to any pleading of the ground taken by him in his last antecedent pleading, and the adoption of another. Bouvier.

6. (Nav. & Surv.)

Defn: The distance due east or west which a person or ship passes over in going along an oblique line.

Note: Since the meridians sensibly converge, the departure in navigation is not measured from the beginning nor from the end of the ship's course, but is regarded as the total easting or westing made by the ship or person as he travels over the course. To take a departure (Nav. & Surv.), to ascertain, usually by taking bearings from a landmark, the position of a vessel at the beginning of a voyage as a point from which to begin her dead reckoning; as, the ship took her departure from Sandy Hook.

Syn. -- Death; demise; release. See Death.

DEPASCENT De*pas"cent, a. Etym: [L. depascens, p. pr. of depascere; de- + pascere to feed.]

Defn: Feeding. [R.]

DEPASTURE De*pas"ture, v. t. & i.

Defn: To pasture; to feed; to graze; also, to use for pasture. [R.] Cattle, to graze and departure in his grounds. Blackstone. A right to cut wood upon or departure land. Washburn.

DEPATRIATE De*pa"tri*ate, v. t. & i. Etym: [L. de- + patria one's country.]

Defn: To withdraw, or cause to withdraw, from one's country; to banish. [Obs.] A subject born in any state May, if he please, depatriate. Mason.

DEPAUPERATE De*pau"per*ate, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Depauperated; p. pr. & vb. n. Depauperating.] Etym: [LL. depauperatus, p. p. depauperare to impoverish; L. de- + pauperare to make poor, pauper poor.]

Defn: To make poor; to impoverish. Liming does not depauperate; the ground will last long, and bear large grain. Mortimer. Humility of mind which depauperates the spirit. Jer. Taylor.

DEPAUPERATE De*pau"per*ate, a. Etym: [L. depauperatus, p. p.] (Bot.)

Defn: Falling short of the natural size, from being impoverished or starved. Gray.

DEPAUPERIZE De*pau"per*ize, v. t.

Defn: To free from paupers; to rescue from poverty. [R.]

DEPEACH De*peach", v. t. Etym: [L. dépêcher. See Dispatch.]

Defn: To discharge. [Obs.] As soon as the party . . . before our justices shall be depeached. Hakluyt.

DEPECTIBLE De*pec"ti*ble, a. Etym: [L. depectere to comb off; de- + pectere to comb.]

Defn: Tough; thick; capable of extension. [Obs.] Some bodies are of a more depectible nature than oil. Bacon.

DEPECULATION De*pec`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. depeculari, p. p. depeculatus, to rob. See Peculate.]

Defn: A robbing or embezzlement. [Obs.] Depeculation of the public treasure. Hobbes.

DEPEINCT De*peinct", v. t. Etym: [See Depaint.]

Defn: To paint. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEPEND De*pend", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Depended; p. pr. & vb. n. Depending.] Etym: [F. dépendre, fr. L. depend; de- + pend to hang. See Pendant.]

1. To hang down; to be sustained by being fastened or attached to something above. And ever-living lamps depend in rows. Pope.

2. To hang in suspense; to be pending; to be undetermined or undecided; as, a cause depending in court. You will not think it unnatural that those who have an object depending, which strongly engages their hopes and fears, should be somewhat inclined to superstition. Burke.

3. To rely for support; to be conditioned or contingent; to be connected with anything, as a cause of existence, or as a necessary condition; -- followed by on or upon, formerly by of. The truth of God's word dependeth not of the truth of the congregation. Tyndale. The conclusion . . . that our happiness depends little on political institutions, and much on the temper and regulation of our own minds. Macaulay. Heaven forming each on other to depend. Pope.

4. To trust; to rest with confidence; to rely; to confide; to be certain; -- with on or upon; as, we depend on the word or assurance of our friends; we depend on the mail at the usual hour. But if you 're rough, and use him like a dog, Depend upon it -- he 'll remain incog. Addison.

5. To serve; to attend; to act as a dependent or retainer. [Obs.] Shak.

6. To impend. [Obs.] Shak.

DEPENDABLE De*pend"a*ble, a.

Defn: Worthy of being depended on; trustworthy. "Dependable friendships." Pope.

DEPENDANT; DEPENDANCE; DEPENDANCY De*pend"ant, De*pend"ance, n., De*pend"an*cy, n.

Defn: See Dependent, Dependence, Dependency.

Note: The forms dependant, dependance, dependancy are from the French; the forms dependent, etc., are from the Latin. Some authorities give preference to the form dependant when the word is a noun, thus distinguishing it from the adjective, usually written dependent.

DEPENDENCE De*pend"ence, n. Etym: [LL. dependentia, fr. L. dependens. See Dependent, and cf. Dependance.]

1. The act or state of depending; state of being dependent; a hanging down or from; suspension from a support.

2. The state of being influenced and determined by something; subjection (as of an effect to its cause). The cause of effects, and the dependence of one thing upon another. Bp. Burnet.

3. Mutu So dark adependence or order. Sir T. More.

4. Subjection to the direction or disposal of another; inability to help or provide for one's self. Reduced to a servile dependence on their mercy. Burke.

5. A resting with confidence; reliance; trust. Affectionate dependence on the Creator is the spiritual life of the soul. T. Erskine.

6. That on which one depends or relies; as, he was her sole dependence.

7. That which depends; anything dependent or suspended; anything attached a subordinate to, or contingent on, something else. Like a large cluster of black grapes they show And make a large dependence from the bough. Dryden.

8. A matter depending, or in suspense, and still to be determined; ground of controversy or quarrel. [Obs.] To go on now with my first dependence. Beau. & Fl.

DEPENDENCY De*pend"en*cy, n.; pl. Dependencies (.

1. State of being dependent; dependence; state of being subordinate; subordination; concatenation; connection; reliance; trust. Any long series of action, the parts of which have very much dependency each on the other. Sir J. Reynolds. So that they may acknowledge their dependency on the crown of England. Bacon.

2. A thing hanging down; a dependence.

3. That which is attached to something else as its consequence, subordinate, satellite, and the like. This earth and its dependencies. T. Burnet. Modes I call such complex ideas which . . . are considered as dependencies on or affections of substances. Locke.

4. A territory remote from the kingdom or state to which it belongs, but subject to its dominion; a colony; as, Great Britain has its dependencies in Asia, Africa, and America.

Note: Dependence is more used in the abstract, and dependency in the concrete. The latter is usually restricted in meaning to 3 and 4.

DEPENDENT De*pend"ent, a. Etym: [L. dependens, -entis, p. pr. dependere. See Depend, and cf. Dependant.]

1. Hanging down; as, a dependent bough or leaf.

2. Relying on, or subject to, something else for support; not able to exist, or sustain itself, or to perform anything, without the will, power, or aid of something else; not self-sustaining; contingent or conditioned; subordinate; -- often with on or upon; as, dependent on God; dependent upon friends. England, long dependent and degraded, was again a power of the first rank. Macaulay. Dependent covenant or contract (Law), one not binding until some connecting stipulation is performed. -- Dependent variable (Math.), a varying quantity whose changes are arbitrary, but are regarded as produced by changes in another variable, which is called the independent variable.

DEPENDENT De*pend"ent, n.

1. One who depends; one who is sustained by another, or who relies on another for support of favor; a hanger-on; a retainer; as, a numerous train of dependents. A host of dependents on the court, suborned to play their part as witnesses. Hallam.

2. That which depends; corollary; consequence. With all its circumstances and dependents. Prynne.

Note: See the Note under Dependant.

DEPENDENTLY De*pend"ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dependent manner.

DEPENDER De*pend"er, n.

Defn: One who depends; a dependent.

DEPENDINGLY De*pend"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: As having dependence. Hale.

DEPEOPLE De*peo"ple, v. t.

Defn: To depopulate. [Obs.]

DEPERDIT De*per"dit, n. Etym: [LL. deperditum, fr. L. deperditus, p. p. of deperdere; de- + perdere to lose, destroy.]

Defn: That which is lost or destroyed. [R.] Paley.

DEPERDITELY De*per"dite*ly

Defn: , adv. Hopelessly; despairingly; in the manner of one ruined; as, deperditely wicked. [Archaic]

DEPERDITION Dep`er*di"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déperdition.]

Defn: Loss; destruction. [Archaic] Sir T. Browne.

DEPERTIBLE De*per"ti*ble, a. Etym: [See Depart.]

Defn: Divisible. [Obs.] Bacon.

DEPHASE De*phase", v. t. (Elec.)

Defn: To put out of phase, as two parts of a single alternating current.

DEPHLEGM De*phlegm", v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + phlegm water; cf. F. déphlegmer, déflegmer.] (O. Chem.)

Defn: To rid of phlegm or water; to dephlegmate. [Obs.] Boyle.

DEPHLEGMATE De*phleg"mate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dephlegmated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dephlegmating.] Etym: [See Dephlegm.] (Chem.)

Defn: To deprive of superabundant water, as by evaporation or distillation; to clear of aqueous matter; to rectify; -- used of spirits and acids.

DEPHLEGMATION De`phleg*ma"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déflegmation.] (Chem.)

Defn: The operation of separating water from spirits and acids, by evaporation or repeated distillation; -- called also concentration, especially when acids are the subject of it. [Obs.]

DEPHLEGMATOR De*phleg"ma*tor, n.

Defn: An instrument or apparatus in which water is separated by evaporation or distillation; the part of a distilling apparatus in which the separation of the vapors is effected.

DEPHLEGMATORY De*phleg"ma*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or producing, dephlegmation.

DEPHLEGMEDNESS De*phlegm"ed*ness, n.

Defn: A state of being freed from water. [Obs.] Boyle.

DEPHLOGISTICCATE De`phlo*gis"tic*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dephlogisticated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dephlogisticating.] Etym: [Pref. de- + phlosticate: cf. F. déphlogistiguer.] (O. Chem.)

Defn: To deprive of phlogiston, or the supposed principle of inflammability. Priestley. Dephlogisticated air, oxygen gas; -- so called by Dr. Priestly and others of his time. -- De`phlo*gis`ti*ca"tion, n.

DEPHOSPHORIZATION De*phos`phor*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of freeing from phosphorous.

DEPICT De*pict", p. p. Etym: [L. depictus, p. p. of depingere to depict; de- + pingere to paint. See Paint, and cf. Depaint, p. p.]

Defn: Depicted. Lydgate.

DEPICT De*pict", p. p. Etym: [L. depictus, p. p. of depinger to depict; de- + pingere to paint. See Paint, and cf. Depaint, p. p.]

Defn: Depicted. Lydgate.

DEPICT De*pict", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depicted; p. pr. & vb. n. Depicting.]

1. To form a colored likeness of; to represent by a picture; to paint; to portray. His arms are fairly depicted in his chamber. Fuller.

2. To represent in words; to describe vividly. Cæsar's gout was then depicted in energetic language. Motley.

DEPICTION De*pic"tion, n. Etym: [L. depictio.]

Defn: A painting or depicting; a representation.

DEPICTURE De*pic"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depictured; p. pr. & vb. n. Depicturing.]

Defn: To make a picture of; to paint; to picture; to depict. Several persons were depictured in caricature. Fielding.

DEPILATE Dep"i*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depilated; p. pr. & vb. n. Depilating.] Etym: [L. depilatus, p. p. of depilare to depilate; de- + pilare to put forth hairs, pilus hair.]

Defn: To strip of hair; to husk. Venner.

DEPILATION Dep`i*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dépilation.]

Defn: Act of pulling out or removing the hair; unhairing. Dryden.

DEPILATORY De*pil"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dépilatoire.]

Defn: Having the quality or power of removing hair. -- n.

Defn: An application used to take off hair.

DEPILOUS Dep"i*lous, a. Etym: [Pref. de- + pilous: cf. L. depilis.]

Defn: Hairless. Sir t. Browne.

DEPLANATE De*pla"nate, a. Etym: [L. deplanetus, p. p. of deplanare to make level. See Plane, v. t.] (Bot.)

Defn: Flattened; made level or even.

DEPLANT De*plant", v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + plan: cf. F. déplanter, L. deplantare to take off a twig. See Plant, v. t.]

Defn: To take up (plants); to transplant. [R.]

DEPLANTATION De`plan*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déplantation.]

Defn: Act of taking up plants from beds.

DEPLETE De*plete", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depleted; p. pr. & vb. n. Depleting.] Etym: [From L. deplere to empty out; de- + plere to fill. Forined like replete, complete. See Fill, Full, a.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: To empty or unload, as the vessels of human system, by bloodletting or by medicine. Copland.

2. To reduce by destroying or consuming the vital powers of; to exhaust, as a country of its strength or resources, a treasury of money, etc. Saturday Review.

DEPLETION De*ple"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déplétion.]

1. The act of depleting or emptying.

2. (Med.)

Defn: the act or process of diminishing the quantity of fluid in the vessels by bloodletting or otherwise; also excessive evacuation, as in severe diarrhea.

DEPLETIVE De*ple"tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déplétif.]

Defn: Able or fitted to deplete. -- n.

Defn: A substance used to deplete.

DEPLETORY De*ple"to*ry, a.

Defn: Serving to deplete.

DEPLICATION Dep`li*ca"tion, n. Etym: [LL. deplicare to unfold; L. de- + plicare to fold.]

Defn: An unfolding, untwisting, or unplaiting. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

DEPLOITATION Dep`loi*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. Exploitation, Deploy.]

Defn: Same as Exploitation.

DEPLORABILITY De*plor`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Deplorableness. Stormonth.

DEPLORABLE De*plor"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déplorable.]

Defn: Worthy of being deplored or lamented; lamentable; causing grief; hence, sad; calamitous; grievous; wretched; as, life's evils are deplorable. Individual sufferers are in a much more deplorable conditious than any others. Burke.

DEPLORABLENESS De*plor"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: State of being deplorable.

DEPLORABLY De*plor"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In a deplorable manner.

DEPLORATE De*plo"rate, a. Etym: [L. deploratus, p. p. of deplorare. See Deplore.]

Defn: Deplorable. [Obs.] A more deplorate estate. Baker.

DEPLORATION Dep`lo*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. deploratio: cf. F. déploration.]

Defn: The act of deploring or lamenting; lamentation. Speed.

DEPLORE De*plore", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deplored; p. pr. & vb. n. Deploring.] Etym: [L. deplorare; de- + plorare to cry out, wail, lament; prob. akin to pluere to rain, and to E. flow: cf. F. déplorer. Cf. Flow.]

1. To feel or to express deep and poignant grief for; to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to sorrow over. To find her, or forever to deplore Her loss. Milton. As some sad turtle his lost love deplores. Pope.

2. To complain of. [Obs.] Shak.

3. To regard as hopeless; to give up. [Obs.] Bacon.

Syn. -- To Deplore, Mourn, Lament, Bewail, Bemoan. Mourn is the generic term, denoting a state of grief or sadness. To lament is to express grief by outcries, and denotes an earnest and strong expression of sorrow. To deplore marks a deeper and more prolonged emotion. To bewail and to bemoan are appropriate only to cases of poignant distress, in which the grief finds utterance either in wailing or in moans and sobs. A man laments his errors, and deplores the ruin they have brought on his family; mothers bewail or bemoan the loss of their children.

DEPLORE De*plore", v. i.

Defn: To lament. Gray.

DEPLOREDLY De*plor"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: Lamentably.

DEPLOREDNESS De*plor"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being deplored or deplorable. [R.] Bp. Hail.

DEPLOREMENT De*plore"ment, n.

Defn: Deploration. [Obs.]

DEPLORER De*plor"er, n.

Defn: One who deplores.

DEPLORINGLY De*plor"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a deploring manner.

DEPLOY De*ploy", v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Deployed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deploying.] Etym: [F. déployer; pref. dé = dés (L. dis) + ployer, equiv. to plier to fold, fr. L. plicare. See Ply, and cf. Display.] (Mil.)

Defn: To open out; to unfold; to spread out (a body of troops) in such a way that they shall display a wider front and less depth; -- the reverse of ploy; as, to deploy a column of troops into line of battle.

DEPLOY; DEPLOYMENT De*ploy", De*ploy"ment, n. (Mil.)

Defn: The act of deploying; a spreading out of a body of men in order to extend their front. -Wilhelm. Deployments . . . which cause the soldier to turn his back to the enemy are not suited to war.H.L. Scott.

DEPLUMATE De*plu"mate, a. Etym: [LL. diplumatus, p. p. of deplumare. See Deplume.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Destitute or deprived of features; deplumed.

DEPLUMATION Dep`lu*ma"tion, n. Etym: [See Deplumate.]

1. The stripping or falling off of plumes or feathers. Bp. Stillingfleet

2. (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the eyelids, attended with loss of the eyelashes. Thomas.

DEPLUME De*plume", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deplumed; p. pr. & vb. n. Depluming.] Etym: [LL. deplumare; L. de- + plumare to cover with feathers, pluma feather: cf. deplumis featherless, and F. déplumer.]

1. To strip or pluck off the feather of; to deprive of of plumage. On the depluming of the pope every bird had his own feather. Fuller.

2. To lay bare; to expose. The exposure and depluming of the leading humbugs of the age. De Quincey.

DEPOLARIZATION De*po`lar*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dépolarisation.]

Defn: The act of depriving of polarity, or the result of such action; reduction to an unpolarized condition. Depolarization of light (Opt.), a change in the plane of polarization of rays, especially by a crystalline medium, such that the light which had been extinguished by the analyzer reappears as if the polarization had been anulled. The word is inappropriate, as the ray does not return to the unpolarized condition.

DEPOLARIZE De*po"lar*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depolarized; p. pr. & vb. n. Depolarizing.] Etym: [Pref. de- + polarize: cf. F. dépolarizer.]

1. (Opt.)

Defn: To deprive of polarity; to reduce to an unpolarized condition.

Note: This word has been inaccurately applied in optics to describe the effect of a polarizing medium, as a crystalline plate, in causing the reappearance of a ray, in consequence of a change in its plane of polarization, which previously to the change was intercepted by the analyzer.

2. (Elec.)

Defn: To free from polarization, as the negative plate of the voltaic battery.

DEPOLARIZER De*po"lar*i`zer, n. (Elec.)

Defn: A substance used to prevent polarization, as upon the negative plate of a voltaic battery.

DEPOLISH De*pol"ish, v. t.

Defn: To remove the polish or glaze from.

DEPOLISHING De*pol"ish*ing, n. (Ceramics)

Defn: The process of removing the vitreous glaze from porcelain, leaving the dull luster of the surface of ivory porcelian. Knight.

DEPONE De*pone", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deponed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deponing.] Etym: [L. deponere, depositum, to put down, in LL., to assert under oath; de- + ponere to put, place. See Position, and cf. Deposit.]

1. To lay, as a stake; to wager. [Obs.] Hudibras.

2. To lay down. [R.] Southey.

3. To assert under oath; to depose. [A Scotticism] Sprot deponeth that he entered himself thereafter in conference. State Trials(1606).

DEPONE De*pone", v. i.

Defn: To testify under oath; to depose; to bear witness. [A Scotticism] The fairy Glorians, whose credibility on this point can not be called in question, depones to the confinement of Merlin in a tree. Dunlop.

DEPONENT De*po"nent, n. Etym: [L. deponenes, -entis, laying down. See Depone, v. t.]

1. (Law)

Defn: One who deposes or testifies under oath; one who gives evidence; usually, one who testifies in writing.

2. (Gr. & Lat. Gram.)

Defn: A deponent verb.

Syn. -- Deponent, Affiant. These are legal terms describing a person who makes a written declaration under oath, with a view to establish certain facts. An affiant is one who makes an affidavit, or declaration under oath, in order to establish the truth of what he says. A deponenet is one who makes a deposition, or gives written testimony under oath, to be used in the trial of some case before a court of justice. See under Deposition.

DEPONENT De*po"nent, a. Etym: [L. deponens, -entis, laying down (its proper passive meaning), p. pr. of deponere: cf. F. déponent. See Depone.] (Gram.)

Defn: Having a passive form with an active meaning, as certain latin and Greek verbs.

DEPOPULACY De*pop"u*la*cy, n.

Defn: Depopulation; destruction of population. [R.] Chapman.

DEPOPULATE De*pop"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depopulated; p. pr. & vb. n. Depopulating.] Etym: [L. depopulatus, p. p. of depopulari to ravage; de- + populari to ravage, fr. populus people: cf. OF. depopuler, F. dépeupler. See People.]

Defn: To deprive of inhabitants, whether by death or by expulsion; to reduce greatly the populousness of; to dispeople; to unpeople. Where is this viper, That would depopulate the city Shak.

Note: It is not synonymous with laying waste or destroying, being limited to the loss of inhabitants; as, an army or a famine may depopulate a country. It rarely expresses an entire loss of inhabitants, but often a great diminution of their numbers; as, the deluge depopulated the earth.

DEPOPULATE De*pop"u*late, v. i.

Defn: To become dispeopled. [R.] Whether the country be depopulating or not. Goldsmith.

DEPOPULATION De*pop`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. depopulatio pillaging: cf. F. dépopulation depopulation.]

Defn: The act of depopulating, or condition of being depopulated; destruction or explusion of inhabitants. The desolation and depopulation [of St.Quentin] were now complete. Motley.

DEPOPULATOR De*pop"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L., pillager.]

Defn: One who depopulates; a dispeopler.

DEPORT De*port", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deported; p. pr. & vb. n. Deporting.] Etym: [F. déporter to transport for life, OF., to divert, amuse, from L. deportare to carry away; de- + portare to carry. See Port demeanor.]

1. To transport; to carry away; to exile; to send into banishment. He told us he had been deported to Spain. Walsh.

2. To carry or demean; to conduct; to behave; -- followed by the reflexive pronoun. Let an ambassador deport himself in the most graceful manner befor a prince. Pope.

DEPORT De*port", n.

Defn: Behavior; carrige; demeanor; deportment. [Obs.] "Goddesslike deport." Milton.

DEPORTATION De`por*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. depotatio: cf.F. déportation.]

Defn: The act of deporting or exiling, or the state of being deported; banishment; transportation. In their deportations, they had often the favor of their conquerors. Atterbury.

DEPORTMENT De*port"ment, n. Etym: [F. déportement misconduct, OF., demeanor. See Deport.]

Defn: Manner of deporting or demeaning one's self; manner of acting; conduct; carrige; especially, manner of acting with respect to the courtesies and duties of life; behavior; demeanor; bearing. The gravity of his deportment carried him safe through many difficulties. Swift.

DEPORTURE De*por"ture, n.

Defn: Deportment. [Obs.] Stately port and majestical deporture. Speed.

DEPOSABLE De*pos"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being deposed or deprived of office. Howell.

DEPOSAL De*pos"al, n.

Defn: The act of deposing from office; a removal from the throne. Fox.

DEPOSE De*pose", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deposing.]Etym: [FF. déposer, in the sense of L. deponere to put down; but from pref. dé- (L. de) + poser to place. See Pose, Pause.]

1. To lay down; to divest one's self of; to lay aside. [Obs.] Thus when the state one Edward did depose, A greater Edward in his room arose. Dryden.

2. To let fall; to deposit. [Obs.] Additional mud deposed upon it. Woodward.

3. To remove from a throne or other high station; to dethrone; to divest or deprive of office. A tyrant over his subjects, and therefore worthy to be deposed. Prynne.

4. To testify under oath; to bear testimony to; -- now usually said of bearing testimony which is officially written down for future use. Abbott. To depose the yearly rent or valuation of lands. Bacon.

5. To put under oath. [Obs.] Depose him in the justice of his cause. Shak.

DEPOSE De*pose", v. i.

Defn: To bear witness; to testify under oath; to make deposition. Then, seeing't was he that made you to despose, Your oath, my lord, is vain and frivolous. Shak.

DEPOSER De*pos"er, n.

1. One who deposes or degrades from office.

2. One who testifies or deposes; a deponent.

DEPOSIT De*pos"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depoited; p. pr. & vb. n. Depositing.] Etym: [L. depositus, p. p. of deponere. See Depone, and cf. Deposit, n.]

1. To lay down; to place; to put; to let fall or throw down (as sediment); as, a crocodile deposits her eggs in the sand; the waters deposited a rich alluvium. The fear is deposited in conscience. Jer. Taylor.

2. To lay up or away for safekeeping; to put up; to store; as, to deposit goods in a warehouse.

3. To lodge in some one's hands for sale keeping; to commit to the custody of another; to intrust; esp., to place in a bank, as a sum of money subject to order.

4. To lay aside; to rid one's self of. [Obs.] If what is written prove useful to you, to the depositing that which i can not deem an error. Hammond.

Note: Both this verb and the noun following written deposite.

DEPOSIT De*pos"it, n. Etym: [L. depositum, fr. depositus, p. p. of deponere: cf. F. dépôt, OF. depost. See Deposit, v. t., and cf. Depot.]

1. That is deposited, or laid or thrown down; as, a deposit in a flue; especially, matter precipitated from a solution (as the siliceous deposits of hot springs), or that which is mechanically deposited (as the mud, gravel, etc., deposits of a river). The deposit already formed affording to the succeeding portion of the charged fluid a basis. Kirwan.

2. (Mining)

Defn: A natural occurrence of a useful mineral under the conditions to invite exploitation. Raymond.

3. That which is placed anywhere, or in any one's hands, for safe keeping; somthing intrusted to the care of another; esp., money lodged with a bank or banker, subject to order; anything given as pledge or security.

4. (Law) (a) A bailment of money or goods to be kept gratuitously for the bailor. (b) Money lodged with a party as earnest or security for the performance of a duty assumed by the person depositing.

5. A place of deposit; a depository. [R.] Bank of deposit. See under Bank. -- In deposit, or On deposit, in trust or safe keeping as a deposit; as, coins were recieved on deposit.

DEPOSITARY De*pos"i*ta*ry, n.; pl. Depositaries. Etym: [L. depositarius, fr. deponere. See Deposit.]

1. One with whom anything is lodged in the trust; one who receives a deposit; -- the correlative of depositor. I . . . made you my guardians, my depositaries. Shak. The depositaries of power, who are mere delegates of the people.J.S. Mill.

2. A storehouse; a depository. Bp. Hurd.

3. (Law)

Defn: One to whom goods are bailed, to be kept for the bailor without a recompense. Kent.

DEPOSITION Dep`o*si"tion, n. Etym: [L. depositio, fr. deponere: cf. F. déposition. See Deposit.]

1. The act of depositing or deposing; the act of laying down or thrown down; precipitation. The deposition of rough sand and rolled pebbles. H. Miller.

2. The act of bringing before the mind; presentation. The influence of princes upon the dispositions of their courts needs not the deposition of their examples, since it hath the authority of a known principle. W. Montagu.

3. The act of setting aside a sovereign or a public officer; deprivation of authority and dignity; displacement; removal.

Note: A deposition differs from an abdication, an abdication being voluntary, and a deposition compulsory.

4. That which is deposited; matter laid or thrown down; sediment; alluvial matter; as, banks are sometimes depositions of alluvial matter.

5. An opinion, example, or statement, laid down or asserted; a declaration.

6. (Law)

Defn: The act of laying down one's testimony in writing; also, testimony laid or taken down in writting, under oath or affirmation, befor some competent officer, and in reply to interrogatories and cross-interrogatories.

Syn. -- Deposition, Affidavit. Affidavit is the wider term. It denotes any authorized ex parte written statement of a person, sworn to or affirmed before some competent magistrate. It is made without cross- examination, and requires no notice to an opposing party. It is generally signed by the party making it, and may be drawn up by himself or any other person. A deposition is the written testimony of a witness, taken down in due form of law, and sworn to or affirmed by the deponent. It must be taken before some authorized magistrate, and upon a prescribed or reasonable notice to the opposing party, that may attend and cross-examine. It is generally written down from the mouth of the witness by the magistrate, or some person for him, and in his presence.

DEPOSITOR De*pos"i*tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. deponere. See Depone.]

Defn: One who makes a deposit, especially of money in bank; -- the correlative of depository.

DEPOSITORY De*pos"i*to*ry, n.; pl. Depositories (.

1. A place where anything is deposited for sale or keeping; as, warehouse is a depository for goods; a clerk's office is a depository for records.

2. One with whom something is deposited; a depositary. I am the sole depository of my own secret, and it shall perish with me. Junius.

DEPOSITUM De*pos"i*tum, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Deposit.

DEPOSITURE De*pos"i*ture, n.

Defn: The act of depositing; deposition. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DEPOT De"pot, n. Etym: [F. dépôt, OF. depost, fr. L. depositum a deposit. See Deposit, n.]

1. A place of deposit storing of goods; a warehouse; a storehouse. The islands of Guernsey and Jersey are at present the great depots of this kingdom. Brit Critic (1794).

2. (Mil.) (a) A military station where stores and provisions are kept, or where recruits are assembled and drilled. (b) (Eng. & France) The headquarters of a regiment, where all supplies are recieved and distributed, recruits are assembled and instructed, infirm or disabled soldiers are taken care of, and all the wants of the regiment are provided for.

3. A railway station; a building for the accommodation and protection of railway passenges or freight. [U. S.]

Syn. -- See Station.

DEPPER Dep"per, a.

Defn: Deeper. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEPRAVATION Dep`ra*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. depravitio, from depravare: cf. F. dépravation. See Deprave.]

1. Detraction; depreciation. [Obs.] To stubborn critics, apt, without a theme, For depravation. Shak.

2. The act of depraving, or making anything bad; the act of corrupting.

3. The state of being depraved or degenerated; degeneracy; depravity. The depravation of his moral character destroyed his judgment. Sir G. C. Lewis.

4. (Med.)

Defn: Change for the worse; deterioration; morbid perversion.

Syn. -- Depravity; corruption. See Depravity.

DEPRAVE De*prave", n. t. [imp. & p. p. Depraved; p. pr. & vb. n. Depraving.] Etym: [L. depravare, depravatum; de- + pravus crooked, distorted, perverse, wicked.]

1. To speak ill of; to depreciate; to malign; to revile. [Obs.] And thou knowest, conscience, I came not to chide Nor deprave thy person with a proud heart. Piers Plowman.

2. To make bad or worse; to vitiate; to corrupt. Whose pride depraves each other better part. Spenser.

Syn. -- To corrupt; vitiate; contaminate; pollute.

DEPRAVEDLY De*prav"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a depraved manner.

DEPRAVEDNESS De*prav"ed*ness, n.

Defn: Depravity. Hammond.

DEPRAVEMENT De*prave"ment, n.

Defn: Depravity. [Obs.] Milton.

DEPRAVER De*prav"er, n.

Defn: One who deprave or corrupts.

DEPRAVINGLY De*prav"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a depraving manner.

DEPRAVITY De*prav"i*ty, n. Etym: [From Deprave: cf. L. pravitas crookedness, perverseness.]

Defn: The stae of being depraved or corrupted; a vitiated state of moral character; general badness of character; wickedness of mind or heart; absence of religious feeling and principle. Total depravity. See Original sin, and Calvinism.

Syn. -- Corruption; vitiation; wickedness; vice; contamination; degeneracy. -- Depravity, Depravation, Corruption. Depravilty is a vitiated state of mind or feeling; as, the depravity of the human heart; depravity of public morals. Depravation points to the act or process of making depraved, and hence to the end thus reached; as, a gradual depravation of principle; a depravation of manners, of the heart, etc. Corruption is the only one of these words which applies to physical substances, and in reference to these denotes the process by which their component parts are dissolved. Hence, when figuratively used, it denotes an utter vitiation of principle or feeling. Depravity applies only to the mind and heart: we can speak of a depraved taste, or a corrupt taste; in the first we introduce the notion that there has been the influence of bad training to pervert; in the second, that there is a want of true principle to pervert; in the second, that there is a want of true principles to decide. The other two words have a wider use: we can speak of the depravation or the corruption of taste and public sentiment. Depravity is more or less open; corruption is more or less disguised in its operations. What is depraved requires to be reformed; what is corrupt requires to be purified.

DEPRECABLE Dep"re*ca*ble, a. Etym: [L. deprecabilis exorable.]

Defn: That may or should be deprecated. Paley.

DEPRECATE Dep"re*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deprecated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deprecating.] Etym: [L. deprecatus, p. p. of deprecari to avert by player, to deprecate; de- + precari to pray. See Pray.]

Defn: To pray against, as an evil; to seek to avert by player; to desire the removal of; to seek deliverance from; to express deep regret for; to disapprove of strongly. His purpose was deprecated by all round him, and he was with difficulty induced to adandon it. Sir W. Scott.

DEPRECATINGLY Dep"re*ca`tingly, adv.

Defn: In a deprecating manner.

DEPRECATION Dep`re*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. deprecatio; cf. F. déprécation.]

1. The act of deprecating; a praying against evil; prayer that an evil may be removed or prevented; strong expression of disapprobation. Humble deprecation. Milton.

2. Entreaty for pardon; petitioning.

3. An imprecation or curse. [Obs.] Gilpin.

DEPRECATIVE Dep"re*ca*tive, a. Etym: [L. deprecativus: cf. F. déprécatif.]

Defn: Serving to deprecate; deprecatory. -- Dep"re*ca*tive*ly, adv.

DEPRECATOR Dep"re*ca`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who deprecates.

DEPRECATORY Dep"re*ca*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. deprecatorius.]

Defn: Serving to deprecate; tending to remove or avert evil by prayer; apologetic. Humble and deprecatory letters. Bacon.

DEPRECIATE De*pre"ci*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depreciated; p. pr. & vb. n. Depreciating.] Etym: [L. depretiatus, depreciatus, p. p. of depretiare, -ciare, to depreciate; de- + pretiare to prize, fr. pretium price. See Price.]

Defn: To lessen in price or estimated value; to lower the worth of; to represent as of little value or claim to esteem; to undervalue. Addison. Which . . . some over-severe phoilosophers may look upon fastidiously, or undervalue and depreciate. Cudworth. To prove that the Americans ought not to be free, we are obliged to depreciate the value of freedom itself. Burke.

Syn. -- To decry; disparage; traduce; lower; detract; underrate. See Decry.

DEPRECIATE De*pre"ci*ate, v. i.

Defn: To fall in value; to become of less worth; to sink in estimation; as, a paper currency will depreciate, unless it is convertible into specie.

DEPRECIATION De*pre`ci*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dépréciation.]

1. The act of lessening, or seeking to lessen, price, value, or reputation.

2. The falling of value; reduction of worth. Burke.

3. the state of being depreciated.

DEPRECIATIVE De*pre"ci*a`tive, a.

Defn: Tending, or intended, to depreciate; expressing depreciation; undervaluing. -- De*pre"ci*a`tive*ly, adv.

DEPRECIATOR De*pre"ci*a`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who depreciates.

DEPRECIATORY De*pre"ci*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to depreciate; undervaluing; depreciative.

DEPREDABLE Dep"re*da*ble, a.

Defn: Liable to depredation. [Obs.] "Made less depredable." Bacon.

DEPREDATE Dep"re*date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depredated; p. pr. & vb. n. Depredating.] Etym: [L. depraedatus, p. p. of depraedari to plunder; de- + praedari to plunder, praeda plunder, prey. See Prey.]

Defn: To subject to plunder and pillage; to despoil; to lay waste; to prey upon. It makes the substance of the body . . . less apt to be consumed and depredated by the spirits. Bacon.

DEPREDATE Dep"re*date, v. i.

Defn: To take plunder or prey; to commit waste; as, the troops depredated on the country.

DEPREDATION Dep`re*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. depraedatio: cf. F. déprédation.]

Defn: The act of depredating, or the state of being depredated; the act of despoiling or making inroads; as, the sea often makes depredation on the land.

DEPREDATOR Dep"re*da`tor, n. Etym: [L. depraedator.]

Defn: One who plunders or pillages; a spoiler; a robber.

DEPREDATORY Dep"re*da`to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending or designed to depredate; characterized by depredation; plundering; as, a depredatory incursion.

DEPREDICATE De*pred"i*cate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- (intensive) + predicate.]

Defn: To proclaim; to celebrate. [R.]

DEPREHEND Dep`re*hend", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deprehended; p. pr. & vb. n. Deprehending.] Etym: [L. deprehendere, deprehensum; de- + prehendere to lay hold of, seize. See Prehensile.]

1. To take unwares or by surprise; to seize, as a person commiting an unlawful act; to catch; to apprehend. The deprehended adulteress.Jer. Taylor.

2. To detect; to discover; to find out. The motion . . . are to be deprehended by experience. Bacon.

DEPREHENSIBLE Dep`re*hen"si*ble, a.

Defn: That may be caught or discovered; apprehensible. [Obs.] Petty. -- Dep`re*hen"si*ble*ness, n. [Obs.]

DEPREHENSION Dep`re*hen"sion, n. Etym: [L. deprehensio.]

Defn: A catching; discovery. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DEPRESS De*press", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depressed; p. pr. & vb. n. Depressing.] Etym: [L. depressus, p. p. of deprimere; de- + premere to press. See Press.]

1. To press down; to cause to sink; to let fall; to lower; as, to depress the muzzle of a gun; to depress the eyes. "With lips depressed." Tennyson.

2. To bring down or humble; to abase, as pride.

3. To cast a gloom upon; to sadden; as, his spirits were depressed.

4. To lessen the activity of; to make dull; embarrass, as trade, commerce, etc.

5. To lessen in price; to cause to decline in value; to cheapen; to depreciate.

6. (Math.)

Defn: To reduce (an equation) in a lower degree. To depress the pole (Naut.), to cause the sidereal pole to appear lower or nearer the horizon, as by sailing toward the equator.

Syn. -- To sink; lower; abase; cast down; deject; humble; degrade; dispirit; discourage.

DEPRESS De*press", a. Etym: [L. depressus, p. p.]

Defn: Having the middle lower than the border; concave. [Obs.] If the seal be depress or hollow. Hammond.

DEPRESSANT De*press"ant, n. (Med.)

Defn: An agent or remedy which lowers the vital powers.

DEPRESSED De*pressed", a.

1. Pressed or forced down; lowed; sunk; dejected; dispirited; sad; humbled.

2. (Bot.) (a) Concave on the upper side; -- said of a leaf whose disk is lower than the border. (b) Lying flat; -- said of a stem or leaf which lies close to the ground.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the vertical diameter shorter than the horizontal or transverse; -- said of the bodies of animals, or of parts of the bodies.

DEPRESSINGLY De*press"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a depressing manner.

DEPRESSION De*pres"sion, n. Etym: [L. depressio: cf. F. dépression.]

1. The act of depressing.

2. The state of being depressed; a sinking.

3. A falling in of the surface; a sinking below its true place; a cavity or hollow; as, roughness consists in little protuberances and depressions.

4. Humiliation; abasement, as of pride.

5. Dejection; despondency; lowness. In a great depression of spirit. Baker.

6. Diminution, as of trade, etc.; inactivity; dullness.

7. (Astron.)

Defn: The angular distance of a celestial object below the horizon.

8. (Math.)

Defn: The operation of reducing to a lower degree; -- said of equations.

9. (Surg.)

Defn: A method of operating for cataract; couching. See Couch, v. t., 8. Angle of depression (Geod.), one which a descending line makes with a horizontal plane. -- Depression of the dewpoint (Meteor.), the number of degreees that the dew-point is lower than the actual temperature of the atmosphere. -- Depression of the pole, its apparent sinking, as the spectator goes toward the equator. -- Depression of the visible horizon. (Astron.) Same as Dip of the horizon, under Dip.

Syn. -- Abasement; reduction; sinking; fall; humiliation; dejection; melancholy.

DEPRESSIVE De*press"ive, a.

Defn: Able or tending to depress or cast down. -- De*press"ive*ness, n.

DEPRESSOMOTOR De*pres`so*mo"tor, a. (Med.)

Defn: Depressing or diminishing the capacity for movement, as depressomotor nerves, which lower or inhibit muscular activity. -- n.

Defn: Any agent that depresses the activity of the motor centers, as bromides, etc.

DEPRESSOR De*press"or, n.

1. One who, or that which, presses down; an oppressor.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle that depresses or tends to draw down a part. Depressor nerve (Physiol.), a nerve which lowers the activity of an organ; as, the depressor nerve of the heart.

DEPRIMENT Dep"ri*ment, a. Etym: [L. deprimens, p. pr. of deprimere. See Depress.]

Defn: Serving to depress. [R.] "Depriment muscles." Derham.

DEPRISURE De*pri"sure, n. Etym: [F. dépriser to undervalue; pref. dé- (L. dis-) + priser to prize, fr. prix price, fr. L. pretium. See Dispraise.]

Defn: Low estimation; disesteem; contempt. [Obs.]

DEPRIVABLE De*priv"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being, or liable to be, deprived; liable to be deposed. Kings of Spain . . . deprivable for their tyrannies. Prynne.

DEPRIVATION Dep`ri*va"tion, n. Etym: [LL. deprivatio.]

1. The act of depriving, dispossessing, or bereaving; the act of deposing or divesting of some dignity.

2. The state of being deprived; privation; loss; want; bereavement.

3. (Eccl. Law)

Defn: the taking away from a clergyman his benefice, or other spiritual promotion or dignity.

Note: Deprivation may be a beneficio or ab officio; the first takes away the living, the last degrades and deposes from the order.

DEPRIVE De*prive", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deprived; p. pr. & vb. n. Depriving.] Etym: [LL. deprivare, deprivatium, to divest of office; L. de- + privare to bereave, deprive: cf. OF. depriver. See Private.]

1. To take away; to put an end; to destroy. [Obs.] 'Tis honor to deprive dishonored life. Shak.

2. To dispossess; to bereave; to divest; to hinder from possessing; to debar; to shut out from; -- with a remoter object, usually preceded by of. God hath deprived her of wisdom. Job xxxix. 17. It was seldom that anger deprived him of power over himself. Macaulay.

3. To divest of office; to depose; to dispossess of dignity, especially ecclesiastical. A miniser deprived for inconformity. Bacon.

Syn. -- To strip; despoil; rob; abridge.

DEPRIVEMENT De*prive"ment, n.

Defn: Deprivation. [R.]

DEPRIVER De*priv"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, deprives.

DEPROSTRATE De*pros"trate, a.

Defn: Fully prostrate; humble; low; rude. [Obs.] How may weak mortal ever hope to file His unsmooth tongue, and his deprostrate style. G. Fletcher.

DEPROVINCIALIZE De`pro*vin"cial*ize, v. t.

Defn: To divest of provincial quality or characteristics.

DEPTH Depth, n. Etym: [From Deep; akin to D. diepte, Icel. d, d, Goth. diupi.]

1. The quality of being deep; deepness; perpendicular measurement downward from the surface,or horizontal measurement backward from the front; as, the depth of a river; the depth of a body of troops.

2. Profoundness; extent or degree of intensity; abundance; completeness; as, depth of knowledge, or color. Mindful of that heavenly love Which knows no end in depth or height. Keble.

3. Lowness; as, depth of sound.

4. That which is deep; a deep, or the deepest, part or place; the deep; the middle part; as, the depth of night, or of winter. From you unclouded depth above. Keble. The depth closed me round about. Jonah ii. 5.

5. (Logic)

Defn: The number of simple elements which an abstract conception or notion includes; the comprehension or content.

6. (Horology)

Defn: A pair of toothed wheels which work together. [R.]

Depth of a sail (Naut.), the extent of a square sail from the head rope to the foot rope; the length of the after leach of a staysail or boom sail; -- commonly called the drop of sail.

DEPTHEN Depth"en, v. t.

Defn: To deepen. [Obs.]

DEPTHLESS Depth"less, a.

1. Having no depth; shallow.

2. Of measureless depth; unfathomable. In clouds of depthless night. Francis.

DEPUCELATE De*pu"ce*late, v. t. Etym: [L. de + LL. pucella virgin, F. pucelle: cf. F. dépuceler.]

Defn: To deflour; to deprive of virginity. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEPUDICATE De*pu"di*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. depudicatus, p. p. of depudicare.]

Defn: To deflour; to dishonor. [Obs.]

DEPULSE De*pulse", v. t. Etym: [L. depulsus, p. p. of depellere to drive out; de- + pellere to drive.]

Defn: To drive away. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DEPULSION De*pul"sion, n. Etym: [L. depulsio.]

Defn: A driving or thrusting away. [R.] Speed.

DEPULSORY De*pul"so*ry, a. Etym: [L. depulsorius.]

Defn: Driving or thrusting away; averting. [R.] Holland.

DEPURANT Dep"u*rant, a. & n. (Med.)

Defn: Depurative.

DEPURATE Dep"u*rate, a. Etym: [LL. depuratus, p. p. of depurare to purify; L. de- + purare to purify, purus clean, pure. Cf. Depure.]

Defn: Depurated; cleansed; freed from impurities. Boyle.

DEPURATE Dep"u*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Depurated; p. pr. & vb. n. Depurating.]

Defn: To free from impurities, heterogeneous matter, or feculence; to purify; to cleanse. To depurate the mass of blood. Boyle.

DEPURATION Dep`u*ra"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dépuration.]

Defn: The act or process of depurating or freeing from foreign or impure matter, as a liquid or wound.

DEPURATIVE Dep"u*ra*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dépuratif.] (Med.)

Defn: Purifying the blood or the humors; depuratory. -- n.

Defn: A depurative remedy or agent; or a disease which is believed to be depurative.

DEPURATOR Dep"u*ra`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, cleanses.

DEPURATORY Dep"u*ra*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dépuratoire.]

Defn: Depurating; tending to depurate or cleanse; depurative.

DEPURE De*pure", v. t. Etym: [F. dépurer. See Depurate.]

Defn: To depurate; to purify. [Obs.] He shall first be depured and cleansed before that he shall be laid up for pure gold in the treasures of God. Sir T. More.

DEPURGATORY De*pur"ga*to*ry, a.

Defn: Serving to purge; tending to cleanse or purify. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

DEPURITION Dep`u*ri"tion, n.

Defn: See Depuration.

DEPUTABLE Dep"u*ta*ble, a.

Defn: Fit to be deputed; suitable to act as a deputy. Carlyle.

DEPUTATION Dep`u*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. députation. See Depute.]

1. The act of deputing, or of appointing or commissioning a deputy or representative; office of a deputy or delegate; vicegerency. The authority of conscience stands founded upon its vicegerency and deputation under God. South.

2. The person or persons deputed or commissioned by another person, party, or public body to act in his or its behalf; delegation; as, the general sent a deputation to the enemy to propose a truce. By deputation, or In deputation, by delegated authority; as substitute; through the medium of a deputy. [Obs.] Say to great Cæsar this: In deputation I kiss his conquering hand. Shak.

DEPUTATOR Dep"u*ta`tor, n.

Defn: One who deputes, or makes a deputation. [R.] Locke.

DEPUTE De*pute", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deputed; p. pr. & vb. n. Deputing.] Etym: [F. députer, fr. L. deputare to esteem, consider, in LL., to destine, allot; de- + putare to clean, prune, clear up, set in order, reckon, think. See Pure.]

1. To appoint as deputy or agent; to commission to act in one's place; to delegate. There is no man deputed of the king to hear thee. 2. Sam. xv. 3. Some persons, deputed by a meeting. Macaulay.

2. To appoint; to assign; to choose. [R.] The most conspicuous places in cities are usually deputed for the erection of statues. Barrow.

DEPUTE De*pute", n.

Defn: A person deputed; a deputy. [Scot.]

DEPUTIZE Dep"u*tize, v. t.

Defn: To appoint as one's deputy; to empower to act in one's stead; to depute.

DEPUTY Dep"u*ty, n.; pl. Deputies. Etym: [F. député, fr. LL. deputatus. See Depute.]

1. One appointed as the substitue of another, and empowered to act for him, in his name or his behalf; a substitute in office; a lieutenant; a representative; a delegate; a vicegerent; as, the deputy of a prince, of a sheriff, of a township, etc. There was then [in the days of Jehoshaphat] no king in Edom; a deputy was king. 1 Kings xxii. 47. God's substitute, His deputy anointed in His sight. Shak.

Note: Deputy is used in combination with the names of various executive officers, to denote an assistant empowered to act in their name; as, deputy collector, deputy marshal, deputy sheriff.

2. A member of the Chamber of Deputies. [France] Chamber of Deputies, one of the two branches of the French legilative assembly; -- formerly called Corps Législatif. Its members, called deputies, are elected by the people voting in districts.

Syn. -- Substitute; representative; legate; delegate; envoy; agent; factor.

DEQUANTITATE De*quan"ti*tate, v. t. Etym: [L. de- + quantatas, -atis. See Quantity.]

Defn: To diminish the quantity of; to disquantity. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DEQUEEN De*queen", v. t. (Apiculture)

Defn: To remove the queen from (a hive of bees).

DERACINATE De*rac"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deracinated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deracinating.] Etym: [F. déraciner; pref. dé- (L. dis) + racine root, fr. an assumed LL. radicina, fr. L. radix, radicis, root.]

Defn: To pluck up by the roots; to extirpate. [R.] While that the colter rusts That should deracinate such savagery. Shak.

DERACINATION De*rac`i*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act of pulling up by the roots; eradication. [R.]

DERAIGN; DERAIN De*raign", De*rain", v. t. Etym: [See Darraign.] (Old Law)

Defn: To prove or to refute by proof; to clear (one's self). [Obs.]

DERAIGNMENT; DERAINMENT De*raign"ment, De*rain"ment, n. Etym: [See Darraign.]

1. The act of deraigning. [Obs.]

2. The renunciation of religious or monastic vows. [Obs.] Blount.

DERAIL De*rail", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Derailing.]

Defn: To cause to run off from the rails of a railroad, as a locomotive. Lardner.

DERAILMENT De*rail"ment, n.

Defn: The act of going off, or the state of being off, the rails of a railroad.

DERANGE De*range", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deranged; p. pr. & vb. n. Deranging.] Etym: [F. déranger; pref. dé- = dés- (L. dis) + ranger to range. See Range, and cf. Disarrange, Disrank.]

1. To put out of place, order, or rank; to disturb the proper arrangement or order of; to throw into disorder, confusion, or embarrassment; to disorder; to disarrange; as, to derange the plans of a commander, or the affairs of a nation.

2. To disturb in action or function, as a part or organ, or the whole of a machine or organism. A sudden fall deranges some of our internal parts. Blair.

3. To disturb in the orderly or normal action of the intellect; to render insane.

Syn. -- To disorder; disarrange; displace; unsettle; disturb; confuse; discompose; ruffle; disconcert.

DERANGED De*ranged", a.

Defn: Disordered; especially, disordered in mind; crazy; insane. The story of a poor deranged parish lad. Lamb.

DERANGEMENT De*range"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dérangement.]

Defn: The act of deranging or putting out of order, or the state of being deranged; disarrangement; disorder; confusion; especially, mental disorder; insanity.

Syn. -- Disorder; confusion; embarrassment; irregularity; disturbance; insanity; lunacy; madness; delirium; mania. See Insanity.

DERANGER De*ran"ger, n.

Defn: One who deranges.

DERAY De*ray", n. Etym: [OF. derroi, desroi, desrei; pref. des- (L. dis-) + roi, rei, rai, order. See Array.]

Defn: Disorder; merriment. [Obs.]

DERBIO Der"bi*o, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large European food fish (Lichia glauca).

DERBY Der"by (; usually in Eng.; 85), n.

1. A race for three-old horses, run annually at Epsom (near London), for the Derby stakes. It was instituted by the 12th Earl of Derby, in 1780. Derby Day, the day of the annual race for the Derby stakes, -- Wednesday of the week before Whitsuntide.

2. A stiff felt hat with a dome-shaped crown.

DERBYSHIRE SPAR Der"by*shire spar". (Min.)

Defn: A massive variety of fluor spar, found in Derbyshire, England, and wrought into vases and other ornamental work.

DERDOING Der*do"ing, a. Etym: [See Dere, v. t.]

Defn: Doing daring or chivalrous deeds. [Obs.] "In derdoing arms." Spenser.

DERE Dere, v. t. Etym: [AS. derian to hurt.]

Defn: To hurt; to harm; to injure. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DERE Dere, n.

Defn: Harm. [Obs.] Robert of Brunne.

DERECHO De*re"cho, n. [Sp. derecho straight.]

Defn: A straight wind without apparent cyclonic tendency, usually accompanied with rain and often destructive, common in the prairie regions of the United States.

DEREINE; DEREYNE De*reine, De*reyne", v. t.

Defn: Same as Darraign. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DERELICT Der"e*lict, a. Etym: [L. derelictus, p. p. of derelinquere to forsake wholly, to abandon; de- + relinquere to leave. See Relinquish.]

1. Given up or forsaken by the natural owner or guardian; left and abandoned; as, derelict lands. The affections which these exposed or derelict children bear to their mothers, have no grounds of nature or assiduity but civility and opinion. Jer. Taylor.

2. Lost; adrift; hence, wanting; careless; neglectful; unfaithful. They easily prevailed, so as to seize upon the vacant, unoccupied, and derelict minds of his [Chatham's] friends; and instantly they turned the vessel wholly out of the course of his policy. Burke. A government which is either unable or unwilling to redress such wrongs is derelict to its highest duties. J. Buchanan.

DERELICT Der"e*lict, n. (Law) (a) A thing voluntary abandoned or willfully cast away by its proper owner, especially a ship abandoned at sea. (b) A tract of land left dry by the sea, and fit for cultivation or use.

DERELICTION Der`e*lic"tion, n. Etym: [L. derelictio.]

1. The act of leaving with an intention not to reclaim or resume; an utter forsaking abandonment. Cession or dereliction, actual or tacit, of other powers. Burke.

2. A neglect or omission as if by willful abandonment. A total dereliction of military duties. Sir W. Scott.

3. The state of being left or abandoned.

4. (Law)

Defn: A retiring of the sea, occasioning a change of high-water mark, whereby land is gained.

DERELIGIONIZE De`re*li"gion*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make irreligious; to turn from religion. [R.] He would dereligionize men beyond all others. De Quincey.

DERELING Dere"ling, n.

Defn: Darling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DERELING Dere"ling, n.

Defn: Darling. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DERF Derf, a. Etym: [Icel. djafr.]

Defn: Strong; powerful; fierce. [Obs.] -- Derf"ly, adv. [Obs.]

DERIDE De*ride", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derided; p. pr. & vb. n. Deriding.] Etym: [L. deridere, derisum; de- + rid to laugh. See Ridicule.]

Defn: To laugh at with contempt; to laugh to scorn; to turn to ridicule or make sport of; to mock; to scoff at. And the Pharisees, also, . . . derided him. Luke xvi. 14. Sport that wrinkled Care derides. And Laughter holding both his sides. Milton.

Syn. -- To mock; laugh at; ridicule; insult; taunt; jeer; banter; rally. -- To Deride, Ridicule, Mock, Taunt. A man may ridicule without any unkindness of feeling; his object may be to correct; as, to ridicule the follies of the age. He who derides is actuated by a severe a contemptuous spirit; as, to deride one for his religious principles. To mock is stronger, and denotes open and scornful derision; as, to mock at sin. To taunt is to reproach with the keenest insult; as, to taunt one for his misfortunes. Ridicule consists more in words than in actions; derision and mockery evince themselves in actions as well as words; taunts are always expressed in words of extreme bitterness.

DERIDER De*rid"er, n.

Defn: One who derides, or laughs at, another in contempt; a mocker; a scoffer.

DERIDINGLY De*rid"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of derision or mockery.

DE RIGUEUR De ri`gueur". [F. See 2d Rigor.]

Defn: According to strictness (of etiquette, rule, or the like); obligatory; strictly required.

DERISION De*ri"sion, n. Etym: [L. derisio: cf. F. dérision. See Deride.]

1. The act of deriding, or the state of being derided; mockery; scornful or contemptuous treatment which holds one up to ridicule. He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh; the Lord shall have them in derision. Ps. ii. 4. Saderision called. Milton.

2. An object of derision or scorn; a laughing-stock. I was a derision to all my people. Lam. iii. 14.

Syn. -- Scorn; mockery; contempt; insult; ridicule.

DERISIVE De*ri"sive, a.

Defn: Expressing, serving for, or characterized by, derision. "Derisive taunts." Pope. -- De*ri"sive*ly, adv. -- De*ri"sive*ness, n.

DERISORY De*ri"so*ry, a. Etym: [L. derisorius: cf. F. dérisoire.]

Defn: Derisive; mocking. Shaftesbury.

DERIVABLE De*riv"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Derive.]

Defn: That can be derived; obtainable by transmission; capable of being known by inference, as from premises or data; capable of being traced, as from a radical; as, income is derivable from various sources. All honor derivable upon me. South. The exquisite pleasure derivable from the true and beautiful relations of domestic life. H. G. Bell. The argument derivable from the doxologies. J. H. Newman.

DERIVABLY De*riv"a*bly, adv.

Defn: By derivation.

DERIVAL De*riv"al, n.

Defn: Derivation. [R.] The derival of e from a. Earle.

DERIVATE Der"i*vate, a. Etym: [L. derivatus, p. p. of derivare. See Derive.]

Defn: Derived; derivative. [R.] H. Taylor. -- n.

Defn: A thing derived; a derivative. [R.]

DERIVATE Der"i*vate, v. t.

Defn: To derive. [Obs.] Huloet.

DERIVATION Der`i*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. derivatio: cf. F. dérivation. See Derive.]

1. A leading or drawing off of water from a stream or source. [Obs.] T. Burnet.

2. The act of receiving anything from a source; the act of procuring an effect from a cause, means, or condition, as profits from capital, conclusions or opinions from evidence. As touching traditional communication, . . . I do not doubt but many of those truths have had the help of that derivation. Sir M. Hale.

3. The act of tracing origin or descent, as in grammar or genealogy; as, the derivation of a word from an Aryan root.

4. The state or method of being derived; the relation of origin when established or asserted.

5. That from which a thing is derived.

6. That which is derived; a derivative; a deduction. From the Euphrates into an artificial derivation of that river. Gibbon.

7. (Math.)

Defn: The operation of deducing one function from another according to some fixed law, called the law of derivation, as the of differentiation or of integration.

8. (Med.)

Defn: A drawing of humors or fluids from one part of the body to another, to relieve or lessen a morbid process.

DERIVATIONAL Der`i*va"tion*al, a.

Defn: Relating to derivation. Earle.

DERIVATIVE De*riv"a*tive, a. Etym: [L. derivativus: cf. F. dérivatif.]

Defn: Obtained by derivation; derived; not radical, original, or fundamental; originating, deduced, or formed from something else; secondary; as, a derivative conveyance; a derivative word. Derivative circulation, a modification of the circulation found in some parts of the body, in which the arteries empty directly into the veins without the interposition of capillaries. Flint. -- De*riv"a*tive*ly, adv. -- De*riv"a*tive*ness, n.

DERIVATIVE De*riv"a*tive, n.

1. That which is derived; anything obtained or deduced from another.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: A word formed from another word, by a prefix or suffix, an internal modification, or some other change; a word which takes its origin from a root.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: A chord, not fundamental, but obtained from another by inversion; or, vice versa, a ground tone or root implied in its harmonics in an actual chord.

4. (Med.)

Defn: An agent which is adapted to produce a derivation (in the medical sense).

5. (Math.)

Defn: A derived function; a function obtained from a given function by a certain algebraic process.

Note: Except in the mode of derivation the derivative is the same as the differential coefficient. See Differential coefficient, under Differential.

6. (Chem.)

Defn: A substance so related to another substance by modification or

## partial substitution as to be regarded as derived from it; thus, the

amido compounds are derivatives of ammonia, and the hydrocarbons are derivatives of methane, benzene, etc.

DERIVE De*rive", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derived; p. pr. & vb. n. Deriving.] Etym: [F. dériver, L. derivare; de- + rivus stream, brook. See Rival.]

1. To turn the course of, as water; to divert and distribute into subordinate channels; to diffuse; to communicate; to transmit; -- followed by to, into, on, upon. [Obs.] For fear it [water] choke up the pits . . . they [the workman] derive it by other drains. Holland. Her due loves derived to that vile witch's share. Spenser. Derived to us by tradition from Adam to Noah. Jer. Taylor.

2. To receive, as from a source or origin; to obtain by descent or by transmission; to draw; to deduce; -- followed by from.

3. To trace the origin, descent, or derivation of; to recognize transmission of; as, he derives this word from the Anglo-Saxon. From these two causes . . . an ancient set of physicians derived all diseases. Arbuthnot.

4. (Chem.)

Defn: To obtain one substance from another by actual or theoretical substitution; as, to derive an organic acid from its corresponding hydrocarbon.

Syn. -- To trace; deduce; infer.

DERIVE De*rive", v. i.

Defn: To flow; to have origin; to descend; to proceed; to be deduced. Shak. Power from heaven Derives, and monarchs rule by gods appointed. Prior.

DERIVEMENT De*rive"ment, n.

Defn: That which is derived; deduction; inference. [Obs.] I offer these derivements from these subjects. W. Montagu.

DERIVER De*riv"er, n.

Defn: One who derives.

DERK Derk, a.

Defn: Dark. [Obs.] Chaucer.

-DERM -derm. Etym: [See Derm, n.]

Defn: A suffix or terminal formative, much used in anatomical terms, and signifying skin, integument, covering; as, blastoderm, ectoderm, etc.

DERM Derm, n. Etym: [Gr. derme. See Tear, v. t.]

1. The integument of animal; the skin.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: See Dermis.

DERMA Der"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Derm.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Dermis.

DERMAL Derm"al, a. Etym: [From Derm.]

1. Pertaining to the integument or skin of animals; dermic; as, the dermal secretions.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the dermis or true skin.

DERMAPTERA; DERMAPTERAN Der*map"te*ra, Der*map"ter*an (, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dermoptera, Dermopteran.

DERMATIC; DERMATINE Der*mat"ic, Der"ma*tine, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the skin.

DERMATITIS Der`ma*ti"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the skin.

DERMATOGEN Der*mat"o*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.)

Defn: Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a forming condition.

DERMATOGEN Der*mat"o*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.)

Defn: Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a forming condition.

DERMATOGRAPHY Der*ma*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: An anatomical description of, or treatise on, the skin.

DERMATOID Der"ma*toid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid: cf. F. dermatoïde. Cf. Dermoid.]

Defn: Resembling

DERMATOLOGIST Der`ma*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who discourses on the skin and its diseases; one versed in dermatology.

DERMATOLOGY Der`ma*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. dermatologie.]

Defn: The science which treats of the skin, its structure, functions, and diseases.

DERMATOPATHIC Der`ma*to*path"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to skin diseases, or their cure.

DERMATOPHYTE Der*mat"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A vegetable parasite, infesting the skin.

DERMESTES Der*mes"tes, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of coleopterous insects, the larvæ of which feed animal substances. They are very destructive to dries meats, skins, woolens, and furs. The most common species is D. lardarius, known as the bacon beetle.

DERMESTOID Der*mes"toid, a. Etym: [Dermestes + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to or resembling the genus Dermestes. The carpet beetle, called the buffalo moth, is a dermestoid beetle. Pop. Sci. Monthly.

DERMIC Der"mic, a.

1. Relating to the derm or skin.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the dermis; dermal. Underneath each nail the deep or dermic layer of the integument is peculiarly modified. Huxley. Dermic remedies (Med.), such as act through the skin.

DERMIS Der"mis, n. Etym: [NL. See Derm.] (Anat.)

Defn: The deep sensitive layer of the skin beneath the scarfskin or epidermis; -- called also true skin, derm, derma, corium, cutis, and enderon. See Skin, and Illust. in Appendix.

DERMOBRANCHIATA Der`mo*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of nudibranch mollusks without special gills.

DERMOBRANCHIATE Der`mo*bran"chi*ate, a. Etym: [Derm + branchiate.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the skin modified to serve as a gill.

DERMOHAEMAL Der`mo*hæ"mal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or in relation with, both dermal and hæmal structures; as, the dermohæmal spines or ventral fin rays of fishes.

DERMOID Der"moid, a. Etym: [Derm + -oid: cf. F. dermoïde.]

Defn: Same as Dermatoid. Dermoid cyst (Med.), a cyst containing skin, or structures connected with skin, such as hair.

DERMONEURAL Der`mo*neu"ral, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or in relation with, both dermal and neural structures; as, the dermoneural spines or dorsal fin rays of fishes. Owen.

DERMOPATHIC Der`mo*path"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Dermatopathic.

DERMOPHYTE Der"mo*phyte, n.

Defn: A dermatophyte.

DERMOPTERA Der*mop"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of insects which includes the earwigs (Forticulidæ).

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of lemuroid mammals having a parachutelike web of skin between the fore and hind legs, of which the colugo (Galeopithecus) is the type. See Colugo.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Mammalia; the Cheiroptera. [Written also Dermaptera, and Dermatoptera.]

DERMOPTERAN Der*mop"ter*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An insect which has the anterior pair of wings coriaceous, and does not use them in flight, as the earwig.

DERMOPTERI Der*mop"te*ri, n. pl. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Dermopterygii.

DERMOPTERYGII Der*mop`te*ryg"i*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of fishlike animals including the Marsipobranchiata and Leptocardia.

DERMOSKELETON Der`mo*skel"e*ton, n. Etym: [Derm + skeleton.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Exoskeleton.

DERMOSTOSIS Der`mos*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Ossification of the dermis.

DERN Dern, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: A gatepost or doorpost. [Local Eng.] C. Kingsley.

DERN Dern, a. Etym: [See Dearn, a.]

1. Hidden; concealed; secret. [Obs.] "Ye must be full dern." Chaucer.

2. Solitary; sad. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DERNE Derne, v. t. & i. Etym: [AS. dyrnan to hide. See Dern, a., Dearn, a.]

Defn: To hide; to skulk. [Scot.] He at length escaped them by derning himself in a foxearth. H. Miller.

DERNFUL Dern"ful, a.

Defn: Secret; hence, lonely; sad; mournful. [Obs.] "Dernful noise." Spenser.

DERNIER Der`nier", a. Etym: [F., from OF. darrein, derrain. See Darrein.]

Defn: Last; final. Dernier ressort ( Etym: [F.], last resort or expedient.

DERNLY Dern"ly, adv.

Defn: Secretly; grievously; mournfully. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEROGANT Der"o*gant, a. Etym: [L. derogans, p. pr.]

Defn: Derogatory. [R.] T. Adams.

DEROGATE Der"o*gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Derogated; p. pr. & vb. n. Derogating.] Etym: [L. derogatus, p. p. of derogare to derogate; de- + rogare to ask, to ask the people about a law. See Rogation.]

1. To annul in part; to repeal partly; to restrict; to limit the

## action of; -- said of a law.

By several contrary customs, . . . many of the civil and canon laws are controlled and derogated. Sir M. Hale.

2. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage; to depreciate; -- said of a person or thing. [R.] Anything . . . that should derogate, minish, or hurt his glory and his name. Sir T. More.

DEROGATE Der"o*gate, v. i.

1. To take away; to detract; to withdraw; -- usually with from. If we did derogate from them whom their industry hath made great. Hooker. It derogates little from his fortitude, while it adds infinitely to the honor of his humanity. Burke.

2. To act beneath one-s rank, place, birth, or character; to degenerate. [R.] You are a fool granted; therefore your issues, being foolish, do not derogate. Shak. Would Charles X. derogate from his ancestors Would he be the degenerate scion of that royal line Hazlitt.

DEROGATE Der"o*gate, n. Etym: [L. derogatus, p. p.]

Defn: Diminished in value; dishonored; degraded. [R.] Shak.

DEROGATELY Der"o*gate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a derogatory manner.

DEROGATION Der`o*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. derogatio: cf. F. dérogation.]

1. The act of derogating, partly repealing, or lessening in value; disparagement; detraction; depreciation; -- followed by of, from, or to. I hope it is no derogation to the Christian religion. Locke. He counted it no derogation of his manhood to be seen to weep. F. W. Robertson.

2. (Stock Exch.)

Defn: An alteration of, or subtraction from, a contract for a sale of stocks.

DEROGATIVE De*rog"a*tive, a.

Defn: Derogatory. -- De*rog"a*tive*ly, adv. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

DEROGATOR Der"o*ga`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A detractor.

DEROGATORILY De*rog"a*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a derogatory manner; disparagingly. Aubrey.

DEROGATORINESS De*rog"a*to*ri*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being derogatory.

DEROGATORY De*rog"a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to derogate, or lessen in value; expressing derogation; detracting; injurious; -- with from to, or unto. Acts of Parliament derogatory from the power of subsequent Parliaments bind not. Blackstone. His language was severely censured by some of his brother peers as derogatory to their other. Macaulay. Derogatory clause in a testament (Law), a sentence of secret character inserted by the testator alone, of which he reserves the knowledge to himself, with a condition that no will he may make thereafter shall be valid, unless this clause is inserted word for word; -- a precaution to guard against later wills extorted by violence, or obtained by suggestion.

DEROTREMATA Der`o*tre"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The tribe of aquatic Amphibia which includes Amphiuma, Menopoma, etc. They have permanent gill openings, but no external gills; -- called also Cryptobranchiata. [Written also Derotrema.]

DERRE Der"re, a.

Defn: Dearer. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DERRICK Der"rick, n. Etym: [Orig., a gallows, from a hangman named Derrick. The name is of Dutch origin; D. Diederik, Dierryk, prop. meaning, chief of the people; cf. AS. peódric, E. Theodoric, G. Dietrich. See Dutch, and Rich.]

Defn: A mast, spar, or tall frame, supported at the top by stays or guys, with suitable tackle for hoisting heavy weights, as stones in building. Derrick crane, a combination of the derrick and the crane, having facility for hoisting and also for swinging the load horizontally.

DERRING Der"ring, a.

Defn: Daring or warlike. [Obs.] Drad for his derring doe and bloody deed. Spenser.

DERRINGER Der"rin*ger, n. Etym: [From the American inventor.]

Defn: A kind of short-barreled pocket pistol, of very large caliber, often carrying a half-ounce ball.

DERTH Derth, n.

Defn: Dearth; scarcity. [Obs.] Spenser.

DERTROTHECA Der`tro*the"ca, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The horny covering of the end of the bill of birds.

DERVISH; DERVISE; DERVIS Der"vish, Der"vise, Der"vis, n. Etym: [Per. derw, fr. OPer. derew to beg, ask alms: cf. F. derviche.]

Defn: A Turkish or Persian monk, especially one who professes extreme poverty and leads an austere life.

DERWORTH Der"worth, a. Etym: [AS. deórwurpe, lit., dearworth.]

Defn: Precious. [Obs.] Piers Plowman.

DESCANT Des"cant, n. Etym: [OF. descant, deschant, F. déchant, discant, LL. discantus, fr. L. dis + cantus singing, melody, fr. canere to sing. See Chant, and cf. Descant, v. i., Discant.]

1. (Mus.) (a) Originally, a double song; a melody or counterpoint sung above the plain song of the tenor; a variation of an air; a variation by ornament of the main subject or plain song. (b) The upper voice in part music. (c) The canto, cantus, or soprano voice; the treble. Grove. Twenty doctors expound one text twenty ways, as children make descant upon plain song. Tyndale. She [the nightingale] all night long her amorous descant sung. Milton.

Note: The term has also been used synonymously with counterpoint, or polyphony, which developed out of the French déchant, of the 12th century.

2. A discourse formed on its theme, like variations on a musical air; a comment or comments. Upon that simplest of themes how magnificent a descant! De Quincey.

DESCANT Des*cant", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Descanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Descanting.] Etym: [From descant; n.; or directly fr. OF. descanter, deschanter; L. dis- + cantare to sing.]

1. To sing a variation or accomplishment.

2. To comment freely; to discourse with fullness and particularity; to discourse at large. A virtuous man should be pleased to find people descanting on his

## actions. Addison.

DESCANTER Des*cant"er, n.

Defn: One who descants.

DESCEND De*scend", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Descended; p. pr. & vb. n. Descending.] Etym: [F. descendre, L. descendere, descensum; de- + scandere to climb. See Scan.]

1. To pass from a higher to a lower place; to move downwards; to come or go down in any way, as by falling, flowing, walking, etc.; to plunge; to fall; to incline downward; -- the opposite of ascend. The rain descended, and the floods came. Matt. vii. 25. We will here descend to matters of later date. Fuller.

2. To enter mentally; to retire. [Poetic] [He] with holiest meditations fed, Into himself descended. Milton.

3. To make an attack, or incursion, as if from a vantage ground; to come suddenly and with violence; -- with on or upon. And on the suitors let thy wrath descend. Pope.

4. To come down to a lower, less fortunate, humbler, less virtuous, or worse, state or station; to lower or abase one's self; as, he descended from his high estate.

5. To pass from the more general or important to the particular or less important matters to be considered.

6. To come down, as from a source, original, or stock; to be derived; to proceed by generation or by transmission; to fall or pass by inheritance; as, the beggar may descend from a prince; a crown descends to the heir.

7. (Anat.)

Defn: To move toward the south, or to the southward.

8. (Mus.)

Defn: To fall in pitch; to pass from a higher to a lower tone.

DESCEND De*scend", v. t.

Defn: To go down upon or along; to pass from a higher to a lower part of; as, they descended the river in boats; to descend a ladder. But never tears his cheek descended. Byron.

DESCENDANT De*scend"ant, a. Etym: [F. descendant, p. pr. of descendre. Cf. Descendent.]

Defn: Descendent.

DESCENDANT De*scend"ant, n.

Defn: One who descends, as offspring, however remotely; -- correlative to ancestor or ascendant. Our first parents and their descendants. Hale. The descendant of so many kings and emperors. Burke.

DESCENDENT De*scend"ent, a. Etym: [L. descendens, -entis, p. pr. of descendre. Cf. Descendant.]

Defn: Descending; falling; proceeding from an ancestor or source. More than mortal grace Speaks thee descendent of ethereal race. Pope.

DESCENDER De*scend"er, n.

Defn: One who descends.

DESCENDIBILITY De*scend`i*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being descendible; capability of being transmitted from ancestors; as, the descendibility of an estate.

DESCENDIBLE De*scend"i*ble, a.

1. Admitting descent; capable of being descended.

2. That may descend from an ancestor to an heir. "A descendant estate." Sir W. Jones.

DESCENDING De*scend"ing, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to descent; moving downwards. Descending constellations or signs (Astron.), those through which the planets descent toward the south. -- Descending node (Astron.), that point in a planet's orbit where it intersects the ecliptic in passing southward. -- Descending series (Math.), a series in which each term is numerically smaller than the preceding one; also, a series arranged according to descending powers of a quantity.

DESCENDINGLY De*scend"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a descending manner.

DESCENSION De*scen"sion, n. Etym: [OF. descension, L. descensio. See Descent.]

Defn: The act of going downward; descent; falling or sinking; declension; degradation. Oblique descension (Astron.), the degree or arc of the equator which descends, with a celestial object, below the horizon of an oblique sphere. -- Right descension, the degree or arc of the equator which descends below the horizon of a right sphere at the same time with the object. [Obs.]

DESCENSIONAL De*scen"sion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to descension. Johnson.

DESCENSIVE De*scen"sive, a.

Defn: Tending to descend; tending downwards; descending. Smart.

DESCENSORY De*scen"so*ry, n. Etym: [NL. descensorium: cf. OF. descensoire. See Descend.]

Defn: A vessel used in alchemy to extract oils.

DESCENT De*scent", n. Etym: [F. descente, fr. descendre; like vente, from vendre. See Descend.]

1. The act of descending, or passing downward; change of place from higher to lower.

2. Incursion; sudden attack; especially, hostile invasion from sea; - - often followed by upon or on; as, to make a descent upon the enemy. The United Provinces . . . ordered public prayer to God, when they feared that the French and English fleets would make a descent upon their coasts. Jortin.

3. Progress downward, as in station, virtue, as in station, virtue, and the like, from a higher to a lower state, from a higher to a lower state, from the more to the less important, from the better to the worse, etc.

2. Derivation, as from an ancestor; procedure by generation; lineage; birth; extraction. Dryden.

5. (Law)

Defn: Transmission of an estate by inheritance, usually, but not necessarily, in the descending line; title to inherit an estate by reason of consanguinity. Abbott.

6. Inclination downward; a descending way; inclined or sloping surface; declivity; slope; as, a steep descent.

7. That which is descended; descendants; issue. If care of our descent perplex us most, Which must be born to certain woe. Milton.

8. A step or remove downward in any scale of gradation; a degree in the scale of genealogy; a generation. No man living is a thousand descents removed from Adam himself. Hooker.

9. Lowest place; extreme downward place. [R.] And from the extremest upward of thy head, To the descent and dust below thy foot. Shak.

10. (Mus.)

Defn: A passing from a higher to a lower tone.

Syn. -- Declivity; slope; degradation; extraction; lineage; assault; invasion; attack.

DESCRIBABLE De*scrib"a*ble, a.

Defn: That can be described; capable of description.

DESCRIBE De*scribe", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Described; p. pr. & vb. n. Describing.] Etym: [L. describere, descriptum; de- + scribere to write: cf. OE. descriven, OF. descrivre, F. décrire. See Scribe, and cf. Descry.]

1. To represent by drawing; to draw a plan of; to delineate; to trace or mark out; as, to describe a circle by the compasses; a torch waved about the head in such a way as to describe a circle.

2. To represent by words written or spoken; to give an account of; to make known to others by words or signs; as, the geographer describes countries and cities.

3. To distribute into parts, groups, or classes; to mark off; to class. [Obs.] Passed through the land, and described it by cities into seven parts in a book. Josh. xviii. 9.

Syn. -- To set forth; represent; delineate; relate; recount; narrate; express; explain; depict; portray; chracterize.

DESCRIBE De*scribe", v. i.

Defn: To use the faculty of describing; to give a description; as, Milton describes with uncommon force and beauty.

DESCRIBENT De*scrib"ent, n. Etym: [L. describens, p. pr. of describere.] (Geom.)

Defn: Same as Generatrix.

DESCRIBER De*scrib"er, n.

Defn: One who describes.

DESCRIER De*scri"er, n.

Defn: One who descries.

DESCRIPTION De*scrip"tion, n. Etym: [F. description, L. descriptio. See Describe.]

1. The act of describing; a delineation by marks or signs.

2. A sketch or account of anything in words; a portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the essential qualities of a thing or species. Milton has descriptions of morning. D. Webster.

3. A class to which a certain representation is applicable; kind; sort. A difference . . . between them and another description of public creditors. A. Hamilton. The plates were all of the meanest description. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Account; definition; recital; relation; detail; narrative; narration; explanation; delineation; representation; kind; sort. See Definition.

DESCRIPTIVE De*scrip"tive, a. Etym: [L. descriptivus: cf. F. descriptif.]

Defn: Tending to describe; having the quality of representing; containing description; as, a descriptive figure; a descriptive phrase; a descriptive narration; a story descriptive of the age. Descriptive anatomy, that part of anatomy which treats of the forms and relations of parts, but not of their textures. -- Descriptive geometry, that branch of geometry. which treats of the graphic solution of problems involving three dimensions, by means of projections upon auxiliary planes. Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. ) -- De*scrip"tive*ly, adv. -- De*scrip"tive*ness, n.

DESCRIVE De*scrive", v. t. Etym: [OF. descrivre. See Describe.]

Defn: To describe. [Obs.] Spenser.

DESCRY De*scry", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Descried; p. pr. & vb. n. Descrying.] Etym: [OE. descrien, discrien, to espy, prob. from the proclaiming of what was espied, fr. OF. descrier to proclaim, cry down, decry, F. décrier. The word was confused somewhat with OF. descriven, E. describe, OF. descrivre, from L. describere. See Decry.]

1. To spy out or discover by the eye, as objects distant or obscure; to espy; to recognize; to discern; to discover. And the house of Joseph sent to descry Bethel. Judg. i. 23. Edmund, I think, is gone . . . to descry The strength o' the enemy. Shak. And now their way to earth they had descried. Milton.

2. To discover; to disclose; to reveal. [R.] His purple robe he had thrown aside, lest it should descry him. Milton.

Syn. -- To see; behold; espy; discover; discern.

DESCRY De*scry"

Defn: , Discovery or view, as of an army seen at a distance. [Obs.] Near, and on speedy foot; the main descry Stands on the hourly thought. Shak.

DESECATE Des"e*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. desecare to cut off.]

Defn: To cut, as with a scythe; to mow. [Obs.]

DESECRATE Des"e*crate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desecrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desecrating.] Etym: [L. desecratus, p. p. of desecrare (also desacrare) to consecrate, dedicate; but taken in the sense if to divest of a sacred character; de- + sacrare to consecrate, fr. sacer sacred. See Sacred.]

Defn: To divest of a sacred character or office; to divert from a sacred purpose; to violate the sanctity of; to profane; to put to an unworthy use; -- the opposite of consecrate. The [Russian] clergy can not suffer corporal punishment without being previously desecrated. W. Tooke. The founders of monasteries imprecated evil on those who should desecrate their donations. Salmon.

DESECRATER Des"e*cra`ter, n.

Defn: One who desecrates; a profaner. Harper's Mag.

DESECRATION Des`e*cra"tion, n.

Defn: The act of desecrating; profanation; condition of anything desecrated.

DESECRATOR Des"e*cra`tor, n.

Defn: One who desecrates. "Desecrators of the church." Morley.

DESEGMENTATION De*seg`men*ta"tion, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The loss or obliteration of division into segments; as, a desegmentation of the body.

DESERT De*sert", n. Etym: [OF. deserte, desserte, merit, recompense, fr. deservir, desservir, to merit. See Deserve.]

Defn: That which is deserved; the reward or the punishment justly due; claim to recompense, usually in a good sense; right to reward; merit. According to their deserts will I judge them. Ezek. vii. 27. Andronicus, surnamed Pius For many good and great deserts to Rome. Shak. His reputation falls far below his desert. A. Hamilton.

Syn. -- Merit; worth; excellence; due.

DESERT Des"ert, n. Etym: [F. désert, L. desertum, from desertus solitary, desert, pp. of deserere to desert; de- + serere to join together. See Series.]

1. A deserted or forsaken region; a barren tract incapable of supporting population, as the vast sand plains of Asia and Africa are destitute and vegetation. A dreary desert and a gloomy waste. Pope.

2. A tract, which may be capable of sustaining a population, but has been left unoccupied and uncultivated; a wilderness; a solitary place. He will make her wilderness like Eden, and her desert like the garden of the Lord. Is. li. 3.

Note: Also figuratively. Before her extended Dreary and vast and silent, the desert of life. Longfellow.

DESERT Des"ert, a. Etym: [Cf. L. desertus, p. p. of deserere, and F. désert. See 2d Desert.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a desert; forsaken; without life or cultivation; unproductive; waste; barren; wild; desolate; solitary; as, they landed on a desert island. He . . . went aside privately into a desert place. Luke ix. 10. Full many a flower is born to blush unseen, And waste its sweetness on the desert air. Gray. Desert flora (Bot.), the assemblage of plants growing naturally in a desert, or in a dry and apparently unproductive place. -- Desert hare (Zoöl.), a small hare (Lepus sylvaticus, var. Arizonæ) inhabiting the deserts of the Western United States. -- Desert mouse (Zoöl.), an American mouse (Hesperomys eremicus), living in the Western deserts.

DESERT De*sert", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deserted; p. pr. & vb. n. Deserting.] Etym: [Cf. L. desertus, p. p. of deserere to desert, F. déserter. See 2d Desert.]

1. To leave (especially something which one should stay by and support); to leave in the lurch; to abandon; to forsake; -- implying blame, except sometimes when used of localities; as, to desert a friend, a principle, a cause, one's country. "The deserted fortress." Prescott.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To abandon (the service) without leave; to forsake in violation of duty; to abscond from; as, to desert the army; to desert one's colors.

DESERT De*sert", v. i.

Defn: To abandon a service without leave; to quit military service without permission, before the expiration of one's term; to abscond. The soldiers . . . deserted in numbers. Bancroft.

Syn. -- To abandon; forsake; leave; relinquish; renounce; quit; depart from; abdicate. See Abandon.

DESERTER De*sert"er (, n.

Defn: One who forsakes a duty, a cause or a party, a friend, or any one to whom he owes service; especially, a soldier or a seaman who abandons the service without leave; one guilty of desertion.

DESERTFUL De*sert"ful, a.

Defn: Meritorious. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

DESERTION De*ser"tion, n. Etym: [L. desertio: cf. F. désertion.]

1. The act of deserting or forsaking; abandonment of a service, a cause, a party, a friend, or any post of duty; the quitting of one's duties willfully and without right; esp., an absconding from military or naval service. Such a resignation would have seemed to his superior a desertion or a reproach. Bancroft.

2. The state of being forsaken; desolation; as, the king in his desertion.

3. Abandonment by God; spiritual despondency. The spiritual agonies of a soul under desertion. South.

DESERTLESS De*sert"less, a.

Defn: Without desert. [R.]

DESERTLESSLY De*sert"less*ly, adv.

Defn: Undeservedly. [R.] Beau. & Fl.

DESERTNESS Des"ert*ness, n.

Defn: A deserted condition. [R.] "The desertness of the country." Udall.

DESERTRIX; DESERTRICE De*sert"rix, De*sert"rice, n. Etym: [L. desertrix.]

Defn: A feminine deserter. Milton.

DESERVE De*serve", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deserved; p. pr. & vb. n. Deserving.] Etym: [OF. deservir, desservir, to merit, L. deservire to serve zealously, be devoted to; de- + servire to serve. See Serve.]

1. To earn by service; to be worthy of (something due, either good or evil); to merit; to be entitled to; as, the laborer deserves his wages; a work of value deserves praise. God exacteth of thee less than thine iniquity deserveth. Job xi. 6. John Gay deserved to be a favorite. Thackeray. Encouragement is not held out to things that deserve reprehension. Burke.

2. To serve; to treat; to benefit. [Obs.] A man that hath So well deserved me. Massinger.

DESERVE De*serve", v. i.

Defn: To be worthy of recompense; -- usually with ill or with well. One man may merit or deserve of another. South.

DESERVEDLY De*serv"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: According to desert (whether good or evil); justly.

DESERVEDNESS De*serv"ed*ness, n.

Defn: Meritoriousness.

DESERVER De*serv"er, n.

Defn: One who deserves.

DESERVING De*serv"ing, n.

Defn: Desert; merit. A person of great deservings from the republic. Swift.

DESERVING De*serv"ing, a.

Defn: Meritorious; worthy; as, a deserving or act. -- De*serv"ing*ly, adv.

DESHABILLE Des`ha*bille, n. Etym: [F. déshabillé, fr. déshabiller to undress; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + habiller to dress. See Habiliment, and cf. Dishabille.]

Defn: An undress; a careless toilet.

DESICCANT De*sic"cant, a. Etym: [L. desiccans, p. pr. of desiccare. See Desiccate.]

Defn: Drying; desiccative. -- n.

Defn: (Med.) A medicine or application for drying up a sore. Wiseman.

DESICCATE Des"ic*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desiccated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desiccating.] Etym: [L. desiccatus, p. p. of desiccare to dry up; de- + siccare to dry, siccus dry. See Sack wine.]

Defn: To dry up; to deprive or exhaust of moisture; to preserve by drying; as, to desiccate fish or fruit. Bodies desiccated by heat or age. Bacon.

DESICCATE Des"ic*cate, v. i.

Defn: To become dry.

DESICCATION Des`ic*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dessiccation.]

Defn: The act of desiccating, or the state of being desiccated.

DESICCATIVE De*sic"ca*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dessicatif.]

Defn: Drying; tending to dry. Ferrand. -- n. (Med.)

Defn: An application for drying up secretions.

DESICCATOR Des"ic*ca`tor, n.

1. One who, or that which, desiccates.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A short glass jar fitted with an air-tight cover, and containing some desiccating agent, as sulphuric acid or calcium chloride, above which is suspended the material to be dried, or preserved from moisture.

DESICCATORY De*sic"ca*to*ry, a.

Defn: Desiccative.

DESIDERABLE De*sid"er*a*ble, a.

Defn: Desirable. [R.] "Good and desiderable things." Holland.

DESIDERATA De*sid`e*ra"ta, n. pl.

Defn: See Desideratum.

DESIDERATE De*sid"er*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desiderated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desiderating.] Etym: [L. desideratus, p. p. of desiderare to desire, miss. See Desire, and cf. Desideratum.]

Defn: To desire; to feel the want of; to lack; to miss; to want. Pray have the goodness to point out one word missing that ought to have been there -- please to insert a desiderated stanza. You can not. Prof. Wilson. Men were beginning . . . to desiderate for them an actual abode of fire. A. W. Ward.

DESIDERATION De*sid`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. desideratio.]

Defn: Act of desiderating; also, the thing desired. [R.] Jeffrey.

DESIDERATIVE De*sid"er*a*tive, a. Etym: [L. desiderativus.]

Defn: Denoting desire; as, desiderative verbs.

DESIDERATIVE De*sid"er*a*tive, n.

1. An object of desire.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: A verb formed from another verb by a change of termination, and expressing the desire of doing that which is indicated by the primitive verb.

DESIDERATUM De*sid`e*ra"tum, n.; pl. Desiderata. Etym: [L., fr. desideratus, p. p. See Desiderate.]

Defn: Anything desired; that of which the lack is felt; a want generally felt and acknowledge.

DESIDIOSE; DESIDIOUS De*sid"i*ose`, De*sid"i*ous, a. Etym: [L. desidiosus, fr. desidia a sitting idle, fr. desid to sit idle; de- + sed to sit.]

Defn: Idle; lazy. [Obs.]

DESIDIOUSNESS De*sid"i*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being desidiose, or indolent. [Obs.] N. Bacon.

DESIGHT De*sight", n. Etym: [Pref. de- + sight.]

Defn: An unsightly object. [Obs.]

DESIGHTMENT De*sight"ment, n.

Defn: The act of making unsightly; disfigurement. [R.] To substitute jury masts at whatever desightment or damage in risk. London Times.

DESIGN De*sign", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Designed; p. pr. & vb. n. Designing.] Etym: [F. désigner to designate, cf. F. dessiner to draw, dessin drawing, dessein a plan or scheme; all, ultimately, from L. designare to designate; de- + signare to mark, mark out, signum mark, sign. See Sign, and cf. Design, n., Designate.]

1. To draw preliminary outline or main features of; to sketch for a pattern or model; to delineate; to trace out; to draw. Dryden.

2. To mark out and exhibit; to designate; to indicate; to show; to point out; to appoint. We shall see Justice design the victor's chivalry. Shak. Meet me to-morrow where the master And this fraternity shall design. Beau. & Fl.

3. To create or produce, as a work of art; to form a plan or scheme of; to form in idea; to invent; to project; to lay out in the mind; as, a man designs an essay, a poem, a statue, or a cathedral.

4. To intend or purpose; -- usually with for before the remote object, but sometimes with to. Ask of politicians the end for which laws were originally designed. Burke. He was designed to the study of the law. Dryden.

Syn. -- To sketch; plan; purpose; intend; propose; project; mean.

DESIGN De*sign", v. i.

Defn: To form a design or designs; to plan. Design for, to intend to go to. [Obs.] "From this city she designed for Collin [Cologne]." Evelyn.

DESIGN De*sign", n. Etym: [Cf. dessein, dessin.]

1. A preliminary sketch; an outline or pattern of the main features of something to be executed, as of a picture, a building, or a decoration; a delineation; a plan.

2. A plan or scheme formed in the mind of something to be done; preliminary conception; idea intended to be expressed in a visible form or carried into action; intention; purpose; -- often used in a bad sense for evil intention or purpose; scheme; plot. The vast design and purposTennyson. The leaders of that assembly who withstood the designs of a besotted woman. Hallam. A . . . settled design upon another man's life. Locke. How little he could guess the secret designs of the court! Macaulay.

3. Specifically, intention or purpose as revealed or inferred from the adaptation of means to an end; as, the argument from design.

4. The realization of an inventive or decorative plan; esp., a work of decorative art considered as a new creation; conception or plan shown in completed work; as, this carved panel is a fine design, or of a fine design.

5. (Mus.)

Defn: The invention and conduct of the subject; the disposition of every part, and the general order of the whole. Arts of design, those into which the designing of artistic forms and figures enters as a principal part, as architecture, painting, engraving, sculpture. -- School of design, one in which are taught the invention and delineation of artistic or decorative figures, patterns, and the like.

Syn. -- Intention; purpose; scheme; project; plan; idea. -- Design, Intention, Purpose. Design has reference to something definitely aimed at. Intention points to the feelings or desires with which a thing is sought. Purpose has reference to a settled choice or determination for its attainment. "I had no design to injure you," means it was no part of my aim or object. "I had no intention to injure you," means, I had no wish or desire of that kind. "My purpose was directly the reverse," makes the case still stronger. Is he a prudent man . . . that lays designs only for a day, without any prospect to the remaining part of his life Tillotson. I wish others the same intention, and greater successes. Sir W. Temple. It is the purpose that makes strong the vow. Shak.

DESIGNABLE Des"ig*na*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being designated or distinctly marked out; distinguishable. Boyle.

DESIGNATE Des"ig*nate, a. Etym: [L. designatus, p. p. of designare. See Design, v. t.]

Defn: Designated; appointed; chosen. [R.] Sir G. Buck.

DESIGNATE Des"ig*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Designated; p. pr. & vb. n. Designating.]

1. To mark out and make known; to point out; to name; to indicate; to show; to distinguish by marks or description; to specify; as, to designate the boundaries of a country; to designate the rioters who are to be arrested.

2. To call by a distinctive title; to name.

3. To indicate or set apart for a purpose or duty; -- with to or for; to designate an officer for or to the command of a post or station.

Syn. -- To name; denominate; style; entitle; characterize; describe.

DESIGNATION Des`ig*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. designatio: cf. F. désignation.]

1. The act of designating; a pointing out or showing; indication.

2. Selection and appointment for a purpose; allotment; direction.

3. That which designates; a distinguishing mark or name; distinctive title; appellation. The usual designation of the days of the week. Whewell.

4. Use or application; import; intention; signification, as of a word or phrase. Finite and infinite seem . . . to be attributed primarily, in their first designation, only to those things have parts. Locke.

DESIGNATIVE Des"ig*na*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. désignatif.]

Defn: Serving to designate or indicate; pointing out.

DESIGNATOR Des"ig*na`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

1. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: An officer who assigned to each his rank and place in public shows and ceremonies.

2. One who designates.

DESIGNATORY Des"ig*na*to*ry, a.

Defn: Serving to designate; designative; indicating. [R.]

DESIGNEDLY De*sign"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: By design; purposely; intentionally; -- opposed to accidentally, ignorantly, or inadvertently.

DESIGNER De*sign"er, n.

1. One who designs, marks out, or plans; a contriver.

2. (Fine Arts)

Defn: One who produces or creates original works of art or decoration.

3. A plotter; a schemer; -- used in a bad sense.

DESIGNFUL De*sign"ful, a.

Defn: Full of design; scheming. [R.] -- De*sign"ful*ness, n. [R.] Barrow.

DESIGNING De*sign"ing, a.

Defn: Intriguing; artful; scheming; as, a designing man.

DESIGNING De*sign"ing, n.

Defn: The act of making designs or sketches; the act of forming designs or plans.

DESIGNLESS De*sign"less, a.

Defn: Without design. [Obs.] -- De*sign"less*ly, adv. [Obs.]

DESIGNMENT De*sign"ment, n.

1. Delineation; sketch; design; ideal; invention. [Obs.] For though that some mean artist's skill were shown In mingling colors, or in placing light, Yet still the fair designment was his own. Dryden.

2. Design; purpose; scheme. [Obs.] Shak.

DESILVER De*sil"ver, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of silver; as, to desilver lead.

DESILVERIZATION De*sil`ver*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or the process of freeing from silver; also, the condition resulting from the removal of silver.

DESILVERIZE De*sil"ver*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive, or free from, silver; to remove silver from.

DESINENCE Des"i*nence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désinence.]

Defn: Termination; ending. Bp. Hall.

DESINENT Des"i*nent, a. Etym: [L. desinens, p. pr. of desinere, desitum, to leave off, cease; de- + sinere to let, allow.]

Defn: Ending; forming an end; lowermost. [Obs.] "Their desinent parts, fish." B. Jonson.

DESINENTIAL Des`i*nen"tial, a. Etym: [Cf. F. désinentiel.]

Defn: Terminal. Furthermore, b, as a desinential element, has a dynamic function. Fitzed. Hall.

DESIPIENT De*sip"i*ent, a. Etym: [L. desipiens, p. pr. of desipere to be foolish; de- + sapere to be wise.]

Defn: Foolish; silly; trifling. [R.]

DESIRABILITY De*sir`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being desirable; desirableness.

DESIRABLE De*sir"a*ble, a. Etym: [F. désirable, fr. L. desiderabilis. See Desire, v. t.]

Defn: Worthy of desire or longing; fitted to excite desire or a wish to possess; pleasing; agreeable. All of them desirable young men. Ezek. xxiii. 12. As things desirable excite Desire, and objects move the appetite. Blackmore.

DESIRABLENESS De*sir"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being desirable. The desirableness of the Austrian alliance. Froude.

DESIRABLY De*sir"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In a desirable manner.

DESIRE De*sire", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desired; p. pr. & vb. n. Desiring.] Etym: [F. désirer, L. desiderare, origin uncertain, perh. fr. de- + sidus star, constellation, and hence orig., to turn the eyes from the stars. Cf. Consider, and Desiderate, and see Sidereal.]

1. To long for; to wish for earnestly; to covet. Neither shall any man desire thy land. Ex. xxxiv. 24. Ye desire your child to live. Tennyson.

2. To express a wish for; to entreat; to request. Then she said, Did I desire a son of my lord 2 Kings iv. 28. Desire him to go in; trouble him no more. Shak.

3. To require; to demand; to claim. [Obs.] A doleful case desires a doleful song. Spenser.

4. To miss; to regret. [Obs.] She shall be pleasant while she lives, and desired when she dies. Jer. Taylor.

Syn. -- To long for; hanker after; covet; wish; ask; request; solicit; entreat; beg. -- To Desire, Wish. In desire the feeling is usually more eager than in wish. "I wish you to do this" is a milder form of command than "I desire you to do this," though the feeling prompting the injunction may be the usage C. J. Smith.

DESIRE De*sire", n. Etym: [F. désir, fr. désirer. See Desire, v. t.]

1. The natural longing that is excited by the enjoyment or the thought of any good, and impels to action or effort its continuance or possession; an eager wish to obtain or enjoy. Unspeakable desire to see and know. Milton.

2. An expressed wish; a request; petition. And slowly was my mother brought To yield consent to my desire. Tennyson.

3. Anything which is desired; an object of longing. The Desire of all nations shall come. Hag. ii. 7.

4. Excessive or morbid longing; lust; appetite.

5. Grief; regret. [Obs.] Chapman.

Syn. -- Wish; appetency; craving; inclination; eagerness; aspiration; longing.

DESIREFUL De*sire"ful, a.

Defn: Filled with desire; eager. [R.] The desireful troops. Godfrey (1594).

DESIREFULNESS De*sire"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being desireful; eagerness to obtain and possess. [R.] The desirefulness of our minds much augmenteth and increaseth our pleasure. Udall.

DESIRELESS De*sire"less, a.

Defn: Free from desire. Donne.

DESIRER De*sir"er, n.

Defn: One who desires, asks, or wishes.

DESIROUS De*sir"ous, a. Etym: [F. désireux, OF. desiros, fr. desir. See Desire, n.]

Defn: Feeling desire; eagerly wishing; solicitous; eager to obtain; covetous. Jesus knew that they were desirous to ask him. John xvi. 19. Be not desirous of his dainties. Prov. xxiii. 3.

DESIROUSLY De*sir"ous*ly, adv.

Defn: With desire; eagerly.

DESIROUSNESS De*sir"ous*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being desirous.

DESIST De*sist", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Desisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Desisting.] Etym: [L. desistere; de- + sistere to stand, stop, fr. stare to stand: cf. F. désister. See Stand.]

Defn: To cease to proceed or act; to stop; to forbear; -- often with from. Never desisting to do evil. E. Hall. To desist from his bad practice. Massinger. Desist (thou art discern'd, And toil'st in vain). Milton.

DESISTANCE De*sist"ance, n. Etym: [Cf. F. desistance.]

Defn: The act or state of desisting; cessation. [R.] Boyle. If fatigue of body or brain were in every case followed by desistance . . . then would the system be but seldom out of working order. H. Spencer.

DESISTIVE De*sist"ive, a. Etym: [See Desist.]

Defn: Final; conclusive; ending. [R.]

DESITION De*si"tion, n. Etym: [See Desinent.]

Defn: An end or ending. [R.]

DESITIVE Des"i*tive, a.

Defn: Final; serving to complete; conclusive. [Obs.] "Desitive propositions." I. Watts.

DESITIVE Des"i*tive, n. (Logic)

Defn: A proposition relating to or expressing an end or conclusion. [Obs.] I. Watts.

DESK Desk, n. Etym: [OE. deske, the same word as dish, disk. See Dish, and cf. Disk.]

1. A table, frame, or case, usually with sloping top, but often with flat top, for the use writers and readers. It often has a drawer or repository underneath.

2. A reading table or lectern to support the book from which the liturgical service is read, differing from the pulpit from which the sermon is preached; also (esp. in the United States), a pulpit. Hence, used symbolically for "the clerical profession."

DESK Desk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desked; p. pr. & vb. n. Desking.]

Defn: To shut up, as in a desk; to treasure.

DESKWORK Desk"work`, n.

Defn: Work done at a desk, as by a clerk or writer. Tennyson.

DESMAN Des"man, n. Etym: [Cf. Sw. desman musk.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An amphibious, insectivorous mammal found in Russia (Myogale moschata). It is allied to the moles, but is called muscrat by some English writers. [Written also dæsman.]

DESMID; DESMIDIAN Des"mid, Des*mid"i*an, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A microscopic plant of the family Desmidiæ, a group of unicellular algæ in which the species have a greenish color, and the cells generally appear as if they consisted of two coalescing halves.

DESMINE Des"mine, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: Same as Stilbite. It commonly occurs in bundles or tufts of crystals.

DESMOBACTERIA Des`mo*bac*te"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [Gr. bacteria.]

Defn: See Microbacteria.

DESMODONT Des"mo*dont, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A member of a group of South American blood-sucking bats, of the genera Desmodus and Diphylla. See Vampire.

DESMOGNATHOUS Des*mog"na*thous, a. Etym: [Gr. desmo`s bond + (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the maxillo-palatine bones united; -- applied to a group of carinate birds (Desmognathæ), including various wading and swimming birds, as the ducks and herons, and also raptorial and other kinds.

DESMOID Des"moid, a. Etym: [Gr. desmo`s ligament + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Resembling, or having the characteristics of, a ligament; ligamentous.

DESMOLOGY Des*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. desmo`s ligament + -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the ligaments. [R.]

DESMOMYARIA Des`mo*my*a"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The division of Tunicata which includes the Salpæ. See Salpa.

DESOLATE Des"o*late, a. Etym: [L. desolatus, p. p. of desolare to leave alone, forsake; de- + solare to make lonely, solus alone. See Sole, a.]

1. Destitute or deprived of inhabitants; deserted; uninhabited; hence, gloomy; as, a desolate isle; a desolate wilderness; a desolate house. I will make Jerusalem . . . a den of dragons, and I will make the cities of Judah desolate, without an inhabitant. Jer. ix. 11. And the silvery marish flowers that throng The desolate creeks and pools among. Tennyson.

2. Laid waste; in a ruinous condition; neglected; destroyed; as, desolate altars.

3. Left alone; forsaken; lonely; comfortless. Have mercy upon, for I am desolate. Ps. xxv. 16. Voice of the poor and desolate. Keble.

4. Lost to shame; dissolute. [Obs.] Chaucer.

5. Destitute of; lacking in. [Obs.] I were right now of tales desolate. Chaucer.

Syn. -- Desert; uninhabited; lonely; waste.

DESOLATE Des"o*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desolated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desolating.]

1. To make desolate; to leave alone; to deprive of inhabitants; as, the earth was nearly desolated by the flood.

2. To lay waste; to ruin; to ravage; as, a fire desolates a city. Constructed in the very heart of a desolating war. Sparks.

DESOLATELY Des"o*late*ly, adv.

Defn: In a desolate manner.

DESOLATENESS Des"o*late*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being desolate.

DESOLATER Des"o*la`ter, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, desolates or lays waste. Mede.

DESOLATION Des`o*la"tion, n. Etym: [F. désolation, L. desolatio.]

1. The act of desolating or laying waste; destruction of inhabitants; depopulation. Unto the end of the war desolations are determined. Dan. ix. 26.

2. The state of being desolated or laid waste; ruin; solitariness; destitution; gloominess. You would have sold your king to slaughter, . . . And his whole kingdom into desolation. Shak.

3. A place or country wasted and forsaken. How is Babylon become a desolation! Jer. l. 23.

Syn. -- Waste; ruin; destruction; havoc; devastation; ravage; sadness; destitution; melancholy; gloom; gloominess.

DESOLATOR Des"o*la`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Same as Desolater. Byron.

DESOLATORY Des"o*la*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. desolatorius.]

Defn: Causing desolation. [R.] Bp. Hall.

DESOPHISTICATE De`so*phis"ti*cate, v. t.

Defn: To clear from sophism or error. [R.] Hare.

DESOXALIC Des`ox*al"ic, a. Etym: [F. pref. des- from + E. oxalic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Made or derived from oxalic acid; as, desoxalic acid.

DESPAIR De*spair", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Despaired; p. pr. & vb. n. Despairing.] Etym: [OE. despeiren, dispeiren, OF. desperer, fr. L. desperare; de- + sperare to hope; akin to spes hope, and perh. to spatium space, E. space, speed; cf. OF. espeir hope, F. espoir. Cf. Prosper, Desperate.]

Defn: To be hopeless; to have no hope; to give up all hope or expectation; -- often with of. We despaired even of life. 2 Cor. i. 8. Never despair of God's blessings here. Wake.

Syn. -- See Despond.

DESPAIR De*spair", v. t.

1. To give up as beyond hope or expectation; to despair of. [Obs.] I would not despair the greatest design that could be attempted. Milton.

2. To cause to despair. [Obs.] Sir W. Williams.

DESPAIR De*spair", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. despoir, fr. desperer.]

1. Loss of hope; utter hopelessness; complete despondency. We in dark dreams are tossing to and fro, Pine with regret, or sicken with despair. Keble. Before he [Bunyan] was ten, his sports were interrupted by fits of remorse and despair. Macaulay.

2. That which is despaired of. "The mere despair of surgery he cures." Shak.

Syn. -- Desperation; despondency; hopelessness.

DESPAIRER De*spair"er, n.

Defn: One who despairs.

DESPAIRFUL De*spair"ful, a.

Defn: Hopeless. [Obs.] Spenser.

DESPAIRING De*spair"ing, a.

Defn: Feeling or expressing despair; hopeless. -- De*spair"ing*ly, adv. -- De*spair"ing*ness, n.

DESPARPLE De*spar"ple, v. t. & i. Etym: [OF. desparpeillier.]

Defn: To scatter; to disparkle. [Obs.] Mandeville.

DESPATCH De*spatch", n. & v.

Defn: Same as Dispatch.

DESPECIFICATE De`spe*cif"i*cate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- (intens.) + specificate.]

Defn: To discriminate; to separate according to specific signification or qualities; to specificate; to desynonymize. [R.] Inaptitude and ineptitude have been usefully despecificated. Fitzed. Hall.

DESPECIFICATION De*spec`ifi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: Discrimination.

DESPECT De*spect", n. Etym: [L. despectus, fr. despicere. See Despite, n.]

Defn: Contempt. [R.] Coleridge.

DESPECTION De*spec"tion, n. Etym: [L. despectio.]

Defn: A looking down; a despising. [R.] W. Montagu.

DESPEED De*speed", v. t.

Defn: To send hastily. [Obs.] Despeeded certain of their crew. Speed.

DESPEND De*spend", v. t.

Defn: To spend; to squander. See Dispend. [Obs.] Some noble men in Spain can despend Howell.

DESPERADO Des`per*a"do, n.; pl. Desperadoes. Etym: [OSp. desperado, p. p. of desperar, fr. L. desperare. See Desperate.]

Defn: A reckless, furious man; a person urged by furious passions, and regardless of consequence; a wild ruffian.

DESPERATE Des"per*ate, a. Etym: [L. desperatus, p. p. of desperare. See Despair, and cf. Desperado.]

1. Without hope; given to despair; hopeless. [Obs.] I am desperate of obtaining her. Shak.

2. Beyond hope; causing despair; extremely perilous; irretrievable; past cure, or, at least, extremely dangerous; as, a desperate disease; desperate fortune.

3. Proceeding from, or suggested by, despair; without regard to danger or safety; reckless; furious; as, a desperate effort. "Desperate expedients." Macaulay.

4. Extreme, in a bad sense; outrageous; -- used to mark the extreme predominance of a bad quality. A desperate offendress against nature. Shak. The most desperate of reprobates. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Hopeless; despairing; desponding; rash; headlong; precipitate; irretrievable; irrecoverable; forlorn; mad; furious; frantic.

DESPERATE Des"per*ate, n.

Defn: One desperate or hopeless. [Obs.]

DESPERATELY Des"per*ate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a desperate manner; without regard to danger or safety; recklessly; extremely; as, the troops fought desperately. She fell desperately in love with him. Addison.

DESPERATENESS Des"per*ate*ness n.

Defn: Desperation; virulence.

DESPERATION Des`per*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. desperatio: cf. OF. desperation.]

1. The act of despairing or becoming desperate; a giving up of hope. This desperation of success chills all our industry. Hammond.

2. A state of despair, or utter hopeless; abandonment of hope; extreme recklessness; reckless fury. In the desperation of the moment, the officers even tried to cut their way through with their swords. W. Irving.

DESPICABILITY Des`pi*ca*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Despicableness. [R.] Carlyle.

DESPICABLE Des"pi*ca*ble, a. Etym: [L. despicabilis, fr. despicari to despise; akin to despicere. See Despise.]

Defn: Fit or deserving to be despised; contemptible; mean; vile; worthless; as, a despicable man; despicable company; a despicable gift.

Syn. -- Contemptible; mean; vile; worthless; pitiful; paltry; sordid; low; base. See Contemptible.

DESPICABLENESS Des"pi*ca*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being despicable; meanness; vileness; worthlessness.

DESPICABLY Des"pi*ca*bly, adv.

Defn: In a despicable or mean manner; contemptibly; as, despicably stingy.

DESPICIENCY Des*pi"cien*cy, n. Etym: [L. despicientia. See Despise.]

Defn: A looking down; despection. [Obs.]

DESPISABLE De*spis"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. despisable.]

Defn: Despicable; contemptible. [R.]

DESPISAL De*spis"al, n.

Defn: A despising; contempt. [R.] A despisal of religion. South.

DESPISE De*spise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Despised; p. pr. & vb. n. Despising.] Etym: [OF. despis-, in some forms of despire to despise, fr. L. despicere, despectum, to look down upon, despise; de- + spicere, specere, to look. See Spy, and cf. Despicable, Despite.]

Defn: To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous dislike of. Fools despise wisdom and instruction. Prov. i. 7. Men naturally despise those who court them, but respect those who do not give way to them. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

Syn. -- To contemn; scorn; disdain; slight; undervalue. See Contemn.

DESPISEDNESS De*spis"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being despised.

DESPISEMENT De*spise"ment, n.

Defn: A despising. [R.] Holland.

DESPISER De*spis"er, n.

Defn: One who despises; a contemner; a scorner.

DESPISINGLY De*spis"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Contemptuously.

DESPITE De*spite", n. Etym: [OF. despit, F. dépit, fr. L. despectus contempt, fr. despicere. See Despise, and cf. Spite, Despect.]

1. Malice; malignity; spite; malicious anger; contemptuous hate. With all thy despite against the land of Israel. Ezek. xxv. 6.

2. An act of malice, hatred, or defiance; contemptuous defiance; a deed of contempt. A despite done against the Most High. Milton. In despite, in defiance of another's power or inclination. -- In despite of, in defiance of; in spite of. See under Spite. "Seized my hand in despite of my efforts to the contrary." W. Irving. -- In your despite, in defiance or contempt of you; in spite of you. [Obs.]

DESPITE De*spite", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Despited; p. pr. & vb. n. Despiting.] Etym: [OF. despitier, fr. L. despectare, intens. of despicere. See Despite, n.]

Defn: To vex; to annoy; to offend contemptuously. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

DESPITE De*spite", prep.

Defn: In spite of; against, or in defiance of; notwithstanding; as, despite his prejudices.

Syn. -- See Notwithstanding.

DESPITEFUL De*spite"ful, a. Etym: [See Despite, and cf. Spiteful.]

Defn: Full of despite; expressing malice or contemptuous hate; malicious. -- De*spite"ful*ly, adv. -- De*spite"ful*ness, n. Haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters. Rom. i. 30. Pray for them which despitefully use you. Matt. v. 44. Let us examine him with despitefulness and fortune. Book of Wisdom ii. 19.

DESPITEOUS Des*pit"e*ous, a. Etym: [OE. despitous, OF. despiteus, fr. despit; affected in form by E. piteous. See Despite.]

Defn: Feeling or showing despite; malicious; angry to excess; cruel; contemptuous. [Obs.] "Despiteous reproaches." Holland.

DESPITEOUSLY Des*pit"e*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: Despitefully. [Obs.]

DESPITOUS De*spit"ous, a.

Defn: Despiteous; very angry; cruel. [Obs.] He was to sinful man not despitous. Chaucer. - De*spit"ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]

DESPOIL De*spoil", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Despoiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Despoiling.] Etym: [OF. despoiller, F. dépouiller, L. despoliare, despoliatum; de- + spoliare to strip, rob, spolium spoil, booty. Cf. Spoil, Despoliation.]

1. To strip, as of clothing; to divest or unclothe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To deprive for spoil; to plunder; to rob; to pillage; to strip; to divest; -- usually followed by of. The clothed earth is then bare, Despoiled is the summer fair. Gower. A law which restored to them an immense domain of which they had been despoiled. Macaulay. Despoiled of innocence, of faith, of bliss. Milton.

Syn. -- To strip; deprive; rob; bereave; rifle.

DESPOIL De*spoil", n.

Defn: Spoil. [Obs.] Wolsey.

DESPOILER De*spoil"er, n.

Defn: One who despoils.

DESPOILMENT De*spoil"ment, n.

Defn: Despoliation. [R.]

DESPOLIATION De*spo`li*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. despoliatio. See Despoil.]

Defn: A stripping or plundering; spoliation. Bailey.

DESPOND De*spond", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Desponded; p. pr. & vb. n. Desponding.] Etym: [L. despond, desponsum, to promise away, promise in marriage, give up, to lose (courage); de- + spond to promise solemnly. See Sponsor.]

Defn: To give up, the will, courage, or spirit; to be thoroughly disheartened; to lose all courage; to become dispirited or depressed; to take an unhopeful view. I should despair, or at least despond. Scott's Letters. Others depress their own minds, [and] despond at the first difficulty. Locke. We wish that . . . desponding patriotism may turn its eyes hitherward, and be assured that foundations of our national power still stand strong. D. Webster.

Syn. -- Despond, Dispair. Despair implies a total loss of hope, which despond does not, at least in every case; yet despondency is often more lasting than despair, or than desperation, which impels to violent action.

DESPOND De*spond" n.

Defn: Despondency. [Obs.] The slough of despond. Bunyan.

DESPONDENCE De*spond"ence, n.

Defn: Despondency. The people, when once infected, lose their relish for happiness [and] saunter about with looks of despondence. Goldsmith.

DESPONDENCY De*spond"en*cy, n.

Defn: The state of desponding; loss of hope and cessation of effort; discouragement; depression or dejection of the mind. The unhappy prince seemed, during some days, to be sunk in despondency. Macaulay.

DESPONDENT De*spond"ent, a. Etym: [L. despondens, -entis, p. pr. of despond.]

Defn: Marked by despondence; given to despondence; low-spirited; as, a despondent manner; a despondent prisoner. -- De*spond"ent*ly, adv.

DESPONDER De*spond"er, n.

Defn: One who desponds.

DESPONDINGLY De*spond"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a desponding manner.

DESPONSAGE De*spon"sage, n. Etym: [From L. desponsus, p. p. See Despond.]

Defn: Betrothal. [Obs.] Ethelbert . . . went peaceably to King Offa for desponsage of Athilrid, his daughter. Foxe.

DESPONSATE De*spon"sate, v. t. Etym: [L. desponsatus, p. p. of desponsare, intens. of despondere to betroth. See Despond.]

Defn: To betroth. [Obs.] Johnson.

DESPONSATION Des`pon*sa"tion, n. Etym: [L. desponsatio: cf. OF. desponsation.]

Defn: A betrothing; betrothal. [Obs.] For all this desponsation of her . . . she had not set one step toward the consummation of her marriage. Jer. Taylor.

DESPONSORY De*spon"so*ry, n.; pl. Desponsories (.

Defn: A written pledge of marriage. Clarendon.

DESPORT De*sport", v. t. & i.

Defn: See Disport.

DESPOT Des"pot, n. Etym: [F. despote, LL. despotus, fr. Gr. potens. See Potent.]

1. A master; a lord; especially, an absolute or irresponsible ruler or sovereign. Irresponsible power in human hands so naturally leads to it, that cruelty has become associated with despot and tyrant. C. J. Smith.

2. One who rules regardless of a constitution or laws; a tyrant.

DESPOTAT Des"po*tat, n. Etym: [Cf. F. despotat.]

Defn: The station or government of a despot; also, the domain of a despot. Freeman.

DESPOTIC; DESPOTICAL Des*pot"ic, Des*pot"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. despotique.]

Defn: Having the character of, or pertaining to, a despot; absolute in power; possessing and abusing unlimited power; evincing despotism; tyrannical; arbitrary. -- Des*pot"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Des*pot"ic*al*ness, n.

DESPOTISM Des"po*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. despotisme.]

1. The power, spirit, or principles of a despot; absolute control over others; tyrannical sway; tyranny. "The despotism of vice." Byron.

2. A government which is directed by a despot; a despotic monarchy; absolutism; autocracy. Despotism . . . is the only form of government which may with safety to itself neglect the education of its infant poor. Bp. Horsley.

DESPOTIST Des"po*tist, n.

Defn: A supporter of despotism. [R.]

DESPOTIZE Des"po*tize, v. t.

Defn: To act the despot.

DESPREAD De*spread", v. t. & i.

Defn: See Dispread.

DESPUMATE Des"pu*mate, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Despumated; p. pr. & vb. n. Despumating.] Etym: [L. despumatus, p. p. of despumare to despume; de- + spumare to foam, froth, spuma froth, scum.]

Defn: To throw off impurities in spume; to work off in foam or scum; to foam.

DESPUMATION Des`pu*ma"tion, n. Etym: [L. despumatio: cf. F. despumation.]

Defn: The act of throwing up froth or scum; separation of the scum or impurities from liquids; scumming; clarification.

DESPUME De*spume", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. despumer. See Despumate.]

Defn: To free from spume or scum. [Obs.] If honey be despumed. Holland.

DESQUAMATE Des"qua*mate, v. i. Etym: [L. desquamatus, p. p. of desquamare to scale off; de- + squama scale.] (Med.)

Defn: To peel off in the form of scales; to scale off, as the skin in certain diseases.

DESQUAMATION Des`qua*ma"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. desquamation.] (Med.)

Defn: The separation or shedding of the cuticle or epidermis in the form of flakes or scales; exfoliation, as of bones.

DESQUAMATIVE; DESQUAMATORY De*squam"a*tive, De*squam"a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or attended with, desquamation.

DESQUAMATORY De*squam"a*to*ry, n. (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument formerly used in removing the laminæ of exfoliated bones.

DESS Dess, n.

Defn: Dais. [Obs.]

DESSERT Des*sert", n. Etym: [F., fr. desservir to remove from table, to clear the table; pref. des- (L. dis-) + servir to serve, to serve at table. See Serve.]

Defn: A service of pastry, fruits, or sweetmeats, at the close of a feast or entertainment; pastry, fruits, etc., forming the last course at dinner. "An 't please your honor," quoth the peasant, "This same dessert is not so pleasant." Pope. Dessert spoon, a spoon used in eating dessert; a spoon intermediate in size between a teaspoon and a tablespoon. -- Dessert-spoonful, n., pl. Dessert-spoonfuls, as much as a dessert spoon will hold, usually reckoned at about two and a half fluid drams.

DESTEMPER Des*tem"per, n. Etym: [Cf. F. détrempe, fr. détremper.]

Defn: A kind of painting. See Distemper.

DESTIN Des"tin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. destin.]

Defn: Destiny. [Obs.] Marston.

DESTINABLE Des"ti*na*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. destinable.]

Defn: Determined by destiny; fated. Chaucer.

DESTINABLY Des"ti*na*bly, adv.

Defn: In a destinable manner.

DESTINAL Des"ti*nal, a.

Defn: Determined by destiny; fated. [Obs.] "The order destinal." Chaucer.

DESTINATE Des"ti*nate, a. Etym: [L. destinatus, p. p. of destinare. See Destine.]

Defn: Destined. [Obs.] "Destinate to hell." Foxe.

DESTINATE Des"ti*nate, v. t.

Defn: To destine, design, or choose. [Obs.] "That name that God . . . did destinate." Udall.

DESTINATION Des`ti*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. destinatio determination: cf. F. destination destination.]

1. The act of destining or appointing.

2. Purpose for which anything is destined; predetermined end, object, or use; ultimate design.

3. The place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent; place or point aimed at.

Syn. -- Appointment; design; purpose; intention; destiny; lot; fate; end.

DESTINE Des"tine, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Destined; p. pr. & vb. n. Destining.] Etym: [F. destiner, L. destinare; de + the root of stare to stand. See Stand, and cf. Obstinate.]

Defn: To determine the future condition or application of; to set apart by design for a future use or purpose; to fix, as by destiny or by an authoritative decree; to doom; to ordain or preordain; to appoint; -- often with the remoter object preceded by to or for. We are decreed, Reserved, and destined to eternal woe. Milton. Till the loathsome opposite Of all my heart had destined, did obtain. Tennyson. Not enjoyment and not sorrow Is our destined end or way. Longfellow.

Syn. -- To design; mark out; determine; allot; choose; intend; devote; consecrate; doom.

DESTINIST Des"ti*nist, n.

Defn: A believer in destiny; a fatalist. [R.]

DESTINY Des"ti*ny, n.; pl. Destinies. Etym: [OE. destinee, destene, F. destinée, from destiner. See Destine.]

1. That to which any person or thing is destined; predetermined state; condition foreordained by the Divine or by human will; fate; lot; doom. Thither he Will come to know his destiny. Shak. No man of woman born, Coward or brave, can shun his destiny. Bryant.

2. The fixed order of things; invincible necessity; fate; a resistless power or agency conceived of as determining the future, whether in general or of an individual. But who can turn the stream of destiny Spenser. Fame comes only when deserved, and then is as inevitable as destiny, for it is destiny. Longfellow. The Destinies (Anc. Myth.), the three Parcæ, or Fates; the supposed powers which preside over human life, and determine its circumstances and duration. Marked by the Destinies to be avoided. Shak.

DESTITUENT De*stit"u*ent, a. Etym: [L. destituens, p. pr. of destituere.]

Defn: Deficient; wanting; as, a destituent condition. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DESTITUTE Des"ti*tute, a. Etym: [L. destitutus, p. p. of destituere to set away, leave alone, forsake; de + statuere to set. See Statute.]

1. Forsaken; not having in possession (something necessary, or desirable); deficient; lacking; devoid; -- often followed by of. In thee is my trust; leave not my soul destitute. Ps. cxli. 8. Totally destitute of all shadow of influence. Burke.

2. Not possessing the necessaries of life; in a condition of want; needy; without possessions or resources; very poor. They wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented. Heb. xi. 37.

DESTITUTE Des"ti*tute, v. t.

1. To leave destitute; to forsake; to abandon. [Obs.] To forsake or destitute a plantation. Bacon.

2. To make destitute; to cause to be in want; to deprive; -- followed by of. [Obs.] Destituted of all honor and livings. Holinshed.

3. To disappoint. [Obs.] When his expectation is destituted. Fotherby.

DESTITUTELY Des"ti*tute*ly, adv.

Defn: In destitution.

DESTITUTENESS Des"ti*tute*ness, n.

Defn: Destitution. [R.] Ash.

DESTITUTION Des`ti*tu"tion, n. Etym: [L. destitutio a forsaking.]

Defn: The state of being deprived of anything; the state or condition of being destitute, needy, or without resources; deficiency; lack; extreme poverty; utter want; as, the inundation caused general destitution.

DESTRER; DEXTRER Des*trer", Dex"trer, n. Etym: [OF. destrier, fr. L. dextra on the right side. The squire led his master's horse beside him, on his right hand. Skeat.]

Defn: A war horse. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DESTRIE De*strie", v. t.

Defn: To destroy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DESTROY De*stroy", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Destroyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Destroying.] Etym: [OE. destroien, destruien, destrien, OF. destruire, F. détruire, fr. L. destruere, destructum; de + struere to pile up, build. See Structure.]

1. To unbuild; to pull or tear down; to separate virulently into its constituent parts; to break up the structure and organic existence of; to demolish. But ye shall destroy their altars, break their images, and cut down their groves. Ex. xxxiv. 13.

2. To ruin; to bring to naught; to put an end to; to annihilate; to consume. I will utterly pluck up and destroy that nation. Jer. xii. 17.

3. To put an end to the existence, prosperity, or beauty of; to kill. If him by force he can destroy, or, worse, By some false guile pervert. Milton.

Syn. -- To demolish; lay waste; consume; raze; dismantle; ruin; throw down; overthrow; subvert; desolate; devastate; deface; extirpate; extinguish; kill; slay. See Demolish.

DESTROYABLE De*stroy"a*ble, a.

Defn: Destructible. [R.] Plants . . . scarcely destroyable by the weather. Derham.

DESTROYER De*stroy"er, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. destruior.]

Defn: One who destroys, ruins, kills, or desolates.

DESTRUCT De*struct", v. t. Etym: [L. destructus, p. p. of destruere. See Destroy.]

Defn: To destroy. [Obs.] Mede.

DESTRUCTIBILITY De*struc`ti*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. destructibilité.]

Defn: The quality of being capable of destruction; destructibleness.

DESTRUCTIBLE De*struc"ti*ble, a. Etym: [L. destructibilis.]

Defn: Liable to destruction; capable of being destroyed.

DESTRUCTIBLENESS De*struc"ti*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being destructible.

DESTRUCTION De*struc"tion, n. Etym: [L. destructio: cf. F. destruction. See Destroy.]

1. The act of destroying; a tearing down; a bringing to naught; subversion; demolition; ruin; slaying; devastation. The Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of the sword, and slaughter, and destruction. Esth. ix. 5. 'Tis safer to be that which we destroy Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy. Shak. Destruction of venerable establishment. Hallam.

2. The state of being destroyed, demolished, ruined, slain, or devastated. This town came to destruction. Chaucer. Thou castedst them down into destruction. Ps. lxxiii. 18.

2. A destroying agency; a cause of ruin or of devastation; a destroyer. The destruction that wasteth at noonday. Ps. xci. 6.

Syn. -- Demolition; subversion; overthrow; desolation; extirpation; extinction; devastation; downfall; extermination; havoc; ruin.

DESTRUCTIONIST De*struc"tion*ist, n.

1. One who delights in destroying that which is valuable; one whose principles and influence tend to destroy existing institutions; a destructive.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: One who believes in the final destruction or complete annihilation of the wicked; -- called also annihilationist. Shipley.

DESTRUCTIVE De*struc"tive, a. Etym: [L. destructivus: cf. F. destructif.]

Defn: Causing destruction; tending to bring about ruin, death, or devastation; ruinous; fatal; productive of serious evil; mischievous; pernicious; -- often with of or to; as, intemperance is destructive of health; evil examples are destructive to the morals of youth. Time's destructive power. Wordsworth. Destructive distillation. See Distillation. -- Destructive sorties ( (Logic), a process of reasoning which involves the denial of the first of a series of dependent propositions as a consequence of the denial of the last; a species of reductio ad absurdum. Whately.

Syn. -- Mortal; deadly; poisonous; fatal; ruinous; malignant; baleful; pernicious; mischievous.

DESTRUCTIVE De*struc"tive, n.

Defn: One who destroys; a radical reformer; a destructionist.

DESTRUCTIVELY De*struc"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a destructive manner.

DESTRUCTIVENESS De*struc"tive*ness, n.

1. The quality of destroying or ruining. Prynne.

2. (Phren.)

Defn: The faculty supposed to impel to the commission of acts of destruction; propensity to destroy.

DESTRUCTOR De*struc"tor, n. Etym: [L., from destruere. See Destroy, and cf. Destroyer.]

Defn: A destroyer. [R.] Fire, the destructive and the artificial death of things. Boyle.

DESTRUIE De*struie", v. t.

Defn: To destroy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DESUDATION Des`u*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. desudatio, fr. desudare to sweat greatly; de + sudare to sweat.] (Med.)

Defn: A sweating; a profuse or morbid sweating, often succeeded by an eruption of small pimples.

DESUETE De*suete", a. Etym: [L. desuetus, p. p. of desuescere to disuse.]

Defn: Disused; out of use. [R.]

DESUETUDE Des"ue*tude, n. Etym: [L. desuetudo, from desuescere, to grow out of use, disuse; de + suescere to become used or accustomed: cf. F. désuétude. See Custom.]

Defn: The cessation of use; disuse; discontinuance of practice, custom, or fashion. The desuetude abrogated the law, which, before, custom had established. Jer. Taylor.

DESULPHURATE De*sul"phu*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Desulphurated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desulphurating.]

Defn: To deprive of sulphur.

DESULPHURATION De*sul`phu*ra"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désulfuration.]

Defn: The act or process of depriving of sulphur.

DESULPHURIZE De*sul"phur*ize, v. t.

Defn: To desulphurate; to deprive of sulphur. -- De*sul`phur*i*za"tion, n.

DESULTORILY Des"ul*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a desultory manner; without method; loosely; immethodically.

DESULTORINESS Des"ul*to*ri*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being desultory or without order or method; unconnectedness. The seeming desultoriness of my method. Boyle.

DESULTORIOUS Des`ul*to"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Desultory. [R.]

DESULTORY Des"ul*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. desultorius, fr. desultor a leaper, fr. desilire, desultum, to leap down; de + salire to leap. See Saltation.]

1. Leaping or skipping about. [Obs.] I shot at it [a bird], but it was so desultory that I missed my aim. Gilbert White.

2. Jumping, or passing, from one thing or subject to another, without order or rational connection; without logical sequence; disconnected; immethodical; aimless; as, desultory minds. Atterbury. He [Goldsmith] knew nothing accurately; his reading had been desultory. Macaulay.

3. Out of course; by the way; as a digression; not connected with the subject; as, a desultory remark.

Syn. -- Rambling; roving; immethodical; discursive; inconstant; unsettled; cursory; slight; hasty; loose.

DESUME De*sume", v. t. Etym: [L. desumere; de + sumere to take.]

Defn: To select; to borrow. [Obs.] Sir. M. Hale.

DESYNONYMIZATION De`syn*on`y*mi*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of desynonymizing.

DESYNONYMIZE De`syn*on"y*mize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of synonymous character; to discriminate in use; -- applied to words which have been employed as synonyms. Coleridge. Trench.

DETACH De*tach", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detached; p. pr. & vb. n. Detaching.] Etym: [F. détacher (cf. It. distaccare, staccare); pref. dé (L. dis) + the root found also in E. attach. See Attach, and cf. Staccato.]

1. To part; to separate or disunite; to disengage; -- the opposite of attach; as, to detach the coats of a bulbous root from each other; to detach a man from a leader or from a party.

2. To separate for a special object or use; -- used especially in military language; as, to detach a ship from a fleet, or a company from a regiment.

Syn. -- To separate; disunite; disengage; sever; disjoin; withdraw;; draw off. See Detail.

DETACH De*tach", v. i.

Defn: To push asunder; to come off or separate from anything; to disengage. [A vapor] detaching, fold by fold, From those still heights. Tennyson.

DETACHABLE De*tach"a*ble, a.

Defn: That can be detached.

DETACHED De*tached", a.

Defn: Separate; unconnected, or imperfectly connected; as, detached parcels. "Extensive and detached empire." Burke. Detached escapement. See Escapement.

DETACHMENT De*tach"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. détachement.]

1. The act of detaching or separating, or the state of being detached.

2. That which is detached; especially, a body of troops or part of a fleet sent from the main body on special service. Troops . . . widely scattered in little detachments. Bancroft.

3. Abstraction from worldly objects; renunciation. A trial which would have demanded of him a most heroic faith and the detachment of a saint. J. H. Newman.

DETAIL De"tail, n. Etym: [F. détail, fr. détailler to cut in pieces, tell in detail; pref. dé- (L. de or dis-) + tailler to cut. See Tailor.]

1. A minute portion; one of the small parts; a particular; an item; - - used chiefly in the plural; as, the details of a scheme or transaction. The details of the campaign in Italy. Motley.

2. A narrative which relates minute points; an account which dwells on particulars.

3. (Mil.)

Defn: The selection for a particular service of a person or a body of men; hence, the person or the body of men so selected. Detail drawing, a drawing of the full size, or on a large scale, of some part of a building, machine, etc. -- In detail, in subdivisions; part by part; item; circumstantially; with particularity.

Syn. -- Account; relation; narrative; recital; explanation; narration.

DETAIL De"tail, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Detailing.] Etym: [Cf. F. détailler to cut up in pieces, tell in detail. See Detail, n.]

1. To relate in particulars; to particularize; to report minutely and distinctly; to enumerate; to specify; as, he detailed all the facts in due order.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To tell off or appoint for a particular service, as an officer, a troop, or a squadron.

Syn. -- Detail, Detach. Detail respect the act of individualizing the person or body that is separated; detach, the removing for the given end or object.

DETAILER De*tail"er, n.

Defn: One who details.

DETAIN De*tain", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detained; p. pr. & vb. n. Detaining.] Etym: [F. détenir, L. detinere, detentum; de + tenere to hold. See Tenable.]

1. To keep back or from; to withhold. Detain not the wages of the hireling. Jer. Taylor.

2. To restrain from proceeding; to stay or stop; to delay; as, we were detained by an accident. Let us detain thee, until we shall have made ready a kid for thee. Judges xiii. 15.

3. To hold or keep in custody.

Syn. -- To withhold; retain; stop; stay; arrest; check; retard; delay; hinder.

DETAIN De*tain", n.

Defn: Detention. [Obs.] Spenser.

DETAINDER De*tain"der, n. (Law)

Defn: A writ. See Detinue.

DETAINER De*tain"er, n.

1. One who detains.

2. (Law) (a) The keeping possession of what belongs to another; detention of what is another's, even though the original taking may have been lawful. Forcible detainer is indictable at common law. (b) A writ authorizing the keeper of a prison to continue to keep a person in custody.

DETAINMENT De*tain"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. detenement.]

Defn: Detention. [R.] Blackstone.

DETECT De*tect", a. Etym: [L. detectus, p. p. of detegere to uncover, detect; de + tegere to cover. See Tegument.]

Defn: Detected. [Obs.] Fabyan.

DETECT De*tect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detected; p. pr. & vb. n. Detecting.]

1. To uncover; to discover; to find out; to bring to light; as, to detect a crime or a criminal; to detect a mistake in an account. Plain good intention . . . is as easily discovered at the first view, as fraud is surely detected at last. Burke. Like following life through creatures you dissect, You lose it in the moment you detect. Pope.

2. To inform against; to accuse. [Obs.] He was untruly judged to have preached such articles as he was detected of. Sir T. More.

Syn. -- To discover; find out; lay bare; expose.

DETECTABLE; DETECTIBLE De*tect"a*ble, De*tect"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being detected or found out; as, parties not detectable. "Errors detectible at a glance." Latham.

DETECTER De*tect"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, detects or brings to light; one who finds out what another attempts to conceal; a detector.

DETECTION De*tec"tion, n. Etym: [L. detectio an uncovering, revealing.]

Defn: The act of detecting; the laying open what was concealed or hidden; discovery; as, the detection of a thief; the detection of fraud, forgery, or a plot. Such secrets of guilt are never from detection. D. Webster.

DETECTIVE De*tect"ive, a.

Defn: Fitted for, or skilled in, detecting; employed in detecting crime or criminals; as, a detective officer.

DETECTIVE De*tect"ive, n.

Defn: One who business it is so detect criminals or discover matters of secrecy.

DETECTOR De*tect"or, n. Etym: [L., a revealer.]

Defn: One who, or that which, detects; a detecter. Shak. A deathbed's detector of the heart. Young. Bank-note detector, a publication containing a description of genuine and counterfeit bank notes, designed to enable persons to discriminate between them. -- Detector l. See under Lock.

DETECTOR BAR De*tect"or bar. (Railroads)

Defn: A bar, connected with a switch, longer than the distance between any two consecutive wheels of a train (45 to 50 feet), laid inside a rail and operated by the wheels so that the switch cannot be thrown until all the train is past the switch.

DETENEBRATE De*ten"e*brate, v. t. Etym: [L. de + tenebrare to make dark, fr. tenebrae darkness.]

Defn: To remove darkness from. [Obs.] Ash.

DETENT De*tent", n. Etym: [F. détente, fr. détendre to unbend, relax; pref. dé- (L. dis- or de) + tendre to stretch. See Distend.] (Mech.)

Defn: That which locks or unlocks a movement; a catch, pawl, or dog; especially, in clockwork, the catch which locks and unlocks the wheelwork in striking.

DETENTION De*ten"tion, n. Etym: [L. detentio: cf. F. détention. See Detain.]

1. The act of detaining or keeping back; a withholding.

2. The state of being detained (stopped or hindered); delay from necessity.

3. Confinement; restraint; custody. The archduke Philip . . . found himself in a sort of honorable detention at Henry's court. Hallam.

DETER De*ter", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deterred; p. pr. & vb. n. Deterring.] Etym: [L. deterrere; de + terrere to frighten, terrify. See Terror.]

Defn: To prevent by fear; hence, to hinder or prevent from action by fear of consequences, or difficulty, risk, etc. Addison. Potent enemies tempt and deter us from our duty. Tillotson. My own face deters me from my glass. Prior.

DETERGE De*terge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deterged; p. pr. & vb. n. Deterging.] Etym: [L. detergere, detersum; de + tergere to rub or wipe off: cf. F. déterger.]

Defn: To cleanse; to purge away, as foul or offending matter from the body, or from an ulcer.

DETERGENCY De*ter"gen*cy, n.

Defn: A cleansing quality or power. De Foe.

DETERGENT De*ter"gent, a. Etym: [L. detergens, -entis, p. pr. of detergere: cf. F. détergent.]

Defn: Cleansing; purging. -- n.

Defn: A substance which cleanses the skin, as water or soap; a medicine to cleanse wounds, ulcers, etc.

DETERIORATE De*te"ri*o*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deteriorated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deteriorating.] Etym: [L. deterioratus, p. p. of deteriorate to deteriorate, fr. deterior worse, prob. a comparative fr. de down, away.]

Defn: To make worse; to make inferior in quality or value; to impair; as, to deteriorate the mind. Whately. The art of war . . . was greatly deteriorated. Southey.

DETERIORATE De*te"ri*o*rate, v. i.

Defn: To grow worse; to be impaired in quality; to degenerate. Under such conditions, the mind rapidly deteriorates. Goldsmith.

DETERIORATION De*te`ri*o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [LL. deterioratio: cf. F. détérioration.]

Defn: The process of growing worse, or the state of having grown worse.

DETERIORITY De*te`ri*or"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. deterior worse. See Deteriorate.]

Defn: Worse state or quality; inferiority. "The deteriority of the diet." [R.] Ray.

DETERMENT De*ter"ment, n. Etym: [From Deter.]

Defn: The act of deterring; also, that which deters. Boyle.

DETERMINABILITY De*ter`mi*na*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being determinable; determinableness. Coleridge.

DETERMINABLE De*ter"mi*na*ble, a. Etym: [L. determinabilis finite. See Determine, v. t.]

Defn: Capable of being determined, definitely ascertained, decided upon, or brought to a conclusion. Not wholly determinable from the grammatical use of the words. South.

DETERMINABLENESS De*ter"mi*na*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Capability of being determined; determinability.

DETERMINACY De*ter"mi*na*cy, n.

Defn: Determinateness. [R.]

DETERMINANT De*ter"mi*nant, a. Etym: [L. determinans, p. pr. of determinare: cf. F. déterminant.]

Defn: Serving to determine or limit; determinative.

DETERMINANT De*ter"mi*nant, n.

1. That which serves to determine; that which causes determination.

2. (Math.)

Defn: The sum of a series of products of several numbers, these products being formed according to certain specified laws; thus, the determinant of the nine numbers. a, b, c,a', b', c',a'\'b7, b'\'b7, c'\'b7, is a b' c'\'b7 -- a b'\'b7 c' + a' b'\'b7 c] -- a' b c'\'b7 + a'\'b7 b' c. The determinant is written by placing the numbers from which it is formed in a square between two vertical lines. The theory of determinants forms a very important branch of modern mathematics.

3. (Logic)

Defn: A mark or attribute, attached to the subject or predicate, narrowing the extent of both, but rendering them more definite and precise. Abp. Thomson.

DETERMINATE De*ter"mi*nate, a. Etym: [L. determinatus, p. p. of determinare. See Determine.]

1. Having defined limits; not uncertain or arbitrary; fixed; established; definite. Quantity of words and a determinate number of feet. Dryden.

2. Conclusive; decisive; positive. The determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God. Acts ii. 23.

3. Determined or resolved upon. [Obs.] My determinate voyage. Shak.

4. Of determined purpose; resolute. [Obs.] More determinate to do than skillful how to do. Sir P. Sidney. Determinate inflorescence (Bot.), that in which the flowering commences with the terminal bud of a stem, which puts a limit to its growth; -- also called centrifugal inflorescence. -- Determinate problem (Math.), a problem which admits of a limited number of solutions. -- Determinate quantities, Determinate equations (Math.), those that are finite in the number of values or solutions, that is, in which the conditions of the problem or equation determine the number.

DETERMINATE De*ter"mi*nate, v. t.

Defn: To bring to an end; to determine. See Determine. [Obs.] The sly, slow hours shall not determinate The dateless limit of thy dear exile. Shak.

DETERMINATELY De*ter"mi*nate*ly, adv.

1. In a determinate manner; definitely; ascertainably. The principles of religion are already either determinately true or false, before you think of them. Tillotson.

2. Resolutely; unchangeably. Being determinately . . . bent to marry. Sir P. Sidney.

DETERMINATENESS De*ter"mi*nate*ness, n.

Defn: State of being determinate.

DETERMINATION De*ter`mi*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. determinatio boundary, end: cf. F. détermination.]

1. The act of determining, or the state of being determined.

2. Bringing to an end; termination; limit. A speedy determination of that war. Ludlow.

3. Direction or tendency to a certain end; impulsion. Remissness can by no means consist with a constant determination of the will . . . to the greatest apparent good. Locke.

4. The quality of mind reaches definite conclusions; decision of character; resoluteness. He only is a well-made man who has a good determination. Emerson.

5. The state of decision; a judicial decision, or ending of controversy.

6. That which is determined upon; result of deliberation; purpose; conclusion formed; fixed resolution. So bloodthirsty a determination to obtain convictions. Hallam.

7. (Med.)

Defn: A flow, rush, or tendency to a particular part; as, a determination of blood to the head.

8. (Physical Sciences)

Defn: The act, process, or result of any accurate measurement, as of length, volume, weight, intensify, etc.; as, the determination of the ohm or of the wave length of light; the determination of the salt in sea water, or the oxygen in the air.

9. (Logic) (a) The act of defining a concept or notion by giving its essential constituents. (b) The addition of a differentia to a concept or notion, thus limiting its extent; -- the opposite of generalization.

10. (Nat. Hist.)

Defn: The act of determining the relations of an object, as regards genus and species; the referring of minerals, plants, or animals, to the species to which they belong; classification; as, I am indebted to a friend for the determination of most of these shells.

Syn. -- Decision; conclusion; judgment; purpose; resolution; resolve; firmness. See Decision.

DETERMINATIVE De*ter"mi*na*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déterminatif.]

Defn: Having power to determine; limiting; shaping; directing; conclusive. Incidents . . . determinative of their course. I. Taylor. Determinative tables (Nat. Hist.), tables presenting the specific character of minerals, plants, etc., to assist in determining the species to which a specimen belongs.

DETERMINATIVE De*ter"mi*na*tive, n.

Defn: That which serves to determine. Explanatory determinatives . . . were placed after words phonetically expressed, in order to serve as an aid to the reader in determining the meaning. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

DETERMINATOR De*ter"mi*na`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who determines. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

DETERMINE De*ter"mine, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Determined; p. pr. & vb. n. Determining.] Etym: [F. déterminer, L. determinare, determinatum; de + terminare limit, terminus limit. See Term.]

1. To fix the boundaries of; to mark off and separate. [God] hath determined the times before appointed. Acts xvii. 26.

2. To set bounds to; to fix the determination of; to limit; to bound; to bring to an end; to finish. The knowledge of men hitherto hath been determined by the view or sight. Bacon. Now, where is he that will not stay so long Till his friend sickness hath determined me Shak.

3. To fix the form or character of; to shape; to prescribe imperatively; to regulate; to settle. The character of the soul is determined by the character of its God. J. Edwards. Something divinely beautiful . . . that at some time or other might influence or even determine her course of life. W. Black.

4. To fix the course of; to impel and direct; -- with a remoter object preceded by to; as, another's will determined me to this course.

5. To ascertain definitely; to find out the specific character or name of; to assign to its true place in a system; as, to determine an unknown or a newly discovered plant or its name.

6. To bring to a conclusion, as a question or controversy; to settle authoritative or judicial sentence; to decide; as, the court has determined the cause.

7. To resolve on; to have a fixed intention of; also, to cause to come to a conclusion or decision; to lead; as, this determined him to go immediately.

8. (Logic)

Defn: To define or limit by adding a differentia.

9. (Physical Sciences)

Defn: To ascertain the presence, quantity, or amount of; as, to determine the parallax; to determine the salt in sea water.

DETERMINE De*ter"mine, v. i.

1. To come to an end; to end; to terminate. [Obs.] He who has vented a pernicious doctrine or published an ill book must know that his life determine not together. South. Estates may determine on future contingencies. Blackstone.

2. To come to a decision; to decide; to resolve; -- often with on. "Determine on some course." Shak. He shall pay as the judges determine. Ex. xxi. 22.

DETERMINED De*ter"mined, a.

Defn: Decided; resolute. "Adetermined foe."" Sparks.

DETERMINEDLY De*ter"min*ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a determined manner; with determination.

DETERMINER De*ter"min*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, determines or decides.

DETERMINISM De*ter"min*ism, n. (Metaph.)

Defn: The doctrine that the will is not free, but is inevitably and invincibly determined by motives. Its superior suitability to produce courage, as contrasted with scientific physical determinism, is obvious. F. P. Cobbe.

DETERMINIST De*ter"min*ist, n. (Metaph.)

Defn: One who believes in determinism. Also adj.; as, determinist theories.

DETERRATION De`ter*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. de + terra earth: cf. F. déterrer to unearth.]

Defn: The uncovering of anything buried or covered with earth; a taking out of the earth or ground. Woodward.

DETERRENCE De*ter"rence, n.

Defn: That which deters; a deterrent; a hindrance. [R.]

DETERRENT De*ter"rent, a. Etym: [L. deterrens, p. pr. of deterrere. See Deter.]

Defn: Serving to deter. "The deterrent principle." E. Davis.

DETERRENT De*ter"rent, n.

Defn: That which deters or prevents.

DETERSION De*ter"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. détersion. See Deterge.]

Defn: The act of deterging or cleansing, as a sore.

DETERSIVE De*ter"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. détersif.]

Defn: Cleansing; detergent. -- n.

Defn: A cleansing agent; a detergent.

DETERSIVELY De*ter"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a way to cleanse.

DETERSIVENESS De*ter"sive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of cleansing.

DETEST De*test", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detested; p. pr. & vb. n. Detesting.] Etym: [L. detestare, detestatum, and detestari, to curse while calling a deity to witness, to execrate, detest; de + testari to be a witness, testify, testis a witness: cf. F. détester. See Testify.]

1. To witness against; to denounce; to condemn. [Obs.] The heresy of Nestorius . . . was detested in the Eastern churches. Fuller. God hath detested them with his own mouth. Bale.

2. To hate intensely; to abhor; to abominate; to loathe; as, we detest what is contemptible or evil. Who dares think one thing, and another tell, My heart detests him as the gates of hell. Pope.

Syn. -- To abhor; abominate; execrate. See Hate.

DETESTABILITY De*test`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Capacity of being odious. [R.] Carlyle.

DETESTABLE De*test"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. detestabilis: cf. F. détestable.]

Defn: Worthy of being detested; abominable; extremely hateful; very odious; deserving abhorrence; as, detestable vices. Thou hast defiled my sanctuary will all thy detestable things, and with all thine abominations. Ezek. v. 11.

Syn. -- Abominable; odious; execrable; abhorred.

DETESTABLENESS De*test"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being detestable.

DETESTABLY De*test"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In a detestable manner.

DETESTATE De*tes"tate, v. t.

Defn: To detest. [Obs.] Udall.

DETESTATION Det`es*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. detestatio: cf. F. détestation.]

Defn: The act of detesting; extreme hatred or dislike; abhorrence; loathing. We are heartily agreed in our detestation of civil war. Burke.

DETESTER De*test"er, n.

Defn: One who detes

DETHRONE De*throne", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dethroned; p. pr. & vb. n. Dethroning.] Etym: [Pref. de- + throne: cf. F. détrôner; pref. dé- (L. dis-) + trône throne. See Throne.]

Defn: To remove or drive from a throne; to depose; to divest of supreme authority and dignity. "The Protector was dethroned." Hume.

DETHRONEMENT De*throne"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. détrônement.]

Defn: Deposal from a throne; deposition from regal power.

DETHRONER De*thron"er, n.

Defn: One who dethrones.

DETHRONIZATION De*thron`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: Dethronement. [Obs.] Speed.

DETHRONIZE De*thron"ize, v. t. Etym: [Cf. LL. dethronizare.]

Defn: To dethrone or unthrone. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

DETINUE Det"i*nue, n. Etym: [OF. detinu, detenu, p. p. of detenir to detain. See Detain.]

Defn: A person or thing detained; (Law)

Defn: a form of action for the recovery of a personal chattel wrongfully detained. Writ of detinue (Law), one that lies against him who wrongfully detains goods or chattels delivered to him, or in possession, to recover the thing itself, or its value and damages, from the detainer. It is now in a great measure superseded by other remedies.

DETONATE Det"o*nate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Detonated; p. pr. & vb. n. Detonating.] Etym: [L. detonare, v. i., to thunder down; de + tonare to thunder; akin to E. thunder. See Thunder, and cf. Detonize.]

Defn: To explode with a sudden report; as, niter detonates with sulphur.

DETONATE Det"o*nate, v. t.

Defn: To cause to explode; to cause to burn or inflame with a sudden report.

DETONATING Det"o*na`ting, a. & n.

Defn: from Detonate. Detonating gas, a mixture of two volumes of hydrogen with one volume of oxygen, which explodes with a loud report upon ignition. -- Detonating powder, any powder or solid substance, as fulminate of mercury, which when struck, explodes with violence and a loud report. -- Detonating primer, a primer exploded by a fuse; -- used to explode gun cotton in blasting operations. -- Detonating tube, a strong tube of glass, usually graduated, closed at one end, and furnished with two wires passing through its sides at opposite points, and nearly meeting, for the purpose of exploding gaseous mixtures by an electric spark, as in gas analysis, etc.

DETONATION Det`o*na"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. détonation.]

Defn: An explosion or sudden report made by the instantaneous decomposition or combustion of unstable substances' as, the detonation of gun cotton.

DETONATOR Det`o*na`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, detonates.

DETONIZATION Det`o*ni*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of detonizing; detonation.

DETONIZE Det"o*nize, v. t. & i. Etym: [See Detonate.] [imp. & p. p.Detonized; p. pr. & vb. n. Detonizing.]

Defn: To explode, or cause to explode; to burn with an explosion; to detonate.

DETORSION De*tor"sion, n.

Defn: Same as Detortion.

DETORT De*tort", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Detorting.] Etym: [L. detortus, p. p. of detorquere to turn away; de + torquere to turn about, twist: cf. F. détorquer, détordre.]

Defn: To turn form the original or plain meaning; to pervert; to wrest. Hammond.

DETORTION De*tor"tion, n.

Defn: The act of detorting, or the state of being detorted; a twisting or warping.

DETOUR De`tour", n. Etym: [F. détour, fr. détourner to turn aside; pref. dé- (L. dis-) + tourner to turn. See Turn.]

Defn: A turning; a circuitous route; a deviation from a direct course; as, the detours of the Mississippi.

DETRACT De*tract", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Detracting.] Etym: [L. detractus, p. p. of detrahere to detract; de + trahere to draw: cf. F. détracter. See Trace.]

1. To take away; to withdraw. Detract much from the view of the without. Sir H. Wotton.

2. To take credit or reputation from; to defame. That calumnious critic . . . Detracting what laboriously we do. Drayton.

Syn. -- To derogate; decry; disparage; depreciate; asperse; vilify; defame; traduce. See Decry.

DETRACT De*tract", v. i.

Defn: To take away a part or something, especially from one's credit; to lessen reputation; to derogate; to defame; -- often with from. It has been the fashion to detract both from the moral and literary character of Cicero. V. Knox.

DETRACTER De*tract"er, n.

Defn: One who detracts; a detractor. Other detracters and malicious writers. Sir T. North.

DETRACTINGLY De*tract"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a detracting manner.

DETRACTION De*trac"tion, n. Etym: [F. détraction, L. detractio.]

1. A taking away or withdrawing. [Obs.] The detraction of the eggs of the said wild fowl. Bacon.

2. The act of taking away from the reputation or good name of another; a lessening or cheapening in the estimation of others; the act of depreciating another, from envy or malice; calumny.

Syn. -- Depreciation; disparagement; derogation; slander; calumny; aspersion; censure.

DETRACTIOUS De*trac"tious, a.

Defn: Containing detraction; detractory. [R.] Johnson.

DETRACTIVE De*tract"ive, a.

1. Tending to detractor draw. [R.]

2. Tending to lower in estimation; depreciative.

DETRACTIVENESS De*tract"ive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being detractive.

DETRACTOR De*tract"or, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. détracteur.]

Defn: One who detracts; a derogator; a defamer. His detractors were noisy and scurrilous. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Slanderer; calumniator; defamer; vilifier.

DETRACTORY De*tract"o*ry, a.

Defn: Defamatory by denial of desert; derogatory; calumnious. Sir T. Browne.

DETRACTRESS De*tract"ress, n.

Defn: A female detractor. Addison.

DETRAIN De*train", v. i. & t.

Defn: To alight, or to cause to alight, from a railway train. [Eng.] London Graphic.

DETRECT De*trect", v. t. Etym: [L. detrectare; de + tractare, intens. of trahere to draw.]

Defn: To refuse; to decline. [Obs.] "To detrect the battle." Holinshed.

DETRIMENT Det"ri*ment, n. Etym: [L. detrimentum, fr. deterere, detritum, to rub or wear away; de + terere to rub: cf. F. détriment. See Trite.]

1. That which injures or causes damage; mischief; harm; diminution; loss; damage; -- used very generically; as, detriments to property, religion, morals, etc. I can repair That detriment, if such it be. Milton.

2. A charge made to students and barristers for incidental repairs of the rooms they occupy. [Eng.]

Syn. -- Injury; loss; damage; disadvantage; prejudice; hurt; mischief; harm.

DETRIMENT Det"ri*ment, v. t.

Defn: To do injury to; to hurt. [Archaic] Other might be determined thereby. Fuller.

DETRIMENTAL Det`ri*men"tal, a.

Defn: Causing detriment; injurious; hurtful. Neither dangerous nor detrimental to the donor. Addison.

Syn. -- Injurious; hurtful; prejudicial; disadvantageous; mischievous; pernicious.

DETRIMENTALNESS Det`ri*men"tal*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being detrimental; injuriousness.

DETRITAL De*tri"tal, a. (Geol.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or composed of, detritus.

DETRITE De*trite", a. Etym: [L. detritus, p. p.]

Defn: Worn out.

DETRITION De*tri"tion, n. Etym: [LL. detritio. See Detriment.]

Defn: A wearing off or away. Phonograms which by process long-continued detrition have reached a step of extreme simplicity. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

DETRITUS De*tri"tus, n. Etym: [F. détritus, fr. L. detritus, p. p. of deterere. See Detriment.]

1. (Geol.)

Defn: A mass of substances worn off from solid bodies by attrition, and reduced to small portions; as, diluvial detritus.

Note: For large portions, the word débris is used.

2. Hence: Any fragments separated from the body to which they belonged; any product of disintegration. The mass of detritus of which modern languages are composed. Farrar.

DETRUDE De*trude", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detruded; p. pr. & vb. n. Detruding.] Etym: [L. detrudere, detrusum; de + trudere to thrust, push.]

Defn: To thrust down or out; to push down with force. Locke.

DETRUNCATE De*trun"cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Detruncated; p. pr. & vb. n. Detruncating.] Etym: [L. detruncatus, p. p. of detruncare to cut off; de + truncare to maim, shorten, cut off. See Truncate.]

Defn: To shorten by cutting; to cut off; to lop off.

DETRUNCATION De`trun*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. detruncatio: cf. F. détroncation.]

Defn: The act of lopping or cutting off, as the head from the body.

DETRUSION De*tru"sion, n. Etym: [L. detrusio. See Detrude.]

Defn: The act of thrusting or driving down or outward; outward thrust. -- De*tru"sive, a.

DETTE Dette, n.

Defn: Debt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DETTELES Dette"les, a.

Defn: Free from debt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DETUMESCENCE De`tu*mes"cence, n. Etym: [L. detumescere to cease swelling; de + tumescere, tumere, to swell.]

Defn: Diminution of swelling; subsidence of anything swollen. [R.] Cudworth.

DETUR De"tur, n. Etym: [L. detur let it be given.]

Defn: A present of books given to a meritorious undergraduate student as a prize. [Harvard Univ., U. S.]

DETURB De*turb", v. t. Etym: [L. deturbare.]

Defn: To throw down. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DETURBATE De*tur"bate, v. t. Etym: [LL. deturbatus, p. p. of deturbare, fr. L. deturbare to thrust down.]

Defn: To evict; to remove. [Obs.] Foxe.

DETURBATION Det`ur*ba"tion, n.

Defn: The act of deturbating. [Obs.]

DETURN De*turn", v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + turn. Cf. Detour.]

Defn: To turn away. [Obs.] Sir K. Digby.

DETURPATE De*tur"pate, v. t. Etym: [L. deturpare; de + turpare to make ugly, defile, turpis ugly, foul.]

Defn: To defile; to disfigure. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DETURPATION Det`ur*pa"tion, n.

Defn: A making foul. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DEUCE Deuce, n. Etym: [F. deux two, OF. deus, fr. L. duo. See Two.]

1. (Gaming)

Defn: Two; a card or a die with two spots; as, the deuce of hearts.

2. (Tennis)

Defn: A condition of the score beginning whendeuce, which decides the game.

DEUCE Deuce, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. dusius, Armor, dus, teûz, phantom, specter; Gael. taibhs, taibhse, apparition, ghost; or fr. OF. deus God, fr. L. deus (cf. Deity.)]

Defn: The devil; a demon. [A euphemism, written also deuse.] [Low]

DEUCED Deu"ced, a.

Defn: Devilish; excessive; extreme. [Low] -- Deu"ced*ly, adv.

DEUSE; DEUSED Deuse, n.; Deu"sed (, a.

Defn: See Deuce, Deuced.

DEUTEROCANONICAL Deu`ter*o*ca*non"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. canonical.]

Defn: Pertaining to a second canon, or ecclesiastical writing of inferior authority; -- said of the Apocrypha, certain Epistles, etc.

DEUTEROGAMIST Deu`ter*og"a*mist, n. Etym: [See Deuterogamy.]

Defn: One who marries the second time.

DEUTEROGAMY Deu`ter*og"a*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A second marriage, after the death of the first husband of wife; -- in distinction from bigamy, as defined in the old canon law. See Bigamy. Goldsmith.

DEUTEROGENIC Deu`ter*o*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Geol.)

Defn: Of secondary origin; -- said of certain rocks whose material has been derived from older rocks.

DEUTERONOMIST Deu`ter*on"o*mist, n.

Defn: The writer of Deuteronomy.

DEUTERONOMY Deu`ter*on"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. Deuteronomium.] (Bibl.)

Defn: The fifth book of the Pentateuch, containing the second giving of the law by Moses.

DEUTEROPATHIA; DEUTEROPATHY Deu`ter*o*pa*thi"a, Deu`ter*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [NL. deuteropathia, fr. Gr. deutéropathie.] (Med.)

Defn: A sympathetic affection of any part of the body, as headache from an overloaded stomach.

DEUTEROPATHIC Deu`ter*o*path"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to deuteropathy; of the nature of deuteropathy.

DEUTEROSCOPY Deu`ter*os"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. -scopy.]

1. Second sight. I felt by anticipation the horrors of the Highland seers, whom their gift of deuteroscopy compels to witness things unmeet for mortal eye. Sir W. Scott.

2. That which is seen at a second view; a meaning beyond the literal sense; the second intention; a hidden signification. Sir T. Browne.

DEUTEROZOOID Deu`ter*o*zo"oid, n. Etym: [Gr. zooid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the secondary, and usually sexual, zooids produced by budding or fission from the primary zooids, in animals having alternate generations. In the tapeworms, the joints are deuterozooids.

DEUTHYDROGURET Deut`hy*drog"u*ret, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Deutohydroguret.

DEUTO-; DEUT- Deu"to- or Deut- (dut-) Etym: [Contr. from Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix which formerly properly indicated the second in a regular series of compound in the series, and not to its composition, but which is now generally employed in the same sense as bi- or di-, although little used.

DEUTOHYDROGURET Deu`to*hy*drog"u*ret, n. Etym: [Pref. deut-, deuto- + hydroguret.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of hydrogen united with some other element or radical. [Obs.]

DEUTOPLASM Deu"to*plasm, n. Etym: [Pref. deuto- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The lifeless food matter in the cytoplasm of an ovum or a cell, as distinguished from the active or true protoplasm; yolk substance; yolk.

DEUTOPLASTIC Deu`to*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. deuto- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or composed of, deutoplasm.

DEUTOSULPHURET Deu`to*sul"phu*ret, n. Etym: [Pref. deuto- + sulphuret.] (Chem.)

Defn: A disulphide. [Obs.]

DEUTOXIDE Deu*tox"ide (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. deut- + oxide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of oxygen united with some other element or radical; -- usually called dioxide, or less frequently, binoxide.

DEUTZIA Deut"zi*a, n. Etym: [NL. Named after Jan Deutz of Holland.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs with pretty white flowers, much cultivated.

DEV; DEVA Dev, or De"va (, n. Etym: [Skr. d. Cf. Deity.] (Hind. Myth.)

Defn: A god; a deity; a divine being; an idol; a king.

DEVANAGARI De`va*na"ga*ri, n. Etym: [Skr. d; d god + nagara city, i. e., divine city.]

Defn: The character in which Sanskrit is written.

DEVAPORATION De*vap`o*ra"tion, n.

Defn: The change of vapor into water, as in the formation of rain.

DEVAST De*vast", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. dévaster. See Devastate.]

Defn: To devastate. [Obs.] Bolingbroke.

DEVASTATE Dev"as*tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devastated; p. pr. & vb. n. Devastating.] Etym: [L. devastatus, p. p. of devastare to devastate; de + vastare to lay waste, vastus waste. See Vast.]

Defn: To lay waste; to ravage; to desolate. Whole countries . . . were devastated. Macaulay.

Syn. -- To waste; ravage; desolate; destroy; demolish; plunder; pillage.

DEVASTATION Dev`as*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dévastation.]

1. The act of devastating, or the state of being devastated; a laying waste. Even now the devastation is begun, And half the business of destruction done. Goldsmith.

2. (Law)

Defn: Waste of the goods of the deceased by an executor or administrator. Blackstone.

Syn. -- Desolation; ravage; waste; havoc; destruction; ruin; overthrow.

DEVASTATOR Dev"as*ta`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who, or that which, devastates. Emerson.

DEVASTAVIT Dev`as*ta"vit, n. Etym: [L., he has wasted.] (Law)

Defn: Waste or misapplication of the assets of a deceased person by an executor or an administrator. Bouvier.

DEVATA De"va*ta, n. Etym: [Hind., fr. Skr. d god.] (Hind. Myth.)

Defn: A deity; a divine being; a good spirit; an idol. [Written also dewata.]

DEVE Deve, a. Etym: [See Deaf.]

Defn: Deaf. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEVELIN Dev"el*in, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European swift. [Prov. Eng.]

DEVELOP De*vel"op, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Developed; p. pr. & vb. n. Developing.] Etym: [F. déveloper; dé- (L. dis-) + OF. voluper, voleper, to envelop, perh. from L. volup agreeably, delightfully, and hence orig., to make agreeable or comfortable by enveloping, to keep snug (cf. Voluptuous); or. perh. fr. a derivative of volvere, volutum, to roll (cf. Devolve). Cf. Envelop.] [Written also develope.]

1. To free from that which infolds or envelops; to unfold; to lay open by degrees or in detail; to make visible or known; to disclose; to produce or give forth; as, to develop theories; a motor that develops 100 horse power. These serve to develop its tenets. Milner. The 20th was spent in strengthening our position and developing the line of the enemy. The Century.

2. To unfold gradually, as a flower from a bud; hence, to bring through a succession of states or stages, each of which is preparatory to the next; to form or expand by a process of growth; to cause to change gradually from an embryo, or a lower state, to a higher state or form of being; as, sunshine and rain develop the bud into a flower; to develop the mind. The sound developed itself into a real compound. J. Peile. All insects . . . acquire the jointed legs before the wings are fully developed. Owen.

3. To advance; to further; to prefect; to make to increase; to promote the growth of. We must develop our own resources to the utmost. Jowett (Thucyd).

4. (Math.)

Defn: To change the form of, as of an algebraic expression, by executing certain indicated operations without changing the value.

5. (Photog.)

Defn: To cause to become visible, as an invisible or latent image upon plate, by submitting it to chemical agents; to bring to view. To develop a curved surface on a place (Geom.), to produce on the plane an equivalent surface, as if by rolling the curved surface so that all parts shall successively touch the plane.

Syn. -- To uncover; unfold; evolve; promote; project; lay open; disclose; exhibit; unravel; disentangle.

DEVELOP De*vel"op, v. i.

1. To go through a process of natural evolution or growth, by successive changes from a less perfect to a more perfect or more highly organized state; to advance from a simpler form of existence to one more complex either in structure or function; as, a blossom develops from a bud; the seed develops into a plant; the embryo develops into a well-formed animal; the mind develops year by year. Nor poets enough to understand That life develops from within. Mrs. Browning.

2. To become apparent gradually; as, a picture on sensitive paper develops on the application of heat; the plans of the conspirators develop.

DEVELOPABLE De*vel"op*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being developed. J. Peile. Developable surface (Math.), a surface described by a moving right line, and such that consecutive positions of the generator intersect each other. Hence, the surface can be developed into a plane.

DEVELOPER De*vel"op*er, n.

1. One who, or that which, develops.

2. (Photog.)

Defn: A reagent by the action of which the latent image upon a photographic plate, after exposure in the camera, or otherwise, is developed and visible.

DEVELOPMENT De*vel"op*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. développement.] [Written also developement.]

1. The act of developing or disclosing that which is unknown; a gradual unfolding process by which anything is developed, as a plan or method, or an image upon a photographic plate; gradual advancement or growth through a series of progressive changes; also, the result of developing, or a developed state. A new development of imagination, taste, and poetry. Channing.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: The series of changes which animal and vegetable organisms undergo in their passage from the embryonic state to maturity, from a lower to a higher state of organization.

3. (Math.) (a) The act or process of changing or expanding an expression into another of equivalent value or meaning. (b) The equivalent expression into which another has been developed.

4. (mus.)

Defn: The elaboration of a theme or subject; the unfolding of a musical idea; the evolution of a whole piece or movement from a leading theme or motive. Development theory (Biol.), the doctrine that animals and plants possess the power of passing by slow and successive stages from a lower to a higher state of organization, and that all the higher forms of life now in existence were thus developed by uniform laws from lower forms, and are not the result of special creative acts. See the Note under Darwinian.

Syn. -- Unfolding; disclosure; unraveling; evolution; elaboration; growth.

DEVELOPMENTAL De*vel`op*men"tal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the process of development; as, the developmental power of a germ. Carpenter.

DEVENUSTATE Dev`e*nus"tate, v. t. Etym: [L. devenustatus, p. p. of devenustare to disfigure; de + venustus lovely, graceful.]

Defn: To deprive of beauty or grace. [Obs.]

DEVERGENCE; DEVERGENCY De*ver"gence, De*ver"gen*cy, n.

Defn: See Divergence. [Obs.]

DEVEST De*vest", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devested; p. pr. & vb. n. Devesting.] Etym: [L. devestire to undress; de + vestire to dress: cf. OF. devestir, F. dévêtir. Cf. Divest.]

1. To divest; to undress. Shak.

2. To take away, as an authority, title, etc., to deprive; to alienate, as an estate.

Note: This word is now generally written divest, except in the legal sense.

DEVEST De*vest", v. i. (Law)

Defn: To be taken away, lost, or alienated, as a title or an estate.

DEVEX De*vex", a. Etym: [L. devexus, from devehere to carry down.]

Defn: Bending down; sloping. [Obs.]

DEVEX De*vex", n.

Defn: Devexity. [Obs.] May (Lucan).

DEVEXITY De*vex"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. devexitas, fr. devexus. See Devex, a.]

Defn: A bending downward; a sloping; incurvation downward; declivity. [R.] Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)

DEVI De"vi, n.

Defn: ; fem. of Deva. A goddess.

DEVIANT De"vi*ant, a.

Defn: Deviating. [Obs.]

DEVIATE De"vi*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Deviated; p. pr. & vb. n. Deviating.] Etym: [L. deviare to deviate; de + viare to go, travel, via way. See Viaduct.]

Defn: To go out of the way; to turn aside from a course or a method; to stray or go astray; to err; to digress; to diverge; to vary. Thus Pegasus, a nearer way to take, May boldly deviate from the common track. Pope.

Syn. -- To swerve; stray; wander; digress; depart; deflect; err.

DEVIATE De"vi*ate, v. t.

Defn: To cause to deviate. [R.] To deviate a needle. J. D. Forbes.

DEVIATION De`vi*a"tion, n. Etym: [LL. deviatio: cf. F. déviation.]

1. The act of deviating; a wandering from the way; variation from the common way, from an established rule, etc.; departure, as from the right course or the path of duty.

2. The state or result of having deviated; a transgression; an act of sin; an error; an offense.

2. (Com.)

Defn: The voluntary and unnecessary departure of a ship from, or delay in, the regular and usual course of the specific voyage insured, thus releasing the underwriters from their responsibility. Deviation of a falling body (Physics), that deviation from a strictly vertical line of descent which occurs in a body falling freely, in consequence of the rotation of the earth. -- Deviation of the compass, the angle which the needle of a ship's compass makes with the magnetic meridian by reason of the magnetism of the iron parts of the ship. -- Deviation of the line of the vertical, the difference between the actual direction of a plumb line and the direction it would have if the earth were a perfect ellipsoid and homogeneous, -- caused by the attraction of a mountain, or irregularities in the earth's density.

DEVIATOR De"vi*a`tor, n. Etym: [L., a forsaker.]

Defn: One who, or that which, deviates.

DEVIATORY De"vi*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to deviate; devious; as, deviatory motion. [R.] Tully.

DEVICE De*vice", n. Etym: [OE. devis, devise, will, intention, opinion, invention, fr. F. devis architect's plan and estimates (in OF., division, plan, wish), devise device (in sense 3), in OF. also, division, wish, last will, fr. deviser. See Devise, v. t., and cf. Devise, n.]

1. That which is devised, or formed by design; a contrivance; an invention; a project; a scheme; often, a scheme to deceive; a stratagem; an artifice. His device in against Babylon, to destroy it. Jer. li. 11. Their recent device of demanding benevolences. Hallam. He disappointeth the devices of the crafty. Job v. 12.

2. Power of devising; invention; contrivance. I must have instruments of my own device. Landor.

3. (a) An emblematic design, generally consisting of one or more figures with a motto, used apart from heraldic bearings to denote the historical situation, the ambition, or the desire of the person adopting it. See Cognizance. (b) Improperly, an heraldic bearing. Knights-errant used to distinguish themselves by devices on their shields. Addison. A banner with this strange device -Excelsior. Longfellow.

4. Anything fancifully conceived. Shak.

5. A spectacle or show. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

6. Opinion; decision. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

Syn. -- Contrivance; invention; design; scheme; project; stratagem; shift. -- Device, Contrivance. Device implies more of inventive power, and contrivance more of skill and dexterity in execution. A device usually has reference to something worked out for exhibition or show; a contrivance usually respects the arrangement or disposition of things with reference to securing some end. Devices were worn by knights-errant on their shields; contrivances are generally used to promote the practical convenience of life. The word device is often used in a bad sense; as, a crafty device; contrivance is almost always used in a good sense; as, a useful contrivance.

DEVICEFUL De*vice"ful, a.

Defn: Full of devices; inventive. [R.] A carpet, rich, and of deviceful thread. Chapman.

DEVICEFULLY De*vice"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In a deviceful manner. [R.]

DEVIL Dev"il, n. Etym: [AS. deófol, deóful; akin to G. , Goth. diabaúlus; all fr. L. diabolus the devil, Gr. gal to fall. Cf. Diabolic.]

1. The Evil One; Satan, represented as the tempter and spiritual of mankind. [Jesus] being forty days tempted of the devil. Luke iv. 2. That old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan, which deceiveth the whole world. Rev. xii. 9.

2. An evil spirit; a demon. A dumb man possessed with a devil. Matt. ix. 32.

3. A very wicked person; hence, any great evil. "That devil Glendower." "The devil drunkenness." Shak. Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a devil John vi. 70.

4. An expletive of surprise, vexation, or emphasis, or, ironically, of negation. [Low] The devil a puritan that he is, . . . but a timepleaser. Shak. The things, we know, are neither rich nor rare, But wonder how the devil they got there. Pope.

5. (Cookery)

Defn: A dish, as a bone with the meat, broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with Cayenne pepper. Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting oysters, and preparing devils on the gridiron. Sir W. Scott.

6. (Manuf.)

Defn: A machine for tearing or cutting rags, cotton, etc. Blue devils. See under Blue. -- Cartesian devil. See under Cartesian. -- Devil bird (Zoöl.), one of two or more South African drongo shrikes (Edolius retifer, and E. remifer), believed by the natives to be connected with sorcery. -- Devil may care, reckless, defiant of authority; -- used adjectively. Longfellow. -- Devil's apron (Bot.), the large kelp (Laminaria saccharina, and L. longicruris) of the Atlantic ocean, having a blackish, leathery expansion, shaped somewhat like an apron. -- Devil's coachhorse. (Zoöl.) (a) The black rove beetle (Ocypus olens). [Eng.] (b) A large, predacious, hemipterous insect (Prionotus cristatus); the wheel bug. [U.S.] -- Devil's darning-needle. (Zoöl.) See under Darn, v. t. -- Devil's fingers, Devil's hand (Zoöl.), the common British starfish (Asterias rubens); -- also applied to a sponge with stout branches. [Prov. Eng., Irish & Scot.] -- Devil's riding-horse (Zoöl.), the American mantis (Mantis Carolina). -- The Devil's tattoo, a drumming with the fingers or feet. "Jack played the Devil's tattoo on the door with his boot heels." F. Hardman (Blackw. Mag.). -- Devil worship, worship of the power of evil; -- still practiced by barbarians who believe that the good and evil forces of nature are of equal power. -- Printer's devil, the youngest apprentice in a printing office, who runs on errands, does dirty work (as washing the ink rollers and sweeping), etc. "Without fearing the printer's devil or the sheriff's officer." Macaulay. -- Tasmanian devil (Zoöl.), a very savage carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania (Dasyurus, or Diabolus, ursinus). -- To play devil with, to molest extremely; to ruin. [Low]

DEVIL Dev"il, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Deviled or Devilled; p. pr. & vb. n. Deviling or Devilling.]

1. To make like a devil; to invest with the character of a devil.

2. To grill with Cayenne pepper; to season highly in cooking, as with pepper. A deviled leg of turkey. W. Irving. deviled egg a hard-boiled egg, sliced into halves and with the yolk removed and replaced with a paste, usually made from the yolk and mayonnaise, seasoned with salt and/or spices such as paprika.

DEVIL-DIVER; DEVIL BIRD Dev"il-div`er, Dev"il bird` (, n.. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small water bird. See Dabchick.

DEVILESS Dev"il*ess, n.

Defn: A she-devil. [R.] Sterne.

DEVILET Dev"il*et, n.

Defn: A little devil. [R.] Barham.

DEVILFISH Dev"il*fish`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A huge ray (Manta birostris or Cephaloptera vampyrus) of the Gulf of Mexico and Southern Atlantic coasts. Several other related species take the same name. See Cephaloptera. (b) A large cephalopod, especially the very large species of Octopus and Architeuthis. See Octopus. (c) The gray whale of the Pacific coast. See Gray whale. (d) The goosefish or angler (Lophius), and other allied fishes. See Angler.

DEVILING Dev"il*ing, n.

Defn: A young devil. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DEVILISH Dev"il*ish, a.

1. Resembling, characteristic of, or pertaining to, the devil; diabolical; wicked in the extreme. "Devilish wickedness." Sir P. Sidney. This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish. James iii. 15.

2. Extreme; excessive. [Colloq.] Dryden.

Syn. -- Diabolical; infernal; hellish; satanic; wicked; malicious; detestable; destructive. -- Dev"il*ish*ly, adv. -- Dev"il*ish*ness, n.

DEVILISM Dev"il*ism, n.

Defn: The state of the devil or of devils; doctrine of the devil or of devils. Bp. Hall.

DEVILIZE Dev"il*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make a devil of. [R.] He that should deify a saint, should wrong him as much as he that should devilize him. Bp. Hall.

DEVILKIN Dev"il*kin, n.

Defn: A little devil; a devilet.

DEVILMENT Dev"il*ment, n.

Defn: Deviltry. Bp. Warburton.

DEVILRY Dev"il*ry, n.; pl. Devilries (.

1. Conduct suitable to the devil; extreme wickedness; deviltry. Stark lies and devilry. Sir T. More.

2. The whole body of evil spirits. Tylor.

DEVIL'S DARNING-NEEDLE Dev"il's darn"ing-nee`dle. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dragon fly. See Darning needle, under Darn, v. t.

DEVILSHIP Dev"il*ship, n.

Defn: The character or person of a devil or the devil. Cowley.

DEVILTRY Dev"il*try, n.; pl. Deviltries (.

Defn: Diabolical conduct; malignant mischief; devilry. C. Reade.

DEVILWOOD Dev"il*wood`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of tree (Osmanthus Americanus), allied to the European olive.

DEVIOUS De"vi*ous, a. Etym: [L. devius; de + via way. See Viaduct.]

1. Out of a straight line; winding; varying from directness; as, a devious path or way.

2. Going out of the right or common course; going astray; erring; wandering; as, a devious step.

Syn. -- Wandering; roving; rambling; vagrant. -- De"vi*ous*ly, adv. -- De"vi*ous*ness, n.

DEVIRGINATE De*vir"gin*ate, a. Etym: [L. devirginatus, p. p. of devirginare.]

Defn: Deprived of virginity. [R.]

DEVIRGINATE De*vir"gin*ate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of virginity; to deflour. [R.] Sandys.

DEVIRGINATION De*vir`gi*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. devirginatio.]

Defn: A deflouring. [R.] Feltham.

DEVISABLE De*vis"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Devise.]

1. Capable of being devised, invented, or contrived.

2. Capable of being bequeathed, or given by will.

DEVISAL De*vis"al, n.

Defn: A devising. Whitney.

DEVISE De*vise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devised; p. pr. & vb. n. Devising.] Etym: [OF. deviser to distribute, regulate, direct, relate, F., to chat, fr. L. divisus divided, distributed, p. p. of dividere. See Divide, and cf. Device.]

1. To form in the mind by new combinations of ideas, new applications of principles, or new arrangement of parts; to formulate by thought; to contrive; to excogitate; to invent; to plan; to scheme; as, to devise an engine, a new mode of writing, a plan of defense, or an argument. To devise curious works. Ex. CCTV. 32. Devising schemes to realize his ambitious views. Bancroft.

2. To plan or scheme for; to purpose to obtain. For wisdom is most riches; fools therefore They are which fortunes do by vows devise. Spenser.

3. To say; to relate; to describe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

4. To imagine; to guess. [Obs.] Spenser.

5. (Law)

Defn: To give by will; -- used of real estate; formerly, also, of chattels.

Syn. -- To bequeath; invent; discover; contrive; excogitate; imagine; plan; scheme. See Bequeath.

DEVISE De*vise", v. i.

Defn: To form a scheme; to lay a plan; to contrive; to consider. I thought, devised, and Pallas heard my prayer. Pope.

Note: Devise was formerly followed by of; as, let us devise of ease. Spenser.

DEVISE De*vise", n. Etym: [OF. devise division, deliberation, wish, will, testament. See Device.]

1. The act of giving or disposing of real estate by will; -- sometimes improperly applied to a bequest of personal estate.

2. A will or testament, conveying real estate; the clause of a will making a gift of real property. Fines upon devises were still exacted. Bancroft.

3. Property devised, or given by will.

DEVISE De*vise", n.

Defn: Device. See Device. [Obs.]

DEVISEE Dev`i*see", n. (Law)

Defn: One to whom a devise is made, or real estate given by will.

DEVISER De*vis"er, n.

Defn: One who devises.

DEVISOR De*vis"or, n. (Law)

Defn: One who devises, or gives real estate by will; a testator; -- correlative to devisee.

DEVITABLE Dev"i*ta*ble, a. Etym: [L. devitare to avoid; de + vitare to shun, avoid.]

Defn: Avoidable. [Obs.]

DEVITALIZE De*vi"tal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of life or vitality. -- De*vi`tal*i*za"tion, n.

DEVITATION Dev`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. devitatio.]

Defn: An avoiding or escaping; also, a warning. [Obs.] Bailey.

DEVITRIFICATION De*vit`ri*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of devitrifying, or the state of being devitrified. Specifically, the conversion of molten glassy matter into a stony mass by slow cooling, the result being the formation of crystallites, microbites, etc., in the glassy base, which are then called devitrification products.

DEVITRIFY De*vit"ri*fy, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of glasslike character; to take away vitreous luster and transparency from.

DEVOCALIZE De*vo"cal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make toneless; to deprive of vowel quality. -- De*vo`cal*i*za"tion, n. If we take a high vowel, such as (i) [= nearly i of bit], and devocalize it, we obtain a hiss which is quite distinct enough to stand for a weak (jh). H. Sweet.

DEVOCATION Dev`o*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. devocare to call off or away; de + vocare to call.]

Defn: A calling off or away. [R.] Hallywell.

DEVOID De*void", v. t. Etym: [OE. devoiden to leave, OF. desvuidier, desvoidier, to empty out. See Void.]

Defn: To empty out; to remove.

DEVOID De*void", a. Etym: [See Devoid, v. t.]

1. Void; empty; vacant. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Destitute; not in possession; -- with of; as, devoid of sense; devoid of pity or of pride.

DEVOIR De*voir", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. debere to owe. See Due.]

Defn: Duty; service owed; hence, due act of civility or respect; -- now usually in the plural; as, they paid their devoirs to the ladies. "Do now your devoid, young knights!" Chaucer.

DEVOLUTE Dev"o*lute, v. t. Etym: [L. devolutus, p. p. of devolvere. See Devolve.]

Defn: To devolve. [Obs.] Foxe.

DEVOLUTION Dev`o*lu"tion, n. Etym: [LL. devolutio: cf. F. dévolution.]

1. The act of rolling down. [R.] The devolution of earth down upon the valleys. Woodward.

2. Transference from one person to another; a passing or devolving upon a successor. The devolution of the crown through a . . . channel known and conformable to old constitutional requisitions. De Quincey.

DEVOLVE De*volve", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devolved; p. pr. & vb. n. Devolving.] Etym: [L. devolvere, devolutum, to roll down; de + volvere to roll down; de + volvere to roll. See Voluble.]

1. To roll onward or downward; to pass on. Every headlong stream Devolves its winding waters to the main. Akenside. Devolved his rounded periods. Tennyson.

2. To transfer from one person to another; to deliver over; to hand down; -- generally with upon, sometimes with to or into. They devolved a considerable share of their power upon their favorite. Burke. They devolved their whole authority into the hands of the council of sixty. Addison.

DEVOLVE De*volve", v. i.

Defn: To pass by transmission or succession; to be handed over or down; -- generally with on or upon, sometimes with to or into; as, after the general fell, the command devolved upon (or on) the next officer in rank. His estate . . . devolved to Lord Somerville. Johnson.

DEVOLVEMENT De*volve"ment, n.

Defn: The act or process of devolving;; devolution.

DEVON De"von, n.

Defn: One of a breed of hardy cattle originating in the country of Devon, England. Those of pure blood have a deep red color. The small, longhorned variety, called North Devons, is distinguished by the superiority of its working oxen.

DEVONIAN De*vo"ni*an, a. (Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Devon or Devonshire in England; as, the Devonian rocks, period, or system. Devonian age (Geol.), the age next older than the Carboniferous and later than the Silurian; -- called also the Age of fishes. The various strata of this age compose the Devonian formation or system, and include the old red sandstone of Great Britain. They contain, besides plants and numerous invertebrates, the bony portions of many large and remarkable fishes of extinct groups. See the Diagram under Geology.

DEVONIAN De*vo"ni*an, n.

Defn: The Devonian age or formation.

DEVORATION Dev`o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. devoratio. See Devour.]

Defn: The act of devouring. [Obs.] Holinshed.

DEVOTARY De*vo"ta*ry, n. Etym: [See Devote, Votary.]

Defn: A votary. [Obs.] J. Gregory.

DEVOTE De*vote", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devoted; p. pr. & vb. n. Devoting.] Etym: [L. devotus, p. p. of devovere; de + vovere to vow. See Vow, and cf. Devout, Devow.]

1. To appropriate by vow; to set apart or dedicate by a solemn act; to consecrate; also, to consign over; to doom; to evil; to devote one to destruction; the city was devoted to the flames. No devoted thing that a man shall devote unto the Lord . . . shall be sold or redeemed. Lev. xxvii. 28.

2. To execrate; to curse. [Obs.]

3. To give up wholly; to addict; to direct the attention of wholly or compound; to attach; -- often with a reflexive pronoun; as, to devote one's self to science, to one's friends, to piety, etc.

Thy servant who is devoted to thy fear. Ps. cxix. 38. They devoted themselves unto all wickedness. Grew. A leafless and simple branch . . . devoted to the purpose of climbing. Gray.

Syn. -- To addict; apply; dedicate; consecrate; resign; destine; doom; consign. See Addict.

DEVOTE De*vote", a. Etym: [L. devotus, p. p.]

Defn: Devoted; addicted; devout. [Obs.] Milton.

DEVOTE De*vote", n.

Defn: A devotee. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

DEVOTED De*vot"ed, a.

Defn: Consecrated to a purpose; strongly attached; zealous; devout; as, a devoted admirer. -- De*vot"ed*ly, adv. -- De*vot"ed*ness, n.

DEVOTEE Dev`o*tee", n.

Defn: One who is wholly devoted; esp., one given wholly to religion; one who is superstitiously given to religious duties and ceremonies; a bigot. While Father Le Blanc was very devout he was not a devotee. A. S. Hardy.

DEVOTEMENT De*vote"ment, n.

Defn: The state of being devoted, or set apart by a vow. [R.] Bp. Hurd.

DEVOTER De*vot"er, n.

Defn: One who devotes; a worshiper.

DEVOTION De*vo"tion, n. Etym: [F. dévotion, L. devotio.]

1. The act of devoting; consecration.

2. The state of being devoted; addiction; eager inclination; strong attachment love or affection; zeal; especially, feelings toward God appropriately expressed by acts of worship; devoutness. Genius animated by a fervent spirit of devotion. Macaulay.

3. Act of devotedness or devoutness; manifestation of strong attachment; act of worship; prayer. "The love of public devotion." Hooker.

4. Disposal; power of disposal. [Obs.] They are entirely at our devotion, and may be turned backward and forward, as we please. Godwin.

5. A thing consecrated; an object of devotion. [R.] Churches and altars, priests and all devotions, Tumbled together into rude chaos. Beau. & Fl. Days of devotion. See under Day.

Syn. -- Consecration; devoutness; religiousness; piety; attachment; devotedness; ardor; earnestness.

DEVOTIONAL De*vo"tion*al, a. Etym: [L. devotionalis.]

Defn: Pertaining to, suited to, or used in, devotion; as, a devotional posture; devotional exercises; a devotional frame of mind.

DEVOTIONALIST; DEVOTIONIST De*vo"tion*al*ist, De*vo"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One given to devotion, esp. to excessive formal devotion.

DEVOTIONALITY De*vo`tion*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The practice of a devotionalist. A. H. Clough.

DEVOTIONALLY De*vo"tion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a devotional manner; toward devotion.

DEVOTO De*vo"to, n. Etym: [It.]

Defn: A devotee. Dr. J. Scott.

DEVOTOR De*vo"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A worshiper; one given to devotion. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DEVOUR De*vour", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Devoured; p. pr. & vb. n. Devouring.] Etym: [F. dévorer, fr. L. devorare; de + vorare to eat greedily, swallow up. See Voracious.]

1. To eat up with greediness; to consume ravenously; to feast upon like a wild beast or a glutton; to prey upon. Some evil beast hath devoured him. Gen. xxxvii. 20.

2. To seize upon and destroy or appropriate greedily, selfishly, or wantonly; to consume; to swallow up; to use up; to waste; to annihilate. Famine and pestilence shall devour him. Ezek. vii. 15. I waste my life and do my days devour. Spenser.

3. To enjoy with avidity; to appropriate or take in eagerly by the senses. Longing they look, and gaping at the sight, Devour her o'er with vast delight. Dryden.

Syn. -- To consume; waste; destroy; annihilate.

DEVOURABLE De*vour"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be devoured.

DEVOURER De*vour"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, devours.

DEVOURINGLY De*vour"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a devouring manner.

DEVOUT De*vout", a. Etym: [OE. devot, devout, F. dévot, from L. devotus devoted, p. p. of devovere. See Devote, v. t.]

1. Devoted to religion or to religious feelings and duties; absorbed in religious exercises; given to devotion; pious; reverent; religious. A devout man, and one that feared God. Acts x. 2. We must be constant and devout in the worship of God. Rogers.

2. Expressing devotion or piety; as, eyes devout; sighs devout; a devout posture. Milton.

3. Warmly devoted; hearty; sincere; earnest; as, devout wishes for one's welfare. The devout, devoutly religious persons, those who are sincerely pious.

Syn. -- Holy; pure; religious; prayerful; pious; earnest; reverent; solemn; sincere.

DEVOUT De*vout", n.

1. A devotee. [Obs.] Sheldon.

2. A devotional composition, or part of a composition; devotion. [Obs.] Milton.

DEVOUTFUL De*vout"ful, a.

1. Full of devotion. [R.]

2. Sacred. [R.] To take her from austerer check of parents, To make her his by most devoutful rights. Marston.

DEVOUTLESS De*vout"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of devotion. -- De*vout"less*ly, adv. -- De*vout"less*ness, n.

DEVOUTLY De*vout"ly, adv.

1. In a devout and reverent manner; with devout emotions; piously. Cast her fair eyes to heaven and prayed devoutly. Shak.

2. Sincerely; solemnly; earnestly. 'T is a consummation Devoutly to be wished. Shak.

DEVOUTNESS De*vout"ness, n.

Defn: Quality or state of being devout.

DEVOVE De*vove", v. t. Etym: [See Devote, v. t.]

Defn: To devote. [Obs.] Cowley.

DEVOW De*vow", v. t. Etym: [F. dévouer, L. devovere. See Devote, v. t.]

1. To give up; to devote. [Obs.]

2. Etym: [Cf. OF. desvoer. Cf. Disavow.]

Defn: To disavow; to disclaim. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

DEVULGARIZE De*vul"gar*ize, v. t.

Defn: To free from what is vulgar, common, or narrow. Shakespeare and Plutarch's "Lives" are very devulgarizing books. E. A. Abbott.

DEW Dew, n. Etym: [AS. deáw; akin to D. dauw, G. thau, tau, Icel. dögg, Sw. dagg, Dan. dug; cf. Skr. dhav, dhav, to flow. Dag dew.]

1. Moisture from the atmosphere condensed by cool bodies upon their surfaces, particularly at night. Her tears fell with the dews at even. Tennyson.

2. Figuratively, anything which falls lightly and in a refreshing manner. "The golden dew of sleep." Shak.

3. An emblem of morning, or fresh vigor. "The dew of his youth." Longfellow.

Note: Dew is used in combination; as, dew-bespangled, dew-drenched, dewdrop, etc.

DEW Dew, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dewed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dewing.]

Defn: To wet with dew or as with dew; to bedew; to moisten; as with dew. The grasses grew A little ranker since they dewed them so. A. B. Saxton.

DEW Dew, a. & n.

Defn: Same as Due, or Duty. [Obs.] Spenser.

DEWAR VESSEL Dew"ar ves`sel (du"er). [After Sir James Dewar, British physicist.]

Defn: A double-walled glass vessel for holding liquid air, etc., having the space between the walls exhausted so as to prevent conduction of heat, and sometimes having the glass silvered to prevent absorption of radiant heat; -- called also, according to the

## particular shape, Dewar bulb, Dewar tube, etc.

DEWBERRY Dew"ber`ry, n. (Bot.) (a) The fruit of certain species of bramble (Rubus); in England, the fruit of R. cæsius, which has a glaucous bloom; in America, that of R. canadensis and R. hispidus, species of low blackberries. (b) The plant which bears the fruit. Feed him with apricots and dewberries. Shak.

DEWCLAW Dew"claw`, n.

Defn: In any animal, esp. of the Herbivora, a rudimentary claw or small hoof not reaching the ground. Some cut off the dewclaws [of greyhounds]. J. H. Walsh.

DEWDROP Dew"drop`, n.

Defn: A drop of dew. Shak.

DEWFALL Dew"fall`, n.

Defn: The falling of dew; the time when dew begins to fall.

DEWINESS Dew"i*ness, n.

Defn: State of being dewy.

DEWLAP Dew"lap`, n. Etym: [Dew + lap to lick.]

1. The pendulous skin under the neck of an ox, which laps or licks the dew in grazing.

2. The flesh upon the human throat, especially when with age. [Burlesque] On her withered dewlap pour the ale. Shak.

DEWLAPPED Dew"lapped`, a.

Defn: Furnished with a dewlap.

DEWLESS Dew"less, a.

Defn: Having no dew. Tennyson.

DEW-POINT Dew"-point`, n. (Meteor.)

Defn: The temperature at which dew begins to form. It varies with the humidity and temperature of the atmosphere.

DEWRET Dew"ret`, v. t. Etym: [Dew + ret, v. t.]

Defn: To ret or rot by the process called dewretting.

DEWRETTING Dew"ret`ting, n.

Defn: Dewrotting; the process of decomposing the gummy matter of flax and hemp and setting the fibrous part, by exposure on a sward to dew, rain, and sunshine.

DEWROT Dew"rot`, v. t.

Defn: To rot, as flax or hemp, by exposure to rain, dew, and sun. See Dewretting.

DEWWORM Dew"worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Earthworm.

DEWY Dew"y, a.

1. Pertaining to dew; resembling, consisting of, or moist with, dew. A dewy mist Went and watered all the ground. Milton. When dewy eve her curtain draws. Keble.

2. Falling gently and beneficently, like the dew. Dewy sleep ambrosial. Cowper.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Resembling a dew-covered surface; appearing as if covered with dew.

DEXTER Dex"ter, a. Etym: [L.,; akin to Gr. dakshi (cf. daksh to be strong, suit); Goth. taihswa, OHG. zeso. Cf. Dexterous.]

1. Pertaining to, or situated on, the right hand; right, as opposed to sinister, or left. On sounding wings a dexter eagle flew. Pope.

2. (Her.)

Defn: On the right-hand side of a shield, i. e., towards the right hand of its wearer. To a spectator in front, as in a pictorial representation, this would be the left side. Dexter chief, or Dexter point (Her.), a point in the dexter upper corner of the shield, being in the dexter extremity of the chief, as A in the cut. -- Dexter base, a point in the dexter lower part or base of the shield, as B in the cut.

DEXTERICAL Dex*ter"i*cal, a.

Defn: Dexterous. [Obs.]

DEXTERITY Dex*ter"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. dexteritas, fr. dexter: cf. F. dextérité. See Dexter.]

1. Right-handedness.

2. Readiness and grace in physical activity; skill and ease in using the hands; expertness in manual acts; as, dexterity with the chisel. In youth quick bearing and dexterity. Shak.

3. Readiness in the use or control of the mental powers; quickness and skill in managing any complicated or difficult affair; adroitness. His wisdom . . . was turned . . . into a dexterity to deliver himself. Bacon. He had conducted his own defense with singular boldness and dexterity. Hallam.

Syn. -- Adroitness; activity; nimbleness; expertness; skill; cleverness; art; ability; address; tact; facility; aptness; aptitude; faculty. See Skill.

DEXTEROUS Dex"ter*ous, a. Etym: [L. dexter. See Dexter.] [Written also dextrous.]

1. Ready and expert in the use of the body and limbs; skillful and

## active with the hands; handy; ready; as, a dexterous hand; a

dexterous workman.

2. Skillful in contrivance; quick at inventing expedients; expert; as, a dexterous manager. Dexterous the craving, fawning crowd to quit. Pope.

3. Done with dexterity; skillful; artful; as, dexterous management. "Dexterous sleights of hand." Trench.

Syn. -- Adroit; active; expert; skillful; clever; able; ready; apt; handy; versed.

DEXTEROUSLY Dex"ter*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dexterous manner; skillfully.

DEXTEROUSNESS Dex"ter*ous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dexterous; dexterity.

DEXTRAD Dex"trad, adv. Etym: [L. dextra the right hand + ad to.] (Anat.)

Defn: Toward the right side; dextrally.

DEXTRAL Dex"tral, a. Etym: [From Dexter.]

Defn: Right, as opposed to sinistral, or left. Dextral shell (Zoöl.), a spiral shell the whorls of which turn from left right, or like the hands of a watch when the apex of the spire is toward the eye of the observer.

DEXTRALITY Dex*tral"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being on the right-hand side; also, the quality of being right-handed; right-handedness. Sir T. Browne.

DEXTRALLY Dex"tral*ly

Defn: (adv. Towards the right; as, the hands of a watch rotate dextrally.

DEXTRER Dex*trer", n.

Defn: A war horse; a destrer. [Obs.] "By him baiteth his dextrer." Chaucer.

DEXTRIN Dex"trin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dextrine, G. dextrin. See Dexter.] (Chem.)

Defn: A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieties of sugar. It is so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to the right; -- called also British gum, Alsace gum, gommelin, leiocome, etc. See Achroödextrin, and Erythrodextrin.

DEXTRO- Dex"tro-.

Defn: A prefix, from L. dexter, meaning, pertaining to, or toward, the right; (Chem. & Opt.)

Defn: having the property of turning the plane of polarized light to the right; as, dextrotartaric acid.

DEXTROGEROUS Dex*trog"er*ous, a. (Physics & Chem.)

Defn: See Dextrogyrate.

DEXTROGLUCOSE Dex`tro*glu"cose`, n. Etym: [Dextro- + glucose.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Dextrose.

DEXTROGYRATE Dex`tro*gy"rate, a. Etym: [Dextro- + gyrate.] (Chem. & Opt.)

Defn: Same as Dextrorotatory.

DEXTRONIC Dex*tron"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, dextrose; as, dextronic acid. Dextronic acid, a sirupy substance obtained by the partial oxidation of various carbohydrates, as dextrose, etc.

DEXTROROTARY Dex`tro*ro"ta*ry, a. (Physics & Chem.)

Defn: See Dextrotatory.

DEXTROROTATORY Dex`tro*ro"ta*to*ry, a. Etym: [Dextro- + rotatory.] (Chem. & Opt.)

Defn: Turning, or causing to turn, toward the right hand; esp., turning the plane of polarization of luminous rays toward the right hand; as, dextrorotatory crystals, sugars, etc. Cf. Levorotatory.

DEXTRORSAL; DEXTRORSE Dex*tror"sal, Dex"trorse`, a. Etym: [L. dextrorsum, contr. fr. dextrovorsum, dextroversum, toward the right side; dexter right + versus, vorsus, p. p. of vertere, vortere, to turn.]

Defn: Turning from the left to the right, in the ascending line, as in the spiral inclination of the stem of the common morning-glóry.

Note: At present scientists predicate dextrorse or sinistrorse quality of the plant regarded objectively; formerly the plant was regarded subjectively, and what is now called dextrorse was then considered sinistrorse.

DEXTROSE Dex"trose`, n. Etym: [See Dexter.] (Chem.)

Defn: A sirupy, or white crystalline, variety of sugar, C6H12O6 (so called from turning the plane of polarization to the right), occurring in many ripe fruits. Dextrose and levulose are obtained by the inversion of cane sugar or sucrose, and hence called invert sugar. Dextrose is chiefly obtained by the action of heat and acids on starch, and hence called also starch sugar. It is also formed from starchy food by the action of the amylolytic ferments of saliva and pancreatic juice.

Note: The solid products are known to the trade as grape sugar; the sirupy products as glucose, or mixing sirup. These are harmless, but are only about half as sweet as cane or sucrose.

DEXTROUS; DEXTROUSLY; DEXTROUSNESS Dex"trous, a., Dex"trous*ly, adv., Dex"trous*ness, n.

Defn: Same as Dexterous, Dexterously, etc.

DEY Dey, n. Etym: [See Dairy.]

Defn: A servant who has charge of the dairy; a dairymaid. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEY Dey, n.; pl. Deys. Etym: [Turk. dai, orig., a maternal uncle, then a friendly title formerly given to middle-aged or old people, especially among the Janizaries; and hence, in Algiers, consecrated at length to the commanding officer of that corps, who frequently became afterward pasha or regent of that province; hence the European misnomer of dey, as applied to the latter: cf. F. dey.]

Defn: The governor of Algiers; -- so called before the French conquest in 1830.

DEYE Deye, v. i.

Defn: To die. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEYNTE; DEYNTEE Deyn"te, Deyn"tee, n. & a.

Defn: See Dainty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DEZINCIFICATION De*zinc`i*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of freeing from zinc; also, the condition resulting from the removal of zinc.

DEZINCIFY De*zinc"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [Pref. de- + zinc + -fy.]

Defn: To deprive of, or free from, zinc.

DHOLE Dhole, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fierce, wild dog (Canis Dukhunensis), found in the mountains of India. It is remarkable for its propensity to hunt the tiger and other wild animals in packs.

DHONY Dho"ny, n.

Defn: A Ceylonese boat. See Doni.

DHOORRA; DHOURRA; DHURRA Dhoor"ra, Dhour"ra, or Dhur"ra (, n.

Defn: Indian millet. See Durra.

DHOW Dhow, n. Etym: [Ar. dao]

Defn: A coasting vessel of Arabia, East Africa, and the Indian Ocean. It has generally but one mast and a lateen sail. [Also written dow.]

DI- Di-. Etym: [Gr. bis twice. See Two, and cf. Bi-, Dia-. The L. pref. dis- sometimes assumes the form di-. See Dis-.]

Defn: A prefix, signifying twofold, double, twice; (Chem.)

Defn: denoting two atoms, radicals, groups, or equivalents, as the case may be. See Bi-,

2.

DIA-; DI- Di"a-, Di-. Etym: [Gr. Two, and cf. 1st Di-.]

Defn: A prefix denoting through; also, between, apart, asunder, across. Before a vowel dia- becomes di-; as, diactinic; dielectric, etc.

DIABASE Di"a*base, n. Etym: [F. diabase, fr. Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A basic, dark-colored, holocrystalline, igneous rock, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar and pyroxene with magnetic iron; -- often limited to rocks pretertiary in age. It includes part of what was early called greenstone.

DIABATERIAL Di*ab`a*te"ri*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Diabase.]

Defn: Passing over the borders. [R.] Mitford.

DIABETES Di`a*be"tes, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. Diabase.] (Med.)

Defn: A disease which is attended with a persistent, excessive discharge of urine. Most frequently the urine is not only increased in quantity, but contains saccharine matter, in which case the disease is generally fatal. Diabetes mellitus Etym: [NL., sweet diabetes], that form of diabetes in which the urine contains saccharine matter. -- Diabetes insipidus Etym: [NL., lit., diabetes], the form of diabetes in which the urine contains no abnormal constituent.

DIABETIC; DIABETICAL Di`a*bet"ic, Di`a*bet"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to diabetes; as, diabetic or diabetical treatment. Quian. Diabetic sugar. (Chem.) Same as Dextrose.

DIABLERIE; DIABLEY Dia`ble*rie", Di*ab"le*y, n. Etym: [F. diablerie, fr. diable devil, L. diabolus. See Devil.]

Defn: Devilry; sorcery or incantation; a diabolical deed; mischief.

DIABOLIC; DIABOLICAL Di`a*bol"ic, Di`a*bol"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. diabolicus, Gr. diabolique. See Devil.]

Defn: Pertaining to the devil; resembling, or appropriate, or appropriate to, the devil; devilish; infernal; impious; atrocious; nefarious; outrageously wicked; as, a diabolic or diabolical temper or act. "Diabolic power." Milton. "The diabolical institution." Motley. -- Di`a*bol"ic*al*ly, adv. -- Di`a*bol"ic*al*ness, n.

DIABOLIFY Di`a*bol"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [L. diabolus devil + -fy.]

Defn: To ascribed diabolical qualities to; to change into, or to represent as, a devil. [R.] Farindon.

DIABOLISM Di*ab"o*lism, n.

1. Character, action, or principles appropriate to the devil.

2. Possession by the devil. Bp. Warburton.

DIABOLIZE Di*ab"o*lize, v. t.

Defn: To render diabolical. [R.]

DIABOLO Di*ab"o*lo (di*ab"o*lo), n.

Defn: An old game or sport (revived under this name) consisting in whirling on a string, fastened to two sticks, a small somewhat spool- shaped object (called the diabolo) so as to balance it on a string, toss it in the air and catch it, etc.

DIACATHOLICON Di`a*ca*thol"i*con, n. Etym: [Pref. dia- + catholicon.] (Med.)

Defn: A universal remedy; -- name formerly to a purgative electuary.

DIACAUSTIC Di`a*caus"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. dia- + caustic.] (Opt.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or possessing the properties of, a species of caustic curves formed by refraction. See Caustic surface, under Caustic.

DIACAUSTIC Di`a*caus"tic, n.

1. (Med.)

Defn: That which burns by refraction, as a double convex lens, or the sun's rays concentrated by such a lens, sometimes used as a cautery.

2. (Math.)

Defn: A curved formed by the consecutive intersections of rays of light refracted through a lens.

DIACHYLON; DIACHYLUM Di*ach"y*lon, Di*ach"y*lum, n. Etym: [NL. diachylum, fr. Gr. (Med. & Chem.)

Defn: A plaster originally composed of the juices of several plants (whence its name), but now made of an oxide of lead and oil, and consisting essentially of glycerin mixed with lead salts of the fat acids.

DIACID Di*ac"id, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + acid.] (Chem.)

Defn: Divalent; -- said of a base or radical as capable of saturating two acid monad radicals or a dibasic acid. Cf. Dibasic, a., and Biacid.

DIACODIUM Di`a*co"di*um, n. Etym: [L., from Gr.

Defn: A sirup made of poppies.

DIACONAL Di*ac"o*nal, a. Etym: [LL. diaconalis: cf. F. diaconal. Cf. Deacon.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a deacon.

DIACONATE Di*ac"o*nate, n. Etym: [L. diaconatus: cf. F. diaconat.]

Defn: The office of a deacon; deaconship; also, a body or board of deacons.

DIACONATE Di*ac"o*nate, a.

Defn: Governed by deacons. "Diaconate church." T. Goodwin.

DIACOPE Di*ac"o*pe, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: Tmesis.

DIACOUSTIC Di`a*cous"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + acoustic.]

Defn: Pertaining to the science or doctrine of refracted sounds.

DIACOUSTICS Di`a*cous"tics, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diacoustique.]

Defn: That branch of natural philosophy which treats of the properties of sound as affected by passing through different mediums; -- called also diaphonics. See the Note under Acoustics.

DIACRITIC; DIACRITICAL Di`a*crit"ic, Di`a*crit"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Critic.]

Defn: That separates or distinguishes; -- applied to points or marks used to distinguish letters of similar form, or different sounds of the same letter, as, a, â, ä, o, ô, etc. "Diacritical points." Sir W. Jones. A glance at this typography will reveal great difficulties, which diacritical marks necessarily throw in the way of both printer and writer. A. J. Ellis.

DIACTINIC Di`ac*tin"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + actinic.] (Physics)

Defn: Capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light; as, diactinic media.

DIADELPHIA Di`a*del"phi*a, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants whose stamens are united into two bodies or bundles by their filaments.

DIADELPHIAN; DIADELPHOUS Di`a*del"phi*an, Di`a*del"phous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. diadelphe.] (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the class Diadelphia; having the stamens united into two bodies by their filaments (said of a plant or flower); grouped into two bundles or sets by coalescence of the filaments (said of stamens).

DIADEM Di"a*dem, n. Etym: [F. diadème, L. diadema, fr. Gr. da to bind.]

1. Originally, an ornamental head band or fillet, worn by Eastern monarchs as a badge of royalty; hence (later), also, a crown, in general. "The regal diadem." Milton.

2. Regal power; sovereignty; empire; -- considered as symbolized by the crown.

3. (Her.)

Defn: An arch rising from the rim of a crown (rarely also of a coronet), and uniting with others over its center. Diadem lemur. (Zoöl.) See Indri. -- Diadem spider (Zoöl.), the garden spider.

DIADEM Di"a*dem, v. t.

Defn: To adorn with a diadem; to crown. Not so, when diadem'd with rays divine. Pope. To terminate the evil, To diadem the right. R. H. Neale.

DIADROM Di"a*drom, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A complete course or vibration; time of vibration, as of a pendulum. [Obs.] Locke.

DIAERESIS; DIERESIS Di*ær"e*sis, Di*er"e*sis, n.; pl. Diæreses or Diereses. Etym: [L. diaeresis, Gr. Heresy.]

1. (Gram.)

Defn: The separation or resolution of one syllable into two; -- the opposite of synæresis.

2. A mark consisting of two dots [..], placed over the second of two adjacent vowels, to denote that they are to be pronounced as distinct letters; as, coöperate, aërial.

DIAERETIC Di`æ*ret"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Caustic. [Obs.]

DIAGEOTROPIC Di`a*ge`o*trop"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Relating to, or exhibiting, diageotropism.

DIAGEOTROPISM Di`a*ge*ot"ro*pism, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The tendency of organs (as roots) of plants to assume a position oblique or transverse to a direction towards the center of the earth.

DIAGLYPH Di"a*glyph, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An intaglio. Mollett.

DIAGLYPHIC; DIAGLYPHTIC Di`a*glyph"ic, Di`a*glyph"tic, a.

Defn: Represented or formed by depressions in the general surface; as, diaglyphic sculpture or engraving; -- opposed to anaglyphic.

DIAGNOSE Di`ag*nose", v. t. & i.

Defn: To ascertain by diagnosis; to diagnosticate. See Diagnosticate.

DIAGNOSIS Di`ag*no"sis, n.; pl. Diagnoses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Know.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: The art or act of recognizing the presence of disease from its signs or symptoms, and deciding as to its character; also, the decision arrived at.

2. Scientific determination of any kind; the concise description of characterization of a species.

3. Critical perception or scrutiny; judgment based on such scrutiny; esp., perception pf, or judgment concerning, motives and character. The quick eye for effects, the clear diagnosis of men's minds, and the love of epigram. Compton Reade. My diagnosis of his character proved correct. J. Payn. Differential diagnosis (Med.), the determination of the distinguishing characteristics as between two similar diseases or conditions.

DIAGNOSTIC Di`ag*nos"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. diagnostique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or furnishing, a diagnosis; indicating the nature of a disease.

DIAGNOSTIC Di`ag*nos"tic, n.

Defn: The mark or symptom by which one disease is known or distinguished from others.

DIAGNOSTICATE Di`ag*nos"ti*cate, v. t. & i. Etym: [From Diagnostic.]

Defn: To make a diagnosis of; to recognize by its symptoms, as a disease.

DIAGNOSTICS Di`ag*nos"tics, n.

Defn: That part of medicine which has to do with ascertaining the nature of diseases by means of their symptoms or signs. His rare skill in diagnostics. Macaulay.

DIAGOMETER Di`a*gom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: A sort of electroscope, invented by Rousseau, in which the dry pile is employed to measure the amount of electricity transmitted by different bodies, or to determine their conducting power. Nichol.

DIAGONAL Di*ag"o*nal, a. Etym: [L. diagonalis, fr. Gr. knee: cf. F. diagonal.] (Geom.)

Defn: Joining two not adjacent angles of a quadrilateral or multilateral figure; running across from corner to corner; crossing at an angle with one of the sides. Diagonal bond (Masonry), herringbone work. See Herringbone, a. -- Diagonal built (Shipbuilding), built by forming the outer skin of two layers of planking, making angles of about 45º with the keel, in opposite directions. -- Diagonal cleavage. See under Cleavage. -- Diagonal molding (Arch.), a chevron or zigzag molding. -- Diagonal rib. (Arch.) See Cross-springer. -- Diagonal scale, a scale which consists of a set of parallel lines, with other lines crossing them obliquely, so that their intersections furnish smaller subdivisions of the unit of measure than could be conveniently marked on a plain scale. -- Diagonal stratification. (Geol.) Same as Cross bedding, under Cross, a.

DIAGONAL Di*ag"o*nal, n.

1. A right line drawn from one angle to another not adjacent, of a figure of four or more sides, and dividing it into two parts.

2. (Engin.)

Defn: A member, in a framed structure, running obliquely across a panel.

3. A diagonal cloth; a kind of cloth having diagonal stripes, ridges, or welts made in the weaving.

DIAGONALLY Di*ag"o*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diagonal direction.

DIAGONIAL Di`a*go"ni*al, a.

Defn: Diagonal; diametrical; hence; diametrically opposed. [Obs.] Sin can have no tenure by law at all, but is rather an eternal outlaw, and in hostility with law past all atonement; both diagonal contraries, as much allowing one another as day and night together in one hemisphere. Milton.

DIAGRAM Di"a*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. diagramme. See Graphic.]

1. (Geom.)

Defn: A figure or drawing made to illustrate a statement, or facilitate a demonstration; a plan.

2. Any simple drawing made for mathematical or scientific purposes, or to assist a verbal explanation which refers to it; a mechanical drawing, as distinguished from an artistical one. Indicator diagram. (Steam Engine) See Indicator card, under indicator

DIAGRAM Di"a*gram, v. t.

Defn: To put into the form of a diagram.

DIAGRAMMATIC Di`a*gram*mat"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a diagram; showing by diagram. -- Di`a*gram*mat"ic*ly, adv.

DIAGRAPH Di"a*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. diagraphe. See Diagram.]

Defn: A drawing instrument, combining a protractor and scale.

DIAGRAPHIC; DIAGRAPHICAL Di`a*graph"ic, Di`a*graph"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. diagraphique.]

Defn: Descriptive.

DIAGRAPHICS Di`a*graph"ics, n.

Defn: The art or science of descriptive drawing; especially, the art or science of drawing by mechanical appliances and mathematical rule.

DIAHELIOTROPIC Di`a*he`li*o*trop"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Relating or, or manifesting, diaheliotropism.

DIAHELIOTROPISM Di`a*he`li*ot"ro*pism, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A tendency of leaves or other organs of plants to have their dorsal surface faced towards the rays of light.

DIAL Di"al, n. Etym: [LL. dialis daily, fr. L. dies day. See Deity.]

1. An instrument, formerly much used for showing the time of day from the shadow of a style or gnomon on a graduated arc or surface; esp., a sundial; but there are lunar and astral dials. The style or gnomon is usually parallel to the earth's axis, but the dial plate may be either horizontal or vertical.

2. The graduated face of a timepiece, on which the time of day is shown by pointers or hands.

3. A miner's compass. Dial bird (Zoöl.), an Indian bird (Copsychus saularius), allied to the European robin. The name is also given to other related species. -- Dial lock, a lock provided with one or more plates having numbers or letters upon them. These plates must be adjusted in a certain determined way before the lock can be operated. -- Dial plate, the plane or disk of a dial or timepiece on which lines and figures for indicating the time are placed.

DIAL Di"al, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dialed or Dialled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dialing or Dialling.]

1. To measure with a dial. Hours of that true time which is dialed in heaven. Talfourd.

2. (Mining)

Defn: To survey with a dial. Raymond.

DIALECT Di"a*lect, n. Etym: [F. dialecte, L. dialectus, fr. Gr. Dialogue.]

1. Means or mode of expressing thoughts; language; tongue; form of speech. This book is writ in such a dialect As may the minds of listless men affect. Bunyan. The universal dialect of the world. South.

2. The form of speech of a limited region or people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a variety or subdivision of a language; speech characterized by local peculiarities or specific circumstances; as, the Ionic and Attic were dialects of Greece; the Yorkshire dialect; the dialect of the learned. In the midst of this Babel of dialects there suddenly appeared a standard English language. Earle. [Charles V.] could address his subjects from every quarter in their native dialect. Prescott.

Syn. -- Language; idiom; tongue; speech; phraseology. See Language, and Idiom.

DIALECTAL Di`a*lec"tal, a.

Defn: Relating to a dialect; dialectical; as, a dialectical variant.

DIALECTIC Di`a*lec"tic, n.

Defn: Same as Dialectics. Plato placed his dialectic above all sciences. Liddell & Scott.

DIALECTIC; DIALECTICAL Di`a*lec"tic, Di`a*lec"tic*al, a. Etym: [L. dialecticus, Gr. dialectique. See Dialect.]

1. Pertaining to dialectics; logical; argumental.

2. Pertaining to a dialect or to dialects. Earle.

DIALECTICALLY Di`a*lec"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dialectical manner.

DIALECTICIAN Di`a*lec*ti"cian, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dialecticien.]

Defn: One versed in dialectics; a logician; a reasoner.

DIALECTICS Di`a*lec"tics, n. Etym: [L. dialectica (sc. ars), Gr. dialectique.]

Defn: That branch of logic which teaches the rules and modes of reasoning; the application of logical principles to discursive reasoning; the science or art of discriminating truth from error; logical discussion.

Note: Dialectics was defined by Aristotle to be the method of arguing with probability on any given problem, and of defending a tenet without inconsistency. By Plato, it was used in the following senses:

1. Discussion by dialogue as a method of scientific investigation.

2. The method of investigating the truth by analysis.

3. The science of ideas or of the nature and laws of being -- higher metaphysics. By Kant, it was employed to signify the logic of appearances or illusions, whether these arise from accident or error, or from those necessary limitations which, according to this philosopher, originate in the constitution of the human intellect.

DIALECTOLOGY Di`a*lec*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Dialect + -logy.]

Defn: That branch of philology which is devoted to the consideration of dialects. Beck.

DIALECTOR Di`a*lec"tor, n.

Defn: One skilled in dialectics.

DIALING Di"al*ing, n.

1. The art of constructing dials; the science which treats of measuring time by dials. [Written also dialling.]

2. A method of surveying, especially in mines, in which the bearings of the courses, or the angles which they make with each other, are determined by means of the circumferentor.

DIALIST Di"al*ist, n.

Defn: A maker of dials; one skilled in dialing.

DIALLAGE Di*al"la*ge, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which arguments are placed in various points of view, and then turned to one point. Smart.

DIALLAGE Di"al*lage, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A dark green or bronze-colored laminated variety of pyroxene, common in certain igneous rocks.

DIALLEL Di"al*lel, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Meeting and intersecting, as lines; not parallel; -- opposed to parallel. [Obs.] Ash.

DIALLYL Di*al"lyl, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A volatile, pungent, liquid hydrocarbon, C6H10, consisting of two allyl radicals, and belonging to the acetylene series.

DIALOGICAL Di`a*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Relating to a dialogue; dialogistical. Burton.

DIALOGICALLY Di`a*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner or nature of a dialogue. Goldsmith.

DIALOGISM Di*al"o*gism, n. Etym: [Gr. dialogisme. See Dialogue.]

Defn: An imaginary speech or discussion between two or more; dialogue. Fulke.

DIALOGIST Di*al"o*gist, n. Etym: [L. dialogista: cf. F. dialogiste.]

1. A speaker in a dialogue.

2. A writer of dialogues. P. Skelton.

DIALOGISTIC; DIALOGISTICAL Di*al`o*gis"tic, Di*al`o*gis"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to a dialogue; having the form or nature of a dialogue. -- Di*al`o*gis"tic*al*ly, adv.

DIALOGITE Di*al"o*gite, n. Etym: [From Gr. (Min.)

Defn: Native carbonate of manganese; rhodochrosite.

DIALOGIZE Di*al"o*gize, v. t. Etym: [Gr. dialogiser.]

Defn: To discourse in dialogue. Fotherby.

DIALOGUE Di"a*logue, n. Etym: [OE. dialogue, L. dialogus, fr. Gr. dialogue. See Legend.]

1. A conversation between two or more persons; particularly, a formal conservation in theatrical performances or in scholastic exercises.

2. A written composition in which two or more persons are represented as conversing or reasoning on some topic; as, the Dialogues of Plato.

DIALOGUE Di"a*logue, v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. dialoguer.]

Defn: To take part in a dialogue; to dialogize. [R.] Shak.

DIALOGUE Di"a*logue, v. t.

Defn: To express as in dialogue. [R.] And dialogued for him what he would say. Shak.

DIALYPETALOUS Di`al*y*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having separate petals; polypetalous.

DIALYSIS Di*al"y*sis, n.; pl. Dialyses. Etym: [L., separation, fr. Gr.

1. (Gram.)

Defn: Diæresis. See Diæresis,

1.

2. (Rhet.)

Defn: Same as Asyndeton.

3. (Med.) (a) Debility. (b) A solution of continuity; division; separation of parts.

4. (Chem.)

Defn: The separation of different substances in solution, as crystalloids and colloids, by means of their unequal diffusion, especially through natural or artificial membranes.

DIALYTIC Di`a*lyt"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Dialysis.]

Defn: Having the quality of unloosing or separating. Clarke. Dialytic telescope, an achromatic telescope in which the colored dispersion produced by a single object lens of crown glass is corrected by a smaller concave lens, or combination of lenses, of high dispersive power, placed at a distance in the narrower part of the converging cone of rays, usually near the middle of the tube.

DIALYZATE Di*al"y*zate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The material subjected to dialysis.

DIALYZATION Di`a*ly*za"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of dialysis.

DIALYZE Di"a*lyze, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dialyzed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dialyzing.] (Chem.)

Defn: To separate, prepare, or obtain, by dialysis or osmose; to pass through an animal membrane; to subject to dialysis. [Written also dialyse.]

DIALYZED Di"a*lyzed, a.

Defn: Prepared by diffusion through an animal membrane; as, dialyzed iron.

DIALYZER Di"a*ly`zer, n.

Defn: The instrument or medium used to effect chemical dialysis.

DIAMAGNET Di`a*mag"net, n. Etym: [Pref. dia- + magnet.]

Defn: A body having diamagnetic polarity.

DIAMAGNETIC Di`a*mag*net"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism; taking, or being of a nature to take, a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force. See Paramagnetic. Diamagnetic attraction. See under Attraction.

DIAMAGNETIC Di`a*mag*net"ic, n.

Defn: Any substance, as bismuth, glass, phosphorous, etc., which in a field of magnetic force is differently affected from the ordinary magnetic bodies, as iron; that is, which tends to take a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force, and is repelled by either pole of the magnet.

DIAMAGNETICALLY Di`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of, or according to, diamagnetism.

DIAMAGNETISM Di`a*mag"net*ism, n.

1. The science which treats of diamagnetic phenomena, and of the properties of diamagnetic bodies.

2. That form or condition of magnetic action which characterizes diamagnetics.

DIAMANTIFEROUS Di`a*man*tif"er*ous, a. Etym: [F. diamant diamond + -ferous.]

Defn: Yielding diamonds.

DIAMANTINE Di`a*man"tine, a.

Defn: Adamantine. [Obs.]

DIAMETER Di*am"e*ter, n. Etym: [F. diamètre, L. diametros, fr. Gr. Meter.]

1. (Geom.) (a) Any right line passing through the center of a figure or body, as a circle, conic section, sphere, cube, etc., and terminated by the opposite boundaries; a straight line which bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve. (b) A diametral plane.

2. The length of a straight line through the center of an object from side to side; width; thickness; as, the diameter of a tree or rock.

Note: In an elongated object the diameter is usually taken at right angles to the longer axis.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: The distance through the lower part of the shaft of a column, used as a standard measure for all parts of the order. See Module. Conjugate diameters. See under Conjugate.

DIAMETRAL Di*am"e*tral, a. Etym: [Gr. F. diamétral.]

Defn: Pertaining to a diameter; diametrical. Diametral curve, Diametral surface (Geom.), any line or surface which bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve or surface. -- Diametral planes (Crystal.), planes in which two of the axes lie.

DIAMETRAL Di*am"e*tral, n.

Defn: A diameter. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DIAMETRALLY Di*am"e*tral*ly, adv.

Defn: Diametrically.

DIAMETRIC; DIAMETRICAL Di*am"e*tric, Di*am"e*tric*al, a.

1. Of or pertaining to a diameter.

2. As remote as possible, as if at the opposite end of a diameter; directly adverse.

DIAMETRICALLY Di*am"e*tric*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diametrical manner; directly; as, diametrically opposite. Whose principles were diametrically opposed to his. Macaulay.

DIAMIDE Di*am"ide (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any compound containing two amido groups united with one or more acid or negative radicals, -- as distinguished from a diamine. Cf. Amido acid, under Amido, and Acid amide, under Amide.

DIAMIDO- Di*am"i*do- (, a. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix or combining form of Diamine.

Note: [Also used adjectively.]

DIAMINE Di*am"ine (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + amine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound containing two amido groups united with one or more basic or positive radicals, -- as contrasted with a diamide.

Note: In chemical nomenclature, if any amine or diamine is named by prefixing the nitrogen group, the name of the latter takes the form of amido, diamido, etc., thus ethylene diamine, C2H4.(NH2)2, is also called diamido-ethylene.

DIAMOND Di"a*mond, n. Etym: [OE. diamaund, diamaunt, F. diamant, corrupted, fr. L. adamas, the hardest iron, steel, diamond, Gr. Adamant, Tame.]

1. A precious stone or gem excelling in brilliancy and beautiful play of prismatic colors, and remarkable for extreme hardness.

Note: The diamond is native carbon in isometric crystals, often octahedrons with rounded edges. It is usually colorless, but some are yellow, green, blue, and even black. It is the hardest substance known. The diamond as found in nature (called a rough diamond) is cut, for use in jewelry, into various forms with many reflecting faces, or facets, by which its brilliancy is much increased. See Brilliant, Rose. Diamonds are said to be of the first water when very transparent, and of the second or third water as the transparency decreases.

2. A geometrical figure, consisting of four equal straight lines, and having two of the interior angles acute and two obtuse; a rhombus; a lozenge.

3. One of a suit of playing cards, stamped with the figure of a diamond.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: A pointed projection, like a four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in lines or groups.

5. (Baseball)

Defn: The infield; the square space, 90 feet on a side, having the bases at its angles.

6. (Print.)

Defn: The smallest kind of type in English printing, except that called brilliant, which is seldom seen.

Note: * This line is printed in the type called Diamond. Black diamond, coal; (Min.) See Carbonado. -- Bristol diamond. See Bristol stone, under Bristol. -- Diamond beetle (Zoöl.), a large South American weevil (Entimus imperialis), remarkable for its splendid luster and colors, due to minute brilliant scales. -- Diamond bird (Zoöl.), a small Australian bird (Pardalotus punctatus, family Ampelidæ.). It is black, with white spots. -- Diamond drill (Engin.), a rod or tube the end of which is set with black diamonds; -- used for perforating hard substances, esp. for boring in rock. -- Diamond finch (Zoöl.), a small Australian sparrow, often kept in a cage. Its sides are black, with conspicuous white spots, and the rump is bright carmine. -- Diamond groove (Iron Working), a groove of V-section in a roll. -- Diamond mortar (Chem.), a small steel mortar used for pulverizing hard substances. -- Diamond-point tool, a cutting tool whose point is diamond-shaped. -- Diamond snake (Zoöl.), a harmless snake of Australia (Morelia spilotes); the carpet snake. -- Glazier's diamond, a small diamond set in a glazier's tool, for cutting glass.

DIAMOND Di"a*mond, a.

Defn: Resembling a diamond; made of, or abounding in, diamonds; as, a diamond chain; a diamond field.

DIAMOND ANNIVERSARY; DIAMOND JUBILEE Diamond anniversary, jubilee, etc.

Defn: One celebrated upon the completion of sixty, or, according to some, seventy-five, years from the beginning of the thing commemorated.

DIAMOND-BACK Di"a*mond-back`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The salt-marsh terrapin of the Atlantic coast (Malacoclemmys palustris).

DIAMONDED Di"a*mond*ed, a.

1. Having figures like a diamond or lozenge.

2. Adorned with diamonds; diamondized. Emerson.

DIAMONDIZE Di"a*mond*ize, v. t.

Defn: To set with diamonds; to adorn; to enrich. [R.] Diamondizing of your subject. B. Jonson.

DIAMOND-SHAPED Di"a*mond-shaped`, a.

Defn: Shaped like a diamond or rhombus.

DIAMOND STATE Diamond State.

Defn: Delaware; -- a nickname alluding to its small size.

DIAMYLENE Di*am"y*lene, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + amylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H20, of the ethylene series, regarded as a polymeric form of amylene.

DIAN Di"an, a

Defn: , Diana. [Poetic]

DIANA Di*a"na, n. Etym: [L. Diana.] (Myth.)

Defn: The daughter of Jupiter and Latona; a virgin goddess who presided over hunting, chastity, and marriage; -- identified with the Greek goddess Artemis. And chaste Diana haunts the forest shade. Pope. Diana monkey (Zoöl.), a handsome, white-bearded monkey of West Africa (Cercopithecus Diana).

DIANDRIA Di*an"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having two stamens.

DIANDRIAN Di*an"dri*an, a.

Defn: Diandrous.

DIANDROUS Di*an"drous, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diandre.] (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the class Diandria; having two stamens.

DIANIUM Di*a"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. Diana; either as the name of the Roman goddess, or from its use in OE. as a name of silver.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Columbium. [Obs.]

DIANOETIC Di`a*no*et"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Metaph.)

Defn: Pertaining to the discursive faculty, its acts or products. I would employ . . . dianoetic to denote the operation of the discursive, elaborative, or comparative faculty. Sir W. Hamilton.

DIANOIALOGY Di`a*noi*al"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The science of the dianoetic faculties, and their operations. Sir W. Hamilton.

DIANTHUS Di*an"thus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants containing some of the most popular of cultivated flowers, including the pink, carnation, and Sweet William.

DIAPASE Di"a*pase, n.

Defn: Same as Diapason. [Obs.] A tuneful diapase of pleasures. Spenser.

DIAPASM Di"a*pasm, n. Etym: [L. diapasma, Gr. diapasme.]

Defn: Powdered aromatic herbs, sometimes made into little balls and strung together. [Obs.]

DIAPASON Di`a*pa"son, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. i. e., diapason. Cf. Panacea.]

1. (Gr. Mus.)

Defn: The octave, or interval which includes all the tones of the diatonic scale.

2. Concord, as of notes an octave apart; harmony. The fair music that all creatures made . . . In perfect diapason. Milton.

3. The entire compass of tones. Through all the compass of the notes it ran, The diapason closing full in man. Dryden.

4. A standard of pitch; a tuning fork; as, the French normal diapason.

5. One of certain stops in the organ, so called because they extend through the scale of the instrument. They are of several kinds, as open diapason, stopped diapason, double diapason, and the like.

DIAPEDESIS Di`a*pe*de"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The passage of the corpuscular elements of the blood from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, without rupture of the walls of the blood vessels.

DIAPENTE Di`a*pen"te, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. diapente.]

1. (Anc. Mus.)

Defn: The interval of the fifth.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A composition of five ingredients.

DIAPER Di"a*per, n. Etym: [OF. diaspre, diapre, diaspe, sort of figured cloth, It. diaspro jasper, diaspo figured cloth, from L.jaspis a green-colored precious stone. See Jasper.]

1. Any textile fabric (esp. linen or cotton toweling) woven in diaper pattern. See 2.

2. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Surface decoration of any sort which consists of the constant repetition of one or more simple figures or units of design evenly spaced.

3. A towel or napkin for wiping the hands, etc. Let one attend him with a silver basin, . . . Another bear the ewer, the third a diaper. Shak.

4. An infant's breechcloth.

DIAPER Di"a*per, v. t.

1. To ornament with figures, etc., arranged in the pattern called diaper, as cloth in weaving. "Diapered light." H. Van Laun. Engarlanded and diapered With in wrought flowers. Tennyson.

2. To put a diaper on (a child).

DIAPER Di"a*per, v. i.

Defn: To draw flowers or figures, as upon cloth. "If you diaper on folds." Peacham.

DIAPERING Di"a*per*ing, n.

Defn: Same as Diaper, n.,

2.

DIAPHANE Di"a*phane, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diaphane diaphanous. See Diaphanous.]

Defn: A woven silk stuff with transparent and colored figures; diaper work.

DIAPHANED Di"a*phaned, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. diaphaner to make transparent. See Diaphanous.]

Defn: Transparent or translucent. [R.]

DIAPHANEITY Di`a*pha*ne"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diaphanéité. See Diaphanous.]

Defn: The quality of being diaphanous; transparency; pellucidness.

DIAPHANIC Di`a*phan"ic, a. Etym: [See Diaphanous.]

Defn: Having power to transmit light; transparent; diaphanous.

DIAPHANIE Di*aph"a*nie, n.

Defn: The art of imitating

DIAPHANOMETER Di`a*pha*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the transparency of the air.

DIAPHANOSCOPE Di`a*phan"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Photog.)

Defn: A dark box constructed for viewing transparent pictures, with or without a lens.

DIAPHANOTYPE Di`a*phan"o*type, n. Etym: [Gr. -type.] (Photog.)

Defn: A colored photograph produced by superimposing a translucent colored positive over a strong uncolored one.

DIAPHANOUS Di*aph"a*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. diaphane. See Phantom, and cf. Diaphane, Diaphanic.]

Defn: Allowing light to pass through, as porcelain; translucent or transparent; pellucid; clear. Another cloud in the region of them, light enough to be fantastic and diaphanous. Landor.

DIAPHANOUSLY Di*aph"a*nous*ly, adv.

Defn: Translucently.

DIAPHEMETRIC Di*aph`e*met"ric, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to the measurement of the tactile sensibility of parts; as, diaphemetric compasses. Dunglison.

DIAPHONIC; DIAPHONICAL Di`a*phon"ic, Di`a*phon"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Diacoustic.

DIAPHONICS Di`a*phon"ics, n.

Defn: The doctrine of refracted sound; diacoustics.

DIAPHORESIS Di`a*pho*re"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Perspiration, or an increase of perspiration.

DIAPHORETIC; DIAPHORETICAL Di`a*pho*ret"ic, Di`a*pho*ret"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. diaphoreticus, Gr. diaphorétique. See Diaphoresis.]

Defn: Having the power to increase perspiration.

DIAPHORETIC Di`a*pho*ret"ic, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine or agent which promotes perspiration.

Note: Diaphoretics differ from sudorifics; the former only increase the insensible perspiration, the latter excite the sensible discharge called sweat. Parr.

DIAPHOTE Di"a*phote, n. Etym: [Pref. dia- + Gr. (Elec.)

Defn: An instrument designed for transmitting pictures by telegraph. Fallows.

DIAPHRAGM Di"a*phragm, n. Etym: [L. diaphragma, Gr. fareire to stuff: cf. F. diaphragme. See Farce.]

1. A dividing membrane or thin partition, commonly with an opening through it.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The muscular and tendinous partition separating the cavity of the chest from that of the abdomen; the midriff.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A calcareous plate which divides the cavity of certain shells into two parts.

4. (Opt.)

Defn: A plate with an opening, which is generally circular, used in instruments to cut off marginal portions of a beam of light, as at the focus of a telescope.

5. (Mach.)

Defn: A partition in any compartment, for various purposes. Diaphragm pump, one in which a flexible diaphragm takes the place of a piston.

DIAPHRAGMATIC Di`a*phrag*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. diaphragmatique.]

Defn: Pertaining to a diaphragm; as, diaphragmatic respiration; the diaphragmatic arteries and nerves.

DIAPHYSIS Di*aph"y*sis, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: An abnormal prolongation of the axis of inflorescence.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The shaft, or main part, of a bone, which is first ossified.

DIAPNOIC Di`ap*no"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. diapnoïque.] (Med.)

Defn: Slightly increasing an insensible perspiration; mildly diaphoretic. -- n.

Defn: A gentle diaphoretic.

DIAPOPHYSICAL Di*ap`o*phys"ic*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to a diapophysis.

DIAPOPHYSIS Di`a*poph"y*sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Dia-, and Apophysis.] (Anat.)

Defn: The dorsal transverse, or tubercular, process of a vertebra. See Vertebra.

DIARCHY Di"arch*y, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A form of government in which the supreme power is vested in two persons.

DIARIAL; DIARIAN Di*a"ri*al, Di*a"ri*an, a. Etym: [See Diary.]

Defn: Pertaining to a diary; daily.

DIARIST Di"a*rist, n.

Defn: One who keeps a diary.

DIARRHEA; DIARRHOEA Di`ar*rhe"a, Di`ar*rhoe"a, n. Etym: [L. diarrhoea, Gr. stream. See Stream.] (Med.)

Defn: A morbidly frequent and profuse discharge of loose or fluid evacuations from the intestines, without tenesmus; a purging or looseness of the bowels; a flux.

DIARRHEAL; DIARRHOEAL Di`ar*rhe"al, Di`ar*rhoe"al a. (Med.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to diarrhea; like diarrhea.

DIARRHETIC; DIARRHOETIC Di`ar*rhet"ic, Di`ar*rhoet"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Producing diarrhea, or a purging.

DIARTHRODIAL Di`ar*thro"di*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Relating to diarthrosis, or movable articulations.

DIARTHROSIS Di`ar*thro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A form of articulation which admits of considerable motion; a complete joint; abarticulation. See Articulation.

DIARY Di"a*ry, n.; pl. Diaries. Etym: [L. diarium, fr. dies day. See Deity.]

Defn: A register of daily events or transactions; a daily record; a journal; a blank book dated for the record of daily memoranda; as, a diary of the weather; a physician's diary.

DIARY Di"a*ry, a.

Defn: lasting for one day; as, a diary fever. [Obs.] "Diary ague." Bacon.

DIASPORA Di*as"po*ra, n. [Gr. . See Diaspore.] Lit., "Dispersion." -- applied collectively: (a) To those Jews who, after the Exile, were scattered through the Old World, and afterwards to Jewish Christians living among heathen. Cf. James i.1. (b) By extension, to Christians isolated from their own communion, as among the Moravians to those living, usually as missionaries, outside of the parent congregation.

DIASPORE Di"a*spore, n. Etym: [From Gr. diaspore.] (Min.)

Defn: A hydrate of alumina, often occurring in white lamellar masses with brilliant pearly luster; -- so named on account of its decrepitating when heated before the blowpipe.

DIASTASE Di"a*stase, n. Etym: [Gr. diastase. Cf. Diastasis.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable of converting starch and dextrin into sugar.

Note: The name is more particularly applied to that ferment formed during the germination of grain, as in the malting of barley; but it is also occasionally used to designate the amylolytic ferment contained in animal fluids, as in the saliva.

DIASTASIC Di`a*sta"sic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or consisting of, diastase; as, diastasic ferment.

DIASTASIS Di*as"ta*sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Diastase.] (Surg.)

Defn: A forcible of bones without fracture.

DIASTATIC Di`a*stat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Diastase.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Relating to diastase; having the properties of diastase; effecting the conversion of starch into sugar. The influence of acids and alkalies on the diastatic action of saliva. Lauder Brunton.

DIASTEM Di"a*stem, n. Etym: [L. diastema, Gr. diastème.] (a) Intervening space; interval. (b) (Anc. Mus.) An interval.

DIASTEMA Di`a*ste"ma, n. Etym: [L. See Diastem.] (Anat.)

Defn: A vacant space, or gap, esp. between teeth in a jaw.

DIASTER Di*as"ter, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: A double star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when, during cell division, the loops of the nuclear network separate into two groups, preparatory to the formation of two daughter nuclei. See Karyokinesis.

DIASTOLE Di*as"to*le, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Physiol.)

Defn: The rhythmical expansion or dilatation of the heart and arteries; -- correlative to systole, or contraction.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: A figure by which a syllable naturally short is made long.

DIASTOLIC Di`as*tol"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to diastole.

DIASTYLE Di"a*style, n. Etym: [L. diastylus, Gr. diastyle.] (Arch.)

Defn: See under Intercolumniation.

DIATESSARON Di`a*tes"sa*ron, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Anc. Mus.)

Defn: The interval of a fourth.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: A continuous narrative arranged from the first four books of the New Testament.

3. An electuary compounded of four medicines.

DIATHERMAL Di`a*ther"mal, a. Etym: [Gr. Diathermous.]

Defn: Freely permeable by radiant heat.

DIATHERMANCY; DIATHERMANEITY Di`a*ther"man*cy, Di`a*ther`ma*ne"i*ty, n. Etym: [See Diathermanous.]

Defn: The property of transmitting radiant heat; the quality of being diathermous. Melloni.

DIATHERMANISM Di`a*ther"ma*nism, n.

Defn: The doctrine or the phenomena of the transmission of radiant heat. Nichol.

DIATHERMANOUS Di`a*ther"ma*nous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Having the property of transmitting radiant heat; diathermal; - - opposed to athermanous.

DIATHERMIC Di`a*ther"mic, a.

Defn: Affording a free passage to heat; as, diathermic substances. Melloni.

DIATHERMOMETER Di`a*ther*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter. See Diathermal.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for examining the thermal resistance or heat- conducting power of liquids.

DIATHERMOUS Di`a*ther"mous, a.

Defn: Same as Diathermal.

DIATHESIS Di*ath"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Bodily condition or constitution, esp. a morbid habit which predisposes to a particular disease, or class of diseases.

DIATHETIC Di`a*thet"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or dependent on, a diathesis or special constitution of the body; as, diathetic disease.

DIATOM Di"a*tom, n. Etym: [Gr. Diatomous.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: One of the Diatomaceæ, a family of minute unicellular Algæ having a siliceous covering of great delicacy, each individual multiplying by spontaneous division. By some authors diatoms are called Bacillariæ, but this word is not in general use.

2. A particle or atom endowed with the vital principle. The individual is nothing. He is no more than the diatom, the bit of protoplasm. Mrs. E. Lynn Linton.

DIATOMIC Di`a*tom"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + atomic.] (Chem.) (a) Containing two atoms. (b) Having two replaceable atoms or radicals.

DIATOMOUS Di*at"o*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. Diatom.] (Min.)

Defn: Having a single, distinct, diagonal cleavage; -- said of crystals. Mohs.

DIATONIC Di`a*ton"ic, a. Etym: [L. diatonicus, diatonus, Gr. diatonique. See Tone.] (Mus.)

Defn: Pertaining to the scale of eight tones, the eighth of which is the octave of the first. Diatonic scale (Mus.), a scale consisting of eight sounds with seven intervals, of which two are semitones and five are whole tones; a modern major or minor scale, as distinguished from the chromatic scale.

DIATONICALLY Di`a*ton"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diatonic manner.

DIATRIBE Di"a*tribe, n. Etym: [L. diatriba a learned discussion, Gr. terere, F. trite: cf. F. diatribe.]

Defn: A prolonged or exhaustive discussion; especially, an acrimonious or invective harangue; a strain of abusive or railing language; a philippic. The ephemeral diatribe of a faction. John Morley.

DIATRIBIST Di*at"ri*bist, n.

Defn: One who makes a diatribe or diatribes.

DIATRYMA Di`a*try"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct eocene bird from New Mexico, larger than the ostrich.

DIAZEUCTIC; DIAZEUTIC Di`a*zeuc"tic, Di`a*zeu"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anc. Mus.)

Defn: Disjoining two fourths; as, the diazeutic tone, which, like that from F to G in modern music, lay between two fourths, and, being joined to either, made a fifth. [Obs.]

DIAZO- Di*az"o- (. Etym: [Pref. di- + azo-] (Chem.)

Defn: A combining form (also used adjectively), meaning pertaining to, or derived from, a series of compounds containing a radical of two nitrogen atoms, united usually to an aromatic radical; as, diazo- benzene, C6H5.N2.OH.

Note: Diazo compounds are in general unstable, but are of great importance in recent organic chemistry. They are obtained by a

## partial reduction of the salts of certain amido compounds. Diazo

reactions (Chem.), a series of reactions whereby diazo compounds are employed in substitution. These reactions are of great importance in organic chemistry.

DIAZOTIZE Di*az"o*tize, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To subject to such reactions or processes that diazo compounds, or their derivatives, shall be produced by chemical exchange or substitution.

DIB Dib, v. i.

Defn: To dip. [Prov. Eng.] Walton.

DIB Dib, n.

1. One of the small bones in the knee joints of sheep uniting the bones above and below the joints.

2. pl.

Defn: A child's game, played with dib bones.

DIBASIC Di*ba"sic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + basic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having two acid hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by basic atoms or radicals, in forming salts; bibasic; -- said of acids, as oxalic or sulphuric acids. Cf. Diacid, Bibasic.

Note: In the case of certain acids dibasic and divalent are not synonymous; as, tartaric acid is tetravalent and dibasic, lactic acid is divalent but monobasic.

DIBASICITY Di`ba*sic"i*ty, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The property or condition of being dibasic.

DIBBER Dib"ber, n.

Defn: A dibble. Halliwell.

DIBBLE Dib"ble, n. Etym: [See Dibble, v. i.]

Defn: A pointed implement used to make holes in the ground in which no set out plants or to plant seeds.

DIBBLE Dib"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dibbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dibbling.] Etym: [Freq. of Prov. E. dib, for dip to thrust in. See Dip.]

Defn: To dib or dip frequently, as in angling. Walton.

DIBBLE Dib"ble, v. t.

1. To plant with a dibble; to make holes in (soil) with a dibble, for planting.

2. To make holes or indentations in, as if with a dibble. The clayey soil around it was dibbled thick at the time by the tiny hoofs of sheep. H. Miller.

DIBBLER Dib"bler, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dibbles, or makes holes in the ground for seed.

DIBRANCHIATA Di*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of cephalopods which includes those with two gills, an apparatus for emitting an inky fluid, and either eight or ten cephalic arms bearing suckers or hooks, as the octopi and squids. See Cephalopoda.

DIBRANCHIATE Di*bran"chi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two gills. -- n.

Defn: One of the Dibranchiata.

DIBS Dibs, n.

Defn: A sweet preparation or treacle of grape juice, much used in the East. Johnston.

DIBSTONE Dib"stone` (; 110), n.

Defn: A pebble used in a child's game called dibstones. Locke.

DIBUTYL Di*bu"tyl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + butyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C8H18, of the marsh-gas series, being one of several octanes, and consisting of two butyl radicals. Cf. Octane.

DICACIOUS Di*ca"cious, a. Etym: [L. dicax, dicacis, fr. dicere to say.]

Defn: Talkative; pert; saucy. [Obs.]

DICACITY Di*cac"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. dicacitas: cf. F. dicacité. See Dicacious.]

Defn: Pertness; sauciness. [Obs.]

DICALCIC Di*cal"cic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + calcic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having two atoms or equivalents of calcium to the molecule.

DICARBONIC Di`car*bon"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + carbonic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Containing two carbon residues, or two carboxyl or radicals; as, oxalic acid is a dicarbonic acid.

DICAST Di"cast, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A functionary in ancient Athens answering nearly to the modern juryman.

DICASTERY Di*cas"ter*y, n. Etym: [Gr. Dicast.]

Defn: A court of justice; judgment hall. [R.] J. S. Mill.

DICE Dice, n.; pl. of Die.

Defn: Small cubes used in gaming or in determining by chance; also, the game played with dice. See Die, n. Dice coal, a kind of coal easily splitting into cubical fragments. Brande & C.

DICE Dice, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Diced; p. pr. & vb. n. Dicing.]

1. To play games with dice. I . . . diced not above seven times a week. Shak.

2. To ornament with squares, diamonds, or cubes.

DICEBOX Dice"box`, n.

Defn: A box from which dice are thrown in gaming. Thackeray.

DICENTRA Di*cen"tra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of herbaceous plants, with racemes of two-spurred or heart-shaped flowers, including the Dutchman's breeches, and the more showy Bleeding heart (D. spectabilis). [Corruptly written dielytra.]

DICEPHALOUS Di*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Having two heads on one body; double-headed.

DICER Di"cer, n.

Defn: A player at dice; a dice player; a gamester. As false as dicers' oaths. Shak.

DICH Dich, v. i.

Defn: To ditch. [Obs.]

DICHASTIC Di*chas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Capable of subdividing spontaneously.

DICHLAMYDEOUS Di`chla*myd"e*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having two coverings, a calyx and in corolla.

DICHLORIDE Di*chlo"ride, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + chloride.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Bichloride.

DICHOGAMOUS Di*chog"a*mous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Manifesting dichogamy.

DICHOGAMY Di*chog"a*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of certain species of plants, in which the stamens and pistil do not mature simultaneously, so that these plants can never fertilize themselves.

DICHOTOMIST Di*chot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who dichotomizes. Bacon.

DICHOTOMIZE Di*chot"o*mize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dichotomized; p. pr. & vb. n. Dichotomizing.] Etym: [See Dichotomous.]

1. To cut into two parts; to part into two divisions; to divide into pairs; to bisect. [R.] The apostolical benediction dichotomizes all good things into grace and peace. Bp. Hall.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: To exhibit as a half disk. See Dichotomy,

3. "[The moon] was dichotomized." Whewell.

DICHOTOMIZE Di*chot"o*mize, v. i.

Defn: To separate into two parts; to branch dichotomously; to become dichotomous.

DICHOTOMOUS Di*chot"o*mous, a. Etym: [L. dichotomos, Gr.

Defn: Regularly dividing by pairs from bottom to top; as, a dichotomous stem. -- Di*chot"o*mous*ly, adv.

DICHOTOMY Di*chot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. dichotomie. See Dichotomous.]

1. A cutting in two; a division. A general breach or dichotomy with their church. Sir T. Browne.

2. Division or distribution of genera into two species; division into two subordinate parts.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: That phase of the moon in which it appears bisected, or shows only half its disk, as at the quadratures.

4. (Biol.)

Defn: Successive division and subdivision, as of a stem of a plant or a vein of the body, into two parts as it proceeds from its origin; successive bifurcation.

5. The place where a stem or vein is forked.

6. (Logic)

Defn: Division into two; especially, the division of a class into two subclasses opposed to each other by contradiction, as the division of the term man into white and not white.

DICHROIC Di*chro"ic, a. Etym: [See Dichroism.]

Defn: Having the property of dichroism; as, a dichroic crystal.

DICHROISCOPE Di*chro"i*scope, n.

Defn: Same as Dichroscope.

DICHROISM Di"chro*ism, n. Etym: [Gr. (Opt.)

Defn: The property of presenting different colors by transmitted light, when viewed in two different directions, the colors being unlike in the direction of unlike or unequal axes.

DICHROITE Di"chro*ite, n. Etym: [See Dichroism.] (Min.)

Defn: Iolite; -- so called from its presenting two different colors when viewed in two different directions. See Iolite.

DICHROITIC Di`chro*it"ic, a.

Defn: Dichroic.

DICHROMATE Di*chro"mate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of chromic acid containing two equivalents of the acid radical to one of the base; -- called also bichromate.

DICHROMATIC Di`chro*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + chromatic: cf. Gr.

1. Having or exhibiting two colors.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two color varieties, or two phases differing in color, independently of age or sex, as in certain birds and insects.

DICHROMATISM Di*chro"ma*tism, n.

Defn: The state of being dichromatic.

DICHROMIC Di*chro"mic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Furnishing or giving two colors; -- said of defective vision, in which all the compound colors are resolvable into two elements instead of three. Sir J. Herschel.

DICHROOUS Di"chro*ous, a.

Defn: Dichroic.

DICHROSCOPE Di"chro*scope, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An instrument for examining the dichroism of crystals.

DICHROSCOPIC Di`chro*scop"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the dichroscope, or to observations with it.

DICING Di"cing, n.

1. An ornamenting in squares or cubes.

2. Gambling with dice. J. R. Green.

DICKCISSEL Dick*cis"sel, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The American black-throated bunting (Spiza Americana).

DICKENS Dick"ens, n. or interj. Etym: [Perh. a contr. of the dim. devilkins.]

Defn: The devil. [A vulgar euphemism.] I can not tell what the dickens his name is. Shak.

DICKER Dick"er, n. Etym: [Also daker, dakir; akin to Icel. dekr, Dan. deger, G. decher; all prob. from LL. dacra, dacrum, the number ten, akin to L. decuria a division consisting of ten, fr. decem ten. See Ten.]

1. The number or quantity of ten, particularly ten hides or skins; a dakir; as, a dicker of gloves. [Obs.] A dicker of cowhides. Heywood.

2. A chaffering, barter, or exchange, of small wares; as, to make a dicker. [U.S.] For peddling dicker, not for honest sales. Whittier.

DICKER Dick"er, v. i. & t.

Defn: To negotiate a dicker; to barter. [U.S.] "Ready to dicker. and to swap." Cooper.

DICKEY; DICKY Dick"ey, Dick"y, n.

1. A seat behind a carriage, for a servant.

2. A false shirt front or bosom.

3. A gentleman's shirt collar. [Local, U. S.]

DICLINIC Di*clin"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Having two of the intersections between the three axes oblique. See Crystallization.

DICLINOUS Dic"li*nous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Having the stamens and pistils in separate flowers. Gray.

DICOCCOUS Di*coc"cous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Composed pf two coherent, one-seeded carpels; as, a dicoccous capsule.

DICOTYLEDON Di*cot`y*le"don, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + cotyledon.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant whose seeds divide into two seed lobes, or cotyledons, in germinating.

DICOTYLEDONOUS Di*cot`y*le"don*ous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having two cotyledons or seed lobes; as, a dicotyledonous plant.

DICROTAL; DICROTOUS Di"cro*tal, Di"cro*tous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Dicrotic.

DICROTIC Di*crot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.) (a) Of or pertaining to dicrotism; as, a dicrotic pulse. (b) Of or pertaining to the second expansion of the artery in the dicrotic pulse; as, the dicrotic wave.

DICROTISM Di"cro*tism, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: A condition in which there are two beats or waves of the arterial pulse to each beat of the heart.

DICTA Dic"ta, n. pl. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Dictum.

DICTAGRAPH Dic"ta*graph.

Defn: Var. of Dictograph.

DICTAMEN Dic*ta"men, n. Etym: [LL., fr. dictare to dictate.]

Defn: A dictation or dictate. [R.] Falkland.

DICTAMNUS Dic*tam"nus, n. Etym: [L. See Dittany.] (Bot.)

Defn: A suffrutescent, D. Fraxinella (the only species), with strong perfume and showy flowers. The volatile oil of the leaves is highly inflammable.

DICTAPHONE Dic"ta*phone, n. [Dictate + -phone, as in telephone.]

Defn: A form of phonographic recorder and reproducer adapted for use in dictation, as in business.

DICTATE Dic"tate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dictated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dictating.] Etym: [L. dictatus, p. p. of dictare, freq. of dicere to say. See Diction, and cf. Dight.]

1. To tell or utter so that another may write down; to inspire; to compose; as, to dictate a letter to an amanuensis. The mind which dictated the Iliad. Wayland. Pages dictated by the Holy Spirit. Macaulay.

2. To say; to utter; to communicate authoritatively; to deliver (a command) to a subordinate; to declare with authority; to impose; as, to dictate the terms of a treaty; a general dictates orders to his troops. Whatsoever is dictated to us by God must be believed. Watts.

Syn. -- To suggest; prescribe; enjoin; command; point out; urge; admonish.

DICTATE Dic"tate, v. i.

1. To speak as a superior; to command; to impose conditions (on). Who presumed to dictate to the sovereign. Macaulay.

2. To compose literary works; to tell what shall be written or said by another. Sylla could not skill of letters, and therefore knew not how to dictate. Bacon.

DICTATE Dic"tate, n. Etym: [L. dictatum. See Dictate, v. t.]

Defn: A statement delivered with authority; an order; a command; an authoritative rule, principle, or maxim; a prescription; as, listen to the dictates of your conscience; the dictates of the gospel. I credit what the Grecian dictates say. Prior.

Syn. -- Command; injunction; direction suggestion; impulse; admonition.

DICTATION Dic*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. dictatio.]

1. The act of dictating; the act or practice of prescribing; also that which is dictated. It affords security against the dictation of laws. Paley.

2. The speaking to, or the giving orders to, in an overbearing manner; authoritative utterance; as, his habit, even with friends, was that of dictatio.

DICTATOR Dic*ta"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

1. One who dictates; one who prescribes rules and maxims authoritatively for the direction of others. Locke.

2. One invested with absolute authority; especially, a magistrate created in times of exigence and distress, and invested with unlimited power. Invested with the authority of a dictator, nay, of a pope, over our language. Macaulay.

DICTATORIAL Dic`ta*to"ri*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dictatorial.]

1. Pertaining or suited to a dictator; absolute. Military powers quite dictatorial. W. Irving.

2. Characteristic of a dictator; imperious; dogmatical; overbearing; as, a dictatorial tone or manner. -- Dic`ta*to"ri*al*ly, adv. -- Dic`ta*to"ri*al*ness, n.

DICTATORIAN Dic`ta*to"ri*an, a.

Defn: Dictatorial. [Obs.]

DICTATORSHIP Dic*ta"tor*ship, n.

Defn: The office, or the term of office, of a dictator; hence, absolute power.

DICTATORY Dic"ta*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. dictatorius.]

Defn: Dogmatical; overbearing; dictatorial. Milton.

DICTATRESS Dic*ta"tress, n.

Defn: A woman who dictates or commands. Earth's chief dictatress, ocean's mighty queen. Byron.

DICTATRIX Dic*ta"trix, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A dictatress.

DICTATURE Dic*ta"ture, n. Etym: [L. dictatura: cf. F. dictature.]

Defn: Office of a dictator; dictatorship. [R.] Bacon.

DICTION Dic"tion, n. Etym: [L. dicto a saying, a word, fr. dicere, dictum, to say; akin to dicare to proclaim, and to E. teach, token: cf. F. diction. See Teach, and cf. Benison, Dedicate, Index, Judge, Preach, Vengeance.]

Defn: Choice of words for the expression of ideas; the construction, disposition, and application of words in discourse, with regard to clearness, accuracy, variety, etc.; mode of expression; language; as, the diction of Chaucer's poems. His diction blazes up into a sudden explosion of prophetic grandeur. De Quincey.

Syn. -- Diction, Style, Phraseology. Style relates both to language and thought; diction, to language only; phraseology, to the mechanical structure of sentences, or the mode in which they are phrased. The style of Burke was enriched with all the higher graces of composition; his diction was varied and copious; his phraseology, at times, was careless and cumbersome. "Diction is a general term applicable alike to a single sentence or a connected composition. Errors in grammar, false construction, a confused disposition of words, or an improper application of them, constitute bad diction; but the niceties, the elegancies, the peculiarities, and the beauties of composition, which mark the genius and talent of the writer, are what is comprehended under the name of style." Crabb.

DICTIONALRIAN Dic`tion*al"ri*an, n.

Defn: A lexicographer. [R.]

DICTIONARY Dic"tion*a*ry, n.; pl. Dictionaries. Etym: [Cf. F. dictionnaire. See Diction.]

1. A book containing the words of a language, arranged alphabetically, with explanations of their meanings; a lexicon; a vocabulary; a wordbook. I applied myself to the perusal of our writers; and noting whatever might be of use to ascertain or illustrate any word or phrase, accumulated in time the materials of a dictionary. Johnson.

2. Hence, a book containing the words belonging to any system or province of knowledge, arranged alphabetically; as, a dictionary of medicine or of botany; a biographical dictionary.

DICTOGRAPH Dic"to*graph, n. [L. dictum a thing said + E. -graph.]

Defn: A telephonic instrument for office or other similar use, having a sound-magnifying device enabling the ordinary mouthpiece to be dispensed with. Much use has been made of it for overhearing, or for recording, conversations for the purpose of obtaining evidence for use in litigation.

The makers of this instrument spell it dictograph.

DICTUM Dic"tum, n.; pl. L. Dicta, E. Dictums. Etym: [L., neuter of dictus, p. p. of dicere to say. See Diction, and cf. Ditto.]

1. An authoritative statement; a dogmatic saying; an apothegm. A class of critical dicta everywhere current. M. Arnold.

2. (Law) (a) A judicial opinion expressed by judges on points that do not necessarily arise in the case, and are not involved in it. (b) (French Law) The report of a judgment made by one of the judges who has given it. Bouvier. (c) An arbitrament or award.

DICTYOGEN Dic*ty"o*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant with netveined leaves, and monocotyledonous embryos, belonging to the class Dictyogenæ, proposed by Lindley for the orders Dioscoreaceæ, Smilaceæ, Trilliaceæ, etc.

DICYANIDE Di*cy"a*nide, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + cyanogen.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of a binary type containing two cyanogen groups or radicals; -- called also bicyanide.

DICYEMATA Di`cy*e"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of worms parasitic in cephalopods. They are remarkable for the extreme simplicity of their structure. The embryo exists in two forms.

DICYEMID Di`cy*e"mid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or belonging to the Dicyemata. -- n.

Defn: One of the Dicyemata.

DICYNODONT Di*cyn"o*dont, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: One of a group of extinct reptiles having the jaws armed with a horny beak, as in turtles, and in the genus Dicynodon, supporting also a pair of powerful tusks. Their remains are found in triassic strata of South Africa and India.

DID Did, imp.

Defn: of Do.

DIDACTIC; DIDACTICAL Di*dac"tic, Di*dac"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. docere to teach: cf. F. didactique. See Docile.]

Defn: Fitted or intended to teach; conveying instruction; preceptive; instructive; teaching some moral lesson; as, didactic essays. "Didactical writings." Jer. Taylor. The finest didactic poem in any language. Macaulay.

DIDACTIC Di*dac"tic, n.

Defn: A treatise on teaching or education. [Obs.] Milton.

DIDACTICALLY Di*dac"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a didactic manner.

DIDACTICISM Di*dac"ti*cism, n.

Defn: The didactic method or system.

DIDACTICITY Di`dac*tic"i*ty, n.

Defn: Aptitude for teaching. Hare.

DIDACTICS Di*dac"tics, n.

Defn: The art or science of teaching.

DIDACTYL Di*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [Gr. didactyle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An animal having only two digits.

DIDACTYLOUS Di*dac"tyl*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having only two digits; two-toed.

DIDAL Di"dal, n.

Defn: A kind of triangular spade. [Obs.]

DIDAPPER Di"dap`per, n. Etym: [For divedapper. See Dive, Dap, Dip, and cf. Dabchick.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dabchick.

DIDASCALAR Di*das"ca*lar, a.

Defn: Didascalic. [R.]

DIDASCALIC Di`das*cal"ic, a. Etym: [L. didascalius, Gr. didascalique.]

Defn: Didactic; preceptive. [R.] Prior.

DIDDLE Did"dle, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Daddle.]

Defn: To totter, as a child in walking. [Obs.] Quarles.

DIDDLE Did"dle, v. t. Etym: [Perh. from AS. dyderian to deceive, the letter r being changed to l.]

Defn: To cheat or overreach. [Colloq.] Beaconsfield.

DIDDLER Did"dler, n.

Defn: A cheat. [Colloq.] Jeremy Diddler, a character in a play by James Kenney, entitled "Raising the wind." The name is applied to any needy, tricky, constant borrower; a confidence man.

DIDELPHIA Di*del"phi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The subclass of Mammalia which includes the marsupials. See Marsupialia.

DIDELPHIAN Di*del"phi*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or relating to the Didelphia. -- n.

Defn: One of the Didelphia.

DIDELPHIC Di*del"phic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the uterus double; of or pertaining to the Didelphia.

DIDELPHID Di*del"phid, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Didelphic.

DIDELPHID Di*del"phid, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A marsupial animal.

DIDELPHOUS Di*del"phous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Didelphic.

DIDELPHOUS Di*del"phous, n. Etym: [NL. See Didelphia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Formerly, any marsupial; but the term is now restricted to an American genus which includes the opossums, of which there are many species. See Opossum. [Written also Didelphis.] See Illustration in Appendix. Cuvier.

DIDELPHYC Di*del"phyc, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Didelphic.

DIDELPHYS Di*del"phys, n. [NL. See Didelphia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Formerly, any marsupial; but the term is now restricted to an American genus which includes the opossums, of which there are many species. See Opossum. [Written also Didelphis.] See Illustration in Appendix. Cuvier.

DIDINE Di"dine, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the genus Didus, or the dodo.

DIDO Di"do, n.; pl. Didos (.

Defn: A shrewd trick; an antic; a caper. To cut a dido, to play a trick; to cut a caper; -- perhaps so called from the trick of Dido, who having bought so much land as a hide would cover, is said to have cut it into thin strips long enough to inclose a spot for a citadel.

DIDONIA Di*do"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL. So called in allusion to the classical story of Dido and the bull's hide.] (Geom.)

Defn: The curve which on a given surface and with a given perimeter contains the greatest area. Tait.

DIDRACHM; DIDRACHMA Di"drachm, Di*drach"ma, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A two-drachma piece; an ancient Greek silver coin, worth nearly forty cents.

DIDST Didst

Defn: , the 2d pers. sing. imp. of Do.

DIDUCEMENT Di*duce"ment, n.

Defn: Diduction; separation into distinct parts. Bacon.

DIDUCTION Di*duc"tion, n. Etym: [L. diductio, fr. diducere, diductum, to draw apart; di- = dis- + ducere to lead, draw.]

Defn: The act of drawing apart; separation.

DIDYM Di"dym, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Didymium.

DIDYMIUM Di*dym"i*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A rare metallic substance usually associated with the metal cerium; -- hence its name. It was formerly supposed to be an element, but has since been found to consist of two simpler elementary substances, neodymium and praseodymium. See Neodymium, and Praseodymium.

DIDYMOUS Did"y*mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Growing in pairs or twins.

DIDYNAMIA Did`y*na"mi*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.

DIDYNAMIAN Did`y*na"mi*an, a.

Defn: Didynamous.

DIDYNAMOUS Di*dyn"a*mous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Didynamia; containing four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.

DIE Die, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Died; p. pr. & vb. n. Dying.] Etym: [OE. deyen, dien, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. deyja; akin to Dan. döe, Sw. dö, Goth. diwan (cf. Goth. afd to harass), OFries. d to kill, OS. doian to die, OHG. touwen, OSlav. daviti to choke, Lith. dovyti to torment. Cf. Dead, Death.]

1. To pass from an animate to a lifeless state; to cease to live; to suffer a total and irreparable loss of action of the vital functions; to become dead; to expire; to perish; -- said of animals and vegetables; often with of, by, with, from, and rarely for, before the cause or occasion of death; as, to die of disease or hardships; to die by fire or the sword; to die with horror at the thought. To die by the roadside of grief and hunger. Macaulay. She will die from want of care. Tennyson.

2. To suffer death; to lose life. In due time Christ died for the ungodly. Rom. v. 6.

3. To perish in any manner; to cease; to become lost or extinct; to be extinguished. Letting the secret die within his own breast. Spectator. Great deeds can not die. Tennyson.

4. To sink; to faint; to pine; to languish, with weakness, discouragement, love, etc. His heart died within, and he became as a stone. 1 Sam. xxv. 37. The young men acknowledged, in love letters, that they died for Rebecca. Tatler.

5. To become indifferent; to cease to be subject; as, to die to pleasure or to sin.

6. To recede and grow fainter; to become imperceptible; to vanish; -- often with out or away. Blemishes may die away and disappear amidst the brightness. Spectator.

7. (Arch.)

Defn: To disappear gradually in another surface, as where moldings are lost in a sloped or curved face.

8. To become vapid, flat, or spiritless, as liquor. To die in the last ditch, to fight till death; to die rather than surrender. "There is one certain way," replied the Prince [William of Orange] " by which I can be sure never to see my country's ruin, -- I will die in the last ditch." Hume (Hist. of Eng. ). -- To die out, to cease gradually; as, the prejudice has died out.

Syn. -- To expire; decease; perish; depart; vanish.

DIE Die, n.; pl. in 1 and (usually) in 2, Dice (dis); in 4 & 5, Dies (diz). Etym: [OE. dee, die, F. dé, fr. L. datus given, thrown, p. p. of dare to give, throw. See Date a point of time.]

1. A small cube, marked on its faces with spots from one to six, and used in playing games by being shaken in a box and thrown from it. See Dice.

2. Any small cubical or square body. Words . . . pasted upon little flat tablets or dies. Watts.

3. That which is, or might be, determined, by a throw of the die; hazard; chance. Such is the die of war. Spenser.

4. (Arch.)

Defn: That part of a pedestal included between base and cornice; the dado.

5. (Mach.) (a) A metal or plate (often one of a pair) so cut or shaped as to give a certain desired form to, or impress any desired device on, an object or surface, by pressure or by a blow; used in forging metals, coining, striking up sheet metal, etc. (b) A perforated block, commonly of hardened steel used in connection with a punch, for punching holes, as through plates, or blanks from plates, or for forming cups or capsules, as from sheet metal, by drawing. (c) A hollow internally threaded screw-cutting tool, made in one piece or composed of several parts, for forming screw threads on bolts, etc.; one of the separate parts which make up such a tool. Cutting die (Mech.), a thin, deep steel frame, sharpened to a cutting edge, for cutting out articles from leather, cloth, paper, etc. -- The die is cast, the hazard must be run; the step is taken, and it is too late to draw back; the last chance is taken.

DIECIAN; DIECIOUS Di*e"cian, a., Di*e"cious, a. (Bot.)

Defn: See Dioecian, and Dioecious.

DIEDRAL Di*e"dral, a.

Defn: The same as Dihedral.

DIEGESIS Di`e*ge"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A narrative or history; a recital or relation.

DIELECTRIC Di`e*lec"tric, n. Etym: [Pref. dia- + electric.] (Elec.)

Defn: Any substance or medium that transmits the electric force by a process different from conduction, as in the phenomena of induction; a nonconductor. separating a body electrified by induction, from the electrifying body.

DIELYTRA Di*el"y*tra, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Dicentra.

DIENCEPHALON Di`en*ceph"a*lon, n. Etym: [NL. See Dia-, and Encephalon.] (Anat.)

Defn: The interbrain or thalamencephalon; -- sometimes abbreviated to dien. See Thalamencephalon.

DIERESIS Di*er"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Same as Diæresis.

DIESEL ENGINE; DIESEL MOTOR Die"sel en`gine or mo`tor. [After Dr. Rudolf Diesel, of Munich, the inventor.]

Defn: A type of internal-combustion engine in which the air drawn in by the suction stroke is so highly compressed that the heat generated ignites the fuel (usually crude oil), the fuel being automatically sprayed into the cylinder under pressure. The Diesel engine has a very high thermal efficiency.

DIESINKER Die"sink`er, n.

Defn: An engraver of dies for stamping coins, medals, etc.

DIESINKING Die"sink`ing, n.

Defn: The process of engraving dies.

DIES IRAE Di"es I"ræ.

Defn: Day of wrath; -- the name and beginning of a famous mediæval Latin hymn on the Last Judgment.

DIESIS Di"e*sis, n.; pl. Dieses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Mus.)

Defn: A small interval, less than any in actual practice, but used in the mathematical calculation of intervals.

2. (Print.)

Defn: The mark ||; -- called also double dagger.

DIES JURIDICUS Di"es ju*rid"i*cus; pl. Dies juridici. Etym: [L.] (Law)

Defn: A court day.

DIES NON Di"es non". Etym: [L. dies non juridicus.] (Law)

Defn: A day on which courts are not held, as Sunday or any legal holiday.

DIESTOCK Die"stock`, n.

Defn: A stock to hold the dies used for cutting screws.

DIET Di"et, n. Etym: [F. diète, L. diaeta, fr. Gr.

1. Course of living or nourishment; what is eaten and drunk habitually; food; victuals; fare. "No inconvenient diet." Milton.

2. A course of food selected with reference to a particular state of health; prescribed allowance of food; regimen prescribed. To fast like one that takes diet. Shak. Diet kitchen, a kitchen in which diet is prepared for invalids; a charitable establishment that provides proper food for the sick poor.

DIET Di"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dieted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dieting.]

1. To cause to take food; to feed. [R.] Shak.

2. To cause to eat and drink sparingly, or by prescribed rules; to regulate medicinally the food of. She diets him with fasting every day. Spenser.

DIET Di"et, v. i.

1. To eat; to take one's meals. [Obs.] Let him . . . diet in such places, where there is good company of the nation, where he traveleth. Bacon.

2. To eat according to prescribed rules; to ear sparingly; as, the doctor says he must diet.

DIET Di"et, n. Etym: [F. diète, LL. dieta, diaeta, an assembly, a day's journey; the same word as diet course of living, but with the sense changed by L. dies day: cf. G. tag dayReichstag.]

Defn: A legislative or administrative assembly in Germany, Poland, and some other countries of Europe; a deliberative convention; a council; as, the Diet of Worms, held in 1521.

DIETARIAN Di`e*ta"ri*an, n.

Defn: One who lives in accordance with prescribed rules for diet; a dieter.

DIETARY Di"et*a*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to diet, or to the rules of diet.

DIETARY Di"et*a*ry, n.; pl. Dietaries (.

Defn: A rule of diet; a fixed allowance of food, as in workhouse, prison, etc.

DIETER Di"et*er, n.

Defn: One who diets; one who prescribes, or who partakes of, food, according to hygienic rules.

DIETETIC; DIETETICAL Di`e*tet"ic, Di`e*tet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. diététique. See Diet.]

Defn: Of or performance to diet, or to the rules for regulating the kind and quantity of food to be eaten.

DIETETICALLY Di`e*tet"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dietetical manner.

DIETETICS Di`e*tet"ics, n.

Defn: That part of the medical or hygienic art which relates to diet or food; rules for diet. To suppose that the whole of dietetics lies in determining whether or not bread is more nutritive than potatoes. H. Spencer.

DIETETIST Di`e*tet"ist, n.

Defn: A physician who applies the rules of dietetics to the cure of diseases. Dunglison.

DIETHYLAMINE Di*eth`yl*am"ine, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + ethylamine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, volatile, alkaline liquid, NH(C2H5)2, having a strong fishy odor resembling that of herring or sardines. Cf. Methylamine.

DIETIC Di*et"ic, a.

Defn: Dietetic.

DIETICAL Di*et"ic*al, a.

Defn: Dietetic. [R.] Ferrand.

DIETINE Di"et*ine, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diétine.]

Defn: A subordinate or local assembly; a diet of inferior rank.

DIETIST; DIETITIAN Di"et*ist, Di`e*ti"tian, n.

Defn: One skilled in dietetics. [R.]

DIFFAME Dif*fame`, n. Etym: [See Defame.]

Defn: Evil name; bad reputation; defamation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DIFFARREATION Dif*far`re*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. diffarreatio; dif- = farreum a spelt cake. See Confarreation.]

Defn: A form of divorce, among the ancient Romans, in which a cake was used. See Confarreation.

DIFFER Dif"fer, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Differed; p. pr. & vb. n. Differing.] Etym: [L. differre; dif- = dis- + ferre to bear, carry: cf. F. différer. See 1st Bear, and cf. Defer, Delay.]

1. To be or stand apart; to disagree; to be unlike; to be distinguished; -- with from. One star differeth from another star in glory. 1 Cor. xv. 41. Minds differ, as rivers differ. Macaulay.

2. To be of unlike or opposite opinion; to disagree in sentiment; -- often with from or with.

3. To have a difference, cause of variance, or quarrel; to dispute; to contend. We 'll never differ with a crowded pit. Rowe.

Syn. -- To vary; disagree; dissent; dispute; contend; oppose; wrangle. -- To Differ with, Differ from. Both differ from and aiffer with are used in reference to opinions; as, "I differ from you or with you in that opinion."" In all other cases, expressing simple unlikeness, differ from is used; as, these two persons or things differ entirely from each other. Severely punished, not for differing from us in opinion, but for committing a nuisance. Macaulay. Davidson, whom on a former occasion we quoted, to differ from him. M. Arnold. Much as I differ from him concerning an essential part of the historic basis of religion. Gladstone. I differ with the honorable gentleman on that point. Brougham. If the honorable gentleman differs with me on that subject, I differ as heartily with him, and shall always rejoice to differ. Canning.

DIFFER Dif"fer, v. t.

Defn: To cause to be different or unlike; to set at variance. [R.] But something 'ts that differs thee and me. Cowley.

DIFFERENCE Dif"fer*ence, n. Etym: [F. différence, L. differentia.]

1. The act of differing; the state or measure of being different or unlike; distinction; dissimilarity; unlikeness; variation; as, a difference of quality in paper; a difference in degrees of heat, or of light; what is the difference between the innocent and the guilty Differencies of administration, but the same Lord. 1 Cor. xii. 5.

2. Disagreement in opinion; dissension; controversy; quarrel; hence, cause of dissension; matter in controversy. What was the difference It was a contention in public. Shak. Away therefore went I with the constable, leaving the old warden and the young constable to compose their difference as they could. T. Ellwood.

3. That by which one thing differs from another; that which distinguishes or causes to differ;; mark of distinction; characteristic quality; specific attribute. The marks and differences of sovereignty. Davies.

4. Choice; preference. [Obs.] That now be chooseth with vile difference To be a beast, and lack intelligence. Spenser.

5. (Her.)

Defn: An addition to a coat of arms to distinguish the bearings of two persons, which would otherwise be the same. See Augmentation, and Marks of cadency, under Cadency.

6. (Logic)

Defn: The quality or attribute which is added to those of the genus to constitute a species; a differentia.

7. (Math.)

Defn: The quantity by which one quantity differs from another, or the remainder left after subtracting the one from the other. Ascensional difference. See under Ascensional.

Syn. -- Distinction; dissimilarity; dissimilitude; variation; diversity; variety; contrariety; disagreement; variance; contest; contention; dispute; controversy; debate; quarrel; wrangle; strife.

DIFFERENCE Dif"fer*ence, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Differenced; p. pr. & vb. n. Differencing.]

Defn: To cause to differ; to make different; to mark as different; to distinguish. Thou mayest difference gods from men. Chapman. Kings, in receiving justice and undergoing trial, are not differenced from the meanest subject. Milton. So completely differenced by their separate and individual characters that we at once acknowledge them as distinct persons. Sir W. Scott.

DIFFERENT Dif"fer*ent, a. Etym: [L. differens, -entis, p. pr. of differre: cf. F. différent.]

1. Distinct; separate; not the same; other. "Five different churches." Addison.

2. Of various or contrary nature, form, or quality; partially or totally unlike; dissimilar; as, different kinds of food or drink; different states of health; different shapes; different degrees of excellence. Men are as different from each other, as the regions in which they are born are different. Dryden.

Note: Different is properly followed by from. Different to, for different from, is a common English colloquialism. Different than is quite inadmissible.

DIFFERENTIA Dif`fer*en"ti*a, n.; pl. Differentiæ. Etym: [L. See Difference.] (Logic)

Defn: The formal or distinguishing part of the essence of a species; the characteristic attribute of a species; specific difference.

DIFFERENTIAL Dif`fer*en"tial, a. Etym: [Cf. F. différentiel.]

1. Relating to or indicating a difference; creating a difference; discriminating; special; as, differential characteristics; differential duties; a differential rate. For whom he produced differential favors. Motley.

2. (Math.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to a differential, or to differentials.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: Relating to differences of motion or leverage; producing effects by such differences; said of mechanism. Differential calculus. (Math.) See under Calculus. -- Differential coefficient, the limit of the ratio of the increment of a function of a variable to the increment of the variable itself, when these increments are made indefinitely small. -- Differential coupling, a form of slip coupling used in light machinery to regulate at pleasure the velocity of the connected shaft. -- Differential duties (Polit. Econ.), duties which are not imposed equally upon the same products imported from different countries. -- Differential galvanometer (Elec.), a galvanometer having two coils or circuits, usually equal, through which currents passing in opposite directions are measured by the difference of their effect upon the needle. -- Differential gearing, a train of toothed wheels, usually an epicyclic train, so arranged as to constitute a differential motion. -- Differential motion, a mechanism in which a simple differential combination produces such a change of motion or force as would, with ordinary compound arrangements, require a considerable train of parts. It is used for overcoming great resistance or producing very slow or very rapid motion. -- Differential pulley. (Mach.) (a) A portable hoisting apparatus, the same in principle as the differential windlass. (b) A hoisting pulley to which power is applied through a differential gearing. -- Differential screw, a compound screw by which a motion is produced equal to the difference of the motions of the component screws. -- Differential thermometer, a thermometer usually with a U-shaped tube terminating in two air bulbs, and containing a colored liquid, used for indicating the difference between the temperatures to which the two bulbs are exposed, by the change of position of the colored fluid, in consequence of the different expansions of the air in the bulbs. A graduated scale is attached to one leg of the tube. -- Differential windlass, or Chinese windlass, a windlass whose barrel has two parts of different diameters. The hoisting rope winds upon one part as it unwinds from the other, and a pulley sustaining the weight to be lifted hangs in the bight of the rope. It is an ancient example of a differential motion.

DIFFERENTIAL Dif`fer*en"tial, n.

1. (Math.)

Defn: An increment, usually an indefinitely small one, which is given to a variable quantity.

Note: According to the more modern writers upon the differential and integral calculus, if two or more quantities are dependent on each other, and subject to increments of value, their differentials need not be small, but are any quantities whose ratios to each other are the limits to which the ratios of the increments approximate, as these increments are reduced nearer and nearer to zero.

2. A small difference in rates which competing railroad lines, in establishing a common tariff, allow one of their number to make, in order to get a fair share of the business. The lower rate is called a differential rate. Differentials are also sometimes granted to cities.

3. (Elec.) (a) One of two coils of conducting wire so related to one another or to a magnet or armature common to both, that one coil produces polar

## action contrary to that of the other.

(b) A form of conductor used for dividing and distributing the current to a series of electric lamps so as to maintain equal action in all. Knight. Partial differential (Math.), the differential of a function of two or more variables, when only one of the variables receives an increment. -- Total differential (Math.), the differential of a function of two or more variables, when each of the variables receives an increment. The total differential of the function is the sum of all the partial differentials.

DIFFERENTIALLY Dif`fer*en"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: In the way of differentiation.

DIFFERENTIATE Dif`fer*en"ti*ate, v. t.

1. To distinguish or mark by a specific difference; to effect a difference in, as regards classification; to develop differential characteristics in; to specialize; to desynonymize. The word then was differentiated into the two forms then and than. Earle. Two or more of the forms assumed by the same original word become differentiated in signification. Dr. Murray.

2. To express the specific difference of; to describe the properties of (a thing) whereby it is differenced from another of the same class; to discriminate. Earle.

3. (Math.)

Defn: To obtain the differential, or differential coefficient, of; as, to differentiate an algebraic expression, or an equation.

DIFFERENTIATE Dif`fer*en"ti*ate, v. i. (Biol.)

Defn: To acquire a distinct and separate character. Huxley.

DIFFERENTIATION Dif`fer*en`ti*a"tion, n.

1. The act of differentiating. Further investigation of the Sanskrit may lead to differentiation of the meaning of such of these roots as are real roots. J. Peile.

2. (Logic)

Defn: The act of distinguishing or describing a thing, by giving its different, or specific difference; exact definition or determination.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: The gradual formation or production of organs or parts by a process of evolution or development, as when the seed develops the root and the stem, the initial stem develops the leaf, branches, and flower buds; or in animal life, when the germ evolves the digestive and other organs and members, or when the animals as they advance in organization acquire special organs for specific purposes.

4. (Metaph.)

Defn: The supposed act or tendency in being of every kind, whether organic or inorganic, to assume or produce a more complex structure or functions.

DIFFERENTIATOR Dif`fer*en"ti*a`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, differentiates.

DIFFERENTLY Dif"fer*ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a different manner; variously.

DIFFERINGLY Dif"fer*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a differing or different manner. Boyle.

DIFFICILE Dif"fi*cile, a. Etym: [L. difficilis: cf. F. difficile. See Difficult.]

Defn: Difficult; hard to manage; stubborn. [Obs.] -- Dif"fi*cile*ness, n. [Obs.] Bacon.

DIFFICILITATE Dif`fi*cil"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To make difficult. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

DIFFICULT Dif"fi*cult, a. Etym: [From Difficulty.]

1. Hard to do or to make; beset with difficulty; attended with labor, trouble, or pains; not easy; arduous.

Note: Difficult implies the notion that considerable mental effort or skill is required, or that obstacles are to be overcome which call for sagacity and skill in the agent; as, a difficult task; hard work is not always difficult work; a difficult operation in surgery; a difficult passage in an author. There is not the strength or courage left me to venture into the wide, strange, and difficult world, alone. Hawthorne.

2. Hard to manage or to please; not easily wrought upon; austere; stubborn; as, a difficult person.

Syn. -- Arduous; painful; crabbed; perplexed; laborious; unaccommodating; troublesome. See Arduous.

DIFFICULT Dif"fi*cult, v. t.

Defn: To render difficult; to impede; to perplex. [R.] Sir W. Temple.

DIFFICULTATE Dif"fi*cult*ate, v. t.

Defn: To render difficult; to difficilitate. [Obs.] Cotgrave.

DIFFICULTLY Dif"fi*cult*ly, adv.

Defn: With difficulty. Cowper.

DIFFICULTNESS Dif"fi*cult*ness, n.

Defn: Difficulty. [R.] Golding.

DIFFICULTY Dif"fi*cul*ty, n.; pl. Difficulties. Etym: [L. difficultas, fr. difficilis difficult; dif- = dis- + facilis easy: cf. F. difficulté. See Facile.]

1. The state of being difficult, or hard to do; hardness; arduousness; -- opposed to easiness or facility; as, the difficulty of a task or enterprise; a work of difficulty. Not being able to promote them [the interests of life] on account of the difficulty of the region. James Byrne.

2. Something difficult; a thing hard to do or to understand; that which occasions labor or perplexity, and requires skill perseverance to overcome, solve, or achieve; a hard enterprise; an obstacle; an impediment; as, the difficulties of a science; difficulties in theology. They lie under some difficulties by reason of the emperor's displeasure. Addison.

3. A controversy; a falling out; a disagreement; an objection; a cavil. Measures for terminating all local difficulties. Bancroft.

4. Embarrassment of affairs, especially financial affairs; -- usually in the plural; as, to be in difficulties. In days of difficulty and pressure. Tennyson.

Syn. -- Impediment; obstacle; obstruction; embarrassment; perplexity; exigency; distress; trouble; trial; objection; cavil. See Impediment.

DIFFIDE Dif*fide", v. i. Etym: [L. diffidere. See Diffident.]

Defn: To be distrustful. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DIFFIDENCE Dif"fi*dence, n. Etym: [L. diffidentia.]

1. The state of being diffident; distrust; want of confidence; doubt of the power, ability, or disposition of others. [Archaic] That affliction grew heavy upon me, and weighed me down even to a diffidence of God's mercy. Donne.

2. Distrust of one's self or one's own powers; lack of self-reliance; modesty; modest reserve; bashfulness. It is good to speak on such questions with diffidence. Macaulay. An Englishman's habitual diffidence and awkwardness of adress. W. Irving.

Syn. -- Humility; bashfulness; distrust; suspicion; doubt; fear; timidity; apprehension; hesitation. See Humility, and Bashfulness.

DIFFIDENCY Dif"fi*den*cy, n.

Defn: See Diffidence. [Obs.]

DIFFIDENT Dif"fi*dent, a. Etym: [L. diffidens, -entis, p. pr. of diffidere; dif- = dis + fidere to trust; akin to fides faith. See Faith, and cf. Defy.]

1. Wanting confidence in others; distrustful. [Archaic] You were always extremely diffident of their success. Melmoth.

2. Wanting confidence in one's self; distrustful of one's own powers; not self-reliant; timid; modest; bashful; characterized by modest reserve. The diffident maidens, Folding their hands in prayer. Longfellow.

Syn. -- Distrustful; suspicious; hesitating; doubtful; modest; bashful; lowly; reserved.

DIFFIDENTLY Dif"fi*dent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diffident manner. To stand diffidently against each other with their thoughts in battle array. Hobbes.

DIFFIND Dif*find, v. t. Etym: [L. diffindere, diffissum; dif- = findere to split.]

Defn: To split. [Obs.] Bailey.

DIFFINE Dif*fine", v. t.

Defn: To define. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DIFFINITIVE Dif*fin"i*tive, a. Etym: [For definitive.]

Defn: Definitive; determinate; final. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

DIFFISSION Dif*fis"sion, n. Etym: [See Diffind.]

Defn: Act of cleaving or splitting. [R.] Bailey.

DIFFLATION Dif*fla"tion, n. Etym: [LL. difflatio, fr. L. difflare, difflatum, to disperse by blowing.]

Defn: A blowing apart or away. [Obs.] Bailey.

DIFFLUENCE; DIFFLUENCY Dif"flu*ence, Dif"flu*en*cy, n.

Defn: A flowing off on all sides; fluidity. [R.]

DIFFLUENT Dif"flu*ent, a. Etym: [L. diffluens, p. pr. of diffluere to flow off; dif- = dis- + fluere to flow.]

Defn: Flowing apart or off; dissolving; not fixed. [R.] Bailey.

DIFFORM Dif"form`, a. Etym: [Cf. F. difforme, fr. L. dif- = dis- + forma form. Cf. Deform.]

Defn: Irregular in form; -- opposed to uniform; anomalous; hence, unlike; dissimilar; as, to difform corolla, the parts of which do not correspond in size or proportion; difform leaves. The unequal refractions of difform rays. Sir I. Newton.

DIFFORMITY Dif*form"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. difformité. See Difform, Deformity.]

Defn: Irregularity of form; diversity of form; want of uniformity. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DIFFRACT Dif*fract", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diffracted; p. pr. & vb. n. Diffracting.] Etym: [L. diffractus, p. p. of diffringere to break in pieces; dif- = dis- + frangere to break. See Fracture.]

Defn: To break or separate into parts; to deflect, or decompose by deflection, a

DIFFRACTION Dif*frac"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diffraction.] (Opt.)

Defn: The deflection and decomposition of light in passing by the edges of opaque bodies or through narrow slits, causing the appearance of parallel bands or fringes of prismatic colors, as by the action of a grating of fine lines or bars. Remarked by Grimaldi (1665), and referred by him to a property of light which he called diffraction. Whewell. Diffraction grating. (Optics) See under Grating. -- Diffraction spectrum. (Optics) See under Spectrum.

DIFFRACTIVE Dif*frac"tive, a.

Defn: That produces diffraction.

DIFFRANCHISE; DIFFRANCHISEMENT Dif*fran"chise, Dif*fran"chise*ment.

Defn: See Disfranchise, Disfranchisement.

DIFFUSATE Dif*fus"ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Material which, in the process of catalysis, has diffused or passed through the separating membrane.

DIFFUSE Dif*fuse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diffused; p. pr. & vb. n. Diffusing.] Etym: [L. diffusus, p. p. of diffundere to pour out, to diffuse; dif- = dis- + fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.]

Defn: To pour out and cause to spread, as a fluid; to cause to flow on all sides; to send out, or extend, in all directions; to spread; to circulate; to disseminate; to scatter; as to diffuse information. Thence diffuse His good to worlds and ages infinite. Milton. We find this knowledge diffused among all civilized nations. Whewell.

Syn. -- To expand; spread; circulate; extend; scatter; disperse; publish; proclaim.

DIFFUSE Dif*fuse", v. i.

Defn: To pass by spreading every way, to diffuse itself.

DIFFUSE Dif*fuse", a. Etym: [L. diffusus, p. p.]

Defn: Poured out; widely spread; not restrained; copious; full; esp., of style, opposed to concise or terse; verbose; prolix; as, a diffuse style; a diffuse writer. A diffuse and various knowledge of divine and human things. Milton.

Syn. -- Prolix; verbose; wide; copious; full. See Prolix.

DIFFUSED Dif*fused", a.

Defn: Spread abroad; dispersed; loose; flowing; diffuse. It grew to be a widely diffused opinion. Hawthorne. -- Dif*fus"ed*ly, adv. -- Dif*fus"ed*ness, n.

DIFFUSELY Dif*fuse"ly, adv.

Defn: In a diffuse manner.

DIFFUSENESS Dif*fuse"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being diffuse; especially, in writing, the use of a great or excessive number of word to express the meaning; copiousness; verbosity; prolixity.

DIFFUSER Dif*fus"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, diffuses.

DIFFUSIBILITY Dif*fu`si*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being diffusible; capability of being poured or spread out.

DIFFUSIBLE Dif*fu"si*ble, a.

1. Capable of flowing or spreading in all directions; that may be diffused.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: Capable of passing through animal membranes by osmosis.

DIFFUSIBLENESS Dif*fu"si*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Diffusibility.

DIFFUSION Dif*fu"sion, n. Etym: [L. diffusio: cf. F. diffusion.]

1. The act of diffusing, or the state of being diffused; a spreading; extension; dissemination; circulation; dispersion. A diffusion of knowledge which has undermined superstition. Burke.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The act of passing by osmosis through animal membranes, as in the distribution of poisons, gases, etc., through the body. Unlike absorption, diffusion may go on after death, that is, after the blood ceases to circulate.

Syn. -- Extension; spread; propagation; circulation; expansion; dispersion.

DIFFUSIVE Dif*fu"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. diffusif.]

Defn: Having the quality of diffusing; capable of spreading every way by flowing; spreading widely; widely reaching; copious; diffuse. "A plentiful and diffusive perfume." Hare.

DIFFUSIVELY Dif*fu"sive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diffusive manner.

DIFFUSIVENESS Dif*fu"sive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being diffusive or diffuse; extensiveness; expansion; dispersion. Especially of style: Diffuseness; want of conciseness; prolixity. The fault that I find with a modern legend, it its diffusiveness. Addison.

DIFFUSIVITY Dif`fu*siv"i*ty, n.

Defn: Tendency to become diffused; tendency, as of heat, to become equalized by spreading through a conducting medium.

DIG Dig, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dug or Digged (; p. pr. & vb. n. Digging. -- Digged is archaic.] Etym: [OE. diggen, perh. the same word as diken, dichen (see Dike, Ditch); cf. Dan. dige to dig, dige a ditch; or akin to E. 1st dag.

1. To turn up, or delve in, (earth) with a spade or a hoe; to open, loosen, or break up (the soil) with a spade, or other sharp instrument; to pierce, open, or loosen, as if with a spade. Be first to dig the ground. Dryden.

2. To get by digging; as, to dig potatoes, or gold.

3. To hollow out, as a well; to form, as a ditch, by removing earth; to excavate; as, to dig a ditch or a well.

4. To thrust; to poke. [Colloq.] You should have seen children . . . dig and push their mothers under the sides, saying thus to them: Look, mother, how great a lubber doth yet wear pearls. Robynson (More's Utopia). To dig down, to undermine and cause to fall by digging; as, to dig down a wall. -- To dig from, out of, out, or up, to get out or obtain by digging; as, to dig coal from or out of a mine; to dig out fossils; to dig up a tree. The preposition is often omitted; as, the men are digging coal, digging iron ore, digging potatoes. -- To dig in, to cover by digging; as, to dig in manure.(b) To entrench oneself so as to give stronger resistance; -- used of warfare. Also figuratively, esp. in the phrase to dig in one's heels.

DIG Dig, v. i.

1. To work with a spade or other like implement; to do servile work; to delve. Dig for it more than for hid treasures. Job iii. 21. I can not dig; to beg I am ashamed. Luke xvi. 3.

2. (Mining)

Defn: To take ore from its bed, in distinction from making excavations in search of ore.

3. To work like a digger; to study ploddingly and laboriously. [Cant, U.S.]

DIG Dig, n.

1. A thrust; a punch; a poke; as, a dig in the side or the ribs. See Dig, v. t.,

4. [Colloq.]

2. A plodding and laborious student. [Cant, U.S.]

DIGAMIST Dig"a*mist, n. Etym: [Gr. Bigamist.]

Defn: One who marries a second time; a deuterogamist. Hammond.

DIGAMMA Di*gam"ma, n. Etym: [Gr. gammas placed one above the other.] (Gr. Gram.)

Defn: A letter (

Note: This form identifies it with the Latin F, though in sound it is said to have been nearer V. It was pronounced, probably, much like the English W.

DIGAMMATE; DIGAMMATED Di*gam"mate, Di*gam"mated, a.

Defn: Having the digamma or its representative letter or sound; as, the Latin word vis is a digammated form of the Greek . Andrews.

DIGAMOUS Dig"a*mous, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a second marriage, that is, one after the death of the first wife or the first husband.

DIGAMY Dig"a*my, n. Etym: [Gr. Bigamy.]

Defn: Act, or state, of being twice married; deuterogamy. [R.]

DIGASTRIC Di*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Gr. digastrique.] (Anat.) (a) Having two bellies; biventral; -- applied to muscles which are fleshy at each end and have a tendon in the middle, and esp. to the muscle which pulls down the lower jaw. (b) Pertaining to the digastric muscle of the lower jaw; as, the digastric nerves.

DIGENEA Di*ge"ne*a, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Trematoda in which alternate generations occur, the immediate young not resembling their parents.

DIGENESIS Di*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: The faculty of multiplying in two ways; -- by ova fecundated by spermatic fluid, and asexually, as by buds. See Parthenogenesis.

DIGENOUS Dig"e*nous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + -genous.] (Biol.)

Defn: Sexually reproductive. Digenous reproduction. (Biol.) Same as Digenesis.

DIGERENT Dig"er*ent, . Etym: [L. digerens, p. pr. of digerere. See Digest.]

Defn: Digesting. [Obs.] Bailey.

DIGEST Di*gest", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Digested; p. pr. & vb. n. Digesting.] Etym: [L. digestus, p. p. of digerere to separate, arrange, dissolve, digest; di- = dis- + gerere to bear, carry, wear. See Jest.]

1. To distribute or arrange methodically; to work over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or application; as, to digest the laws, etc. Joining them together and digesting them into order. Blair. We have cause to be glad that matters are so well digested. Shak.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: To separate (the food) in its passage through the alimentary canal into the nutritive and nonnutritive elements; to prepare, by the action of the digestive juices, for conversion into blood; to convert into chyme.

3. To think over and arrange methodically in the mind; to reduce to a plan or method; to receive in the mind and consider carefully; to get an understanding of; to comprehend. Feelingly digest the words you speak in prayer. Sir H. Sidney. How shall this bosom multiplied digest The senate's courtesy Shak.

4. To appropriate for strengthening and comfort. Grant that we may in such wise hear them [the Scriptures], read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest them. Book of Common Prayer.

5. Hence: To bear comfortably or patiently; to be reconciled to; to brook. I never can digest the loss of most of Origin's works. Coleridge.

6. (Chem.)

Defn: To soften by heat and moisture; to expose to a gentle heat in a boiler or matrass, as a preparation for chemical operations.

7. (Med.)

Defn: To dispose to suppurate, or generate healthy pus, as an ulcer or wound.

8. To ripen; to mature. [Obs.] Well-digested fruits. Jer. Taylor.

9. To quiet or abate, as anger or grief.

DIGEST Di*gest", v. i.

1. To undergo digestion; as, food digests well or ill.

2. (Med.)

Defn: To suppurate; to generate pus, as an ulcer.

DIGEST Di"gest, n. Etym: [L. digestum, pl. digesta, neut., fr. digestus, p. p.: cf. F. digeste. See Digest, v. t.]

Defn: That which is digested; especially, that which is worked over, classified, and arranged under proper heads or titles; esp. (Law),

Defn: a compilation of statutes or decisions analytically arranged. The term is applied in a general sense to the Pandects of Justinian (see Pandect), but is also specially given by authors to compilations of laws on particular topics; a summary of laws; as, Comyn's Digest; the United States Digest. A complete digest of Hindu and Mahommedan laws after the model of Justinian's celebrated Pandects. Sir W. Jones. They made a sort of institute and digest of anarchy, called the Rights of Man. Burke.

DIGESTEDLY Di*gest"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a digested or well-arranged manner; methodically.

DIGESTER Di*gest"er, n.

1. One who digests.

2. A medicine or an article of food that aids digestion, or strengthens digestive power. Rice is . . . a great restorer of health, and a great digester. Sir W. Temple.

3. A strong closed vessel, in which bones or other substances may be subjected, usually in water or other liquid, to a temperature above that of boiling, in order to soften them.

DIGESTIBILITY Di*gest`i*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being digestible.

DIGESTIBLE Di*gest"i*ble, a. Etym: [F. digestible, L. digestibilis.]

Defn: Capable of being digested.

DIGESTIBLENESS Di*gest"i*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being digestible; digestibility.

DIGESTION Di*ges"tion, n. Etym: [F. digestion, L. digestio.]

1. The act or process of digesting; reduction to order; classification; thoughtful consideration.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The conversion of food, in the stomach and intestines, into soluble and diffusible products, capable of being absorbed by the blood.

3. (Med.)

Defn: Generation of pus; suppuration.

DIGESTIVE Di*gest"ive, a. Etym: [F. digestif, L. digestivus.]

Defn: Pertaining to digestion; having the power to cause or promote digestion; as, the digestive ferments. Digestive cheese and fruit there sure will be. B. Jonson. Digestive apparatus, the organs of food digestion, esp. the alimentary canal and glands connected with it. -- Digestive salt, the chloride of potassium.

DIGESTIVE Di*gest"ive, n.

1. That which aids digestion, as a food or medicine. Chaucer. That digestive [a cigar] had become to me as necessary as the meal itself. Blackw. Mag.

2. (Med.) (a) A substance which, when applied to a wound or ulcer, promotes suppuration. Dunglison. (b) A tonic. [R.]

DIGESTOR Di*gest"or, n.

Defn: See Digester.

DIGESTURE Di*ges"ture, n.

Defn: Digestion. [Obs.] Harvey.

DIGGABLE Dig"ga*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being dug.

DIGGER Dig"ger, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, digs. Digger wasp (Zoöl.), any one of the fossorial Hymenoptera.

DIGGERS Dig"gers, n. pl.; sing. Digger. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A degraded tribe of California Indians; -- so called from their practice of digging roots for food.

DIGGING Dig"ging, n.

1. The act or the place of excavating.

2. pl.

Defn: Places where ore is dug; especially, certain localities in California, Australia, and elsewhere, at which gold is obtained. [Recent]

3. pl.

Defn: Region; locality. [Low]

DIGHT Dight, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dight or Dighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dighting.] Etym: [OF. dihten, AS. dihtan to dictate, command, dispose, arrange, fr. L. dictare to say often, dictate, order; cf. G. dichten to write poetry, fr. L. dictare. See Dictate.]

1. To prepare; to put in order; hence, to dress, or put on; to array; to adorn. [Archaic] "She gan the house to dight." Chaucer. Two harmless turtles, dight for sacrifice. Fairfax. The clouds in thousand liveries dight. Milton.

2. To have sexual intercourse with. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DIGHTER Dight"er, n.

Defn: One who dights. [Obs.]

DIGIT Dig"it, n. Etym: [L. digitus finger; prob. akin to Gr. toe. Cf. Dactyl.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the terminal divisions of a limb appendage; a finger or toe. The ruminants have the "cloven foot," i. e., two hoofed digits on each foot. Owen.

2. A finger's breadth, commonly estimated to be three fourths of an inch.

3. (Math.)

Defn: One of the ten figures or symbols, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, by which all numbers are expressed; -- so called because of the use of the fingers in counting and computing.

Note: By some authorities the symbol 0 is not included with the digits.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: One twelfth part of the diameter of the sun or moon; -- a term used to express the quantity of an eclipse; as, an eclipse of eight digits is one which hides two thirds of the diameter of the disk.

DIGIT Dig"it, v. t.

Defn: To point at or out with the finger. [R.]

DIGITAL Dig"i*tal, a. Etym: [L. digitals.]

Defn: Of or performance to the fingers, or to digits; done with the fingers; as, digital compression; digital examination.

DIGITALIN Dig"i*tal`in, n. Etym: [Cf. F. digitaline.] (a) (Med.) Any one of several extracts of foxglove (Digitalis), as the "French extract," the "German extract," etc., which differ among themselves in composition and properties. (b) (Chem.) A supposedly distinct vegetable principle as the essential ingredient of the extracts. It is a white, crystalline substance, and is regarded as a glucoside.

DIGITALIS Dig`i*ta"lis, n. Etym: [NL.: cf. F. digitale. So named (according to Linnæus) from its finger-shaped corolla.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants including the foxglove.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The dried leaves of the purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), used in heart disease, disturbance of the circulation, etc.

DIGITATE Dig"i*tate, v. t. Etym: [LL. digitatus, p. p. of digitare, fr. L. digitus. See Digit.]

Defn: To point out as with the finger. [R.] Robinson (Eudoxa).

DIGITATE; DIGITATED Dig"i*tate, Dig"i*ta`ted, a. Etym: [L. digitatus having fingers.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having several leaflets arranged, like the fingers of the hand, at the extremity of a stem or petiole. Also, in general, characterized by digitation. -- Dig"i*tate*ly, adv.

DIGITATION Dig`i*ta"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. digitation.]

Defn: A division into fingers or fingerlike processes; also, a fingerlike process.

DIGITIFORM Dig"i*ti*form, a. Etym: [L. digitus a finger + -form.]

Defn: Formed like a finger or fingers; finger-shaped; as, a digitiform root.

DIGITIGRADE Dig"i*ti*grade, a. Etym: [L. digitus finger, toe + gradi to step, walk: cf. F. digitigrade.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Walking on the toes; -- distinguished from plantigrade.

DIGITIGRADE Dig"i*ti*grade, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An animal that walks on its toes, as the cat, lion, wolf, etc.; -- distinguished from a plantigrade, which walks on the palm of the foot.

DIGITIPARTITE Dig`i*ti*par"tite, a. Etym: [L. digitus finger + partite.] (Bot.)

Defn: Parted like the fingers.

DIGITIZE Dig"i*tize, v. t. Etym: [Digit + -ize.]

Defn: To finger; as, to digitize a pen. [R.] Sir T. Browne. computers to convert (information, a signal, an image) into a form expressible in binary notation

DIGITORIUM Dig`i*to"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. digitus a finger.]

Defn: A small dumb keyboard used by pianists for exercising the fingers; -- called also dumb piano.

DIGITULE Dig"i*tule, n. Etym: [L. digitulus, dim. of digitus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A little finger or toe, or something resembling one.

DIGLADIATE Di*gla"di*ate, v. i. Etym: [L. digladiari; di- = dis- + gladius a sword.]

Defn: To fight like gladiators; to contend fiercely; to dispute violently. [Obs.] Digladiating like Æschines and Demosthenes. Hales.

DIGLADIATION Di*gla`di*a"tion, n.

Defn: Act of digladiating. [Obs.] "Sore digladiations and contest." Evelyn.

DIGLOTTISM Di*glot"tism, n. Etym: [Gr. Glottis.]

Defn: Bilingualism. [R.] Earle.

DIGLYPH Di"glyph, n. Etym: [Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: A projecting face like the triglyph, but having only two channels or grooves sunk in it.

DIGNATION Dig*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. dignatio.]

Defn: The act of thinking worthy; honor. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DIGNE Digne, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. dignus. See Design.]

1. Worthy; honorable; deserving. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. Suitable; adequate; fit. [Obs.] Chaucer.

3. Haughty; disdainful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DIGNIFICATION Dig`ni*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [See Dignify.]

Defn: The act of dignifying; exaltation.

DIGNIFIED Dig"ni*fied, a.

Defn: Marked with dignity; stately; as, a dignified judge.

DIGNIFY Dig"ni*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dignified; p. pr. & vb. n. Dignifying.] Etym: [OF. dignifier, fr. LL. d; L. dignus worthy + ficare (in comp.), facere to make. See Deign, and Fact.]

Defn: To invest with dignity or honor; to make illustrious; to give distinction to; to exalt in rank; to honor. Your worth will dignity our feast. B. Jonson.

Syn. -- To exalt; elevate; prefer; advance; honor; illustrate; adorn; ennoble.

DIGNITARY Dig"ni*ta*ry, n.; pl. Dignitaries. Etym: [Cf. F. dignitaire, fr. L. dignitas.]

Defn: One who possesses exalted rank or holds a position of dignity or honor; especially, one who holds an ecclesiastical rank above that of a parochial priest or clergyman.

DIGNITY Dig"ni*ty, n.; pl. Dignities. Etym: [OE. dignete, dignite, OF. digneté, dignité, F. dignité, fr. L. dignitas, from dignus worthy. See Dainty, Deign.]

1. The state of being worthy or honorable; elevation of mind or character; true worth; excellence.

2. Elevation; grandeur. The dignity of this act was worth the audience of kings. Shak.

3. Elevated rank; honorable station; high office, political or ecclesiastical; degree of excellence; preferment; exaltation. Macaulay. And the king said, What honor and dignity hath been done to Mordecai for this Esth. vi. 3. Reuben, thou art my firstborn, . . . the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power. Gen. xlix. 3.

4. Quality suited to inspire respect or reverence; loftiness and grace; impressiveness; stateliness; -- said of A letter written with singular energy and dignity of thought Macaulay.

5. One holding high rank; a dignitary. These filthy dreamers . . . speak evil of dignities. Jude. 8.

6. Fundamental principle; axiom; maxim. [Obs.] Sciences concluding from dignities, and principles known by themselves. Sir T. Browne.

Syn. -- See Decorum. To stand upon one's dignity, to have or to affect a high notion of one's own rank, privilege, or character. They did not stand upon their dignity, nor give their minds to being or to seeming as elegant and as fine as anybody else. R. G. White.

DIGNOTION Dig*no"tion, n. Etym: [L. dignoscere to distinguish; di- = dis- + gnoscere, noscere, to learn to know.]

Defn: Distinguishing mark; diagnostic. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DIGONOUS Dig"o*nous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Having two angles. Smart.

DIGRAM Di"gram, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A digraph.

DIGRAPH Di"graph, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Two signs or characters combined to express a single articulated sound; as ea in head, or th in bath.

DIGRAPHIC Di*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a digraph. H. Sweet.

DIGRESS Di*gress", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Digressed; p. pr. & vb. n. Digressing.] Etym: [L. digressus, p. p. of digredi to go apart, to deviate; di- = dis- + gradi to step, walk. See Grade.]

1. To step or turn aside; to deviate; to swerve; especially, to turn aside from the main subject of attention, or course of argument, in writing or speaking. Moreover she beginneth to digress in latitude. Holland. In the pursuit of an argument there is hardly room to digress into a

## particular definition as often as a man varies the signification of

any term. Locke.

2. To turn aside from the right path; to transgress; to offend. [R.] Thy abundant goodness shall excuse This deadly blot on thy digressing son. Shak.

DIGRESS Di*gress", n.

Defn: Digression. [Obs.] Fuller.

DIGRESSION Di*gres"sion, n. Etym: [L. digressio: cf. F. digression.]

1. The act of digressing or deviating, esp. from the main subject of a discourse; hence, a part of a discourse deviating from its main design or subject. The digressions I can not excuse otherwise, than by the confidence that no man will read them. Sir W. Temple.

2. A turning aside from the right path; transgression; offense. [R.] Then my digression is so vile, so base, That it will live engraven in my face. Shak.

3. (Anat.)

Defn: The elongation, or angular distance from the sun; -- said chiefly of the inferior planets. [R.]

DIGRESSIONAL Di*gres"sion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or having the character of, a digression; departing from the main purpose or subject. T. Warton.

DIGRESSIVE Di*gress"ive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. digressif.]

Defn: Departing from the main subject; partaking of the nature of digression. Johnson.

DIGRESSIVELY Di*gress"ive*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of digression.

DIGUE Digue, n. Etym: [F. See Dike.]

Defn: A bank; a dike. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

DIGYNIA Di*gyn"i*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants having two styles.

DIGYNIAN; DIGYNOUS Di*gyn"i*an, Dig"y*nous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. digyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Digynia; having two styles.

DIHEDRAL Di*he"dral, a. Etym: [Gr. Diedral.]

Defn: Having two plane faces; as, the dihedral summit of a crystal. Dihedral angle, the angular space contained between planes which intersect. It is measured by the angle made by any two lines at right angles to the two planes.

DIHEDRON Di*he"dron, n. Etym: [See Dihedral.]

Defn: A figure with two sides or surfaces. Buchanan.

DIHEXAGONAL Di`hex*ag"o*nal, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + hexagonal.] (a) Consisting of two hexagonal parts united; thus, a dihexagonal pyramid is composed of two hexagonal pyramids placed base to base. (b) Having twelve similar faces; as, a dihexagonal prism.

DIIAMB Di`i*amb", n.

Defn: A diiambus.

DIIAMBUS Di`i*am"bus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Lambus.] (Pros.)

Defn: A double iambus; a foot consisting of two iambuses (

DIIODIDE Di*i"o*dide (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + iodine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of a binary type containing two atoms of iodine; -- called also biniodide.

DIISATOGEN Di`i*sat"o*gen, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + isatine + -gen.] (Chem.)

Defn: A red crystalline nitrogenous substance or artificial production, which by reduction passes directly to indigo.

DIJUDICANT Di*ju"di*cant, n. Etym: [L. dijudicans, p. pr.]

Defn: One who dijudicates. [R.] Wood.

DIJUDICATE Di*ju"di*cate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dijudicated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dijucating.] Etym: [L. dijudicatus, p. p. of dijudicare to decide; di- = dis- + judicare to judge.]

Defn: To make a judicial decision; to decide; to determine. [R.] Hales.

DIJUDICATION Di*ju`di*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. dijudicatio.]

Defn: The act of dijudicating; judgment. [R.] Cockeram.

DIKA Di"ka, n. Etym: [Native West African name.]

Defn: A kind of food, made from the almondlike seeds of the Irvingia Barteri, much used by natives of the west coast of Africa; -- called also dika bread.

DIKE Dike, n. Etym: [OE. dic, dike, diche, ditch, AS. d dike, ditch; akin to D. dijk dike, G. deich, and prob. teich pond, Icel. d dike, ditch, Dan. dige; perh. akin to Gr. dough; or perh. to Gr. Ditch.]

1. A ditch; a channel for water made by digging. Little channels or dikes cut to every bed. Ray.

2. An embankment to prevent inundations; a levee. Dikes that the hands of the farmers had raised . . . Shut out the turbulent tides. Longfellow.

3. A wall of turf or stone. [Scot.]

4. (Geol.)

Defn: A wall-like mass of mineral matter, usually an intrusion of igneous rocks, filling up rents or fissures in the original strata.

DIKE Dike, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diked; p. pr. & vb. n. Diking.] Etym: [OE. diken, dichen, AS. dician to dike. See Dike.]

1. To surround or protect with a dike or dry bank; to secure with a bank.

2. To drain by a dike or ditch.

DIKE Dike, v. i.

Defn: To work as a ditcher; to dig. [Obs.] He would thresh and thereto dike and delve. Chaucer.

DIKER Dik"er, n.

1. A ditcher. Piers Plowman.

2. One who builds stone walls; usually, one who builds them without lime. [Scot.]

DILACERATE Di*lac"er*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dilacerated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dilacerating.] Etym: [L. dilaceratus, p. p. of dilacerare to tear apart; di- = dis- + lacerare to tear.]

Defn: To rend asunder; to tear to pieces. Sir T. Browne.

DILACERATION Di*lac`er*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. dilaceratio: cf. F. dilacération.]

Defn: The act of rending asunder. Arbuthnot.

DILANIATE Di*la"ni*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. dilaniatus, p. p. of dilaniare to dilacerate; di- = dis- + laniare to tear to pieces.]

Defn: To rend in pieces; to tear. [R.] Howell.

DILANIATION Di*la`ni*a"tion, n.

Defn: A rending or tearing in pieces; dilaceration. [R.]

DILAPIDATE Di*lap"i*date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dilapidated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dilapidating.] Etym: [L. dilapidare to scatter like stones; di- = dis- + lapidare to throw stones, fr. lapis a stone. See Lapidary.]

1. To bring into a condition of decay or partial ruin, by misuse or through neglect; to destroy the fairness and good condition of; -- said of a building. If the bishop, parson, or vicar, etc., dilapidates the buildings, or cuts down the timber of the patrimony. Blackstone.

2. To impair by waste and abuse; to squander. The patrimony of the bishopric of Oxon was much dilapidated. Wood.

DILAPIDATE Di*lap"i*date, v. i.

Defn: To get out of repair; to fall into partial ruin; to become decayed; as, the church was suffered to dilapidate. Johnson.

DILAPIDATED Di*lap"i*da`ted, a.

Defn: Decayed; fallen into partial ruin; injured by bad usage or neglect. A deserted and dilapidated buildings. Cooper.

DILAPIDATION Di*lap`i*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. dilapidatio: cf. F. dilapidation.]

1. The act of dilapidating, or the state of being dilapidated, reduced to decay, partially ruined, or squandered. Tell the people that are relived by the dilapidation of their public estate. Burke.

2. Ecclesiastical waste; impairing of church property by an incumbent, through neglect or by intention. The business of dilapidations came on between our bishop and the Archibishop of York. Strype.

3. (Law)

Defn: The pulling down of a building, or suffering it to fall or be in a state of decay. Burrill.

DILAPIDATOR Di*lap"i*da`tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dilapidateur.]

Defn: One who causes dilapidation. Strype.

DILATABILITY Di*la`ta*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dilatabilité.]

Defn: The quality of being dilatable, or admitting expansion; -- opposed to contractibility. Ray.

DILATABLE Di*lat"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dilatable.]

Defn: Capable of expansion; that may be dilated; -- opposed to contractible; as, the lungs are dilatable by the force of air; air is dilatable by heat.

DILATATION Dil`a*ta"tion, n. Etym: [OE. dilatacioun, F. dilatation, L. dilatatio, fr. dilatare. See Dilate, and cf. 2d Dilation.]

1. Prolixity; diffuse discourse. [Obs.] "What needeth greater dilatation" Chaucer.

2. The act of dilating; expansion; an enlarging on al

3. (Anat.)

Defn: A dilation or enlargement of a canal or other organ.

DILATATOR Dil`a*ta"tor, n. Etym: [NL. Cf. L. dilatator a propagator.] (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle which dilates any part; a dilator.

DILATE Di*late", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dilated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dilating.] Etym: [L. dilatare; either fr. di- = dis- + latus wide, not the same word as latus, used as p. p. of ferre to bear (see Latitude); or fr. dilatus, used as p. p. of differre to separate (see Delay, Tolerate, Differ, and cf. Dilatory): cf. F. dilater.]

1. To expand; to distend; to enlarge or extend in all directions; to swell; -- opposed to contract; as, the air dilates the lungs; air is dilated by increase of heat.

2. To enlarge upon; to relate at large; to tell copiously or diffusely. [R.] Do me the favor to dilate at full What hath befallen of them and thee till now. Shak.

Syn. -- To expand; swell; distend; enlarge; spread out; amplify; expatiate.

DILATE Di*late", v. i.

1. To grow wide; to expand; to swell or extend in all directions. His heart dilates and glories in his strength. Addison.

2. To speak largely and copiously; to dwell in narration; to enlarge; -- with on or upon. But still on their ancient joys dilate. Crabbe.

DILATE Di*late", a.

Defn: Extensive; expanded. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DILATED Di*lat"ed, a.

1. Expanded; enlarged. Shak.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Widening into a lamina or into lateral winglike appendages.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the margin wide and spreading.

DILATEDLY Di*lat"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dilated manner. Feltham.

DILATER Di*lat"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dilates, expands, o r enlarges.

DILATION Di*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. dilatio. See Dilatory.]

Defn: Delay. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DILATION Di*la"tion, n. Etym: [From dilate, v., cf. Dilatation, Dilator.]

Defn: The act of dilating, or the state of being dilated; expansion; dilatation. Mrs. Browning. At first her eye with slow dilation rolled. Tennyson. A gigantic dilation of the hateful figure. Dickens.

DILATIVE Di*lat"ive, a.

Defn: Causing dilation; tending to dilate, on enlarge; expansive. Coleridge.

DILATOMETER Dil`a*tom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Dilate + -meter.] (Physiol.)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the dilatation or expansion of a substance, especially of a fluid.

DILATOR Di*lat"or, n. Etym: [See Dilate.]

1. One who, or that which, widens or expands.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle that dilates any part.

3. (Med.)

Defn: An instrument for expanding a part; as, a urethral dilator.

DILATORILY Dil"a*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: With delay; tardily.

DILATORINESS Dil"a*to*ri*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dilatory; lateness; slowness; tardiness; sluggishness.

DILATORY Dil"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. dilatorius, fr. dilator a delayer, fr. dilatus, used as p. p. of differe to defer, delay: cf. F. dilatoire. See Dilate, Differ, Defer.]

1. Inclined to defer or put off what ought to be done at once; given the procrastination; delaying; procrastinating; loitering; as, a dilatory servant.

2. Marked by procrastination or delay; tardy; slow; sluggish; -- said of actions or measures. Alva, as usual, brought his dilatory policy to bear upon hiMotley. Dilatory plea (Law), a plea designed to create delay in the trial of a cause, generally founded upon some matter not connected with the merits of the case.

Syn. -- Slow; delaying; sluggish; inactive; loitering; behindhand; backward; procrastinating. See Slow.

DILDO Dil"do, n.

Defn: A burden in popular songs. [Obs.] Delicate burthens of dildos and fadings. Shak.

DILDO Dil"do, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A columnar cactaceous plant of the West Indies (Cereus Swartzii).

DILECTION Di*lec"tion, n. Etym: [L. dilectio: dilection. See Diligent.]

Defn: Love; choice. [Obs.] T. Martin.

DILEMMA Di*lem"ma, n. Etym: [L. dilemma, Gr. Lemma.]

1. (Logic)

Defn: An argument which presents an antagonist with two or more alternatives, but is equally conclusive against him, whichever alternative he chooses.

Note: The following are instances of the dilemma. A young rhetorician applied to an old sophist to be taught the art of pleading, and bargained for a certain reward to be paid when he should gain a cause. The master sued for his reward, and the scholar endeavored to dilemma. "If I gain my cause, I shall withhold your pay, because the judge's award will be against you; if I lose it, I may withhold it, because I shall not yet have gained a cause." "On the contrary," says the master, "if you gain your cause, you must pay me, because you are to pay me when you gain a cause; if you lose it, you must pay me, because the judge will award it." Johnson.

2. A state of things in which evils or obstacles present themselves on every side, and it is difficult to determine what course to pursue; a vexatious alternative or predicament; a difficult choice or position. A strong dilemma in a desperate case! To act with infamy, or quit the place. Swift. Horns of a dilemma, alternatives, each of which is equally difficult of encountering.

DILETTANT Dil"et*tant`, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to dilettanteism; amateur; as, dilettant speculation. Carlyle.

DILETTANT Dil`et*tant", n.

Defn: A dilettante. Though few art lovers can be connoisseurs, many are dilettants. Fairholt.

DILETTANTE Dil`et*tan"te, n.; pl. Dilettanti. Etym: [It., prop. p. pr. of dillettare to take delight in, fr. L. delectare to delight. See Delight, v. t.]

Defn: An admirer or lover of the fine arts; popularly, an amateur; especially, one who follows an art or a branch of knowledge, desultorily, or for amusement only.

The true poet is not an eccentric creature, not a mere artist living only for art, not a dreamer or a dilettante, sipping the nectar of existence, while he keeps aloof from its deeper interests. J. C. Shairp.

DILETTANTEISH Dil`et*tan"te*ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat like a dilettante.

DILETTANTEISM Dil`et*tan"te*ism, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being a dilettante; the desultory pursuit of art, science, or literature.

DILETTANTISH Dil`et*tant"ish, a.

Defn: Dilettanteish.

DILETTANTISM Dil`et*tant"ism, n.

Defn: Same as Dilettanteism. F. Harrison.

DILIGENCE Dil"i*gence, n. Etym: [F. diligence, L. diligentia.]

1. The quality of being diligent; carefulness; careful attention; -- the opposite of negligence.

2. Interested and persevering application; devoted and painstaking effort to accomplish what is undertaken; assiduity in service. That which ordinary men are fit for, I am qualified in; and the best of me is diligence. Shak.

3. (Scots Law)

Defn: Process by which persons, lands, or effects are seized for debt; process for enforcing the attendance of witnesses or the production of writings. To do one's diligence, give diligence, use diligence, to exert one's self; to make interested and earnest endeavor. And each of them doth all his diligence To do unto the festé reverence. Chaucer.

Syn. -- Attention; industry; assiduity; sedulousness; earnestness; constancy; heed; heedfulness; care; caution. -- Diligence, Industry. Industry has the wider sense of the two, implying an habitual devotion to labor for some valuable end, as knowledge, property, etc. Diligence denotes earnest application to some specific object or pursuit, which more or less directly has a strong hold on one's interests or feelings. A man may be diligent for a time, or in seeking some favorite end, without meriting the title of industrious. Such was the case with Fox, while Burke was eminent not only for diligence, but industry; he was always at work, and always looking out for some new field of mental effort. The sweat of industry would dry and die, But for the end it works to. Shak. Diligence and accuracy are the only merits which an historical writer ascribe to himself. Gibbon.

DILIGENCE Di`li*gence", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A four-wheeled public stagecoach, used in France.

DILIGENCY Dil"i*gen*cy, n. Etym: [L. diligentia.]

Defn: Diligence; care; persevering endeavor. [Obs.] Milton.

DILIGENT Dil"i*gent, a. Etym: [F. diligent, L. diligens, -entis, p. pr. of diligere, dilectum, to esteem highly, prefer; di- = dis- + legere to choose. See Legend.]

1. Prosecuted with careful attention and effort; careful; painstaking; not careless or negligent. The judges shall make diligent inquisition. Deut. xix. 18.

2. Interestedly and perseveringly attentive; steady and earnest in application to a subject or pursuit; assiduous; industrious. Seest thou a man diligent in his business he shall stand before kings. Prov. xxii. 29. Diligent cultivation of elegant literature. Prescott.

Syn. -- Active; assiduous; sedulous; laborious; persevering; attentive; industrious.

DILIGENTLY Dil"i*gent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diligent manner; not carelessly; not negligently; with industry or assiduity. Ye diligently keep commandments of the Lord your God. Deut. vi. 17.

DILL Dill, n. Etym: [AS dile; akin to D. dille, OHG. tilli, G. dill, dille, Sw. dill, Dan. dild.] (Bot.)

Defn: An herb (Peucedanum graveolens), the seeds of which are moderately warming, pungent, and aromatic, and were formerly used as a soothing medicine for children; -- called also dill-seed. Dr. Prior.

DILL Dill, v. t. Etym: [OE. dillen, fr. dul dull, a.]

Defn: To still; to calm; to soothe, as one in pain. [Obs.]

DILLING Dil"ling, n.

Defn: A darling; a favorite. [Obs.] Whilst the birds billing, Each one with his dilling. Drayton.

DILLUING Dil*lu"ing, n. (Min.)

Defn: A process of sorting ore by washing in a hand sieve. [Written also deluing.]

DILLY Dil"ly, n. Etym: [Contr. fr. diligence.]

Defn: A kind of stagecoach. "The Derby dilly." J. H. Frere.

DILLY-DALLY Dil"ly-dal`ly, v. i. Etym: [See Dally.]

Defn: To loiter or trifle; to waste time.

DILOGICAL Di*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Ambiguous; of double meaning. [Obs.] T. Adams.

DILOGY Dil"o*gy, n.; pl. Dilogies. Etym: [L. dilogia, Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: An ambiguous speech; a figure in which a word is used an equivocal sense. [R.]

DILUCID Di*lu"cid, a. Etym: [L. dilucidus, fr. dilucere to be light enough to distinguish objects apart. See Lucid.]

Defn: Clear; lucid. [Obs.] Bacon. -- Di*lu"cid*ly, adv. [Obs.] -- Di`lu*cid"i*ty, n. [Obs.]

DILUCIDATE Di*lu"ci*date, v. t. Etym: [L. dilucidatus, p. p. of dilucidare.]

Defn: To elucidate. [Obs.] Boyle.

DILUCIDATION Di*lu`ci*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. dilucidatio.]

Defn: The act of making clear. [Obs.] Boyle.

DILUENT Dil"u*ent, a. Etym: [L. diluens, p. pr. diluere. See Dilute.]

Defn: Diluting; making thinner or weaker by admixture, esp. of water. Arbuthnot.

DILUENT Dil"u*ent, n.

1. That which dilutes.

2. (Med.)

Defn: An agent used for effecting dilution of the blood; a weak drink. There is no real diluent but water. Arbuthnot.

DILUTE Di*lute", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diluted; p. pr. & vb. n. Diluting.] Etym: [L. dilutus, p. p. of diluere to wash away, dilute; di- = dis- + luere, equiv. to lavare to wash, lave. See Lave, and cf. Deluge.]

1. To make thinner or more liquid by admixture with something; to thin and dissolve by mixing. Mix their watery store. With the chyle's current, and dilute it more. Blackmore.

2. To diminish the strength, flavor, color, etc., of, by mixing; to reduce, especially by the addition of water; to temper; to attenuate; to weaken. Lest these colors should be diluted and weakened by the mixture of any adventitious light. Sir I. Newton.

DILUTE Di*lute", v. i.

Defn: To become attenuated, thin, or weak; as, it dilutes easily.

DILUTE Di*lute", a. Etym: [L. dilutus, p. p.]

Defn: Diluted; thin; weak. A dilute and waterish exposition. Hopkins.

DILUTED Di*lut"ed, a.

Defn: Reduced in strength; thin; weak. -- Di*lut"ed*ly, adv.

DILUTENESS Di*lute"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being dilute. Bp. Wilkins.

DILUTER Di*lut"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dilutes or makes thin, more liquid, or weaker.

DILUTION Di*lu"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dilution.]

Defn: The act of diluting, or the state of being diluted. Arbuthnot.

DILUVIAL Di*lu"vi*al, a. Etym: [L. diluvialis. fr. diluvium.]

1. Of or pertaining to a flood or deluge, esp. to the great deluge in the days of Noah; diluvian.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Effected or produced by a flood or deluge of water; -- said of coarse and imperfectly stratified deposits along ancient or existing water courses. Similar unstratified deposits were formed by the agency of ice. The time of deposition has been called the Diluvian epoch.

DILUVIALIST Di*lu"vi*al*ist, n.

Defn: One who explains geological phenomena by the Noachian deluge. Lyell.

DILUVIAN Di*lu"vi*an, a. Etym: [Cf. F. diluvien.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a deluge, esp. to the Noachian deluge; diluvial; as, of diluvian origin. Buckland.

DILUVIATE Di*lu"vi*ate, v. i. Etym: [L. diluviare.]

Defn: To run as a flood. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

DILUVIUM Di*lu"vi*um, n.; pl. E. Diluviums, L. Diluvia. Etym: [L. diluvium. See Dilute, Deluge.] (Geol.)

Defn: A deposit of superficial loam, sand, gravel, stones, etc., caused by former action of flowing waters, or the melting of glacial ice.

Note: The accumulation of matter by the ordinary operation of water is termed alluvium.

DIM Dim, a. [Compar. Dimmer; superl. Dimmest.] Etym: [AS. dim; akin to OFries. dim, Icel. dimmr: cf. MHG. timmer, timber; of uncertain origin.]

1. Not bright or distinct; wanting luminousness or clearness; obscure in luster or sound; dusky; darkish; obscure; indistinct; overcast; tarnished. The dim magnificence of poetry. Whewell. How is the gold become dim! Lam. iv. 1. I never saw The heavens so dim by day. Shak. Three sleepless nights I passed in sounding on, Through words and things, a dim and perilous way. Wordsworth.

2. Of obscure vision; not seeing clearly; hence, dull of apprehension; of weak perception; obtuse. Mine eye also is dim by reason of sorrow. Job xvii. 7. The understanding is dim. Rogers.

Note: Obvious compounds: dim-eyed; dim-sighted, etc.

Syn. -- Obscure; dusky; dark; mysterious; imperfect; dull; sullied; tarnished.

DIM Dim, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dimmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dimming.]

1. To render dim, obscure, or dark; to make less bright or distinct; to take away the luster of; to darken; to dull; to obscure; to eclipse. A king among his courtiers, who dims all his attendants. Dryden. Now set the sun, and twilight dimmed the ways. Cowper.

2. To deprive of distinct vision; to hinder from seeing clearly, either by dazzling or clouding the eyes; to darken the senses or understanding of. Her starry eyes were dimmed with streaming tears. C. Pitt.

DIM Dim, v. i.

Defn: To grow dim. J. C. Shairp.

DIMBLE Dim"ble, n. Etym: [Prob. orig., a cavity, and the same word as dimple. See Dimple.]

Defn: A bower; a dingle. [Obs.] Drayton.

DIME Dime, n. Etym: [F. dîme tithe, OF. disme, fr. L. decimus the tenth, fr. decem ten. See Decimal.]

Defn: A silver coin of the United States, of the value of ten cents; the tenth of a dollar. Dime novel, a novel, commonly sensational and trashy, which is sold for a dime, or ten cents.

DIMENSION Di*men"sion, n. Etym: [L. dimensio, fr. dimensus, p. p. of dimetiri to measure out; di- = dis- + metiri to measure: cf. F. dimension. See Measure.]

1. Measure in a single line, as length, breadth, height, thickness, or circumference; extension; measurement; -- usually, in the plural, measure in length and breadth, or in length, breadth, and thickness; extent; size; as, the dimensions of a room, or of a ship; the dimensions of a farm, of a kingdom. Gentlemen of more than ordinary dimensions. W. Irving. Space of dimension, extension that has length but no breadth or thickness; a straight or curved line. -- Space of two dimensions, extension which has length and breadth, but no thickness; a plane or curved surface. -- Space of three dimensions, extension which has length, breadth, and thickness; a solid. -- Space of four dimensions, as imaginary kind of extension, which is assumed to have length, breadth, thickness, and also a fourth imaginary dimension. Space of five or six, or more dimensions is also sometimes assumed in mathematics.

2. Extent; reach; scope; importance; as, a project of large dimensions.

3. (Math.)

Defn: The degree of manifoldness of a quantity; as, time is quantity having one dimension; volume has three dimensions, relative to extension.

4. (Alg.)

Defn: A literal factor, as numbered in characterizing a term. The term dimensions forms with the cardinal numbers a phrase equivalent to degree with the ordinal; thus, a2b2c is a term of five dimensions, or of the fifth degree.

5. pl. (Phys.)

Defn: The manifoldness with which the fundamental units of time, length, and mass are involved in determining the units of other physical quantities. Thus, since the unit of velocity varies directly as the unit of length and inversely as the unit of time, the dimensions of velocity are said to be length ÷ time; the dimensions of work are mass × (length)2 ÷ (time)2; the dimensions of density are mass ÷ (length)3. Dimension lumber, Dimension scantling, or Dimension stock (Carp.), lumber for building, etc., cut to the sizes usually in demand, or to special sizes as ordered. -- Dimension stone, stone delivered from the quarry rough, but brought to such sizes as are requisite for cutting to dimensions given.

DIMENSIONAL Di*men"sion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to dimension.

DIMENSIONED Di*men"sioned, a.

Defn: Having dimensions. [R.]

DIMENSIONLESS Di*men"sion*less, a.

Defn: Without dimensions; having no appreciable or noteworthy extent. Milton.

DIMENSITY Di*men"si*ty, n.

Defn: Dimension. [R.] Howell.

DIMENSIVE Di*men"sive, a.

Defn: Without dimensions; marking dimensions or the limits. Who can draw the soul's dimensive lines Sir J. Davies.

DIMERA Dim"e*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) A division of Coleoptera, having two joints to the tarsi. (b) A division of the Hemiptera, including the aphids.

DIMERAN Dim"er*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Dimera.

DIMEROUS Dim"er*ous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Composed of, or having, two parts of each kind.

Note: A dimerous flower has two sepals, two petals, two stamens, and two pistils.

DIMETER Dim"e*ter, a. Etym: [L. dimeter, Gr.

Defn: Having two poetical measures or meters. -- n.

Defn: A verse of two meters.

DIMETHYL Di*meth"yl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + methyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: Ethane; -- sometimes so called because regarded as consisting of two methyl radicals. See Ethane.

DIMETRIC Di*met"ric, a. Etym: [See Dimeter, a.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: Same as Tetragonal. Dana.

DIMICATION Dim`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. dimicatio, fr. dimicare to fight.]

Defn: A fight; contest. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DIMIDIATE Di*mid"i*ate, a. Etym: [L. dimidiatus, p. p. of dimidiare to halve, fr. dimidius half. See Demi-.]

1. Divided into two equal parts; reduced to half in shape or form.

2. (Biol.) (a) Consisting of only one half of what the normal condition requires; having the appearance of lacking one half; as, a dimidiate leaf, which has only one side developed. (b) Having the organs of one side, or half, different in function from the corresponding organs on the other side; as, dimidiate hermaphroditism.

DIMIDIATE Di*mid"i*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dimidiated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dimidiating.]

1. To divide into two equal parts. [Obs.] Cockeram.

2. (Her.)

Defn: To represent the half of; to halve.

DIMIDIATION Di*mid`i*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. dimidiatio.]

Defn: The act of dimidiating or halving; the state of being dimidiate.

DIMINISH Di*min"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diminished; p. pr. & vb. n. Diminishing.] Etym: [Pref. di- (= L. dis-) + minish: cf. L. diminuere, F. diminuer, OE. diminuen. See Dis-, and Minish.]

1. To make smaller in any manner; to reduce in bulk or amount; to lessen; -- opposed to augment or increase. Not diminish, but rather increase, the debt. Barrow.

2. To lessen the authority or dignity of; to put down; to degrade; to abase; to weaken. This doth nothing diminish their opinion. Robynson (More's Utopia). I will diminish them, that they shall no more rule over the nations. Ezek. xxix. 15. O thou . . . at whose sight all the stars Hide their diminished heads. Milton.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: To make smaller by a half step; to make (an interval) less than minor; as, a diminished seventh.

4. To take away; to subtract. Neither shall ye diminish aught from it. Deut. iv. 2. Diminished column, one whose upper diameter is less than the lower. -- Diminished, or Diminishing, scale, a scale of gradation used in finding the different points for drawing the spiral curve of the volute. Gwilt. -- Diminishing rule (Arch.), a board cut with a concave edge, for fixing the entasis and curvature of a shaft. -- Diminishing stile (Arch.), a stile which is narrower in one part than in another, as in many glazed doors.

Syn. -- To decrease; lessen; abate; reduce; contract; curtail; impair; degrade. See Decrease.

DIMINISH Di*min"ish, v. i.

Defn: To become or appear less or smaller; to lessen; as, the apparent size of an object diminishes as we recede from it.

DIMINISHABLE Di*min"ish*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being diminished or lessened.

DIMINISHER Di*min"ish*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, diminishes anything. Clerke (1637).

DIMINISHINGLY Di*min"ish*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to diminish.

DIMINISHMENT Di*min"ish*ment, n.

Defn: Diminution. [R.] Cheke.

DIMINUENDO Di*min`u*en"do, adv. Etym: [It., p. pr. of diminuere to diminish.] (Mus.)

Defn: In a gradually diminishing manner; with abatement of tone; decrescendo; -- expressed on the staff by Dim., or Dimin., or the sign.

DIMINUENT Di*min"u*ent, a. Etym: [L. diminuens, p. pr. of diminuere. See Diminish.]

Defn: Lessening. Bp. Sanderson.

DIMINUTAL Dim`i*nu"tal, a.

Defn: Indicating or causing diminution. Earle.

DIMINUTE Dim"i*nute, a.

Defn: Small; diminished; diminutive. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DIMINUTELY Dim"i*nute*ly, adv.

Defn: Diminutively. [Obs.]

DIMINUTION Dim`i*nu"tion, n. Etym: [L. diminutio, or perh. rather deminutio: cf. F. diminution. See Diminish.]

1. The act of diminishing, or of making or becoming less; state of being diminished; reduction in size, quantity, or degree; -- opposed to augmentation or increase.

2. The act of lessening dignity or consideration, or the state of being deprived of dignity; a lowering in estimation; degradation; abasement. The world's opinion or diminution of me. Eikon Basilike. Nor thinks it diminution to be ranked In military honor next. Philips.

3. (Law)

Defn: Omission, inaccuracy, or defect in a record.

4. (Mus.)

Defn: In counterpoint, the imitation of, or reply to, a subject, in notes of half the length or value of those the subject itself.

Syn. -- Decrease; decay; abatement; reduction; deduction; decrement.

DIMINUTIVAL Di*min`u*ti"val, a.

Defn: Indicating diminution; diminutive. "Diminutival forms" [of words]. Earle. -- n.

Defn: A diminutive. Earle.

DIMINUTIVE Di*min"u*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. L. deminutivus, F. diminutif.]

1. Below the average size; very small; little.

2. Expressing diminution; as, a diminutive word.

3. Tending to diminish. [R.] Diminutive of liberty. Shaftesbury.

DIMINUTIVE Di*min"u*tive, n.

1. Something of very small size or value; an insignificant thing. Such water flies, diminutives of nature. Shak.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: A derivative from a noun, denoting a small or a young object of the same kind with that denoted by the primitive; as, gosling, eaglet, lambkin. Babyisms and dear diminutives. Tennyson.

Note: The word sometimes denotes a derivative verb which expresses a diminutive or petty form of the action, as scribble.

DIMINUTIVELY Di*min"u*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diminutive manner.

DIMINUTIVENESS Di*min"u*tive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being diminutive; smallness; littleness; minuteness.

DIMISH Dim"ish, a.

Defn: See Dimmish.

DIMISSION Di*mis"sion, n. Etym: [L. dimissio. See Dimit, and cf. Dismission.]

Defn: Leave to depart; a dismissing. [Obs.] Barrow.

DIMISSORY Dim"is*so*ry, a. Etym: [L. dimissorius: cf. F. dimissoire. See Dimit.]

Defn: Sending away; dismissing to another jurisdiction; granting leave to depart. Letters dimissory (Eccl.), letters given by a bishop dismissing a person who is removing into another diocese, and recommending him for reception there. Hook.

DIMIT Di*mit", v. t. Etym: [L. dimittere to send away, ledi- = dis- + mittere to send. See Dismiss.]

Defn: To dismiss, let go, or release. [Obs.]

DIMITY Dim"i*ty, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. Gr. diemet, of F. dimite, démitte. Cf. Samite.]

Defn: A cotton fabric employed for hangings and furniture coverings, and formerly used for women's under-garments. It is of many patterns, both plain and twilled, and occasionally is printed in colors.

DIMLY Dim"ly, adv.

Defn: In a dim or obscure manner; not brightly or clearly; with imperfect sight.

DIMMISH; DIMMY Dim"mish, Dim"my, a.

Defn: Somewhat dim; as, dimmish eyes. "Dimmy clouds." Sir P. Sidney.

DIMNESS Dim"ness, n. Etym: [AS. dimness.]

1. The state or quality

2. Dullness, or want of clearness, of vision or of intellectual perception. Dr. H. More.

Syn. -- Darkness; obscurity; gloom. See Darkness.

DIMORPH Di"morph`, n. Etym: [Gr. Di-) + (Crystallog.)

Defn: Either one of the two forms of a dimorphous substance; as, calcite and aragonite are dimorphs.

DIMORPHIC Di*mor"phic, a.

Defn: Having the property of dimorphism; dimorphous.

DIMORPHISM Di*mor"phism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dimorphisme.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Difference of form between members of the same species, as when a plant has two kinds of flowers, both hermaphrodite (as in the partridge berry), or when there are two forms of one or both sexes of the same species of butterfly. Dimorphism is the condition of the appearance of the same species under two dissimilar forms. Darwin.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Crystallization in two independent forms of the same chemical compound, as of calcium carbonate as calcite and aragonite.

DIMORPHOUS Di*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dimorphe.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Characterized by dimorphism; occurring under two distinct forms, not dependent on sex; dimorphic.

2. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Crystallizing under two forms fundamentally different, while having the same chemical composition.

DIMPLE Dim"ple, n. Etym: [Prob. a nasalized dim. of dip. See Dip, and cf. Dimble.]

1. A slight natural depression or indentation on the surface of some part of the body, esp. on the cheek or chin. Milton. The dimple of her chin. Prior.

2. A slight indentation on any surface. The garden pool's dark surface . . . Breaks into dimples small and bright. Wordsworth.

DIMPLE Dim"ple, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dimpled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dimpling.]

Defn: To form dimples; to sink into depressions or little inequalities. And smiling eddies dimpled on the main. Dryden.

DIMPLE Dim"ple, v. t.

Defn: To mark with dimples or dimplelike depressions. Shak.

DIMPLEMENT Dim"ple*ment, n.

Defn: The state of being dimpled, or marked with gentle depressions. [R.] The ground's most gentle dimplement. Mrs. Browning.

DIMPLY Dim"ply, a.

Defn: Full of dimples, or small depressions; dimpled; as, the dimply pool. Thomson.

DIM-SIGHTED Dim"-sight`ed, a.

Defn: Having dim sight; lacking perception. -- Dim"-sight`ed*ness, n.

DIMYA; DIMYARIA Dim"y*a, Dim`y*a"ri*a (, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of lamellibranchiate mollusks having an anterior and posterior adductor muscle, as the common clam. See Bivalve.

DIMYARIAN Dim`y*a"ri*an, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the Dimya. -- n.

Defn: One of the Dimya.

DIMYARY Dim"y*a*ry, a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Dimyarian.

DIN Din, n. Etym: [AS. dyne, dyn; akin to Icel. dynr, and to AS. dynian to resound, Icel. dynja to pour down like hail or rain; cf. Skr. dhuni roaring, a torrent, dhvan to sound. Cf. Dun to ask payment.]

Defn: Loud, confused, harsh noise; a loud, continuous, rattling or clanging sound; clamor; roar. Think you a little din can daunt mine ears Shak. He knew the battle's din afar. Sir W. Scott. The dust and din and steam of town. Tennyson.

DIN Din, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dinned; p. pr. & vb. n. Dinning.] Etym: [AS. dynian. See Din, n.]

1. To strike with confused or clanging sound; to stun with loud and continued noise; to harass with clamor; as, to din the ears with cries.

2. To utter with a din; to repeat noisily; to ding. This hath been often dinned in my ears. Swift. To din into, to fix in the mind of another by frequent and noisy repetitions. Sir W. Scott.

DIN Din, v. i.

Defn: To sound with a din; a ding. The gay viol dinning in the dale. A. Seward.

DINAPHTHYL Di*naph"thyl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + naphthylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon, C20H14, obtained from naphthylene, and consisting of a doubled naphthylene radical.

DINAR Di"nar, n. Etym: [Ar. d, from Gr. denarius. See Denier.]

1. A petty money of accounts of Persia.

2. An ancient gold coin of the East.

DINARCHY Di"nar*chy, n.

Defn: See Diarchy.

DINE Dine, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dined; p. pr. & vb. n. Dining.] Etym: [F. dîner, OF. disner, LL. disnare, contr. fr. an assumed disjunare; dis- + an assumed junare (OF. juner) to fast, for L. jejunare, fr. jejunus fasting. See Jejune, and cf. Dinner, D.]

Defn: To eat the principal regular meal of the day; to take dinner. Now can I break my fast, dine, sup, and sleep. Shak. To dine with Duke Humphrey, to go without dinner; -- a phrase common in Elizabethan literature, said to be from the practice of the poor gentry, who beguiled the dinner hour by a promenade near the tomb of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, in Old Saint Paul's.

DINE Dine, v. t.

1. To give a dinner to; to furnish with the chief meal; to feed; as, to dine a hundred men. A table massive enough to have dined Johnnie Armstrong and his merry men. Sir W. Scott.

2. To dine upon; to have to eat. [Obs.] "What will ye dine." Chaucer.

DINER Din"er, n.

Defn: One who dines.

DINER-OUT Din"er-out`, n.

Defn: One who often takes his dinner away from home, or in company. A brilliant diner-out, though but a curate. Byron.

DINETICAL Di*net"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Revolving on an axis. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DING Ding, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dinged, Dang (Obs.), or Dung (Obs.); p. pr. & vb. n. Dinging.] Etym: [OE. dingen, dengen; akin to AS. dencgan to knock, Icel. dengja to beat, hammer, Sw. dänga, G. dengeln.]

1. To dash; to throw violently. [Obs.] To ding the book a coit's distance from him. Milton.

2. To cause to sound or ring. To ding (anything) in one's ears, to impress one by noisy repetition, as if by hammering.

DING Ding, v. i.

1. To strike; to thump; to pound. [Obs.] Diken, or delven, or dingen upon sheaves. Piers Plowman.

2. To sound, as a bell; to ring; to clang. The fretful tinkling of the convent bell evermore dinging among the mountain echoes. W. Irving.

3. To talk with vehemence, importunity, or reiteration; to bluster. [Low]

DING Ding, n.

Defn: A thump or stroke, especially of a bell.

DINGDONG Ding"dong`, n. Etym: [See Ding.]

1. The sound of, or as of, repeated strokes on a metallic body, as a bell; a repeated and monotonous sound.

2. (Horol.)

Defn: An attachment to a clock by which the quarter hours are struck upon bells of different tones.

DINGDONG THEORY Ding"dong` the"o*ry. (Philol.)

Defn: The theory which maintains that the primitive elements of language are reflex expressions induced by sensory impressions; that is, as stated by Max Müller, the creative faculty gave to each general conception as it thrilled for the first time through the brain a phonetic expression; -- jocosely so called from the analogy of the sound of a bell induced by the stroke of the clapper.

DINGEY; DINGY; DINGHY Din"gey, Din"gy, Din"ghy, n. Etym: [Bengalee dingi.]

1. A kind of boat used in the East Indies. [Written also dinghey.] Malcom.

2. A ship's smallest boat.

DINGILY Din"gi*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dingy manner.

DINGINESS Din"gi*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being dingy; a dusky hue.

DINGLE Din"gle, n. Etym: [Of uncertain origin: cf. AS. ding prison; or perh. akin to dimble.]

Defn: A narrow dale; a small dell; a small, secluded, and embowered valley.

DINGLE-DANGLE Din"gle-dan`gle, adv.

Defn: In a dangling manner.

DINGO Din"go, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wild dog found in Australia, but supposed to have introduced at a very early period. It has a wolflike face, bushy tail, and a reddish brown color.

DINGTHRIFT Ding"thrift`, n.

Defn: A spendthrift. [Obs.] Wilt thou, therefore, a drunkard be, A dingthrift and a knave Drant.

DINGY Din"gy, a. [Compar. Dingier; superl. Dingiest.] Etym: [Prob. fr. dung. Cf. Dungy.]

Defn: Soiled; sullied; of a dark or dusky color; dark brown; dirty. "Scraps of dingy paper." Macaulay.

DINICHTHYS Di*nich"thys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of large extinct Devonian ganoid fishes. In some parts of Ohio remains of the Dinichthys are abundant, indicating animals twenty feet in length.

DINING Din"ing, n. & a.

Defn: from Dine, a.

Note: Used either adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, dining hall or dining-hall, dining room, dining table, etc.

DINK Dink, a. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Trim; neat. [Scot.] Burns. -- Dink"ly, adv.

DINK Dink, v. t.

Defn: To deck; -- often with out or up. [Scot.]

DINMONT Din"mont, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A wether sheep between one and two years old. [Scot.]

DINNER Din"ner, n. Etym: [F. dîner, fr. dîner to dine. See Dine.]

1. The principal meal of the day, eaten by most people about midday, but by many (especially in cities) at a later hour.

2. An entertainment; a feast. A grand political dinner. Tennyson.

Note: Dinner is much used, in an obvious sense, either adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as, dinner time, or dinner-time, dinner bell, dinner hour, etc.

DINNERLESS Din"ner*less, a.

Defn: Having no dinner. Fuller.

DINNERLY Din"ner*ly, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to dinner. [R.] The dinnerly officer. Copley.

DINOCERAS Di*noc"e*ras, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of large extinct Eocene mammals from Wyoming; -- called also Uintatherium. See Illustration in Appendix.

Note: They were herbivorous, and remarkable for three pairs of hornlike protuberances on the skull. The males were armed with a pair of powerful canine tusks.

DINORNIS Di*nor"nis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of extinct, ostrichlike birds of gigantic size, which formerly inhabited New Zealand. See Moa. [Written also Deinornis.]

DINOSAUR; DINOSAURIAN Di"no*saur, Di`no*sau"ri*an, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: One of the Dinosauria. [Written also deinosaur, and deinosaurian.]

DINOSAURIA Di`no*sau"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An order of extinct mesozoic reptiles, mostly of large size (whence the name). Notwithstanding their size, they present birdlike characters in the skeleton, esp. in the pelvis and hind limbs. Some walked on their three-toed hind feet, thus producing the large "bird tracks," so-called, of mesozoic sandstones; others were five-toed and quadrupedal. See Illust. of Compsognathus, also Illustration of Dinosaur in Appendix.

DINOTHERE; DINOTHERIUM Di"no*there, Di`no*the"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL. dinotherium, fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A large extinct proboscidean mammal from the miocene beds of Europe and Asia. It is remarkable fora pair of tusks directed downward from the decurved apex of the lower jaw.

DINOXIDE Din*ox"ide, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Dioxide.

DINSOME Din"some, a.

Defn: Full of din. [Scot.] Burns.

DINT Dint, n. Etym: [OE. dint, dent, dunt, a blow, AS. dynt; akin to Icel. dyntr a dint, dynta to dint, and perh. to L. fendere (in composition). Cf. 1st Dent, Defend.]

1. A blow; a stroke. [Obs.] "Mortal dint." Milton. "Like thunder's dint." Fairfax.

2. The mark left by a blow; an indentation or impression made by violence; a dent. Dryden. Every dint a sword had beaten in it [the shield]. Tennyson.

3. Force; power; -- esp. in the phrase by dint of. Now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel The dint of pity. Shak. It was by dint of passing strength That he moved the massy stone at length. Sir W. Scott.

DINT Dint, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dinted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dinting.]

Defn: To make a mark or cavity on or in, by a blow or by pressure; to dent. Donne. Tennyson.

DINUMERATION Di*nu`mer*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. dinumeratio; di- = dis- + numerare to count, fr. numerus number.]

Defn: Enumeration. [Obs.] Bullokar.

DIOCESAN Di*oc"e*san, a. Etym: [LL. dioecesanus: cf. F. diocésain.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a diocese; as, diocesan missions.

DIOCESAN Di*oc"e*san, n.

1. A bishop, viewed in relation to his diocese; as, the diocesan of New York.

2. pl.

Defn: The clergy or the people of a diocese. Strype.

DIOCESE Di"o*cese, n.; pl. Dioceses. Etym: [OE. diocise, OF. diocise, F. diocése, L. dioecesis, fr. Gr. Economy.] (Eccl.)

Defn: The circuit or extent of a bishop's jurisdiction; the district in which a bishop exercises his ecclesiastical authority. [Frequently, but improperly, spelt diocess.]

DIOCESENER Di`o*ce"se*ner, n.

Defn: One who belongs to a diocese. [Obs.] Bacon.

DIODON Di"o*don, n. Etym: [Gr. diodon.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of spinose, plectognath fishes, having the teeth of each jaw united into a single beaklike plate. They are able to inflate the body by taking in air or water, and, hence, are called globefishes, swellfishes, etc. fishes, and sea hedgehogs.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of whales.

DIODONT Di"o*dont, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the genus Diodon. -- n.

Defn: A fish of the genus Diodon, or an allied genus.

DIOECIA Di*oe"ci*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having the stamens and pistils on different plants.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A subclass of gastropod mollusks in which the sexes are separate. It includes most of the large marine species, like the conchs, cones, and cowries.

DIOECIAN; DIOECIOUS Di*oe"cian, Di*oe"cious, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Having the sexes in applied to plants in which the female flowers occur on one individual and the male flowers on another of the same species, and to animals in which the ovum is produced by one individual and the sperm cell by another; -- opposed to monoecious.

DIOECIOUSLY Di*oe"cious*ly, adv. (Biol.)

Defn: In a dioecious manner. Dioeciously hermaphrodite (Bot.), having flowers structurally perfect, but practically dioecious, -- those on one plant producing no pollen, and those on another no ovules.

DIOECIOUSNESS Di*oe"cious*ness, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The state or quality of being dioecious.

DIOECISM Di*oe"cism, n. (Biol.)

Defn: The condition of being dioecious.

DIOGENES Di*og"e*nes, n.

Defn: A Greek Cynic philosopher (412-323 B. C.) who lived much in Athens and was distinguished for contempt of the common aims and conditions of life, and for sharp, caustic sayings. Diogenes' crab (Zoöl.), a species of terrestrial hermit crabs (Cenobita Diogenes), abundant in the West Indies and often destructive to crops. -- Diogenes' tub, the tub which the philosopher Diogenes is said to have carried about with him as his house, in which he lived.

DIOICOUS Di*oi"cous, a.

Defn: See Dioecious.

DIOMEDEA Di*om`e*de"a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of large sea birds, including the albatross. See Albatross.

DIONAEA Di`o*næ"a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: An insectivorous plant. See Venus's flytrap.

DIONYSIA Di`o*ny"si*a, n. pl. [L., fr. Gr. .] (Class. Antiq.)

Defn: Any of the festivals held in honor of the Olympian god Dionysus. They correspond to the Roman Bacchanalia; the greater Dionysia were held at Athens in March or April, and were celebrated with elaborate performances of both tragedies and comedies.

DIONYSIAC Di`o*ny"si*ac, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Dionysus or to the Dionysia; Bacchic; as, a Dionysiac festival; the Dionysiac theater at Athens.

DIONYSIAN Di`o*ny"sian, a.

Defn: Relating to Dionysius, a monk of the 6th century; as, the Dionysian, or Christian, era. Dionysian period, a period of 532 years, depending on the cycle of the sun, or 28 years, and the cycle of the moon, or 19 years; -- sometimes called the Greek paschal cycle, or Victorian period.

DIOPHANTINE Di`o*phan"tine, a.

Defn: Originated or taught by Diophantus, the Greek writer on algebra. Diophantine analysis (Alg.), that branch of indeterminate analysis which has for its object the discovery of rational values that satisfy given equations containing squares or cubes; as, for example, to find values of x and y which make x2 + y2 an exact square.

DIOPSIDE Di*op"side, n. Etym: [Gr. diopside.] (Min.)

Defn: A crystallized variety of pyroxene, of a clear, grayish green color; mussite.

DIOPTASE Di*op"tase, n. Etym: [Gr. dioptase.] (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring in emerald-green crystals.

DIOPTER; DIOPTRA Di*op"ter, Di*op"tra, n. Etym: [L. dioptra, fr. Gr. Dioptric.]

Defn: An optical instrument, invented by Hipparchus, for taking altitudes, leveling, etc.

DIOPTRE Di*op"tre, n. Etym: [F. See 2d Dioptric.] (Optics)

Defn: A unit employed by oculists in numbering glasses according to the metric system; a refractive power equal to that of a glass whose principal focal distance is one meter.

DIOPTRIC Di*op"tric, a. (Optics)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the dioptre, or to the metric system of numbering glasses. -- n.

Defn: A dioptre. See Dioptre.

DIOPTRIC; DIOPTRICAL Di*op"tric, Di*op"tric*al, a. Etym: [Gr. dioptrique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to dioptrics; assisting vision by means of the refraction of light; refractive; as, the dioptric system; a dioptric glass or telescope. "Dioptrical principles." Nichol. Dioptric curve (Geom.), a Cartesian oval. See under Cartesian.

DIOPTRICS Di*op"trics, n. Etym: [Gr. dioptrique.] (Optics)

Defn: The science of the refraction of light; that part of geometrical optics which treats of the laws of the refraction of light in passing from one medium into another, or through different mediums, as air, water, or glass, and esp. through different lenses; -- distinguished from catoptrics, which refers to reflected light.

DIOPTRY Di*op"try, n. (Optics)

Defn: A dioptre.

DIORAMA Di`o*ra"ma, n. Etym: [Gr. diorama. Cf. Panorama.]

1. A mode of scenic representation, invented by Daguerre and Bouton, in which a painting is seen from a distance through a large opening. By a combination of transparent and opaque painting, and of transmitted and reflected light, and by contrivances such as screens and shutters, much diversity of scenic effect is produced.

2. A building used for such an exhibition.

DIORAMIC Di`o*ram"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a diorama.

DIORISM Di"o*rism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Definition; logical direction. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DIORISTIC Di`o*ris"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Distinguishing; distinctive; defining. [R.] -- Di`o*ris"tic*al*ly, adv. [R.] Dr. H. More.

DIORITE Di"o*rite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diorite. See Diorism.] (Min.)

Defn: An igneous, crystalline in structure, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar and hornblende. It includes part of what was called greenstone.

DIORITIC Di`o*rit"ic, a.

Defn: Containing diorite.

DIORTHOTIC Di`or*thot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Relating to the correcting or straightening out of something; corrective.

DIOSCOREA Di`os*co"re*a, n. Etym: [NL. Named after Dioscorides the Greek physician.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants. See Yam.

DIOTA Di*o"ta, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: A vase or drinking cup having two handles or ears.

DIOXIDE Di*ox"ide (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + oxide.] (Chem.) (a) An oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in each molecule; binoxide. (b) An oxide containing but one atom or equivalent of oxygen to two of a metal; a suboxide. [Obs.] Carbon dioxide. See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic.

DIOXINDOL Di`ox*in"dol, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + oxygen + indol.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline, nitrogenous substance obtained by the reduction of isatin. It is a member of the indol series; -- hence its name.

DIP Dip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dipped or Dipt (p. pr. & vb. n. Dipping.] Etym: [OE. dippen, duppen, AS. dyppan; akin to Dan. dyppe, Sw. doppa, and to AS. d to baptize, OS. d, D. doopen, G. taufen, Sw. döpa, Goth. daupjan, Lith. dubus deep, hollow, OSlav. dupl hollow, and to E. dive. Cf. Deep, Dive.]

1. To plunge or immerse; especially, to put for a moment into a liquid; to insert into a fluid and withdraw again. The priest shall dip his finger in the blood. Lev. iv. 6. [Wat'ry fowl] now dip their pinions in the briny deep. Pope. While the prime swallow dips his wing. Tennyson.

2. To immerse for baptism; to baptize by immersion. Book of Common Prayer. Fuller.

3. To wet, as if by immersing; to moisten. [Poetic] A cold shuddering dew Dips me all o'er. Milton.

4. To plunge or engage thoroughly in any affair. He was . . . dipt in the rebellion of the Commons. Dryden.

5. To take out, by dipping a dipper, ladle, or other receptacle, into a fluid and removing a part; -- often with out; as, to dip water from a boiler; to dip out water.

6. To engage as a pledge; to mortgage. [Obs.] Live on the use and never dip thy lands. Dryden. Dipped candle, a candle made by repeatedly dipping a wick in melted tallow. -- To dip snuff, to take snuff by rubbing it on the gums and teeth. [Southern U. S.] -- To dip the colors (Naut.), to lower the colors and return them to place; -- a form of naval salute.

DIP Dip, v. i.

1. To immerse one's self; to become plunged in a liquid; to sink. The sun's rim dips; the stars rush out. Coleridge.

2. To perform the action of plunging some receptacle, as a dipper, ladle. etc.; into a liquid or a soft substance and removing a part. Whoever dips too deep will find death in the pot. L'Estrange.

3. To pierce; to penetrate; -- followed by in or into. When I dipt into the future. Tennyson.

4. To enter slightly or cursorily; to engage one's self desultorily or by the way; to partake limitedly; -- followed by in or into. "Dipped into a multitude of books." Macaulay.

5. To incline downward from the plane of the horizon; as, strata of rock dip.

6. To dip snuff. [Southern U.S.]

DIP Dip, n.

1. The action of dipping or plunging for a moment into a liquid. "The dip of oars in unison." Glover.

2. Inclination downward; direction below a horizontal line; slope; pitch.

3. A liquid, as a sauce or gravy, served at table with a ladle or spoon. [Local, U.S.] Bartlett.

4. A dipped candle. [Colloq.] Marryat. Dip of the horizon (Astron.), the angular depression of the seen or visible horizon below the true or natural horizon; the angle at the eye of an observer between a horizontal line and a tangent drawn from the eye to the surface of the ocean. -- Dip of the needle, or Magnetic dip, the angle formed, in a vertical plane, by a freely suspended magnetic needle, or the line of magnetic force, with a horizontal line; -- called also inclination. -- Dip of a stratum (Geol.), its greatest angle of inclination to the horizon, or that of a line perpendicular to its direction or strike; -- called also the pitch.

DIPASCHAL Di*pas"chal, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + paschal.]

Defn: Including two passovers. Carpenter.

DIPCHICK Dip"chick`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dabchick.

DIPETALOUS Di*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + petalous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two petals; two-petaled.

DIPHENYL Di*phe"nyl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + phenyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline substance, C6H5.C6H5, obtained by leading benzene through a heated iron tube. It consists of two benzene or phenyl radicals united.

DIPHTHERIA Diph*the"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. membrane): cf. depsere to knead.] (Med.)

Defn: A very dangerous contagious disease in which the air passages, and especially the throat, become coated with a false membrane, produced by the solidification of an inflammatory exudation. Cf. Group.

DIPHTHERIAL; DIPHTHERIC Diph*the"ri*al, Diph*ther"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to diphtheria; diphtheritic.

DIPHTHERITIC Diph`the*rit"ic, a. (Med.)

1. Pertaining to, or connected with, diphtheria.

2. Having characteristics resembling those of diphtheria; as, diphtheritic inflammation of the bladder.

DIPHTHONG Diph"thong (; 115, 277), n. Etym: [L. diphthongus, Gr. diphthongue.] (Orthoëpy) (a) A coalition or union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out, oi in noise; -- called a proper diphthong. (b) A vowel digraph; a union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one of them being sounded; as, ai in rain, eo in people; -- called an improper diphthong.

DIPHTHONG Diph"thong, v. t.

Defn: To form or pronounce as a diphthong; diphthongize. [R.]

DIPHTHONGAL Diph*thon"gal, a.

Defn: Relating or belonging to a diphthong; having the nature of a diphthong. -- Diph*thon"gal*ly, adv.

DIPHTHONGALIZE Diph*thon"gal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make into a diphthong; to pronounce as a diphthong.

DIPHTHONGATION Diph`thon*ga"tion, n.

Defn: See Diphthongization.

DIPHTHONGIC Diph*thong"ic, a.

Defn: Of the nature of diphthong; diphthongal. H. Sweet.

DIPHTHONGIZATION Diph`thong*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of changing into a diphthong. H. Sweet.

DIPHTHONGIZE Diph"thong*ize, v. t. & i.

Defn: To change into a diphthong, as by affixing another vowel to a simple vowel. "The diphthongized long vowels." H. Sweet.

DIPHYCERCAL Diph`y*cer"cal, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the tail fin divided into two equal parts by the notochord, or end of the vertebral column; protocercal. See Protocercal.

DIPHYGENIC Diph`y*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. -genic.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two modes of embryonic development.

DIPHYLLOUS Diph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. diphylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two leaves, as a calyx, etc.

DIPHYODONT Diph"y*o*dont, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having two successive sets of teeth (deciduous and permanent), one succeeding the other; as, a diphyodont mammal; diphyodont dentition; -- opposed to monophyodont. -- n.

Defn: An animal having two successive sets of teeth.

DIPHYOZOOID Diph`y*o*zo"oid, n. Etym: [Gr. zooid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the free-swimming sexual zooids of Siphonophora.

DIPLANAR Di*pla"nar, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + plane.] (Math.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to two planes.

DIPLEIDOSCOPE Di*plei"do*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Astron.)

Defn: An instrument for determining the time of apparent noon. It consists of two mirrors and a plane glass disposed in the form of a prism, so that, by the reflections of the sun's rays from their surfaces, two images are presented to the eye, moving in opposite directions, and coinciding at the instant the sun's center is on the meridian.

DIPLEX Di"plex, a. [Pref. di- + -plex, as in duplex.] (Teleg.)

Defn: Pertaining to the sending of two messages in the same direction at the same time. Diplex and contraplex are the two varieties of duplex.

DIPLOBLASTIC Dip`lo*blas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. -blast + -ic.] (Biol.)

Defn: Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinal layers.

DIPLOCARDIAC Dip`lo*car"di*ac, a. Etym: [Gr. cardiac.] (Anat.)

Defn: Having the heart completely divided or double, one side systemic, the other pulmonary.

DIPLOCOCCUS Dip`lo*coc"cus, n.; pl. Diplococci. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: A form of micrococcus in which cocci are united in a binary manner. See Micrococcus.

DIPLOE Dip"lo*ë, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The soft, spongy, or cancellated substance between the plates of the skull.

DIPLOETIC Dip`lo*et"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Diploic.

DIPLOGENIC Dip`lo*gen"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Partaking of the nature of two bodies; producing two substances. Wright.

DIPLOGRAPH Dip"lo*graph, n. [Gr. double + -graph.]

Defn: An instrument used for double writing, as one for producing embossed writing for the blind and ordinary writing at the same time. -- Dip`lo*graph"ic*al (#), a. -- Dip*log"ra*phy (#), n.

DIPLOIC Di*plo"ic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the diploë.

DIPLOID Dip"loid, n. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A solid bounded by twenty-four similar quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the hexoctahedron.

DIPLOMA Di*plo"ma, n.; pl. Diplomas. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Double.]

Defn: A letter or writing, usually under seal, conferring some privilege, honor, or power; a document bearing record of a degree conferred by a literary society or educational institution.

DIPLOMACY Di*plo"ma*cy, n. Etym: [F. diplomatie. This word, like supremacy, retains the accent of its original. See Diploma.]

1. The art and practice of conducting negotiations between nations (particularly in securing treaties), including the methods and forms usually employed.

2. Dexterity or skill in securing advantages; tact.

3. The body of ministers or envoys resident at a court; the diplomatic body. [R.] Burke.

DIPLOMAT; DIPLOMATE Dip"lo*mat, Dip"lo*mate, n. Etym: [F. diplomate.]

Defn: A diplomatist.

DIPLOMATE Dip"lo*mate, v. t.

Defn: To invest with a title o [R.] Wood.

DIPLOMATIAL Dip`lo*ma"tial, a.

Defn: Diplomatic. [R.]

DIPLOMATIC; DIPLOMATICAL Dip`lo*mat"ic, Dip`lo*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. diplomatique.]

1. Pertaining to diplomacy; relating to the foreign ministers at a court, who are called the diplomatic body.

2. Characterized by tact and shrewdness; dexterous; artful; as, diplomatic management.

3. Pertaining to diplomatics; paleographic. Astle.

DIPLOMATIC Dip`lo*mat"ic, n.

Defn: A minister, official agent, or envoy to a foreign court; a diplomatist.

DIPLOMATICALLY Dip`lo*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: According to the rules of diplomacy; in the manner of a diplomatist; artfully.

DIPLOMATICS Dip`lo*mat"ics, n.

Defn: The science of diplomas, or the art of deciphering ancient writings, and determining their age, authenticity, etc.; paleography.

DIPLOMATISM Di*plo"ma*tism, n.

Defn: Diplomacy. [R.]

DIPLOMATIST Di*plo"ma*tist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diplomatiste a student of diplomatics.]

Defn: A person employed in, or skilled in, diplomacy; a diplomat. In ability, Avaux had no superior among the numerous able diplomatics whom his country then possessed. Macaulay.

DIPLOPIA; DIPLOPY Di*plo"pi*a, Dip"lo*py, n. Etym: [NL. diplopia, from Gr. diplopie.] (Med.)

Defn: The act or state of seeing double.

Note: In crossed or heteronymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is upon the left hand, and that seen by the left eye is upon the right hand. In homonymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is on the right side, that by the left eye on the left side. In vertical diplopia one image stands above the other.

DIPLOPOD Dip"lo*pod, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Diplopoda.

DIPLOPODA Di*plop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of myriapods having two pairs of legs on each segment; the Chilognatha.

DIPLOSTEMONOUS Dip`lo*stem"o*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having twice as many stamens as petals, as the geranium. R. Brown.

DIPLOSTEMONY Dip`lo*stem"o*ny, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The condition of being diplostemonous.

DIPNEUMONA Dip*neu"mo*na, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of spiders having only two lunglike organs. [Written also Dipneumones.]

DIPNOI Dip"no*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of ganoid fishes, including the living genera Ceratodus and Lepidosiren, which present the closest approximation to the Amphibia. The air bladder acts as a lung, and the nostrils open inside the mouth. See Ceratodus, and Illustration in Appendix.

DIPODY Dip"o*dy, n.; pl. Dipodies. Etym: [Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: Two metrical feet taken together, or included in one measure. Hadley. Trochaic, iambic, and anapestic verses . . . are measured by dipodies. W. W. Goodwin.

DIPOLAR Di*po"lar, a. Etym: [Pre. di- + polar. Cf. Bipolar.]

Defn: Having two poles, as a magnetic bar.

DIPPEL'S OIL Dip"pel's oil`. (Chem.) Etym: [From the name of the inventor.]

Defn: See Bone oil, under Bone.

DIPPER Dip"per, n.

1. One who, or that which, dips; especially, a vessel used to dip water or other liquid; a ladle.

2. (Zoöl.) (a) A small grebe; the dabchick. (b) The buffel duck. (c) The water ouzel (Cinolus aquaticus) of Europe. (d) The American dipper or ouzel (Cinclus Mexicanus). The Dipper (Astron.), the seven principal stars in the constellation of the Great Bear; popularly so called from their arrangement in the form of a dipper; -- called also Charles's Wain. See Ursa Major, under Ursa.

DIPPING Dip"ping, n.

1. The act or process of immersing.

2. The act of inclining downward.

3. The act of lifting or moving a liquid with a dipper, ladle, or the like.

4. The process of cleaning or brightening sheet metal or metalware, esp. brass, by dipping it in acids, etc.

5. The practice of taking snuff by rubbing the teeth or gums with a stick or brush dipped in snuff. [U.S.] Dipping needle, a magnetic needle suspended at its center of gravity, and moving freely in a vertical plane, so as to indicate on a graduated circle the magnetic dip or inclination.

DIPRISMATIC Di`pris*mat"ic, a. Etym: [Prefix di- + prismatic.]

Defn: Doubly prismatic.

DIPROPARGYL Di`pro*par"gyl, n. Etym: [Prefix di- + propargyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A pungent, mobile, volatile liquid, C6H6, produced artificially from certain allyl derivatives. Though isomeric with benzine, it is very different in its chemical relations. Called also dipropinyl.

DIPROPYL Di*pro"pyl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + propyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the hexane paraffins, found in petroleum, consisting of two propyl radicals. See Hexane.

DIPROTODON Di*pro"to*don, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct Quaternary marsupial from Australia, about as large as the hippopotamus; -- so named because of its two large front teeth. See Illustration in Appendix.

DIPSAS Dip"sas, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. A serpent whose bite was fabled to produce intense thirst. Milton.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of harmless colubrine snakes.

DIPSETIC Dip*set"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Tending to produce thirst. Wright.

DIPSEY; DIPSIE; DIPSY Dip"sey, Dip"sie, Dip"sy, a.

Defn: Deep-sea; as, a dipsey line; a dipsy lead. [Sailor's Cant]

DIPSEY; DIPSIE; DIPSY Dip"sey, Dip"sie, Dip"sy, n.

1. A sinker attached to a fishing line; also, a line having several branches, each with such a sinker, used in deep-sea fishing. [Local, U. S.]

2. (Naut.) A deep-sea lead. [Rare]

DIPSOMANIA Dip`so*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A morbid an uncontrollable craving (often periodic) for drink, esp. for alcoholic liquors; also improperly used to denote acute and chronic alcoholism.

DIPSOMANIAC Dip`so*ma"ni*ac, n.

Defn: One who has an irrepressible desire for alcoholic drinks.

DIPSOMANIACAL Dip`so*ma*ni"a*cal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to dipsomania.

DIPSOSIS Dip*so"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Excessive thirst produced by disease.

DIPTERA Dip"te*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. diptère.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive order of insects having only two functional wings and two balancers, as the house fly, mosquito, etc. They have a suctorial proboscis, often including two pairs of sharp organs (mandibles and maxillæ) with which they pierce the skin of animals. They undergo a complete metamorphosis, their larvæ (called maggots) being usually without feet.

DIPTERAL Dip"ter*al, a.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two wings only; belonging to the order Diptera.

2. (Anc. Arch.)

Defn: Having a double row of columns on each on the flanks, as well as in front and rear; -- said of a temple.

DIPTERAN Dip"ter*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An insect of the order Diptera.

DIPTEROCARPUS Dip`te*ro*car"pus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of trees found in the East Indies, some species of which produce a fragrant resin, other species wood oil. The fruit has two long wings.

DIPTEROUS Dip"ter*ous, a.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two wings, as certain insects; belonging to the order Diptera.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having two wings; two-winged.

DIPTERYGIAN Dip`ter*yg"i*an, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having two dorsal fins; -- said of certain fishes.

DIPTOTE Dip"tote, n. Etym: [Gr. diptote.] (Gram.)

Defn: A noun which has only two cases. Andrews.

DIPTYCH Dip"tych, n. Etym: [L. diptycha, pl., fr. Gr.

1. Anything consisting of two leaves. Especially: (a) (Roman Antiq.) A writing tablet consisting of two leaves of rigid material connected by hinges and shutting together so as to protect the writing within. (b) A picture or series of pictures painted on two tablets connected by hinges. See Triptych.

2. A double catalogue, containing in one part the names of living, and in the other of deceased, ecclesiastics and benefactors of the church; a catalogue of saints.

DIPYRE Di*pyre", n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of the scapolite group; -- so called from the double effect of fire upon it, in fusing it, and rendering it phosphorescent.

DIPYRENOUS Di`py*re"nous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + pyrene.] (Bot.)

Defn: Containing two stones or nutlets.

DIPYRIDINE Di*pyr"i*dine (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + pyridine.] (Geom.)

Defn: A polymeric form of pyridine, C10H10N2, obtained as a colorless oil by the action of sodium on pyridine.

DIPYRIDYL Di*pyr"i*dyl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + pyridine + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A crystalline nitrogenous base, C10H8N2, obtained by the reduction of pyridine.

DIRADIATION Di*ra`di*a"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + radiation.]

Defn: The emission and diffusion of rays of light.

DIRE Dire, a. [Compar. Direr; superl. Direst.] Etym: [L. dirus; of uncertain origin.]

1. Ill-boding; portentous; as, dire omens.

2. Evil in great degree; dreadful; dismal; horrible; terrible; lamentable. Dire was the tossing, deep the groans. Milton. Gorgons and hydras and chimeras dire. Milton.

DIRECT Di*rect", a. Etym: [L. directus, p. p. of dirigere to direct: cf. F. direct. See Dress, and cf. Dirge.]

1. Straight; not crooked, oblique, or circuitous; leading by the short or shortest way to a point or end; as, a direct line; direct means. What is direct to, what slides by, the question. Locke.

2. Straightforward; not of crooked ways, or swerving from truth and openness; sincere; outspoken. Be even and direct with me. Shak.

3. Immediate; express; plain; unambiguous. He howhere, that I know, says it in direct words. Locke. A direct and avowed interference with elections. Hallam.

4. In the line of descent; not collateral; as, a descendant in the direct line.

5. (Astron.)

Defn: In the direction of the general planetary motion, or from west to east; in the order of the signs; not retrograde; -- said of the motion of a celestial body. Direct action. (Mach.) See Direct-acting. -- Direct discourse (Gram.), the language of any one quoted without change in its form; as, he said "I can not come;" -- correlative to indirect discourse, in which there is change of form; as, he said that he could not come. They are often called respectively by their Latin names, oratio directa, and oratio obliqua. -- Direct evidence (Law), evidence which is positive or not inferential; -- opposed to circumstantial, or indirect, evidence. -- This distinction, however, is merely formal, since there is no direct evidence that is not circumstantial, or dependent on circumstances for its credibility. Wharton. -- Direct examination (Law), the first examination of a witness in the orderly course, upon the merits. Abbott. -- Direct fire (Mil.), fire, the direction of which is perpendicular to the line of troops or to the parapet aimed at. -- Direct process (Metal.), one which yields metal in working condition by a single process from the ore. Knight. -- Direct tax, a tax assessed directly on lands, etc., and polls, distinguished from taxes on merchandise, or customs, and from excise.

DIRECT Di*rect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Directed; p. pr. & vb. n. Directing.]

1. To arrange in a direct or straight line, as against a mark, or towards a goal; to point; to aim; as, to direct an arrow or a piece of ordnance.

2. To point out or show to (any one), as the direct or right course or way; to guide, as by pointing out the way; as, he directed me to the left-hand road. The Lord direct your into the love of God. 2 Thess. iii. 5. The next points to which I will direct your attention. Lubbock.

3. To determine the direction or course of; to cause to go on in a

## particular manner; to order in the way to a certain end; to regulate;

to govern; as, to direct the affairs of a nation or the movements of an army. I will direct their work in truth. Is. lxi. 8.

4. To point out to with authority; to instruct as a superior; to order; as, he directed them to go. I 'll first direct my men what they shall do. Shak.

5. To put a direction or address upon; to mark with the name and residence of the person to whom anything is sent; to superscribe; as, to direct a letter.

Syn. -- To guide; lead; conduct; dispose; manage; regulate; order; instruct; command.

DIRECT Di*rect", v. i.

Defn: To give direction; to point out a course; to act as guide. Wisdom is profitable to direct. Eccl. x. 10.

DIRECT Di*rect", n. (Mus.)

Defn: A character, thus [ Moore (Encyc. of Music).

DIRECT-ACTING Di*rect"-act`ing, a. (Mach.)

Defn: Acting directly, as one part upon another, without the intervention of other working parts. Direct-acting steam engine, one in which motion is transmitted to the crank without the intervention of a beam or lever; -- also called direct-action steam engine. -- Direct-acting steam pump, one in which the steam piston rod is directly connected with the pump rod; -- also called direct-action steam pump.

DIRECT ACTION Direct action. (Trade unions)

Defn: See Syndicalism, below.

DIRECT-COUPLED Di*rect"-cou"pled, a.

Defn: Coupled without intermediate connections, as an engine and a dynamo.

Direct-coupled antenna (Wireless Teleg.), an antenna connected electrically with one point of a closed oscillation circuit in syntony with it and earthed.

DIRECT CURRENT Direct current. (Elec.) (a) A current flowing in one direction only; -- distinguished from alternating current. When steady and not pulsating a direct current is often called a continuous current. (b) A direct induced current, or momentary current of the same direction as the inducing current, produced by stopping or removing the latter; also, a similar current produced by removal of a magnet.

DIRECTER Di*rect"er, n.

Defn: One who directs; a director. Directer plane (Geom.), the plane to which all right-lined elements in a warped surface are parallel.

DIRECTION Di*rec"tion, n. Etym: [L. directio: cf. F. direction.]

1. The act of directing, of aiming, regulating, guiding, or ordering; guidance; management; superintendence; administration; as, the direction o. I do commit his youth To your direction. Shak. All nature is but art, unknown to thee;direction, which thou canst not see. Pope.

2. That which is imposed by directing; a guiding or authoritative instruction; prescription; order; command; as, he grave directions to the servants. The princes digged the well . . . by the direction of the law giver. Numb. xxi. 18.

3. The name and residence of a person to whom any thing is sent, written upon the thing sent; superscription; address; as, the direction of a letter.

4. The line or course upon which anything is moving or aimed to move, or in which anything is lying or pointing; aim; line or point of tendency; direct line or course; as, the ship sailed in a southeasterly direction.

5. The body of managers of a corporation or enterprise; board of directors.

6. (Gun.)

Defn: The pointing of a piece with reference to an imaginary vertical axis; -- distinguished from elevation. The direction is given when the plane of sight passes through the object. Wilhelm.

Syn. -- Administration; guidance; management; superintendence; oversight; government; order; command; guide; clew. Direction, Control, Command, Order. These words, as here compared, have reference to the exercise of power over the actions of others. Control is negative, denoting power to restrain; command is positive, implying a right to enforce obedience; directions are commands containing instructions how to act. Order conveys more prominently the idea of authority than the word direction. A shipmaster has the command of his vessel; he gives orders or directions to the seamen as to the mode of sailing it; and exercises a due control over the passengers.

DIRECTIVE Di*rect"ive, a. Etym: [LL. directivus: cf. F. directif.]

1. Having power to direct; tending to direct, guide, or govern; showing the way. Hooker. The precepts directive of our practice in relation to God. Barrow.

2. Able to be directed; manageable. [Obs.] Swords and bows Directive by the limbs. Shak.

DIRECTLY Di*rect"ly, adv.

1. In a direct manner; in a straight line or course. "To run directly on." Shak. Indirectly and directly too Thou hast contrived against the very life Of the defendant. Shak.

2. In a straightforward way; without anything intervening; not by secondary, but by direct, means.

3. Without circumlocution or ambiguity; absolutely; in express terms. No man hath hitherto been so impious as plainly and directly to condemn prayer. Hooker.

4. Exactly; just. Stand you directly in Antonius' way. Shak.

5. Straightforwardly; honestly. I have dealt most directly in thy affair. Shak.

6. Manifestly; openly. [Obs.] Desdemona is directly in love with him. Shak.

7. Straightway; next in order; without delay; immediately. "Will she go now to bed' Directly.'" Shak.

8. Immediately after; as soon as. Directly he stopped, the coffin was removed. Dickens.

Note: This use of the word is common in England, especially in colloquial speech, but it can hardly be regarded as a well-sanctioned or desirable use. Directly proportional (Math.), proportional in the order of the terms; increasing or decreasing together, and with a constant ratio; -- opposed to inversely proportional.

Syn. -- Immediately; forthwith; straightway; instantly; instantaneously; soon; promptly; openly; expressly. -- Directly, Immediately, Instantly, Instantaneously. Directly denotes, without any delay or diversion of attention; immediately implies, without any interposition of other occupation; instantly implies, without any intervention of time. Hence, "I will do it directly," means, "I will go straightway about it." "I will do it immediately," means, "I will do it as the very next thing." "I will do it instantly," allows not a particle of delay. Instantaneously, like instantly, marks an interval too small to be appreciable, but commonly relates to physical causes; as, the powder touched by fire instantaneously exploded.

DIRECTNESS Di*rect"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being direct; straightness; straightforwardness; immediateness.

DIRECT NOMINATION Direct nomination. (Political Science)

Defn: The nomination or designation of candidates for public office by direct popular vote rather than through the action of a convention or body of elected nominating representatives or delegates. The term is applied both to the nomination of candidates without any nominating convention, and, loosely, to the nomination effected, as in the case of candidates for president or senator of the United States, by the election of nominating representatives pledged or instructed to vote for certain candidates dssignated by popular vote.

DIRECTOIRE STYLE Di`rec`toire" style. (Dressmaking)

Defn: A style of dress prevalent at the time of the French Directory, characterized by great extravagance of design and imitating the Greek and Roman costumes.

DIRECTOR Di*rect"or, n. Etym: [Cf. F. directeur.]

1. One who, or that which, directs; one who regulates, guides, or orders; a manager or superintendent. In all affairs thou sole director. Swift.

2. One of a body of persons appointed to manage the affairs of a company or corporation; as, the directors of a bank, insurance company, or railroad company. What made directors cheat in South-Sea year Pope.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: A part of a machine or instrument which directs its motion or

## action.

4. (Surg.)

Defn: A slender grooved instrument upon which a knife is made to slide when it is wished to limit the extent of motion of the latter, or prevent its injuring the parts beneath.

DIRECTORATE Di*rect"o*rate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. directorat.]

Defn: The office of director; also, a body of directors taken jointly.

DIRECTORIAL Di*rec*to"ri*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. directorial.]

1. Having the quality of a director, or authoritative guide; directive.

2. Pertaining to: director or directory; specifically, relating to the Directory of France under the first republic. See Directory, 3. Whoever goes to the directorial presence under this passport. Burke.

DIRECTORSHIP Di*rect"or*ship, n.

Defn: The condition or office of a director; directorate.

DIRECTORY Di*rect"o*ry, a. Etym: [L. directorius.]

Defn: Containing directions; enjoining; instructing; directorial.

DIRECTORY Di*rect"o*ry, n.; pl. Directories (.

1. A collection or body of directions, rules, or ordinances; esp., a book of directions for the conduct of worship; as, the Directory used by the nonconformists instead of the Prayer Book.

2. A book containing the names and residences of the inhabitants of any place, or of classes of them; an address book; as, a business directory.

3. Etym: [Cf. F. directoire.]

Defn: A body of directors; board of management; especially, a committee which held executive power in France under the first republic.

4. Direction; guide. [R.] Whitlock.

DIRECT PRIMARY Direct primary. (Political Science)

Defn: A primary by which direct nominations of candidates for office are made.

DIRECTRESS Di*rect"ress, n.

Defn: A woman who directs. Bp. Hurd.

DIRECTRIX Di*rect"rix, n.; pl. E. Directrixes (, L. Directrices (.

1. A directress. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

2. (Geom.) (a) A line along which a point in another line moves, or which in any way governs the motion of the point and determines the position of the curve generated by it; the line along which the generatrix moves in generating a surface. (b) A straight line so situated with respect to a conic section that the distance of any point of the curve from it has a constant ratio to the distance of the same point from the focus.

DIREFUL Dire"ful, a. Etym: [Dire + -ful.]

Defn: Dire; dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a direful fiend; a direful day. -- Dire"ful*ly, adv. -- Dire"ful*ness, n.

DIRELY Dire"ly, adv.

Defn: In a dire manner. Drayton.

DIREMPT Di*rempt", a. Etym: [L. diremptus, p. p. of dirimere to take apart, separate; di- = dis- + emere to buy, orig., to take.]

Defn: Divided; separated. [Obs.] Stow.

DIREMPT Di*rempt", v. t.

Defn: To separate by force; to tear apart. [Obs.] Holinshed.

DIREMPTION Di*remp"tion, n. Etym: [L. diremptio.]

Defn: A tearing apart; violent separation. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DIRENESS Dire"ness, n. Etym: [Dire- + -ness.]

Defn: Terribleness; horror; woefulness. Shak.

DIREPTION Di*rep"tion, n. Etym: [L. direptio, fr. diripere to tear asunder, plunder; di- = dis- + rapere to seize and carry off.]

Defn: The act of plundering, despoiling, or snatching away. [R.] Speed.

DIREPTITIOUS Di*rep*ti"tious, a.

Defn: Characterized by direption. [R.] Encyc. Dict.

DIREPTITIOUSLY Di*rep*ti"tious*ly, adv.

Defn: With plundering violence; by violent injustice. [R.] Strype.

DIRGE Dirge, n. Etym: [Contraction of Lat. dirige, direct thou (imperative of dirigere), the first word of a funeral hymn (Lat. transl. of Psalm v. 8) beginning, "Dirige, Domine, in conspectu tuo vitam meam." See Direct, a., and cf. Dirige.]

Defn: A piece of music of a mournful character, to accompany funeral rites; a funeral hymn. The raven croaked, and hollow shrieks of owls Sung dirges at her funeral. Ford.

DIRGEFUL Dirge"ful, a.

Defn: Funereal; moaning. Soothed sadly by the dirgeful wind. Coleridge.

DIRIGE Dir"i*ge, n. Etym: [L. See Dirge.]

Defn: A service for the dead, in the Roman Catholic Church, being the first antiphon of Matins for the dead, of which Dirige is the first word; a dirge. Evensongs and placebo and dirige. Wyclif. Resort, I pray you, unto my sepulture To sing my dirige with great devotion. Lamentation of Mary Magdalene.

DIRIGENT Dir"i*gent, a. Etym: [L. dirigens, p. pr. of dirigere. See Direct, a.]

Defn: Directing. Baxter.

DIRIGENT Dir"i*gent, n. (Geom.)

Defn: The line of motion along which a describent line or surface is carried in the genesis of any plane or solid figure; a directrix. Hutton.

DIRIGIBLE Dir"i*gi*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being directed; steerable; as, a dirigible balloon.

DIRIMENT Dir"i*ment, a. Etym: [L. dirimens, p. pr. of dirimere. See Dirempt.] (Law)

Defn: Absolute. Diriment impediment (R. C. Ch.), an impediment that nullifies marriage.

DIRK Dirk, n. Etym: [Ir. duirc.]

Defn: A kind of dagger or poniard; -- formerly much used by the Scottish Highlander. Dirk knife, a clasp knife having a large, dirklike blade.

DIRK Dirk, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dirked; p. pr. & vb. n. Dirking.]

Defn: To stab with a dirk. Sir W. Scott.

DIRK Dirk, a. Etym: [See Dark, a.]

Defn: Dark. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DIRK Dirk, v. t.

Defn: To darken. [Obs.] Spenser.

DIRKNESS Dirk"ness, n.

Defn: Darkness. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DIRL Dirl, v. i. & t. Etym: [Cf. Drill, Thrill.]

Defn: To thrill; to vibrate; to penetrate. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DIRT Dirt, n. Etym: [OE. drit; kin to Icel. drit excrement, drita to dung, OD. drijten to dung, AS. gedritan.]

1. Any foul of filthy substance, as excrement, mud, dust, etc.; whatever, adhering to anything, renders it foul or unclean; earth; as, a wagonload of dirt. Whose waters cast up mire and dirt. Is. lvii. 20.

2. Meanness; sordidness. Honors . . . thrown away upon dirt and infamy. Melmoth.

3. In placer mining, earth, gravel, etc., before washing. Dirt bed (Geom.), a layer of clayey earth forming a stratum in a geological formation. Dirt beds are common among the coal measures. -- Dirt eating. (a) The use of certain kinds of clay for food, existing among some tribes of Indians; geophagism. Humboldt. (b) (Med.) Same as Chthonophagia. -- Dirt pie, clay or mud molded by children in imitation of pastry. Otway (1684). -- To eat dirt, to submit in a meanly humble manner to insults; to eat humble pie.

DIRT Dirt, v. t.

Defn: To make foul of filthy; to dirty. Swift.

DIRTILY Dirt"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dirty manner; foully; nastily; filthily; meanly; sordidly.

DIRTINESS Dirt"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dirty; filthiness; foulness; nastiness; baseness; sordidness.

DIRTY Dirt"y, a. [Compar. Dirtier; superl. Dirtiest.]

1. Defiled with dirt; foul; nasty; filthy; not clean or pure; serving to defile; as, dirty hands; dirty water; a dirty white. Spenser.

2. Sullied; clouded; -- applied to color. Locke.

3. Sordid; base; groveling; as, a dirty fellow. The creature's at his dirty work again. Pope.

4. Sleety; gusty; stormy; as, dirty weather. Storms of wind, clouds of dust, an angry, dirty sea. M. Arnold.

Syn. -- Nasty; filthy; foul. See Nasty.

DIRTY Dirt"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dirtied; p. pr. & vb. n. Dirtying.]

1. To foul; to make filthy; to soil; as, to dirty the clothes or hands.

2. To tarnish; to sully; to scandalize; -- said of reputation, character, etc.

DIRUPTION Di*rup"tion, n. Etym: [L. diruptio, fr. dirumpere. See Disrupt, a.]

Defn: Disruption.

DIS- Dis- (; 258)

Defn: .

1. A prefix from the Latin, whence F. dés, or sometimes dé-, dis-. The Latin dis- appears as di- before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, v, becomes dif- before f, and either dis- or di- before j. It is from the same root as bis twice, and duo, E. two. See Two, and cf. Bi-, Di-, Dia-. Dis- denotes separation, a parting from, as in distribute, disconnect; hence it often has the force of a privative and negative, as in disarm, disoblige, disagree. Also intensive, as in dissever.

Note: Walker's rule of pronouncing this prefix is, that the s ought always to be pronounced like z, when the next syllable is accented and begins with "a flat mute [b, d, v, g, z], a liquid [l, m, n, r], or a vowel; as, disable, disease, disorder, disuse, disband, disdain, disgrace, disvalue, disjoin, dislike, dislodge, dismay, dismember, dismiss, dismount, disnatured, disrank, disrelish, disrobe." Dr. Webster's example in disapproving of Walker's rule and pronouncing dis- as diz in only one (disease) of the above words, is followed by recent orthoëpists. See Disable, Disgrace, and the other words, beginning with dis-, in this Dictionary.

2. A prefix from Gr. Di-.

DIS Dis, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: The god Pluto. Shak.

DISABILITY Dis`a*bil"i*ty, n.; pl. Disabilities (.

1. State of being disabled; deprivation or want of ability; absence of competent physical, intellectual, or moral power, means, fitness, and the like. Grossest faults, or disabilities to perform what was covenanted. Milton. Chatham refused to see him, pleading his disability. Bancroft.

2. Want of legal qualification to do a thing; legal incapacity or incompetency. The disabilities of idiocy, infancy, and coverture. Abbott.

Syn. -- Weakness; inability; incompetence; impotence; incapacity; incompetency; disqualification. -- Disability, Inability. Inability is an inherent want of power to perform the thing in question; disability arises from some deprivation or loss of the needed competency. One who becomes deranged is under a disability of holding his estate; and one who is made a judge, of deciding in his own case. A man may decline an office on account of his inability to discharge its duties; he may refuse to accept a trust or employment on account of some disability prevents him from entering into such engagements.

DISABLE Dis*a"ble, a.

Defn: Lacking ability; unable. [Obs.] "Our disable and unactive force." Daniel.

DISABLE Dis*a"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disabled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disabling.]

1. To render unable or incapable; to destroy the force, vigor, or power of action of; to deprive of competent physical or intellectual power; to incapacitate; to disqualify; to make incompetent or unfit for service; to impair. A Christian's life is a perpetual exercise, a wrestling and warfare, for which sensual pleasure disables him. Jer. Taylor. And had performed it, if my known offense Had not disabled me. Milton. I have disabled mine estate. Shak.

2. (Law)

Defn: To deprive of legal right or qualification; to render legally incapable. An attainder of the ancestor corrupts the blood, and disables his children to inherit. Blackstone.

3. To deprive of that which gives value or estimation; to declare lacking in competency; to disparage; to undervalue. [Obs.] "He disabled my judgment." Shak.

Syn. -- To weaken; unfit; disqualify; incapacitate.

DISABLEMENT Dis*a"ble*ment, n.

Defn: Deprivation of ability; incapacity. Bacon.

DISABUSE Dis`a*buse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disabused; p. pr. & vb. n. Disabusing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + abuse; cf. F. désabuser.]

Defn: To set free from mistakes; to undeceive; to disengage from fallacy or deception; to set right. To undeceive and disabuse the people. South. If men are now sufficiently enlightened to disabuse themselves or artifice, hypocrisy, and superstition, they will consider this event as an era in their history. J. Adams.

DISACCOMMODATE Dis`ac*com"mo*date, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + accommodate.]

Defn: To put to inconvenience; to incommode. [R.] Bp. Warburton.

DISACCOMMODATION Dis`ac*com`mo*da"tion, n.

Defn: A state of being unaccommodated or unsuited. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

DISACCORD Dis`ac*cord", v. i. Etym: [Cf. F. désaccorder to cause discord.]

Defn: To refuse to assent. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISACCORD Dis`ac*cord", n.

Defn: Disagreement. Pop. Sci. Monthly.

DISACCORDANT Dis`ac*cord"ant, a.

Defn: Not accordant. Fabyan.

DISACCUSTOM Dis`ac*cus"tom, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. désaccoutumer.]

Defn: To destroy the force of habit in; to wean from a custom. Johnson.

DISACIDIFY Dis`a*cid"i*fy, v. t.

Defn: To free from acid.

DISACKNOWLEDGE Dis`ac*knowl"edge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disacknowledged; p. pr. & vb. n. Disacknowledging.]

Defn: To refuse to acknowledge; to deny; to disown. [Obs.] South.

DISACQUAINT Dis`ac*quaint", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + acquaint: cf. OF. desacointier.]

Defn: To render unacquainted; to make unfamiliar. [Obs.] While my sick heart With dismal smart Is disacquainted never. Herrick.

DISACQUAINTANCE Dis`ac*quaint"ance, n.

Defn: Neglect of disuse of familiarity, or familiar acquaintance. [Obs.] South.

DISACRYL Dis*ac"ryl, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- (Gr. acrolein + -yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous substance obtained as a polymeric modification of acrolein.

DISADORN Dis`a*dorn", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of ornaments. Congreve.

DISADVANCE Dis`ad*vance" (; 61), v. t. & i. Etym: [Pref. dis- + advance: cf. OF. desavancier.]

Defn: To draw back, or cause to draw back. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISADVANTAGE Dis`ad*van"tage (; 48, 61), n. Etym: [Cf. F. désavantage.]

1. Deprivation of advantage; unfavorable or prejudicial quality, condition, circumstance, or the like; that which hinders success, or causes loss or injury. I was brought here under the disadvantage of being unknown by sight to any of you. Burke. Abandoned by their great patron, the faction henceforward acted at disadvantage. Palfrey.

2. Loss; detriment; hindrance; prejudice to interest, fame, credit, profit, or other good. They would throw a construction on his conduct, to his disadvantage before the public. Bancroft.

Syn. -- Detriment; injury; hurt; loss; damage.

DISADVANTAGE Dis`ad*van"tage, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. désavantager.]

Defn: To injure the interest of; to be detrimental to.

DISADVANTAGEABLE Dis`ad*van"tage*a*ble, a.

Defn: Injurious; disadvantageous. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISADVANTAGEOUS Dis*ad`van*ta"geous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. désavantageux.]

Defn: Attended with disadvantage; unfavorable to success or prosperity; inconvenient; prejudicial; -- opposed to advantageous; as, the situation of an army is disadvantageous for attack or defense. Even in the disadvantageous position in which he had been placed, he gave clear indications of future excellence. Prescott. -- Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ly, adv. -- Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ness, n.

DISADVENTURE Dis`ad*ven"ture, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + adventure: cf. OF. desaventure.]

Defn: Misfortune; mishap. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

DISADVENTUROUS Dis`ad*ven"tur*ous, a.

Defn: Unprosperous; unfortunate. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISADVISE Dis`ad*vise", v. t.

Defn: To advise against; to dissuade from. [R.] Boyle.

DISAFFECT Dis`af*fect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disaffected; p. pr. & vb. n. Disaffecting.]

1. To alienate or diminish the affection of; to make unfriendly or less friendly; to fill with discontent and unfriendliness. They had attempted to disaffect and discontent his majesty's late army. Clarendon.

2. To disturb the functions of; to disorder. It disaffects the bowels. Hammond.

3. To lack affection for; to be alienated from, or indisposed toward; to dislike. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DISAFFECTED Dis`af*fect"ed, a.

Defn: Alienated in feeling; not wholly loyal. J. H. Newman. -- Dis`af*fect"ed*ly, adv. -- Dis`af*fect"ed*ness, n.

DISAFFECTION Dis`af*fec"tion, n.

1. State of being disaffected; alienation or want of affection or good will, esp. toward those in authority; unfriendliness; dislike. In the making laws, princes must have regard to . . . the affections and disaffections of the people. Jer. Taylor.

2. Disorder; bad constitution. [R.] Wiseman.

Syn. -- Dislike; disgust; discontent; unfriendliness; alienation; disloyalty; hostility.

DISAFFECTIONATE Dis`af*fec"tion*ate, a.

Defn: Not disposed to affection; unfriendly; disaffected. [R.] Blount.

DISAFFIRM Dis`af*firm", v. t.

1. To assert the contrary of; to contradict; to deny; -- said of that which has been asserted.

2. (Law)

Defn: To refuse to confirm; to annul, as a judicial decision, by a contrary judgment of a superior tribunal.

DISAFFIRMANCE Dis`af*firm"ance, n.

1. The act of disaffirming; denial; negation.

2. (Law)

Defn: Overthrow or annulment by the decision of a superior tribunal; as, disaffirmance of judgment.

DISAFFIRMATION Dis*af`fir*ma"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disaffirming; negation; refutation.

DISAFFOREST Dis`af*for"est, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disafforested; p. pr. & vb. n. Disafforesting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + afforest: cf. OF. desaforester.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: To reduce from the privileges of a forest to the state of common ground; to exempt from forest laws. By charter 9 Henry III. many forests were disafforested. Blackstone.

DISAGGREGATE Dis*ag"gre*gate, v. t.

Defn: To destroy the aggregation of; to separate into component parts, as an aggregate mass.

DISAGGREGATION Dis*ag`gre*ga"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désagrégation.]

Defn: The separation of an aggregate body into its component parts.

DISAGREE Dis`a*gree", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Disagreed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disageeing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + agree: cf. F. désagréer to displease.]

1. To fail to accord; not to agree; to lack harmony; to differ; to be unlike; to be at variance. They reject the plainest sense of Scripture, because it seems disagree with what they call reason. Atterbury.

2. To differ in opinion; to hold discordant views; to be at controversy; to quarrel. Who shall decide, when doctors disagree Pope.

3. To be unsuited; to have unfitness; as, medicine sometimes disagrees with the patient; food often disagrees with the stomach or the taste.

Note: Usually followed by with, sometimes by to, rarely by from; as, I disagree to your proposal.

Syn. -- To differ; vary; dissent.

DISAGREEABLE Dis`a*gree"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. désagréable.]

1. Not agreeable, conformable, or congruous; Preach you truly the doctrine which you have received, and each nothing that is disagreeable thereunto. Udall.

2. Exciting repugnance; offensive to the feelings or That which is disagreeable to one is many times agreeable to another, or disagreeable in a less degree. Wollaston.

DISAGREEABLENESS Dis`a*gree"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being; disagreeable; unpleasantness.

DISAGREEABLY Dis`a*gree"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In a disagreeable manner; unsuitably; offensively.

DISAGREEANCE Dis`a*gree"ance, n.

Defn: Disagreement. [Obs.]

DISAGREEMENT Dis`a*gree"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désagrément disagreeable circumstance, disagreeableness.]

1. The state of disagreeing; a being at variance; dissimilitude; diversity.

2. Unsuitableness; unadaptedness. [R.]

3. Difference of opinion or sentiment.

4. A falling out, or controversy; difference.

Syn. -- Difference; diversity; dissimilitude; unlikeness; discrepancy; variance; dissent; misunderstanding; dissension; division; dispute; jar; wrangle; discord.

DISAGREER Dis`a*gre"er, n.

Defn: One who disagrees. Hammond.

DISALLIEGE Dis`al*liege", v. t.

Defn: To alienate from allegiance. [Obs. & R.] Milton.

DISALLOW Dis`al*low", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disallowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disallowing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + allow: cf. OF. desalouer, desloer, to blame, dissuade.]

Defn: To refuse to allow; to deny the force or validity of; to disown and reject; as, the judge disallowed the executor's charge. To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God. 1 Pet. ii. 4. That the edicts of Cæsar we may at all times disallow, but the statutes of God for no reason we may reject. Milton.

Note: This verb was sometimes followed by of; as, "What follows, if we disallow of this" Shak. See Allow.

Syn. -- To disapprove; prohibit; censure; reject.

DISALLOWABLE Dis`al*low"a*ble, a.

Defn: Not allowable; not to be suffered. Raleigh. -- Dis`al*low"a*ble*ness, n.

DISALLOWANCE Dis`al*low"ance, n.

Defn: The act of disallowing; refusal to admit or permit; rejection.

Syn. -- Disapprobation; prohibition; condemnation; censure; rejection.

DISALLY Dis`al*ly", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + ally: cf. F. désaltier.]

Defn: To part, as an alliance; to sunder. [R.] "Disallied their nuptials." Milton.

DISANCHOR Dis*an"chor, v. t. & i. Etym: [Pref. dis- + anchor: cf. F. désancrer.]

Defn: To raise the anchor of, as a ship; to weigh anchor. [Obs.] Heywood.

DISANGELICAL Dis`an*gel"ic*al, a.

Defn: Not angelical. [R.] "Disangelical nature." Coventry.

DISANIMATE Dis*an"i*mate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disanimated; p. pr. & vb. n. Disanimating.]

1. To deprive of life. [R.] Cudworth.

2. To deprive of spirit; to dishearten. Shak.

DISANIMATION Dis*an`i*ma"tion, n.

1. Privation of life. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

2. The state of being disanimated or discouraged; depression of spirits.

DISANNEX Dis`an*nex", v. t.

Defn: To disunite; to undo or repeal the annexation of. State Trials (1608).

DISANNUL Dis`an*nul", v. t.

Defn: To annul completely; to render void or of no effect. For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall disannul Isaiah xiv. 27.

Note: The prefix in this word an its derivatives is intensive, and not negative.

DISANNULLER Dis`an*nul"ler, n.

Defn: One who disannuls.

DISANNULMENT Dis`an*nul"ment, n.

Defn: Complete annulment.

DISANOINT Dis`a*noint", v. t.

Defn: To invalidate the consecration of; as, to disanoint a king. [Obs.] Milton.

DISAPPAREL Dis`ap*par"el, v. t. Etym: [See Apparel, v. t.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + apparel: cf. OF. desapareiller.]

Defn: To disrobe; to strip of apparel; to make naked. Drink disapparels the soul. Junius (1635).

DISAPPEAR Dis`ap*pear", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Disappeared; p. pr. & vb. n. Disappearing.]

1. To cease to appear or to be perceived; to pass from view, gradually or suddenly; to vanish; to be no longer seen; as, darkness disappears at the approach of light; a ship disappears as she sails from port.

2. To cease to be or exist; as, the epidemic has disappeared.

DISAPPEARANCE Dis`ap*pear"ance, n.

Defn: The act of disappearing; cessation of appearance; removal from sight; vanishing. Addison.

DISAPPEARING Dis`ap*pear"ing,

Defn: p. pr. & vb. n. of Disappear.

Disappearing carriage (Ordnance), a carriage for heavy coast guns on which the gun is raised above the parapet for firing and upon discharge is lowered behind the parapet for protection. The standard type of disappearing carriage in the coast artillery of the United States army is the Buffington-Crozier carriage, in which the gun trunnions are secured at the upper and after ends of a pair of heavy levers, at the lower ends of which is attached a counterweight of lead. The levers are pivoted at their middle points, which are, with the top carriage, permitted restrained motion along the slightly inclined chassis rails. The counterweight is held in place by a pawl and ratchet. When the gun is loaded the pawl is released and the counterweight sinks, raising the gun to the firing position above the parapet. The recoil following the discharge returns the gun to the loading position, the counterweight rising until the pawl engages the ratchet.

DISAPPENDENCY Dis`ap*pend"en*cy, n.

Defn: A detachment or separation from a former connection. [R.]

DISAPPENDENT Dis`ap*pend"ent, a.

Defn: Freed from a former connection or dependence; disconnected. [R.]

DISAPPOINT Dis`ap*point", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disapointed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disappointing.] Etym: [OF. desapointier, F. désappointer; pref. des- (L. dis-) + apointier, F. appointier, to appoint. See Appoint.]

1. To defeat of expectation or hope; to hinder from the attainment of that which was excepted, hoped, or desired; to balk; as, a man is disappointed of his hopes or expectations, or his hopes, desires, intentions, expectations, or plans are disappointed; a bad season disappoints the farmer of his crops; a defeat disappoints an enemy of his spoil. I was disappointed, but very agreeably. Macaulay.

Note: Disappointed of a thing not obtained; disappointed in a thing obtained.

2. To frustrate; to fail; to hinder of result. His retiring foe Shrinks from the wound, and disappoints the blow. Addison.

Syn. -- To tantalize; fail; frustrate; balk; baffle; delude; foil; defeat. See Tantalize.

DISAPPOINTED Dis`ap*point"ed, a.

1. Defeated of expectation or hope; balked; as, a disappointed person or hope.

2. Unprepared; unequipped. [Obs.] Cut off even in the blossoms of my sin, Unhouseled, disappointed, unaneled. Shak.

DISAPPOINTMENT Dis`ap*point"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désappointement.]

1. The act of disappointing, or the state of being disappointed; defeat or failure of expectation or hope; miscarriage of design or plan; frustration. If we hope for things of which we have not thoroughly considered the value, our disappointment will be greater our pleasure in the fruition of them. Addison. In disappointment thou canst bless. Keble.

2. That which disappoints.

Syn. -- Miscarriage; frustration; balk.

DISAPPRECIATE Dis`ap*pre"ci*ate, v. t. Etym: [See Appreciate.]

Defn: To undervalue; not to esteem. -- Dis`ap*pre`ci*a"tion, n.

DISAPPROBATION Dis*ap`pro*ba"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + approbation: cf. F. désapprobation. Cf. Disapprove.]

Defn: The act of disapproving; mental condemnation of what is judged wrong, unsuitable, or inexpedient; feeling of censure. We have ever expressed the most unqualified disapprobation of all the steps. Burke.

DISAPPROBATORY Dis*ap"pro*ba`to*ry, a.

Defn: Containing disapprobation; serving to disapprove.

DISAPPROPRIATE Dis`ap*pro"pri*ate, a. (Law)

Defn: Severed from the appropriation or possession of a spiritual corporation. The appropriation may be severed, and the church become disappropriate, two ways. Blackstone.

DISAPPROPRIATE Dis`ap*pro"pri*ate, v. t.

1. To release from individual ownership or possession. Milton.

2. (Law)

Defn: To sever from appropriation or possession a spiritual corporation. Appropriations of the several parsonages . . . would heave been, by the rules of the common law, disappropriated. Blackstone.

DISAPPROPRIATION Dis`ap*pro`pri*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disappropriating.

DISAPPROVAL Dis`ap*prov"al, n.

Defn: Disapprobation; dislike; censure; adverse judgment.

DISAPPROVE Dis`ap*prove, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disapproved; p. pr. & vb. n. Disapproving.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + approve: cf. F. déapprouver. Cf. Disapprobation.]

1. To pass unfavorable judgment upon; to condemn by an act of the judgment; to regard as wrong, unsuitable, or inexpedient; to censure; as, to disapprove the conduct of others.

2. To refuse official approbation to; to disallow; to decline to sanction; as, the sentence of the court-martial was disapproved by the commander in chief.

Note: This verb is often followed by of; as, to disapprove of an opinion, of such conduct. See Approve.

DISAPPROVER Dis`ap*prov"er, n.

Defn: One who disapproves.

DISAPPROVINGLY Dis`ap*prov"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disapproving manner.

DISARD Dis"ard, n.

Defn: See Dizzard. [Obs.] Burton.

DISARM Dis*arm", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disarming; p. pr. & vb. n. Disarming.] Etym: [OE. desarmen, F. désarmer; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + armer to arm. See Arm.]

1. To deprive of arms; to take away the weapons of; to deprive of the means of attack or defense; to render defenseless. Security disarms the best-appointed army. Fuller. The proud was half disarmed of pride. Tennyson.

2. To deprive of the means or the disposition to harm; to render harmless or innocuous; as, to disarm a man's wrath.

DISARMAMENT Dis*arm"a*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désarmement.]

Defn: The act of disarming.

DISARMATURE Dis*ar"ma*ture, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + armature.]

Defn: The act of divesting of armature. [R.]

DISARMED Dis*armed", a.

1. Deprived of arms.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Deprived of claws, and teeth or beaks. Cussans.

DISARMER Dis*arm"er, n.

Defn: One who disarms.

DISARRANGE Dis`ar*range", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disarranged; p. pr. & vb. n. Disarranging.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + arrange: cf. F. désarranger.]

Defn: To unsettle or disturb the order or due arrangement of; to throw out of order.

DISARRANGEMENT Dis`ar*range"ment, n.

Defn: The act of disarranging, or the state of being disarranged; confusion; disorder. Cowper.

DISARRAY Dis`ar*ray", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disarrayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disarraying.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + array, v.: cf. OF. desarroyer, desarreier.]

1. To throw into disorder; to break the array of. Who with fiery steeds Oft disarrayed the foes in battle ranged. Fenton.

2. To take off the dress of; to unrobe. So, as she bade, the witch they disarrayed. Spenser.

DISARRAY Dis`ar*ray", n. Etym: [Cf. F. désarroi.]

1. Want of array or regular order; disorder; confusion. Disrank the troops, set all in disarray. Daniel.

2. Confused attire; undress. Spenser.

DISARRAYMENT Dis`ar*ray"ment, n.

Defn: Disorder. [R.] Feltham.

DISARTICULATE Dis`ar*tic"u*late, v. t.

Defn: To sunder; to separate, as joints. -- Dis`ar*tic`u*la"tion, n.

DISARTICULATOR Dis`ar*tic"u*la`tor, n.

Defn: One who disarticulates and prepares skeletons.

DISASSENT Dis`as*sent", v. i.

Defn: To dissent. [Obs.]

DISASSENT Dis`as*sent", n.

Defn: Dissent. [Obs.] E. Hall.

DISASSENTER Dis`as*sent"er, n.

Defn: One who disassents; a dissenter. [Obs.] State Trials (1634).

DISASSIDUITY Dis*as`si*du"i*ty, n.

Defn: Want of as siduity or care. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

DISASSIMILATE Dis`as*sim"i*late, v. t. (Physiol.)

Defn: To subject to disassimilation.

DISASSIMILATION Dis`as*sim`i*la"tion, n. (Physics)

Defn: The decomposition of complex substances, within the organism, into simpler ones suitable only for excretion, with evolution of energy, -- a normal nutritional process the reverse of assimilation; downward metabolism. The breaking down of already existing chemical compounds into simpler ones, sometimes called disassimilation. Martin.

DISASSIMILATIVE Dis`as*sim"i*la*tive, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Having power to disassimilate; of the nature of disassimilation. Disassimilative processes constitute a marked feature in the life of animal cells. McKendrick.

DISASSOCIATE Dis`as*so"ci*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disassociated; p. pr. & vb. n. Disassociating.]

Defn: To disconnect from things associated; to disunite; to dissociate. Florio.

DISASTER Dis*as"ter, n. Etym: [F. désastre; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + astre star, fr. L. astrum; a word of astrological origin. See Aster, Astral, Star.]

1. An unpropitious or baleful aspect of a planet or star; malevolent influence of a heavenly body; hence, an ill portent. [Obs.] Disasters in the sun. Shak.

2. An adverse or unfortunate event, esp. a sudden and extraordinary misfortune; a calamity; a serious mishap. But noble souls, through dust and heat, Rise from disaster and defeat The stronger. Longfellow.

Syn. -- Calamity; misfortune; mishap; mischance; visitation; misadventure; ill luck. See Calamity.

DISASTER Dis*as"ter, v. t.

1. To blast by the influence of a baleful star. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

2. To bring harm upon; to injure. [R.] Thomson.

DISASTERLY Dis*as"ter*ly, adv.

Defn: Disastrously. [Obs.] Drayton.

DISASTROUS Dis*as"trous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. désastreux. See Disaster.]

1. Full of unpropitious stellar influences; unpropitious; ill-boding. [Obs.] The moon In dim eclipse, disastrous twilight sheds. Milton.

2. Attended with suffering or disaster; very unfortunate; calamitous; ill-fated; as, a disastrous day; a disastrous termination of an undertaking. Wherein I spake of most disastrous chances. Shak. -- Dis*as"trous*ly, adv. -- Dis*as"trous*ness, n.

DISATTIRE Dis`at*tire", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + attire: cf. OF. desatirier.]

Defn: To unrobe; to undress. Spenser.

DISAUGMENT Dis`aug*ment", v. t.

Defn: To diminish. [R.]

DISAUTHORIZE Dis*au"thor*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of credit or authority; to discredit. [R.] W. Wotton.

DISAVAUNCE Dis`a*vaunce", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Disadvance.]

Defn: To retard; to repel; to do damage to. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISAVENTURE Dis`a*ven"ture, n. Etym: [See Disadventure, Adventure.]

Defn: Misfortune. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISAVENTUROUS Dis`a*ven"tur*ous, a.

Defn: Misadventurous; unfortunate. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISAVOUCH Dis`a*vouch", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + avouch. Cf. Disavow.]

Defn: To disavow. [R.] Daniel.

DISAVOW Dis`a*vow", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disavowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disavowing.] Etym: [F. désavouer; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + avouer to avow. See Avow, and cf. Disavouch.]

1. To refuse strongly and solemnly to own or acknowledge; to deny responsibility for, approbation of, an the like; to disclaim; to disown; as, he was charged with embezzlement, but he disavows the crime. A solemn promise made and disavowed. Dryden.

2. To deny; to show the contrary of; to disprove. Yet can they never Toss into air the freedom of my birth, Or disavow my blood Plantagenet's. Ford.

DISAVOWAL Dis`a*vow"al, n.

Defn: The act of disavowing, disclaiming, or disowning; rejection and denial. An earnest disavowal of fear often proceeds from fear. Richardson.

DISAVOWANCE Dis`a*vow"ance, n.

Defn: Disavowal. [Obs.] South.

DISAVOWER Dis`a*vow"er, n.

Defn: One who disavows.

DISAVOWMENT Dis`a*vow"ment, n.

Defn: Disavowal. [R.] Wotton.

DISBAND Dis*band" (; see Dis-), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disbanded; p. pr. & vb. n. Disbanding.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + band: cf. OF. desbander, F. débander, to unbind, unbend. See Band, and cf. Disbend, Disbind.]

1. To loose the bands of; to set free; to disunite; to scatter; to disperse; to break up the organization of; especially, to dismiss from military service; as, to disband an army. They disbanded themselves and returned, every man to his own dwelling. Knolles.

2. To divorce. [Obs.] And therefore . . . she ought to be disbanded. Milton.

DISBAND Dis*band", v. i.

Defn: To become separated, broken up, dissolved, or scattered; especially, to quit military service by breaking up organization.

When both rocks and all things shall disband. Herbert. Human society would in a short space disband. Tillotson.

DISBANDMENT Dis*band"ment, n.

Defn: The act of disbanding.

DISBAR Dis*bar", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disbarred; p. pr. & vb. n. Disbarring.] (Law)

Defn: To expel from the bar, or the legal profession; to deprive (an attorney, barrister, or counselor) of his status and privileges as such. Abbott.

DISBARK Dis*bark", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + bark a small ship: cf. OF. desbarquer, F. débarquer. Cf. Debark, Disembark.]

Defn: To disembark. Pope.

DISBARK Dis*bark", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + bark rind.]

Defn: To strip of bark; to bark. [R.] Boyle.

DISBARMENT Dis*bar"ment, n.

Defn: Act of disbarring.

DISBASE Dis*base", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Debase.]

Defn: To debase or degrade. [Obs.] Nor you nor your house were so much as spoken of before I disbased myself. B. Jonson.

DISBECOME Dis`be*come", v. t.

Defn: To misbecome. [Obs.] Massinger.

DISBELIEF Dis*be*lief", n.

Defn: The act of disbelieving;; a state of the mind in which one is fully persuaded that an opinion, assertion, or doctrine is not true; refusal of assent, credit, or credence; denial of belief. Our belief or disbelief of a thing does not alter the nature of the thing. Tillotson. No sadder proof can be given by a man of his own littleness that disbelief in great men. Carlyle.

Syn. -- Distrust; unbelief; incredulity; doubt; skepticism. -- Disbelief, Unbelief. Unbelief is a mere failure to admit; disbelief is a positive rejection. One may be an unbeliever in Christianity from ignorance or want of inquiry; a unbeliever has the proofs before him, and incurs the guilt of setting them aside. Unbelief is usually open to conviction; disbelief is already convinced as to the falsity of that which it rejects. Men often tell a story in such a manner that we regard everything they say with unbelief. Familiarity with the worst parts of human nature often leads us into a disbelief in many good qualities which really exist among men.

DISBELIEVE Dis`be*lieve", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disbelieved; p. pr. & vb. n. Disbelieving.]

Defn: Not to believe; to refuse belief or credence to; to hold not to be true or actual. Assertions for which there is abundant positive evidence are often disbelieved, on account of what is called their improbability or impossibility. J. S. Mill.

DISBELIEVER Dis`be*liev"er, n.

Defn: One who disbelieves, or refuses belief; an unbeliever. Specifically, one who does not believe the Christian religion. I. Watts.

DISBENCH Dis*bench", v. t.

1. To drive from a bench or seat. [R.] Shak.

2. (Eng. Law)

Defn: To deprive (a bencher) of his privileges. Mozley & W.

DISBEND Dis*bend, v. t.

Defn: To unbend. [Obs.] Stirling.

DISBIND Dis*bind", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Disband.]

Defn: To unbind; to loosen. [Obs.] Mede.

DISBLAME Dis*blame", v. t. Etym: [OE. desblamen, OF. desblasmer; pref. des- (L. dis-) + blasmer, F. blâmer, to blame.]

Defn: To clear from blame. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISBODIED Dis*bod"ied, a.

Defn: Disembodied. [R.]

DISBOSCATION Dis`bos*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + F. bosquet grove.]

Defn: Converting forest land into cleared or arable land; removal of a forest. Sir W. Scott.

DISBOWEL Dis*bow"el, v. t. Etym: [See Bowel, v. t.]

Defn: To disembowel. [R.] Spenser.

DISBRANCH Dis*branch", v. t. Etym: [See Branch, v.]

Defn: To divest of a branch or branches; to tear off. Shak.

DISBUD Dis*bud", v. t. Etym: [See Bud, v.] (Hort.)

Defn: To deprive of buds or shoots, as for training, or economizing the vital strength of a tree.

DISBURDEN Dis*bur"den, v. t. Etym: [See Burden, v. t.] Etym: [Cf. Disburthen.]

Defn: To rid of a burden; to free from a load borne or from something oppressive; to unload; to disencumber; to relieve. He did it to disburden a conscience. Feltham. My mediations . . . will, I hope, be more calm, being thus disburdened. Hammond.

Syn. -- To unload; unburden; discharge; free.

DISBURDEN Dis*bur"den, v. i.

Defn: To relieve one's self of a burden; to ease the mind. Milton.

DISBURGEON Dis*bur"geon, v. t.

Defn: To strip of burgeons or buds; to disbud. [R.] Holland.

DISBURSE Dis*burse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disbursed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disbursing.] Etym: [OF. desbourser, F. débourser; pref. des- (L. dis- ) + bourse purse. See Burse, and cf. Dispurse.]

Defn: To pay out; to expend; -- usually from a public fund or treasury. The duty of collecting and disbursing his revenues. Macaulay. Disbursing officer, an officer in any department of the public service who is charged with the duty of paying out public money.

DISBURSEMENT Dis*burse"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déboursement.]

1. The act of disbursing or paying out. The disbursement of the public moneys. U. S. Statutes.

2. That which is disbursed or paid out; as, the annual disbursements exceed the income.

DISBURSER Dis*burs"er, n.

Defn: One who disburses money.

DISBURTHEN Dis*bur"then, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disburthened; p. pr. & vb. n. Disburthening.] Etym: [Cf. Disburden.]

Defn: To disburden; to relieve of a load. [Archaic]

DISC Disc, n. Etym: [See Disk, Dish.]

Defn: A flat round plate; (Biol.)

Defn: a circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disc, a germinal disc, etc. Same as Disk.

DISCAGE Dis*cage", v. t.

Defn: To uncage. [R.] Tennyson.

DISCAL Disc"al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a disk; as, discal cells.

DISCALCEATE Dis*cal"ce*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. discalceatus unshod; dis- + calceus shoe.]

Defn: To pull off shoes or sandals from. [Obs.] Cockeram.

DISCALCEATED Dis*cal"ce*at`ed, a.

Defn: Deprived off shoes or sandals; unshod; discalced.

DISCALCEATION Dis*cal`ce*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of pulling off the shoes or sandals. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DISCALCED Dis*calced", a.

Defn: Unshod; barefooted; -- in distinction from calced. "The foundation of houses of discalced friars." Cardinal Manning's St. Teresa.

DISCAMP Dis*camp", v. t. Etym: [See Decamp.]

Defn: To drive from a camp. [Obs.] Holland.

DISCANDY Dis*can"dy, v. i.

Defn: To melt; to dissolve; to thaw. [Obs.]

DISCANT Dis"cant, n.

Defn: See Descant, n.

DISCAPACITATE Dis*ca*pac"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of capacity; to incapacitate. [R.]

DISCARD Dis*card", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Discarding.]

1. (Card Playing)

Defn: To throw out of one's hand, as superfluous cards; to lay aside (a card or cards).

2. To cast off as useless or as no longer of service; to dismiss from employment, confidence, or favor; to discharge; to turn away. They blame the favorites, and think it nothing extraordinary that the queen should . . . resolve to discard them. Swift.

3. To put or thrust away; to reject. A man discards the follies of boyhood. I. Taylor.

Syn. -- To dismiss; displace; discharge; cashier.

DISCARD Dis*card", v. i. (Card Playing)

Defn: To make a discard.

DISCARD Dis*card", n. (Card Playing)

Defn: The act of discarding; also, the card or cards discarded.

DISCARDURE Dis*car"dure, n.

Defn: Rejection; dismissal. [R.] Hayter.

DISCARNATE Dis*car"nate, a. Etym: [L. dis- + carnatus fleshy, fr. caro, carnis, flesh.]

Defn: Stripped of flesh. [Obs.] "Discarnate bones." Glanvill.

DISCASE Dis*case", v. t.

Defn: To strip; to undress. Shak.

DISCEDE Dis*cede", v. i. Etym: [L. discedere; dis- + cedere to yield.]

Defn: To yield or give up; to depart. [Obs.] I dare not discede from my copy a tittle. Fuller.

DISCEPT Dis*cept", v. i. Etym: [L. disceptare.]

Defn: To debate; to discuss. [R.] One dissertates, he is candid; Two must discept, -- has distinguished. R. Browning.

DISCEPTATION Dis`cep*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. disceptatio.]

Defn: Controversy; disputation; discussion. [Archaic] Verbose janglings and endless disceptations. Strype.

DISCEPTATOR Dis`cep*ta"tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who arbitrates or decides. [R.] Cowley.

DISCERN Dis*cern", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discerned; p. pr. & vb. n. Discerning.] Etym: [F. discerner, L. discernere, discretum; dis- + cernere to separate, distinguish. See Certain, and cf. Discreet.]

1. To see and identify by noting a difference or differences; to note the distinctive character of; to discriminate; to distinguish. To discern such buds as are fit to produce blossoms. Boyle. A counterfeit stone which thine eye can not discern from a right stone. Robynson (More's Utopia).

2. To see by the eye or by the understanding; to perceive and recognize; as, to discern a difference. And [I] beheld among the simple ones, I discerned among the youths, a young man void of understanding. Prov. vii. 7. Our unassisted sight . . . is not acute enough to discern the minute texture of visible objects. Beattie. I wake, and I discern the truth. Tennyson.

Syn. -- To perceive; distinguish; discover; penetrate; discriminate; espy; descry; detect. See Perceive.

DISCERN Dis*cern", v. i.

1. To see or understand the difference; to make distinction; as, to discern between good and evil, truth and falsehood. More than sixscore thousand that cannot discern between their right hand their left. Jonah iv. 11.

2. To make cognizance. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISCERNANCE Dis*cern"ance, n.

Defn: Discernment. [Obs.]

DISCERNER Dis*cern"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, discerns, distinguishes, perceives, or judges; as, a discerner of truth, of right and wrong. A great observer and discerner of men's natures. Clarendon.

DISCERNIBLE Dis*cern"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. discernibilis.]

Defn: Capable of being discerned by the eye or the understanding; as, a star is discernible by the eye; the identity of difference of ideas is discernible by the understanding. The effect of the privations and sufferings . . . was discernible to the last in his temper and deportment. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Perceptible; distinguishable; apparent; visible; evident; manifest.

DISCERNIBLENESS Dis*cern"i*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being discernible.

DISCERNIBLY Dis*cern"i*bly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to be discerned; perceptibly; visibly. Hammond.

DISCERNING Dis*cern"ing, a.

Defn: Acute; shrewd; sagacious; sharp-sighted. Macaulay.

DISCERNINGLY Dis*cern"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a discerning manner; with judgment; judiciously; acutely. Garth.

DISCERNMENT Dis*cern"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. discernement.]

1. The act of discerning.

2. The power or faculty of the mind by which it distinguishes one thing from another; power of viewing differences in objects, and their relations and tendencies; penetrative and discriminate mental vision; acuteness; sagacity; insight; as, the errors of youth often proceed from the want of discernment.

Syn. -- Judgment; acuteness; discrimination; penetration; sagacity; insight. -- Discernment, Penetration, Discrimination. Discernment is keenness and accuracy of mental vision; penetration is the power of seeing deeply into a subject in spite of everything that intercepts the view; discrimination is a capacity of tracing out minute distinctions and the nicest shades of thought. A discerning man is not easily misled; one of a penetrating mind sees a multitude of things which escape others; a discriminating judgment detects the slightest differences.

DISCERP Dis*cerp", v. t. Etym: [L. discerpere, discerptum; dis- + carpere to pluck.]

1. To tear in pieces; to rend. [R.] Stukeley.

2. To separate; to disunite. [R.] Bp. Hurd.

DISCERPIBILITY; DISCERPTIBILITY Dis*cerp`i*bil"i*ty, Dis*cerp`ti*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Capability or liableness to be discerped. [R.] Wollaston.

DISCERPIBLE; DISCERPTIBLE Dis*cerp"i*ble, Dis*cerp"ti*ble, a. Etym: [See Discerp.]

Defn: Capable of being discerped. [R.]

DISCERPTION Dis*cerp"tion, n. Etym: [L. discerptio.]

Defn: The act of pulling to pieces, or of separating the parts. Bp. Hall.

DISCERPTIVE Dis*cerp"tive, a.

Defn: Tending to separate or disunite parts. Encys. Dict.

DISCESSION Dis*ces"sion, n. Etym: [L. discessio, fr. discedere, discessum. See Discede.]

Defn: Departure. [Obs.]

DISCHARGE Dis*charge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discharged; p. pr. & vb. n. Discharging.] Etym: [OE. deschargen, dischargen, OF. deschargier, F. décharger; pref. des- (L. dis) + chargier, F. charger. See Charge.]

1. To relieve of a charge, load, or burden; to empty of a load or cargo; to unburden; to unload; as, to discharge a vessel.

2. To free of the missile with which anything is charged or loaded; to let go the charge of; as, to discharge a bow, catapult, etc.; especially, said of firearms, -- to fire off; to shoot off; also, to relieve from a state of tension, as a Leyden jar. The galleys also did oftentimes, out of their prows, discharge their great pieces against the city. Knolles. Feeling in other cases discharges itself in indirect muscular

## actions. H. Spencer.

3. To of something weighing upon or impeding over one, as a debt, claim, obligation, responsibility, accusation, etc.; to absolve; to acquit; to clear. Discharged of business, void of strife. Dryden. In one man's fault discharge another man of his duty. L'Estrange.

4. To relieve of an office or employment; to send away from service; to dismiss. Discharge the common sort With pay and thanks. Shak. Grindal . . . was discharged the government of his see. Milton.

5. To release legally from confinement; to set at liberty; as, to discharge a prisoner.

6. To put forth, or remove, as a charge or burden; to take out, as that with which anything is loaded or filled; as, to discharge a cargo.

7. To let fly, as a missile; to shoot. They do discharge their shot of courtesy. Shak.

8. To set aside; to annul; to dismiss. We say such an order was "discharged on appeal." Mozley & W. The order for Daly's attendance was discharged. Macaulay.

9. To throw off the obligation of, as a duty or debt; to relieve one's self of, by fulfilling conditions, performing duty, trust, and the like; hence, to perform or ex Had I a hundred tongues, a wit so large As could their hundred offices discharge. Dryden.

10. To send away (a creditor) satisfied by payment; to pay one's debt or obligation to. [Obs.] If he had The present money to discharge the Jew. Shak.

11. To give forth; to emit or send out; as, a pipe discharges water; to let fly; to give expression to; to utter; as, to discharge a horrible oath.

12. To prohibit; to forbid. [Scot. Obs.] Sir W. Scott. Discharging arch (Arch.), an arch over a door, window, or other opening, to distribute the pressure of the wall above. See Illust. of Lintel. -- Discharging piece, Discharging strut (Arch.), a piece set to carry thrust or weight to a solid point of support. -- Discharging rod (Elec.), a bent wire, with knobs at both ends, and insulated by a glass handle. It is employed for discharging a Leyden jar or an electrical battery. See Discharger.

Syn. -- See Deliver.

DISCHARGE Dis*charge", v. i.

Defn: To throw off or deliver a load, charge, or burden; to unload; to emit or give vent to fluid or other contents; as, the water pipe discharges freely. The cloud, if it were oily or fatty, would not discharge. Bacon.

DISCHARGE Dis*charge", n. Etym: [Cf. F. décharge. See Discharge, v. t.]

1. The act of discharging; the act of relieving of a charge or load; removal of a load or burden; unloading; as, the discharge of a ship; discharge of a cargo.

2. Firing off; explosive removal of a charge; explosion; letting off; as, a discharge of arrows, of artillery.

3. Act of relieving of something which oppresses or weighs upon one, as an obligation, liability, debt, accusation, etc.; acquittance; as, the discharge of a debtor.

4. Act of removing, or getting rid of, an obligation, liability, etc.; fulfillment, as by the payment of a debt, or the performance of a trust or duty. Indefatigable in the discharge of business. Motley. Nothing can absolve us from the discharge of those duties. L'Estrange.

5. Release or dismissal from an office, employment, etc.; dismission; as, the discharge of a workman by his employer.

6. Legal release from confinement; liberation; as, the discharge of a prisoner.

7. The state of being discharged or relieved of a debt, obligation, office, and the like; acquittal. Too secure of our discharge From penalty. Milton.

8. That which discharges or releases from an obligation, liability, penalty, etc., as a price of ransom, a legal document. Death, who sets all free, Hath paid his ransom now and full discharge. Milton.

9. A flowing or issuing out; emission; vent; evacuation; also, that which is discharged or emitted; as, a rapid discharge of water from the pipe. The hemorrhage being stopped, the next occurrence is a thin serous discharge. S. Sharp.

Charge and discharge. (Equity Practice) See under Charge, n. -- Paralytic discharge (Physiol.), the increased secretion from a gland resulting from the cutting of all of its nerves.

DISCHARGER Dis*char"ger, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, discharges. Specifically, in electricity, an instrument for discharging a Leyden jar, or electrical battery, by making a connection between the two surfaces; a discharging rod.

DISCHEVELE Dis*chev"ele, a.

Defn: Disheveled. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISCHURCH Dis*church", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of status as a church, or of membership in a church. Bp. Hall.

DISCIDE Dis*cide", v. t. Etym: [L. discidere; dis- + caedere to cut.]

Defn: To divide; to cleave in two. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISCIFEROUS Dis*cif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Disc- + -ferous.]

Defn: Bearing disks.

DISCIFLORAL; DISCIFLOROUS Dis`ci*flo"ral, Dis`ci*flo"rous, a. Etym: [See Disk, and Floral.] (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing the stamens on a discoid outgrowth of the receptacle; - - said of a subclass of plants. Cf. Calycifloral.

DISCIFORM Dis"ci*form, a.

Defn: Discoid.

DISCINA Dis*ci"na, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. discus disk, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of Branchiopoda, having a disklike shell, attached by one valve, which is perforated by the peduncle.

DISCINCT Dis*cinct, a. Etym: [L. discinctus, p. p. of discingere to ungird; dis- + cingere to gird.]

Defn: Ungirded; loosely dressed. [R.] Sir W. Scott.

DISCIND Dis*cind", v. t. Etym: [L. discindere; dis- + scindere to cut, split.]

Defn: To part; to divide. [Obs.] Boyle.

DISCIPLE Dis*ci"ple, n. Etym: [OE. disciple, deciple, OF. disciple, fr. L. discipulus, fr. discere to learn (akin to docere to teach; see Docile) + prob. a root meaning to turn or drive, as in L. pellere to drive (see Pulse).]

Defn: One who receives instruction from another; a scholar; a learner; especially, a follower who has learned to believe in the truth of the doctrine of his teacher; an adherent in doctrine; as, the disciples of Plato; the disciples of our Savior. The disciples, or The twelve disciples, the twelve selected companions of Jesus; -- also called the apostles. -- Disciples of Christ. See Christian, n., 3, and Campbellite.

Syn. -- Learner; scholar; pupil; follower; adherent.

DISCIPLE Dis*ci"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discipled; p. pr. & vb. n. Discipling.]

1. To teach; to train. [Obs.] That better were in virtues discipled. Spenser.

2. To punish; to discipline. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

3. To make disciples of; to convert to doctrines or principles. [R.] Sending missionaries to disciple all nations. E. D. Griffin.

DISCIPLESHIP Dis*ci"ple*ship, n.

Defn: The state of being a disciple or follower in doctrines and precepts. Jer. Taylor.

DISCIPLESS Dis*ci"pless, n.

Defn: A female disciple. [Obs.]

DISCIPLINABLE Dis"ci*plin*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. disciplinable. See Discipline.]

1. Capable of being disciplined or improved by instruction and training.

2. Liable or deserving to be disciplined; subject to disciplinary punishment; as, a disciplinable offense.

DISCIPLINABLENESS Dis"ci*plin*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being improvable by discipline. Sir M. Hale.

DISCIPLINAL Dis"ci*plin*al, a.

Defn: Relating to discipline. Latham.

DISCIPLINANT Dis"ci*plin*ant, n. Etym: [See Discipline.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A flagellant. See Flagellant.

DISCIPLINARIAN Dis`ci*plin*a"ri*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to discipline. "Displinarian system." Milman.

DISCIPLINARIAN Dis`ci*plin*a"ri*an, n.

1. One who disciplines; one who excels in training, especially with training, especially with regard to order and obedience; one who enforces rigid discipline; a stickler for the observance of rules and methods of training; as, he is a better disciplinarian than scholar.

2. A Puritan or Presbyterian; -- because of rigid adherence to religious or church discipline. [Obs.]

DISCIPLINARY Dis"ci*plin*a*ry, a. Etym: [LL. disciplinarius flogging: cf. F. disciplinaire.]

Defn: Pertaining to discipline; intended for discipline; corrective; belonging to a course of training. Those canons . . . were only disciplinary. Bp. Ferne. The evils of the . . . are disciplinary and remedial. Buckminster.

DISCIPLINE Dis`ci*pline, n. Etym: [F. discipline, L. disciplina, from discipulus. See Disciple.]

1. The treatment suited to a disciple or learner; education; development of the faculties by instruction and exercise; training, whether physical, mental, or moral. Wife and children are a kind of discipline of humanity. Bacon. Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and the substitution of good ones, especially those of order, regularity, and obedience. C. J. Smith.

2. Training to act in accordance with established rules; accustoming to systematic and regular action; drill. Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part, Obey the rules and discipline of art. Dryden.

3. Subjection to rule; submissiveness to order and control; habit of obedience. The most perfect, who have their passions in the best discipline, are yet obliged to be constantly on their guard. Rogers.

4. Severe training, corrective of faults; instruction by means of misfortune, suffering, punishment, etc. A sharp discipline of half a century had sufficed to educate Macaulay.

5. Correction; chastisement; punishment inflicted by way of correction and training. Giving her the discipline of the strap. Addison.

6. The subject matter of instruction; a branch of knowledge. Bp. Wilkins.

7. (Eccl.)

Defn: The enforcement of methods of correction against one guilty of ecclesiastical offenses; reformatory or penal action toward a church member.

8. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: Self- inflicted and voluntary corporal punishment, as penance, or otherwise; specifically, a penitential scourge.

9. (Eccl.)

Defn: A system of essential rules and duties; as, the Romish or Anglican discipline.

Syn. -- Education; instruction; training; culture; correction; chastisement; punishment.

DISCIPLINE Dis"ci*pline, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disciplined; p. pr. & vb. n. Disciplining.] Etym: [Cf. LL. disciplinarian to flog, fr. L. disciplina discipline, and F. discipliner to discipline.]

1. To educate; to develop by instruction and exercise; to train.

2. To accustom to regular and systematic action; to bring under control so as to act systematically; to train to act together under orders; to teach subordination to; to form a habit of obedience in; to drill. Ill armed, and worse disciplined. Clarendon. His mind . . . imperfectly disciplined by nature. Macaulay.

3. To improve by corrective and penal methods; to chastise; to correct. Has he disciplined Aufidius soundly Shak.

4. To inflict ecclesiastical censures and penalties upon.

Syn. -- To train; form; teach; instruct; bring up; regulate; correct; chasten; chastise; punish.

DISCIPLINER Dis"ci*plin*er, n.

Defn: One who disciplines.

DISCLAIM Dis*claim", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disclaimed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disclaiming.]

1. To renounce all claim to deny; ownership of, or responsibility for; to disown; to disavow; to reject. He calls the gods to witness their offense; Disclaims the war, asserts his innocence. Dryden. He disclaims the authority of Jesus. Farmer.

2. To deny, as a claim; to refuse. The payment was irregularly made, if not disclaimed. Milman.

3. (Law)

Defn: To relinquish or deny having a claim; to disavow another's claim; to decline accepting, as an estate, interest, or office. Burrill.

Syn. -- To disown; disavow; renounce; repudiate.

DISCLAIM Dis*claim", v. t.

Defn: To disavow or renounce all part, claim, or share. Blackstone. Disclaim in, Disclaim from, to disown; to disavow. [Obs.] "Nature disclaims in thee." Shak.

DISCLAIMER Dis*claim"er, n.

1. One who disclaims, disowns, or renounces.

2. (Law)

Defn: A denial, disavowal, or renunciation, as of a title, claim, interest, estate, or trust; relinquishment or waiver of an interest or estate. Burrill.

3. A public disavowal, as of pretensions, claims, opinions, and the like. Burke.

DISCLAMATION Dis`cla*ma"tion, n.

Defn: A disavowing or disowning. Bp. Hall.

DISCLAME Dis*clame", v. t.

Defn: To disclaim; to expel. [Obs.] "Money did love disclame." Spenser.

DISCLAUNDER Dis*claun"der, v. t. Etym: [From OE. disclaundre, n., for sclandre, esclandre, OF. esclandre. See Sclaundre, Slander.]

Defn: To injure one's good name; to slander. [Obs.]

DISCLOAK Dis*cloak", v. t.

Defn: To take off a cloak from; to uncloak. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DISCLOSE Dis*close", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disclosed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disclosing.] Etym: [OE. desclosen, disclosen, fr. disclos, desclos, not shut in, open, OF. desclos, p. p. of desclore to open, F. déclore; pref. des- (L. dis-) + clore to shut, fr. L. claudere to shut. See Close, and cf. Disclusion.]

1. To unclose; to open; -- applied esp. to eggs in the sense of to hatch. The ostrich layeth her eggs under sand, where the heat of the discloseth them. Bacon.

2. To remove a cover or envelope from;; to set free from inclosure; to uncover. The shells being broken, . . . the stone included in them is thereby disclosed and set at liberty. Woodward.

3. To lay open or expose to view; to cause to appear; to bring to light; to reveal. How softly on the Spanish shore she plays, Disclosing rock, and slope, and forest brown! Byron. Her lively looks a sprightly mind disclose. Pope.

4. To make known, as that which has been kept secret or hidden; to reveal; to expose; as, events have disclosed his designs. If I disclose my passion, Our friendship 's an end. Addison.

Syn. -- To uncover; open; unveil; discover; reveal; divulge; tell; utter.

DISCLOSE Dis*close", n.

Defn: Disclosure. [Obs.] Shak. Young.

DISCLOSED Dis*closed", p. a. (Her.)

Defn: Represented with wings expanded; -- applied to doves and other birds not of prey. Cussans.

DISCLOSER Dis*clos"er, n.

Defn: One who discloses.

DISCLOSURE Dis*clo"sure, n. Etym: [See Disclose, v. t., and cf. Closure.]

1. The act of disclosing, uncovering, or revealing; bringing to light; exposure. He feels it [his secret] beating at his heart, rising to his throat, and demanding disclosure. D. Webster.

2. That which is disclosed or revealed. Were the disclosures of 1695 forgotten Macaulay.

DISCLOUD Dis*cloud", v. t.

Defn: To clear from clouds. [Archaic] Fuller.

DISCLOUT Dis*clout", v. t.

Defn: To divest of a clout. [R.]

DISCLUSION Dis*clu"sion, n. Etym: [L. disclusio, fr. discludere, disclusum, to separate. See Disclose.]

Defn: A shutting off; exclusion. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DISCOAST Dis*coast", v. i. Etym: [Pref. dis- + coast: cf. It. discostare.]

Defn: To depart; to quit the coast (that is, the side or border) of anything; to be separated. [Obs.] As far as heaven and earth discoasted lie. G. Fletcher. To discoast from the plain and simple way of speech. Barrow.

DISCOBLASTIC Dis`co*blas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Applied to a form of egg cleavage seen in osseous fishes, which occurs only in a small disk that separates from the rest of the egg.

DISCOBOLUS Dis*cob"o*lus, n.; pl. Discoboli. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Fine Arts) (a) A thrower of the discus. (b) A statue of an athlete holding the discus, or about to throw it

Note: The Discobolus of Myron was a famous statue of antiquity, and several copies or imitations of it have been preserved.

DISCODACTYL Dis`co*dac"tyl, n. Etym: [See Discodactylia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the tree frogs.

DISCODACTYLIA Dis`co*dac*tyl"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of amphibians having suctorial disks on the toes, as the tree frogs.

DISCODACTYLOUS Dis`co*dac"tyl*ous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having sucking disks on the toes, as the tree frogs.

DISCOHERENT Dis`co*her"ent, a.

Defn: Incoherent. [R.]

DISCOID Dis"coid, a. Etym: [Gr. discoïde. See Disk.]

Defn: Having the form of a disk, as those univalve shells which have the whorls in one plane, so as to form a disk, as the pearly nautilus. Discoid flower (Bot.), a compound flower, consisting of tubular florets only, as a tansy, lacking the rays which are seen in the daisy and sunflower.

DISCOID Dis"coid, n.

Defn: Anything having the form of a discus or disk; particularly, a discoid shell.

DISCOIDAL Dis*coid"al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. discoïdal.]

Defn: Disk-shaped; discoid.

DISCOLITH Dis"co*lith, n. Etym: [Gr. -lith.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of a species of coccoliths, having an oval discoidal body, with a thick strongly refracting rim, and a thinner central portion. One of them measures about

DISCOLOR Dis*col"or, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discolored; p. pr. & vb. n. Discoloring.] Etym: [OE. descolouren, OF. descolorer, F. décolorer, fr. L. dis- + cololare, coloratum, to color, color color. See Color.] [Written also discolour.]

1. To alter the natural hue or color of; to change to a different color; to stain; to tinge; as, a drop of wine will discolor water; silver is discolored by sea water.

2. To alter the true complexion or appearance of; to put a false hue upon. To discolor all your ideas. Wat

DISCOLORATE Dis*col"or*ate, v. t.

Defn: To discolor. [R.] Fuller.

DISCOLORATION Dis*col`or*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. decoloration.]

1. The act of discoloring, or the state of being discolored; alteration of hue or appearance. Darwin.

2. A discolored spot; a stain. Arbuthnot.

DISCOLORED Dis*col"ored, a.

1. Altered in color;

2. Variegated; of divers colors. [R.] That ever wore discolored arms. Chapman.

DISCOMFIT Dis*com"fit, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discomfited; p. pr. & vb. n. Discomfiting.] Etym: [OF. desconfit, p. p. of desconfire, F. déconfire; fr. L. dis- + conficere to make ready, prepare, bring about. See Comfit, Fact.]

1. To scatter in fight; to put to rout; to defeat. And his proud foes discomfit in victorious field. Spenser.

2. To break up and frustrate the plans of; to balk Well, go with me and be not so discomfited. Shak.

Syn. -- To defeat; overthrow; overpower; vanquish; conquer; baffle; frustrate; confound; discourage.

DISCOMFIT Dis*com"fit, a.

Defn: Discomfited; overthrown. [Obs.]

DISCOMFIT Dis*com"fit, n.

Defn: Rout; overthrow; discomfiture. Such as discomfort as shall quite despoil him. Milton.

DISCOMFITURE Dis*com"fi*ture, n. Etym: [OF. desconfiture, F. déconfiture. See Discomfort, v. t., and cf. Comfiture.]

Defn: The act of discomfiting, or the state of being discomfited; rout; overthrow; defeat; frustration; confusion and dejection. Every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very great discomfiture. 1 Sam. xiv. 20. A hope destined to end . . . in discomfiture and disgrace. Macaulay.

DISCOMFORT Dis*com"fort, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discomforted; p. pr. & vb. n. Discomforting.] Etym: [OF. desconforter, F. déconforter, to discourage; pref. des- (L dis-) + conforter. See Comfort.]

1. To discourage; to deject. His funeral shall not be in our camp, Lest it discomfort us. Shak.

2. To destroy or disturb the comfort of; to deprive oas, a smoky chimney discomforts a family.

DISCOMFORT Dis*com"fort, n. Etym: [OF. desconfort, F. déconfort. See Discomfort, v. t.]

1. Discouragement. [Obs.] Shak.

2. Want of comfort; uneasiness, mental or physical; disturbance of peace; inquietude; pain; distress; sorrow. "An age of spiritual discomfort." M. Arnold. Strive against all the discomforts of thy sufferings. Bp. Hall.

DISCOMFORTABLE Dis*com"fort*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. desconfortable.]

1. Causing discomfort; occasioning uneasiness; making sad. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

2. Destitute of comfort; uncomfortable. [R.] A labyrinth of little discomfortable garrets. Thackeray. -- Dis*com"fort*a*ble*ness, n. [Obs.]

DISCOMMEND Dis`com*mend", v. t.

1. To mention with disapprobation; to blame; to disapprove. [R.] Spenser. By commending something in him that is good, and discommending the same fault in others. Jer. Taylor.

2. To expose to censure or ill favor; to put out of the good graces of any one. A compliance will discommend me to Mr. Coventry. Pepys.

DISCOMMENDABLE Dis`com*mend"a*ble, a.

Defn: Deserving, disapprobation or blame. -- Dis`com*mend"a*ble*ness, n.

DISCOMMENDATION Dis*com`men*da"tion, n.

Defn: Blame; censure; reproach. [R.] Ayliffe.

DISCOMMENDER Dis`com*mend"er, n.

Defn: One who discommends; a dispraiser. Johnson.

DISCOMMISSION Dis`com*mis"sion, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of a commission or trust. [R.] Laud.

DISCOMMODATE Dis*com"mo*date, v. t. Etym: [L. dis- + commodatus, p. p. of commodare to make fit or suitable, fr. commodus fit, commodious. See Commodious, and cf. Discommode.]

Defn: To discommode. [Obs.] Howell.

DISCOMMODE Dis`com*mode", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discommoded; p. pr. & vb. n. Discommoding.] Etym: [See Discommodate.]

Defn: To put inconvenience; to incommode; to trouble. [R.]

Syn. -- To incommode; annoy; inconvenience.

DISCOMMODIOUS Dis`com*mo"di*ous, a.

Defn: Inconvenient; troublesome; incommodious. [R.] Spenser. -- Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ly, adv. -- Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ness, n.

DISCOMMODITY Dis`com*mod"i*ty, n.

Defn: Disadvantage; inconvenience. Bacon.

DISCOMMON Dis*com"mon, v. t.

1. To deprive of the right of common. [R.] Bp. Hall.

2. To deprive of privileges. [R.] T. Warton.

3. (Law)

Defn: To deprive of commonable quality, as lands, by inclosing or appropriating. Burrill.

DISCOMMUNITY Dis`com*mu"ni*ty, n.

Defn: A lack of common possessions, properties, or relationship. Community of embryonic structure reveals community of descent; but dissimilarity of embryonic development does not prove discommunity of descent. Darwin.

DISCOMPANY Dis*com"pa*ny, v. t.

Defn: To free from company; to dissociate. [R.] It she be alone now, and discompanied. B. Jonson.

DISCOMPLEXION Dis`com*plex"ion, v. t.

Defn: To change the complexion or hue of. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DISCOMPLIANCE Dis`com*pli"ance, n.

Defn: Failure or refusal to comply; noncompliance. A compliance will discommend me to Mr. Coventry, and a discompliance to my lord chancellor. Pepys.

DISCOMPOSE Dis`com*pose", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discomposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Discomposing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + compose: cf. OF. decomposer, F. décomposer.]

1. To disarrange; to interfere with; to disturb; to disorder; to unsettle; to break up. Or discomposed the headdress of a prude. Pope.

2. To throw into disorder; to ruffle; to destroy the composure or equanimity; to agitate. Opposition . . . discomposeth the mind's serenity. Glanvill.

3. To put out of place or service; to discharge; to displace. [Obs.] Bacon.

Syn. -- To disorder; derange; unsettle; disturb; disconcert; agitate; ruffle; fret; vex.

DISCOMPOSED Dis`com*posed", a.

Defn: Disordered; disturbed; disquieted. -- Dis`com*pos"ed*ly, adv. -- Dis`com*pos"ed*ness, n.

DISCOMPOSITION Dis*com`po*si"tion, n.

Defn: Inconsistency; discordance. [Obs.] Donne.

DISCOMPOSURE Dis`com*po"sure, n.

1. The state of being discomposed; disturbance; disorder; agitation; perturbation. No discomposure stirred her features. Akenside.

2. Discordance; disagreement of parts. [Obs.] Boyle.

DISCOMPT Dis*compt", v. t. Etym: [See Discount.]

Defn: To discount. See Discount. Hudibras.

DISCONCERT Dis`con*cert", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disconcerted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disconcerting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + concert: cf. OF. desconcerter, F. déconcerter.]

1. To break up the harmonious progress of; to throw into disorder or confusion; as, the emperor disconcerted the plans of his enemy.

2. To confuse the faculties of; to disturb the composure of; to discompose; to abash. The embrace disconcerted the daughter-in-law somewhat, as the caresses of old gentlemen unshorn and perfumed with tobacco might well do. Thackeray.

Syn. -- To discompose; derange; ruffle; confuse; disturb; defeat; frustrate.

DISCONCERT Dis`con*cert", n.

Defn: Want of concert; disagreement. Sir W. Temple.

DISCONCERTION Dis`con*cer"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disconcerting, or state of being disconcerted; discomposure; perturbation. [R.] State Trials (1794).

DISCONDUCIVE Dis`con*du"cive, a.

Defn: Not conductive; impeding; disadvantageous. [R.]

DISCONFORMABLE Dis`con*form"a*ble, a.

Defn: Not conformable. Disconformable in religion from us. Stow (1603).

DISCONFORMITY Dis`con*form"i*ty, n.

Defn: Want of conformity or correspondence; inconsistency; disagreement. Those . . . in some disconformity to ourselves. Milton. Disagreement and disconformity betwixt the speech and the conception of the mind. Hakewill.

DISCONGRUITY Dis`con*gru"i*ty, n.

Defn: Incongruity; disagreement; unsuitableness. Sir M. Hale.

DISCONNECT Dis`con*nect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disconnected; p. pr. & vb. n. Disconnecting.]

Defn: To dissolve the union or connection of; to disunite; to sever; to separate; to disperse. The commonwealth itself would . . . be disconnected into the dust and powder of individuality. Burke. This restriction disconnects bank paper and the precious metals. Walsh.

DISCONNECTION Dis`con*nec"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disconnecting, or state of being disconnected; separation; want of union. Nothing was therefore to be left in all the subordinate members but weakness, disconnection, and confusion. Burke.

DISCONSECRATE Dis*con"se*crate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of consecration or sacredness. [R.]

DISCONSENT Dis`con*sent", v. i.

Defn: To differ; to disagree; to dissent. [Obs.] Milton.

DISCONSOLACY Dis*con"so*la`cy, n.

Defn: The state of being disconsolate. [Obs.] Barrow.

DISCONSOLATE Dis*con"so*late, n.

Defn: Disconsolateness. [Obs.] Barrow.

DISCONSOLATE Dis*con"so*late, a. Etym: [LL. disconsolatus; L. dis- + consolatus, p. p. of consolari to console. See Console, v. t.]

1. Destitute of consolation; deeply dejected and dispirited; hopelessly sad; comfortless; filled with grief; as, a bereaved and disconsolate parent. One morn a Peri at the gate Of Eden stood disconsolate. Moore. The ladies and the knights, no shelter nigh, Were dropping wet, disconsolate and wan. Dryden.

2. Inspiring dejection; saddening; cheerless; as, the disconsolate darkness of the winter nights. Ray.

Syn. -- Forlorn; melancholy; sorrowful; desolate; woeful; hopeless; gloomy. -- Dis*con"so*late*ly, adv. -- Dis*con"so*late*ness, n.

DISCONSOLATED Dis*con"so*la`ted, a.

Defn: Disconsolate. [Obs.] A poor, disconsolated, drooping creature. Sterne.

DISCONSOLATION Dis*con`so*la"tion, n.

Defn: Dejection; grief. [R.] Bp. Hall.

DISCONTENT Dis`con*tent", a.

Defn: Not content; discontented; dissatisfied. Jer. Taylor. Passion seemed to be much discontent, but Patience was very quiet. Bunyan.

DISCONTENT Dis`con*tent", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discontented; p. pr. & vb. n. Discontenting.]

Defn: To deprive if content; to make uneasy; to dissatisfy. Suckling.

DISCONTENT Dis`con*tent", n.

1. Want of content; uneasiness and inquietude of mind; dissatisfaction; disquiet. Now is the winter of our discontent Made glorious summer by this sun of York. Shak. The rapacity of his father's administration had excited such universal discontent. Hallam

2. A discontented person; a malcontent. [R.] Thus was the Scotch nation full of discontents. Fuller.

DISCONTENTATION Dis*con`ten*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Discontent. [Obs.] Ascham.

DISCONTENTED Dis`con*tent"ed, p. p. & a.

Defn: Dissatisfied; uneasy in mind; malcontent. And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him. 1 Sam. xxii. 2. -- Dis`con*tent"ed*ly, adv. -- Dis`con*tent"ed*ness, n.

DISCONTENTFUL Dis`con*tent"ful, a.

Defn: Full of discontent. [R.]

DISCONTENTING Dis`con*tent"ing, a.

1. Discontented. [Obs.] Shak.

2. Causing discontent; dissatisfying. Milton.

DISCONTENTIVE Dis`con*tent"ive, a.

Defn: Relating or tending to discontent. [R.] "Pride is ever discontentive." Feltham.

DISCONTENTMENT Dis`con*tent"ment, n.

Defn: The state of being discontented; uneasiness; inquietude. Bacon.

DISCONTINUABLE Dis`con*tin"u*a*ble, a.

Defn: Admitting of being discontinued. [R.]

DISCONTINUANCE Dis`con*tin"u*ance, n.

1. The act of discontinuing, or the state of being discontinued; want of continued connection or continuity; breaking off; cessation; interruption; as, a discontinuance of conversation or intercourse; discontinuance of a highway or of travel.

2. (Law) (a) A breaking off or interruption of an estate, which happened when an alienation was made by a tenant in tail, or other tenant, seized in right of another, of a larger estate than the tenant was entitled to, whereby the party ousted or injured was driven to his real

## action, and could not enter. This effect of such alienation is now

obviated by statute in both England and the United States. (b) The termination of an action in practice by the voluntary act of the plaintiff; an entry on the record that the plaintiff discontinues his action. (c) That technical interruption of the proceedings in pleading in an

## action, which follows where a defendant does not answer the whole of

the plaintiff's declaration, and the plaintiff omits to take judgment for the part unanswered. Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.

Syn. -- Cessation; intermission; discontinuation; separation; disunion; disjunction; disruption; break.

DISCONTINUATION Dis`con*tin`u*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. discontinuation.]

Defn: Breach or interruption of continuity; separation of parts in a connected series; discontinuance. Upon any discontinuation of parts, made either by bubbles or by shaking the glass, the whole mercury falls. Sir I. Newton.

DISCONTINUE Dis`con*tin"ue, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discontinued; p. pr. & vb. n. Discontinuing.] Etym: [Cf. F. discontinuer.]

Defn: To interrupt the continuance of; to intermit, as a practice or habit; to put an end to; to cause to cease; to cease using, to stop; to leave off. Set up their conventicles again, which had been discontinued. Bp. Burnet. I have discontinued school Above a twelvemonth. Shak. Taught the Greek tongue, discontinued before in these parts the space of seven hundred years. Daniel. They modify and discriminate the voice, without appearing to discontinue it. Holder.

DISCONTINUE Dis`con*tin"ue, v. i.

1. To lose continuity or cohesion of parts; to be disrupted or broken off. Bacon.

2. To be separated or severed; to part. Thyself shalt discontinue from thine heritage. Jer. xvii. 4.

DISCONTINUEE Dis`con*tin`u*ee", n. (Law)

Defn: One whose possession of an estate is broken off, or discontinued; one whose estate is subject to discontinuance.

DISCONTINUER Dis`con*tin"u*er, n.

Defn: One who discontinues, or breaks off or away from; an absentee. He was no gadder abroad, not discontinuer from his convent for a long time. Fuller.

DISCONTINUITY Dis*con`ti*nu"i*ty, n.

Defn: Want of continuity or cohesion; disunion of parts. "Discontinuity of surface." Boyle.

DISCONTINUOR Dis`con*tin"u*or, n. (Law)

Defn: One who deprives another of the possession of an estate by discontinuance. See Discontinuance, 2.

DISCONTINUOUS Dis`con*tin"u*ous, a.

1. Not continuous; interrupted; broken off. A path that is zigzag, discontinuous, and intersected at every turn by human negligence. De Quincey.

2. Exhibiting a dissolution of continuity; gaping. "Discontinuous wound." Milton. Discontinuous function (Math.), a function which for certain values or between certain values of the variable does not vary continuously as the variable increases. The discontinuity may, for example, consist of an abrupt change in the value of the function, or an abrupt change in its law of variation, or the function may become imaginary.

DISCONVENIENCE Dis`con*ven"ience, n.

Defn: Unsuitableness; incongruity. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISCONVENIENT Dis`con*ven"ient, a.

Defn: Not convenient or congruous; unsuitable; ill-adapted. [Obs.] Bp. Reynolds.

DISCOPHORA Dis*coph"o*ra, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. to bear.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of acalephs or jellyfishes, including most of the large disklike species. -- Dis*coph"o*rous, a.

DISCORD Dis"cord`, n. Etym: [OE. discord, descord, OF. discorde, descorde, F. discorde, from L. discordia, fr. discors, -cordis, discordant, disagreeable; dis- + cor, cordis, heart; cf. F. discord, n., and OF. descorder, discorder, F. discorder, to discord, L. discordare, from discors. See Heart, and cf. Discord, v. i.]

1. Want of concord or agreement; absence of unity or harmony in sentiment or action; variance leading to contention and strife; disagreement; -- applied to persons or to things, and to thoughts, feelings, or purposes. A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren. Prov. vi. 19. Peace to arise out of universal discord fomented in all parts of the empire. Burke.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: Union of musical sounds which strikes the ear harshly or disagreeably, owing to the incommensurability of the vibrations which they produce; want of musical concord or harmony; a chord demanding resolution into a concord. For a discord itself is but a harshness of divers sounds mBacon. Apple of discord. See under Apple.

Syn. -- Variance; difference; opposition; contrariety; clashing; dissension; contention; strife; disagreement; dissonance.

DISCORD Dis*cord", v. i. Etym: [OE. discorden, descorden, from the French. See Discord, n.]

Defn: To disagree; to be discordant; to jar; to clash; not to suit. [Obs.] The one discording with the other. Bacon.

DISCORDABLE Dis*cord"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. descordable.]

Defn: That may produce discord; disagreeing; discordant. [R.] Halliwell.

DISCORDANCE; DISCORDANCY Dis*cord"ance, Dis*cord"an*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. discordance.]

Defn: State or quality of being discordant; disagreement; inconsistency. There will arise a thousand discordances of opinion. I. Taylor.

DISCORDANT Dis*cord"ant, a. Etym: [OE. discordant, descordaunt, OF. descordant, discordant, F. discordant, p. pr. of discorder, OF. also, descorder. See Discord, n.]

1. Disagreeing; incongruous; being at variance; clashing; opposing; not harmonious. The discordant elements out of which the emperor had compounded his realm did not coalesce. Motley.

2. Etym: [See Discord, n.,

2.] (Mus.)

Defn: Dissonant; not in harmony or musical concord; harsh; jarring; as, discordant notes or sounds. For still their music seemed to start Discordant echoes in each heart. Longfellow.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: Said of strata which lack conformity in direction of bedding, either as in unconformability, or as caused by a fault.

Syn. -- Disagreeing; incongruous; contradictory; repugnant; opposite; contrary; inconsistent; dissonant; harsh; jarring; irreconcilable. -- Dis*cord"ant*ly, adv. -- Dis*cord"ant*ness, n. [R.]

DISCORDFUL Dis*cord"ful, a.

Defn: Full of discord; contentious. [Obs.] "His discordful dame." Spenser.

DISCORDOUS Dis*cord"ous, a.

Defn: Full of discord. [Obs.]

DISCORPORATE Dis*cor"po*rate, a.

Defn: Deprived of the privileges or form of a body corporate. [Obs.] Jas. II.

DISCORRESPONDENT Dis*cor`re*spond"ent, a.

Defn: Incongruous. W. Montagu.

DISCOST Dis*cost", v. i.

Defn: Same as Discoast. [Obs.]

DISCOUNSEL Dis*coun"sel, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + counsel: cf. OF. desconseiller.]

Defn: To dissuade. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISCOUNT Dis"count`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discounted; p. pr. & vb. n. Discounting.] Etym: [OF. desconter, descompter, to deduct, F. décompter to discount; pref. des- (L. dis-) + conter, compter. See Count, v.]

1. To deduct from an account, debt, charge, and the like; to make an abatement of; as, merchants sometimes discount five or six per cent for prompt payment of bills.

2. To lend money upon, deducting the discount or allowance for interest; as, the banks discount notes and bills of exchange. Discount only unexceptionable paper. Walsh.

3. To take into consideration beforehand; to anticipate and form conclusions concerning (an event).

4. To leave out of account; to take no notice of. [R.] Of the three opinions (I discount Brown's). Sir W. Hamilton.

DISCOUNT Dis"count`, v. i.

Defn: To lend, or make a practice of lending, money, abating the discount; as, the discount for sixty or ninety days.

DISCOUNT Dis"count`, n. Etym: [Cf. F. décompte. See Discount, v. t.]

1. A counting off or deduction made from a gross sum on any account whatever; an allowance upon an account, debt, demand, price asked, and the like; something taken or deducted.

2. A deduction made for interest, in advancing money upon, or purchasing, a bill or note not due; payment in advance of interest upon money.

3. The rate of interest charged in discounting. At a discount, below par, or below the nominal value; hence, colloquially, out of favor; poorly esteemed; depreciated. -- Bank discount, a sum equal to the interest at a given rate on the principal (face) of a bill or note from the time of discounting until it become due. -- Discount broker, one who makes a business of discounting commercial paper; a bill broker. -- Discount day, a particular day of the week when a bank discounts bills. -- True discount, the interest which, added to a principal, will equal the face of a note when it becomes due. The principal yielding this interest is the present value of the note.

DISCOUNTABLE Dis*count"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being, or suitable to be, discounted; as, certain forms are necessary to render notes discountable at a bank.

DISCOUNTENANCE Dis*coun"te*nance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discountenanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Discountenancing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + countenance: cf. OF. descontenancer, F. décontenancer.]

1. To ruffle or discompose the countenance of; to put of countenance; to put to shame; to abash. How would one look from his majestic brow . . . Discountenance her despised! Milton. The hermit was somewhat discountenanced by this observation. Sir W. Scott.

2. To refuse to countenance, or give the support of one's approval to; to give one's influence against; to restrain by cold treatment; to discourage. A town meeting was convened to discountenance riot. Bancroft.

DISCOUNTENANCE Dis*coun"te*nance, n.

Defn: Unfavorable aspect; unfriendly regard; cold treatment; disapprobation; whatever tends to check or discourage. He thought a little discountenance on those persons would suppress that spirit. Clarendon.

DISCOUNTENANCER Dis*coun"te*nan*cer, n.

Defn: One who discountenances; one who disfavors. Bacon.

DISCOUNTER Dis"count`er, n.

Defn: One who discounts; a discount broker. Burke.

DISCOURAGE Dis*cour"age (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discouraged; p. pr. & vb. n. Discouraging.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + courage: cf. OF. descoragier, F. décourager: pref. des- (L. dis-) + corage, F. courage. See Courage.]

1. To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject; -- the opposite of encourage; as, he was discouraged in his undertaking; he need not be discouraged from a like attempt. Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be discouraged. Col. iii. 21.

2. To dishearten one with respect to; to discountenance; to seek to check by disfavoring; to deter one from; as, they discouraged his efforts.

Syn. -- To dishearten; dispirit; depress; deject; dissuade; disfavor.

DISCOURAGE Dis*cour"age, n.

Defn: Lack of courage; cowardliness.

DISCOURAGEABLE Dis*cour"age*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being discouraged; easily disheartened. Bp. Hall.

DISCOURAGEMENT Dis*cour"age*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. descouragement, F. découragement.]

1. The act of discouraging, or the state of being discouraged; depression or weakening of confidence; dejection.

2. That which discourages; that which deters, or tends to deter, from an undertaking, or from the prosecution of anything; a determent; as, the revolution was commenced under every possible discouragement. "Discouragements from vice." Swift.

DISCOURAGER Dis*cour"a*ger, n.

Defn: One who discourages. The promoter of truth and the discourager of error. Sir G. C. Lewis.

DISCOURAGING Dis*cour"a*ging, a.

Defn: Causing or indicating discouragement. -- Dis*cour"a*ging*ly, adv.

DISCOURE Dis*coure", v. t.

Defn: To discover. [Obs.] That none might her discoure. Spenser.

DISCOURSE Dis*course", n. Etym: [L. discursus a running to and fro, discourse, fr. discurrere, discursum, to run to and fro, to discourse; dis- + currere to run: cf. F. discours. See Course.]

1. The power of the mind to reason or infer by running, as it were, from one fact or reason to another, and deriving a conclusion; an exercise or act of this power; reasoning; range of reasoning faculty. [Obs.] Difficult, strange, and harsh to the discourses of natural reason. South. Sure he that made us with such large discourse, Looking before and after, gave us not That capability and godlike reason To fust in us unused. Shak.

2. Conversation; talk. In their discourses after supper. Shak. Filling the head with variety of thoughts, and the mouth with copious discourse. Locke.

3. The art and manner of speaking and conversing. Of excellent breeding, admirable discourse. Shak.

4. Consecutive speech, either written or unwritten, on a given line of thought; speech; treatise; dissertation; sermon, etc.; as, the preacher gave us a long discourse on duty.

5. Dealing; transaction. [Obs.] Good Captain Bessus, tell us the discourse Betwixt Tigranes and our king, and how We got the victory. Beau. & Fl.

DISCOURSE Dis*course", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Discoursed; p. pr. & vb. n. Discoursing.]

1. To exercise reason; to employ the mind in judging and inferring; to reason. [Obs.] "Have sense or can discourse." Dryden.

2. To express one's self in oral discourse; to expose one's views; to talk in a continuous or formal manner; to hold forth; to speak; to converse. Bid me discourse, I will enchant thine ear. Shak.

3. To relate something; to tell. Shak.

4. To treat of something in writing and formally.

DISCOURSE Dis*course", v. t.

1. To treat of; to expose or set forth in language. [Obs.] The life of William Tyndale . . . is sufficiently and at large discoursed in the book. Foxe.

2. To utter or give forth; to speak. It will discourse mosShak.

3. To talk to; to confer with. [Obs.] I have spoken to my brother, who is the patron, to discourse the minister about it. Evelyn.

DISCOURSER Dis*cours"er, n.

1. One who discourse; a narrator; a speaker; an haranguer. In his conversation he was the most clear discourser. Milward.

2. The writer of a treatise or dissertation. Philologers and critical discoursers. Sir T. Browne.

DISCOURSIVE Dis*cours"ive, a. Etym: [See Discursive.]

1. Reasoning; characterized by reasoning; passing from premises to consequences; discursive. Milton.

2. Containing dialogue or conversation; interlocutory. The epic is everywhere interlaced with dialogue or discoursive scenes. Dryden.

3. Inclined to converse; conversable; communicative; as, a discoursive man. [R.]

DISCOURSIVE Dis*cours"ive, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being discoursive or able to reason. [R.] Feltham.

DISCOURTEOUS Dis*cour"te*ous (; see Courteous, 277), a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + courteous: cf. OF. discortois.]

Defn: Uncivil; rude; wanting in courtesy or good manners; uncourteous. -- Dis*cour"te*ous*ly, adv. -- Dis*cour"te*ous*ness, n.

DISCOURTESY Dis*cour"te*sy, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + courtesy: cf. OF. descourtoisie.]

Defn: Rudeness of behavior or language; ill manners; manifestation of disrespect; incivility. Be calm in arguing; for fierceness makes Error a fault, and truth discourtesy. Herbert.

DISCOURTSHIP Dis*court"ship, n.

Defn: Want of courtesy. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DISCOUS Disc"ous, a. Etym: [L. discus disk. See Disk.]

Defn: Disklike; discoid.

DISCOVENANT Dis*cov"e*nant, v. t.

Defn: To dissolve covenant with.

DISCOVER Dis*cov"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discovered; p. pr. & vb. n. Discovering.] Etym: [OE. discoveren, discuren, descuren, OF. descovrir, descouvrir, F. découvrir; des- (L. dis-) + couvrir to cover. See Cover.]

1. To uncover. [Obs.] Whether any man hath pulled down or discovered any church. Abp. Grindal.

2. To disclose; to lay open to view; to make visible; to reveal; to make known; to show (what has been secret, unseen, or unknown). Go, draw aside the curtains, and discover The several caskets to this noble prince. Shak. Prosperity doth best discover vice; but adversity doth best discover virtue. Bacon. We will discover ourselves unto them. 1 Sam. xiv. 8. Discover not a secret to another. Prov. xxv. 9.

3. To obtain for the first time sight or knowledge of, as of a thing existing already, but not perceived or known; to find; to ascertain; to espy; to detect. Some to discover islands far away. Shak.

4. To manifest without design; to show. The youth discovered a taste for sculpture. C. J. Smith.

5. To explore; to examine. [Obs.]

Syn. -- To disclose; bring out; exhibit; show; manifest; reveal; communicate; impart; tell; espy; find; out; detect. -- To Discover, Invent. We discover what existed before, but remained unknown; we invent by forming combinations which are either entirely new, or which attain their end by means unknown before. Columbus discovered America; Newton discovered the law of gravitation; Whitney invented the cotton gin; Galileo invented the telescope.

DISCOVER Dis*cov"er, v. i.

Defn: To discover or show one's self. [Obs.] This done, they discover. Decke Nor was this the first time that they discovered to be followers of this world. Milton.

DISCOVERABILITY Dis*cov`er*a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being discoverable. [R.] Carlyle.

DISCOVERABLE Dis*cov"er*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being discovered, found out, or perceived; as, many minute animals are discoverable only by the help of the microscope; truths discoverable by human industry.

DISCOVERER Dis*cov"er*er, n.

1. One who discovers; one who first comes to the knowledge of something; one who discovers an unknown country, or a new principle, truth, or fact. The discoverers and searchers of the land. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. A scout; an explorer. Shak.

DISCOVERMENT Dis*cov"er*ment, n.

Defn: Discovery. [Obs.]

DISCOVERT Dis*cov"ert, a. Etym: [Cf. F. découvert uncovered, OF. descovert. See Discover, Covert.] (Law)

Defn: Not covert; not within the bonds of matrimony; unmarried; -- applied either to a woman who has never married or to a widow.

DISCOVERT Dis*cov"ert, n.

Defn: An uncovered place or part. [Obs.] At discovert, uncovered. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISCOVERTURE Dis*cov"er*ture, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + coverture: cf. OF. descoverture.]

1. Discovery. [Obs.]

2. (Law)

Defn: A state of being released from coverture; freedom of a woman from the coverture of a husband.

DISCOVERY Dis*cov"er*y, n.; pl. Discoveries (.

1. The action of discovering; exposure to view; laying open; showing; as, the discovery of a plot.

2. A making known; revelation; disclosure; as, a bankrupt is bound to make a full discovery of his assets. In the clear discoveries of the next [world]. South.

3. Finding out or ascertaining something previously unknown or unrecognized; as, Harvey's discovery of the circulation of the blood. A brilliant career of discovery and conquest. Prescott. We speak of the "invention" of printing, the discovery of America. Trench.

4. That which is discovered; a thing found out, or for the first time ascertained or recognized; as, the properties of the magnet were an important discovery.

5. Exploration; examination. [Obs.]

DISCOVERY DAY Dis*cov"er*y Day.

Defn: = Columbus Day, above.

DISCRADLE Dis*cra"dle, v. t.

Defn: To take from a cradle. [R.] This airy apparition first discradled From Tournay into Portugal. Ford.

DISCREDIT Dis*cred"it, n. Etym: [Cf. F. discrédit.]

1. The act of discrediting or disbelieving, or the state of being discredited or disbelieved; as, later accounts have brought the story into discredit.

2. Hence, some degree of dishonor or disesteem; ill repute; reproach; -- applied to persons or things. It is the duty of every Christian to be concerned for the reputation or discredit his life may bring on his profession. Rogers.

Syn. -- Disesteem; disrepute; dishonor; disgrace; ignominy; scandal; disbelief; distrust.

DISCREDIT Dis*cred"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discredited; p. pr. & vb. n. Discrediting.] Etym: [Cf. F. discréditer.]

1. To refuse credence to; not to accept as true; to disbelieve; as, the report is discredited.

2. To deprive of credibility; to destroy confidence or trust in; to cause disbelief in the accuracy or authority of. An occasion might be given to the . . . papists of discrediting our common English Bible. Strype.

2. To deprive of credit or good repute; to bring reproach upon; to make less reputable; to disgrace. He. . . least discredits his travels who returns the same man he went. Sir H. Wotton.

DISCREDITABLE Dis*cred"it*a*ble, a.

Defn: Not creditable; injurious to reputation; disgraceful; disreputable. -- Dis*cred"it*a*bly, adv.

DISCREDITOR Dis*cred"it*or, n.

Defn: One who discredits.

DISCREET Dis*creet", a. [Compar. Discreeter; superl. Discreetest.] Etym: [F. discret, L. discretus separated (whence the meaning reserved, prudent), p. p. of discernere. See Discern, and cf. Discrete.]

1. Possessed of discernment, especially in avoiding error or evil, and in the adaptation of means to ends; prudent; sagacious; judicious; not rash or heedless; cautious. It is the discreet man, not the witty, nor the learned, nor the brave, who guides the conversation, and gives measures to society. Addison. Satire 's my weapon, but I 'm too discreet To run amuck, and tilt at all I meet. Pope. The sea is silent, the sea is discreet. Longfellow.

2. Differing; distinct. [Obs.] Spenser. -- Dis*creet"ly, adv. -- Dis*creet"ness, n.

DISCREPANCE; DISCREPANCY Dis*crep"ance, Dis*crep"an*cy, n.; pl. -ances, -ancies. Etym: [L. disrepantia: cf. OF. discrepance. See Discrepant.]

Defn: The state or quality of being discrepant; disagreement; variance; discordance; dissimilarity; contrariety. There hath been ever a discrepance of vesture of youth and age, men and women. Sir T. Elyot. There is no real discrepancy between these two genealogies. G. S. Faber.

DISCREPANT Dis*crep"ant, a. Etym: [L. discrepans, -antis, p. pr. of discrepare to sound differently or discordantly; dis- + crepare to rattle, creak: cf. OF. discrepant. See Crepitate.]

Defn: Discordant; at variance; disagreeing; contrary; different. The Egyptians were . . . the most oddly discrepant from the rest in their manner of worship. Cudworth.

DISCREPANT Dis*crep"ant, n.

Defn: A dissident. J. Taylor.

DISCRETE Dis*crete", a. Etym: [L. discretus, p. p. of discernere. See Discreet.]

1. Separate; distinct; disjunct. Sir M. Hale.

2. Disjunctive; containing a disjunctive or discretive clause; as, "I resign my life, but not my honor," is a discrete proposition.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Separate; not coalescent; -- said of things usually coalescent. Discrete movement. See Concrete movement of the voice, under Concrete, a. -- Discrete proportion, proportion where the ratio of the means is different from that of either couplet; as, 3:6::8:16, 3 bearing the same proportion to 6 as 8 does to 16. But 3 is not to 6 as 6 to 8. It is thus opposed to continued or continual proportion; as, 3:6::12:24. -- Discrete quantity, that which must be divided into units, as number, and is opposed to continued quantity, as duration, or extension.

DISCRETE Dis*crete", v. t.

Defn: To separate. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DISCRETELY Dis*crete"ly, adv.

Defn: Separately; disjunctively.

DISCRETION Dis*cre"tion, n. Etym: [F. discrétion, L. discretio separation, difference, discernment, fr. discernere, discretum. See Discreet, Discern.]

1. Disjunction; separation. [Obs.] Mede.

2. The quality of being discreet; wise conduct and management; cautious discernment, especially as to matters of propriety and self- control; prudence; circumspection; wariness. The better part of valor is discretion. Shak. The greatest parts without discretion may be fatal to their owner. Hume.

3. Discrimination. Well spoken, with good accent and good discretion. Shak.

4. Freedom to act according to one's own judgment; unrestrained exercise of choice or will. At discretion, without conditions or stipulations.

DISCRETIONAL; DISCRETIONARY Dis*cre"tion*al, Dis*cre"tion*a*ry,Etym: [Cf. F. discrétionnaire.]

Defn: Left to discretion; unrestrained except by discretion or judgment; as, an ambassador with discretionary powers.

DISCRETIONALLY; DISCRETIONARILY Dis*cre"tion*al*ly, Dis*cre"tion*a*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: At discretion; according to one's discretion or judgment.

DISCRETIVE Dis*cre"tive, a. Etym: [L. discretivus. See Discrete.]

Defn: Marking distinction or separation; disjunctive. Discretive proposition (Logic & Gram.), one that expresses distinction, opposition, or variety, by means of discretive particles, as but, though, yet, etc.; as, travelers change their climate, but not their temper.

DISCRETIVELY Dis*cre"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a discretive manner.

DISCRIMINABLE Dis*crim"i*na*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being discriminated. [Obs.] Bailey.

DISCRIMINAL Dis*crim"i*nal, a. Etym: [L. discriminalis serving to divide.]

Defn: In palmistry, applied to the line which marks the separation between the hand and the arm.

DISCRIMINANT Dis*crim"i*nant, n. Etym: [L. discriminans, p. pr. of discriminare.] (Math.)

Defn: The eliminant of the n partial differentials of any homogenous function of n variables. See Eliminant.

DISCRIMINATE Dis*crim"i*nate, a. Etym: [L. discriminatus, p. p. of discriminare to divide, separate, fr. discrimen division, distinction, decision, fr. discernere. See Discern, and cf. Criminate.]

Defn: Having the difference marked; distinguished by certain tokens. Bacon.

DISCRIMINATE Dis*crim"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discriminated; p. pr. & vb. n. Discriminating.]

Defn: To set apart as being different; to mark as different; to separate from another by discerning differences; to distinguish. Cowper. To discriminate the goats from the sheep. Barrow.

DISCRIMINATE Dis*crim"i*nate, v. i.

1. To make a difference or distinction; to distinguish accurately; as, in judging of evidence, we should be careful to discriminate between probability and slight presumption.

2. (a) To treat unequally. (b) (Railroads) To impose unequal tariffs for substantially the same service.

DISCRIMINATELY Dis*crim"i*nate*ly, adv.

Defn: In a discriminating manner; distinctly.

DISCRIMINATENESS Dis*crim"i*nate*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being discriminated; distinctness.

DISCRIMINATING Dis*crim"i*na`ting, a.

Defn: Marking a difference; distinguishing. -- Dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly, adv. And finds with keen discriminating sight, Black's not so black; -- nor white so very white. Canning.

DISCRIMINATION Dis*crim`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. discriminatio the contrasting of opposite thoughts.]

1. The act of discriminating, distinguishing, or noting and marking differences. To make an anxious discrimination between the miracle absolute and providential. Trench.

2. The state of being discriminated, distinguished, or set apart. Sir J. Reynolds.

3. (Railroads)

Defn: The arbitrary imposition of unequal tariffs for substantially the same service. A difference in rates, not based upon any corresponding difference in cost, constitutes a case of discrimination. A. T. Hadley.

4. The quality of being discriminating; faculty of nicely distinguishing; acute discernment; as, to show great discrimination in the choice of means.

5. That which discriminates; mark of distinction.

Syn. -- Discernment; penetration; clearness; acuteness; judgment; distinction. See Discernment.

DISCRIMINATIVE Dis*crim"i*na*tive, a.

1. Marking a difference; distinguishing; distinctive; characteristic. That peculiar and discriminative form of life. Johnson.

2. Observing distinctions; making differences; discriminating. "Discriminative censure." J. Foster. "Discriminative Providence." Dr. H. More.

DISCRIMINATIVELY Dis*crim"i*na*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: With discrimination or distinction. J. Foster.

DISCRIMINATOR Dis*crim"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [LL.]

Defn: One who discriminates.

DISCRIMINATORY Dis*crim"i*na*to*ry, a.

Defn: Discriminative.

DISCRIMINOUS Dis*crim"i*nous, a. Etym: [LL. discriminosus, fr. L. discrimen the dangerous, decisive moment. See Discriminate, a.]

Defn: Hazardous; dangerous. [Obs.] Harvey.

DISCRIVE Dis*crive", v. t. Etym: [OF. descrivre. See Describe.]

Defn: To describe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISCROWN Dis*crown", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discrowned; p. pr. & vb. n. Discrowning.]

Defn: To deprive of a crown. The end had crowned the work; it not unreasonably discrowned the workman. Motley.

DISCRUCIATE Dis*cru"ci*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discruciated; p. pr. & vb. n. Discruciating.] Etym: [L. discruciatus, p. p. of discruciare. See Cruciate.]

Defn: To torture; to excruciate. [Obs.] Discruciate a man in deep distress. Herrick.

DISCUBITORY Dis*cu"bi*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. discumbere, discubitum, to lie down, recline at table; dis- + cumbere (in comp.) to lie down.]

Defn: Leaning; fitted for a reclining posture. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DISCULPATE Dis*cul"pate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disculpated; p. pr. & vb. n. Disculpating.] Etym: [LL. disculpatus, p. p. of disculpare to disculpate; dis- + L. culpare to blame, culpa fault.]

Defn: To free from blame or the imputation of a fault; to exculpate. I almost fear you think I begged it, but I can disculpate myself. Walpole.

DISCULPATION Dis`cul*pa"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. disculpation.]

Defn: Exculpation. Burke.

DISCULPATORY Dis*cul"pa*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to exculpate; exculpatory.

DISCUMBENCY Dis*cum"ben*cy, n. Etym: [From L. discumbens, p. pr. of discumbere. See Discubitory.]

Defn: The act of reclining at table according to the manner of the ancients at their meals. Sir T. Browne.

DISCUMBER Dis*cum"ber, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + cumber: cf. OF. descombrer.]

Defn: To free from that which cumbers or impedes; to disencumber. [Archaic] Pope.

DISCURE Dis*cure", v. t. Etym: [See Discover.]

Defn: To discover; to reveal; to discoure. [Obs.] I will, if please you it discure, assay To ease you of that ill, so wisely as I may. Spenser.

DISCURRENT Dis*cur"rent, a.

Defn: Not current or free to circulate; not in use. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

DISCURSION Dis*cur"sion, n. Etym: [LL. discursio a running different ways. See Discourse.]

Defn: The act of discoursing or reasoning; range, as from thought to thought. Coleridge.

DISCURSIST Dis*cur"sist, n.

Defn: A discourser. [Obs.] L. Addison.

DISCURSIVE Dis*cur"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. discursif. See Discourse, and cf. Discoursive.]

1. Passing from one thing to another; ranging over a wide field; roving; digressive; desultory. "Discursive notices." De Quincey. The power he [Shakespeare] delights to show is not intense, but discursive. Hazlitt. A man rather tacit than discursive. Carlyle.

2. Reasoning; proceeding from one ground to another, as in reasoning; argumentative. Reason is her being, Discursive or intuitive. Milton. -- Dis*cur"sive*ly, adv. -- Dis*cur"sive*ness, n.

DISCURSORY Dis*cur`so*ry, a.

Defn: Argumentative; discursive; reasoning. [R.] Bp. Hall.

DISCURSUS Dis*cur"sus, n. Etym: [L.] (Logic)

Defn: Argumentation; ratiocination; discursive reasoning.

DISCUS Dis"cus, n.; pl. E. Discuses, L. Disci. Etym: [L. See Disk.]

1. (a) A quoit; a circular plate of some heavy material intended to be pitched or hurled as a trial of strength and skill. (b) The exercise with the discus.

Note: This among the Greeks was one of the chief gymnastic exercises and was included in the Pentathlon (the contest of the five exercises). The chief contest was that of throwing the discus to the greatest possible distance.

2. A disk. See Disk.

DISCUSS Dis*cuss", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Discussed; p. pr. & vb. n. Discussing.] Etym: [L. discussus, p. p. of discutere to strike asunder (hence came the sense to separate mentally, distinguish); dis- + quatere to shake, strike. See Quash.]

1. To break to pieces; to shatter. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. To break up; to disperse; to scatter; to dissipate; to drive away; -- said especially of tumors. Many arts were used to discuss the beginnings of new affection. Sir H. Wotton. A pomade . . . of virtue to discuss pimples. Rambler.

3. To shake; to put away; to finish. [Obs.] All regard of shame she had discussed. Spenser.

4. To examine in detail or by disputation; to reason upon by presenting favorable and adverse considerations; to debate; to sift; to investigate; to ventilate. "We sat and . . . discussed the farm . . . and the price of grain." Tennyson. "To discuss questions of taste." Macaulay.

5. To deal with, in eating or drinking. [Colloq.] We sat quietly down and discussed a cold fowl that we had brought with us. Sir S. Baker.

6. (Law)

Defn: To examine or search thoroughly; to exhaust a remedy against, as against a principal debtor before proceeding against the surety. Burrill.

Syn. -- To Discuss, Examine, Debate. We speak of examining a subject when we ponder it with care, in order to discover its real state, or the truth respecting it. We speak of discussing a topic when we examine it thoroughly in its distinct parts. The word is very commonly applied to matters of opinion. We may discuss a subject without giving in an adhesion to any conclusion. We speak of debating a point when we examine it in mutual argumentation between opposing parties. In debate we contend for or against some conclusion or view.

DISCUSSER Dis*cuss"er, n.

Defn: One who discusses; one who sifts or examines. Wood.

DISCUSSION Dis*cus"sion, n. Etym: [L. discussio a shaking, examination, discussion: cf. F. discussion.]

1. The act or process of discussing by breaking up, or dispersing, as a tumor, or the like.

2. The act of discussing or exchanging reasons; examination by argument; debate; disputation; agitation. The liberty of discussion is the great safeguard of all other liberties. Macaulay. Discussion of a problem or an equation (Math.), the operation of assigning different reasonable values to the arbitrary quantities and interpreting the result. Math. Dict.

DISCUSSIONAL Dis*cus"sion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to discussion.

DISCUSSIVE Dis*cuss"ive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. discussif.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: Able or tending to discuss or disperse tumors or coagulated matter.

2. Doubt-dispelling; decisive. [R.] A kind of peremptory and discussive voice. Hopkins.

DISCUSSIVE Dis*cuss"ive, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that discusses or disperses morbid humors; a discutient.

DISCUTIENT Dis*cu"tient, a. Etym: [L. discutiens, p. pr. of discutere. See Discuss.] (Med.)

Defn: Serving to disperse morbid matter; discussive; as, a discutient application. -- n.

Defn: An agent (as a medicinal application) which serves to disperse morbid matter. "Foment with discutiens." Wiseman.

DISDAIN Dis*dain", n. Etym: [OE. desdain, disdein, OF. desdein, desdaing, F. dédain, fr. the verb. See Disdain, v. t.]

1. A feeling of contempt and aversion; the regarding anything as unworthy of or beneath one; scorn. How my soul is moved with just disdain! Pope.

Note: Often implying an idea of haughtiness. Disdain and scorn ride sparkling in her eyes. Shak.

2. That which is worthy to be disdained or regarded with contempt and aversion. [Obs.] Most loathsome, filthy, foul, and full of vile disdain. Spenser.

3. The state of being despised; shame. [Obs.] Shak.

Syn. -- Haughtiness; scorn; contempt; arrogance; pride. See Haughtiness.

DISDAIN Dis*dain", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disdained; p. pr. & vb. n. Disdaining.] Etym: [OE. disdainen, desdainen, OF. desdeigner, desdaigner, F. dédaigner; des- (L. dis-) + daigner to deign, fr. L. dignari to deem worthy. See Deign.]

1. To think unworthy; to deem unsuitable or unbecoming; as, to disdain to do a mean act. Disdaining . . . that any should bear the armor of the best knight living. Sir P. Sidney.

2. To reject as unworthy of one's self, or as not deserving one's notice; to look with scorn upon; to scorn, as base acts, character, etc. When the Philistine . . . saw Dawid, he disdained him; for he was but a youth. 1 Sam. xvii. 42. 'T is great, 't manly to disdain disguise. Young.

Syn. -- To contemn; despise; scorn. See Contemn.

DISDAIN Dis*dain", v. i.

Defn: To be filled with scorn; to feel contemptuous anger; to be haughty. And when the chief priests and scribes saw the marvels that he did . . . they disdained. Genevan Testament (Matt. xxi. 15).

DISDAINED Dis*dained", a.

Defn: Disdainful. [Obs.] Revenge the jeering and disdained contempt Of this proud king. Shak.

DISDAINFUL Dis*dain"ful, a.

Defn: Full of disdain; expressing disdain; scornful; contemptuous; haughty. From these Turning disdainful to an equal good. Akenside. -- Dis*dain"ful*ly, adv. -- Dis*dain"ful*ness, n.

DISDAINISHLY Dis*dain"ish*ly, adv.

Defn: Disdainfully. [Obs.] Vives.

DISDAINOUS Dis*dain"ous, a. Etym: [OF. desdeignos, desdaigneux, F. dédaigneux.]

Defn: Disdainful. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

DISDAINOUSLY Dis*dain"ous*ly, adv.

Defn: Disdainfully. [Obs.] Bale.

DISDEIFY Dis*de"i*fy, v. t.

Defn: To divest or deprive of deity or of a deific rank or condition. Feltham.

DISDEIGN Dis*deign", v. t.

Defn: To disdain. [Obs.] Guyon much disdeigned so loathly sight. Spenser.

DISDIACLAST Dis*di"a*clast, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: One of the dark particles forming the doubly refracting disks of muscle fibers.

DISDIAPASON Dis*di`a*pa"son, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- (Gr. diapason.] (Anc. Mus.)

Defn: An interval of two octaves, or a fifteenth; -- called also bisdiapason.

DISEASE DIs*ease", n. Etym: [OE. disese, OF. desaise; des- (L. dis-) + aise ease. See Ease.]

1. Lack of ease; uneasiness; trouble; vexation; disquiet. [Obs.] So all that night they passed in great disease. Spenser. To shield thee from diseases of the world. Shak.

2. An alteration in the state of the body or of some of its organs, interrupting or disturbing the performance of the vital functions, and causing or threatening pain and weakness; malady; affection; illness; sickness; disorder; -- applied figuratively to the mind, to the moral character and habits, to institutions, the state, etc. Diseases desperate grown, By desperate appliances are relieved. Shak. The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced into the public counsels have, in truth, been the mortal diseases under which popular governments have every where perished. Madison. Disease germ. See under Germ.

Syn. -- Distemper; ailing; ailment; malady; disorder; sickness; illness; complaint; indisposition; affection. -- Disease, Disorder, Distemper, Malady, Affection. Disease is the leading medical term. Disorder meanirregularity of the system. Distemper is now used by physicians only of the diseases of animals. Malady is not a medical term, and is less used than formerly in literature. Affection has special reference to the part, organ, or function disturbed; as, his disease is an affection of the lungs. A disease is usually deep-seated and permanent, or at least prolonged; a disorder is often slight, partial, and temporary; malady has less of a technical sense than the other terms, and refers more especially to the suffering endured. In a figurative sense we speak of a disease mind, of disordered faculties, and of mental maladies.

DISEASE Dis*ease", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diseased; p. pr. & vb. n. Diseasing.]

1. To deprive of ease; to disquiet; to trouble; to distress. [Obs.] His double burden did him sore disease. Spenser.

2. To derange the vital functions of; to afflict with disease or sickness; to disorder; -- used almost exclusively in the participle diseased. He was diseased in body and mind. Macaulay.

DISEASED Dis*eased", a.

Defn: Afflicted with disease. It is my own diseased imagination that torments me. W. Irving.

Syn. -- See Morbid.

DISEASEDNESS Dis*eas"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being diseased; a morbid state; sickness. [R.] T. Burnet.

DISEASEFUL Dis*ease"ful, a.

1. Causing uneasiness. [Obs.] Disgraceful to the king and diseaseful to the people. Bacon.

2. Abounding with disease; producing diseases; as, a diseaseful climate. [R.]

DISEASEFULNESS Dis*ease"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being diseaseful; trouble; trial. [R.] Sir P. Sidney.

DISEASEMENT Dis*ease"ment, n.

Defn: Uneasiness; inconvenience. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISEDGE Dis*edge", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of an edge; to blunt; to dull. Served a little to disedge The sharpness of that pain about her heart. Tennyson.

DISEDIFY Dis*ed"i*fy, v. t.

Defn: To fail of edifying; to injure. [R.]

DISELDER Dis*eld"er, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of an elder or elders, or of the office of an elder. [Obs.] Fuller.

DISELENIDE Di*sel"e*nide (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + selenide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A selenide containing two atoms of selenium in each molecule.

DISEMBARK Dis`em*bark", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disembarked; p. pr. & vb. n. Disembarking.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + embark: cf. F. désembarquer.]

Defn: To remove from on board a vessel; to put on shore; to land; to debark; as, the general disembarked the troops.

Go to the bay, and disembark my coffers. Shak.

DISEMBARK Dis`em*bark", v. i.

Defn: To go ashore out of a ship or boat; to leave a ship; to debark. And, making fast their moorings, disembarked. Cowper.

DISEMBARKATION Dis*em`bar*ka"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disembarking.

DISEMBARKMENT Dis`em*bark"ment, n.

Defn: Disembarkation. [R.]

DISEMBARRASS Dis`em*bar"rass, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disembarrassed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disembarrassing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + embarrass: cf. F. désembarasser.]

Defn: To free from embarrassment, or perplexity; to clear; to extricate. To disembarrass himself of his companion. Sir W. Scott.

DISEMBARRASSMENT Dis`em*bar"rass*ment, n.

Defn: Freedom or relief from impediment or perplexity.

DISEMBAY Dis`em*bay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disembayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disembaying.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + embay.]

Defn: To clear from a bay. Sherburne.

DISEMBELLISH Dis`em*bel"lish, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + embellish: cf. F. désembellir.]

Defn: To deprive of embellishment; to disadorn. Carlyle.

DISEMBITTER Dis`em*bit"ter, v. t.

Defn: To free from

DISEMBODIED Dis`em*bod"ied, a.

Defn: Divested of a body; ceased to be corporal; incorporeal. The disembodied spirits of the dead. Bryant.

DISEMBODIMENT Dis`em*bod"i*ment, n.

Defn: The act of disembodying, or the state of being disembodied.

DISEMBODY Dis`em*bod"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disembodied; p. pr. & vb. n. Disembodying.]

1. To divest of the or corporeal existence. Devils embodied and disembodied. Sir W. Scott.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To disarm and disband, as a body of soldiers,-Wilhelm.

DISEMBOGUE Dis`em*bogue", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disembogued; p. pr. & vb. n. Disemboguing.] Etym: [Sp. desembocar; pref. des- (L. dis-) + embocar to put into the mouth, fr. en (L. in) + boca mouth, fr. L. bucca cheek. Cf. Debouch, Embogue.]

1. To pour out or discharge at the mouth, as a stream; to vent; to discharge into an ocean, a lake, etc. Rolling down, the steep Timavdisembogues his waves. Addison.

2. To eject; to cast forth. [R.] Swift.

DISEMBOGUE Dis`em*bogue", v. i.

Defn: To become discharged; to flow put; to find vent; to pour out contents. Volcanos bellow ere they disembogue. Young.

DISEMBOGUEMENT Dis`em*bogue"ment, n.

Defn: The act of disemboguing; discharge. Mease.

DISEMBOSSOM Dis`em*bos"som, v. t.

Defn: To separate from the bosom. [R.] Young.

DISEMBOWEL Dis`em*bow"el, v. t. Etym: [See Embowel.]

1. To take or let out the bowels or interior parts of; to eviscerate. Soon after their death, they are disemboweled. Cook. Roaring floods and cataracts that sweep From disemboweled earth the virgin gold. Thomson.

2. To take or draw from the body, as the web of a spider. [R.] "Her disemboweled web." J. Philips.

DISEMBOWELMENT Dis`em*bow"el*ment, n.

Defn: The act of disemboweling, or state of being disemboweled; evisceration.

DISEMBOWERED Dis`em*bow"ered, a.

Defn: Deprived of, or removed from, a bower. [Poetic] Bryant.

DISEMBRANGLE Dis`em*bran"gle, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + em = en (L. in) + brangle.]

Defn: To free from wrangling or litigation. [Obs.] Berkeley.

DISEMBROIL Dis`em*broil", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disembroiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disembroiling.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + embroil.]

Defn: To disentangle; to free from perplexity; to extricate from confusion. Vaillant has disembroiled a history that was lost to the world before his time. Addison.

DISEMPLOY Dis`em*ploy", v. t.

Defn: To throw out of employment. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

DISEMPLOYMENT Dis`em*ploy"ment, n.

Defn: The state of being disemployed, or deprived of employment. This glut of leisure and disemployment. Jer. Taylor.

DISEMPOWER Dis`em*pow"er, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of power; to divest of strength. H. Bushnell.

DISENABLE Dis`en*a"ble, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + enable.]

Defn: To disable; to disqualify. The sight of it might damp me and disenable me to speak. State Trials (1640).

DISENAMOR Dis`en*am"or, v. t.

Defn: To free from the captivity of love. Shelton.

DISENCHAINED Dis`en*chained", a.

Defn: Freed from restraint; unrestrained. [Archaic] E. A. Poe.

DISENCHANT Dis`en*chant", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disenchanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disenchanting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + enchant: cf. F. désenchanter.]

Defn: To free from enchantment; to deliver from the power of charms or spells; to free from fascination or delusion. Haste to thy work; a noble stroke or two Ends all the charms, and disenchants the grove. Dryden.

DISENCHANTER Dis`en*chant"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, disenchants.

DISENCHANTMENT Dis`en*chant"ment, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + enchantment: cf. F. désenchantement.]

Defn: The act of disenchanting, or state of being disenchanted. Shelton.

DISENCHARM Dis`en*charm", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + en (L. in) + charm.]

Defn: To free from the influence of a charm or spell; to disenchant. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

DISENCLOSE Dis`en*close, v. t.

Defn: See Disinclose.

DISENCOURAGEMENT Dis`en*cour"age*ment, n.

Defn: Discouragement. [Obs.] Spectator.

DISENCRESE Dis`en*crese", v. i. Etym: [Pref. dis- + OE. encrese, E. increase.]

Defn: To decrease. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISENCRESE Dis`en*crese", n.

Defn: Decrease. [Obs.]

DISENCUMBER Dis`en*cum"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disencumbered; p. pr. & vb. n. Disencumbering.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + encumber: cf. F. désencombrer.]

Defn: To free from encumbrance, or from anything which clogs, impedes, or obstructs; to disburden. Owen. I have disencumbered myself from rhyme. Dryden.

DISENCUMBRANCE Dis`en*cum"brance, n.

Defn: Freedom or deliverance from encumbrance, or anything burdensome or troublesome. Spectator.

DISENDOW Dis`en*dow", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of an endowment, as a church. Gladstone.

DISENDOWMENT Dis`en*dow"ment, n.

Defn: The act of depriving of an endowment or endowments. [The] disendowment of the Irish Church. G. B. Smith.

DISENFRANCHISE Dis`en*fran"chise, v. t.

Defn: To disfranchise; to deprive of the rights of a citizen. -- Dis`en*fran"chise*ment, n.

DISENGAGE Dis`en*gage" (, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disengaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Disengaging.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + engage: cf. F. désengager.]

Defn: To release from that with which anything is engaged, engrossed, involved, or entangled; to extricate; to detach; to set free; to liberate; to clear; as, to disengage one from a party, from broils and controversies, from an oath, promise, or occupation; to disengage the affections a favorite pursuit, the mind from study. To disengage him and the kingdom, great sums were to be borrowed. Milton. Caloric and light must be disengaged during the process. Transl. of Lavoisier.

Syn. -- To liberate; free; loose; extricate; clear; disentangle; detach; withdraw; wean.

DISENGAGE Dis`en*gage", v. i.

Defn: To release one's self; to become detached; to free one's self. From a friends's grave how soon we disengage! Young.

DISENGAGED Dis`en*gaged", a.

Defn: Not engaged; free from engagement; at leisure; free from occupation or care; vacant. -- Dis`en*ga"ged*ness, n.

DISENGAGEMENT Dis`en*gage"ment, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + engagement: cf. F. désengagement.]

1. The act of disengaging or setting free, or the state of being disengaged. It is easy to render this disengagement of caloric and light evident to the senses. Transl. of Lavoisier. A disengagement from earthly trammels. Sir W. Jones.

2. Freedom from engrossing occupation; leisure. Disengagement is absolutely necessary to enjoyment. Bp. Butler.

DISENGAGING Dis`en*ga"ging, a.

Defn: Loosing; setting free; detaching. Disengaging machinery. See under Engaging.

DISENNOBLE Dis`en*no"ble, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of that which ennobles; to degrade. An unworthy behavior degrades and disennobles a man. Guardian.

DISENROLL Dis`en*roll", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Disenrolled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disenrolling.]

Defn: To erase from a roll or list. [Written also disenrol.] Donne.

DISENSANITY Dis`en*san"i*ty, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + en (L. in) + sanity.]

Defn: Insanity; folly. [Obs.] What tediosity and disensanity Is here among! Beau. & Fl.

DISENSHROUDED Dis`en*shroud"ed, a.

Defn: Freed from a shroudlike covering; unveiled. The disenshrouded statue. R. Browning.

DISENSLAVE Dis`en*slave", v. t.

Defn: To free from bondage or slavery; to disenthrall. He shall disenslave and redeem his soul. South.

DISENTAIL Dis`en*tail", v. t. (Law)

Defn: To free from entailment.

DISENTANGLE Dis`en*tan"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disentangled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disentangling.]

1. To free from entanglement; to release from a condition of being intricately and confusedly involved or interlaced; to reduce to orderly arrangement; to straighten out; as, to disentangle a skein of yarn.

2. To extricate from complication and perplexity; disengage from embarrassing connection or intermixture; to disembroil; to set free; to separate. To disentangle truth from error. Stewart. To extricate and disentangle themselves out of this labyrinth. Clarendon. A mind free and disentangled from all corporeal mixtures. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Syn. -- To loose; extricate; disembarrass; disembroil; clear; evolve; disengage; separate; detach.

DISENTANGLEMENT Dis`en*tan"gle*ment, n.

Defn: The act of disentangling or clearing from difficulties. Warton.

DISENTER Dis`en*ter", v. t.

Defn: See Disinter.

DISENTHRALL Dis`en*thrall", v. t. Etym: [See Enthrall.]

Defn: To release from thralldom or slavery; to give freedom to; to disinthrall. [Written also disenthral.] Milton.

DISENTHRALLMENT Dis`en*thrall"ment, n.

Defn: Liberation from bondage; emancipation; disinthrallment. [Written also disenthralment.]

DISENTHRONE Dis`en*throne", v. t.

Defn: To dethrone; to depose from sovereign authority. Milton.

DISENTITLE Dis`en*ti"tle, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of title or claim. Every ordinary offense does not disentitle a son to the love of his father. South.

DISENTOMB Dis`en*tomb", v. t.

Defn: To take out from a tomb; a disinter.

DISENTRAIL Dis`en*trail", v. t.

Defn: To disembowel; to let out or draw forth, as the entrails. [Obs.] As if he thought her soul to disentrail. Spenser.

DISENTRANCE Dis`en*trance", v. t.

Defn: To awaken from a trance or an enchantment. Hudibras.

DISENTWINE Dis`en*twine", v. t.

Defn: To free from being entwined or twisted. Shelley.

DISEPALOUS Di*sep"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + sepalous.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two sepals; two-sepaled.

DISERT Dis*ert", a. Etym: [L. disertus, for dissertus, p. p.: cf. F. disert. See Dissert.]

Defn: Eloquent. [Obs.]

DISERTITUDE Dis*er"ti*tude, n. Etym: [L. disertitud

Defn: Eloquence. [Obs.]

DISERTY Dis*ert"y, adv.

Defn: Expressly; clearly; eloquently. [Obs.] Holland.

DISESPOUSE Dis`es*pouse", v. t.

Defn: To release from espousal or plighted faith. [Poetic] Milton.

DISESTABLISH Dis`es*tab"lish, v. t.

Defn: To unsettle; to break up (anything established); to deprive, as a church, of its connection with the state. M. Arnold.

DISESTABLISHMENT Dis`es*tab"lish*ment, n.

1. The act or process of unsettling or breaking up that which has been established; specifically, the withdrawal of the support of the state from an established church; as, the disestablishment and disendowment of the Irish Church by Act of Parliament.

2. The condition of being disestablished.

DISESTEEM Dis`es*teem", n.

Defn: Want of esteem; low estimation, inclining to dislike; disfavor; disrepute. Disesteem and contempt of the public affairs. Milton.

DISESTEEM Dis`es*teem", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disesteemed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disesteeming.]

1. To feel an absence of esteem for; to regard with disfavor or slight contempt; to slight. But if this sacred gift you disesteem. Denham. Qualities which society does not disesteem. Ld. Lytton.

2. To deprive of esteem; to bring into disrepute; to cause to be regarded with disfavor. [Obs.] What fables have you vexed, what truth redeemed, Antiquities searched, opinions disesteemed B. Jonson.

DISESTEEMER Dis`es*teem"er, n.

Defn: One who disesteems. Boyle.

DISESTIMATION Dis*es`ti*ma"tion, n.

Defn: Disesteem.

DISEXERCISE Dis*ex"er*cise, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of exercise; to leave untrained. [Obs.] By disexercising and blunting our abilities. Milton.

DISFAME Dis*fame", n.

Defn: Disrepute. [R.] Tennyson.

DISFANCY Dis*fan"cy, v. t.

Defn: To dislike. [Obs.]

DISFASHION Dis*fash"ion, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + fashion. See Fashion, and cf. Defeat.]

Defn: To disfigure. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

DISFAVOR Dis*fa"vor, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + favor: cf. OF. disfaveur, F. défaveur.] [Written also disfavour.]

1. Want of favor of favorable regard; disesteem; disregard. The people that deserved my disfavor. Is. x. 6 (1551). Sentiment of disfavor against its ally. Gladstone.

2. The state of not being in favor; a being under the displeasure of some one; state of unacceptableness; as, to be in disfavor at court.

3. An unkindness; a disobliging act. He might dispense favors and disfavors. Clarendon.

DISFAVOR Dis*fa"vor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disfavored; p. pr. & vb. n. Disfavoring.]

1. To withhold or withdraw favor from; to regard with disesteem; to show disapprobation of; to discountenance. Countenanced or disfavored according as they obey. Swift.

2. To injure the form or looks of. [R.] B. Jonson.

DISFAVORABLE Dis*fa"vor*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. défavorable.]

Defn: Unfavorable. [Obs.] Stow.

DISFAVORABLY Dis*fa"vor*a*bly, adv.

Defn: Unpropitiously. [Obs.]

DISFAVORER Dis*fa"vor*er, n.

Defn: One who disfavors. Bacon.

DISFEATURE Dis*fea"ture, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Defeature.]

Defn: To deprive of features; to mar the features of. [R.]

DISFELLOWSHIP Dis*fel"low*ship, v. t. Etym: [See Fellowship, v. t.]

Defn: To exclude from fellowship; to refuse intercourse with, as an associate. An attempt to disfellowship an evil, but to fellowship the evildoer. Freewill Bapt. Quart.

DISFIGURATION Dis*fig`u*ra"tion, n. Etym: [See Disfigure, and cf. Defiguration.]

Defn: The act of disfiguring, or the state of being disfigured; defacement; deformity; disfigurement. Gauden.

DISFIGURE Dis*fig"ure, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disfigured; p. pr. & vb. n. Disfiguring.] Etym: [OF. desfigurer, F. défigurer; pref. des- (L. dis-) + figurer to fashion, shape, fr. L. figurare, fr. figura figure. See Figure, and cf. Defiguration.]

Defn: To mar the figure of; to render less complete, perfect, or beautiful in appearance; to deface; to deform. Disfiguring not God's likeness, but their own. Milton.

Syn. -- To deface; deform; mar; injure.

DISFIGURE Dis*fig"ure, n.

Defn: Disfigurement; deformity. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISFIGUREMENT Dis*fig"ure*ment, n.

1. Act of disfiguring, or state of being disfigured; deformity. Milton.

2. That which disfigures; a defacement; a blot. Uncommon expressions . . . are a disfigurement rather than any embellishment of discourse. Hume.

DISFIGURER Dis*fig"ur*er, n.

Defn: One who disfigures.

DISFLESH Dis*flesh", v. t.

Defn: To reduce the flesh or obesity of. [Obs.] Shelton.

DISFOREST Dis*for"est, v. t.

1. To disafforest. Fuller.

2. To clear or deprive of forests or trees.

DISFORESTATION Dis*for`es*ta"tion, n.

Defn: The act of clearing land of forests. Daniel.

DISFORMITY Dis*form"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. Deformity.]

Defn: Discordance or diversity of form; unlikeness in form. Uniformity or disformity in comparing together the respective figures of bodies. S. Clarke.

DISFRANCHISE Dis*fran"chise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disfranchised; p. pr. & vb. n. Disfranchising.] Etym: [Cf. Diffranchise.]

Defn: To deprive of a franchise or chartered right; to dispossess of the rights of a citizen, or of a particular privilege, as of voting, holding office, etc. Sir William Fitzwilliam was disfranchised. Fabyan (1509). He was partially disfranchised so as to be made incapable of taking

## part in public affairs. Thirlwall.

DISFRANCHISEMENT Dis*fran"chise*ment, n.

Defn: The act of disfranchising, or the state disfranchised; deprivation of privileges of citizenship or of chartered immunities. Sentenced first to dismission from the court, and then to disfranchisement and expulsion from the colony. Palfrey.

DISFRIAR Dis*fri"ar, v. t.

Defn: To depose or withdraw from the condition of a friar. [Obs.] Many did quickly unnun and disfriar themselves. Fuller.

DISFROCK Dis*frock", v. t.

Defn: To unfrock.

DISFURNISH Dis*fur"nish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disfurnished; p. pr. & vb. n. Disfurnishing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + furnish.]

Defn: To deprive of that with which anything is furnished (furniture, equipments, etc.); to strip; to render destitute; to divest. I am a thing obscure, disfurnished of All merit, that can raise me higher. Massinger.

DISFURNISHMENT Dis*fur"nish*ment, n.

Defn: The act of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished. Daniel.

DISFURNITURE Dis*fur"ni*ture, n.

Defn: The act of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished. [Obs.]

DISFURNITURE Dis*fur"ni*ture, v. t.

Defn: To disfurnish. [R.] East.

DISGAGE Dis*gage", v. t.

Defn: To free from a gage or pledge; to disengage. [Obs.] Holland.

DISGALLANT Dis*gal"lant, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of gallantry. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DISGARLAND Dis*gar"land, v. t.

Defn: To strip of a garland. [Poetic] "Thy locks disgarland." Drummond.

DISGARNISH Dis*gar"nish, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + garnish. See Degarnish.]

Defn: To divest of garniture; to disfurnish; to dismantle. Bp. Hall.

DISGARRISON Dis*gar"ri*son, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of a garrison. Hewyt.

DISGAVEL Dis*gav"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disgaveled or Disgaveled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disgaveling.] Etym: [See Gavelkind.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: To deprive of that principal quality of gavelkind tenure by which lands descend equally among all the sons of the tenant; -- said of lands. Burrill.

DISGEST Dis*gest", v. t.

Defn: To digest. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISGESTION Dis*ges"tion, n.

Defn: Digestion. [Obs.]

DISGLORIFY Dis*glo"ri*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disglorified; p. pr. & vb. n. Disglorifying.]

Defn: To deprive of glory; to treat with indignity. [R.] Disglorified, blasphemed, and had in scorn. Milton.

DISGLORY Dis*glo"ry, n.

Defn: Dishonor. [Obs.] To the disglory of God's name. Northbrooke.

DISGORGE Dis*gorge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disgorged; p. pr. & vb. n. Disgorging.] Etym: [F. dégorger, earlier desgorger; pref. dé-, des- (L. dis-) + gorge. See Gorge.]

1. To eject or discharge by the throat and mouth; to vomit; to pour forth or throw out with violence, as if from the mouth; to discharge violently or in great quantities from a confined place. This mountain when it rageth, . . . casteth forth huge stones, disgorgeth brimstone. Hakluyt. They loudly laughed To see his heaving breast disgorge the briny draught. Dryden.

2. To give up unwillingly as what one has wrongfully seized and appropriated; to make restitution of; to surrender; as, he was compelled to disgorge his ill-gotten gains.

DISGORGE Dis*gorge", v. i.

Defn: To vomit forth what anything contains; to discharge; to make restitution. See where it flows, disgorging at seven mouths Into the sea. Milton.

DISGORGEMENT Dis*gorge"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dégorgement.]

Defn: The act of disgorging; a vomiting; that which is disgorged. Bp. Hall.

DISGOSPEL Dis*gos"pel, v. i.

Defn: To be inconsistent with, or act contrary to, the precepts of the gospel; to pervert the gospel. [Obs.] Milton.

DISGRACE Dis*grace", n. Etym: [F. disgrâce; pref. dis- (L. dis-) + grâce. See Grace.]

1. The condition of being out of favor; loss of favor, regard, or respect. Macduff lives in disgrace. Shak.

2. The state of being dishonored, or covered with shame; dishonor; shame; ignominy. To tumble down thy husband and thyself From top of honor to disgrace's feet Shak.

3. That which brings dishonor; cause of shame or reproach; great discredit; as, vice is a disgrace to a rational being.

4. An act of unkindness; a disfavor. [Obs.] The interchange continually of favors and disgraces. Bacon.

Syn. -- Disfavor; disesteem; opprobrium; reproach; discredit; disparagement; dishonor; shame; infamy; ignominy; humiliation.

DISGRACE Dis*grace", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disgraced; p. pr. & vb. n. Disgracing.] Etym: [Cf. F. disgracier. See Disgrace, n.]

1. To put out favor; to dismiss with dishonor. Flatterers of the disgraced minister. Macaulay. Pitt had been disgraced and the old Duke of Newcastle dismissed. J. Morley.

2. To do disfavor to; to bring reproach or shame upon; to dishonor; to treat or cover with ignominy; to lower in estimation. Shall heap with honors him they now disgrace. Pope. His ignorance disgraced him. Johnson.

3. To treat discourteously; to upbraid; to revile. The goddess wroth gan foully her disgrace. Spenser.

Syn. -- To degrade; humble; humiliate; abase; disparage; defame; dishonor; debase.

DISGRACEFUL Dis*grace"ful, a.

Defn: Bringing disgrace; causing shame; shameful; dishonorable; unbecoming; as, profaneness is disgraceful to a man. -- Dis*grace"ful*fy, adv. -- Dis*grace"ful*ness, n. The Senate have cast you forth disgracefully. B. Jonson.

DISGRACER Dis*gra"cer, n.

Defn: One who disgraces.

DISGRACIOUS Dis*gra"cious, a. Etym: [Cf. F. disgracieux.]

Defn: Wanting grace; unpleasing; disagreeable. Shak.

DISGRACIVE Dis*gra"cive, a.

Defn: Disgracing. [Obs.] Feltham.

DISGRADATION Dis`gra*da"tion, n. (Scots Law)

Defn: Degradation; a stripping of titles and honors.

DISGRADE Dis*grade", v. t.

Defn: To degrade. [Obs.] Foxe.

DISGRADUATE Dis*grad"u*ate, v. t.

Defn: To degrade; to reduce in rank. [Obs.] Tyndale.

DISGREGATE Dis"gre*gate, v. t. Etym: [L. disgregare; dis- + gregare to collect, fr. grex, gregis, flock or herd.]

Defn: To disperse; to scatter; -- opposite of congregate. [Obs.]

DISGREGATION Dis`gre*ga"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The process of separation, or the condition of being separate, as of the molecules of a body.

DISGRUNTLE Dis*grun"tle, v. t.

Defn: To dissatisfy; to disaffect; to anger. [Colloq.]

DISGUISE Dis*guise" (; 232), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disguised; p. pr. & vb. n. Disguising.] Etym: [OE. desguisen, disgisen, degisen, OF. desguisier, F. déguiser; pref. des- (L. dis-) + guise. See Guise.]

1. To change the guise or appearance of; especially, to conceal by an unusual dress, or one intended to mislead or deceive. Bunyan was forced to disguise himself as a wagoner. Macaulay.

2. To hide by a counterfeit appearance; to cloak by a false show; to mask; as, to disguise anger; to disguise one's sentiments, character, or intentions. All God's angels come to us disguised. Lowell.

3. To affect or change by liquor; to intoxicate. I have just left the right worshipful, and his myrmidons, about a sneaker or five gallons; the whole magistracy was pretty well disguised before I gave them the ship. Spectator.

Syn. -- To conceal; hide; mask; dissemble; dissimulate; feign; pretend; secrete. See Conceal.

DISGUISE Dis*guise", n.

1. A dress or exterior put on for purposes of concealment or of deception; as, persons doing unlawful acts in disguise are subject to heavy penalties. There is no passion steals into the heart more imperceptibly and covers itself under more disguises, than pride. Addison.

2. Artificial language or manner assumed for deception; false appearance; counterfeit semblance or show. That eye which glances through all disguises. D. Webster.

3. Change of manner by drink; intoxication. Shak.

4. A masque or masquerade. [Obs.] Disguise was the old English word for a masque. B. Jonson.

DISGUISEDLY Dis*guis"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In disguise.

DISGUISEDNESS Dis*guis"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being disguised.

DISGUISEMENT Dis*guise"ment, n.

Defn: Disguise. [R.] Spenser.

DISGUISER Dis*guis"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, disguises. Shak.

2. One who wears a disguise; an actor in a masquerade; a masker. [Obs.] E. Hall.

DISGUISING Dis*guis"ing, n.

Defn: A masque or masquerade. [Obs.]

DISGUST Dis*gust", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disgusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disgusting.] Etym: [OF. desgouster, F. dégoûter; pref. des- (L. dis-) + gouster to taste, F. goûter, fr. L. gustare, fr. gustus taste. See Gust to taste.]

Defn: To provoke disgust or strong distaste in; to cause (any one) loathing, as of the stomach; to excite aversion in; to offend the moral taste of; -- often with at, with, or by. To disgust him with the world and its vanities. Prescott. Ærius is expressly declared . . . to have been disgusted at failing. J. H. Newman. Alarmed and disgusted by the proceedings of the convention. Macaulay.

DISGUST Dis*gust", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. desgoust, F. dégoût. See Disgust, v. t.]

Defn: Repugnance to what is offensive; aversion or displeasure produced by something loathsome; loathing; strong distaste; -- said primarily of the sickening opposition felt for anything which offends the physical organs of taste; now rather of the analogous repugnance excited by anything extremely unpleasant to the moral taste or higher sensibilities of our nature; as, an act of cruelty may excite disgust. The manner of doing is more consequence than the thing done, and upon that depends the satisfaction or disgust wherewith it is received. Locke. In a vulgar hack writer such oddities would have excited only disgust. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Nausea; loathing; aversion; distaste; dislike; disinclination; abomination. See Dislike.

DISGUSTFUL Dis*gust"ful, a.

Defn: Provoking disgust; offensive to the taste; exciting aversion; disgusting. That horrible and disgustful situation. Burke.

DISGUSTFULNESS Dis*gust"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being disgustful.

DISGUSTING Dis*gust"ing, a.

Defn: That causes disgust; sickening; offensive; revolting. -- Dis*gust"ing*ly, adv.

DISH Dish, n. Etym: [AS. disc, L. discus dish, disc, quoit, fr. Gr. Dais, Desk, Disc, Discus.]

1. A vessel, as a platter, a plate, a bowl, used for serving up food at the table. She brought forth butter in a lordly dish. Judg. v. 25.

2. The food served in a dish; hence, any particular kind of food; as, a cold dish; a warm dish; a delicious dish. "A dish fit for the gods." Shak. Home-home dishes that drive one from home. Hood.

3. The state of being concave, or like a dish, or the degree of such concavity; as, the dish of a wheel.

4. A hollow place, as in a field. Ogilvie.

5. (Mining) (a) A trough about 28 inches long, 4 deep, and 6 wide, in which ore is measured. (b) That portion of the produce of a mine which is paid to the land owner or proprietor.

DISH Dish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dished; p. pr. & vb. n. Dishing.]

1. To put in a dish, ready for the table.

2. To make concave, or depress in the middle, like a dish; as, to dish a wheel by inclining the spokes.

3. To frustrate; to beat; to ruin. [Low] To dish out.

1. To serve out of a dish; to distribute in portions at table.

2. (Arch.) To hollow out, as a gutter in stone or wood. -- To dish up, to take (food) from the oven, pots, etc., and put in dishes to be served at table.

DISHABILITATE Dis`ha*bil"i*tate, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Disability.]

Defn: To disqualify. [R.]

DISHABILLE Dis`ha*bille", n. Etym: [See Deshabille.]

Defn: An undress; a loose, negligent dress; deshabille. They breakfast in dishabille. Smollett.

DISHABIT Dis*hab"it, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + habit to inhabit.]

Defn: To dislodge. [Obs.] Those sleeping stones . . . from their fixed beds of lime Had been dishabited. Shak.

DISHABITED Dis*hab"it*ed, p. a.

Defn: Rendered uninhabited. "Dishabited towns." R. Carew.

DISHABITUATE Dis`ha*bit"u*ate, v. t.

Defn: To render unaccustomed.

DISHABLE Dis*ha"ble, v. t.

1. To disable. [Obs.]

2. To disparage. [Obs.] She oft him blamed . . . and him dishabled quite. Spenser.

DISHALLOW Dis*hal"low, v. t.

Defn: To make unholy; to profane. Tennyson. Nor can the unholiness of the priest dishallow the altar. T. Adams.

DISHARMONIOUS Dis`har*mo"ni*ous, a.

Defn: Unharmonious; discordant. [Obs.] Hallywell.

DISHARMONY Dis*har"mo*ny, n.

Defn: Want of harmony; discord; incongruity. [R.] A disharmony in the different impulses that constitute it [our nature]. Coleridge.

DISHAUNT Dis*haunt", v. t.

Defn: To leave; to quit; to cease to haunt. Halliwell.

DISHCLOTH Dish"cloth`, n.

Defn: A cloth used for washing dishes.

DISHCLOUT Dish"clout`, n.

Defn: A dishcloth. [Obsolescent]

DISHEART Dis*heart", v. t.

Defn: To dishearten. [Obs.]

DISHEARTEN Dis*heart"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disheartened; p. pr. & vb. n. Disheartening.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + hearten.]

Defn: To discourage; to deprive of courage and hope; to depress the spirits of; to deject. Regiments . . . utterly disorganized and disheartened. Macaulay.

Syn. -- To dispirit; discourage; depress; deject; deter; terrify.

DISHEARTENMENT Dis*heart"en*ment, n.

Defn: Discouragement; dejection; depression of spirits.

DISHEIR Dis*heir", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Disherit.]

Defn: To disinherit. [Obs.] Dryden.

DISHELM Dis*helm", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + helm helmet.]

Defn: To deprive of the helmet. [Poetic] Lying stark, Dishelmed and mute, and motionlessly pale. Tennyson.

DISHERISON Dis*her"i*son, n. Etym: [See Disherit.]

Defn: The act of disheriting, or debarring from inheritance; disinhersion. Bp. Hall.

DISHERIT Dis*her"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disherited; p. pr. & vb. n. Disheriting.] Etym: [F. déshériter; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + hériter to inherit. See Inherit, and cf. Dusheir, Disinherit.]

Defn: To disinherit; to cut off, or detain, from the possession or enjoyment of an inheritance. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISHERITANCE Dis*her"it*ance, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. desheritance.]

Defn: The act of disinheriting or state of being disinherited; disinheritance. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DISHERITOR Dis*her"it*or, n. (Law)

Defn: One who puts another out of his inheritance.

DISHEVEL Di*shev"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disheveled or Dishevelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disheveling or Dishevelling.] Etym: [OF. descheveler, F. décheveler, LL. discapillare; dis- + L. capillus the hair of the head. See Capillary.]

1. To suffer (the hair) to hang loosely or disorderly; to spread or throw (the hair) in disorder; -- used chiefly in the passive

## participle.

With garments rent and hair disheveled, Wringing her hands and making piteous moan. Spenser.

2. To spread loosely or disorderly. Like the fair flower disheveled in the wind. Cowper.

DISHEVEL Di*shev"el, v. i.

Defn: To be spread in disorder or hang negligently, as the hair. [R.] Sir T. Herbert.

DISHEVELE Di*shev"ele, p. p. & a.

Defn: Disheveled. [Obs.] Dishevele, save his cap, he rode all bare. Chaucer.

DISHEVELED Di*shev"eled, a.

1. Having in loose disorder; disarranged; as, disheveled hair.

2. Having the hair in loose disorder. The dancing maidens are disheveled Mænads. J. A. Symonds.

DISHFUL Dish"ful, n.; pl. Dishfuls (.

Defn: As much as a dish holds when full.

DISHING Dish"ing, a.

Defn: Dish-shaped; concave.

DISHONEST Dis*hon"est, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + honest: cf. F. déshonnête, OF. deshoneste.]

1. Dishonorable; shameful; indecent; unchaste; lewd. [Obs.] Inglorious triumphs and dishonest scars. Pope. Speak no foul or dishonest words before them [the women]. Sir T. North.

2. Dishonored; disgraced; disfigured. [Obs.] Dishonest with lopped arms the youth appears, Spoiled of his nose and shortened of his ears. Dryden.

3. Wanting in honesty; void of integrity; faithless; disposed to cheat or defraud; not trustworthy; as, a dishonest man.

4. Characterized by fraud; indicating a want of probity; knavish; fraudulent; unjust. To get dishonest gain. Ezek. xxii. 27. The dishonest profits of men in office. Bancroft.

DISHONEST Dis*hon"est, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. deshonester.]

Defn: To disgrace; to dishonor; as, to dishonest a maid. [Obs.] I will no longer dishonest my house. Chapman.

DISHONESTLY Dis*hon"est*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dishonest manner.

DISHONESTY Dis*hon"es*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. deshonesté, F. déshonnêteté.]

1. Dishonor; dishonorableness; shame. [Obs.] "The hidden things of dishonesty." 2 Cor. iv. 2.

2. Want of honesty, probity, or integrity in principle; want of fairness and straightforwardness; a disposition to defraud, deceive, or betray; faithlessness.

3. Violation of trust or of justice; fraud; any deviation from probity; a dishonest act.

4. Lewdness; unchastity. Shak.

DISHONOR Dis*hon"or, n. Etym: [OE. deshonour, dishonour, OF. deshonor, deshonur, F. déshonneur; pref. des- (L. dis-) + honor, honur, F. honneur, fr. L. honor. See Honor.] [Written also dishonour.]

1. Lack of honor; disgrace; ignominy; shame; reproach. It was not meet for us to see the king's dishonor. Ezra iv. 14. His honor rooted in dishonor stood. Tennyson.

2. (Law)

Defn: The nonpayment or nonacceptance of commercial paper by the party on whom it is drawn.

Syn. -- Disgrace; ignominy; shame; censure; reproach; opprobrium.

DISHONOR Dis*hon"or, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dishonored; p. pr. & vb. n. Dishonoring.] Etym: [OE. deshonouren, F. déshonorer; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + honorer to honor, fr. L. honorare. See Honor, v. t.] [Written also dishonour.]

1. To deprive of honor; to disgrace; to bring reproach or shame on; to treat with indignity, or as unworthy in the sight of others; to stain the character of; to lessen the reputation of; as, the duelist dishonors himself to maintain his honor. Nothing . . . that may dishonor Our law, or stain my vow of Nazarite. Milton.

2. To violate the chastity of; to debauch. Dryden.

3. To refuse or decline to accept or pay; -- said of a bill, check, note, or draft which is due or presented; as, to dishonor a bill exchange.

Syn. -- To disgrace; shame; debase; degrade; lower; humble; humiliate; debauch; pollute.

DISHONORABLE Dis*hon"or*a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. déshonorable.]

1. Wanting in honor; not honorable; bringing or deserving dishonor; staining the character, and lessening the reputation; shameful; disgraceful; base.

2. Wanting in honor or esteem; disesteemed. He that is dishonorable in riches, how much more in poverty! Ecclus. x. 31. To find ourselves dishonorable graves. Shak. -- Dis*hon"or*a*ble*ness, n. -- Dis*hon"or*a*bly, adv.

DISHONORARY Dis*hon"or*a*ry, a.

Defn: Bringing dishonor on; tending to disgrace; lessening reputation. Holmes.

DISHONORER Dis*hon"or*er, n.

Defn: One who dishonors or disgraces; one who treats another indignity. Milton.

DISHORN Dis*horn", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of horns; as, to dishorn cattle. "Dishorn the spirit." Shak.

DISHORSE Dis*horse", v. t.

Defn: To dismount. Tennyson.

DISHOUSE Dis*house", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of house or home. "Dishoused villagers." James White.

DISHUMOR Dis*hu"mor, n.

Defn: Ill humor. [Obs.]

DISHUMOR Dis*hu"mor, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of humor or desire; to put out of humor. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DISHWASHER Dish"wash`er, n.

1. One who, or that which, washes dishes.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European bird; the wagtail.

DISHWATER Dish"wa`ter, n.

Defn: Water in which dishes have been washed. "Suds and dishwater." Beau. & Fl.

DISILLUSION Dis`il*lu"sion, n.

Defn: The act or process of freeing from an illusion, or the state of being freed therefrom. Lowell.

DISILLUSION Dis`il*lu"sion, v. t.

Defn: To free from an illusion; to disillusionize.

DISILLUSIONIZE Dis`il*lu"sion*ize, v. t.

Defn: To disenchant; to free from illusion. "The bitter disillusionizing experience of postnuptial life." W. Black.

DISILLUSIONMENT Dis`il*lu"sion*ment, n.

Defn: The act of freeing from an illusion, or the state of being freed therefrom.

DISIMBITTER Dis`im*bit"ter, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + imbitter. Cf. Disembitter.]

Defn: To free from bitterness.

DISIMPARK Dis`im*park", v. t.

Defn: To free from the barriers or restrictions of a park. [R.] Spectator.

DISIMPASSIONED Dis`im*pas"sioned, a.

Defn: Free from warmth of passion or feeling.

DISIMPROVE Dis`im*prove", v. t.

Defn: To make worse; -- the opposite of improve. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

DISIMPROVE Dis`im*prove", v. i.

Defn: To grow worse; to deteriorate.

DISIMPROVEMENT Dis`im*prove"ment, n.

Defn: Reduction from a better to a worse state; as, disimprovement of the earth.

DISINCARCERATE Dis`in*car"cer*ate, v. t.

Defn: To liberate from prison. [R.] Harvey.

DISINCLINATION Dis*in`cli*na"tion, n.

Defn: The state of being disinclined; want of propensity, desire, or affection; slight aversion or dislike; indisposition. Disappointment gave him a disinclination to the fair sex. Arbuthnot. Having a disinclination to books or business. Guardian.

Syn. -- Unwillingness; disaffection; alienation; dislike; indisposition; distaste; aversion; repugnance.

DISINCLINE Dis`in*cline", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disinclined; p. pr. & vb. n. Disinclining.]

Defn: To incline away the affections of; to excite a slight aversion in; to indispose; to make unwilling; to alienate. Careful . . . to disincline them from any reverence or affection to the Queen. Clarendon. To social scenes by nature disinclined. Cowper.

DISINCLOSE Dis`in*close", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Disenclose.]

Defn: To free from being inclosed.

DISINCORPORATE Dis`in*cor"po*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disincorporated; p. pr. & vb. n. Disincorporating.]

1. To deprive of corporate powers, rights, or privileges; to divest of the condition of a corporate body.

2. To detach or separate from a corporation. Bacon.

DISINCORPORATE Dis`in*cor"po*rate, a.

Defn: Separated from, or not included in, a corporation; disincorporated. Bacon.

DISINCORPORATION Dis`in*cor`po*ra"tion, n.

Defn: Deprivation of the rights and privileges of a corporation. T. Warton.

DISINFECT Dis`in*fect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disinfected; p. pr. & vb. n. Disinfecting.]

Defn: To free from infectious or contagious matter; to destroy putrefaction; to purify; to make innocuous. When the infectious matter and the infectious matter and the odoriferous matter are one . . . then to deodorize is to disinfect. Ure.

DISINFECTANT Dis`in*fect"ant, n.

Defn: That which disinfects; an agent for removing the causes of infection, as chlorine.

DISINFECTION Dis`in*fec"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disinfecting; purification from infecting matter.

DISINFECTOR Dis`in*fect"or, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, disinfects; an apparatus for applying disinfectants.

DISINFLAME Dis`in*flame", v. t.

Defn: To divest of flame or ardor. Chapman.

DISINGENUITY Dis*in`ge*nu"i*ty, n.

Defn: Disingenuousness. [Obs.] Clarendon.

DISINGENUOUS Dis`in*gen"u*ous, a.

1. Not noble; unbecoming true honor or dignity; mean; unworthy; as, disingenuous conduct or schemes.

2. Not ingenuous; wanting in noble candor or frankness; not frank or open; uncandid; unworthily or meanly artful. So disingenuous as not to confess them [faults]. Pope. -- Dis`in*gen"u*ous*ly, adv. T. Warton. -- Dis`in*gen"u*ous*ness, n. Macaulay.

DISINHABITED Dis`in*hab"it*ed, a.

Defn: Uninhabited. [Obs.]

DISINHERISON Dis`in*her"i*son, n. Etym: [See Disinherit, v. t., and cf. Disherison.]

Defn: Same as Disherison. Bacon.

DISINHERIT Dis`in*her"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disinherited; p. pr. & vb. n. Disinheriting.] Etym: [Cf. Disherit, Disheir.]

1. To cut off from an inheritance or from hereditary succession; to prevent, as an heir, from coming into possession of any property or right, which, by law or custom, would devolve on him in the course of descent. Of how fair a portion Adam disinherited his whole posterity! South.

2. To deprive of heritage; to dispossess. And disinherit Chaos, that reigns here. Milton.

DISINHERITANCE Dis`in*her"it*ance, n.

Defn: The act of disinheriting, or the condition of being; disinherited; disherison.

DISINHUME Dis`in*hume", v. t.

Defn: To disinter. [R.]

DISINSURE Dis`in*sure", v. t.

Defn: To render insecure; to put in danger. [Obs.] Fanshawe.

DISINTEGRABLE Dis*in"te*gra*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being disintegrated, or reduced to fragments or powder. Argillo-calcite is readily disintegrable by exposure. Kirwan.

DISINTEGRATE Dis*in"te*grate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disintegrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Disintegrating.] Etym: [L. dis- + integratus, p. p. of integrare to renew, repair, fr. integer entire, whole. See Integer.]

Defn: To separate into integrant parts; to reduce to fragments or to powder; to break up, or cause to fall to pieces, as a rock, by blows of a hammer, frost, rain, and other mechanical or atmospheric influences. Marlites are not disintegrated by exposure to the atmosphere, at least in six years. Kirwan.

DISINTEGRATE Dis*in"te*grate, v. i.

Defn: To decompose into integrant parts; as, chalk rapidly disintegrates.

DISINTEGRATION Dis*in`te*gra"tion, n. (a) The process by which anything is disintegrated; the condition of anything which is disintegrated. Specifically (b) (Geol.) The wearing away or falling to pieces of rocks or strata, produced by atmospheric action, frost, ice, etc. Society had need of further disintegration before it could begin to reconstruct itself locally. Motley.

DISINTEGRATOR Dis*in"te*gra`tor, n. (Mech.)

Defn: A machine for grinding or pulverizing by percussion.

DISINTER Dis`in*ter", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disinterred; p. pr. & vb. n. Disinterring.]

1. To take out of the grave or tomb; to unbury; to exhume; to dig up.

2. To bring out, as from a grave or hiding place; to bring from obscurity into view. Addison.

DISINTERESS Dis*in"ter*ess, v. t. Etym: [F. désintéresser to deprive of interest in; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + intéresser to interest, fr. L. interesse to import, concern. See Interest, and cf. Disinterest.]

Defn: To deprive or rid of interest in, or regard for; to disengage. [Obs.]

DISINTERESSMENT Dis*in"ter*ess*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désintéressement.]

Defn: Disinterestedness; impartiality; fairness. [Obs.] Prior.

DISINTEREST Dis*in"ter*est, p. a.

Defn: Disinterested. [Obs.] The measures they shall walk by shall be disinterest and even. Jer. Taylor.

DISINTEREST Dis*in"ter*est, n.

1. What is contrary to interest or advantage; disadvantage. [Obs.] Glanvill.

2. Indifference to profit; want of regard to private advantage; disinterestedness. [Obs.] Johnson.

DISINTEREST Dis*in"ter*est, v. t.

Defn: To divest of interest or interested motives. [Obs.] Feltham.

DISINTERESTED Dis*in"ter*est*ed, a. Etym: [Cf. Disinteressed.]

Defn: Not influenced by regard to personal interest or advantage; free from selfish motive; having no relation of interest or feeling; not biased or prejudiced; as, a disinterested decision or judge. The happiness of disinterested sacrifices. Channing.

Syn. -- Unbiased; impartial; uninterested; indifferent.

DISINTERESTEDLY Dis*in"ter*est*ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disinterested manner; without bias or prejudice.

DISINTERESTEDNESS Dis*in"ter*est*ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being disinterested; impartiality. That perfect disinterestedness and self-devotion of which man seems to be incapable, but which is sometimes found in woman. Macaulay.

DISINTERESTING Dis*in"ter*est*ing, a.

Defn: Uninteresting. [Obs.] "Disinteresting passages." Bp. Warburton.

DISINTERMENT Dis`in*ter"ment, n.

Defn: The act of disinterring, or taking out of the earth; exhumation.

DISINTHRALL Dis`in*thrall", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disinthralled; p. pr. & vb. n. Disinthralling.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + inthrall. Cf. Disenthrall.]

Defn: To free from thralldom; to disenthrall. [Written also disinthral.]

DISINTHRALLMENT Dis`in*thrall"ment, n.

Defn: A releasing from thralldom or slavery; disenthrallment. [Written also disinthralment.]

DISINTRICATE Dis*in"tri*cate, v. t.

Defn: To disentangle. [R.] "To disintricate the question." Sir W. Hamilton.

DISINURE Dis`in*ure", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disinured; p. pr. & vb. n. Disinuring.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + inure.]

Defn: To render unaccustomed or unfamiliar. We are hindered and disinured . . . towards the true knowledge. Milton.

DISINVESTITURE Dis`in*ves"ti*ture, n.

Defn: The act of depriving of investiture. [Obs.] Ogilvie.

DISINVIGORATE Dis`in*vig"or*ate, v. t.

Defn: To enervate; to weaken. [R.] Sydney Smith.

DISINVOLVE Dis`in*volve", v. t.

Defn: To uncover; to unfold or unroll; to disentangle. [R.] Dr. H. More.

DISJECTION Dis*jec"tion, n. Etym: [L. disjicere, disjectum, to throw asunder, disperse; dis- + jacere to throw.]

Defn: Destruction; dispersion. Bp. Horsley.

DISJOIN Dis*join", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disjoined; p. pr. & vb. n. Disjoining.] Etym: [OF. desjoindre, F. disjoindre, déjoindre, fr. L. disjungere; dis- + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Disjoint, Disjunct.]

Defn: To part; to disunite; to separate; to sunder. That marriage, therefore, God himself disjoins. Milton. Never let us lay down our arms against France, till we have utterly disjoined her from the Spanish monarchy. Addison. Windmill Street consisted of disjoined houses. Pennant.

Syn. -- To disunite; separate; detach; sever; dissever; sunder; disconnect.

DISJOIN Dis*join", v. i.

Defn: To become separated; to part.

DISJOINT Dis*joint", a. Etym: [OF. desjoint, p. p. of desjoindre. See Disjoin.]

Defn: Disjointed; unconnected; -- opposed to conjoint. Milton.

DISJOINT Dis*joint", n. Etym: [From OF. desjoint, p. p. of desjoindre. See Disjoint, v. t.]

Defn: Difficult situation; dilemma; strait. [Obs.] "I stand in such disjoint." Chaucer.

DISJOINT Dis*joint", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disjointed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disjointing.]

1. To separate the joints of; to separate, as parts united by joints; to put out of joint; to force out of its socket; to dislocate; as, to disjoint limbs; to disjoint bones; to disjoint a fowl in carving. Yet what could swords or poisons, racks or flame, But mangle and disjoint the brittle frame Prior.

2. To separate at junctures or joints; to break where parts are united; to break in pieces; as, disjointed columns; to disjoint and edifice. Some half-ruined wall Disjointed and about to fall. Longfellow.

3. To break the natural order and relations of; to make incoherent; as, a disjointed speech.

DISJOINT Dis*joint", v. i.

Defn: To fall in pieces. Shak.

DISJOINTED Dis*joint"ed, a.

Defn: Separated at the joints; disconnected; incoherent. -- Dis*joint"ed*ly, adv. -- Dis*joint"ed*ness, n.

DISJOINTLY Dis*joint"ly, adv.

Defn: In a disjointed state. Sandys.

DISJUDICATION Dis*ju`di*ca"tion, n.

Defn: Judgment; discrimination. See Dijudication. [Obs.] Boyle.

DISJUNCT Dis*junct", a. Etym: [L. disjunctus, p. p. of disjungere to disjoin. See Disjoin, and cf. Disjoint.]

1. Disjoined; separated. [R.]

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the head, thorax, and abdomen separated by a deep constriction. Disjunct tetrachords (Mus.), tetrachords so disposed to each other that the gravest note of the upper is one note higher than the acutest note of the other.

DISJUNCTION Dis*junc"tion, n. Etym: [L. disjunctio.]

1. The act of disjoining; disunion; separation; a parting; as, the disjunction of soul and body.

2. A disjunctive proposition. Coleridge.

DISJUNCTIVE Dis*junc"tive, a. Etym: [L. disjunctivus: cf. F. disjonctif.]

1. Tending to disjoin; separating; disjoining.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: Pertaining to disjunct tetrachords. "Disjunctive notes." Moore (Encyc. of Music). Disjunctive conjunction (Gram.), one connecting grammatically two words or clauses, expressing at the same time an opposition or separation inherent in the notions or thoughts; as, either, or, neither, nor, but, although, except, lest, etc. -- Disjunctive proposition, one in which the parts are connected by disjunctive conjunctions; as it is either day or night. -- Disjunctive syllogism (Logic), one in which the major proposition is disjunctive; as, the earth moves in a circle or an ellipse; but in does not move in a circle, therefore it moves in an ellipse.

DISJUNCTIVE Dis*junc"tive, n. (a) (Gram.) A disjunctive conjunction. (b) (Logic) A disjunctive proposition.

DISJUNCTIVELY Dis*junc"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disjunctive manner; separately. Dr. H. More.

DISJUNCTURE Dis*junc"ture, n.

Defn: The act of disjoining, or state of being disjoined; separation. Fuller.

DISK Disk, n. Etym: [L. discus, Gr. Dish.] [Written also disc.]

1. A discus; a quoit. Some whirl the disk, and some the javelin dart. Pope.

2. A flat, circular plate; as, a disk of metal or paper.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: The circular figure of a celestial body, as seen projected of the heavens.

4. (Biol.)

Defn: A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disk; germinal disk, etc.

5. (Bot.) (a) The whole surface of a leaf. (b) The central part of a radiate compound flower, as in sunflower. (c) A part of the receptacle enlarged or expanded under, or around, or even on top of, the pistil.

6. (Zoöl.) (a) The anterior surface or oral area of coelenterate animals, as of sea anemones. (b) The lower side of the body of some invertebrates, especially when used for locomotion, when it is often called a creeping disk. (c) In owls, the space around the eyes. Disk engine, a form of rotary steam engine. -- Disk shell (Zoöl.), any species of Discina.

DISK CLUTCH Disk clutch. (Engin.)

Defn: A friction clutch in which the gripping surfaces are disks or more or less resemble disks.

DISKINDNESS Dis*kind"ness, n.

Defn: Unkindness; disservice. [R.] A. Tucker.

DISKLESS Disk"less, a.

Defn: Having no disk; appearing as a point and not expanded into a disk, as the image of a faint star in a telescope.

DISLADE Dis*lade", v. t.

Defn: To unlade. [Obs.] Heywood.

DISLEAL Dis*leal", a. Etym: [See Disloyal, Leal.]

Defn: Disloyal; perfidious. [Obs.] "Disleal knight." Spenser.

DISLEAVE Dis*leave", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of leaves. [R.] The cankerworms that annually that disleaved the elms. Lowell.

DISLIKE Dis*like", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disliked; p. pr. & vb. n. Disliking.]

1. To regard with dislike or aversion; to disapprove; to disrelish. Every nation dislikes an impost. Johnson.

2. To awaken dislike in; to displease. "Disliking countenance." Marston. "It dislikes me." Shak.

DISLIKE Dis*like", n.

1. A feeling of positive and usually permanent aversion to something unpleasant, uncongenial, or offensive; disapprobation; repugnance; displeasure; disfavor; -- the opposite of liking or fondness. God's grace . . . gives him continual dislike to sin. Hammond. The hint malevolent, the look oblique, The obvious satire, or implied dislike. Hannah More. We have spoken of the dislike of these excellent women for Sheridan and Fox. J. Morley. His dislike of a particular kind of sensational stories. A. W. Ward.

2. Discord; dissension. [Obs.] Fairfax.

Syn. -- Distaste; disinclination; disapprobation; disfavor; disaffection; displeasure; disrelish; aversion; reluctance; repugnance; disgust; antipathy. -- Dislike, Aversion, Reluctance, Repugnance, Disgust, Antipathy. Dislike is the more general term, applicable to both persons and things and arising either from feeling or judgment. It may mean little more than want of positive liking; but antipathy, repugnance, disgust, and aversion are more intense phases of dislike. Aversion denotes a fixed and habitual dislike; as, an aversion to or for business. Reluctance and repugnance denote a mental strife or hostility something proposed (repugnance being the stronger); as, a reluctance to make the necessary sacrifices, and a repugnance to the submission required. Disgust is repugnance either of taste or moral feeling; as, a disgust at gross exhibitions of selfishness. Antipathy is primarily an instinctive feeling of dislike of a thing, such as most persons feel for a snake. When used figuratively, it denotes a correspondent dislike for certain persons, modes of acting, etc. Men have an aversion to what breaks in upon their habits; a reluctance and repugnance to what crosses their will; a disgust at what offends their sensibilities; and are often governed by antipathies for which they can give no good reason.

DISLIKEFUL Dis*like"ful, a.

Defn: Full of dislike; disaffected; malign; disagreeable. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISLIKELIHOOD Dis*like"li*hood, n.

Defn: The want of likelihood; improbability. Sir W. Scott.

DISLIKEN Dis*lik"en, v. t.

Defn: To make unlike; to disguise. [Obs.] Shak.

DISLIKENESS Dis*like"ness, n.

Defn: Unlikeness. [R.] Locke.

DISLIKER Dis*lik"er, n.

Defn: One who dislikes or disrelishes.

DISLIMB Dis*limb", v. t.

Defn: To tear limb from limb; to dismember. [Obs.] Bailey.

DISLIMN Dis*limn", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + limn.]

Defn: To efface, as a picture. [Obs.] Shak.

DISLINK Dis*link", v. t.

Defn: To unlink; to disunite; to separate. [R.] Tennyson.

DISLIVE Dis*live", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of life. [Obs.] Telemachus dislived Amphimedon. Chapman.

DISLOCATE Dis"lo*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dislocated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dislocating.] Etym: [LL. dislocatus, p. p. of dislocare; dis- + locare to place, fr. locus place. See Locus.]

Defn: To displace; to put out of its proper place. Especially, of a bone: To remove from its normal connections with a neighboring bone; to put out of joint; to move from its socket; to disjoint; as, to dislocate your bones. Shak. After some time the strata on all sides of the globe were dislocated. Woodward. And thus the archbishop's see, dislocated or out of joint for a time, was by the hands of his holiness set right again. Fuller.

DISLOCATE Dis"lo*cate, a. Etym: [LL. dislocatus, p. p.]

Defn: Dislocated. Montgomery.

DISLOCATION Dis`lo*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dislocation.]

1. The act of displacing, or the state of being displaced. T. Burnet.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: The displacement of parts of rocks or portions of strata from the situation which they originally occupied. Slips, faults, and the like, are dislocations.

3. (Surg.)

Defn: The act of dislocating, or putting out of joint; also, the condition of being thus displaced.

DISLODGE Dis*lodge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dislodged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dislodging.] Etym: [OF. deslogier, F. déloger; pref. des- (L. dis-) + OF. logier, F. loger. See Lodge.]

1. To drive from a lodge or place of rest; to remove from a place of quiet or repose; as, shells resting in the sea at a considerate depth are not dislodged by storms.

2. To drive out from a place of hiding or defense; as, to dislodge a deer, or an enemy. The Volscians are dislodg'd. Shak.

DISLODGE Dis*lodge", v. i.

Defn: To go from a place of rest. [R.] Where Light and Darkness in perpetual round Lodge and dislodge by turns. Milton.

DISLODGE Dis*lodge", n.

Defn: Dwelling apart; separation. [R.]

DISLODGMENT Dis*lodg"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. délogement, OF. deslogement.]

Defn: The act or process of dislodging, or the state of being dislodged.

DISLOIGN Dis*loign", v. t. Etym: [OF. desloignier. See Eloign.]

Defn: To put at a distance; to remove. [Obs.] Low-looking dales, disloigned from common gaze. Spenser.

DISLOYAL Dis*loy"al, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + loyal: cf. OF. desloial, desleal, F. déloyal. See Loyal.]

Defn: Not loyal; not true to a sovereign or lawful superior, or to the government under which one lives; false where allegiance is due; faithless; as, a subject disloyal to the king; a husband disloyal to his wife. Without a thought disloyal. Mrs. Browning.

Syn. -- Disobedient; faithless; untrue; treacherous; perfidious; dishonest; inconstant; disaffected.

DISLOYALLY Dis*loy"al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disloyal manner.

DISLOYALTY Dis*loy"al*ty, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + loyalty: cf. OF. desloiauté, deslealté, F. déloyauté.]

Defn: Want of loyalty; lack of fidelity; violation of allegiance.

DISMAIL Dis*mail", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + mail: cf. OF. desmaillier.]

Defn: To divest of coat of mail. Spenser.

DISMAL Dis"mal, a. Etym: [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phrase dismal day properly meaning, the day when tithes must be paid. See Dime.]

1. Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Obs.] An ugly fiend more foul than dismal day. Spenser.

2. Gloomy to the eye or ear; sorrowful and depressing to the feelings; foreboding; cheerless; dull; dreary; as, a dismal outlook; dismal stories; a dismal place. Full well the busy whisper, circling round, Convey'd the dismal tidings when he frowned. Goldsmith. A dismal description of an English November. Southey.

Syn. -- Dreary; lonesome; gloomy; dark; ominous; ill-boding; fatal; doleful; lugubrious; funereal; dolorous; calamitous; sorrowful; sad; joyless; melancholy; unfortunate; unhappy.

DISMALLY Dis"mal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dismal manner; gloomily; sorrowfully; uncomfortably.

DISMALNESS Dis"mal*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dismal; gloominess.

DISMAN Dis*man", v. t.

Defn: To unman. [Obs.] Feltham.

DISMANTLE Dis*man"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dismantled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismantling.] Etym: [F. démanteler, OF. desmanteler; pref: des- (L. dis-) + manteler to cover with a cloak, defend, fr. mantel, F. manteau, cloak. See Mantle.]

1. To strip or deprive of dress; to divest.

2. To strip of furniture and equipments, guns, etc.; to unrig; to strip of walls or outworks; to break down; as, to dismantle a fort, a town, or a ship. A dismantled house, without windows or shutters to keep out the rain. Macaulay.

3. To disable; to render useless. Comber.

Syn. -- To demoDemol.

DISMARCH Dis*march", v. i.

Defn: To march away. [Obs.]

DISMARRY Dis*mar"ry, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + marry: cf. OF. desmarier, F. démarier.]

Defn: To free from the bonds of marriage; to divorce. [Obs.] Ld. Berners.

DISMARSHAL Dis*mar"shal, v. t.

Defn: To disarrange; to derange; to put in disorder. [R.] Drummond.

DISMASK Dis*mask", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + mask: cf. F. démasquer.]

Defn: To divest of a mask. Shak.

DISMAST Dis*mast", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dismasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismasting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + mast: cf. F. démâter.]

Defn: To deprive of a mast of masts; to break and carry away the masts from; as, a storm dismasted the ship.

DISMASTMENT Dis*mast"ment, n.

Defn: The act of dismasting; the state of being dismasted. [R.] Marshall.

DISMAW Dis*maw", v. t.

Defn: To eject from the maw; to disgorge. [R.] Shelton.

DISMAY Dis*may", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dismayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismaying.] Etym: [OE. desmaien, dismaien, OF. esmaier; pref. es- (L. ex) + OHG. magan to be strong or able; akin to E. may. In English the pref. es- was changed to dis- (L. dis-). See May, v. i.]

1. To disable with alarm or apprehensions; to depress the spirits or courage of; to deprive or firmness and energy through fear; to daunt; to appall; to terrify. Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed. Josh. i. 9. What words be these What fears do you dismay Fairfax.

2. To render lifeless; to subdue; to disquiet. [Obs.] Do not dismay yourself for this. Spenser.

Syn. -- To terrify; fright; affright; frighten; appall; daunt; dishearthen; dispirit; discourage; deject; depress. -- To Dismay, Daunt, Appall. Dismay denotes a state of deep and gloomy apprehension. To daunt supposes something more sudden and startling. To appall is the strongest term, implying a sense of terror which overwhelms the faculties. So flies a herd of beeves, that hear, dismayed, The lions roaring through the midnight shade. Pope. Jove got such heroes as my sire, whose soul No fear could daunt, nor earth nor hell control. Pope. Now the last ruin the whole host appalls; Now Greece has trembled in her wooden walls. Pope.

DISMAY Dis*may", v. i.

Defn: To take dismay or fright; to be filled with dismay. [Obs.] Shak.

DISMAY Dis*may", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. esmai, F. émoi. See Dismay, v. t.]

1. Loss of courage and firmness through fear; overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits; consternation. I . . . can not think of such a battle without dismay. Macaulay. Thou with a tiger spring dost leap upon thy prey, And tear his helpless breast, o'erwhelmed with wild dismay. Mrs. Barbauld.

2. Condition fitted to dismay; ruin. Spenser.

Syn. -- Dejection; discouragement; depression; fear; fright; terror; apprehension; alarm; affright.

DISMAYEDNESS Dis*may"ed*ness, n.

Defn: A state of being dismayed; dejection of courage; dispiritedness.

DISMAYFUL Dis*may"ful, a.

Defn: Terrifying. Spenser.

DISME Disme, n. Etym: [OF. See Dime.]

Defn: A tenth; a tenth part; a tithe. Ayliffe.

DISMEMBER Dis*mem"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dismembered; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismembering.] Etym: [OF. desmembrer, F. démembrer; pref. des- (L. dis) + OF. & F. membre limb. See Member.]

1. To tear limb from limb; to dilacerate; to disjoin member from member; to tear or cut in pieces; to break up. Fowls obscene dismembered his remains. Pope. A society lacerated and dismembered. Gladstone. By whose hands the blow should be struck which would dismember that once mighty empire. Buckle.

2. To deprive of membership. [Obs.] They were dismembered by vote of the house. R. North.

Syn. -- To disjoint; dislocate; dilacerate; mutilate; divide; sever.

DISMEMBERMENT Dis*mem"ber*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. desmembrement, F. démembrement.]

Defn: The act of dismembering, or the state of being dismembered; cutting in piece; m The Castilians would doubtless have resented the dismemberment of the unwieldy body of which they formed the head. Macaulay.

DISMETTLED Dis*met"tled, a.

Defn: Destitute of mettle, that is, or fire or spirit. [R.] Llewellyn.

DISMISS Dis*miss", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dismissed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismissing.] Etym: [L. dis- + missus, p. p. of mittere to send: cf. dimittere, OF. desmetre, F. démettre. See Demise, and cf. Dimit.]

1. To send away; to give leave of departure; to cause or permit to go; to put away. He dismissed the assembly. Acts xix. 41. Dismiss their cares when they dismiss their flock. Cowper. Though he soon dismissed himself from state affairs. Dryden.

2. To discard; to remove or discharge from office, service, or employment; as, the king dismisses his ministers; the matter dismisses his servant.

3. To lay aside or reject as unworthy of attentions or regard, as a petition or motion in court.

DISMISS Dis*miss", n.

Defn: Dismission. [Obs.] Sir T. Herbert.

DISMISSAL Dis*miss"al, n.

Defn: Dismission; discharge. Officeholders were commanded faithfully to enforce it, upon pain of immediate dismissal. Motley.

DISMISSION Dis*mis"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. L. dimissio.]

1. The act dismissing or sending away; permission to leave; leave to depart; dismissal; as, the dismission of the grand jury.

2. Removal from office or employment; discharge, either with honor or with disgrace.

3. Rejection; a setting aside as trivial, invalid, or unworthy of consideration.

DISMISSIVE Dis*miss"ive, a.

Defn: Giving dismission.

DISMORTGAGE Dis*mort"gage (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dismortaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismortgaging.]

Defn: To redeem from mortgage. [Obs.] Howell.

DISMOUNT Dis*mount", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dismounted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dismounting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + mount: cf. OF. desmonter, F. démonter.]

1. To come down; to descend. [Poetic] But now the bright sun ginneth to dismount. Spenser.

2. To alight from a horse; to descend or get off, as a rider from his beast; as, the troops dismounted.

DISMOUNT Dis*mount", v. t.

1. To throw or bring down from an elevation, place of honor and authority, or the like. Dismounted from his authority. Barrow.

2. To throw or remove from a horse; to unhorse; as, the soldier dismounted his adversary.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: To take down, or apart, as a machine.

4. To throw or remove from the carriage, or from that on which a thing is mounted; to break the carriage or wheels of, and render useless; to deprive of equipments or mountings; -- said esp. of artillery.

DISNATURALIZE Dis*nat"u*ral*ize, v. t.

Defn: To make alien; to deprive of the privileges of birth. Locke.

DISNATURED Dis*na"tured, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + nature: cf. OF. desnaturé, F. dénaturé.]

Defn: Deprived or destitute of natural feelings; unnatural. [Obs.] Shak.

DISOBEDIENCE Dis`o*be"di*ence, n.

Defn: Neglect or refusal to obey; violation of a command or prohibition. He is undutiful to him other actions, and lives in open disobedience. Tillotson.

DISOBEDIENCY Dis`o*be"di*en*cy, n.

Defn: Disobedience.

DISOBEDIENT Dis`o*be"di*ent, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + obedient. See Disobey, Obedient.]

1. Neglecting or refusing to obey; omitting to do what is commanded, or doing what is prohibited; refractory; not observant of duty or rules prescribed by authority; -- applied to persons and acts. This disobedient spirit in the colonies. Burke. Disobedient unto the word of the Lord. 1 Kings xiii. 26.

2. Not yielding. Medicines used unnecessarily contribute to shorten life, by sooner rendering peculiar parts of the system disobedient to stimuli. E. Darwin.

DISOBEDIENTLY Dis`o*be"di*ent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disobedient manner.

DISOBEISANCE Dis`o*bei"sance, n. Etym: [F. désobéissance.]

Defn: Disobedience. [Obs.] E. Hall.

DISOBEISANT Dis`o*bei"sant, a. Etym: [F. désobéissant.]

Defn: Disobedient. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISOBEY Dis`o*bey", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disobeyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disobeying.] Etym: [F. désobéir; pref. dés- (L. dis-) + obéir. See Obey, and cf. Disobedient.]

Defn: Not to obey; to neglect or refuse to obey (a superior or his commands, the laws, etc.); to transgress the commands of (one in authority); to violate, as an order; as, refractory children disobey their parents; men disobey their Maker and the laws. Not to disobey her lord's behest. Tennyson.

DISOBEY Dis`o*bey", v. i.

Defn: To refuse or neglect to obey; to violate commands; to be disobedient. He durst not know how to disobey. Sir P. Sidney.

DISOBEYER Dis`o*bey"er, n.

Defn: One who disobeys.

DISOBLIGATION Dis*ob`li*ga"tion, n.

1. The act of disobliging.

2. A disobliging act; an offense. [Obs.] Clarendon.

3. Release from obligation. Jer. Taylor.

DISOBLIGATORY Dis*ob"li*ga*to*ry, a.

Defn: Releasing from obligation. "Disobligatory power." Charles I.

DISOBLIGE Dis`o*blige", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disobliged; p. pr. & vb. n. Disobliging.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + oblige: cf. F. désobliger.]

1. To do an act which contravenes the will or desires of; to offend by an act of unkindness or incivility; to displease; to refrain from obliging; to be unaccommodating to. Those . . . who slight and disoblige their friends, shall infallibly come to know the value of them by having none when they shall most need them. South. My plan has given offense to some gentlemen, whom it would not be very safe to disoblige. Addison.

2. To release from obligation. [Obs.] Absolving and disobliging from a more general command for some just and reasonable cause. Milton.

DISOBLIGEMENT Dis`o*blige"ment, n.

Defn: Release from obligation. [Obs.]

DISOBLIGER Dis`o*bli"ger, n.

Defn: One who disobliges.

DISOBLIGING Dis`o*bli"ging, a.

1. Not obliging; not disposed to do a favor; unaccommodating; as, a disobliging person or act.

2. Displeasing; offensive. [Obs.] Cov. of Tongue. -- Dis`o*bli"ging*ly, adv. -- Dis`o*bli"ging*ness, n.

DISOCCIDENT Dis*oc"ci*dent, v. t.

Defn: To turn away from the west; to throw out of reckoning as to longitude. [Obs.] Marvell.

DISOCCUPATION Dis*oc`cu*pa"tion, n.

Defn: The state of being unemployed; want of occupation. [R.]

DISOPINION Dis`o*pin"ion, n.

Defn: Want or difference of belief; disbelief. [Obs.] Bp. Reynolds.

DISOPPILATE Dis*op"pi*late, v. t. Etym: [L. dis- + oppilatus, p. p. of oppilare to shut up.]

Defn: To open. [Obs.] Holland.

DISORB Dis*orb", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + orb.]

Defn: To throw out of the proper orbit; to unsphere. Shak.

DISORD Dis*ord", n.

Defn: Disorder. [Obs.] Holland.

DISORDEINED Dis`or*deined", a. Etym: [See Ordain.]

Defn: Inordinate; irregular; vicious. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISORDER Dis*or"der, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + order: cf. F. désordre.]

1. Want of order or regular disposition; lack of arrangement; confusion; disarray; as, the troops were thrown into disorder; the papers are in disorder.

2. Neglect of order or system; irregularity. From vulgar bounds with brave disorder part, And snatch a grace beyond the reach of art. Pope.

3. Breach of public order; disturbance of the peace of society; tumult. Shak.

4. Disturbance of the functions of the animal economy of the soul; sickness; derangement. "Disorder in the body." Locke.

Syn. -- Irregularity; disarrangement; confusion; tumult; bustle; disturbance; disease; illness; indisposition; sickness; ailment; malady; distemper. See Disease.

DISORDER Dis*or"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disordered; p. pr. & vb. n. Disordering.]

1. To disturb the order of; to derange or disarrange; to throw into confusion; to confuse. Disordering the whole frame or jurisprudence. Burke. The burden . . . disordered the aids and auxiliary rafters into a common ruin. Jer. Taylor.

2. To disturb or interrupt the regular and natural functions of (either body or mind); to produce sickness or indisposition in; to discompose; to derange; as, to disorder the head or stomach. A man whose judgment was so much disordered by party spirit. Macaulay.

3. To depose from holy orders. [Obs.] Dryden.

Syn. -- To disarrange; derange; confuse; discompose.

DISORDERED Dis*or"dered, a.

1. Thrown into disorder; deranged; as, a disordered house, judgment.

2. Disorderly. [Obs.] Shak. -- Dis*or"dered*ly, adv. -- Dis*or"dered*ness, n.

DISORDERLINESS Dis*or"der*li*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being disorderly.

DISORDERLY Dis*or"der*ly, a.

1. Not in order; marked by disorder; disarranged; immethodical; as, the books and papers are in a disorderly state.

2. Not acting in an orderly way, as the functions of the body or mind.

3. Not complying with the restraints of order and law; tumultuous; unruly; lawless; turbulent; as, disorderly people; disorderly assemblies.

4. (Law)

Defn: Offensive to good morals and public decency; notoriously offensive; as, a disorderly house.

Syn. -- Irregular; immethodical; confused; tumultuous; inordinate; intemperate; unruly; lawless; vicious.

DISORDERLY Dis*or"der*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disorderly manner; without law or order; irregularly; confusedly. Withdraw yourselves from every brother that walketh disorderly. 2 Thess. iii. 6. Savages fighting disorderly with stones. Sir W. Raleigh.

DISORDINANCE Dis*or"di*nance, n.

Defn: Disarrangement; disturbance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISORDINATE Dis*or"di*nate, a.

Defn: Inordinate; disorderly. [Obs.] "With disordinate gestures." Prynne.

DISORDINATELY Dis*or"di*nate*ly, adv.

Defn: Inordinately. [Obs.] E. Hall.

DISORDINATION Dis*or`di*na"tion, n.

Defn: The state of being in disorder; derangement; confusion. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISORGANIZATION Dis*or`gan*i*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. désorganisation. See Disorganize, v. t.]

1. The act of disorganizing; destruction of system.

2. The state of being disorganized; as, the disorganization of the body, or of government. The magazine of a pawnbroker in such total disorganization, that the owner can never lay his hands upon any one article at the moment he has occasion for it. Sir W. Scott.

DISORGANIZE Dis*or"gan*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disorganized; p. pr. & vb. n. Disorganizing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + organize: cf. F. désorganiser.]

Defn: To destroy the organic structure or regular system of (a government, a society, a party, etc.); to break up (what is organized); to throw into utter disorder; to disarrange. Lyford . . . attempted to disorganize the church. Eliot (1809).

DISORGANIZER Dis*or"gan*i`zer, n.

Defn: One who disorganizes or causes disorder and confusion.

DISORIENT Dis*o"ri*ent, v. t.

Defn: To turn away from the cast; to confuse as to which way is east; to cause to lose one's bearings. [R.] Bp. Warburton.

DISORIENTATE Dis*o"ri*en*tate, v. t.

Defn: To turn away from the east, or (figuratively) from the right or the truth. [R.]

DISOWN Dis*own", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disowned; p. pr. & vb. n. Disowning.]

1. To refuse to own or acknowledge as belonging to one's self; to disavow or deny, as connected with one's self personally; as, a parent can hardly disown his child; an author will sometimes disown his writings.

2. To refuse to acknowledge or allow; to deny. Then they, who brother's better claim disown, Expel their parents, and usurp the throne. Dryden.

Syn. -- To disavow; disclaim; deny; abnegate; renounce; disallow.

DISOWNMENT Dis*own"ment, n.

Defn: Act of disowning. [R.]

DISOXIDATE Dis*ox"i*date, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deoxidate; to deoxidize. [R.]

DISOXIDATION Dis*ox`i*da"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Deoxidation. [R.]

DISOXYGENATE Dis*ox"y*gen*ate, v. t. (Chem.)

Defn: To deprive of oxygen; to deoxidize. [R.]

DISOXYGENATION Dis*ox`y*gen*a"tion, n. (Chem.)

Defn: Deoxidation. [R.]

DISPACE Dis*pace", v. i. Etym: [Pref. dis- asunder, different ways, to and fro + pace.]

Defn: To roam. [Obs.] In this fair plot dispacing to and fro. Spenser.

DISPAIR Dis*pair", v. t.

Defn: To separate (a pair). [R.] I have . . . dispaired two doves. Beau. & Fl.

DISPAND Dis*pand", v. t. Etym: [L. dispandere to spread out; pref. dis- + pandere, pansum, to spread out.]

Defn: To spread out; to expand. [Obs.] Bailey.

DISPANSION Dis*pan"sion, n. Etym: [See Dispand.]

Defn: Act of dispanding, or state of being dispanded. [Obs.]

DISPARADISED Dis*par"a*dised, a.

Defn: Removed from paradise. [R.] Cockeram.

DISPARAGE Dis*par"age (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disparaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Disparaging.] Etym: [OF. desparagier, F. déparager, to marry unequally; pref. des- (L. dis-) + F. parage extraction, lineage, from L. par equal, peer. See Peer.]

1. To match unequally; to degrade or dishonor by an unequal marriage. [Obs.] Alas! that any of my nation Should ever so foul disparaged be. Chaucer.

2. To dishonor by a comparison with what is inferior; to lower in rank or estimation by actions or words; to speak slightingly of; to depreciate; to undervalue. Those forbidding appearances which sometimes disparage the actions of men sincerely pious. Bp. Atterbury. Thou durst not thus disparage glorious arms. Milton.

Syn. -- To decry; depreciate; undervalue; underrate; cheapen; vilify; reproach; detract from; derogate from; degrade; debase. See Decry.

DISPARAGE Dis"pa*rage`, n.

Defn: Inequality in marriage; marriage with an inferior. [Obs.] Chaucer. Dissuaded her from such a disparage. Spenser.

DISPARAGEMENT Dis*par"age*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. desparagement.]

1. Matching any one in marriage under his or her degree; injurious union with something of inferior excellence; a lowering in rank or estimation. [Eng.] And thought that match a foul disparagement. Spenser.

2. Injurious comparison with an inferior; a depreciating or dishonoring opinion or insinuation; diminution of value; dishonor; indignity; reproach; disgrace; detraction; -- commonly with to. It ought to be no disparagement to a star that it is not the sun. South. Imitation is a disparagement and a degradation in a Christian minister. I. Taylor.

Syn. -- Indignity; derogation; detraction; reproach; dishonor; debasement; degradation; disgrace.

DISPARAGER Dis*par"a*ger, n.

Defn: One who disparages or dishonors; one who vilifies or disgraces.

DISPARAGINGLY Dis*par"a*ging*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to disparage or dishonor; slightingly.

DISPARATE Dis"pa*rate, a. Etym: [L. disparatus, p. p. of disparare to part, separate; dis- + parare to make ready, prepare.]

1. Unequal; dissimilar; separate. Connecting disparate thoughts, purely by means of resemblances in the words expressing them. Coleridge.

2. (Logic)

Defn: Pertaining to two coördinate species or divisions.

DISPARATES Dis"pa*rates, n. pl.

Defn: Things so unequal or unlike that they can not be compared with each other.

DISPARITION Dis`pa*ri"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. disparition.]

Defn: Act of disappearing; disappearance. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DISPARITY Dis*par"i*ty, n.; pl. Disparities. Etym: [LL. disparitas, fr. L. dispar unlike, unequal; dis- + par equal: cf. F. disparité. See Par, Peer.]

Defn: Inequality; difference in age, rank, condition, or excellence; dissimilitude; -- followed by between, in, of, as to, etc.; as, disparity in, or of, years; a disparity as to color. The disparity between God and his intelligent creatures. I. Taylor. The disparity of numbers was not such as ought to cause any uneasiness. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Inequality; unlikeness; dissimilitude; disproportion; difference.

DISPARK Dis*park", v. t.

1. To throw (a park or inclosure); to treat (a private park) as a common. The Gentiles were made to be God's people when the Jews' inclosure was disparked. Jer. Taylor.

2. To set at large; to release from inclosure. Till his free muse threw down the pale, And did at once dispark them all. Waller.

DISPARKLE Dis*par"kle, v. t. Etym: [OF. desparpeillier.]

Defn: To scatter abroad. [Obs.] Holland.

DISPART Dis*part", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disparted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disparting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + part: cf. OF. despartir.]

Defn: To part asunder; to divide; to separate; to sever; to rend; to rive or split; as, disparted air; disparted towers. [Archaic] Them in twelve troops their captain did dispart. Spenser. The world will be whole, and refuses to be disparted. Emerson.

DISPART Dis*part", v. i.

Defn: To separate, to open; to cleave.

DISPART Dis*part", n.

1. (Gun.)

Defn: The difference between the thickness of the metal at the mouth and at the breech of a piece of ordnance. On account of the dispart, the line of aim or line of metal, which is in a plane passing through the axis of the gun, always makes a small angle with the axis. Eng. Cys.

2. (Gun.)

Defn: A piece of metal placed on the muzzle, or near the trunnions, on the top of a piece of ordnance, to make the line of sight parallel to the axis of the bore; -- called also dispart sight, and muzzle sight.

DISPART Dis*part", v. t.

1. (Gun.)

Defn: To make allowance for the dispart in (a gun), when taking aim. Every gunner, before he shoots, must truly dispart his piece. Lucar.

2. (Gun.)

Defn: To furnish with a dispart sight.

DISPASSION Dis*pas"sion, n.

Defn: Freedom from passion; an undisturbed state; apathy. Sir W. Temple.

DISPASSIONATE Dis*pas"sion*ate, a.

1. Free from passion; not warped, prejudiced, swerved, or carried away by passion or feeling; judicial; calm; composed. Wise and dispassionate men. Clarendon.

2. Not dictated by passion; not proceeding from temper or bias; impartial; as, dispassionate proceedings; a dispassionate view.

Syn. -- Calm; cool; composed serene; unimpassioned; temperate; moderate; impartial; unruffled. -- Dis*pas"sion*ate*ly, adv. -- Dis*pas"sion*ate*ness, n.

DISPASSIONED Dis*pas"sioned, a.

Defn: Free from passion; dispassionate. [R.] "Dispassioned men." Donne.

DISPATCH Dis*patch" (; 224), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispatched; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispatching.] Etym: [OF. despeechier, F. dépêcher; prob. from pref. des- (L. dis-) + (assumed) LL. pedicare to place obstacles in the way, fr. L. pedica fetter, fr. pes, pedis, foot. See Foot, and cf. Impeach, Despatch.] [Written also despatch.]

1. To dispose of speedily, as business; to execute quickly; to make a speedy end of; to finish; to perform. Ere we put ourselves in arms, dispatch we The business we have talked of. Shak. [The] harvest men . . . almost in one fair day dispatcheth all the harvest work. Robynson (More's Utopia).

2. To rid; to free. [Obs.] I had clean dispatched myself of this great charge. Udall.

3. To get rid of by sending off; to send away hastily. Unless dispatched to the mansion house in the country . . . they perish among the lumber of garrets. Walpole.

4. To send off or away; -- particularly applied to sending off messengers, messages, letters, etc., on special business, and implying haste. Even with the speediest expedition I will dispatch him to the emperor's couShak.

5. To send out of the world; to put to death. The company shall stone them with stones, and dispatch them with their swords. Ezek. xxiii. 47.

Syn. -- To expedite; hasten; speed; accelerate; perform; conclude; finish; slay; kill.

DISPATCH Dis*patch", v. i.

Defn: To make haste; to conclude an affair; to finish a matter of business. They have dispatched with Pompey. Shak.

DISPATCH Dis*patch", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. despeche, F. dépêche. See Dispatch, v. t.] [Written also despatch.]

1. The act of sending a message or messenger in haste or on important business.

2. Any sending away; dismissal; riddance. To the utter dispatch of all their most beloved comforts. Milton.

3. The finishing up of a business; speedy performance, as of business; prompt execution; diligence; haste. Serious business, craving quick dispatch. Shak. To carry his scythe . . . with a sufficient dispatch through a sufficient space. Paley.

4. A message dispatched or sent with speed; especially, an important official letter sent from one public officer to another; -- often used in the plural; as, a messenger has arrived with dispatches for the American minister; naval or military dispatches.

5. A message transmitted by telegraph. [Modern] Dispatch boat, a swift vessel for conveying dispatches; an advice boat. -- Dispatch box, a box for carrying dispatches; a box for papers and other conveniences when traveling.

Syn. -- Haste; hurry; promptness; celerity; speed. See Haste.

DISPATCHER Dis*patch"er, n.

Defn: One who dispatches.

DISPATCHFUL Dis*patch"ful, a.

Defn: Bent on haste; intent on speedy execution of business or any task; indicating haste; quick; as, dispatchful looks. Milton.

DISPATCHMENT Dis*patch"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. despechement.]

Defn: The act of dispatching. [Obs.] State Trials (1529).

DISPATHY Dis"pa*thy, n.; pl. Dispathies. Etym: [Pref. dis- + Gr. Pathos.]

Defn: Lack of sympathy; want of passion; apathy. [R.] Many discrepancies and some dispathies between us. Southey.

DISPAUPER Dis*pau"per, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of the claim of a pauper to public support; to deprive of the privilege of suing in forma pauperis.

DISPAUPERIZE Dis*pau"per*ize, v. t.

Defn: To free a state of pauperism, or from paupers. J. S. Mill.

DISPEED Dis*peed", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + speed.]

Defn: To send off with speed; to dispatch. [Obs.] Knolles. Then they dispeeded themselves of the Cid and of their mother-in-law, DoSouthey.

DISPEL Dis*pel", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispelling.] Etym: [L. dispellere; dis- + pellere to push, drive. See Pulse a beating.]

Defn: To drive away by scattering, or so to cause to vanish; to clear away; to banish; to dissipate; as, to dispel a cloud, vapors, cares, doubts, illusions. [Satan] gently raised their fainting courage, and dispelled their fears. Milton. I saw myself the lambent easy light Gild the brown horror, and dispel the night. Dryden.

DISPENCE Dis*pence", v. i. & n.

Defn: See Dispense. [Obs.]

DISPEND Dis*pend", v. t. Etym: [OF. despendre, L. dispendere to weigh out, dispense; dis- + pendere to weigh. See Pension, Spend, and cf. Dispense.]

Defn: To spend; to lay out; to expend. [Obs.] Spenser. Able to dispend yearly twenty pounds and above. Fuller.

DISPENDER Dis*pend"er, n.

Defn: One who dispends or expends; a steward. [Obs.] Wyclif (1 Cor. iv. 1).

DISPENSABLE Dis*pen"sa*ble, a. Etym: [LL. dispensabilis. See Dispense.]

1. Capable of being dispensed or administered.

2. Capable of being dispensed with. Coleridge.

DISPENSABLENESS Dis*pen"sa*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being dispensable.

DISPENSARY Dis*pen"sa*ry, n.; pl. Dispensaries. Etym: [Cf. F. dispensaire.]

1. A place where medicines are prepared and dispensed; esp., a place where the poor can obtain medical advice and medicines gratuitously or at a nominal price.

2. A dispensatory. Pope.

DISPENSATION Dis`pen*sa"tion, n. Etym: [F. dispensation, L. dispensatio.]

1. The act of dispensing or dealing out; distribution; often used of the distribution of good and evil by God to man, or more generically, of the acts and modes of his administration. To respect the dispensations of Providence. Burke.

2. That which is dispensed, dealt out, or appointed; that which is enjoined or bestowed; especially (Theol.),

Defn: a system of principles, promises, and rules ordained and administered; scheme; economy; as, the Patriarchal, Mosaic, and Christian dispensations. Neither are God's methods or intentions different in his dispensations to each private man. Rogers.

3. The relaxation of a law in a particular case; permission to do something forbidden, or to omit doing something enjoined; specifically, in the Roman Catholic Church, exemption from some ecclesiastical law or obligation to God which a man has incurred of his own free will (oaths, vows, etc.). A dispensation was obtained to enable Dr. Barrow to marry. Ward.

DISPENSATIVE Dis*pen"sa*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dispensatif.]

Defn: Granting dispensation.

DISPENSATIVELY Dis*pen"sa*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: By dispensation. Wotton.

DISPENSATOR Dis"pen*sa`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A distributer; a dispenser. Bacon.

DISPENSATORILY Dis*pen"sa*to*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In the way of dispensation; dispensatively.

DISPENSATORY Dis*pen"sa*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. dispensatorius relating to management. See Dispense, v. t.]

Defn: Granting, or authorized to grant, dispensations. "Dispensatory power." Bp. Rainbow.

DISPENSATORY Dis*pen"sa*to*ry, n.; pl. Dispensatories (.

Defn: A book or medicinal formulary containing a systematic description of drugs, and of preparations made from them. It is usually, but not always, distinguished from a pharmacopoeia in that it issued by private parties, and not by an official body or by government.

DISPENSE Dis*pense", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispensed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispensing.] Etym: [F. dispenser, L. dispensare, intens. of dispendere. See Dispend.]

1. To deal out in portions; to distribute; to give; as, the steward dispenses provisions according directions; Nature dispenses her bounties; to dispense medicines. He is delighted to dispense a share of it to all the company. Sir W. Scott.

2. To apply, as laws to particular cases; to administer; to execute; to manage; to direct. While you dispense the laws, and guide the state. Dryden.

3. To pay for; to atone for. [Obs.] His sin was dispensed With gold, whereof it was compensed. Gower.

4. To exempt; to excuse; to absolve; -- with from. It was resolved that all members of the House who held commissions, should be dispensed from parliamentary attendance. Macaulay. He appeared to think himself born to be supported by others, and dispensed from all necessity of providing for himself. Johnson.

DISPENSE Dis*pense", v. i.

1. To compensate; to make up; to make amends. [Obs.] One loving hour For many years of sorrow can dispense. Spenser.

2. To give dispensation. He [the pope] can also dispense in all matters of ecclesiastical law. Addis & Arnold (Cath. Dict. ) To dispense with. (a) To permit the neglect or omission of, as a form, a ceremony, an oath; to suspend the operation of, as a law; to give up, release, or do without, as services, attention, etc.; to forego; to part with. (b) To allow by dispensation; to excuse; to exempt; to grant dispensation to or for. [Obs.] "Conniving and dispensing with open and common adultery." Milton. (c) To break or go back from, as one's word. [Obs.] Richardson.

DISPENSE Dis*pense", n. Etym: [Cf. F. dispense dispensation. See Dispense, v. t.]

Defn: Dispensation; exemption. [Obs.]

DISPENSE Dis*pense", n. Etym: [OF. despense, F. dépense.]

Defn: Expense; profusion; outlay. [Obs.] It was a vault built for great dispense. Spenser.

DISPENSER Dis*pens"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dispenses; a distributer; as, a dispenser of favors.

DISPEOPLE Dis*peo"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispeopled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispeopling.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + people: cf. F. dépeupler.]

Defn: To deprive of inhabitants; to depopulate. Leave the land dispeopled and desolate. Sir T. More. A certain island long before dispeopled . . . by sea rivers. Milton.

DISPEOPLER Dis*peo"pler, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dispeoples; a depopulator. Gay.

DISPERGE Dis*perge", v. t. Etym: [L. dispergere. See Disperse.]

Defn: To sprinkle. [Obs.]

DISPERMOUS Di*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Gr. disperme.] (Bot.)

Defn: Containing only two seeds; two-seeded.

DISPERPLE Dis*per"ple, v. t. Etym: [OF. desparpe.]

Defn: To scatter; to sprinkle. [Obs.] Odorous water was Disperpled lightly on my head and neck. Chapman.

DISPERSAL Dis*per"sal, n.

Defn: The act or result of dispersing or scattering; dispersion. Darwin.

DISPERSE Dis*perse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispersed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispersing.] Etym: [L. dispersus, p. p. of dispergere to strew, scatter. See Sparse.]

1. To scatter abroad; to drive to different parts; to distribute; to diffuse; to spread; as, the Jews are dispersed among all nations. The lips of the wise disperse knowledge. Prov. xv. 7. Two lions, in the still, dark night, A herd of beeves disperse. Cowper.

2. To scatter, so as to cause to vanish; to dissipate; as, to disperse vapors. Dispersed are the glories. Shak.

Syn. -- To scatter; dissipate; dispel; spread; diffuse; distribute; deal out; disseminate.

DISPERSE Dis*perse", v. i.

1. To separate; to go or move into different parts; to vanish; as, the company dispersed at ten o'clock; the clouds disperse.

2. To distribute wealth; to share one's abundance with others. He hath dispersed, he hath given to the poor. Ps. cxii. 9.

DISPERSED Dis*persed", a.

Defn: Scattered. -- Dis*pers"ed*ly, adv. -- Dis*pers"ed*ness, n. Dispersed harmony (Mus.), harmony in which the tones composing the chord are widely separated, as by an octave or more.

DISPERSENESS Dis*perse"ness, n.

Defn: Dispersedness. [Obs.]

DISPERSER Dis*pers"er, n.

Defn: One that disperses.

DISPERSION Dis*per"sion, n. Etym: [CF. F. dispersion.]

1. The act or process of scattering or dispersing, or the state of being scattered or separated; as, the Jews in their dispersion retained their rites and ceremonies; a great dispersion of the human family took place at the building of Babel. The days of your slaughter and of your dispersions are accomplished. Jer. xxv. 34.

2. (Opt.)

Defn: The separation of light into its different colored rays, arising from their different refrangibilities. Dispersion of the optic axes (Crystallog.), the separation of the optic axes in biaxial crystals, due to the fact that the axial angle has different values for the different colors of the spectrum.

DISPERSIVE Dis*pers"ive, a.

Defn: Tending to disperse. Dispersive power (Opt.), the relative effect of a material in separating the different rays of light by refraction, as when the substance is formed into a prism. -- Dis*pers"ive*ness, n.

DISPERSONATE Dis*per"son*ate, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of personality or individuality. [R.] We multiply; we dispersonate ourselves. Hare.

DISPIRIT Dis*pir"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispirited; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispiriting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + spirit.]

1. To deprive of cheerful spirits; to depress the spirits of; to dishearten; to discourage. Not dispirited with my afflictions. Dryden. He has dispirited himself by a debauch. Collier.

2. To distill or infuse the spirit of. [Obs. or R.] This makes a man master of his learning, and dispirits the book into the scholar. Fuller.

Syn. -- To dishearten; discourage; deject; damp; depress; cast down; intimidate; daunt; cow.

DISPIRITED Dis*pir"it*ed, a.

Defn: Depressed in spirits; disheartened; daunted. -- Dis*pir"it*ed*ly, adv. -- Dis*pir"it*ed, n.

DISPIRITMENT Dis*pir"it*ment, n.

Defn: Depression of spirits; discouragement. [R.] Procter, in evident distress and dispiritment, was waiting the slow conclusion of this. Carlyle.

DISPITEOUS Dis*pit"e*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + piteous. Cf. Despiteous.]

Defn: Full of despite; cruel; spiteful; pitiless. Spenser. -- Dis*pit"e*ous*ly, adv. [Obs.]

DISPLACE Dis*place", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Displaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Displacing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + place: cf. F. déplacer.]

1. To change the place of; to remove from the usual or proper place; to put out of place; to place in another situation; as, the books in the library are all displaced.

2. To crowd out; to take the place of. Holland displaced Portugal as the mistress of those seas. London Times.

3. To remove from a state, office, dignity, or employment; to discharge; to depose; as, to displace an officer of the revenue.

4. To dislodge; to drive away; to banish. [Obs.] You have displaced the mirth. Shak.

Syn. -- To disarrange; derange; dismiss; discard.

DISPLACEABLE Dis*place"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being displaced.

DISPLACEMENT Dis*place"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. déplacement.]

1. The act of displacing, or the state of being displaced; a putting out of place. Unnecessary displacement of funds. A. Hamilton. The displacement of the sun by parallax. Whewell.

2. The quantity of anything, as water, displaced by a floating body, as by a ship, the weight of the displaced liquid being equal to that of the displacing body.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: The process of extracting soluble substances from organic material and the like, whereby a quantity of saturated solvent is displaced, or removed, for another quantity of the solvent. Piston displacement (Mech.), the volume of the space swept through, or weight of steam, water, etc., displaced, in a given time, by the piston of a steam engine or pump.

DISPLACENCY Dis*pla"cen*cy, n. Etym: [LL. displacentia, for L. displicentia, fr. displicere to displease; dis- + placere to please. See Displease, and cf. Displeasance.]

Defn: Want of complacency or gratification; envious displeasure; dislike. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DISPLACER Dis*pla"cer, n.

1. One that displaces.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The funnel part of the apparatus for solution by displacement.

DISPLANT Dis*plant", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Di; p. pr. & vb. n. Displanting.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + plant: cf. OF. desplanter, F. déplanter.]

1. To remove (what is planted or fixed); to unsettle and take away; to displace; to root out; as, to displant inhabitants. I did not think a look, Or a poor word or two, could have displanted Such a fixed constancy. Beau. & Fl.

2. To strip of what is planted or settled; as, to displant a country of inhabitants. Spenser.

DISPLANTATION Dis`plan*ta"tion, n.

Defn: The act of displanting; removal; displacement. Sir W. Raleigh.

DISPLAT Dis*plat", v. t.

Defn: To untwist; to uncurl; to unplat. [Obs.] Hakewill.

DISPLAY Dis*play", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Displayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Displaying.] Etym: [OE. displaien, desplaien, OF. despleier, desploier, F. déployer; pref. des- (L. dis-) + pleier, ploier, plier, F. ployer, plier, to fold, bend, L. plicare. See Ply, and cf. Deploy, Splay.]

1. To unfold; to spread wide; to expand; to stretch out; to spread. The northern wind his wings did broad display. Spenser.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To extend the front of (a column), bringing it into line. Farrow.

3. To spread before the view; to show; to exhibit to the sight, or to the mind; to make manifest. His statement . . . displays very clearly the actual condition of the army. Burke.

4. To make an exhibition of; to set in view conspicuously or ostentatiously; to exhibit for the sake of publicity; to parade. Proudly displaying the insignia of their order. Prescott.

5. (Print.)

Defn: To make conspicuous by large or prominent type.

6. To discover; to descry. [Obs.] And from his seat took pleasure to display The city so adorned with towers. Chapman.

Syn. -- To exhibit; show; manifest; spread out; parade; expand; flaunt.

DISPLAY Dis*play", v. i.

Defn: To make a display; to act as one making a show or demonstration. Shak.

DISPLAY Dis*play", n.

1. An opening or unfolding; exhibition; manifestation. Having witnessed displays of his power and grace. Trench.

2. Ostentatious show; exhibition for effect; parade. He died, as erring man should die, Without display, without parade. Byron.

DISPLAYED Dis*played", a.

1. Unfolded; expanded; exhibited conspicuously or ostentatiously.

2. (Her.)

Defn: With wings expanded; -- said of a bird of pray, esp. an eagle.

3. (Print.)

Defn: Set with lines of prominent type interspersed, to catch the eye.

DISPLAYER Dis*play"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, displays.

DISPLE Dis"ple, v. t.

Defn: To discipline; to correct. [Obs.] And bitter Penance, with an iron whip, Was wont him once to disple every day. Spenser.

DISPLEASANCE Dis*pleas"ance, n. Etym: [OF. desplaisance, F. déplaisance. Cf. Displacency.]

Defn: Displeasure; discontent; annoyance. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISPLEASANT Dis*pleas"ant, a. Etym: [OF. desplaisant, F. déplaisant. See Displease.]

Defn: Unpleasing; offensive; unpleasant. [Obs.] Speed. -- Dis*pleas"ant*ly, adv. [Obs.] Strype. -- Dis*pleas"ant*ness, n. [Obs.]

DISPLEASE Dis*please", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Displeased; p. pr. & vb. n. Displeasing.] Etym: [OF. desplaisir, whence F. déplaisir displeasure; pref. des- (L. dis-) + plaisir to please. See Please, and cf. Displeasure.]

1. To make not pleased; to excite a feeling of disapprobation or dislike in; to be disagreeable to; to offend; to vex; -- often followed by with or at. It usually expresses less than to anger, vex, irritate, or provoke. God was displeased with this thing. 1 Chron. xxi. 7. Wilt thou be displeased at us forever Psalms lxxxv. 5 (Bk. of Com. Prayer). This virtuous plaster will displease Your tender sides. J. Fletcher. Adversity is so wholesome . . . why should we be displeased therewith Barrow.

2. To fail to satisfy; to miss of. [Obs.] I shall displease my ends else. Beau. & Fl.

Syn. -- To offend; disgust; vex; annoy; dissatisfy; chafe; anger; provoke; affront.

DISPLEASE Dis*please", v. i.

Defn: To give displeasure or offense. [Obs.]

DISPLEASEDLY Dis*pleas"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: With displeasure. [R.]

DISPLEASEDNESS Dis*pleas"ed*ness, n.

Defn: Displeasure. [R.] South.

DISPLEASER Dis*pleas"er, n.

Defn: One who displeases.

DISPLEASING Dis*pleas"ing, a.

Defn: Causing displeasure or dissatisfaction; offensive; disagreeable. -- Dis*pleas"ing*ly, adv. -- Dis*pleas"ing*ness, n. Locke.

DISPLEASURE Dis*pleas"ure, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + pleasure: cf. OF. desplaisir, F. déplaisir. Cf. Displease.]

1. The feeling of one who is displeased; irritation or uneasiness of the mind, occasioned by anything that counteracts desire or command, or which opposes justice or a sense of propriety; disapprobation; dislike; dissatisfaction; disfavor; indignation. O Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten me in thy hot displeasure. Ps. vi. 1. Undoubtedly he will relent, and turn From his displeasure. Milton.

2. That which displeases; cause of irritation or annoyance; offense; injury. Hast thou delight to see a wretched man Do outrage and displeasure to himself Shak.

3. State of disgrace or disfavor; disfavor. [Obs.] He went into Poland, being in displeasure with the pope for overmuch familiarity. Peacham.

Syn. -- Dissatisfaction; disapprobation; disfavor; distaste; dislike; anger; hate; aversion; indignation; offense.

DISPLEASURE Dis*pleas"ure, v. t.

Defn: To displease. [Obs.] Bacon.

DISPLENISH Dis*plen"ish, v. t.

Defn: To deprive or strip, as a house of furniture, or a barn of stock. [Scot.]

DISPLICENCE; DISPLICENCY Dis"pli*cence, Dis"pli*cen*cy, n. Etym: [L. displicentia. See Displacency.]

Defn: Dislike; dissatisfaction; discontent. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

DISPLODE Dis*plode", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disploded; p. pr. & vb. n. Disploding.] Etym: [L. displodere, displosum; dis- + plodere, plaudere, to clap, strike, beat.]

Defn: To discharge; to explode. In posture to displode their second tire Of thunder. Milton.

DISPLODE Dis*plode", v. i.

Defn: To burst with a loud report; to explode. "Disploding engines." Young.

DISPLOSION Dis*plo"sion, n.

Defn: Explosion. The vast displosion dissipates the clouds. Young.

DISPLOSIVE Dis*plo"sive, a.

Defn: Explosive.

DISPLUME Dis*plume", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Displumed; p. pr. & vb. n. Displuming.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + plume: cf. OF. desplumer, F. déplumer.]

Defn: To strip of, or as of, a plume, or plumes; to deprive of decoration; to dishonor; to degrade. Displumed, degraded, and metamorphosed. Burke.

DISPOLINE Dis"po*line, n. (Chem.)

Defn: One of several isomeric organic bases of the quinoline series of alkaloids.

DISPOND Dis*pond", n.

Defn: See Despond.

DISPONDEE Di*spon"dee, n. Etym: [L. dispondeus, Gr. (Gr.

Defn: A double spondee; a foot consisting of four long syllables.

DISPONE Dis*pone", v. t. Etym: [L. disponere. See Disposition.]

1. (Her.)

Defn: To dispose.

2. To dispose of. Chaucer.

3. (Scots Law)

Defn: To make over, or convey, legally. He has disponed . . . the whole estate. Sir W. Scott.

DISPONEE Dis`po*nee", n. (Scots Law)

Defn: The person to whom any property is legally conveyed.

DISPONER Dis*pon"er, n. (Scots Law)

Defn: One who legally transfers property from himself to another.

DISPONGE Dis*ponge", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + sponge.]

Defn: To sprinkle, as with water from a sponge. [Poetic & Rare] [Written also dispunge.] O sovereign mistress of true melancholy, The poisonous damp of night disponge upon me. Shak.

DISPOPE Dis*pope", v. t.

Defn: To refuse to consider as pope; to depose from the popedom. One whom they disposed. Tennyson.

DISPOROUS Di*spor"ous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + sporous.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having two spores.

DISPORT Dis*port", n. Etym: [OF. desport, deport. See Disport, v. i., and cf. Sport.]

Defn: Play; sport; pastime; diversion; playfulness. Milton.

DISPORT Dis*port", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Disported; p. pr. & vb. n. Disporting.] Etym: [OF. se desporter; pref. des- (L. dis-) + F. porter to carry; orig. therefore, to carry one's self away from work, to go to amuse one's self. See Port demeanor, and cf. Sport.]

Defn: To play; to wanton; to move in gayety; to move lightly and without restraint; to amuse one's self. Where light disports in ever mingling dyes. Pope. Childe Harold basked him in the noontide sun, Disporting there like any other fly. Byron.

DISPORT Dis*port", v. t. Etym: [OF. desporter. See Disport, v. i.]

1. To divert or amuse; to make merry. They could disport themselves. Buckle.

2. To remove from a port; to carry away. Prynne.

DISPORTMENT Dis*port"ment, n.

Defn: Act of disporting; diversion; play. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DISPOSABLE Dis*pos"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Dispose.]

Defn: Subject to disposal; free to be used or employed as occasion may require; not assigned to any service or use. The great of this kingdom . . . has easily afforded a disposable surplus. Burke.

DISPOSAL Dis*pos"al, n. Etym: [From Dispose.]

1. The act of disposing, or disposing of, anything; arrangement; orderly distribution; a putting in order; as, the disposal of the troops in two lines.

2. Ordering; regulation; adjustment; management; government; direction. The execution leave to high disposal. Milton.

3. Regulation of the fate, condition, application, etc., of anything; the transference of anything into new hands, a new place, condition, etc.; alienation, or parting; as, a disposal of property. A domestic affair of great importance, which is no less than the disposal of my sister Jenny for life. Tatler.

4. Power or authority to dispose of, determine the condition of, control, etc., especially in the phrase at, or in, the disposal of. The sole and absolute disposal of him an his concerns. South.

Syn. -- Disposition; dispensation; management; conduct; government; distribution; arrangement; regulation; control.

DISPOSE Dis*pose", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disposed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disposing.] Etym: [F. disposer; pref. dis- + poser to place. See Pose.]

1. To distribute and put in place; to arrange; to set in order; as, to dispose the ships in the form of a crescent. Who hath disposed the whole world Job xxxiv. 13. All ranged in order and disposed with grace. Pope. The rest themselves in troops did else dispose. Spenser.

2. To regulate; to adjust; to settle; to determine. The knightly forms of combat to dispose. Dryden.

3. To deal out; to assign to a use; to bestow for an object or purpose; to apply; to employ; to dispose of. Importuned him that what he designed to bestow on her funeral, he would rather dispose among the poor. Evelyn.

4. To give a tendency or inclination to; to adapt; to cause to turn; especially, to incline the mind of; to give a bent or propension to; to incline; to make inclined; -- usually followed by to, sometimes by for before the indirect object. Endure and conquer; Jove will soon dispose To future good our past and present woes. Dryden. Suspicions dispose kings to tyranny, husbands to jealousy, and wise men to irresolution and melancholy. Bacon. To dispose of. (a) To determine the fate of; to exercise the power of control over; to fix the condition, application, employment, etc. of; to direct or assign for a use. Freedom to order their actions and dispose of their possessions and persons. Locke.

(b) To exercise finally one's power of control over; to pass over into the control of some one else, as by selling; to alienate; to part with; to relinquish; to get rid of; as, to dispose of a house; to dispose of one's time. More water . . . than can be disposed of. T. Burnet. I have disposed of her to a man of business. Tatler. A rural judge disposed of beauty's prize. Waller.

Syn. -- To set; arrange; order; distribute; adjust; regulate; adapt; fit; incline; bestow; give.

DISPOSE Dis*pose", v. i.

Defn: To bargain; to make terms. [Obs.] She had disposed with Cæsar. Shak.

DISPOSE Dis*pose", n.

1. Disposal; ordering; management; power or right of control. [Obs.] But such is the dispose of the sole Disposer of empires. Speed.

2. Cast of mind; disposition; inclination; behavior; demeanor. [Obs.] He hath a person, and a smooth dispose To be suspected. Shak.

DISPOSED Dis*posed", p. a.

1. Inclined; minded. When he was disposed to pass into Achaia. Acts xviii. 27.

2. Inclined to mirth; jolly. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl. Well disposed, in good condition; in good health. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISPOSEDNESS Dis*pos"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being disposed or inclined; inclination; propensity. [R.]

DISPOSEMENT Dis*pose"ment, n.

Defn: Disposal. [Obs.] Goodwin.

DISPOSER Dis*pos"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, disposes; a regulator; a director; a bestower. Absolute lord and disposer of all things. Barrow.

DISPOSINGLY Dis*pos"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to dispose.

DISPOSITED Dis*pos"it*ed, a. Etym: [See Disposition.]

Defn: Disposed. [Obs.] Glanvill.

DISPOSITION Dis`po*si"tion, n. Etym: [F. disposition, dispositio, fr. disponere to dispose; dis- + ponere to place. See Position, and cf. Dispone.]

1. The act of disposing, arranging, ordering, regulating, or transferring; application; disposal; as, the disposition of a man's property by will. Who have received the law by the disposition of angels. Acts vii. 53. The disposition of the work, to put all things in a beautiful order and harmony, that the whole may be of a piece. Dryden.

2. The state or the manner of being disposed or arranged; distribution; arrangement; order; as, the disposition of the trees in an orchard; the disposition of the several parts of an edifice.

3. Tendency to any action or state resulting from natural constitution; nature; quality; as, a disposition in plants to grow in a direction upward; a disposition in bodies to putrefaction.

4. Conscious inclination; propension or propensity. How stands your disposition to be married Shak.

5. Natural or prevailing spirit, or temperament of mind, especially as shown in intercourse with one's fellow-men; temper of mind. "A man of turbulent disposition." Hallam. "He is of a very melancholy disposition." Shak. His disposition led him to do things agreeable to his quality and condition wherein God had placed him. Strype.

6. Mood; humor. As I perchance hereafter shall think meet To put an antic disposition on. Shak.

Syn. -- Disposal; adjustment; regulation; arrangement; distribution; order; method; adaptation; inclination; propensity; bestowment; alienation; character; temper; mood. -- Disposition, Character, Temper. Disposition is the natural humor of a person, the predominating quality of his character, the constitutional habit of his mind. Character is this disposition influenced by motive, training, and will. Temper is a quality of the fiber of character, and is displayed chiefly when the emotions, especially the passions, are aroused.

DISPOSITIONAL Dis`po*si"tion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to disposition.

DISPOSITIONED Dis`po*si"tioned, a.

Defn: Having (such) a disposition; -- used in compounds; as, well- dispositioned.

DISPOSITIVE Dis*pos"i*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dispositif.]

1. Disposing; tending to regulate; decretive. [Obs.] His dispositive wisdom and power. Bates.

2. Belonging to disposition or natural, tendency. [Obs.] "Dispositive holiness." Jer. Taylor.

DISPOSITIVELY Dis*pos"i*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dispositive manner; by natural or moral disposition. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne. Do dispositively what Moses is recorded to have done literally, . . . break all the ten commandments at once. Boyle.

DISPOSITOR Dis*pos"it*or, n. Etym: [L. See Disposition.]

1. A disposer.

2. (Astrol.)

Defn: The planet which is lord of the sign where another planet is. [Obs.] Crabb.

DISPOSSESS Dis`pos*sess" (; see Possess), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispossessed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispossessing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + possess: cf. F. déposséder.]

Defn: To put out of possession; to deprive of the actual occupancy of, particularly of land or real estate; to disseize; to eject; -- usually followed by of before the thing taken away; as, to dispossess a king of his crown. Usurp the land, and dispossess the swain. Goldsmith.

DISPOSSESSION Dis`pos*ses"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dépossession.]

1. The act of putting out of possession; the state of being dispossessed. Bp. Hall.

2. (Law)

Defn: The putting out of possession, wrongfully or otherwise, of one who is in possession of a freehold, no matter in what title; -- called also ouster.

DISPOSSESSOR Dis`pos*sess"or, n.

Defn: One who dispossesses. Cowley.

DISPOST Dis*post", v. t.

Defn: To eject from a post; to displace. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).

DISPOSURE Dis*po"sure, n. Etym: [From Dispose.]

1. The act of disposing; power to dispose of; disposal; direction. Give up My estate to his disposure. Massinger.

2. Disposition; arrangement; position; posture. [Obs.] In a kind of warlike disposure. Sir H. Wotton.

DISPRAISABLE Dis*prais"a*ble, a.

Defn: Blamable. [R.]

DISPRAISE Dis*praise", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dispraised; p. pr. & vb. n. Dispraising.] Etym: [OE. dispreisen, OF. desprisier, despreisier, F. dépriser; pref. des- (L. dis-) + prisier, F. priser, to prize, praise. See Praise, and cf. Disprize, Depreciate.]

Defn: To withdraw praise from; to notice with disapprobation or some degree of censure; to disparage; to blame. Dispraising the power of his adversaries. Chaucer. I dispraised him before the wicked, that the wicked might not fall in love with him. Shak.

DISPRAISE Dis*praise", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. despris. See Dispraise, v. t.]

Defn: The act of dispraising; detraction; blame censure; reproach; disparagement. Dryden. In praise and in dispraise the same. Tennyson.

DISPRAISER Dis*prais"er, n.

Defn: One who blames or dispraises.

DISPRAISINGLY Dis*praising*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of dispraise.

DISPREAD Dis*pread", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + spread.]

Defn: To spread abroad, or different ways; to spread apart; to open; as, the sun dispreads his beams. Spenser.

DISPREAD Dis*pread", v. i.

Defn: To extend or expand itself. [R.] While tyrant Hdispreading through the sky. Thomson.

DISPREADER Dis*pread"er, n.

Defn: One who spreads abroad. Dispreaders both of vice and error. Milton.

DISPREJUDICE Dis*prej"u*dice, v. t.

Defn: To free from prejudice. [Obs.] W. Montagu.

DISPREPARE Dis`pre*pare", v. t.

Defn: To render unprepared. [Obs.] Hobbes.

DISPRINCE Dis*prince", v. t.

Defn: To make unlike a prince. [R.] For I was drench'd with ooze, and torn with briers, . . . And, all one rag, disprinced from head to heel. Tennyson.

DISPRISON Dis*pris"on, v. t.

Defn: To let loose from prison, to set all liberty. [R.] Bulwer.

DISPRIVILEGE Dis*priv"i*lege, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of a privilege or privileges. [R.]

DISPRIZE Dis*prize", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Dispraise.]

Defn: To do preciate. [R.] Cotton (Ode to Lydia).

DISPROFESS Dis`pro*fess", v. t.

Defn: To renounce the profession or pursuit of. His arms, which he had vowed to disprofess. Spenser.

DISPROFIT Dis*prof"it, n.

Defn: Loss; damage. Foxe.

DISPROFIT Dis*prof"it, v. i. & i.

Defn: To be, or to cause to be, without profit or benefit. [Obs. or Archaic] Bale.

DISPROFITABLE Dis*prof"it*a*ble, a.

Defn: Unprofitable. [Obs.]

DISPROOF Dis*proof", n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + proof. Cf. Disprove.]

Defn: A proving to be false or erroneous; confutation; refutation; as, to offer evidence in disproof of a statement. I need not offer anything farther in support of one, or in disproof of the other. Rogers.

DISPROPERTY Dis*prop"er*ty, v. t.

Defn: To cause to be no longer property; to dispossess of. [R.] Shak.

DISPROPORTION Dis`pro*por"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + proportion: cf. F. disproportion.]

1. Want of proportion in form or quantity; lack of symmetry; as, the arm may be in disproportion to the body; the disproportion of the length of a building to its height.

2. Want of suitableness, adequacy, or due proportion to an end or use; unsuitableness; disparity; as, the disproportion of strength or means to an object.

DISPROPORTION Dis`pro*por"tion, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disproportioned; p. pr. & vb. n. Disproportioning.]

Defn: To make unsuitable in quantity, form, or fitness to an end; to violate symmetry in; to mismatch; to join unfitly. To shape my legs of an unequal size; To disproportion me in every part. Shak. A degree of strength altogether disproportioned to the extent of its territory. Prescott.

DISPROPORTIONABLE Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble, a.

Defn: Disproportional; unsuitable in form, size, quantity, or adaptation; disproportionate; inadequate. -- Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness, n. Hammond. -- Dis`pro*por"tion*a*bly, adv.

DISPROPORTIONAL Dis`pro*por"tion*al, a.

Defn: Not having due proportion to something else; not having proportion or symmetry of parts; unsuitable in form, quantity or value; inadequate; unequal; as, a disproportional limb constitutes deformity in the body; the studies of youth should not be disproportional to their understanding.

DISPROPORTIONALITY Dis`pro*por`tion*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being disproportional. Dr. H. More.

DISPROPORTIONALLY Dis`pro*por"tion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disproportional manner; unsuitably in form, quantity, or value; unequally.

DISPROPORTIONATE Dis`pro*por"tion*ate, a.

Defn: Not proportioned; unsymmetrical; unsuitable to something else in bulk, form, value, or extent; out of proportion; inadequate; as, in a perfect body none of the limbs are disproportionate; it is wisdom not to undertake a work disproportionate means. -- Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ly, adv. -- Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ness, n.

DISPROPRIATE Dis*pro"pri*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. dis- + propriare to appropriate, fr. proprius one's own, proper.]

Defn: To cancel the appropriation of; to disappropriate. [R.]

DISPROVABLE Dis*prov"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being disproved or refuted. Boyle.

DISPROVAL Dis*prov"al, n.

Defn: Act of disproving; disproof. [R.]

DISPROVE Dis*prove", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disproved; p. pr. & vb. n. Disproving.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + prove: cf. OF. desprover.]

1. To prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; to refute. That false supposition I advanced in order to disprove it. Atterbury.

2. To disallow; to disapprove of. [Obs.] Stirling.

DISPROVER Dis*prov"er, n.

Defn: One who disproves or confutes.

DISPROVIDE Dis`pro*vide", v. t.

Defn: Not to provide; to fail to provide. [Obs.] Boyle.

DISPUNCT Dis*punct", a.

Defn: Wanting in punctilious respect; discourteous. [Obs.] That were dispunct to the ladies. B. Jonson.

DISPUNCT Dis*punct", v. t. Etym: [See 1st Dispunge.]

Defn: To expunge. [Obs.] Foxe.

DISPUNGE Dis*punge", v. t. Etym: [L. dispungere to prick apart, i. e., check off the debts and credits of an account; dis- + pungere to prick.]

Defn: To expunge; to erase. [Obs.]

DISPUNGE Dis*punge", v. t.

Defn: See Disponge. [Obs.]

DISPUNISHABLE Dis*pun"ish*a*ble, a.

Defn: Without penal restraint; not punishable. [R.] Swift.

DISPURPOSE Dis*pur"pose, v. t.

Defn: To dissuade; to frustrate; as, to dispurpose plots. [R.] A. Brewer.

DISPURSE Dis*purse", v. t.

Defn: To disburse. [Obs.] Shak.

DISPURVEY Dis`pur*vey", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + purvey: cf. OF. desporveoir, F. dépourvoir.]

Defn: To disfurnish; to strip. [Obs.] Heywood.

DISPURVEYANCE Dis`pur*vey"ance, n.

Defn: Want of provisions; [Obs.] Spenser.

DISPUTABLE Dis`pu*ta*ble, a. Etym: [L. disputabilis: cf. F. disputable. See Dispute, v. i.]

1. Capable of being disputed; liable to be called in question, controverted, or contested; or doubtful certainty or propriety; controvertible; as, disputable opinions, propositions, points, or questions.

## Actions, every one of which is very disputable. Jer. Taylor.

2. Disputatious; contentious. [Obs.] Shak.

DISPUTABLENESS Dis`pu*ta*ble*ness, n.

Defn: State of being disputable.

DISPUTACITY Dis`pu*tac"i*ty, n. Etym: [See Dispute, v. i.]

Defn: Proneness to dispute. [Obs.] Bp. Ward.

DISPUTANT Dis"pu*tant, a. Etym: [L. disputants, p. pr. of disputare: cf. F. disputant. See Dispute, v. i.]

Defn: Disputing; engaged in controversy. Milton.

DISPUTANT Dis"pu*tant, n.

Defn: One who disputes; one who argues A singularly eager, acute, and pertinacious disputant. Macaulay.

DISPUTATION Dis`pu*ta"tion, n. Etym: [OE. desputeson, disputacion, OF. desputeison, F. disputation, fr. L. disputatio. See Dispute, v. i.]

1. The act of disputing; a reasoning or argumentation in opposition to something, or on opposite sides; controversy in words; verbal contest respecting the truth of some fact, opinion, proposition, or argument.

2. A rhetorical exercise in which parties reason in opposition to each other on some question proposed.

DISPUTATIOUS Dis`pu*ta"tious, a.

Defn: Inclined to dispute; apt to civil or controvert; characterized by dispute; as, a disputatious person or temper. The Christian doctrine of a future life was no recommendation of the new religion to the wits and philosophers of that disputations period. Buckminster. -- Dis`pu*ta"tious*ly, adv. -- Dis`pu*ta"tious*ness, n.

DISPUTATIVE Dis*put"a*tive, a. Etym: [L. disputativus.]

Defn: Disposed to dispute; inclined to cavil or to reason in opposition; as, a disputative temper. I. Watts.

DISPUTE Dis*pute", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Disputed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disputing.] Etym: [OE. desputen, disputen, OF. desputer, disputer, F. disputer, from L. disputare, disputatum; dis- + putare to clean; hence, fig., to clear up, set in order, reckon, think. See Putative, Pure.]

Defn: To contend in argument; to argue against something maintained, upheld, or claimed, by another; to discuss; to reason; to debate; to altercate; to wrangle. Therefore disputed [reasoned, Rev. Ver .] he in synagogue with the Jews. Acts xvii. 17.

DISPUTE Dis*pute", v. t.

1. To make a subject of disputation; to argue pro and con; to discuss. The rest I reserve it be disputed how the magistrate is to do herein. Milton.

2. To oppose by argument or assertion; to attempt to overthrow; to controvert; to express dissent or opposition to; to call in question; to deny the truth or validity of; as, to dispute assertions or arguments. To seize goods under the disputed authority of writs of assistance. Bancroft.

3. To strive or contend about; to contest. To dispute the possession of the ground with the Spaniards. Prescott.

4. To struggle against; to resist. [Obs.] Dispute it [grief] like a man. Shak.

Syn. -- To controvert; contest; gainsay; doubt; question; argue; debate; discuss; impugn. See Argue.

DISPUTE Dis*pute", n. Etym: [Cf. F. dispute. See Dispute, v. i.]

1. Verbal controversy; contest by opposing argument or expression of opposing views or claims; controversial discussion; altercation; debate. Addicted more To contemplation and profound dispute. Milton.

2. Contest; struggle; quarrel. De Foe. Beyond dispute, Without dispute, indisputably; incontrovertibly.

Syn. -- Altercation; controversy; argumentation; debate; discussion; quarrel; disagreement; difference; contention; wrangling. See Altercation.

DISPUTELESS Dis*pute"less, a.

Defn: Admitting no dispute; incontrovertible. Bailey.

DISPUTER Dis*put"er, n.

Defn: One who disputes, or who is given to disputes; a controvertist. Where is the disputer of this world 1 Cor. i. 20.

DISPUTISON Dis*pu"ti*son, n. Etym: [See Disputation.]

Defn: Dispute; discussion. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISQUALIFICATION Dis*qual`i*fi*ca"tion, n.

1. The act of disqualifying, or state of being disqualified; want of qualification; incompetency; disability; as, the disqualification of men for holding certain offices.

2. That which disqualifies; that which incapacitates or makes unfit; as, conviction of crime is a disqualification of a person for office; sickness is a disqualification for labor. I must still retain the consciousness of those disqualifications which you have been pleased to overlook. Sir J. Shore.

DISQUALIFY Dis*qual"i*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disqualified; p. pr. & vb. n. Disqualifying.]

1. To deprive of the qualities or properties necessary for any purpose; to render unfit; to incapacitate; -- with for or from before the purpose, state, or act. My common illness disqualifies me for all conversation; I mean my deafness. Swift. Me are not disqualified by their engagements in trade from being received in high society. Southey.

2. To deprive of some power, right, or privilege, by positive restriction; to disable; to debar legally; as, a conviction of perjury disqualifies a man to be a witness.

DISQUANTITY Dis*quan"ti*ty, v. t.

Defn: To diminish the quantity of; to lessen. [Obs.] Shak.

DISQUIET Dis*qui"et, a.

Defn: Deprived of quiet; impatient; restless; uneasy. [R.] Shak.

DISQUIET Dis*qui"et, n.

Defn: Want of quiet; want of tranquility in body or mind; uneasiness; restlessness; disturbance; anxiety. Swift.

DISQUIET Dis*qui"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disquieted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disquieting.]

Defn: To render unquiet; to deprive of peace, rest, or tranquility; to make uneasy or restless; to disturb. Why art thou cast down, O my soul, and why art thou disquieted within me Ps. xlii. 11. As quiet as these disquieted times will permit. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- To harass; disturb; vex; fret; excite; agitate.

DISQUIETAL Dis*qui"et*al, n.

Defn: The act of disquieting; a state of disquiet. [Obs.] [It] roars and strives 'gainst its disquietal. Dr. H. More.

DISQUIETER Dis*qui"et*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, disquiets, or makes uneasy; a disturber.

DISQUIETFUL Dis*qui"et*ful, a.

Defn: Producing inquietude or uneasiness. [R.] Barrow.

DISQUIETIVE Dis*qui"et*ive, a.

Defn: Tending to disquiet. [R.]

DISQUIETLY Dis*qui"et*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disquiet manner; uneasily; as, he rested disquietly that night. [R.] Wiseman.

DISQUIETMENT Dis*qui"et*ment, n.

Defn: State of being disquieted; uneasiness; harassment. [R.] Hopkins.

DISQUIETNESS Dis*qui"et*ness, n.

Defn: Disturbance of quiet in body or mind; restlessness; uneasiness. Hooker.

DISQUIETOUS Dis*qui"et*ous, a.

Defn: Causing uneasiness. [R.] So distasteful and disquietous to a number of men. Milton.

DISQUIETTUDE Dis*qui"et*tude, n.

Defn: Want of peace or tranquility; uneasiness; disturbance; agitation; anxiety. Fears and disquietude, and unavoidable anxieties of mind. Abp. Sharp.

DISQUISITION Dis`qui*si"tion, n. Etym: [L. disquisitio, fr. disquirere to inquire diligently, investigate; dis- + quaerere to seek. See Quest.]

Defn: A formal or systematic inquiry into, or discussion of, any subject; a full examination or investigation of a matter, with the arguments and facts bearing upon it; elaborate essay; dissertation. For accurate research or grave disquisition he was not well qualified. Macaulay.

DISQUISITIONAL Dis`qui*si"tion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to disquisition; of the nature of disquisition.

DISQUISITIONARY Dis`qui*si"tion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to disquisition; disquisitional.

DISQUISITIVE Dis*quis"i*tive, a.

Defn: Relating to disquisition; fond discussion or investigation; examining; inquisitive.

DISQUISITORIAL Dis*quis`i*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Disquisitory.

DISQUISITORY Dis*quis"i*to*ry, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to disquisition; disquisitive. Ed. Rev.

DISRANGE Dis*range", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + range: cf. OF. desrengier, F. dérangier. See Derange, Disrank.]

Defn: To disarrange. [Obs.] Wood.

DISRANK Dis*rank" (; see Dis-), v. t. Etym: [Cf. Derange.]

1. To degrade from rank. [Obs.]

2. To throw out of rank or into confusion. Decker.

DISRATE Dis*rate", v. t.

Defn: To reduce to a lower rating or rank; to degrade. Marryat.

DISRAY Dis*ray", variant

Defn: of Disarray. [Obs.] Holland.

DISREALIZE Dis*re"al*ize, v. t.

Defn: To divest of reality; to make uncertain. [Obs.] Udall.

DISREGARD Dis`re*gard", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disregarded; p. pr. & vb. n. Disregarding.]

Defn: Not to regard; to pay no heed to; to omit to take notice of; to neglect to observe; to slight as unworthy of regard or notice; as, to disregard the admonitions of conscience. Studious of good, man disregarded fame. Blackmore.

DISREGARD Dis`re*gard", n.

Defn: The act of disregarding, or the state of being disregarded; intentional neglect; omission of notice; want of attention; slight. The disregard of experience. Whewell.

DISREGARDER Dis`re*gard"er, n.

Defn: One who disregards.

DISREGARDFUL Dis`re*gard"ful, a.

Defn: Neglect; negligent; heedless; regardless.

DISREGARDFULLY Dis`re*gard"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: Negligently; heedlessly.

DISRELISH Dis*rel"ish (; see Dis-), n.

1. Want of relish; dislike (of the palate or of the mind); distaste; a slight degree of disgust; as, a disrelish for some kinds of food. Men love to hear of their power, but have an extreme disrelish to be told of their duty. Burke.

2. Absence of relishing or palatable quality; bad taste; nauseousness. Milton.

DISRELISH Dis*rel"ish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disrelished; p. pr. & vb. n. Disrelishing.]

1. Not to relish; to regard as unpalatable or offensive; to feel a degree of disgust at. Pope.

2. To deprive of relish; to make nauseous or disgusting in a slight degree. Milton.

DISREMEMBER Dis`re*mem"ber, v. t.

Defn: To fail to remember; to forget. [Obs. or Archaic]

DISREPAIR Dis`re*pair", n.

Defn: A state of being in bad condition, and wanting repair. The fortifications were ancient and in disrepair. Sir W. Scott.

DISREPUTABILITY Dis*rep`u*ta*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The state of being disreputable. [R.]

DISREPUTABLE Dis*rep"u*ta*ble, a.

Defn: Not reputable; of bad repute; not in esteem; dishonorable; disgracing the reputation; tending to bring into disesteem; as, it is disreputable to associate familiarly with the mean, the lewd, and the profane. Why should you think that conduct disreputable in priests which you probably consider as laudable in yourself Bp. Watson.

Syn. -- Dishonorable; discreditable; low; mean; disgraceful; shameful.

DISREPUTABLY Dis*rep"u*ta*bly, adv.

Defn: In a disreputable manner.

DISREPUTATION Dis*rep`u*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Loss or want of reputation or good name; dishonor; disrepute; disesteem. "A disreputation of piety." Jer. Taylor.

DISREPUTE Dis`re*pute", n.

Defn: Loss or want of reputation; ill character; disesteem; discredit. At the beginning of the eighteenth century astrology fell into general disrepute. Sir W. Scott.

Syn. -- Disesteem; discredit; dishonor; disgrace.

DISREPUTE Dis`re*pute", v. t.

Defn: To bring into disreputation; to hold in dishonor. [R.] More inclined to love them tan to disrepute them. Jer. Taylor.

DISRESPECT Dis`re*spect", n.

Defn: Want of respect or reverence; disesteem; incivility; discourtesy. Impatience of bearing the least affront or disrespect. Pope.

DISRESPECT Dis`re*spect", v. t.

Defn: To show disrespect to. We have disrespected and slighted God. Comber.

DISRESPECTABILITY Dis`re*spect`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Want of respectability. Thackeray.

DISRESPECTABLE Dis`re*spect"a*ble, a.

Defn: Not respectable; disreputable. M. Arnold.

DISRESPECTER Dis`re*spect"er, n.

Defn: One who disrespects.

DISRESPECTFUL Dis`re*spect"ful, a.

Defn: Wanting in respect; manifesting disesteem or lack of respect; uncivil; as, disrespectful behavior. -- Dis`re*spect"ful*ly, adv. -- Dis`re*spect"ful*ness, n.

DISRESPECTIVE Dis`re*spect"ive, a.

Defn: Showing want of respect; disrespectful. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DISREVERENCE Dis*rev"er*ence, v. t.

Defn: To treat irreverently or with disrespect. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

DISROBE Dis*robe" (; see Dis-), v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Disrobed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disrobing.]

Defn: To divest of a robe; to undress; figuratively, to strip of covering; to divest of that which clothes or decorates; as, autumn disrobes the fields of verdure. Two great peers were disrobed of their glory. Sir H. Wotton.

DISROBER Dis*rob"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, disrobes.

DISROOF Dis*roof", v. t.

Defn: To unroof. [R.] Carlyle.

DISROOT Dis*root", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disrooted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disrooting.]

Defn: To tear up the roots of, or by the roots; hence, to tear from a foundation; to uproot. A piece of ground disrooted from its situation by subterraneous inundations. Goldsmith.

DISROUT Dis*rout", v. i. Etym: [Cf. OF. desrouter, F. dérouter.]

Defn: To put to rout. Taylor (1630).

DISRUDDER Dis*rud"der, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of the rudder, as a ship.

DISRULILY Dis*ru"li*ly, adv.

Defn: In a disorderly manner. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

DISRULY Dis*ru"ly, a.

Defn: Unruly; disorderly. [Obs.]

DISRUPT Dis*rupt", a. Etym: [L. disruptus, diruptus, p. p. of disrumpere, to break or burst asunder; dis- + rumpere to break, burst. See Rupture.]

Defn: Rent off; torn asunder; severed; disrupted.

DISRUPT Dis*rupt", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disrupted; p. pr. & vb. n. Disrupting.]

Defn: To break asunder; to rend. Thomson.

DISRUPTION Dis*rup"tion, n. Etym: [L. disruptio, diruptio.]

Defn: The act or rending asunder, or the state of being rent asunder or broken in pieces; breach; rent; dilaceration; rupture; as, the disruption of rocks in an earthquake; disruption of a state.

DISRUPTIVE Dis*rupt"ive, a.

Defn: Causing, or tending to cause, disruption; caused by disruption; breaking through; bursting; as, the disruptive discharge of an electrical battery. Nichol.

DISRUPTURE Dis*rup"ture, n.

Defn: Disruption. [R.] Jefferson.

DISSATISFACTION Dis*sat`is*fac"tion, n.

Defn: The state of being dissatisfied, unsatisfied, or discontented; uneasiness proceeding from the want of gratification, or from disappointed wishes and expectations. The ambitious man has little happiness, but is subject to much uneasiness and dissatisfaction. Addison.

Syn. -- Discontent; discontentment; displeasure; disapprobation; distaste; dislike.

DISSATISFACTORY Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ry, a.

Defn: Causing dissatisfaction; unable to give content; unsatisfactory; displeasing. To have reduced the different qualifications in the different States to one uniform rule, would probably have been as dissatisfactory to some of the States, as difficult for the Convention. A. Hamilton. -- Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness, n.

DISSATISFY Dis*sat"is*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissatisfied; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissatisfying.]

Defn: To render unsatisfied or discontented; to excite uneasiness in by frustrating wishes or expectations; to displease by the want of something requisite; as, to be dissatisfied with one's fortune. The dissatisfied factions of the autocracy. Bancroft.

DISSEAT Dis*seat", v. t.

Defn: To unseat. [R.] Shak.

DISSECT Dis*sect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissected; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissecting.] Etym: [L. dissectus, p. p. of dissecare; dis- + secare to cut. See Section.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: To divide into separate parts; to cut in pieces; to separate and expose the parts of, as an animal or a plant, for examination and to show their structure and relations; to anatomize.

2. To analyze, for the purposes of science or criticism; to divide and examine minutely. This paragraph . . . I have dissected for a sample. Atterbury.

DISSECTED Dis*sect"ed, a.

1. Cut into several parts; divided into sections; as, a dissected map.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Cut deeply into many lobes or divisions; as, a dissected leaf.

DISSECTIBLE Dis*sect"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being dissected, or separated by dissection. Paley.

DISSECTING Dis*sect"ing, a.

1. Dividing or separating the parts of an animal or vegetable body; as, a dissecting aneurism, one which makes its way between or within the coats of an artery.

2. Of or pertaining to, or received during, a dissection; as, a dissecting wound.

3. Used for or in dissecting; as, a dissecting knife; a dissecting microscope.

DISSECTION Dis*sec"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dissection.]

1. The act of dissecting an animal or plant; as, dissection of the human body was held sacrilege till the time of Francis I.

2. Fig.: The act of separating or dividing for the purpose of critical examination.

3. Anything dissected; especially, some part, or the whole, of an animal or plant dissected so as to exhibit the structure; an anatomical so prepared. Dissection wound, a poisoned wound incurred during the dissection of a dead body.

DISSECTOR Dis*sect"or, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dissecteur.]

Defn: One who dissects; an anatomist.

DISSEIZE Dis*seize", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disseized; p. pr. & vb. n. Disseizing.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + seize: cf. F. dessaisir.] (Law)

Defn: To deprive of seizin or possession; to dispossess or oust wrongfully (one in freehold possession of land); -- followed by of; as, to disseize a tenant of his freehold. [Written also disseise.] Which savage beasts strive as eagerly to keep and hold those golden mines, as the Arimaspians to disseize them thereof. Holland.

DISSEIZEE Dis`sei*zee", n. (Law)

Defn: A person disseized, or put out of possession of an estate unlawfully; -- correlative to disseizor. [Written also disseisee.]

DISSEIZIN Dis*sei"zin, n. Etym: [OF. dessaisine.] (Law)

Defn: The act of disseizing; an unlawful dispossessing and ouster of a person actually seized of the freehold. [Written also disseisin.] Blackstone.

DISSEIZOR Dis*sei"zor, n. (Law)

Defn: One who wrongfully disseizes, or puts another out of possession of a freehold. [Written also disseisor.] Blackstone.

DISSEIZORESS Dis*sei"zor*ess, n. (Law)

Defn: A woman disseizes.

DISSEIZURE Dis*sei"zure, n.

Defn: Disseizin. Speed.

DISSEMBLANCE Dis*sem"blance, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dissemblance. See Dissemble.]

Defn: Want of resemblance; dissimilitude. [R.] Osborne.

DISSEMBLANCE Dis*sem"blance, n. Etym: [Dissemble + -ance.]

Defn: The act or art of dissembling; dissimulation. [Obs.]

DISSEMBLE Dis*sem"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissembled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissembling.] Etym: [OF. dissembler to be dissimilar; pref. dis- (L. dis-) + F. sembler to seem, L. simulare to simulate; cf. L. dissimulare to dissemble. See Simulate, and cf. Dissimulate.]

1. To hide under a false semblance or seeming; to feign (something) not to be what it really is; to put an untrue appearance upon; to disguise; to mask. Dissemble all your griefs and discontents. Shak. Perhaps it was right to dissemble your love, But -- why did you kick me down stairs J. P. Kemble.

2. To put on the semblance of; to make pretense of; to simulate; to feign. He soon dissembled a sleep. Tatler.

Syn. -- To conceal; disguise; cloak; cover; equivocate. See Conceal.

DISSEMBLE Dis*sem"ble, v. i.

Defn: To conceal the real fact, motives, He that hateth dissembleth with his lips. Prov. xxvi. 24. He [an enemy] dissembles when he assumes an air of friendship. C. J. Smith.

DISSEMBLER Dis*sem"bler, n.

Defn: One who dissembles; one who conceals his opinions or dispositions under a false appearance; a hypocrite. It is the weakest sort of politicians that are the greatest dissemblers. Bacon. Priests, princes, women, no dissemblers here. Pope.

Syn. -- Dissembler, Hypocrite. A person is called a dissembler with reference to his concealment of his real character, and a hypocrite with reference to his assumption of a false character. But hypocrite is the stronger word, being commonly used to characterize a person who is habitually insincere and false, especially one who makes professions of goodness when his aims are selfish and his life corrupt.

DISSEMBLING Dis*sem"bling, a.

Defn: That dissembles; hypocritical; false. -- Dis*sem"bling*ly, adv.

DISSEMINATE Dis*sem"i*nate, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Disseminated; p. pr. & vb. n. Disseminating.] Etym: [L. disseminatus, p. p. of disseminare to disseminate; dis- + seminare to sow, semen seed. See Seminary.]

1. To sow broadcast or as seed; to scatter for growth and propagation, like seed; to spread abroad; to diffuse; as, principles, ideas, opinions, and errors are disseminated when they are spread abroad for propagation.

2. To spread or extend by dispersion. A nearly uniform and constant fire or heat disseminated throughout the body of the earth. Woodward.

Syn. -- To spread; diffuse; propagate; circulate; disperse; scatter.

DISSEMINATED Dis*sem"i*na`ted, p. a. (Min.)

Defn: Occurring in small portions scattered through some other substance.

DISSEMINATION Dis*sem`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. disseminatio: cf. F. dissémination.]

Defn: The act of disseminating, or the state of being disseminated; diffusion for propagation and permanence; a scattering or spreading abroad, as of ideas, beliefs, etc. The universal dissemination of those writings. Wayland.

DISSEMINATIVE Dis*sem"i*na*tive, a.

Defn: Tending to disseminate, or to become disseminated. The effect of heresy is, like the plague, infectious and disseminative. Jer. Taylor.

DISSEMINATOR Dis*sem"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who, or that which, disseminates, spreads, or propagates; as, disseminators of disease.

DISSENSION Dis*sen"sion, n. Etym: [L. dissensio: cf. F. dissension. See Dissent.]

Defn: Disagreement in opinion, usually of a violent character, producing warm debates or angry words; contention in words; partisan and contentious divisions; breach of friendship and union; strife; discord; quarrel. Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and disputation with them. Acts xv. 2. Debates, dissension, uproars are thy joy. Dryden. A seditious person and raiser-up of dissension among the people. Robynson (More's Utopia).

DISSENSIOUS Dis*sen"sious, a.

Defn: Disposed to discord; contentious; dissentious. [R.] Ascham. -- Dis*sen"sious*ly, adv. Chapman.

DISSENT Dis*sent", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dissented; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissenting.] Etym: [L. dissentire, dissentum; dis- + sentire to feel, think. See Sense.]

1. To differ in opinion; to be of unlike or contrary sentiment; to disagree; -- followed by from. The bill passed . . . without a dissenting voice. Hallam. Opinions in which multitudes of men dissent from us. Addison.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: To differ from an established church in regard to doctrines, rites, or government.

3. To differ; to be of a contrary nature. Hooker.

DISSENT Dis*sent", n.

1. The act of dissenting; difference of opinion; refusal to adopt something proposed; nonagreement, nonconcurrence, or disagreement. The dissent of no small number [of peers] is frequently recorded. Hallam.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: Separation from an established church, especially that of England; nonconformity. It is the dissidence of dissent and the protestantism of the Protestant religion. Burke.

3. Contrariety of nature; diversity in quality. [Obs.] The dissent of the metals. Bacon.

Syn. -- Disagreement; variance; difference; nonconcurrence; nonconformity.

DISSENTANEOUS Dis`sen*ta"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. dissentaneus.]

Defn: Disagreeing; contrary; differing; -- opposed to consentaneous. [R.] Barrow.

DISSENTANY Dis"sen*ta*ny, a.

Defn: Dissentaneous; inconsistent. [Obs.] Milton.

DISSENTATION Dis`sen*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Dissension. [Obs.] W. Browne.

DISSENTER Dis*sent"er, n.

1. One who dissents; one who differs in opinion, or declares his disagreement.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: One who separates from the service and worship of an established church; especially, one who disputes the authority or tenets of the Church of England; a nonconformist. Dissenters from the establishment of their several countries. Burke. Robert Brown is said to have the first formal dissenter. Shipley.

Note: "The word is commonly applied only to Protestants. The Roman Catholics are generally referred to as a distinct class." Brande & C.

DISSENTERISM Dis*sent"er*ism, n.

Defn: The spirit or principles of dissenters. Ed. Rev.

DISSENTIATE Dis*sen"ti*ate, v. t.

Defn: To throw into a state of dissent. [R.] Feltham.

DISSENTIENT Dis*sen"tient, a. Etym: [L. dissentiens, p. pr. of dissentire. See Dissent, v. i.]

Defn: Disagreeing; declaring dissent; dissenting. -- n.

Defn: One who dissents. Macaulay.

DISSENTIOUS Dis*sen"tious, a.

Defn: Marked by dissensions; apt to breed discord; quarrelsome; contentious; factious. -- Dis*sen"tious*ly, adv.

DISSENTIVE Dis*sent"ive, a.

Defn: Disagreeing; inconsistent. [Obs.] Feltham.

DISSEPIMENT Dis*sep"i*ment, n. Etym: [L. dissaepimentum, fr. dissaepire; dis- + saepire to hedge in, inclose.]

1. A separating tissue; a partition; a septum.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: One of the partitions which divide a compound ovary into cells.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the transverse, calcareous partitions between the radiating septa of a coral.

DISSERT Dis*sert", v. i. Etym: [L. dissertus, p. p. of disserere; dis- + serere to join, connect: cf. F. disserter. See Series.]

Defn: To discourse or dispute; to discuss. [R.] We have disserted upon it a little longer than was necessary. Jeffrey.

DISSERTATE Dis"ser*tate, v. i. Etym: [L. dissertatus, p. p. of dissertare to discuss, intents, fr. disserere. See Dissert.]

Defn: To deal in dissertation; to write dissertations; to discourse. [R.] J. Foster.

DISSERTATION Dis`ser*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. dissertatio: cf. F. dissertation.]

Defn: A formal or elaborate argumentative discourse, oral or written; a disquisition; an essay; a discussion; as, Dissertations on the Prophecies.

DISSERTATIONAL Dis`ser*ta"tion*al, a.

Defn: Relating to dissertations; resembling a dissertation.

DISSERTATIONIST Dis`ser*ta"tion*ist, n.

Defn: A writer of dissertations.

DISSERTATOR Dis"ser*ta`tor, n. Etym: [L.: cf. F. dissertateur.]

Defn: One who writers a dissertation; one who discourses. Boyle.

DISSERTLY Dis*sert"ly, adv.

Defn: See Disertly. [Obs.]

DISSERVE Dis*serve", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Di; p. pr. & vb. n. Disserving.] Etym: [Pref. dis- + serve: cf. F. desservir.]

Defn: To fail to serve; to do injury or mischief to; to damage; to hurt; to harm. Have neither served nor disserved the interests of any party. Jer. Taylor.

DISSERVICE Dis*serv"ice, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + service: cf. F. desservice.]

Defn: Injury; mischief. We shall rather perform good offices unto truth than any disservice unto their relators. Sir T. Browne.

DISSERVICEABLE Dis*serv"ice*a*ble, a.

Defn: Calculated to do disservice or harm; not serviceable; injurious; harmful; unserviceable. Shaftesbury. -- Dis*serv"ice*a*ble*ness, n. Norris. -- Dis*serv"ice*a*bly, adv.

DISSETTLE Dis*set"tle, v. t.

Defn: To unsettle. [Obs.]

DISSETTLEMENT Dis*set"tle*ment, n.

Defn: The act of unsettling, or the state of being unsettled. Marvell.

DISSEVER Dis*sev"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissevered; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissevering.] Etym: [OE. dessevrer; pref. des- (L. dis-) + sevrer to sever, F. sevrer to wean, L. separate to separate. In this word the prefix is intensive. See Dis-, and Sever.]

Defn: To part in two; to sever thoroughly; to sunder; to disunite; to separate; to disperse. The storm so dissevered the company . . . that most of therm never met again. Sir P. Sidney. States disserved, discordant, belligerent. D. Webster.

DISSEVER Dis*sev"er, v. i.

Defn: To part; to separate. Chaucer.

DISSEVERANCE Dis*sev"er*ance, n. Etym: [OF. dessevrance.]

Defn: The act of disserving; separation.

DISSEVERATION Dis*sev`er*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of disserving; disseverance. [Obs.]

DISSEVERMENT Dis*sev"er*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. dessevrement.]

Defn: Disseverance. Sir W. Scott.

DISSHADOW Dis*shad"ow, v. t.

Defn: To free from shadow or shade. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

DISSHEATHE Dis*sheathe", v. i.

Defn: To become unsheathed. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

DISSHIP Dis*ship", v. t.

Defn: To dismiss from service on board ship. [Obs.] Hakluyt.

DISSHIVER Dis*shiv"er, v. t. & i.

Defn: To shiver or break in pieces. [Obs.]

DISSIDENCE Dis"si*dence, n. Etym: [L. dissidentia: cf. F. dissidence. See Dissident, a.]

Defn: Disagreement; dissent; separation from the established religion. I. Taylor. It is the dissidence of dissent. Burke.

DISSIDENT Dis"si*dent, a. Etym: [L. dissidens, -entis, p. pr. of dissidere to sit apart, to disagree; dis- + sedere to sit: cf. F. dissident. See Sit.]

Defn: No agreeing; dissenting; discordant; different. Our life and manners be dissident from theirs. Robynson (More's Utopia).

DISSIDENT Dis"si*dent, n. (Eccl.)

Defn: One who disagrees or dissents; one who separates from the established religion. The dissident, habituated and taught to think of his dissidencI. Taylor.

DISSIDENTLY Dis"si*dent*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dissident manner.

DISSILIENCE; DISSILIENCY Dis*sil"i*ence, Dis*sil"i*en*cy, n.

Defn: The act of leaping or starting asunder. Johnson.

DISSILIENT Dis*sil"i*ent, a. Etym: [L. dissiliens, -entis, p. pr. of dissilire to leap asunder: dis- + salire to leap.]

Defn: Starting asunder; bursting and opening with an elastic force; dehiscing explosively; as, a dissilient pericarp.

DISSILITION Dis`si*li"tion, n.

Defn: The act of bursting or springing apart. [R.] Boyle.

DISSIMILAR Dis*sim"i*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + similar: cf. F. dissimilaire.]

Defn: Not similar; unlike; heterogeneous; as, the tempers of men are as dissimilar as their features. This part very dissimilar to any other. Boyle.

DISSIMILARITY Dis*sim`i*lar"i*ty, n.

Defn: Want of resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilitude; variety; as, the dissimilarity of human faces and forms. Sir W. Jones.

DISSIMILARLY Dis*sim"i*lar*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dissimilar manner; in a varied style. With verdant shrubs dissimilarly gay. C. Smart.

DISSIMILATE Dis*sim"i*late, v. t.

Defn: To render dissimilar.

DISSIMILATION Dis*sim`i*la"tion, n.

Defn: The act of making dissimilar. H. Sweet.

DISSIMILE Dis*sim"i*le, n. Etym: [L. dissimile, neut. dissimilis unlike.] (Rhet.)

Defn: Comparison or illustration by contraries.

DISSIMILITUDE Dis`si*mil"i*tude, n. Etym: [L. dissimilitudo, fr. dissimilis: cf. F. dissimilitude.]

1. Want of resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilarity. Dissimilitude between the Divinity and images. Stillingfleet.

2. (Rhet.)

Defn: A comparison by contrast; a dissimile.

DISSIMULATE Dis*sim"u*late, a. Etym: [L. dissimulatus, p. p. of dissimulare. See Dissemble.]

Defn: Feigning; simulating; pretending. [Obs.] Henryson.

DISSIMULATE Dis*sim"u*late, v. i.

Defn: To dissemble; to feign; to pretend.

DISSIMULATION Dis*sim`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. dissimulatio: cf. F. dissimulation.]

Defn: The act of dissembling; a hiding under a false appearance; concealment by feigning; false pretension; hypocrisy. Let love be without dissimulation. Rom. xii. 9. Dissimulation . . . when a man lets fall signs and arguments that he is not that he is. Bacon. Simulation is a pretense of what is not, and dissimulation a concealment of what is. Tatler.

DISSIMULATOR Dis*sim"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who dissimulates; a dissembler.

DISSIMULE Dis*sim"ule, v. t. & i. Etym: [F. dissimuler. See Dissimulate.]

Defn: To dissemble. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISSIMULER Dis*sim"u*ler, n.

Defn: A dissembler. [Obs.]

DISSIMULOUR Dis*sim"u*lour, n. Etym: [OF. dissimuleur.]

Defn: A dissembler. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DISSIPABLE Dis"si*pa*ble, a. Etym: [L. dissipabilis.]

Defn: Capable of being scattered or dissipated. [R.] The heat of those plants is very dissipable. Bacon.

DISSIPATE Dis"si*pate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissipated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissipating.] Etym: [L. dissipatus, p. p. of dissipare; dis- + an obsolete verb sipare, supare. to throw.]

1. To scatter completely; to disperse and cause to disappear; -- used esp. of the dispersion of things that can never again be collected or restored. Dissipated those foggy mists of error. Selden. I soon dissipated his fears. Cook. The extreme tendency of civilization is to dissipate all intellectual energy. Hazlitt.

2. To destroy by wasteful extravagance or lavish use; to squander. The vast wealth . . . was in three years dissipated. Bp. Burnet.

Syn. -- To disperse; scatter; dispel; spend; squander; waste; consume; lavish.

DISSIPATE Dis"si*pate, v. i.

1. To separate into parts and disappear; to waste away; to scatter; to disperse; to vanish; as, a fog or cloud gradually dissipates before the rays or heat of the sun; the heat of a body dissipates.

2. To be extravagant, wasteful, or dissolute in the pursuit of pleasure; to engage in dissipation.

DISSIPATED Dis"si*pa`ted, a.

1. Squandered; scattered. "Dissipated wealth." Johnson.

2. Wasteful of health, money, etc., in the pursuit of pleasure; dissolute; intemperate. A life irregular and dissipated. Johnson.

DISSIPATION Dis`si*pa"tion, n. Etym: [L. dissipatio: cf. F. dissipation.]

1. The act of dissipating or dispersing; a state of dispersion or separation; dispersion; waste. Without loss or dissipation of the matter. Bacon. The famous dissipation of mankind. Sir M. Hale.

2. A dissolute course of life, in which health, money, etc., are squandered in pursuit of pleasure; profuseness in vicious indulgence, as late hours, riotous living, etc.; dissoluteness. To reclaim the spendthrift from his dissipation and extravagance. P. Henry.

3. A trifle which wastes time or distracts attention. Prevented from finishing them [the letters] a thousand avocations and dissipations. Swift. Dissipation of energy. Same as Degradation of energy, under Degradation.

DISSIPATIVE Dis"si*pa*tive, a.

Defn: Tending to dissipate. Dissipative system (Mech.), an assumed system of matter and motions in which forces of friction and resistances of other kinds are introduced without regard to the heat or other molecular actions which they generate; -- opposed to conservative system.

DISSIPATIVITY Dis`si*pa*tiv"i*ty, n.

Defn: The rate at which palpable energy is dissipated away into other forms of energy.

DISSITE Dis"site, a. Etym: [L. dissitus.]

Defn: Lying apart. [Obs.] Lands far dissite and remote asunder. Holland.

DISSLANDER Dis*slan"der, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- (intens.) + slander.]

Defn: To slander. [Obs.] Legend of Dido.

DISSLANDER Dis*slan"der, n.

Defn: Slander. [Obs.] E. Hall.

DISSLANDEROUS Dis*slan"der*ous, a.

Defn: Slanderous. [Obs.]

DISSOCIABILITY Dis*so`cia*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Want of sociability; unsociableness. Bp. Warburton.

DISSOCIABLE Dis*so"cia*ble, a. Etym: [L. dissociabilis, fr. issociare: cf. F. dissociable. See Dissociate.]

1. Not They came in two and two, though matched in the most dissociable manner. Spectator.

2. Having a tendency to dissolve social connections; unsuitable to society; unsociable.

DISSOCIAL Dis*so"cial, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + social: cf. L. dissocialis. See Dissociate, v. t.]

Defn: Unfriendly to society; contracted; selfish; as, dissocial feelings.

DISSOCIALIZE Dis*so"cial*ize, v. t.

Defn: To render unsocial.

DISSOCIATE Dis*so"ci*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissociated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissociating.] Etym: [L. dissociatus, p. p. of dissociare to dissociate; dis- + sociare to unite, associate, socius companion. See Social.]

Defn: To separate from fellowship or union; to disunite; to disjoin; as, to dissociate the particles of a concrete substance. Before Wyclif's death in 1384, John of Gaunt had openly dissociated himself from the reformer. A. W. Ward.

DISSOCIATION Dis*so`ci*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. dissociatio: cf. F. dissociation.]

1. The act of dissociating or disuniting; a state of separation; disunion. It will add infinitely dissociation, distraction, and confusion of these confederate republics. Burke.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The process by which a compound body breaks up into simpler constituents; -- said particularly of the action of heat on gaseous or volatile substances; as, the dissociation of the sulphur molecules; the dissociation of ammonium chloride into hydrochloric acid and ammonia.

DISSOCIATIVE Dis*so"ci*a*tive, a.

Defn: Tending or leading to dissociation.

DISSOLUBILITY Dis`so*lu*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality of being dissoluble; capacity of being dissoluble; capacity of being dissolved by heat or moisture, and converted into a fluid.

DISSOLUBLE Dis"so*lu*ble, a. Etym: [L. dissolubilis: cf. F. dissoluble. See Dissolve, and cf. Dissolvable.]

1. Capable of being dissolved; having its parts separable by heat or moisture; convertible into a fluid. Woodward.

2. Capable of being disunited.

DISSOLUBLENESS Dis"so*lu*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dissoluble; dissolubility. Boyle.

DISSOLUTE Dis"so*lute, a. Etym: [L. dissolutus, p. p. of dissolvere: cf. F. dissolu. See Dissolve.]

1. With nerves unstrung; weak. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. Loosed from restraint; esp., loose in morals and conduct; recklessly abandoned to sensual pleasures; profligate; wanton; lewd; debauched. "A wild and dissolute soldier." Motley.

Syn. -- Uncurbed; unbridled; disorderly; unrestrained; reckless; wild; wanton; vicious; lax; licentious; lewd;

DISSOLUTELY Dis"so*lute*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dissolute manner.

DISSOLUTENESS Dis"so*lute*ness, n.

Defn: State or quality of being dissolute; looseness of morals and manners; addictedness to sinful pleasures; debauchery; dissipation. Chivalry had the vices of dissoluteness. Bancroft.

DISSOLUTION Dis`so*lu"tion, n. Etym: [OE. dissolucioun dissoluteness, F. dissolution, fr. L. dissolutio, fr. dissolvere. See Dissolve.]

1. The act of dissolving, sundering, or separating into component parts; separation. Dissolutions of ancient amities. Shak.

2. Change from a solid to a fluid state; solution by heat or moisture; liquefaction; melting.

3. Change of form by chemical agency; decomposition; resolution. The dissolution of the compound. South.

4. The dispersion of an assembly by terminating its sessions; the breaking up of a partnership. Dissolution is the civil death of Parliament. Blackstone.

5. The extinction of life in the human body; separation of the soul from the body; death. We expected Immediate dissolution. Milton.

6. The state of being dissolved, or of undergoing liquefaction. A man of continual dissolution and thaw. Shak.

7. The new product formed by dissolving a body; a solution. Bacon.

8. Destruction of anything by the separation of its parts; ruin. To make a present dissolution of the world. Hooker.

9. Corruption of morals; dissipation; dissoluteness. [Obs. or R.] Atterbury.

DISSOLVABILITY Dis*solv`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Capacity of being dissolved; solubility. Richardson.

DISSOLVABLE Dis*solv"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Dissolve, cf. Dissoluble.]

Defn: Capable of being dissolved, or separated into component parts; capable of being liquefied; soluble. -- Dis*solv"a*ble*ness, n. Though everything which is compacted be in its own nature dissolvable. Cudworth. Such things as are not dissolvable by the moisture of the tongue. Sir I. Newton.

DISSOLVATIVE Dis*solv"a*tive, n.

Defn: Having the power to dissolve anything; solvent. [Obs.] Frampton.

DISSOLVE Dis*solve", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissolved; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissolving.] Etym: [L. dissolvere, dissolutum; dis- + solvere to loose, free. See Solve, and cf. Dissolute.]

1. To separate into competent parts; to disorganize; to break up; hence, to bring to an end by separating the parts, sundering a relation, etc.; to terminate; to destroy; to deprive of force; as, to dissolve a partnership; to dissolve Parliament. Lest his ungoverned rage dissolve the life. Shak.

2. To break the continuity of; to disconnect; to disunite; to sunder; to loosen; to undo; to separate. Nothing can dissolve us. Shak. Down fell the duke, his joints dissolved asunder. Fairfax. For one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another. The Declaration of Independence.

3. To convert into a liquid by means of heat, moisture, etc.,; to melt; to liquefy; to soften. As if the world were all dissolved to tears. Shak.

4. To solve; to clear up; to resolve. "Dissolved the mystery." Tennyson. Make interpretations and dissolve doubts. Dan. v. 16.

5. To relax by pleasure; to make powerless. Angels dissolved in hallelujahs lie. Dryden.

6. (Law)

Defn: To annul; to rescind; to discharge or release; as, to dissolve an injunction.

Syn. -- See Adjourn.

DISSOLVE Dis*solve", v. i.

1. To waste away; to be dissipated; to be decomposed or broken up.

2. To become fluid; to be melted; to be liquefied. A figure Trenched in ice, which with an hour's heat Dissolves to water, and doth lose his form. Shak.

3. To fade away; to fall to nothing; to lose power. The charm dissolves apace. Shak.

DISSOLVENT Dis*solv"ent, a. Etym: [L. dissolvens, -entis, p. pr. of dissolvere.]

Defn: Having power to dissolve power to dissolve a solid body; as, the dissolvent juices of the stomach. Ray.

DISSOLVENT Dis*solv"ent, n.

1. That which has the power of dissolving or melting other substances, esp. by mixture with them; a menstruum; a solvent. Melted in the crucible dissolvents. A. Smith. The secret treaty of December acted as an immediate dissolvent to the truce. Mothley.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A remedy supposed capable of dissolving concretions in the body, such as calculi, tubercles, etc.

DISSOLVER Dis*solv"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, has power to dissolve or dissipate. Thou kind dissolver of encroaching care. Otway.

DISSOLVING Dis*solv"ing, a.

Defn: Melting; breaking up; vanishing. -- Dis*solv"ing*ly, adv. Dissolving view, a picture which grows dim and is gradually replaced by another on the same field; -- an effect produced by magic lanterns.

DISSONANCE Dis"so*nance, n. Etym: [L. dissonantia: cf. F. dissonance.]

1. A mingling of discordant sounds; an inharmonious combination of sounds; discord. Filled the air with barbarous dissonance. Milton.

2. Want of agreement; incongruity. Milton.

DISSONANCY Dis"so*nan*cy, n.

Defn: Discord; dissonance.

DISSONANT Dis"so*nant, a. Etym: [L. dissonans, -antis, p. pr. of dissonare to disagree in sound, be discordant; dis- + sonare to sound: cf. F. dissonant. See Sonant.]

1. Sounding harshly; discordant; unharmonious. With clamor of voices dissonant and loud. Longfellow.

2. Disagreeing; incongruous; discrepfrom or to. "Anything dissonant to truth." South. What can be dissonant from reason and nature than that a man, naturally inclined to clemency, should show himself unkind and inhuman Hakewill.

DISSPIRIT Dis*spir"it, v. t.

Defn: See Dispirit.

DISSUADE Dis*suade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissuaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissuading.] Etym: [L. dissuadere, dissuasum; dis- + suadere to advise, persuade: cf. F. dissuader. See Suasion.]

1. To advise or exhort against; to try to persuade (one from a course). [Obsolescent] Mr. Burchell, on the contrary, dissuaded her with great ardor: and I stood neuter. Goldsmith. War, therefore, open or concealed, alike My voice dissuades. Milton.

2. To divert by persuasion; to turn from a purpose by reasons or motives; -- with from; as, I could not dissuade him from his purpose. I have tried what is possible to dissuade him. Mad. D' Arblay.

DISSUADER Dis*suad"er, n.

Defn: One who dissuades; a dehorter.

DISSUASION Dis*sua"sion, n. Etym: [L. dissuasio: cf. F. dissuasion. See Dissuade.]

1. The act of dissuading; exhortation against a thing; dehortation. In spite of all the dissuasions of his friends. Boyle.

2. A motive or consideration tending to dissuade; a dissuasive.

DISSUASIVE Dis*sua"sive, a.

Defn: Tending to dissuade or divert from a measure or purpose; dehortatory; as, dissuasive advice. -- n.

Defn: A dissuasive argument or counsel; dissuasion; dehortation. Prynne. -- Dis*sua"sive*ly, adv.

DISSUASORY Dis*sua"so*ry, n.

Defn: A dissuasive. [R.] This virtuous and reasonable person, however, has ill luck in all his dissuasories. Jeffrey.

DISSUNDER Dis*sun"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dissundered; p. pr. & vb. n. Dissundering.] Etym: [Pref. dis- (intens) + sunder.]

Defn: To separate; to sunder; to destroy. [R.] Chapman.

DISSWEETEN Dis*sweet"en, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of sweetness. [R.] Bp. Richardson.

DISSYLLABIC Dis`syl*lab"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dissyllabique. See Dissylable.]

Defn: Consisting of two syllabas, a dissyllabic foot in poetry. B. Jons

DISSYLLABIFICATION Dis`syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion, n.

Defn: A formi

DISSYLLABIFY Dis`syl*lab"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [Dissyllable + -fly.]

Defn: To form into two syllables. Ogilvie.

DISSYLLABIZE Dis*syl"la*bize, v. t.

Defn: To form into two syllables; to dyssyllabify.

DISSYLLABLE Dis*syl"la*ble, n. Etym: [F. dissyllabe, L. disyllabus, adj., of two syllables, fr. Gr. Syllable.]

Defn: A word of two syllables; as, pa-per.

DISSYMMETRICAL Dis`sym*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Not having symmetry; asymmetrical; unsymmetrical.

DISSYMMETRY Dis*sym"me*try, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + symmetry.]

Defn: Absence or defect of symmetry; asymmetry.

DISSYMPATHY Dis*sym"pa*thy, n.

Defn: Lack of sympathy; want of interest; indifference. [R.]

DISTAD Dis"tad, adv. Etym: [Distal + L. ad toward.] (Anat.)

Defn: Toward a distal part; on the distal side of; distally.

DISTAFF Dis"taff, n.; pl. Distaffs, rarely Distaves. Etym: [OE. distaf, dysestafe, AS. distaef; cf. LG. diesse the bunch of flax on a distaff, and E. dizen. See Staff.]

1. The staff for holding a bunch of flax, tow, or wool, from which the thread is drawn in spinning by hand. I will the distaff hold; come thou and spin. Fairfax.

2. Used as a symbol of the holder of a distaff; hence, a woman; women, collectively. His crown usurped, a distaff on the throne. Dryden. Some say the crozier, some say the distaff was too busy. Howell.

Note: The plural is regular, but Distaves occurs in Beaumont & Fletcher. Descent by distaff, descent on the mother's side. -- Distaff Day, or Distaff's Day, the morrow of the Epiphany, that is, January 7, because working at the distaff was then resumed, after the Christmas festival; -- called also Rock Day, a distaff being called a rock. Shipley.

DISTAIN Dis*tain", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distained; p. pr. & vb. n. Distaining.] Etym: [OE. desteinen, OF. desteindre to take away the color, F. déteindre; pref. des- (L. dis-) + F. teindre to tinge, dye, L. tingere. See Tinge, and cf. Stain.]

Defn: To tinge with a different color from the natural or proper one; to stain; to discolor; to sully; to tarnish; to defile; -- used chiefly in poetry. "Distained with dirt and blood." Spenser. [She] hath . . . distained her honorable blood. Spenser. The worthiness of praise distains his worth. Shak.

DISTAL Dis"tal, a. Etym: [From Distant.] (Physiol.) (a) Remote from the point of attachment or origin; as, the distal end of a bone or muscle; -- opposed to proximal. (b) Pertaining to that which is distal; as, the distal tuberosities of a bone.

DISTALLY Dis"tal*ly, adv. (Anat.)

Defn: Toward a distal part.

DISTANCE Dis"tance, n. Etym: [F. distance, L. distantia.]

1. The space between two objects; the length of a line, especially the shortest line joining two points or things that are separate; measure of separation in place. Every particle attracts every other with a force . . . inversely proportioned to the square of the distance. Sir I. Newton.

2. Remoteness of place; a remote place. Easily managed from a distance. W. Irving. 'T is distance lends enchantment to the view. T. Campbell. [He] waits at distance till he hears from Cato. Addison.

3. (Racing)

Defn: A space marked out in the last part of a race course. The horse that ran the whole field out of distance. L'Estrange.

Note: In trotting matches under the rules of the American Association, the distance varies with the conditions of the race, being 80 yards in races of mile heaths, best two in three, and 150 yards in races of two-mile heats. At that distance from the winning post in placed the distance post. If any horse has not reached this distance post before the first horse in that heat has reached the winning post, such horse is distanced, and disqualified for cunning again during that race.

4. (Mil.)

Defn: Relative space, between troops in ranks, measured from front to rear; -- contrasted with interval, which is measured from right to left. "Distance between companies in close column is twelve yards." Farrow.

5. Space between two antagonists in fencing. Shak.

6. (Painting)

Defn: The part of a picture which contains the representation of those objects which are the farthest away, esp. in a landscape.

Note: In a picture, the Middle distance is the central portion between the foreground and the distance or the extreme distance. In a perspective drawing, the Point of distance is the point where the visual rays meet.

7. Ideal disjunction; discrepancy; contrariety. Locke.

8. Length or interval of time; period, past or future, between two eras or events. Ten years' distance between one and the other. Prior. The writings of Euclid at the distance of two thousand years. Playfair.

9. The remoteness or reserve which respect requires; hence, respect; ceremoniousness. I hope your modesty Will know what distance to the crown is due. Dryden. 'T is by respect and distance that authority is upheld. Atterbury.

10. A withholding of intimacy; alienation; coldness; disagreement; variance; restraint; reserve. Setting them [factions] at distance, or at least distrust amongst themselves. Bacon. On the part of Heaven, Now alienated, distance and distaste. Milton.

11. Remoteness in succession or relation; as, the distance between a descendant and his ancestor.

12. (Mus.)

Defn: The interval between two notes; as, the distance of a fourth or seventh. Angular distance, the distance made at the eye by lines drawn from the eye to two objects. -- Lunar distance. See under Lunar. -- North polar distance (Astron.), the distance on the heavens of a heavenly body from the north pole. It is the complement of the declination. -- Zenith distance (Astron.), the arc on the heavens from a heavenly body to the zenith of the observer. It is the complement of the altitude. -- To keep one's distance, to stand aloof; to refrain from familiarity. If a man makes keep my distance, the comfort is he keeps his at the same time. Swift.

DISTANCE Dis"tance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Distancing.]

1. To place at a distance or remotely. I heard nothing thereof at Oxford, being then miles distanced thence. Fuller.

2. To cause to appear as if at a distance; to make seem remote. His peculiar art of distancing an object to aggrandize his space. H. Miller.

3. To outstrip by as much as a distance (see Distance, n., 3); to leave far behind; to surpass greatly. He distanced the most skillful of his contemporaries. Milner.

DISTANCY Dis"tan*cy, n.

Defn: Distance. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DISTANT Dis"tant, a. Etym: [F., fr. L. distans, -antis, p. pr. of distare to stand apart, be separate or distant; dis- + stare to stand. See Stand.]

1. Separated; having an intervening space; at a distance; away. One board had two tenons, equally distant. Ex. xxxvi. 22. Diana's temple is not distant far. Shak.

2. Far separated; far off; not near; remote; -- in place, time, consanguinity, or connection; as, distant times; distant relatives. The success of these distant enterprises. Prescott.

3. Reserved or repelling in manners; cold; not cordial; somewhat haughty; as, a distant manner. He passed me with a distant bow. Goldsmith.

4. Indistinct; faint; obscure, as from distance. Some distant knowledge. Shak. A distant glimpse. W. Irving.

5. Not conformable; discrepant; repugnant; as, a practice so widely distant from Christianity.

Syn. -- Separate; far; remote; aloof; apart; asunder; slight; faint; indirect; indistinct.

DISTANTIAL Dis*tan"tial, a.

Defn: Distant. [Obs.] More distantial from the eye. W. Montagu.

DISTANTLY Dis"tant*ly, adv.

Defn: At a distance; remotely; with reserve.

DISTASTE Dis*taste", n.

1. Aversion of the taste; dislike, as of food or drink; disrelish. Bacon.

2. Discomfort; uneasiness. Prosperity is not without many fears and distastes, and adversity is not without comforts and hopes. Bacon.

3. Alienation of affection; displeasure; anger. On the part of Heaven, Now alienated, distance and distaste. Milton.

Syn. -- Disrelish; disinclination; dislike; aversion; displeasure; dissatisfaction; disgust.

DISTASTE Dis*taste", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distasted; p. pr. & vb. n. Distasting.]

1. Not to have relish or taste for; to disrelish; to loathe; to dislike. Although my will distaste what it elected. Shak.

2. To offend; to disgust; to displease. [Obs.] He thought in no policy to distaste the English or Irish by a course of reformation, but sought to please them. Sir J. Davies.

3. To deprive of taste or relish; to make unsavory or distasteful. Drayton.

DISTASTE Dis*taste", v. i.

Defn: To be distasteful; to taste ill or disagreeable. [Obs.] Dangerous conceits are, in their natures, poisons, Which at the are scarce found to distaste. Shak.

DISTASTEFUL Dis*taste"ful, a.

1. Unpleasant or disgusting to the taste; nauseous; loathsome.

2. Offensive; displeasing to the feelings; disagreeable; as, a distasteful truth. Distasteful answer, and sometimes unfriendly actions. Milton.

3. Manifesting distaste or dislike; repulsive. "Distasteful looks." Shak.

Syn. -- Nauseous; unsavory; unpalatable; offensive; displeasing; dissatisfactory; disgusting. - Dis*taste"ful*ly, adv. -- Dis*taste"ful*ness, n.

DISTASTEIVE Dis*taste"ive, a.

Defn: Tending to excite distaste. [Obs.] -- n.

Defn: That which excites distaste or aversion. [Obs.] Whitlock.

DISTASTURE Dis*tas"ture, n.

Defn: Something which excites distaste or disgust. [Obs.] Speed.

DISTEMPER Dis*tem"per, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distempered; p. pr. & vb. n. Distempering.] Etym: [OF. destemprer, destremper, to distemper, F. détremper to soak, soften, slake (lime); pref. des- (L. dis-) + OF. temprer, tremper, F. tremper, L. temperare to mingle in due proportion. See Temper, and cf. Destemprer.]

1. To temper or mix unduly; to make disproportionate; to change the due proportions of. [Obs.] When . . . the humors in his body ben distempered. Chaucer.

2. To derange the functions of, whether bodily, mental, or spiritual; to disorder; to disease. Shak. The imagination, when completely distempered, is the most incurable of all disordered faculties. Buckminster.

3. To deprive of temper or moderation; to disturb; to ruffle; to make disaffected, ill-humored, or malignant. "Distempered spirits." Coleridge.

4. To intoxicate. [R.] The courtiers reeling, And the duke himself, I dare not say distempered, But kind, and in his tottering chair carousing. Massinger.

5. (Paint.)

Defn: To mix (colors) in the way of distemper; as, to distemper colors with size. [R.]

DISTEMPER Dis*tem"per, n. Etym: [See Distemper, v. t., and cf. Destemprer.]

1. An undue or unnatural temper, or disproportionate mixture of parts. Bacon.

Note: This meaning and most of the following are to be referred to the Galenical doctrine of the four "humors" in man. See Humor. According to the old physicians, these humors, when unduly tempered, produce a disordered state of body and mind.

2. Severity of climate; extreme weather, whether hot or cold. [Obs.] Those countries . . . under the tropic, were of a distemper uninhabitable. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. A morbid state of the animal system; indisposition; malady; disorder; -- at present chiefly applied to diseases of brutes; as, a distemper in dogs; the horse distemper; the horn distemper in cattle. They heighten distempers to diseases. Suckling.

4. Morbid temper of the mind; undue predominance of a passion or appetite; mental derangement; bad temper; ill humor. [Obs.] Little faults proceeding on distemper. Shak. Some frenzy distemper had got into his head. Bunyan.

5. Political disorder; tumult. Waller.

6. (Paint.) (a) A preparation of opaque or body colors, in which the pigments are tempered or diluted with weak glue or size (cf. Tempera) instead of oil, usually for scene painting, or for walls and ceilings of rooms. (b) A painting done with this preparation.

Syn. -- Disease; disorder; sickness; illness; malady; indisposition; ailment. See Disease.

DISTEMPERANCE Dis*tem"per*ance, n.

Defn: Distemperature. [Obs.]

DISTEMPERATE Dis*tem"per*ate, a. Etym: [LL. distemperatus, p. p.]

1. Immoderate. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Diseased; disordered. [Obs.] Wodroephe.

DISTEMPERATELY Dis*tem"per*ate*ly, adv.

Defn: Unduly. [Obs.]

DISTEMPERATURE Dis*tem"per*a*ture, n.

1. Bad temperature; intemperateness; excess of heat or cold, or of other qualities; as, the distemperature of the air. [Obs.]

2. Disorder; confusion. Shak.

3. Disorder of body; slight illness; distemper. A huge infectious troop Of pale distemperatures and foes to life. Shak.

4. Perturbation of mind; mental uneasiness. Sprinkled a little patience on the heat of his distemperature. Sir W. Scott.

DISTEMPERMENT Dis*tem"per*ment, n.

Defn: Distempered state; distemperature. [Obs.] Feltham.

DISTEND Dis*tend", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distended; p. pr. & vb. n. Distending.] Etym: [L. distendere, distentum, distensum; dis- + tendere to stretch, stretch out: cf. F. distendre to distend, détendre to unbend. See Tend, and cf. Detent.]

1. To extend in some one direction; to lengthen out; to stretch. [R.] But say, what mean those colored streaks in heaven Distended as the brow of God appeased Milton.

2. To stretch out or extend in all directions; to dilate; to enlarge, as by elasticity of parts; to inflate so as to produce tension; to cause to swell; as, to distend a bladder, the stomach, etc. The warmth distends the chinks. Dryden.

Syn. -- To dilate; expand; enlarge; swell; inflate.

DISTEND Dis*tend", v. i.

Defn: To become expanded or inflated; to swell. "His heart distends with pride." Milton.

DISTENSIBILITY Dis*ten`si*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or capacity of being distensible. [R.]

DISTENSIBLE Dis*ten"si*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being distended or dilated.

DISTENSION Dis*ten"sion, n.

Defn: Same as Distention.

DISTENSIVE Dis*ten"sive, a.

Defn: Distending, or capable of being distended.

DISTENT Dis*tent", a. Etym: [L. distentus, p. p. See Distend.]

Defn: Distended. [Poetic] Thomson.

DISTENT Dis*tent", n.

Defn: Breadth. [Obs.] Sir H. Wotton.

DISTENTION Dis*ten"tion, n. Etym: [L. distentio: cf. F. distension.]

1. The act of distending; the act of stretching in breadth or in all directions; the state of being Distended; as, the distention of the lungs.

2. Breadth; extent or space occupied by the thing distended.

DISTER Dis*ter", v. t. Etym: [L. dis- + terra earth, country; cf. Sp. & Pg. desterrar.]

Defn: To banish or drive from a country. [Obs.] Howell.

DISTERMINATE Dis*ter"mi*nate, a. Etym: [L. disterminatus, p. p. of disterminare to limit. See Terminate.]

Defn: Separated by bounds. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DISTERMINATION Dis*ter`mi*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. disterminatio.]

Defn: Separation by bounds. [Obs.] Hammond.

DISTHENE Dis"thene, n. Etym: [Gr. disthène.] (Min.)

Defn: Cyanite or kyanite; -- so called in allusion to its unequal hardness in two different directions. See Cyanite.

DISTHRONE Dis*throne", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- + throne: cf. OF. desthroner, F. détroner.]

Defn: To dethrone. [Obs.]

DISTHRONIZE Dis*thron"ize, v. t.

Defn: To dethrone. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISTICH Dis"tich, n. Etym: [L. distichon, Gr. stigan to ascend: cf. F. distique. See Stirrup.] (Pros.)

Defn: A couple of verses or poetic lines making complete sense; an epigram of two verses.

DISTICH; DISTICHOUS Dis"tich, Dis"tich*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. Distich, n.]

Defn: Disposed in two vertical rows; two-ranked.

DISTICHOUSLY Dis"tich*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a distichous manner.

DISTIL Dis*til", v. t. & i.

Defn: See Distill.

DISTILL Dis*till", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Distilled; p. pr. & vb. n. Distilling.] Etym: [F. distiller, from L. destillare, destillatum; de + stillare to drop, stilla a drop, prob. fr. stiria frozen drop, icicle; prob. akin to stare, E. stand. Cf. Still, n. & v., Instill.] [Written also distil.]

1. To drop; to fall in drops; to trickle. Soft showers distilled, and suns grew warm in vain. Pope.

2. To flow gently, or in a small stream. The Euphrates distilleth out of the mountains of Armenia. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. To practice the art of distillation. Shak.

DISTILL Dis*till", v. t.

1. To let fall or send down in drops. Or o'er the glebe distill the kindly rain. Pope. The dew which on the tender grass The evening had distilled. Drayton.

2. To obtain by distillation; to extract by distillation, as spirits, essential oil, etc.; to rectify; as, to distill brandy from wine; to distill alcoholic spirits from grain; to distill essential oils from flowers, etc.; to distill fresh water from sea water. "Distilling odors on me." Tennyson.

3. To subject to distillation; as, to distill molasses in making rum; to distill barley, rye, corn, etc.

4. To dissolve or melt. [R.] Swords by the lightning's subtle force distilled. Addison.

DISTILLABLE Dis*till"a*ble, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Capable of being distilled; especially, capable of being distilled without chemical change or decomposition; as, alcohol is distillable; olive oil is not distillable.

DISTILLATE Dis*till"ate, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The product of distillation; as, the distillate from molasses.

DISTILLATION Dis`til*la"tion, n. Etym: [F. distillation, L. destillatio.]

1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of pouring out in drops.

2. That which falls in drops. [R.] Johnson

3. (Chem.)

Defn: The separation of the volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically, the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam.

Note: The evaporation of water, its condensation into clouds, and its precipitation as rain, dew, frost, snow, or hail, is an illustration of natural distillation.

4. The substance extracted by distilling. Shak. Destructive distillation (Chem.), the distillation, especially of complex solid substances, so that the ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as, the destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood. -- Dry distillation, the distillation of substances by themselves, or without the addition of water or of other volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of citric acid. -- Fractional distillation. (Chem.) See under Fractional.

DISTILLATORY Dis*til"la*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. distillatoire.]

Defn: Belonging to, or used in, distilling; as, distillatory vessels. -- n.

Defn: A distillatory apparatus; a still.

DISTILLER Dis*till"er, n.

1. One who distills; esp., one who extracts alcoholic liquors by distillation.

2. The condenser of a distilling apparatus.

DISTILLERY Dis*till"er*y, n.; pl. Distilleries. Etym: [F. distillerie.]

1. The building and works where distilling, esp. of alcoholic liquors, is carried on.

2. The act of distilling spirits. [R.] Todd.

DISTILLMENT Dis*till"ment, n.

Defn: Distillation; the substance obtained by distillation. [Obs.] Shak.

DISTINCT Dis*tinct", a. Etym: [L. distinctus, p. p. of distinguere: cf. F. distinct. See Distinguish.]

1. Distinguished; having the difference marked; separated by a visible sign; marked out; specified. [Obs.] Wherever thus created -- for no place Is yet distinct by name. Milton.

2. Marked; variegated. [Obs.] The which [place] was dight With divers flowers distinct with rare delight. Spenser.

3. Separate in place; not conjunct; not united by growth or otherwise; -- with from. The intention was that the two armies which marched out together should afterward be distinct. Clarendon.

4. Not identical; different; individual. To offend, and judge, are distinct offices. Shak.

5. So separated as not to be confounded with any other thing; not liable to be misunderstood; not confused; well-defined; clear; as, we have a distinct or indistinct view of a prospect. Relation more particular and distinct. Milton.

Syn. -- Separate; unconnected; disjoined; different; clear; plain; conspicuous; obvious.

DISTINCT Dis*tinct", v. t.

Defn: To distinguish. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

DISTINCTION Dis*tinc"tion, n. Etym: [L. distinctio: cf. F. distinction.]

1. A marking off by visible signs; separation into parts; division. [Obs.] The distinction of tragedy into acts was not known. Dryden.

2. The act of distinguishing or denoting the differences between objects, or the qualities by which one is known from others; exercise of discernment; discrimination. To take away therefore that error, which confusion breedeth, distinction is requisite. Hooker.

3. That which distinguishes one thing from another; distinguishing quality; sharply defined difference; as, the distinction between real and apparent good. The distinction betwixt the animal kingdom and the inferior parts of matter. Locke.

4. Estimation of difference; regard to differences or distinguishing circumstance. Maids, women, wives, without distinction, fall. Dryden.

5. Conspicuous station; eminence; superiority; honorable estimation; as, a man of distinction. Your country's own means of distinction and defense. D. Webster.

Syn. -- Difference; variation, variety; contrast; diversity; contrariety; disagreement; discrimination; preference; superiority; rank; note; eminence.

DISTINCTIVE Dis*tinc"tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. distinctif.]

1. Marking or expressing distinction or difference; distinguishing; characteristic; peculiar. The distinctive character and institutions of New England. Bancroft.

2. Having the power to distinguish and discern; discriminating. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DISTINCTIVELY Dis*tinc"tive*ly, adv.

Defn: With distinction; plainly.

DISTINCTIVENESS Dis*tinc"tive*ness, n.

Defn: State of being distinctive.

DISTINCTLY Dis*tinct"ly, adv.

1. With distinctness; not confusedly; without the blending of one part or thing another; clearly; plainly; as, to see distinctly.

2. With meaning; significantly. [Obs.] Thou dost snore distinctly; There's meaning in thy snores. Shak.

Syn. -- Separately; clearly; plainly; obviously.

DISTINCTNESS Dis*tinct"ness, n.

1. The quality or state of being distinct; a separation or difference that prevents confusion of parts or things. The soul's . . . distinctness from the body. Cudworth.

2. Nice discrimination; hence, clearness; precision; as, he stated his arguments with great distinctness.

Syn. -- Plainness; clearness; precision; perspicuity.

DISTINCTURE Dis*tinc"ture, n.

Defn: Distinctness. [R.]

DISTINGUISH Dis*tin"guish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distinguished; p. pr. & vb. n. Distinguishing.] Etym: [F. distinguer, L. distinguere, distinctum; di- = dis- + stinguere to quench, extinguish; prob. orig., to prick, and so akin to G. stechen, E. stick, and perh. sting. Cf. Extinguish.]

1. Not set apart from others by visible marks; to make distinctive or discernible by exhibiting differences; to mark off by some characteristic. Not more distinguished by her purple vest, Than by the charming features of her face. Dryden. Milton has distinguished the sweetbrier and the eglantine. Nares.

2. To separate by definition of terms or logical division of a subject with regard to difference; as, to distinguish sounds into high and low. Moses distinguished the causes of the flood into those that belong to the heavens, and those that belong to the earth. T. Burnet.

3. To recognize or discern by marks, signs, or characteristic quality or qualities; to know and discriminate (anything) from other things with which it might be confounded; as, to distinguish the sound of a drum. We are enabled to distinguish good from evil, as well as truth from falsehood. Watts. Nor more can you distinguish of a man, Than of his outward show. Shak.

4. To constitute a difference; to make to differ. Who distinguisheth thee 1 Cor. iv. 7. (Douay version).

5. To separate from others by a mark of honor; to make eminent or known; to confer distinction upon; -- with by or for."To distinguish themselves by means never tried before." Johnson.

Syn. -- To mark; discriminate; differentiate; characterize; discern; perceive; signalize; honor; glorify.

DISTINGUISH Dis*tin"guish, v. i.

1. To make distinctions; to perceive the difference; to exercise discrimination; -- with between; as, a judge distinguishes between cases apparently similar, but differing in principle.

2. To become distinguished or distinctive; to make one's self or itself discernible. [R.] The little embryo . . . first distinguishes into a little knot. Jer. Taylor.

DISTINGUISHABLE Dis*tin"guish*a*ble, a.

1. Capable of being distinguished; separable; divisible; discernible; capable of recognition; as, a tree at a distance is distinguishable from a shrub. A simple idea being in itself uncompounded . . . is not distinguishable into different ideas. Locke.

2. Worthy of note or special regard. Swift.

DISTINGUISHABLENESS Dis*tin"guish*a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being distinguishable.

DISTINGUISHABLY Dis*tin"guish*a*bly, adv.

Defn: So as to be distinguished.

DISTINGUISHED Dis*tin"guished, a.

1. Marked; special. The most distinguished politeness. Mad. D' Arblay.

2. Separated from others by distinct difference; having, or indicating, superiority; eminent or known; illustrious; -- applied to persons and deeds.

Syn. -- Marked; noted; famous; conspicuous; celebrated; transcendent; eminent; illustrious; extraordinary; prominent. -- Distinguished, Eminent, Conspicuous, Celebrated, Illustrious. A man is eminent, when he stands high as compared with those around him; conspicuous, when he is so elevated as to be seen and observed; distinguished, when he has something which makes him stand apart from others in the public view; celebrated, when he is widely spoken of with honor and respect; illustrious, when a splendor is thrown around him which confers the highest dignity.

DISTINGUISHEDLY Dis*tin"guish*ed*ly, adv.

Defn: In a distinguished manner. [R.] Swift.

DISTINGUISHER Dis*tin"guish*er, n.

1. One who, or that which, distinguishes or separates one thing from another by marks of diversity. Sir T. Browne.

2. One who discerns accurately the difference of things; a nice or judicious observer. Dryden.

DISTINGUISHING Dis*tin"guish*ing, a.

Defn: Constituting difference, or distinction from everything else; distinctive; peculiar; characteristic. The distinguishing doctrines of our holy religion. Locke. Distinguishing pennant (Naut.), a special pennant by which any

## particular vessel in a fleet is recognized and signaled. Simmonds.

DISTINGUISHINGLY Dis*tin"guish*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With distinction; with some mark of preference. Pope.

DISTINGUISHMENT Dis*tin"guish*ment, n.

Defn: Observation of difference; distinction. Graunt.

DISTITLE Dis*ti"tle, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of title or right. [R.] B. Jonson.

DISTOMA Dis"to*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of parasitic, trematode worms, having two suckers for attaching themselves to the part they infest. See 1st Fluke,

2.

DISTORT Dis*tort", a. Etym: [L. distortus, p. p. of distorquere to twist, distort; dis- + torquere to twist. See Torsion.]

Defn: Distorted; misshapen. [Obs.] Her face was ugly and her mouth distort. Spenser.

DISTORT Dis*tort", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distorted; p. pr. & vb. n. Distorting.]

1. To twist of natural or regular shape; to twist aside physically; as, to distort the limbs, or the body. Whose face was distorted with pain. Thackeray.

2. To force or put out of the true posture or direction; to twist aside mentally or morally. Wrath and malice, envy and revenge, do darken and distort the understandings of men. Tillotson.

3. To wrest from the true meaning; to pervert; as, to distort passages of Scripture, or their meaning.

Syn. -- To twist; wrest; deform; pervert.

DISTORTER Dis*tort"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, distorts.

DISTORTION Dis*tor"tion, n. Etym: [L. distortio: cf. F. distortion.]

1. The act of distorting, or twisting out of natural or regular shape; a twisting or writhing motion; as, the distortions of the face or body.

2. A wresting from the true meaning. Bp. Wren.

3. The state of being distorted, or twisted out of shape or out of true position; crookedness; perversion.

4. (Med.)

Defn: An unnatural deviation of shape or position of any part of the body producing visible deformity.

DISTORTIVE Dis*tort"ive, a.

Defn: Causing distortion.

DISTRACT Dis*tract", a. Etym: [L. distractus, p. p. of distrahere to draw asunder; dis- + trahere to draw. See Trace, and cf. Distraught.]

1. Separated; drawn asunder. [Obs.]

2. Insane; mad. [Obs.] Drayton.

DISTRACT Dis*tract", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distracted, old p. p. Distraught; p. pr. & vb. n. Distracting.]

1. To draw apart or away; to divide; to disjoin. A city . . . distracted from itself. Fuller.

2. To draw (the sight, mind, or attention) in different directions; to perplex; to confuse; as, to distract the eye; to distract the attention. Mixed metaphors . . . distract the imagination. Goldsmith.

3. To agitate by conflicting passions, or by a variety of motives or of cares; to confound; to harass. Horror and doubt distract His troubled thoughts. Milton.

4. To unsettle the reason of; to render insane; to craze; to madden; -- most frequently used in the participle, distracted. A poor mad soul; . . . poverty hath distracted her. Shak.

DISTRACTED Dis*tract"ed, a.

Defn: Mentally disordered; unsettled; mad. My distracted mind. Pope.

DISTRACTEDLY Dis*tract"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: Disjointedly; madly. Shak.

DISTRACTEDNESS Dis*tract"ed*ness, n.

Defn: A state of being distracted; distraction. Bp. Hall.

DISTRACTER Dis*tract"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, distracts away.

DISTRACTFUL Dis*tract"ful, a.

Defn: Distracting. [R.] Heywood.

DISTRACTIBLE Dis*tract"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being drawn aside or distracted.

DISTRACTILE Dis*tract"ile, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Tending or serving to draw apart.

DISTRACTING Dis*tract"ing, a.

Defn: Tending or serving to distract.

DISTRACTION Dis*trac"tion, n. Etym: [L. distractio: cf. F. distraction.]

1. The act of distracting; a drawing apart; separation. To create distractions among us. Bp. Burnet.

2. That which diverts attention; a diversion. "Domestic distractions." G. Eliot.

3. A diversity of direction; detachment. [Obs.] His power went out in such distractions as Beguiled all species. Shak.

4. State in which the attention is called in different ways; confusion; perplexity. That ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction. 1 Cor. vii. 3

5. Confusion of affairs; tumult; disorder; as, political distractions. Never was known a night of such distraction. Dryden.

6. Agitation from violent emotions; perturbation of mind; despair. The distraction of the children, who saw both their parents together, would have melted the hardest heart. Tatler.

7. Derangement of the mind; madness. Atterbury.

Syn. -- Perplexity; confusion; disturbance; disorder; dissension; tumult; derangement; madness; raving; franticness; furiousness.

DISTRACTIOUS Dis*trac"tious, a.

Defn: Distractive. [Obs.]

DISTRACTIVE Dis*trac"tive, a.

Defn: Causing perplexity; distracting. "Distractive thoughts." Bp. Hall.

DISTRAIN Dis*train", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distrained; p. pr. & vb. n. Distraining.] Etym: [OE. destreinen to force, OF. destreindre to press, oppress, force, fr. L. distringere, districtum, to draw asunder, hinder, molest, LL., to punish severely; di- = stringere to draw tight, press together. See Strain, and cf. Distress, District, Distraint.]

1. To press heavily upon; to bear down upon with violence; hence, to constrain or compel; to bind; to distress, torment, or afflict. [Obs.] "Distrained with chains." Chaucer.

2. To rend; to tear. [Obs.] Neither guile nor force might it [a net] distrain. Spenser.

3. (Law) (a) To seize, as a pledge or indemnification; to take possession of as security for nonpayment of rent, the reparation of an injury done, etc.; to take by distress; as, to distrain goods for rent, or of an amercement. (b) To subject to distress; to coerce; as, to distrain a person by his goods and chattels.

DISTRAIN Dis*train", v. i.

Defn: To levy a distress. Upon whom I can distrain for debt. Camden.

DISTRAINABLE Dis*train"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being, or liable to be, distrained. Blackstone.

DISTRAINER Dis*train"er, n.

Defn: Same as Distrainor.

DISTRAINOR Dis*train"or, n. (Law)

Defn: One who distrains; the party distraining goods or chattels. Blackstone.

DISTRAINT Dis*traint", n. Etym: [OF. destrainte distress, force.] (Law)

Defn: The act or proceeding of seizing personal property by distress. Abbott.

DISTRAIT Dis`trait", a. Etym: [F. See Distract.]

Defn: Absent-minded; lost in thought; abstracted.

DISTRAUGHT Dis*traught", p. p. & a. Etym: [OE. distract, distrauht. See Distract, a.]

1. Torn asunder; separated. [Obs.] "His greedy throat . . . distraught." Spenser.

2. Distracted; perplexed. "Distraught twixt fear and pity." Spenser. As if thou wert distraught and mad with terror. Shak. To doubt betwixt our senses and our souls Which are the most distraught and full of pain. Mrs. Browning.

DISTRAUGHTED Dis*traught"ed, a.

Defn: Distracted. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISTREAM Dis*tream", v. i. Etym: [Pref. dis- (intens.) + stream.]

Defn: To flow. [Poetic] Yet o'er that virtuous blush distreams a tear. Shenstone.

DISTRESS Dis*tress", n. Etym: [OE. destresse, distresse, OF. destresse, destrece, F. détresse, OF. destrecier to distress, (assumed) LL. districtiare, fr. L. districtus, p. p. of distringere. See Distrain, and cf. Stress.]

1. Extreme pain or suffering; anguish of body or mind; as, to suffer distress from the gout, or from the loss of friends. Not fearing death nor shrinking for distress. Shak.

2. That which occasions suffering; painful situation; misfortune; affliction; misery. Affliction's sons are brothers in distress. Burns.

3. A state of danger or necessity; as, a ship in distress, from leaking, loss of spars, want of provisions or water, etc.

4. (Law) (a) The act of distraining; the taking of a personal chattel out of the possession of a wrongdoer, by way of pledge for redress of an injury, or for the performance of a duty, as for nonpayment of rent or taxes, or for injury done by cattle, etc. (b) The thing taken by distraining; that which is seized to procure satisfaction. Bouvier. Kent. Burrill. If he were not paid, he would straight go and take a distress of goods and cattle. Spenser. The distress thus taken must be proportioned to the thing distrained for. Blackstone. Abuse of distress. (Law) See under Abuse.

Syn. -- Affliction; suffering; pain; agony; misery; torment; anguish; grief; sorrow; calamity; misfortune; trouble; adversity. See Affliction.

DISTRESS Dis*tress", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distressed; p. pr. & vb. n. Distressing.] Etym: [Cf. OF. destrecier. See Distress, n.]

1. To cause pain or anguish to; to pain; to oppress with calamity; to afflict; to harass; to make miserable. We are troubled on every side, yet not distressed. 2 Cor. iv. 8.

2. To compel by pain or suffering. Men who can neither be distressed nor won into a sacrifice of duty. A. Hamilton.

3. (Law)

Defn: To seize for debt; to distrain.

Syn. -- To pain; grieve; harass; trouble; perplex; afflict; worry; annoy.

DISTRESSEDNESS Dis*tress"ed*ness, n.

Defn: A state of being distressed or greatly pained.

DISTRESSFUL Dis*tress"ful, a.

Defn: Full of distress; causing, indicating, or attended with, distress; as, a distressful situation. "Some distressful stroke." Shak. "Distressful cries." Pope. -- Dis*tress"ful*ly, adv.

DISTRESSING Dis*tress"ing, a.

Defn: Causing distress; painful; unpleasant.

DISTRESSING Dis*tress"ing, adv.

Defn: In a distressing manner.

DISTRIBUTABLE Dis*trib"u*ta*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being distributed. Sir W. Jones.

DISTRIBUTARY Dis*trib"u*ta*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to distribute or be distributed; that distributes; distributive.

DISTRIBUTE Dis*trib"ute, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distributed; p. pr. & vb. n. Distributing.] Etym: [L. distributus, p. p. of distribuere to divide, distribute; dis- + tribuere to assign, give, allot. See Tribute.]

1. To divide among several or many; to deal out; to apportion; to allot. She did distribute her goods to all them that were nearest of kindred. Judith xvi. 24.

2. To dispense; to administer; as, to distribute justice. Shak.

3. To divide or separate, as into classes, orders, kinds, or species; to classify; to assort, as specimens, letters, etc.

4. (Printing) (a) To separate (type which has been used) and return it to the proper boxes in the cases. (b) To spread (ink) evenly, as upon a roller or a table.

5. (Logic)

Defn: To employ (a term) in its whole extent; to take as universal in one premise. A term is said to be distributed when it is taken universal, so as to stand for everything it is capable of being applied to. Whately.

Syn. -- To dispense; deal out; apportion; allot; share; assign; divide.

DISTRIBUTE Dis*trib"ute, v. i.

Defn: To make distribution. Distributing to the necessity of saints. Rom. xii. 13.

DISTRIBUTER Dis*trib"u*ter, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, distributes or deals out anything; a dispenser. Addison.

DISTRIBUTING Dis*trib"u*ting, a.

Defn: That distributes; dealing out. Distributing past office, an office where the mails for a large district are collected to be assorted according to their destination and forwarded.

DISTRIBUTION Dis`tri*bu"tion, n. Etym: [L. distributio: cf. F. distribution.]

1. The act of distributing or dispensing; the act of dividing or apportioning among several or many; apportionment; as, the distribution of an estate among heirs or children. The phenomena of geological distribution are exactly analogous to those of geography. A. R. Wallace.

2. Separation into parts or classes; arrangement of anything into parts; disposition; classification.

3. That which is distributed. "Our charitable distributions." Atterbury.

4. (Logic)

Defn: A resolving a whole into its parts.

5. (Print.)

Defn: The sorting of types and placing them in their proper boxes in the cases.

6. (Steam Engine)

Defn: The steps or operations by which steam is supplied to and withdrawn from the cylinder at each stroke of the piston; viz., admission, suppression or cutting off, release or exhaust, and compression of exhaust steam prior to the next admission. Geographical distribution, the natural arrangements of animals and plants in particular regions or districts.

Syn. -- Apportionments; allotment; dispensation; disposal; dispersion; classification; arrangement.

DISTRIBUTIONAL Dis`tri*bu"tion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to distribution. Huxley.

DISTRIBUTIONIST Dis`tri*bu"tion*ist, n.

Defn: A distributer. [R.] Dickens.

DISTRIBUTIVE Dis*trib"u*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. distributif.]

1. Tending to distribute; serving to divide and assign in portions; dealing to each his proper share. "Distributive justice." Swift.

2. (Logic)

Defn: Assigning the species of a general term.

3. (Gram.)

Defn: Expressing separation; denoting a taking singly, not collectively; as, a distributive adjective or pronoun, such as each, either, every; a distributive numeral, as (Latin) bini (two by two). Distributive operation (Math.), any operation which either consists of two or more parts, or works upon two or more things, and which is such that the result of the total operation is the same as the aggregated result of the two or more partial operations. Ordinary multiplication is distributive, since a × (b + c) = ab + ac, and (a + b) × c = ac + bc. -- Distributive proportion. (Math.) See Fellowship.

DISTRIBUTIVE Dis*trib"u*tive, n. (Gram.)

Defn: A distributive adjective or pronoun; also, a distributive numeral.

DISTRIBUTIVELY Dis*trib"u*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: By distribution; singly; not collectively; in a distributive manner.

DISTRIBUTIVENESS Dis*trib"u*tive*ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being distributive.

DISTRIBUTOR Dis*trib"u*tor, n. [L.] One that distributes; a distributer; specif.: (a) A machine for distributing type. (b) An appliance, as a roller, in a printing press, for distributing ink. (c) An apparatus for distributing an electric current, either to various points in rotation, as in some motors, or along two or more lines in parallel, as in a distributing system.

DISTRICT Dis"trict, a. Etym: [L. districtus, p. p.]

Defn: Rigorous; stringent; harsh. [Obs.] Punishing with the rod of district severity. Foxe.

DISTRICT Dis"trict, n. Etym: [LL. districtus district, fr. L. districtus, p. p. of distringere: cf. F. district. See Distrain.]

1. (Feudal Law)

Defn: The territory within which the lord has the power of coercing and punishing.

2. A division of territory; a defined portion of a state, town, or city, etc., made for administrative, electoral, or other purposes; as, a congressional district, judicial district, land district, school district, etc. To exercise exclusive legislation . . . over such district not exceeding ten miles square. The Constitution of the United States.

3. Any portion of territory of undefined extent; a region; a country; a tract. These districts which between the tropics lie. Blackstone. Congressional district. See under Congressional. -- District attorney, the prosecuting officer of a district or district court. -- District court, a subordinate municipal, state, or United States tribunal, having jurisdiction in certain cases within a judicial district. -- District judge, one who presides over a district court. -- District school, a public school for the children within a school district. [U.S.]

Syn. -- Division; circuit; quarter; province; tract; region; country.

DISTRICT Dis"trict, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Districted; p. pr. & vb. n. Districting.]

Defn: To divide into districts or limited portions of territory; as, legislatures district States for the choice of representatives.

DISTRICTION Dis*tric"tion, n. Etym: [L. districtio a stretching out.]

Defn: Sudden display; flash; glitter. [R.] A smile . . . breaks out with the brightest distriction. Collier.

DISTRICTLY Dis"trict*ly, adv.

Defn: Strictly. [Obs.] Foxe.

DISTRINGAS Dis*trin"gas, n. Etym: [L., that you distrain, fr. distringere. See Distrain.] (Law)

Defn: A writ commanding the sheriff to distrain a person by his goods or chattels, to compel a compliance with something required of him.

DISTROUBLE Dis*trou"ble, v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- (intens.) + trouble.]

Defn: To trouble. [Obs.] Spenser.

DISTRUST Dis*trust", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Distrusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Distrusting.] Etym: [Cf. Mistrust.]

Defn: To feel absence of trust in; not to confide in or rely upon; to deem of questionable sufficiency or reality; to doubt; to be suspicious of; to mistrust. Not distrusting my health. 2 Mac. ix. 22. To distrust the justice of your cause. Dryden. He that requireth the oath doth distrust that other. Udall. Of all afraid, Distrusting all, a wise, suspicious maid. Collins.

Note: Mistrust has been almost wholly driven out by distrust. T. L. K. Oliphant.

DISTRUST Dis*trust", n.

1. Doubt of sufficiency, reality, or sincerity; want of confidence, faith, or reliance; as, distrust of one's power, authority, will, purposes, schemes, etc.

2. Suspicion of evil designs. Alienation and distrust . . . are the growth of false principles. D. Webster.

3. State of being suspected; loss of trust. Milton.

DISTRUSTER Dis*trust"er, n.

Defn: One who distrusts.

DISTRUSTFUL Dis*trust"ful, a.

1. Not confident; diffident; wanting confidence or thrust; modest; as, distrustful of ourselves, of one's powers. Distrustful sense with modest caution speaks. Pope.

2. Apt to distrust; suspicious; mistrustful. Boyle. -- Dis*trust"ful*ly, adv. -- Dis*trust"ful*ness, n.

DISTRUSTING Dis*trust"ing, a.

Defn: That distrusts; suspicious; lacking confidence in. -- Dis*trust"ing*ly, adv.

DISTRUSTLESS Dis*trust"less, a.

Defn: Free from distrust. Shenstone.

DISTUNE Dis*tune", v. t.

Defn: To put out of tune. [Obs.]

DISTURB Dis*turb", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disturbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Disturbing.] Etym: [OE. desturben, destourben, OF. destorber, desturber, destourber, fr. L. disturbare, disturbatum; dis- + turbare to disturb, trouble, turba disorder, tumult, crowd. See Turbid.]

1. To throw into disorder or confusion; to derange; to interrupt the settled state of; to excite from a state of rest. Preparing to disturb With all-cofounding war the realms above. Cowper. The bellow's noise disturbed his quiet rest. Spenser. The utmost which the discontented colonies could do, was to disturb authority. Burke.

2. To agitate the mind of; to deprive of tranquillity; to disquiet; to render uneasy; as, a person is disturbed by receiving an insult, or his mind is disturbed by envy.

3. To turn from a regular or designed course. [Obs.] And disturb His inmost counsels from their destined aim. Milton.

Syn. -- To disorder; disquiet; agitate; discompose; molest; perplex; trouble; incommode; ruffle.

DISTURB Dis*turb", n.

Defn: Disturbance. [Obs.] Milton.

DISTURBANCE Dis*turb"ance, n. Etym: [OF. destorbance.]

1. An interruption of a state of peace or quiet; derangement of the regular course of things; disquiet; disorder; as, a disturbance of religious exercises; a disturbance of the galvanic current.

2. Confusion of the mind; agitation of the feelings; perplexity; uneasiness. Any man . . . in a state of disturbance and irritation. Burke.

3. Violent agitation in the body politic; public commotion; tumult. The disturbance was made to support a general accusation against the province. Bancroft.

4. (Law)

Defn: The hindering or disquieting of a person in the lawful and peaceable enjoyment of his right; the interruption of a right; as, the disturbance of a franchise, of common, of ways, and the like. Blackstone.

Syn. -- Tumult; brawl; commotion; turmoil; uproar; hubbub; disorder; derangement; confusion; agitation; perturbation; annoyance.

DISTURBATION Dis`tur*ba"tion, n. Etym: [L. disturbatio.]

Defn: Act of disturbing; disturbance. [Obs.] Daniel.

DISTURBER Dis*turb"er, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. destorbeor.]

1. One who, or that which, disturbs of disquiets; a violator of peace; a troubler. A needless disturber of the peace of God's church and an author of dissension. Hooker.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who interrupts or incommodes another in the peaceable enjoyment of his right.

DISTURN Dis*turn", v. t. Etym: [OF. destourner, F. détourner. See Detour.]

Defn: To turn aside. [Obs.] Daniel.

DISTYLE Dis"tyle, a. Etym: [Gr. distyle.] (Arch.)

Defn: Having two columns in front; -- said of a temple, portico, or the like. Distyle in antis, having columns between two antæ. See Anta.

DISULPHATE Di*sul"phate, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + sulphate.] (Chem.) (a) A salt of disulphuric or pyrosulphuric acid; a pyrosulphate. (b) An acid salt of sulphuric acid, having only one equivalent of base to two of the acid.

DISULPHIDE Di*sul"phide (; 104), n. Etym: [Pref. di- + sulphide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A binary compound of sulphur containing two atoms of sulphur in each molecule; -- formerly called disulphuret. Cf. Bisulphide.

DISULPHURET Di*sul"phu*ret, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + sulphuret.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Disulphide.

DISULPHURIC Di`sul*phu"ric, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + sulphuric.] (Chem.)

Defn: Applied to an acid having in each molecule two atoms of sulphur in the higher state of oxidation. Disulphuric acid, a thick oily liquid, H2S2O7, called also Nordhausen acid (from Nordhausen in the Harts, where it was originally manufactured), fuming sulphuric acid, and especially pyrosulphuric acid. See under Pyrosulphuric.

DISUNIFORM Dis*u"ni*form, a.

Defn: Not uniform. [Obs.]

DISUNION Dis*un"ion, n. Etym: [Pref. dis- + union: cf. F. désunion.]

1. The termination of union; separation; disjunction; as, the disunion of the body and the soul.

2. A breach of concord and its effect; alienation. Such a disunion between the two houses as might much clouClarendon.

3. The termination or disruption of the union of the States forming the United States. I have not accustomed myself to hang over the precipice of disunion. D. Webster.

DISUNIONIST Dis*un"ion*ist, n.

Defn: An advocate of disunion, specifically, of disunion of the United States.

DISUNITE Dis`u*nite", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disunited; p. pr. & vb. n. Disuniting.]

1. To destroy the union of; to divide; to part; to sever; to disjoin; to sunder; to separate; as, to disunite particles of matter.

2. To alienate in spirit; to break the concord of. Go on both in hand, O nations, never be disunited, be the praise . . . of all posterity! Milton.

DISUNITE Dis`u*nite", v. i.

Defn: To part; to fall asunder; to become separated. The joints of the body politic do separate and disunite. South.

DISUNITER Dis`u*nit"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, disjoins or causes disunion.

DISUNITY Dis*u"ni*ty, n.

Defn: A state of separation or disunion; want of unity. Dr. H. More.

DISUSAGE Dis*us"age, n.

Defn: Gradual cessation of use or custom; neglect of use; disuse. [R.] Hooker.

DISUSE Dis*use" (; see Dis-), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Disused; p. pr. & vb. n. Disusing.]

1. To cease to use; to discontinue the practice of.

2. To disaccustom; -- with to or from; as, disused to toil. "Disuse me from . . . pain." Donne.

DISUSE Dis*use", n.

Defn: Cessation of use, practice, or exercise; inusitation; desuetude; as, the limbs lose their strength by disuse. The disuse of the tongue in the only . . . remedy. Addison. Church discipline then fell into disuse. Southey.

DISUTILIZE Dis*u"til*ize, v. t.

Defn: To deprive of utility; to render useless. [R.] Mrs. Browning.

DISVALUATION Dis*val`u*a"tion, n.

Defn: Disesteem; depreciation; disrepute. Bacon.

DISVALUE Dis*val"ue (; see Dis-), v. t.

Defn: To undervalue; to depreciate. Shak.

DISVALUE Dis*val"ue, n.

Defn: Disesteem; disregard. B. Jonson.

DISVANTAGEOUS Dis`van*ta"geous, a. Etym: [Pref. dis- + vantage.]

Defn: Disadvantageous. [Obs.] "Disadvantageous ground." Drayton.

DISVELOP Dis*vel"op, v. t.

Defn: To develop. [Obs.]

DISVENTURE Dis*ven"ture, n.

Defn: A disadventure. [Obs.] Shelton.

DISVOUCH Dis*vouch", v. t.

Defn: To discredit; to contradict. [Obs.] Shak.

DISWARN Dis*warn", v. t. Etym: [Pref. dis- (intens.) + warn.]

Defn: To dissuade from by previous warning. [Obs.]

DISWITTED Dis*wit"ted, a.

Defn: Deprived of wits or understanding; distracted. [Obs.] Drayton.

DISWONT Dis*wont", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of wonted usage; to disaccustom. [R.] Bp. Hall.

DISWORKMANSHIP Dis*work"man*ship, n.

Defn: Bad workmanship. [Obs.] Heywood.

DISWORSHIP Dis*wor"ship, v. t.

Defn: To refuse to worship; to treat as unworthy. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

DISWORSHIP Dis*wor"ship, n.

Defn: A deprivation of honor; a cause of disgrace; a discredit. [Obs.] Milton.

DISWORTH Dis*worth", v. t.

Defn: To deprive of worth; to degrade. [Obs.] Feltham.

DISYOKE Dis*yoke", v. t.

Defn: To unyoke; to free from a yoke; to disjoin. [Poetic] R. Browning.

DIT Dit, n. Etym: [Ditty.]

1. A word; a decree. [Obs.]

2. A ditty; a song. [Obs.]

DIT Dit, v. t. Etym: [AS. dyttan, akin to Icel. ditta.]

Defn: To close up. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DITATION Di*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. ditare to enrich, fr. dis, ditis, same as dives, rich.]

Defn: The act of making rich; enrichment. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DITCH Ditch (; 224), n.; pl. Ditches. Etym: [OE. dich, orig. the same word as dik. See Dike.]

1. A trench made in the earth by digging, particularly a trench for draining wet land, for guarding or fencing inclosures, or for preventing an approach to a town or fortress. In the latter sense, it is called also a moat or a fosse.

2. Any long, narrow receptacle for water on the surface of the earth.

DITCH Ditch, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ditched; p. pr. & vb. n. Ditching.]

1. To dig a ditch or ditches in; to drain by a ditch or ditches; as, to ditch moist land.

2. To surround with a ditch. Shak.

3. To throw into a ditch; as, the engine was ditched and turned on its side.

DITCH Ditch, v. i.

Defn: To dig a ditch or ditches. Swift.

DITCHER Ditch"er, n.

Defn: One who digs ditches.

DITE Dite, v. t. Etym: [See Dight.]

Defn: To prepare for action or use; to make ready; to dight. [Obs.] His hideous club aloft he dites. Spenser.

DITEREBENE Di*ter"e*bene, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + terebene.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Colophene.

DITHECAL; DITHECOUS Di*the"cal, Di*the"cous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + theca.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having two thecæ, cells, or compartments.

DITHEISM Di"the*ism, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + theism: cf. F. dithéisme.]

Defn: The doctrine of those who maintain the existence of two gods or of two original principles (as in Manicheism), one good and one evil; dualism.

DITHEIST Di"the*ist, n.

Defn: One who holds the doctrine of ditheism; a dualist. Cudworth.

DITHEISTIC; DITHEISTICAL Di`the*is"tic, Di`the*is"tic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to ditheism; dualistic.

DITHIONIC Di`thi*on"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + -thionic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Containing two equivalents of sulphur; as, dithionic acid. Dithionic acid (Chem.), an unstable substance, H2S2O6, known only in its solutions, and in certain well-defined salts.

DITHYRAMB Dith"y*ramb, n. Etym: [L. dithyrambus, Gr. dithyrambe.]

Defn: A kind of lyric poetry in honor of Bacchus, usually sung by a band of revelers to a flute accompaniment; hence, in general, a poem written in a wild irregular strain. Bentley.

DITHYRAMBIC Dith`y*ram"bic, a. Etym: [L. dithyrambicus, Gr. dithyrambique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, a dithyramb; wild and boisterous. "Dithyrambic sallies." Longfellow. -- n.

Defn: A dithyrambic poem; a dithyramb.

DITHYRAMBUS Dith`y*ram"bus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Dithyramb.

DITION Di"tion, n. Etym: [L. ditio, dicio: cf. F. dition.]

Defn: Dominion; rule. [Obs.] Evelyn.

DITIONARY Di"tion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Under rule; subject; tributary. [Obs.] Chapman.

DITIONARY Di"tion*a*ry, n.

Defn: A subject; a tributary. [Obs.] Eden.

DITOKOUS Di"to*kous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) Having two kinds of young, as certain annelids. (b) Producing only two eggs for a clutch, as certain birds do.

DITOLYL Di*tol"yl, n. Etym: [Pref. di- + tolyl.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C14H14, consisting of two radicals or residues of toluene.

DITONE Di"tone`, n. Etym: [Gr. (Mus.)

Defn: The Greek major third, which comprehend two major tones (the modern major third contains one major and one minor whole tone).

DITRICHOTOMOUS Di`tri*chot"o*mous, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + trichotomous.]

1. Divided into twos or threes.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Dividing into double or treble ramifications; -- said of a leaf or stem. [R.] Loudon.

DITROCHEAN Di`tro*che"an, a. (Pros.)

Defn: Containing two trochees.

DITROCHEE Di*tro"chee, n. Etym: [L. ditrochaeus, Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: A double trochee; a foot made up of two trochees.

DITROITE Dit"ro*ite, n. Etym: [Named from Ditro in Transylvania.] (Min.)

Defn: An igneous rock composed of orthoclase, elæolite, and sodalite.

DITT Ditt, n.

Defn: See Dit, n.,

2. [Obs.] Spenser.

DITTANDER Dit*tan"der, n. Etym: [See Dittany.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of peppergrass (Lepidium latifolium).

DITTANY Dit"ta*ny, n. Etym: [OE. dytane, detane, dytan, OF. ditain, F. dictame, L. dictamnum, fr. Gr. Dicte in Crete. Cf. Dittander.] (Bot.) (a) A plant of the Mint family (Origanum Dictamnus), a native of Crete. (b) The Dictamnus Fraxinella. See Dictamnus. (c) In America, the Cunila Mariana, a fragrant herb of the Mint family.

DITTIED Dit"tied, a. Etym: [From Ditty.]

Defn: Set, sung, or composed as a ditty; -- usually in composition. Who, with his soft pipe, and smooth-dittied song. Milton.

DITTO Dit"to, n.; pl. Dittos (. Etym: [It., detto, ditto, fr. L. dictum. See Dictum.]

Defn: The aforesaid thing; the same (as before). Often contracted to do., or to two "turned commas" ("), or small marks. Used in bills, books of account, tables of names, etc., to save repetition. A spacious table in the center, and a variety of smaller dittos in the corners. Dickens.

DITTO Dit"to, adv.

Defn: As before, or aforesaid; in the same manner; also.

DITTOLOGY Dit*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A double reading, or twofold interpretation, as of a Scripture text. [R.]

DITTY Dit"ty, n.; pl. Ditties. Etym: [OE. dite, OF. ditié, fr. L. dictatum, p. p. neut. of dictare to say often, dictate, compose. See Dictate, v. t.]

1. A saying or utterance; especially, one that is short and frequently repeated; a theme. O, too high ditty for my simple rhyme. Spenser.

2. A song; a lay; a little poem intended to be sung. "Religious, martial, or civil ditties." Milton.ditties sing. Sandys.

DITTY Dit"ty, v. i.

Defn: To sing; to warble a little tune. Beasts fain would sing; birds ditty to their notes. Herbert.

DITTY-BAG Dit"ty-bag`, n.

Defn: A sailor's small bag to hold thread, needles, tape, etc.; -- also called sailor's housewife.

DITTY-BOX Dit"ty-box`, n.

Defn: A small box to hold a sailor's thread, needless, comb, etc.

DIUREIDE Di*u"re*ide, n. Etym: [Di- + ureide.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of a series of complex nitrogenous substances regarded as containing two molecules of urea or their radicals, as uric acid or allantoin. Cf. Ureide.

DIURESIS Di`u*re"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Diuretic.] (Med.)

Defn: Free excretion of urine.

DIURETIC Di`u*ret"ic, a. Etym: [L. diureticus, Gr. diurétique.] (Med.)

Defn: Tending to increase the secretion and discharge of urine. -- n.

Defn: A medicine with diuretic properties. Diuretic salt (Med.), potassium acetate; -- so called because of its diuretic properties.

DIURETICAL Di`u*ret"ic*al, a.

Defn: Diuretic. [Obs.] Boyle.

DIURETICALNESS Di`u*ret"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being diuretical; diuretic property.

DIURNA Di*ur"na, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. diurnus belonging to the day.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Lepidoptera, including the butterflies; -- so called because they fly only in the daytime.

DIURNAL Di*ur"nal, a. Etym: [L. diurnalis, fr. dies day. See Deity, and cf. Journal.]

1. Relating to the daytime; belonging to the period of daylight, distinguished from the night; -- opposed to Ant: nocturnal; as, diurnal heat; diurnal hours.

2. Daily; recurring every day; performed in a day; going through its changes in a day; constituting the measure of a day; as, a diurnal fever; a diurnal task; diurnal aberration, or diurnal parallax; the diurnal revolution of the earth. Ere twice the horses of the sun shall bring Their fiery torcher his diurnal ring. Shak.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Opening during the day, and closing at night; -- said of flowers or leaves.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Active by day; -- applied especially to the eagles and hawks among raptorial birds, and to butterflies (Diurna) among insects. Diurnal aberration (Anat.), the aberration of light arising from the effect of the earth's rotation upon the apparent direction of motion of light. -- Diurnal arc, the arc described by the sun during the daytime or while above the horizon; hence, the arc described by the moon or a star from rising to setting. -- Diurnal circle, the apparent circle described by a celestial body in consequence of the earth's rotation. -- Diurnal motion of the earth, the motion of the earth upon its axis which is described in twentyfour hours. -- Diurnal motion of a heavenly body, that apparent motion of the heavenly body which is due to the earth's diurnal motion. -- Diurnal parallax. See under Parallax. -- Diurnal revolution of a planet, the motion of the planet upon its own axis which constitutes one complete revolution.

Syn. -- See Daily.

DIURNAL Di*ur"nal, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diurnal a prayerbook. See Diurnal, a.]

1. A daybook; a journal. [Obs.] Tatler.

2. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: A small volume containing the daily service for the "little hours," viz., prime, tierce, sext, nones, vespers, and compline.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A diurnal bird or insect.

DIURNALIST Di*ur"nal*ist, n.

Defn: A journalist. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DIURNALLY Di*ur"nal*ly, adv.

Defn: Daily; every day.

DIURNALNESS Di*ur"nal*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being diurnal.

DIURNATION Di`ur*na"tion, n.

1. Continuance during the day. [Obs.]

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The condition of sleeping or becoming dormant by day, as is the case of the bats.

DIUTURNAL Di`u*tur"nal, a. Etym: [L. diuturnus, fr. diu a long time, by day; akin to dies day.]

Defn: Of long continuance; lasting. [R.] Milton.

DIUTURNITY Di`u*tur"ni*ty, n. Etym: [L. diuturnitas.]

Defn: Long duration; lastingness. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

DIVA Di"va (de"va), n.; It. pl. Dive (de"va). [It., prop. fem. of divo divine, L. divus.]

Defn: A prima donna.

DIVAGATION Di`va*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. divagari to wander about; di- = dis- + vagari to stroll about: cf. F. divagation. See Vagary.]

Defn: A wandering about or going astray; digression. Let us be set down at Queen's Crawley without further divagation. Thackeray.

DIVALENT Div"a*lent, a. Etym: [Pref. di- + L. valens, valentis, p. pr. See Valence.] (Chem.)

Defn: Having two units of combining power; bivalent. Cf. Valence.

DIVAN Di*van", n. Etym: [Per. diwan a book of many leaves, an account book, a collection of books, a senate, council: cf. Ar. daiwan, F. divan.]

1. A book; esp., a collection of poems written by one author; as, the divan of Hafiz. [Persia]

2. In Turkey and other Oriental countries: A council of state; a royal court. Also used by the poets for a grand deliberative council or assembly. Pope.

3. A chief officer of state. [India]

4. A saloon or hall where a council is held, in Oriental countries, the state reception room in places, and in the houses of the richer citizens. Cushions on the floor or on benches are ranged round the room.

5. A cushioned seat, or a large, low sofa or couch; especially, one fixed to its place, and not movable.

6. A coffee and smoking saloon. [Colloq.]

DIVARICATE Di*var"i*cate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Divaricated; p. pr. & vb. n. Divaricating.] Etym: [L. divaricatus, p. p. of divaricare to stretch apart; di- = dis- + varicare to straddle, fr. varicus straddling, fr. varus stretched outwards.]

1. To part into two branches; to become bifid; to fork.

2. To diverge; to be divaricate. Woodward.

DIVARICATE Di*var"i*cate, v. t.

Defn: To divide into two branches; to cause to branch apart.

DIVARICATE Di*var"i*cate, a. Etym: [L. divaricatus, p. p.]

1. Diverging; spreading asunder; widely diverging.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Forking and diverging; widely diverging; as the branches of a tree, or as lines of sculpture, or color markings on animals, etc.

DIVARICATELY Di*var"i*cate*ly, adv.

Defn: With divarication.

DIVARICATION Di*var`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. divarication.]

1. A separation into two parts or branches; a forking; a divergence.

2. An ambiguity of meaning; a disagreement of difference in opinion. Sir T. Browne.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: A divergence of lines of color sculpture, or of fibers at different angles.

DIVARICATOR Di*var`i*ca"tor, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the muscles which open the shell of brachiopods; a cardinal muscle. See Illust. of Brachiopoda.

DIVAST Di*vast", a.

Defn: Devastated; laid waste. [Obs.]

DIVE Dive, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dived, colloq. Dove (, a relic of the AS. strong forms deáf, dofen; p. pr. & vb. n. Diving.] Etym: [OE. diven, duven, AS. d to sink, v. t., fr. d, v. i.; akin to Icel. d, G. taufen, E. dip, deep, and perh. to dove, n. Cf. Dip.]

1. To plunge into water head foremost; to thrust the body under, or deeply into, water or other fluid. It is not that pearls fetch a high price because men have dived for them. Whately.

Note: The colloquial form dove is common in the United States as an imperfect tense form. All [the walruses] dove down with a tremendous splash. Dr. Hayes. When closely pressed it [the loon] dove . . . and left the young bird sitting in the water. J. Burroughs.

2. Fig.: To plunge or to go deeply into any subject, question, business, etc.; to penetrate; to explore. South.

DIVE Dive, v. t.

1. To plunge (a person or thing) into water; to dip; to duck. [Obs.] Hooker.

2. To explore by diving; to plunge into. [R.] The Curtii bravely dived the gulf of fame. Denham. He dives the hollow, climbs the steeps. Emerson.

DIVE Dive, n.

1. A plunge headforemost into water, the act of one who dives, literally or figuratively.

2. A place of low resort. [Slang] The music halls and dives in the lower part of the city. J. Hawthorne.

DIVEDAPPER Dive"dap`per, n. Etym: [See Dive, Didapper.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A water fowl; the didapper. See Dabchick.

DIVEL Di*vel", v. t. Etym: [L. divellere; dit- = dis- + vellere to pluck.]

Defn: To rend apart. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

DIVELLENT Di*vel"lent, a. Etym: [L. divellens, p. pr.]

Defn: Drawing asunder. [R.]

DIVELLICATE Di*vel"li*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. di- = vellicatus, p. p. of vellicare to pluck, fr. vellere to pull.]

Defn: To pull in pieces. [Obs. or R.]

DIVER Div"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, dives. Divers and fishers for pearls. Woodward.

2. Fig.: One who goes deeply into a subject, study, or business. "A diver into causes." Sir H. Wotton.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bird of certain genera, as Urinator (formerly Colymbus), or the allied genus Colymbus, or Podiceps, remarkable for their agility in diving.

Note: The northern diver (Urinator imber) is the loon; the black diver or velvet scoter (Oidemia fusca) is a sea duck. See Loon, and Scoter.

DIVERB Di"verb, n. Etym: [L. diverbium the colloquial part of a comedy, dialogue; di- = dis- + verbum word.]

Defn: A saying in which two members of the sentence are contrasted; an antithetical proverb. [Obs.] Italy, a paradise for horses, a hell for women, as the diverb goes. Burton.

DIVERBERATE Di*ver"ber*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. diverberatus, p. p. of diverberare to strike asunder; di- = dis- + verberare. See Verberate.]

Defn: To strike or sound through. [R.] Davies (Holy Roode).

DIVERBERATION Di*ver`ber*a"tion, n.

Defn: A sounding through.

DIVERGE Di*verge", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Diverged; p. pr. & vb. n. Diverging.] Etym: [L. di- = dis- + vergere to bend, incline. See Verge.]

1. To extend from a common point in different directions; to tend from one point and recede from each other; to tend to spread apart; to turn aside or deviate (as from a given direction); -- opposed to converge; as, rays of light diverge as they proceed from the sun.

2. To differ from a typical form; to vary from a normal condition; to dissent from a creed or position generally held or taken.

DIVERGEMENT Di*verge"ment, n.

Defn: Divergence.

DIVERGENCE; DIVERGENCY Di*ver"gence, Di*ver"gen*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. divergence.]

1. A receding from each other in moving from a common center; the state of being divergent; as, an angle is made by the divergence of straight lines. Rays come to the eye in a state of divergency.

2. Disagreement; difference. Related with some divergence by other writers. Sir G. C. Lewis.

DIVERGENT Di*ver"gent, a. Etym: [Cf. F. divergent. See Diverge.]

1. Receding farther and farther from each other, as lines radiating from one point; deviating gradually from a given direction; -- opposed to convergent.

2. (Optics)

Defn: Causing divergence of rays; as, a divergent lens.

3. Fig.: Disagreeing from something given; differing; as, a divergent statement. Divergent series. (Math.) See Diverging series, under Diverging.

DIVERGING Di*ver"ging, a.

Defn: Tending in different directions from a common center; spreading apart; divergent. Diverging series (Math.), a series whose terms are larger as the series is extended; a series the sum of whose terms does not approach a finite limit when the series is extended indefinitely; -- opposed to a converging series.

DIVERGINGLY Di*ver"ging*ly, adv.

Defn: In a diverging manner.

DIVERS Di"vers, a. Etym: [F. divers, L. diversus turned in different directions, different, p. p. of divertere. See Divert, and cf. Diverse.]

1. Different in kind or species; diverse. [Obs.] Every sect of them hath a divers posture. Bacon. Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds. Deut. xxii. 9.

2. Several; sundry; various; more than one, but not a great number; as, divers philosophers. Also used substantively or pronominally. Divers of Antonio's creditors. Shak.

Note: Divers is now limited to the plural; as, divers ways (not divers way). Besides plurality it ordinarily implies variety of kind.

DIVERSE Di"verse, a. Etym: [The same word as divers. See Divers.]

1. Different; unlike; dissimilar; distinct; separate. The word . . . is used in a sense very diverse from its original import. J. Edwards. Our roads are diverse: farewell, love! said she. R. Browning.

2. Capable of various forms; multiform. Eloquence is a great and diverse thing. B. Jonson.

DIVERSE Di*verse", adv.

Defn: In different directions; diversely.

DIVERSE Di*verse", v. i.

Defn: To turn aside. [Obs.] The redcross knight diverst, but forth rode Britomart. Spenser.

DIVERSELY Di"verse*ly, adv.

1. In different ways; differently; variously. "Diversely interpreted." Bacon. How diversely love doth his pageants play. Spenser.

2. In different directions; to different points. On life's vast ocean diversely we sail. Pope.

DIVERSENESS Di*verse"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being diverse.

DIVERSIFIABILITY Di*ver`si*fi`a*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The quality or capacity of being diversifiable. Earle.

DIVERSIFIABLE Di*ver"si*fi`a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being diversified or varied. Boyle.

DIVERSIFICATION Di*ver`si*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [See Diversify.]

1. The act of making various, or of changing form or quality. Boyle.

2. State of diversity or variation; variegation; modification; change; alternation. Infinite diversifications of tints may be produced. Adventurer.

DIVERSIFIED Di*ver"si*fied, a.

Defn: Distinguished by various forms, or by a variety of aspects or objects; variegated; as, diversified scenery or landscape.

DIVERSIFIER Di*ver"si*fi`er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, diversifies.

DIVERSIFORM Di*ver"si*form, a. Etym: [L. diversus diverse + -form.]

Defn: Of a different form; of varied forms.

DIVERSIFY Di*ver"si*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diversified; p. pr. & vb. n. Diversifying.] Etym: [F. diversifier, LL. diversificare, fr. L. diversus diverse + ficare (in comp.), akin to facere to make. See Diverse.]

Defn: To make diverse or various in form or quality; to give variety to; to variegate; to distinguish by numerous differences or aspects. Separated and diversified on from another. Locke. Its seven colors, that diversify all the face of nature. I. Taylor.

DIVERSILOQUENT Di`ver*sil"o*quent, a. Etym: [L. diversus diverse + loquens, p. pr. of loqui to speak.]

Defn: Speaking in different ways. [R.]

DIVERSION Di*ver"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. diversion. See Divert.]

1. The act of turning aside from any course, occupation, or object; as, the diversion of a stream from its channel; diversion of the mind from business.

2. That which diverts; that which turns or draws the mind from care or study, and thus relaxes and amuses; sport; play; pastime; as, the diversions of youth. "Public diversions." V. Knox. Such productions of wit and humor as expose vice and folly, furnish useful diversion to readers. Addison.

3. (Mil.)

Defn: The act of drawing the attention and force of an enemy from the point where the principal attack is to be made; the attack, alarm, or feint which diverts.

Syn. -- Amusement; entertainment; pastime; recreation; sport; game; play; solace; merriment.

DIVERSITY Di*ver"si*ty, n.; pl. Diversities. Etym: [F. diversité, L. diversitas, fr. diversus. See Diverse.]

1. A state of difference; dissimilitude; unlikeness. They will prove opposite; and not resting in a bare diversity, rise into a contrariety. South.

2. Multiplicity of difference; multiformity; variety. "Diversity of sounds." Shak. "Diversities of opinion." Secker.

3. Variegation. "Bright diversities of day." Pope.

Syn. -- See Variety.

DIVERSIVOLENT Di`ver*siv"o*lent, a. Etym: [L. diversus diverse + volens, -entis, p. pr. of velle to wish.]

Defn: Desiring different things. [Obs.] Webster (White Devil).

DIVERSORY Di*ver"so*ry, a.

Defn: Serving or tending to divert; also, distinguishing. [Obs.]

DIVERSORY Di*ver"so*ry, n. Etym: [L. diversorium, deversorium, an inn or lodging.]

Defn: A wayside inn. [Obs. or R.] Chapman.

DIVERT Di*vert", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Diverted; p. pr. & vb. n. Diverting.] Etym: [F. divertir, fr. L. divertere, diversum, to go different ways, turn aside; di- = dis- + vertere to turn. See Verse, and cf. Divorce.]

1. To turn aside; to turn off from any course or intended application; to deflect; as, to divert a river from its channel; to divert commerce from its usual course. That crude apple that diverted Eve. Milton.

2. To turn away from any occupation, business, or study; to cause to have lively and agreeable sensations; to amuse; to entertain; as, children are diverted with sports; men are diverted with works of wit and humor. We are amused by a tale, diverted by a comedy. C. J. Smith.

Syn. -- To please; gratify; amuse; entertain; exhilarate; delight; recreate. See Amuse.

DIVERT Di*vert", v. i.

Defn: To turn aside; to digress. [Obs.] I diverted to see one of the prince's palaces. Evelyn.

DIVERTER Di*vert"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, diverts, turns off, or pleases.

DIVERTIBLE Di*vert"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being diverted.

DIVERTICLE Di*ver"ti*cle, n. Etym: [L. diverticulum, deverticulum, a bypath, fr. divertere to turn away.]

1. A turning; a byway; a bypath. [Obs.] Hales.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: A diverticulum.

DIVERTICULAR Div`er*tic"u*lar, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to a diverticulum.

DIVERTICULUM Div`er*tic"u*lum, n.; pl. Diverticula. Etym: [L. See Diverticle.] (Anat.)

Defn: A blind tube branching out of a longer one.

DIVERTIMENTO Di*ver`ti*men"to, n.; pl. -ti. Etym: [It.] (Mus.

Defn: ) A light and pleasing composition.

DIVERTING Di*vert"ing, a.

Defn: Amusing; entertaining. -- Di*vert"ing*ly, adv. -- Di*vert"ing*ness, n.

DIVERTISE Di*vert"ise, v. t. Etym: [F. divertir, p. pr. divertissant.]

Defn: To divert; to entertain. [Obs.] Dryden.

DIVERTISEMENT Di*vert"ise*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. the next word.]

Defn: Diversion; amusement; recreation. [R.]

DIVERTISSEMENT Di`ver`tisse`ment", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A short ballet, or other entertainment, between the acts of a play. Smart.

DIVERTIVE Di*vert"ive, a. Etym: [From Divert.]

Defn: Tending to divert; diverting; amusing; interesting. Things of a pleasant and divertive nature. Rogers.

DIVES Di"ves, n. Etym: [L., rich.]

Defn: The name popularly given to the rich man in our Lord's parable of the "Rich Man and Lazarus" (Luke xvi. 19-31). Hence, a name for a rich worldling.

DIVEST Di*vest", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Divested; p. pr. & vb. n. Divesting.] Etym: [LL. divestire (di- = dis- + L. vestire to dress), equiv. to L. devestire. It is the same word as devest, but the latter is rarely used except as a technical term in law. See Devest, Vest.]

1. To unclothe; to strip, as of clothes, arms, or equipage; -- opposed to invest.

2. Fig.: To strip; to deprive; to dispossess; as, to divest one of his rights or privileges; to divest one's self of prejudices, passions, etc. Wretches divested of every moral feeling. Goldsmith. The tendency of the language to divest itself of its gutturals. Earle.

3. (Law)

Defn: See Devest. Mozley & W.

DIVESTIBLE Di*vest"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being divested.

DIVESTITURE Di*vest"i*ture, n.

Defn: The act of stripping, or depriving; the state of being divested; the deprivation, or surrender, of possession of property, rights, etc.

DIVESTMENT Di*vest"ment, n.

Defn: The act of divesting. [R.]

DIVESTURE Di*ves"ture, n.

Defn: Divestiture. [Obs.]

DIVET Div"et, n.

Defn: See Divot.

DIVIDABLE Di*vid"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Divide.]

1. Capable of being divided; divisible.

2. Divided; separated; parted. [Obs.] Shak.

DIVIDANT Di*vid"ant, a.

Defn: Different; distinct. [Obs.] Shak.

DIVIDE Di*vide", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Divided; p. pr. & vb. n. Dividing.] Etym: [L. dividere, divisum; di- = dis- + root signifying to part; cf. Skr. vyadh to pierce; perh. akin to L. vidua widow, and E. widow. Cf. Device, Devise.]

1. To part asunder (a whole); to sever into two or more parts or pieces; to sunder; to separate into parts. Divide the living child in two. 1 Kings iii. 25.

2. To cause to be separate; to keep apart by a partition, or by an imaginary line or limit; as, a wall divides two houses; a stream divides the towns. Let it divide the waters from the waters. Gen. i. 6.

3. To make partition of among a number; to apportion, as profits of stock among proprietors; to give in shares; to distribute; to mete out; to share. True justice unto people to divide. Spenser. Ye shall divide the land by lot. Num. xxxiii. 54.

4. To disunite in opinion or interest; to make discordant or hostile; to set at variance. If a kingdom be divided against itself, that kingdom can not stand. Mark iii. 24. Every family became now divided within itself. Prescott.

5. To separate into two parts, in order to ascertain the votes for and against a measure; as, to divide a legislative house upon a question.

6. (Math.)

Defn: To subject to arithmetical division.

7. (Logic)

Defn: To separate into species; -- said of a genus or generic term.

8. (Mech.)

Defn: To mark divisions on; to graduate; as, to divide a sextant.

9. (Music)

Defn: To play or sing in a florid style, or with variations. [Obs.] Spenser.

Syn. -- To sever; dissever; sunder; cleave; disjoin; disunite; detach; disconnect; part; distribute; share.

DIVIDE Di*vide", v. i.

1. To be separated; to part; to open; to go asunder. Milton. The Indo-Germanic family divides into three groups. J. Peile.

2. To cause separation; to disunite. A gulf, a strait, the sea intervening between islands, divide less than the matted forest. Bancroft.

3. To break friendship; to fall out. Shak.

4. To have a share; to partake. Shak.

5. To vote, as in the British Parliament, by the members separating themselves into two parties (as on opposite sides of the hall or in opposite lobbies), that is, the ayes dividing from the noes. The emperors sat, voted, and divided with their equals. Gibbon.

DIVIDE Di*vide", n.

Defn: A dividing ridge of land between the tributaries of two streams; a watershed.

DIVIDED Di*vid"ed, a.

1. Parted; disunited; distributed.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Cut into distinct parts, by incisions which reach the midrib; - - said of a leaf.

DIVIDEDLY Di*vid"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: Separately; in a divided manner.

DIVIDEND Div"i*dend, n. Etym: [L. dividendum thing to be divided, neut. of the gerundive of dividere: cf. F. dividende.]

1. A sum of money to be divided and distributed; the share of a sum divided that falls to each individual; a distribute sum, share, or percentage; -- applied to the profits as appropriated among shareholders, and to assets as apportioned among creditors; as, the dividend of a bank, a railway corporation, or a bankrupt estate.

2. (Math.)

Defn: A number or quantity which is to be divided.

DIVIDENT Div"i*dent, n.

Defn: Dividend; share. [Obs.] Foxe.

DIVIDER Di*vid"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, divides; that which separates anything into parts.

2. One who deals out to each his share. Who made me a judge or a divider over you Luke xii. 14.

3. One who, or that which, causes division. Hate is of all things the mightiest divider. Milton. Money, the great divider of the world. Swift.

4. pl.

Defn: An instrument for dividing lines, describing circles, etc., compasses. See Compasses.

Note: The word dividers is usually applied to the instrument as made for the use of draughtsmen, etc.; compasses to the coarser instrument used by carpenters.

DIVIDING Di*vid"ing, a.

Defn: That divides; separating; marking divisions; graduating. Dividing engine, a machine for graduating circles (as for astronomical instruments) or bars (as for scales); also, for spacing off and cutting teeth in wheels. -- Dividing sinker. (Knitting Mach.). See under Sinker.

DIVIDINGLY Di*vid"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By division.

DIVI-DIVI Di"vi-di"vi, n. Etym: [Native name.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small tree of tropical America (Cæsalpinia coriaria), whose legumes contain a large proportion of tannic and gallic acid, and are used by tanners and dyers.

DIVIDUAL Di*vid"u*al, a. Etym: [See Dividuous.]

Defn: Divided, shared, or participated in, in common with others. [R.] Milton.

DIVIDUALLY Di*vid"u*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By dividing. [R.]

DIVIDUOUS Di*vid"u*ous, a. Etym: [L. dividuus divisible, divided, fr. dividere.]

Defn: Divided; dividual. [R.] He so often substantiates distinctions into dividuous, selfsubsistent. Coleridge.

DIVINATION Div`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. divinatio, fr. divinare, divinatum, to foresee, foretell, fr. divinus: cf. F. divination. See Divine.]

1. The act of divining; a foreseeing or foretelling of future events; the pretended art discovering secret or future by preternatural means. There shall not be found among you any one that . . . useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter. Deut. xviii. 10.

Note: Among the ancient heathen philosophers natural divination was supposed to be effected by a divine afflatus; artificial divination by certain rites, omens, or appearances, as the flight of birds, entrails of animals, etc.

2. An indication of what is future or secret; augury omen; conjectural presage; prediction. Birds which do give a happy divination of things to come. Sir T. North.

DIVINATOR Div"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [L. See Divination.]

Defn: One who practices or pretends to divination; a diviner. [R.] Burton.

DIVINATORY Di*vin"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [Cf. F. divinatoire.]

Defn: Professing, or relating to, divination. "A natural divinatory instinct." Cowley.

DIVINE Di*vine", a. Etym: [Compar. Diviner (; superl. Divinest.] Etym: [F. divin, L. divinus divine, divinely inspired, fr. divus, dius, belonging to a deity; akin to Gr. deus, God. See Deity.]

1. Of or belonging to God; as, divine perfections; the divine will. "The immensity of the divine nature." Paley.

2. Proceeding from God; as, divine judgments. "Divine protection." Bacon.

3. Appropriated to God, or celebrating his praise; religious; pious; holy; as, divine service; divine songs; divine worship.

4. Pertaining to, or proceeding from, a deity; partaking of the nature of a god or the gods. "The divine Apollo said." Shak.

5. Godlike; heavenly; excellent in the highest degree; supremely admirable; apparently above what is human. In this application, the word admits of comparison; as, the divinest mind. Sir J. Davies. "The divine Desdemona." Shak. A divine sentence is in the lips of the king. Prov. xvi. 10. But not to one in this benighted age Is that diviner inspiration given. Gray.

6. Presageful; foreboding; prescient. [Obs.] Yet oft his heart, divine of something ill, Misgave him. Milton.

7. Relating to divinity or theology. Church history and other divine learning. South.

Syn. -- Supernatural; superhuman; godlike; heavenly; celestial; pious; holy; sacred; preëminent.

DIVINE Di*vine", n. Etym: [L. divinus a soothsayer, LL., a theologian. See Divine, a.]

1. One skilled in divinity; a theologian. "Poets were the first divines." Denham.

2. A minister of the gospel; a priest; a clergyman. The first divines of New England were surpassed by none in extensive erudition. J. Woodbridge.

DIVINE Di*vine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Divined; p. pr. & vb. n. Divining.] Etym: [L. divinare: cf. F. deviner. See Divination.]

1. To foresee or foreknow; to detect; to anticipate; to conjecture. A sagacity which divined the evil designs. Bancroft.

2. To foretell; to predict; to presage. Darest thou . . . divine his downfall Shak.

3. To render divine; to deify. [Obs.] Living on earth like angel new divined. Spenser.

Syn. -- To foretell; predict; presage; prophesy; prognosticate; forebode; guess; conjecture; surmise.

DIVINE Di*vine", v. i.

1. To use or practice divination; to foretell by divination; to utter prognostications. The prophets thereof divine for money. Micah iii. 11.

2. To have or feel a presage or foreboding. Suggest but truth to my divining thoughts. Shak.

3. To conjecture or guess; as, to divine rightly.

DIVINELY Di*vine"ly, adv.

1. In a divine or godlike manner; holily; admirably or excellently in a supreme degree. Most divinely fair. Tennyson.

2. By the agency or influence of God. Divinely set apart . . . to be a preacher of righteousness. Macaulay.

DIVINEMENT Di*vine"ment, n.

Defn: Divination. [Obs.]

DIVINENESS Di*vine"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being divine; superhuman or supreme excellence. Shak.

DIVINER Di*vin"er, n.

1. One who professes divination; one who pretends to predict events, or to reveal occult things, by supernatural means. The diviners have seen a lie, and have told false dreams; they comfort in vain. Zech. x. 2.

2. A conjecture; a guesser; one who makes out occult things. Locke.

DIVINERESS Di*vin"er*ess, n.

Defn: A woman who divines. Dryden.

DIVING Div"ing, a.

Defn: That dives or is used or diving. Diving beetle (Zoöl.), any beetle of the family Dytiscidæ, which habitually lives under water; - - called also water tiger. -- Diving bell, a hollow inverted vessel, sometimes bell-shaped, in which men may descend and work under water, respiration being sustained by the compressed air at the top, by fresh air pumped in through a tube from above. -- Diving dress. See Submarine armor, under Submarine. -- Diving stone, a kind of jasper.

DIVINIFY Di*vin"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [L. divinus divine + -fy.]

Defn: To render divine; to deify. [Obs.] "Blessed and divinified soul." Parth. Sacra (1633).

DIVINING Di*vin"ing, a.

Defn: That divines; for divining. Divining rod, a rod, commonly of witch hazel, with forked branches, used by those who pretend to discover water or metals under ground.

DIVININGLY Di*vin"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a divining manner.

DIVINISTRE Div`i*nis"tre, n.

Defn: A diviner. [Obs.] " I am no divinistre." Chaucer.

DIVINITY Di*vin"i*ty, n.; pl. Divinities. Etym: [F. divinité, L. divinitas. See Divine, a.]

1. The state of being divine; the nature or essence of God; deity; godhead. When he attributes divinity to other things than God, it is only a divinity by way of participation. Bp. Stillingfleet.

2. The Deity; the Supreme Being; God. This the divinity that within us. Addison.

3. A pretended deity of pagans; a false god. Beastly divinities, and droves of gods. Prior.

4. A celestial being, inferior to the supreme God, but superior to man. God . . . employing these subservient divinities. Cheyne.

5. Something divine or superhuman; supernatural power or virtue; something which inspires awe. They say there is divinity in odd numbers. Shak. There's such divinity doth hedge a king. Shak.

6. The science of divine things; the science which treats of God, his laws and moral government, and the way of salvation; theology. Divinity is essentially the first of the professions. Coleridge. , casuistry.

DIVINITY CALF Di*vin"i*ty calf`. (Bookbinding)

Defn: Calf stained dark brown and worked without gilding, often used for theological books.

DIVINIZATION Div`i*ni*za"tion, n.

Defn: A making divine. M. Arnold.

DIVINIZE Div"i*nize, v. t.

Defn: To invest with a divine character; to deify. [R.] M. Arnold. Man had divinized all those objects of awe. Milman.

DIVISIBILITY Di*vis`i*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. divisibilité.]

Defn: The quality of being divisible; the property of bodies by which their parts are capable of separation. Divisibility . . . is a primary attribute of matter. Sir W. Hamilton.

DIVISIBLE Di*vis"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. divisibilis, fr. dividere: cf. F. divisible. See Divide.]

Defn: Capable of being divided or separated. Extended substance . . . is divisible into parts. Sir W. Hamilton. Divisible contract (Law), a contract containing agreements one of which can be separated from the other. -- Divisible offense (Law), an offense containing a lesser offense in one of a greater grade, so that on the latter there can be an acquittal, while on the former there can be a conviction. -- Di*vis"i*ble*ness, n. -- Di*vis"i*bly, adv.

DIVISIBLE Di*vis"i*ble, n.

Defn: A divisible substance. Glanvill.

DIVISION Di*vi"sion, n. Etym: [F. division, L. divisio, from dividere. See Divide.]

1. The act or process of diving anything into parts, or the state of being so divided; separation. I was overlooked in the division of the spoil. Gibbon.

2. That which divides or keeps apart; a partition.

3. The portion separated by the divining of a mass or body; a distinct segment or section. Communities and divisions of men. Addison.

4. Disunion; difference in opinion or feeling; discord; variance; alienation. There was a division among the people. John vii. 43.

5. Difference of condition; state of distinction; distinction; contrast. Chaucer. I will put a division between my people and thy people. Ex. viii. 23.

6. Separation of the members of a deliberative body, esp. of the Houses of Parliament, to ascertain the vote. The motion passed without a division. Macaulay.

7. (Math.)

Defn: The process of finding how many times one number or quantity is contained in another; the reverse of multiplication; also, the rule by which the operation is performed.

8. (Logic)

Defn: The separation of a genus into its constituent species.

9. (Mil.) (a) Two or more brigades under the command of a general officer. (b) Two companies of infantry maneuvering as one subdivision of a battalion. (c) One of the larger districts into which a country is divided for administering military affairs.

10. (Naut.)

Defn: One of the groups into which a fleet is divided.

11. (Mus.)

Defn: A course of notes so running into each other as to form one series or chain, to be sung in one breath to one syllable.

12. (Rhet.)

Defn: The distribution of a discourse into parts; a part so distinguished.

13. (Biol.)

Defn: A grade or rank in classification; a portion of a tribe or of a class; or, in some recent authorities, equivalent to a subkingdom. Cell division (Biol.), a method of cell increase, in which new cells are formed by the division of the parent cell. In this process, the cell nucleus undergoes peculiar differentiations and changes, as shown in the figure (see also Karyokinesis). At the same time the protoplasm of the cell becomes gradually constricted by a furrow transverse to the long axis of the nuclear spindle, followed, on the completion of the division of the nucleus, by a separation of the cell contents into two masses, called the daughter cells. -- Long division (Math.), the process of division when the operations are mostly written down. -- Short division (Math.), the process of division when the operations are mentally performed and only the results written down; -- used principally when the divisor is not greater than ten or twelve.

Syn. -- compartment; section; share; allotment; distribution; separation;

## partition; disjunction; disconnection; difference; variance; discord;

disunion.

DIVISIONAL Di*vi"sion*al, a.

Defn: That divides; pas, a divisional line; a divisional general; a divisional surgeon of police. Divisional planes (Geol.), planes of separation between rock masses. They include joints.

DIVISIONALLY Di*vi"sion*al*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to be divisional.

DIVISIONARY Di*vi"sion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Divisional.

DIVISIONOR Di*vi"sion*or, n.

Defn: One who divides or makes division. [Obs.] Sheldon.

DIVISIVE Di*vi"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. divisif.]

1. Indicating division or distribution. Mede.

2. Creating, or tending to create, division, separation, or difference. It [culture] is after all a dainty and divisive quality, and can not reach to the depths of humanity. J. C. Shairp. -- Di*vi"sive*ly, adv. -- Di*vi"sive*ness, n. Carlyle.

DIVISOR Di*vi"sor, n. Etym: [L., fr. dividere. See Divide.] (Math.)

Defn: The number by which the dividend is divided. Common divisor. (Math.) See under Common, a.

DIVORCE Di*vorce", n. Etym: [F. divorce, L. divortium, fr. divortere, divertere, to turn different ways, to separate. See Divert.]

1. (Law) (a) A legal dissolution of the marriage contract by a court or other body having competent authority. This is properly a divorce, and called, technically, divorce a vinculo matrimonii. "from the bond of matrimony." (b) The separation of a married woman from the bed and board of her husband -- divorce a mensa et toro (or thoro), "from bed board."

2. The decree or writing by which marriage is dissolved.

3. Separation; disunion of things closely united. To make divorce of their incorporate league. Shak.

4. That which separates. [Obs.] Shak. Bill of divorce. See under Bill.

DIVORCE Di*vorce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Divorced; p. pr. & vb. n. Divorcing.] Etym: [Cf. F. divorcer. See Divorce, n.]

1. To dissolve the marriage contract of, either wholly or partially; to separate by divorce.

2. To separate or disunite; to sunder. It [a word] was divorced from its old sense. Earle.

3. To make away; to put away. Nothing but death Shall e'er divorce my dignities. Shak.

DIVORCEABLE Di*vorce"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being divorced.

DIVORCEE Di*vor`cee", n.

Defn: A person divorced.

DIVORCELESS Di*vorce"less, a.

Defn: Incapable of being divorced or separated; free from divorce.

DIVORCEMENT Di*vorce"ment, n.

Defn: Dissolution of the marriage tie; divorce; separation. Let him write her a divorcement. Deut. xxiv. 1. The divorcement of our written from our spoken language. R. Morris.

DIVORCER Di*vor"cer, n.

Defn: The person or cause that produces or effects a divorce. Drummond.

DIVORCIBLE Di*vor"ci*ble, a.

Defn: Divorceable. Milton.

DIVORCIVE Di*vor"cive, a.

Defn: Having power to divorce; tending to divorce. "This divorcive law." Milton.

DIVOT Div"ot, n.

Defn: A thin, oblong turf used for covering cottages, and also for fuel. [Scot.] Simmonds.

DIVULGATE Di*vul"gate, a. Etym: [L. divulgatus, p. p. of divulgare. See Divulge.]

Defn: Published. [Obs.] Bale.

DIVULGATE Di*vul"gate, v. t.

Defn: To divulge. [Obs.] Foxe.

DIVULGATER Div"ul*ga`ter, n.

Defn: A divulger. [R.]

DIVULGATION Div`ul*ga"tion, n. Etym: [L. divulgatio: cf. F. divulgation.]

Defn: The act of divulging or publishing. [R.] Secrecy hath no use than divulgation. Bp. Hall.

DIVULGE Di*vulge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Divulged; p. pr. & vb. n. Divulging.] Etym: [F. divulguer, L. divulgare; di- = dis- + vulgare to spread among the people, from vulgus the common people. See Vulgar.]

1. To make public; to several or communicate to the public; to tell (a secret) so that it may become generally known; to disclose; -- said of that which had been confided as a secret, or had been before unknown; as, to divulge a secret. Divulge not such a love as mine. Cowper.

2. To indicate publicly; to proclaim. [R.] God . . . marks The just man, and divulges him through heaven. Milton.

3. To impart; to communicate. Which would not be To them [animals] made common and divulged. Milton.

Syn. -- To publish; disclose; discover; uncover; reveal; communicate; impart; tell.

DIVULGE Di*vulge", v. i.

Defn: To become publicly known. [R.] "To keep it from divulging." Shak.

DIVULSIVE Di*vul"sive, a.

Defn: Tending to pull asunder, tear, or rend; distracting.

DIXIE Dix"ie, n.

Defn: A colloquial name for the Southern portion of the United States, esp. during the Civil War. [U.S.]

DIZEN Diz"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dizened; p. pr. & vb. n. Dizening.] Etym: [Perh. orig., to dress in a foolish manner, and allied to dizzy: but cf. also OE. dysyn (Palsgrave) to put tow or flax on a distaff, i. e., to dress it. Cf. Distaff.]

1. To dress; to attire. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

2. To dress gaudily; to overdress; to bedizen; to deck out. Like a tragedy queen, he has dizened her out. Goldsmith. To-morrow when the masks shall fall That dizen Nature's carnival. Emerson.

DIZZ Dizz, v. t. Etym: [See Dizzy.]

Defn: To make dizzy; to astonish; to puzzle. [Obs.] Gayton.

DIZZARD Diz"zard, n. Etym: [See Dizzy, and cf. Disard.]

Defn: A blockhead. [Obs.] [Written also dizard, and disard.] -- Diz"zard*ly, adv. [Obs.]

DIZZILY Diz"zi*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dizzy manner or state.

DIZZINESS Diz"zi*ness, n. Etym: [AS. dysigness folly. See Dizzy.]

Defn: Giddiness; a whirling sensation in the head; vertigo.

DIZZY Diz"zy, a. [Compar. Dizzier; superl. Dizziest.] Etym: [OE. dusi, disi, desi, foolish, AS. dysig; akin to LG. düsig dizzy, OD. deuzig, duyzig, OHG. tusig foolish, OFries. dusia to be dizzy; LG. dusel dizziness, duselig, dusselig, D. duizelig, dizzy, Dan. dösig drowsy, slepy, döse to make dull, drowsy, dös dullness, drowsiness, and to AS. dw foolish, G. thor fool. Daze, Doze.]

1. Having in the head a sensation of whirling, with a tendency to fall; vertiginous; giddy; hence, confused; indistinct. Alas! his brain was dizzy. Drayton.

2. Causing, or tending to cause, giddiness or vertigo. To climb from the brink of Fleet Ditch by a dizzy ladder. Macaulay.

3. Without distinct thought; unreflecting; thoughtless; heedless. "The dizzy multitude." Milton.

DIZZY Diz"zy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dizzied; p. pr. & vb. n. Dizzying.]

Defn: To make dizzy or giddy; to give the vertigo to; to confuse. If the jangling of thy bells had not dizzied thy understanding. Sir W. Scott.

DJEREED; DJERRID Djer*eed" or Djer*rid" (, n. Etym: [F. djerid, fr. Ar. See Jereed.] (a) A blunt javelin used in military games in Moslem countries. (b) A game played with it. [Written also jereed, jerrid, etc.]

DJINNEE Djin"nee, n.; pl. Jjinn ( or Djinns (.

Defn: See Jinnee, Jinn.

DO. Do. (, n.

Defn: An abbreviation of Ditto.

DO Do, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A syllable attached to the first tone of the major diatonic scale for the purpose of solmization, or solfeggio. It is the first of the seven syllables used by the Italians as manes of musical tones, and replaced, for the sake of euphony, the syllable Ut, applied to the note C. In England and America the same syllables are used by mane as a scale pattern, while the tones in respect to absolute pitch are named from the first seven letters of the alphabet.

DO Do, v. t. or auxiliary. [imp. Din; p. p. Done; p. pr. & vb. n. Doing. This verb, when transitive, is formed in the indicative, present tense, thus: I do, thou doest (dost , he does (doeth (doth (dost. As an independent verb, dost is obsolete or rare, except in poetry. "What dost thou in this world" Milton. The form doeth is a verb unlimited, doth, formerly so used, now being the auxiliary form. The second pers, sing., imperfect tense, is didst (didest ( Etym: [AS. d; akin to D. doen, OS. duan, OHG. tuon, G. thun, Lith. deti, OSlav. d, OIr. dénim I do, Gr. dha, and to E. suffix -dom, and prob. to L. facere to do, E. fact, and perh. to L. -dere in some compounfds, as addere to add, credere to trust. Deed, Deem, Doom, Fact, Creed, Theme.]

1. To place; to put. [Obs.] Tale of a Usurer (about 1330).

2. To cause; to make; -- with an infinitive. [Obs.] My lord Abbot of Westminster did do shewe to me late certain evidences. W. Caxton. I shall . . . your cloister do make. Piers Plowman. A fatal plague which many did to die. Spenser. We do you to wit [i. e., We make you to know] of the grace of God bestowed on the churches of Macedonia. 2 Cor. viii. 1.

Note: We have lost the idiom shown by the citations (do used like the French faire or laisser), in which the verb in the infinitive apparently, but not really, has a passive signification, i. e., cause . . . to be made.

3. To bring about; to produce, as an effect or result; to effect; to achieve. The neglecting it may do much danger. Shak. He waved indifferently' twixt doing them neither good not harm. Shak.

4. To perform, as an action; to execute; to transact to carry out in

## action; as, to do a good or a bad act; do our duty; to do what I can.

Six days shalt thou labor and do all thy work. Ex. xx. 9. We did not do these things. Ld. Lytton. You can not do wrong without suffering wrong. Emerson. Hence: To do homage, honor, favor, justice, etc., to render homage, honor, etc.

5. To bring to an end by action; to perform completely; to finish; to accomplish; -- a sense conveyed by the construction, which is that of the past participle done. "Ere summer half be done." "I have done weeping." Shak.

6. To make ready for an object, purpose, or use, as food by cooking; to cook completely or sufficiently; as, the meat is done on one side only.

7. To put or bring into a form, state, or condition, especially in the phrases, to do death, to put to death; to slay; to do away (often do away with), to put away; to remove; to do on, to put on; to don; to do off, to take off, as dress; to doff; to do into, to put into the form of; to translate or transform into, as a text. Done to death by slanderous tongues. Shak. The ground of the difficulty is done away. Paley. Suspicions regarding his loyalty were entirely done away. Thackeray. To do on our own harness, that we may not; but we must do on the armor of God. Latimer. Then Jason rose and did on him a fair Blue woolen tunic. W. Morris (Jason). Though the former legal pollution be now done off, yet there is a spiritual contagion in idolatry as much to be shunned. Milton. It ["Pilgrim's Progress"] has been done into verse: it has been done into modern English. Macaulay.

8. To cheat; to gull; to overreach. [Colloq.] He was not be done, at his time of life, by frivolous offers of a compromise that might have secured him seventy-five per cent. De Quincey.

9. To see or inspect; to explore; as, to do all the points of interest. [Colloq.]

10. (Stock Exchange)

Defn: To cash or to advance money for, as a bill or note.

Note: (a) Do and did are much employed as auxiliaries, the verb to which they are joined being an infinitive. As an auxiliary the verb do has no participle. "I do set my bow in the cloud." Gen. ix. 13. [Now archaic or rare except for emphatic assertion.] Rarely . . . did the wrongs of individuals to the knowledge of the public. Macaulay. (b) They are often used in emphatic construction. "You don't say so, Mr. Jobson. -- but I do say so." Sir W. Scott. "I did love him, but scorn him now." Latham. (c) In negative and interrogative constructions, do and did are in common use. I do not wish to see them; what do you think Did Cæsar cross the Tiber He did not. "Do you love me" Shak. (d) Do, as an auxiliary, is supposed to have been first used before imperatives. It expresses entreaty or earnest request; as, do help me. In the imperative mood, but not in the indicative, it may be used with the verb to be; as, do be quiet. Do, did, and done often stand as a general substitute or representative verb, and thus save the repetition of the principal verb. "To live and die is all we have to do." Denham. In the case of do and did as auxiliaries, the sense may be completed by the infinitive (without to) of the verb represented. "When beauty lived and died as flowers do now." Shak. "I . . . chose my wife as she did her wedding gown." Goldsmith. My brightest hopes giving dark fears a being. As the light does the shadow. Longfellow. In unemphatic affirmative sentences do is, for the most part, archaic or poetical; as, "This just reproach their virtue does excite." Dryden. To do one's best, To do one's diligence (and the like), to exert one's self; to put forth one's best or most or most diligent efforts. "We will . . . do our best to gain their assent." Jowett (Thucyd.). -- To do one's business, to ruin one. [Colloq.] Wycherley. -- To do one shame, to cause one shame. [Obs.] -- To do over. (a) To make over; to perform a second time. (b) To cover; to spread; to smear. "Boats . . . sewed together and done over with a kind of slimy stuff like rosin." De Foe. -- To do to death, to put to death. (See 7.) [Obs.] -- To do up. (a) To put up; to raise. [Obs.] Chaucer. (b) To pack together and envelop; to pack up. (c) To accomplish thoroughly. [Colloq.] (d) To starch and iron. "A rich gown of velvet, and a ruff done up with the famous yellow starch." Hawthorne. -- To do way, to put away; to lay aside. [Obs.] Chaucer. -- To do with, to dispose of; to make use of; to employ; -- usually preceded by what. "Men are many times brought to that extremity, that were it not for God they would not know what to do with themselves." Tillotson. -- To have to do with, to have concern, business or intercourse with; to deal with. When preceded by what, the notion is usually implied that the affair does not concern the person denoted by the subject of have. "Philology has to do with language in its fullest sense." Earle. "What have I to do with you, ye sons of Zeruiah 2 Sam. xvi. 10.

DO Do, v. i.

1. To act or behave in any manner; to conduct one's self. They fear not the Lord, neither do they after . . . the law and commandment. 2 Kings xvii. 34.

2. To fare; to be, as regards health; as, they asked him how he did; how do you do to-day

3. Etym: [Perh. a different word. OE. dugen, dowen, to avail, be of use, AS. dugan. See Doughty.]

Defn: To succeed; to avail; to answer the purpose; to serve; as, if no better plan can be found, he will make this do. You would do well to prefer a bill against all kings and parliaments since the Conquest; and if that won't do; challenge the crown. Collier. To do by. See under By. -- To do for. (a) To answer for; to serve as; to suit. (b) To put an end to; to ruin; to baffle completely; as, a goblet is done for when it is broken. [Colloq.] Some folks are happy and easy in mind when their victim is stabbed and done for. Thackeray. -- To do withal, to help or prevent it. [Obs.] "I could not do withal." Shak. -- To do without, to get along without; to dispense with. -- To have done, to have made an end or conclusion; to have finished; to be quit; to desist. -- To have done with, to have completed; to be through with; to have no further concern with. -- Well to do, in easy circumstances.

DO Do, n.

1. Deed; act; fear. [Obs.] Sir W. Scott.

2. Ado; bustle; stir; to do. [R.] A great deal of do, and a great deal of trouble. Selden.

3. A cheat; a swindle. [Slang, Eng.]

DOAB Do"ab, Etym: [Pers. & Hind. doab, prop., two waters.]

Defn: A tongue or tract of land included between two rivers; as, the doab between the Ganges and the Jumna. [India] Am. Cyc.

DOABLE Do"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being done. Carlyle.

DO-ALL Do"-all`, n.

Defn: General manager; factotum. Under him, Dunstan was the do-all at court, being the king's treasurer, councilor, chancellor, confessor, all things. Fuller.

DOAND Do"and, p. pr.

Defn: Doing. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

DOAT Doat, v. i.

Defn: See Dote.

DOBBER Dob"ber, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dabchick.

2. A float to a fishing line. [Local, U. S.]

DOBBIN Dob"bin, n.

1. An old jaded horse. Shak.

2. Sea gravel mixed with sand. [Prov. Eng.]

DOBBY Dob"by, n. (Weaving)

Defn: An apparatus resembling a Jacquard for weaving small figures (usually about 12 - 16 threads, seldom more than 36 - 40 threads).

DOBCHICK Dob"chick`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dabchick.

DOBELL'S SOLUTION Do*bell's" so*lu"tion. (Med.)

Defn: An aqueous solution of carbolic acid, borax, sodium bicarbonate, and glycerin, used as a spray in diseases of the nose and throat.

DOBSON Dob"son, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The aquatic larva of a large neuropterous insect (Corydalus cornutus), used as bait in angling. See Hellgamite.

DOBULE Dob"ule, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European dace.

DOCENT Do"cent, a. Etym: [L. docens, -entis, p. pr. of docere to teach.]

Defn: Serving to instruct; teaching. [Obs.]

DOCETAE Do*ce"tæ, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: Ancient heretics who held that Christ's body was merely a phantom or appearance.

DOCETIC Do*cet"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, held by, or like, the Docetæ. "Docetic Gnosticism." Plumptre.

DOCETISM Doc"e*tism, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: The doctrine of the Docetæ.

DOCHMIAC Doch"mi*ac, a. (Pros.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, the dochmius.

DOCHMIUS Doch"mi*us, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: A foot of five syllables (usually

DOCIBILITY; DOCIBLENESS Doc`i*bil"i*ty, Doc"i*ble*ness, n. Etym: [L. docibilitas.]

Defn: Aptness for being taught; teachableness; docility. To persons of docibility, the real character may be easily taught in a few days. Boyle. The docibleness of dogs in general. Walton.

DOCIBLE Doc"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. docibilis, fr. docere to teach.]

Defn: Easily taught or managed; teachable. Milton.

DOCILE Doc"ile, a. Etym: [L. docilis,fr. docere to teach; cf. Gr. discere to learn, Gr. docile. Cf. Doctor, Didactic, Disciple.]

1. Teachable; easy to teach; docible. [Obs.]

2. Disposed to be taught; tractable; easily managed; as, a docile child. The elephant is at once docible and docile. C. J. Smith.

DOCILITY Do*cil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. docilitas, fr. docilis: cf. F. docilité.]

1. teachableness; aptness for being taught; docibleness. [Obs. or R.]

2. Willingness to be taught; tractableness. The humble docility of little children is, in the New Testament, represented as a necessary preparative to the reception of the Christian faith. Beattie.

DOCIMACY Doc"i*ma*cy, n. Etym: [Gr. docimasie.]

Defn: The art or practice of applying tests to ascertain the nature, quality, etc., of objects, as of metals or ores, of medicines, or of facts pertaining to physiology.

DOCIMASTIC Doc`i*mas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. docimastique.]

Defn: Proving by experiments or tests. Docimastic art, metallurgy, or the art of assaying metals; the art of separating metals from foreign matters, and determining the nature and quantity of metallic substances contained in any ore or mineral.

DOCIMOLOGY Doc`i*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: A treatise on the art of testing, as in assaying metals, etc.

DOCITY Doc"i*ty, n.

Defn: Teachableness. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U. S.]

DOCK Dock, n. Etym: [AS. docce; of uncertain origin; cf. G. docken- blätter, Gael. dogha burdock, OF. doque; perh. akin to L. daucus, daucum, Gr. Burdock.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of plants (Rumex), some species of which are well-known weeds which have a long taproot and are difficult of extermination.

Note: Yellow dock is Rumex crispus, with smooth curly leaves and yellow root, which that of other species is used medicinally as an astringent and tonic.

DOCK Dock, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. dockr a short tail, Fries. dok a little bundle or bunch, G. docke bundle, skein, a short and thick column.]

1. The solid part of an animal's tail, as distinguished from the hair; the stump of a tail; the part of a tail left after clipping or cutting. Grew.

2. A case of leather to cover the clipped or cut tail of a horse.

DOCK Dock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Docked; p. pr. & vb. n. Docking.] Etym: [See Dock a tail. Cf. W. tociaw, and twciaw, to dock, clip.]

1. to cut off, as the end of a thing; to curtail; to cut short; to clip; as, to dock the tail of a horse. His top was docked like a priest biforn. Chaucer.

2. To cut off a part from; to shorten; to deduct from; to subject to a deduction; as, to dock one's wages.

3. To cut off, bar, or destroy; as, to dock an entail.

DOCK Dock, n. Etym: [Akin to D. dok; of uncertain origin; cf. LL. doga ditch, L. doga ditch, L. doga sort of vessel, Gr.

1. An artificial basin or an inclosure in connection with a harbor or river, -- used for the reception of vessels, and provided with gates for keeping in or shutting out the tide.

2. The slip or water way extending between two piers or projecting wharves, for the reception of ships; -- sometimes including the piers themselves; as, to be down on the dock.

3. The place in court where a criminal or accused person stands. Balance dock, a kind of floating dock which is kept level by pumping water out of, or letting it into, the compartments of side chambers. -- Dry dock, a dock from which the water may be shut or pumped out, especially, one in the form of a chamber having walls and floor, often of masonry and communicating with deep water, but having appliances for excluding it; -- used in constructing or repairing ships. The name includes structures used for the examination, repairing, or building of vessels, as graving docks, floating docks, hydraulic docks, etc. -- Floating dock, a dock which is made to become buoyant, and, by floating, to lift a vessel out of water. -- Graving dock, a dock for holding a ship for graving or cleaning the bottom, etc. -- Hydraulic dock, a dock in which a vessel is raised clear of the water by hydraulic presses. -- Naval dock, a dock connected with which are naval stores, materials, and all conveniences for the construction and repair of ships. -- Sectional dock, a form of floating dock made in separate sections or caissons. -- Slip dock, a dock having a sloping floor that extends from deep water to above high-water mark, and upon which is a railway on which runs a cradle carrying the ship. -- Wet dock, a dock where the water is shut in, and kept at a given level, to facilitate the loading and unloading of ships; -- also sometimes used as a place of safety; a basin.

DOCK Dock, v. t.

Defn: To draw, law, or place (a ship) in a dock, for repairing, cleaning the bottom, etc.

DOCKAGE Dock"age, n.

Defn: A charge for the use of a dock.

DOCK-CRESS Dock"-cress`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Nipplewort.

DOCKET Dock"et, n. Etym: [Dock to cut off + dim. suffix -et.]

1. A small piece of paper or parchment, containing the heads of a writing; a summary or digest.

2. A bill tied to goods, containing some direction, as the name of the owner, or the place to which they are to be sent; a label. Bailey.

3. (Law) (a) An abridged entry of a judgment or proceeding in an action, or register or such entries; a book of original, kept by clerks of courts, containing a formal list of the names of parties, and minutes of the proceedings, in each case in court. (b) (U. S.) A list or calendar of causes ready for hearing or trial, prepared for the use of courts by the clerks.

4. A list or calendar of business matters to be acted on in any assembly. On the docket, in hand; in the plan; under consideration; in process of execution or performance. [Colloq.]

DOCKET Dock"et, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Docketed; p. pr. & vb. n. Docketing.]

1. To make a brief abstract of (a writing) and indorse it on the back of the paper, or to indorse the title or contents on the back of; to summarize; as, to docket letters and papers. Chesterfield.

2. (Law) (a) To make a brief abstract of and inscribe in a book; as, judgments regularly docketed. (b) To enter or inscribe in a docket, or list of causes for trial.

3. To mark with a ticket; as, to docket goods.

DOCKYARD Dock"yard`, n.

Defn: A yard or storage place for all sorts of naval stores and timber for shipbuilding.

DOCOGLOSSA Doc`o*glos"sa, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of gastropods, including the true limpets, and having the teeth on the odontophore or lingual ribbon.

DOCQUET Doc"quet, n. & v.

Defn: See Docket.

DOCTOR Doc"tor, n. Etym: [OF. doctur, L. doctor, teacher, fr. docere to teach. See Docile.]

1. A teacher; one skilled in a profession, or branch of knowledge learned man. [Obs.] One of the doctors of Italy, Nicholas Macciavel. Bacon.

2. An academical title, originally meaning a men so well versed in his department as to be qualified to teach it. Hence: One who has taken the highest degree conferred by a university or college, or has received a diploma of the highest degree; as, a doctor of divinity, of law, of medicine, of music, or of philosophy. Such diplomas may confer an honorary title only.

3. One duly licensed to practice medicine; a member of the medical profession; a physician. By medicine life may be prolonged, yet death Will seize the doctor too. Shak.

4. Any mechanical contrivance intended to remedy a difficulty or serve some purpose in an exigency; as, the doctor of a calico- printing machine, which is a knife to remove superfluous coloring matter; the doctor, or auxiliary engine, called also donkey engine.

5. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The friar skate. [Prov. Eng.] Doctors' Commons. See under Commons. -- Doctor's stuff, physic, medicine. G. Eliot. -- Doctor fish (Zoöl.), any fish of the genus Acanthurus; the surgeon fish; -- so called from a sharp lancetlike spine on each side of the tail. Also called barber fish. See Surgeon fish.

DOCTOR Doc"tor, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doctored; p. pr. & vb. n. Doctoring.]

1. To treat as a physician does; to apply remedies to; to repair; as, to doctor a sick man or a broken cart. [Colloq.]

2. To confer a doctorate upon; to make a doctor.

3. To tamper with and arrange for one's own purposes; to falsify; to adulterate; as, to doctor election returns; to doctor whisky. [Slang]

DOCTOR Doc"tor, v. i.

Defn: To practice physic. [Colloq.]

DOCTORAL Doc"tor*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. doctoral.]

Defn: Of or relating to a doctor, or to the degree of doctor. Doctoral habit and square cap. Wood.

DOCTORALLY Doc"tor*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a doctor.[R.]

DOCTORATE Doc"tor*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. doctorat.]

Defn: The degree, title, or rank, of a doctor.

DOCTORATE Doc"tor*ate, v. t.

Defn: To make (one) a doctor. He was bred . . . in Oxford and there doctorated. Fuller.

DOCTORESS Doc"tor*ess, n.

Defn: A female doctor.[R.]

DOCTORLY Doc"tor*ly, a.

Defn: Like a doctor or learned man. [Obs.] "Doctorly prelates." Foxe.

DOCTORSHIP Doc"tor*ship, n.

Defn: Doctorate. [R.] Clarendon.

DOCTRESS Doc"tress, n.

Defn: A female doctor. [R.]

DOCTRINABLE Doc"tri*na*ble, a.

Defn: Of the nature of, or constituting, doctrine. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

DOCTRINAIRE Doc`tri*naire", n. Etym: [F. See Doctrine.]

Defn: One who would apply to political or other practical concerns the abstract doctrines or the theories of his own philosophical system; a propounder of a new set of opinions; a dogmatic theorist. Used also adjectively; as, doctrinaire notions.

Note: In french history, the Doctrinaires were a constitutionalist party which originated after the restoration of the Bourbons, and represented the interests of liberalism and progress. After the Revolution of July, 1830, when they came into power, they assumed a conservative position in antagonism with the republicans and radicals. Am. Cyc.

DOCTRINAL Doc"tri*nal, a. Etym: [LL. doctrinalis, fr. L. doctrina: cf. F. doctrinal. See Doctrine.]

1. Pertaining to, or containing, doctrine or something taught and to be believed; as, a doctrinal observation. "Doctrinal clauses." Macaulay.

2. Pertaining to, or having to do with, teaching. The word of God serveth no otherwise than in the nature of a doctrinal instrument. Hooker.

DOCTRINAL Doc"tri*nal, n.

Defn: A matter of doctrine; also, a system of doctrines. T. Goodwin. Sir T. Elyot.

DOCTRINALLY Doc"tri*nal*ly, adv.

Defn: In a doctrinal manner or for; by way of teaching or positive direction.

DOCTRINARIAN Doc"tri*na"ri*an, n.

Defn: A doctrinaire. J. H. Newman.

DOCTRINARIANISM Doc`tri*na"ri*an*ism, n.

Defn: The principles or practices of the Doctrinaires.

DOCTRINE Doc"trine, n. Etym: [F. doctrine, L. doctrina, fr. doctor. See Doctor.]

1. Teaching; instruction. He taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in his doctrine, Hearken. Mark iv. 2.

2. That which is taught; what is held, put forth as true, and supported by a teacher, a school, or a sect; a principle or position, or the body of principles, in any branch of knowledge; any tenet or dogma; a principle of faith; as, the doctrine of atoms; the doctrine of chances. "The doctrine of gravitation." I. Watts. Articles of faith and doctrine. Hooker. The Monroe doctrine (Politics), a policy enunciated by President Monroe (Message, Dec. 2, 1823), the essential feature of which is that the United States will regard as an unfriendly act any attempt on the part of European powers to extend their systems on this continent, or any interference to oppress, or in any manner control the destiny of, governments whose independence had been acknowledged by the United States.

Syn. -- Precept; tenet; principle; maxim; dogma. -- Doctrine, Precept. Doctrine denotes whatever is recommended as a speculative truth to the belief of others. Precept is a rule down to be obeyed. Doctrine supposes a teacher; precept supposes a superior, with a right to command. The doctrines of the Bible; the precepts of our holy religion. Unpracticed he to fawn or seek for power By doctrines fashioned to the varying hour. Goldsmith.

DOCUMENT Doc"u*ment, n. Etym: [LL. documentum, fr. docere to teach: cf. F. document. See Docile.]

1. That which is taught or authoritatively set forth; precept; instruction; dogma. [Obs.] Learners should not be too much crowded with a heap or multitude of documents or ideas at one time. I. Watts.

2. An example for instruction or warning. [Obs.] They were forth with stoned to death, as a document to others. Sir W. Raleigh.

3. An original or official paper relied upon as the basis, proof, or support of anything else; -- in its most extended sense, including any writing, book, or other instrument conveying information in the case; any material substance on which the thoughts of men are represented by any species of conventional mark or symbol. Saint Luke . . . collected them from such documents and testimonies as he . . . judged to be authentic. Paley.

DOCUMENT Doc"u*ment, v. t.

1. To teach; to school. [Obs.] I am finely documented by my own daughter. Dryden.

2. To furnish with documents or papers necessary to establish facts or give information; as, a a ship should be documented according to the directions of law.

DOCUMENTAL Doc`u*men"tal, a.

1. Of or pertaining to instruction. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

2. Of or pertaining to written evidence; documentary; as, documental testimony.

DOCUMENTARY Doc`u*men"ta*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to written evidence; contained or certified in writing. "Documentary evidence." Macaulay.

DODD; DOD Dodd, Dod, v. t. Etym: [OE. dodden.]

Defn: To cut off, as wool from sheep's tails; to lop or clip off. Halliwell.

DODDART Dod"dart, n.

Defn: A game much like hockey, played in an open field; also, the, bent stick for playing the game. [Local, Eng.] Halliwell.

DODDED Dod"ded, a. Etym: [See Dodd.]

Defn: Without horns; as, dodded cattle; without beards; as, dodded corn. Halliwell.

DODDER Dod"der, n. Etym: [Cf. Dan. dodder, Sw. dodra, G. dotter.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant of the genus Cuscuta. It is a leafless parasitical vine with yellowish threadlike stems. It attaches itself to some other plant, as to flax, goldenrod, etc., and decaying at the root. is nourished by the plant that supports it.

DODDER Dod"der, v. t. & i. Etym: [Cf. AS. dyderian to deceive, delude, and E. didder, dudder.]

Defn: To shake, tremble, or totter. "The doddering mast." Thomson.

DODDERED Dod"dered, a.

Defn: Shattered; infirm. "A laurel grew, doddered with age." Dryden.

DODECAGON Do*dec"a*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. dodécagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A figure or polygon bounded by twelve sides and containing twelve angles.

DODECAGYNIA Do*dec`a*gyn"i*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan order of plants having twelve styles.

DODECAGYNIAN; DODECAGYNOUS Do*dec`a*gyn"i*an, Do`de*cag"y*nous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Dodecagynia; having twelve styles.

DODECAHEDRAL Do*dec`a*he"dral, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or like, a dodecahedion; consisting of twelve equal sides. Dodecahedral cleavage. See under Cleavage.

DODECAHEDRON Do*dec`a*he"dron, n. Etym: [Gr. dodécaèdre.] (Geom. & Crystallog.)

Defn: A solid having twelve faces.

Note: The regular dodecahedron is bounded by twelve equal and regular pentagons; the pyritohedron (see Pyritohedron) is related to it; the rhombic dodecahedron is bounded by twelve equal rhombic faces.

DODECANDRIA Do`de*can"dri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants including all that have any number of stamens between twelve and nineteen.

DODECANDRIAN; DODECANDROUS Do`de*can"dri*an, Do`de*can"drous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Dodecandria; having twelve stamens, or from twelve to nineteen.

DODECANE Do"de*cane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Any one of a group of thick oily hydrocarbons, C12H26, of the paraffin series.

DODECASTYLE Do*dec"a*style, a. Etym: [Gr. dodécastyle.] (Arch.)

Defn: Having twelve columns in front. -- n.

Defn: A dodecastyle portico, or building.

DODECASYLLABIC Do*dec`a*syl*lab"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. syllabic.]

Defn: Having twelve syllables.

DODECASYLLABLE Do*dec"a*syl`la*ble, n.

Defn: A word consisting of twelve syllables.

DODECATEMORY Do*dec`a*tem"o*ry, n. Etym: [Gr. dodécatémorie.] (Astron.)

Defn: A tern applied to the twelve houses, or parts, of the zodiac of the primum mobile, to distinguish them from the twelve signs; also, any one of the twelve signs of the zodiac.

DODGE Dodge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dodged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dodging.] Etym: [Of uncertain origin: cf. dodder, v., daddle, dade, or dog, v. t.]

1. To start suddenly aside, as to avoid a blow or a missile; to shift place by a sudden start. Milton.

2. To evade a duty by low craft; to practice mean shifts; to use tricky devices; to play fast and loose; to quibble. Some dodging casuist with more craft than sincerity. Milton.

DODGE Dodge, v. t.

1. To evade by a sudden shift of place; to escape by starting aside; as, to dodge a blow aimed or a ball thrown.

2. Fig.: To evade by craft; as, to dodge a question; to dodge responsibility. [Colloq.] S. G. Goodrich.

3. To follow by dodging, or suddenly shifting from place to place. Coleridge.

DODGE Dodge, n.

Defn: The act of evading by some skillful movement; a sudden starting aside; hence, an artful device to evade, deceive, or cheat; a cunning trick; an artifice. [Colloq.] Some, who have a taste for good living, have many harmless arts, by which they improve their banquet, and innocent dodges, if we may be permitted to use an excellent phrase that has become vernacular since the appearance of the last dictionaries. Thackeray.

DODGER Dodg"er, n.

1. One who dodges or evades; one who plays fast and loose, or uses tricky devices. Smart.

2. A small handbill. [U. S.]

3. See Corndodger.

DODGERY Dodg"er*y, n.

Defn: trickery; artifice. [Obs.] Hacket.

DODIPATE; DODIPOLL Dod"i*pate, Dod"i*poll, n. Etym: [Perh. fr. OE. dodden to cut off, to shear, and first applied to shaven-polled priests.]

Defn: A stupid person; a fool; a blockhead. Some will say, our curate is naught, an ass-head, a dodipoll. Latimer.

DODKIN Dod"kin, n. Etym: [D. duitken, dim. of duit. See Doit, and cf. Doitkin.]

Defn: A doit; a small coin. Shelton.

DODMAN Dod"man, n.

1. A snail; also, a snail shell; a hodmandod. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Nares.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any shellfish which casts its shell, as a lobster. [Prov. Eng.]

DODO Do"do, n.; pl. Dodoes. Etym: [Said to be fr. Pg. doudo silly, foolish (cf. Booby); this is fr. Prov. E. dold, the same word as E. dolt.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, extinct bird (Didus ineptus), formerly inhabiting the Island of Mauritius. It had short, half-fledged wings, like those of the ostrich, and a short neck and legs; -- called also dronte. It was related to the pigeons.

DOE Doe, n. Etym: [AS. da; cf. Dan. daa, daa-dyr, deer, and perh. L. dama. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A female deer or antelope; specifically, the female of the fallow deer, of which the male is called a buck. Also applied to the female of other animals, as the rabbit. See the Note under Buck.

DOE Doe, n.

Defn: A feat. [Obs.] See Do, n. Hudibras.

DOEGLIC Doeg"lic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, the doegling; as, doeglic acid (Chem.), an oily substance resembling oleic acid.

DOEGLING Doeg"ling, n. Etym: [Native name in Faroe Islands.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The beaked whale (Balænoptera rostrata), from which doegling oil is obtained.

DOE, JOHN Doe, John. (Law)

Defn: The fictitious lessee acting as plaintiff in the common-law

## action of ejectment, the fictitious defendant being usually

denominated Richard Roe. Hence, a fictitious name for a party, real or fictitious, to any action or proceeding.

DOER Do"er, m. Etym: [From Do, v. t. & i.]

1. One who does; one performs or executes; one who is wont and ready to act; an actor; an agent. The doers of the law shall be justified. Rom. ii. 13.

2. (Scots Law)

Defn: An agent or attorney; a factor. Burrill.

DOES Does.

Defn: The 3d pers. sing. pres. of Do.

DOESKIN Doe"skin`, n.

1. The skin of the doe.

2. A firm woolen cloth with a smooth, soft surface like a doe's skin; -- made for men's wear.

DOFF Doff, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Doffing.] Etym: [Do + off. See Do, v. t., 7.]

1. To put off, as dress; to divest one's self of; hence, figuratively, to put or thrust away; to rid one's self of. And made us doff our easy robes of peace. Shak. At night, or in the rain, He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn. Emerson.

2. To strip; to divest; to undress. Heaven's King, who doffs himself our flesh to wear. Crashaw.

DOFF Doff, v. i.

Defn: To put off dress; to take off the hat.

DOFFER Doff"er, n. (Mach.)

Defn: A revolving cylinder, or a vibrating bar with teeth, in a carding machine, which doffs, or strips off, the cotton from the cards. Ure.

DOG Dog, n. Etym: [AS. docga; akin to D. dog mastiff, Dan. dogge, Sw. dogg.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A quadruped of the genus Canis, esp. the domestic dog (C. familiaris).

Note: The dog is distinguished above all others of the inferior animals for intelligence, docility, and attachment to man. There are numerous carefully bred varieties, as the beagle, bloodhound, bulldog, coachdog, collie, Danish dog, foxhound, greyhound, mastiff, pointer, poodle, St. Bernard, setter, spaniel, spitz dog, terrier, etc. There are also many mixed breeds, and partially domesticated varieties, as well as wild dogs, like the dingo and dhole. (See these names in the Vocabulary.)

2. A mean, worthless fellow; a wretch. What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he should do this great thing 2 Kings viii. 13 (Rev. Ver. )

3. A fellow; -- used humorously or contemptuously; as, a sly dog; a lazy dog. [Colloq.]

4. (Astron.)

Defn: One of the two constellations, Canis Major and Canis Minor, or the Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. Canis Major contains the Dog Star (Sirius).

5. An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a firedog; an andiron.

6. (Mech.) (a) A grappling iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening into wood or other heavy articles, for the purpose of raising or moving them. (b) An iron with fangs fastening a log in a saw pit, or on the carriage of a sawmill. (c) A piece in machinery acting as a catch or clutch; especially, the carrier of a lathe, also, an adjustable stop to change motion, as in a machine tool.

Note: Dog is used adjectively or in composition, commonly in the sense of relating to, or characteristic of, a dog. It is also used to denote a male; as, dog fox or g-fox, a male fox; dog otter or dog- otter, dog wolf, etc.; -- also to denote a thing of cheap or mean quality; as, dog Latin. A dead dog, a thing of no use or value. 1 Sam. xxiv. 14. -- A dog in the manger, an ugly-natured person who prevents others from enjoying what would be an advantage to them but is none to him. -- Dog ape (Zoöl.), a male ape. -- Dog cabbage, or Dog's cabbage (Bot.), a succulent herb, native to the Mediterranean region (Thelygonum Cynocrambe). -- Dog cheap, very cheap. See under Cheap. -- Dog ear (Arch.), an acroterium. [Colloq.] -- Dog flea (Zoöl.), a species of flea (Pulex canis) which infests dogs and cats, and is often troublesome to man. In America it is the common flea. See Flea, and Aphaniptera. -- Dog grass (Bot.), a grass (Triticum caninum) of the same genus as wheat. -- Dog Latin, barbarous Latin; as, the dog Latin of pharmacy. -- Dog lichen (Bot.), a kind of lichen (Peltigera canina) growing on earth, rocks, and tree trunks, -- a lobed expansion, dingy green above and whitish with fuscous veins beneath. -- Dog louse (Zoöl.), a louse that infests the dog, esp. Hæmatopinus piliferus; another species is Trichodectes latus. -- Dog power, a machine operated by the weight of a dog traveling in a drum, or on an endless track, as for churning. -- Dog salmon (Zoöl.), a salmon of northwest America and northern Asia; -- the gorbuscha; -- called also holia, and hone. -- Dog shark. (Zoöl.) See Dogfish. -- Dog's meat, meat fit only for dogs; refuse; offal. -- Dog Star. See in the Vocabulary. -- Dog wheat (Bot.), Dog grass. -- Dog whelk (Zoöl.), any species of univalve shells of the family Nassidæ, esp. the Nassa reticulata of England. -- To give, or throw, to the dogs, to throw away as useless. "Throw physic to the dogs; I'll none of it." Shak. -- To go to the dogs, to go to ruin; to be ruined.

DOG Dog, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dogged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dogging.]

Defn: To hunt or track like a hound; to follow insidiously or indefatigably; to chase with a dog or dogs; to worry, as if by dogs; to hound with importunity. I have been pursued, dogged, and waylaid. Pope. Your sins will dog you, pursue you. Burroughs. Eager ill-bred petitioners, who do not so properly supplicate as hunt the person whom they address to, dogging him from place to place, till they even extort an answer to their rude requests. South.

DOGAL Do"gal, a. Etym: [LL. dogalis for ducalis. See Doge.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a doge.[R.]

DOGATE Do"gate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dogat, It. dogato. See Doge, and cf. Dogeate.]

Defn: The office or dignity of a doge.

DOGBANE Dog"bane`, n. Etym: [Said to be poisonous to dogs. Cf. Apocynaceous.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small genus of perennial herbaceous plants, with poisonous milky juice, bearing slender pods pods in pairs.

DOG BEE Dog" bee`.

Defn: A male or drone bee. Halliwell.

DOGBERRY Dog"ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The berry of the dogwood; -- called also dogcherry. Dr. Prior. Dogberry tree (Bot.), the dogwood.

DOGBOLT Dog"bolt`, n. (Gun.)

Defn: The bolt of the cap-square over the trunnion of a cannon. Knight.

DOG-BRIER Dog"-bri`er, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The dog-rose.

DOGCART Dog"cart`, n.

Defn: A light one-horse carriage, commonly two-wheeled, patterned after a cart. The original dogcarts used in England by sportsmen had a box at the back for carrying dogs.

DOG DAY; DOGDAY Dog" day` or Dog"day`.

Defn: One of the dog days. Dogday cicada (Zoöl.), a large American cicada (C. pruinosa), which trills loudly in midsummer.

DOG DAYS Dog" days`.

Defn: A period of from four to six weeks, in the summer, variously placed by almanac makers between the early part of July and the early part of September; canicular days; -- so called in reference to the rising in ancient times of the Dog Star (Sirius) with the sun. Popularly, the sultry, close part of the summer.

Note: The conjunction of the rising of the Dog Star with the rising of the sun was regarded by the ancients as one of the causes of the sultry heat of summer, and of the maladies which then prevailed. But as the conjunction does not occur at the same time in all latitudes, and is not constant in the same region for a long period, there has been much variation in calendars regarding the limits of the dog days. The astronomer Roger Long states that in an ancient calendar in Bede (died 735) the beginning of dog days is placed on the 14th of July; that in a calendar prefixed to the Common Prayer, printed in the time of Queen Elizabeth, they were said to begin on the 6th of July and end on the 5th of September; that, from the Restoration (1660) to the beginning of New Style (1752), British almanacs placed the beginning on the 19th of July and the end on the 28th of August; and that after 1752 the beginning was put on the 30th of July, the end on the 7th of September. Some English calendars now put the beginning on July 3d, and the ending on August 11th. A popular American almanac of the present time (1890) places the beginning on the 25th of July, and the end on the 5th of September.

DOGDRAW Dog"draw`, n. (Eng. Forest Law)

Defn: The act of drawing after, or pursuing, deer with a dog. Cowell.

DOGE Doge, n. Etym: [It doge, dogio, for duce, duca, fr. L. dux, ducis, a leader, commander. See Duke.]

Defn: The chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa.

DOG-EARED Dog"-eared`, a.

Defn: Having the corners of the leaves turned down and soiled by careless or long-continued usage; -- said of a book. Statute books before unopened, not dog-eared. Ld. Mansfield.

DOGEATE Doge"ate, n.

Defn: Dogate. Wright.

DOGELESS Doge"less, a.

Defn: Without a doge. Byron.

DOG-FACED Dog"-faced`, a.

Defn: Having a face resembling that of a dog. Dog-faced baboon (Zoöl.), any baboon of the genus Cynocephalus. See Drill.

DOG FANCIER Dog" fan`cier.

Defn: One who has an unusual fancy for, or interest in, dogs; also, one who deals in dogs.

DOGFISH Dog"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

1. A small shark, of many species, of the genera Mustelus, Scyllium, Spinax, etc.

Note: The European spotted dogfishes (Scyllium catudus, and S. canicula) are very abundant; the American smooth, or blue dogfish is Mustelus canis; the common picked, or horned dogfish (Squalus acanthias) abundant on both sides of the Atlantic.

2. The bowfin (Amia calva). See Bowfin.

3. The burbot of Lake Erie.

DOG-FOX Dog"-fox`, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A male fox. See the Note under Dog, n.,

6. Sir W. Scott. (b) The Arctic or blue fox; -- a name also applied to species of the genus Cynalopex.

DOGGED Dog"ged, a. Etym: [Fron. Dog.]

1. Sullen; morose. [Obs. or R.] The sulky spite of a temper naturally dogged. Sir W. Scott.

2. Sullenly obstinate; obstinately determined or persistent; as, dogged resolution; dogged work.

DOGGEDLY Dog"ged*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dogged manner; sullenly; with obstinate resolution.

DOGGEDNESS Dog"ged*ness, n.

1. Sullenness; moroseness. [R.]

2. Sullen or obstinate determination; grim resolution or persistence.

DOGGER Dog"ger, n. Etym: [D., fr. dogger codfish, orig. used in the catching of codfish.] (Naut.)

Defn: A two-masted fishing vessel, used by the Dutch.

DOGGER Dog"ger, n.

Defn: A sort of stone, found in the mines with the true alum rock, chiefly of silica and iron.

DOGGEREL Dog"ger*el, a. Etym: [OE. dogerel.]

Defn: Low in style, and irregular in measure; as, doggerel rhymes. This may well be rhyme doggerel, quod he. Chaucer.

DOGGEREL Dog"ger*el, n.

Defn: A sort of loose or irregular verse; mean or undignified poetry. Doggerel like that of Hudibras. Addison. The ill-spelt lines of doggerel in which he expressed his reverence for the brave sufferers. Macaulay.

DOGGERMAN Dog"ger*man, n.

Defn: A sailor belonging to a dogger.

DOGGET Dog"get, n.

Defn: Docket. See Docket. [Obs.]

DOGGISH Dog"gish, a.

Defn: Like a dog; having the bad qualities of a dog; churlish; growling; brutal. -- Dog"*gish*ly, adv. -- Dog"gish*ness, n.

DOGGREL Dog"grel, a. & n.

Defn: Same as Doggerel.

DOG-HEADED Dog"-head`ed, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a head shaped like that of a dog; -- said of certain baboons.

DOG-HEARTED Dog"-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Inhuman; cruel. Shak.

DOGHOLE Dog"hole`, n.

Defn: A place fit only for dogs; a vile, mean habitation or apartment. Dryden.

DOG-LEGGED dog"-leg`ged, a. (Arch)

Defn: Noting a flight of stairs, consisting of two or more straight portions connected by a platform (landing) or platforms, and running in opposite directions without an intervening wellhole.

DOGMA Dog"ma, n.; pl. E. Dogmas, L. Dogmata. Etym: [L. dogma, Gr. pl. , fr. decet it is becoming. Cf. Decent.]

1. That which is held as an opinion; a tenet; a doctrine. The obscure and loose dogmas of early antiquity. Whewell.

2. A formally stated and authoritatively settled doctrine; a definite, established, and authoritative tenet.

3. A doctrinal notion asserted without regard to evidence or truth; an arbitrary dictum.

Syn. -- tenet; opinion; proposition; doctrine. -- Dogma, Tenet. A tenet is that which is maintained as true with great firmness; as, the tenets of our holy religion. A dogma is that which is laid down with authority as indubitably true, especially a religious doctrine; as, the dogmas of the church. A tenet rests on its own intrinsic merits or demerits; a dogma rests on authority regarded as competent to decide and determine. Dogma has in our language acquired, to some extent, a repulsive sense, from its carrying with it the idea of undue authority or assumption. this is more fully the case with its derivatives dogmatical and dogmatism.

DOGMATIC Dog*mat"ic, n.

Defn: One of an ancient sect of physicians who went by general principles; -- opposed to the Empiric.

DOGMATIC; DOGMATICAL Dog*mat"ic, Dog*mat`ic*al, a. Etym: [L. dogmaticus, Gr. dogmatique.]

1. Pertaining to a dogma, or to an established and authorized doctrine or tenet.

2. Asserting a thing positively and authoritatively; positive; magisterial; hence, arrogantly authoritative; overbearing. Critics write in a positive, dogmatic way. Spectator. [They] are as assertive and dogmatical as if they were omniscient. Glanvill. Dogmatic theology. Same as Dogmatics.

Syn. -- Magisterial; arrogant. See Magisterial.

DOGMATICALLY Dog*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dogmatic manner; positively; magisterially.

DOGMATICALNESS Dog*mat"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dogmatical; positiveness.

DOGMATICIAN Dog`ma*ti"cian, n.

Defn: A dogmatist.

DOGMATICS Dog*mat"ics, n.

Defn: The science which treats of Christian doctrinal theology.

DOGMATISM Dog"ma*tism, n.

Defn: The manner or character of a dogmatist; arrogance or positiveness in stating opinion. The self-importance of his demeanor, and the dogmatism of his conversation. Sir W. Scott.

DOGMATIST Dog"ma*tist, n. Etym: [L. dogmatistes, Gr.

Defn: One who dogmatizes; one who speaks dogmatically; a bold and arrogant advancer of principles. I expect but little success of all this upon the dogmatist; his opinioned assurance is paramount to argument. Glanvill.

DOGMATIZE Dog"ma*tize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dogmatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Dogmatizing.] Etym: [L. dogmatizare to lay down an opinion, Gr. dogmatiser. See Dogma.]

Defn: To assert positively; to teach magisterially or with bold and undue confidence; to advance with arrogance. The pride of dogmatizing schools. Blackmore.

DOGMATIZE Dog"ma*tize, v. t.

Defn: To deliver as a dogma. [R.]

DOGMATIZER Dog"ma*ti`zer, n.

Defn: One who dogmatizes; a bold asserter; a magisterial teacher. Hammond.

DOG-ROSE Dog"-rose`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A common European wild rose, with single pink or white flowers.

DOG'S-BANE Dog's"-bane`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: See Dogbane.

DOG'S-EAR Dog's"-ear`, n.

Defn: The corner of a leaf, in a book, turned down like the ear of a dog. Gray. -- Dog's"-eared`, a. Cowper.

DOGSHIP Dog"ship, n.

Defn: The character, or individuality, of a dog.

DOGSHORE Dog"shore`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: One of several shores used to hold a ship firmly and prevent her moving while the blocks are knocked away before launching.

DOGSICK Dog"sick`, a.

Defn: Sick as a dog sometimes is very sick. [Colloq.]

DOGSKIN Dog"skin, n.

Defn: The skin of a dog, or leather made of the skin. Also used adjectively.

DOGSLEEP Dog"sleep`, n.

1. Pretended sleep. Addison.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: The fitful naps taken when all hands are kept up by stress.

DOG'S-TAIL GRASS Dog's"-tail grass`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A hardy species of British grass (Cynosurus cristatus) which abounds in grass lands, and is well suited for making straw plait; -- called also goldseed.

DOG STAR Dog" Star`.

Defn: Sirius, a star of the constellation Canis Major, or the Greater Dog, and the brightest star in the heavens; -- called also Canicula, and, in astronomical charts, a Canis Majoris. See Dog days.

DOG'S-TONGUE Dog's"-tongue`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Hound's-tongue.

DOGTIE Dog"tie`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: A cramp.

DOGTOOTH Dog"tooth`, n.; pl. Dogteeth (.

1. See Canine tooth, under Canine.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: An ornament common in Gothic architecture, consisting of pointed projections resembling teeth; -- also called tooth ornament. Dogtooth spar (Min.), a variety of calcite, in acute crystals, resembling the tooth of a dog. See Calcite. -- Dogtooth violet (Bot.), a small, bulbous herb of the Lily family (genus Erythronium). It has two shining flat leaves and commonly one large flower. [Written also dog's-tooth violet.]

DOGTRICK Dog"trick`, n.

Defn: A gentle trot, like that of a dog.

DOGVANE Dog"vane`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A small vane of bunting, feathers, or any other light material, carried at the masthead to indicate the direction of the wind. Totten.

DOGWATCH Dog"watch`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A half watch; a watch of two hours, of which there are two, the first dogwatch from 4 to 6 o'clock, p.m., and the second dogwatch from 6 to 8 o'clock, P. M. Totten.

DOG-WEARY Dog"-wea`ry, a.

Defn: Extremely weary. Shak.

DOGWOOD Dog"wood`, n. Etym: [So named from skewers (dags) being made of it. Dr. Prior. See Dag, and Dagger.] (Bot.)

Defn: The Cornus, a genus of large shrubs or small trees, the wood of which is exceedingly hard, and serviceable for many purposes.

Note: There are several species, one of which, Cornus mascula, called also cornelian cherry, bears a red acid berry. C. florida is the flowering dogwood, a small American tree with very showy blossoms. Dogwood tree. (a) The dogwood or Cornus. (b) A papilionaceous tree (Piscidia erythring) growing in Jamaica. It has narcotic properties; -- called also Jamaica dogwood.

DOHTREN Doh"tren, n. pl.

Defn: Daughters. [Obs.]

DOILY Doi"ly, n. Etym: [So called from the name of the dealer.]

1. A kind of woolen stuff. [Obs.] "Some doily petticoats." Dryden. A fool and a doily stuff, would now and then find days of grace, and be worn for variety. Congreve.

2. A small napkin, used at table with the fruit, etc.; -- commonly colored and fringed.

DOING Do"ing, n.; pl. Doings (.

Defn: Anything done; a deed; an action good or bad; hence, in the plural, conduct; behavior. See Do. To render an account of his doings. Barrow.

DOIT Doit, n. Etym: [D. duit, Icel. pveit, prop., a piece cut off. See Thwaite a piece of ground, Thwite.]

1. A small Dutch coin, worth about half a farthing; also, a similar small coin once used in Scotland; hence, any small piece of money. Shak.

2. A thing of small value; as, I care not a doit.

DOITKIN Doit"kin, n.

Defn: A very small coin; a doit.

DOKIMASTIC Dok`i*mas"tic, a.

Defn: Docimastic.

DOKO Do"ko, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Lepidosiren.

DOLABRA Do*la"bra, n. Etym: [L., fr. dolare to hew.]

Defn: A rude ancient ax or hatchet, seen in museums.

DOLABRIFORM Do*lab"ri*form, a. Etym: [L. dolabra a mattock + -form.]

Defn: Shaped like the head of an ax or hatchet, as some leaves, and also certain organs of some shellfish.

DOLCE; DOLCEMENTE Dol"ce, Dol`ce*men"te, adv. Etym: [It., fr. L. dulcis sweet, soft.] (Mus.)

Defn: Softly; sweetly; with soft, smooth, and delicate execution.

DOLCINO; DULCINO Dol*ci"no, or Dul*ci"no (, n. Etym: [Cf. It. dolcigno sweetish.] (Mus.)

Defn: A small bassoon, formerly much used. Simmonds.

DOLDRUMS Dol"drums, n. pl. Etym: [Cf. Gael. doltrum grief, vexation]

Defn: A part of the ocean near the equator, abounding in calms, squalls, and light, baffling winds, which sometimes prevent all progress for weeks; -- so called by sailors. To be in the doldrums, to be in a state of listlessness ennui, or tedium.

DOLE Dole, n. Etym: [OE. deol, doel, dol, OF. doel, fr. doloir to suffer, fr. L. dolere; perh. akin to dolare to hew.]

Defn: grief; sorrow; lamentation. [Archaic] And she died. So that day there was dole in Astolat. Tennyson.

DOLE Dole, n. Etym: [L. dolus: cf. F. dol.] (Scots Law)

Defn: See Dolus.

DOLE Dole, n. Etym: [AS. dal portion; same word as d. See Deal.]

1. Distribution; dealing; apportionment. At her general dole, Each receives his ancient soul. Cleveland.

2. That which is dealt out; a part, share, or portion also, a scanty share or allowance.

3. Alms; charitable gratuity or portion. So sure the dole, so ready at their call, They stood prepared to see the manna fall. Dryden. Heaven has in store a precious dole. Keble.

4. A boundary; a landmark. Halliwell.

5. A void space left in tillage. [Prov. Eng.] Dole beer, beer bestowed as alms. [Obs.] -- Dole bread, bread bestowed as alms. [Obs.] -- Dole meadow, a meadow in which several persons have a common right or share.

DOLE Dole, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doled; p. pr. & vb. n. Doling.]

Defn: To deal out in small portions; to distribute, as a dole; to deal out scantily or grudgingly. The supercilious condescension with which even his reputed friends doled out their praises to him. De Quincey.

DOLEFUL Dole"ful, a.

Defn: Full of dole or grief; expressing or exciting sorrow; sorrowful; sad; dismal. With screwed face and doleful whine. South. Regions of sorrow, doleful shades. Milton.

Syn. -- Piteous; rueful; sorrowful; woeful; melancholy; sad gloomy; dismal; dolorous; woe-begone. - Dole"ful*ly, adv. -- Dole"ful*ness, n.

DOLENT Do"lent, a. Etym: [L. dolens, p. pr. of dolere: cf. F. dolent. See Dole sorrow.]

Defn: Sorrowful. [Obs.] Ford.

DOLENTE Do*len"te, a. & adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: Plaintively. See Doloroso.

DOLERITE Dol"er*ite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Geol. & Min.)

Defn: A dark-colored, basic, igneous rock, composed essentially of pyroxene and a triclinic feldspar with magnetic iron. By many authors it is considered equivalent to a coarse-grained basalt.

DOLERITIC Dol`er*it"ic, a.

Defn: Of the nature of dolerite; as, much lava is doleritic lava. Dana.

DOLESOME Dole"some, a.

Defn: Doleful; dismal; gloomy; sorrowful. -- Dole"some*ly, adv. -- Dole"some*ness, n.

DOLF Dolf, imp.

Defn: of Delve. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DOLICHOCEPHALIC; DOLICHOCEPHALOUS Dol`i*cho*ce*phal"ic, Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Having the cranium, or skull, long to its breadth; long-headed; -- opposed to brachycephalic. -- Dol`i*cho*ceph"al, a. & n.

DOLICHOCEPHALY; DOLICHOCEPHALISM Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*ly, Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*lism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dolichcéphalie.]

Defn: The quality or condition of being dolichocephalic.

DOLIOFORM Do"li*o*form, a. Etym: [L. dolium large jar + -form.] (Biol.)

Defn: Barrel-shaped, or like a cask in form.

DOLIOLUM Do*li"o*lum, n. Etym: [L. doliolum a small cask.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of freeswimming oceanic tunicates, allied to Salpa, and having alternate generations.

DO-LITTLE Do"-lit`tle, n.

Defn: One who performs little though professing much. [Colloq.] Great talkers are commonly dolittles. Bp. Richardson.

DOLIUM Do"li*um, n. Etym: [L. large jar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of large univalve mollusks, including the partridge shell and tun shells.

DOLL Doll, n. Etym: [A contraction of Dorothy; or less prob. an abbreviation of idol; or cf. OD. dol a whipping top, D. dollen to rave, and E. dull.]

Defn: A child's puppet; a toy baby for a little girl.

DOLLAR Dol"lar, n. Etym: [D. daalder, LG. dahler, G. thaler, an abbreviation of Joachimsthaler, i. e., a piece of money first coined, about the year 1518, in the valley (G. thal) of St. Joachim, in Bohemia. See Dale.]

1. (a) A silver coin of the United States containing 371.25 grains of silver and 41.25 grains of alloy, that is, having a total weight of 412.5 grains. (b) A gold coin of the United States containing 23.22 grains of gold and 2.58 grains of alloy, that is, having a total weight of 25.8 grains, nine-tenths fine. It is no longer coined.

Note: Previous to 1837 the silver dollar had a larger amount of alloy, but only the same amount of silver as now, the total weight being 416 grains. The gold dollar as a distinct coin was first made in 1849. The eagles, half eagles, and quarter eagles coined before 1834 contained 24.75 grains of gold and 2.25 grains of alloy for each dollar.

2. A coin of the same general weight and value, though differing slightly in different countries, current in Mexico, Canada, parts of South America, also in Spain, and several other European countries.

3. The value of a dollar; the unit commonly employed in the United States in reckoning money values. Chop dollar. See under 9th Chop. -- Dollar fish (Zoöl.), a fish of the United States coast (Stromateus triacanthus), having a flat, roundish form and a bright silvery luster; -- called also butterfish, and Lafayette. See Butterfish. -- Trade dollar, a silver coin formerly made at the United States mint, intended for export, and not legal tender at home. It contained 378 grains of silver and 42 grains of alloy.

DOLLARDEE Dol`lar*dee", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of sunfish (Lepomis pallidus), common in the United States; -- called also blue sunfish, and copper-nosed bream.

DOLLMAN Doll"man, n.

Defn: See Dolman.

DOLLY Dol"ly, n.; pl. Dollies (.

1. (Mining)

Defn: A contrivance, turning on a vertical axis by a handle or winch, and giving a circular motion to the ore to be washed; a stirrer.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: A tool with an indented head for shaping the head of a rivet. Knight.

3. In pile driving, a block interposed between the head of the pile and the ram of the driver.

4. A small truck with a single wide roller used for moving heavy beams, columns, etc., in bridge building.

5. A compact, narrow-gauge locomotive used for moving construction trains, switching, etc.

DOLLY Dol"ly, n.

Defn: A child's mane for a doll. Dolly shop, a shop where rags, old junk, etc., are bought and sold; usually, in fact, an unlicensed pawnbroker's shop, formerly distinguished by the sign of a black doll. [England]

DOLLY VARDEN Dol"ly Var"den.

1. A character in Dickens's novel "Barnaby Rudge," a beautiful, lively, and coquettish girl who wore a cherry-colored mantle and cherry-colored ribbons.

2. A style of light, bright-figured dress goods for women; also, a style of dress. Dolly Varden trout (Zoöl.), a trout of northwest America; -- called also bull trout, malma, and red-spotted trout. See Malma.

DOLMAN Dol"man, n. Etym: [Turk. d: cf. F. doliman.]

1. A long robe or outer garment, with long sleeves, worn by the Turks. [Written also doliman.]

2. A cloak of a peculiar fashion worn by women.

DOLMEN Dol"men, n. Etym: [Armor. taol, tol, table + mean, maen, men, stone: cf. F. dolmen.]

Defn: A cromlech. See Cromlech. [Written also tolmen.]

DOLOMITE Dol"o*mite, n. Etym: [After the French geologist Dolomieu.] (Geol. & Min.)

Defn: A mineral consisting of the carbonate of lime and magnesia in varying proportions. It occurs in distinct crystals, and in extensive beds as a compact limestone, often crystalline granular, either white or clouded. It includes much of the common white marble. Also called bitter spar.

DOLOMITIC Dol`o*mit"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to dolomite.

DOLOMIZE Dol"o*mize, v. t.

Defn: To convert into dolomite. -- Dol`o*mi*za"tion, n.

DOLOR Do"lor, n. Etym: [OE. dolor, dolur, dolour, F. douleur, L. dolor, fr. dolere. See 1st Dole.]

Defn: Pain; grief; distress; anguish. [Written also dolour.] [Poetic] Of death and dolor telling sad tidings. Spenser.

DOLORIFEROUS Dol`or*if"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. dolor pain + -ferous.]

Defn: Producing pain. Whitaker.

DOLORIFIC; DOLORIFICAL Dol`or*if"ic, Dol`or*if"ic*al, a. Etym: [LL. dolorificus; L. dolor pain + facere to make.]

Defn: Causing pain or grief. Arbuthnot.

DOLOROSO Do`lo*ro"so, a. & adv. Etym: [It.] (Mus.)

Defn: Plaintive; pathetic; -- used adverbially as a musical direction.

DOLOROUS Dol"or*ous, a. Etym: [L. dolorosus, from dolor: cf. F. douloureux. See Dolor.]

1. Full of grief; sad; sorrowful; doleful; dismal; as, a dolorous object; dolorous discourses. You take me in too dolorous a sense; I spake to you for your comfort. Shak.

2. Occasioning pain or grief; painful. Their dispatch is quick, and less dolorous than the paw of the bear or teeth of the lion. Dr. H. More. -- Dol"or*ous*ly, adv. -- Dol"or*ous*ness, n.

DOLPHIN Dol"phin, n. Etym: [F. dauphin dolphin, dauphin, earlier spelt also doffin; cf. OF. dalphinal of the dauphin; fr. L. delphinus, Gr. garbha; perh. akin to E. calf. Cf. Dauphin, Delphine.]

1. (Zool.) (a) A cetacean of the genus Delphinus and allied genera (esp. D. delphis); the true dolphin. (b) The Coryphæna hippuris, a fish of about five feet in length, celebrated for its surprising changes of color when dying. It is the fish commonly known as the dolphin. See Coryphænoid.

Note: The dolphin of the ancients (D. delphis) is common in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, and attains a length of from six to eight feet.

2. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A mass of iron or lead hung from the yardarm, in readiness to be dropped on the deck of an enemy's vessel.

3. (Naut.) (a) A kind of wreath or strap of plaited cordage. (b) A spar or buoy held by an anchor and furnished with a ring to which ships may fasten their cables. R. H. Dana. (c) A mooring post on a wharf or beach. (d) A permanent fender around a heavy boat just below the gunwale. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

4. (Gun.)

Defn: In old ordnance, one of the handles above the trunnions by which the gun was lifted.

5. (Astron.)

Defn: A small constellation between Aquila and Pegasus. See Delphinus, n.,

2. Dolphin fly (Zoöl.), the black, bean, or collier, Aphis (Aphis fable), destructive to beans. -- Dolphin striker (Naut.), a short vertical spar under the bowsprit.

DOLPHINET Dol"phin*et, n.

Defn: A female dolphin. [R.] Spenser.

DOLT Dolt, n. Etym: [OE. dulte, prop. p. p. of dullen to dull. See Dull.]

Defn: A heavy, stupid fellow; a blockhead; a numskull; an ignoramus; a dunce; a dullard. This Puck seems but a dreaming dolt. Drayton.

DOLT Dolt, v. i.

Defn: To behave foolishly. [Obs.]

DOLTISH Dolt"ish, a.

Defn: Doltlike; dull in intellect; stupid; blockish; as, a doltish clown. -- Dolt"ish*ly, adv. -- Dolt"ish*ness, n.

DOLUS Do"lus, n. Etym: [L., deceit; akin to Gr. (Law)

Defn: Evil intent, embracing both malice and fraud. See Culpa. Wharton.

DOLVEN Dolv"en, p. p.

Defn: of Delve. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

-DOM -dom (.

Defn: A suffix denoting: (a) Jurisdiction or property and jurisdiction, dominion, as in kingdom earldom. (b) State, condition, or quality of being, as in wisdom, freedom.

Note: It is from the same root as doom meaning authority and judgment. . See Doom.

DOM Dom, n. Etym: [Pg. See Don.]

1. A title anciently given to the pope, and later to other church dignitaries and some monastic orders. See Don, and Dan.

2. In Portugal and Brazil, the title given to a member of the higher classes.

DOMABLE Dom"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. domabilis, fr. domare to tame.]

Defn: Capable of being tamed; tamable.

DOMABLENESS Dom"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Tamableness.

DOMAGE Dom"age, n. Etym: [See Damage.]

1. Damage; hurt. [Obs.] Chapman.

2. Subjugation. [Obs.] Hobbes.

DOMAIN Do*main", n. Etym: [F. domaine, OF. demaine, L. dominium, property, right of ownership, fr. dominus master, owner. See Dame, and cf Demesne, Dungeon.]

1. Dominion; empire; authority.

2. The territory over which dominion or authority is exerted; the possessions of a sovereign or commonwealth, or the like. Also used figuratively. The domain of authentic history. E. Everett. The domain over which the poetic spirit ranges. J. C. Shairp.

3. Landed property; estate; especially, the land about the mansion house of a lord, and in his immediate occupancy; demesne. Shenstone.

4. (Law)

Defn: Ownership of land; an estate or patrimony which one has in his own right; absolute proprietorship; paramount or sovereign ownership. Public domain, the territory belonging to a State or to the general government; public lands. [U.S.]in the public domain may be used by anyone wihout restriction. -- Right of eminent domain, that superior dominion of the sovereign power over all the property within the state, including that previously granted by itself, which authorizes it to appropriate any part thereof to a necessary public use, reasonable compensation being made.

DOMAL Do"mal, a. Etym: [L. domus house.] (Astrol.)

Defn: Pertaining to a house. Addison.

DOMANIAL Do*ma"ni*al, a.

Defn: Of or relating to a domain or to domains.

DOME Dome, n. Etym: [F. dôme, It. duomo, fr. L. domus a house, domus Dei or Domini, house of the Lord, house of God; akin to Gr. timber. See Timber.]

1. A building; a house; an edifice; -- used chiefly in poetry. Approach the dome, the social banquet share. Pope.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: A cupola formed on a large scale.

Note: "The Italians apply the term il duomo to the principal church of a city, and the Germans call every cathedral church Dom; and it is supposed that the word in its present English sense has crept into use from the circumstance of such buildings being frequently surmounted by a cupola." Am. Cyc.

3. Any erection resembling the dome or cupola of a building; as the upper part of a furnace, the vertical steam chamber on the top of a boiler, etc.

4. (Crystallog.)

Defn: A prism formed by planes parallel to a lateral axis which meet above in a horizontal edge, like the roof of a house; also, one of the planes of such a form.

Note: If the plane is parallel to the longer diagonal (macrodiagonal) of the prism, it is called a macrodome; if parallel to the shorter (brachydiagonal), it is a brachydome; if parallel to the inclined diagonal in a monoclinic crystal, it is called a clinodome; if parallel to the orthodiagonal axis, an orthodome. Dana.

DOME Dome, n. Etym: [See Doom.]

Defn: Decision; judgment; opinion; a court decision. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DOMEBOOK Dome"book`, n. Etym: [Dome doom + book.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A book said to have been compiled under the direction of King Alfred. It is supposed to have contained the principal maxims of the common law, the penalties for misdemeanors, and the forms of judicial proceedings. Domebook was probably a general name for book of judgments. Burrill.

DOMED Domed, a.

Defn: Furnished with a dome; shaped like a dome.

DOMESDAY Domes"day`, n.

Defn: A day of judgment. See Doomsday. [Obs.] Domesday Book, the ancient record of the survey of most of the lands of England, made by order of William the Conqueror, about 1086. It consists of two volumes, a large folio and a quarto, and gives the proprietors' tenures, arable land, woodland, etc. [Written also Doomsday Book.]

DOMESMAN Domes"man, n.; pl. Domesmen. Etym: [See Doom.]

Defn: A judge; an umpire. [Obs.]

DOMESTIC Do*mes"tic, a. Etym: [L. domesticus, fr. domus use: cf. F. domestique. See 1st Dome.]

1. Of or pertaining to one's house or home, or one's household or family; relating to home life; as, domestic concerns, life, duties, cares, happiness, worship, servants. His fortitude is the more extraordinary, because his domestic feelings were unusually strong. Macaulay.

4. Of or pertaining to a nation considered as a family or home, or to one's own country; intestine; not foreign; as, foreign wars and domestic dissensions. Shak.

3. Remaining much at home; devoted to home duties or pleasures; as, a domestic man or woman.

4. Living in or near the habitations of man; domesticated; tame as distinguished from wild; as, domestic animals.

5. Made in one's own house, nation, or country; as, domestic manufactures, wines, etc.

DOMESTIC Do*mes"tic, n.

1. One who lives in the family of an other, as hired household assistant; a house servant. The master labors and leads an anxious life, to secure plenty and ease to the domestic. V. Knox.

2. pl. (Com.)

Defn: Articles of home manufacture, especially cotton goods. [U. S.]

DOMESTICAL Do*mes"tic*al, a.

Defn: Domestic. [Obs.] Our private and domestical matter. Sir. P. Sidney.

DOMESTICAL Do*mes"tic*al, n.

Defn: A family; a household. [Obs.]

DOMESTICALLY Do*mes"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a domestic manner; privately; with reference to domestic affairs.

DOMESTICANT Do*mes"ti*cant, a.

Defn: Forming part of the same family. [Obs.] Sir E. Dering.

DOMESTICATE Do*mes"ti*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Domesticated; p. pr. & vb. n. Domesticating.] Etym: [LL. domesticatus, p. p. of domesticare to reside in, to tame. See Domestic, a.]

1. To make domestic; to habituate to home life; as, to domesticate one's self.

2. To cause to be, as it were, of one's family or country; as, to domesticate a foreign custom or word.

3. To tame or reclaim from a wild state; as, to domesticate wild animals; to domesticate a plant.

DOMESTICATION Do*mes`ti*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. domestication.]

Defn: The act of domesticating, or accustoming to home; the action of taming wild animals.

DOMESTICATOR Do*mes"ti*ca`tor, n.

Defn: One who domesticates.

DOMESTICITY Do`mes*tic"i*ty, n. Etym: [LL. domesticitas: cf. F. domesticité.]

Defn: The state of being domestic; domestic character; household life.

DOMETT Dom"ett, n.

Defn: A kind of baize of which the ward is cotton and the weft woolen. Blakely.

DOMEYKITE Do"mey*kite, n. Etym: [Named after Domeyko, a mineralogist of Chili.] (Min.)

Defn: A massive mineral of tin-white or steel-gray color, an arsenide of copper.

DOMICAL Dom"i*cal, a.

Defn: Relating to, or shaped like, a dome.

DOMICILE Dom"i*cile, n. Etym: [L. domicilium; domus house + (prob.) root of celare to conceal: cf. F. domicile. See Dome, and Conceal.]

1. An abode or mansion; a place of permanent residence, either of an individual or a family.

2. (Law)

Defn: A residence at a particular place accompanied with an intention to remain there for an unlimited time; a residence accepted as a final abode. Wharton.

DOMICILE Dom"i*cile, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Domiciled; p. pr. & vb. n. Domiciling.] Etym: [Cf. F. domicilier. Cf. Domiciliate.]

Defn: To establish in a fixed residence, or a residence that constitutes habitancy; to domiciliate. Kent.

DOMICILIAR Dom`i*cil"i*ar, n.

Defn: A member of a household; a domestic.

DOMICILIARY Dom`i*cil"i*a*ry, a. Etym: [LL. domiciliarius.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a domicile, or the residence of a person or family. The personal and domiciliary rights of the citizen scrupulously guarded. Motley. Domiciliary visit (Law), a visit to a private dwelling, particularly for searching it, under authority.

DOMICILIATE Dom`i*cil"i*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Domiciliated; p. pr. & vb. n. Domiciliating.] Etym: [See Domicile.]

1. To establish in a permanent residence; to domicile.

2. To domesticate. Pownall.

DOMICILIATION Dom`i*cil`i*a"tion, n.

Defn: The act of domiciliating; permanent residence; inhabitancy. Milman.

DOMICULTURE Dom"i*cul`ture, n. Etym: [L. domus house + E. culture. See 1st Dome.]

Defn: The art of house-keeping, cookery, etc. [R.] R. Park.

DOMIFY Dom"i*fy, v. t. Etym: [L. domus + -fy: cf. F. domifier.]

1. (Astrol.)

Defn: To divide, as the heavens, into twelve houses. See House, in astrological sense. [Obs.]

2. To tame; to domesticate. [Obs.] Johnson.

DOMINA Dom"i*na, n. Etym: [L., lady. See Dame.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: Lady; a lady; -- a title formerly given to noble ladies who held a barony in their own right. Burrill.

DOMINANCE; DOMINANCY Dom"i*nance, Dom"i*nan*cy, n.

Defn: Predominance; ascendency; authority.

DOMINANT Dom"i*nant, a. Etym: [L. dominans, -antis, p. pr. of dominari: cf. F. dominant. See Dominate.]

Defn: Ruling; governing; prevailing; controlling; predominant; as, the dominant party, church, spirit, power. The member of a dominant race is, in his dealings with the subject race, seldom indeed fraudulent, . . . but imperious, insolent, and cruel. Macaulay. Dominant estate or tenement (Law), the estate to which a servitude or easement is due from another estate, the estate over which the servitude extends being called the servient estate or tenement. Bouvier. Wharton's Law Dict. -- Dominant owner (Law), one who owns lands on which there is an easement owned by another.

Syn. -- Governing; ruling; controlling; prevailing; predominant; ascendant.

DOMINANT Dom"i*nant, n. (Mus.)

Defn: The fifth tone of the scale; thus G is the dominant of C, A of D, and so on. Dominant chord (Mus.), the chord based upon the dominant.

DOMINATE Dom"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dominated; p. pr. & vb. n. Dominating.] Etym: [L. dominatus, p. p. of dominari to dominate, fr. dominus master, lord. See Dame, and cf. Domineer.]

Defn: To predominate over; to rule; to govern. "A city dominated by the ax." Dickens. We everywhere meet with Slavonian nations either dominant or dominated. W. Tooke.

DOMINATE Dom"i*nate, v. i.

Defn: To be dominant. Hallam.

DOMINATION Dom`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [F. domination, L. dominatio.]

1. The act of dominating; exercise of power in ruling; dominion; supremacy; authority; often, arbitrary or insolent sway. In such a people, the haugtiness of domination combines with the spirit of freedom. Burke.

2. A ruling party; a party in power. [R.] Burke.

3. pl.

Defn: A high order of angels in the celestial hierarchy; -- a meaning given by the schoolmen. Thrones, dominations, princedoms, virtues, powers. Milton.

DOMINATIVE Dom"i*na*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dominatif.]

Defn: Governing; ruling; imperious. Sir E. Sandys.

DOMINATOR Dom"i*na`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A ruler or ruling power. "Sole dominator of Navarre." Shak. Jupiter and Mars are dominators for this northwest part of the world. Camden.

DOMINE Dom"i*ne, n. Etym: [See Dominie.]

1. A name given to a pastor of the Reformed Church. The word is also applied locally in the United States, in colloquial speech, to any clergyman.

2. Etym: [From Sp. domine a schoolmaster.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A West Indian fish (Epinula magistralis), of the family Trichiuridæ. It is a long-bodied, voracious fish.

DOMINEER Dom`i*neer", v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Domineered; p. pr. & vb. n. Domineering.] Etym: [F. dominer, L. dominari: cf. OD. domineren to feast luxuriously. See Dominate, v. t.]

Defn: To rule with insolence or arbitrary sway; to play the master; to be overbearing; to tyrannize; to bluster; to swell with conscious superiority or haughtiness; -- often with over; as, to domineer over dependents. Go to the feast, revel and domineer. Shak. His wishes tend abroad to roam, And hers to domineer at home. Prior.

DOMINEERING Dom`i*neer"ing, a.

Defn: Ruling arrogantly; overbearing. A violent, brutal, domineering old reprobate. Blackw. Mag.

Syn. -- Haughty; overbearing; lordly. See Imperious. -- Dom`i*neer"ing*ly, adv.

DOMINICAL Do*min"ic*al, a. Etym: [LL. dominicalis, for L. dominicus belonging to a master or lord (dominica dies the Lord's day), fr. dominus master or lord: cf. F. dominical. See Dame.]

1. Indicating, or pertaining to, the Lord's day, or Sunday.

2. Relating to, or given by, our Lord; as, the dominical (or Lord's) prayer. Howell. Some words altered in the dominical Gospels. Fuller. Dominical altar (Eccl.), the high altar. -- Dominical letter, the letter which, in almanacs, denotes Sunday, or the Lord's day (dies Domini). The first seven letters of the alphabet are used for this purpose, the same letter standing for Sunday during a whole year (except in leap year, when the letter is changed at the end of February). After twenty-eight years the same letters return in the same order. The dominical letters go backwards one day every common year, and two every leap year; e. g., if the dominical letter of a common year be G, F will be the dominical letter for the next year. Called also Sunday letter. Cf. Solar cycle, under Cycle, n.

DOMINICAL Do*min"ic*al, n.

Defn: The Lord's day or Sunday; also, the Lord's prayer. [Obs.]

DOMINICAN Do*min"i*can, a. Etym: [NL. Dominicanus, fr. Dominicus, Dominic, the founder: cf. F. Dominicain.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to St. Dominic (Dominic de Guzman), or to the religions communities named from him. Dominican nuns, an order of nuns founded by St. Dominic, and chiefly employed in teaching. -- Dominican tertiaries (the third order of St. Dominic). See Tertiary.

DOMINICAN Do*min"i*can, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of an order of mendicant monks founded by Dominic de Guzman, in 1215. A province of the order was established in England in 1221. The first foundation in the United States was made in 1807. The Master of the Sacred Palace at Rome is always a Dominican friar. The Dominicans are called also preaching friars, friars preachers, black friars (from their black cloak), brothers of St. Mary, and in France, Jacobins.

DOMINICIDE Do*min"i*cide, n. Etym: [L. dominus master + caedere to cut down, kill.]

1. The act of killing a master.

2. One who kills his master.

DOMINIE Dom"i*nie, n. Etym: [L. dominus master. See Don, Dame.]

1. A schoolmaster; a pedagogue. [Scot.] This was Abel Sampson, commonly called, from occupation as a pedagogue, Dominie Sampson. Sir W. Scott.

2. A clergyman. See Domine, 1. [Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]

DOMINION Do*min"ion, n. Etym: [LL. dominio, equiv. to L. dominium. See Domain, Dungeon.]

1. Sovereign or supreme authority; the power of governing and controlling; independent right of possession, use, and control; sovereignty; supremacy. I praised and honored him that liveth forever, whose dominion is an everlasting dominion. Dan. iv. 34. To choose between dominion or slavery. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

2. Superior prominence; predominance; ascendency. Objects placed foremost ought . . . have dominion over things confused and transient. Dryden.

3. That which is governed; territory over which authority is exercised; the tract, district, or county, considered as subject; as, the dominions of a king. Also used figuratively; as, the dominion of the passions.

4. pl.

Defn: A supposed high order of angels; dominations. See Domination, 3. Milton. By him were all things created . . . whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers. Col. i. 16.

Syn. -- Sovereignty; control; rule; authority; jurisdiction; government; territory; district; region.

DOMINION DAY Do*min"ion Day.

Defn: In Canada, a legal holiday, July lst, being the anniversary of the proclamation of the formation of the Dominion in 1867.

DOMINO Dom"i*no, n.; pl. Dominos or (esp. the pieces for a game) Dominoes. Etym: [F. domino, or It. dominò, or Sp. dominó, fr. L. dominus master. The domino was orig. a hood worn by the canons of a cathedral. See Don, Dame.]

1. A kind of hood worn by the canons of a cathedral church; a sort of amice. Kersey.

2. A mourning veil formerly worn by women.

3. A kind of mask; particularly, a half mask worn at masquerades, to conceal the upper part of the face. Dominos were formerly worn by ladies in traveling.

4. A costume worn as a disguise at masquerades, consisting of a robe with a hood adjustable at pleasure.

5. A person wearing a domino.

6. pl.

Defn: A game played by two or more persons, with twenty-eight pieces of wood, bone, or ivory, of a flat, oblong shape, plain at the back, but on the face divided by a line in the middle, and either left blank or variously dotted after the manner of dice. The game is played by matching the spots or the blank of an unmatched half of a domino already played Hoyle.

7. One of the pieces with which the game of dominoes is played. Hoyle. fall like dominoes. To fall sequentially, as when one object in a line, by falling against the next object, causes it in turn to fall, and that second object causes a third to fall, etc.; the process can be repeated an indefinite number of times. Derived from an entertainment using dominoes arranged in a row, each standing on edge and therefore easily knocked over; when the first is made to fall against the next, it starts a sequence which ends when all have fallen. For amusement, people have arranged such sequences involving thousands of dominoes, arrayed in fanciful patterns. Domino theory. A political theory current in the 1960's, according to which the conversion of one country in South Asia to communism will start a sequential process causing all Asian countries to convert to Communism. The apparent assumption was that an Asian country with a Western orientation was as politically unstable as a domino standing on edge. Used by some as a justification for American involvement in the Vietnam war, 1964-1972.

DOMINO WHIST Dom"i*no whist.

Defn: A game of cards in which the suits are played in sequence, beginning with a 5 or 9, the player who gets rid of his cards first being the winner.

DOMINUS Dom"i*nus, n.; pl. Domini. Etym: [L., master. See Dame.]

Defn: Master; sir; -- a title of respect formerly applied to a knight or a clergyman, and sometimes to the lord of a manor. Cowell.

DOMITABLE Dom"i*ta*ble, a. Etym: [L. domitare to tame, fr. domare.]

Defn: That can be tamed. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

DOMITE Do"mite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A grayish variety of trachyte; -- so called from the Puy-de- Dôme in Auvergne, France, where it is found.

DON Don, n. Etym: [Sp. don; akin to Pg. dom, It. donno; fr. L. dominus master. See Dame, and cf. Domine, Dominie, Domino, Dan, Dom.]

1. Sir; Mr; Signior; -- a title in Spain, formerly given to noblemen and gentlemen only, but now common to all classes. Don is used in Italy, though not so much as in Spain France talks of Dom Calmet, England of Dom Calmet, England of Dan Lydgate. Oliphant.

2. A grand personage, or one making pretension to consequence; especially, the head of a college, or one of the fellows at the English universities. [Univ. Cant] "The great dons of wit." Dryden.

DON Don, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Donned; p. pr. & vb. n. Donning.] Etym: [Do + on; -- opposed to doff. See Do, v. t., 7.]

Defn: To put on; to dress in; to invest one's self with. Should I don this robe and trouble you. Shak. At night, or in the rain, He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn. Emerson.

DONA; DONYA Do"ña, n. Etym: [Sp. doña. See Duenna.]

Defn: Lady; mistress; madam; -- a title of respect used in Spain, prefixed to the Christian name of a lady.

DONABLE Do"na*ble, a. Etym: [L. donabilis, fr. donare to donate.]

Defn: Capable of being donated or given. [R.]

DONARY Do"na*ry, n. Etym: [L. donarium, fr. donare.]

Defn: A thing given to a sacred use. [R.] Burton.

DONAT Don"at, n. Etym: [From Donatus, a famous grammarian.]

Defn: A grammar. [Obs.] [Written also donet.]

DONATARY Don"a*ta*ry, n.

Defn: See Donatory.

DONATE Do"nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Donated; p. pr. & vb. n. Donating.] Etym: [L. donatus, p. p. of donare to donate, fr. donum gift, fr. dare to give. See 2d Date.]

Defn: To give; to bestow; to present; as, to donate fifty thousand dollars to a college.

DONATION Do*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. donatio; cf. F. donation.]

1. The act of giving or bestowing; a grant. After donation there an absolute change and alienation of the property of the thing given. South.

2. That which is given as a present; that which is transferred to another gratuitously; a gift. And some donation freely to estate On the bless'd lovers. Shak.

3. (Law)

Defn: The act or contract by which a person voluntarily transfers the title to a thing of which be is the owner, from himself to another, without any consideration, as a free gift. Bouvier. Donation party, a party assembled at the house of some one, as of a clergyman, each one bringing some present. [U.S.] Bartlett.

Syn. -- Gift; present; benefaction; grant. See Gift.

DONATISM Don"a*tism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. Donatisme.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: The tenets of the Donatists.

DONATIST Don"a*tist, n. Etym: [LL. Donatista: cf. F. Donatiste.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: A follower of Donatus, the leader of a body of North African schismatics and purists, who greatly disturbed the church in the 4th century. They claimed to be the true church.

DONATISTIC Don`a*tis"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Donatism.

DONATIVE Don"a*tive, n. Etym: [L. donativum, fr. donare: cf. F. donatif. See Donate.]

1. A gift; a largess; a gratuity; a present. "The Romans were entertained with shows and donatives." Dryden.

2. (Eccl. Law)

Defn: A benefice conferred on a person by the founder or patron, without either presentation or institution by the ordinary, or induction by his orders. See the Note under Benefice, n.,

3.

DONATIVE Don"a*tive, a.

Defn: Vested or vesting by donation; as, a donative advowson. Blackstone.

DONATOR Do*na"tor, n. Etym: [L. Cf. Donor.] (Law)

Defn: One who makes a gift; a donor; a giver.

DONATORY Don"a*to*ry, n. (Scots Law)

Defn: A donee of the crown; one the whom, upon certain condition, escheated property is made over.

DO-NAUGHT Do"-naught`, n. Etym: [Do + naught.]

Defn: A lazy, good-for-nothing fellow.

DONAX Do"nax, n. Etym: [L., reed, also a sea fish, Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A canelike grass of southern Europe (Arundo Donax), used for fishing rods, etc.

DONCELLA Don*cel"la, n. Etym: [Sp., lit., a maid. Cf. Damsel.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A handsome fish of Florida and the West Indies (Platyglossus radiatus). The name is applied also to the ladyfish (Harpe rufa) of the same region.

DONE Done,

Defn: p. p. from Do, and formerly the infinitive.

1. Performed; executed; finished.

2. It is done or agreed; let it be a match or bargain; -- used elliptically. Done brown, a phrase in cookery; applied figuratively to one who has been thoroughly deceived, cheated, or fooled. [Colloq.] -- Done for, tired out; used up; collapsed; destroyed; dead; killed. [Colloq.] -- Done up. (a) Wrapped up. (b) Worn out; exhausted. [Colloq.]

DONE Done, a. Etym: [Prob. corrupted from OF. doné, F. donné, p. p. of OF. doner, F. donner, to give, issue, fr. L. donare to give. See Donate, and cf. Donee.]

Defn: Given; executed; issued; made public; -- used chiefly in the clause giving the date of a proclamation or public act.

DONEE Do*nee", n. Etym: [OF. doné, F. donné, p. p. See the preceding word.]

1. The person to whom a gift or donation is made.

2. (Law)

Defn: Anciently, one to whom lands were given; in later use, one to whom lands and tenements are given in tail; in modern use, one on whom a power is conferred for execution; -- sometimes called the appointor.

DONET Don"et, n.

Defn: Same as Donat. Piers Plowman.

DONGOLA Don"go*la, n.

1. A government of Upper Egypt.

2. Dongola kid.

Dongola kid, D. leather, leather made by the Dongola process. -- D. process, a process of tanning goatskin, and now also calfskin and sheepskin, with a combination of vegetable and mineral agents, so that it resembles kid. -- D. race, a boat race in which the crews are composed of a number of pairs, usually of men and women.

DONI Do"ni, n. Etym: [Tamil t.] (Naut.)

Defn: A clumsy craft, having one mast with a long sail, used for trading purposes on the coasts of Coromandel and Ceylon. [Written also dhony, doney, and done.]

Balfour.

DONIFEROUS Do*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. donum gift + -ferous.]

Defn: Bearing gifts. [R.]

DONJON Don"jon, n. Etym: [See Dungeon.]

Defn: The chief tower, also called the keep; a massive tower in ancient castles, forming the strongest part of the fortifications. See Illust. of Castle.

DONKEY Don"key, n.; pl. Donkeys. Etym: [Prob. dun, in allusion to the color of the animal + a dim. termination.]

1. An ass; or (less frequently) a mule.

2. A stupid or obstinate fellow; an ass. Donkey engine, a small auxiliary engine not used for propelling, but for pumping water into the boilers, raising heavy weights, and like purposes. -- Donkey pump, a steam pump for feeding boilers, extinguishing fire, etc.; -- usually an auxiliary. -- Donkey's eye (Bot.), the large round seed of the Mucuna pruriens, a tropical leguminous plant.

DONNA Don"na, n. Etym: [It. donna, L. domina. See Don, Dame.]

Defn: A lady; madam; mistress; -- the title given a lady in Italy.

DONNAT Don"nat, n. Etym: [Corrupted from do-naught.]

Defn: See Do-naught. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DONNEE Don`née", n. [F., fr. donner to give.]

Defn: Lit., given; hence, in a literary work, as a drama or tale, that which is assumed as to characters, situation, etc., as a basis for the plot or story. W. E. Henley.

That favorite romance donnée of the heir kept out of his own. Saintsbury.

DONNISM Don"nism, n. Etym: [Don, n., 2.]

Defn: Self-importance; loftiness of carriage. [Cant, Eng. Universities]

DONOR Do"nor, n. Etym: [F. donneur, OF. daneor, fr. donner. See Donee, and cf. Donator.]

1. One who gives or bestows; one who confers anything gratuitously; a benefactor.

2. (Law)

Defn: One who grants an estate; in later use, one who confers a power; -- the opposite of donee. Kent. Touching, the parties unto deeds and charters, we are to consider as well the donors and granters as the donees or grantees. Spelman.

DO-NOTHING Do"-noth`ing, a.

Defn: Doing nothing; inactive; idle; lazy; as, a do-nothing policy.

DO-NOTHINGISM; DO-NOTHINGNESS Do"-noth`ing*ism, Do"-noth`ing*ness, n.

Defn: Inactivity; habitual sloth; idleness. [Jocular] Carlyle. Miss Austen.

DONSHIP Don"ship, n.

Defn: The quality or rank of a don, gentleman, or knight. Hudibras.

DONZEL Don"zel, n. Etym: [Cf. It. donzello, Sp. doncel, OF. danzel. See Damsel, Don, n.]

Defn: A young squire, or knight's attendant; a page. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DOO Doo, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dove. [Scot.]

DOOB GRASS Doob" grass`. Etym: [Hind. d.] (Bot.)

Defn: A perennial, creeping grass (Cynodon dactylon), highly prized, in Hindostan, as food for cattle, and acclimated in the United States. [Written also doub grass.]

DOODLE Doo"dle, n. Etym: [Cf. Dawdle.]

Defn: A trifler; a simple fellow.

DOODLESACK Doo"dle*sack`, n. Etym: [Cf. G. dudelsack.]

Defn: The Scotch bagpipe. [Prov. Eng.]

DOOLE Doole, n.

Defn: Sorrow; dole. [Obs.] Spenser.

DOOLY Doo"ly, n.; pl. Doolies. Etym: [Skr. d.]

Defn: A kind of litter suspended from men's shoulders, for carrying persons or things; a palanquin. [Written also doolee and doolie.] [East Indies] Having provided doolies, or little bamboo chairs slung on four men's shoulders, in which I put my papers and boxes, we next morning commenced the ascent. J. D. Hooker.

DOOM Doom, n. Etym: [As. d; akin to OS. d, OHG. tuom, Dan. & Sw. dom, Icel. d, Goth. d, Gr. do, v. t. Do, v. t., and cf. Deem, -dom.]

1. Judgment; judicial sentence; penal decree; condemnation. The first dooms of London provide especially the recovery of cattle belonging to the citizens. J. R. Green. Now against himself he sounds this doom. Shak.

2. That to which one is doomed or sentenced; destiny or fate, esp. unhappy destiny; penalty. Ere Hector meets his doom. Pope. And homely household task shall be her doom. Dryden.

3. Ruin; death. This is the day of doom for Bassianus. Shak.

4. Discriminating opinion or judgment; discrimination; discernment; decision. [Obs.] And there he learned of things and haps to come, To give foreknowledge true, and certain doom. Fairfax.

Syn. -- Sentence; condemnation; decree; fate; destiny; lot; ruin; destruction.

DOOM Doom, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doomed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dooming.]

1. To judge; to estimate or determine as a judge. [Obs.] Milton.

2. To pronounce sentence or judgment on; to condemn; to consign by a decree or sentence; to sentence; as, a criminal doomed to chains or death. Absolves the just, and dooms the guilty souls. Dryden.

3. To ordain as penalty; hence, to mulct or fine. Have I tongue to doom my brother's death Shak.

4. To assess a tax upon, by estimate or at discretion. [New England] J. Pickering.

5. To destine; to fix irrevocably the destiny or fate of; to appoint, as by decree or by fate. A man of genius . . . doomed to struggle with difficulties. Macaulay.

DOOMAGE Doom"age, n.

Defn: A penalty or fine for neglect. [Local, New England]

DOOMFUL Doom"ful, a.

Defn: Full of condemnation or destructive power. [R.] "That doomful deluge." Drayton.

DOOM PALM Doom" palm`. Etym: [Ar. daum, dum: cf. F. doume.] (Bot.)

Defn: A species of palm tree (Hyphæne Thebaica), highly valued for the fibrous pulp of its fruit, which has the flavor of gingerbread, and is largely eaten in Egypt and Abyssinia. [Written also doum palm.]

DOOMSDAY Dooms"day`, n. Etym: [AS. d. See Doom, and Day.]

1. A day of sentence or condemnation; day of death. "My body's doomsday." Shak.

2. The day of the final judgment. I could not tell till doomsday. Chaucer. Doomsday Book. See Domesday Book.

DOOMSMAN Dooms"man, n. Etym: [Doom + man.]

Defn: A judge; an umpire. [Obs.] Hampole.

DOOMSTER Doom"ster, n.

Defn: Same as Dempster. [Scot.]

DOOR Door, n. Etym: [OE. dore, dure, AS. duru; akin to OS. dura, dor, D. deur, OHG. turi, door, tor gate, G. thür, thor, Icel. dyrr, Dan. dör, Sw. dörr, Goth. daur, Lith. durys, Russ. dvere, Olr. dorus, L. fores, Gr. dur, dvara. . Cf. Foreign.]

1. An opening in the wall of a house or of an apartment, by which to go in and out; an entrance way. To the same end, men several paths may tread, As many doors into one temple lead. Denham.

2. The frame or barrier of boards, or other material, usually turning on hinges, by which an entrance way into a house or apartment is closed and opened. At last he came unto an iron door That fast was locked. Spenser.

3. Passage; means of approach or access. I am the door; by me if any man enter in, he shall be saved. John x. 9.

4. An entrance way, but taken in the sense of the house or apartment to which it leads. Martin's office is now the second door in the street. Arbuthnot. Blank door, Blind door, etc. (Arch.) See under Blank, Blind, etc. -- In doors, or Within doors, within the house. -- Next door to, near to; bordering on. A riot unpunished is but next door to a tumult. L'Estrange. -- Out of doors, or Without doors, and, colloquially, Out doors, out of the house; in open air; abroad; away; lost. His imaginary title of fatherhood is out of doors. Locke. -- To lay (a fault, misfortune, etc.) at one's door, to charge one with a fault; to blame for. -- To lie at one's door, to be imputable or chargeable to. If I have failed, the fault lies wholly at my door. Dryden.

Note: Door is used in an adjectival construction or as the first part of a compound (with or without the hyphen), as, door frame, doorbell or door bell, door knob or doorknob, door latch or doorlatch, door jamb, door handle, door mat, door panel.

DOORCASE Door"case`, n.

Defn: The surrounding frame into which a door shuts.

DOORCHEEK Door"cheek`, n.

Defn: The jamb or sidepiece of a door. Ex. xii. 22 (Douay version).

DOORGA Door"ga, n. Etym: [Skr. Durga.] (Myth.)

Defn: A Hindoo divinity, the consort of Siva, represented with ten arms. [Written also Durga.] Malcom.

DOORING Door"ing, n.

Defn: The frame of a door. Milton.

DOORKEEPER Door"keep`er, n.

Defn: One who guards the entrance of a house or apartment; a porter; a janitor.

DOORLESS Door"less, a.

Defn: Without a door.

DOORNAIL Door"nail`, n.

Defn: The nail or knob on which in ancient doors the knocker struck; -- hence the old saying, "As dead as a doornail."

DOORPLANE Door"plane`, n.

Defn: A plane on a door, giving the name, and sometimes the employment, of the occupant.

DOORPOST Door"post`, n.

Defn: The jamb or sidepiece of a doorway.

DOORSILL Door"sill`, n.

Defn: The sill or threshold of a door.

DOORSTEAD Door"stead, n.

Defn: Entrance or place of a door. [Obs. or Local] Bp. Warburton.

DOORSTEP Door"step`, n.

Defn: The stone or plank forming a step before an outer door.

DOORSTONE Door"stone`, n.

Defn: The stone forming a threshold.

DOORSTOP Door"stop`, n. (Carp.)

Defn: The block or strip of wood or similar material which stops, at the right place, the shutting of a door.

DOORWAY Door"way`, n.

Defn: The passage of a door; entrance way into a house or a room.

DOORYARD Door"yard`, n.

Defn: A yard in front of a house or around the door of a house.

DOP; DOOP Dop, Doop, n.

Defn: A little copper cup in which a diamond is held while being cut.

DOP Dop, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Dap, Dip.]

Defn: To dip. [Obs.] Walton.

DOP Dop, n.

Defn: A dip; a low courtesy. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DOPE Dope (dop), n. [D. doop a dipping, fr. doopen to dip. Cf. Dip.]

1. Any thick liquid or pasty preparation, as of opium for medicinal purposes, of grease for a lubricant, etc.

2. Any preparation, as of opium, used to stupefy or, in the case of a race horse, to stimulate. [Slang or Cant]

3. An absorbent material; esp., in high explosives, the sawdust, infusorial earth, mica, etc., mixed with nitroglycerin to make a damp powder (dynamite, etc.) less dangerous to transport, and ordinarily explosive only by suitable fulminating caps.

4. Information concerning the previous performances of race horses, or other facts concerning them which may be of assistance in judging of their chances of winning future races; sometimes, similar information concerning other sports. [Sporting Slang]

DOPE Dope, v. t.

1. To treat or affect with dope; as, to dope nitroglycerin; specif.: (a) To give stupefying drugs to; to drug. [Slang] (b) To administer a stimulant to (a horse) to increase his speed. It is a serious offense against the laws of racing. [Race-track Slang]

2. To judge or guess; to predict the result of, as by the aid of dope. [Slang]

DOPE-BOOK Dope"-book`, n.

Defn: A chart of previous performances, etc., of race horses. [Race- track Slang]

DOPEY Dop"ey, a.

Defn: Affected by "dope"; esp., sluggish or dull as though under the influence of a narcotic. [Slang]

DOPPELGANGER Dop"pel*gäng`er, n. [G.]

Defn: A spiritual or ghostly double or counterpart; esp., an apparitional double of a living person; a cowalker.

DOPPER Dop"per, n. Etym: [D. dooper.] [Written also doper.]

Defn: An Anabaptist or Baptist. [Contemptuous] B. Jonson.

DOPPLERITE Dop"pler*ite, n. Etym: [Named after the physicist and mathematician Christian Doppler.] (Min.)

Defn: A brownish black native hydrocarbon occurring in elastic or jellylike masses.

DOQUET Doq"uet, n.

Defn: A warrant. See Docket.

DOR Dor, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. dora drone, locust, D. tor beetle, L. taurus a kind of beetle. Cf. Dormouse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large European scaraboid beetle (Geotrupes stercorarius), which makes a droning noise while flying. The name is also applied to allied American species, as the June bug. Called also dorr, dorbeetle, or dorrbeetle, dorbug, dorrfly, and buzzard clock.

DOR Dor, n. Etym: [Cf. Dor a beetle, and Hum, Humbug.]

Defn: A trick, joke, or deception. Beau. & Fl. To give one the dor, to make a fool of him. [Archaic] P. Fletcher.

DOR Dor, v. t.

Defn: To make a fool of; to deceive. [Obs.] [Written also dorr.] B. Jonson.

DORADO Do*ra"do, n. Etym: [Sp. dorado gilt, fr. dorar to gild, fr. L. deaurare. See 1st Dory, and cf. Fl Dorado.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: A southern constellation, within which is the south pole of the ecliptic; -- called also sometimes Xiphias, or the Swordfish.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large, oceanic fish of the genus Coryphæna.

DORBEETLE Dor"bee`tle, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See 1st Dor.

DOREE Do"ree, n. Etym: [See Dory.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European marine fish (Zeus faber), of a yellow color. See Illust. of John Doree.

Note: The popular name in England is John Doree, or Dory, well known to be a corruption of F. jaune-dorée, i. e., golden-yellow. See 1st Dory.

DORETREE Dore"tree`, n.

Defn: A doorpost. [Obs.] "As dead as a doretree." Piers Plowman.

DORHAWK Dor"hawk`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European goatsucker; -- so called because it eats the dor beetle. See Goatsucker. [Written also dorrhawk.] Booth.

DORIAN Do"ri*an, a.

1. Of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks of Doris; Doric; as, a Dorian fashion.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: Same as Doric, 3. "Dorian mood." Milton. Dorian mode (Mus.), the first of the authentic church modes or tones, from D to D, resembling our D minor scale, but with the B natural. Grove.

DORIAN Do"ri*an, n.

Defn: A native or inhabitant of Doris in Greece.

DORIC Dor"ic, a. Etym: [L. Doricus, Gr.

1. Pertaining to Doris, in ancient Greece, or to the Dorians; as, the Doric dialect.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: Belonging to, or resembling, the oldest and simplest of the three orders of architecture used by the Greeks, but ranked as second of the five orders adopted by the Romans. See Abacus, Capital, Order.

Note: This order is distinguished, according to the treatment of details, as Grecian Doric, or Roman Doric.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: Of or relating to one of the ancient Greek musical modes or keys. Its character was adapted both to religions occasions and to war.

DORIC Dor"ic, n.

Defn: The Doric dialect.

DORICISM Dor"i*cism, n.

Defn: A Doric phrase or idiom.

DORIS Do"ris, n. Etym: [L. Doris, the daughter of Oceanus, and wife of Nereus, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of nudibranchiate mollusks having a wreath of branchiæ on the back.

DORISM Do"rism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A Doric phrase or idiom.

DORKING FOWL Dor"king fowl`. Etym: [From the town of Dorking in England.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a breed of large-bodied domestic fowls, having five toes, or the hind toe double. There are several strains, as the white, gray, and silver-gray. They are highly esteemed for the table.

DORMANCY Dor"man*cy, n. Etym: [From Dormant.]

Defn: The state of being dormant; quiescence; abeyance.

DORMANT Dor"mant, a. Etym: [F., p. pr. of dormir to sleep, from L. dormire; cf. Gr. dra, OSlav. dr.]

1. Sleeping; as, a dormant animal; hence, not in action or exercise; quiescent; at rest; in abeyance; not disclosed, asserted, or insisted on; as, dormant passions; dormant claims or titles. It is by lying dormant a long time, or being . . . very rarely exercised, that arbitrary power steals upon a people. Burke.

2. (Her.)

Defn: In a sleeping posture; as, a lion dormant; -- distinguished from couchant. Dormant partner (Com.), a partner who takes no share in the active business of a company or partnership, but is entitled to a share of the profits, and subject to a share in losses; -- called also sleeping or silent partner. -- Dormant window (Arch.), a dormer window. See Dormer. -- Table dormant, a stationary table. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DORMANT Dor"mant, n. Etym: [See Dormant, a.] (Arch.)

Defn: A large beam in the roof of a house upon which portions of the other timbers rest or " sleep." Arch. Pub. Soc. -- Called also dormant tree, dorman tree, dormond, and dormer. Halliwell.

DORMER; DORMER WINDOW Dor"mer, or Dor"mer win"dow (, n. Etym: [Literally, the window of a sleeping apartment. F. dormir to sleep. See Dormant, a. & n.] (Arch.)

Defn: A window pierced in a roof, and so set as to be vertical while the roof slopes away from it. Also, the gablet, or houselike structure, in which it is contained.

DORMITIVE Dor"mi*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dormitif, fr. dormire to sleep.]

Defn: Causing sleep; as, the dormitive properties of opium. Clarke. -- n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine to promote sleep; a soporific; an opiate.

DORMITORY Dor"mi*to*ry, n.; pl. Dormitories. Etym: [L. dormitorium, fr. dormitorius of or for sleeping, fr. dormire to sleep. See Dormant.]

1. A sleeping room, or a building containing a series of sleeping rooms; a sleeping apartment capable of containing many beds; esp., one connected with a college or boarding school. Thackeray.

2. A burial place. [Obs.] Ayliffe. My sister was interred in a very honorable manner in our dormitory, joining to the parish church. Evelyn.

DORMOUSE Dor"mouse, n.; pl. Dormice. Etym: [Perh. fr. F. dormir to sleep (Prov. E. dorm to doze) + E. mouse; or perh. changed fr. F. dormeuse, fem., a sleeper, though not found in the sense of a dormouse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small European rodent of the genus Myoxus, of several species. They live in trees and feed on nuts, acorns, etc.; -- so called because they are usually torpid in winter.

DORMY Dor"my, a. [Origin uncertain.] (Golf)

Defn: Up, or ahead, as many holes as remain to be played; -- said of a player or side.

A player who is dormy can not be beaten, and at the worst must halve the match. Encyc. of Sport.

DORN Dorn, n. Etym: [Cf. G. dorn thorn, D. doorn, and G. dornfisch stickleback.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A British ray; the thornback.

DORNICK; DORNOCK Dor"nick, or Dor"nock, n.

Defn: A coarse sort of damask, originally made at Tournay (in Flemish, Doornick), Belgium, and used for hangings, carpets, etc. Also, a stout figured linen manufactured in Scotland. [Formerly written also darnex, dornic, dorneck, etc.] Halliwell. Jamieson.

Note: Ure says that dornock, a kind of stout figured linen, derives its name from a town in Scotland where it was first manufactured for tablecloths.

DORP Dorp, n. Etym: [LG. & D. dorp. See Thorpe.]

Defn: A hamlet. "A mean fishing dorp." Howell.

DORR Dorr, n.

Defn: The dorbeetle; also, a drone or an idler. See 1st Dor. Robynson (More's Utopia).

DORR Dorr, v. t.

1. To deceive. [Obs.] See Dor, v. t.

2. To deafen with noise. [Obs.] Halliwell.

DORRFLY Dorr"fly`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See 1st Dor.

DORRHAWK Dorr"hawk`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dorhawk.

DORSAD Dor"sad, adv. Etym: [Dorsum +L. ad towards.] (Anat.)

Defn: Toward the dorsum or back; on the dorsal side; dorsally.

DORSAL Dor"sal, a. Etym: [F. dorsal, LL. dorsalis, fr. L. dorsualis, fr. dorsum back; cf. Gr. Dorse, Dorsel, Dosel.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or situated near, the back, or dorsum, of an animal or of one of its parts; notal; tergal; neural; as, the dorsal fin of a fish; the dorsal artery of the tongue; -- opposed to ventral.

2. (Bot.) (a) Pertaining to the surface naturally inferior, as of a leaf. (b) Pertaining to the surface naturally superior, as of a creeping hepatic moss. Dorsal vessel (Zoöl.), a central pulsating blood vessel along the back of insects, acting as a heart.

DORSAL Dor"sal, n. Etym: [LL. dorsale, neut. fr. dorsalis. See Dorsal, a.] (Fine Arts)

Defn: A hanging, usually of rich stuff, at the back of a throne, or of an altar, or in any similar position.

DORSALE Dor"sale, n.

Defn: Same as Dorsal, n.

DORSALLY Dor"sal*ly, adv. (Anat.)

Defn: On, or toward, the dorsum, or back; on the dorsal side of; dorsad.

DORSE Dorse, n. Etym: [Cf. L. dorsum the back. See Dorsel, Dosel.]

1. Same as dorsal, n. [Obs.]

2. The back of a book. [Obs.] Books, all richly bound, with gilt dorses. Wood.

DORSE Dorse, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Baltic or variable cod (Gadus callarias), by some believed to be the young of the common codfish.

DORSEL Dor"sel, n. Etym: [See Dosser.]

1. A pannier.

2. Same as Dorsal, n.

DORSER Dor"ser, n.

Defn: See Dosser.

DORSIBRANCHIATA dor`si*bran`chi*a"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from L. dorsum back + branchiae gills.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of chætopod annelids in which the branchiæ are along the back, on each side, or on the parapodia. [See Illusts. under Annelida and Chætopoda.]

DORSIBRANCHIATE Dor`si*bran"chi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having branchiæ along the back; belonging to the Dorsibranchiata. -- n.

Defn: One of the Dorsibranchiata.

DORSIFEROUS Dor*sif"er*ous,. Etym: [Dorsum + -ferous; cf. F. dorsifère.] (Biol.)

Defn: Bearing, or producing, on the back; -- applied to ferns which produce seeds on the back of the leaf, and to certain Batrachia, the ova of which become attached to the skin of the back of the parent, where they develop; dorsiparous.

DORSIMESON Dor`si*mes"on, n. Etym: [Dorsum + meson.]

Defn: (Anat.) See Meson.

DORSIPAROUS Dor*sip"a*rous, a. Etym: [Dorsum + L. parere to bring forth.] (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Dorsiferous.

DORSIVENTRAL Dor`si*ven"tral, a. Etym: [Dorsum + ventral.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Having distinct upper and lower surfaces, as most common leaves. The leaves of the iris are not dorsiventral.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: See Dorsoventral.

DORSOVENTRAL Dor`so*ven"tral, a. Etym: [dorsum + ventral.] (Anat.)

Defn: From the dorsal to the ventral side of an animal; as, the dorsoventral axis.

DORSUM Dor"sum, n. Etym: [L.]

1. The ridge of a hill.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: The back or dorsal region of an animal; the upper side of an appendage or part; as, the dorsum of the tongue.

DORTOUR; DORTURE Dor"tour, Dor"ture, n. Etym: [F. dortoir, fr. L. dormitorium.]

Defn: A dormitory. [Obs.] Bacon.

DORY Do"ry, n.; pl. Dories. Etym: [Named from 1st color, fr. F. dorée gilded, fr. dorer to gild, L. deaurare. See Deaurate, and cf. Aureole.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European fish. See Doree, and John Doree.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The American wall-eyed perch; -- called also doré. See Pike perch.

DORY Do"ry, n.; pl. Dories (.

Defn: A small, strong, flat-bottomed rowboat, with sharp prow and flaring sides.

DORYPHORA Do*ryph"o*ra, n. Etym: [NL. See Doryphoros.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of plant-eating beetles, including the potato beetle. See Potato beetle.

DORYPHOROS Do*ryph"o*ros, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Fine Arts)

Defn: A spear bearer; a statue of a man holding a spear or in the attitude of a spear bearer. Several important sculptures of this subject existed in antiquity, copies of which remain to us.

DOSAGE Dos"age (dos"ayj), n. [Cf. F. dosage. See Dose, v.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: The administration of medicine in doses; specif., a scheme or system of grading doses of medicine according to age, etc.

2. The process of adding some ingredient, as to wine, to give flavor, character, or strength.

DOS--DOS Dos`-à-dos", adv. [F.]

Defn: Back to back; as, to sit dos-à-dos in a dogcart; to dance dos- à-dos, or so that two dancers move forward and pass back to back.

DOS--DOS Dos`-à-dos", n.

Defn: A sofa, open carriage, or the like, so constructed that the occupants sit back to back.

DOSE Dose, n. Etym: [F. dose, Gr. dare to give. See Date point of time.]

1. The quantity of medicine given, or prescribed to be taken, at one time.

2. A sufficient quantity; a portion; as much as one can take, or as falls to one to receive.

3. Anything nauseous that one is obliged to take; a disagreeable portion thrust upon one. I am for curing the world by gentle alteratives, not by violent doses. W. Irving. I dare undertake that as fulsome a dose as you give him, he shall readily take it down. South.

DOSE Dose, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dosed; p. pr. & vb. n. dosing.] Etym: [Cf. F. doser. See Dose, n.]

1. To proportion properly (a medicine), with reference to the patient or the disease; to form into suitable doses.

2. To give doses to; to medicine or physic to; to give potions to, constantly and without need. A self-opinioned physician, worse than his distemper, who shall dose, and bleed, and kill him, "secundum artem." South

3. To give anything nauseous to.

DOSEL Dos"el, n. Etym: [OF. dossel; cf. LL. dorsale. See Dorsal, and cf. Dorse, Dorsel.]

Defn: Same as Dorsal, n. [R.]

DOSIMETRY Do*sim"e*try, n. [NL. dosis dose + -metry.] (Med.)

Defn: Measurement of doses; specif., a system of therapeutics which uses but few remedies, mostly alkaloids, and gives them in doses fixed by certain rules. --Do`si*met"ric (#), a. --Do*sim"e*trist (#), n.

DOSOLOGY Do*sol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Dose +-logy.]

Defn: Posology. [R.] Ogilvie.

DOSS Doss, n. [Etym. uncertain.]

Defn: A place to sleep in; a bed; hence, sleep. [Slang]

DOSSEL Dos"sel, n. Etym: [See Dosel, n.]

Defn: Same as Dorsal, n.

DOSSER Dos"ser, n. Etym: [LL. dosserum, or F.dossier bundle of papers, part of a basket resting on the back, fr. L. dorsum back. See Dorsal, and cf. Dosel.] [Written also dorser and dorsel.]

1. A pannier, or basket. To hire a ripper's mare, and buy new dossers. Beau. & Fl.

2. A hanging tapestry; a dorsal.

DOSS HOUSE Doss house.

Defn: A cheap lodging house.

They [street Arabs] consort together and sleep in low doss houses where they meet with all kinds of villainy. W. Besant.

DOSSIER Dos`sier" (dos`syay"; E. dos"si*er), n. [F., back of a thing, bulging bundle of papers, fr. dos back.]

Defn: A bundle containing the papers in reference to some matter.

DOSSIL Dos"sil, n. Etym: [OE. dosil faucet of a barrel, OF. dosil, duisil, spigot, LL. diciculus, ducillus, fr. L. ducere to lead, draw. See Duct, Duke.]

1. (Surg.)

Defn: A small ovoid or cylindrical roil or pledget of lint, for keeping a sore, wound, etc., open; a tent.

2. (Printing)

Defn: A roll of cloth for wiping off the face of a copperplate, leaving the ink in the engraved lines.

DOST Dost, 2d pers. sing. pres.

Defn: of Do.

DOT Dot, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. dos, dotis, dowry. See Dower, and cf. Dote dowry.] (Law)

Defn: A marriage portion; dowry. [Louisiana]

DOT Dot, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. dott small spot, speck; of uncertain origin.]

1. A small point or spot, made with a pen or other pointed instrument; a speck, or small mark.

2. Anything small and like a speck comparatively; a small portion or specimen; as, a dot of a child.

DOT Dot, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dotted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dotting.]

1. To mark with dots or small spots; as, to dot a line.

2. To mark or diversify with small detached objects; as, a landscape dotted with cottages.

DOT Dot, v. i.

Defn: To make dots or specks.

DOTAGE Do"tage, n. Etym: [From Dote, v. i.]

1. Feebleness or imbecility of understanding or mind, particularly in old age; the childishness of old age; senility; as, a venerable man, now in his dotage. Capable of distinguishing between the infancy and the dotage of Greek literature. Macaulay.

2. Foolish utterance; drivel. The sapless dotages of old Paris and Salamanca. Milton.

3. Excessive fondness; weak and foolish affection. The dotage of the nation on presbytery. Bp. Burnet.

DOTAL Do"tal, a. Etym: [L. dotalis, fr. dos, dotis, dowry: cf. F. dotal. See Dot dowry.]

Defn: Pertaining to dower, or a woman's marriage portion; constituting dower, or comprised in it. Garth.

DOTANT Do"tant, n.

Defn: A dotard. [Obs.] Shak.

DOTARD Do"tard, n. Etym: [Dote, v. i.]

Defn: One whose mind is impaired by age; one in second childhood. The sickly dotard wants a wife. Prior.

DOTARDLY Do"tard*ly, a.

Defn: Foolish; weak. Dr. H. More.

DOTARY Do"ta*ry, n.

Defn: A dotard's weakness; dotage. [Obs.] Drayton.

DOTATION Do*ta"tion, n. Etym: [LL. dotatio, fr. L. dotare to endow, fr. dos, dotis, dower: cf. F. dotation. See Dot dowry.]

1. The act of endowing, or bestowing a marriage portion on a woman.

2. Endowment; establishment of funds for support, as of a hospital or eleemosynary corporation. Blackstone.

DOTE Dote, n. Etym: [See Dot dowry.]

1. A marriage portion. [Obs.] See 1st Dot, n. Wyatt.

2. pl.

Defn: Natural endowments. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

DOTE Dote, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Doted;p. pr. & vb. n. Doting.] Etym: [OE. doten; akin to OD. doten, D. dutten, to doze, Icel. dotta to nod from sleep, MHG. t to keep still: cf. F. doter, OF. radoter (to dote, rave, talk idly or senselessly), which are from the same source.] [Written also doat.]

1. To act foolishly. [Obs.] He wol make him doten anon right. Chaucer.

2. To be weak-minded, silly, or idiotic; to have the intellect impaired, especially by age, so that the mind wanders or wavers; to drivel. Time has made you dote, and vainly tell Of arms imagined in your lonely cell. Dryden. He survived the use of his reason, grew infatuated, and doted long before he died. South.

3. To be excessively or foolishly fond; to love to excess; to be weakly affectionate; -- with on or upon; as, the mother dotes on her child. Sing, siren, for thyself, and I will dote. Shak. What dust we dote on, when 't is man we love. Pope.

DOTE Dote, n.

Defn: An imbecile; a dotard. Halliwell.

DOTED Dot"ed, a.

1. Stupid; foolish. [Obs.] Senseless speech and doted ignorance. Spenser.

2. Half-rotten; as, doted wood. [Local, U. S.]

DOTEHEAD Dote"head`, n.

Defn: A dotard. [R.] Tyndale.

DOTER Dot"er, n.

1. One who dotes; a man whose understanding is enfeebled by age; a dotard. Burton.

2. One excessively fond, or weak in love. Shak.

DOTERY Dot"er*y, n.

Defn: The acts or speech of a dotard; drivel. [R.]

DOTH Doth, 3d pers. sing. pres.

Defn: of Do.

DOTING Dot"ing, a.

Defn: That dotes; silly; excessively fond. -- Dot"ing*ly, adv. -- Dot"ing*ness, n.

DOTISH Dot"ish, a.

Defn: Foolish; weak; imbecile. Sir W. Scott.

DOTTARD Dot"tard, n. Etym: [For Dotard ]

Defn: An old, decayed tree. [R.] Bacon.

DOTTED Dot"ted, a.

Defn: Marked with, or made of, dots or small spots; diversified with small, detached objects. Dotted note (Mus.), a note followed by a dot to indicate an increase of length equal to one half of its simple value; thus, a dotted semibreve is equal to three minims, and a dotted quarter to three eighth notes. -- Dotted rest, a rest lengthened by a dot in the same manner as a dotted note.

Note: Notes and rests are sometimes followed by two dots, to indicate an increase of length equal to three quarters of their simple value, and they are then said to be double-dotted.

DOTTEREL Dot"ter*el, a. Etym: [Cf. Dottard.]

Defn: Decayed. "Some old dotterel trees." [Obs.] Ascham.

DOTTEREL Dot"ter*el, n. Etym: [From Dote, v. i.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A European bird of the Plover family (Eudromias, or Charadrius, morinellus). It is tame and easily taken, and is popularly believed to imitate the movements of the fowler. In catching of dotterels we see how the foolish bird playeth the ape in gestures. Bacon.

Note: The ringed dotterel (or ring plover) is Charadrius hiaticula.

2. A silly fellow; a dupe; a gull. Barrow.

DOTTING PEN Dot"ting pen`.

Defn: See under Pun.

DOTTREL Dot"trel, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dotterel.

DOTTY Dot"ty, a. [From 2d Dot.]

1. Composed of, or characterized by, dots.

2. [Perh. a different word; cf. Totty.] Unsteady in gait; hence, feeble; half-witted. [Eng.]

DOTY Do"ty, a. Etym: [See Dottard.]

Defn: Half-rotten; as, doty timber. [Local, U. S.]

DOUANE Dou`ane", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A customhouse.

DOUANIER Dou`a"nier", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: An officer of the French customs. [Anglicized form douaneer.]

DOUAR Dou"ar, n. Etym: [F., fr. Ar. d.]

Defn: A village composed of Arab tents arranged in streets.

DOUAY BIBLE Dou"ay Bi"ble. Etym: [From Douay, or Douai, a town in France.]

Defn: A translation of the Scriptures into the English language for the use of English-speaking Roman Catholics; -- done from the Latin Vulgate by English scholars resident in France. The New Testament portion was published at Rheims, A. D. 1582, the Old Testament at Douai, A. D. 1609-10. Various revised editions have since been published. [Written also Doway Bible. Called also the Rheims and Douay version.]

DOUB GRASS Doub" grass`.(Bot.)

Defn: Doob grass.

DOUBLE Dou"ble, a. Etym: [OE. doble, duble, double, OF. doble, duble, double, F. double, fr. L. duplus, fr. the root of duo two, and perh. that of plenus full; akin to Gr. Two, and Full, and cf. Diploma, Duple.]

1. Twofold; multiplied by two; increased by its equivalent; made twice as large or as much, etc. Let a double portion of thy spirit be upon me. 2 Kings ii. 9. Darkness and tempest make a double night. Dryden.

2. Being in pairs; presenting two of a kind, or two in a set together; coupled. [Let] The swan, on still St. Mary's lake, Float double, swan and shadow. Wordsworth.

3. Divided into two; acting two parts, one openly and the other secretly; equivocal; deceitful; insincere. With a double heart do they speak. Ps. xii. 2.

4. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the petals in a flower considerably increased beyond the natural number, usually as the result of cultivation and the expense of the stamens, or stamens and pistils. The white water lily and some other plants have their blossoms naturally double.

Note: Double is often used as the first part of a compound word, generally denoting two ways, or twice the number, quantity, force, etc., twofold, or having two. Double base, or Double bass (Mus.), the largest and lowest-toned instrument in the violin form; the contrabasso or violone. -- Double convex. See under Convex. -- Double counterpoint (Mus.), that species of counterpoint or composition, in which two of the parts may be inverted, by setting one of them an octave higher or lower. -- Double court (Lawn Tennis), a court laid out for four players, two on each side. -- Double dagger (Print.), a reference mark (||) next to the dagger (|) in order; a diesis. -- Double drum (Mus.), a large drum that is beaten at both ends. -- Double eagle, a gold coin of the United States having the value of 20 dollars. -- Double entry. See under Bookkeeping. -- Double floor (Arch.), a floor in which binding joists support flooring joists above and ceiling joists below. See Illust. of Double-framed floor. -- Double flower. See Double, a., 4. -- Double-framed floor (Arch.), a double floor having girders into which the binding joists are framed. -- Double fugue (Mus.), a fugue on two subjects. -- Double letter. (a) (Print.) Two letters on one shank; a ligature. (b) A mail requiring double postage. -- Double note (Mus.), a note of double the length of the semibreve; a breve. See Breve. -- Double octave (Mus.), an interval composed of two octaves, or fifteen notes, in diatonic progression; a fifteenth. -- Double pica. See under Pica. -- Double play (Baseball), a play by which two players are put out at the same time. -- Double plea (Law), a plea alleging several matters in answer to the declaration, where either of such matters alone would be a sufficient bar to the action. Stephen. -- Double point (Geom.), a point of a curve at which two branches cross each other. Conjugate or isolated points of a curve are called double points, since they possess most of the properties of double points (see Conjugate). They are also called acnodes, and those points where the branches of the curve really cross are called crunodes. The extremity of a cusp is also a double point. -- Double quarrel. (Eccl. Law) See Duplex querela, under Duplex. -- Double refraction. (Opt.) See Refraction. -- Double salt. (Chem.) (a) A mixed salt of any polybasic acid which has been saturated by different bases or basic radicals, as the double carbonate of sodium and potassium, NaKCO3.6H2O. (b) A molecular combination of two distinct salts, as common alum, which consists of the sulphate of aluminium, and the sulphate of potassium or ammonium. -- Double shuffle, a low, noisy dance. -- Double standard (Polit. Econ.), a double standard of monetary values; i. e., a gold standard and a silver standard, both of which are made legal tender. -- Double star (Astron.), two stars so near to each other as to be seen separate only by means of a telescope. Such stars may be only optically near to each other, or may be physically connected so that they revolve round their common center of gravity, and in the latter case are called also binary stars. -- Double time (Mil.). Same as Double-quick. -- Double window, a window having two sets of glazed sashes with an air space between them.

DOUBLE Dou"ble, adv.

Defn: Twice; doubly. I was double their age. Swift.

DOUBLE Dou"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doubled; p. pr. & vb. n. Doubling.] Etym: [OE. doblen, dublen, doublen, F. doubler, fr. L. duplare, fr. duplus. See Double, a.]

1. To increase by adding an equal number, quantity, length, value, or the like; multiply by two; to double a sum of money; to double a number, or length. Double six thousand, and then treble that. Shak.

2. To make of two thicknesses or folds by turning or bending together in the middle; to fold one part upon another part of; as, to double the leaf of a book, and the like; to clinch, as the fist; -- often followed by up; as, to double up a sheet of paper or cloth. Prior. Then the old man Was wroth, and doubled up his hands. Tennyson.

3. To be the double of; to exceed by twofold; to contain or be worth twice as much as. Thus reënforced, against the adverse fleet, Still doubling ours, brave Rupert leads the way. Dryden.

4. To pass around or by; to march or sail round, so as to reverse the direction of motion. Sailing along the coast, the doubled the promontory of Carthage. Knolles.

5. (Mil.)

Defn: To unite, as ranks or files, so as to form one from each two.

DOUBLE Dou"ble, v. i.

1. To be increased to twice the sum, number, quantity, length, or value; to increase or grow to twice as much. 'T is observed in particular nations, that within the space of three hundred years, notwithstanding all casualties, the number of men doubles. T. Burnet.

2. To return upon one's track; to turn and go back over the same ground, or in an opposite direction. Doubling and turning like a hunted hare. Dryden. Doubling and doubling with laborious walk. Wordsworth.

3. To play tricks; to use sleights; to play false. What penalty and danger you accrue, If you be found to double. J. Webster.

4. (Print.)

Defn: To set up a word or words a second time by mistake; to make a doublet. To double upon (Mil.), to inclose between two fires.

DOUBLE Dou"ble, n.

1. Twice as much; twice the number, sum, quantity, length, value, and the like. If the thief be found, let him pay double. Ex. xxii. 7.

2. Among compositors, a doublet (see Doublet,

2.); among pressmen, a sheet that is twice pulled, and blurred.

3. That which is doubled over or together; a doubling; a plait; a fold. Rolled up in sevenfold double Of plagues. Marston.

4. A turn or circuit in running to escape pursues; hence, a trick; a shift; an artifice. These men are too well acquainted with the chase to be flung off by any false steps or doubles. Addison.

5. Something precisely equal or counterpart to another; a counterpart. Hence, a wraith. My charming friend . . . has, I am almost sure, a double, who preaches his afternoon sermons for him. Atlantic Monthly.

6. A player or singer who prepares to take the part of another player in his absence; a substitute.

7. Double beer; strong beer.

8. (Eccl.)

Defn: A feast in which the antiphon is doubled, hat is, said twice, before and after the Psalms, instead of only half being said, as in simple feasts. Shipley.

9. (Lawn Tennis)

Defn: A game between two pairs of players; as, a first prize for doubles.

10. (Mus.)

Defn: An old term for a variation, as in Bach's Suites.

DOUBLE-ACTING Dou"ble-act`ing, a.

Defn: Acting or operating in two directions or with both motions; producing a twofold result; as, a double-acting engine or pump.

DOUBLE-BANK Dou"ble-bank", v. t. (Naut.)

Defn: To row by rowers sitting side by side in twos on a bank or thwart. To double-bank an oar, to set two men to pulling one oar.

DOUBLE-BANKED Dou"ble-banked`, a.

Defn: Applied to a kind of rowing in which the rowers sit side by side in twos, a pair of oars being worked from each bank or thwart.

DOUBLE-BARRELED; DOUBLE-BARRELLED Dou"ble-bar`reled, or Dou"ble-bar`relled, a.

Defn: Having two barrels; -- applied to a gun.

DOUBLE-BEAT VALVE Dou"ble-beat` valve".

Defn: See under Valve.

DOUBLE-BREASTED Dou"ble-breast`ed, a.

Defn: Folding or lapping over on the breast, with a row of buttons and buttonholes on each side; as, a double-breasted coat.

DOUBLE-CHARGE Dou"ble-charge`, v. t.

1. To load with a double charge, as of gunpowder.

2. To overcharge. Shak.

DOUBLE DEALER Dou"ble deal"er.

Defn: One who practices double dealing; a deceitful, trickish person. L'Estrange.

DOUBLE DEALING Dou"ble deal"ing.

Defn: False or deceitful dealing. See Double dealing, under Dealing. Shak.

DOUBLE-DECKER Dou"ble-deck"er, n.

1. (Naut.)

Defn: A man-of-war having two gun decks.

2. A public conveyance, as a street car, with seats on the roof. [Colloq.]

DOUBLE-DYE Dou"ble-dye`, v. t.

Defn: To dye again or twice over. To double-dye their robes in scarlet. J. Webster.

DOUBLE-DYED Dou"ble-dyed`, a.

Defn: Dyed twice; thoroughly or intensely colored; hence; firmly fixed in opinions or habits; as, a double-dyed villain.

DOUBLE-ENDER Dou"ble-end"er, n. (a) (Naut.) A vessel capable of moving in either direction, having bow and rudder at each end. (b) (Railroad)

Defn: A locomotive with pilot at each end. Knight.

DOUBLE-ENTENDRE Dou"ble-en*ten"dre, n. Etym: [F. double double + entendre to mean. This is a barbarous compound of French words. The true French equivalent is double entente.]

Defn: A word or expression admitting of a double interpretation, one of which is often obscure or indelicate.

DOUBLE-EYED Dou"ble-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having a deceitful look. [R.] "Deceitful meanings is double- eyed." Spenser.

DOUBLE-FACED Dou"ble-faced`, a.

1. Having two faces designed for use; as, a double-faced hammer.

2. Deceitful; hypocritical; treacherous. Milton.

DOUBLE FIRST Dou"ble first`. (Eng. Universities) (a) A degree of the first class both in classics and mathematics. (b) One who gains at examinations the highest honor both in the classics and the mathematics. Beaconsfield.

DOUBLEGANGER Dou"ble*gang`er, n. [G. doppelgänger; doppel double + gänger walker.]

Defn: An apparition or double of a living person; a doppelgänger.

Either you are Hereward, or you are his doubleganger. C. Kingsley.

DOUBLE-HANDED Dou"ble-hand"ed, a.

1. Having two hands.

2. Deceitful; deceptive. Glanvill.

DOUBLE-HEADED Dou"ble-head"ed, a.

Defn: Having two heads; bicipital. Double-headed rail (Railroad), a rail whose flanges are duplicates, so that when one is worn the other may be turned uppermost.

DOUBLEHEARTED Dou"ble*heart"ed, a.

Defn: Having a false heart; deceitful; treacherous. Sandys.

DOUBLE-HUNG Dou"ble-hung`, a.

Defn: Having both sashes hung with weights and cords; -- said of a window.

DOUBLE-LOCK Dou"ble-lock`, v. t.

Defn: To lock with two bolts; to fasten with double security. Tatler.

DOUBLE-MILLED Dou"ble-milled`, a.

Defn: Twice milled or fulled, to render more compact or fine; -- said of cloth; as, double-milled kerseymere.

DOUBLEMINDED Dou"ble*mind"ed, a.

Defn: Having different minds at different times; unsettled; undetermined. A double-minded man is unstable in all his ways. Jas. i. 8.

DOUBLENESS Dou"ble*ness, n.

1. The state of being double or doubled.

2. Duplicity; insincerity. Chaucer.

DOUBLE PEDRO Double pedro.

Defn: Cinch (the game).

DOUBLE-QUICK Dou"ble-quick`, a. (Mil.)

Defn: Of, or performed in, the fastest time or step in marching, next to the run; as, a double-quick step or march.

DOUBLE-QUICK Dou"ble-quick`, n.

Defn: Double-quick time, step, or march.

Note: Double-quick time requires 165 steps, each 33 inches in length, to be taken in one minute. The number of steps may be increased up to 180 per minute.

DOUBLE-QUICK Dou"ble-quick`, v. i. & t. (Mil.)

Defn: To move, or cause to move, in double-quick time.

DOUBLER Dou"bler, n.

1. One who, or that which, doubles.

2. (Elec.)

Defn: An instrument for augmenting a very small quantity of electricity, so as to render it manifest by sparks or the electroscope.

DOUBLE-RIPPER Dou"ble-rip"per, n.

Defn: A kind of coasting sled, made of two sleds fastened together with a board, one before the other. [Local, U. S.]

DOUBLE-SHADE Dou"ble-shade`, v. t.

Defn: To double the natural darkness of (a place). Milton.

DOUBLE-SURFACED Dou"ble-sur"faced, a.

Defn: Having two surfaces; -- said specif. of aëroplane wings or aërocurves which are covered on both sides with fabric, etc., thus completely inclosing their frames.

DOUBLET Doub"let, n. Etym: [In sense 3, OF. doublet; in sense 4, F. doublet, dim. of double double. See Double, a.]

1. Two of the same kind; a pair; a couple.

2. (Print.)

Defn: A word or words unintentionally doubled or set up a second time.

3. A close-fitting garment for men, covering the body from the neck to the waist or a little below. It was worn in Western Europe from the 15th to the 17th century.

4. (Lapidary Work)

Defn: A counterfeit gem, composed of two pieces of crystal, with a color them, and thus giving the appearance of a naturally colored gem. Also, a piece of paste or glass covered by a veneer of real stone.

5. (Opt.)

Defn: An arrangement of two lenses for a microscope, designed to correct spherical aberration and chromatic dispersion, thus rendering the image of an object more clear and distinct. W. H. Wollaston.

6. pl. (See No. 1.)

Defn: Two dice, each of which, when thrown, has the same number of spots on the face lying uppermost; as, to throw doublets.

7. pl. Etym: [Cf. Pr. doblier, dobler draughtboard.]

Defn: A game somewhat like backgammon. Halliwell.

8. One of two or more words in the same language derived by different courses from the same original from; as, crypt and grot are doublets; also, guard and ward; yard and garden; abridge and abbreviate, etc.

DOUBLETHREADED Dou"ble*thread`ed, a.

1. Consisting of two threads twisted together; using two threads.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: Having two screw threads instead of one; -- said of a screw in which the pitch is equal to twice the distance between the centers of adjacent threads.

DOUBLE-TONGUE Dou"ble-tongue`, n.

Defn: Deceit; duplicity. Now cometh the sin of double-tongue, such as speak fair before folk and wickedly behind. Chaucer.

DOUBLE-TONGUED Dou"ble-tongued`, a.

Defn: Making contrary declarations on the same subject; deceitful. Likewise must the deacons be grave, not double-tongued. 1 Tim. iii. 8.

DOUBLE-TONGUING Dou"ble-tongu`ing, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A peculiar action of the tongue by flute players in articulating staccato notes; also, the rapid repetition of notes in cornet playing.

DOUBLETREE Dou"ble*tree`, n.

Defn: The bar, or crosspiece, of a carriage, to which the singletrees are attached.

DOUBLETS Doub"lets, n. pl.

Defn: See Doublet, 6 and 7.

DOUBLING Dou"bling, n.

1. The act of one that doubles; a making double; reduplication; also, that which is doubled.

2. A turning and winding; as, the doubling of a hunted hare; shift; trick; artifice. Dryden.

3. (Her.)

Defn: The lining of the mantle borne about the shield or escutcheon.

4. The process of redistilling spirits, to improve the strength and flavor. Doubling a cape, promontory, etc. (Naut.), sailing around or passing beyond a cape, promontory, etc.

DOUBLOON Doub*loon", n. Etym: [F. doublon, Sp. doblon. See Double, a., and cf. Dupion.]

Defn: A Spanish gold coin, no longer issued, varying in value at different times from over fifteen dollars to about five. See Doblon in Sup.

DOUBLURE Dou`blure", n. [F.]

1. (Bookbinding) The lining of a book cover, esp. one of unusual sort, as of tooled leather, painted vellum, rich brocade, or the like.

2. (Paleon.) The reflexed margin of the trilobite carapace.

DOUBLY Dou"bly, adv.

1. In twice the quantity; to twice the degree; as, doubly wise or good; to be doubly sensible of an obligation. Dryden.

2. Deceitfully. "A man that deals doubly." Huloet.

DOUBT Doubt, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dou; p. pr. & vb. n. Doubting.] Etym: [OE. duten, douten, OF. duter, doter, douter, F. douter, fr. L. dubitare; akin to dubius doubtful. See Dubious.]

1. To waver in opinion or judgment; to be in uncertainty as to belief respecting anything; to hesitate in belief; to be undecided as to the truth of the negative or the affirmative proposition; to b e undetermined. Even in matters divine, concerning some things, we may lawfully doubt, and suspend our judgment. Hooker. To try your love and make you doubt of mine. Dryden.

2. To suspect; to fear; to be apprehensive. [Obs.]

Syn. -- To waver; vacillate; fluctuate; hesitate; demur; scruple; question.

DOUBT Doubt, v. t.

1. To question or hold questionable; to withhold assent to; to hesitate to believe, or to be inclined not to believe; to withhold confidence from; to distrust; as, I have heard the story, but I doubt the truth of it. To admire superior sense, and doubt their own! Pope. I doubt not that however changed, you keep So much of what is graceful. Tennyson. To doubt not but. I do not doubt but I have been to blame. Dryden. We doubt not now But every rub is smoothed on our way. Shak.

Note: That is, we have no doubt to prevent us from believing, etc. (or notwithstanding all that may be said to the contrary) -- but having a preventive sense, after verbs of "doubting" and "denying" that convey a notion of hindrance. E. A. Abbott.

2. To suspect; to fear; to be apprehensive of. [Obs.] Edmond [was a] good man and doubted God. R. of Gloucester. I doubt some foul play. Shak. That I of doubted danger had no fear. Spenser.

3. To fill with fear; to affright. [Obs.] The virtues of the valiant Caratach More doubt me than all Britain. Beau. & Fl.

DOUBT Doubt, n. Etym: [OE. dute, doute, F. doute, fr. douter to doubt. See Doubt, v. i.]

1. A fluctuation of mind arising from defect of knowledge or evidence; uncertainty of judgment or mind; unsettled state of opinion concerning the reality of an event, or the truth of an assertion, etc.; hesitation. Doubt is the beginning and the end of our efforts to know. Sir W. Hamilton. Doubt, in order to be operative in requiring an acquittal, is not the want of perfect certainty (which can never exist in any question of fact) but a defect of proof preventing a reasonable assurance of quilt. Wharton.

2. Uncertainty of condition. Thy life shall hang in doubt before thee. Deut. xxviii. 66.

3. Suspicion; fear; apprehension; dread. [Obs.] I stand in doubt of you. Gal. iv. 20. Nor slack her threatful hand for danger's doubt. Spenser.

4. Difficulty expressed or urged for solution; point unsettled; objection. To every doubt your answer is the same. Blackmore. No doubt, undoubtedly; without doubt. -- Out of doubt, beyond doubt. [Obs.] Spenser.

Syn. -- Uncertainty; hesitation; suspense; indecision; irresolution; distrust; suspicion; scruple; perplexity; ambiguity; skepticism.

DOUBTABLE Doubt"a*ble, a. Etym: [OF. doutable, L. dubitabilis, from dubitare. Cf. Dubitable.]

1. Capable of being doubted; questionable.

2. Worthy of being feared; redoubtable. [Obs.]

DOUBTANCE Doubt"ance, n. Etym: [OF. doutance. Cf. Dubitancy.]

Defn: State of being in doubt; uncertainty; doubt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DOUBTER Doubt"er, n.

Defn: One who doubts; one whose opinion is unsettled; one who scruples.

DOUBTFUL Doubt"ful, a.

1. Not settled in opinion; undetermined; wavering; hesitating in belief; also used, metaphorically, of the body when its action is affected by such a state of mind; as, we are doubtful of a fact, or of the propriety of a measure. Methinks I should know you, and know this man; Yet I am doubtful. Shak. With doubtful feet and wavering resolution. Milton.

2. Admitting of doubt; not obvious, clear, or certain; questionable; not decided; not easy to be defined, classed, or named; as, a doubtful case, hue, claim, title, species, and the like. Beauty is but a vain and doubtful good. Shak. Is it a great cruelty to expel from our abode the enemy of our peace, or even the doubtful friend [i. e., one as to whose sincerity there may be doubts] Bancroft.

3. Characterized by ambiguity; dubious; as, a doubtful expression; a doubtful phrase.

4. Of uncertain issue or event. We . . . have sustained one day in doubtful fight. Milton. The strife between the two principles had been long, fierce, and doubtful. Macaulay.

5. Fearful; apprehensive; suspicious. [Obs.] I am doubtful that you have been conjunct And bosomed with her. Shak.

Syn. -- Wavering; vacillating; hesitating; undetermined; distrustful; dubious; uncertain; equivocal; ambiguous; problematical; questionable.

DOUBTFULLY Doubt"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In a doubtful manner. Nor did the goddess doubtfully declare. Dryden.

DOUBTFULNESS Doubt"ful*ness, n.

1. State of being doubtful.

2. Uncertainty of meaning; ambiguity; indefiniteness. " The doubtfulness of his expressions." Locke.

3. Uncertainty of event or issue. Bacon.

DOUBTING Doubt"ing, a.

Defn: That is uncertain; that distrusts or hesitates; having doubts. -- Doubt"ing*ly, adv.

DOUBTLESS Doubt"less, a.

Defn: Free from fear or suspicion. [Obs.] Pretty child, sleep doubtless and secure. Shak.

DOUBTLESS Doubt"less, adv.

Defn: Undoubtedly; without doubt.

DOUBTLESSLY Doubt"less*ly, adv.

Defn: Unquestionably. Beau. & Fl.

DOUBTOUS Doubt"ous, a. Etym: [OF. dotos, douteus, F. douteux.]

Defn: Doubtful. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DOUC Douc, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A monkey (Semnopithecus nemæus), remarkable for its varied and brilliant colors. It is a native of Cochin China.

DOUCE Douce, a. Etym: [F. doux, masc., douce, fem., sweet, fr. L. duleis sweet.]

1. Sweet; pleasant. [Obs.]

2. Sober; prudent; sedate; modest. [Scot.] And this is a douce, honest man. Sir W. Scott.

DOUCEPERE Douce"pere`, n. Etym: [F. les douze pairs the twelve peers of France, renowned in romantic fiction.]

Defn: One of the twelve peers of France, companions of Charlemagne in war. [Written also douzepere.] [Obs.] Big-looking like a doughty doucepere. Spenser.

DOUCET; DOWSET Dou"cet, Dow"set, n. Etym: [F. doucet sweet, dim. of doux. See Douce.]

1. A custard. [Obs.]

2. A dowcet, or deep's testicle.

DOUCEUR Dou`ceur", n. Etym: [F., fr. doux sweet. See Douce.]

1. Gentleness and sweetness of manner; agreeableness. Chesterfield.

2. A gift for service done or to be done; an honorarium; a present; sometimes, a bribe. Burke.

DOUCHE Douche, n. Etym: [F., fr. It. doccia, fr. docciare to flow, pour, fr. an assumed LL. ductiare, fr. L. ducere, ductum, to lead, conduct (water). See Duct.]

1. A jet or current of water or vapor directed upon some part of the body to benefit it medicinally; a douche bath.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A syringe.

DOUCINE Dou"cine, n. Etym: [F.] (Arch.)

Defn: Same as Cyma, under Cyma.

DOUCKER Douck"er, n. Etym: [From aouck, for duck. See Duck, v. t.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A grebe or diver; -- applied also to the golden-eye, pochard, scoter, and other ducks. [Written also ducker.] [Prov. Eng.]

DOUGH Dough, n. Etym: [OE. dagh, dogh, dow, AS. dah; akin to D. deeg, G. teig, Icel. deig, Sw. deg, Dan. deig, Goth. daigs; also, to Goth. deigan to knead, L. fingere to form, shape, Skr. dih to smear; cf. Gr. Feign, Figure, Dairy, Duff.]

1. Paste of bread; a soft mass of moistened flour or meal, kneaded or unkneaded, but not yet baked; as, to knead dough.

2. Anything of the consistency of such paste. To have one's cake dough. See under Cake.

DOUGH-BAKED Dough"-baked`, a.

Defn: Imperfectly baked; hence, not brought to perfection; unfinished; also, of weak or dull understanding. [Colloq.] Halliwell.

DOUGHBIRD Dough"bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Eskimo curlew (Numenius borealis). See Curlew.

DOUGHFACE Dough"face`, n.

Defn: A contemptuous nickname for a timid, yielding politician, or one who is easily molded. [Political cant, U. S.]

DOUGH-FACED Dough"-faced`, a.

Defn: Easily molded; pliable.

DOUGHFACEISM Dough"face`ism, n.

Defn: The character of a doughface; truckling pliability.

DOUGHINESS Dough"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being doughy.

DOUGH-KNEADED Dough"-knead`ed, a.

Defn: Like dough; soft. He demeans himself . . . like a dough-kneaded thing. Milton.

DOUGHNUT Dough"nut, n.

Defn: A small cake (usually sweetened) fried in a kettle of boiling lard.

DOUGHTILY Dough"ti*ly, adv.

Defn: In a doughty manner.

DOUGHTINESS Dough"ti*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being doughty; valor; bravery.

DOUGHTREN Dough"tren, n. pl. Etym: [See Daughter.]

Defn: Daughters. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DOUGHTY Dough"ty, a. [Compar. Doughtier; superl. Doughtiest.] Etym: [OE. duhti, dohti, douhti, brave, valiant, fit, useful, AS, dyhtig; akin to G. tüchtig, Dan. dygtig, Sw. dygdig virtuous, and fr. AS. dugan to avail, be of use, be strong, akin to D. deugen, OHG. tugan, G. taugen, Icel. & Sw. duga, Dan. due, Goth. dugan, but of uncertain origin; cf. Skr. duh to milk, give milk, draw out, or Gr.

Defn: Able; strong; valiant; redoubtable; as, a doughty hero. Sir Thopas wex [grew] a doughty swain. Chaucer. Doughty families, hugging old musty quarrels to their hearts, buffet each other from generation to generation. Motley.

Note: Now seldom used, except in irony or burlesque.

DOUGHY Dough"y, a.

Defn: Like dough; soft and heavy; pasty; crude; flabby and pale; as, a doughy complexion.

DOULOCRACY Dou*loc"ra*cy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A government by slaves. [Written also dulocracy.] Hare.

DOUM PALM Doum" palm` (doom" päm`).

Defn: See Doom palm.

DOUPE Doupe, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The carrion crow. [Written also dob.] [Prov. Eng.]

DOUR Dour, a. Etym: [Cf. F. dur, L. durus.]

Defn: Hard; inflexible; obstinate; sour in aspect; hardy; bold. [Scot.] A dour wife, a sour old carlin. C. Reade.

DOURA Dou"ra, n.

Defn: A kind of millet. See Durra.

DOUROUCOULI Dou`rou*cou"li, n.

Defn: See Durukuli.

DOUSE Douse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doused; p. pr. & vb. n. Dousing.] Etym: [Cf. Dowse, and OD. donsen to strike with the fist on the back, Sw. dunsa to fall down violently and noisily; perh. akin to E. din.]

1. To plunge suddenly into water; to duck; to immerse; to dowse. Bp. Stillingfleet.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To strike or lower in haste; to slacken suddenly; as, douse the topsail.

DOUSE Douse, v. i.

Defn: To fall suddenly into water. Hudibras.

DOUSE Douse, v. t. Etym: [AS. dwæscan. (Skeat.)]

Defn: To put out; to extinguish. [Slang] " To douse the glim." Sir W. Scott.

DOUSING-CHOCK Dous"ing-chock`, n. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: One of several pieces fayed across the apron and lapped in the knightheads, or inside planking above the upper deck. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

DOUT Dout, v. t. Etym: [Do + out. Cf. Doff.]

Defn: To put out. [Obs.] "It douts the light." Sylvester.

DOUTER Dout"er, n.

Defn: An extinguisher for candles. [Obs.]

DOVE Dove, n. Etym: [OE. dove, duve, douve, AS. d; akin to OS. d, D. duif, OHG. t, G. taube, Icel. d, Sw. dufva, Dan. due, Goth. d; perh. from the root of E. dive.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A pigeon of the genus Columba and various related genera. The species are numerous.

Note: The domestic dove, including the varieties called fantails, tumblers, carrier pigeons, etc., was derived from the rock pigeon (Columba livia) of Europe and Asia; the turtledove of Europe, celebrated for its sweet, plaintive note, is C. turtur or Turtur vulgaris; the ringdove, the largest of European species, is C. palumbus; the Carolina dove, or Mourning dove, is Zenaidura macroura; the sea dove is the little auk (Mergulus alle or Alle alle). See Turtledove, Ground dove, and Rock pigeon. The dove is a symbol of innocence, gentleness, and affection; also, in art and in the Scriptures, the typical symbol of the Holy Ghost.

2. A word of endearment for one regarded as pure and gentle. O my dove, . . . let me hear thy voice. Cant. ii. 14. Dove tick (Zoöl.), a mite (Argas reflexus) which infests doves and other birds. -- Soiled dove, a prostitute. [Slang]

DOVECOT; DOVECOTE Dove"cot`, Dove"cote`, n.

Defn: A small house or box, raised to a considerable height above the ground, and having compartments, in which domestic pigeons breed; a dove house. Like an eagle in a dovecote, I Fluttered your Volscians in Corioli. Shak.

DOVE-EYED Dove"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having eyes like a dove; meekeyed; as, dove-eyed Peace.

DOVEKIE Dove"kie, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A guillemot (Uria grylle), of the arctic regions. Also applied to the little auk or sea dove. See under Dove.

DOVELET Dove"let, n.

Defn: A young or small dove. Booth.

DOVELIKE Dove"like`, a.

Defn: Mild as a dove; gentle; pure and lovable. Longfellow.

DOVE PLANT Dove" plant`. (Bot.)

Defn: A Central American orchid (Peristeria elata), having a flower stem five or six feet high, with numerous globose white fragrant flowers. The column in the center of the flower resembles a dove; -- called also Holy Spirit plant.

DOVER'S POWDER Do"ver's Pow"der. Etym: [From Dr. Dover, an English physician.] (Med.)

Defn: A powder of ipecac and opium, compounded, in the United States, with sugar of milk, but in England (as formerly in the United States) with sulphate of potash, and in France (as in Dr. Dover's original prescription) with nitrate and sulphate of potash and licorice. It is an anodyne diaphoretic.

DOVE'S-FOOT Dove's"-foot`, n. (Bot.) (a) A small annual species of Geranium, native in England; -- so called from the shape of the leaf. (b) The columbine. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DOVESHIP Dove"ship, n.

Defn: The possession of dovelike qualities, harmlessness and innocence. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

DOVETAIL Dove"tail`, n. (Carp.)

Defn: A flaring tenon, or tongue (shaped like a bird's tail spread), and a mortise, or socket, into which it fits tightly, making an interlocking joint between two pieces which resists pulling a part in all directions except one. Dovetail molding (Arch.), a molding of any convex section arranged in a sort of zigzag, like a series of dovetails. -- Dovetail saw (Carp.), a saw used in dovetailing.

DOVETAIL Dove"tail`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dovetailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dovetailing.]

1. (Carp.) (a) To cut to a dovetail. (b) To join by means of dovetails.

2. To fit in or connect strongly, skillfully, or nicely; to fit ingeniously or complexly. He put together a piece of joinery so crossly indented and whimsically dovetailed . . . that it was indeed a very curious show. Burke.

DOVISH Dov"ish, a.

Defn: Like a dove; harmless; innocent. "Joined with dovish simplicity." Latimer.

DOW Dow, n.

Defn: A kind of vessel. See Dhow.

DOW Dow, v. t. Etym: [F. douer. See Dower.]

Defn: To furnish with a dower; to endow. [Obs.] Wyclif.

DOWABLE Dow"a*ble, a. Etym: [From Dow, v. t.]

Defn: Capable of being endowed; entitled to dower. Blackstone.

DOWAGER Dow"a*ger, n. Etym: [OF. douagiere, fr. douage dower. See Dower.]

1. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A widow endowed, or having a jointure; a widow who either enjoys a dower from her deceased husband, or has property of her own brought by her to her husband on marriage, and settled on her after his decease. Blount. Burrill.

2. A title given in England to a widow, to distinguish her from the wife of her husband's heir bearing the same name; -- chiefly applied to widows of personages of rank. With prudes for proctors, dowagers for deans. Tennyson. Queen dowager, the widow of a king.

DOWAGERISM Dow"a*ger*ism, n.

Defn: The rank or condition of a dowager; formality, as that of a dowager. Also used figuratively. Mansions that have passed away into dowagerism. Thackeray.

DOWCET Dow"cet, n. Etym: [See Doucet.]

Defn: One of the testicles of a hart or stag. [Spelt also doucet.] B. Jonson.

DOWDY Dow"dy, a. [Compar. Dowdier; superl. Dowdiest.] Etym: [Scot. dawdie slovenly, daw, da sluggard, drab, Prov. E. dowd flat, dead.]

Defn: Showing a vulgar taste in dress; awkward and slovenly in dress; vulgar-looking. -- Dow"di*ly, adv. -- Dow"di*ness, n.

DOWDY Dow"dy, n.; pl. Dowdies (.

Defn: An awkward, vulgarly dressed, inelegant woman. Shak. Dryden.

DOWDYISH Dow"dy*ish, a.

Defn: Like a dowdy.

DOWEL Dow"el, n. Etym: [Cf. G. döbel peg, F. douelle state of a cask, surface of an arch, douille socket, little pipe, cartridge.] (Mech.)

1. A pin, or block, of wood or metal, fitting into holes in the abutting portions of two pieces, and being partly in one piece and

## partly in the other, to keep them in their proper relative position.

2. A piece of wood driven into a wall, so that other pieces may be nailed to it. Dowel joint, a joint secured by a dowel or dowels. -- Dowel pin, a dowel. See Dowel, n.,

1.

DOWEL Dow"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Doweled or Dowelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Doweling or Dowelling.]

Defn: To fasten together by dowels; to furnish with dowels; as, a cooper dowels pieces for the head of a cask.

DOWER Dow"er, n. Etym: [F. douaire, LL. dotarium, from L. dotare to endow, portion, fr. dos dower; akin to Gr. dare to give. See 1st Date, and cf. Dot dowry, Dotation.]

1. That with which one is gifted or endowed; endowment; gift. How great, how plentiful, how rich a dower! Sir J. Davies. Man in his primeval dower arrayed. Wordsworth.

2. The property with which a woman is endowed; especially: (a) That which a woman brings to a husband in marriage; dowry. [Obs.] His wife brought in dower Cilicia's crown. Dryden. (b) (Law)

Defn: That portion of the real estate of a man which his widow enjoys during her life, or to which a woman is entitled after the death of her husband. Blackstone.

Note: Dower, in modern use, is and should be distinguished from dowry. The former is a provision for a widow on her husband's death; the latter is a bride's portion on her marriage. Abbott. Assignment of dower. See under Assignment.

DOWERED Dow"ered, p. a.

Defn: Furnished with, or as with, dower or a marriage portion. Shak.

DOWERLESS Dow"er*less, a.

Defn: Destitute of dower; having no marriage portion. Shak.

DOWERY Dow"er*y, n.

Defn: See Dower.

DOWITCHER Dow"itch*er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The red-breasted or gray snipe (Macrorhamphus griseus); -- called also brownback, and grayback.

DOWL Dowl, n.

Defn: Same as Dowle.

DOWLAS Dow"las, n. Etym: [Prob. fr. Doullens, a town of Picardy, in France, formerly celebrated for this manufacture.]

Defn: A coarse linen cloth made in the north of England and in Scotland, now nearly replaced by calico. Shak.

DOWLE Dowle, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. douille soft. Cf. Ductile.]

Defn: Feathery or wool-like down; filament of a feather. Shak. No feather, or dowle of a feather. De Quincey.

DOWN Down, n. Etym: [Akin to LG. dune, dun, Icel. d, Sw. dun, Dan. duun, G. daune, cf. D. dons; perh. akin to E. dust.]

1. Fine, soft, hairy outgrowth from the skin or surface of animals or plants, not matted and fleecy like wool; esp.: (a) (Zoöl.) The soft under feathers of birds. They have short stems with soft rachis and bards and long threadlike barbules, without hooklets. (b) (Bot.) The pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of certain plants, as of the thistle. (c) The soft hair of the face when beginning to appear. And the first down begins to shade his face. Dryden.

2. That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow; that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down When in the down I sink my head, Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath. Tennyson. Thou bosom softness, down of all my cares! Southern.

Down tree (Bot.), a tree of Central America (Ochroma Lagopus), the seeds of which are enveloped in vegetable wool.

DOWN Down, v. t.

Defn: To cover, ornament, line, or stuff with down. [R.] Young.

DOWN Down, n. Etym: [OE. dun, doun, AS. d; of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. d hill, fortified hill, Gael. dun heap, hillock, hill, W. din a fortified hill or mount; akin to E. town. See Town, and cf. Down, adv. & prep., Dune.]

1. A bank or rounded hillock of sand thrown up by the wind along or near the shore; a flattish-topped hill; -- usually in the plural. Hills afford prospects, as they must needs acknowledge who have been on the downs of Sussex. Ray. She went by dale, and she went by down. Tennyson.

2. A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the grazing of sheep; -- usually in the plural. [Eng.] Seven thousand broad-tailed sheep grazed on his downs. Sandys.

3. pl.

Defn: A road for shipping in the English Channel or Straits of Dover, near Deal, employed as a naval rendezvous in time of war. On the 11th [June, 1771] we run up the channel . . . at noon we were abreast of Dover, and about three came to an anchor in the Downs, and went ashore at Deal. Cook (First Voyage).

4. pl. Etym: [From the adverb.]

Defn: A state of depression; low state; abasement. [Colloq.] It the downs of life too much outnumber the ups. M. Arnold.

DOWN Down, adv. Etym: [For older adown, AS. ad, ad, prop., from or off the hill. See 3d Down, and cf. Adown, and cf. Adown.]

1. In the direction of gravity or toward the center of the earth; toward or in a lower place or position; below; -- the opposite of up.

2. Hence, in many derived uses, as: (a) From a higher to a lower position, literally or figuratively; in a descending direction; from the top of an ascent; from an upright position; to the ground or floor; to or into a lower or an inferior condition; as, into a state of humility, disgrace, misery, and the like; into a state of rest; -- used with verbs indicating motion. It will be rain to-night. Let it come down. Shak. I sit me down beside the hazel grove. Tennyson. And that drags down his life. Tennyson. There is not a more melancholy object in the learned world than a man who has written himself down. Addison. The French . . . shone down [i. e., outshone] the English. Shak.

(b) In a low or the lowest position, literally or figuratively; at the bottom of a decent; below the horizon; of the ground; in a condition of humility, dejection, misery, and the like; in a state of quiet. I was down and out of breath. Shak. The moon is down; I have not heard the clock. Shak. He that is down needs fear no fall. Bunyan.

3. From a remoter or higher antiquity. Venerable men! you have come down to us from a former generation. D. Webster.

4. From a greater to a less bulk, or from a thinner to a thicker consistence; as, to boil down in cookery, or in making decoctions. Arbuthnot.

Note: Down is sometimes used elliptically, standing for go down, come down, tear down, take down, put down, haul down, pay down, and the like, especially in command or exclamation. Down, therefore, and beg mercy of the duke. Shak. If he be hungry more than wanton, bread alone will down. Locke. Down is also used intensively; as, to be loaded down; to fall down; to hang down; to drop down; to pay down. The temple of Herè at Argos was burnt down. Jowett (Thucyd. ). Down, as well as up, is sometimes used in a conventional sense; as, down East. Persons in London say down to Scotland, etc., and those in the provinces, up to London. Stormonth. Down helm (Naut.), an order to the helmsman to put the helm to leeward. -- Down on or upon (joined with a verb indicating motion, as go, come, pounce), to attack, implying the idea of threatening power. Come down upon us with a mighty power. Shak. -- Down with, take down, throw down, put down; -- used in energetic command. "Down with the palace; fire it." Dryden. -- To be down on, to dislike and treat harshly. [Slang, U.S.] -- To cry down. See under Cry, v. t. -- To cut down. See under Cut, v. t. -- Up and down, with rising and falling motion; to and fro; hither and thither; everywhere. "Let them wander up and down." Ps. lix. 15.

DOWN Down, prep. Etym: [From Down, adv.]

1. In a descending direction along; from a higher to a lower place upon or within; at a lower place in or on; as, down a hill; down a well.

2. Hence: Towards the mouth of a river; towards the sea; as, to sail or swim down a stream; to sail down the sound. Down the country, toward the sea, or toward the part where rivers discharge their waters into the ocean. -- Down the sound, in the direction of the ebbing tide; toward the sea.

DOWN Down, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Downed; p. pr. & vb. n. Downing.]

Defn: To cause to go down; to make descend; to put down; to overthrow, as in wrestling; hence, to subdue; to bring down. [Archaic or Colloq.] "To down proud hearts." Sir P. Sidney. I remember how you downed Beauclerk and Hamilton, the wits, once at our house. Madame D'Arblay.

DOWN Down, v. i.

Defn: To go down; to descend. Locke.

DOWN Down, a.

1. Downcast; as, a down look. [R.]

2. Downright; absolute; positive; as, a down denial. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

3. Downward; going down; sloping; as, a down stroke; a down grade; a down train on a railway. Down draught, a downward draft, as in a flue, chimney, shaft of a mine, etc. -- Down in the mouth, chopfallen; dejected.

DOWNBEAR Down"bear`, v. t.

Defn: To bear down; to depress.

DOWNCAST Down"cast`, a.

Defn: Cast downward; directed to the ground, from bashfulness, modesty, dejection, or guilt. 'T is love, said she; and then my downcast eyes, And guilty dumbness, witnessed my surprise. Dryden. - Down"cast`ly, adv. -- Down"cast`ness, n.

DOWNCAST Down"cast`, n.

1. Downcast or melancholy look. That downcast of thine eye. Beau. & Fl.

2. (mining)

Defn: A ventilating shaft down which the air passes in circulating through a mine.

DOWNCOME Down"come`, n.

1. Sudden fall; downfall; overthrow. Milton.

2. (Iron Manuf.)

Defn: A pipe for leading combustible gases downward from the top of the blast furnace to the hot-blast stoves, boilers, etc., where they are burned.

DOWNCOMER Down"com`er, n. A pipe to conduct something downwards; specif.: (a) (Iron Manuf.) A pipe for leading the hot gases from the top of a blast furnace downward to the regenerators, boilers, etc. (b) (Steam Engin.) In some water-tube boilers, a tube larger in diameter than the water tubes to conduct the water from each top drum to a bottom drum, thus completing the circulation.

DOWNFALL Down"fall`, n.

1. A sudden fall; a body of things falling. Those cataracts or downfalls aforesaid. Holland. Each downfall of a flood the mountains pour. Dryden.

2. A sudden descent from rank or state, reputation or happiness; destruction; ruin. Dire were the consequences which would follow the downfall of so important a place. Motley.

DOWNFALLEN Down"fall`en, a.

Defn: Fallen; ruined. Carew.

DOWNFALLING Down"fall`ing, a.

Defn: Falling down.

DOWNGYVED Down"gyved`, a.

Defn: Hanging down like gyves or fetters. [Poetic & Rare] Shak.

DOWNHAUL Down"haul`, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A rope to haul down, or to assist in hauling down, a sail; as, a staysail downhaul; a trysail downhaul.

DOWNHEARTED Down"heart`ed, a.

Defn: Dejected; low-spirited.

DOWNHILL Down"hill`, adv.

Defn: Towards the bottom of a hill; as, water runs downhill.

DOWNHILL Down"hill`, a.

Defn: Declivous; descending; sloping. "A downhill greensward." Congrewe.

DOWNHILL Down"hill`, n.

Defn: Declivity; descent; slope. On th' icy downhills of this slippery life. Du Bartas (Trans. ).

DOWNINESS Down"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being downy.

DOWNLOOKED Down"looked`, a.

Defn: Having a downcast countenance; dejected; gloomy; sullen. [R.] Dryden.

DOWNLYING Down"ly`ing, n.

Defn: The time of retiring to rest; time of repose. Cavendish. At the downlying, at the travail in childbirth. [Scot.]

DOWNPOUR Down"pour`, n.

Defn: A pouring or streaming downwards; esp., a heavy or continuous shower.

DOWNRIGHT Down"right`, adv.

1. Straight down; perpendicularly.

2. In plain terms; without ceremony. We shall chide downright, id I longer stay. Shak.

3. Without delay; at once; completely. [Obs.] She fell downright into a fit. Arbuthnot.

DOWNRIGHT Down"right`, a.

1. Plain; direct; unceremonious; blunt; positive; as, he spoke in his downright way. A man of plain, downright character. Sir W. Scott.

2. Open; artless; undisguised; absolute; unmixed; as, downright atheism. The downright impossibilities charged upon it. South. Gloomy fancies which in her amounted to downright insanity. Prescott. -- Down"right`ly, adv. -- Down"right`ness, n.

DOWN-SHARE Down"-share`, n.

Defn: A breastplow used in paring off turf on downs. [Eng.] Knight.

DOWNSITTING Down"sit`ting, n.

Defn: The act of sitting down; repose; a resting. Thou knowest my downsitting and my uprising. Ps. cxxxix. 2.

DOWNSTAIRS Down"stairs, adv.

Defn: Down the stairs; to a lower floor. -- a.

Defn: Below stairs; as, a downstairs room.

DOWNSTEEPY Down"steep`y, a.

Defn: Very steep. [Obs.] Florio.

DOWNSTREAM Down"stream`, adv.

Defn: Down the stream; as, floating downstream.

DOWNSTROKE Down"stroke`, n. (Penmanship)

Defn: A stroke made with a downward motion of the pen or pencil.

DOWNTHROW Down"throw`, n. (Geol.)

Defn: The sudden drop or depression of the strata of rocks on one side of a fault. See Throw, n.

DOWNTROD; DOWNTRODDEN Down"trod`, Down"trod`den, a.

Defn: Trodden down; trampled down; abused by superior power. Shak.

DOWNWARD; DOWNWARDS Down"ward, Down"wards, adv. Etym: [AS. ad. See Down, adv., and - ward.]

1. From a higher place to a lower; in a descending course; as, to tend, move, roll, look, or take root, downward or downwards. "Looking downwards." Pope. Their heads they downward bent. Drayton.

2. From a higher to a lower condition; toward misery, humility, disgrace, or ruin. And downward fell into a groveling swine. Milton.

3. From a remote time; from an ancestor or predecessor; from one to another in a descending line. A ring the county wears, That downward hath descended in his house, From son to son, some four or five descents. Shak.

DOWNWARD Down"ward, a.

1. Moving or extending from a higher to a lower place; tending toward the earth or its center, or toward a lower level; declivous. With downward force That drove the sand along he took his way. Dryden.

2. Descending from a head, origin, or source; as, a downward line of descent.

3. Tending to a lower condition or state; depressed; dejected; as, downward thoughts. Sir P. Sidney.

DOWNWEED Down"weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Cudweed, a species of Gnaphalium.

DOWNWEIGH Down`weigh", v. t.

Defn: To weigh or press down. A different sin downweighs them to the bottom. Longfellow.

DOWN-WIND Down"-wind`, adv.

Defn: With the wind.

DOWNY Down"y, a.

1. Covered with down, or with pubescence or soft hairs. "A downy feather." Shak. Plants that . . . have downy or velvet rind upon their leaves. Bacon.

2. Made of, or resembling, down. Hence, figuratively: Soft; placid; soothing; quiet. "A downy shower." Keble. "Downy pillow." Pope. Time steals on with downy feet. Young.

3. Cunning; wary. [Slang, Eng.] Latham.

DOWRAL Dow"ral, a.

Defn: Of or relating to a dower. [R.]

DOWRESS Dow"ress, n.

Defn: A woman entitled to dower. Bouvier.

DOWRY Dow"ry, n.; pl. Dowries. Etym: [Contr. from dowery; cf. LL. dotarium. See Dower.]

1. A gift; endowment. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. The money, goods, or estate, which a woman brings to her husband in marriage; a bride's portion on her marriage. See Note under Dower. Shak. Dryden.

3. A gift or presents for the bride, on espousal. See Dower. Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give . . .; but give me the damsel to wife. Gen. xxxiv. 12.

DOWSE Dowse, v. t. Etym: [Cf. 1st Douse.]

1. To plunge, or duck into water; to immerse; to douse.

2. Etym: [Cf. OD. doesen to strike, Norw. dusa to break.]

Defn: To beat or thrash. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DOWSE Dowse, v. i.

Defn: To use the dipping or divining rod, as in search of water, ore, etc. Adams had the reputation of having dowsed successfully for more than a hundred wells. Eng. Cyc.

DOWSE Dowse, n.

Defn: A blow on the face. [Low] Colman.

DOWSER Dows"er, n.

1. A divining rod used in searching for water, ore, etc., a dowsing rod. [Colloq.]

2. One who uses the dowser or divining rod. Eng. Cyc.

DOWST Dowst, n.

Defn: A dowse. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

DOWVE Dow"ve, n.

Defn: A dove. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DOXOLOGICAL Dox`o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to doxology; giving praise to God. Howell.

DOXOLOGIZE Dox*ol"o*gize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Doxologized; p. pr. & vb. n. Doxologizing.]

Defn: To give glory to God, as in a doxology; to praise God with doxologies.

DOXOLOGY Dox*ol"o*gy, n.; pl. Doxologies. Etym: [LL. doxologia, Gr. doxologie. See Dogma, and Legend.]

Defn: In Christian worship: A hymn expressing praise and honor to God; a form of praise to God designed to be sung or chanted by the choir or the congregation. David breaks forth into these triumphant praises and doxologies. South.

DOXY Dox"y, n.; pl. Doxies. Etym: [See Duck a pet.]

Defn: A loose wench; a disreputable sweetheart. Shak.

DOYEN Doy`en", n. [F. See Dean.]

Defn: Lit., a dean; the senior member of a body or group; as, the doyen of French physicians. "This doyen of newspapers." A. R. Colquhoun.

DOYLY Doy"ly, n.

Defn: See Doily.

DOZE Doze, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dozed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dozing.] Etym: [Prob. akin to daze, dizzy: cf. Icel. d to doze, Dan. döse to make dull, heavy, or drowsy, dös dullness, drowsiness, dösig drowsy, AS. dw dull, stupid, foolish. Dizzy.]

Defn: To slumber; to sleep lightly; to be in a dull or stupefied condition, as if half asleep; to be drowsy. If he happened to doze a little, the jolly cobbler waked him. L'Estrange.

DOZE Doze, v. t.

1. To pass or spend in drowsiness; as, to doze away one's time.

2. To make dull; to stupefy. [Obs.] I was an hour . . . in casting up about twenty sums, being dozed with much work. Pepys. They left for a long time dozed and benumbed. South.

DOZE Doze, n.

Defn: A light sleep; a drowse. Tennyson.

DOZEN Doz"en, n.; pl. Dozen (before another noun), Dozens (. Etym: [OE. doseine, dosein, OF. doseine, F. douzaine, fr. douze twelve, fr. L. duodecim; duo two + decem ten. See Two, Ten, and cf. Duodecimal.]

1. A collection of twelve objects; a tale or set of twelve; with or without of before the substantive which follows. "Some six or seven dozen of Scots." "A dozen of shirts to your back." "A dozen sons." "Half a dozen friends." Shak.

2. An indefinite small number. Milton. A baker's dozen, thirteen; -- called also a long dozen.

DOZENTH Doz"enth, a.

Defn: Twelfth. [R.]

DOZER Doz"er, n.

Defn: One who dozes or drowses.

DOZINESS Doz"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dozy; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.

DOZY Doz"y, a.

Defn: Drowsy; inclined to doze; sleepy; sluggish; as, a dozy head. Dryden.

DOZZLED Doz"zled, a. [

Defn: Stupid; heavy. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DRAB Drab, n. Etym: [AS. drabbe dregs, lees; akin to D. drab, drabbe, dregs, G. treber; for sense 1, cf. also Gael. drabag a slattern, drabach slovenly. Cf. Draff.]

1. A low, sluttish woman. King.

2. A lewd wench; a strumpet. Shak.

3. A wooden box, used in salt works for holding the salt when taken out of the boiling pans.

DRAB Drab, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drabbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Drabbing.]

Defn: To associate with strumpets; to wench. Beau. & Fl.

DRAB Drab, n. Etym: [F. drap cloth: LL. drappus, trapus, perh. orig., a firm, solid stuff, cf. F. draper to drape, also to full cloth; prob. of German origin; cf. Icel. drepa to beat, strike, AS. drepan, G. treffen; perh. akin to E. drub. Cf. Drape, Trappings.]

1. A kind of thick woolen cloth of a dun, or dull brownish yellow, or dull gray, color; -- called also drabcloth.

2. A dull brownish yellow or dull gray color.

DRAB Drab, a.

Defn: Of a color between gray and brown. -- n.

Defn: A drab color.

DRABBER Drab"ber, n.

Defn: One who associates with drabs; a wencher. Massinger.

DRABBET Drab"bet, n.

Defn: A coarse linen fabric, or duck.

DRABBISH Drab"bish, a.

Defn: Somewhat drab in color.

DRABBISH Drab"bish, a.

Defn: Having the character of a drab or low wench. "The drabbish sorceress." Drant.

DRABBLE Drab"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drabbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Drabbling.] [Drab, Draff.]

Defn: To draggle; to wet and befoul by draggling; as, to drabble a gown or cloak. Halliwell.

DRABBLE Drab"ble, v. i.

Defn: To fish with a long line and rod; as, to drabble for barbels.

DRABBLER Drab"bler, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A piece of canvas fastened by lacing to the bonnet of a sail, to give it a greater depth, or more drop.

DRABBLE-TAIL Drab"ble-tail`, n.

Defn: A draggle-tail; a slattern. Halliwell.

DRACAENA Dra*cæ"na, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of liliaceous plants with woody stems and funnel-shaped flowers.

Note: Dracæna Draco, the source of the dragon's blood of the Canaries, forms a tree, sometimes of gigantic size.

DRACANTH Dra"canth, n.

Defn: A kind of gum; -- called also gum tragacanth, or tragacanth. See Tragacanth.

DRACHM Drachm, n. Etym: [See Drachma.]

1. A drachma.

2. Same as Dram.

DRACHMA Drach"ma, n.; pl. E. Drachmas, L. Drachmæ. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Dram.]

1. A silver coin among the ancient Greeks, having a different value in different States and at different periods. The average value of the Attic drachma is computed to have been about 19 cents.

2. A gold and silver coin of modern Greece worth 19.3 cents.

3. Among the ancient Greeks, a weight of about 66.5 grains; among the modern Greeks, a weight equal to a gram.

DRACHME Drach"me, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: See Drachma.

DRACIN Dra"cin, n.Etym: [Cf. F. dracine.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Draconin.

DRACO Dra"co, n. Etym: [L. See Dragon.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: The Dragon, a northern constellation within which is the north pole of the ecliptic.

2. A luminous exhalation from marshy grounds.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of lizards. See Dragon, 6.

DRACONIAN Dra*co"ni*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Draco, a famous lawgiver of Athens, 621 b. c. Draconian code, or Draconian laws, a code of laws made by Draco. Their measures were so severe that they were said to be written in letters of blood; hence, any laws of excessive rigor.

DRACONIC Dra*con"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to Draco, the Athenian lawgiver; or to the constellation Draco; or to dragon's blood.

DRACONIN Dra*co"nin, n. Etym: [Cf. F. draconine. See Draco.] (Chem.)

Defn: A red resin forming the essential basis of dragon's blood; -- called also dracin.

DRACONTIC Dra*con"tic, a. Etym: [From L. draco dragon, in allusion to the terms dragon's head and dragon's tail.] (Astron.)

Defn: Belonging to that space of time in which the moon performs one revolution, from ascending node to ascending node. See Dragon's head, under Dragon. [Obs.] "Dracontic month." Crabb.

DRACONTINE Dra*con"tine, a. Etym: [L. draco dragon.]

Defn: Belonging to a dragon. Southey.

DRACUNCULUS Dra*cun"cu*lus, n.; pl. Dracunculi. Etym: [L., dim. of draco dragon.] (Zoöl.) (a) A fish; the dragonet. (b) The Guinea worm (Filaria medinensis).

DRAD Drad, p. p. & a.

Defn: Dreaded. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRADDE Drad"de, imp.

Defn: of Dread. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRADGE Dradge, n. (Min.)

Defn: Inferior ore, separated from the better by cobbing. Raymond.

DRAFF Draff, n. Etym: [Cf. D. draf the sediment of ale, Icel. draf draff, husks. Cf. 1st Drab.]

Defn: Refuse; lees; dregs; the wash given to swine or cows; hogwash; waste matter. Prodigals lately come from swine keeping, from eating draff and husks. Shak. The draff and offal of a bygone age. Buckle. Mere chaff and draff, much better burnt. Tennyson.

DRAFF Draff, n. Etym: [The same word as draught. OE. draught, draht, fr. AS. dragan to draw. See Draw, and cf. Draught.]

1. The act of drawing; also, the thing drawn. Same as Draught. Everything available for draft burden. S. G. Goodrich.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: A selecting or detaching of soldiers from an army, or from any part of it, or from a military post; also from any district, or any company or collection of persons, or from the people at large; also, the body of men thus drafted. Several of the States had supplied the deficiency by drafts to serve for the year. Marshall.

3. An order from one person or party to another, directing the payment of money; a bill of exchange. I thought it most prudent to deter the drafts till advice was received of the progress of the loan. A. Hamilton.

4. An allowance or deduction made from the gross veight of goods. Simmonds.

5. A drawing of lines for a plan; a plan delineated, or drawn in outline; a delineation. See Draught.

6. The form of any writing as first drawn up; the first rough sketch of written composition, to be filled in, or completed. See Draught.

7. (Masonry) (a) A narrow border left on a finished stone, worked differently from the rest of its face. (b) A narrow border worked to a plane surface along the edge of a stone, or across its face, as a guide to the stone-cutter.

8. (Milling)

Defn: The slant given to the furrows in the dress of a millstone.

9. (Naut.)

Defn: Depth of water necessary to float a ship. See Draught.

10. A current of air. Same as Draught.

DRAFFISH Draff"ish, a.

Defn: Worthless; draffy. Bale.

DRAFFY Draff"y, a.

Defn: Dreggy; waste; worthless. The dregs and draffy part. Beau. & Fl.

DRAFT Draft, a.

1. Pertaining to, or used for, drawing or pulling (as vehicles, loads, etc.). Same as Draught.

2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or current of air. Same as Draught.

Note: The forms draft and draught, in the senses above-given, are both on approved use. Draft box, Draft engine, Draft horse, Draft net, Draft ox, Draft tube. Same as Draught box, Draught engine, etc. See under Draught.

DRAFT Draft, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drafted; p. pr. & vb. n. Drafting.]

1. To draw the outline of; to delineate.

2. To compose and write; as, to draft a memorial.

3. To draw from a military band or post, or from any district, company, or society; to detach; to select. Some royal seminary in Upper Egypt, from whence they drafted novices to supply their colleges and temples. Holwell.

4. To transfer by draft. All her rents been drafted to London. Fielding.

DRAFTSMAN Drafts"man, n.

Defn: See Draughtsman.

DRAG Drag, n. Etym: [See 3d Dredge.]

Defn: A confection; a comfit; a drug. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRAG Drag, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dragged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dragging.] Etym: [OE. draggen; akin to Sw. dragga to search with a grapnel, fr. dragg grapnel, fr. draga to draw, the same word as E. draw. Draw.]

1. To draw slowly or heavily onward; to pull along the ground by main force; to haul; to trail; -- applied to drawing heavy or resisting bodies or those inapt for drawing, with labor, along the ground or other surface; as, to drag stone or timber; to drag a net in fishing. Dragged by the cords which through his feet were thrust. Denham. The grossness of his nature will have weight to drag thee down. Tennyson. A needless Alexandrine ends the song That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along. Pope.

2. To break, as land, by drawing a drag or harrow over it; to harrow; to draw a drag along the bottom of, as a stream or other water; hence, to search, as by means of a drag. Then while I dragged my brains for such a song. Tennyson.

3. To draw along, as something burdensome; hence, to pass in pain or with difficulty. Have dragged a lingering life. Dryden. To drag an anchor (Naut.), to trail it along the bottom when the anchor will not hold the ship.

Syn. -- See Draw.

DRAG Drag, v. i.

1. To be drawn along, as a rope or dress, on the ground; to trail; to be moved onward along the ground, or along the bottom of the sea, as an anchor that does not hold.

2. To move onward heavily, laboriously, or slowly; to advance with weary effort; to go on lingeringly. The day drags through, though storms keep out the sun. Byron. Long, open panegyric drags at best. Gay.

3. To serve as a clog or hindrance; to hold back. A propeller is said to drag when the sails urge the vessel faster than the revolutions of the screw can propel her. Russell.

4. To fish with a dragnet.

DRAG Drag, n. Etym: [See Drag, v. t., and cf. Dray a cart, and 1st Dredge.]

1. The act of dragging; anything which is dragged.

2. A net, or an apparatus, to be drawn along the bottom under water, as in fishing, searching for drowned persons, etc.

3. A kind of sledge for conveying heavy bodies; also, a kind of low car or handcart; as, a stone drag.

4. A heavy coach with seats on top; also, a heavy carriage. [Collog.] Thackeray.

5. A heavy harrow, for breaking up ground.

6. (a) Anything towed in the water to retard a ship's progress, or to keep her head up to the wind; esp., a canvas bag with a hooped mouth, so used. See Drag sail (below). (b) Also, a skid or shoe, for retarding the motion of a carriage wheel. (c) Hence, anything that retards; a clog; an obstacle to progress or enjoyment. My lectures were only a pleasure to me, and no drag. J. D. Forbes.

7. Motion affected with slowness and difficulty, as if clogged. "Had a drag in his walk." Hazlitt.

8. (Founding)

Defn: The bottom part of a flask or mold, the upper part being the cope.

9. (Masonry)

Defn: A steel instrument for completing the dressing of soft stone.

10. (Marine Engin.)

Defn: The difference between the speed of a screw steamer under sail and that of the screw when the ship outruns the screw; or between the propulsive effects of the different floats of a paddle wheel. See Citation under Drag, v. i., 3. Drag sail (Naut.), a sail or canvas rigged on a stout frame, to be dragged by a vessel through the water in order to keep her head to the wind or to prevent drifting; -- called also drift sail, drag sheet, drag anchor, sea anchor, floating anchor, etc. -- Drag twist (Mining), a spiral hook at the end of a rod for cleaning drilled holes.

DRAGANTINE Dra*gan"tine, n. Etym: [See Dracanth.]

Defn: A mucilage obtained from, or containing, gun tragacanth.

DRAGBAR Drag"bar`, n.

Defn: Same as Drawbar (b). Called also draglink, and drawlink. [U. S.]

DRAGBOLT Drag"bolt`, n.

Defn: A coupling pin. See under Coupling. [U. S.]

DRAGEES Dra`gées", n. pl. Etym: [F. See 3d Dredge.] (Pharmacy)

Defn: Sugar-coated medicines.

DRAGGLE Drag"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Draggled; p. pr. & vb. n. Draggling.] Etym: [Freq. of drag. Drawl.]

Defn: To wet and soil by dragging on the ground, mud, or wet grass; to drabble; to trail. Gray. With draggled nets down-hanging to the tide. Trench.

DRAGGLE Drag"gle, v. i.

Defn: To be dragged on the ground; to become wet or dirty by being dragged or trailed in the mud or wet grass. Hudibras.

DRAGGLE-TAIL Drag"gle-tail`, n.

Defn: A slattern who suffers her gown to trail in the mire; a drabble-tail.

DRAGGLE-TAILED Drag"gle-tailed`, a.

Defn: Untidy; sluttish; slatternly. W. Irving.

DRAG LINE; DRAG ROPE Drag line or drag rope . (Aëronautics)

Defn: A guide rope.

DRAGLINK Drag"link`, n. (Mach.) (a) A link connecting the cranks of two shafts. (b) A drawbar.

DRAGMAN Drag"man, n.; pl. Dragmen (.

Defn: A fisherman who uses a dragnet. Sir M. Hale.

DRAGNET Drag"net`, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. drægnet.]

Defn: A net to be drawn along the bottom of a body of water, as in fishing.

DRAGOMAN Drag"o*man, n.; pl. Dragomans. Etym: [From F. dragoman, or Sp. dragoman, or It. dragomanno; all fr. LGr. tarjuman, from the same source as E. targum. Cf. Drogman, Truchman.]

Defn: An interpreter; -- so called in the Levant and other parts of the East.

DRAGON Drag"on, n. Etym: [F. dragon, L. draco, fr. Gr. dar to see), and so called from its terrible eyes. Cf. Drake a dragon, Dragoon.]

1. (Myth.)

Defn: A fabulous animal, generally represented as a monstrous winged serpent or lizard, with a crested head and enormous claws, and regarded as very powerful and ferocious. The dragons which appear in early paintings and sculptures are invariably representations of a winged crocodile. Fairholt.

Note: In Scripture the term dragon refers to any great monster, whether of the land or sea, usually to some kind of serpent or reptile, sometimes to land serpents of a powerful and deadly kind. It is also applied metaphorically to Satan. Thou breakest the heads of the dragons in the waters. Ps. lxxiv. 13. Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder; the young lion and the dragon shalt thou trample under feet. Ps. xci. 13. He laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which is the Devil and Satan, and bound him a thousand years. Rev. xx. 2.

2. A fierce, violent person, esp. a woman. Johnson.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: A constellation of the northern hemisphere figured as a dragon; Draco.

4. A luminous exhalation from marshy grounds, seeming to move through the air as a winged serpent.

5. (Mil. Antiq.)

Defn: A short musket hooked to a swivel attached to a soldier's belt; -- so called from a representation of a dragon's head at the muzzle. Fairholt.

6. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small arboreal lizard of the genus Draco, of several species, found in the East Indies and Southern Asia. Five or six of the hind ribs, on each side, are prolonged and covered with weblike skin, forming a sort of wing. These prolongations aid them in making long leaps from tree to tree. Called also flying lizard.

7. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A variety of carrier pigeon.

8. (Her.)

Defn: A fabulous winged creature, sometimes borne as a charge in a coat of arms.

Note: Dragon is often used adjectively, or in combination, in the sense of relating to, resembling, or characteristic of, a dragon. Dragon arum (Bot.), the name of several species of Arisæma, a genus of plants having a spathe and spadix. See Dragon root(below). -- Dragon fish (Zoöl.), the dragonet. -- Dragon fly (Zoöl.), any insect of the family Libellulidæ. They have finely formed, large and strongly reticulated wings, a large head with enormous eyes, and a long body; -- called also mosquito hawks. Their larvæ are aquatic and insectivorous. -- Dragon root (Bot.), an American aroid plant (Arisæma Dracontium); green dragon. -- Dragon's blood, a resinous substance obtained from the fruit of several species of Calamus, esp. from C. Rotang and C. Draco, growing in the East Indies. A substance known as dragon's blood is obtained by exudation from Dracæna Draco; also from Pterocarpus Draco, a tree of the West Indies and South America. The color is red, or a dark brownish red, and it is used chiefly for coloring varnishes, marbles, etc. Called also Cinnabar Græcorum. -- Dragon's head. (a) (Bot.) A plant of several species of the genus Dracocephalum. They are perennial herbs closely allied to the common catnip. (b) (Astron.) The ascending node of a planet, indicated, chiefly in almanacs, by the symbol Encyc. Brit. -- Dragon shell (Zoöl.), a species of limpet. -- Dragon's skin, fossil stems whose leaf scars somewhat resemble the scales of reptiles; -- a name used by miners and quarrymen. Stormonth. -- Dragon's tail (Astron.), the descending node of a planet, indicated by the symbol Dragon's head (above). -- Dragon's wort (Bot.), a plant of the genus Artemisia (A. dracunculus). -- Dragon tree (Bot.), a West African liliaceous tree (Dracæna Draco), yielding one of the resins called dragon's blood. See Dracæna. -- Dragon water, a medicinal remedy very popular in the earlier half of the 17th century. "Dragon water may do good upon him." Randolph (1640). -- Flying dragon, a large meteoric fireball; a bolide.

DRAGONET Drag"on*et, n.

1. A little dragon. Spenser.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small British marine fish (Callionymuslyra); -- called also yellow sculpin, fox, and gowdie.

DRAGONISH Drag"on*ish, a.

Defn: resembling a dragon. Shak.

DRAGONLIKE Drag"on*like`, a.

Defn: Like a dragon. Shak.

DRAGONNADE Drag`on*nade", n. Etym: [F., fr. dragon dragoon, because Louis XIV., in persecuting the Protestants of his kingdom, quartered dragoons upon them.]

Defn: The severe persecution of French Protestants under Louis XIV., by an armed force, usually of dragoons; hence, a rapid and devastating incursion; dragoonade. He learnt it as he watched the dragonnades, the tortures, the massacres of the Netherlands. C. Kingsley.

DRAGON'S BLOOD; DRAGON'S HEAD; DRAGON'S TAIL Drag"on's blood, Drag"on's head, Drag"on's tail.

Defn: See Dragon's blood, Dragon's head, etc., under Dragon.

DRAGOON Dra*goon", n. Etym: [F. dragon dragon, dragoon, fr. L. draco dragon, also, a cohort's standard (with a dragon on it). The name was given from the sense standard. See Dragon.]

1. ((Mil.)

Defn: Formerly, a soldier who was taught and armed to serve either on horseback or on foot; now, a mounted soldier; a cavalry man.

2. A variety of pigeon. Clarke. Dragoon bird (Zoöl.), the umbrella bird.

DRAGOON Dra*goon", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dragooned; p. pr. & vb. n. Dragooning.]

1. To harass or reduce to subjection by dragoons; to persecute by abandoning a place to the rage of soldiers.

2. To compel submission by violent measures; to harass; to persecute. The colonies may be influenced to anything, but they can be dragooned to nothing. Price. Lewis the Fourteenth is justly censured for trying to dragoon his subjects to heaven. Macaulay.

DRAGOONADE Drag`oon*ade", n.

Defn: See Dragonnade.

DRAGOONER Dra*goon"er, n.

Defn: A dragoon. [Obs.]

DRAIL Drail, v. t. & i. [

Defn: To trail; to draggle. [Obs.] South.

DRAIN Drain, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drained; p. pr. & vb. n. Draining.] Etym: [AS. drehnigean to drain, strain; perh. akin to E. draw.]

1. To draw off by degrees; to cause to flow gradually out or off; hence, to cause the exhaustion of. Fountains drain the water from the ground adjacent. Bacon. But it was not alone that the he drained their treasure and hampered their industry. Motley.

2. To exhaust of liquid contents by drawing them off; to make gradually dry or empty; to remove surface water, as from streets, by gutters, etc.; to deprive of moisture; hence, to exhaust; to empty of wealth, resources, or the like; as, to drain a country of its specie. Sinking waters, the firm land to drain, Filled the capacious deep and formed the main. Roscommon.

3. To filter. Salt water, drained through twenty vessels of earth, hath become fresh. Bacon.

DRAIN Drain, v. i.

1. To flow gradually; as, the water of low ground drains off.

2. To become emptied of liquor by flowing or dropping; as, let the vessel stand and drain.

DRAIN Drain, n.

1. The act of draining, or of drawing off; gradual and continuous outflow or withdrawal; as, the drain of specie from a country.

2. That means of which anything is drained; a channel; a trench; a water course; a sewer; a sink.

3. pl.

Defn: The grain from the mashing tub; as, brewers' drains. [Eng.] Halliwell. Box drain, Counter drain. See under Box, Counter. -- Right of drain (Law), an easement or servitude by which one man has a right to convey water in pipes through or over the estate of another. Kent.

DRAINABLE Drain"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being drained.

DRAINAGE Drain"age, n.

1. A draining; a gradual flowing off of any liquid; also, that which flows out of a drain.

2. The mode in which the waters of a country pass off by its streams and rivers.

3. (Engin.)

Defn: The system of drains and their operation, by which superfluous water is removed from towns, railway beds, mines, and other works.

4. Area or district drained; as, the drainage of the Po, the Thames, etc. Latham.

5. (Surg.)

Defn: The act, process, or means of drawing off the pus or fluids from a wound, abscess, etc. Drainage tube (Surg.), a tube introduced into a wound, etc., to draw off the discharges.

DRAINE Draine, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The missel thrush.

DRAINER Drain"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, drains.

DRAINING Drain"ing, vb. n. Etym: of Drain, v. t. (Agric.)

Defn: The art of carrying off surplus water, as from land. Draining tile. Same as Draintile.

DRAINPIPE Drain"pipe`, n.

Defn: A pipe used for carrying off surplus water.

DRAINTILE Drain"tile`, n.

Defn: A hollow tile used in making drains; -- called also draining tile.

DRAINTRAP Drain"trap`, n.

Defn: See 4th Trap, 5.

DRAKE Drake, n. Etym: [Akin to LG. drake, OHG. antrache, anetrecho, G. enterich, Icel. andriki, Dan. andrik, OSw. andrak, andrage, masc., and fr. AS. ened, fem., duck; akin to D. eend, G. ente, Icel. önd, Dan. and, Sw. and, Lith. antis, L. anas, Gr. ati a water fowl. rich. Cf. Gulaund.]

1. The male of the duck kind.

2. Etym: [Cf. Dragon fly, under Dragon.]

Defn: The drake fly. The drake will mount steeple height into the air. Walton. Drake fly, a kind of fly, sometimes used in angling. The dark drake fly, good in August. Walton.

DRAKE Drake, n. Etym: [AS. draca dragon, L. draco. See Dragon.]

1. A dragon. [Obs.] Beowulf resolves to kill the drake. J. A. Harrison (Beowulf).

2. A small piece of artillery. [Obs.] Two or three shots, made at them by a couple of drakes, made them stagger. Clarendon.

DRAKE Drake, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dravik, W. drewg, darnel, cockle, etc.]

Defn: Wild oats, brome grass, or darnel grass; -- called also drawk, dravick, and drank. [Prov. Eng.] Dr. Prior.

DRAKESTONE Drake"stone, n.

Defn: A flat stone so thrown along the surface of water as to skip from point to point before it sinks; also, the sport of so throwing stones; -- sometimes called ducks and drakes. Internal earthquakes, that, not content with one throe, run along spasmodically, like boys playing at what is called drakestone. De Quincey.

DRAM Dram, n. Etym: [OF. drame, F. drachme, L. drachma, drachm, drachma, fr. Gr. Drachm, Drachma.]

1. A weight; in Apothecaries' weight, one eighth part of an ounce, or sixty grains; in Avoirdupois weight, one sixteenth part of an ounce, or 27.34375 grains.

2. A minute quantity; a mite. Were I the chooser, a dram of well-doing should be preferred before many times as mush the forcible hindrance of evildoing. Milton.

3. As much spirituous liquor as is usually drunk at once; as, a dram of brandy; hence, a potation or potion; as, a dram of poison. Shak.

4. (Numis.)

Defn: A Persian daric. Ezra ii. 69. Fluid dram, or Fluid drachm. See under Fluid.

DRAM Dram, v. i. & t.

Defn: To drink drams; to ply with drams. [Low] Johnson. Thackeray.

DRAMA Dra"ma, n. Etym: [L. drama, Gr. daryti.]

1. A composition, in prose or poetry, accommodated to action, and intended to exhibit a picture of human life, or to depict a series of grave or humorous actions of more than ordinary interest, tending toward some striking result. It is commonly designed to be spoken and represented by actors on the stage. A divine pastoral drama in the Song of Solomon. Milton.

2. A series of real events invested with a dramatic unity and interest. "The drama of war." Thackeray. Westward the course of empire takes its way; The four first acts already past, A fifth shall close the drama with the day; Time's noblest offspring is the last. Berkeley. The drama and contrivances of God's providence. Sharp.

3. Dramatic composition and the literature pertaining to or illustrating it; dramatic literature.

Note: The principal species of the drama are tragedy and comedy; inferior species are tragi-comedy, melodrama, operas, burlettas, and farces. The romantic drama, the kind of drama whose aim is to present a tale or history in scenes, and whose plays (like those of Shakespeare, Marlowe, and others) are stories told in dialogue by actors on the stage. J. A. Symonds.

DRAMATIC; DRAMATICAL Dra*mat"ic, Dra*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. dramatique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the drama; appropriate to, or having the qualities of, a drama; theatrical; vivid. The emperor . . . performed his part with much dramatic effect. Motley.

DRAMATICALLY Dra*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dramatic manner; theatrically; vividly.

DRAMATIS PERSONAE Dram"a*tis per*so"næ. Etym: [L.]

Defn: The actors in a drama or play.

DRAMATIST Dram"a*tist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dramatiste.]

Defn: The author of a dramatic composition; a writer of plays.

DRAMATIZABLE Dram"a*ti`za*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being dramatized.

DRAMATIZATION Dram`a*ti*za"tion, n.

Defn: Act of dramatizing.

DRAMATIZE Dram"a*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dramatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Dramatizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. dramatiser.]

Defn: To compose in the form of the drama; to represent in a drama; to adapt to dramatic representation; as, to dramatize a novel, or an historical episode. They dramatized tyranny for public execration. Motley.

DRAMATURGIC Dram`a*tur"gic, a.

Defn: Relating to dramaturgy.

DRAMATURGIST Dram"a*tur`gist, n.

Defn: One versed in dramaturgy. Carlyle.

DRAMATURGY Dram"a*tur`gy, n. Etym: [Gr. work: cf. F. dramaturgie.]

Defn: The art of dramatic composition and representation.

DRAMMING Dram"ming, n.

Defn: The practice of drinking drams.

DRAMSELLER Dram"sell`er, n.

Defn: One who sells distilled liquors by the dram or glass.

DRAMSHOP Dram"shop`, n.

Defn: A shop or barroom where spirits are sold by the dram.

DRANK Drank, imp.

Defn: of Drink.

DRANK Drank, n. Etym: [Cf. 3d Drake.]

Defn: Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DRAP D'ETE Drap` d'é*té". Etym: [F., clot of summer.]

Defn: A thin woolen fabric, twilled like merino.

DRAPE Drape, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Draped; p. pr. & vb. n. Draping.] Etym: [F. draper, fr. drap cloth. See 3d Drab.]

1. To cover or adorn with drapery or folds of cloth, or as with drapery; as, to drape a bust, a building, etc. The whole people were draped professionally. De Quincey. These starry blossoms, [of the snow] pure and white, Soft falling, falling, through the night, Have draped the woods and mere. Bungay.

2. To rail at; to banter. [Obs.] Sir W. Temple.

DRAPE Drape, v. i.

1. To make cloth. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. To design drapery, arrange its folds, etc., as for hangings, costumes, statues, etc.

DRAPER Dra"per, n. Etym: [F. drapier.]

Defn: One who sells cloths; a dealer in cloths; as, a draper and tailor.

DRAPERIED Dra"per*ied, a.

Defn: Covered or supplied with drapery. [R.] Byron.

DRAPERY Dra"per*y, n.; pl. Draperies. Etym: [F. draperie.]

1. The occupation of a draper; cloth-making, or dealing in cloth. Bacon.

2. Cloth, or woolen stuffs in general. People who ought to be weighing out grocery or measuring out drapery. Macaulay.

3. A textile fabric used for decorative purposes, especially when hung loosely and in folds carefully disturbed; as: (a) Garments or vestments of this character worn upon the body, or shown in the representations of the human figure in art. (b) Hangings of a room or hall, or about a bed. Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams. Bryant. All the decent drapery of life is to be rudely torn off. Burke. Casting of draperies. See under Casting. The casting of draperies . . . is one of the most important of an artist's studies. Fairholt.

DRAPET Dra"pet, n. Etym: [Dim. of drap.]

Defn: Cloth. [Obs.] Spenser.

DRASTIC Dras"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. drastique. See Drama.] (Med.)

Defn: Acting rapidly and violently; efficacious; powerful; -- opposed to bland; as, drastic purgatives. -- n. (Med.)

Defn: A violent purgative. See Cathartic.

DRASTY Dras"ty, a. Etym: [AS. dærstan, dresten, dregs.]

Defn: Filthy; worthless. [Obs.] "Drasty ryming." Chaucer.

DRAUGH Draugh, n.

Defn: See Draft. [Obs.]

DRAUGHT Draught, n. Etym: [The same as draft, the spelling with gh indicating an older pronunciation. See Draft, n., Draw.]

1. The act of drawing or pulling; as: (a) The act of moving loads by drawing, as by beasts of burden, and the like. A general custom of using oxen for all sort of draught would be, perhaps, the greatest improvement. Sir W. Temple.

(b) The drawing of a bowstring. [Obs.] She sent an arrow forth with mighty draught. Spenser.

(c) Act of drawing a net; a sweeping the water for fish. Upon the draught of a pond, not one fish was left. Sir M. Hale.

(d) The act of drawing liquor into the mouth and throat; the act of drinking. In his hands he took the goblet, but a while the draught forbore. Trench.

(e) A sudden attack or drawing upon an enemy. [Obs.] By drawing sudden draughts upon the enemy when he looketh not for you. Spenser. (f) (Mil.)

Defn: The act of selecting or detaching soldiers; a draft (see Draft, n., 2) (g) The act of drawing up, marking out, or delineating; representation. Dryden.

2. That which is drawn; as: (a) That which is taken by sweeping with a net. Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a draught. Luke v. 4. He laid down his pipe, and cast his net, which brought him a very great draught. L'Estrange. (b) (Mil.)

Defn: The force drawn; a detachment; -- in this sense usually written draft. (c) The quantity drawn in at once in drinking; a potion or potation. Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, Slavery, . . . still thou art a bitter draught. Sterne. Low lies that house where nut-brown draughts inspired. Goldsmith.

(d) A sketch, outline, or representation, whether written, designed, or drawn; a delineation. A draught of a Toleration Act was offered to the Parliament by a private member. Macaulay. No picture or draught of these things from the report of the eye. South. (e) (Com.)

Defn: An order for the payment of money; -- in this sense almost always written draft. (f) A current of air moving through an inclosed place, as through a room or up a chimney. Thackeray. He preferred to go and sit upon the stairs, in . . . a strong draught of air, until he was again sent for. Dickens.

3. That which draws; as: (a) A team of oxen or horses. Blackstone. (b) A sink or drain; a privy. Shak. Matt. xv. 17. (c) pl. (Med.)

Defn: A mild vesicatory; a sinapism; as, to apply draughts to the feet.

4. Capacity of being drawn; force necessary to draw; traction. The Hertfordshire wheel plow . . . is of the easiest draught. Mortimer.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: The depth of water necessary to float a ship, or the depth a ship sinks in water, especially when laden; as, a ship of twelve feet draught.

6. (Com.)

Defn: An allowance on weighable goods. [Eng.] See Draft,

4.

7. A move, as at chess or checkers. [Obs.] Chaucer.

8. The bevel given to the pattern for a casting, in order that it may be drawn from the sand without injury to the mold.

9. (Masonry)

Defn: See Draft, n.,

7. Angle of draught, the angle made with the plane over which a body is drawn by the line in which the pulling force acts, when the latter has the direction best adapted to overcome the obstacles of friction and the weight of the body. -- Black draught. See under Black, a. -- Blast draught, or Forced draught, the draught produced by a blower, as by blowing in air beneath a fire or drawing out the gases from above it. -- Natural draught, the draught produced by the atmosphere flowing, by its own weight, into a chimney wherein the air is rarefied by heat. -- On draught, so as to be drawn from the wood (as a cask, barrel, etc.) in distinction from being bottled; as, ale on draught. -- Sheer draught. See under Sheer.

DRAUGHT Draught, a.

1. Used for drawing vehicles, loads, etc.; as, a draught beast; draught hooks.

2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or current of air.

3. Used in making drawings; as, draught compasses.

4. Drawn directly from the barrel, or other receptacle, in distinction from bottled; on draught; -- said of ale, cider, and the like.

Note: This word, especially in the first and second meanings, is often written draft, a spelling which is approved by many authorities. Draught box. See Draught tube, below. -- Draught engine (Mining), an engine used for pumping, raising heavy weights, and the like. -- Draught hook (Mil.), one of the hooks on a cannon carriage, used in drawing the gun backward and forward. -- Draught horse, a horse employed in drawing loads, plowing, etc., as distinguished from a saddle horse or carriage horse. -- Draught net, a seine or hauling net. -- Draught ox, an ox employed in hauling loads, plowing, etc. -- Draught tube (Water Wheels), an airtight pipe extending downward into the tailrace from a turbine wheel located above it, to make whole fall available; -- called also draught box.

DRAUGHT Draught (draft), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Draughted; p. pr. & vb. n. Draughting.]

1. To draw out; to call forth. See Draft. Addison.

2. To diminish or exhaust by drawing. [R.] The Parliament so often draughted and drained. Sir W. Scott.

3. To draw in outline; to make a draught, sketch, or plan of, as in architectural and mechanical drawing. Draughting room, a room draughtsmen to work in, and where plans are kept.

DRAUGHTBOARD Draught"board`, n.

Defn: A checkered board on which draughts are played. See Checkerboard.

DRAUGHTHOUSE Draught"house`, n.

Defn: A house for the reception of waste matter; a privy. [Obs.] 2 Kings x. 27.

DRAUGHTS Draughts, n. pl.

Defn: A mild vesicatory. See Draught, n., 3 (c).

DRAUGHTS Draughts, n. pl.

Defn: A game, now more commonly called checkers. See Checkers.

Note: Polish draughts is sometimes played with 40 pieces on a board divided into 100 squares. Am. Cyc.

DRAUGHTSMAN Draughts"man, n.; pl. Draughtsmen (.

1. One who draws pleadings or other writings.

2. One who draws plans and sketches of machinery, structures, and places; also, more generally, one who makes drawings of any kind.

3. A "man" or piece used in the game of draughts.

4. One who drinks drams; a tippler. [Obs.] Tatler.

DRAUGHTSMANSHIP Draughts"man*ship, n.

Defn: The office, art, or work of a draughtsman.

DRAUGHTY Draught"y, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a draught, or current of air; as, a draughtly, comfortless room.

DRAVE Drave

Defn: , old imp. of Drive. [Obs.]

DRAVIDA Dra"vi*da, n. pl. Etym: [Skr. Dravi, prob. meaning, Tamil.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: A race Hindostan, believed to be the original people who occupied the land before the Hindoo or Aryan invasion.

DRAVIDIAN Dra*vid"i*an, a. Etym: [From Skr. Dravi, the name of the southern portion of the peninsula of India.] (Ethnol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Dravida. Dravidian languages, a group of languages of Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms of the natives, before the invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. Of these languages, the Tamil is the most important.

DRAW Draw, v. t. [imp. Drew; p. p. Drawn; p. pr. & vb. n. Drawing.] Etym: [OE. dra, drahen, draien, drawen, AS. dragan; akin to Icel. & Sw. draga, Dan. drage to draw, carry, and prob. to OS. dragan to bear, carry, D. dragen, G. tragen, Goth. dragan; cf. Skr. dhraj to move along, glide; and perh. akin to Skr. dhar to hold, bear. Drag, Dray a cart, 1st Dredge.]

1. To cause to move continuously by force applied in advance of the thing moved; to pull along; to haul; to drag; to cause to follow. He cast him down to ground, and all along Drew him through dirt and mire without remorse. Spenser. He hastened to draw the stranger into a private room. Sir W. Scott. Do not rich men oppress you, and draw you before the judgment seats James ii. 6. The arrow is now drawn to the head. Atterbury.

2. To influence to move or tend toward one's self; to exercise an attracting force upon; to call towards itself; to attract; hence, to entice; to allure; to induce. The poet Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and floods. Shak. All eyes you draw, and with the eyes the heart. Dryden.

3. To cause to come out for one's use or benefit; to extract; to educe; to bring forth; as: (a) To bring or take out, or to let out, from some receptacle, as a stick or post from a hole, water from a cask or well, etc. The drew out the staves of the ark. 2 Chron. v. 9. Draw thee waters for the siege. Nahum iii. 14. I opened the tumor by the point of a lancet without drawing one drop of blood. Wiseman.

(b) To pull from a sheath, as a sword. I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy them. Ex. xv. 9.

(c) To extract; to force out; to elicit; to derive. Spirits, by distillations, may be drawn out of vegetable juices, which shall flame and fume of themselves. Cheyne. Until you had drawn oaths from him. Shak.

(d) To obtain from some cause or origin; to infer from evidence or reasons; to deduce from premises; to derive. We do not draw the moral lessons we might from history. Burke.

(e) To take or procure from a place of deposit; to call for and receive from a fund, or the like; as, to draw money from a bank. (f) To take from a box or wheel, as a lottery ticket; to receive from a lottery by the drawing out of the numbers for prizes or blanks; hence, to obtain by good fortune; to win; to gain; as, he drew a prize. (g) To select by the drawing of lots. Provided magistracies were filled by men freely chosen or drawn. Freeman.

4. To remove the contents of; as: (a) To drain by emptying; to suck dry. Sucking and drawing the breast dischargeth the milk as fast as it can generated. Wiseman.

(b) To extract the bowels of; to eviscerate; as, to draw a fowl; to hang, draw, and quarter a criminal. In private draw your poultry, clean your tripe. King.

5. To take into the lungs; to inhale; to inspire; hence, also, to utter or produce by an inhalation; to heave. "Where I first drew air." Milton. Drew, or seemed to draw, a dying groan. Dryden.

6. To extend in length; to lengthen; to protract; to stretch; to extend, as a mass of metal into wire. How long her face is drawn! Shak. And the huge Offa's dike which he drew from the mouth of Wye to that of Dee. J. R. Green.

7. To run, extend, or produce, as a line on any surface; hence, also, to form by marking; to make by an instrument of delineation; to produce, as a sketch, figure, or picture.

8. To represent by lines drawn; to form a sketch or a picture of; to represent by a picture; to delineate; hence, to represent by words; to depict; to describe. A flattering painter who made it his care To draw men as they ought to be, not as they are. Goldsmith. Can I, untouched, the fair one's passions move, Or thou draw beauty and not feel its power Prior.

9. To write in due form; to prepare a draught of; as, to draw a memorial, a deed, or bill of exchange. Clerk, draw a deed of gift. Shak.

10. To require (so great a depth, as of water) for floating; -- said of a vessel; to sink so deep in (water); as, a ship draws ten feet of water.

11. To withdraw. [Obs.] Chaucer. Go wash thy face, and draw the action. Shak.

12. To trace by scent; to track; -- a hunting term.

Note: Draw, in most of its uses, retains some shade of its original sense, to pull, to move forward by the application of force in advance, or to extend in length, and usually expresses an action as gradual or continuous, and leisurely. We pour liquid quickly, but we draw it in a continued stream. We force compliance by threats, but we draw it by gradual prevalence. We may write a letter with haste, but we draw a bill with slow caution and regard to a precise form. We draw a bar of metal by continued beating. To draw a bow, to bend the bow by drawing the string for discharging the arrow. -- To draw a cover, to clear a cover of the game it contains. -- To draw a curtain, to cause a curtain to slide or move, either closing or unclosing. "Night draws the curtain, which the sun withdraws." Herbert. -- To draw a line, to fix a limit or boundary. -- To draw back, to receive back, as duties on goods for exportation. -- To draw breath, to breathe. Shak. -- To draw cuts or lots. See under Cut, n. -- To draw in. (a) To bring or pull in; to collect. (b) To entice; to inveigle. -- To draw interest, to produce or gain interest. -- To draw off, to withdraw; to abstract. Addison. -- To draw on, to bring on; to occasion; to cause. "War which either his negligence drew on, or his practices procured." Hayward. -- To draw (one) out, to elicit cunningly the thoughts and feelings of another. -- To draw out, to stretch or extend; to protract; to spread out. -- "Wilt thou draw out thine anger to all generations" Ps. lxxxv. 5. "Linked sweetness long drawn out." Milton. -- To draw over, to cause to come over, to induce to leave one part or side for the opposite one. -- To draw the longbow, to exaggerate; to tell preposterous tales. -- To draw (one) to or on to (something), to move, to incite, to induce. "How many actions most ridiculous hast thou been drawn to by thy fantasy" Shak. -- To draw up. (a) To compose in due form; to draught; to form in writing. (b) To arrange in order, as a body of troops; to array. "Drawn up in battle to receive the charge." Dryden.

Syn. -- To Draw, Drag. Draw differs from drag in this, that drag implies a natural inaptitude for drawing, or positive resistance; it is applied to things pulled or hauled along the ground, or moved with toil or difficulty. Draw is applied to all bodies moved by force in advance, whatever may be the degree of force; it commonly implies that some kind of aptitude or provision exists for drawing. Draw is the more general or generic term, and drag the more specific. We say, the horses draw a coach or wagon, but they drag it through mire; yet draw is properly used in both cases.

DRAW Draw, v. i.

1. To pull; to exert strength in drawing anything; to have force to move anything by pulling; as, a horse draws well; the sails of a ship draw well.

Note: A sail is said to draw when it is filled with wind.

2. To draw a liquid from some receptacle, as water from a well. The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to draw with, and the well is deep. John iv. 11.

3. To exert an attractive force; to act as an inducement or enticement. Keep a watch upon the particular bias of their minds, that it may not draw too much. Addison.

4. (Med.)

Defn: To have efficiency as an epispastic; to act as a sinapism; -- said of a blister, poultice, etc.

5. To have draught, as a chimney, flue, or the like; to furnish transmission to smoke, gases, etc.

6. To unsheathe a weapon, especially a sword. So soon as ever thou seest him, draw; and as thou drawest, swear horrible. Shak.

7. To perform the act, or practice the art, of delineation; to sketch; to form figures or pictures. "Skill in drawing." Locke.

8. To become contracted; to shrink. "To draw into less room." Bacon.

9. To move; to come or go; literally, to draw one's self; -- with prepositions and adverbs; as, to draw away, to move off, esp. in racing, to get in front; to obtain the lead or increase it; to draw back, to retreat; to draw level, to move up even (with another); to come up to or overtake another; to draw off, to retire or retreat; to draw on, to advance; to draw up, to form in array; to draw near, nigh, or towards, to approach; to draw together, to come together, to collect.

10. To make a draft or written demand for payment of money deposited or due; -- usually with on or upon. You may draw on me for the expenses of your journey. Jay.

11. To admit the action of pulling or dragging; to undergo draught; as, a carriage draws easily.

12. To sink in water; to require a depth for floating. "Greater hulks draw deep." Shak. To draw to a head. (a) (Med.) To begin to suppurate; to ripen, as a boil. (b) Fig.: To ripen, to approach the time for action; as, the plot draws to a head.

DRAW Draw, n.

1. The act of drawing; draught.

2. A lot or chance to be drawn.

3. A drawn game or battle, etc. [Colloq.]

4. That part of a bridge which may be raised, swung round, or drawn aside; the movable part of a drawbridge. See the Note under Drawbridge. [U.S.]

DRAWABLE Draw"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being drawn.

DRAWBACK Draw"back`, n.

1. A lose of advantage, or deduction from profit, value, success, etc.; a discouragement or hindrance; objectionable feature. The avaridrawback from the wisdom ascribed to him. Hallam.

2. (Com.)

Defn: Money paid back or remitted; especially, a certain amount of duties or customs, sometimes the whole, and sometimes only a part, remitted or paid back by the government, on the exportation of the commodities on which they were levied. M

DRAWBAR Draw"bar`, n. (Railroad) (a) An openmouthed bar at the end of a car, which receives a coupling link and pin by which the car is drawn. It is usually provided with a spring to give elasticity to the connection between the cars of a train. (b) A bar of iron with an eye at each end, or a heavy link, for coupling a locomotive to a tender or car.

DRAWBENCH Draw"bench`, n. (Med.)

Defn: A machine in which strips of metal are drawn through a drawplate; especially, one in which wire is thus made; -- also called drawing bench.

DRAWBOLT Draw"bolt`, n. (Engin.)

Defn: A coupling pin. See under Coupling.

DRAWBORE Draw"bore`, n. (Joinery)

Defn: A hole bored through a tenon nearer to the shoulder than the holes through the cheeks are to the edge or abutment against which the shoulder is to rest, so that a pin or bolt, when driven into it, will draw these parts together. Weale.

DRAWBORE Draw"bore`, v. t.

1. To make a drawbore in; as, to drawbore a tenon.

2. To enlarge the bore of a gun barrel by drawing, instead of thrusting, a revolving tool through it.

DRAWBOY Draw"boy`, n. (Weaving)

Defn: A boy who operates the harness cords of a hand loom; also, a part of power loom that performs the same office.

DRAWBRIDGE Draw"bridge`, n.

Defn: A bridge of which either the whole or a part is made to be raised up, let down, or drawn or turned aside, to admit or hinder communication at pleasure, as before the gate of a town or castle, or over a navigable river or canal.

Note: The movable portion, or draw, is called, specifically, a bascule, balance, or lifting bridge, a turning, swivel, or swing bridge, or a rolling bridge, according as it turns on a hinge vertically, or on a pivot horizontally, or is pushed on rollers.

DRAWCANSIR Draw"can*sir, n. Etym: [From the name of a bullying braggart character in the play by George Villiers called "The Rehearsal."]

Defn: A blustering, bullying fellow; a pot-valiant braggart; a bully. The leader was of an ugly look and gigantic stature; he acted like a drawcansir, sparing neither friend nor foe. Addison.

DRAW-CUT Draw"-cut`, n.

Defn: A single cut with a knife.

DRAWEE Draw*ee", n. (Law)

Defn: The person on whom an order or bill of exchange is drawn; -- the correlative of drawer.

DRAWER Draw"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, draws; as: (a) One who draws liquor for guests; a waiter in a taproom. Shak. (b) One who delineates or depicts; a draughtsman; as, a good drawer. (c) (Law) One who draws a bill of exchange or order for payment; -- the correlative of drawee.

2. That which is drawn; as: (a) A sliding box or receptacle in a case, which is opened by pulling or drawing out, and closed by pushing in. (b) pl.

Defn: An under-garment worn on the lower limbs. Chest of drawers. See under Chest.

DRAWFILING Draw"fil`ing, n.

Defn: The process of smooth filing by working the file sidewise instead of lengthwise.

DRAWGEAR Draw"gear`, n.

1. A harness for draught horses.

2. (Railroad)

Defn: The means or parts by which cars are connected to be drawn.

DRAWGLOVES Draw"gloves`, n. pl.

Defn: An old game, played by holding up the fingers. Herrick.

DRAWHEAD Draw"head`, n. (Railroad)

Defn: The flanged outer end of a drawbar; also, a name applied to the drawgear.

DRAWING Draw"ing, n.

1. The act of pulling, or attracting.

2. The act or the art of representing any object by means of lines and shades; especially, such a representation when in one color, or in tints used not to represent the colors of natural objects, but for effect only, and produced with hard material such as pencil, chalk, etc.; delineation; also, the figure or representation drawn.

3. The process of stretching or spreading metals as by hammering, or, as in forming wire from rods or tubes and cups from sheet metal, by pulling them through dies.

4. (Textile Manuf.)

Defn: The process of pulling out and elongating the sliver from the carding machine, by revolving rollers, to prepare it for spinning.

5. The distribution of prizes and blanks in a lottery.

Note: Drawing is used adjectively or as the first part of compounds in the sense of pertaining to drawing, for drawing (in the sense of pulling, and of pictorial representation); as, drawing master or drawing-master, drawing knife or drawing-knife, drawing machine, drawing board, drawing paper, drawing pen, drawing pencil, etc. A drawing of tea, a small portion of tea for steeping. -- Drawing knife. See in the Vocabulary. -- Drawing paper (Fine Arts), a thick, sized paper for draughtsman and for water-color painting. -- Drawing slate, a soft, slaty substance used in crayon drawing; -- called also black chalk, or drawing chalk. -- Free-hand drawing, a style of drawing made without the use of guiding or measuring instruments, as distinguished from mechanical or geometrical drawing; also, a drawing thus executed.

DRAWING KNIFE; DRAWKNIFE Draw"ing knife", Draw"knife`, n.

1. A joiner's tool having a blade with a handle at each end, used to shave off surfaces, by drawing it toward one; a shave; -- called also drawshave, and drawing shave.

2. (Carp.)

Defn: A tool used for the purpose of making an incision along the path a saw is to follow, to prevent it from tearing the surface of the wood.

DRAWING-ROOM Draw"ing-room`, n. Etym: [Abbrev. fr. withdraw-ing-room.]

1. A room appropriated for the reception of company; a room to which company withdraws from the dining room.

2. The company assembled in such a room; also, a reception of company in it; as, to hold a drawing-room. He [Johnson] would amaze a drawing-room by suddenly ejaculating a clause of the Lord's Prayer. Macaulay. Drawing-room car. See Palace car, under Car.

DRAWL Drawl, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drawled; p. pr. & vb. n. Drawling.] Etym: [Prob. fr. draw: cf. D. dralen to linger, tarry, Icel. dralla to loiter. See Draw, and cf. Draggle.]

Defn: To utter in a slow, lengthened tone.

DRAWL Drawl, v. i.

Defn: To speak with slow and lingering utterance, from laziness, lack of spirit, affectation, etc. Theologians and moralists . . . talk mostly in a drawling and dreaming way about it. Landor.

DRAWL Drawl, n.

Defn: A lengthened, slow monotonous utterance.

DRAWLATCH Draw"latch`, n.

Defn: A housebreaker or thief. [Obs.] Old Play (1631).

DRAWLING Drawl"ing, n.

Defn: The act of speaking with a drawl; a drawl. -- Drawl"ing*ly, adv. Bacon.

DRAWLINK Draw"link`, n.

Defn: Same as Drawbar (b).

DRAWLOOM Draw"loom`, n.

1. A kind of loom used in weaving figured patterns; -- called also drawboy.

2. A species of damask made on the drawloom.

DRAWN Drawn, p. p. & a.

Defn: See Draw, v. t. & i. Drawn butter, butter melter and prepared to be used as a sort of gravy. -- Drawn fowl, an eviscerated fowl. -- Drawn game or battle, one in which neither party wins; one equally contested. -- Drawn fox, one driven from cover. Shak. -- Drawn work, ornamental work made by drawing out threads from fine cloth, and uniting the cross threads, to form a pattern.

DRAWNET Draw"net`, n.

Defn: A net for catching the larger sorts of birds; also, a dragnet. Crabb.

DRAWPLATE Draw"plate`, n.

Defn: A hardened steel plate having a hole, or a gradation of conical holes, through which wires are drawn to be reduced and elongated.

DRAWROD Draw"rod`, n. (Railroad)

Defn: A rod which unites the drawgear at opposite ends of the car, and bears the pull required to draw the train.

DRAWSHAVE Draw"shave`, n.

Defn: See Drawing knife.

DRAWSPRING Draw"spring`, n. (Railroad)

Defn: The spring to which a drawbar is attached.

DRAY Dray, n.

Defn: A squirrel's nest. Cowper.

DRAY Dray, n. Etym: [AS. dræge a dragnet, fr. dragan. . See Draw, and cf. 2d Drag, 1st Dredge.]

1. A strong low cart or carriage used for heavy burdens. Addison.

2. A kind of sledge or sled. Halliwell. Dray cart, a dray. -- Dray horse, a heavy, strong horse used in drawing a dray.

DRAYAGE Dray"age, n.

1. Use of a dray.

2. The charge, or sum paid, for the use of a dray.

DRAYMAN Dray"man, n.; pl. Draymen (.

Defn: A man who attends a dray.

DRAZEL Draz"el, n. Etym: [Cf. Dross, Drossel.]

Defn: A slut; a vagabond wench. Same as Drossel. [Obs.] Hudibras.

DREAD Dread, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dreaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Dreading.] Etym: [AS. dr, in comp.; akin to OS. dradan, OHG. tratan, both only in comp.]

Defn: To fear in a great degree; to regard, or look forward to, with terrific apprehension. When at length the moment dreaded through so many years came close, the dark cloud passed away from Johnson's mind. Macaulay.

DREAD Dread, v. i.

Defn: To be in dread, or great fear. Dread not, neither be afraid of them. Deut. i. 29.

DREAD Dread, n.

1. Great fear in view of impending evil; fearful apprehension of danger; anticipatory terror. The secret dread of divine displeasure. Tillotson. The dread of something after death. Shak.

2. Reverential or respectful fear; awe. The fear of you, and the dread of you, shall be upon every beast of the earth. Gen. ix. 2. His scepter shows the force of temporal power, The attribute to awe and majesty, Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings. Shak.

3. An object of terrified apprehension.

4. A person highly revered. [Obs.] "Una, his dear dread." Spenser.

5. Fury; dreadfulness. [Obs.] Spenser.

6. Doubt; as, out of dread. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Syn. -- Awe; fear; affright; terror; horror; dismay; apprehension. See Reverence.

DREAD Dread, a.

1. Exciting great fear or apprehension; causing terror; frightful; dreadful. A dread eternity! how surely mine. Young.

2. Inspiring with reverential fear; awful' venerable; as, dread sovereign; dread majesty; dread tribunal.

DREADABLE Dread"a*ble, a.

Defn: Worthy of being dreaded.

DREAD-BOLTED Dread"-bolt`ed, a.

Defn: Armed with dreaded bolts. "Dread-bolted thunder." [Poetic] Shak.

DREADER Dread"er, n.

Defn: One who fears, or lives in fear.

DREADFUL Dread"ful, a.

1. Full of dread or terror; fearful. [Obs.] "With dreadful heart." Chaucer.

2. Inspiring dread; impressing great fear; fearful; terrible; as, a dreadful storm. " Dreadful gloom." Milton. For all things are less dreadful than they seem. Wordsworth.

3. Inspiring awe or reverence; awful. [Obs.] "God's dreadful law." Shak.

Syn. -- Fearful; frightful; terrific; terrible; horrible; horrid; formidable; tremendous; awful; venerable. See Frightful.

DREADFULLY Dread"ful*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dreadful manner; terribly. Dryden.

DREADFULNESS Dread"ful*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being dreadful.

DREADINGLY Dread"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: With dread. Warner.

DREADLESS Dread"less, a.

1. Free from dread; fearless; intrepid; dauntless; as, dreadless heart. "The dreadless angel." Milton.

2. Exempt from danger which causes dread; secure. " safe in his dreadless den." Spenser.

DREADLESS Dread"less, adv.

Defn: Without doubt. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DREADLESSNESS Dread"less*ness, n.

Defn: Freedom from dread.

DREADLY Dread"ly, a.

Defn: Dreadful. [Obs.] "Dreadly spectacle." Spenser. -- adv.

Defn: With dread. [Obs.] "Dreadly to shake." Sylvester (Du Bartas).

DREADNAUGHT Dread"naught`, n.

1. A fearless person.

2. Hence: A garment made of very thick cloth, that can defend against storm and cold; also, the cloth itself; fearnaught.

DREADNOUGHT Dread"nought`, n.

1. A British battleship, completed in 1906 -- 1907, having an armament consisting of ten 12-inch guns, and of twenty-four 12-pound quick-fire guns for protection against torpedo boats. This was the first battleship of the type characterized by a main armament of big guns all of the same caliber. She has a displacement of 17,900 tons at load draft, and a speed of 21 knots per hour.

2. Any battleship having its main armament entirely of big guns all of one caliber. Since the Dreadnought was built, the caliber of the heaviest guns has increased from 12 in. to 13½ in., 14 in., and 15 in., and the displacement of the largest batteships from 18,000 tons to 30,000 tons and upwards. The term superdreadnought is popularly applied to battleships with such increased displacement and gun caliber.

DREAM Dream, n. Etym: [Akin to OS. dr, D. droom, G. traum, Icel. draumr, Dan. & Sw. dröm; cf. G. trügen to deceive, Skr. druh to harm, hurt, try to hurt. AS. dreám joy, gladness, and OS. dr joy are, perh., different words; cf. Gr.

1. The thoughts, or series of thoughts, or imaginary transactions, which occupy the mind during sleep; a sleeping vision. Dreams are but interludes which fancy makes. Dryden. I had a dream which was not all a dream. Byron.

2. A visionary scheme; a wild conceit; an idle fancy; a vagary; a revery; -- in this sense, applied to an imaginary or anticipated state of happiness; as, a dream of bliss; the dream of his youth. There sober thought pursued the amusing theme, Till Fancy colored it and formed a dream. Pope. It is not them a mere dream, but a very real aim which they propose. J. C. Shairp.

DREAM Dream, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dreamed or Dreamt (p. pr. & vb. n. Dreaming.] Etym: [Cf. AS. dr, dr, to rejoice. See Dream, n.]

1. To have ideas or images in the mind while in the state of sleep; to experience sleeping visions; -- often with of; as, to dream of a battle, or of an absent friend.

2. To let the mind run on in idle revery or vagary; to anticipate vaguely as a coming and happy reality; to have a visionary notion or idea; to imagine. Here may we sit and dream Over the heavenly theme. Keble. They dream on in a constant course of reading, but not digesting. Locke.

DREAM Dream, v. t.

Defn: To have a dream of; to see, or have a vision of, in sleep, or in idle fancy; -- often followed by an objective clause. Your old men shall dream dreams. Acts ii. 17. At length in sleep their bodies they compose, And dreamt the future fight. Dryden. And still they dream that they shall still succeed. Cowper. To dream away, out, through, etc., to pass in revery or inaction; to spend in idle vagaries; as, to dream away an hour; to dream through life. " Why does Antony dream out his hours" Dryden.

DREAMER Dream"er, n.

1. One who dreams.

2. A visionary; one lost in wild imaginations or vain schemes of some anticipated good; as, a political dreamer.

DREAMFUL Dream"ful, a.

Defn: Full of dreams. " Dreamful ease." Tennyson. -- Dream"ful*ly, adv.

DREAMILY Dream"i*ly, adv.

Defn: As if in a dream; softly; slowly; languidly. Longfellow.

DREAMINESS Dream"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dreamy.

DREAMINGLY Dream"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dreamy manner.

DREAMLAND Dream"land`, n.

Defn: An unreal, delightful country such as in sometimes pictured in dreams; region of fancies; fairyland. [He] builds a bridge from dreamland for his lay. Lowell.

DREAMLESS Dream"less, a.

Defn: Free from, or without, dreams. Camden. -- Dream"less*ly, adv.

DREAMY Dream"y, a. [Compar. Dreamier; superl. Dreamiest.]

Defn: Abounding in dreams or given to dreaming; appropriate to, or like, dreams; visionary. "The dreamy dells." Tennyson.

DREAR Drear, a. Etym: [See Dreary.]

Defn: Dismal; gloomy with solitude. "A drear and dying sound." Milton.

DREAR Drear, n.

Defn: Sadness; dismalness. [Obs.] Spenser.

DREARIHEAD; DREARIHOOD Drear"i*head, Drear"i*hood, n.

Defn: Affliction; dreariness. [Obs.] Spenser.

DREARILY Drear"i*ly, adv.

Defn: Gloomily; dismally.

DREARIMENT Drear"i*ment, n.

Defn: Dreariness. [Obs.] Spenser.

DREARINESS Drear"i*ness, n.

1. Sorrow; wretchedness. [Obs.]

2. Dismalness; gloomy solitude.

DREARING Drear"ing, n.

Defn: Sorrow. [Obs.] Spenser.

DREARISOME Drear"i*some, a.

Defn: Very dreary. Halliwell.

DREARY Drear"y, a. [Compar. Drearier; superl. Dreariest.] Etym: [OE. dreori, dreri, AS. dreórig, sad; akin to G. traurig, and prob. to AS. dreósan to fall, Goth. driusan. Cf. Dross, Drear, Drizzle, Drowse.]

1. Sorrowful; distressful. [Obs.] " Dreary shrieks." Spenser.

2. Exciting cheerless sensations, feelings, or associations; comfortless; dismal; gloomy. " Dreary shades." Dryden. "The dreary ground." Prior. Full many a dreary anxious hour. Keble. Johnson entered on his vocation in the most dreary part of that dreary interval which separated two ages of prosperity. Macaulay.

DRECCHE Drec"che, v. t. Etym: [AS. dreccan, dreccean.]

1. To vex; to torment; to trouble. [Obs.] As man that in his dream is drecched sore. Chaucer.

DRECCHE Drec"che, v. i.

Defn: To delay. [Obs.] Gower.

DREDGE Dredge, n. Etym: [F. drège, dreige, fish net, from a word akin to E. draw; cf. D. dreg, dregge, small anchor, dregnet dragnet. Draw.]

1. Any instrument used to gather or take by dragging; as: (a) A dragnet for taking up oysters, etc., from their beds. (b) A dredging machine. (c) An iron frame, with a fine net attached, used in collecting animals living at the bottom of the sea.

2. (Mining)

Defn: Very fine mineral matter held in suspension in water. Raymond.

DREDGE Dredge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dredged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dredging.]

Defn: To catch or gather with a dredge; to deepen with a dredging machine. R. Carew. Dredging machine, a machine (commonly on a boat) used to scoop up mud, gravel, or obstructions from the bottom of rivers, docks, etc., so as to deepen them.

DREDGE Dredge, n. Etym: [OE. dragge, F. dragée, dredge, also, sugar plum; cf. Prov. dragea, It. treggea; corrupted fr. LL. tragemata, pl., sweetmeats, Gr.

Defn: A mixture of oats and barley. [Obs.] Kersey.

DREDGE Dredge, v. t.

Defn: To sift or sprinkle flour, etc., on, as on roasting meat. Beau. & Fl. Dredging box. (a) Same as 2d Dredger. (b) (Gun.) A copper box with a perforated lid; -- used for sprinkling meal powder over shell fuses. Farrow.

DREDGER Dredg"er, n.

1. One who fishes with a dredge.

2. A dredging machine.

DREDGER Dredg"er, n. (Cookery)

Defn: A box with holes in its lid; -- used for sprinkling flour, as on meat or a breadboard; -- called also dredging box, drudger, and drudging box.

DREE Dree, v. t. Etym: [AS. dreógan to bear, endure, complete.]

Defn: To endure; to suffer. [Scot.]

DREE Dree, v. i.

Defn: To be able to do or endure. [Obs.]

DREE Dree, a.

Defn: Wearisome; tedious. [Prov. Eng.]

DREG Dreg, n. Etym: [Prob. from Icel. dregg; akin to Sw. drägg, cf. Icel. & Sw. draga to draw. Cf. Draw.]

Defn: Corrupt or defiling matter contained in a liquid, or precipitated from it; refuse; feculence; lees; grounds; sediment; hence, the vilest and most worthless part of anything; as, the dregs of society. We, the dregs and rubbish of mankind. Dryden.

Note: Used formerly (rarely) in the singular, as by Spenser and Shakespeare, but now chiefly in the plural.

DREGGINESS Dreg"gi*ness, n.

Defn: Fullness of dregs or lees; foulness; feculence.

DREGGISH Dreg"gish, a.

Defn: Foul with lees; feculent. Harvey.

DREGGY Dreg"gy, a.

Defn: Containing dregs or lees; muddy; foul; feculent. Boyle.

DREIBUND Drei"bund`, n. [G., fr. drei three + bund league.]

Defn: A triple alliance; specif., the alliance of Germany, Austria, and Italy, formed in 1882.

DREIN Drein, v. i.

Defn: To drain. [Obs.] Congreve.

DREINTE; DREINT Drein"te, imp., Dreint (,

Defn: p. p. of Drench to drown. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DREISSENA Dreis"se*na, n. Etym: [NL. Named after Dreyssen, a Belgian physician.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of bivalve shells of which one species (D. polymorpha) is often so abundant as to be very troublesome in the fresh waters of Europe.

DRENCH Drench, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drenched; p. pr. & vb. n. Drenching.] Etym: [AS. drencan to give to drink, to drench, the causal of drincan to drink; akin to D. drenken, Sw. dränka, G. tränken. See Drink.]

1. To cause to drink; especially, to dose by force; to put a potion down the throat of, as of a horse; hence. to purge violently by physic. As "to fell," is "to make to fall," and "to lay," to make to lie." so "to drench," is "to make to drink." Trench.

2. To steep in moisture; to wet thoroughly; to soak; to saturate with water or other liquid; to immerse. Now dam the ditches and the floods restrain; Their moisture has already drenched the plain. Dryden.

DRENCH Drench, n. Etym: [AS. drenc. See Drench, v. t.]

Defn: A drink; a draught; specifically, a potion of medicine poured or forced down the throat; also, a potion that causes purging. "A drench of wine." Dryden. Give my roan horse a drench. Shak.

DRENCH Drench, n. Etym: [AS. dreng warrior, soldier, akin to Icel. drengr.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: A military vassal mentioned in Domesday Book. [Obs.] Burrill.

DRENCHE Drench"e, v. t. & i.

Defn: To drown. [Obs.] In the sea he drenched. Chaucer.

DRENCHER Drench"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, west or steeps.

2. One who administers a drench.

DRENGAGE Dren"gage, n. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: The tenure by which a drench held land. [Obs.] Burrill.

DRENT Drent, p. p. Etym: [See Dreinte.]

Defn: Drenched; drowned. [Obs.] "Condemned to be drent." Spenser.

DRESDEN WARE Dres"den ware`.

Defn: A superior kind of decorated porcelain made near Dresden in Saxony.

DRESS Dress, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dressed or Drest; p. pr. & vb. n. Dressing.] Etym: [OF. drecier to make straight, raise, set up, prepare, arrange, F. dresser. (assumed) LL. directiare, fr. L. dirigere, directum, to direct; dis- + regere to rule. See Right, and cf. Address, Adroit, Direct, Dirge.]

1. To direct; to put right or straight; to regulate; to order. [Obs.] At all times thou shalt bless God and pray Him to dress thy ways. Chaucer.

Note: Dress is used reflexively in Old English, in sense of "to direct one's step; to addresss one's self." To Grisild again will I me dresse. Chaucer.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: To arrange in exact continuity of line, as soldiers; commonly to adjust to a straight line and at proper distance; to align; as, to dress the ranks.

3. (Med.)

Defn: To treat methodically with remedies, bandages, or curative appliances, as a sore, an ulcer, a wound, or a wounded or diseased part.

4. To adjust; to put in good order; to arrange; specifically: (a) To prepare for use; to fit for any use; to render suitable for an intended purpose; to get ready; as, to dress a slain animal; to dress meat; to dress leather or cloth; to dress or trim a lamp; to dress a garden; to dress a horse, by currying and rubbing; to dress grain, by cleansing it; in mining and metallurgy, to dress ores, by sorting and separating them.

And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it. Gen. ii. 15. When he dresseth the lamps he shall burn incense. Ex. xxx. 7. Three hundred horses . . . smoothly dressed. Dryden. Dressing their hair with the white sea flower. Tennyson . If he felt obliged to expostulate, he might have dressed his censures in a kinder form. Carlyle.

(b) To cut to proper dimensions, or give proper shape to, as to a tool by hammering; also, to smooth or finish. (c) To put in proper condition by appareling, as the body; to put clothes upon; to apparel; to invest with garments or rich decorations; to clothe; to deck. Dressed myself in such humility. Shak. Prove that ever Idress myself handsome till thy return. Shak.

(d) To break and train for use, as a horse or other animal. To dress up or out, to dress elaborately, artificially, or pompously. "You see very often a king of England or France dressed up like a Julius Cæsar." Addison. -- To dress a ship (Naut.), to ornament her by hoisting the national colors at the peak and mastheads, and setting the jack forward; when dressed full, the signal flags and pennants are added. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Syn. -- To attire; apparel; clothe; accouter; array; robe; rig; trim; deck; adorn; embellish.

DRESS Dress, v. i.

1. (Mil.)

Defn: To arrange one's self in due position in a line of soldiers; -- the word of command to form alignment in ranks; as, Right, dress!

2. To clothe or apparel one's self; to put on one's garments; to pay

## particular regard to dress; as, to dress quickly. "To dress for a

ball." Latham. To flaunt, to dress, to dance, to thrum. Tennyson . To dress to the right, To dress to the left, To dress on the center (Mil.), to form alignment with reference to the soldier on the extreme right, or in the center, of the rank, who serves as a guide.

DRESS Dress, n.

1. That which is used as the covering or ornament of the body; clothes; garments; habit; apparel. "In your soldier's dress." Shak.

2. A lady's gown; as, silk or a velvet dress.

3. Attention to apparel, or skill in adjusting it. Men of pleasure, dress, and gallantry. Pope.

4. (Milling)

Defn: The system of furrows on the face of a millstone. Knight. Dress circle. See under Circle. -- Dress parade (Mil.), a parade in full uniform for review.

DRESS CIRCLE Dress circle.

Defn: A gallery or circle in a theater, generally the first above the floor, in which originally dress clothes were customarily worn.

DRESS COAT Dress" coat`.

Defn: A coat with skirts behind only, as distinct from the frock coat, of which the skirts surround the body. It is worn on occasions of ceremony. The dress coat of officers of the United States army is a full-skirted frock coat.

DRESSER Dress"er, n.

1. One who dresses; one who put in order or makes ready for use; one who on clothes or ornaments.

2. (Mining)

Defn: A kind of pick for shaping large coal.

3. An assistant in a hospital, whose office it is to dress wounds, sores, etc.

4. Etym: [F. dressoir. See Dress, v. t.] (a) A table or bench on which meat and other things are dressed, or prepared for use. (b) A cupboard or set of shelves to receive dishes and cooking utensils. The pewter plates on the dresser Caught and reflected the flame, as shields of armies the sunshine. Longfellow.

DRESS GOODS Dress" goods".

Defn: A term applied to fabrics for the gowns of women and girls; -- most commonly to fabrics of mixed materials, but also applicable to silks, printed linens, and calicoes.

DRESSINESS Dress"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dressy.

DRESSING Dress"ing, n.

1. Dress; raiment; especially, ornamental habiliment or attire. B. Jonson.

2. (Surg.)

Defn: An application (a remedy, bandage, etc.) to a sore or wound. Wiseman.

3. Manure or compost over land. When it remains on the surface, it is called a top-dressing.

4. (Cookery) (a) A preparation to fit food for use; a condiment; as, a dressing for salad. (b) The stuffing of fowls, pigs, etc.; forcemeat.

5. Gum, starch, and the like, used in stiffening or finishing silk, linen, and other fabrics.

6. An ornamental finish, as a molding around doors, windows, or on a ceiling, etc.

7. Castigation; scolding; -- often with down. [Colloq.] Dressing case, a case of toilet utensils. -- Dressing forceps, a variety of forceps, shaped like a pair of scissors, used in dressing wounds. -- Dressing gown, a light gown, such as is used by a person while dressing; a study gown. -- Dressing room, an apartment appropriated for making one's toilet. -- Dressing table, a table at which a person may dress, and on which articles for the toilet stand. -- Top-dressing, manure or compost spread over land and not worked into the soil.

DRESSMAKER Dress"mak`er, n.

Defn: A maker of gowns, or similar garments; a mantuamaker.

DRESSMAKING Dress"mak`ing, n.

Defn: The art, process, or occupation, of making dresses.

DRESSY Dress"y, a.

Defn: Showy in dress; attentive to dress. A dressy flaunting maidservant. T. Hook. A neat, dressy gentleman in black. W. Irving.

DREST Drest, p. p.

Defn: of Dress.

DRETCH Dretch, v. t. & i.

Defn: See Drecche. [Obs.]

DREUL Dreul, v. i.

Defn: To drool. [Obs.]

DREVIL Drev"il, n.

Defn: A fool; a drudge. See Drivel.

DREW Drew, imp.

Defn: of Draw.

DREY Drey, n.

Defn: A squirrel's nest. See Dray. [Obs.]

DREYE Dreye, a.

Defn: Dry. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DREYNTE; DREYNT Dreyn"te, imp., Dreynt (,

Defn: p. p., of Drench to drown. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRIB Drib, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dribbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dribbing.] Etym: [Cf. Drip.]

Defn: To do by little and little; as: (a) To cut off by a little at a time; to crop. (b) To appropriate unlawfully; to filch; to defalcate. He who drives their bargain dribs a part. Dryden.

(c) To lead along step by step; to entice. With daily lies she dribs thee into cost. Dryden.

DRIB Drib, v. t. & i. (Archery)

Defn: To shoot (a shaft) so as to pierce on the descent. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

DRIB Drib, n.

Defn: A drop. [Obs.] Swift.

DRIBBER Drib"ber, n.

Defn: One who dribs; one who shoots weakly or badly. [Obs.] Ascham.

DRIBBLE Drib"ble, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dribbled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dribbing.] Etym: [Freq. of drib, which is a variant of drip.]

1. To fall in drops or small drops, or in a quick succession of drops; as, water dribbles from the eaves.

2. To slaver, as a child or an idiot; to drivel.

3. To fall weakly and slowly. [Obs.] "The dribbling dart of love." Shak. (Meas. for Meas. , i. 3, 2). [Perhaps an error for dribbing.]

DRIBBLE Drib"ble, v. t.

Defn: To let fall in drops. Let the cook . . . dribble it all the way upstairs. Swift.

DRIBBLE Drib"ble, n.

Defn: A drizzling shower; a falling or leaking in drops. [Colloq.]

DRIBBLER Drib"bler, n.

Defn: One who dribbles.

DRIBBLET; DRIBLET Drib"blet, Drib"let, n. Etym: [From Dribble.]

Defn: A small piece or part; a small sum; a small quantity of money in making up a sum; as, the money was paid in dribblets. When made up in dribblets, as they could, their best securities were at an interest of twelve per cent. Burke.

DRIE Drie, v. t. Etym: [See Dree.]

Defn: To endure. [Obs.] So causeless such drede for to drie. Chaucer.

DRIED Dried, imp. & p. p.

Defn: of Day. Also adj.; as, dried apples.

DRIER Dri"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, dries; that which may expel or absorb moisture; a desiccative; as, the sun and a northwesterly wind are great driers of the earth.

2. (Paint.)

Defn: Drying oil; a substance mingled with the oil used in oil painting to make it dry quickly.

DRIER; DRIEST Dri"er, compar., Dri"est, superl.,

Defn: of Dry, a.

DRIFT Drift, n. Etym: [From drive; akin to LG. & D. drift a driving, Icel. drift snowdrift, Dan. drift, impulse, drove, herd, pasture, common, G. trift pasturage, drove. See Drive.]

1. A driving; a violent movement. The dragon drew him [self] away with drift of his wings. King Alisaunder (1332).

2. The act or motion of drifting; the force which impels or drives; an overpowering influence or impulse. A bad man, being under the drift of any passion, will follow the impulse of it till something interpose. South.

3. Course or direction along which anything is driven; setting. "Our drift was south." Hakluyt.

4. The tendency of an act, argument, course of conduct, or the like; object aimed at or intended; intention; hence, also, import or meaning of a sentence or discourse; aim. He has made the drift of the whole poem a compliment on his country in general. Addison. Now thou knowest my drift. Sir W. Scott.

5. That which is driven, forced, or urged along; as: (a) Anything driven at random. "Some log . . . a useless drift." Dryden. (b) A mass of matter which has been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown together in a heap, etc., esp. by wind or water; as, a drift of snow, of ice, of sand, and the like. Drifts of rising dust involve the sky. Pope. We got the brig a good bed in the rushing drift [of ice]. Kane.

(c) A drove or flock, as of cattle, sheep, birds. [Obs.] Cattle coming over the bridge (with their great drift doing much damage to the high ways). Fuller.

6. (Arch.)

Defn: The horizontal thrust or pressure of an arch or vault upon the abutments. [R.] Knight.

7. (Geol.)

Defn: A collection of loose earth and rocks, or boulders, which have been distributed over large portions of the earth's surface, especially in latitudes north of forty degrees, by the agency of ice.

8. In South Africa, a ford in a river.

9. (Mech.)

Defn: A slightly tapered tool of steel for enlarging or shaping a hole in metal, by being forced or driven into or through it; a broach.

10. (Mil.) (a) A tool used in driving down compactly the composition contained in a rocket, or like firework. (b) A deviation from the line of fire, peculiar to oblong projectiles.

11. (Mining)

Defn: A passage driven or cut between shaft and shaft; a driftway; a small subterranean gallery; an adit or tunnel.

12. (Naut.) (a) The distance through which a current flows in a given time. (b) The angle which the line of a ship's motion makes with the meridian, in drifting. (c) The distance to which a vessel is carried off from her desired course by the wind, currents, or other causes. (d) The place in a deep-waisted vessel where the sheer is raised and the rail is cut off, and usually terminated with a scroll, or driftpiece. (e) The distance between the two blocks of a tackle.

13. The difference between the size of a bolt and the hole into which it is driven, or between the circumference of a hoop and that of the mast on which it is to be driven.

Note: Drift is used also either adjectively or as the first part of a compound. See Drift, a. Drift of the forest (O. Eng. Law), an examination or view of the cattle in a forest, in order to see whose they are, whether they are commonable, and to determine whether or not the forest is surcharged. Burrill.

DRIFT Drift, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drifted; p. pr. & vb. n. Drifting.]

1. To float or be driven along by, or as by, a current of water or air; as, the ship drifted astern; a raft drifted ashore; the balloon drifts slowly east. We drifted o'er the harbor bar. Coleridge.

2. To accumulate in heaps by the force of wind; to be driven into heaps; as, snow or sand drifts.

3. (mining)

Defn: to make a drift; to examine a vein or ledge for the purpose of ascertaining the presence of metals or ores; to follow a vein; to prospect. [U.S.]

DRIFT Drift, v. t.

1. To drive or carry, as currents do a floating body. J. H. Newman.

2. To drive into heaps; as, a current of wind drifts snow or sand.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: To enlarge or shape, as a hole, with a drift.

DRIFT Drift, a.

Defn: That causes drifting or that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift currents; drift ice; drift mud. Kane. Drift anchor. See Sea anchor, and also Drag sail, under Drag, n. -- Drift epoch (Geol.), the glacial epoch. -- Drift net, a kind of fishing net. -- Drift sail. Same as Drag sail. See under Drag, n.

DRIFTAGE Drift"age, n.

1. Deviation from a ship's course due to leeway.

2. Anything that drifts.

DRIFTBOLT Drift"bolt`, n.

Defn: A bolt for driving out other bolts.

DRIFTLESS Drift"less, a.

Defn: Having no drift or direction; without aim; purposeless.

DRIFTPIECE Drift"piece", n. (Shipbuilding)

Defn: An upright or curved piece of timber connecting the plank sheer with the gunwale; also, a scroll terminating a rail.

DRIFTPIN Drift"pin`, n. (Mech.)

Defn: A smooth drift. See Drift, n., 9.

DRIFTWAY Drift"way`, n.

1. A common way, road, or path, for driving cattle. Cowell. Burrill.

2. (Mining)

Defn: Same as Drift, 11.

DRIFTWEED Drift"weed`, n.

Defn: Seaweed drifted to the shore by the wind. Darwin.

DRIFTWIND Drift"wind`, n.

Defn: A driving wind; a wind that drives snow, sand, etc., into heaps. Beau. & Fl.

DRIFTWOOD Drift"wood`, n.

1. Wood drifted or floated by water.

2. Fig.: Whatever is drifting or floating as on water. The current of humanity, with its heavy proportion of very useless driftwood. New Your Times.

DRIFTY Drift"y, a.

Defn: Full of drifts; tending to form drifts, as snow, and the like.

DRILL Drill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drilled; p. pr. & vb. n. Drilling.] Etym: [D. drillen to bore, drill (soldiers); probably akin to AS. pyrlian, pyrelian, to pierce. See Thrill.]

1. To pierce or bore with a drill, or a with a drill; to perforate; as, to drill a hole into a rock; to drill a piece of metal.

2. To train in the military art; to exercise diligently, as soldiers, in military evolutions and exercises; hence, to instruct thoroughly in the rudiments of any art or branch of knowledge; to discipline. He [Frederic the Great] drilled his people, as he drilled his grenadiers. Macaulay.

DRILL Drill, v. i.

Defn: To practice an exercise or exercises; to train one's self.

DRILL Drill, n.

1. An instrument with an edged or pointed end used for making holes in hard substances; strictly, a tool that cuts with its end, by revolving, as in drilling metals, or by a succession of blows, as in drilling stone; also, a drill press.

2. (Mil.)

Defn: The act or exercise of training soldiers in the military art, as in the manual of arms, in the execution of evolutions, and the like; hence, diligent and strict instruction and exercise in the rudiments and methods of any business; a kind or method of military exercises; as, infantry drill; battalion drill; artillery drill.

3. Any exercise, physical or mental, enforced with regularity and by constant repetition; as, a severe drill in Latin grammar.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A marine gastropod, of several species, which kills oysters and other bivalves by drilling holes through the shell. The most destructive kind is Urosalpinx cinerea. Bow drill, Breast drill. See under Bow, Breast. -- Cotter drill, or Traverse drill, a machine tool for drilling slots. -- Diamond drill. See under Diamond. -- Drill jig. See under Jig. -- Drill pin, the pin in a lock which enters the hollow stem of the key. -- Drill sergeant (Mil.), a noncommissioned officer whose office it is to instruct soldiers as to their duties, and to train them to military exercises and evolutions. -- Vertical drill, a drill press.

DRILL Drill, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Trill to trickle, Trickle, Dribble, and W. rhillio to put in a row, drill.]

1. To cause to flow in drills or rills or by trickling; to drain by trickling; as, waters drilled through a sandy stratum. [R.] Thomson.

2. To sow, as seeds, by dribbling them along a furrow or in a row, like a trickling rill of water.

3. To entice; to allure from step; to decoy; -- with on. [Obs.] See drilled him on to five-fifty. Addison.

4. To cause to slip or waste away by degrees. [Obs.] This accident hath drilled away the whole summer. Swift.

DRILL Drill, v. i.

1. To trickle. [Obs. or R.] Sandys.

2. To sow in drills.

DRILL Drill, n.

1. A small trickling stream; a rill. [Obs.] Springs through the pleasant meadows pour their drills. Sandys.

2. (Agr.) (a) An implement for making holes for sowing seed, and sometimes so formed as to contain seeds and drop them into the hole made. (b) A light furrow or channel made to put seed into sowing. (c) A row of seed sown in a furrow.

Note: Drill is used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound; as, drill barrow or drill-barrow; drill husbandry; drill plow or drill-plow. Drill barrow, a wheeled implement for planting seed in drills. -- Drill bow, a small bow used for the purpose of rapidly turning a drill around which the bowstring takes a turn. -- Drill harrow, a harrow used for stirring the ground between rows, or drills. -- Drill plow, or Drill plough, a sort plow for sowing grain in drills.

DRILL Drill, n. Etym: [Cf. Mandrill.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large African baboon (Cynocephalus leucophæus).

DRILL Drill, n. Etym: [Usually in pl.] (Manuf.)

Defn: Same as Drilling. Imperial drill, a linen fabric having two threads in the warp and three in the filling.

DRILLER Drill"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, drills.

DRILLING Drill"ing, n.

1. The act of piercing with a drill.

2. A training by repeated exercises.

DRILLING Drill"ing, n.

Defn: The act of using a drill in sowing seeds.

DRILLING Drill"ing, n. Etym: [G. drillich, fr. L. trilix having three threads, fr. the of tres three + licium a thread of the warm. See Three, and cf. Twill.] (Manuf.)

Defn: A heavy, twilled fabric of linen or cotton.

DRILLMASTER Drill"mas`ter, n.

Defn: One who teaches drill, especially in the way of gymnastics. Macaulay.

DRILL PRESS Drill" press` .

Defn: A machine for drilling holes in metal, the drill being pressed to the metal by the action of a screw.

DRILLSTOCK Drill"stock`, n. (Mech.)

Defn: A contrivance for holding and turning a drill. Knight.

DRILY Dri"ly, adv.

Defn: See Dryly. Thackeray.

DRIMYS Dri"mys, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of magnoliaceous trees. Drimys aromatica furnishes Winter's bark.

DRINK Drink, v. i. [imp. Drank, formerly Drunk (; & p. p. Drunk, Drunken (; p. pr. & vb. n. Drinking. Drunken is now rarely used, except as a verbal adj. in sense of habitually intoxicated; the form drank, not infrequently used as a p. p., is not so analogical.] Etym: [AS. drincan; akin to OS. drinkan, D. drinken, G. trinken, Icel. drekka, Sw. dricka, Dan. drikke, Goth. drigkan. Cf. Drench, Drunken, Drown.]

1. To swallow anything liquid, for quenching thirst or other purpose; to imbibe; to receive or partake of, as if in satisfaction of thirst; as, to drink from a spring. Gird thyself, and serve me, till have eaten and drunken; and afterward thou shalt eat and drink. Luke xvii. 8. He shall drink of the wrath the Almighty. Job xxi. 20. Drink of the cup that can not cloy. Keble.

2. To quaff exhilarating or intoxicating liquors, in merriment or feasting; to carouse; to revel; hence, to lake alcoholic liquors to excess; to be intemperate in the Pope. And they drank, and were merry with him. Gem. xliii. 34. Bolingbroke always spoke freely when he had drunk freely. Thackeray. To drink to, to salute in drinking; to wish well to, in the act of taking the cup; to pledge in drinking. I drink to the general joy of the whole table, And to our dear friend Banquo. Shak.

DRINK Drink, v. t.

1. To swallow (a liquid); to receive, as a fluid, into the stomach; to imbibe; as, to drink milk or water. There lies she with the blessed gods in bliss, There drinks the nectar with ambrosia mixed. Spenser. The bowl of punch which was brewed and drunk in Mrs. Betty's room. Thackeray.

2. To take in (a liquid), in any manner; to suck up; to absorb; to imbibe. And let the purple violets drink the stream. Dryden.

3. To take in; to receive within one, through the senses; to inhale; to hear; to see. To drink the cooler air, Tennyson. My ears have not yet drunk a hundred words Of that tongue's utterance. Shak. Let me . . . drink delicious poison from thy eye. Pope.

4. To smoke, as tobacco. [Obs.] And some men now live ninety years and past, Who never drank to tobacco first nor last. Taylor (1630. ) To drink down, to act on by drinking; to reduce or subdue; as, to drink down unkindness. Shak. -- To drink in, to take into one's self by drinking, or as by drinking; to receive and appropriate as in satisfaction of thirst. "Song was the form of literature which he [Burns] had drunk in from his cradle." J. C. Shairp. -- To drink off or up, to drink the whole at a draught; as, to drink off a cup of cordial. -- To drink the health of, or To drink to the health of, to drink while expressing good wishes for the health or welfare of.

DRINK Drink, n.

1. Liquid to be swallowed; any fluid to be taken into the stomach for quenching thirst or for other purposes, as water, coffee, or decoctions. Give me some drink, Titinius. Shak.

2. Specifically, intoxicating liquor; as, when drink is on, wit is out. Drink money, or Drink penny, an allowance, or perquisite, given to buy drink; a gratuity. -- Drink offering (Script.), an offering of wine, etc., in the Jewish religious service. -- In drink, drunk. "The poor monster's in drink." Shak. -- Strong drink, intoxicating liquor; esp., liquor containing a large proportion of alcohol. " Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging." Prov. xx. 1.

DRINKABLE Drink"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being drunk; suitable for drink; potable. Macaulay. Also used substantively, esp. in the plural. Steele.

DRINKABLENESS Drink"a*ble*ness, n.

Defn: State of being drinkable.

DRINKER Drink"er, n.

Defn: One who drinks; as, the effects of tea on the drinker; also, one who drinks spirituous liquors to excess; a drunkard. Drinker moth (Zoöl.), a large British moth (Odonestis potatoria).

DRINKING Drink"ing, n.

1. The act of one who drinks; the act of imbibing.

2. The practice of partaking to excess of intoxicating liquors.

3. An entertainment with liquors; a carousal.

Note: Drinking is used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound; as, a drinking song, drinking cup, drinking glass, drinking house, etc. Drinking horn, a drinking vessel made of a horn.

DRINKLESS Drink"less, a.

Defn: Destitute of drink. Chaucer.

DRIP Drip, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dripped or Dript; p. pr. & vb. n. Dripping.] Etym: [Akin to LG. drippen, Dan. dryppe, from a noun. See Drop.]

1. To fall in drops; as, water drips from the eaves.

2. To let fall drops of moisture or liquid; as, a wet garment drips. The dark round of the dripping wheel. Tennyson.

DRIP Drip, v. t.

Defn: To let fall in drops. Which from the thatch drips fast a shower of rain. Swift.

DRIP Drip, n.

1. A falling or letting fall in drops; a dripping; that which drips, or falls in drops. The light drip of the suspended oar. Byron.

2. (Arch.)

Defn: That part of a cornice, sill course, or other horizontal member, which projects beyond the rest, and is of such section as to throw off the rain water. Right of drip (Law), an easement or servitude by which a man has the right to have the water flowing from his house fall on the land of his neighbor.

DRIPPING Drip"ping, n.

1. A falling in drops, or the sound so made.

2. That which falls in drops, as fat from meat in roasting. Dripping pan, a pan for receiving the fat which drips from meat in roasting.

DRIPPLE Drip"ple, a. Etym: [From Drip, cf. Dribble.]

Defn: Weak or rare. [Obs.]

DRIPSTONE Drip"stone`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: A drip, when made of stone. See Drip, 2.

DRIVE Drive, v. t. [imp. Drove, formerly Drave (p. p. Driven; p. pr. & vb. n. Driving.] Etym: [AS. drifan; akin to OS. driban, D. drijven, OHG. triban, G. treiben, Icel. drifa, Goth. dreiban. Cf. Drift, Drove.]

1. To impel or urge onward by force in a direction away from one, or along before one; to push forward; to compel to move on; to communicate motion to; as, to drive cattle; to drive a nail; smoke drives persons from a room. A storm came on and drove them into Pylos. Jowett (Thucyd. ). Shield pressed on shield, and man drove man along. Pope. Go drive the deer and drag the finny prey. Pope.

2. To urge on and direct the motions of, as the beasts which draw a vehicle, or the vehicle borne by them; hence, also, to take in a carriage; to convey in a vehicle drawn by beasts; as, to drive a pair of horses or a stage; to drive a person to his own door. How . . . proud he was to drive such a brother! Thackeray.

3. To urge, impel, or hurry forward; to force; to constrain; to urge, press, or bring to a point or state; as, to drive person by necessity, by persuasion, by force of circumstances, by argument, and the like. " Enough to drive one mad." Tennyson. He, driven to dismount, threatened, if I did not do the like, to do as much for my horse as fortune had done for his. Sir P. Sidney.

4. To carry or; to keep in motion; to conduct; to prosecute. [Now used only colloquially.] Bacon. The trade of life can not be driven without partners. Collier.

5. To clear, by forcing away what is contained. To drive the country, force the swains away. Dryden.

6. (Mining)

Defn: To dig Horizontally; to cut a horizontal gallery or tunnel. Tomlinson.

7. To pass away; -- said of time. [Obs.] Chaucer.

Note: Drive, in all its senses, implies forcible or violent action. It is the reverse of to lead. To drive a body is to move it by applying a force behind; to lead is to cause to move by applying the force before, or in front. It takes a variety of meanings, according to the objects by which it is followed; as, to drive an engine, to direct and regulate its motions; to drive logs, to keep them in the current of a river and direct them in their course; to drive feathers or down, to place them in a machine, which, by a current of air, drives off the lightest to one end, and collects them by themselves. "My thrice-driven bed of down." Shak.

DRIVE Drive, v. i.

1. To rush and press with violence; to move furiously. Fierce Boreas drove against his flying sails. Dryden. Under cover of the night and a driving tempest. Prescott. Time driveth onward fast, And in a little while our lips are dumb. Tennyson.

2. To be forced along; to be impelled; to be moved by any physical force or agent; to be driven. The hull drives on, though mast and sail be torn. Byron. The chaise drives to Mr. Draper's chambers. Thackeray.

3. To go by carriage; to pass in a carriage; to proceed by directing or urging on a vehicle or the animals that draw it; as, the coachman drove to my door.

4. To press forward; to aim, or tend, to a point; to make an effort; to strive; -- usually with at. Let them therefore declare what carnal or secular interest he drove at. South.

5. To distrain for rent. [Obs.] To let drive, to aim a blow; to strike with force; to attack. "Four rogues in buckram let drive at me." Shak.

DRIVE Drive, p. p.

Defn: Driven. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRIVE Drive, n.

1. The act of driving; a trip or an excursion in a carriage, as for exercise or pleasure; -- distinguished from a ride taken on horseback.

2. A place suitable or agreeable for driving; a road prepared for driving.

3. Violent or rapid motion; a rushing onward or away; esp., a forced or hurried dispatch of business. The Murdstonian drive in business. M. Arnold.

4. In type founding and forging, an impression or matrix, formed by a punch drift.

5. A collection of objects that are driven; a mass of logs to be floated down a river. [Colloq.]

Syn. -- See Ride.

DRIVEBOLT Drive"bolt`, n.

Defn: A drift; a tool for setting bolts home.

DRIVEL Driv"el, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Driveled or Drivelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Driveling or Drivelling.] Etym: [Cf. OE. dravelen, drabelen, drevelen, drivelen, to slaver, and E. drabble. Cf. Drool.]

1. To slaver; to let spittle drop or flow from the mouth, like a child, idiot, or dotard.

2. Etym: [Perh. a different word: cf. Icel. drafa to talk thick.]

Defn: To be weak or foolish; to dote; as, a driveling hero; driveling love. Shak. Dryden.

DRIVEL Driv"el, n.

1. Slaver; saliva flowing from the mouth.

2. Inarticulate or unmeaning utterance; foolish talk; babble.

3. A driveler; a fool; an idiot. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

4. A servant; a drudge. [Obs.] Huloet.

DRIVELER Driv"el*er, n.

Defn: A slaverer; a slabberer; an idiot; a fool. [Written also driveller.]

DRIVEN Driv"en, p. p.

Defn: of Drive. Also adj. Driven well, a well made by driving a tube into the earth to an aqueous stratum; -- called also drive well.

DRIVEPIPE Drive"pipe`, n.

Defn: A pipe for forcing into the earth.

DRIVER Driv"er, n. Etym: [From Drive.]

1. One who, or that which, drives; the person or thing that urges or compels anything else to move onward.

2. The person who drives beasts or a carriage; a coachman; a charioteer, etc.; hence, also, one who controls the movements of a locomotive.

3. An overseer of a gang of slaves or gang of convicts at their work.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: A part that transmits motion to another part by contact with it, or through an intermediate relatively movable part, as a gear which drives another, or a lever which moves another through a link, etc. Specifically: (a) The driving wheel of a locomotive. (b) An attachment to a lathe, spindle, or face plate to turn a carrier. (c) A crossbar on a grinding mill spindle to drive the upper stone.

5. (Naut.)

Defn: The after sail in a ship or bark, being a fore-and-aft sail attached to a gaff; a spanker. Totten. Driver ant (Zoöl.), a species of African stinging ant; one of the visiting ants (Anomma arcens); -- so called because they move about in vast armies, and drive away or devour all insects and other small animals.

DRIVEWAY Drive"way` (, n.

Defn: A passage or way along or through which a carriage may be driven.

DRIVING Driv"ing, a.

1. Having great force of impulse; as, a driving wind or storm.

2. Communicating force; impelling; as, a driving shaft. Driving axle, the axle of a driving wheel, as in a locomotive. -- Driving box (Locomotive), the journal box of a driving axle. See Illust. of Locomotive. -- Driving note (Mus.), a syncopated note; a tone begun on a weak part of a measure and held through the next accented part, thus anticipating the accent and driving it through. -- Driving spring, a spring fixed upon the box of the driving axle of a locomotive engine to support the weight and deaden shocks. [Eng.] Weale. -- Driving wheel (Mach.), a wheel that communicates motion; one of the large wheels of a locomotive to which the connecting rods of the engine are attached; -- called also, simply, driver. See Illust. of Locomotive.

DRIVING Driv"ing, n.

1. The act of forcing or urging something along; the act of pressing or moving on furiously.

2. Tendency; drift. [R.]

DRIZZLE Driz"zle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drizzled; p. pr. & vb. n. Drizzling.] Etym: [Prop. freq. of AS. dreósan to fall. See Dreary.]

Defn: To rain slightly in very small drops; to fall, as water from the clouds, slowly and in fine particles; as, it drizzles; drizzling drops or rain. "Drizzling tears." Spenser.

DRIZZLE Driz"zle, v. t.

Defn: To shed slowly in minute drops or particles. "The air doth drizzle dew." Shak.

DRIZZLE Driz"zle, n.

Defn: Fine rain or mist. Halliwell.

DRIZZLY Driz"zly, a.

Defn: Characterized by small rain, or snow; moist and disagreeable. "Winter's drizzly reign." Dryden.

DROCK Drock, n.

Defn: A water course. [Prov. Eng.]

DROFLAND; DRYFLAND Drof"land, Dryf"land, n. Etym: [See Drove.] (Law)

Defn: An ancient yearly payment made by some tenants to the king, or to their landlords, for the privilege of driving their cattle through a manor to fairs or markets. Cowell.

DROGHER Dro"gher, n. Etym: [Cf. Drag.]

Defn: A small craft used in the West India Islands to take off sugars, rum, etc., to the merchantmen; also, a vessel for transporting lumber, cotton, etc., coastwise; as, a lumber drogher. [Written also droger.] Ham. Nar. Encyc.

DROGMAN; DROGOMAN Drog"man, Drog"o*man, n.

Defn: See Dragoman.

DROGUE Drogue, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Drag, n.,

6, and Drag sail, under Drag, n.

DROH Droh, imp.

Defn: of Draw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DROIL Droil, v. i. Etym: [D. druilen to mope.]

Defn: To work sluggishly or slowly; to plod. [Obs.]

DROIL Droil, n. Etym: [D. druil sluggard. Cf. Droll.]

1. A drudge. [Obs.] Beau. & Fl.

2. Mean labor; toil.[Obs.]

DROIT Droit, n. Etym: [F. See Direct.]

Defn: A right; law in its aspect of the foundation of rights; also, in old law, the writ of right. Abbott. Droit d'aubaine. See under Aubaine. -- Droits of the Admiralty (Eng. Law), rights or perquisites of the Admiralty, arising from seizure of an enemy's ships in port on the breaking out of war, or those coming into port in ignorance of hostilities existing, or from such ships as are taken by noncommissioned captors; also, the proceeds of wrecks, and derelict property at sea. The droits of admiralty are now paid into the Exchequer for the public benefit.

DROITURAL Droi"tu*ral, a. (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: relating to the mere right of property, as distinguished from the right of possession; as, droitural actions. [Obs.] Burrill.

DROITZSCHKA Droitzsch"ka, n.

Defn: See Drosky.

DROLL Droll, a. [Compar. Droller; superl. Drollest.] Etym: [F. drôle; cf. G. & D. drollig, LG. drullig, D. drol a thick and short person, a droll, Sw. troll a magical appearance, demon, trolla to use magic arts, enchant, Dan. trold elf, imp, Icel. tröll giant, magician, evil spirit, monster. If this is the origin, cf. Trull.]

Defn: Queer, and fitted to provoke laughter; ludicrous from oddity; amusing and strange.

Syn. -- Comic; comical; farcical; diverting; humorous; ridiculous; queer; odd; waggish; facetious; merry; laughable; ludicrous. -- Droll, Laughable, Comical. Laughable is the generic term, denoting anything exciting laughter or worthy of laughter; comical denotes something of the kind exhibited in comedies, something humorous of the kind exhibited in comedies, something, as it were, dramatically humorous; droll stands lower on the scale, having reference to persons or things which excite laughter by their buffoonery or oddity. A laughable incident; a comical adventure; a droll story.

DROLL Droll, n.

1. One whose practice it is to raise mirth by odd tricks; a jester; a buffoon; a merry-andrew. Prior.

2. Something exhibited to raise mirth or sport, as a puppet, a farce, and the like.

DROLL Droll, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drolled; p. pr. & vb. n. Drolling.]

Defn: To jest; to play the buffoon. [R.]

DROLL Droll, v. t.

1. To lead or influence by jest or trick; to banter or jest; to cajole. Men that will not be reasoned into their senses, may yet be laughed or drolled into them. L'Estrange.

2. To make a jest of; to set in a comical light. [R.] This drolling everything is rather fatiguing. W. D. Howells.

DROLLER Droll"er, n.

Defn: A jester; a droll. [Obs.] Glanvill.

DROLLERY Droll"er*y, n.; pl. Drolleries. Etym: [F. drôlerie. See Droll.]

1. The quality of being droll; sportive tricks; buffoonery; droll stories; comical gestures or manners. The rich drollery of "She Stoops to Conquer." Macaulay.

2. Something which serves to raise mirth; as: (a) A puppet show; also, a puppet. [Obs.] Shak. (b) A lively or comic picture. [Obs.] I bought an excellent drollery, which I afterward parted with to my brother George of Wotton. Evelyn.

DROLLINGLY Droll"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a jesting manner.

DROLLISH Droll"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat droll. Sterne.

DROLLIST Droll"ist, n.

Defn: A droll. [R.] Glanvill.

DROMAEOGNATHOUS Dro`mæ*og"na*thous, a. Etym: [NL. dromaius emu + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the structure of the palate like that of the ostrich and emu.

DROMATHERIUM Drom`a*the"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Dromedary.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A small extinct triassic mammal from North Carolina, the earliest yet found in America.

DROME Drome, n. Etym: [F., fr. Gr. Dromedary.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The crab plover (Dromas ardeola), a peculiar North African bird, allied to the oyster catcher.

DROMEDARY Drom"e*da*ry, n.; pl. Dromedaries. Etym: [F. dromadaire, LL. dromedarius, fr. L. dromas (sc. camelus), fr. Gr. dram to run.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius), having one hump or protuberance on the back, in distinction from the Bactrian camel, which has two humps.

Note: In Arabia and Egypt the name is restricted to the better breeds of this species of camel. See Deloul.

DROMOND; DROMON Drom"ond, or Drom"on. Etym: [OF. dromont, L. dromo, fr. Gr.Dromedary.]

Defn: In the Middle Ages, a large, fast-sailing galley, or cutter; a large, swift war vessel. [Hist. or Archaic] Fuller. The great dromond swinging from the quay. W. Morris.

DRONE Drone, n. Etym: [OE. drane a dronebee, AS. dran; akin to OS. dran, OHG. treno, G. drohne, Dan. drone, cf. Gr. Drone, v. i.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The male of bees, esp. of the honeybee. It gathers no honey. See Honeybee. All with united force combine to drive The lazy drones from the laborious hive. Dryden.

2. One who lives on the labors of others; a lazy, idle fellow; a sluggard. By living as a drone,to be an unprofitable and unworthy member of so noble and learned a society. Burton.

3. That which gives out a grave or monotonous tone or dull sound; as: (a) A drum. [Obs.] Halliwell. (b) The part of the bagpipe containing the two lowest tubes, which always sound the key note and the fifth.

4. A humming or deep murmuring sound. The monotonous drone of the wheel. Longfellow.

5. (Mus.)

Defn: A monotonous bass, as in a pastoral composition.

DRONE Drone, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Droned; p. pr. & vb. n. Droning.] Etym: [Cf. (for sense 1) D. dreunen, G. dröhnen, Icel. drynja to roar, drynr a roaring, Sw. dröna to bellow, drone, Dan. dröne, Goth. drunjus sound, Gr. dhran to sound. Cf. Drone, n.]

1. To utter or make a low, dull, monotonous, humming or murmuring sound. Where the beetle wheels his droning flight. T. Gray.

2. To love in idleness; to do nothing. "Race of droning kings." Dryden.

DRONE BEE Drone" bee`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The male of the honeybee; a drone.

DRONE FLY Drone" fly`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dipterous insect (Eristalis tenax), resembling the drone bee. See Eristalis.

DRONEPIPE Drone"pipe`, n.

Defn: One of the low-toned tubes of a bagpipe.

DRONGO Dron"go, n.; pl. Drongos (. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A passerine bird of the family Dicruridæ. They are usually black with a deeply forked tail. They are natives of Asia, Africa, and Australia; -- called also drongo shrikes.

DRONISH Dron"ish, a.

Defn: Like a drone; indolent; slow. Burke. -- Dron"ish*ly, adv. -- Dron"ish*ness, n.

DRONKELEWE Dron"ke*lewe, a. Etym: [See Drink.]

Defn: Given to drink; drunken. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRONTE Dron"te, n. Etym: [F.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dodo.

DRONY Dron"y, a.

Defn: Like a drone; sluggish; lazy.

DROOL Drool, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drooled; p. pr. & vb. n. Drooling.] Etym: [Contr. fr. drivel.]

Defn: To drivel, or drop saliva; as, the child drools. His mouth drooling with texts. T. Parker.

DROOP Droop, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drooped; p. pr. & vb. n. Drooping.] Etym: [Icel. dr; akin to E. drop. See Drop.]

1. To hang bending downward; to sink or hang down, as an animal, plant, etc., from physical inability or exhaustion, want of nourishment, or the like. "The purple flowers droop." "Above her drooped a lamp." Tennyson. I saw him ten days before he died, and observed he began very much to droop and languish. Swift.

2. To grow weak or faint with disappointment, grief, or like causes; to be dispirited or depressed; to languish; as, her spirits drooped. I'll animate the soldier's drooping courage. Addison.

3. To proceed downward, or toward a close; to decline. "Then day drooped." Tennyson.

DROOP Droop, v. t.

Defn: To let droop or sink. [R.] M. Arnold. Like to a withered vine That droops his sapless branches to the ground. Shak.

DROOP Droop, n.

Defn: A drooping; as, a droop of the eye.

DROOPER Droop"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, droops.

DROOPINGLY Droop"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a drooping manner.

DROP Drop, n. Etym: [OE. drope, AS. dropa; akin to OS. dropo, D. drop, OHG. tropo, G. tropfen, Icel. dropi, Sw. droppe; and Fr. AS. dreópan to drip, drop; akin to OS. driopan, D. druipen, OHG. triofan, G. triefen, Icel. drj. Cf. Drip, Droop.]

1. The quantity of fluid which falls in one small spherical mass; a liquid globule; a minim; hence, also, the smallest easily measured portion of a fluid; a small quantity; as, a drop of water. With minute drops from off the eaves. Milton. As dear to me as are the ruddy drops That visit my sad heart. Shak. That drop of peace divine. Keble.

2. That which resembles, or that which hangs like, a liquid drop; as a hanging diamond ornament, an earring, a glass pendant on a chandelier, a sugarplum (sometimes medicated), or a kind of shot or slug.

3. (Arch.) (a) Same as Gutta. (b) Any small pendent ornament.

4. Whatever is arranged to drop, hang, or fall from an elevated position; also, a contrivance for lowering something; as: (a) A door or platform opening downward; a trap door; that part of the gallows on which a culprit stands when he is to be hanged; hence, the gallows itself. (b) A machine for lowering heavy weights, as packages, coal wagons, etc., to a ship's deck. (c) A contrivance for temporarily lowering a gas jet. (d) A curtain which drops or falls in front of the stage of a theater, etc. (e) A drop press or drop hammer. (f) (Mach.) The distance of the axis of a shaft below the base of a hanger.

5. pl.

Defn: Any medicine the dose of which is measured by drops; as, lavender drops.

6. (Naut.)

Defn: The depth of a square sail; -- generally applied to the courses only. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

7. Act of dropping; sudden fall or descent. Ague drop, Black drop. See under Ague, Black. -- Drop by drop, in small successive quantities; in repeated portions. "Made to taste drop by drop more than the bitterness of death." Burke. -- Drop curtain. See Drop, n.,

4. (d). -- Drop forging. (Mech.) (a) A forging made in dies by a drop hammer. (b) The process of making drop forgings. -- Drop hammer (Mech.), a hammer for forging, striking up metal, etc., the weight being raised by a strap or similar device, and then released to drop on the metal resting on an anvil or die. -- Drop kick (Football), a kick given to the ball as it rebounds after having been dropped from the hands. -- Drop lake, a pigment obtained from Brazil wood. Mollett. -- Drop letter, a letter to be delivered from the same office where posted. -- Drop press (Mech.), a drop hammer; sometimes, a dead-stroke hammer; -- also called drop. -- Drop scene, a drop curtain on which a scene is painted. See Drop, n., 4. (d). -- Drop seed. (Bot.) See the List under Glass. -- Drop serene. (Med.) See Amaurosis.

DROP Drop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dropped or Dropt; p. pr. & vb. n. Dropping.] Etym: [OE. droppen, AS. dropan, v. i. See Drop, n.]

1. To pour or let fall in drops; to pour in small globules; to distill. "The trees drop balsam." Creech. The recording angel, as he wrote it down, dropped a tear upon the word and blotted it out forever. Sterne.

2. To cause to fall in one portion, or by one motion, like a drop; to let fall; as, to drop a line in fishing; to drop a courtesy.

3. To let go; to dismiss; to set aside; to have done with; to discontinue; to forsake; to give up; to omit. They suddenly drop't the pursuit. S. Sharp. That astonishing ease with which fine ladies drop you and pick you up again. Thackeray. The connection had been dropped many years. Sir W. Scott. Dropping the too rough H in Hell and Heaven. Tennyson.

4. To bestow or communicate by a suggestion; to let fall in an indirect, cautious, or gentle manner; as, to drop hint, a word of counsel, etc.

5. To lower, as a curtain, or the muzzle of a gun, etc.

6. To send, as a letter; as, please drop me a line, a letter, word.

7. To give birth to; as, to drop a lamb.

8. To cover with drops; to variegate; to bedrop. Show to the sun their waved coats dropped with gold. Milton. To drop a vessel (Naut.), to leave it astern in a race or a chase; to outsail it.

DROP Drop, v. i.

1. To fall in drops. The kindly dew drops from the higher tree, And wets the little plants that lowly dwell. Spenser.

2. To fall, in general, literally or figuratively; as, ripe fruit drops from a tree; wise words drop from the lips. Mutilations of which the meaning has dropped out of memory. H. Spencer. When the sound of dropping nuts is heard. Bryant.

3. To let drops fall; to discharge itself in drops. The heavens . . . dropped at the presence of God. Ps. lxviii. 8.

4. To fall dead, or to fall in death. Nothing, says Seneca, so soon reconciles us to the thoughts of our own death, as the prospect of one friend after another dropping round us. Digby.

5. To come to an end; to cease; to pass out of mind; as, the affair dropped. Pope.

6. To come unexpectedly; -- with in or into; as, my old friend dropped in a moment. Steele. Takes care to drop in when he thinks you are just seated. Spectator.

7. To fall or be depressed; to lower; as, the point of the spear dropped a little.

8. To fall short of a mark. [R.] Often it drops or overshoots by the disproportion of distance. Collier.

9. To be deep in extent; to descend perpendicularly; as, her main topsail drops seventeen yards. To drop astern (Naut.), to go astern of another vessel; to be left behind; to slacken the speed of a vessel so as to fall behind and to let another pass a head. -- To drop down (Naut.), to sail, row, or move down a river, or toward the sea. -- To drop off, to fall asleep gently; also, to die. [Colloq.]

DROPLET Drop"let, n.

Defn: A little drop; a tear. Shak.

DROPLIGHT Drop"light`, n.

Defn: An apparatus for bringing artificial light down from a chandelier nearer to a table or desk; a pendant.

DROPMEAL; DROPMELE Drop"meal`, Drop"mele`, adv. Etym: [AS. drop-m; dropa drop + m portion. Cf. Piecemeal.]

Defn: By drops or small portions. [Obs.] Distilling dropmeal, a little at once. Holland.

DROPPER Drop"per, n.

1. One who, or that which, drops. Specif.: (Fishing) A fly that drops from the leaden above the bob or end fly.

2. A dropping tube.

3. (Mining)

Defn: A branch vein which drops off from, or leaves, the main lode.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A dog which suddenly drops upon the ground when it sights game, -- formerly a common, and still an occasional, habit of the setter.

DROPPING Drop"ping, n.

1. The action of causing to drop or of letting drop; falling.

2. pl.

Defn: That which falls in drops; the excrement or dung of animals. Dropping bottle, an instrument used to supply small quantities of a fluid to a test tube or other vessel. -- Dropping fire, a continued irregular discharge of firearms. -- Dropping tube, a tube for ejecting any liquid in drops.

DROPPINGLY Drop"ping*ly, adv.

Defn: In drops.

DROPSICAL Drop"si*cal, a. Etym: [From Dropsy.]

1. Diseased with dropsy; hydropical; tending to dropsy; as, a dropsical patient.

2. Of or pertaining to dropsy.

DROPSICALNESS Drop"si*cal*ness, n.

Defn: State of being dropsical.

DROPSIED Drop"sied, a.

Defn: Diseased with drops. Shak.

DROPSY Drop"sy, n.; pl. Dropsies. Etym: [OE. dropsie, dropesie, OF. idropisie, F. hydropisie, L. hydropisis, fr. Gr. Water, and cf. Hydropsy.] (Med.)

Defn: An unnatural collection of serous fluid in any serous cavity of the body, or in the subcutaneous cellular tissue. Dunglison.

DROPT Dropt,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Drop, v. G. Eliot.

DROPWISE Drop"wise`, adv.

Defn: After the manner of a drop; in the form of drops. Trickling dropwise from the cleft. Tennyson.

DROPWORM Drop"worm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The larva of any geometrid moth, which drops from trees by means of a thread of silk, as the cankerworm.

DROPWORT Drop"wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: An Old World species of Spiræa (S. filipendula), with finely cut leaves.

DROSERA Dros"e*ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of low perennial or biennial plants, the leaves of which are beset with gland-tipped bristles. See Sundew. Gray.

DROSKY Dros"ky, n.; pl. Droskies. Etym: [Russ. drojki, dim. of drogi a kind of carriage, prop. pl. of droga shaft or pole of a carriage.]

Defn: A low, four-wheeled, open carriage, used in Russia, consisting of a kind of long, narrow bench, on which the passengers ride as on a saddle, with their feet reaching nearly to the ground. Other kinds of vehicles are now so called, esp. a kind of victoria drawn by one or two horses, and used as a public carriage in German cities. [Written also droitzschka, and droschke.]

DROSOMETER Dro*som"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. drosométre.] (Meteorol.)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the quantity of dew on the surface of a body in the open air. It consists of a balance, having a plate at one end to receive the dew, and at the other a weight protected from the deposit of dew.

DROSS Dross, n. Etym: [AS. dros, fr. dreósan to fall. See Dreary.]

1. The scum or refuse matter which is thrown off, or falls from, metals in smelting the ore, or in the process of melting; recrement.

2. Rust of metals. [R.] Addison.

3. Waste matter; any worthless matter separated from the better part; leavings; dregs; refuse. All world's glory is but dross unclean. Spenser. At the devil's booth are all things sold, Each ounce of dross coats its ounce of gold. Lowell.

DROSSEL Dros"sel, n. Etym: [Cf. Drazel.]

Defn: A slut; a hussy; a drazel. [Obs.] Warner.

DROSSLESS Dross"less, a.

Defn: Free from dross. Stevens.

DROSSY Dross"y, a. [Compar. Drossier; superl. Drossiest.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, resembling, dross; full of dross; impure; worthless. " Drossy gold." Dryden. "Drossy rhymes." Donne. -- Dross"i*ness, n.

DROTCHEL Drotch"el, n.

Defn: See Drossel. [Obs.]

DROUGH Drough, imp.

Defn: of Draw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DROUGHT Drought, n. Etym: [OE. droght, drougth, dru, AS. druga, from drugian to dry. See Dry, and cf. Drouth, which shows the original final sound.]

1. Dryness; want of rain or of water; especially, such dryness of the weather as affects the earth, and prevents the growth of plants; aridity. The drought of March hath pierced to the root. Chaucer. In a drought the thirsty creatures cry. Dryden.

2. Thirst; want of drink. Johnson.

3. Scarcity; lack. A drought of Christian writers caused a dearth of all history. Fuller.

DROUGHTINESS Drought"i*ness, n.

Defn: A state of dryness of the weather; want of rain.

DROUGHTY Drought"y, a.

1. Characterized by drought; wanting rain; arid; adust. Droughty and parched countries. Ray.

2. Dry; thirsty; wanting drink. Thy droughty throat. Philips.

DROUMY Drou"my, a. Etym: [Cf. Scot. drum, dram, melancholy, Icel prumr a moper, W. trwm heavy, sad.]

Defn: Troubled; muddy. [Obs.] Bacon.

DROUTH Drouth, n.

Defn: Same as Drought. Sandys. Another ill accident is drouth at the spindling of corn. Bacon. One whose drouth [thirst], Yet scarce allayed, still eyes the current stream. Milton. In the dust and drouth of London life. Tennyson.

DROUTHY Drouth"y, a.

Defn: Droughty.

DROVE Drove, imp.

Defn: of Drive.

DROVE Drove, n. Etym: [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]

1. A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body.

2. Any collection of irrational animals, moving or driving forward; as, a finny drove. Milton.

3. A crowd of people in motion. Where droves, as at a city gate, may pass. Dryden.

4. A road for driving cattle; a driftway. [Eng.]

5. (Agric.)

Defn: A narrow drain or channel used in the irrigation of land. Simmonds.

6. (Masonry) (a) A broad chisel used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface; -- called also drove chisel. (b) The grooved surface of stone finished by the drove chisel; -- called also drove work.

DROVEN Dro"ven, p. p.

Defn: of Drive. [Obs.]

DROVER Dro"ver, n.

1. One who drives cattle or sheep to market; one who makes it his business to purchase cattle, and drive them to market. Why, that's spoken like an honest drover; so they sell bullocks. Shak.

2. A boat driven by the tide. [Obs.] Spenser.

DROVY Dro"vy, a. Etym: [AS. dr dirty; cf. D. droef, G. trübe, Goth. dr to trouble.]

Defn: Turbid; muddy; filthy. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DROW Drow, imp.

Defn: of Draw. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DROWN Drown, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drowned; p. pr. & vb. n. Drowning.] Etym: [OE. drunen, drounen, earlier drunknen, druncnien, AS. druncnian to be drowned, sink, become drunk, fr. druncen drunken. See Drunken, Drink.]

Defn: To be suffocated in water or other fluid; to perish in water. Methought, what pain it was to drown. Shak.

DROWN Drown, v. t.

1. To overwhelm in water; to submerge; to inundate. "They drown the land." Dryden.

2. To deprive of life by immersion in water or other liquid.

3. To overpower; to overcome; to extinguish; -- said especially of sound. Most men being in sensual pleasures drowned. Sir J. Davies. My private voice is drowned amid the senate. Addison. To drown up, to swallow up. [Obs.] Holland.

DROWNAGE Drown"age, n.

Defn: The act of drowning. [R.]

DROWNER Drown"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, drowns.

DROWSE Drowse, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drowsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Drowsing.] Etym: [AS. dr, dr, to sink, become slow or inactive; cf. OD. droosen to be sleepy, fall asleep, LG. dr, druusken, to slumber, fall down with a noise; prob, akin to AS. dreósan to fall. See Dreary.]

Defn: To sleep imperfectly or unsoundly; to slumber; to be heavy with sleepiness; to doze. "He drowsed upon his couch." South. In the pool drowsed the cattle up to their knees. Lowell.

DROWSE Drowse, v. t.

Defn: To make heavy with sleepiness or imperfect sleep; to make dull or stupid. Milton.

DROWSE Drowse, n.

Defn: A slight or imperfect sleep; a doze. But smiled on in a drowse of ecstasy. Mrs. Browning.

DROWSIHEAD Drow"si*head, n.

Defn: Drowsiness. Thomson.

DROWSIHED Drow"si*hed, n.

Defn: Drowsihead. [Obs.] Spenser.

DROWSILY Drow"si*ly, adv.

Defn: In a drowsy manner.

DROWSINESS Drow"si*ness, n.

Defn: State of being drowsy. Milton.

DROWSY Drow"sy, a. [Compar. Drowsier; superl. Drowsiest.]

1. Inclined to drowse; heavy with sleepiness; lethargic; dozy. "When I am drowsy." Shak. Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray. Shak. To our age's drowsy blood Still shouts the inspiring sea. Lowell.

2. Disposing to sleep; lulling; soporific. The drowsy hours, dispensers of all good. Tennyson.

3. Dull; stupid. " Drowsy reasoning." Atterbury.

Syn. -- Sleepy; lethargic; dozy; somnolent; comatose; dull heavy; stupid.

DROWTH Drowth, n.

Defn: See Drought. Bacon.

DROYLE Droyle, v. i.

Defn: See Droil. [Obs.] Spenser.

DRUB Drub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Drubbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Drubbing.] Etym: [Cf. Prov. E. drab to beat, Icel. & Sw. drabba to hit, beat, Dan. dræbe to slay, and perh. OE. drepen to strike, kill, AS. drepan to strike, G. & D. freffen to hit, touch, Icel. drepa to strike, kill.]

Defn: To beat with a stick; to thrash; to cudgel. Soundly Drubbed with a good honest cudgel. L'Estrange.

DRUB Drub, n.

Defn: A blow with a cudgel; a thump. Addison.

DRUBBER Drub"ber, n.

Defn: One who drubs. Sir W. Scott.

DRUDGE Drudge, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drudged; p. pr. & vb. n. Drudging.] Etym: [OE. druggen; prob not akin to E. drag, v. t., but fr. Celtic; cf. Ir. drugaire a slave or drudge.]

Defn: To perform menial work; to labor in mean or unpleasant offices with toil and fatigue. He gradually rose in the estimation of the booksellers for whom he drudged. Macaulay.

DRUDGE Drudge, v. t.

Defn: To consume laboriously; -- with away. Rise to our toils and drudge away the day. Otway.

DRUDGE Drudge, n.

Defn: One who drudges; one who works hard in servile employment; a mental servant. Milton.

DRUDGER Drudg"er, n.

1. One who drudges; a drudge.

2. A dredging box.

DRUDGERY Drudg"er*y, n.

Defn: The act of drudging; disagreeable and wearisome labor; ignoble or slavish toil. The drudgery of penning definitions. Macaulay. Paradise was a place of bliss . . . without drudgery and with out sorrow. Locke.

Syn. -- See Toll.

DRUDGING BOX Drudg"ing box`.

Defn: See Dredging box.

DRUDGINGLY Drudg"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a drudging manner; laboriously.

DRUERY Dru"er*y, n. Etym: [OF. druerie.]

Defn: Courtship; gallantry; love; an object of love. [Obs.] Chaucer.

DRUG Drug, v. i. Etym: [See 1st Drudge.]

Defn: To drudge; to toil laboriously. [Obs.] "To drugge and draw." Chaucer.

DRUG Drug, n.

Defn: A drudge. Shak. (Timon iv. 3, 253).

DRUG Drug, n. Etym: [F. drogue, prob. fr. D. droog; akin to E. dry; thus orig., dry substance, hers, plants, or wares. See Dry.]

1. Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations. Whence merchants bring Their spicy drugs. Milton.

2. Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand. "But sermons are mere drugs." Fielding. And virtue shall a drug become. Dryden.

DRUG Drug, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drugged; p. pr. & vb. n. Drugging.] Etym: [Cf. F. droguer.]

Defn: To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines. B. Jonson.

DRUG Drug, v. t.

1. To affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp., to stupefy by a narcotic drug. Also Fig. The laboring masses . . . [were] drugged into brutish good humor by a vast system of public spectacles. C. Kingsley. Drug thy memories, lest thou learn it. Tennyson.

2. To tincture with something offensive or injurious. Drugged as oft, With hatefullest disrelish writhed their jaws. Milton.

3. To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs. With pleasure drugged, he almost longed for woe. Byron.

DRUGGER Drug"ger, n.

Defn: A druggist. [Obs.] Burton.

DRUGGET Drug"get, n. Etym: [F. droguet, prop. dim. of drogue trash, stuff, perh, the same word as drogue drug, but cf. also W. drwg evil, bad, Ir. & Gael. droch, Arm. droug, drouk. See 3d Drug.] (a) A coarse woolen cloth dyed of one color or printed on one side; generally used as a covering for carpets. (b) By extension, any material used for the same purpose.

DRUGGIST Drug"gist, n. Etym: [F. droguiste, fr. drogue. See 3d Drug.]

Defn: One who deals in drugs; especially, one who buys and sells drugs without compounding them; also, a pharmaceutist or apothecary.

Note: The same person often carries on the business of the druggist and the apothecary. See the Note under Apothecary.

DRUGSTER Drug"ster, n.

Defn: A druggist. [Obs.] Boule.

DRUID Dru"id, n. Etym: [L. Druides; of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. draoi, druidh, magician, Druid, W. derwydd Druid.]

1. One of an order of priests which in ancient times existed among certain branches of the Celtic race, especially among the Gauls and Britons.

Note: The Druids superintended the affairs of religion and morality, and exercised judicial functions. They practiced divination and magic, and sacrificed human victims as a part of their worship. They consisted of three classes; the bards, the vates or prophets, and the Druids proper, or priests. Their most sacred rites were performed in the depths of oak forests or of caves.

2. A member of a social and benevolent order, founded in London in 1781, and professedly based on the traditions of the ancient Druids. Lodges or groves of the society are established in other countries. Druid stones, a name given, in the south of England, to weatherworn, rough pillars of gray sandstone scattered over the chalk downs, but in other countries generally in the form of circles, or in detached pillars.

DRUIDESS Dru"id*ess, n.

Defn: A female Druid; a prophetess.

DRUIDIC; DRUIDICAL Dru*id"ic, Dru*id"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the Druids. Druidical circles. See under Circle.

DRUIDISH Dru"id*ish, a.

Defn: Druidic.

DRUIDISM Dru"id*ism, n.

Defn: The system of religion, philosophy, and instruction, received and taught by the Druids; the rites and ceremonies of the Druids.

DRUM Drum, n. Etym: [Cf. D. trom, trommel, LG. trumme, G. trommel, Dan. tromme, Sw. trumma, OHG. trumba a trumpet, Icel. pruma a clap of thunder, and as a verb, to thunder, Dan. drum a booming sound, drumme to boom; prob. partly at least of imitative origin; perh. akin to E. trum, or trumpet.]

1. (Mus.)

Defn: An instrument of percussion, consisting either of a hollow cylinder, over each end of which is stretched a piece of skin or vellum, to be beaten with a stick; or of a metallic hemisphere (kettledrum) with a single piece of skin to be so beaten; the common instrument for marking time in martial music; one of the pair of tympani in an orchestra, or cavalry band. The drums cry bud-a-dub. Gascoigne.

2. Anything resembling a drum in form; as: (a) A sheet iron radiator, often in the shape of a drum, for warming an apartment by means of heat received from a stovepipe, or a cylindrical receiver for steam, etc. (b) A small cylindrical box in which figs, etc., are packed. (c) (Anat.) The tympanum of the ear; -- often, but incorrectly, applied to the tympanic membrane. (d) (Arch.)

Defn: One of the cylindrical, or nearly cylindrical, blocks, of which the shaft of a column is composed; also, a vertical wall, whether circular or polygonal in plan, carrying a cupola or dome. (e) (Mach.)

Defn: A cylinder on a revolving shaft, generally for the purpose of driving several pulleys, by means of belts or straps passing around its periphery; also, the barrel of a hoisting machine, on which the rope or chain is wound.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Drumfish.

4. A noisy, tumultuous assembly of fashionable people at a private house; a rout. [Archaic] Not unaptly styled a drum, from the noise and emptiness of the entertainment. Smollett.

Note: There were also drum major, rout, tempest, and hurricane, differing only in degrees of multitude and uproar, as the significant name of each declares.

5. A tea party; a kettledrum. G. Eliot. Bass drum. See in the Vocabulary. -- Double drum. See under Double.

DRUM Drum, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Drummed; p. pr. & vb. n. Drumming.]

1. To beat a drum with sticks; to beat or play a tune on a drum.

2. To beat with the fingers, as with drumsticks; to beat with a rapid succession of strokes; to make a noise like that of a beaten drum; as, the ruffed grouse drums with his wings. Drumming with his fingers on the arm of his chair. W. Irving.

3. To throb, as the heart. [R.] Dryden.

4. To go about, as a drummer does, to gather recruits, to draw or secure partisans, customers, etc,; -- with for.

DRUM Drum, v. t.

1. To execute on a drum, as a tune.

2. (With out) To expel ignominiously, with beat of drum; as, to drum out a deserter or rogue from a camp, etc.

3. (With up) To assemble by, or as by, beat of drum; to collect; to gather or draw by solicitation; as, to drum up recruits; to drum up customers.

DRUMBEAT Drum"beat`, n.

Defn: The sound of a beaten drum; drum music. Whose morning drumbeat, following the sun, and keeping company with the hours, circles the earth with one continuous and unbroken strain of the martial airs of England. D. Webster.

DRUMBLE Drum"ble, v. i. Etym: [See Drumly.]

1. To be sluggish or lazy; to be confused. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To mumble in speaking. [Obs.]

DRUMFISH Drum"fish`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: any fish of the family Sciænidæ, which makes a loud noise by means of its air bladder; -- called also drum.

Note: The common drumfish (Pogonias chromis) is a large species, common south of New Jersey. The southern red drum or red horse (Sciæna ocellata), and the fresh-water drum or croaker (Aplodionotus grunniens), are related species.

DRUMHEAD Drum"head`, n.

1. The parchment or skin stretched over one end of a drum.

2. The top of a capstan which is pierced with sockets for levers used in turning it. See Illust. of Capstan. Drumhead court-martial (Mil.), a summary court-martial called to try offenses on the battlefield or the line of march, when, sometimes, a drumhead has to do service as a writing table.

DRUMLIN Drum"lin, n. Etym: [Gael. druim the ridge of a hill.] (Geol.)

Defn: A hill of compact, unstratified, glacial drift or till, usually elongate or oval, with the larger axis parallel to the former local glacial motion.

DRUMLY Drum"ly, a. Etym: [Cf. Droumy.]

Defn: Turbid; muddy. [Scot. & Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Wodroephe (1623). Burns.

DRUM MAJOR Drum" ma"jor

Defn: .

1. The chief or first drummer of a regiment; an instructor of drummers.

2. The marching leader of a military band. [U.S.]

3. A noisy gathering. [R.] See under Drum, n.,

4.

DRUMMER Drum"mer, n.

1. One whose office is to best the drum, as in military exercises and marching.

2. One who solicits custom; a commercial traveler. [Colloq. U.S.] Bartlett.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fish that makes a sound when caught; as: (a) The squeteague. (b) A California sculpin.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large West Indian cockroach (Blatta gigantea) which drums on woodwork, as a sexual call.

DRUMMING Drum"ming, n.

Defn: The act of beating upon, or as if upon, a drum; also, the noise which the male of the ruffed grouse makes in spring, by beating his wings upon his sides.

DRUMMOND LIGHT Drum"mond light`. Etym: [From Thomas Drummond, a British naval officer.]

Defn: A very intense light, produced by turning two streams of gas, one oxygen and the other hydrogen, or coal gas, in a state of ignition, upon a ball of lime; or a stream of oxygen gas through a flame of alcohol upon a ball or disk of lime; -- called also oxycalcium light, or lime light.

Note: The name is also applied sometimes to a heliostat, invented by Drummond, for rendering visible a distant point, as in geodetic surveying, by reflecting upon it a beam of light from the sun.

DRUMSTICK Drum"stick`, n.

1. A stick with which a drum is beaten.

2. Anything resembling a drumstick in form, as the tibiotarsus, or second joint, of the leg of a fowl.

DRUM WINDING Drum winding. (Elec.)

Defn: A method of armature winding in which the wire is wound upon the outer surface of a cylinder or drum from end to end of the cylinder; -- distinguished from ring winding, etc.

DRUNK Drunk, a. Etym: [OE. dronke, drunke, dronken, drunken, AS. druncen. Orig. the same as drunken, p. p. of drink. See Drink.]

1. Intoxicated with, or as with, strong drink; inebriated; drunken; - - never used attributively, but always predicatively; as, the man is drunk (not, a drunk man). Be not drunk with wine, where in is excess. Eph. v. 18. Drunk with recent prosperity. Macaulay.

2. Drenched or saturated with moisture or liquid. I will make mine arrows drunk with blood. Deut. xxxii. 42.

DRUNK Drunk, n.

Defn: A drunken condition; a spree. [Slang]

DRUNKARD Drunk"ard, n. Etym: [Drunk + -ard.]

Defn: One who habitually drinks strong liquors immoderately; one whose habit it is to get drunk; a toper; a sot. The drunkard and glutton shall come to poverty. Prov. xxiii. 21.

DRUNKEN Drunk"en, a. Etym: [AS. druncen, prop., that has drunk, p. p. of drincan, taken as active. See Drink, v. i., and cf. Drunk.]

1. Overcome by strong drink; intoxicated by, or as by, spirituous liquor; inebriated. Drunken men imagine everything turneth round. Bacon.

2. Saturated with liquid or moisture; drenched. Let the earth be drunken with our blood. Shak.

3. Pertaining to, or proceeding from, intoxication. The drunken quarrels of a rake. Swift.

DRUNKENHEAD Drunk"en*head, n.

Defn: Drunkenness. [Obs.]

DRUNKENLY Drunk"en*ly, adv.

Defn: In a drunken manner. [R.] Shak.

DRUNKENNESS Drunk"en*ness, n.

1. The state of being drunken with, or as with, alcoholic liquor; intoxication; inebriety; -- used of the casual state or the habit. The Lacedemonians trained up their children to hate drunkenness by bringing a drunken man into their company. I. Watts.

2. Disorder of the faculties, resembling intoxication by liquors; inflammation; frenzy; rage. Passion is the drunkenness of the mind. South.

Syn. -- Intoxication; inebriation; inebriety. -- Drunkenness, Intoxication, Inebriation. Drunkenness refers more to the habit; intoxication and inebriation, to specific acts. The first two words are extensively used in a figurative sense; a person is intoxicated with success, and is drunk with joy. "This plan of empire was not taken up in the first intoxication of unexpected success." Burke.

DRUNKENSHIP; DRUNKSHIP Drunk"en*ship, Drunk"ship, n.

Defn: The state of being drunk; drunkenness. [Obs.] Gower.

DRUPACEOUS Dru*pa"ceous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. drupacé.] (Bot.)

Defn: Producing, or pertaining to, drupes; having the form of drupes; as, drupaceous trees or fruits.

DRUPAL Drup"al, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Drupaceous.

DRUPE Drupe, n. Etym: [F. drupe, L. drupa an overripe, wrinkled olive, fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A fruit consisting of pulpy, coriaceous, or fibrous exocarp, without valves, containing a nut or stone with a kernel. The exocarp is succulent in the plum, cherry, apricot, peach, etc.; dry and subcoriaceous in the almond; and fibrous in the cocoanut.

DRUPEL; DRUPELET Drup"el, Drupe"let, n. Etym: [Dim. of Drupe.] (Bot.)

Defn: A small drupe, as one of the pulpy grains of the blackberry.

DRUSE Druse, n. Etym: [Cf. G. druse bonny, crystallized piece of ore, Bohem. druza. Cf. Dross.] (Min.)

Defn: A cavity in a rock, having its interior surface studded with crystals and sometimes filled with water; a geode.

DRUSE Druse, n.

Defn: One of a people and religious sect dwelling chiefly in the Lebanon mountains of Syria. The Druses separated from the Mohammedan Arabs in the 9th century. Their characteristic dogma is the unity of God. Am. Cyc.

DRUSY; DRUSED Dru"sy, Drused, a. (Min.)

Defn: Covered with a large number of minute crystals.

DRUXEY; DRUXY Drux"ey, Drux"y, a. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.]

Defn: Having decayed spots or streaks of a whitish color; -- said of timber. Weale.

DRY Dry, a. [Compar. Drier; superl. Driest.] Etym: [OE. dru, druye, drie, AS. dryge; akin to LG. dröge, D. droog, OHG. trucchan, G. trocken, Icel. draugr a dry log. Cf. Drought, Drouth, 3d Drug.]

1. Free from moisture; having little humidity or none; arid; not wet or moist; deficient in the natural or normal supply of moisture, as rain or fluid of any kind; -- said especially: (a) Of the weather: Free from rain or mist. The weather, we agreed, was too dry for the season. Addison.

(b) Of vegetable matter: Free from juices or sap; not succulent; not green; as, dry wood or hay. (c) Of animals: Not giving milk; as, the cow is dry. (d) Of persons: Thirsty; needing drink. Give the dry fool drink. Shak

(e) Of the eyes: Not shedding tears. Not a dry eye was to be seen in the assembly. Prescott. (f) (Med.)

Defn: Of certain morbid conditions, in which there is entire or comparative absence of moisture; as, dry gangrene; dry catarrh.

2. Destitute of that which interests or amuses; barren; unembellished; jejune; plain. These epistles will become less dry, more susceptible of ornament. Pope.

3. Characterized by a quality somewhat severe, grave, or hard; hence, sharp; keen; shrewd; quaint; as, a dry tone or manner; dry wit. He was rather a dry, shrewd kind of body. W. Irving.

4. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Exhibiting a sharp, frigid preciseness of execution, or the want of a delicate contour in form, and of easy transition in coloring. Dry area (Arch.), a small open space reserved outside the foundation of a building to guard it from damp. -- Dry blow. (a) (Med.) A blow which inflicts no wound, and causes no effusion of blood. (b) A quick, sharp blow. -- Dry bone (Min.), Smithsonite, or carbonate of zinc; -- a miner's term. -- Dry castor (Zoöl.) a kind of beaver; -- called also parchment beaver. -- Dry cupping. (Med.) See under Cupping. -- Dry dock. See under Dock. -- Dry fat. See Dry vat (below). -- Dry light, pure unobstructed light; hence, a clear, impartial view. Bacon. The scientific man must keep his feelings under stern control, lest they obtrude into his researches, and color the dry light in which alone science desires to see its objects. J. C. Shairp. -- Dry masonry. See Masonry. -- Dry measure, a system of measures of volume for dry or coarse articles, by the bushel, peck, etc. -- Dry pile (Physics), a form of the Voltaic pile, constructed without the use of a liquid, affording a feeble current, and chiefly useful in the construction of electroscopes of great delicacy; -- called also Zamboni's , from the names of the two earliest constructors of it. -- Dry pipe (Steam Engine), a pipe which conducts dry steam from a boiler. -- Dry plate (Photog.), a glass plate having a dry coating sensitive to light, upon which photographic negatives or pictures can be made, without moistening. -- Dry-plate process, the process of photographing with dry plates. -- Dry point. (Fine Arts) (a) An engraving made with the needle instead of the burin, in which the work is done nearly as in etching, but is finished without the use acid. (b) A print from such an engraving, usually upon paper. (c) Hence: The needle with which such an engraving is made. -- Dry rent (Eng. Law), a rent reserved by deed, without a clause of distress. Bouvier. -- Dry rot, a decay of timber, reducing its fibers to the condition of a dry powdery dust, often accompanied by the presence of a peculiar fungus (Merulius lacrymans), which is sometimes considered the cause of the decay; but it is more probable that the real cause is the decomposition of the wood itself. D. C. Eaton. Called also sap rot, and, in the United States, powder post. Hebert. -- Dry stove, a hothouse adapted to preserving the plants of arid climates. Brande & C. -- Dry vat, a vat, basket, or other receptacle for dry articles. -- Dry wine, that in which the saccharine matter and fermentation were so exactly balanced, that they have wholly neutralized each other, and no sweetness is perceptible; -- opposed to sweet wine, in which the saccharine matter is in excess.

DRY Dry, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dried; p. pr. & vb. n. Drying.] Etym: [AS. drygan; cf. drugian to grow dry. See Dry, a.]

Defn: To make dry; to free from water, or from moisture of any kind, and by any means; to exsiccate; as, to dry the eyes; to dry one's tears; the wind dries the earth; to dry a wet cloth; to dry hay. To dry up. (a) To scorch or parch with thirst; to deprive utterly of water; to consume. Their honorable men are famished, and their multitude dried up with thirst. Is. v. 13. The water of the sea, which formerly covered it, was in time exhaled and dried up by the sun. Woodward. (b) To make to cease, as a stream of talk. Their sources of revenue were dried up. Jowett (Thucyd. ) -- To dry, or dry up, a cow, to cause a cow to cease secreting milk. Tylor.

DRY Dry, v. i.

1. To grow dry; to become free from wetness, moisture, or juice; as, the road dries rapidly.

2. To evaporate wholly; to be exhaled; -- said of moisture, or a liquid; -- sometimes with up; as, the stream dries, or dries up.

3. To shrivel or wither; to lose vitality. And his hand, which he put forth against him, dried up, so that he could not pull it in again to him. I Kings xiii. 4.

DRYAD Dry"ad, n. Etym: [L. dryas, pl. dryades, Gr. Tree.] (Class. Myth.)

Defn: A wood nymph; a nymph whose life was bound up with that of her tree.

DRYANDRA Dry*an"dra, n. Etym: [NL. Named after J. Dryander.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs growing in Australia, having beautiful, hard, dry, evergreen leaves.

DRYAS Dry"as, n.; pl. Dryades. Etym: [L. See Dryad.] (Class. Myth.)

Defn: A dryad.

DRY-BEAT Dry"-beat`, v. t.

Defn: To beat severely. Shak.

DRY-BONED Dry"-boned`, a.

Defn: Having dry bones, or bones without flesh.

DRY DOCK Dry" dock`. (Naut.)

Defn: See under Dock.

DRYER Dry"er, n.

Defn: See Drier. Sir W. Temple.

DRY-EYED Dry"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Not having tears in the eyes.

DRY-FISTED Dry"-fist`ed, a.

Defn: Niggardly.

DRYFOOT Dry"foot, n.

Defn: The scent of the game, as far as it can be traced. [Obs.] Shak.

DRY GOODS Dry" goods`.

Defn: A commercial name for textile fabrics, cottons, woolens, linen, silks, laces, etc., -- in distinction from groceries. [U.S.]

DRYING Dry"ing, a.

1. Adapted or tending to exhaust moisture; as, a drying wind or day; a drying room.

2. Having the quality of rapidly becoming dry. Drying oil, an oil which, either naturally or after boiling with oxide of lead, absorbs oxygen from the air and dries up rapidly. Drying oils are used as the bases of many paints and varnishes.

DRYLY Dry"ly, adv.

Defn: In a dry manner; not succulently; without interest; without sympathy; coldly.

DRYNESS Dry"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dry. See Dry.

DRY NURSE Dry" nurse`.

Defn: A nurse who attends and feeds a child by hand; -- in distinction from a wet nurse, who suckles it.

DRYNURSE Dry"nurse`, v. t.

Defn: To feed, attend, and bring up without the breast. Hudibras.

DRYOBALANOPS Dry`o*bal"a*nops, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The genus to which belongs the single species D. Camphora, a lofty resinous tree of Borneo and Sumatra, yielding Borneo camphor and camphor oil.

DRY-RUB Dry"-rub`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dry-rubbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dry- rubbing.]

Defn: To rub and cleanse without wetting. Dodsley.

DRYSALTER Dry"salt`er, n.

Defn: A dealer in salted or dried meats, pickles, sauces, etc., and in the materials used in pickling, salting, and preserving various kinds of food Hence drysalters usually sell a number of saline substances and miscellaneous drugs. Brande & C.

DRYSALTERY Dry"salt`er*y, n.

Defn: The articles kept by a drysalter; also, the business of a drysalter.

DRY-SHOD Dry"-shod`, a.

Defn: Without wetting the feet.

DRY-STONE Dry"-stone`, a.

Defn: Constructed of uncemented stone. "Dry-stone walls." Sir W. Scott.

DRYTH; DRITH Dryth, or Drith, n.

Defn: Drought. [Obs.] Tyndale.

DUAD Du"ad, n. Etym: [See Dyad.]

Defn: A union of two; duality. [R.] Harris.

DUAL Du"al, a. Etym: [L. dualis, fr. duo two. See Two.]

Defn: Expressing, or consisting of, the number two; belonging to two; as, the dual number of nouns, etc. , in Greek. Here you have one half of our dual truth. Tyndall.

DUALIN Du"a*lin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An explosive substance consisting essentially of sawdust or wood pulp, saturated with nitroglycerin and other similar nitro compounds. It is inferior to dynamite, and is more liable to explosion.

DUALISM Du"al*ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dualisme.]

Defn: State of being dual or twofold; a twofold division; any system which is founded on a double principle, or a twofold distinction; as: (a) (Philos.) A view of man as constituted of two original and independent elements, as matter and spirit. (Theol.) (b) A system which accepts two gods, or two original principles, one good and the other evil. (c) The doctrine that all mankind are divided by the arbitrary decree of God, and in his eternal foreknowledge, into two classes, the elect and the reprobate. (d) (Physiol.) The theory that each cerebral hemisphere acts independently of the other. An inevitable dualism bisects nature, so that each thing is a half, and suggests another thing to make it whole. Emerson.

DUALIST Du"al*ist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dualiste.]

1. One who believes in dualism; a ditheist.

2. One who administers two offices. Fuller.

DUALISTIC Du`al*is"tic, a.

Defn: Consisting of two; pertaining to dualism or duality. Dualistic system or theory (Chem.), the theory, originated by Lavoisier and developed by Berzelius, that all definite compounds are binary in their nature, and consist of two distinct constituents, themselves simple or complex, and possessed of opposite chemical or electrical affinities.

DUALITY Du"al"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. dualitas: cf. F. dualité.]

Defn: The quality or condition of being two or twofold; dual character or usage.

DUAN Du"an, n. Etym: [Gael. & Ir.]

Defn: A division of a poem corresponding to a canto; a poem or song. [R.]

DUARCHY Du"ar*chy, n. Etym: [Gr. -archy.]

Defn: Government by two persons.

DUB Dub, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dubbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dubbing.] Etym: [AS. dubban to strike, beat ("dubbade his sunu . . . to ridere." AS. Chron. an 1086); akin to Icel. dubba; cf. OF. adouber (prob. fr. Icel.) a chevalier, Icel. dubba til riddara.]

1. To confer knight.

Note: The conclusion of the ceremony was marked by a tap on the shoulder with the sword.

2. To invest with any dignity or new character; to entitle; to call. A man of wealth is dubbed a man of worth. Pope.

3. To clothe or invest; to ornament; to adorn. [Obs.] His diadem was dropped down Dubbed with stones. Morte d'Arthure.

4. To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab; as: (a) To dress with an adz; as, to dub a stick of timber smooth.

(b) To strike cloth with teasels to raise a nap. Halliwell. (c) To rub or dress with grease, as leather in the process of cyrrying it. Tomlinson. (d) To prepare for fighting, as a gamecock, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and wattles. To dub a fly, to dress a fishing fly. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. -- To dub out (Plastering), to fill out, as an uneven surface, to a plane, or to carry out a series of small projections.

DUB Dub, v. i.

Defn: To make a noise by brisk drumbeats. "Now the drum dubs." Beau. & Fl.

DUB Dub, n.

Defn: A blow. [R.] Hudibras.

DUB Dub, n. Etym: [Cf. Ir. dób mire, stream, W. dwvr water.]

Defn: A pool or puddle. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DUBB Dubb, n. Etym: [Ar.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Syrian bear. See under Bear. [Written also dhubb, and dub.]

DUBBER Dub"ber, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dubs.

DUBBER Dub"ber, n. Etym: [Hind. dabbah.]

Defn: A globular vessel or bottle of leather, used in India to hold ghee, oil, etc. [Also written dupper.] M'Culloch.

DUBBING Dub"bing, n.

1. The act of dubbing, as a knight, etc.

2. The act of rubbing, smoothing, or dressing; a dressing off smooth with an adz.

3. A dressing of flour and water used by weavers; a mixture of oil and tallow for dressing leather; daubing.

4. The body substance of an angler's fly. Davy.

DUBIETY Du*bi"e*ty, n.; pl. Dubieties. Etym: [L. dubietas, fr. dubius. See Dubious.]

Defn: Doubtfulness; uncertainty; doubt. [R.] Lamb. "The dubiety of his fate." Sir W. Scott.

DUBIOSITY Du`bi*os"i*ty, n.; pl. Dubiosities. Etym: [L. dubiosus.]

Defn: The state of being doubtful; a doubtful statement or thing. [R.] Men often swallow falsities for truths, dubiosities for certainties, possibilities for feasibilities. Sir T. Browne.

DUBIOUS Du"bi*ous, a. Etym: [L. dubius, dubiosus, fr. duo two. See Two, and cf. Doubt.]

1. Doubtful or not settled in opinion; being in doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined. "Dubious policy." Sir T. Scott. A dubious, agitated state of mind. Thackeray.

2. Occasioning doubt; not clear, or obvious; equivocal; questionable; doubtful; as, a dubious answer. Wiping the dingy shirt with a still more dubious pocket handkerchief. Thackeray.

3. Of uncertain event or issue; as, in dubious battle.

Syn. -- Doubtful; doubting; unsettled; undetermined; equivocal; uncertain. Cf. Doubtful.

DUBIOUSLY Du"bi*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dubious manner.

DUBIOUSNESS Du"bi*ous*ness, n.

Defn: State of being dubious.

DUBITABLE Du"bi*ta*ble, a. Etym: [L. dubitabilis. Cf. Doubtable.]

Defn: Liable to be doubted; uncertain. [R.] Dr. H. More. -- Du"bi*ta*bly, adv. [R.]

DUBITANCY Du"bi*tan*cy, n. Etym: [LL. dubitantia.]

Defn: Doubt; uncertainty. [R.] Hammond.

DUBITATE Du"bi*tate, v. i. Etym: [L. dubitatus, p. p. of dubitare. See Doubt.]

Defn: To doubt. [R.] If he . . . were to loiter dubitating, and not come. Carlyle.

DUBITATION Du`bi*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. dubitatio.]

Defn: Act of doubting; doubt. [R.] Sir T. Scott.

DUBITATIVE Du"bi*ta*tive, a. Etym: [L. dubitativus: cf. F. dubitatif.]

Defn: Tending to doubt; doubtful. [R.] -- Du"bi*ta*tive*ly, adv. [R.] . Eliot.

DUBOISIA Du*bois"i*a, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: Same as Duboisine.

DUBOISINE Du*bois"ine, n. (Med.)

Defn: An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of an Australian tree (Duboisia myoporoides), and regarded as identical with hyoscyamine. It produces dilation of the pupil of the eye.

DUCAL Du"cal, a. Etym: [F. ducal. See Duke.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a duke. His ducal cap was to be exchanged for a kingly crown. Motley.

DUCALLY Du"cal*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a duke, or in a manner becoming the rank of a duke.

DUCAT Duc"at, n. Etym: [F. ducat, It. ducato, LL. ducatus, fr. dux leader or commander. See Duke.]

Defn: A coin, either of gold or silver, of several countries in Europe; originally, one struck in the dominions of a duke.

Note: The gold ducat is generally of the value of nine shillings and four pence sterling, or somewhat more that two dollars. The silver ducat is of about half this value.

DUCATOON Duc`a*toon", n. Etym: [F. or Sp. ducaton, fr. ducat.]

Defn: A silver coin of several countries of Europe, and of different values.

DUCES TECUM Du"ces te"cum. Etym: [L., bring with thee.]

Defn: A judicial process commanding a person to appear in court and bring with him some piece of evidence or other thing to be produced to the court.

DUCHESS Duch"ess, n. Etym: [F. duchesse, fr. duc duke.]

Defn: The wife or widow of a duke; also, a lady who has the sovereignty of a duchy in her own right.

DUCHESSE D'ANGOULEME Du`chesse" d'An`gou`lême". Etym: [F.] (Bot.)

Defn: A variety of pear of large size and excellent flavor.

DUCHESSE LACE Du`chesse" lace.

Defn: A beautiful variety of Brussels pillow lace made originally in Belgium and resembling Honiton guipure. It is worked with fine thread in large sprays, usually of the primrose pattern, with much raised work.

DUCHY Duch"y, n.; pl. Duchies. Etym: [F. duché, OF. duchée, (assumed) LL. ducitas, fr. L. dux. See Duke.]

Defn: The territory or dominions of a duke; a dukedom.

DUCK Duck, n. Etym: [Cf. Dan. dukke, Sw. docka, OHG. doccha, G. docke. Cf. Doxy.]

Defn: A pet; a darling. Shak.

DUCK Duck, n. Etym: [D. doek cloth, canvas, or Icel. d cloth; akin to OHG. tuoh, G. tuch, Sw. duk, Dan. dug.]

1. A linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric, finer and lighter than canvas, -- used for the lighter sails of vessels, the sacking of beds, and sometimes for men's clothing.

2. (Naut.) pl.

Defn: The light clothes worn by sailors in hot climates. [Colloq.]

DUCK Duck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ducked; p. pr. & vb. n. Ducking.] Etym: [OE. duken, douken, to dive; akin to D. duiken, OHG. t, MHG. tucken, tücken, t, G. tuchen. Cf. 5th Duck.]

1. To thrust or plunge under water or other liquid and suddenly withdraw. Adams, after ducking the squire twice or thrice, leaped out of the tub. Fielding.

2. To plunge the head of under water, immediately withdrawing it; as, duck the boy.

3. To bow; to bob down; to move quickly with a downward motion. " Will duck his head aside. Swift.

DUCK Duck, v. i.

1. To go under the surface of water and immediately reappear; to dive; to plunge the head in water or other liquid; to dip. In Tiber ducking thrice by break of day. Dryden.

2. To drop the head or person suddenly; to bow. The learned pate Ducks to the golden fool. Shak.

DUCK Duck, n. Etym: [OE. duke, doke. See Duck, v. t. ]

1. (Zool.)

Defn: Any bird of the subfamily Anatinæ, family Anatidæ.

Note: The genera and species are numerous. They are divided into river ducks and sea ducks. Among the former are the common domestic duck (Anas boschas); the wood duck (Aix sponsa); the beautiful mandarin duck of China (Dendronessa galeriliculata); the Muscovy duck, originally of South America (Cairina moschata). Among the sea ducks are the eider, canvasback, scoter, etc.

2. A sudden inclination of the bead or dropping of the person, resembling the motion of a duck in water. Here be, without duck or nod, Other trippings to be trod. Milton. Bombay duck (Zoöl.), a fish. See Bummalo. -- Buffel duck, or Spirit duck. See Buffel duck. -- Duck ant (Zoöl.), a species of white ant in Jamaica which builds large nests in trees. -- Duck barnacle. (Zoöl.) See Goose barnacle. -- Duck hawk. (Zoöl.) (a) In the United States: The peregrine falcon. (b) In England: The marsh harrier or moor buzzard. -- Duck mole (Zoöl.), a small aquatic mammal of Australia, having webbed feet and a bill resembling that of a duck (Ornithorhynchus anatinus). It belongs the subclass Monotremata and is remarkable for laying eggs like a bird or reptile; -- called also duckbill, platypus, mallangong, mullingong, tambreet, and water mole. -- To make ducks and drakes, to throw a flat stone obliquely, so as to make it rebound repeatedly from the surface of the water, raising a succession of jets; hence: To play at ducks and drakes, with property, to throw it away heedlessly or squander it foolishly and unprofitably. -- Lame duck. See under Lame.

DUCKBILL Duck"bill`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Duck mole, under Duck, n.

DUCK-BILLED Duck"-billed`, a.

Defn: Having a bill like that of a duck..

DUCKER Duck"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, ducks; a plunger; a diver.

2. A cringing, servile person; a fawner.

DUCKING Duck"ing, n. & a.

Defn: , from Duck, v. t. & i. Ducking stool, a stool or chair in which common scolds were formerly tied, and plunged into water, as a punishment. See Cucking stool. The practice of ducking began in the latter part of the 15th century, and prevailed until the early part of the 18th, and occasionally as late as the 19th century. Blackstone. Chambers.

DUCK-LEGGED Duck"-legged`, a.

Defn: Having short legs, like a waddling duck; short-legged. Dryden.

DUCKLING Duck"ling, n.

Defn: A young or little duck. Gay.

DUCKMEAT; DUCK'S-MEAT Duck"meat`, or Duck's"-meat`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Duckweed.

DUCK'S-BILL Duck's"-bill`, a.

Defn: Having the form of a duck's bill. Duck's-bill limpet (Zoöl.), a limpet of the genus Parmaphorus; -- so named from its shape.

DUCK'S-FOOT Duck's"-foot`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The May apple (Podophyllum peltatum).

DUCKWEED Duck"weed`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus (Lemna) of small plants, seen floating in great quantity on the surface of stagnant pools fresh water, and supposed to furnish food for ducks; -- called also duckmeat.

DUCT Duct, n. Etym: [L. ductus a leading, conducting, conduit, fr. ducere, ductum, to lead. See Duke, and cf. Douche.]

1. Any tube or canal by which a fluid or other substance is conducted or conveyed.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the vessels of an animal body by which the products of glandular secretion are conveyed to their destination.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: A large, elongated cell, either round or prismatic, usually found associated with woody fiber.

Note: Ducts are classified, according to the character of the surface of their walls, or their structure, as annular, spiral, scalariform, etc.

4. Guidance; direction. [Obs.] Hammond.

DUCTIBLE Duc"ti*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being drawn out [R.] Feltham.

DUCTILE Duc"tile, a. Etym: [L. ductilis, fr. ducere to lead: cf. F. ductile. See Duct.]

1. Easily led; tractable; complying; yielding to motives, persuasion, or instruction; as, a ductile people. Addison. Forms their ductile minds To human virtues. Philips.

2. Capable of being elongated or drawn out, as into wire or threads. Gold . . . is the softest and most ductile of all metals. Dryden. -- Duc"tile*ly, adv. -- Duc"tile*ness, n.

DUCTILIMETER Duc`ti*lim"e*ter, n. Etym: [Ductile + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for accurately determining the ductility of metals.

DUCTILITY Duc*til"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ductilité.]

1. The property of a metal which allows it to be drawn into wires or filaments.

2. Tractableness; pliableness. South.

DUCTION Duc"tion, n. Etym: [L. ductio, fr. ducere to lead.]

Defn: Guidance. [Obs.] Feltham.

DUCTLESS Duct"less, a.

Defn: Having to duct or outlet; as, a ductless gland.

DUCTOR Duc"tor, n. Etym: [L., fr. ducere to lead.]

1. One who leads. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

2. (Mach.)

Defn: A contrivance for removing superfluous ink or coloring matter from a roller. See Doctor, 4. Knight. Ductor roller (Printing), the roller which conveys or supplies ink to another roller. Knight.

DUCTURE Duc"ture, n.

Defn: Guidance. [Obs.] South.

DUDDER Dud"der, v. t. Etym: [In Suffolk, Eng., to shiver, shake, tremble; also written dodder.]

Defn: To confuse or confound with noise. Jennings.

DUDDER Dud"der, v. i.

Defn: To shiver or tremble; to dodder. I dudder and shake like an aspen leaf. Ford.

DUDDER Dud"der, n. Etym: [From Duds.]

Defn: A peddler or hawker, especially of cheap and flashy goods pretended to be smuggled; a duffer. [Eng.]

DUDDERY Dud"der*y, n.

Defn: A place where rags are bought and kept for sale. [Eng.]

DUDE Dude, n.

Defn: A kind of dandy; especially, one characterized by an ultrafashionable style of dress and other affectations. [Recent] The social dude who affects English dress and English drawl. The American.

DUDEEN Du*deen", n.

Defn: A short tobacco pipe. [Written also dudheen.] [Irish]

DUDGEON Dudg"eon, n.

1. The root of the box tree, of which hafts for daggers were made. Gerarde (1597).

2. The haft of a dagger. Shak.

3. A dudgeon-hafted dagger; a dagger. Hudibras.

DUDGEON Dudg"eon, n. Etym: [W. dygen anger, grudge.]

Defn: Resentment; ill will; anger; displeasure. I drink it to thee in dudgeon and hostility. Sir T. Scott.

DUDGEON Dudg"eon, a.

Defn: Homely; rude; coarse. [Obs.] By my troth, though I am plain and dudgeon, I would not be an ass. Beau. & Fl.

DUDISH Dud"ish, a.

Defn: Like, or characterized of, a dude.

DUDS Duds, n. pl. Etym: [Scot. dud rag, pl. duds clothing of inferior quality.]

1. Old or inferior clothes; tattered garments. [Colloq.]

2. Effects, in general.[Slang]

DUE Due, a. Etym: [OF. deu, F. dû, p. p. of devoir to owe, fr. L. debere. See Debt, Habit, and cf. Duty.]

1. Owed, as a debt; that ought to be paid or done to or for another; payable; owing and demandable.

2. Justly claimed as a right or property; proper; suitable; becoming; appropriate; fit. Her obedience, which is due to me. Shak. With dirges due, in sad array, Slow through the churchway path we saw him borne. Gray.

3. Such as (a thing) ought to be; fulfilling obligation; proper; lawful; regular; appointed; sufficient; exact; as, due process of law; due service; in due time.

4. Appointed or required to arrive at a given time; as, the steamer was due yesterday.

5. Owing; ascribable, as to a cause. This effect is due to the attraction of the sun. J. D. Forbes.

DUE Due, adv.

Defn: Directly; exactly; as, a due east course.

DUE Due, n.

1. That which is owed; debt; that which one contracts to pay, or do, to or for another; that which belongs or may be claimed as a right; whatever custom, law, or morality requires to be done; a fee; a toll. He will give the devil his due. Shak. Yearly little dues of wheat, and wine, and oil. Tennyson.

2. Right; just title or claim. The key of this infernal pit by due . . . I keep. Milton.

DUE Due, v. t.

Defn: To endue. [Obs.] Shak.

DUEBILL Due"bill`, n. (Com.)

Defn: A brief written acknowledgment of a debt, not made payable to order, like a promissory note. Burrill.

DUEFUL Due"ful, a.

Defn: Fit; becoming. [Obs.] Spenser.

DUEL Du"el, n. Etym: [It. duello, fr. L. duellum, orig., a contest between two, which passed into the common form bellum war, fr. duo two: cf. F. duel. See Bellicose, Two, and cf. Duello.]

Defn: A combat between two persons, fought with deadly weapons, by agreement. It usually arises from an injury done or an affront given by one to the other. Trial by duel (Old Law), a combat between two persons for proving a cause; trial by battel.

DUEL Du"el, v. i. & t.

Defn: To fight in single combat. [Obs.]

DUELER Du"el*er, n.

Defn: One who engages in a duel. [R.] [Written also dueller.] South.

DUELING Du"el*ing, n.

Defn: e act or practice of fighting in single combat. Also adj. [Written also duelling.]

DUELIST Du"el*ist, n. Etym: [F. duelliste.]

Defn: One who fights in single combat. [Written also duellist.] A duelist . . . always values himself upon his courage, his sense of honor, his fidelity and friendship. Hume.

DUELO Du*e"lo, n. Etym: [It. See Duel.]

Defn: A duel; also, the rules of dueling. [Obs.] Shak.

DUENA; DUENYA Du*e"ña, n. Etym: [Sp.]

Defn: See Doña.

DUENESS Due"ness, n.

Defn: Quality of being due; debt; what is due or becoming. T. Goodwin.

DUENNA Du*en"na, n.; pl. Duennas. Etym: [Sp. dueña, doña, fr. L. domina. See Dame.]

1. The chief lady in waiting on the queen of Spain. Brande.

2. An elderly lady holding a station between a governess and companion, and appointed to have charge over the younger ladies in a Spanish or a Portuguese family. Brande & C.

3. Any old woman who is employed to guard a younger one; a governess. Arbuthnot.

DUET Du*et", n. Etym: [Duetto.] (Mus.)

Defn: A composition for two performers, whether vocal or instrumental.

DUETTINO Du`et*ti"no, n. Etym: [It ., dim. fr. duetto a duet.]

Defn: A duet of short extent and concise form.

DUETTO Du*et"to, n. Etym: [It., fr. It & L. duo two. See Two.]

Defn: See Duet.

DUFF Duff, n. Etym: [From OE. dagh. . See Dough.]

1. Dough or paste. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

2. A stiff flour pudding, boiled in a bag; -- a term used especially by seamen; as, plum duff.

DUFFEL Duf"fel, n. Etym: [D. duffel, from Duffel, a town not far from Antwerp.]

Defn: A kind of coarse woolen cloth, having a thick nap or frieze. [Written also duffle.] Good duffel gray and flannel fine. Wordsworth.

DUFFEL BAG Duffel bag.

Defn: A sack to hold miscellaneous articles, as tools, supplies, or the like.

DUFFER Duf"fer, n.

1. A peddler or hawker, especially of cheap, flashy articles, as sham jewelry; hence, a sham or cheat. [Slang, Eng.] Halliwell.

2. A stupid, awkward, inefficient person.[Slang]

DUFFLE Duf"fle, n.

Defn: See Duffel.

DUFRENITE Du*fren"ite, n. Etym: [From Dufrénoy, a French geologist.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of a blackish green color, commonly massive or in nodules. It is a hydrous phosphate of iron.

DUG Dug, n. Etym: [Akin to Sw. dägga to suckle (a child), Dan. dægge, and prob. to Goth. daddjan.

Defn: A teat, pap, or nipple; -- formerly that of a human mother, now that of a cow or other beast. With mother's dug between its lips. Shak.

DUG Dug, imp. & p. p.

Defn: of Dig.

DUGONG Du*gong", n. Etym: [Malayan d, or Javan. duyung.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An aquatic herbivorous mammal (Halicore dugong), of the order Sirenia, allied to the manatee, but with a bilobed tail. It inhabits the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, East Indies, and Australia. [Written also duyong.]

DUGOUT Dug"out`, n.

1. A canoe or boat dug out from a large log. [U.S.] A man stepped from his slender dugout. G. W. Cable.

2. A place dug out.

3. A house made partly in a hillside or slighter elevation. [Western U.S.] Bartlett.

DUGWAY Dug"way`, n.

Defn: A way or road dug through a hill, or sunk below the surface of the land. [U.S.]

DUKE Duke n. Etym: [F. duc, fr. L. dux, ducis, leader, commander, fr. ducere to lead; akin to AS. teón to draw; cf. AS. heretoga (here army) an army leader, general, G. herzog duke. See Tue, and cf. Doge, Duchess, Ducat, Duct, Adduce, Deduct.]

1. A leader; a chief; a prince. [Obs.] Hannibal, duke of Carthage. Sir T. Elyot. All were dukes once, who were "duces" -- captains or leaders of their people. Trench.

2. In England, one of the highest order of nobility after princes and princesses of the royal blood and the four archbishops of England and Ireland.

3. In some European countries, a sovereign prince, without the title of king. Duke's coronet. See Illust. of Coronet. -- To dine with Duke Humphrey, to go without dinner. See under Dine.

DUKE Duke, v. i.

Defn: To play the duke. [Poetic] Lord Angelo dukes it well in his absence. Shak.

DUKEDOM Duke"dom, n.

1. The territory of a duke.

2. The title or dignity of a duke. Shak.

DUKELING Duke"ling, n.

Defn: A little or insignificant duke. Ford.

DUKESHIP Duke"ship, n.

Defn: The quality or condition of being a duke; also, the personality of a duke. Massinger.

DUKHOBORS; DUKHOBORTSY Du*kho*bors", Du*kho*bor"tsy, n. pl. [Russ. dukhobortsy spirit wrestlers; dukh spirit + bortsy wrestlers.]

Defn: A Russian religious sect founded about the middle of the 18th century at Kharkov. They believe that Christ was wholly human, but that his soul reappears from time to time in mortals. They accept the Ten Commandments and the "useful" portions of the Bible, but deny the need of rulers, priests, or churches, and have no confessions, icons, or marriage ceremonies. They are communistic, opposed to any violence, and unwilling to use the labor of animals. Driven out of Russia proper, many have emigrated to Cyprus and Canada. See Raskolnik, below.

DULCAMARA Dul`ca*ma"ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. dulcis sweet + amarus bitter.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Solanum Dulcamara). See Bittersweet, n.,

3 (a).

DULCAMARIN Dul`ca*ma"rin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside extracted from the bittersweet (Solanum Dulcamara), as a yellow amorphous substance. It probably occasions the compound taste. See Bittersweet, 3(a).

DULCE Dulce, v. t.

Defn: To make sweet; to soothe. [Obs.]

DULCENESS Dulce"ness, n.

Defn: Sweetness. [Obs.] Bacon.

DULCET Dul"cet, a. Etym: [OF. doucet, dim. of dous sweet, F. doux, L. dulcis; akin to Gr. Doucet.]

1. Sweet to the taste; luscious. [Obs.] She tempers dulcet creams. Milton.

2. Sweet to the ear; melodious; harmonious. Their dainty lays and dulcet melody. Spenser.

DULCIANA Dul`ci*an"a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. dulcis sweet.] (Mus.)

Defn: A sweet-toned stop of an organ.

DULCIFICATION Dul`ci*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dulcification.]

Defn: The act of dulcifying or sweetening. Boyle.

DULCIFIED Dul"ci*fied, a.

Defn: Sweetened; mollified. Dulcified spirit or spirits, a compound of alcohol with mineral acids; as, dulcified spirits of niter.

DULCIFLUOUS Dul*cif"lu*ous, a. Etym: [L. dulcis sweet + fluere to flow.]

Defn: Flowing sweetly. [R.]

DULCIFY Dul"ci*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dulcified; p. pr. & vb. n. Dulcifying.] Etym: [L. dulcis sweet + -fy: cf. F. dulcifier.]

1. (Pharm.)

Defn: To sweeten; to free from acidity, saltness, or acrimony. Wiseman.

2. Fig. : To mollify; to sweeten; to please. As she . . . was further dulcified by her pipe of tobacco. Hawthorne.

DULCILOQUY Dul*cil"o*quy, n. Etym: [L. dulcis sweet + loqui to speak.]

Defn: A soft manner of speaking.

DULCIMER Dul"ci*mer, n. Etym: [It. dolcemele,r Sp. dulcemele, fr. L. dulcis sweet + melos song, melody, Gr. doulcemele. See Dulcet, and Melody.] (Mus.) (a) An instrument, having stretched metallic wires which are beaten with two light hammers held in the hands of the performer. (b) An ancient musical instrument in use among the Jews. Dan. iii. 5. It is supposed to be the same with the psaltery.

DULCINEA Dul*cin"e*a, n. Etym: [Sp., from Dulcinea del Toboso the mistress of the affections of Don Quixote.]

Defn: A mistress; a sweetheart. I must ever have some Dulcinea in my head. Sterne.

DULCINESS Dul"ci*ness, n.

Defn: See Dulceness. [Obs.]

DULCINO Dul*ci"no, n. (Mus.)

Defn: See Dolcino.

DULCITE Dul"cite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dulcite, fr. L. dulcis sweet.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, sugarlike substance, C6H8.(OH)2, occurring naturally in a manna from Madagascar, and in certain plants, and produced artificially by the reduction of galactose and lactose or milk sugar.

DULCITUDE Dul"ci*tude, n. Etym: [L. dulcitudo, fr. dulcis sweet.

Defn: Sweetness. [R.] Cockeram.

DULCORATE Dul"co*rate, v. t. Etym: [L. dulcoratus, p. p. of dulcorare, fr. dulcor sweetness, fr. dulcis sweet.]

Defn: To sweeten; to make less acrimonious. [R.] Bacon.

DULCORATION Dul`co*ra"tion, n. Etym: [LL. dulcoratio.]

Defn: The act of sweetening. [R.] Bacon.

DULEDGE Du"ledge, n. (Mil.)

Defn: One of the dowels joining the ends of the fellies which form the circle of the wheel of a gun carriage. Wilhelm.

DULIA Du*li"a, n. Etym: [LL., fr. Gr. (R. C. Ch.)

Defn: An inferior kind of veneration or worship, given to the angels and saints as the servants of God.

DULL Dull, a. [Compar. Duller; superl. Dullest.] Etym: [AS. dol foolish; akin to gedwelan to err, D. dol mad, dwalen to wander, err, G. toll mad, Goth. dwals foolish, stupid, cf. Gr. dhvr to cause to fall. Cf. Dolt, Dwale, Dwell, Fraud.]

1. Slow of understanding; wanting readiness of apprehension; stupid; doltish; blockish. "Dull at classical learning." Thackeray. She is not bred so dull but she can learn. Shak.

2. Slow in action; sluggish; unready; awkward. This people's heart is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing. Matt. xiii. 15. O, help my weak wit and sharpen my dull tongue. Spenser.

3. Insensible; unfeeling. Think me not So dull a devil to forget the loss Of such a matchless wife. Beau. & Fl.

4. Not keen in edge or point; lacking sharpness; blunt. "Thy scythe is dull." Herbert.

5. Not bright or clear to the eye; wanting in liveliness of color or luster; not vivid; obscure; dim; as, a dull fire or lamp; a dull red or yellow; a dull mirror.

6. Heavy; gross; cloggy; insensible; spiritless; lifeless; inert. "The dull earth." Shak. As turning the logs will make a dull fire burn, so changes of study a dull brain. Longfellow.

7. Furnishing little delight, spirit, or variety; uninteresting; tedious; cheerless; gloomy; melancholy; depressing; as, a dull story or sermon; a dull occupation or period; hence, cloudy; overcast; as, a dull day. Along life's dullest, dreariest walk. Keble.

Syn. -- Lifeless; inanimate; dead; stupid; doltish; heavy; sluggish; sleepy; drowsy; gross; cheerless; tedious; irksome; dismal; dreary; clouded; tarnished; obtuse. See Lifeless.

DULL Dull, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Duller; p. pr. & vb. n. Dulling.]

1. To deprive of sharpness of edge or point. "This . . . dulled their swords." Bacon. Borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. Shak.

2. To make dull, stupid, or sluggish; to stupefy, as the senses, the feelings, the perceptions, and the like. Those [drugs] she has Will stupefy and dull the sense a while. Shak. Use and custom have so dulled our eyes. Trench.

3. To render dim or obscure; to sully; to tarnish. "Dulls the mirror." Bacon.

4. To deprive of liveliness or activity; to render heavy; to make inert; to depress; to weary; to sadden. Attention of mind . . . wasted or dulled through continuance. Hooker.

DULL Dull, v. i.

Defn: To become dull or stupid. Rom. of R.

DULLARD Dull"ard, n. Etym: [Dull + -ard.]

Defn: A stupid person; a dunce. Shak. -- a.

Defn: Stupid. Bp. Hall.

DULL-BRAINED Dull"-brained`, a.

Defn: Stupid; doltish. Shak.

DULL-BROWED Dull"-browed`, a.

Defn: Having a gloomy look.

DULLER Dull"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, dulls.

DULL-EYED Dull"-eyed`, a.

Defn: Having eyes wanting brightness, liveliness, or vivacity. Shak.

DULLHEAD Dull"head`, n.

Defn: A blockhead; a dolt. Ascham.

DULLISH Dull"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat dull; uninteresting; tiresome. "A series of dullish verses." Prof. Wilson.

DULLNESS Dull"ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dull; slowness; stupidity; heaviness; drowsiness; bluntness; obtuseness; dimness; want of luster; want of vividness, or of brightness. [Written also dulness.] And gentle dullness ever loves a joke. Pope.

DULL-SIGHTED Dull"-sight`ed, a.

Defn: Having poor eyesight.

DULLSOME Dull"some, a.

Defn: Dull. [R.] Gataker.

DULL-WITTED Dull"-wit`ted, a.

Defn: Stupid.

DULLY Dul"ly, adv.

Defn: In a dull manner; stupidly; slowly; sluggishly; without life or spirit. Supinely calm and dully innocent. G. Lyttelton.

DULOCRACY Du*loc"ra*cy, n.

Defn: See Doulocracy.

DULSE Dulse, n. Etym: [Cf. Gael. duileasg; duille leaf + uisge water. Cf. Whisky.] (Bot.)

Defn: A seaweed of a reddish brown color, which is sometimes eaten, as in Scotland. The true dulse is Sarcophyllis edulis; the common is Rhodymenia. [Written also dillisk.] The crimson leaf of the dulse is seen To blush like a banner bathed in slaughter. Percival.

DULWILLY Dul"wil*ly, n. Etym: [Prob. imitative.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ring plover. [Prov. Eng.]

DULY Du"ly, adv.

Defn: In a due, fit, or becoming manner; as it (anything) ought to be; properly; regularly.

DUMAL Du"mal, a. Etym: [L. dumus bramble.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or set with, briers or bushes; brambly. [R.]

DUMB Dumb, a. Etym: [AS. dumb; akin to D. dom stupid, dumb, Sw. dumb, Goth. dumbs; cf. Gr. Deaf, and cf. Dummy.]

1. Destitute of the power of speech; unable; to utter articulate sounds; as, the dumb brutes. To unloose the very tongues even of dumb creatures. Hooker.

2. Not willing to speak; mute; silent; not speaking; not accompanied by words; as, dumb show. This spirit, dumb to us, will speak to him. Shak. To pierce into the dumb past. J. C. Shairp.

3. Lacking brightness or clearness, as a color. [R.] Her stern was painted of a dumb white or dun color. De Foe. Deaf and dumb. See Deaf-mute. -- Dumb ague, or Dumb chill, a form of intermittent fever which has no well-defined "chill." [U.S.] -- Dumb animal, any animal except man; -- usually restricted to a domestic quadruped; -- so called in contradistinction to man, who is a "speaking animal." -- Dumb cake, a cake made in silence by girls on St. Mark's eve, with certain mystic ceremonies, to discover their future husbands. Halliwell. -- Dumb cane (Bot.), a west Indian plant of the Arum family (Dieffenbachia seguina), which, when chewed, causes the tongue to swell, and destroys temporarily the power of speech. -- Dumb crambo. See under crambo. -- Dumb show. (a) Formerly, a part of a dramatic representation, shown in pantomime. "Inexplicable dumb shows and noise." Shak. (b) Signs and gestures without words; as, to tell a story in dumb show. -- To strike dumb, to confound; to astonish; to render silent by astonishment; or, it may be, to deprive of the power of speech.

Syn. -- Silent; speechless; noiseless. See Mute.

DUMB Dumb, v. t.

Defn: To put to silence. [Obs.] Shak.

DUMB-BELL Dumb"-bell`, n.

Defn: A weight, consisting of two spheres or spheroids, connected by a short bar for a handle; used (often in pairs) for gymnastic exercise.

DUMBLEDOR Dum"ble*dor`, n. Etym: [The first part is prob. of imitative origin. See Dor a beetle.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bumblebee; also, a cockchafer. [Prov. Eng.]

DUMBLY Dumb"ly, adv.

Defn: In silence; mutely.

DUMBNESS Dumb"ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being dumb; muteness; silence; inability to speak.

DUMB-WAITER Dumb"-wait`er, n.

Defn: A framework on which dishes, food, etc., are passed from one room or story of a house to another; a lift for dishes, etc.; also, a piece of furniture with movable or revolving shelves.

DUMDUM BULLET Dum"dum bul"let. (Mil.)

Defn: A kind of manstopping bullet; -- so named from Dumdum, in India, where bullets are manufactured for the Indian army.

DUMETOSE Du"me*tose`, a. Etym: [From L. dumetum a thicket.] (Bot.)

Defn: Dumose.

DUMFOUND Dum"found`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dumfounded; p. pr. & vb. n. Dumfounding.]

Defn: To strike dumb; to confuse with astonishment. [Written also dumbfound.] Spectator.

DUMFOUNDER Dum"found`er, v. t.

Defn: To dumfound; to confound. [Written also dumbfounder.]

DUMMADOR Dum"ma*dor`, n.

Defn: A dumbledor.

DUMMERER Dum"mer*er, n.

Defn: One who feigns dumbness. [Obs.] Burton.

DUMMY Dum"my, a. Etym: [See Dumb.]

1. Silent; mute; noiseless; as a dummy engine.

2. Fictitious or sham; feigned; as, a dummy watch. Dummy car. See under Car.

DUMMY Dum"my, n.; pl. Dummies (.

1. One who is dumb. H. Smith.

2. A sham package in a shop, or one which does not contain what its exterior indicates.

3. An imitation or copy of something, to be used as a substitute; a model; a lay figure; as, a figure on which clothing is exhibited in shop windows; a blank paper copy used to show the size of the future book, etc.

4. (Drama)

Defn: One who plays a merely nominal part in any action; a sham character.

5. A thick-witted person; a dolt. [Colloq.]

6. (Railroad)

Defn: A locomotive with condensing engines, and, hence, without the noise of escaping steam; also, a dummy car.

7. (Card Playing)

Defn: The fourth or exposed hand when three persons play at a four- handed game of cards.

8. A floating barge connected with a pier. Knight. To play dummy, to play the exposed or dummy hand in cards. The partner of the dummy plays it.

DUMOSE; DUMOUS Du`mose", Du"mous, a. Etym: [L. dumosus, fr. dumus a thornbush, a bramble.]

1. Abounding with bushes and briers.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a compact, bushy form.

DUMP Dump, n. Etym: [See Dumpling.]

Defn: A thick, ill-shapen piece; a clumsy leaden counter used by boys in playing chuck farthing. [Eng.] Smart.

DUMP Dump, n. Etym: [Cf. dial. Sw. dumpin melancholy, Dan.dump dull, low, D. dompig damp, G. dumpf damp, dull, gloomy, and E. damp, or rather perh. dump, v. t. Cf. Damp, or Dump, v. t.]

1. A dull, gloomy state of the mind; sadness; melancholy; low spirits; despondency; ill humor; -- now used only in the plural. March slowly on in solemn dump. Hudibras. Doleful dumps the mind oppress. Shak. I was musing in the midst of my dumps. Bunyan.

Note: The ludicrous associations now attached to this word did not originally belong to it. "Holland's translation of Livy represents the Romans as being `in the dumps' after the battle of Cannæ." Trench.

2. Absence of mind; revery. Locke.

3. A melancholy strain or tune in music; any tune. [Obs.] "Tune a deploring dump." "Play me some merry dump." Shak.

4. An old kind of dance. [Obs.] Nares.

DUMP Dump, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dumped; p. pr. & vb. n. Dumping.] Etym: [OE. dumpen to throw down, fall down, cf. Icel. dumpa to thump, Dan. dumpe to fall suddenly, rush, dial. Sw. dimpa to fall down plump. Cf. Dump sadness.]

1. To knock heavily; to stump. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

2. To put or throw down with more or less of violence; hence, to unload from a cart by tilting it; as, to dump sand, coal, etc. [U.S.] Bartlett. Dumping car or cart, a railway car, or a cart, the body of which can be tilted to empty the contents; -- called also dump car, or dump cart.

DUMP Dump, n.

1. A car or boat for dumping refuse, etc.

2. A ground or place for dumping ashes, refuse, etc.

3. That which is dumped.

4. (Mining)

Defn: A pile of ore or rock.

DUMPAGE Dump"age, n.

1. The act of dumping loads from carts, especially loads of refuse matter; also, a heap of dumped matter.

2. A fee paid for the privilege of dumping loads.

DUMPINESS Dump"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dumpy.

DUMPISH Dump"ish, a.

Defn: Dull; stupid; sad; moping; melancholy. " A . . . dumpish and sour life." Lord Herbert. -- Dump"ish*ly, adv. -- Dump"ish*ness, n.

DUMPLE Dum"ple, v. t. Etym: [See Dumpling.]

Defn: To make dumpy; to fold, or bend, as one part over another. [R.] He was a little man, dumpled up together. Sir W. Scott.

DUMPLING Dump"ling, n. Etym: [Dimin. of dump an illshapen piece; cf. D. dompelen to plunge, dip, duck, Scot. to dump in to plunge into, and E. dump, v. t.]

Defn: A roundish mass of dough boiled in soup, or as a sort of pudding; often, a cover of paste inclosing an apple or other fruit, and boiled or baked; as, an apple dumpling.

DUMPY Dump"y, a. [Compar. Dumpier; superl. Dumpiest.] Etym: [

1. From Dump a short ill-shapen piece.

2. From Dump sadness.]

1. Short and thick; of low stature and disproportionately stout.

2. Sullen or discontented. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell.

DUMPY LEVEL Dump"y lev"el. (Surv.)

Defn: A level having a short telescope (hence its name) rigidly fixed to a table capable only of rotatory movement in a horizontal plane. The telescope is usually an inverting one. It is sometimes called the Troughton level, from the name of the inventor, and a variety improved by one Gavatt is known as the Gavatt level.

DUN Dun, n. Etym: [See Dune.]

Defn: A mound or small hill.

DUN Dun, v. t.

Defn: To cure, as codfish, in a particular manner, by laying them, after salting, in a pile in a dark place, covered with salt grass or some like substance.

DUN Dun, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Dunned; p. pr. & vb. n. Dunning.] Etym: [AS. dyne noise, dynian to make a noise, or fr. Icel. dynr, duna, noise, thunder, duna to thunder; the same word as E. din. Din.]

Defn: To ask or beset, as a debtor, for payment; to urge importunately. Hath she sent so soon to dun Swift.

DUN Dun, n.

1. One who duns; a dunner. To be pulled by the sleeve by some rascally dun. Arbuthnot.

2. An urgent request or demand of payment; as, he sent his debtor a dun.

DUN Dun, a. Etym: [AS. dunn. of Celtic origin; cf. W. dwn, Ir. & Gael. donn.]

Defn: Of a dark color; of a color partaking of a brown and black; of a dull brown color; swarthy. Summer's dun cloud comes thundering up. Pierpont. Chill and dun Falls on the moor the brief November day. Keble. Dun crow (Zoöl.), the hooded crow; -- so called from its color; -- also called hoody, and hoddy. -- Dun diver (Zoöl.), the goosander or merganser.

DUNBIRD Dun"bird`, n. Etym: [Named from its color.] (Zoöl.) (a) The pochard; -- called also dunair, and dunker, or dun-curre. (b) An American duck; the ruddy duck.

DUNCE Dunce, n. Etym: [From Joannes Duns Scotus, a schoolman called the Subtle Doctor, who died in 1308. Originally in the phrase "a Duns man". See Note below.]

Defn: One backward in book learning; a child or other person dull or weak in intellect; a dullard; a dolt. I never knew this town without dunces of figure. Swift.

Note: The schoolmen were often called, after their great leader Duns Scotus, Dunsmen or Duncemen. In the revival of learning they were violently opposed to classical studies; hence, the name of Dunce was applied with scorn and contempt to an opposer of learning, or to one slow at learning, a dullard.

DUNCEDOM Dunce"dom, n.

Defn: The realm or domain of dunces. [Jocose] Carlyle.

DUNCERY Dun"cer*y, n.

Defn: Dullness; stupidity.

DUNCICAL Dun"ci*cal, a.

Defn: Like a dunce; duncish. The most dull and duncical commissioner. Fuller.

DUNCIFY Dun"ci*fy, v. t. Etym: [Dunce + -fy.]

Defn: To make stupid in intellect. [R.] Bp. Warburton.

DUNCISH Dun"cish, a.

Defn: Somewhat like a dunce. [R.] -- Dun"cish*ness, n. [R.]

DUNDER Dun"der, n. Etym: [Cf. Sp. redundar to overflow.]

Defn: The lees or dregs of cane juice, used in the distillation of rum. [West Indies] The use of dunder in the making of rum answers the purpose of yeast in the fermentation of flour. B. Edwards.

DUNDERHEAD Dun"der*head`, n. Etym: [Prov. Eng. also dunderpoll, from dunder, same as thunder.]

Defn: A dunce; a numskull; a blockhead. Beau. & Fl.

DUNDER-HEADED Dun"der-head`ed, a.

Defn: Thick-headed; stupid.

DUNDERPATE Dun"der*pate`, n.

Defn: See Dunderhead.

DUNE Dune, n. Etym: [The same word as down: cf. D. duin. See Down a bank of sand.]

Defn: A low hill of drifting sand usually formed on the coats, but often carried far inland by the prevailing winds. [Written also dun.] Three great rivers, the Rhine, the Meuse, and the Scheldt, had deposited their slime for ages among the dunes or sand banks heaved up by the ocean around their mouths. Motley.

DUNFISH Dun"fish, n.

Defn: Codfish cured in a particular manner, so as to be of a superior quality.

DUNG Dung, n. Etym: [AS. dung; akin to G. dung, dünger, OHG. tunga, Sw. dynga; cf. Icel. dyngja heap, Dan. dynge, MHG. tunc underground dwelling place, orig., covered with dung. Cf. Dingy.]

Defn: The excrement of an animal. Bacon.

DUNG Dung, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dunged; p. pr. & vb. n. Dunging.]

1. To manure with dung. Dryden.

2. (Calico Print.)

Defn: To immerse or steep, as calico, in a bath of hot water containing cow dung; -- done to remove the superfluous mordant.

DUNG Dung, v. i.

Defn: To void excrement. Swift.

DUNGAREE Dun`ga*ree", n.

Defn: A coarse kind of unbleached cotton stuff. [Written also dungari.] [India]

DUNGEON Dun"geon, n. Etym: [OE. donjoun highest tower of a castle, tower, prison, F. donjon tower or platform in the midst of a castle, turret, or closet on the top of a house, a keep of a castle, LL. domnio, the same word as LL. dominus lord. See Dame, Don, and cf. Dominion, Domain, Demesne, Danger, Donjon.]

Defn: A close, dark prison, commondonjon or keep of a castle, these being used as prisons. Down with him even into the deep dungeon. Tyndale. Year after year he lay patiently in a dungeon. Macaulay.

DUNGEON Dun"geon, v. t.

Defn: To shut up in a dungeon. Bp. Hall.

DUNGFORK Dung"fork`, n.

Defn: A fork for tossing dung.

DUNGHILL Dung"hill`, n.

1. A heap of dung.

2. Any mean situation or condition; a vile abode. He . . . lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill. 1. Sam. ii. 8. Dunghill fowl, a domestic fowl of common breed.

DUNGMEER Dung"meer`, n. Etym: [Dung + (prob.) meer a pool.]

Defn: A pit where dung and weeds rot for manure.

DUNGY Dung"y, a.

Defn: Full of dung; filthy; vile; low. Shak.

DUNGYARD Dung"yard`, n.

Defn: A yard where dung is collected.

DUNKER Dun"ker, n. Etym: [G. tunken to dip.]

Defn: One of a religious denomination whose tenets and practices are mainly those of the Baptists, but partly those of the Quakers; -- called also Tunkers, Dunkards, Dippers, and, by themselves, Brethren, and German Baptists.

Note: The denomination was founded in Germany in 1708, but after a few years the members emigrated to the United States. Seventh-day Dunkers, a sect which separated from the Dunkers and formed a community, in 1728. They keep the seventh day or Saturday as the Sabbath.

DUNLIN Dun"lin, n. Etym: [Prob. of Celtic origin; cf. Gael. dun hill (E. dune), and linne pool, pond, lake, E. lin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of sandpiper (Tringa alpina); -- called also churr, dorbie, grass bird, and red-backed sandpiper. It is found both in Europe and America.

DUNNAGE Dun"nage, n. Etym: [Cf. Dun a mound.] (Naut.)

Defn: Fagots, boughs, or loose materials of any kind, laid on the bottom of the hold for the cargo to rest upon to prevent injury by water, or stowed among casks and other cargo to prevent their motion.

DUNNER Dun"ner, n. Etym: [From Dun to ask payment from.]

Defn: One employed in soliciting the payment of debts.

DUNNISH Dun"nish, a.

Defn: Inclined to a dun color. Ray.

DUNNOCK Dun"nock, n. Etym: [Cf. Dun,a.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The hedge sparrow or hedge accentor. [Local, Eng.]

DUNNY Dun"ny, a.

Defn: Deaf; stupid.[Prov. Eng.] My old dame Joan is something dunny, and will scarce know how to manage. Sir W. Scott.

DUNT Dunt, n. Etym: [Dint.]

Defn: A blow. [Obs.] R. of Glouc.

DUNTED Dunt"ed, a.

Defn: Beaten; hence, blunted. [Obs.] Fencer's swords . . . having the edge dunted. Fuller.

DUNTER Dun"ter, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A porpoise. [Scott.] Dunter goose (Zoöl.) the eider duck. J. Brand.

DUO Du"o, n. Etym: [It. duo, fr. L. duo two. See Duet.] (Mus.)

Defn: A composition for two performers; a duet.

DUODECAHEDRAL; DUODECAHEDRON Du`o*dec`a*he"dral, a., Du`o*dec`a*he"dron (, n.

Defn: See Dodecahedral, and Dodecahedron.

DUODECENNIAL Du`o*de*cen"ni*al, a. Etym: [L. duodecennis; duodecim twelve + annus year.]

Defn: Consisting of twelve years. [R.] Ash.

DUODECIMAL Du`o*dec"i*mal, a. Etym: [L. duodecim twelve. See Dozen.]

Defn: Proceeding in computation by twelves; expressed in the scale of twelves. -- Du`o*dec"i*mal*ly, adv.

DUODECIMAL Du`o*dec"i*mal, n.

1. A twelfth part; as, the duodecimals of an inch.

2. pl. (Arch.)

Defn: A system of numbers, whose denominations rise in a scale of twelves, as of feet and inches. The system is used chiefly by artificers in computing the superficial and solid contents of their work.

DUODECIMFID Du`o*dec"im*fid, a. Etym: [L. duodecim twelve + findere to cleave.]

Defn: Divided into twelve parts.

DUODECIMO Du`o*dec"i*mo, a. Etym: [L. in duodecimo in twelfth, fr. duodecimus twelfth, fr. duodecim twelve. See Dozen.]

Defn: Having twelve leaves to a sheet; as, a duodecimo from, book, leaf, size, etc.

DUODECIMO Du*o*dec"i*mo, n.; pl. Duodecimos (.

Defn: A book consisting of sheets each of which is folded into twelve leaves; hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size of a book; -- usually written 12mo or 12º.

DUODECUPLE Du`o*dec"u*ple, a. Etym: [L. duo two + decuple.]

Defn: Consisting of twelves. Arbuthnot.

DUODENAL Du`o*de"nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. duodénal.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the duodenum; as, duodenal digestion.

DUODENARY Du`o*den"a*ry, a. Etym: [L. duodenarius, fr. duodeni twelve each: cf. F. duodénaire.]

Defn: Containing twelve; twelvefold; increasing by twelves; duodecimal.

DUODENUM Du`o*de"num, n. Etym: [NL., fr. duodeni twelve each: cf. F. duodenum. So called because its length is about twelve fingers' breadth.] (Anat.)

Defn: The part of the small intestines between the stomach and the jejunum. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under Digestive.

DUOGRAPH Du"o*graph, n. [L. duo two + -graph.] (Photo-engraving)

Defn: A picture printed from two half-tone plates made with the screen set at different angles, and usually printed in two shades of the same color or in black and one tint.

DUOLITERAL Du`o*lit"er*al, a. Etym: [L. duo two + E. literal.]

Defn: Consisting of two letters only; biliteral. Stuart.

DUOMO Duo"mo, n. Etym: [It. See Done.]

Defn: A cathedral. See Dome, 2. Of tower or duomo, sunny sweet. Tennyson.

DUOTONE Du"o*tone, n. [L. duo two + tone.] (Photoengraving)

Defn: Any picture printed in two shades of the same color, as duotypes and duographs are usually printed.

DUOTYPE Du"o*type, n. [L. duo two + type.] (Photoengraving)

Defn: A print made from two half-tone plates made from the same negative, but etched differently.

DUP Dup, v. t. Etym: [Contr. fr. do up, that is, to lift up the latch. Cf. Don, Doff.]

Defn: To open; as, to dup the door. [Obs.] Shak.

DUPABLE Dup"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being duped.

DUPE Dupe, n. Etym: [F., prob. from Prov. F. dupe, dube; of unknown origin; equiv. to F. huppe hoopoe, a foolish bird, easily caught. Cf. Armor. houpérik hoopoe, a man easily deceived. Cf. also Gull, Booby.]

Defn: One who has been deceived or who is easily deceived; a gull; as, the dupe of a schemer.

DUPE Dupe, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Duped; p. pr. & vb. n. Duping.] Etym: [Cf. F. duper, fr. dupe. See Dupe, n.]

Defn: To deceive; to trick; to mislead by imposing on one's credulity; to gull; as, dupe one by flattery. Ne'er have I duped him with base counterfeits. Coleridge.

DUPER Dup"er, n.

Defn: One who dupes another.

DUPERY Dup"er*y, n. Etym: [F. duperie, fr. duper.]

Defn: The act or practice of duping. [R.]

DUPION Du"pi*on, n. Etym: [F. doupion, It. doppione, fr. doppio double, L. duplus. See Double, and cf. Doubloon.]

Defn: A double cocoon, made by two silkworms.

DUPLE Du"ple, a. Etym: [L. duplus. See Double.]

Defn: Double. Duple ratio (Math.), that in which the antecedent term is double the consequent, as of 2 to 1, 8 to 4, etc.

DUPLEX Du"plex, a. Etym: [L., fr. duo two + plicare to fold. See Two, and Complex.]

Defn: Double; twofold. Duplex escapement, a peculiar kind of watch escapement, in which the scape-wheel has two sets of teeth. See Escapement. -- Duplex lathe, one for turning off, screwing, and surfacing, by means of two cutting tools, on opposite sides of the piece operated upon. -- Duplex pumping engine, a steam pump in which two steam cylinders are placed side by side, one operating the valves of the other. -- Duplex querela Etym: [L., double complaint] (Eccl. Law), a complaint in the nature of an appeal from the ordinary to his immediate superior, as from a bishop to an archbishop. Mozley & W. -- Duplex telegraphy, a system of telegraphy for sending two messages over the same wire simultaneously. -- Duplex watch, one with a duplex escapement.

DUPLICATE Du"pli*cate, a. Etym: [L. duplicatus, p. p. of duplicare to double, fr. duplex double, twofold. See Duplex.]

Defn: Double; twofold. Duplicate proportion or ratio (Math.), the proportion or ratio of squares. Thus, in geometrical proportion, the first term to the third is said to be in a duplicate ratio of the first to the second, or as its square is to the square of the second. Thus, in 2, 4, 8, 16, the ratio of 2 to 8 is a duplicate of that of 2 to 4, or as the square of 2 is to the square of 4.

DUPLICATE Du"pli*cate, n.

1. That which exactly resembles or corresponds to something else; another, correspondent to the first; hence, a copy; a transcript; a counterpart. I send a duplicate both of it and my last dispatch. Sir W. Temple.

2. (Law)

Defn: An original instrument repeated; a document which is the same as another in all essential particulars, and differing from a mere copy in having all the validity of an original. Burrill.

DUPLICATE Du"pli*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Duplicated; p. pr. & vb. n. Duplicating.]

1. To double; to fold; to render double.

2. To make a duplicate of (something); to make a copy or transcript of. Glanvill.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: To divide into two by natural growth or spontaneous action; as, infusoria duplicate themselves.

DUPLICATION Du`pli*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. duplicatio: cf. F. duplication.]

1. The act of duplicating, or the state of being duplicated; a doubling; a folding over; a fold.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: The act or process of dividing by natural growth or spontaneous

## action; as, the duplication of cartilage cells. Carpenter.

Duplication of the cube (Math.), the operation of finding a cube having a volume which is double that of a given cube.

DUPLICATIVE Du"pli*ca*tive, a.

1. Having the quality of duplicating or doubling.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Having the quality of subdividing into two by natural growth. "Duplicative subdivision." Carpenter.

DUPLICATURE Du"pli*ca*ture, n. Etym: [Cf. F. duplicature.]

Defn: A doubling; a fold, as of a membrane.

DUPLICITY Du*plic"i*ty, n.; pl. Duplicities. Etym: [F. duplicité, L. duplicitas, fr. duplex double. See Duplex.]

1. Doubleness; a twofold state. [Archaic] Do not affect duplicities nor triplicities, nor any certain number of parts in your division of things. I. Watts.

2. Doubleness of heart or speech; insincerity; a sustained form of deception which consists in entertaining or pretending to entertain one of feelings, and acting as if influenced by another; bad faith. Far from the duplicity wickedly charged on him, he acted his part with alacrity and resolution. Burke.

3. (Law) (a) The use of two or more distinct allegations or answers, where one is sufficient. Blackstone. (b) In indictments, the union of two incompatible offenses. Wharton.

Syn. -- Double dealing; dissimulation; deceit; guile; deception; falsehood.

DUPPER Dup"per, n.

Defn: See 2d Dubber.

DUR Dur, a. Etym: [G., fr. L. durus hard, firm, vigorous.] (Mus.)

Defn: Major; in the major mode; as, C dur, that is, C major.

DURA Du"ra, n.

Defn: Short form for Dura mater.

DURABILITY Du`ra*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. durabilitas.]

Defn: The state or quality of being durable; the power of uninterrupted or long continuance in any condition; the power of resisting agents or influences which tend to cause changes, decay, or dissolution; lastingness. A Gothic cathedral raises ideas of grandeur in our minds by the size, its height, . . . its antiquity, and its durability. Blair.

DURABLE Du"ra*ble, a. Etym: [L. durabilis, fr. durare to last: cf. F. durable. See Dure.]

Defn: Able to endure or continue in a particular condition; lasting; not perishable or changeable; not wearing out or decaying soon; enduring; as, durable cloth; durable happiness. Riches and honor are with me; yea, durable riches and righteousness. Prov. viii. 18. An interest which from its object and grounds must be so durable. De Quincey.

Syn. -- Lasting; permanent; enduring; firm; stable; continuing; constant; persistent. See Lasting.

DURABLENESS Du"ra*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Power of lasting, enduring, or resisting; durability. The durableness of the metal that supports it. Addison.

DURABLY Du"ra*bly, adv.

Defn: In a lasting manner; with long continuance.

DURAL Du"ral, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the dura, or dura mater.

DURA MATER Du"ra ma"ter. Etym: [L., lit., hard mother. The membrane was called mater, or mother, because it was formerly thought to give rise to every membrane of the body.] (Anat.)

Defn: The tough, fibrous membrane, which lines the cavity of the skull and spinal column, and surrounds the brain and spinal cord; -- frequently abbreviated to dura.

DURAMEN Du*ra"men, n. Etym: [L., hardness, a hardened, i. e., ligneous, vine branch, fr. durare to harden. See Dure.] (Bot.)

Defn: The heartwood of an exogenous tree.

DURANCE Dur"ance, n. Etym: [OF. durance duration, fr. L. durans, -antis, p. pr. durare to endure, last. See Dure, and cf. Durant.]

1. Continuance; duration. See Endurance. [Archaic] Of how short durance was this new-made state! Dryden.

2. Imprisonment; restraint of the person; custody by a jailer; duress. Shak. "Durance vile." Burns. In durance, exile, Bedlam or the mint. Pope.

3. (a) A stout cloth stuff, formerly made in imitation of buff leather and used for garments; a sort of tammy or everlasting. Where didst thou buy this buff let me not live but I will give thee a good suit of durance. J. Webster.

(b) In modern manufacture, a worsted of one color used for window blinds and similar purposes.

DURANCY Dur"an*cy, n.

Defn: Duration. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

DURANT Dur"ant, n. Etym: [F. durant, p. pr. of durer to last. Cf. Durance.]

Defn: See Durance, 3.

DURANTE Du*ran"te, prep. Etym: [L., abl. case of the p. pr. of durare to last.] (Law)

Defn: During; as, durante vita, during life; durante bene placito, during pleasure.

DURATION Du*ra"tion, n. Etym: [OF. duration. See Dure.]

Defn: The state or quality of lasting; continuance in time; the portion of time during which anything exists. It was proposed that the duration of Parliament should be limited. Macaulay. Soon shall have passed our own human duration. D. Webster.

DURATIVE Dur"a*tive, a.

Defn: Continuing; not completed; implying duration. Its durative tense, which expresses the thought of it as going on. J. Byrne.

DURBAR Dur"bar, n. Etym: [Hind. darbar, fr. Per dar house, court, hall of audience; dar door, gate + bar court, assembly.]

Defn: An audience hall; the court of a native prince; a state levee; a formal reception of native princes, given by the governor general of India. [India] [Written also darbar.]

DURE Dure, a. Etym: [L. durus; akin to Ir. & Gael. dur , stubborn, W. dir certain, sure, cf. Gr.

Defn: Hard; harsh; severe; rough; toilsome. [R.] The winter is severe, and life is dure and rude. W. H. Russell.

DURE Dure, v. i. Etym: [F. durer, L. durare to harden, be hardened, to endure, last, fr. durus hard. See Dure, a.]

Defn: To last; to continue; to endure. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh. Yet hath he not root in himself, but dureth for a while. Matt. xiii. 21.

DUREFUL Dure"ful, a.

Defn: Lasting. [Obs.] Spenser.

DURELESS Dure"less, a.

Defn: Not lasting. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

DURENE Du"rene, n. Etym: [L. durus hard; -- so called because solid at ordinary temperatures.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C6H2(CH3)4, off artificial production, with an odor like camphor.

DURESS Du"ress, n. Etym: [OF. duresse, du, hardship, severity, L. duritia, durities, fr. durus hard. See Dure.]

1. Hardship; constraint; pressure; imprisonment; restraint of liberty. The agreements . . . made with the landlords during the time of slavery, are only the effect of duress and force. Burke.

2. (Law)

Defn: The state of compulsion or necessity in which a person is influenced, whether by the unlawful restrain of his liberty or by actual or threatened physical violence, to incur a civil liability or to commit an offense.

DURESS Du*ress", v. t.

Defn: To subject to duress. "The party duressed." Bacon.

DURESSOR Du*ress"or, n. (Law)

Defn: One who subjects another to duress Bacon.

DURGA Dur"ga, n. (Myth.)

Defn: Same as Doorga.

DURHAM Dur"ham, n.

Defn: One or a breed of short-horned cattle, originating in the county of Durham, England. The Durham cattle are noted for their beef-producing quality.

DURIAN; DURION Du"ri*an, or Du"ri*on, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The fruit of the durio. It is oval or globular, and eight or ten inches long. It has a hard prickly rind, containing a soft, cream-colored pulp, of a most delicious flavor and a very offensive odor. The seeds are roasted and eaten like chestnuts.

DURING Dur"ing, prep. Etym: [Orig., p. pr. of dure.]

Defn: In the time of; as long as the action or existence of; as, during life; during the space of a year.

DURIO Du"ri*o, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Malay d thorn.] (Bot.)

Defn: A fruit tree (D. zibethinus, the only species known) of the Indian Archipelago. It bears the durian.

DURITY Du"ri*ty, n. Etym: [L. duritas, fr. durus hard.] [Obs.]

1. Hardness; firmness. Sir T. Browne.

2. Harshness; cruelty. Cockeram.

DUROMETER Du*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [L. durus hard + -meter.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the degree of hardness; especially, an instrument for testing the relative hardness of steel rails and the like.

DUROUS Du"rous, a. Etym: [L. durus.]

Defn: Hard. [Obs. & R.]

DURRA Dur"ra, n. Etym: [Ar. dhorra.] (Bot.)

Defn: A kind of millet, cultivated throughout Asia, and introduced into the south of Europe; a variety of Sorghum vulgare; -- called also Indian millet, and Guinea corn. [Written also dhoorra, dhurra, doura, etc.]

DURST Durst, imp.

Defn: of Dare. See Dare, v. i.

DURUKULI Du`ru*ku"li, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small, nocturnal, South American monkey (Nyctipthecus trivirgatus). [Written also douroucouli.]

DURYLIC Du*ryl"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, allied to, or derived from, durene; as, durylic acid.

DUSE Duse, n.

Defn: A demon or spirit. See Deuce.

DUSK Dusk, a. Etym: [OE. dusc, dosc, deosc; cf. dial. Sw. duska to drizzle, dusk a slight shower.

Defn: Tending to darkness or blackness; moderately dark or black; dusky. A pathless desert, dusk with horrid shades. Milton.

DUSK Dusk, n.

1. Imperfect obscurity; a middle degree between light and darkness; twilight; as, the dusk of the evening.

2. A darkish color. Whose duck set off the whiteness of the skin. Dryden.

DUSK Dusk, v. t.

Defn: To make dusk. [Archaic] After the sun is up, that shadow which dusketh the light of the moon must needs be under the earth. Holland.

DUSK Dusk, v. i.

Defn: To grow dusk. [R.] Chaucer.

DUSKEN Dusk"en, v. t.

Defn: To make dusk or obscure. [R.] Not utterly defaced, but only duskened. Nicolls.

DUSKILY Dusk"i*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dusky manner. Byron.

DUSKINESS Dusk"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dusky.

DUSKISH Dusk"ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat dusky. " Duskish smoke." Spenser. -- Dusk"ish*ly, adv. -- Dusk"ish*ness, n.

DUSKNESS Dusk"ness, n.

Defn: Duskiness. [R.] Sir T. Elyot.

DUSKY Dusk"y, a.

1. Partially dark or obscure; not luminous; dusk; as, a dusky valley. Through dusky lane and wrangling mart. Keble.

2. Tending to blackness in color; partially black; dark-colored; not bright; as, a dusky brown. Bacon. When Jove in dusky clouds involves the sky. Dryden. The figure of that first ancestor invested by family tradition with a dim and dusky grandeur. Hawthorne.

3. Gloomy; sad; melancholy. This dusky scene of horror, this melancholy prospect. Bentley.

4. Intellectually clouded. Though dusky wits dare scorn astrology. Sir P. Sidney.

DUST Dust, n. Etym: [AS. dust; cf. LG. dust, D. duist meal dust, OD. doest, donst, and G. dunst vapor, OHG. tunist, dunist, a blowing, wind, Icel. dust dust, Dan. dyst mill dust; perh. akin to L. fumus smoke, E. fume. .]

1. Fine, dry particles of earth or other matter, so comminuted that they may be raised and wafted by the wind; that which is crumbled too minute portions; fine powder; as, clouds of dust; bone dust. Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return. Gen. iii. 19. Stop! -- for thy tread is on an empire's dust. Byron.

2. A single particle of earth or other matter. [R.] "To touch a dust of England's ground." Shak.

3. The earth, as the resting place of the dead. For now shall sleep in the dust. Job vii. 21.

4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the remains of the human body. And you may carve a shrine about my dust. Tennyson.

5. Figuratively, a worthless thing. And by the merit of vile gold, dross, dust. Shak.

6. Figuratively, a low or mean condition. [God] raiseth up the poor out of the dust. 1 Sam. ii. 8.

7. Gold dust; hence: (Slang)

Defn: Coined money; cash. Down with the dust, deposit the cash; pay down the money. [Slang] "My lord, quoth the king, presently deposit your hundred pounds in gold, or else no going hence all the days of your life. . . . The Abbot down with his dust, and glad he escaped so, returned to Reading." Fuller. -- Dust brand (Bot.), a fungous plant (Ustilago Carbo); -- called also smut. -- Gold dust, fine particles of gold, such as are obtained in placer mining; -- often used as money, being transferred by weight. -- In dust and ashes. See under Ashes. -- To bite the dust. See under Bite, v. t. -- To raise, or kick up, dust, to make a commotion. [Colloq.] -- To throw dust in one's eyes, to mislead; to deceive. [Colloq.]

DUST Dust, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dusted; p. pr. & vb. n. Dusting.]

1. To free from dust; to brush, wipe, or sweep away dust from; as, to dust a table or a floor.

2. To sprinkle with dust.

3. To reduce to a fine powder; to levigate. Sprat. To dyst one's jacket, to give one a flogging. [Slang.]

DUSTBRUSH Dust"brush`, n.

Defn: A brush of feathers, bristles, or hair, for removing dust from furniture.

DUSTER Dust"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, dusts; a utensil that frees from dust. Specifically: (a) (Paper Making) A revolving wire-cloth cylinder which removes the dust from rags, etc. (b) (Milling)

Defn: A blowing machine for separating the flour from the bran.

2. A light over-garment, worn in traveling to protect the clothing from dust. [U.S.]

DUSTINESS Dust"i*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being dusty.

DUSTLESS Dust"less, a.

Defn: Without dust; as a dustless path.

DUSTMAN Dust"man, p.; pl. Dustmen (.

Defn: One whose employment is to remove dirt and defuse. Gay.

DUSTPAN Dust"pan, n.

Defn: A shovel-like utensil for conveying away dust brushed from the floor.

DUST-POINT Dust"-point`, n.

Defn: An old rural game. With any boy at dust-point they shall play. Peacham (1620).

DUSTY Dust"y, a. [Compar. Dustier; superl. Dustiest.] Etym: [AS. dystig. See Dust.]

1. Filled, covered, or sprinkled with dust; clouded with dust; as, a dusty table; also, reducing to dust. And all our yesterdays have lighted fools The way to dusty death. Shak.

2. Like dust; of the color of dust; as a dusty white. Dusty miller (Bot.), a plant (Cineraria maritima); -- so called because of the ashy-white coating of its leaves.

DUTCH Dutch, a. Etym: [D. duitsch German; or G. deutsch, orig., popular, national, OD. dietsc, MHG. diutsch, tiutsch, OHG. diutisk, fr. diot, diota, a people, a nation; akin to AS. peód, OS. thiod, thioda, Goth. piuda; cf. Lith. tauta land, OIr. tuath people, Oscan touto. The English have applied the name especially to the Germanic people living nearest them, the Hollanders. Cf. Derrick, Teutonic.]

Defn: Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants. Dutch auction. See under Auction. -- Dutch cheese, a small, pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk. -- Dutch clinker, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape. -- Dutch clover (Bot.), common white clover (Trifolium repens), the seed of which was largely imported into England from Holland. -- Dutch concert, a so-called concert in which all the singers sing at the same time different songs. [Slang] -- Dutch courage, the courage of partial intoxication. [Slang] Marryat. -- Dutch door, a door divided into two parts, horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and fastened, while the upper part remains open. -- Dutch foil, Dutch leaf, or Dutch gold, a kind of brass rich in copper, rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in Holland to ornament toys and paper; -- called also Dutch mineral, Dutch metal, brass foil, and bronze leaf. -- Dutch liquid (Chem.), a thin, colorless, volatile liquid, C2H4Cl2, of a sweetish taste and a pleasant ethereal odor, produced by the union of chlorine and ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called also Dutch oil. It is so called because discovered (in 1795) by an association of four Hollandish chemists. See Ethylene, and Olefiant. -- Dutch oven, a tin screen for baking before an open fire or kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow iron kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals. -- Dutch pink, chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and used in distemper, and for paper staining. etc. Weale. -- Dutch rush (Bot.), a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum (E. hyemale) having a rough, siliceous surface, and used for scouring and polishing; -- called also scouring rush, and shave grass. See Equisetum. -- Dutch tile, a glazed and painted ornamental tile, formerly much exported, and used in the jambs of chimneys and the like.

Note: Dutch was formerly used for German. Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war [the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pilgrims, passing through that country, were mocked by the Dutch, and called fools for their pains. Fuller.

DUTCH Dutch, n.

1. pl.

Defn: The people of Holland; Dutchmen.

2. The language spoken in Holland.

DUTCHMAN Dutch"man, n.; pl. Dutchmen (.

Defn: A native, or one of the people, of Holland. Dutchman's breeches (Bot.), a perennial American herb (Dicentra cucullaria), with peculiar double-spurred flowers. See Illust. of Dicentra. -- Dutchman's laudanum (Bot.), a West Indian passion flower (Passiflora Murucuja); also, its fruit. -- Dutchman's pipe (Bot.), an American twining shrub (Aristolochia Sipho). Its flowers have their calyx tubes curved like a tobacco pipe.

DUTEOUS Du"te*ous, a. Etym: [From Duty.]

1. Fulfilling duty; dutiful; having the sentiments due to a superior, or to one to whom respect or service is owed; obedient; as, a duteous son or daughter.

2. Subservient; obsequious. Duteous to the vices of thy mistress. Shak. -- Du"te*ous*ly, adv. -- Du"te*ous*ness, n.

DUTIABLE Du"ti*a*ble, a. Etym: [From Duty.]

Defn: Subject to the payment of a duty; as dutiable goods. [U.S.] All kinds of dutiable merchandise. Hawthorne.

DUTIED Du"tied, a.

Defn: Subjected to a duty. Ames.

DUTIFUL Du"ti*ful, a.

1. Performing, or ready to perform, the duties required by one who has the right to claim submission, obedience, or deference; submissive to natural or legal superiors; obedient, as to parents or superiors; as, a dutiful son or daughter; a dutiful ward or servant; a dutiful subject.

2. Controlled by, proceeding from, a sense of duty; respectful; deferential; as, dutiful affection.

Syn. -- Duteous; obedient; reverent; reverential; submissive; docile; respectful; compliant. -- Du"ti*ful*ly, adv. -- Du"ti*ful*ness, n.

DUTY Du"ty, n.; pl. Duties. Etym: [From Due.]

1. That which is due; payment. [Obs. as signifying a material thing.] When thou receivest money for thy labor or ware, thou receivest thy duty. Tyndale.

2. That which a person is bound by moral obligation to do, or refrain from doing; that which one ought to do; service morally obligatory. Forgetting his duty toward God, his sovereign lord, and his country. Hallam.

3. Hence, any assigned service or business; as, the duties of a policeman, or a soldier; to be on duty. With records sweet of duties done. Keble. To employ him on the hardest and most imperative duty. Hallam. Duty is a graver term than obligation. A duty hardly exists to do trivial things; but there may be an obligation to do them. C. J. Smith.

4. Specifically, obedience or submission due to parents and superiors. Shak.

5. Respect; reverence; regard; act of respect; homage. "My duty to you." Shak.

6. (Engin.)

Defn: The efficiency of an engine, especially a steam pumping engine, as measured by work done by a certain quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old standard), or by 1 cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs., United States).

7. (Com.)

Defn: Tax, toll, impost, or customs; excise; any sum of money required by government to be paid on the importation, exportation, or consumption of goods.

Note: An impost on land or other real estate, and on the stock of farmers, is not called a duty, but a direct tax. [U.S.] Ad valorem duty, a duty which is graded according to the cost, or market value, of the article taxed. See Ad valorem. -- Specific duty, a duty of a specific sum assessed on an article without reference to its value or market. -- On duty, actually engaged in the performance of one's assigned task.

DUUMVIR Du*um"vir, n.; pl. E. Duumvirs, L. Duumviri. Etym: [L., fr. duo two + vir man.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: One of two Roman officers or magistrates united in the same public functions.

DUUMVIRAL Du*um"vi*ral, a. Etym: [L. duumviralis.]

Defn: Of or belonging to the duumviri or the duumvirate.

DUUMVIRATE Du*um"vi*rate, n. Etym: [L. duumviratus, fr. duumvir.]

Defn: The union of two men in the same office; or the office, dignity, or government of two men thus associated, as in ancient Rome.

DUX Dux, n. Etym: [L., leader.] (Mus.)

Defn: The scholastic name for the theme or subject of a fugue, the answer being called the comes, or companion.

DUYKERBOK Duy"ker*bok, n. Etym: [D. duiker diver + bok a buck, lit., diver buck. So named from its habit of diving suddenly into the bush.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South African antelope (Cephalous mergens); -- called also impoon, and deloo.

DUYOUNG Du*young", n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Dugong.

D VALVE D" valve`. (Mech.)

Defn: A kind of slide valve. See Slide valve, under Slide.

DVERGR Dver"gr, n.; pl. Dvergar. Etym: [See Dwarf.] (Scand. Myth.)

Defn: A dwarf supposed to dwell in rocks and hills and to be skillful in working metals.

DWALE Dwale, n. Etym: [OE. dwale, dwole, deception, deadly nightshade, AS. dwala, dwola, error, doubt; akin to E. dull. See Dull, a.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The deadly nightshade (Atropa Belladonna), having stupefying qualities.

2. (Her.)

Defn: The tincture sable or black when blazoned according to the fantastic system in which plants are substituted for the tinctures.

3. A sleeping potion; an opiate. Chaucer.

DWANG Dwang, n. Etym: [Cf. D. dwingen to force, compel.]

1. (Carp.)

Defn: A piece of wood set between two studs, posts, etc., to stiffen and support them.

2. (Mech.) (a) A kind of crowbar. (b) A large wrench. Knight.

DWARF Dwarf, n.; pl Dwarfs. Etym: [OE. dwergh, dwerf, dwarf, AS. dweorg, dweorh; akin to D. dwerg, MHG. twerc, G. zwerg, Icel. dvergr, Sw. & Dan. dverg; of unknown origin.]

Defn: An animal or plant which is much below the ordinary size of its species or kind; especially, a diminutive human being.

Note: During the Middle Ages dwarfs as well as fools shared the favor of courts and the nobility.

Note: Dwarf is used adjectively in reference to anything much below the usual or normal size; as, dwarf tree; dwarf honeysuckle. Dwarf elder (Bot.), danewort. -- Dwarf wall (Arch.), a low wall, not as high as the story of a building, often used as a garden wall or fence. Gwilt.

DWARF Dwarf, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dwarfed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dwarfing.]

Defn: To hinder from growing to the natural size; to make or keep small; to stunt. Addison. Even the most common moral ideas and affections . . . would be stunted and dwarfed, if cut off from a spiritual background. J. C. Shairp.

DWARF Dwarf, v. i.

Defn: To become small; to diminish in size. Strange power of the world that, the moment we enter it, our great conceptions dwarf. Beaconsfield.

DWARFISH Dwarf"ish, a.

Defn: Like a dwarf; below the common stature or size; very small; petty; as, a dwarfish animal, shrub. -- Dwarf"ish*ly, adv. -- Dwarf"ish*ness, n.

DWARFLING Dwarf"ling, n.

Defn: A diminutive dwarf.

DWARFY Dwarf"y, a.

Defn: Much undersized. [R.] Waterhouse.

DWAUL; DWAULE Dwaul, Dwaule, v. i. Etym: [See Dull, Dwell.]

Defn: To be delirious. [Obs.] Junius.

DWELL Dwell, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dwelled, usually contracted into Dwelt (p. pr. & vb. n. Dwelling.] Etym: [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dvæle to linger, and to E. dull. See Dull, and cf. Dwale.]

1. To delay; to linger. [Obs.]

2. To abide; to remain; to continue. I 'll rather dwell in my necessity. Shak. Thy soul was like a star and dwelt apart. Wordsworth.

3. To abide as a permanent resident, or for a time; to live in a place; to reside. The parish in which I was born, dwell, and have possessions. Peacham. The poor man dwells in a humble cottage near the hall where the lord of the domain resides. C. J. Smith. To dwell in, to abide in (a place); hence, to depend on. "My hopes in heaven to dwell." Shak. -- To dwell on or upon, to continue long on or in; to remain absorbed with; to stick to; to make much of; as, to dwell upon a subject; a singer dwells on a note. They stand at a distance, dwelling on his looks and language, fixed in amazement. Buckminster.

Syn. -- To inhabit; live; abide; sojourn; reside; continue; stay; rest.

DWELL Dwell, v. t.

Defn: To inhabit. [R.] Milton.

DWELLER Dwell"er, n.

Defn: An inhabitant; a resident; as, a cave dweller. "Dwellers at Jerusalem." Acts i. 19.

DWELLING Dwell"ing, n.

Defn: Habitation; place or house in which a person lives; abode; domicile. Hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons. Jer. xlix. 33. God will deign To visit oft the dwellings of just men. Milton. Philip's dwelling fronted on the street. Tennyson. Dwelling house, a house intended to be occupied as a residence, in distinction from a store, office, or other building. -- Dwelling place, place of residence.

DWELT Dwelt, imp. & p. p.

Defn: of Dwell.

DWINDLE Dwin"dle, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Dwindled; p. pr. & vb. n. Dwindling.] Etym: [From OE. dwinen to languish, waste away, AS. dwinan; akin to LG. dwinen, D. dwijnen to vanish, Icel. dvina to cease, dwindle, Sw. tvina; of uncertain origin. The suffix -le, preceded by d excrescent after n, is added to the root with a diminutive force.]

Defn: To diminish; to become less; to shrink; to waste or consume away; to become degenerate; to fall away. Weary sennights nine times nine Shall he dwindle, peak and pine. Shak. Religious societies, though begun with excellent intentions, are said to have dwindled into factious clubs. Swift.

DWINDLE Dwin"dle, v. t.

1. To make less; to bring low. Our drooping days are dwindled down to naught. Thomson.

2. To break; to disperse. [R.] Clarendon.

DWINDLE Dwin"dle, n.

Defn: The process of dwindling; dwindlement; decline; degeneracy. [R.] Johnson.

DWINDLEMENT Dwin"dle*ment, n.

Defn: The act or process of dwindling; a dwindling. [R.] Mrs. Oliphant.

DWINE Dwine, v. i. Etym: [See Dwindle.]

Defn: To waste away; to pine; to languish. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.] Gower.

DYAD Dy"ad, n. Etym: [L. dyas, dyadis, the number two. Gr. dyade. See two, and cf. Duad.]

1. Two units treated as one; a couple; a pair.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: An element, atom, or radical having a valence or combining power of two.

DYAD Dy"ad, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Having a valence or combining power of two; capable of being substituted for, combined with, or replaced by, two atoms of hydrogen; as, oxygen and calcium are dyad elements. See Valence.

DYADIC Dy*ad"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to the number two; of two parts or elements. Dyadic arithmetic, the same as binary arithmetic.

DYAKS Dy"aks, n. pl.

Defn: ; sing. Dyak. (Ethnol.) The aboriginal and most numerous inhabitants of Borneo. They are partially civilized, but retain many barbarous practices.

DYAS Dy"as, n. Etym: [L. dyas the number two.] (Geol.)

Defn: A name applied in Germany to the Permian formation, there consisting of two principal groups.

DYE Dye, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Dyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Dyeing.] Etym: [OE. deyan, dyen, AS. deágian.]

Defn: To stain; to color; to give a new and permanent color to, as by the application of dyestuffs. Cloth to be dyed of divers colors. Trench. The soul is dyed by its thoughts. Lubbock. To dye in the grain, To dye in the wool (Fig.), to dye firmly; to imbue thoroughly. He might truly be termed a legitimate son of the revenue system dyed in the wool. Hawthorne.

Syn. -- See Stain.

DYE Dye, n.

1. Color produced by dyeing.

2. Material used for dyeing; a dyestuff.

DYE Dye, n.

Defn: Same as Die, a lot. Spenser.

DYEHOUSE Dye"house`, n.

Defn: A building in which dyeing is carried on.

DYEING Dye"ing, n.

Defn: The process or art of fixing coloring matters permanently and uniformly in the fibers of wool, cotton, etc.

DYER Dy"er, n.

Defn: One whose occupation is to dye cloth and the like. Dyer's broom, Dyer's rocket, Dyer's weed. See Dyer's broom, under Broom.

DYESTUFF Dye"stuff`, n.

Defn: A material used for dyeing.

DYEWOOD Dye"wood`, n.

Defn: Any wood from which coloring matter is extracted for dyeing.

DYING Dy"ing, a.

1. In the act of dying; destined to death; mortal; perishable; as, dying bodies.

2. Of or pertaining to dying or death; as, dying bed; dying day; dying words; also, simulating a dying state.

DYING Dy"ing, n.

Defn: The act of expiring; passage from life to death; loss of life.

DYINGLY Dy"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a dying manner; as if at the point of death. Beau. & Fl.

DYINGNESS Dy"ing*ness, n.

Defn: The state of dying or the stimulation of such a state; extreme languor; languishment. [R.] Tenderness becomes me best, a sort of dyingness; you see that picture, Foible, -- a swimmingness in the eyes; yes, I'll look so. Congreve.

DYKE Dyke, n.

Defn: See Dike. The spelling dyke is restricted by some to the geological meaning.

DYNACTINOMETER Dy*nac`ti*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. actinometer.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring the intensity of the photogenic (light-producing) rays, and computing the power of object glasses.

DYNAM Dy"nam, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dyname. See Dynamic.]

Defn: A unit of measure for dynamical effect or work; a foot pound. See Foot pound. Whewell.

DYNAMETER Dy*nam"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. dynamètre. Cf. Dynamometer.]

1. A dynamometer.

2. (Opt.)

Defn: An instrument for determining the magnifying power of telescopes, consisting usually of a doubleimage micrometer applied to the eye end of a telescope for measuring accurately the diameter of the image of the object glass there formed; which measurement, compared with the actual diameter of the glass, gives the magnifying power.

DYNAMETRICAL Dy`na*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a dynameter.

DYNAMIC; DYNAMICAL Dy*nam"ic, Dy*nam"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. durus hard, E. dure: cf. F. dynamique.]

1. Of or pertaining to dynamics; belonging to energy or power; characterized by energy or production of force. Science, as well as history, has its past to show, -- a past indeed, much larger; but its immensity is dynamic, not divine. J. Martineau. The vowel is produced by phonetic, not by dynamic, causes. J. Peile.

2. Relating to physical forces, effects, or laws; as, dynamical geology. As natural science has become more dynamic, so has history. Prof. Shedd. Dynamical electricity. See under Electricity.

DYNAMICALLY Dy*nam"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In accordance with the principles of dynamics or moving forces. J. Peile.

DYNAMICS Dy*nam"ics, n.

1. That branch of mechanics which treats of the motion of bodies (kinematics) and the action of forces in producing or changing their motion (kinetics). Dynamics is held by some recent writers to include statics and not kinematics.

2. The moving moral, as well as physical, forces of any kind, or the laws which relate to them.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: That department of musical science which relates to, or treats of, the power of tones.

DYNAMISM Dy"na*mism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dynamisme. See Dynamics.]

Defn: The doctrine of Leibnitz, that all substance involves force.

DYNAMIST Dy"na*mist, n.

Defn: One who accounts for material phenomena by a theory of dynamics. Those who would resolve matter into centers of force may be said to constitute the school of dynamists. Ward (Dyn. Sociol. ).

DYNAMITARD Dy"na*mi`tard, n.

Defn: A political dynamiter.

Note: [A form found in some newspapers.]

DYNAMITE Dy"na*mite, n. Etym: [Gr. Dynamic.] (Chem.)

Defn: An explosive substance consisting of nitroglycerin absorbed by some inert, porous solid, as infusorial earth, sawdust, etc. It is safer than nitroglycerin, being less liable to explosion from moderate shocks, or from spontaneous decomposition.

DYNAMITER Dy"na*mi`ter, n.

Defn: One who uses dynamite; esp., one who uses it for the destruction of life and property.

DYNAMITING Dy"na*mi`ting, n.

Defn: Destroying by dynamite, for political ends. Dynamiting is not the American way. The Century.

DYNAMITISM Dy"na*mi`tism, n.

Defn: The work of dynamiters.

DYNAMIZATION Dy"na*mi*za`tion, Etym: [Gr. Dynamic.] (Homeop.)

Defn: The act of setting free the dynamic powers of a medicine, as by shaking the bottle containing it.

DYNAMO Dy"na*mo, n.

Defn: A dynamo-electric machine.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC Dy`na*mo-e*lec"tric, a. Etym: [Gr. electric. See Dynamic.]

Defn: Pertaining to the development of electricity, especially electrical currents, by power; producing electricity or electrical currents by mechanical power.

DYNAMOGRAPH Dy*nam"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph. See Dynamic.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A dynamometer to which is attached a device for automatically registering muscular power.

DYNAMOMETER Dy`na*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Cf. F. dynamomètre. See Dynameter.]

Defn: An apparatus for measuring force or power; especially, muscular effort of men or animals, or the power developed by a motor, or that required to operate machinery.

Note: It usually embodies a spring to be compressed or weight to be sustained by the force applied, combined with an index, or automatic recorder, to show the work performed.

DYNAMOMETRIC; DYNAMOMETRICAL Dy`na*mo*met"ric, Dy`na*mo*met"ric*al, a.

Defn: Relating to a dynamometer, or to the measurement of force doing work; as, dynamometrical instruments.

DYNAMOMETRY Dy`na*mom"e*try, n.

Defn: The art or process of measuring forces doing work.

DYNAST Dy"nast, n. Etym: [L. dynastes, Gr. dynaste. See Dynamic.]

1. A ruler; a governor; a prince.

2. A dynasty; a government. [Obs.]

DYNASTA Dy*nas"ta, n. Etym: [NL. See Dynast.]

Defn: A tyrant. [Obs.] Milton.

DYNASTIC Dy*nas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. dunastique.]

Defn: Of or relating to a dynasty or line of kings. Motley.

DYNASTICAL Dy*nas"tic*al, a.

Defn: Dynastic.

DYNASTIDAN Dy*nas"ti*dan, n. Etym: [Gr. Dynast. The name alludes to the immense size of some species.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a group of gigantic, horned beetles, including Dynastus Neptunus, and the Hercules beetle (D. Hercules) of tropical America, which grow to be six inches in length.

DYNASTY Dy"nas*ty, n.; pl. Dynasties. Etym: [Gr. dynastie dynasty. See Dynast.]

1. Sovereignty; lordship; dominion. Johnson.

2. A race or succession of kings, of the same line or family; the continued lordship of a race of rulers.

DYNE Dyne, n. Etym: [Formed fr. Gr. Dynamic.] (Physics)

Defn: The unit of force, in the C. G. S. (Centimeter Gram Second) system of physical units; that is, the force which, acting on a gram for a second, generates a velocity of a centimeter per second.

DYS- Dys-.

Defn: An inseparable prefix, fr. the Greek ill, bad, hard, difficult, and the like; cf. the prefixes, Skr. dus-, Goth. tuz-, OHG. zur-, G. zer-, AS. to-, Icel. tor-, Ir. do-.

DYSAESTHESIA Dys`æs*the"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Impairment of any of the senses, esp. of touch.

DYSCRASIA Dys*cra"si*a, n. Etym: [NL. dyscrasia, fr. Gr. dycrasie.] (Med.)

Defn: An ill habit or state of the constitution; -- formerly regarded as dependent on a morbid condition of the blood and humors.

DYSCRASITE Dys"cra*site, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral consisting of antimony and silver.

DYSCRASY Dys"cra*sy, n.; pl. Discrasies (.

Defn: Dycrasia. Sin is a cause of dycrasies and distempers. Jer. Taylor.

DYSENTERIC; DYSENTERICAL Dys`en*ter"ic, Dys`en*ter"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. dysentericus, Gr. dysentérigue.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to dysentery; having dysentery; as, a dysenteric patient. "Dysenteric symptoms." Copland.

DYSENTERY Dys"en*ter*y, n. Etym: [L. dysenteria, Gr. in: cf. F. dysenterie. See Dys, and In.] (Med.)

Defn: A disease attended with inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum, and characterized by griping pains, constant desire to evacuate the bowels, and the discharge of mucus and blood.

Note: When acute, dysentery is usually accompanied with high fevers. It occurs epidemically, and is believed to be communicable through the medium of the alvine discharges.

DYSGENESIC Dys`ge*nes"ic, a.

Defn: Not procreating or breeding freely; as, one race may be dysgenesic with respect to another. Darwin.

DYSGENESIS Dys*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Pref. dys- + genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: A condition of not generating or breeding freely; infertility; a form homogenesis in which the hybrids are sterile among themselves, but are fertile with members of either parent race.

DYSLOGISTIC Dys`lo*gis"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Unfavorable; not commendatory; -- opposed to eulogistic. There is no course of conduct for which dyslogistic or eulogistic epithets may be found. J. F. Stephen. The paternity of dyslogistic -- no bantling, but now almost a centenarian -- is adjudged to that genius of common sense, Jeremy Bentham. Fitzed. Hall.

DYSLUITE Dys"lu*ite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of the zinc spinel or gahnite.

DYSLYSIN Dys"ly*sin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A resinous substance formed in the decomposition of cholic acid of bile; -- so called because it is difficult to solve.

DYSMENORRHEA Dys*men`or*rhe"a, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Difficult and painful menstruation.

DYSNOMY Dys"no*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Bad legislation; the enactment of bad laws. Cockeram.

DYSODILE Dys"o*dile, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: An impure earthy or coaly bitumen, which emits a highly fetid odor when burning.

DYSPEPSIA; DYSPEPSY Dys*pep"si*a, Dys*pep"sy,Etym: [L. dyspepsia, Gr. cook: cf. F. dyspepsie. See Dys-, and 3d Cook.] (Med.)

Defn: A kind of indigestion; a state of the stomach in which its functions are disturbed, without the presence of other diseases, or, if others are present, they are of minor importance. Its symptoms are loss of appetite, nausea, heartburn, acrid or fetid eructations, a sense of weight or fullness in the stomach, etc. Dunglison.

DYSPEPTIC; DYSPEPTICAL Dys*pep"tic, Dys*pep"tic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to dyspepsia; having dyspepsia; as, a dyspeptic or dyspeptical symptom.

DYSPEPTIC Dys*pep"tic, n.

Defn: A person afflicted with dyspepsia.

DYSPEPTONE Dys*pep"tone, n. Etym: [Pref. dys- + peptone.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An insoluble albuminous body formed from casein and other proteid substances by the action of gastric juice. Meissner.

DYSPHAGIA; DYSPHAGY Dys*pha"gi*a, Dys"pha*gy, n. Etym: [NL. dysphagia, fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Difficulty in swallowing.

DYSPHONIA; DYSPHONY Dys*pho"ni*a, Dys"pho*ny, n. Etym: [NL. dysphonia, Gr. dysphonie.] (Med.)

Defn: A difficulty in producing vocal sounds; enfeebled or depraved voice.

DYSPHORIA Dys*pho"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. dysphorie.] (Med.)

Defn: Impatience under affliction; morbid restlessness; dissatisfaction; the fidgets.

DYSPNEA; DYSPNOEA Dysp*nea, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. dyspnée.] (Med.)

Defn: Difficulty of breathing.

DYSPNOIC Dysp*no"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Affected with shortness of breath; relating to dyspn

DYSPROSIUM Dys*pro"si*um, n. [NL., fr. Gr. dyspro`sitos hard to get at.] (Chem.)

Defn: An element of the rare earth-group. Symbol Dy; at. wt., 162.5.

DYSTELEOLOGY Dys*te`le*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Pref. dys- + teleology.] (Biol.)

Defn: The doctrine of purposelessness; a term applied by Haeckel to that branch of physiology which treats of rudimentary organs, in view of their being useless to the life of the organism. To the doctrine of dysteleology, or the denial of final causes, a proof of the real existence of such a thing as instinct must necessarily be fatal. Word (Dynamic Sociology).

DYSTOCIA Dys*to"ci*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Difficult delivery pr parturition.

DYSTOME Dys"tome, a. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: Cleaving with difficulty.

Note: Datolite was called dystome spar by Mohs.

DYSURIA; DYSURY Dys*u"ri*a, Dys"u*ry, n. Etym: [L. dysuria, Gr. dysurie.] (Med.)

Defn: Difficult or painful discharge of urine.

DYSURIC Dys*u"ric, a. Etym: [Gr. dysurique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or afflicted with, dysury.

DZEREN; DZERON Dze"ren, Dze"ron, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Chinese yellow antelope (Procapra gutturosa), a remarkably swift-footed animal, inhabiting the deserts of Central Asia, Thibet, and China.

DZIGGETAI Dzig"ge*tai, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The kiang, a wild horse or wild ass of Thibet (Asinus hemionus).

Note: The name is sometimes applied also to the koulan or onager. See Koulan.

E

1. The fifth letter of the English alphabet.

Note: It derives its form, name, and value from the Latin, the form and value being further derived from the Greek, into which it came from the Phoenician, and ultimately, probably, from the Egyptian. Its etymological relations are closest with the vowels i, a, and o, as illustrated by to fall, to fell; man, pl. men; drink, drank, drench; dint, dent; doom, deem; goose, pl. geese; beef, OF. boef, L. bos; and E. cheer, OF. chiere, LL. cara.

Note: The letter e has in English several vowel sounds, the two principal being its long or name sound, as in eve, me, and the short, as in end, best. Usually at the end of words it is silent, but serves to indicate that the preceding vowel has its long sound, where otherwise it would be short, as in mane, as in cane, m, which without the final e would be pronounced m, c, m. After c and g, the final e indicates that these letters are to be pronounced as s and j; respectively, as in lace, rage. See Guide to Pronunciation, §§ 74-97.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: E is the third tone of the model diatonic scale. E (E flat) is a tone which is intermediate between D and E.

E- E-.

Defn: A Latin prefix meaning out, out of, from; also, without. See Ex-.

EACH Each, a. or a. pron. Etym: [OE. eche, ælc, elk, ilk, AS. ælc; a always + gelic like; akin to OD. ieg, OHG. , MHG. iegelich. Aye, Like, and cf. Either, Every, Ilk.]

1. Every one of the two or more individuals composing a number of objects, considered separately from the rest. It is used either with or without a following noun; as, each of you or each one of you. "Each of the combatants." Fielding.

Note: To each corresponds other. "Let each esteem other better than himself." Each other, used elliptically for each the other. It is our duty to assist each other; that is, it is our duty, each to assist the other, each being in the nominative and other in the objective case. It is a bad thing that men should hate each other; but it is far worse that they should contract the habit of cutting one another's throats without hatred. Macaulay. Let each His adamantine coat gird well. Milton. In each cheek appears a pretty dimple. Shak. Then draw we nearer day by day, Each to his brethren, all to God. Keble. The oak and the elm have each a distinct character. Gilpin.

2. Every; -- sometimes used interchangeably with every. Shak. I know each lane and every alley green. Milton. In short each man's happiness depends upon himself. Sterne.

Note: This use of each for every, though common in Scotland and in America, is now un-English. Fitzed. Hall.

Syn. -- See Every.

EACHWHERE Each"where`, adv.

Defn: Everywhere. [Obs.] The sky eachwhere did show full bright and fair. Spenser.

EADISH Ead"ish, n.

Defn: See Eddish.

EAGER Ea"ger, a. Etym: [OE. egre sharp, sour, eager, OF. agre, aigre, F. aigre, fr. L. acer sharp, sour, spirited, zealous; akin to Gr. a point; fr. a root signifying to be sharp. Cf. Acrid, Edge.]

1. Sharp; sour; acid. [Obs.] "Like eager droppings into milk." Shak.

2. Sharp; keen; bitter; severe. [Obs.] "A nipping and an eager air." "Eager words." Shak.

3. Excited by desire in the pursuit of any object; ardent to pursue, perform, or obtain; keenly desirous; hotly longing; earnest; zealous; impetuous; vehement; as, the hounds were eager in the chase. And gazed for tidings in my eager eyes. Shak. How eagerly ye follow my disgraces! Shak. When to her eager lips is brought Her infant's thrilling kiss. Keble. A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys. Hawthorne. Conceit and grief an eager combat fight. Shak.

4. Brittle; inflexible; not ductile. [Obs.] Gold will be sometimes so eager, as artists call it, that it will as little endure the hammer as glass itself. Locke.

Syn. -- Earnest; ardent; vehement; hot; impetuous; fervent; intense; impassioned; zealous; forward. See Earnest. -- Eager, Earnest. Eager marks an excited state of desire or passion; thus, a child is eager for a plaything, a hungry man is eager for food, a covetous man is eager for gain. Eagerness is liable to frequent abuses, and is good or bad, as the case may be. It relates to what is praiseworthy or the contrary. Earnest denotes a permanent state of mind, feeling, or sentiment. It is always taken in a good sense; as, a preacher is earnest in his appeals to the conscience; an agent is earnest in his solicitations.

EAGER Ea"ger, n.

Defn: Same as Eagre.

EAGERLY Ea"ger*ly, adv.

Defn: In an eager manner.

EAGERNESS Ea"ger*ness, n.

1. The state or quality of being eager; ardent desire. "The eagerness of love." Addison.

2. Tartness; sourness. [Obs.]

Syn. -- Ardor; vehemence; earnestness; impetuosity; heartiness; fervor; fervency; avidity; zeal; craving; heat; passion; greediness.

EAGLE Ea"gle, n. Etym: [OE. egle, F. aigle, fr. L. aquila; prob. named from its color, fr. aquilus dark-colored, brown; cf. Lith. aklas blind. Cf. Aquiline.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any large, rapacious bird of the Falcon family, esp. of the genera Aquila and Haliæetus. The eagle is remarkable for strength, size, graceful figure, keenness of vision, and extraordinary flight. The most noted species are the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaëtus); the imperial eagle of Europe (A. mogilnik or imperialis); the American bald eagle (Haliæetus leucocephalus); the European sea eagle (H. albicilla); and the great harpy eagle (Thrasaetus harpyia). The figure of the eagle, as the king of birds, is commonly used as an heraldic emblem, and also for standards and emblematic devices. See Bald eagle, Harpy, and Golden eagle.

2. A gold coin of the United States, of the value of ten dollars.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: A northern constellation, containing Altair, a star of the first magnitude. See Aquila.

4. The figure of an eagle borne as an emblem on the standard of the ancient Romans, or so used upon the seal or standard of any people. Though the Roman eagle shadow thee. Tennyson.

Note: Some modern nations, as the United States, and France under the Bonapartes, have adopted the eagle as their national emblem. Russia, Austria, and Prussia have for an emblem a double-headed eagle. Bald eagle. See Bald eagle. -- Bold eagle. See under Bold. -- Double eagle, a gold coin of the United States worth twenty dollars. -- Eagle hawk (Zoöl.), a large, crested, South American hawk of the genus Morphnus. -- Eagle owl (Zoöl.), any large owl of the genus Bubo, and allied genera; as the American great horned owl (Bubo Virginianus), and the allied European species (B. maximus). See Horned owl. -- Eagle ray (Zoöl.), any large species of ray of the genus Myliobatis (esp. M. aquila). -- Eagle vulture (Zoöl.), a large West African bid (Gypohierax Angolensis), intermediate, in several respects, between the eagles and vultures.

EAGLE-EYED Ea"gle-eyed`, a.

Defn: Sharp-sighted as an eagle. "Inwardly eagle-eyed." Howell.

EAGLE-SIGHTED Ea"gle-sight`ed, a.

Defn: Farsighted and strong-sighted; sharp-sighted. Shak.

EAGLESS Ea"gless, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. aiglesse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A female or hen eagle. [R.] Sherwood.

EAGLESTONE Ea"gle*stone, n. (Min.)

Defn: A concretionary nodule of clay ironstone, of the size of a walnut or larger, so called by the ancients, who believed that the eagle transported these stones to her nest to facilitate the laying of her eggs; aëtites.

EAGLET Ea"glet, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. aiglet.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young eagle, or a diminutive eagle.

EAGLE-WINGED Ea"gle-winged`, a.

Defn: Having the wings of an eagle; swift, or soaring high, like an eagle. Shak.

EAGLEWOOD Ea"gle*wood`, n. Etym: [From Skr. aguru, through Pg. aguila; cf. F. bois d'aigle.]

Defn: A kind of fragrant wood. See Agallochum.

EAGRASS Ea"grass, n.

Defn: See Eddish. [Obs.]

EAGRE Ea"gre, n. Etym: [AS. eágor, , in comp., water, sea, eágor-streám water stream, sea.]

Defn: A wave, or two or three successive waves, of great height and violence, at flood tide moving up an estuary or river; -- commonly called the bore. See Bore.

EALDERMAN; EALDORMAN Eal"der*man, Eal"dor*man, n.

Defn: An alderman. [Obs.]

EALE Eale, n. Etym: [See Ale.]

Defn: Ale. [Obs.] Shak.

EAME Eame, n. Etym: [AS. eám; akin to D. oom, G. ohm, oheim; cf. L. avunculus.]

Defn: Uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.

EAN Ean, v. t. & i. Etym: [AS. eánian. See Yean.]

Defn: To bring forth, as young; to yean. "In eaning time." Shak.

EANLING Ean"ling, n. Etym: [See Ean, Yeanling.]

Defn: A lamb just brought forth; a yeanling. Shak.

EAR Ear, n. Etym: [AS. eáre; akin to OFries. áre, ár, OS. , D. oor, OHG. , G. ohr, Icel. eyra, Sw. öra, Dan. öre, Goth. auso, L. auris, Lith. ausis, Russ. ukho, Gr. audire to hear, Gr. av to favor , protect. Cf. Auricle, Orillon.]

1. The organ of hearing; the external ear.

Note: In man and the higher vertebrates, the organ of hearing is very complicated, and is divisible into three parts: the external ear, which includes the pinna or auricle and meatus or external opening; the middle ear, drum, or tympanum; and the internal ear, or labyrinth. The middle ear is a cavity connected by the Eustachian tube with the pharynx, separated from the opening of the external ear by the tympanic membrane, and containing a chain of three small bones, or ossicles, named malleus, incus, and stapes, which connect this membrane with the internal ear. The essential part of the internal ear where the fibers of the auditory nerve terminate, is the membranous labyrinth, a complicated system of sacs and tubes filled with a fluid (the endolymph), and lodged in a cavity, called the bony labyrinth, in the periotic bone. The membranous labyrinth does not completely fill the bony labyrinth, but is partially suspended in it in a fluid (the perilymph). The bony labyrinth consists of a central cavity, the vestibule, into which three semicircular canals and the canal of the cochlea (spirally coiled in mammals) open. The vestibular portion of the membranous labyrinth consists of two sacs, the utriculus and sacculus, connected by a narrow tube, into the former of which three membranous semicircular canals open, while the latter is connected with a membranous tube in the cochlea containing the organ of Corti. By the help of the external ear the sonorous vibrations of the air are concentrated upon the tympanic membrane and set it vibrating, the chain of bones in the middle ear transmits these vibrations to the internal ear, where they cause certain delicate structures in the organ of Corti, and other parts of the membranous labyrinth, to stimulate the fibers of the auditory nerve to transmit sonorous impulses to the brain.

2. The sense of hearing; the perception of sounds; the power of discriminating between different tones; as, a nice ear for music; -- in the singular only. Songs . . . not all ungrateful to thine ear. Tennyson.

3. That which resembles in shape or position the ear of an animal; any prominence or projection on an object, -- usually one for support or attachment; a lug; a handle; as, the ears of a tub, a skillet, or dish. The ears of a boat are outside kneepieces near the bow. See Illust. of Bell.

4. (Arch.) (a) Same as Acroterium (a). (b) Same as Crossette.

5. Privilege of being kindly heard; favor; attention. Dionysius . . . would give no ear to his suit. Bacon. Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. Shak. About the ears, in close proximity to; near at hand. -- By the ears, in close contest; as, to set by the ears; to fall together by the ears; to be by the ears. -- Button ear (in dogs), an ear which falls forward and completely hides the inside. -- Ear finger, the little finger. -- Ear of Dionysius, a kind of ear trumpet with a flexible tube; -- named from the Sicilian tyrant, who constructed a device to overhear the prisoners in his dungeons. -- Ear sand (Anat.), otoliths. See Otolith. -- Ear snail (Zoöl.), any snail of the genus Auricula and allied genera. -- Ear stones (Anat.), otoliths. See Otolith. -- Ear trumpet, an instrument to aid in hearing. It consists of a tube broad at the outer end, and narrowing to a slender extremity which enters the ear, thus collecting and intensifying sounds so as to assist the hearing of a partially deaf person. -- Ear vesicle (Zoöl.), a simple auditory organ, occurring in many worms, mollusks, etc. It consists of a small sac containing a fluid and one or more solid concretions or otocysts. -- Rose ear (in dogs), an ear which folds backward and shows part of the inside. -- To give ear to, to listen to; to heed, as advice or one advising. "Give ear unto my song." Goldsmith. -- To have one's ear, to be listened to with favor. -- Up to the ears, deeply submerged; almost overwhelmed; as, to be in trouble up to one's ears. [Colloq.]

EAR Ear, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eared; p. pr. & vb. n. Earing.]

Defn: To take in with the ears; to hear. [Sportive] "I eared her language." Two Noble Kinsmen.

EAR Ear, n. Etym: [AS. ear; akin to D. aar, OHG. ahir, G. ähre, Icel., Sw., & Dan. ax, Goth. ahs. . Cf. Awn, Edge.]

Defn: The spike or head of any cereal (as, wheat, rye, barley, Indian corn, etc.), containing the kernels. First the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear. Mark iv. 28.

EAR Ear, v. i.

Defn: To put forth ears in growing; to form ears, as grain; as, this corn ears well.

EAR Ear, v. t. Etym: [OE. erien, AS. erian; akin to OFries. era, OHG. erran, MHG. eren, ern, Prov. G. aren, ären, Icel. erja, Goth. arjan, Lith. arti, OSlav. orati, L. arare, Gr. Arable.]

Defn: To plow or till; to cultivate. "To ear the land." Shak.

EARABLE Ear"a*ble, a.

Defn: Arable; tillable. [Archaic]

EARACHE Ear"ache`, n.

Defn: Ache or pain in the ear.

EARAL Ear"al, a.

Defn: Receiving by the ear. [Obs.] Hewyt.

EAR-BORED Ear"-bored`, a.

Defn: Having the ear perforated.

EARCAP Ear"cap`, n.

Defn: A cap or cover to protect the ear from cold.

EARCOCKLE Ear"coc`kle, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A disease in wheat, in which the blackened and contracted grain, or ear, is filled with minute worms.

EARDROP Ear"drop`, n.

1. A pendant for the ear; an earring; as, a pair of eardrops.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of primrose. See Auricula.

EARDRUM Ear"drum`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: The tympanum. See Illust. of Ear.

EARED Eared, a.

1. Having (such or so many) ears; -- used in composition; as, long- eared-eared; sharp-eared; full-eared; ten-eared.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having external ears; having tufts of feathers resembling ears. Eared owl (Zoöl.), an owl having earlike tufts of feathers, as the long-eared owl, and short-eared owl. -- Eared seal (Zoöl.), any seal of the family Otariidæ, including the fur seals and hair seals. See Seal.

EARINESS Ear"i*ness, n. Etym: [Scotch ery or eiry affected with fear.]

Defn: Fear or timidity, especially of something supernatural. [Written also eiryness.] The sense of eariness, as twilight came on. De Quincey.

EARING Ear"ing, n. (Naut.) (a) A line used to fasten the upper corners of a sail to the yard or gaff; -- also called head earing. (b) A line for hauling the reef cringle to the yard; -- also called reef earing. (c) A line fastening the corners of an awning to the rigging or stanchions.

EARING Ear"ing, n.

Defn: Coming into ear, as corn.

EARING Ear"ing, n.

Defn: A plowing of land. [Archaic] Neither earing nor harvest. Gen. xlv. 6.

EARL Earl, n. Etym: [OE. eorl, erl, AS. eorl man, noble; akin to OS. erl boy, man, Icel. jarl nobleman, count, and possibly to Gr. arshan man. Cf. Jarl.]

Defn: A nobleman of England ranking below a marquis, and above a viscount. The rank of an earl corresponds to that of a count (comte) in France, and graf in Germany. Hence the wife of an earl is still called countess. See Count.

EARL Earl, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The needlefish. [Ireland]

EARLAP Ear"lap`, n.

Defn: The lobe of the ear.

EARLDOM Earl"dom, n. Etym: [AS. eorl-d; eorl man, noble + -d -dom.]

1. The jurisdiction of an earl; the territorial possessions of an earl.

2. The status, title, or dignity of an earl. He [Pulteney] shrunk into insignificancy and an earldom. Chesterfield.

EARLDORMAN Earl"dor*man, n.

Defn: Alderman. [Obs.]

EARLDUCK Earl"duck`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The red-breasted merganser (Merganser serrator).

EARLES PENNY Earles" pen`ny. Etym: [Cf. Arles, 4th Earnest.]

Defn: Earnest money. Same as Arles penny. [Obs.]

EARLESS Ear"less, a.

Defn: Without ears; hence, deaf or unwilling to hear. Pope.

EARLET Ear"let, n. Etym: [Ear + -let.]

Defn: An earring. [Obs.] The Ismaelites were accustomed to wear golden earlets. Judg. viii. 24 (Douay version).

EARLINESS Ear"li*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being early or forward; promptness.

EARL MARSHAL Earl" mar"shal.

Defn: An officer of state in England who marshals and orders all great ceremonials, takes cognizance of matters relating to honor, arms, and pedigree, and directs the proclamation of peace and war. The court of chivalry was formerly under his jurisdiction, and he is still the head of the herald's office or college of arms.

EARLOCK Ear"lock`, n. Etym: [AS. eár-locca.]

Defn: A lock or curl of hair near the ear; a lovelock. See Lovelock.

EARLY Ear"ly, adv. Etym: [OE. erli, erliche, AS. ; sooner + lic like. See Ere, and Like.]

Defn: Soon; in good season; seasonably; betimes; as, come early. Those that me early shall find me. Prov. viii. 17. You must wake and call me early. Tennyson.

EARLY Ear"ly, a. [Compar. Earlier; superl. Earliest.] Etym: [OE. earlich. Early, adv.]

1. In advance of the usual or appointed time; in good season; prior in time; among or near the first; -- opposed to Ant: late; as, the early bird; an early spring; early fruit. Early and provident fear is the mother of safety. Burke. The doorsteps and threshold with the early grass springing up about them. Hawthorne.

2. Coming in the first part of a period of time, or among the first of successive acts, events, etc. Seen in life's early morning sky. Keble. The forms of its earlier manhood. Longfellow. The earliest poem he composed was in his seventeenth summer. J. C. Shairp. Early English (Philol.) See the Note under English. -- Early English architecture, the first of the pointed or Gothic styles used in England, succeeding the Norman style in the 12th and 13th centuries.

Syn. -- Forward; timely; not late; seasonable.

EARMARK Ear"mark`, n.

1. A mark on the ear of sheep, oxen, dogs, etc., as by cropping or slitting.

2. A mark for identification; a distinguishing mark. Money is said to have no earmark. Wharton. Flying, he [a slave] should be described by the rounding of his head, and his earmark. Robynson (More's Utopia). A set of intellectual ideas . . . have earmarks upon them, no tokens of a particular proprietor. Burrow.

EARMARK Ear"mark`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earmarked; p. pr. & vb. n. Earmarking.]

Defn: To mark, as sheep, by cropping or slitting the ear.

EAR-MINDED Ear"-mind"ed, a. (Physiol. Psychol.)

Defn: Thinking chiefly or most readily through, or in terms related to, the sense of hearing; specif., thinking words as spoken, as a result of familiarity with speech or of mental peculiarity; -- opposed to eye-minded.

EARN Earn, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Ern, n. Sir W. Scott.

EARN Earn, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earned; p. pr. & vb. n. Earning.] Etym: [AS. earnian; akin to OHG. arn to reap, aran harvest, G. ernte, Goth. asans harvest, asneis hireling, AS. esne; cf. Icel. önn working season, work.]

1. To merit or deserve, as by labor or service; to do that which entitles one to (a reward, whether the reward is received or not). The high repute Which he through hazard huge must earn. Milton.

2. To acquire by labor, service, or performance; to deserve and receive as compensation or wages; as, to earn a good living; to earn honors or laurels. I earn that [what] I eat. Shak. The bread I have earned by the hazard of my life or the sweat of my brow. Burke. Earned run (Baseball), a run which is made without the assistance of errors on the opposing side.

Syn. -- See Obtain.

EARN Earn, v. t. & i. Etym: [See 1st Yearn.]

Defn: To grieve. [Obs.]

EARN Earn, v. i. Etym: [See 4th Yearn.]

Defn: To long; to yearn. [Obs.] And ever as he rode, his heart did earn To prove his puissance in battle brave. Spenser.

EARN Earn, v. i. Etym: [AS. irnan to run. Rennet, and cf. Yearnings.]

Defn: To curdle, as milk. [Prov. Eng.]

EARNEST Ear"nest, n. Etym: [AS. eornost, eornest; akin to OHG. ernust, G. ernst; cf. Icel. orrosta battle, perh. akin to Gr. oriri to rise.]

Defn: Seriousness; reality; fixed determination; eagerness; intentness. Take heed that this jest do not one day turn to earnest. Sir P. Sidney. And given in earnest what I begged in jest. Shak. In earnest, serious; seriously; not in jest; earnestly.

EARNEST Ear"nest, a.

1. Ardent in the pursuit of an object; eager to obtain or do; zealous with sincerity; with hearty endeavor; heartfelt; fervent; hearty; -- used in a good sense; as, earnest prayers. An earnest advocate to plead for him. Shak.

2. Intent; fixed closely; as, earnest attention.

3. Serious; important. [Obs.] They whom earnest lets do often hinder. Hooker.

Syn. -- Eager; warm; zealous; ardent; animated; importunate; fervent; sincere; serious; hearty; urgent. See Eager.

EARNEST Ear"nest, v. t.

Defn: To use in earnest. [R.] To earnest them [our arms] with men. Pastor Fido (1602).

EARNEST Ear"nest, n. Etym: [Prob. corrupted fr. F. arrhes, L. arra, arrha, arrhabo, Gr. ; or perh. fr. W. ernes, akin to Gael. earlas, perh. fr. L. arra. Cf. Arles, Earles penny.]

1. Something given, or a part paid beforehand, as a pledge; pledge; handsel; a token of what is to come. Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts. 2 Cor. i. 22. And from his coffers Received the golden earnest of our death. Shak.

2. (Law)

Defn: Something of value given by the buyer to the seller, by way of token or pledge, to bind the bargain and prove the sale. Kent. Ayliffe. Benjamin. Earnest money (Law), money paid as earnest, to bind a bargain or to ratify and prove a sale.

Syn. -- Earnest, Pledge. These words are here compared as used in their figurative sense. Earnest is not so strong as pledge. An earnest, like first fruits, gives assurance, or at least a high probability, that more is coming of the same kind; a pledge, like money deposited, affords security and ground of reliance for the future. Washington gave earnest of his talent as commander by saving his troops after Braddock's defeat; his fortitude and that of his soldiers during the winter at Valley Forge might rightly be considered a pledge of their ultimate triumph.

EARNESTFUL Ear"nest*ful, a.

Defn: Serious. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EARNESTLY Ear"nest*ly, adv.

Defn: In an earnest manner.

EARNESTNESS Ear"nest*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being earnest; intentness; anxiety. An honest earnestness in the young man's manner. W. Irving.

EARNFUL Earn"ful, a. Etym: [From Earn to yearn.]

Defn: Full of anxiety or yearning. [Obs.] P. Fletcher.

EARNING Earn"ing, n.; pl. Earnings (.

Defn: That which is earned; wages gained by work or services; money earned; -- used commonly in the plural. As to the common people, their stock is in their persons and in their earnings. Burke.

EARPICK Ear"pick`, n.

Defn: An instrument for removing wax from the ear.

EAR-PIERCER Ear"-pier`cer, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The earwig.

EARREACH Ear"reach`, n.

Defn: Earshot. Marston.

EARRING Ear"ring`, n.

Defn: An ornament consisting of a ring passed through the lobe of the ear, with or without a pendant.

EARSH Earsh, n.

Defn: See Arrish.

EAR-SHELL Ear"-shell`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A flattened marine univalve shell of the genus Haliotis; -- called also sea-ear. See Abalone.

EARSHOT Ear"shot`, n.

Defn: Reach of the ear; distance at which words may be heard. Dryden.

EARSHRIFT Ear"shrift`, n.

Defn: A nickname for auricular confession; shrift. [Obs.] Cartwright.

EARSORE Ear"sore`, n.

Defn: An annoyance to the ear. [R.] The perpetual jangling of the chimes . . . is no small earsore Sir T. Browne.

EAR-SPLITTING Ear"-split`ting, a.

Defn: Deafening; disagreeably loud or shrill; as, ear-splitting strains.

EARST Earst, adv.

Defn: See Erst. [Obs.] Spenser.

EARTH Earth, n. Etym: [AS. eor; akin to OS. ertha, OFries. irthe, D. aarde, OHG. erda, G. erde, Icel. jör, Sw. & Dan. jord, Goth. airpa, OHG. ero, Gr. ear to plow.]

1. The globe or planet which we inhabit; the world, in distinction from the sun, moon, or stars. Also, this world as the dwelling place of mortals, in distinction from the dwelling place of spirits. That law preserves the earth a sphere And guides the planets in their course. S. Rogers. In heaven, or earth, or under earth, in hell. Milton.

2. The solid materials which make up the globe, in distinction from the air or water; the dry land. God called the dry land earth. Gen. i. 10. He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of earth and water never appear in him. Shak.

3. The softer inorganic matter composing part of the surface of the globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil of all kinds, including gravel, clay, loam, and the like; sometimes, soil favorable to the growth of plants; the visible surface of the globe; the ground; as, loose earth; rich earth. Give him a little earth for charity. Shak.

4. A part of this globe; a region; a country; land. Would I had never trod this English earth. Shak.

5. Worldly things, as opposed to spiritual things; the pursuits, interests, and allurements of this life. Our weary souls by earth beguiled. Keble.

6. The people on the globe. The whole earth was of one language. Gen. xi. 1.

7. (Chem.) (a) Any earthy-looking metallic oxide, as alumina, glucina, zirconia, yttria, and thoria. (b) A similar oxide, having a slight alkaline reaction, as lime, magnesia, strontia, baryta.

8. A hole in the ground, where an animal hides himself; as, the earth of a fox. Macaulay. They [ferrets] course the poor conies out of their earths. Holland.

Note: Earth is used either adjectively or in combination to form compound words; as, earth apple or earth-apple; earth metal or earth- metal; earth closet or earth-closet. Adamic earth, Bitter earth, Bog earth, Chian earth, etc. See under Adamic, Bitter, etc. -- Alkaline earths. See under Alkaline. -- Earth apple. (Bot.) (a) A potato. (b) A cucumber. -- Earth auger, a form of auger for boring into the ground; -- called also earth borer. -- Earth bath, a bath taken by immersing the naked body in earth for healing purposes. -- Earth battery (Physics), a voltaic battery the elements of which are buried in the earth to be acted on by its moisture. -- Earth chestnut, the pignut. -- Earth closet, a privy or commode provided with dry earth or a similar substance for covering and deodorizing the fæcal discharges. -- Earth dog (Zoöl.), a dog that will dig in the earth, or enter holes of foxes, etc. -- Earth hog, Earth pig (Zoöl.), the aard-vark. -- Earth hunger, an intense desire to own land, or, in the case of nations, to extend their domain. -- Earth light (Astron.), the light reflected by the earth, as upon the moon, and corresponding to moonlight; -- called also earth shine. Sir J. Herschel. -- Earth metal. See 1st Earth,

7. (Chem.) -- Earth oil, petroleum. -- Earth pillars or pyramids (Geol.), high pillars or pyramids of earth, sometimes capped with a single stone, found in Switzerland. Lyell. -- Earth pitch (Min.), mineral tar, a kind of asphaltum. -- Earth quadrant, a fourth of the earth's circumference. -- Earth table (Arch.), the lowest course of stones visible in a building; the ground table. -- On earth, an intensive expression, oftenest used in questions and exclamations; as, What on earth shall I do Nothing on earth will satisfy him. [Colloq.]

EARTH Earth, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earthed; p. pr. & vb. n. Earthing.]

1. To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to chase into a burrow or den. "The fox is earthed." Dryden.

2. To cover with earth or mold; to inter; to bury; -- sometimes with up. The miser earths his treasure, and the thief, Watching the mole, half beggars him ere noon. Young. Why this in earthing up a carcass R. Blair.

EARTH Earth, v. i.

Defn: To burrow. Tickell.

EARTH Earth, n. Etym: [From Ear to plow.]

Defn: A plowing. [Obs.] Such land as ye break up for barley to sow, Two earths at the least, ere ye sow it, bestow. Tusser.

EARTHBAG Earth"bag`, n. (Mil.)

Defn: A bag filled with earth, used commonly to raise or repair a parapet.

EARTHBANK Earth"bank`, n.

Defn: A bank or mound of earth.

EARTHBOARD Earth"board`, n. (Agric.)

Defn: The part of a plow, or other implement, that turns over the earth; the moldboard.

EARTHBORN Earth"born`, a.

1. Born of the earth; terrigenous; springing originally from the earth; human. Some earthborn giant. Milton.

2. Relating to, or occasioned by, earthly objects. All earthborn cares are wrong. Goldsmith.

EARTHBRED Earth"bred`, a.

Defn: Low; grovelling; vulgar.

EARTHDIN Earth"din`, n.

Defn: An earthquake. [Obs.]

EARTHDRAKE Earth"drake`, n.

Defn: A mythical monster of the early Anglo-Saxon literature; a dragon. W. Spalding.

EARTHEN Earth"en, a.

Defn: Made of earth; made of burnt or baked clay, or other like substances; as, an earthen vessel or pipe.

EARTHEN-HEARTED Earth"en-heart`ed, a.

Defn: Hard-hearted; sordid; gross. [Poetic] Lowell.

EARTHENWARE Earth"en*ware`, n.

Defn: Vessels and other utensils, ornaments, or the like, made of baked clay. See Crockery, Pottery, Stoneware, and Porcelain.

EARTH FLAX Earth" flax`. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of asbestus. See Amianthus.

EARTHFORK Earth"fork`, n.

Defn: A pronged fork for turning up the earth.

EARTHINESS Earth"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being earthy, or of containing earth; hence, grossness.

EARTHLIGHT Earth"light`, n. (Astron.)

Defn: The sunlight reflected from the earth to the moon, by which we see faintly, when the moon is near the sun (either before or after new moon), that part of the moon's disk unillumined by direct sunlight, or "the old moon in the arms of the new."

EARTHLINESS Earth"li*ness, n.

Defn: The quality or state of being earthly; worldliness; grossness; perishableness.

EARTHLING Earth"ling, n. Etym: [Earth + -ling.]

Defn: An inhabitant of the earth; a mortal. Earthings oft her deemed a deity. Drummond.

EARTHLY Earth"ly, a.

1. Pertaining to the earth; belonging to this world, or to man's existence on the earth; not heavenly or spiritual; carnal; worldly; as, earthly joys; earthly flowers; earthly praise. This earthly load Of death, called life. Milton. Whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things. Phil. iii. 19.

2. Of all things on earth; possible; conceivable. What earthly benefit can be the result Pope.

3. Made of earth; earthy. [Obs.] Holland.

Syn. -- Gross; material; sordid; mean; base; vile; low; unsubstantial; temporary; corrupt; groveling.

EARTHLY Earth"ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of the earth or its people; worldly. Took counsel from his guiding eyes To make this wisdom earthly wise. Emerson.

EARTHLY-MINDED Earth"ly-mind`ed, a.

Defn: Having a mind devoted to earthly things; worldly-minded; -- opposed to spiritual-minded. -- Earth"ly-mind`ed*ness, n.

EARTHMAD Earth"mad`, n. Etym: [Earth + mad an earthworm.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The earthworm. [Obs.] The earthmads and all the sorts of worms . . . are without eyes. Holland.

EARTHNUT Earth"nut`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A name given to various roots, tubers, or pods grown under or on the ground; as to: (a) The esculent tubers of the umbelliferous plants Bunium flexuosum and Carum Bulbocastanum. (b) The peanut. See Peanut.

EARTHPEA Earth"pea`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A species of pea (Amphicarpæa monoica). It is a climbing leguminous plant, with hairy underground pods.

EARTHQUAKE Earth"quake`, n.

Defn: A shaking, trembling, or concussion of the earth, due to subterranean causes, often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The wave of shock sometimes traverses half a hemisphere, destroying cities and many thousand lives; -- called also earthdin, earthquave, and earthshock. Earthquake alarm, a bell signal constructed to operate on the theory that a few seconds before the occurrence of an earthquake the magnet temporarily loses its power.

EARTHQUAKE Earth"quake`, a.

Defn: Like, or characteristic of, an earthquake; loud; starling. The earthquake voice of victory. Byron.

EARTHQUAVE Earth"quave`, n.

Defn: An earthquake.

EARTH SHINE Earth" shine`.

Defn: See Earth light, under Earth.

EARTHSHOCK Earth"shock`, n.

Defn: An earthquake.

EARTHSTAR Earth"star`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A curious fungus of the genus Geaster, in which the outer coating splits into the shape of a star, and the inner one forms a ball containing the dustlike spores.

EARTH-TONGUE Earth"-tongue`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A fungus of the genus Geoglossum.

EARTHWARD; EARTHWARDS Earth"ward, Earth"wards (, adv.

Defn: Toward the earth; -- opposed to heavenward or skyward.

EARTHWORK Earth"work`, n.

1. (Mil.)

Defn: Any construction, whether a temporary breastwork or permanent fortification, for attack or defense, the material of which is chiefly earth.

2. (Engin.) (a) The operation connected with excavations and embankments of earth in preparing foundations of buildings, in constructing canals, railroads, etc. (b) An embankment or construction made of earth.

EARTHWORM Earth"worm`, n.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any worm of the genus Lumbricus and allied genera, found in damp soil. One of the largest and most abundant species in Europe and America is L. terrestris; many others are known; -- called also angleworm and dewworm.

2. A mean, sordid person; a niggard. Norris.

EARTHY Earth"y, a.

1. Consisting of, or resembling, earth; terrene; earthlike; as, earthy matter. How pale she looks, And of an earthy cold! Shak. All over earthy, like a piece of earth. Tennyson.

2. Of or pertaining to the earth or to, this world; earthly; terrestrial; carnal. [R.] "Their earthy charge." Milton. The first man is of the earth, earthy; the second man is from heaven. As is the earthy, such are they also that are earthy. 1 Cor. xv. 47, 48 (Rev. Ver. ) Earthy spirits black and envious are. Dryden.

3. Gross; low; unrefined. "Her earthy and abhorred commands." Shak.

4. (Min.)

Defn: Without luster, or dull and roughish to the touch; as, an earthy fracture.

EARWAX Ear"wax`, n. (Anat.)

Defn: See Cerumen.

EARWIG Ear"wig`, n. Etym: [AS. eárwicga; eáre ear + wicga beetle, worm: cf. Prov. E. erri-wiggle.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any insect of the genus Forticula and related genera, belonging to the order Euplexoptera.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: In America, any small chilopodous myriapod, esp. of the genus Geophilus.

Note: Both insects are so called from the supposition that they creep into the human ear.

3. A whisperer of insinuations; a secret counselor. Johnson.

EARWIG Ear"wig`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Earwigged; p. pr. & vb. n. Earwigging.]

Defn: To influence, or attempt to influence, by whispered insinuations or private talk. "No longer was he earwigged by the Lord Cravens." Lord Campbell.

EARWITNESS Ear"wit`ness, n.

Defn: A witness by means of his ears; one who is within hearing and does hear; a hearer. Fuller.

EASE Ease, n. Etym: [OE. ese, eise, F. aise; akin to Pr. ais, aise, OIt. asio, It. agio; of uncertain origin; cf. L. ansa handle, occasion, opportunity. Cf. Agio, Disease.]

1. Satisfaction; pleasure; hence, accommodation; entertainment. [Obs.] They him besought Of harbor and or ease as for hire penny. Chaucer.

2. Freedom from anything that pains or troubles; as: (a) Relief from labor or effort; rest; quiet; relaxation; as, ease of body. Usefulness comes by labor, wit by ease. Herbert. Give yourself ease from the fatigue of watching. Swift.

(b) Freedom from care, solicitude, or anything that annoys or disquiets; tranquillity; peace; comfort; security; as, ease of mind. Among these nations shalt thou find no ease. Deut. xxviii. 65. Take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry. Luke xii. 19.

(c) Freedom from constraint, formality, difficulty, embarrassment, etc.; facility; liberty; naturalness; -- said of manner, style, etc.; as, ease of style, of behavior, of address. True ease in writing comes from art, not chance. Pope. Whate'er he did was done with so much ease, In him alone 't was natural to please. Dryden. At ease, free from pain, trouble, or anxiety. "His soul shall dwell at ease." Ps. xxv. 12. -- Chapel of ease. See under Chapel. -- Ill at ease, not at ease, disquieted; suffering; anxious. -- To stand at ease (Mil.), to stand in a comfortable attitude in one's place in the ranks. -- With ease, easily; without much effort.

Syn. -- Rest; quiet; repose; comfortableness; tranquility; facility; easiness; readiness.

EASE Ease, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Eased; p. pr. & vb. n. Easing.] Etym: [OE. esen, eisen, OF. aisier. See Ease, n.]

1. To free from anything that pains, disquiets, or oppresses; to relieve from toil or care; to give rest, repose, or tranquility to; - - often with of; as, to ease of pain; ease the body or mind. Eased [from] the putting off These troublesome disguises which we wear. Milton. Sing, and I 'll ease thy shoulders of thy load. Dryden.

2. To render less painful or oppressive; to mitigate; to alleviate. My couch shall ease my complaint. Job vii. 13.

3. To release from pressure or restraint; to move gently; to lift slightly; to shift a little; as, to ease a bar or nut in machinery.

4. To entertain; to furnish with accommodations. [Obs.] Chaucer. To ease off, To ease away (Naut.), to slacken a rope gradually. -- To ease a ship (Naut.), to put the helm hard, or regulate the sail, to prevent pitching when closehauled. -- To ease the helm (Naut.), to put the helm more nearly amidships, to lessen the effect on the ship, or the strain on the wheel rope. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Syn. -- To relieve; disburden; quiet; calm; tranquilize; assuage; alleviate; allay; mitigate; appease; pacify.

EASEFUL Ease"ful, a.

Defn: Full of ease; suitable for affording ease or rest; quiet; comfortable; restful. Shak. -- Ease"ful*ly, adv. -- Ease"ful*ness, n.

EASEL Ea"sel, n. Etym: [D. ezel ass, donkey, hence, easel, or G. esel; akin to E. ass. See Ass.]

Defn: A frame (commonly) of wood serving to hold a canvas upright, or nearly upright, for the painter's convenience or for exhibition. Easel picture, Easel piece, a painting of moderate size such as is made while resting on an easel, as distinguished from a painting on a wall or ceiling.

EASELESS Ease"less, a.

Defn: Without ease. Donne.

EASEMENT Ease"ment, n. Etym: [OF. aisement. See Ease, n.]

1. That which gives ease, relief, or assistance; convenience; accommodation. In need of every kind of relief and easement. Burke.

2. (Law)

Defn: A liberty, privilege, or advantage, which one proprietor has in the estate of another proprietor, distinct from the ownership of the soil, as a way, water course, etc. It is a species of what the civil law calls servitude. Kent.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: A curved member instead of an abrupt change of direction, as in a baseboard, hand rail, etc.

EASILY Eas"i*ly, adv. Etym: [From Easy.]

1. With ease; without difficulty or much effort; as, this task may be easily performed; that event might have been easily foreseen.

2. Without pain, anxiety, or disturbance; as, to pass life well and easily. Sir W. Temple.

3. Readily; without reluctance; willingly. Not soon provoked, she easily forgives. Prior.

4. Smoothly; quietly; gently; gracefully; without

5. Without shaking or jolting; commodiously; as, a carriage moves easily.

EASINESS Eas"i*ness, n.

1. The state or condition of being easy; freedom from distress; rest.

2. Freedom from difficulty; ease; as the easiness of a task.

3. Freedom from emotion; compliance; disposition to yield without opposition; unconcernedness. Give to him, and he shall but laugh at your easiness. South.

4. Freedom from effort, constraint, or formality; -- said of style, manner, etc. With painful care, but seeming easiness. Roscommon.

5. Freedom from jolting, jerking, or straining.

EAST East, n. Etym: [OE. est, east, AS. eást; akin to D. oost, oosten, OHG. , G. ost, osten, Icel. austr, Sw. ost, Dan. öst, östen, Lith. auszra dawn, L. aurora (for ausosa), Gr. ushas; cf. Skr. ush to burn, L. urere. Aurora, Easter, Sterling.]

1. The point in the heavens where the sun is seen to rise at the equinox, or the corresponding point on the earth; that one of the four cardinal points of the compass which is in a direction at right angles to that of north and south, and which is toward the right hand of one who faces the north; the point directly opposite to the west. The east began kindle. E. Everett.

2. The eastern parts of the earth; the regions or countries which lie east of Europe; the orient. In this indefinite sense, the word is applied to Asia Minor, Syria, Chaldea, Persia, India, China, etc.; as, the riches of the East; the diamonds and pearls of the East; the kings of the East. The gorgeous East, with richest hand, Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold. Milton.

3. (U. S. Hist. and Geog.)

Defn: Formerly, the part of the United States east of the Alleghany Mountains, esp. the Eastern, or New England, States; now, commonly, the whole region east of the Mississippi River, esp. that which is north of Maryland and the Ohio River; -- usually with the definite article; as, the commerce of the East is not independent of the agriculture of the West. East by north, East by south, according to the notation of the mariner's compass, that point which lies 11 -- East-northeast, East-southeast, that which lie 22Illust. of Compass.

EAST East, a.

Defn: Toward the rising sun; or toward the point where the sun rises when in the equinoctial; as, the east gate; the east border; the east side; the east wind is a wind that blows from the east.

EAST East, adv.

Defn: Eastward.

EAST East, v. i.

Defn: To move toward the east; to veer from the north or south toward the east; to orientate.

EASTER Eas"ter, n. Etym: [AS. eáster, eástran, paschal feast, Easter; akin to G. ostern; fr. AS. Eástre, a goddess of light or spring, in honor of whom a festival was celebrated in April; whence this month was called in AS. Eásterm. From the root of E. east. See East.]

1. An annual church festival commemorating Christ's resurrection, and occurring on Sunday, the second day after Good Friday. It corresponds to the pasha or passover of the Jews, and most nations still give it this name under the various forms of pascha, pasque, pâque, or pask.

2. The day on which the festival is observed; Easter day.

Note: Easter is used either adjectively or as the first element of a compound; as, Easter day or Easter-day, Easter Sunday, Easter week, Easter gifts. Sundays by thee more glorious break, An Easter day in every week. Keble.

Note: Easter day, on which the rest of the movable feasts depend, is always the first Sunday after the fourteenth day of the calendar moon which (fourteenth day) falls on, or next after, the 21st of March, according to the rules laid down for the construction of the calendar; so that if the fourteenth day happen on a Sunday, Easter day is the Sunday after. Eng. Cyc. Easter dues (Ch. of Eng.), money due to the clergy at Easter, formerly paid in communication of the tithe for personal labor and subject to exaction. For Easter dues, Easter offerings, voluntary gifts, have been substituted. -- Easter egg. (a) A painted or colored egg used as a present at Easter. (b) An imitation of an egg, in sugar or some fine material, sometimes made to serve as a box for jewelry or the like, used as an Easter present.

EASTER East"er, v. i. (Naut.)

Defn: To veer to the east; -- said of the wind. Russell.

EASTER LILY Eas"ter lil`y. (Bot.) Any one of various lilies or lilylike flowers which bloom about Easter; specif.: (a) The common white lily (Lilium candidum), called also Annunciation lily. (b) The larger white lily (Lilium longiflorum eximium, syn. L. Harrisii) called also Bermuda lily. (c) The daffodil (Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus). (d) The Atamasco lily.

EASTERLING East"er*ling, n. Etym: [Cf. Sterling.]

1. A native of a country eastward of another; -- used, by the English, of traders or others from the coasts of the Baltic. Merchants of Norway, Denmark, . . . called . . . Easterlings because they lie east in respect of us. Holinshed.

2. A piece of money coined in the east by Richard II. of England. Crabb.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The smew.

EASTERLING East"er*ling, a.

Defn: Relating to the money of the Easterlings, or Baltic traders. See Sterling.

EASTERLY East"er*ly, a.

1. Coming from the east; as, it was easterly wind.

2. Situated, directed, or moving toward the east; as, the easterly side of a lake; an easterly course or voyage.

EASTERLY East"er*ly, adv.

Defn: Toward, or in the direction of, the east.

EASTERN East"ern, a. Etym: [AS. eástern.]

1. Situated or dwelling in the east; oriental; as, an eastern gate; Eastern countries. Eastern churches first did Christ embrace. Stirling.

2. Going toward the east, or in the direction of east; as, an eastern voyage. Eastern Church. See Greek Church, under Greek.

EASTERN CHURCH Eastern Church.

Defn: That portion of the Christian church which prevails in the countries once comprised in the Eastern Roman Empire and the countries converted to Christianity by missionaries from them. Its full official title is The Orthodox Catholic Apostolic Eastern Church. It became estranged from the Western, or Roman, Church over the question of papal supremacy and the doctrine of the filioque, and a separation, begun in the latter part of the 9th century, became final in 1054. The Eastern Church consists of twelve (thirteen if the Bulgarian Church be included) mutually independent churches (including among these the Hellenic Church, or Church of Greece, and the Russian Church), using the vernacular (or some ancient form of it) in divine service and varying in many points of detail, but standing in full communion with each other and united as equals in a great federation. The highest five authorities are the patriarch of Constantinople, or ecumenical patriarch (whose position is not one of supremacy, but of precedence), the patriarch of Alexandria, the patriarch of Jerusalem, the patriarch of Antioch, and the Holy Synod of Russia. The Eastern Church accepts the first seven ecumenical councils (and is hence styled only schismatic, not heretical, by the Roman Catholic Church), has as its creed the Niceno- Constantinopolitan (without the later addition of the filioque, which, with the doctrine it represents, the church decisively rejects), baptizes infants with trine immersion, makes confirmation follow immediately upon baptism, administers the Communion in both kinds (using leavened bread) and to infants as well as adults, permits its secular clergy to marry before ordination and to keep their wives afterward, but not to marry a second time, selects its bishops from the monastic clergy only, recognizes the offices of bishop, priest, and deacon as the three necessary degrees of orders, venerates relics and icons, and has an elaborate ritual.

EASTERNMOST East"ern*most`, a.

Defn: Most eastern.

EAST INDIAN East" In"di*an (; see Indian).

Defn: Belonging to, or relating to, the East Indies. -- n.

Defn: A native of, or a dweller in, the East Indies.

EASTING East"ing, n. (Naut. & Surv.)

Defn: The distance measured toward the east between two meridians drawn through the extremities of a course; distance of departure eastward made by a vessel.

EAST-INSULAR East`-in"su*lar, a.

Defn: Relating to the Eastern Islands; East Indian. [R.] Ogilvie.

EASTWARD; EASTWARDS East"ward, East"wards, adv.

Defn: Toward the east; in the direction of east from some point or place; as, New Haven lies eastward from New York.

EASY Eas"y, a. [Compar. Easier; superl. Easiest.] Etym: [OF. aisié, F. aisé, prop. p. p. of OF. aisier. See Ease, v. t.]

1. At ease; free from pain, trouble, or constraint; as: (a) Free from pain, distress, toil, exertion, and the like; quiet; as, the patient is easy. (b) Free from care, responsibility, discontent, and the like; not anxious; tranquil; as, an easy mind. (c) Free from constraint, harshness, or formality; unconstrained; smooth; as, easy manners; an easy style. "The easy vigor of a line." Pope.

2. Not causing, or attended with, pain or disquiet, or much exertion; affording ease or rest; as, an easy carriage; a ship having an easy motion; easy movements, as in dancing. "Easy ways to die." Shak.

3. Not difficult; requiring little labor or effort; slight; inconsiderable; as, an easy task; an easy victory. It were an easy leap. Shak.

4. Causing ease; giving freedom from care or labor; furnishing comfort; commodious; as, easy circumstances; an easy chair or cushion.

5. Not making resistance or showing unwillingness; tractable; yielding; complying; ready. He gained their easy hearts. Dryden. He is too tyrannical to be an easy monarch. Sir W. Scott.

6. Moderate; sparing; frugal. [Obs.] Chaucer.

7. (Com.)

Defn: Not straitened as to money matters; as, the market is easy; -- opposed to tight. Honors are easy (Card Playing), said when each side has an equal number of honors, in which case they are not counted as points.

Syn. -- Quiet; comfortable; manageable; tranquil; calm; facile; unconcerned.

EASY-CHAIR Eas"y-chair`, n.

Defn: An armichair for ease or repose. "Laugh . . . in Rabelais' easy-chair." Pope.

EASY-GOING Eas"y-go`ing, a.

Defn: Moving easily; hence, mild-tempered; ease-loving; inactive.

EAT Eat, v. t. [imp. Ate, Obsolescent & Colloq. Eat (; p. p. Eaten, Obs. or Colloq. Eat (p. pr. & vb. n. Eating.] Etym: [OE. eten, AS. etan; akin to OS. etan, OFries. eta, D. eten, OHG. ezzan, G. essen, Icel. eta, Sw. äta, Dan. æde, Goth. itan, Ir. & Gael. ith, W. ysu, L. edere, Gr. ad. Etch, Fret to rub, Edible.]

1. To chew and swallow as food; to devour; -- said especially of food not liquid; as, to eat bread. "To eat grass as oxen." Dan. iv. 25. They . . . ate the sacrifices of the dead. Ps. cvi. 28. The lean . . . did eat up the first seven fat kine. Gen. xli. 20. The lion had not eaten the carcass. 1 Kings xiii. 28. With stories told of many a feat, How fairy Mab junkets eat. Milton. The island princes overbold Have eat our substance. Tennyson. His wretched estate is eaten up with mortgages. Thackeray.

2. To corrode, as metal, by rust; to consume the flesh, as a cancer; to waste or wear away; to destroy gradually; to cause to disappear. To eat humble pie. See under Humble. -- To eat of (partitive use). "Eat of the bread that can not waste." Keble. -- To eat one's words, to retract what one has said. (See the Citation under Blurt.) -- To eat out, to consume completely. "Eat out the heart and comfort of it." Tillotson. -- To eat the wind out of a vessel (Naut.), to gain slowly to windward of her.

Syn. -- To consume; devour; gnaw; corrode.

EAT Eat, v. i.

1. To take food; to feed; especially, to take solid, in distinction from liquid, food; to board. He did eat continually at the king's table. 2 Sam. ix. 13.

2. To taste or relish; as, it eats like tender beef.

3. To make one's way slowly. To eat, To eat in or into, to make way by corrosion; to gnaw; to consume. "A sword laid by, which eats into itself." Byron. -- To eat to windward (Naut.), to keep the course when closehauled with but little steering; -- said of a vessel.

EATABLE Eat"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being eaten; fit to be eaten; proper for food; esculent; edible. -- n.

Defn: Something fit to be eaten.

EATAGE Eat"age (; 48), n.

Defn: Eatable growth of grass for horses and cattle, esp. that of aftermath.

EATER Eat"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, eats.

EATH Eath, a. & adv. Etym: [AS. eá.]

Defn: Easy or easily. [Obs.] "Eath to move with plaints." Fairfax.

EATING Eat"ing, n.

1. The act of tasking food; the act of consuming or corroding.

2. Something fit to be eaten; food; as, a peach is good eating. [Colloq.] Eating house, a house where cooked provisions are sold, to be eaten on the premises.

EAU DE COLOGNE Eau` de Co*logne". Etym: [F. eau water (L. aqua) + de of + Cologne.]

Defn: Same as Cologne.

EAU DE VIE Eau` de vie". Etym: [F., water of life; eau (L. aqua) water + de of + vie (L. vita) life.]

Defn: French name for brandy. Cf. Aqua vitæ, under Aqua. Bescherelle.

EAU FORTE Eau` forte" (o` fort"). [F., strong water, nitric acid (which is used in etching plates).] (Art)

Defn: An etching or a print from an etched plate.

EAVEDROP Eave"drop`, n.

Defn: A drop from the eaves; eavesdrop. [R.] Tennyson.

EAVES Eaves, n. pl. Etym: [OE. evese, pl. eveses, AS. efese eaves, brim, brink; akin to OHG. obisa, opasa, porch, hall, MHG. obse eaves, Icel. ups, Goth. ubizwa porch; cf. Icel. upsar-dropi, OSw. opsä-drup water dropping from the eaves. Probably from the root of E. over. The s of eaves is in English regarded as a plural ending, though not so in Saxon. See Over, and cf. Eavesdrop.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: The edges or lower borders of the roof of a building, which overhang the walls, and cast off the water that falls on the roof.

2. Brow; ridge. [Obs.] "Eaves of the hill." Wyclif.

3. Eyelids or eyelashes. And closing eaves of wearied eyes. Tennyson. Eaves board (Arch.), an arris fillet, or a thick board with a feather edge, nailed across the rafters at the eaves of a building, to raise the lower course of slates a little, or to receive the lowest course of tiles; -- called also eaves catch and eaves lath. -- Eaves channel, Eaves gutter, Eaves trough. Same as Gutter,

1. -- Eaves molding (Arch.), a molding immediately below the eaves,

## acting as a cornice or part of a cornice.

-- Eaves swallow (Zoöl.). (a) The cliff swallow; -- so called from its habit of building retort-shaped nests of mud under the eaves of buildings. See Cliff swallow, under Cliff. (b) The European swallow.

EAVESDROP Eaves"drop`, v. i. Etym: [Eaves + drop.]

Defn: To stand under the eaves, near a window or at the door, of a house, to listen and learn what is said within doors; hence, to listen secretly to what is said in private. To eavesdrop in disguises. Milton.

EAVESDROP Eaves"drop`, n.

Defn: The water which falls in drops from the eaves of a house.

EAVESDROPPER Eaves"drop`per, n.

Defn: One who stands under the eaves, or near the window or door of a house, to listen; hence, a secret listener.

EAVESDROPPING Eaves"drop`ping, n. (Law)

Defn: The habit of lurking about dwelling houses, and other places where persons meet fro private intercourse, secretly listening to what is said, and then tattling it abroad. The offense is indictable at common law. Wharton.

EBB Ebb, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European bunting.

EBB Ebb, n. Etym: [AS. ebba; akin to Fries. ebba, D. eb, ebbe, Dan. & G. ebbe, Sw. ebb, cf. Goth. ibuks backward; prob. akin to E. even.]

1. The reflux or flowing back of the tide; the return of the tidal wave toward the sea; -- opposed to flood; as, the boats will go out on the ebb. Thou shoreless flood which in thy ebb and flow Claspest the limits of morality! Shelley.

2. The state or time of passing away; a falling from a better to a worse state; low state or condition; decline; decay. "Our ebb of life." Roscommon. Painting was then at its lowest ebb. Dryden. Ebb and flow, the alternate ebb and flood of the tide; often used figuratively. This alternation between unhealthy activity and depression, this ebb and flow of the industrial. A. T. Hadley.

EBB Ebb, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Ebbed; p. pr. & vb. n. Ebbing.] Etym: [AS. ebbian; akin to D. & G. ebben, Dan. ebbe. See 2d Ebb.]

1. To flow back; to return, as the water of a tide toward the ocean; -- opposed to flow. That Power who bids the ocean ebb and flow. Pope.

2. To return or fall back from a better to a worse state; to decline; to decay; to recede. The hours of life ebb fast. Blackmore.

Syn. -- To recede; retire; withdraw; decay; decrease; wane; sink; lower.

EBB Ebb, v. t.

Defn: To cause to flow back. [Obs.] Ford.

EBB Ebb, a.

Defn: Receding; going out; falling; shallow; low. The water there is otherwise very low and ebb. Holland.

EBB TIDE Ebb" tide`.

Defn: The reflux of tide water; the retiring tide; -- opposed to flood tide.

EBIONITE E"bi*o*nite, n. Etym: [Heb. ebyonim poor people.] (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect of heretics, in the first centuries of the church, whose doctrine was a mixture of Judaism and Christianity. They denied the divinity of Christ, regarding him as an inspired messenger, and rejected much of the New Testament.

EBIONITISM E"bi*o*ni`tism, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: The system or doctrine of the Ebionites.

EBLANIN Eb"la*nin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Pyroxanthin.

EBLIS Eb"lis, n. Etym: [Ar. iblis.] (Moham. Myth.)

Defn: The prince of the evil spirits; Satan. [Written also Eblees.]

EBON Eb"on, a.

1. Consisting of ebony.

2. Like ebony, especially in color; black; dark. Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne. Young.

EBON Eb"on, n.

Defn: Ebony. [Poetic] "Framed of ebon and ivory." Sir W. Scott.

EBONIST Eb"on*ist, n.

Defn: One who works in ebony.

EBONITE Eb"on*ite, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A hard, black variety of vulcanite. It may be cut and polished, and is used for many small articles, as combs and buttons, and for insulating material in electric apparatus.

EBONIZE Eb"on*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ebonized; p. pr. & vb. n. Ebonizing.]

Defn: To make black, or stain black, in imitation of ebony; as, to ebonize wood.

EBONY Eb"on*y, n.; pl. Ebonies. Etym: [F. ébène, L. ebenus, fr. Gr. hobnim, pl. Cf. Ebon.]

Defn: A hard, heavy, and durable wood, which admits of a fine polish or gloss. The usual color is black, but it also occurs red or green.

Note: The finest black ebony is the heartwood of Diospyros reticulata, of the Mauritius. Other species of the same genus (D. Ebenum, Melanoxylon, etc.), furnish the ebony of the East Indies and Ceylon. The West Indian green ebony is from a leguminous tree (Brya Ebenus), and from the Excæcaria glandulosa.

EBONY Eb"on*y, a.

Defn: Made of ebony, or resembling ebony; black; as, an ebony countenance. This ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling. Poe.

EBRACTEATE E*brac"te*ate, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + bracteate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Without bracts.

EBRACTEOLATE E*brac"te*o*late, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + bracteolate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Without bracteoles, or little bracts; -- said of a pedicel or flower stalk.

EBRAUKE E*brau"ke, a. Etym: [L. Hebraicus: cf. F. Hébraïque.]

Defn: Hebrew. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EBRIETY E*bri"e*ty, n.; pl. Ebrieties. Etym: [L. ebrietas, from. ebrius intoxicated: cf. F. ébriéte. Cf. So.]

Defn: Drunkenness; intoxication by spirituous liquors; inebriety. "Ruinous ebriety." Cowper.

EBRILLADE E*bril"lade, n. Etym: [F.] (Man.)

Defn: A bridle check; a jerk of one rein, given to a horse when he refuses to turn.

EBRIOSITY E`bri*os"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. ebriositas, from ebriousus given to drinking, fr. ebrius. See Ebriety.]

Defn: Addiction to drink; habitual drunkenness.

EBRIOUS E"bri*ous, a. Etym: [L. ebrius.]

Defn: Inclined to drink to excess; intoxicated; tipsy. [R.] M. Collins.

EBULLIATE E*bul"li*ate, v. i.

Defn: To boil or bubble up. [Obs.] Prynne.

EBULLIENCE; EBULLIENCY E*bul"lience, E*bul"lien*cy, n.

Defn: A boiling up or over; effervescence. Cudworth.

EBULLIENT E*bul"lient, a. Etym: [L. ebulliens, -entis, p. pr. of ebullire to boil up, bubble up; e out, from + bullire to boil. See 1st Boil.]

Defn: Boiling up or over; hence, manifesting exhilaration or excitement, as of feeling; effervescing. "Ebullient with subtlety." De Quincey. The ebullient enthusiasm of the French. Carlyle.

EBULLIOSCOPE E*bul"li*o*scope, n. Etym: [L. ebullire to boil up + -scope.] (Phys. Chem.)

Defn: An instrument for observing the boiling point of liquids, especially for determining the alcoholic strength of a mixture by the temperature at which it boils.

EBULLITION Eb`ul*li"tion, n. Etym: [F. ébullition, L. ebullitio, fr. ebullire. See Ebullient.]

1. A boiling or bubbling up of a liquid; the motion produced in a liquid by its rapid conversion into vapor.

2. Effervescence occasioned by fermentation or by any other process which causes the liberation of a gas or an aëriform fluid, as in the mixture of an acid with a carbonated alkali. [Formerly written bullition.]

3. A sudden burst or violent display; an outburst; as, an ebullition of anger or ill temper.

EBURIN Eb"ur*in, n.

Defn: A composition of dust of ivory or of bone with a cement; -- used for imitations of valuable stones and in making moldings, seals, etc. Knight.

EBURNATION E`bur*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. eburnus of ivory, fr. ebur ivory: cf. F. éburnation. See Ivory.] (Med.)

Defn: A condition of bone cartilage occurring in certain diseases of these tissues, in which they acquire an unnatural density, and come to resemble ivory.

EBURNEAN E*bur"ne*an, a. Etym: [L. eburneus, fr. ebur ivory. See Ivory.]

Defn: Made of or relating to ivory.

EBURNIFICATION E*bur`ni*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. eburnus of ivory (fr. ebur ivory) + facere to make.]

Defn: The conversion of certain substances into others which have the appearance or characteristics of ivory.

EBURNINE Eb"ur*nine, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to ivory. "[She] read from tablet eburnine." Sir W. Scott.

ECARDINES E*car"di*nes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. e out, without + cardo a hinge.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Brachiopoda; the Lyopomata. See Brachiopoda.

ECARTE É`car`té", n. Etym: [F., prop. fr. écarter to reject, discard.]

Defn: A game at cards, played usually by two persons, in which the players may discard any or all of the cards dealt and receive others from the pack.

ECAUDATE E*cau"date, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + caudate.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Without a tail or spur.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Tailless.

ECBALLIUM Ec*bal"li*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Ecbole.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of cucurbitaceous plants consisting of the single species Ecballium agreste (or Elaterium), the squirting cucumber. Its fruit, when ripe, bursts and violently ejects its seeds, together with a mucilaginous juice, from which elaterium, a powerful cathartic medicine, is prepared.

ECBASIS Ec"ba*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure in which the orator treats of things according to their events consequences.

ECBATIC Ec*bat"ic, a. Etym: [See Ecbasis.] (Gram.)

Defn: Denoting a mere result or consequence, as distinguished from telic, which denotes intention or purpose; thus the phrase so that it was fulfilled," is ecbatic; if rendered "in order that it might be." etc., is telic.

ECBOLE Ec"bo*le, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A digression in which a person is introduced speaking his own words.

ECBOLIC Ec*bol"ic, n. Etym: [See Ecbole.] (Med.)

Defn: A drug, as ergot, which by exciting uterine contractions promotes the expulsion of the contents of the uterus.

ECBOLINE Ec"bo*line (; 104), n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: An alkaloid constituting the active principle of ergot; -- so named from its power of producing abortion.

ECCALEOBION Ec`ca*le*o"bi*on, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A contrivance for hatching eggs by artificial heat.

ECCE HOMO Ec"ce ho"mo. Etym: [L., behold the man. See John xix. 5.] (Paint.)

Defn: A picture which represents the Savior as given up to the people by Pilate, and wearing a crown of thorns.

ECCENTRIC Ec*cen"tric, a. Etym: [F. excentrique, formerly also spelled eccentrique, fr. LL. eccentros out of the center, eccentric, Gr. Ex-, and Center, and cf. Excentral.]

1. Deviating or departing from the center, or from the line of a circle; as, an eccentric or elliptical orbit; pertaining to deviation from the center or from true circular motion.

2. Not having the same center; -- said of circles, ellipses, spheres, etc., which, though coinciding, either in whole or in part, as to area or volume, have not the same center; -- opposed to concentric.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: Pertaining to an eccentric; as, the eccentric rod in a steam engine.

4. Not coincident as to motive or end. His own ends, which must needs be often eccentric to those of his master. Bacon.

5. Deviating from stated methods, usual practice, or established forms or laws; deviating from an appointed sphere or way; departing from the usual course; irregular; anomalous; odd; as, eccentric conduct. "This brave and eccentric young man." Macaulay. He shines eccentric, like a comet's blaze. Savage. Eccentric anomaly. (Astron.) See Anomaly. -- Eccentric chuck (Mach.), a lathe chuck so constructed that the work held by it may be altered as to its center of motion, so as to produce combinations of eccentric combinations of eccentric circles. -- Eccentric gear. (Mach.) (a) The whole apparatus, strap, and other parts, by which the motion of an eccentric is transmitted, as in the steam engine. (b) A cogwheel set to turn about an eccentric axis used to give variable rotation. -- Eccentric hook or gab, a hook-shaped journal box on the end of an eccentric rod, opposite the strap. -- Eccentric rod, the rod that connects as eccentric strap with any part to be acted upon by the eccentric. -- Eccentric sheave, or Eccentric pulley, an eccentric. -- Eccentric strap, the ring, operating as a journal box, that encircles and receives motion from an eccentric; -- called also eccentric hoop.

Syn. -- Irregular; anomalous; singular; odd; peculiar; erratic; idiosyncratic; strange; whimsical.

ECCENTRIC Ec*cen"tric, n.

1. A circle not having the same center as another contained in some measure within the first.

2. One who, or that which, deviates from regularity; an anomalous or irregular person or thing.

3. (Astron.) (a) In the Ptolemaic system, the supposed circular orbit of a planet about the earth, but with the earth not in its center. (b) A circle described about the center of an elliptical orbit, with half the major axis for radius. Hutton.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: A disk or wheel so arranged upon a shaft that the center of the wheel and that of the shaft do not coincide. It is used for operating valves in steam engines, and for other purposes. The motion derived is precisely that of a crank having the same throw. Back eccentric, the eccentric that reverses or backs the valve gear and the engine. -- Fore eccentric, the eccentric that imparts a forward motion to the valve gear and the engine.

ECCENTRICAL Ec*cen"tric*al, a.

Defn: See Eccentric.

ECCENTRICALLY Ec*cen"tric*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an eccentric manner. Drove eccentrically here and there. Lew Wallace.

ECCENTRICITY Ec`cen*tric"i*ty, n.; pl. Eccentricities. Etym: [Cf. F. excentricité.]

1. The state of being eccentric; deviation from the customary line of conduct; oddity.

2. (Math.)

Defn: The ratio of the distance between the center and the focus of an ellipse or hyperbola to its semi-transverse axis.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: The ratio of the distance of the center of the orbit of a heavenly body from the center of the body round which it revolves to the semi-transverse axis of the orbit.

4. (Mech.)

Defn: The distance of the center of figure of a body, as of an eccentric, from an axis about which it turns; the throw.

ECCHYMOSE Ec"chy*mose, v. t. (Med.)

Defn: To discolor by the production of an ecchymosis, or effusion of blood, beneath the skin; -- chiefly used in the passive form; as, the parts were much ecchymosed.

ECCHYMOSIS Ec`chy*mo"sis, n.; pl. Ecchymoses (. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A livid or black and blue spot, produced by the extravasation or effusion of blood into the areolar tissue from a contusion.

ECCHYMOTIC Ec`chy*mot"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to ecchymosis.

ECCLE Ec"cle, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European green woodpecker; -- also called ecall, eaquall, yaffle. [Prov. Eng.]

ECCLESIA Ec*cle"si*a, n.; pl. Ecclesiæ (. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: The public legislative assembly of the Athenians.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: A church, either as a body or as a building.

ECCLESIAL Ec*cle"si*al, a.

Defn: Ecclesiastical. [Obs.] Milton.

ECCLESIARCH Ec*cle"si*arch, n. Etym: [LL. ecclesiarcha, fr. Gr. ecclésiarque.]

Defn: An official of the Eastern Church, resembling a sacrist in the Western Church.

ECCLESIAST Ec*cle"si*ast, n.

1. An ecclesiastic. Chaucer.

2. The Apocryphal book of Ecclesiasticus. [Obs.]

ECCLESIASTES Ec*cle`si*as"tes, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Ecclesiastic, a.]

Defn: One of the canonical books of the Old Testament.

ECCLESIASTIC Ec*cle`si*as"tic, a. Etym: [L. ecclesiasticus, Gr. Ex-, and Hale, v. t., Haul.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the church. See Ecclesiastical. "Ecclesiastic government." Swift.

ECCLESIASTIC Ec*cle`si*as"tic, n.

Defn: A person in holy orders, or consecrated to the service of the church and the ministry of religion; a clergyman; a priest. From a humble ecclesiastic, he was subsequently preferred to the highest dignities of the church. Prescott.

ECCLESIASTICAL Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al, a. Etym: [See Ecclesiastical, a.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the church; relating to the organization or government of the church; not secular; as, ecclesiastical affairs or history; ecclesiastical courts. Every circumstance of ecclesiastical order and discipline was an abomination. Cowper. Ecclesiastical commissioners for England, a permanent commission established by Parliament in 1836, to consider and report upon the affairs of the Established Church. -- Ecclesiastical courts, courts for maintaining the discipline of the Established Church; -- called also Christian courts. [Eng.] -- Ecclesiastical law, a combination of civil and canon law as administered in ecclesiastical courts. [Eng.] -- Ecclesiastical modes (Mus.), the church modes, or the scales anciently used. -- Ecclesiastical States, the territory formerly subject to the Pope of Rome as its temporal ruler; -- called also States of the Church.

ECCLESIASTICALLY Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an ecclesiastical manner; according ecclesiastical rules.

ECCLESIASTICISM Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cism, n.

Defn: Strong attachment to ecclesiastical usages, forms, etc.

ECCLESIASTICUS Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A book of the Apocrypha.

ECCLESIOLOGICAL Ec*cle`si*o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Belonging to ecclesiology.

ECCLESIOLOGIST Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One versed in ecclesiology.

ECCLESIOLOGY Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Ecclesia + -logy.]

Defn: The science or theory of church building and decoration.

ECCRITIC Ec*crit"ic, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A remedy which promotes discharges, as an emetic, or a cathartic.

ECDERON Ec"der*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See Ecteron. -- Ec`der*on"ic, a.

ECDYSIS Ec"dy*sis, n.; pl. Ecdyses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`kdysis a getting out, fr. 'ekdy`ein, to put off; 'ek out + dy`ein to enter.] (Biol.)

Defn: The act of shedding, or casting off, an outer cuticular layer, as in the case of serpents, lobsters, etc.; a coming out; as, the ecdysis of the pupa from its shell; exuviation.

ECGONINE Ec"go*nine (; 104), n. Etym: [Gr. 'e`kgonos sprung from.] (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the decomposition of cocaine.

ECHAUGUETTE (), n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A small chamber or place of protection for a sentinel, usually in the form of a projecting turret, or the like. See Castle.

ECHE Ech"e, a. or a. pron.

Defn: Each. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ECHELON Ech"e*lon, n. Etym: [F., fr. échelle ladder, fr. L. scala.]

1. (Mil.)

Defn: An arrangement of a body of troops when its divisions are drawn up in parallel lines each to the right or the left of the one in advance of it, like the steps of a ladder in position for climbing. Also used adjectively; as, echelon distance. Upton (Tactics).

2. (Naval)

Defn: An arrangement of a fleet in a wedge or Encyc. Dict. Echelon lens (Optics), a large lens constructed in several parts or layers, extending in a succession of annular rings beyond the central lens; - - used in lighthouses.

ECHELON Ech"e*lon, v. t. (Mil.)

Defn: To place in echelon; to station divisions of troops in echelon.

ECHELON Ech"e*lon, v. i.

Defn: To take position in echelon. Change direction to the left, echelon by battalion from the right. Upton (Tactics).

ECHIDNA E*chid"na, n. Etym: [L., a viper, adder, Gr.

1. (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A monster, half maid and half serpent.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of Monotremata found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. They are toothless and covered with spines; -- called also porcupine ant-eater, and Australian ant-eater.

ECHIDNINE E*chid"nine (; 104), n. Etym: [See Echidna.] (Chem.)

Defn: The clear, viscid fluid secreted by the poison glands of certain serpents; also, a nitrogenous base contained in this, and supposed to be the active poisonous principle of the virus. Brande & C.

ECHINATE; ECHINATED Ech"i*nate, Ech"i*na`ted, a. Etym: [L. echinatus. See Echinus.]

Defn: Set with prickles; prickly, like a hedgehog; bristled; as, an echinated pericarp.

ECHINID E*chi"nid, a. & n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Echinoid.

ECHINIDAN E*chin"i*dan, n. Etym: [Cf. F. échinide.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One the Echinoidea.

ECHINITAL E*chin"i*tal, a.

Defn: Of, or like, an echinite.

ECHINITE Ech"i*nite, n. Etym: [Cf. F. échinite. See Echinus.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil echinoid.

ECHINOCOCCUS E*chi`no*coc"cus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A parasite of man and of many domestic and wild animals, forming compound cysts or tumors (called hydatid cysts) in various organs, but especially in the liver and lungs, which often cause death. It is the larval stage of the Tænia echinococcus, a small tapeworm peculiar to the dog.

ECHINODERM E*chin"o*derm`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Echinodermata.

ECHINODERMAL E*chi`no*der"mal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating or belonging to the echinoderms.

ECHINODERMATA E*chi`no*der"ma*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the grand divisions of the animal kingdom. By many writers it was formerly included in the Radiata. [Written also Echinoderma.]

Note: The species usually have an exterior calcareous skeleton, or shell, made of many pieces, and often covered with spines, to which the name. They may be star-shaped, cylindrical, disk-shaped, or more or less spherical. The body consists of several similar parts (spheromeres) repeated symmetrically around a central axis, at one end of which the mouth is situated. They generally have suckers for locomotion. The group includes the following classes: Crinoidea, Asterioidea, Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, and Holothurioidea. See these words in the Vocabulary, and also Ambulacrum.

ECHINODERMATOUS E*chi`no*der"ma*tous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating to Echinodermata; echinodermal.

ECHINOID E*chi"noid, a. Etym: [Echinus + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Echinoidea. -- n.

Defn: One of the Echinoidea.

ECHINOIDEA Ech`i*noi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Echinus, and -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The class Echinodermata which includes the sea urchins. They have a calcareous, usually more or less spheroidal or disk-shaped, composed of many united plates, and covered with movable spines. See Spatangoid, Clypeastroid. [Written also Echinidea, and Echinoida.]

ECHINOZOA E*chi`no*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Echinodermata.

ECHINULATE E*chin"u*late, a. (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Set with small spines or prickles.

ECHINUS E*chi"nus, n.; pl. Echini. Etym: [L., a hedgehog, sea urchin, Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A hedgehog.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of echinoderms, including the common edible sea urchin of Europe.

3. (Arch.) (a) The rounded molding forming the bell of the capital of the Grecian Doric style, which is of a peculiar elastic curve. See Entablature. (b) The quarter-round molding (ovolo) of the Roman Doric style. See Illust. of Column (c) A name sometimes given to the egg and anchor or egg and dart molding, because that ornament is often identified with Roman Doric capital. The name probably alludes to the shape of the shell of the sea urchin.

ECHIUROIDEA Ech`i*u*roi"de*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. echiurus, the name of one genus (Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A division of Annelida which includes the genus Echiurus and allies. They are often classed among the Gephyrea, and called the armed Gephyreans.

ECHO Ech"o, n.; pl. Echoes. Etym: [L. echo, Gr. va to sound, bellow; perh. akin to E. voice: cf. F. écho.]

1. A sound reflected from an opposing surface and repeated to the ear of a listener; repercussion of sound; repetition of a sound. The babbling echo mocks the hounds. Shak. The woods shall answer, and the echo ring. Pope.

2. Fig.: Sympathetic recognition; response; answer. Fame is the echo of actions, resounding them. Fuller. Many kind, and sincere speeches found an echo in his heart. R. L. Stevenson.

3. (a) (Myth. & Poetic) A wood or mountain nymph, regarded as repeating, and causing the reverberation of them. Sweet Echo, sweetest nymph, that liv'st unseen Within thy airy shell. Milton. (b) (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: A nymph, the daughter of Air and Earth, who, for love of Narcissus, pined away until nothing was left of her but her voice. Compelled me to awake the courteous Echo To give me answer from her mossy couch. Milton. Echo organ (Mus.), a set organ pipes inclosed in a box so as to produce a soft, distant effect; -- generally superseded by the swell. -- Echo stop (Mus.), a stop upon a harpsichord contrived for producing the soft effect of distant sound. -- To applaud to the echo, to give loud and continuous applause. M. Arnold. I would applaud thee to the very echo, That should applaud again. Shak.

ECHO Ech"o, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Echoed; p. pr. & vb. n. Echoing. -- 3d pers. sing. pres. Echoes (.]

1. To send back (a sound); to repeat in sound; to reverberate. Those peals are echoed by the Trojan throng. Dryden. The wondrous sound Is echoed on forever. Keble.

2. To repeat with assent; to respond; to adopt. They would have echoed the praises of the men whom they Macaulay.

ECHO Ech"o, v. i.

Defn: To give an echo; to resound; to be sounded back; as, the hall echoed with acclamations. "Echoing noise." Blackmore.

ECHOER Ech"o*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, echoes.

ECHOLESS Ech"o*less, a.

Defn: Without echo or response.

ECHOMETER E*chom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. échomètre.] (Mus)

Defn: A graduated scale for measuring the duration of sounds, and determining their different, and the relation of their intervals. J. J. Rousseau.

ECHOMETRY E*chom"e*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. échométrie.]

1. The art of measuring the duration of sounds or echoes.

2. The art of constructing vaults to produce echoes.

ECHON; ECHOON Ech*on", Ech*oon", pron.

Defn: Each one. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ECHOPATHY E*chop"a*thy, n. [Echo + -pathy, as in homeopathy.] (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition characterized by automatic and purposeless repetition of words or imitation of actions.

ECHOSCOPE Ech"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Med.)

Defn: An instrument for intensifying sounds produced by percussion of the thorax. Knight.

ECLAIR e`clair", n. Etym: [F.] (Cookery)

Defn: A kind of frosted cake, containing flavored cream.

ECLAIRCISE E*clair"cise, v. t. Etym: [F. éclaircir; pref. es- (L. ex) + clair clear, L. clarus.]

Defn: To make clear; to clear up what is obscure or not understood; to explain.

ECLAIRCISSEMENT E*clair"cisse*ment, n. Etym: [F., fr. éclaircir. See Eclaircise, v. t.]

Defn: The clearing up of anything which is obscure or not easily understood; an explanation. The eclaircissement ended in the discovery of the informer. Clarendon.

ECLAMPSIA Ec*lamp"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A fancied perception of flashes of light, a symptom of epilepsy; hence, epilepsy itself; convulsions.

Note: The term is generally restricted to a convulsive affection attending pregnancy and parturition, and to infantile convulsions.

ECLAMPSY Ec*lamp"sy, n. (Med.)

Defn: Same as Eclampsia.

ECLAT E*clat", n. Etym: [F. éclat a fragment, splinter, explosion, brilliancy, splendor, fr. éclater to splinter, burst, explode, shine brilliantly, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG. sleizan to slit, split, fr. slizan, G. schleissen; akin to E. slit.]

1. Brilliancy of success or effort; splendor; brilliant show; striking effect; glory; renown. "The eclat of Homer's battles." Pope.

2. Demonstration of admiration and approbation; applause. Prescott.

ECLECTIC Ec*lec"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. éclectique. See Eclogue, and cf. Elect.]

1. Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent in doctrines, opinions, etc.) from various sources or systems; as, an eclectic philosopher.

2. Consisting, or made up, of what is chosen or selected; as, an eclectic method; an eclectic magazine. Eclectic physician, one of a class of practitioners of medicine, who select their modes of practice and medicines from all schools; formerly, sometimes the same as botanic physician. [U.S.] -- Eclectic school. (Paint.) See Bolognese school, under Bolognese.

ECLECTIC Ec*lec"tic, n.

Defn: One who follows an eclectic method.

ECLECTICALLY Ec*lec"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an eclectic manner; by an eclectic method.

ECLECTICISM Ec*lec"ti*cism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. éclecticisme. Cf. Electicism.]

Defn: Theory or practice of an eclectic.

ECLEGM Ec*legm", n. Etym: [F. éclegme, L. ecligma, fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine made by mixing oils with sirups. John Quincy.

ECLIPSE E*clipse", n. Etym: [F. éclipse, L. eclipsis, fr. Gr. Ex-, and Loan.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: An interception or obscuration of the light of the sun, moon, or other luminous body, by the intervention of some other body, either between it and the eye, or between the luminous body and that illuminated by it. A lunar eclipse is caused by the moon passing through the earth's shadow; a solar eclipse, by the moon coming between the sun and the observer. A satellite is eclipsed by entering the shadow of its primary. The obscuration of a planet or star by the moon or a planet, though of the nature of an eclipse, is called an occultation. The eclipse of a small portion of the sun by Mercury or Venus is called a transit of the planet.

Note: In ancient times, eclipses were, and among unenlightened people they still are, superstitiously regarded as forerunners of evil fortune, a sentiment of which occasional use is made in literature. That fatal and perfidious bark, Built in the eclipse, and rigged with curses dark. Milton.

2. The loss, usually temporary or partial, of light, brilliancy, luster, honor, consciousness, etc.; obscuration; gloom; darkness. All the posterity of our fist parents suffered a perpetual eclipse of spiritual life. Sir W. Raleigh. As in the soft and sweet eclipse, When soul meets soul on lovers' lips. Shelley. Annular eclipse. (Astron.) See under Annular. -- Cycle of eclipses. See under Cycle.

ECLIPSE E*clipse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eclipsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Eclipsing.]

1. To cause the obscuration of; to darken or hide; -- said of a heavenly body; as, the moon eclipses the sun.

2. To obscure, darken, or extinguish the beauty, luster, honor, etc., of; to sully; to cloud; to throw into the shade by surpassing. "His eclipsed state." Dryden. My joy of liberty is half eclipsed. Shak.

ECLIPSE E*clipse", v. i.

Defn: To suffer an eclipse. While the laboring moon Eclipses at their charms. Milton.

ECLIPTIC E*clip"tic, n. Etym: [Cf. F. écliptique, L. linea ecliptica, Gr. Ecliptic, a.]

1. (Astron.)

Defn: A great circle of the celestial sphere, making an angle with the equinoctial of about 23º 28'. It is the apparent path of the sun, or the real path of the earth as seen from the sun.

2. (Geog.)

Defn: A great circle drawn on a terrestrial globe, making an angle of 23º 28' with the equator; -- used for illustrating and solving astronomical problems.

ECLIPTIC E*clip"tic, a. Etym: [L. eclipticus belonging to an eclipse, Gr. Eclipse.]

1. Pertaining to the ecliptic; as, the ecliptic way.

2. Pertaining to an eclipse or to eclipses. Lunar ecliptic limit (Astron.), the space of 12º on the moon's orbit from the node, within which, if the moon happens to be at full, it will be eclipsed. -- Solar ecliptic limit, the space of 17º from the lunar node, within which, if a conjunction of the sun and moon occur, the sun will be eclipsed.

ECLOGITE Ec"lo*gite, n. Etym: [See Ecloque.] (Min.)

Defn: A rock consisting of granular red garnet, light green smaragdite, and common hornblende; -- so called in reference to its beauty.

ECLOGUE Ec"logue, n. Etym: [L. ecloga, Gr. égloque, écloque. See Ex-, and Legend.]

Defn: A pastoral poem, in which shepherds are introduced conversing with each other; a bucolic; an idyl; as, the Ecloques of Virgil, from which the modern usage of the word has been established.

ECONOMIC; ECONOMICAL E`co*nom"ic, E`co*nom"ic*al, a. Etym: [F. économique, L. oeconomicus orderly, methodical, Gr. Economy.]

1. Pertaining to the household; domestic. "In this economical misfortune [of ill-assorted matrimony.]" Milton.

2. Relating to domestic economy, or to the management of household affairs. And doth employ her economic art And busy care, her household to preserve. Sir J. Davies.

3. Managing with frugality; guarding against waste or unnecessary expense; careful and frugal in management and in expenditure; -- said of character or habits. Just rich enough, with economic care, To save a pittance. Harte.

4. Managed with frugality; not marked with waste or extravagance; frugal; -- said of acts; saving; as, an economical use of money or of time.

5. Relating to the means of living, or the resources and wealth of a country; relating to political economy; as, economic purposes; economical truths. These matters economical and political. J. C. Shairp. There was no economical distress in England to prompt the enterprises of colonization. Palfrey. Economic questions, such as money, usury, taxes, lands, and the employment of the people. H. C. Baird.

6. Regulative; relating to the adaptation of means to an end. Grew.

Note: Economical is the usual form when meaning frugal, saving; economic is the form commonly used when meaning pertaining to the management of a household, or of public affairs.

ECONOMICALLY E`co*nom"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: With economy; with careful management; with prudence in expenditure.

ECONOMICS E`co*nom"ics, n. Etym: [Gr. Economic.]

1. The science of household affairs, or of domestic management.

2. Political economy; the science of the utilities or the useful application of wealth or material resources. See Political economy, under Political. "In politics and economics." V. Knox.

ECONOMIST E*con"o*mist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. économiste.]

1. One who economizes, or manages domestic or other concerns with frugality; one who expends money, time, or labor, judiciously, and without waste. "Economists even to parsimony." Burke.

2. One who is conversant with political economy; a student of economics.

ECONOMIZATION E*con`o*mi*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or practice of using to the best effect. [R.] H. Spenser.

ECONOMIZE E*con"o*mize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Economized; p. pr. & vb. n. Economizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. économiser.]

Defn: To manage with economy; to use with prudence; to expend with frugality; as, to economize one's income. [Written also economise.] Expenses in the city were to be economized. Jowett (Thucyd. ). Calculating how to economize time. W. Irving.

ECONOMIZE E*con"o*mize, v. i.

Defn: To be prudently sparing in expenditure; to be frugal and saving; as, to economize in order to grow rich. [Written also economise.] Milton.

ECONOMIZER E*con"o*mi`zer, n.

1. One who, or that which, economizes.

2. Specifically: (Steam Boilers) An arrangement of pipes for heating feed water by waste heat in the gases passing to the chimney.

ECONOMY E*con"o*my, n.; pl. Economies. Etym: [F. économie, L. oeconomia household management, fr. Gr. vicus village, E. vicinity) + Vicinity, Nomad.]

1. The management of domestic affairs; the regulation and government of household matters; especially as they concern expense or disbursement; as, a careful economy. Himself busy in charge of the household economies. Froude.

2. Orderly arrangement and management of the internal affairs of a state or of any establishment kept up by production and consumption; esp., such management as directly concerns wealth; as, political economy.

3. The system of rules and regulations by which anything is managed; orderly system of regulating the distribution and uses of parts, conceived as the result of wise and economical adaptation in the author, whether human or divine; as, the animal or vegetable economy; the economy of a poem; the Jewish economy. The position which they [the verb and adjective] hold in the general economy of language. Earle. In the Greek poets, as also in Plautus, we shall see the economy . . . of poems better observed than in Terence. B. Jonson. The Jews already had a Sabbath, which, as citizens and subjects of that economy, they were obliged to keep. Paley.

4. Thrifty and frugal housekeeping; management without loss or waste; frugality in expenditure; prudence and disposition to save; as, a housekeeper accustomed to economy but not to parsimony. Political economy. See under Political.

Syn. -- Economy, Frugality, Parsimony. Economy avoids all waste and extravagance, and applies money to the best advantage; frugality cuts off indulgences, and proceeds on a system of saving. The latter conveys the idea of not using or spending superfluously, and is opposed to lavishness or profusion. Frugality is usually applied to matters of consumption, and commonly points to simplicity of manners; parsimony is frugality carried to an extreme, involving meanness of spirit, and a sordid mode of living. Economy is a virtue, and parsimony a vice.

I have no other notion of economy than that it is the parent to liberty and ease. Swift. The father was more given to frugality, and the son to riotousness [luxuriousness]. Golding.

ECORCHE (), n. Etym: [F.] (Fine Arts)

Defn: A manikin, or image, representing an animal, especially man, with the skin removed so that the muscles are exposed for purposes of study.

ECOSSAISE e`cos`saise", n. Etym: [F.] (Mus.)

Defn: A dancing tune in the Scotch style.

ECOSTATE E*cos"tate, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + costate.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having no ribs or nerves; -- said of a leaf.

ECOUTE e`coute", n. Etym: [F., a listening place.] (Mil.)

Defn: One of the small galleries run out in front of the glacis. They serve to annoy the enemy's miners.

ECPHASIS Ec"pha*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: An explicit declaration.

ECPHONEMA Ec`pho*ne"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A breaking out with some interjectional particle.

ECPHONEME Ec"pho*neme, n. Etym: [See Ecphonema.]

Defn: A mark (!) used to indicate an exclamation. G. Brown.

ECPHONESIS Ec`pho*ne"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Ecphonema.] (Rhet.)

Defn: An animated or passionate exclamation. The feelings by the ecphonesis are very various. Gibbs.

ECPHRACTIC Ec*phrac"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. ecphractique.] (Med.)

Defn: Serving to dissolve or attenuate viscid matter, and so to remove obstructions; deobstruent. -- n.

Defn: An ecphractic medicine. Harvey.

ECRASEMENT e`crase`ment", n. Etym: [F.] (Surg.)

Defn: The operation performed with an écraseur.

ECRASEUR e`cra`seur", n. Etym: [F., fr. écraser to crush.] (Surg.)

Defn: An instrument intended to replace the knife in many operations, the parts operated on being severed by the crushing effect produced by the gradual tightening of a steel chain, so that hemorrhage rarely follows.

ECRU e`cru", a. Etym: [F., fr. L. crudus raw.]

Defn: Having the color or appearance of unbleached stuff, as silk, linen, or the like.

ECSTASY Ec"sta*sy, n.; pl. Ecstasies. Etym: [F. extase, L. ecstasis, fr. Gr. Ex-, and Stand.] [Also written extasy.]

1. The state of being beside one's self or rapt out of one's self; a state in which the mind is elevated above the reach of ordinary impressions, as when under the influence of overpowering emotion; an extraordinary elevation of the spirit, as when the soul, unconscious of sensible objects, is supposed to contemplate heavenly mysteries. Like a mad prophet in an ecstasy. Dryden. This is the very ecstasy of love. Shak.

2. Excessive and overmastering joy or enthusiasm; rapture; enthusiastic delight. He on the tender grass Would sit, and hearken even to ecstasy. Milton.

3. Violent distraction of mind; violent emotion; excessive grief of anxiety; insanity; madness. [Obs.] That unmatched form and feature of blown youth Blasted with ecstasy. Shak. Our words will but increase his ecstasy. Marlowe.

4. (Med.)

Defn: A state which consists in total suspension of sensibility, of voluntary motion, and largely of mental power. The body is erect and inflexible; the pulsation and breathing are not affected. Mayne.

ECSTASY Ec"sta*sy, v. t.

Defn: To fill ecstasy, or with rapture or enthusiasm. [Obs.] The most ecstasied order of holy . . . spirits. Jer. Taylor.

ECSTATIC Ec*stat"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. extatique. See Ecstasy, n.]

1. Pertaining to, or caused by, ecstasy or excessive emotion; of the nature, or in a state, of ecstasy; as, ecstatic gaze; ecstatic trance. This ecstatic fit of love and jealousy. Hammond.

2. Delightful beyond measure; rapturous; ravishing; as, ecstatic bliss or joy.

ECSTATIC Ec*stat"ic, n.

Defn: An enthusiast. [R.] Gauden.

ECSTATICAL Ec*stat"ic*al, a.

1. Ecstatic. Bp. Stillingfleet.

2. Tending to external objects. [R.] Norris.

ECSTATICALLY Ec*stat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: Rapturously; ravishingly.

ECT-; ECTO- Ect-, Ec"to-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form signifying without, outside, external.

ECTAD Ec"tad, adv. Etym: [Ect- + L. ad towards.] (Anat.)

Defn: Toward the outside or surface; -- opposed to entad. B. G. Wilder.

ECTAL Ec"tal, a. Etym: [See Ect-.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or situated near, the surface; outer; -- opposed to ental. B. G. Wilder.

ECTASIA Ec*ta"si*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Ectasis.] (Med.)

Defn: A dilatation of a hollow organ or of a canal.

ECTASIS Ec"ta*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: The lengthening of a syllable from short to long.

ECTENTAL Ec*ten"tal, a. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to, or connected with, the two primitive germ layers, the ectoderm and ectoderm; as, the "ectental line" or line of juncture of the two layers in the segmentation of the ovum. C. S. Minot.

ECTERON Ec"ter*on, n. Etym: [See Ect-.] (Anat.)

Defn: The external layer of the skin and mucous membranes; epithelium; ecderon. -- Ec`ter*on"ic, a.

ECTETHMOID Ec*teth"moid, a. Etym: [Ect- + ethmoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: External to the ethmoid; prefrontal.

ECTHLIPSIS Ec*thlip"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. The dropping out or suppression from a word of a consonant, with or without a vowel.

2. (Lat. Pros.)

Defn: The elision of a final m, with the preceding vowel, before a word beginning with a vowel.

ECTHOREUM Ec`tho*re"um, n.; pl. Ecthorea. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The slender, hollow thread of a nettling cell or cnida. See Nettling cell. [Written also ecthoræum.]

ECTHYMA Ec*thy"ma, n.; pl. Ecthymata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutaneous eruption, consisting of large, round pustules, upon an indurated and inflamed base. Dunglison.

ECTO- Ec"to-.

Defn: See Ect-.

ECTOBLAST Ec"to*blast, n. Etym: [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the blastoderm; the epiblast; the ectoderm. (b) The outer envelope of a cell; the cell wall. Agassiz.

ECTOBRONCHIUM Ec`to*bron"chi*um, n.; pl. Ectobronchia. Etym: [NL. See Ecto-, and Bronchia.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the dorsal branches of the main bronchi in the lungs of birds.

ECTOCUNERIFORM; ECTOCUNIFORM Ec`to*cu*ne"ri*form, Ec`to*cu"ni*form, n. Etym: [Ecto- + cuneiform, cuniform.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.

ECTOCYST Ec"to*cyst, n. Etym: [Ecto- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The outside covering of the Bryozoa.

ECTODERM Ec"to*derm, n. Etym: [Ecto- + -derm.] (Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the blastoderm; epiblast. (b) The external skin or outer layer of an animal or plant, this being formed in an animal from the epiblast. See Illust. of Blastoderm.

ECTODERMAL; ECTODERMIC Ec`to*der"mal, Ec`to*der"mic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or relating to the ectoderm.

ECTOLECITHAL Ec`to*lec"i*thal, a. Etym: [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Having the food yolk, at the commencement of segmentation, in a peripheral position, and the cleavage process confined to the center of the egg; as, ectolecithal ova.

ECTOMERE Ec"to*mere, n. Etym: [Ecto- + -mere.] (Biol.)

Defn: The more transparent cells, which finally become external, in many segmenting ova, as those of mammals.

ECTOPARASITE Ec`to*par"a*site, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any parasite which lives on the exterior of animals; -- opposed to endoparasite. -- Ec`to*par`a*sit"ic, a.

ECTOPIA Ec*to"pi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A morbid displacement of parts, especially such as is congenial; as, ectopia of the heart, or of the bladder.

ECTOPIC Ec*top"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an ectopic organ.

ECTOPLASM Ec"to*plasm, n. Etym: [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The outer transparent layer of protoplasm in a developing ovum. (b) The outer hyaline layer of protoplasm in a vegetable cell. (c) The ectosarc of protozoan.

ECTOPLASTIC Ec`to*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Ecto- + Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to, or composed of, ectoplasm.

ECTOPROCTA Ec`to*proc"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of Bryozoa in which the anus lies outside the circle of tentacles.

ECTOPY Ec"to*py, n. (Med.)

Defn: Same as Ectopia.

ECTORGANISM Ect*or"gan*ism, n. Etym: [Ect- + organism.] (Biol.)

Defn: An external parasitic organism.

ECTOSARC Ec"to*sarc, n. Etym: [Ecto- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The semisolid external layer of protoplasm in some unicellular organisms, as the amoeba; ectoplasm; exoplasm.

ECTOSTEAL Ec*tos"te*al, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to ectostosis; as, ectosteal ossification.

ECTOSTOSIS Ec`tos*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Ect-, and Ostosis.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A process of bone formation in which ossification takes place in the perichondrium and either surrounds or gradually replaces the cartilage.

ECTOZOIC Ec`to*zo"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Epizoic.

ECTOZOON; ECTOZOOEN Ec`to*zo"ön, n.; pl. Ectozoa. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Epizoön.

ECTROPION Ec*tro"pi*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An unnatural eversion of the eyelids.

ECTROPIUM Ec*tro"pi*um, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: Same as Ectropion.

ECTROTIC Ec*trot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Having a tendency to prevent the development of anything, especially of a disease.

ECTYPAL Ec"ty*pal, a. Etym: [L. ectypus worked in high relief, Gr. Type.]

Defn: Copied, reproduced as a molding or cast, in contradistinction from the original model.

ECTYPE Ec"type, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ectype. See Ectypal.]

1. (Classical Archæol.) (a) A copy, as in pottery, of an artist's original work. Hence: (b) A work sculptured in relief, as a cameo, or in bas-relief (in this sense used loosely).

2. A copy from an original; a type of something that has previously existed. Some regarded him [Klopstock] as an ectype of the ancient prophets. Eng. Cyc. .

ECTYPOGRAPHY Ec`ty*pog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Ectype + -graphy.]

Defn: A method of etching in which the design upon the plate is produced in relief.

ECUMENIC; ECUMENICAL Ec`u*men"ic, Ec`u*men"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. oecumenicus, Gr. Economy.]

Defn: General; universal; in ecclesiastical usage, that which concerns the whole church; as, an ecumenical council. [Written also .] Ecumenical Bishop, a title assumed by the popes. -- Ecumenical council. See under Council.

ECURIE Ec"u*rie, n. Etym: [F. See Equerry.]

Defn: A stable.

ECZEMA Ec"ze*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`kzema; "ek out + zei^n to boil.] (Med.)

Defn: An inflammatory disease of the skin, characterized by the presence of redness and itching, an eruption of small vesicles, and the discharge of a watery exudation, which often dries up, leaving the skin covered with crusts; -- called also tetter, milk crust, and salt rheum.

ECZEMATOUS Ec*zem"a*tous, a. (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to eczema; having the characteristic of eczema.

-ED -ed.

Defn: The termination of the past participle of regular, or weak, verbs; also, of analogous participial adjectives from nouns; as, pigmented; talented.

EDACIOUS E*da"cious, a. Etym: [L. edax, edacis, fr. edere to eat.]

Defn: Given to eating; voracious; devouring. Swallowed in the depths of edacious Time. Carlyle. -- E*da"cious*ly, adv. -- E*da"cious*ness, n.

EDACITY E*dac"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. edacitas.]

Defn: Greediness; voracity; ravenousness; rapacity. Bacon.

EDAM; EDAM CHEESE E"dam, n., or Edam cheese.

Defn: A Dutch pressed cheese of yellow color and fine flavor, made in balls weighing three or four pounds, and usually colored crimson outside; -- so called from the village of Edam, near Amsterdam. Also, cheese of the same type, wherever made.

EDDA Ed"da, n.; pl. Eddas. Etym: [Icel., lit. great-grandmother (i. e., of Scandinavian poetry), so called by Bishop Brynjúlf Sveinsson, who brought it again to light in 1643.]

Defn: The religious or mythological book of the old Scandinavian tribes of German origin, containing two collections of Sagas (legends, myths) of the old northern gods and heroes.

Note: There are two Eddas. The older, consisting of 39 poems, was reduced to writing from oral tradition in Iceland between 1050 and 1133. The younger or prose Edda, called also the Edda of Snorri, is the work of several writers, though usually ascribed to Snorri Sturleson, who was born in 1178.

EDDAIC; EDDIC Ed*da"ic, Ed"dic, a.

Defn: Relating to the Eddas; resembling the Eddas.

EDDER Ed"der, n. Etym: [See Adder.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An adder or serpent. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

EDDER Ed"der, n. Etym: [AS. edor hedge, fence; akin to etar.]

Defn: Flexible wood worked into the top of hedge stakes, to bind them together. [Obs.] Tusser.

EDDER Ed"der, v. t.

Defn: To bind the top interweaving edder; as, to edder a hedge. [Obs.]

EDDISH Ed"dish, n. Etym: [AS. edisc; cf. AS. pref. ed- again, anew. Cf. Eddy, and Arrish.]

Defn: Aftermath; also, stubble and stubble field. See Arrish. [Eng.]

EDDOES Ed"does, n. pl. (Bot.)

Defn: The tubers of Colocasia antiquorum. See Taro.

EDDY Ed"dy, n.; pl. Eddies. Etym: [Prob. fr. Icel. i; cf. Icel. pref. i back, AS. ed-, OS. idug-, OHG. ita-; Goth. id-.]

1. A current of air or water running back, or in a direction contrary to the main current.

2. A current of water or air moving in a circular direction; a whirlpool. And smiling eddies dimpled on the main. Dryden. Wheel through the air, in circling eddies play. Addison.

Note: Used also adjectively; as, eddy winds. Dryden.

EDDY Ed"dy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eddied; p. pr. & vb. n. Eddying.]

Defn: To move as an eddy, or as in an eddy; to move in a circle. Eddying round and round they sink. Wordsworth.

EDDY Ed"dy, v. t.

Defn: To collect as into an eddy. [R.] The circling mountains eddy in From the bare wild the dissipated storm. Thomson.

EDDY CURRENT Ed"dy cur"rent. (Elec.)

Defn: An induced electric current circulating wholly within a mass of metal; -- called also Foucault current.

EDDY KITE Ed"dy kite. Called also Malay kite. [After William A. Eddy, American kite expert.]

Defn: A quadrilateral, tailless kite, with convex surfaces exposed to the wind. This kite was extensively used by Eddy in his famous meteorological experiments. It is now generally superseded by the box kite.

EDELWEISS E"del*weiss, n. Etym: [G., fr. edel noble + weiss white.] (Bot.)

Defn: A little, perennial, white, woolly plant (Leontopodium alpinum), growing at high elevations in the Alps.

EDEMA E*de"ma, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: Same as oedema.

EDEMATOUS; EDEMATOSE E*de"ma*tous, or E*de"ma*tose`, a. (Med.)

Defn: Same as oedematous.

EDEN E"den, n. Etym: [Heb. eden delight, pleasure; also, a place of pleasure, Eden.]

Defn: The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a delightful region or residence.

EDENIC E*den"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Eden; paradisaic. "Edenic joys." Mrs. Browning.

EDENITE E"den*ite, n. Etym: [From Edenville, N. Y.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of amphibole. See Amphibole.

EDENIZED E"den*ized, a.

Defn: Admitted to a state of paradisaic happiness. [R.] Davies (Wit's Pilgr. ).

EDENTAL E*den"tal, a.

Defn: See Edentate, a. -- n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Edentata.

EDENTALOUS E*den"tal*ous, a.

Defn: See Edentate, a.

EDENTATA E`den*ta"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., neut. pl. from L. edentatus, p. p. of edentare to render toothless; e out + dens, dentis, tooth.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of mammals including the armadillos, sloths, and anteaters; -- called also Bruta. The incisor teeth are rarely developed, and in some groups all the teeth are lacking.

EDENTATE E*den"tate, a.

1. Destitute of teeth; as, an edentate quadruped; an edentate leaf.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Edentata.

EDENTATE E*den"tate, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Edentata.

EDENTATED E*den`ta*ted, a.

Defn: Same as Edentate, a.

EDENTATION E`den*ta"tion, n.

Defn: A depriving of teeth. [R.] Cockeram.

EDENTULOUS E*den"tu*lous, a. Etym: [L. edentulus; e out + dens, dentis, tooth.]

Defn: Toothless.

EDGE Edge, n. Etym: [OE. eg, egge, AS. ecg; akin to OHG. ekka, G. ecke, Icel. & Sw. egg, Dan. eg, and to L. acies, Gr. a edge. Egg, v. t., Eager, Ear spike of corn, Acute.]

1. The thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument; as, the edge of an ax, knife, sword, or scythe. Hence, figuratively, that which cuts as an edge does, or wounds deeply, etc. He which hath the sharp sword with two edges. Rev. ii. 12. Slander, Whose edge is sharper than the sword. Shak.

2. Any sharp terminating border; a margin; a brink; extreme verge; as, the edge of a table, a precipice. Upon the edge of yonder coppice. Shak. In worst extremes, and on the perilous edge Of battle. Milton. Pursue even to the very edge of destruction. Sir W. Scott.

3. Sharpness; readiness of fitness to cut; keenness; intenseness of desire. The full edge of our indignation. Sir W. Scott. Death and persecution lose all the ill that they can have, if we do not set an edge upon them by our fears and by our vices. Jer. Taylor.

4. The border or part adjacent to the line of division; the beginning or early part; as, in the edge of evening. "On the edge of winter." Milton. Edge joint (Carp.), a joint formed by two edges making a corner. -- Edge mill, a crushing or grinding mill in which stones roll around on their edges, on a level circular bed; -- used for ore, and as an oil mill. Called also Chilian mill. -- Edge molding (Arch.), a molding whose section is made up of two curves meeting in an angle. -- Edge plane. (a) (Carp.) A plane for edging boards. (b) (Shoemaking) A plane for edging soles. -- Edge play, a kind of swordplay in which backswords or cutlasses are used, and the edge, rather than the point, is employed. -- Edge rail. (Railroad) (a) A rail set on edge; -- applied to a rail of more depth than width. (b) A guard rail by the side of the main rail at a switch. Knight. -- Edge railway, a railway having the rails set on edge. -- Edge stone, a curbstone. -- Edge tool. (a) Any tool instrument having a sharp edge intended for cutting. (b) A tool for forming or dressing an edge; an edging tool. -- To be on edge, to be eager, impatient, or anxious. -- To set the teeth on edge, to cause a disagreeable tingling sensation in the teeth, as by bringing acids into contact with them. Bacon.

EDGE Edge, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edged; p. pr. & vb. n. Edging.]

1. To furnish with an edge as a tool or weapon; to sharpen. To edge her champion's sword. Dryden.

2. To shape or dress the edge of, as with a tool.

3. To furnish with a fringe or border; as, to edge a dress; to edge a garden with box. Hills whose tops were edged with groves. Pope.

4. To make sharp or keen, figuratively; to incite; to exasperate; to goad; to urge or egg on. [Obs.] By such reasonings, the simple were blinded, and the malicious edged. Hayward.

5. To move by little and little or cautiously, as by pressing forward edgewise; as, edging their chairs forwards. Locke.

EDGE Edge, v. i.

1. To move sideways; to move gradually; as, edge along this way.

2. To sail close to the wind. I must edge up on a point of wind. Dryden. To edge away or off (Naut.), to increase the distance gradually from the shore, vessel, or other object. -- To edge down (Naut.), to approach by slow degrees, as when a sailing vessel approaches an object in an oblique direction from the windward. -- To edge in, to get in edgewise; to get in by degrees. -- To edge in with, as with a coast or vessel (Naut.), to advance gradually, but not directly, toward it.

EDGEBONE Edge"bone`, n.

Defn: Same as Aitchbone.

EDGELESS Edge"less, a.

Defn: Without an edge; not sharp; blunt; obtuse; as, an edgeless sword or weapon.

EDGELONG Edge"long, adv.

Defn: In the direction of the edge. [Obs.] Three hundred thousand pieces have you stuck Edgelong into the ground. B. Jonson.

EDGESHOT Edge"shot, a. (Carp.)

Defn: Having an edge planed, -- said of a board. Knight.

EDGEWAYS; EDGEWISE Edge"ways, Edge"wise, adv.

Defn: With the edge towards anything; in the direction of the edge. Glad to get in a word, as they say, edgeways. Sir W. Scott.

EDGING Edg"ing, n.

1. That which forms an edge or border, as the fringe, trimming, etc., of a garment, or a border in a garden. Dryden.

2. The operation of shaping or dressing the edge of anything, as of a piece of metal. Edging machine, a machine tool with a revolving cutter, for dressing edges, as of boards, or metal plates, to a pattern or templet.

EDGINGLY Edg"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: Gradually; gingerly. [R.]

EDGY Edg"y, a. Etym: [From Edge.]

1. Easily irritated; sharp; as, an edgy temper.

2. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Having some of the forms, such as drapery or the like, too sharply defined. "An edgy style of sculpture." Hazlitt.

EDH Edh, n.

Defn: The name of the Anglo-Saxon letter edh, capital form th in a similar word: oedher, other, dôedh, doth." March.

EDIBILITY Ed`i*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: Suitableness for being eaten; edibleness.

EDIBLE Ed"i*ble, a. Etym: [L. edibilis, fr. edere to eat. See Eat.]

Defn: Fit to be eaten as food; eatable; esculent; as, edible fishes. Bacon. -- n.

Defn: Anything edible. Edible bird's nest. See Bird's nest,

2. -- Edible crab (Zoöl.), any species of crab used as food, esp. the American blue crab (Callinectes hastatus). See Crab. -- Edible frog (Zoöl.), the common European frog (Rana esculenta), used as food. -- Edible snail (Zoöl.), any snail used as food, esp. Helix pomatia and H. aspersa of Europe.

EDIBLENESS Ed"i*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Suitableness for being eaten.

EDICT E"dict, n. Etym: [L. edictum, fr. edicere, edictum, to declare, proclaim; e out + dicere to say: cf. F. édit. See Diction.]

Defn: A public command or ordinance by the sovereign power; the proclamation of a law made by an absolute authority, as if by the very act of announcement; a decree; as, the edicts of the Roman emperors; the edicts of the French monarch. It stands as an edict in destiny. Shak. Edict of Nantes (French Hist.), an edict issued by Henry IV. (A. D. 1598), giving toleration to Protestants. Its revocation by Louis XIV. (A. D. 1685) was followed by terrible persecutions and the expatriation of thousands of French Protestants.

Syn. -- Decree; proclamation; law; ordinance; statute; rule; order; manifesti; command. See Law.

EDICTAL E*dic"tal, a.

Defn: Relating to, or consisting of, edicts; as, the Roman edictal law.

EDIFICANT Ed"i*fi*cant, a. Etym: [L. aedificans, -antis, p. pr. of aedificare. See Edify.]

Defn: Building; constructing. [R.] Dugard.

EDIFICATION Ed`i*fi*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. aedificatio: cf. F. édification. See Edify.]

1. The act of edifying, or the state of being edified; a building up, especially in a moral or spiritual sense; moral, intellectual, or spiritual improvement; instruction. The assured edification of his church. Bp. Hall. Out of these magazines I shall supply the town with what may tend to their edification. Addison.

2. A building or edifice. [Obs.] Bullokar.

EDIFICATORY Ed"i*fi*ca`to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to edification. Bp. Hall.

EDIFICE Ed"i*fice, n. Etym: [L. aedificium, fr. aedificare: cf. F. édifice. See Edify.]

Defn: A building; a structure; an architectural fabric; -- chiefly applied to elegant houses, and other large buildings; as, a palace, a church, a statehouse.

EDIFICIAL Ed`i*fi"cial, a. Etym: [L. aedificialis.]

Defn: Pertaining to an edifice; structural.

EDIFIER Ed"i*fi`er, n.

1. One who builds. [Obs.]

2. One who edifies, builds up, or strengthens another by moral or religious instruction.

EDIFY Ed"i*fy, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Edified; p. pr. & vb. n. Edifying.] Etym: [F. édifier, L. aedificare; aedes a building, house, orig., a fireplace (akin to Gr. idh to kindle, OHG. eit funeral pile, AS. ad, OIr. aed fire) + facere to make. See Fact, -fy.]

1. To build; to construct. [Archaic] There was a holy chapel edified. Spenser.

2. To instruct and improve, especially in moral and religious knowledge; to teach. It does not appear probable that our dispute [about miracles] would either edify or enlighten the public. Gibbon.

3. To teach or persuade. [Obs.] Bacon.

EDIFY Ed"i*fy, v. i.

Defn: To improve. [R.] Swift.

EDIFYING Ed"i*fy`ing, a.

Defn: Instructing; improving; as, an edifying conversation. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ly, adv. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ness, n.

EDILE E"dile, n. Etym: [L. aedilis: cf. F. édile. Cf. Ædile.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: See Ædile.

EDILESHIP E"dile*ship, n.

Defn: The office of ædile. T. Arnold.

EDINGTONITE Ed"ing*ton*ite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A grayish white zeolitic mineral, in tetragonal crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and baryta.

EDIT Ed"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edited; p. pr. & vb. n. Editing.] Etym: [F. éditer, or L. editus, p. p. of edere to give out, put forth, publish; e out + dare to give. See Date a point of time.]

Defn: To superintend the publication of; to revise and prepare for publication; to select, correct, arrange, etc., the matter of, for publication; as, to edit a newspaper. Philosophical treatises which have never been edited. Enfield.

EDITION E*di"tion, n. Etym: [L. editio, fr. edere to publish; cf. F. édition. See Edit.]

1. A literary work edited and published, as by a certain editor or in a certain manner; as, a good edition of Chaucer; Chalmers' edition of Shakespeare.

2. The whole number of copies of a work printed and published at one time; as, the first edition was soon sold.

EDITION DE LUXE É`di`tion" de luxe". Etym: [F.]

Defn: See Luxe.

EDITIONER E*di`tion*er, n.

Defn: An editor. [Obs.]

EDITOR Ed"i*tor, n. Etym: [L., that which produces, from edere to publish: cf. F. éditeur.]

Defn: One who edits; esp., a person who prepares, superintends, revises, and corrects a book, magazine, or newspaper, etc., for publication.

EDITORIAL Ed`i*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an editor; written or sanctioned by an editor; as, editorial labors; editorial remarks. editorial content

EDITORIAL Ed`i*to"ri*al, n.

Defn: A leading article in a newspaper or magazine; an editorial article; an article published as an expression of the views of the editor.

EDITORIALLY Ed`i*to"ri*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner or character of an editor or of an editorial article.

EDITORSHIP Ed"i*tor*ship, n.

Defn: The office or charge of an editor; care and superintendence of a publication.

EDITRESS Ed"i*tress, n.

Defn: A female editor.

EDITUATE E*dit"u*ate, v. t. Etym: [LL. aedituatus, p. p. of aedituare, fr. L. aedituus a temple warden; aedes building, temple + tueri to guard.]

Defn: To guard as a churchwarden does. [Obs.] J. Gregory.

EDOMITE E"dom*ite, n.

Defn: One of the descendants of Esau or Edom, the brother of Jacob; an Idumean.

EDRIOPHTHALMA Ed`ri*oph*thal"ma, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of Crustacea in which the eyes are without stalks; the Arthrostraca. [Written also Edriophthalmata.]

EDRIOPHTHALMOUS Ed`ri*oph*thal"mous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Edriophthalma.

EDUCABILITY Ed`u*ca*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. éducabilité.]

Defn: Capability of being educated.

EDUCABLE Ed"u*ca*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. éducable.]

Defn: Capable of being educated. "Men are educable." M. Arnold.

EDUCATE Ed"u*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Educated; p. pr. & vb. n. Educating.] Etym: [L. educatus, p. p. of educare to bring up a child physically or mentally, to educate, fr. educere to Educe.]

Defn: To bring as, to educate a child; to educate the eye or the taste.

Syn. -- To develop; instruct; teach; inform; enlighten; edify; bring up; train; breed; rear; discipline; indoctrinate.

EDUCATED Ed"u*ca`ted, a.

Defn: Formed or developed by education; as, an educated man.

EDUCATION Ed`u*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. educatio; cf. F. éducation.]

Defn: The act or process of educating; the result of educating, as determined by the knowledge skill, or discipline of character, acquired; also, the act or process of training by a prescribed or customary course of study or discipline; as, an education for the bar or the pulpit; he has finished his education. To prepare us for complete living is the function which education has to discharge. H. Spenser.

Syn. -- Education, Instruction, Teaching, Training, Breeding. Education, properly a drawing forth, implies not so much the communication of knowledge as the discipline of the intellect, the establishment of the principles, and the regulation of the heart. Instruction is that part of education which furnishes the mind with knowledge. Teaching is the same, being simply more familiar. It is also applied to practice; as, teaching to speak a language; teaching a dog to do tricks. Training is a department of education in which the chief element is exercise or practice for the purpose of imparting facility in any physical or mental operation. Breeding commonly relates to the manners and outward conduct.

EDUCATIONAL Ed`u*ca"tion*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to education. "His educational establishment." J. H. Newman.

EDUCATIONIST Ed`u*ca"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who is versed in the theories of, or who advocates and promotes, education.

EDUCATIVE Ed"u*ca*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. éducatif.]

Defn: Tending to educate; that gives education; as, an educative process; an educative experience.

EDUCATOR Ed"u*ca`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who educates; a teacher.

EDUCE E*duce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Educed; p. pr. & vb. n. Educing.] Etym: [L. educere; e out + ducere to lead. See Duke.]

Defn: To bring or draw out; to cause to appear; to produce against counter agency or influence; to extract; to evolve; as, to educe a form from matter. The eternal art educing good from ill. Pope. They want to educe and cultivate what is best and noblest in themselves. M. Arnold.

EDUCIBLE E*du"ci*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being educed.

EDUCT E"duct, n. Etym: [L. eductum, fr. educere.]

Defn: That which is educed, as by analysis. Sir W. Hamilton.

EDUCTION E*duc"tion, n. Etym: [L. eductio.]

Defn: The act of drawing out or bringing into view. Eduction pipe, and Eduction port. See Exhaust pipe and Exhaust port, under Exhaust, a.

EDUCTIVE E*duc"tive, a.

Defn: Tending to draw out; extractive.

EDUCTOR E*duc"tor, n. Etym: [L., tutor.]

Defn: One who, or that which, brings forth, elicits, or extracts. Stimulus must be called an eductor of vital ether. E. Darwin.

EDULCORANT E*dul"co*rant, a. Etym: [See Edulcorate.]

Defn: Having a tendency to purify or to sweeten by removing or correcting acidity and acrimony.

EDULCORANT E*dul"co*rant, n.

Defn: An edulcorant remedy.

EDULCORATE E*dul"co*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Edulcorated; p. pr. & vb. n. Edulcorating.] Etym: [L. e oudulcoratus, p. p. of dulcorare to sweeten, fr. dulcor sweetness, fr. dulcis sweet: cf. F. édulcorer.]

1. To render sweet; to sweeten; to free from acidity. Succory . . . edulcorated with sugar and vinegar. Evelyn.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: To free from acids, salts, or other soluble substances, by washing; to purify. [R.]

EDULCORATION E*dul`co*ra"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. édulcoration.]

1. The act of sweetening or edulcorating.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: The act of freeing from acids or any soluble substances, by affusions of water. [R.] Ure.

EDULCORATIVE E*dul"co*ra*tive, a.

Defn: Tending to

EDULCORATOR E*dul"co*ra`tor, n.

Defn: A contrivance used to supply small quantities of sweetened liquid, water, etc., to any mixture, or to test tubes, etc.; a dropping bottle.

EDULIOUS E*du"li*ous, a. Etym: [L. edulis, fr. edere to eat.]

Defn: Edible. [Obs.] "Edulious pulses." Sir T. Browne.

-EE -ee. Etym: [Formed on the F. p. p. ending -é, masc.]

Defn: A suffix used, chiefly in law terms, in a passive signification, to indicate the direct or indirect object of an

## action, or the one to whom an act is done or on whom a right is

conferred; as in assignee, donee, alienee, grantee, etc. It is correlative to -or, the agent or doer.

EEK; EEKE Eek, Eeke, v. t.

Defn: See Eke. [Obs.] Spenser.

EEL Eel, n. Etym: [AS. ; akin to D., G., & Dan. aal, Icel. all, Sw. ål.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An elongated fish of many genera and species. The common eels of Europe and America belong to the genus Anguilla. The electrical eel is a species of Gymnotus. The so called vinegar eel is a minute nematode worm. See Conger eel, Electric eel, and Gymnotus.

EELBUCK Eel"buck`, n.

Defn: An eelpot or eel basket.

EELFARE Eel"fare`, n. Etym: [Eel + fare a journey or passage.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A brood of eels. [Prov. Eng.]

EELGRASS Eel"grass`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Zostera marina), with very long and narrow leaves, growing abundantly in shallow bays along the North Atlantic coast.

EEL-MOTHER Eel"-moth`er, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The eelpout.

EELPOT Eel"pot`, n.

Defn: A boxlike structure with funnel-shaped traps for catching eels; an eelbuck.

EELPOUT Eel"pout`, n. Etym: [AS. .] (Zoöl.) (a) A European fish (Zoarces viviparus), remarkable for producing living young; -- called also greenbone, guffer, bard, and Maroona eel. Also, an American species (Z. anguillaris), -- called also mutton fish, and, erroneously, congo eel, ling, and lamper eel. Both are edible, but of little value. (b) A fresh-water fish, the burbot.

EELSPEAR Eel"spear`, n.

Defn: A spear with barbed forks for spearing eels.

E'EN E'en, adv.

Defn: A contraction for even. See Even. I have e'en done with you. L'Estrange.

EEN Een, n.

Defn: The old plural of Eye. And eke with fatness swollen were his een. Spenser.

E'ER E'er, adv.

Defn: A contraction for ever. See Ever.

EERIE; EERY Ee"rie, Ee"ry, a. Etym: [Scotch, fr. AS. earh timid.]

1. Serving to inspire fear, esp. a dread of seeing ghosts; wild; weird; as, eerie stories. She whose elfin prancer springs By night to eery warblings. Tennyson.

2. Affected with fear; affrighted. Burns.

EERILY Ee"ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In a strange, unearthly way.

EERISOME Ee"ri*some, a.

Defn: Causing fear; eerie. [Scot.]

EET Eet, obs. imp.

Defn: of Eat. Chaucer.

EFFABLE Ef"fa*ble, a. Etym: [L. effabilis; ex out + fari to speak.]

Defn: Capable of being uttered or explained; utterable. Barrow.

EFFACE Ef*face", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Effacing.] Etym: [F. effacer; pref. es- (L. ex) + face face; prop., to destroy the face or form. See Face, and cf. Deface.]

1. To cause to disappear (as anything impresses or inscribed upon a surface) by rubbing out, striking out, etc.; to erase; to render illegible or indiscernible; as, to efface the letters on a monument, or the inscription on a coin.

2. To destroy, as a mental impression; to wear away. Efface from his mind the theories and notions vulgarly received. Bacon.

Syn. -- To blot out; expunge; erase; obliterate; cancel; destroy. -- Efface, Deface. To deface is to injure or impair a figure; to efface is to rub out or destroy, so as to render invisible.

EFFACEABLE Ef*face"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being effaced.

EFFACEMENT Ef*face"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. effacement.]

Defn: The act if effacing; also, the result of the act.

EFFASCINATE Ef*fas"ci*nate, v. t. Etym: [L. effascinare.]

Defn: To charm; to bewitch. [Obs.] Heywood.

EFFASCINATION Ef*fas`ci*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. effascinatio.]

Defn: A charming; state of being bewitched or deluded. [Obs.]

EFFECT Ef*fect", n. Etym: [L. effectus, fr. efficere, effectum, to effect; ex + facere to make: cf. F. effet, formerly also spelled effect. See Fact.]

1. Execution; performance; realization; operation; as, the law goes into effect in May. That no compunctious visitings of nature Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between The effect and it. Shak.

2. Manifestation; expression; sign. All the large effects That troop with majesty. Shak.

3. In general: That which is produced by an agent or cause; the event which follows immediately from an antecedent, called the cause; result; consequence; outcome; fruit; as, the effect of luxury. The effect is the unfailing index of the amount of the cause. Whewell.

4. Impression left on the mind; sensation produced. Patchwork . . . introduced for oratorical effect. J. C. Shairp. The effect was heightened by the wild and lonely nature of the place. W. Irving.

5. Power to produce results; efficiency; force; importance; account; as, to speak with effect.

6. Consequence intended; purpose; meaning; general intent; -- with to. They spake to her to that effect. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 22.

7. The purport; the sum and substance. "The effect of his intent." Chaucer.

8. Reality; actual meaning; fact, as distinguished from mere appearance. No other in effect than what it seems. Denham.

9. pl.

Defn: Goods; movables; personal estate; -- sometimes used to embrace real as well as personal property; as, the people escaped from the town with their effects. For effect, for an exaggerated impression or excitement. -- In effect, in fact; in substance. See 8, above. -- Of no effect, Of none effect, To no effect, or Without effect, destitute of results, validity, force, and the like; vain; fruitless. "Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition." Mark vii. 13. "All my study be to no effect." Shak. -- To give effect to, to make valid; to carry out in practice; to push to its results. -- To take effect, to become operative, to accomplish aims. Shak.

Syn. -- Effect, Consequence, Result. These words indicate things which arise out of some antecedent, or follow as a consequent. Effect, which may be regarded as the generic term, denotes that which springs directly from something which can properly be termed a cause. A consequence is more remote, not being strictly caused, nor yet a mere sequence, but following out of and following indirectly, or in the train of events, something on which it truly depends. A result is still more remote and variable, like the rebound of an elastic body which falls in very different directions. We may foresee the effects of a measure, may conjecture its consequences, but can rarely discover its final results. Resolving all events, with their effects And manifold results, into the will And arbitration wise of the Supreme. Cowper. Shun the bitter consequence, for know, The day thou eatest thereof, . . . thou shalt die. Milton.

EFFECT Ef*fect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effected; p. pr. & vb. n. Effecting.]

1. To produce, as a cause or agent; to cause to be. So great a body such exploits to effect. Daniel.

2. To bring to pass; to execute; to enforce; to achieve; to accomplish. To effect that which the divine counsels had decreed. Bp. Hurd. They sailed away without effecting their purpose. Jowett (Th. ).

Syn. -- To accomplish; fulfill; achieve; complete; execute; perform; attain. See Accomplish.

EFFECTER Ef*fect"er, n.

Defn: One who effects.

EFFECTIBLE Ef*fect"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being done or achieved; practicable; feasible. Sir T. Browne.

EFFECTION Ef*fec"tion, n. Etym: [L. effectio: cf. F. effection.]

Defn: Creation; a doing. [R.] Sir M. Hale.

EFFECTIVE Ef*fect"ive, a. Etym: [L. effectivus: cf. F. effectif.]

Defn: Having the power to produce an effect or effects; producing a decided or decisive effect; efficient; serviceable; operative; as, an effective force, remedy, speech; the effective men in a regiment. They are not effective of anything, nor leave no work behind them. Bacon. Whosoever is an effective, real cause of doing his heighbor wrong, is criminal. Jer. Taylor.

Syn. -- Efficient; forcible; active; powerful; energetic; competent. See Effectual.

EFFECTIVE Ef*fect"ive, n.

1. That which produces a given effect; a cause. Jer. Taylor.

2. One who is capable of active service. He assembled his army -- 20,000 effectives -- at Corinth. W. P. Johnston.

3. Etym: [F. effectif real, effective, real amount.] (Com.)

Defn: Specie or coin, as distinguished from paper currency; -- a term used in many parts of Europe. Simmonds.

EFFECTIVELY Ef*fect"ive*ly, adv.

Defn: With effect; powerfully; completely; thoroughly.

EFFECTIVENESS Ef*fect"ive*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being effective.

EFFECTLESS Ef*fect"less, a.

Defn: Without effect or advantage; useless; bootless. Shak. -- Ef*fect"less*ly, adv.

EFFECTOR Ef*fect"or, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: An effecter. Derham.

EFFECTUAL Ef*fec"tu*al, a. Etym: [See Effect, n.]

Defn: Producing, or having adequate power or force to produce, an intended effect; adequate; efficient; operative; decisive. Shak. Effectual steps for the suppression of the rebellion. Macaulay. Effectual calling (Theol.), a doctrine concerning the work of the Holy Spirit in producing conviction of sin and acceptance of salvation by Christ, -- one of the five points of Calvinism. See Calvinism.

Syn. -- Effectual, Efficacious, Effective. An efficacious remedy is had recourse to, and proves effective if it does decided good, effectual if it does all the good desired. C. J. Smith.

EFFECTUALLY Ef*fec"tu*al*ly, adv.

1. With effect; efficaciously.

2. Actually; in effect. [Obs.] Fuller.

EFFECTUALNESS Ef*fec"tu*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being effectual.

EFFECTUATE Ef*fec"tu*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effectuated; p. pr. & vb. n. Effectuating.] Etym: [Cf. F. effectuer. See Effect, n. & v. t.]

Defn: To bring to pass; to effect; to achieve; to accomplish; to fulfill. A fit instrument to effectuate his desire. Sir P. Sidney. In order to effectuate the thorough reform. G. T. Curtis.

EFFECTUATION Ef*fec`tu*a"tion, n.

Defn: Act of effectuating.

EFFECTUOSE; EFFECTUOUS Ef*fec"tu*ose`, Ef*fec"tu*ous, a.

Defn: Effective. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

EFFECTUOUSLY Ef*fec"tu*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: Effectively. [Obs.]

EFFEMINACY Ef*fem"i*na*cy, n.; pl. Effeminacies. Etym: [From Effeminate.]

Defn: Characteristic quality of a woman, such as softness, luxuriousness, delicacy, or weakness, which is unbecoming a man; womanish delicacy or softness; -- used reproachfully of men. Milton.

EFFEMINATE Ef*fem"i*nate, a. Etym: [L. effeminatus, p. p. of effeminare to make a woman of; ex out + femina a woman. See Feminine, a.]

1. Having some characteristic of a woman, as delicacy, luxuriousness, etc.; soft or delicate to an unmanly degree; womanish; weak. The king, by his voluptuous life and mean marriage, became effeminate, and less sensible of honor. Bacon. An effeminate and unmanly foppery. Bp. Hurd.

2. Womanlike; womanly; tender; -- in a good sense. Gentle, kind, effeminate remorse. Shak.

Note: Effeminate and womanish are generally used in a reproachful sense; feminine and womanly, applied to women, are epithets of propriety or commendation.

EFFEMINATE Ef*fem"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effeminated; p. pr. & vb. n. Effeminating.]

Defn: To make womanish; to make soft and delicate; to weaken. It will not corrupt or effeminate children's minds. Locke.

EFFEMINATE Ef*fem"i*nate, v. i.

Defn: To grow womanish or weak. In a slothful peace both courage will effeminate and manners corrupt. Pope.

EFFEMINATELY Ef*fem"i*nate*ly, adv.

1. In an effeminate or womanish manner; weakly; softly; delicately. "Proud and effeminately gay." Fawkes.

2. By means of a woman; by the power or art of a woman. [R.] "Effeminately vanquished." Milton.

EFFEMINATENESS Ef*fem"i*nate*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being effeminate; unmanly softness. Fuller.

EFFEMINATION Ef*fem`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. effeminatio.]

Defn: Effeminacy; womanishness. [Obs.] Bacon.

EFFEMINIZE Ef*fem"i*nize, v. t.

Defn: To make effeminate. [Obs.]

EFFENDI Ef*fen"di, n. Etym: [Turk. efendi, fr. Modern Gr. Authentic.]

Defn: Master; sir; -- a title of a Turkish state official and man of learning, especially one learned in the law.

EFFERENT Ef"fe*rent, a. Etym: [L. efferens, -entis, p. pr. of effere to bear out; ex out + ferre to bear.] (Physiol.) (a) Conveying outward, or discharging; -- applied to certain blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, etc. (b) Conveyed outward; as, efferent impulses, i. e., such as are conveyed by the motor or efferent nerves from the central nervous organ outwards; -- opposed to afferent.

EFFERENT Ef"fe*rent, n.

Defn: An efferent duct or stream.

EFFEROUS Ef"fer*ous, a. Etym: [L. efferus savage; ex (intens.) + ferus wild.]

Defn: Like a wild beast; fierce. [Obs.]

EFFERVESCE Ef`fer*vesce", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Effervesced; p. pr. & vb. n. Effervescing.] Etym: [L. effervescere; ex + fervescere to begin boiling, incho., fr. fervere to boil. See Fervent.]

1. To be in a state of natural ebullition; to bubble and hiss, as fermenting liquors, or any fluid, when some part escapes in a gaseous form.

2. To exhibit, in lively natural expression, feelings that can not be repressed or concealed; as, to effervesce with joy or merriment.

EFFERVESCENCE; EFFERVESCENCY Ef`fer*ves"cence, Ef`fer*ves"cen*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. effervescence.]

Defn: A kind of natural ebullition; that commotion of a fluid which takes place when some part of the mass flies off in a gaseous form, producing innumerable small bubbles; as, the effervescence of a carbonate with citric acid.

EFFERVESCENT Ef`fer*ves"cent, a. Etym: [L. effervescences, p. pr. of effervescere: cf. F. effervescent.]

Defn: Gently boiling or bubbling, by means of the disengagement of gas

EFFERVESCIBLE Ef`fer*ves"ci*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of effervescing.

EFFERVESCIVE Ef`fer*ves"cive, a.

Defn: Tending to produce effervescence. "An effervescive force." Hickok.

EFFET Ef"fet, n. Etym: [See Eft, n.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The common newt; -- called also asker, eft, evat, and ewt.

EFFETE Ef*fete", a. Etym: [L. effetus that has brought forth, exhausted; ex + fetus that has brought forth. See Fetus.]

Defn: No longer capable of producing young, as an animal, or fruit, as the earth; hence, worn out with age; exhausted of energy; incapable of efficient action; no longer productive; barren; sterile. Effete results from virile efforts. Mrs. Browning If they find the old governments effete, worn out, . . . they may seek new ones. Burke.

EFFICACIOUS Ef`fi*ca"cious, a. Etym: [L. eficax, -acis, fr. efficere. See Effect, n.]

Defn: Possessing the quality of being effective; productive of, or powerful to produce, the effect intended; as, an efficacious law.

Syn. -- See Effectual. -- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ly, adv. -- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ness, n.

EFFICACITY Ef`fi*cac"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. efficacitas: cf. F. efficacité.]

Defn: Efficacy. [R.] J. Fryth.

EFFICACY Ef"fi*ca*cy, n. Etym: [L. efficacia, fr. efficax. See Efficacious.]

Defn: Power to produce effects; operation or energy of an agent or force; production of the effect intended; as, the efficacy of medicine in counteracting disease; the efficacy of prayer. "Of noxious efficacy." Milton.

Syn. -- Virtue; force; energy; potency; efficiency.

EFFICIENCE; EFFICIENCY Ef*fi"cience, Ef*fi"cien*cy, n. Etym: [L. efficientia.]

1. The quality of being efficient or producing an effect or effects; efficient power; effectual agency. The manner of this divine efficiency being far above us. Hooker.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: The ratio of useful work to energy expended. Rankine. Efficiency of a heat engine, the ratio of the work done an engine, to the work due to the heat supplied to it.

EFFICIENT Ef*fi"cient, a. Etym: [L. efficiens, -entis, p. pr. of efficere to effect: cf. F. efficient. See Effect, n.]

Defn: Causing effects; producing results; that makes the effect to be what it is; actively operative; not inactive, slack, or incapable; characterized by energetic and useful activity; as, an efficient officer, power. The efficient cause is the working cause. Wilson.

Syn. -- Effective; effectual; competent; able; capable; material; potent.

EFFICIENT Ef*fi"cient, n.

Defn: An efficient cause; a prime mover. God . . . moveth mere natural agents as an efficient only. Hooker.

EFFICIENTLY Ef*fi"cient*ly, adv.

Defn: With effect; effectively.

EFFIERCE Ef*fierce", v. t. Etym: [Pref. ex- (intens.) + fierce.]

Defn: To make fierce. [Obs.] Spenser.

EFFIGIAL Ef*fig"i*al, a.

Defn: Relating to an effigy.

EFFIGIATE Ef*fig"i*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. effigiatus, p. p. of effigiare to form, fr. effigies. See Effigy.]

Defn: To form as an effigy; hence, to fashion; to adapt. [He must] effigiate and conform himself to those circumstances. Jer. Taylor.

EFFIGIATION Ef*fig`i*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. effigiatio.]

Defn: The act of forming in resemblance; an effigy. Fuller.

EFFIGIES Ef*fig"i*es, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Effigy. Dryden.

EFFIGY Ef"fi*gy, n.; pl. Effigies. Etym: [L. effigies, fr. effingere to form, fashion; ex + fingere to form, shape, devise. See Feign.]

Defn: The image, likeness, or representation of a person, whether a full figure, or a part; an imitative figure; -- commonly applied to sculptured likenesses, as those on monuments, or to those of the heads of princes on coins and medals, sometimes applied to portraits. To burn, or To hang, in effigy, to burn or to hang an image or picture of a person, as a token of public odium.

EFFLAGITATE Ef*flag"i*tate, v. t. Etym: [L. efflagitatus, p. p. of efflagitare.]

Defn: To ask urgently. [Obs.] Cockeram.

EFFLATE Ef*flate", v. t. Etym: [L. efflatus, p. p. of efflare to blow or breathe out; ex + flare to blow.]

Defn: To fill with breath; to puff up. Sir T. Herbert.

EFFLATION Ef*fla"tion, n.

Defn: The act of filling with wind; a breathing or puffing out; a puff, as of wind. A soft efflation of celestial fire. Parnell.

EFFLORESCE Ef`flo*resce", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Effloresced; p. pr. & vb. n. Efflorescing.] Etym: [L. efflorescere to bloom, blossom; ex + florescere to begin to blossom, incho., fr. florere to blossom, fr. flos a flower. See Flower.]

1. To blossom forth. Carlyle.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: To change on the surface, or throughout, to a whitish, mealy, or crystalline powder, from a gradual decomposition, esp. from the loss of water, on simple exposure to the air; as, Glauber's salts, and many others, effloresce.

3. To become covered with a whitish crust or light crystallization, from a slow chemical change between some of the ingredients of the matter covered and an acid proceeding commonly from an external source; as, the walls of limestone caverns sometimes effloresce with nitrate of calcium in consequence of the action in consequence of nitric acid formed in the atmosphere.

EFFLORESCENCE Ef`flo*res"cence, n. Etym: [F. efflorescence.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Flowering, or state of flowering; the blooming of flowers; blowth.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A redness of the skin; eruption, as in rash, measles, smallpox, scarlatina, etc.

3. (Chem.) (a) The formation of the whitish powder or crust on the surface of efflorescing bodies, as salts, etc. (b) The powder or crust thus formed.

EFFLORESCENCY Ef`flo*res"cen*cy, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being efflorescent; efflorescence.

EFFLORESCENT Ef`flo*res"cent, a. Etym: [F. efflorescent, L. efflorescens, -entis, blooming, p. pr. of efflorescere. See Effloresce, v. i.]

1. That effloresces, or is liable to effloresce on exposure; as, an efflorescent salt.

2. Covered with an efflorescence.

EFFLOWER Ef*flow"er, v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. effleurer.] (Leather Making)

Defn: To remove the epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, blunt in its middle part, -- as in making chamois leather.

EFFLUENCE Ef"flu*ence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. effluence.]

1. A flowing out, or emanation.

2. That which flows or issues from any body or substance; issue; efflux. Bright effluence of bright essence increate! Milton. And, as if the gloom of the earth and sky had been but the effluence of these two mortal hearts, it vanished with their sorrow. Hawthorne.

EFFLUENCY Ef"flu*en*cy, n.

Defn: Effluence.

EFFLUENT Ef"flu*ent, a. Etym: [L. effluens, -entis, p. pr. of effluere to flow out; ex + fluere to flow: cf. F. effluent. See Fluent.]

Defn: Flowing out; as, effluent beams. Parnell.

EFFLUENT Ef"flu*ent, n. (Geog.)

Defn: A stream that flows out of another stream or lake.

EFFLUVIABLE Ef*flu"vi*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being given off as an effluvium. "Effluviable matter." Boyle.

EFFLUVIAL Ef*flu"vi*al, a.

Defn: Belonging to effluvia.

EFFLUVIATE Ef*flu"vi*ate, v. i.

Defn: To give forth effluvium. [R.] "An effluviating power." Boyle.

EFFLUVIUM Ef*flu"vi*um, n.; pl. Effluvia. Etym: [L., a flowing out, fr. effluere to flow out. See Effluent, a.]

Defn: Subtile or invisible emanation; exhalation perceived by the sense of smell; especially, noisome or noxious exhalation; as, the effluvium from diseased or putrefying bodies, or from ill drainage.

EFFLUX Ef"flux, n. Etym: [See Effluent, Flux.]

1. The act or process of flowing out, or issuing forth; effusion; outflow; as, the efflux of matter from an ulcer; the efflux of men's piety. It is then that the devout affections . . . are incessantly in efflux. I. Taylor.

2. That which flows out; emanation; effluence. Prime cheerer, light! . . . Efflux divine. Thomson.

EFFLUX Ef*flux", v. i.

Defn: To run out; to flow forth; to pass away. [Obs.] Boyle.

EFFLUXION Ef*flux"ion, n. Etym: [From Efflux.]

1. The act of flowing out; effusion.

2. That which flows out; effluvium; emanation. Some light effluxions from spirit to spirit. Bacon.

EFFODIENT Ef*fo"di*ent, a. Etym: [L. effodiens, p. pr. of effodere to dig out; ex + fodere to dig.]

Defn: Digging up.

EFFORCE Ef*force, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Efforced; p. pr. & vb. n. Efforcing.] Etym: [OF. esforcier (F. s'efforcer to exert one's self), LL. exforciare; L. ex + fortis strong. See Force.]

Defn: To force; to constrain; to compel to yield. [Obs.] Spenser.

EFFORM Ef*form", v. t. Etym: [Pref. ex- + form.]

Defn: To form; to shape. [Obs.] Efforming their words within their lips. Jer. Taylor.

EFFORMATION Ef`for*ma"tion, n.

Defn: The act of giving shape or form. [Obs.] Ray.

EFFORT Ef"fort, n. Etym: [F. effort, OF. esfort, for esfors, esforz, fr. esforcier. See Efforce.]

1. An exertion of strength or power, whether physical or mental, in performing an act or aiming at an object; more or less strenuous endeavor; struggle directed to the accomplishment of an object; as, an effort to scale a wall. We prize the stronger effort of his power. Pope.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A force acting on a body in the direction of its motion. Rankine.

Syn. -- Endeavor; exertion; struggle; strain; straining; attempt; trial; essay. See Attempt.

EFFORT Ef"fort, v. t.

Defn: To stimulate. [Obs.] "He efforted his spirits." Fuller.

EFFORTLESS Ef"fort*less, a.

Defn: Making no effort. Southey.

EFFOSSION Ef*fos"sion, n. Etym: [L. effossio. See Effodient.]

Defn: A digging out or up. [R.] "The effossion of coins." Arbuthnot.

EFFRANCHISE Ef*fran"chise, v. t. Etym: [Pref. ex- + franchise: cf. OF. esfranchir.]

Defn: To enfranchise.

EFFRAY Ef*fray", v. t. Etym: [F. effrayer. See Affray.]

Defn: To frighten; to scare. [Obs.] Spenser.

EFFRAYABLE Ef*fray"a*ble, a.

Defn: Frightful. [Obs.] Harvey.

EFFRENATION Ef`fre*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. effrenatio, fr. effrenare to unbridle; ex + frenum a bridle.]

Defn: Unbridled license; unruliness. [Obs.] Cockeram.

EFFRONT Ef*front", v. t.

Defn: To give assurance to. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

EFFRONTERY Ef*front"er*y, n.; pl. Effronteries. Etym: [F. effronterie, fr. effronté shameless, fr. L. effrons, -ontis, putting forth the forehead, i. e., barefaced, shameless; ex + frons the forehead. See Front.]

Defn: Impudence or boldness in confronting or in transgressing the bounds of duty or decorum; insulting presumptuousness; shameless boldness; barefaced assurance. Corruption lost nothing of its effrontery. Bancroft.

Syn. -- Impudence; sauciness. See Impudence.

EFFRONTIT Ef*front"it, a. Etym: [F. effronté.]

Defn: Marked by impudence. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

EFFRONTUOUSLY Ef*fron"tu*ous*ly, adv.

Defn: Impudently. [Obs.] R. North.

EFFULGE Ef*fulge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effulged; p. pr. & vb. n. Effulging.] Etym: [L. effulgere to shine forth; ex + fulgere to flash, shine. See Fulgent.]

Defn: To cause to shine with abundance of light; to radiate; to beam. [R.] His eyes effulging a peculiar fire. Thomson.

EFFULGE Ef*fulge", v. i.

Defn: To shine forth; to beam.

EFFULGENCE Ef*ful"gence, n.

Defn: The state of being effulgent; extreme brilliancy; a flood of light; great luster or brightness; splendor. The effulgence of his glory abides. Milton. The bright and the balmy effulgence of morn. Beattie.

EFFULGENT Ef*ful"gent, a. Etym: [L. effulgens, -entis, p. pr. of effulgere.]

Defn: Diffusing a flood of light; shining; luminous; beaming; bright; splendid. "Effulgent rays of light." Cowper.

EFFULGENTLY Ef*ful"gent*ly, adv.

Defn: In an effulgent manner.

EFFUMABILITY Ef*fu`ma*bil"i*ty, n.

Defn: The capability of flying off in fumes or vapor. [Obs.] Boyle.

EFFUME Ef*fume", v. t. Etym: [L. effumare to emit smoke; ex + fumare to smoke, fr. fumus smoke.]

Defn: To breathe or puff out. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

EFFUND Ef*fund", v. t. Etym: [L. effundere. See Effuse.]

Defn: To pour out. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

EFFUSE Ef*fuse", a. Etym: [L. effusus, p. p. of effundere to pour out; ex + fundere to pour. See Fuse to melt.]

1. Poured out freely; profuse. [Obs.] So should our joy be very effuse. Barrow.

2. Disposed to pour out freely; prodigal. [Obs.] Young.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: Spreading loosely, especially on one side; as, an effuse inflorescence. Loudon.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the lips, or edges, of the aperture abruptly spreading; -- said of certain shells.

EFFUSE Ef*fuse", n.

Defn: Effusion; loss. "Much effuse of blood." Shak.

EFFUSE Ef*fuse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Effused; p. pr. & vb. n. Effusing.]

Defn: To pour out like a stream or freely; to cause to exude; to shed. [R.] With gushing blood effused. Milton.

EFFUSE Ef*fuse", v. i.

Defn: To emanate; to issue. Thomson.

EFFUSION Ef*fu"sion, n. Etym: [L. effusio: cf. F. effusion.]

1. The act of pouring out; as, effusion of water, of blood, of grace, of words, and the like. To save the effusion of my people's blood. Dryden.

2. That which is poured out, literally or figuratively. Wash me with that precious effusion, and I shall be whiter than sow. Eikon Basilike. The light effusions of a heedless boy. Byron.

3. (Pathol.) (a) The escape of a fluid out of its natural vessel, either by rupture of the vessel, or by exudation through its walls. It may pass into the substance of an organ, or issue upon a free surface. (b) The liquid escaping or exuded.

EFFUSIVE Ef*fu"sive, a.

Defn: Pouring out; pouring forth freely. "Washed with the effusive wave." Pope. Effusive rocks (Geol.), volcanic rocks, in distinction from so-called intrusive, or plutonic, rocks. -- Ef*fu"sive*ly, adv. -- Ef*fu"sive*ness, n.

EFREET Ef"reet, n.

Defn: See Afrit.

EFT Eft, n. Etym: [AS. efete lizard. See Newt.] (Zoöl.) (a) A European lizard of the genus Seps. (b) A salamander, esp. the European smooth newt (Triton punctatus).

EFT Eft, adv. Etym: [AS. eft, æft, again, back, afterward. See Aft, After.]

Defn: Again; afterwards; soon; quickly. [Obs.] I wold never eft comen into the snare. Spenser.

EFTSOON; EFTSOONS Eft*soon", Eft*soons", adv. Etym: [OE. eftsone, eftsones; AS. eft + s soon. See Eft, and Soon.]

Defn: Again; anew; a second time; at once; speedily. [Archaic] And, if he fall from his capel [horse] eftsone. Chaucer. The champion stout eftsoons dismounted. Spenser.

EGAD E*gad", interj. Etym: [Euphemistic corruption of the oath, "by God."]

Defn: An exclamation expressing exultation or surprise, etc.

EGAL E"gal, a. Etym: [F. égal. See Equal.]

Defn: Equal; impartial. [Obs.] Shak.

EGALITY E*gal"i*ty, n. Etym: [OE. egalite, F. égalité.]

Defn: Equality. Chaucer. Tennyson.

EGEAN E*ge"an, a.

Defn: See Ægean.

EGENCE E"gence, n. Etym: [L. egens, -entis, p. pr. of egere to be needy, suffer want.]

Defn: The state of needing, or of suffering a natural want. [R.] J. Grote.

EGER; EGRE E"ger, E"gre, a. Etym: [See Eager.]

Defn: Sharp; bitter; acid; sour. [Obs.] The egre words of thy friend. Chaucer.

EGER E"ger, n.

Defn: An impetuous flood; a bore. See Eagre.

EGERMINATE E*ger"mi*nate, v. i. Etym: [From L. egerminare to sprout.]

Defn: To germinate. [Obs.]

EGEST E*gest", v. t. Etym: [L. egestus, p. p. of egerere to carry out, to discharge; e out + gerere to carry.] (Physiol.)

Defn: To cast or throw out; to void, as excrement; to excrete, as the indigestible matter of the food; in an extended sense, to excrete by the lungs, skin, or kidneys.

EGESTA E*ges"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., neut. pl. from p. p. of L. egere. See Egest.] (Physiol.)

Defn: That which is egested or thrown off from the body by the various excretory channels; excrements; -- opposed to ingesta.

EGESTION E*ges"tion, n. Etym: [L. egestio.]

Defn: Act or process of egesting; a voiding. Sir M. Hale.

EGG Egg, n. Etym: [OE., fr. Icel. egg; akin to AS. æg (whence OE. ey), Sw. ägg, Dan. æg, G. & D. ei, and prob. to OSlav. aje, jaje, L. ovum, Gr. ugh, Gael. ubh, and perh. to L. avis bird. Cf. Oval.]

1. (Popularly)

Defn: The oval or roundish body laid by domestic poultry and other birds, tortoises, etc. It consists of a yolk, usually surrounded by the "white" or albumen, and inclosed in a shell or strong membrane.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: A simple cell, from the development of which the young of animals are formed; ovum; germ cell.

3. Anything resembling an egg in form.

Note: Egg is used adjectively, or as the first part of self- explaining compounds; as, egg beater or egg-beater, egg case, egg ladle, egg-shaped, etc. Egg and anchor (Arch.), an egg-shaped ornament, alternating with another in the form of a dart, used to enrich the ovolo; -- called also egg and dart, and egg and tongue. See Anchor, n., 5. Ogilvie. -- Egg cleavage (Biol.), a process of cleavage or segmentation, by which the egg undergoes endogenous division with formation of a mass of nearly similar cells, from the growth and differentiation of which the new organism is ultimately formed. See Segmentation of the ovum, under Segmentation. -- Egg development (Biol.), the process of the development of an egg, by which the embryo is formed. -- Egg mite (Zoöl.), any mite which devours the eggs of insects, as Nothrus ovivorus, which destroys those of the canker worm. -- Egg parasite (Zoöl.), any small hymenopterous insect, which, in the larval stage, lives within the eggs of other insects. Many genera and species are known.

EGG Egg, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Egged; p. pr. & vb. n. Egging.] Etym: [OE. eggen, Icel. eggja, fr. egg edge. Edge.]

Defn: To urge on; to instigate; to incite Adam and Eve he egged to ill. Piers Plowman. [She] did egg him on to tell How fair she was. Warner.

EGGAR Eg"gar, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any bombycid moth of the genera Eriogaster and Lasiocampa; as, the oak eggar (L. roboris) of Europe.

EGG-BIRD Egg"-bird`, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of tern, esp. the sooty tern (Sterna fuliginosa) of the West Indies. In the Bahama Islands the name is applied to the tropic bird, Phaëthon flavirostris.

EGG-CUP Egg"-cup`, n.

Defn: A cup used for holding an egg, at table.

EGGEMENT Eg"ge*ment, n. Etym: [Egg, v. t. + -ment.]

Defn: Instigation; incitement. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EGGER Egg"er, n. Etym: [See Egg, n.]

Defn: One who gathers eggs; an eggler.

EGGER Egg"er, n. Etym: [See Egg, v. t.]

Defn: One who eggs or incites.

EGGERY Egg"er*y, n.

Defn: A place where eggs are deposited (as by sea birds) or kept; a nest of eggs. [R.]

EGG-GLASS Egg"-glass`, n.

Defn: A small sandglass, running about three minutes, for marking time in boiling eggs; also, a small glass for holding an egg, at table.

EGGHOT Egg"hot`, n.

Defn: A kind of posset made of eggs, brandy, sugar, and ale. Lamb.

EGGLER Egg"ler, n.

Defn: One who gathers, or deals in, eggs.

EGGNOG Egg`nog", n.

Defn: A drink consisting of eggs beaten up with sugar, milk, and (usually) wine or spirits.

EGGPLANT Egg"plant`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A plant (Solanum Melongena), of East Indian origin, allied to the tomato, and bearing a large, smooth, edible fruit, shaped somewhat like an egg; mad-apple.

EGG-SHAPED Egg"-shaped`, a.

Defn: Resembling an egg in form; ovoid.

EGGSHELL Egg"shell`, n.

1. The shell or exterior covering of an egg. Also used figuratively for anything resembling an eggshell.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A smooth, white, marine, gastropod shell of the genus Ovulum, resembling an egg in form.

EGG SQUASH Egg" squash`.

Defn: A variety of squash with small egg-shaped fruit.

EGHEN E"ghen, n. pl.

Defn: Eyes. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EGILOPICAL Eg`i*lop"ic*al, a. Etym: [See Ægilops.] (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to, of the nature of, or affected with, an ægilops, or tumor in the corner of the eye.

EGILOPS Eg"i*lops, n.

Defn: See Ægilops.

EGLANDULOSE; EGLANDULOUS E*glan"du*lose`, E*glan"du*lous, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + glandulose, glandulosus.]

Defn: Destitute of glands.

EGLANTINE Eg"lan*tine, n. Etym: [F. églantine, fr. OF. aiglent brier, hip tree, fr. (assumed) LL. acuculentus, fr. a dim. of L. acus needle; cf. F. aiguille needle. Cf. Aglet.] (Bot.) (a) A species of rose (Rosa Eglanteria), with fragrant foliage and flowers of various colors. (b) The sweetbrier (R. rubiginosa).

Note: Milton, in the following lines, has applied the name to some twinning plant, perhaps the honeysuckle. Through the sweetbrier, or the vine, Or the twisted eglantine. L'Allegro, 47. "In our early writers and in Gerarde and the herbalists, it was a shrub with white flowers." Dr. Prior.

EGLATERE Eg"la*tere, n.

Defn: Eglantine. [Obs. or R.] [Written also eglantere.] Tennyson.

EGLING Eg"ling, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European perch when two years old. [Prov. Eng.]

EGLOMERATE E*glom"er*ate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. e- + glomerate.]

Defn: To unwind, as a thread from a ball. [R.]

EGO E"go, n. Etym: [L., I.] (Met.)

Defn: The conscious and permanent subject of all psychical experiences, whether held to be directly known or the product of reflective thought; -- opposed to non-ego.

EGOICAL E*go"i*cal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to egoism. [R.]

EGOISM E"go*ism, n. Etym: [F. égoïsme, fr. L. -ego I. See I, and cf. Egotism.]

1. (Philos.)

Defn: The doctrine of certain extreme adherents or disciples of Descartes and Johann Gottlieb Fichte, which finds all the elements of knowledge in the ego and the relations which it implies or provides for.

2. Excessive love and thought of self; the habit of regarding one's self as the center of every interest; selfishness; -- opposed to altruism.

EGOIST E"go*ist, n. Etym: [F. égoïste. See Egoism.]

1. One given overmuch to egoism or thoughts of self. I, dullard egoist, taking no special recognition of such nobleness. Carlyle.

2. (Philos.)

Defn: A believer in egoism.

EGOISTIC; EGOISTICAL E`go*is"tic, E`go*is"tic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to egoism; imbued with egoism or excessive thoughts of self; self-loving. Ill-natured feeling, or egoistic pleasure in making men miserable. G. Eliot.

EGOISTICALLY E`go*is"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an egoistic manner.

EGOITY E*go"i*ty, n.

Defn: Personality. [R.] Swift.

EGOMISM E"go*mism, n.

Defn: Egoism. [R.] A. Baxter.

EGOPHONIC E`go*phon"ic, a.

Defn: Belonging to, or resembling, egophony.

EGOPHONY E*goph"o*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The sound of a patient's voice so modified as to resemble the bleating of a goat, heard on applying the ear to the chest in certain diseases within its cavity, as in pleurisy with effusion.

EGOTHEISM E"go*the`ism, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The deification of self. [R.]

EGOTISM E"go*tism, n. Etym: [L. ego I + ending -tism for -ism, prob. influenced by other English words in -tism fr. the Greek, where t is not part of the ending, as baptism. See Egoism.]

Defn: The practice of too frequently using the word I; hence, a speaking or writing overmuch of one's self; self-exaltation; self- praise; the act or practice of magnifying one's self or parading one's own doings. The word is also used in the sense of egoism. His excessive egotism, which filled all objects with himself. Hazlitt.

Syn. -- Egotism, Self-conceit, Vanity, Egoism. Self-conceit is an overweening opinion of one's talents, capacity, attractions, etc.; egotism is the acting out of self-conceit, or self-importance, in words and exterior conduct; vanity is inflation of mind arising from the idea of being thought highly of by others. It shows itself by its eagerness to catch the notice of others. Egoism is a state in which the feelings are concentrated on one's self. Its expression is egotism.

EGOTIST E"go*tist, n. Etym: [L. ego I + ending -tist for -ist. See Egotism, and cf. Egoist.]

Defn: One addicted to egotism; one who speaks much of himself or magnifies his own achievements or affairs.

EGOTISTIC; EGOTISTICAL E`go*tis"tic, E`go*tis"tic*al, a.

Defn: Addicted to, or manifesting, egotism.

Syn. -- Conceited; vain; self-important; opinionated.

EGOTISTICALLY E`go*tis"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: With egotism.

EGOTIZE E"go*tize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Egotized; p. pr. & vb. n. Egotizing.] Etym: [See Egotism.]

Defn: To talk or write as an egotist. Cowper.

EGRANULOSE E*gran"u*lose`, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + granule.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having no granules, as chlorophyll in certain conditions. R. Brown.

EGRE E"gre, a. & n.

Defn: See Eager, and Eagre. [Obs.]

EGREGIOUS E*gre"gious, a. Etym: [L. egregius; lit., separated or chosen from the herd, i. e., distinguished, excellent; e out + grex, gregis, herd. See Gregarious.]

Defn: Surpassing; extraordinary; distinguished (in a bad sense); -- formerly used with words importing a good quality, but now joined with words having a bad sense; as, an egregious rascal; an egregious ass; an egregious mistake. The egregious impudence of this fellow. Bp. Hall. His [Wyclif's] egregious labors are not to be neglected. Milton.

EGREGIOUSLY E*gre"gious*ly, adv.

Defn: Greatly; enormously; shamefully; as, egregiously cheated.

EGREGIOUSNESS E*gre"gious*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being egregious.

EGREMOIN Eg"re*moin, n. Etym: [See Agrimony.]

Defn: Agrimony (Agrimonia Eupatoria). [Obs.] Chaucer.

EGRESS E"gress, n. Etym: [L. egressus, fr. egredi to go out; e out + gradi to go. See Grade.]

1. The act of going out or leaving, or the power to leave; departure. Embarred from all egress and regress. Holland. Gates of burning adamant, Barred over us, prohibit all egress. Milton.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The passing off from the sun's disk of an inferior planet, in a transit.

EGRESS E*gress", v. i.

Defn: To go out; to depart; to leave.

EGRESSION E*gres"sion, n. Etym: [L. egressio.]

Defn: The act of going; egress. [R.] B. Jonson.

EGRESSOR E*gress"or, n.

Defn: One who goes out. [R.]

EGRET E"gret, n. Etym: [See Aigret, Heron.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The name of several species of herons which bear plumes on the back. They are generally white. Among the best known species are the American egret (Ardea, or Herodias, egretta); the great egret (A. alba); the little egret (A. garzetta), of Europe; and the American snowy egret (A. candidissima). A bunch of egrets killed for their plumage. G. W. Cable.

2. A plume or tuft of feathers worn as a part of a headdress, or anything imitating such an ornament; an aigrette.

3. (Bot.)

Defn: The flying feathery or hairy crown of seeds or achenes, as the down of the thistle.

4. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kind of ape.

EGRETTE E*grette", n. Etym: [See Aigrette.]

Defn: Same as Egret, n.,

2.

EGRIMONY Eg"ri*mo*ny, Etym: [Corrupted fr. agrimony.] (Bot.)

Defn: The herb agrimony. [Obs.]

EGRIMONY Eg"ri*mo*ny, n. Etym: [L. aegrimonia.]

Defn: Sorrow. [Obs.]

EGRIOT E"gri*ot, n. Etym: [F. aigrette, griotte, formerly agriote; cf. aigre sour.]

Defn: A kind of sour cherry. Bacon.

EGRITUDE E"gri*tude, n. Etym: [L. aegritudo, fr. aeger sick.]

Defn: Sickness; ailment; sorrow. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

EGYPTIAN E*gyp"tian, a. Etym: [L. Aegyptius, Gr. Aegyptus) Egypt: cf. F. égyptien. Cf. Gypsy.]

Defn: Pertaining to Egypt, in Africa. Egyptian bean. (Bot.) (a) The beanlike fruit of an aquatic plant (Nelumbium speciosum), somewhat resembling the water lily. (b) See under Bean,

1. -- Egyptian cross. See Illust. (No. 6) of Cross. -- Egyptian thorn (Bot.), a medium-sized tree (Acacia vera). It is one of the chief sources of the best gum arabic.

EGYPTIAN E*gyp"tian, n.

1. A native, or one of the people, of Egypt; also, the Egyptian language.

2. A gypsy. [Obs.] Shak.

EGYPTIZE E"gypt*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Egyptized; p. pr. & vb. n. Egyptizing.]

Defn: To give an Egyptian character or appearance to. Fairbairn.

EGYPTOLOGER; EGYPTOLOGIST E`gyp*tol"o*ger, E`gyp*tol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One skilled in the antiquities of Egypt; a student of Egyptology.

EGYPTOLOGICAL E*gyp`to*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or devoted to, Egyptology.

EGYPTOLOGY E`gyp*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Egypt + -logy.]

Defn: The science or study of Egyptian antiquities, esp. the hieroglyphics.

EH Eh, interj. Etym: [OE. ei, ey.]

Defn: An expression of inquiry or slight surprise.

EHLITE Eh"lite, n. Etym: [From Ehl near Linz, where it occurs.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of a green color and pearly luster; a hydrous phosphate of copper.

EIDER Ei"der, n. Etym: [Of Scand. origin, cf. Icel æ; akin to Sw. eider, Dan. ederfugl.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any species of sea duck of the genus Somateria, esp. Somateria mollissima, which breeds in the northern parts of Europe and America, and lines its nest with fine down (taken from its own body) which is an article of commerce; -- called also eider duck. The American eider (S. Dresseri), the king eider (S. spectabilis), and the spectacled eider (Arctonetta Fischeri) are related species. Eider down. Etym: [Cf. Icel. æ\'ebardun, Sw. eiderdun, Dan. ederduun.] Down of the eider duck, much sought after as an article of luxury.

EIDOGRAPH Ei"do*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. graph.]

Defn: An instrument for copying drawings on the same or a different scale; a form of the pantograph.

EIDOLON Ei*do"lon, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Idol.]

Defn: An image or representation; a form; a phantom; an apparition. Sir W. Scott.

EIGH Eigh, interj.

Defn: An exclamation expressing delight.

EIGHT Eight, n. Etym: [See Ait.]

Defn: An island in a river; an ait. [Obs.] "Osiers on their eights." Evelyn.

EIGHT Eight, a. Etym: [AS. eahta; akin to OS. ahto, OFries. achta, D. & G. acht, OHG. ahto, Icel. atta, Sw. åtta, Dan. otte, Goth. ahtau, Lith. aszt, Ir. & Gael. ochd, W. wyth, Armor. eich, eiz, L. octo, Gr. ash. Octave.]

Defn: Seven and one; as, eight years.

EIGHT Eight, n.

1. The number greater by a unit than seven; eight units or objects.

2. A symbol representing eight units, as 8 or viii.

EIGHTEEN Eight"een`, a. Etym: [AS. eahtat, eahtat. See Eight, and Ten, and cf. Eighty.]

Defn: Eight and ten; as, eighteen pounds.

EIGHTEEN Eight"een`, n.

1. The number greater by a unit than seventeen; eighteen units or objects.

2. A symbol denoting eighteen units, as 18 or xviii.

EIGHTEENMO Eight`een"mo, a. & n.

Defn: See Octodecimo.

EIGHTEENTH Eight"eenth`, a. Etym: [From Eighteen.]

1. Next in order after the seventeenth.

2. Consisting of one of eighteen equal parts or divisions of a thing.

EIGHTEENTH Eight"eenth`, n.

1. The quotient of a unit divided by eighteen; one of eighteen equal parts or divisions.

2. The eighth after the tenth.

EIGHTETETHE Eight"e*teth`e, a. Etym: [OE., fr. AS. eahtateó; eahta eight + teó tenth. Cf. Eighteenth, Tenth.]

Defn: Eighteenth. [Obs.]

EIGHTFOLD Eight"fold`, a.

Defn: Eight times a quantity.

EIGHTH Eighth, a. Etym: [AS. eahto.]

1. Next in order after the seventh.

2. Consisting of one of eight equal divisions of a thing. Eighth note (Mus.), the eighth part of a whole note, or semibreve; a quaver.

EIGHTH Eighth, n.

1. The quotient of a unit divided by eight; one of eight equal parts; an eighth part.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: The interval of an octave.

EIGHTHLY Eighth"ly, adv.

Defn: As the eighth in order.

EIGHTIETH Eight"i*eth, a. Etym: [From Eighty.]

1. The next in order after seventy-ninth.

2. Consisting of one of eighty equal parts or divisions.

EIGHTIETH Eight"i*eth, n.

Defn: The quotient of a unit divided by eighty; one of eighty equal parts.

EIGHTLING Eight"ling, n. Etym: [Eight + -ling.] (Crystallog.)

Defn: A compound or twin crystal made up of eight individuals.

EIGHTSCORE Eight"score`, a. & n.

Defn: Eight times twenty; a hundred and sixty.

EIGHTY Eight"y, a. Etym: [AS. eahtatig, where the ending -tig is akin to English ten; cf. G. achtzig. See Eight, and Ten.]

Defn: Eight times ten; fourscore.

EIGHTY Eight"y, n.

1. The sum of eight times ten; eighty units or objects.

2. A symbol representing eighty units, or ten eight times repeated, as 80 or lxxx.

EIGNE Eigne, a. Etym: [OF. aisné, ainsné, F. aîné, fr. L. ante natus born before. Cf. Esnecy.]

1. (Law)

Defn: Eldest; firstborn. Blackstone.

2. Entailed; belonging to the eldest son. [Obs.] Bastard eigne, a bastard eldest son whose parents afterwards intermarry.

EIKING Eik"ing, n. (Naut.)

Defn: See Eking.

EIKON Ei"kon, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: An image or effigy; -- used rather in an abstract sense, and rarely for a work of art.

EIKONOGEN Ei*kon"o*gen, n. [Gr. e'ikw`n, e'iko`nos, image + root of gi`gnesqai to be born.] (Photog. & Chem.)

Defn: The sodium salt of a sulphonic acid of a naphthol, C10H5(OH)(NH2)SO3Na used as a developer.

EIKOSANE Ei"ko*sane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A solid hydrocarbon, C20H42, of the paraffine series, of artificial production, and also probably occurring in petroleum.

EIKOSYLENE Ei*kos"y*lene, n. Etym: [Gr. ylene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A liquid hydrocarbon, C20H38, of the acetylene series, obtained from brown coal.

EILD Eild, n. Etym: [See Eld.]

Defn: Age. [Obs.] Fairfax.

EIRE Eire, n.

Defn: Air. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EIRENARCH Ei`re*narch, n. Etym: [See Irenarch.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A justice of the peace; irenarch.

EIRENIC Ei*ren"ic, a.

Defn: Pacific. See Irenic.

EIRIE Ei"rie, n.

Defn: See Aerie, and Eyrie.

EISEL Ei"sel, n. Etym: [OF. aisil, aissil, fr. L. acet. Cf. Acetic.]

Defn: Vinegar; verjuice. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

EISTEDDFOD Eis*tedd"fod, n. Etym: [W., session, fr. eistedd to sit.]

Defn: Am assembly or session of the Welsh bards; an annual congress of bards, minstrels and literati of Wales, -- being a patriotic revival of the old custom.

EITHER Ei"ther, a. & pron. Etym: [OE. either, aither, AS. , (akin to OHG. , MHG. iegeweder); a + ge + hwæ whether. See Each, and Whether, and cf. Or, conj.]

1. One of two; the one or the other; -- properly used of two things, but sometimes of a larger number, for any one. Lepidus flatters both, Of both is flattered; but he neither loves, Nor either cares for him. Shak. Scarce a palm of ground could be gotten by either of the three. Bacon. There have been three talkers in Great British, either of whom would illustrate what I say about dogmatists. Holmes.

2. Each of two; the one and the other; both; -- formerly, also, each of any number. His flowing hair In curls on either cheek played. Milton. On either side . . . was there the tree of life. Rev. xxii. 2. The extreme right and left of either army never engaged. Jowett (Thucyd).

EITHER Ei"ther, conj. Either

Defn: precedes two, or more, coördinate words or phrases, and is introductory to an alternative. It is correlative to or. Either he is talking, or he is pursuing, or he is in a journey, or peradventure he sleepeth. 1 Kings xviii. 27. Few writers hesitate to use either in what is called a triple alternative; such as, We must either stay where we are, proceed, or recede. Latham.

Note: Either was formerly sometimes used without any correlation, and where we should now use or. Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries either a vine, figs James iii. 12.

EJACULATE E*jac"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ejaculated; p. pr. & vb. n. Ejaculating.] Etym: [L. ejaculatus, p. p. of ejaculari to throw out; e out + ejaculari to throw, fr. jaculum javelin, dart, fr. jacere to throw. See Eject.]

1. To throw out suddenly and swiftly, as if a dart; to dart; to eject. [Archaic or Technical] Its active rays ejaculated thence. Blackmore.

2. To throw out, as an exclamation; to utter by a brief and sudden impulse; as, to ejaculate a prayer.

EJACULATE E*jac"u*late, v. i.

Defn: To utter ejaculations; to make short and hasty exclamations. [R.] "Ejaculating to himself." Sir W. Scott.

EJACULATION E*jac`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. éjaculation.]

1. The act of throwing or darting out with a sudden force and rapid flight. [Archaic or Technical] "An ejaculation or irradiation of the eye." Bacon.

2. The uttering of a short, sudden exclamation or prayer, or the exclamation or prayer uttered. In your dressing, let there be jaculations fitted to the several

## actions of dressing. Jer. Taylor.

3. (Physiol.)

Defn: The act of ejecting or suddenly throwing, as a fluid from a duct.

EJACULATOR E*jac"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [NL. See Ejaculate.] (Anat.)

Defn: A muscle which helps ejaculation.

EJACULATORY E*jac"u*la*to*ry, a.

1. Casting or throwing out; fitted to eject; as, ejaculatory vessels.

2. Suddenly darted out; uttered in short sentences; as, an ejaculatory prayer or petition.

3. Sudden; hasty. [Obs.] "Ejaculatory repentances, that take us by fits and starts." L'Estrange.

EJECT E*ject", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ejected; p. pr. & vb. n. Ejecting.] Etym: [L. ejectus, p. p. of ejicere; e out + jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting forth.]

1. To expel; to dismiss; to cast forth; to thrust or drive out; to discharge; as, to eject a person from a room; to eject a traitor from the country; to eject words from the language. "Eyes ejecting flame." H. Brooke.

2. (Law)

Defn: To cast out; to evict; to dispossess; as, to eject tenants from an estate.

Syn. -- To expel; banish; drive out; discharge; oust; evict; dislodge; extrude; void.

EJECTA E*jec"ta, n. pl. [L., neut. pl. of ejectus cast out. See Eject.]

Defn: Matter ejected; material thrown out; as, the ejecta of a volcano; the ejecta, or excreta, of the body.

EJECTION E*jec"tion, n. Etym: [L. ejectio: cf. F. éjection.]

1. The act of ejecting or casting out; discharge; expulsion; evacuation. "Vast ejection of ashes." Eustace. "The ejection of a word." Johnson.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The act or process of discharging anything from the body,

## particularly the excretions.

3. The state of being ejected or cast out; dispossession; banishment.

EJECTMENT E*ject"ment, n.

1. A casting out; a dispossession; an expulsion; ejection; as, the ejectment of tenants from their homes.

2. (Law)

Defn: A species of mixed action, which lies for the recovery of possession of real property, and damages and costs for the wrongful withholding of it. Wharton.

EJECTOR E*ject"or, n.

1. One who, or that which, ejects or dispossesses.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A jet jump for lifting water or withdrawing air from a space. Ejector condenser (Steam Engine), a condenser in which the vacuum is maintained by a jet pump.

EJOO E"joo, n. Etym: [Malay ij or hij.]

Defn: Gomuti fiber. See Gomuti.

EJULATION Ej`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. ejulatio, fr. ejulare to wail, lament.]

Defn: A wailing; lamentation. [Obs.] "Ejulation in the pangs of death." Philips.

EKABOR; EKABORON Ek"a*bor`, Ek"a*bo"ron, n. Etym: [G., fr. Skr. one + G. bor, boron, E. boron.] (Chem.)

Defn: The name given by Mendelejeff in accordance with the periodic law, and by prediction, to a hypothetical element then unknown, but since discovered and named scandium; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of the boron group. See Scandium.

EKALUMINIUM Ek*al`u*min"i*um, n. Etym: [Skr. one + E. aluminium.] (Chem.)

Defn: The name given to a hypothetical element, -- later discovered and called gallium. See Gallium, and cf. Ekabor.

EKASILICON Ek`a*sil"i*con, n. Etym: [Skr. one + E. silicon.] (Chem.)

Defn: The name of a hypothetical element predicted and afterwards discovered and named germanium; -- so called because it was a missing analogue of the silicon group. See Germanium, and cf. Ekkabor.

EKE Eke, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eked; p. pr. & vb. n. Eking.] Etym: [AS. ekan, ykan; akin to OFries, aka, OS. , OHG. ouhhon to add, Icel. auka to increase, Sw. öka, Dan. öge, Goth. aukan, L. augere, Skr. strength, ugra mighty, and probably to English wax, v. i. Cf. Augment, Nickname.]

Defn: To increase; to add to; to augment; -- now commonly used with out, the notion conveyed being to add to, or piece out by a laborious, inferior, or scanty addition; as, to eke out a scanty supply of one kind with some other. "To eke my pain." Spenser. He eked out by his wits an income of barely fifty pounds. Macaulay.

EKE Eke, adv. Etym: [AS. eác; akin to OFries. ák, OS. , D. , OHG. ouh, G. auch, Icel. auk, Sw. och and, Dan. og, Goth. auk for, but. Prob. from the preceding verb.]

Defn: In addition; also; likewise. [Obs. or Archaic] 'T will be prodigious hard to prove That this is eke the throne of love. Prior. A trainband captain eke was he Of famous London town. Cowper.

Note: Eke serves less to unite than to render prominent a subjoined more important sentence or notion. Mätzner.

EKE Eke, n.

Defn: An addition. [R.] Clumsy ekes that may well be spared. Geddes.

EKEBERGITE Ek"e*berg`ite, n. Etym: [From Ekeberg, a German.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of scapolite.

EKENAME Eke"name`, n. Etym: [See Nickname.]

Defn: An additional or epithet name; a nickname. [Obs.]

EKING Ek"ing, n. Etym: [From Eke, v. t.] (Shipbuilding) (a) A lengthening or filling piece to make good a deficiency in length. (b) The carved work under the quarter piece at the aft part of the quarter gallery. [Written also eiking.]

E-LA E"-la`, n.

Defn: Originally, the highest note in the scale of Guido; hence, proverbially, any extravagant saying. "Why, this is above E-la!" Beau. & Fl.

ELABORATE E*lab"o*rate, a. Etym: [L. elaboratus, p. p. of elaborare to work out; e out + laborare to labor, labor labor. See Labor.]

Defn: Wrought with labor; finished with great care; studied; executed with exactness or painstaking; as, an elaborate discourse; an elaborate performance; elaborate research. Drawn to the life in each elaborate page. Waller.

Syn. -- Labored; complicated; studied; perfected; high-wrought. -- E*lab"o*rate*ly, adv. -- E*lab"o*rate*ness, n.

ELABORATE E*lab"o*rate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elaborated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elaborating.]

1. To produce with labor They in full joy elaborate a sigh, Young.

2. To perfect with painstaking; to improve or refine with labor and study, or by successive operations; as, to elaborate a painting or a literary work. The sap is . . . still more elaborated and exalted as it circulates through the vessels of the plant. Arbuthnot.

ELABORATED elaborated adj.

Defn: developed or executed with care and in minute detail; as, the carefully elaborated theme. Syn. -- detailed, elaborate. [WordNet 1.5]

ELABORATION E*lab`o*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. elaboratio: cf. F. élaboration.]

1. The act or process of producing or refining with labor; improvement by successive operations; refinement.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The natural process of formation or assimilation, performed by the living organs in animals and vegetables, by which a crude substance is changed into something of a higher order; as, the elaboration of food into chyme; the elaboration of chyle, or sap, or tissues.

ELABORATIVE E*lab"o*ra*tive, a.

Defn: Serving or tending to elaborate; constructing with labor and minute attention to details. Elaborative faculty (Metaph.), the intellectual power of discerning relations and of viewing objects by means of, or in, relations; the discursive faculty; thought.

ELABORATOR E*lab"o*ra`tor, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, elaborates.

ELABORATORY E*lab"o*ra*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to elaborate.

ELABORATORY E*lab"o*ra*to*ry, n.

Defn: A laboratory. [Obs.]

ELAEAGNUS E`læ*ag"nus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs or small trees, having the foliage covered with small silvery scales; oleaster.

ELAEIS E*læ"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of palms.

Note: Elæis Guineensis, the African oil palm, is a tree twenty or thirty feet high, with immense pinnate leaves and large masses of fruit. The berries are rather larger than olives, and when boiled in water yield the orange-red palm oil.

ELAEOLITE E*læ"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of hephelite, usually massive, of greasy luster, and gray to reddish color. Elæolite syenite, a kind of syenite characterized by the presence of elæolite.

ELAEOPTENE E`læ*op"tene, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: The more liquid or volatile portion of certain oily substance, as distinguished from stearoptene, the more solid parts. [Written also elaoptene.]

ELAIDATE E*la"i*date, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of elaidic acid.

ELAIDIC E`la*id"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. élaïdique. See Elaine.]

Defn: Relating to oleic acid, or elaine. Elaidic acid (Chem.), a fatty acid isomeric with oleic acid, and obtained from it by the

## action of nitrous acid.

ELAIDIN E*la"i*din, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élaïdine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A solid isomeric modification of olein.

ELAINE; ELAIN E*la"ine, or E*la"in, n. Etym: [Gr. élaïne.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Olein.

ELAIODIC E`lai*od"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Derived from castor oil; ricinoleic; as, elaiodic acid. [R.]

ELAIOMETER E`lai*om"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.] (Chem.)

Defn: An apparatus for determining the amount of oil contained in any substance, or for ascertaining the degree of purity of oil.

ELAMITE E"lam*ite, n.

Defn: A dweller in Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom of Southwestern Asia, afterwards a province of Persia.

ELAMPING E*lamp"ing, a. Etym: [See Lamp.]

Defn: Shining. [Obs.] G. Fletcher.

ELAN e`lan", b. Etym: [F., fr. élancer to dart.]

Defn: Ardor inspired by passion or enthusiasm.

ELANCE E*lance", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Elancing.] Etym: [F. élancer, OF. eslancier; pref. es- (L. ex) + F. lancer to dart, throw, fr. lance.]

Defn: To throw as a lance; to hurl; to dart. [R.] While thy unerring hand elanced . . . a dart. Prior.

ELAND E"land, n. Etym: [D. eland elk, of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. jelen stag, Russ. oléne, Lith. elnis; perh. akin to E. elk.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of large South African antelope (Oreas canna). It is valued both for its hide and flesh, and is rapidly disappearing in the settled districts; -- called also Cape elk.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The elk or moose.

ELANET E*la"net, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A kite of the genus Elanus.

ELAOLITE E*la"o*lite, n. (Min.)

Defn: See Elæolite.

ELAOPTENE E`la*op"tene, n. (Chem.)

Defn: See Elæoptene.

ELAPHINE El"a*phine, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, resembling, or characteristic of, the stag, or Cervus elaphus.

ELAPHURE El"a*phure, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of deer (Elaphurus Davidianus) found in china. It about four feet high at the shoulder and has peculiar antlers.

ELAPIDATION E*lap`i*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. elapidatus cleared from stones; e out + lapis stone.]

Defn: A clearing away of stones. [R.]

ELAPINE El"a*pine, a. Etym: [See Elaps.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Like or pertaining to the Elapidæ, a family of poisonous serpents, including the cobras. See Ophidia.

ELAPS E"laps, n. Etym: [NL., of uncertain origin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of venomous snakes found both in America and the Old World. Many species are known. See Coral snake, under Coral.

ELAPSE E*lapse", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Elapsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Elapsing.] Etym: [L. elapsus, p. p. of elabi to glide away; e out + labi to fall, slide. See Lapse.]

Defn: To slip or glide away; to pass away silently, as time; -- used chiefly in reference to time. Eight days elapsed; at length a pilgrim came. Hoole.

ELAPSION E*lap"sion, n.

Defn: The act of elapsing. [R.]

ELAQUEATE E*la"que*ate, v. t. Etym: [L. elaqueatus, p. p. of elaqueare to unfetter.]

Defn: To disentangle. [R.]

ELASIPODA El`a*sip"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of holothurians mostly found in the deep sea. They are remarkable for their bilateral symmetry and curious forms. [Written also Elasmopoda.]

ELASMOBRANCH E*las"mo*branch, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Elasmobranchii. -- n.

Defn: One of the Elasmobranchii.

ELASMOBRANCHIATE E*las`mo*bran"chi*ate, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to Elasmobranchii. -- n.

Defn: One of the Elasmobranchii.

ELASMOBRANCHII E*las`mo*bran"chi*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. branchia a gill.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A subclass of fishes, comprising the sharks, the rays, and the Chimæra. The skeleton is mainly cartilaginous.

ELASMOSAURUS E*las`mo*sau"rus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct, long-necked, marine, cretaceous reptile from Kansas, allied to Plesiosaurus.

ELASTIC E*las"tic, a. Etym: [Formed fr. Gr. alacer lively, brisk, and E. alacrity: cf. F. élastique.]

1. Springing back; having a power or inherent property of returning to the form from which a substance is bent, drawn, pressed, or twisted; springy; having the power of rebounding; as, a bow is elastic; the air is elastic; India rubber is elastic. Capable of being drawn out by force like a piece of elastic gum, and by its own elasticity returning, when the force is removed, to its former position. Paley.

2. Able to return quickly to a former state or condition, after being depressed or overtaxed; having power to recover easily from shocks and trials; as, elastic spirits; an elastic constitution. Elastic bitumen. (Min.) See Elaterite. -- Elastic curve. (a) (Geom.) The curve made by a thin elastic rod fixed horizontally at one end and loaded at the other. (b) (Mech.) The figure assumed by the longitudinal axis of an originally straight bar under any system of bending forces. Rankine. -- Elastic fluids, those which have the property of expanding in all directions on the removal of external pressure, as the air, steam, and other gases and vapors. -- Elastic limit (Mech.), the limit of distortion, by bending, stretching, etc., that a body can undergo and yet return to its original form when relieved from stress; also, the unit force or stress required to produce this distortion. Within the elastic limit the distortion is directly proportional to the stress producing it. -- Elastic tissue (Anat.), a variety of connective tissue consisting of a network of slender and very elastic fibers which are but slightly affected by acids or alkalies. -- Gum elastic, caoutchouc.

ELASTIC E*las"tic, n.

Defn: An elastic woven fabric, as a belt, braces or suspenders, etc., made in part of India rubber. [Colloq.]

ELASTICAL E*las"tic*al, a.

Defn: Elastic. [R.] Bentley.

ELASTICALLY E*las"tic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an elastic manner; by an elastic power; with a spring.

ELASTICITY E`las*tic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élasticité.]

1. The quality of being elastic; the inherent property in bodies by which they recover their former figure or dimensions, after the removal of external pressure or altering force; springiness; tendency to rebound; as, the elasticity of caoutchouc; the elasticity of the air.

2. Power of resistance to, or recovery from, depression or overwork. Coefficient of elasticity, the quotient of a stress (of a given kind), by the strain (of a given kind) which it produces; -- called also coefficient of resistance. -- Surface of elasticity (Geom.), the pedal surface of an ellipsoid (see Pedal); a surface used in explaining the phenomena of double refraction and their relation to the elastic force of the luminous ether in crystalline media.

ELASTICNESS E*las"tic*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being elastic; elasticity.

ELASTIN E*las"tin, n. Etym: [Elastic + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A nitrogenous substance, somewhat resembling albumin, which forms the chemical basis of elastic tissue. It is very insoluble in most fluids, but is gradually dissolved when digested with either pepsin or trypsin.

ELATE E*late", a. Etym: [L. elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure, perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out + latus (used as p. p. of ferre to bear), for tlatus, and akin to E. tolerate. See Tolerate, and cf. Extol.]

1. Lifted up; raised; elevated. With upper lip elate. Fenton. And sovereign law, that State's collected will, O'er thrones and globes, elate, Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill. Sir W. Jones.

2. Having the spirits raised by success, or by hope; flushed or exalted with confidence; elated; exultant. O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate, Too soon dejected, and dejected, and too soon elate. Pope. Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own esteem, wonderfully elate at its progress. Mrs. H. H. Jackson.

Syn. -- Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted; inspirited; transported; delighted; overjoyed.

ELATE E*late", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elating.]

1. To raise; to exalt. [R.] By the potent sun elated high. Thomson.

2. To exalt the spirit of; to fill with confidence or exultation; to elevate or flush with success; to puff up; to make proud. Foolishly elated by spiritual pride. Warburton. You ought not be elated at the chance mishaps of your enemies. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

ELATEDLY E*lat"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: With elation.

ELATEDNESS E*lat"ed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being elated.

ELATER E*lat"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, elates.

ELATER El"a*ter, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: An elastic spiral filament for dispersing the spores, as in some liverworts.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any beetle of the family Elateridæ, having the habit, when laid on the back, of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick movement of the articulation between the abdomen and thorax; -- called also click beetle, spring beetle, and snapping beetle.

3. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The caudal spring used by Podura and related insects for leaping. See Collembola.

ELATER El"a*ter, n. (Chem.)

Defn: The active principle of elaterium, being found in the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium agreste, formerly Motordica Elaterium) and other related species. It is extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance, which is a violent purgative.

ELATERITE El"a*ter*ite, n. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral resin, of a blackish brown color, occurring in soft, flexible masses; -- called also mineral caoutchouc, and elastic bitumen.

ELATERIUM El`a*te"ri*um, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Elater.]

Defn: A cathartic substance obtained, in the form of yellowish or greenish cakes, as the dried residue of the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium agreste, formerly called Momordica Elaterium).

ELATEROMETER El`a*ter*om"e*ter, n.

Defn: Same as Elatrometer.

ELATERY El"a*ter*y, n. Etym: [See 2d Elater.]

Defn: Acting force; elasticity. [Obs.] Ray.

ELATION E*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. elatio. See Elate.]

Defn: A lifting up by success; exaltation; inriation with pride of prosperity. "Felt the elation of triumph." Sir W. Scott.

ELATIVE E*la"tive, a. (Gram.)

Defn: Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what is also called the absolute superlative, denoting a high or intense degree of a quality, but not excluding the idea that an equal degree may exist in other cases.

ELATROMETER El`a*trom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the degree of rarefaction of air contained in the receiver of an air pump. [Spelt also elaterometer.]

ELAYL E*la"yl, n. Etym: [Gr. yl.] (Chem.)

Defn: Olefiant gas or ethylene; -- so called by Berzelius from its forming an oil combining with chlorine. [Written also elayle.] See Ethylene.

ELBOW El"bow, n. Etym: [AS. elboga, elnboga (akin to D. elleboga, OHG. elinbogo, G. ellbogen, ellenbogen, Icel. ; prop.; arm-bend); eln ell (orig., forearm) + boga a bending. See 1st Ell, and 4th Bow.]

1. The joint or bend of the arm; the outer curve in the middle of the arm when bent. Her arms to the elbows naked. R. of Gloucester.

2. Any turn or bend like that of the elbow, in a wall, building, and the like; a sudden turn in a line of coast or course of a river; also, an angular or jointed part of any structure, as the raised arm of a chair or sofa, or a short pipe fitting, turning at an angle or bent.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: A sharp angle in any surface of wainscoting or other woodwork; the upright sides which flank any paneled work, as the sides of windows, where the jamb makes an elbow with the window back. Gwilt.

Note: Elbow is used adjectively or as part of a compound, to denote something shaped like, or acting like, an elbow; as, elbow joint; elbow tongs or elbow-tongs; elbowroom, elbow-room, or elbow room. At the elbow, very near; at hand. -- Elbow grease, energetic application of force in manual labor. [Low] -- Elbow in the hawse (Naut.), the twisting together of two cables by which a vessel rides at anchor, caused by swinging completely round once. Totten. -- Elbow scissors (Surg.), scissors bent in the blade or shank for convenience in cutting. Knight. -- Out at elbow, with coat worn through at the elbows; shabby; in needy circumstances.

ELBOW El"bow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elbowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Elbowing.]

Defn: To push or hit with the elbow, as when one pushes by another. They [the Dutch] would elbow our own aldermen off the Royal Exchange. Macaulay. To elbow one's way, to force one's way by pushing with the elbows; as, to elbow one's way through a crowd.

ELBOW El"bow, v. i.

1. To jut into an angle; to project or to bend after the manner of an elbow.

2. To push rudely along; to elbow one's way. "Purseproud, elbowing Insolence." Grainger.

ELBOWBOARD El"bow*board`, n.

Defn: The base of a window casing, on which the elbows may rest.

ELBOWCHAIR El"bow*chair`, n.

Defn: A chair with arms to support the elbows; an armchair. Addison.

ELBOWROOM El"bow*room`, n.

Defn: Room to extend the elbows on each side; ample room for motion or action; free scope. "My soul hath elbowroom." Shak. Then came a stretch of grass and a little more elbowroom. W. G. Norris.

ELCAJA El*ca"ja, n. Etym: [Ar.] (Bot.)

Defn: An Arabian tree (Trichilia emetica). The fruit, which is emetic, is sometimes employed in the composition of an ointment for the cure of the itch.

ELCESAITE El*ce"sa*ite, n. Etym: [From Elcesai, the leader of the sect.] (Eccl.)

Defn: One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the Emperor Trajan.

ELD Eld, a. Etym: [AS. eald.]

Defn: Old. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ELD Eld, n. Etym: [AS. yldu, yldo, eldo, old age, fr. ald, eald, old. See Old.]

1. Age; esp., old age. [Obs. or Archaic] As sooth is said, eelde hath great avantage. Chaucer. Great Nature, ever young, yet full of eld. Spenser.

2. Old times; former days; antiquity. [Poetic] Astrologers and men of eld. Longfellow.

ELD Eld, v. i.

Defn: To age; to grow old. [Obs.]

ELD Eld, v. t.

Defn: To make old or ancient. [Obs.] Time, that eldeth all things. Rom. of R.

ELDER Eld"er, a. Etym: [AS. yldra, compar. of eald old. See Old.]

1. Older; more aged, or existing longer. Let the elder men among us emulate their own earlier deeds. Jowett (Thucyd. )

2. Born before another; prior in years; senior; earlier; older; as, his elder brother died in infancy; -- opposed to Ant: younger, and now commonly applied to a son, daughter, child, brother, etc. The elder shall serve the younger. Gen. xxv. 23. But ask of elder days, earth's vernal hour. Keble. Elder hand (Card Playing), the hand playing, or having the right to play, first. Hoyle.

ELDER Eld"er, n. Etym: [AS. ealdor an elder, prince, fr. eald old. See Old, and cf. Elder, a., Alderman.]

1. One who is older; a superior in age; a senior. 1 Tim. v. 1.

2. An aged person; one who lived at an earlier period; a predecessor. Carry your head as your elders have done. L'Estrange.

3. A person who, on account of his age, occupies the office of ruler or judge; hence, a person occupying any office appropriate to such as have the experience and dignity which age confers; as, the elders of Israel; the elders of the synagogue; the elders in the apostolic church.

Note: In the modern Presbyterian churches, elders are lay officers who, with the minister, compose the church session, with authority to inspect and regulate matters of religion and discipline. In some churches, pastors or clergymen are called elders, or presbyters.

4. (M. E. Ch.)

Defn: A clergyman authorized to administer all the sacraments; as, a traveling elder. Presiding elder (Meth. Ch.), an elder commissioned by a bishop to have the oversight of the churches and preachers in a certain district. -- Ruling elder, a lay presbyter or member of a Presbyterian church session. Schaff.

ELDER El"der, n. Etym: [OE. ellern, eller, AS. ellen, cf. LG. elloorn; perh. akin to OHG. holantar, holuntar, G. holunder; or perh. to E. alder, n.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs (Sambucus) having broad umbels of white flowers, and small black or red berries.

Note: The common North American species is Sambucus Canadensis; the common European species (S. nigra) forms a small tree. The red- berried elder is S. pubens. The berries are diaphoretic and aperient. Box elder. See under 1st Box. -- Dwarf elder. See Danewort. -- Elder tree. (Bot.) Same as Elder. Shak. -- Marsh elder, the cranberry tree Viburnum Opulus).

ELDERBERRY El"der*ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The berrylike drupe of the elder. That of the Old World elder (Sambucus nigra) and that of the American sweet elder (S. Canadensis) are sweetish acid, and are eaten as a berry or made into wine.

ELDERISH Eld"er*ish, a.

Defn: Somewhat old; elderly. [R.]

ELDERLY Eld"er*ly, a.

Defn: Somewhat old; advanced beyond middle age; bordering on old age; as, elderly people.

ELDERN El"dern, a.

Defn: Made of elder. [Obs.] He would discharge us as boys do eldern guns. Marston.

ELDERSHIP Eld"er*ship, n.

1. The state of being older; seniority. "Paternity an eldership." Sir W. Raleigh.

2. Office of an elder; collectively, a body of elders.

ELDERWORT El"der*wort`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Danewort.

ELDEST Eld"est, a. Etym: [AS. yldest, superl. of eald old. See Elder, a.]

1. Oldest; longest in duration. Shak.

2. Born or living first, or before the others, as a son, daughter, brother, etc.; first in origin. See Elder. "My lady's eldest son." Shak. Their eldest historians are of suspected credit. Bp. Stillingfleet. Eldest hand (Card Playing), the player on the dealer's left hand. R. A. Proctor.

ELDING El"ding, n. Etym: [Icel. elding, fr. elda to kindle, eldr fire; akin to AS. æld fire, ælan to burn.]

Defn: Fuel. [Prov. Eng.] Grose.

EL DORADO El` Do*ra"do, pl. El Doradoes (. Etym: [Sp., lit., the gilt (sc. land); el the + dorado gilt, p. p. of dorare to gild. Cf. Dorado.]

1. A name given by the Spaniards in the 16th century to an imaginary country in the interior of South America, reputed to abound in gold and precious stones.

2. Any region of fabulous wealth; exceeding richness. The whole comedy is a sort of El Dorado of wit. T. Moore.

ELDRITCH El"dritch, a.

Defn: Hideous; ghastly; as, an eldritch shriek or laugh. [Local, Eng.]

ELEATIC E`le*at"ic, a. Etym: [L. eleaticus, from Elea (or Velia) in Italy.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a certain school of Greek philosophers who taught that the only certain science is that which owes nothing to the senses, and all to the reason. -- n.

Defn: A philosopher of the Eleatic school.

ELEATICISM E`le*at"i*cism, n.

Defn: The Eleatic doctrine.

ELECAMPANE El`e*cam*pane", n. Etym: [F. énulecampane, NL. inula campana; L. inula elecampane + LL. campana a bell; cf. G. glockenwurz, i. e., "bellwort."]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: A large, coarse herb (Inula Helenium), with composite yellow flowers. The root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, and was formerly of much repute as a stomachic.

2. A sweetmeat made from the root of the plant.

ELECT E*lect", a. Etym: [L. electus, p. p. of eligere to elect; e out + legere to choose. See Legend, and cf. Elite, Eclectic.]

1. Chosen; taken by preference from among two or more. "Colors quaint elect." Spenser.

2. (Theol.)

Defn: Chosen as the object of mercy or divine favor; set apart to eternal life. "The elect angels." 1 Tim. v. 21.

3. Chosen to an office, but not yet actually inducted into it; as, bishop elect; governor or mayor elect.

ELECT E*lect", n.

1. One chosen or set apart. Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth. Is. xlii. 1.

2. pl. (Theol.)

Defn: Those who are chosen for salvation. Shall not God avenge his won elect Luke xviii. 7.

ELECT E*lect", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elected; p. pr. & vb. n. Electing.]

1. To pick out; to select; to choose. The deputy elected by the Lord. Shak.

2. To select or take for an office; to select by vote; as, to elect a representative, a president, or a governor.

3. (Theol.)

Defn: To designate, choose, or select, as an object of mercy or favor.

Syn. -- To choose; prefer; select. See Choose.

ELECTANT E*lect"ant, n. Etym: [L. electans, p. pr. of electare.]

Defn: One who has the power of choosing; an elector. [R.]

ELECTARY E*lec"ta*ry, n. (Med.)

Defn: See Electuary.

ELECTIC E*lec"tic, a.

Defn: See Eclectic.

ELECTICISM E*lec"ti*cism, n.

Defn: See Eclecticism.

ELECTION E*lec"tion, n. Etym: [F. élection, L. electio, fr. eligere to choose out. See Elect, a.]

1. The act of choosing; choice; selection.

2. The act of choosing a person to fill an office, or to membership in a society, as by ballot, uplifted hands, or viva voce; as, the election of a president or a mayor. Corruption in elections is the great enemy of freedom. J. Adams.

3. Power of choosing; free will; liberty to choose or act. "By his own election led to ill." Daniel.

4. Discriminating choice; discernment. [Obs.] To use men with much difference and election is good. Bacon.

5. (Theol.)

Defn: Divine choice; predestination of individuals as objects of mercy and salvation; -- one of the "five points" of Calvinism. There is a remnant according to the election of grace. Rom. xi. 5.

6. (Law)

Defn: The choice, made by a party, of two alternatives, by taking one of which, the chooser is excluded from the other.

7. Those who are elected. [Obs.] The election hath obtained it. Rom. xi. 7. To contest an election. See under Contest. -- To make one's election, to choose. He has made his election to walk, in the main, in the old paths. Fitzed. Hall.

ELECTIONEER E*lec`tion*eer", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Electionered; p. pr. & vb. n. Electioneering.]

Defn: To make interest for a candidate at an election; to use arts for securing the election of a candidate. A master of the whole art of electioneering. Macaulay.

ELECTIONEERER E*lec`tion*eer"er, n.

Defn: One who electioneers.

ELECTIVE E*lect"ive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. électif.]

1. Exerting the power of choice; selecting; as, an elective act.

2. Pertaining to, or consisting in, choice, or right of choosing; electoral. The independent use of their elective franchise. Bancroft.

3. Dependent on choice; bestowed or passing by election; as, an elective study; an elective office. Kings of Rome were at first elective; . . . for such are the conditions of an elective kingdom. Dryden. Elective affinity or attraction (Chem.), a tendency to unite with certain things; chemism.

ELECTIVE E*lect"ive, n.

Defn: In an American college, an optional study or course of study. [Colloq.]

ELECTIVELY E*lect"ive*ly, adv.

Defn: In an elective manner; by choice.

ELECTOR E*lect"or, n. Etym: [L., fr. eligere: cf. F. électeur.]

1. One who elects, or has the right of choice; a person who is entitled to take part in an election, or to give his vote in favor of a candidate for office.

2. Hence, specifically, in any country, a person legally qualified to vote.

3. In the old German empire, one of the princes entitled to choose the emperor.

4. One of the persons chosen, by vote of the people in the United States, to elect the President and Vice President.

ELECTOR E*lect"or, a. Etym: [Cf. F. électoral.]

Defn: Pertaining to an election or to electors. In favor of the electoral and other princes. Burke. Electoral college, the body of princes formerly entitled to elect the Emperor of Germany; also, a name sometimes given, in the United States, to the body of electors chosen by the people to elect the President and Vice President.

ELECTORALITY E*lect`or*al"i*ty, n.

Defn: The territory or dignity of an elector; electorate. [R.] Sir H. Wotton.

ELECTORATE E*lect"or*ate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. électorat.]

1. The territory, jurisdiction, or dignity of an elector, as in the old German empire.

2. The whole body of persons in a nation or state who are entitled to vote in an election, or any distinct class or division of them. The middle-class electorate of Great Britain. M. Arnold.

ELECTORESS E*lect"or*ess, n. Etym: [Fem. of Elector.]

Defn: An electress. Bp. Burnet.

ELECTORIAL E`lec*to"ri*al, a.

Defn: Electoral. Burke.

ELECTORSHIP E*lect"or*ship, n.

Defn: The office or status of an elector.

ELECTRE; ELECTER E*lec"tre, E*lec"ter, n. Etym: [L. electrum: cf. F. électre mixture of gold and silver. See Electrum.]

1. Amber. See Electrum. [Obs.]

2. A metallic substance compounded of gold and silver; an alloy. [Obs.] Wyclif.

ELECTREPETER E`lec*trep"e*ter, n. Etym: [Electro + Gr.

Defn: An instrument used to change the direction of electric currents; a commutator. [R.]

ELECTRESS E*lect"ress, n. Etym: [Cf. F. électrice. Cf. Electoress.]

Defn: The wife or widow of an elector in the old German empire. Burke.

ELECTRIC; ELECTRICAL E*lec"tric, E*lec"tric*al, a. Etym: [L. electrum amber, a mixed metal, Gr. arc to beam, shine: cf. F. électrique. The name came from the production of electricity by the friction of amber.]

1. Pertaining to electricity; consisting of, containing, derived from, or produced by, electricity; as, electric power or virtue; an electric jar; electric effects; an electric spark.

2. Capable of occasioning the phenomena of electricity; as, an electric or electrical machine or substance.

3. Electrifying; thrilling; magnetic. "Electric Pindar." Mrs. Browning. Electric atmosphere, or Electric aura. See under Aura. -- Electrical battery. See Battery. -- Electrical brush. See under Brush. -- Electric cable. See Telegraph cable, under Telegraph. -- Electric candle. See under Candle. -- Electric cat (Zoöl.), one of three or more large species of African catfish of the genus Malapterurus (esp. M. electricus of the Nile). They have a large electrical organ and are able to give powerful shocks; -- called also sheathfish. -- Electric clock. See under Clock, and see Electro-chronograph. -- Electric current, a current or stream of electricity traversing a closed circuit formed of conducting substances, or passing by means of conductors from one body to another which is in a different electrical state. -- Electric, or Electrical, eel (Zoöl.), a South American eel-like fresh-water fish of the genus Gymnotus (G. electricus), from two to five feet in length, capable of giving a violent electric shock. See Gymnotus. -- Electrical fish (Zoöl.), any fish which has an electrical organ by means of which it can give an electrical shock. The best known kinds are the torpedo, the gymnotus, or electrical eel, and the electric cat. See Torpedo, and Gymnotus. -- Electric fluid, the supposed matter of electricity; lightning. -- Electrical image (Elec.), a collection of electrical points regarded as forming, by an analogy with optical phenomena, an image of certain other electrical points, and used in the solution of electrical problems. Sir W. Thomson. -- Electrical light, the light produced by a current of electricity which in passing through a resisting medium heats it to incandescence or burns it. See under Carbon. -- Electric, or Electrical, machine, an apparatus for generating, collecting, or exciting, electricity, as by friction. -- Electric motor. See Electro-motor,

2. -- Electric osmose. (Physics) See under Osmose. -- Electric pen, a hand pen for making perforated stencils for multiplying writings. It has a puncturing needle driven at great speed by a very small magneto-electric engine on the penhandle. -- Electric railway, a railway in which the machinery for moving the cars is driven by an electric current. -- Electric ray (Zoöl.), the torpedo. -- Electric telegraph. See Telegraph.

ELECTRIC E*lec"tric, n. (Physics)

Defn: A nonconductor of electricity, as amber, glass, resin, etc., employed to excite or accumulate electricity.

ELECTRICALLY E*lec"tric*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of electricity, or by means of it; thrillingly.

ELECTRICALNESS E*lec"tric*al*ness, a.

Defn: The state or quality of being electrical.

ELECTRICIAN E`lec*tri"cian, n.

Defn: An investigator of electricity; one versed in the science of electricity.

ELECTRICITY E`lec*tric"i*ty, n.; pl. Electricities. Etym: [Cf. F. électricité. See Electric.]

1. A power in nature, a manifestation of energy, exhibiting itself when in disturbed equilibrium or in activity by a circuit movement, the fact of direction in which involves polarity, or opposition of properties in opposite directions; also, by attraction for many substances, by a law involving attraction between surfaces of unlike polarity, and repulsion between those of like; by exhibiting accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken; and by producing heat, light, concussion, and often chemical changes when the circuit passes between the poles or through any imperfectly conducting substance or space. It is generally brought into action by any disturbance of molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical, physical, or mechanical, cause.

Note: Electricity is manifested under following different forms: (a) Statical electricity, called also Frictional or Common, electricity, electricity in the condition of a stationary charge, in which the disturbance is produced by friction, as of glass, amber, etc., or by induction. (b) Dynamical electricity, called also Voltaic electricity, electricity in motion, or as a current produced by chemical decomposition, as by means of a voltaic battery, or by mechanical action, as by dynamo-electric machines. (c) Thermoelectricity, in which the disturbing cause is heat (attended possibly with some chemical action). It is developed by uniting two pieces of unlike metals in a bar, and then heating the bar unequally. (d) Atmospheric electricity, any condition of electrical disturbance in the atmosphere or clouds, due to some or all of the above mentioned causes. (e) Magnetic electricity, electricity developed by the action of magnets. (f) Positive electricity, the electricity that appears at the positive pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced by friction of glass; -- called also vitreous electricity. (g) Negative electricity, the electricity that appears at the negative pole or cathode, or is produced by the friction of resinous substance; -- called also resinous electricity. (h) Organic electricity, that which is developed in organic structures, either animal or vegetable, the phrase animal electricity being much more common.

2. The science which unfolds the phenomena and laws of electricity; electrical science.

3. Fig.: Electrifying energy or characteristic.

ELECTRIFIABLE E*lec"tri*fi`a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of receiving electricity, or of being charged with it.

ELECTRIFICATION E*lec`tri*fi*ca"tion, n. (Physics)

Defn: The act of electrifying, or the state of being charged with electricity.

ELECTRIFY E*lec"tri*fy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrified; p. pr. & vb. n. Electrifying.] Etym: [Electric + -fy.]

1. To communicate electricity to; to charge with electricity; as, to electrify a jar.

2. To cause electricity to pass through; to affect by electricity; to give an electric shock to; as, to electrify a limb, or the body.

3. To excite suddenly and violently, esp. by something highly delightful or inspiriting; to thrill; as, this patriotic sentiment electrified the audience. If the sovereign were now to immure a subject in defiance of the writ of habeas corpus . . . the whole nation would be instantly electrified by the news. Macaulay. Try whether she could electrify Mr. Grandcourt by mentioning it to him at table. G. Eliot.

ELECTRIFY E*lec"tri*fy, v. i.

Defn: To become electric.

ELECTRINE E*lec"trine, a. Etym: [L. electrinus of amber. See Electric.]

1. Belonging to, or made of, amber.

2. Made of electrum, an alloy used by the ancients.

ELECTRITION E`lec*tri"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The recognition by an animal body of the electrical condition of external objects.

ELECTRIZATION E*lec`tri*za"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. électrisation.]

Defn: The act of electrizing; electrification.

ELECTRIZE E*lec"trize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrized; p. pr. & vb. n. Electrizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. électriser.]

Defn: To electricity. Eng. Cyc.

ELECTRIZER E*lec"tri`zer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, electrizes.

ELECTRO- E*lec"tro-. Etym: [L. electrum amber. See Electric.]

Defn: A prefix or combining form signifying pertaining to electricity, produced by electricity, producing or employing electricity, etc.; as, electro-negative; electro-dynamic; electro- magnet.

ELECTRO E*lec"tro, n.

Defn: An electrotype.

ELECTRO-BALLISTIC E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to electro-ballistics.

ELECTRO-BALLISTICS E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tics, n.

Defn: The art or science of measuring the force or velocity of projectiles by means of electricity.

ELECTRO-BIOLOGIST E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: One versed in electro-biology.

ELECTRO-BIOLOGY E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gy, n. (Biol.)

1. That branch of biology which treats of the electrical phenomena of living organisms.

2. That phase of mesmerism or animal magnetism, the phenomena of which are supposed to be produced by a form of electricity.

ELECTRO-BIOSCOPY E*lec`tro-bi*os"co*py, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. -scopy.] (Biol.)

Defn: A method of determining the presence or absence of life in an animal organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presence or absence of muscular contraction.

ELECTRO-CAPILLARITY E*lec`tro-cap`il*lar"i*ty, n. (Physics)

Defn: The occurrence or production of certain capillary effects by the action of an electrical current or charge.

ELECTRO-CAPILLARY E*lec`tro-cap"il*la*ry, a. (Physics)

Defn: Pert. to, or caused by, electro-capillarity.

ELECTRO-CHEMICAL E*lec`tro-chem"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to electro-chemistry. Ure.

ELECTRO-CHEMISTRY E*lec`tro-chem"is*try, n.

Defn: That branch of science which treats of the relation of electricity to chemical changes.

ELECTRO-CHRONOGRAPH E*lec`tro-chron"o*graph, n. (Astron. Physics)

Defn: An instrument for obtaining an accurate record of the time at which any observed phenomenon occurs, or of its duration. It has an electro-magnetic register connected with a clock. See Chronograph.

ELECTRO-CHRONOGRAPHIC E*lec`tro-chron`o*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Belonging to the electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid of it.

ELECTROCUTE E*lec"tro*cute`, v. t. Etym: [Electro- + cute in execute.]

Defn: To execute or put to death by electricity. -- E*lec`tro*cu"tion, n.

Note: [Recent; Newspaper words]

ELECTRODE E*lec"trode, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. électrode.] (Elec.)

Defn: The path by which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors, leading from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium traversed by the current.

ELECTRO-DYNAMIC; ELECTRO-DYNAMICAL E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic, E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic*al, a. (Physics)

Defn: Pertaining to the movements or force of electric or galvanic currents; dependent on electric force.

ELECTRO-DYNAMICS E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ics, n.

1. The phenomena of electricity in motion.

2. The branch of science which treats of the properties of electric currents; dynamical electricity.

ELECTRO-DYNAMOMETER E*lec`tro-dy`na*mom"e*ter, n.

Defn: An instrument for measuring the strength of electro-dynamic currents.

ELECTRO-ENGRAVING E*lec`tro-en*grav"ing, n.

Defn: The art or process of engraving by means of electricity.

ELECTRO-ETCHING E*lec`tro-etch"ing, n.

Defn: A mode of etching upon metals by electrolytic action.

ELECTROGENESIS E*lec`tro*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Electro- + genesis.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Same as Electrogeny.

ELECTROGENIC E*lec`tro*gen"ic, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to electrogenesis; as, an electrogenic condition.

ELECTROGENY E`lec*trog"e*ny, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: A term sometimes applied to the effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the limbs, when a current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord or nerves.

ELECTRO-GILDING E*lec`tro-gild"ing, n.

Defn: The art or process of gilding copper, iron, etc., by means of voltaic electricity.

ELECTRO-GILT E*lec"tro-gilt`, a.

Defn: Gilded by means of voltaic electricity.

ELECTROGRAPH E*lec"tro*graph, n. Etym: [Electro- + -graph.]

Defn: A mark, record, or tracing, made by the action of electricity.

ELECTROGRAPHIC E*lec`tro*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an electrograph or electrography.

ELECTROGRAPHY E*lec*trog"ra*phy, n.

1. The art or process of making electrographs or using an electrograph.

2. = Galvanography.

ELECTRO-KINETIC E*lec`tro-ki*net"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to electro-kinetics.

ELECTRO-KINETICS E*lec`tro-ki*net"ics, n.

Defn: That branch of electrical science which treats of electricity in motion.

ELECTROLIER E*lec`tro*lier", n. Etym: [Formed from electric in imitation of chandelier.]

Defn: A branching frame, often of ornamental design, to support electric illuminating lamps.

ELECTROLOGY E`lec*trol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Electro- + -logy.]

Defn: That branch of physical science which treats of the phenomena of electricity and its properties.

ELECTROLYSIS E`lec*trol"y*sis, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. (Physics & Chem.)

Defn: The act or process of chemical decomposition, by the action of electricity; as, the electrolysis of silver or nickel for plating; the electrolysis of water.

ELECTROLYTE E*lec"tro*lyte, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. électrolyte.] (Physics & Chem.)

Defn: A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by an electric current.

ELECTROLYTIC; ELECTROLYTICAL E*lec`tro*lyt"ic, E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. électrolytique.]

Defn: Pertaining to electrolysis; as, electrolytic action. -- E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al*ly, adv.

ELECTROLYZABLE E*lec"tro*ly`za*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being electrolyzed, or decomposed by electricity.

ELECTROLYZATION E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or the process of electrolyzing.

ELECTROLYZE E*lec"tro*lyze, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrolyzed; p. pr. & vb. n. Electrolyzing.] Etym: [Cf. F. électrolyser. See Electrolysis.]

Defn: To decompose by the direct action of electricity. Faraday.

ELECTRO-MAGNET E*lec`tro-mag"net, n.

Defn: A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some other magnetic metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily magnetic by being placed within a coil of wire through which a current of electricity is passing. The metal is generally in the form of a bar, either straight, or bent into the shape of a horseshoe.

ELECTRO-MAGNETIC E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic, a.

Defn: Of, Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is developed by the passage of an electric current. Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive force is electro-magnetism. -- Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of transient electric currents moving transversely to the direction of the ray.

ELECTRO-MAGNETISM E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism, n.

Defn: The magnetism developed by a current of electricity; the science which treats of the development of magnetism by means of voltaic electricity, and of the properties or actions of the currents evolved.

ELECTRO-METALLURGY E*lec`tro-met"al*lur`gy, n.

Defn: The act or art precipitating a metal electro-chemical action, by which a coating is deposited, on a prepared surface, as in electroplating and electrotyping; galvanoplasty.

ELECTROMETER E`lec*trom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Electro- + -meter: cf. F. électromètre.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the quantity or intensity of electricity; also, sometimes, and less properly, applied to an instrument which indicates the presence of electricity (usually called an electroscope). Balance electrometer. See under Balance.

ELECTRO-METRIC; ELECTRO-METRICAL E*lec`tro-met"ric, E*lec`tro-met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. électrométrique.]

Defn: Pertaining to electrometry; made by means of electrometer; as, an electrometrical experiment.

ELECTROMETRY E`lec*trom"e*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. électrométrie.] (Physics)

Defn: The art or process of making electrical measurements.

ELECTRO-MOTION E*lec`tro-mo"tion, n.

Defn: The motion of electricity or its passage from one metal to another in a voltaic circuit; mechanical action produced by means of electricity.

ELECTRO-MOTIVE E*lec`tro-mo"tive, a.

Defn: Producing electro-motion; producing, or tending to produce, electricity or an electric current; causing electrical action or effects. Electro-motive force (Physics), the force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an electric current; sometimes used to express the degree of electrification as equivalent to potential, or more properly difference of potential.

ELECTROMOTOR E*lec`tro*mo"tor, n. Etym: [Cf. F. électromoteur.]

1. (Physics)

Defn: A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for generating a current of electricity.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: An apparatus or machine for producing motion and mechanical effects by the action of electricity; an electro-magnetic engine.

ELECTRO-MUSCULAR E*lec`tro-mus"cu*lar, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Pertaining the reaction (contraction) of the muscles under electricity, or their sensibility to it.

ELECTRON E*lec"tron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Electric.]

Defn: Amber; also, the alloy of gold and silver, called electrum.

ELECTRO-NEGATIVE E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive, a. (Chem. & Physics) (a) Having the property of being attracted by an electro-positive body, or a tendency to pass to the positive pole in electrolysis, by the law that opposite electricities attract each other. (b) Negative; nonmetallic; acid; -- opposed to positive, metallic, or basic.

ELECTRO-NEGATIVE E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics)

Defn: A body which passes to the positive pole in electrolysis.

ELECTRONIC E`lec*tron"ic, a. (Physics & Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an electron or electrons.

ELECTROPATHY E`lec*trop"a*thy, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The treatment of disease by electricity.

ELECTROPHONE E*lec"tro*phone, n. Etym: [Electro- + Gr. (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for producing sound by means of electric currents.

ELECTROPHORUS E*lec`troph"o*rus, n.; pl. Electrophori. Etym: [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for exciting electricity, and repeating the charge indefinitely by induction, consisting of a flat cake of resin, shelllac, or ebonite, upon which is placed a plate of metal.

ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGICAL E*lec`tro-phys`i*o*log"ic*al, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Pertaining to electrical results produced through physiological agencies, or by change of action in a living organism.

ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY E*lec`tro-phys`i*ol"o*gy, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: That branch of physiology which treats of electric phenomena produced through physiological agencies.

ELECTROPLATE E*lec"tro*plate`, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electroplating.] (Mech.)

Defn: To plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver, nickel, or gold, by means of electrolysis.

ELECTROPLATER E*lec"tro*pla`ter, n.

Defn: One who electroplates.

ELECTROPLATING E*lec"tro*pla`ting, n.

Defn: The art or process of depositing a coating (commonly) of silver, gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means of electricity.

ELECTROPOION; ELECTROPOION FLUID E*lec`tro*poi"on, n., or Electropoion fluid. [NL.; electro- + Gr. poiw^n, p. pr. of poiei^n to make.] (Elec.)

Defn: An exciting and depolarizing acid solution used in certain cells or batteries, as the Grenet battery. Electropoion is best prepared by mixing one gallon of concentrated sulphuric acid diluted with three gallons of water, with a solution of six pounds of potassium bichromate in two gallons of boiling water. It should be used cold.

ELECTRO-POLAR E*lec`tro-po"lar, a. (Physics)

Defn: Possessing electrical polarity; positively electrified at one end, or on one surface, and negatively at the other; -- said of a conductor.

ELECTRO-POSITIVE E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive, a.

1. (Physics)

Defn: Of such a nature relatively to some other associated body or bodies, as to tend to the negative pole of a voltaic battery, in electrolysis, while the associated body tends to the positive pole; - - the converse or correlative of electro-negative.

Note: An element that is electro-positive in one compound may be electro-negative in another, and vice versa.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: Hence: Positive; metallic; basic; -- distinguished from negative, nonmetallic, or acid.

ELECTRO-POSITIVE E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics)

Defn: A body which passes to the negative pole in electrolysis.

ELECTRO-PUNCTURATION; ELECTRO-PUNCTURING E*lec`tro-punc`tu*ra"tion, E*lec`tro-punc`tur*ing, n. (Med.)

Defn: See Electropuncture.

ELECTRO-PUNCTURE E*lec`tro-punc`ture, n. (Med.)

Defn: An operation that consists in inserting needless in the part affected, and connecting them with the poles of a galvanic apparatus.

ELECTROSCOPE E*lec"tro*scope, n. Etym: [Electro- + -scope: cf. F. électroscope.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or changes in the electric state of bodies, or the species of electricity present, as by means of pith balls, and the like. Condensing electroscope (Physics), a form of electroscope in which an increase of sensibility is obtained by the use of a condenser.

ELECTROSCOPIC E*lec`tro*scop"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to, or made by means of, the electroscope.

ELECTROSTATIC E*lec`tro*stat"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to electrostatics.

ELECTROSTATICS E*lec`tro*stat"ics, n. (Physics)

Defn: That branch of science which treats of statical electricity or electric force in a state of rest.

ELECTRO-STEREOTYPE E*lec`tro-ste"re*o*type, n.

Defn: Same as Electrotype.

ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHIC E*lec`tro-tel`e*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the electric telegraph, or by means of it.

ELECTRO-TELEGRAPHY E*lec`tro-te*leg"ra*phy, n.

Defn: The art or science of constructing or using the electric telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of the electric telegraph.

ELECTRO-THERAPEUTICS E*lec`tro-ther`a*peu"tics, n. (Med.)

Defn: The branch of medical science which treats of the applications agent.

ELECTRO-THERMANCY E*lec`tro-ther"man*cy, n.

Defn: That branch of electrical science which treats of the effect of an electric current upon the temperature of a conductor, or a part of a circuit composed of two different metals.

ELECTRO-TINT E*lec"tro-tint`, n. (Fine Arts)

Defn: A style of engraving in relief by means of voltaic electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate with some material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in electro-typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc., receive a deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A cast of this is then the plate for printing.

ELECTROTONIC E*lec`tro*ton"ic, a.

1. (Physics)

Defn: Of or pertaining to electrical tension; -- said of a supposed peculiar condition of a conducting circuit during its exposure to the

## action of another conducting circuit traversed by a uniform electric

current when both circuits remain stationary. Faraday.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to electrotonus; as, the electrotonic condition of a nerve.

ELECTROTONIZE E`lec*trot"o*nize, v. t. (Physiol.)

Defn: To cause or produce electrotonus.

ELECTROTONOUS E`lec*trot"o*nous, a.

Defn: Electrotonic.

ELECTROTONUS E`lec*trot"o*nus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current of electricity passes through any part of it. See Anelectrotonus, and Catelectrotonus.

ELECTROTYPE E*lec"tro*type, n. Etym: [Electro- + -type.]

Defn: A facsimile plate made by electrotypy for use in printing; also, an impression or print from such plate. Also used adjectively.

Note: The face of an electrotype consists of a shell of copper, silver, or the like, produced by the action of an electrical current upon a plate of metal and a wax mold suspended in an acid bath and connected with opposite poles of the battery. It is backed up with a solid filling of type metal.

ELECTROTYPE E*lec"tro*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrotyped; p. pr. & vb. n. Electrotyping.]

Defn: To make facsimile plates of by the electrotype process; as to electrotype a page of type, a book, etc. See Electrotype, n.

ELECTROTYPER E*lec"tro*ty`per, n.

Defn: One who electrotypes.

ELECTROTYPIC E*lec`tro*typ"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or effected by means of, electrotypy.

ELECTROTYPING E*lec"tro*ty`ping, n.

Defn: The act or the process of making electrotypes.

ELECTROTYPY E*lec"tro*ty`py, n.

Defn: The process of producing electrotype plates. See Note under Electrotype, n.

ELECTRO-VITAL E*lec`tro-vi"tal, a.

Defn: Derived from, or dependent upon, vital processes; -- said of certain electric currents supposed by some physiologists to circulate in the nerves of animals.

ELECTRO-VITALISM E*lec`tro-vi"tal*ism, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The theory that the functions of living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred force.

ELECTRUM E*lec"trum, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Electric, and cf. Electre, Electron.]

1. Amber.

2. An alloy of gold and silver, of an amber color, used by the ancients.

3. German-silver plate. See German silver, under German.

ELECTUARY E*lec"tu*a*ry, n.; pl. Electuaries. Etym: [OE. letuaire, OF. lettuaire, electuaire, F. électuaire, L. electuarium, electarium. prob. fr. Gr. Lick, and cf. Eclegm.] (Med.)

Defn: A medicine composed of powders, or other ingredients, incorporated with some convserve, honey, or sirup; a confection. See the note under Confection.

ELEEMOSYNARILY El`ee*mos"y*na*ri*ly, adv.

Defn: In an eleemosynary manner; by charity; charitably.

ELEEMOSYNARY El`ee*mos"y*na*ry, a. Etym: [LL. eleemosynarius, fr. eleemosyna alms, Gr. Alms.]

1. Relating to charity, alms, or almsgiving; intended for the distribution of charity; as, an eleemosynary corporation.

2. Given in charity or alms; having the nature of alms; as, eleemosynary assistance. "Eleemosynary cures." Boyle.

3. Supported by charity; as, eleemosynary poor.

ELEEMOSYNARY El`ee*mos"y*na*ry, n.; pl. Eleemosynaries (.

Defn: One who subsists on charity; a dependent. South.

ELEGANCE; ELEGANCY El"e*gance, El"e*gan*cy, n. Etym: [L. elegantia, fr. elegans, -antis, elegant: cf. F. élégance.]

1. The state or quality of being elegant; beauty as resulting from choice qualities and the complete absence of what deforms or impresses unpleasantly; grace given by art or practice; fine polish; refinement; -- said of manners, language, style, form, architecture, etc. That grace that elegance affords. Drayton. The endearing elegance of female friendship. Johnson. A trait of native elegance, seldom seen in the masculine character after childhood or early youth, was shown in the General's fondness for the sight and fragrance of flowers. Hawthorne.

2. That which is elegant; that which is tasteful and highly attractive. The beautiful wildness of nature, without the nicer elegancies of art. Spectator.

Syn. -- Elegance, Grace. Elegance implies something of a select style of beauty, which is usually produced by art, skill, or training; as, elegance of manners, composition, handwriting, etc.; elegant furniture; an elegant house, etc. Grace, as the word is here used, refers to bodily movements, and is a lower order of beauty. It may be a natural gift; thus, the manners of a peasant girl may be graceful, but can hardly be called elegant.

ELEGANT El"e*gant, a. Etym: [L. elegans, -antis; akin to eligere to pick out, choose, select: cf. F. élégant. See Elect.]

1. Very choice, and hence, pleasing to good taste; characterized by grace, propriety, and refinement, and the absence of every thing offensive; exciting admiration and approbation by symmetry, completeness, freedom from blemish, and the like; graceful; tasteful and highly attractive; as, elegant manners; elegant style of composition; an elegant speaker; an elegant structure. A more diligent cultivation of elegant literature. Prescott.

2. Exercising a nice choice; discriminating beauty or sensitive to beauty; as, elegant taste.

Syn. -- Tasteful; polished; graceful; refined; comely; handsome; richly ornamental.

ELEGANTLY El"e*gant*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner to please nice taste; with elegance; with due symmetry; richly.

ELEGIAC E*le"gi*ac, a. Etym: [L. elegiacus, Gr. élégiaque. See Elegy.]

1. Belonging to elegy, or written in elegiacs; plaintive; expressing sorrow or lamentation; as, an elegiac lay; elegiac strains. Elegiac griefs, and songs of love. Mrs. Browning.

2. Used in elegies; as, elegiac verse; the elegiac distich or couplet, consisting of a dactylic hexameter and pentameter.

ELEGIAC E*le"gi*ac, n.

Defn: Elegiac verse.

ELEGIACAL El`e*gi"a*cal, a.

Defn: Elegiac.

ELEGIAST E*le"gi*ast, n.

Defn: One who composes elegies. Goldsmith.

ELEGIOGRAPHER El`e*gi*og"ra*pher, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph + -er.]

Defn: An elegist. [Obs.]

ELEGIST El"e*gist, n.

Defn: A write of elegies. T. Warton.

ELEGIT E*le"git, n. Etym: [L., he has chosen, fr. eligere to choose. See Elect.] (Law)

Defn: A judicial writ of execution, by which a defendant's goods are appraised and delivered to the plaintiff, and, if no sufficient to satisfy the debt, all of his lands are delivered, to be held till the debt is paid by the rents and profits, or until the defendant's interest has expired.

ELEGIZE El"e*gize, v. t.

Defn: To lament in an elegy; to celebrate in elegiac verse; to bewail. Carlyle.

ELEGY El"e*gy, n.; pl. Elegies. Etym: [L. elegia, Gr.

Defn: A mournful or plaintive poem; a funereal song; a poem of lamentation. Shak.

ELEIDIN E*le"i*din, n. (Biol.)

Defn: Lifeless matter deposited in the form of minute granules within the protoplasm of living cells.

ELEME FIGS; ELEMI FIGS El"e*me figs`, El"e*mi figs` (el"e*mi). [Turk. eleme anything which has been sifted and freed from dust or broken parts.]

Defn: A kind of figs of superior quality.

ELEMENT El"e*ment, n. Etym: [F. élément, L. elementum.]

1. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.

2. One of the ultimate, undecomposable constituents of any kind of matter. Specifically: (Chem.) A substance which cannot be decomposed into different kinds of matter by any means at present employed; as, the elements of water are oxygen and hydrogen.

Note: The elements are naturally classified in several families or groups, as the group of the alkaline elements, the halogen group, and the like. They are roughly divided into two great classes, the metals, as sodium, calcium, etc., which form basic compounds, and the nonmetals or metalloids, as oxygen, sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the distinction is only relative, and some, as arsenic, tin, aluminium, etc., form both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact regarding every element is its relative atomic weight or equivalent. When the elements are tabulated in the order of their ascending atomic weights, the arrangement constitutes the series of the Periodic law of Mendelejeff. See Periodic law, under Periodic. This Periodic law enables us to predict the qualities of unknown elements. The number of elements known is about seventy-five, but the gaps in the Periodic law indicate the possibility of many more. Many of the elements with which we are familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron, gold, etc., have been recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in the sun and the fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that afforded by the Periodic law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears that the chemical elements probably may not be simple bodies, but only very stable compounds of some simpler body or bodies. In formulas, the elements are designated by abbreviations of their names in Latin or New Latin.

The Elements -------------------------------------------------------- ----Name |Sym-|Atomic Weight| |bol | O=16 | H=1 | ------------------- -----------------------------------------Aluminum | Al | 27.1 | 26.9| Antimony(Stibium) Argon Arsenic Barium Beryllium (see Glucinum) Bismuth Boron Bromine Cadmium Caesium Calcium Carbon Cerium Chlorine Chromium Cobalt Columbium Copper (Cuprum) Erbium Fluorine Gadolinium Gallium Germanium Glucinum Gold Helium Hydrogen Indium Iodine Iridium Iron (Ferrum) Krypton Lanthanum Lead (Plumbum) Lithium Magnesium Manganese Mercury (Hydrargyrum) Molybdenum Neodymium Neon Nickel Niobium (see Columbium) Nirogen Osmium Oxygen Palladium Phosphorus Platinum Potassium (Kalium) Praseodymium Rhodium Rubidium Ruthenium

-----------------------------------------------------------The Elements -- continued ----------------------------------------------- -------------Name Samarium Scandium Selenium Silicon Silver (Argentum) Sodium (Natrium) Strontium Sulphur Tantalum Tellurium Thallium Thorium Thulium Tin (Stannum) Titanium Tungsten (Wolframium) Uranium Vanadium Wolfranium (see Tungsten) Xenon Ytterbium Yttrium Zinc Zirconium ------------------------------------------------------ ------

Note: Several other elements have been announced, as holmium, vesbium, austrium, etc., but their properties, and in some cases their existence, have not yet been definitely established.

3. One of the ultimate parts which are variously combined in anything; as, letters are the elements of written language; hence, also, a simple portion of that which is complex, as a shaft, lever, wheel, or any simple part in a machine; one of the essential ingredients of any mixture; a constituent part; as, quartz, feldspar, and mica are the elements of granite. The simplicity which is so large an element in a noble nature was laughed to scorn. Jowett (Thucyd.).

4. (a) One out of several parts combined in a system of aggregation, when each is of the nature of the whole; as, a single cell is an element of the honeycomb. (b) (Anat.) One of the smallest natural divisions of the organism, as a blood corpuscle, a muscular fiber.

5. (Biol.)

Defn: One of the simplest essential parts, more commonly called cells, of which animal and vegetable organisms, or their tissues and organs, are composed.

6. (Math.) (a) An infinitesimal part of anything of the same nature as the entire magnitude considered; as, in a solid an element may be infinitesimal portion between any two planes that are separated and indefinitely small distance. In the calculus, element is sometimes used as synonymous with differential. (b) Sometimes a curve, or surface, or volume is considered as described by a moving point, or curve, or surface, the latter being at any instant called an element of the former. (c) One of the terms in an algebraic expression.

7. One of the necessary data or values upon which a system of calculations depends, or general conclusions are based; as, the elements of a planet's orbit.

8. pl.

Defn: The simplest or fundamental principles of any system in philosophy, science, or art; rudiments; as, the elements of geometry, or of music.

9. pl.

Defn: Any outline or sketch, regarded as containing the fundamental ideas or features of the thing in question; as, the elemental of a plan.

10. One of the simple substances, as supposed by the ancient philosophers; one of the imaginary principles of matter.

Note: (a) The four elements were, air, earth, water, and fire; whence it is said, water is the proper element of fishes; air is the element of birds. Hence, the state or sphere natural to anything or suited for its existence. Of elements The grosser feeds the purer: Earth the Sea; Earth and the Sea feed Air; the Air those Fires Ethereal. Milton. Does not our life consist of the four elements Shak. And the complexion of the element [i. e.,the sky or air] In favor's like the work we have in hand, Most bloody, fiery, and most terrible. Shak. About twelve ounces [of food], with mere element for drink. Cheyne. They show that they are out of their element. T. Baker. Esp., the conditions and movements of the air. "The elements be kind to thee." (b) The elements of the alchemists were salt, sulphur, and mercury. Brande & C.

11. pl.

Defn: The whole material composing the world. The elements shall melt with fervent heat. 2 Peter iii. 10.

12. pl. (Eccl.)

Defn: The bread and wine used in the eucharist or Lord's supper. Magnetic element, one of the hypothetical elementary portions of which a magnet is regarded as made up.

ELEMENT El"e*ment, v. t.

1. To compound of elements or first principles. [Obs.] "[Love] being elemented too." Donne.

2. To constitute; to make up with elements. His very soul was elemented of nothing but sadness. Walton.

ELEMENTAL El`e*men"tal, a.

1. Pertaining to the elements, first principles, and primary ingredients, or to the four supposed elements of the material world; as, elemental air. "Elemental strife." Pope.

2. Pertaining to rudiments or first principles; rudimentary; elementary. "The elemental rules of erudition." Cawthorn.

ELEMENTALISM El`e*men"tal*ism, a.

Defn: The theory that the heathen divinities originated in the personification of elemental powers.

ELEMENTALITY E`le*men*tal"i*ty, n.

Defn: The condition of being composed of elements, or a thing so composed.

ELEMENTALLY El`e*men"tal*ly, adv.

Defn: According to elements; literally; as, the words, "Take, eat; this is my body," elementally understood.

ELEMENTAR El`e*men"tar, a.

Defn: Elementary. [Obs.] Skelton.

ELEMENTARINESS El`e*men"ta*ri*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being elementary; original simplicity; uncompounded state.

ELEMENTARITY El`e*men*tar"i*ty, n.

Defn: Elementariness. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

ELEMENTARY El`e*men"ta*ry, a. Etym: [L. elementarius: cf. F. élémentaire.]

1. Having only one principle or constituent part; consisting of a single element; simple; uncompounded; as, an elementary substance.

2. Pertaining to, or treating of, the elements, rudiments, or first principles of anything; initial; rudimental; introductory; as, an elementary treatise.

3. Pertaining to one of the four elements, air, water, earth, fire. "Some luminous and fiery impressions in the elementary region." J. Spencer.

ELEMENTATION El`e*men*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Instruction in the elements or first principles. [R.]

ELEMENTOID El"e*men*toid`, a. Etym: [Element + -oid.]

Defn: Resembling an element.

ELEMI El"e*mi, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élemi, It. elemi, Sp. elemi; of American or Oriental. origin.]

Defn: A fragrant gum resin obtained chiefly tropical trees of the genera Amyris and Canarium. A. elemifera yields Mexican elemi; C. commune, the Manila elemi. It is used in the manufacture of varnishes, also in ointments and plasters.

ELEMIN El"e*min, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A transparent, colorless oil obtained from elemi resin by distillation with water; also, a crystallizable extract from the resin.

ELENCH E*lench", n.; pl. Elenchs. Etym: [L. elenchus, Gr. elenche.] (Logic) (a) That part of an argument on which its conclusiveness depends; that which convinces of refutes an antagonist; a refutation. (b) A specious but fallacious argument; a sophism.

ELENCHICAL E*len"chic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an elench.

ELENCHICALLY E*len"chic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By means of an elench.

ELENCHIZE E*len"chize, v. i.

Defn: To dispute. [R.] B. Jonson.

ELENCHTIC; ELENCHTICAL E*lench"tic, E*lench"tic*al, a.

Defn: Same as Elenctic.

ELENCHUS E*len"chus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: Same as Elench.

ELENCTIC; ELENCTICAL E*lenc"tic, E*lenc"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. (Logic)

Defn: Serving to refute; refutative; -- applied to indirect modes of proof, and opposed to deictic.

ELENGE El"enge, a. Etym: [Cf. AS. ellende foreign, strange, G. elend miserable.]

Defn: Sorrowful; wretched; full of trouble. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ELENGENESS El"enge*ness, n.

Defn: Loneliness; misery. [Obs.]

ELEPHANSY El"e*phan*sy, n. Etym: [L. elephantia.]

Defn: Elephantiasis. [Obs.] Holland.

ELEPHANT El"e*phant, n. Etym: [OE. elefaunt, olifant, OF. olifant, F. éléphant, L. elephantus, elephas, -antis, fr. Gr. ibha, with the Semitic article al, el, prefixed, or fr. Semitic Aleph hindi Indian bull; or cf. Goth. ulbandus camel, AS. olfend.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A mammal of the order Proboscidia, of which two living species, Elephas Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil species, are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have transverse folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now existing.

2. Ivory; the tusk of the elephant. [Obs.] Dryden. Elephant apple (Bot.), an East Indian fruit with a rough, hard rind, and edible pulp, borne by Feronia elephantum, a large tree related to the orange. -- Elephant bed (Geol.), at Brighton, England, abounding in fossil remains of elephants. Mantell. -- Elephant beetle (Zoöl.), any very large beetle of the genus Goliathus (esp. G. giganteus), of the family Scarabæidæ. They inhabit West Africa. -- Elephant fish (Zoöl.), a chimæroid fish (Callorhynchus antarcticus), with a proboscis-like projection of the snout. -- Elephant paper, paper of large size, 23 × 28 inches. -- Double elephant paper, paper measuring 26Paper. -- Elephant seal (Zoöl.), an African jumping shrew (Macroscelides typicus), having a long nose like a proboscis. -- Elephant's ear (Bot.), a name given to certain species of the genus Begonia, which have immense one-sided leaves. -- Elephant's foot (Bot.) (a) A South African plant (Testudinaria Elephantipes), which has a massive rootstock covered with a kind of bark cracked with deep fissures; -- called also tortoise plant. The interior part is barely edible, whence the plant is also called Hottentot's bread. (b) A genus (Elephantopus) of coarse, composite weeds. -- Elephant's tusk (Zoöl.), the tooth shell. See Dentalium.

ELEPHANTIAC El`e*phan"ti*ac, a. (Med.)

Defn: Affected with elephantiasis; characteristic of elephantiasis.

ELEPHANTIASIS El`e*phan*ti"a*sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A disease of the skin, in which it become enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and fissured, like an elephant's hide.

ELEPHANTINE El`e*phan"tine, a. Etym: [L. elephantinus of ivory, Gr. éléphantin.]

Defn: Pertaining to the elephant, or resembling an elephant (commonly, in size); hence, huge; immense; heavy; as, of elephantine proportions; an elephantine step or tread. Elephantine epoch (Geol.), the epoch distinguished by the existence of large pachyderms. Mantell. -- Elephantine tortoise (Zoöl.), a huge land tortoise; esp., Testudo elephantina, from islands in the Indian Ocean; and T. elephantopus, from the Galapagos Islands.

ELEPHANTOID; ELEPHANTOIDAL El"e*phan*toid`, El`e*phan*toid"al, a. Etym: [Elephant + -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling an elephant in form or appearance.

ELEUSINIAN El`eu*sin"i*an, a. Etym: [L. Eleusinius, Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to Eleusis, in Greece, or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there celebrated; as, Eleusinian mysteries or festivals.

ELEUTHEROMANIA E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*a, n. Etym: [Gr. mania.]

Defn: A mania or frantic zeal for freedom. [R.] Carlyle.

ELEUTHEROMANIAC E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*ac, a.

Defn: Mad for freedom. [R.]

ELEUTHERO-PETALOUS E*leu`ther*o-pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. petal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the petals free, that is, entirely separate from each other; -- said of both plant and flower.

ELEVATE El"e*vate, a. Etym: [L. elevatus, p. p.]

Defn: Elevated; raised aloft. [Poetic] Milton.

ELEVATE El"e*vate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elevated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elevating.] Etym: [L. elevatus, p. p. of elevare; e + levare to lift up, raise, akin to levis light in weight. See Levity.]

1. To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift up; to raise; as, to elevate a weight, a flagstaff, etc.

2. To raise to a higher station; to promote; as, to elevate to an office, or to a high social position.

3. To raise from a depressed state; to animate; to cheer; as, to elevate the spirits.

4. To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as, to elevate the mind or character.

5. To raise to a higher pitch, or to a greater degree of loudness; -- said of sounds; as, to elevate the voice.

6. To intoxicate in a slight degree; to render tipsy. [Colloq. & Sportive] "The elevated cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry stingo." Sir W. Scott.

7. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage. [A Latin meaning] [Obs.] Jer. Taylor. To elevate a piece (Gun.), to raise the muzzle; to lower the breech.

Syn. -- To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist; heighten; elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.

ELEVATED El"e*va`ted, a.

Defn: Uplifted; high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as, elevated thoughts. Elevated railway, one in which the track is raised considerably above the ground, especially a city railway above the line of street travel.

ELEVATEDNESS El"e*va`ted*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being elevated.

ELEVATION El`e*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. elevatio: cf. F. élévation.]

1. The act of raising from a lower place, condition, or quality to a higher; -- said of material things, persons, the mind, the voice, etc.; as, the elevation of grain; elevation to a throne; elevation of mind, thoughts, or character.

2. Condition of being elevated; height; exaltation. "Degrees of elevation above us." Locke. His style . . . wanted a little elevation. Sir H. Wotton.

3. That which is raised up or elevated; an elevated place or station; as, an elevation of the ground; a hill.

4. (Astron.)

Defn: The distance of a celestial object above the horizon, or the arc of a vertical circle intercepted between it and the horizon; altitude; as, the elevation of the pole, or of a star.

5. (Dialing)

Defn: The angle which the style makes with the substylar line.

6. (Gunnery)

Defn: The movement of the axis of a piece in a vertical plane; also, the angle of elevation, that is, the angle between the axis of the piece and the line odirection.

7. (Drawing)

Defn: A geometrical projection of a building, or other object, on a plane perpendicular to the horizon; orthographic projection on a vertical plane; -- called by the ancients the orthography. Angle of elevation (Geodesy), the angle which an ascending line makes with a horizontal plane. -- Elevation of the host (R. C. Ch.), that part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host above his head for the people to adore.

ELEVATOR El"e*va`tor, n. Etym: [L., one who raises up, a deliverer: cf. F. élévateur.]

Defn: One who, or that which, raises or lifts up anything; as: (a) A mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain with a series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper loft for storage. (b) A cage or platform and the hoisting machinery in a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for conveying persons, goods, etc., to or from different floors or levels; -- called in England a lift; the cage or platform itself. (c) A building for elevating, storing, and discharging, grain. (d) (Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part of the body, as the leg or the eye. (e) (Surg.) An instrument for raising a depressed portion of a bone. Elevator head, leg, and boot, the boxes in which the upper pulley, belt, and lower pulley, respectively, run in a grain elevator.

ELEVATORY El"e*va`to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to raise, or having power to elevate; as, elevatory forces.

ELEVATORY El"e*va`to*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élévatoire.] (Surg.)

Defn: See Elevator, n. (e). Dunglison.

ELEVE É`lève" (, n. Etym: [F., fr. élever to raise, bring up.]

Defn: A pupil; a student.

ELEVEN E*lev"en, a. Etym: [OE. enleven, AS. endleofan, endlufon, for nleofan; akin to LG. eleve, ölwe, ölwen, D. elf, G. elf, eilf, OHG. einlif, Icel. ellifu, Sw. elfva, Dan. elleve, Goth. ainlif, cf. Lith. vënolika; and fr. the root of E. one + (prob.) a root signifying "to be left over, remain," appearing in E. loan, or perh. in leave, v. t., life. See One, and cf. Twelve.]

Defn: Ten and one added; as, eleven men.

ELEVEN E*lev"en, n.

1. The sum of ten and one; eleven units or objects.

2. A symbol representing eleven units, as 11 or xi.

3. (Cricket & American Football)

Defn: The eleven men selected to play on one side in a match, as the representatives of a club or a locality; as, the all-England eleven.

ELEVENTH E*lev"enth, a. Etym: [Cf. AS. endlyfta. See Eleven.]

1. Next after the tenth; as, the eleventh chapter.

2. Constituting one of eleven parts into which a thing is divided; as, the eleventh part of a thing.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the interval of the octave and the fourth.

ELEVENTH E*lev"enth, n.

1. The quotient of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal parts.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: The interval consisting of ten conjunct degrees; the interval made up of an octave and a fourth.

ELF Elf, n.; pl. Elves. Etym: [AS. ælf, ylf; akin to MHG. alp, G. alp nightmare, incubus, Icel. elf, Sw. alf, elfva; cf. Skr. rbhu skillful, artful, rabh to grasp. Cf. Auf, Oaf.]

1. An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much like a fairy; a mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt hills and wild places, and generally represented as delighting in mischievous tricks. Every elf, and fairy sprite, Hop as light as bird from brier. Shak.

2. A very diminutive person; a dwarf. Elf arrow, a flint arrowhead; - - so called by the English rural folk who often find these objects of prehistoric make in the fields and formerly attributed them to fairies; -- called also elf bolt, elf dart, and elf shot. -- Elf child, a child supposed to be left by elves, in room of one they had stolen. See Changeling. -- Elf fire, the ignis fatuus. Brewer. -- Elf owl (Zoöl.), a small owl (Micrathene Whitneyi) of Southern California and Arizona.

ELF Elf, v. t.

Defn: To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do. Elf all my hair in knots. Shak.

ELFIN Elf"in, a.

Defn: Relating to elves.

ELFIN Elf"in, n.

Defn: A little elf or urchin. Shenstone.

ELFISH Elf"ish, a.

Defn: Of or relating to the elves; elflike; implike; weird; scarcely human; mischievous, as though caused by elves. "Elfish light." Coleridge. The elfish intelligence that was so familiar an expression on her small physiognomy. Hawthorne.

ELFISHLY Elf"ish*ly, adv.

Defn: In an elfish manner.

ELFISHNESS Elf"ish*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being elfish.

ELFKIN Elf"kin, n.

Defn: A little elf.

ELFLAND Elf"land`, n.

Defn: Fairyland. Tennyson.

ELFLOCK Elf"lock`, n.

Defn: Hair matted, or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.

ELGIN MARBLES El"gin mar"bles.

Defn: Greek sculptures in the British Museum. They were obtained at Athens, about 1811, by Lord Elgin.

ELICIT E*lic"it, a. Etym: [L. elictus, p. p. of elicere to elicit; e + lacere to entice. Cf. Delight, Lace.]

Defn: Elicited; drawn out; made real; open; evident. [Obs.] "An elicit act of equity." Jer. Taylor.

ELICIT E*lic"it, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elicited; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliciting.]

Defn: To draw out or entice forth; to bring to light; to bring out against the will; to deduce by reason or argument; as, to elicit truth by discussion.

ELICITATE E*lic"i*tate, v. t.

Defn: To elicit. [Obs.]

ELICITATION E*lic`i*ta"tion, n.

Defn: The act of eliciting. [Obs.] Abp. Bramhall.

ELIDE E*lide", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elided; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliding.] Etym: [L. elidere to strike out or off; e + laedere to hurt by striking: cf. F. élider. See Lesion.]

1. To break or dash in pieces; to demolish; as, to elide the force of an argument. [Obs.] Hooker.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: To cut off, as a vowel or a syllable, usually the final one; to subject to elision.

ELIGIBILITY El`i*gi*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. éligibilité.]

Defn: The quality of being eligible; eligibleness; as, the eligibility of a candidate; the eligibility of an offer of marriage.

ELIGIBLE El"i*gi*ble, a. Etym: [F. éligible, fr. L. eligere. See Elect.]

1. That may be selected; proper or qualified to be chosen; legally qualified to be elected and to hold office.

2. Worthy to be chosen or selected; suitable; desirable; as, an eligible situation for a house. The more eligible of the two evils. Burke.

ELIGIBLENESS El"i*gi*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality worthy or qualified to be chosen; suitableness; desirableness.

ELIGIBLY El"i*gi*bly, adv.

Defn: In an eligible manner.

ELIMATE El"i*mate, v. t. Etym: [L. elimatus, p. p. of elimare to file up; e out + limare to file, fr. lima file.]

Defn: To render smooth; to polish. [Obs.]

ELIMINANT E*lim"i*nant, n. (Math.)

Defn: The result of eliminating n variables between n homogeneous equations of any degree; -- called also resultant.

ELIMINATE E*lim"i*nate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eliminated; p. pr. & vb. n. Eliminating.] Etym: [L. eliminatus, p. p. of eliminare; e out + limen threshold; prob. akin to limes boundary. See Limit.]

1. To put out of doors; to expel; to discharge; to release; to set at liberty. Eliminate my spirit, give it range Through provinces of thought yet unexplored. Young.

2. (Alg.)

Defn: To cause to disappear from an equation; as, to eliminate an unknown quantity.

3. To set aside as unimportant in a process of inductive inquiry; to leave out of consideration. Eliminate errors that have been gathering and accumulating. Lowth.

4. To obtain by separating, as from foreign matters; to deduce; as, to eliminate an idea or a conclusion. [Recent, and not well authorized]

5. (Physiol.)

Defn: To separate; to expel from the system; to excrete; as, the kidneys eliminate urea, the lungs carbonic acid; to eliminate poison from the system.

ELIMINATION E*lim`i*na"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élimination.]

1. The act of expelling or throwing off; (Physiol.)

Defn: the act of discharging or excreting waste products or foreign substances through the various emunctories.

2. (Alg.)

Defn: Act of causing a quantity to disappear from an equation; especially, in the operation of deducing from several equations containing several unknown quantities a less number of equations containing a less number of unknown quantities.

3. The act of obtaining by separation, or as the result of eliminating; deduction. [See Eliminate,

4.]

ELIMINATIVE E*lim"i*na*tive, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to, or carrying on, elimination.

ELINGUATE E*lin"guate, v. t. Etym: [L. elinguare.]

Defn: To deprive of the tongue. [Obs.] Davies (Holy Roode).

ELINGUATION E`lin*gua"tion, n. Etym: [L. elinguatio. See Elinguid.] (O. Eng. Law)

Defn: Punishment by cutting out the tongue.

ELINGUID E*lin"guid, a. Etym: [L. elinguis, prop., deprived of the tongue; hence, speechless; e + lingua tongue.]

Defn: Tongue-tied; dumb. [Obs.]

ELIQUAMENT E*liq"ua*ment, n.

Defn: A liquid obtained from fat, or fat fish, by pressure.

ELIQUATION El`i*qua"tion, n. Etym: [L. eliquatio, fr. eliquare to clarify, strain; e + liquare to make liquid, melt.] (Metallurgy)

Defn: The process of separating a fusible substance from one less fusible, by means of a degree of heat sufficient to melt the one and not the other, as an alloy of copper and lead; liquation. Ure.

ELISON E*li"son, n. Etym: [L. elisio, fr. elidere, elisum, to strike out: cf. F. élision. See Elide.]

1. Division; separation. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: The cutting off or suppression of a vowel or syllable, for the sake of meter or euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final vowel standing before an initial vowel in the following word, when the two words are drawn together.

ELISOR E*li"sor, n. Etym: [F. éliseur, fr. élire to choose, L. eligere. See Elect.] (Eng. Law)

Defn: An elector or chooser; one of two persons appointed by a court to return a jury or serve a writ when the sheriff and the coroners are disqualified.

ELITE e`lite", n. Etym: [F., fr. élire to choose, L. eligere. See Elect.]

Defn: A choice or select body; the flower; as, the élite of society.

ELIX E*lix", v. t. Etym: [See Elixate.]

Defn: To extract. [Obs.] Marston.

ELIXATE E*lix"ate, v. t. Etym: [L. elixatus, p. p. of elixare to seethe, fr. elixus thoroughly boiled; e + lixare to boil, lix ashes.]

Defn: To boil; to seethe; hence, to extract by boiling or seething. [Obs.] Cockeram.

ELIXATION El`ix*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élixation.]

Defn: A seething; digestion. [Obs.] Burton.

ELIXIR E*lix"ir, n. Etym: [F. élixir, Sp. elixir, Ar. eliksir the philosopher's stone, prob. from Gr. ksha to burn.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: A tincture with more than one base; a compound tincture or medicine, composed of various substances, held in solution by alcohol in some form.

2. (Alchemy)

Defn: An imaginary liquor capable of transmuting metals into gold; also, one for producing life indefinitely; as, elixir vitæ, or the elixir of life.

3. The refined spirit; the quintessence. The . . . elixir of worldly delights. South.

4. Any cordial or substance which invigorates. The grand elixir, to support the spirits of human nature. Addison.

ELIZABETHAN E*liz"a*beth`an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to Queen Elizabeth or her times, esp. to the architecture or literature of her reign; as, the Elizabethan writers, drama, literature. -- n.

Defn: One who lived in England in the time of Queen Elizabeth. Lowell.

ELK Elk, n. Etym: [Icel. elgr; akin to Sw. elg, AS. eolh, OHG. elaho, MHG. elch, cf. L. alces; perh. akin to E. eland.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large deer, of several species. The European elk (Alces machlis or Cervus alces) is closely allied to the American moose. The American elk, or wapiti (Cervus Canadensis), is closely related to the European stag. See Moose, and Wapiti. Irish elk (Paleon.), a large, extinct, Quaternary deer (Cervus giganteus) with widely spreading antlers. Its remains have been found beneath the peat of swamps in Ireland and England. See Illustration in Appendix; also Illustration of Antler. -- Cape elk (Zoöl.), the eland.

ELK; ELKE Elk, Elke, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European wild or whistling swan (Cygnus ferus).

ELKNUT Elk"nut`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The buffalo nut. See under Buffalo.

ELKWOOD Elk"wood`, n.

Defn: The soft, spongy wood of a species of Magnolia (M. Umbrella).

ELL Ell, n. Etym: [AS. eln; akin to D. el, elle, G. elle, OHG. elina, Icel. alin, Dan. alen, Sw. aln, Goth. alenia, L. ulna elbow, ell, Gr. Elbow, Alnage.]

Defn: A measure for cloth; -- now rarely used. It is of different lengths in different countries; the English ell being 45 inches, the Dutch or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch about 37.

ELL Ell, n. (Arch.)

Defn: See L.

ELLACHICK El"la*chick, n. Etym: [Native Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fresh-water tortoise (Chelopus marmoratus) of California; -- used as food.

ELLAGIC El*lag"ic, a. Etym: [F., fr. galle gall (with the letters reversed).] (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts or gallic acid; as, ellagic acid. Ellagic acid (Chem.), a white crystalline substance, C14H8O9, found in bezoar stones, and obtained by the oxidation of gallic acid.

ELLEBORE El"le*bore, n.

Defn: Hellebore. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ELLEBORIN El*leb"o*rin, n.

Defn: See Helleborin.

ELLECK El"leck, n. Etym: [Etymol. uncertain.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The red gurnard or cuckoo fish. [Prov. Eng.]

ELLENGE; ELLINGE; ELLENGENESS; ELLINGENESS El"lenge, El"linge, a., El"lenge*ness, El"linge*ness, n.

Defn: See Elenge, Elengeness. [Obs.]

ELLES El"les, adv. & conj.

Defn: See Else. [Obs.]

ELLIPSE El*lipse", n. Etym: [Gr. ellipse. See Ellipsis.]

1. (Geom.)

Defn: An oval or oblong figure, bounded by a regular curve, which corresponds to an oblique projection of a circle, or an oblique section of a cone through its opposite sides. The greatest diameter of the ellipse is the major axis, and the least diameter is the minor axis. See Conic section, under Conic, and cf. Focus.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: Omission. See Ellipsis.

3. The elliptical orbit of a planet. The Sun flies forward to his brother Sun; The dark Earth follows wheeled in her ellipse. Tennyson.

ELLIPSIS El*lip"sis, n.; pl. Ellipses. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. In, and Loan, and cf. Ellipse.]

1. (Gram.)

Defn: Omission; a figure of syntax, by which one or more words, which are obviously understood, are omitted; as, the virtues I admire, for, the virtues which I admire.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: An ellipse. [Obs.]

ELLIPSOGRAPH El*lip"so*graph, n. Etym: [Ellipse + graph: cf. F. ellipsographe.]

Defn: An instrument for describing ellipses; -- called also trammel.

ELLIPSOID El*lip"soid, n. Etym: [Ellipse + -oid: cf. F. ellipsoide.] (Geom.)

Defn: A solid, all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles. See Conoid, n., 2 (a).

Note: The ellipsoid has three principal plane sections, a, b, and c, each at right angles to the other two, and each dividing the solid into two equal and symmetrical parts. The lines of meeting of these principal sections are the axes, or principal diameters of the ellipsoid. The point where the three planes meet is the center. Ellipsoid of revolution, a spheroid; a solid figure generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its axes. It is called a prolate spheroid, or prolatum, when the ellipse is revolved about the major axis, and an oblate spheroid, or oblatum, when it is revolved about the minor axis.

ELLIPSOID; ELLIPSOIDAL El*lip"soid, El`lip*soi"dal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or shaped like, an ellipsoid; as, ellipsoid or ellipsoidal form.

ELLIPTIC; ELLIPTICAL El*lip"tic, El*lip"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. elliptique. See Ellipsis.]

1. Of or pertaining to an ellipse; having the form of an ellipse; oblong, with rounded ends. The planets move in elliptic orbits. Cheyne.

2. Having a part omitted; as, an elliptical phrase. Elliptic chuck. See under Chuck. -- Elliptic compasses, an instrument arranged for drawing ellipses. -- Elliptic function. (Math.) See Function. -- Elliptic integral. (Math.) See Integral. -- Elliptic polarization. See under Polarization.

ELLIPTICALLY El*lip"tic*al*ly, adv.

1. In the form of an ellipse.

2. With a part omitted; as, elliptically expressed.

ELLIPTICITY El`lip*tic"i*ty, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ellipticité.]

Defn: Deviation of an ellipse or a spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere; especially, in reference to the figure of the earth, the difference between the equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the equatorial; thus, the ellipticity of the earth is

Note: Some writers use ellipticity as the ratio of the difference of the two semiaxes to the minor axis, instead of the major. Nichol.

ELLIPTIC-LANCEOLATE El*lip"tic-lan"ce*o*late, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having a form intermediate between elliptic and lanceolate.

ELLIPTOGRAPH El*lip"to*graph, n.

Defn: Same as Ellipsograph.

ELLWAND Ell"wand, n.

Defn: Formerly, a measuring rod an ell long.

ELM Elm, n. Etym: [AS. elm; akin to D. olm, OHG. elm, G. ulme, Icel. almr, Dan. & Sw. alm, L. ulmus, and E. alder. Cf. Old.] (Bot.)

Defn: A tree of the genus Ulmus, of several species, much used as a shade tree, particularly in America. The English elm is Ulmus campestris; the common American or white elm is U. Americana; the slippery or red elm, U. fulva. Elm beetle (Zoöl.), one of several species of beetles (esp. Galeruca calmariensis), which feed on the leaves of the elm. -- Elm borer (Zoöl.), one of several species of beetles of which the larvæ bore into the wood or under the bark of the elm (esp. Saperda tridentata). -- Elm butterfly (Zoöl.), one of several species of butterflies, which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of the elm (esp. Vanessa antiopa and Grapta comma). See Comma butterfly, under Comma. -- Elm moth (Zoöl.), one of numerous species of moths of which the larvæ destroy the leaves of the elm (esp. Eugonia subsignaria, called elm spanworm). -- Elm sawfly (Zoöl.), a large sawfly (Cimbex Americana). The larva, which is white with a black dorsal stripe, feeds on the leaves of the elm.

ELMEN Elm"en, a.

Defn: Belonging to elms. [Obs.]

ELMO'S FIRE El"mo's fire`.

Defn: See Corposant; also Saint Elmo's Fire, under Saint.

ELMY Elm"y, a.

Defn: Abounding with elms. The simple spire and elmy grange. T. Warton.

ELOCATION El`o*ca"tion, n. Etym: [Pref. e- + locate.]

1. A removal from the usual place of residence. [Obs.]

2. Departure from the usual state; an ecstasy. [Obs.]

ELOCULAR E*loc"u*lar, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + locular.]

Defn: Having but one cell, or cavity; not divided by a septum or

## partition.

ELOCUTION El`o*cu"tion, n. Etym: [L. elocutio, fr. eloqui, elocutus, to speak out: cf. F. élocution. See Eloquent.]

1. Utterance by speech. [R.] [Fruit] whose taste . . . Gave elocution to the mute, and taught The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise. Milton.

2. Oratorical or expressive delivery, including the graces of intonation, gesture, etc.; style or manner of speaking or reading in public; as, clear, impressive elocution. "The elocution of a reader." Whately

3. Suitable and impressive writing or style; eloquent diction. [Obs.] To express these thoughts with elocution. Dryden.

ELOCUTIONARY El`o*cu"tion*a*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to elocution.

ELOCUTIONIST El`o*cu"tion*ist, n.

Defn: One who is versed in elocution; a teacher of elocution.

ELOCUTIVE El"o*cu`tive, a.

Defn: Pertaining to oratorical expression. [Obs.] Feltham.

ELODIAN E*lo"di*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a tribe of tortoises, including the terrapins, etc., in which the head and neck can be withdrawn.

ELOGE e`loge", n. Etym: [F. See Elogium.]

Defn: A panegyrical funeral oration.

ELOGIST El"o*gist, n. Etym: [F. élogiste.]

Defn: One who pronounces an éloge.

ELOGIUM; ELOGY E*lo"gi*um, El"o*gy, n. Etym: [L. elogium a short saying, an inscription, fr. Gr. .]

Defn: The praise bestowed on a person or thing; panegyric; eulogy.

ELOHIM E*lo"him, n. Etym: [Heb.]

Defn: One of the principal names by which God is designated in the Hebrew Scriptures.

ELOHIST E*lo"hist, n.

Defn: The writer, or one of the writers, of the passages of the Old Testament, notably those of Elohim instead of Jehovah, as the name of the Supreme Being; -- distinguished from Jehovist. S. Davidson.

ELOHISTIC El`o*his"tic, a.

Defn: Relating to Elohim as a name of God; -- said of passages in the Old Testament.

ELOIGN E*loign", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eloigned; p. pr. & vb. n. Eloigning.] Etym: [F. éloigner, OF. esloignier; pref. es- (L. ex) + OF. & F. loin far, far off, L. longe, fr. longus long. See Elongate.] [Written also eloin.]

1. To remove afar off; to withdraw. [Obs.] From worldly cares he did himself eloign. Spenser.

2. (Law)

Defn: To convey to a distance, or beyond the jurisdiction, or to conceal, as goods liable to distress. The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are eloigned. Blackstone.

ELOIGNATE E*loign"ate, v. t.

Defn: To remove. [Obs.] Howell.

ELOIGNMENT E*loign"ment, n. Etym: [F. éloignement.]

Defn: Removal to a distance; withdrawal. [Obs.]

ELOIN E*loin", v. t.

Defn: See Eloign.

ELOINATE E*loin"ate, v. t.

Defn: See Eloignate.

ELOINMENT E*loin"ment, n.

Defn: See Eloignment.

ELONG E*long", v. t. Etym: [See Eloign, Elongate.]

1. To lengthen out; to prolong. [Obs.]

2. To put away; to separate; to keep off. [Obs.] Wyatt.

ELONGATE E*lon"gate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elongated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elongating.] Etym: [LL. elongatus, p. p. of elongare to remove, to prolong; e + L. longus long. See Long, a., and cf. Eloign.]

1. To lengthen; to extend; to stretch; as, to elongate a line.

2. To remove further off. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

ELONGATE E*lon"gate, v. i.

Defn: To depart to, or be at, a distance; esp., to recede apparently from the sun, as a planet in its orbit. [R.]

ELONGATE E*lon"gate, a. Etym: [LL. elongatus.]

Defn: Drawn out at length; elongated; as, an elongate leaf. "An elongate form." Earle.

ELONGATION E`lon*ga"tion, n. Etym: [LL. elongatio: cf. F. élongation.]

1. The act of lengthening, or the state of being lengthened; protraction; extension. "Elongation of the fibers." Arbuthnot.

2. That which lengthens out; continuation. May not the mountains of Westmoreland and Cumberland be considered as elongations of these two chains Pinkerton.

3. Removal to a distance; withdrawal; a being at a distance; distance. The distant points in the celestial expanse appear to the eye in so small a degree of elongation from one another, as bears no proportion to what is real. Glanvill.

4. (Astron.)

Defn: The angular distance of a planet from the sun; as, the elongation of Venus or Mercury.

ELOPE E*lope", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eloped; p. pr. & vb. n. Eloping.] Etym: [D. ontloopen to run away; pref. ont- (akin to G. ent-, AS. and-, cf. E. answer) + loopen to run; akin to E. leap. See Leap, v. t.]

Defn: To run away, or escape privately, from the place or station to which one is bound by duty; -- said especially of a woman or a man, either married or unmarried, who runs away with a paramour or a sweetheart. Great numbers of them [the women] have eloped from their allegiance. Addison.

ELOPEMENT E*lope"ment, n.

Defn: The act of eloping; secret departure; -- said of a woman and a man, one or both, who run away from their homes for marriage or for cohabitation.

ELOPER E*lop"er, n.

Defn: One who elopes.

ELOPS E"lops, n. Etym: [L. elops, helops, a kind of sea fish, Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of fishes. See Saury.

2. A mythical serpent. [Obs.] Milton.

ELOQUENCE El"o*quence, n. Etym: [F. éloquence, L. eloquentia, fr. eloquens. See Eloquent.]

1. Fluent, forcible, elegant, and persuasive speech in public; the power of expressing strong emotions in striking and appropriate language either spoken or written, thereby producing conviction or persuasion. Eloquence is speaking out . . . out of the abundance of the heart. Hare.

2. Fig.: Whatever produces the effect of moving and persuasive speech. Silence that spoke and eloquence of eyes. Pope. The hearts of men are their books; events are their tutors; great

## actions are their eloquence. Macaulay.

3. That which is eloquently uttered or written. O, let my books be then the eloquence And dumb presagers of my speaking breast. Shak.

Syn. -- Oratory; rhetoric.

ELOQUENT El"o*quent, a. Etym: [F. éloquent, L. eloquens, -entis, p. pr. of eloqui to speak out, declaim; e + loqui to speak. See Loquacious.]

1. Having the power of expressing strong emotions or forcible arguments in an elevated, impassioned, and effective manner; as, an eloquent orator or preacher. O Death, all-eloquent! You only prove What dust we dote on when 't is man we love. Pope.

2. Adapted to express strong emotion or to state facts arguments with fluency and power; as, an eloquent address or statement; an eloquent appeal to a jury.

ELOQUENTLY El"o*quent*ly, adv.

Defn: In an eloquent manner.

ELRICH; ELRITCH El"rich or El"ritch, a.

Defn: Ghastly; preternatural. Same as Eldritch. [Scot. & Local, Eng.]

ELSE Else, a. & pron. Etym: [OE. & AS. elles otherwise, gen. sing. of an adj. signifying other; akin to OHG. elles otherwise, OSw. äljes, Sw. eljest, Goth. aljis, adj., other, L. alius, Gr. Alias, Alien.]

Defn: Other; one or something beside; as, Who else is coming What else shall I give Do you expect anything else "Bastards and else." Shak.

Note: This word always follows its noun. It is usual to give the possessive form to else rather than to the substantive; as, somebody else's; no one else's. "A boy who is fond of somebody else's pencil case." G. Eliot. "A suit of clothes like everybody else's." Thackeray.

ELSE Else, adv. & conj.

1. Besides; except that mentioned; in addition; as, nowhere else; no one else.

2. Otherwise; in the other, or the contrary, case; if the facts were different. For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give it. Ps. li. 16.

Note: After `or', else is sometimes used expletively, as simply noting an alternative. "Will you give thanks, . . . or else shall I" Shak.

ELSEWHERE Else"where`, adv.

1. In any other place; as, these trees are not to be found elsewhere.

2. In some other place; in other places, indefinitely; as, it is reported in town and elsewhere.

ELSEWHITHER Else"whith`er, adv.

Defn: To some, or any, other place; as, you will have to go elsewhither for it. R. of Gloucester."For elsewhither was I bound." Carlyle.

ELSEWISE Else"wise`, adv.

Defn: Otherwise. [R.]

ELSIN El"sin, n.

Defn: A shoemaker's awl. [Prov. Eng.]

ELUCIDATE E*lu"ci*date, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elucidated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elucidating.] Etym: [LL. elucidatus, p. p. of elucidare; e + lucidus full of light, clear. See Lucid.]

Defn: To make clear or manifest; to render more intelligible; to illustrate; as, an example will elucidate the subject.

ELUCIDATION E*lu`ci*da"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élucidation.]

Defn: A making clear; the act of elucidating or that which elucidates, as an explanation, an exposition, an illustration; as, one example may serve for further elucidation of the subject.

ELUCIDATIVE E*lu"ci*da`tive, a.

Defn: Making clear; tending to elucidate; as, an elucidative note.

ELUCIDATOR E*lu"ci*da`tor, n.

Defn: One who explains or elucidates; an expositor.

ELUCIDATORY E*lu"ci*da*to*ry, a.

Defn: Tending to elucidate; elucidative. [R.]

ELUCTATE E*luc"tate, v. i. Etym: [L. eluctatus, p. p. of eluctari to struggle out; e + luctari to wrestle.]

Defn: To struggle out; -- with out. [Obs.] Bp. Hacket.

ELUCTATION E`luc*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. eluctatio.]

Defn: A struggling out of any difficulty. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

ELUCUBRATE E*lu"cu*brate, v. i. Etym: [L. elucubratus, p. p. of elucubrare to compose by lamplight.]

Defn: See Lucubrate. [Obs.] Blount.

ELUCUBRATION E*lu`cu*bra"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. élucubration.]

Defn: See Lucubration. [Obs.] Evelyn.

ELUDE E*lude", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eluded; p. pr. & vb. n. Eluding.] Etym: [L. eludere, elusum; e + ludere to play: cf. F. éluder. See Ludicrous.]

Defn: To avoid slyly, by artifice, stratagem, or dexterity; to escape from in a covert manner; to mock by an unexpected escape; to baffle; as, to elude an officer; to elude detection, inquiry, search, comprehension; to elude the force of an argument or a blow. Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain, Then, hid in shades, eludes he eager swain. Pope. The transition from fetichism to polytheism seems a gradual process of which the stages elude close definition. Tylor.

Syn. -- To evade; avoid; escape; shun; eschew; flee; mock; baffle; frustrate; foil.

ELUDIBLE E*lud"i*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being eluded; evadible.

ELUL E"lul, n. Etym: [Heb.]

Defn: The sixth month of the Jewish year, by the sacred reckoning, or the twelfth, by the civil reckoning, corresponding nearly to the month of September.

ELUMBATED E*lum"ba*ted, a. Etym: [L. elumbis; e + lumbus loin.]

Defn: Weak or lame in the loins. [Obs.]

ELUSION E*lu"sion, n. Etym: [LL. elusio, fr. L. eludere, elusum. See Elude.]

Defn: Act of eluding; adroit escape, as by artifice; a mockery; a cheat; trickery.

ELUSIVE E*lu"sive, a.

Defn: Tending to elude; using arts or deception to escape; adroitly escaping or evading; eluding the grasp; fallacious. Elusive of the bridal day, she gives Fond hopes to all, and all with hopes deceives. Pope. -- E*lu"sive*ly, adv. -- E*lu"sive*ness, n.

ELUSORY E*lu"so*ry, a. Etym: [LL. elusorius.]

Defn: Tending to elude or deceive; evasive; fraudulent; fallacious; deceitful; deceptive. -- E*lu"so*ri*ness, n.

ELUTE E*lute", v. t. Etym: [L. elutus, p. p. of eluers to elute; e + luere to wash.]

Defn: To wash out. [R.] Arbuthnot.

ELUTRIATE E*lu"tri*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elutriated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elutriating.] Etym: [L. elutriatus, p. p. of elutriare.]

Defn: To wash or strain out so as to purify; as, to elutriate the blood as it passes through the lungs; to strain off or decant, as a powder which is separated from heavier particles by being drawn off with water; to cleanse, as by washing.

ELUTRIATION E*lu`tri*a"tion, n.

Defn: The process of elutriating; a decanting or racking off by means of water, as finer particles from heavier.

ELUXATE E*lux"ate, v. t. Etym: [Pref. e- + luxate.]

Defn: To dislocate; to luxate.

ELUXATION E`lux*a"tion, n.

Defn: Dislocation; luxation.

ELVAN Elv"an, a.

1. Pertaining to elves; elvish.

2. (Mining)

Defn: Of or pertaining to certain veins of feldspathic or porphyritic rock crossing metalliferous veins in the mining districts of Cornwall; as, an elvan course.

ELVAN; ELVANITE Elv"an, Elv"an*ite, n.

Defn: The rock of an elvan vein, or the elvan vein itself; an elvan course.

ELVE Elve, n.

Defn: An old form of Elf.

ELVER El"ver, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; -- called also elvene.

ELVES Elves, n.;

Defn: pl. of Elf.

ELVISH Elv"ish, a.

1. Pertaining to elves; implike; mischievous; weird; also, vacant; absent in demeanor. See Elfish. He seemeth elvish by his countenance. Chaucer.

2. Mysterious; also, foolish. [Obs.]

ELVISHLY Elv"ish*ly, adv.

Defn: In an elvish manner. Sir W. Scott.

ELWAND El"wand, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Ellwand.

ELYSIAN E*ly"sian, a. Etym: [L. Elysius, fr. Elysium.]

Defn: Pertaining, or the abode of the blessed after death; hence, yielding the highest pleasures; exceedingly delightful; beatific. "Elysian shades." Massinger. "Elysian age." Beattie. This life of mortal breath Is but a suburb of the life elysian. Longfellow.

ELYSIUM E*ly"sium, n.; pl. E. Elysiums, L. Elysia. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Anc. Myth.)

1. A dwelling place assigned to happy souls after death; the seat of future happiness; Paradise.

2. Hence, any delightful place. An Elysian more pure and bright than that pf the Greeks. I. Taylor.

ELYTRIFORM E*lyt"ri*form, a. Etym: [Elytrum + -form.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the form, or structure, of an elytron.

ELYTRIN El"y*trin, n. Etym: [From Elytrum.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Chitin.

ELYTROID El"y*troid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling a beetle's wing case.

ELYTRON; ELYTRUM El"y*tron, El"y*trum (-tr n.; pl. Elytra. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) One of the anterior pair of wings in the Coleoptera and some other insects, when they are thick and serve only as a protection for the posterior pair. See Coleoptera. (b) One of the shieldlike dorsal scales of certain annelids. See Chætopoda.

ELZEVIR El"ze*vir, a. (Bibliog.)

Defn: Applied to books or editions (esp. of the Greek New Testament and the classics) printed and published by the Elzevir family at Amsterdam, Leyden, etc., from about 1592 to 1680; also, applied to a round open type introduced by them. The Elzevir editions are valued for their neatness, and the elegant small types used. Brande & C.

'EM 'Em.

Defn: An obsolete or colloquial contraction of the old form hem, them. Addison.

EM Em, n. (Print.)

Defn: The portion of a line formerly occupied by the letter m, then a square type, used as a unit by which to measure the amount of printed matter on a page; the square of the body of a type.

EM- Em-.

Defn: A prefix. See En-.

EMACERATE E*mac"er*ate, v. t. & i. Etym: [L. emaceratus emaciated; e + macerare to make soft.]

Defn: To make lean or to become lean; to emaciate. [Obs.] Bullokar.

EMACERATION E*mac`er*a"tion, n.

Defn: Emaciation. [Obs.]

EMACIATE E*ma"ci*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emaciated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emaciating.] Etym: [L. emaciatus, p. p. of emaciare to make lean; e + maciare to make lean or meager, fr. macies leanness, akin to macer lean. See Meager.]

Defn: To lose flesh gradually and become very lean; to waste away in flesh. "He emaciated and pined away." Sir T. Browne.

EMACIATE E*ma"ci*ate, v. t.

Defn: To cause to waste away in flesh and become very lean; as, his sickness emaciated him.

EMACIATE E*ma"ci*ate, a. Etym: [L. emaciatus, p. p.]

Defn: Emaciated. "Emaciate steeds." T. Warton.

EMACIATION E*ma`ci*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. émaciation.]

1. The act of making very lean.

2. The state of being emaciated or reduced to excessive leanness; an excessively lean condition.

EMACULATE E*mac"u*late, v. t. Etym: [L. emaculatus, p. p. of emaculare to clear from spots. See Maculate.]

Defn: To clear from spots or stains, or from any imperfection. [Obs.] Hales.

EMACULATION E*mac`u*la"tion, n.

Defn: The act of clearing from spots. [Obs.] Johnson.

EMAIL OMBRANT; AEMAIL OMBRANT E`mail` om`brant", Æ`mail` om`brant". Etym: [F., shaded enamel.] (Fine Arts)

Defn: An art or process of flooding transparent colored glaze over designs stamped or molded on earthenware or porcelain. Ure.

EMANANT Em"a*nant, a. Etym: [L. emanans, -antis, p. pr. of emanare. See Emanate.]

Defn: Issuing or flowing forth; emanating; passing forth into an act, or making itself apparent by an effect; -- said of mental acts; as, an emanant volition.

EMANATE Em"a*nate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emanated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emanating.] Etym: [L. emanare, emanatum, to emanate; e out + manare to flow, prob. for madnare, and akin to madere to be wet, drip, madidus wet, drenched, drunk, Gr. mad to boil, matta drunk. Cf. Emane.]

1. To issue forth from a source; to flow out from more or less constantly; as, fragrance emanates from flowers.

2. To proceed from, as a source or fountain; to take origin; to arise, to originate. That subsisting from of government from which all special laws emanate. De Quincey.

Syn. -- To flow; arise; proceed; issue; originate.

EMANATE Em"a*nate, a.

Defn: Issuing forth; emanant. [R.]

EMANATION Em`a*na"tion, n. Etym: [L. emanatio: cf. F. émanation.]

1. The act of flowing or proceeding from a fountain head or origin. South. Those profitable and excellent emanations from God. Jer. Taylor.

2. That which issues, flows, or proceeds from any object as a source; efflux; an effluence; as, perfume is an emanation from a flower. An emanation of the indwelling life. Bryant.

EMANATIVE Em"a*na*tive, a.

Defn: Issuing forth; effluent.

EMANATIVELY Em"a*na*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: By an emanation.

EMANATORY Em"a*na*to*ry, a.

Defn: Emanative; of the nature of an emanation. Dr. H. More.

EMANCIPATE E*man"ci*pate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emancipated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emancipating.] Etym: [L. emancipatus, p. p. of emancipare to emancipate; e + mancipare to transfer ownership in, fr. manceps purchaser, as being one who laid his hand on the thing bought; manus hand + capere to take. See Manual, and Capable.]

Defn: To set free from the power of another; to liberate; as: (a) To set free, as a minor from a parent; as, a father may emancipate a child. (b) To set free from bondage; to give freedom to; to manumit; as, to emancipate a slave, or a country. Brasidas . . . declaring that he was sent to emancipate Hellas. Jowett (Thucyd. ).

(c) To free from any controlling influence, especially from anything which exerts undue or evil influence; as, to emancipate one from prejudices or error. From how many troublesome and slavish impertinences . . . he had emancipated and freed himself. Evelyn. To emancipate the human conscience. A. W. Ward.

EMANCIPATE E*man"ci*pate, a. Etym: [L. emancipatus, p. p.]

Defn: Set at liberty.

EMANCIPATION E*man`ci*pa"tion, n. Etym: [L. emancipatio: cf. F. émancipation.]

Defn: The act of setting free from the power of another, from slavery, subjection, dependence, or controlling influence; also, the state of being thus set free; liberation; as, the emancipation of slaves; the emancipation of minors; the emancipation of a person from prejudices; the emancipation of the mind from superstition; the emancipation of a nation from tyranny or subjection.

Syn. -- Deliverance; liberation; release; freedom; manumission; enfranchisement.

EMANCIPATIONIST E*man`ci*pa"tion*ist, n.

Defn: An advocate of emancipation, esp. the emancipation of slaves.

EMANCIPATOR E*man"ci*pa`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who emancipates.

EMANCIPATORY E*man"ci*pa*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to emancipation, or tending to effect emancipation. "Emancipatory laws." G. Eliot.

EMANCIPIST E*man"ci*pist, n.

Defn: A freed convict. [Australia]

EMARGINATE E*mar"gi*nate, v. t. Etym: [L. emarginare; e out + marginare to furnish with a margin, fr. margo margin.]

Defn: To take away the margin of.

EMARGINATE; EMARGINATED E*mar"gi*nate, E*mar"gi*na`ted, a.

1. Having the margin interrupted by a notch or shallow sinus.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Notched at the summit.

3. (Cryst.)

Defn: Having the edges truncated.

EMARGINATELY E*mar"gi*nate*ly, adv.

Defn: In an emarginate manner.

EMARGINATION E*mar`gi*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act of notching or indenting the margin, or the state of being so notched; also, a notch or shallow sinus in a margin.

EMASCULATE E*mas"cu*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emasculated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emasculating.] Etym: [L. emasculare; e + masculus male, masculine. See Male masculine.]

1. To deprive of virile or procreative power; to castrate power; to castrate; to geld.

2. To deprive of masculine vigor or spirit; to weaken; to render effeminate; to vitiate by unmanly softness. Luxury had not emasculated their minds. V. Knox.

EMASCULATE E*mas"cu*late, a.

Defn: Deprived of virility or vigor; unmanned; weak. "Emasculate slave." Hammond.

EMASCULATION E*mas`cu*la"tion, n.

1. The act of depriving of virility, or the state of being so deprived; castration.

2. The act of depriving, or state of being deprived, of vigor or strength; unmanly weakness.

EMASCULATOR E*mas"cu*la`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who, or that which, emasculates.

EMASCULATORY E*mas"cu*la*to*ry, a.

Defn: Serving or tending to emasculate.

EMBACE Em*bace", v. t.

Defn: See Embase. [Obs.]

EMBALE Em*bale", v. t. Etym: [F. emballer; pref. em- (L. in) + balle bale. See 1st Bale.] [Obs.]

1. To make up into a bale or pack. Johnson.

2. To bind up; to inclose. Legs . . . embaled in golden buskins. Spenser.

EMBALL Em*ball", v. t. Etym: [See Embale.]

Defn: To encircle or embrace. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

EMBALM Em*balm", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embalmed; p. pr. & vb. n. Embalming.] Etym: [F. embaumer; pref. em- (L. in) + baume balm. See Balm.]

1. To anoint all over with balm; especially, to preserve from decay by means of balm or other aromatic oils, or spices; to fill or impregnate (a dead body), with aromatics and drugs that it may resist putrefaction. Joseph commanded his servants, the physicians, to embalm embalmed Israel. Gem. l. 2.

2. To fill or imbue with sweet odor; to perfume. With fresh dews embalmed the earth. Milton.

3. To preserve from decay or oblivion as if with balm; to perpetuate in remembrance. Those tears eternal that embalm the dead. Pope.

EMBALMER Em*balm"er, n.

Defn: One who embalms.

EMBALMMENT Em*balm"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. embaumement.]

Defn: The act of embalming. [R.] Malone.

EMBANK Em*bank", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embanked; p. pr. & vb. n. Embanking.] Etym: [Pref. em- + bank. Cf. Imbank.]

Defn: To throw up a bank so as to confine or to defend; to protect by a bank of earth or stone.

EMBANKMENT Em*bank"ment, n.

1. The act of surrounding or defending with a bank.

2. A structure of earth, gravel, etc., raised to prevent water from overflowing a level tract of country, to retain water in a reservoir, or to carry a roadway, etc.

EMBAR Em*bar", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarred; p. pr. & vb. n. Embanking.] Etym: [Pref. em- + bar: cf. F. embarrer. Cf. Embargo.]

1. To bar or shut in; to inclose securely, as with bars. Where fast embarred in mighty brazen wall. Spenser.

2. To stop; to hinder by prohibition; to block up. He embarred all further trade. Bacon.

EMBARCATION Em`bar*ca"tion, n.

Defn: Same as Embarkation.

EMBARGE Em*barge", v. t.

Defn: To put in a barge. [Poetic] Drayton.

EMBARGO Em*bar"go, n.; pl. Embargoes. Etym: [Sp., fr. embargar to arrest, restrain; pref. em- (L. in) + Sp. barra bar, akin to F. barre bar. See Bar.]

Defn: An edict or order of the government prohibiting the departure of ships of commerce from some or all of the ports within its dominions; a prohibition to sail.

Note: If the embargo is laid on an enemy's ships, it is called a hostile embargo; if on the ships belonging to citizens of the embargoing state, it is called a civil embargo.

EMBARGO Em*bar"go, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embargoed; p. pr. & vb. n. Embargoing.]

Defn: To lay an embargo on and thus detain; to prohibit from leaving port; -- said of ships, also of commerce and goods.

EMBARK Em*bark", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarked; p. pr. & vb. n. Embarking.] Etym: [F. embarquer; pref. em- (L. in) + barque bark: cf. Sp. embarcar, It. imbarcare. See Bark. a vessel.]

1. To cause to go on board a vessel or boat; to put on shipboard.

2. To engage, enlist, or invest (as persons, money, etc.) in any affair; as, he embarked his fortune in trade. It was the reputation of the sect upon which St. Paul embarked his salvation. South.

EMBARK Em*bark", v. i.

1. To go on board a vessel or a boat for a voyage; as, the troops embarked for Lisbon.

2. To engage in any affair. Slow to embark in such an undertaking. Macaulay.

EMBARKATION Em`bar*ka"tion, n.

1. The act of putting or going on board of a vessel; as, the embarkation of troops.

2. That which is embarked; as, an embarkation of Jesuits. Smollett.

EMBARKMENT Em*bark"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. embarquement.]

Defn: Embarkation. [R.] Middleton.

EMBARRASS Em*bar"rass, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embarrassed; p. pr. & vb. n. Embarrassing.] Etym: [F. embarrasser (cf. Sp. embarazar, Pg. embara, Pr. barras bar); pref. em- (L. in) + LL. barra bar. See Bar.]

1. To hinder from freedom of thought, speech, or action by something which impedes or confuses mental action; to perplex; to discompose; to disconcert; as, laughter may embarrass an orator.

2. To hinder from liberty of movement; to impede; to obstruct; as, business is embarrassed; public affairs are embarrassed.

3. (Com.)

Defn: To involve in difficulties concerning money matters; to incumber with debt; to beset with urgent claims or demands; -- said of a person or his affairs; as, a man or his business is embarrassed when he can not meet his pecuniary engagements.

Syn. -- To hinder; perplex; entangle; confuse; puzzle; disconcert; abash; distress. -- To Embarrass, Puzzle, Perplex. We are puzzled when our faculties are confused by something we do not understand. We are perplexed when our feelings, as well as judgment, are so affected that we know not how to decide or act. We are embarrassed when there is some bar or hindrance upon us which impedes our powers of thought, speech, or motion. A schoolboy is puzzled by a difficult sum; a reasoner is perplexed by the subtleties of his opponent; a youth is sometimes so embarrassed before strangers as to lose his presence of mind.

EMBARRASS Em*bar"rass, n. Etym: [F. embarras. See Embarrass, v. t.]

Defn: Embarrassment. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

EMBARRASSMENT Em*bar"rass*ment, n. Etym: [F. embarrassement.]

1. A state of being embarrassed; perplexity; impediment to freedom of

## action; entanglement; hindrance; confusion or discomposure of mind,

as from not knowing what to do or to say; disconcertedness. The embarrassment which inexperienced minds have often to express themselves upon paper. W. Irving. The embarrassments tom commerce growing out of the late regulations. Bancroft.

2. Difficulty or perplexity arising from the want of money to pay debts.

EMBASE Em*base", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + base, a. or v. t.: cf. OF. embaissier.]

Defn: To bring down or lower, as in position, value, etc.; to debase; to degrade; to deteriorate. [Obs.] Embased the valleys, and embossed the hills. Sylvester. Alloy in coin of gold . . . may make the metal work the better, but it embaseth it. Bacon. Such pitiful embellishments of speech as serve for nothing but to embase divinity. South.

EMBASEMENT Em*base"ment, n. Etym: [From Embase, v. t.]

Defn: Act of bringing down; depravation; deterioration. South.

EMBASSADE Em"bas*sade, n. Etym: [F. ambassade. See Embassy.]

Defn: An embassy. See Ambassade. [Obs.] Shak.

EMBASSADOR Em*bas"sa*dor, n. Etym: [F. ambassadeur, Sp. embajador, LL. ambassiator, ambasciator. See Embassy, and cf. Ambassador.]

Defn: Same as Ambassador. Stilbon, that was a wise embassadour, Was sent to Corinth. Chaucer. Myself my king's embassador will go. Dryden.

EMBASSADORIAL Em*bas`sa*do"ri*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. ambassadorial.]

Defn: Same as Ambassadorial.

EMBASSADRESS Em*bas"sa*dress, n. Etym: [Cf. F. ambassadrice.]

Defn: Same as Ambassadress.

EMBASSADRY Em*bas"sa*dry, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. ambassaderie.]

Defn: Embassy. [Obs.] Leland.

EMBASSAGE Em"bas*sage (; 48), n.

1. An embassy. "He sent a solemn embassage." Bacon. Except your embassages have better success. Motley.

2. Message; errand. Shak.

EMBASSY Em"bas*sy, n.; pl. Embassies. Etym: [OF. ambassée, embascée, LL. ambasciata, fr. ambasciare for ambactiare to go on a mission, fr. L. ambactus vassal, dependent, of Celtic or German origin; cf. W. amaeth husbandman, Goth. andbahts servant, G. amt office, OHG. ambaht. Cf. Ambassador.]

1. The public function of an ambassador; the charge or business intrusted to an ambassador or to envoys; a public message to; foreign court concerning state affairs; hence, any solemn message. He sends the angels on embassies with his decrees. Jer. Taylor.

2. The person or persons sent as ambassadors or envoys; the ambassador and his suite; envoys.

3. The residence or office of an ambassador.

Note: Sometimes, but rarely, spelled ambassy.

EMBASTARDIZE Em*bas"tard*ize, v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + bastardize.]

Defn: To bastardize. [Obs.]

EMBATHE Em*bathe", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + bathe. Cf. Imbathe.]

Defn: To bathe; to imbathe.

EMBATTAIL Em*bat"tail, v. t. Etym: [See Embattle.]

Defn: To furnish with battlements; to fortify as with battlements. [Archaic] To embattail and to wall about thy cause With iron-worded proof. Tennyson.

EMBATTLE Em*bat"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embattled; p. pr. & vb. n. Embattling.] Etym: [OF. embataillier; pref. em- (L. in) + F. bataille battle. See Battle, and cf. Battlement.]

Defn: To arrange in order of battle; to array for battle; also, to prepare or arm for battle; to equip as for battle. One in bright arms embattled full strong. Spenser. Here once the embattled farmers stood And fired the shot heard round the world. Emerson.

EMBATTLE Em*bat"tle, v. i.

Defn: To be arrayed for battle. [Obs.]

EMBATTLE Em*bat"tle, v. t. Etym: [See Battlement.]

Defn: To furnish with battlements. "Embattled house." Wordsworth.

EMBATTLED Em*bat"tled, a.

1. Having indentations like a battlement. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Having the edge broken like battlements; -- said of a bearing such as a fess, bend, or the like.

3. Having been the place of battle; as, an embattled plain or field. J. Baillie.

EMBATTLEMENT Em*bat"tle*ment, n.

1. An intended parapet; a battlement.

2. The fortifying of a building or a wall by means of battlements.

EMBAY Em*bay", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + bay to bathe.]

Defn: To bathe; to soothe or lull as by bathing. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMBAY Em*bay", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embayed; p. pr. & vb. n. Embaying.] Etym: [Pref. em- + 1st bay.]

Defn: To shut in, or shelter, as in a bay. If that the Turkish fleet Be not ensheltered and embayed, they are drowned. Shak.

EMBAYMENT Em*bay"ment, n.

Defn: A bay. [R.] The embayment which is terminated by the land of North Berwick. Sir W. Scott.

EMBEAM Em*beam", v. t.

Defn: To make brilliant with beams. [R.] G. Fletcher.

EMBED Em*bed", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embedded; p. pr. & vb. n. Embedding.] Etym: [Pref. em- + bed. Cf. Imbed.]

Defn: To lay as in a bed; to lay in surrounding matter; to bed; as, to embed a thing in clay, mortar, or sand.

EMBEDMENT Em*bed"ment, n.

Defn: The act of embedding, or the state of being embedded.

EMBELLISH Em*bel"lish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embellished; p. pr. & vb. n. Embellishing.] Etym: [OE. embelisen, embelisshen, F. embellir; pref. em- (L. in) + bel, beau, beautiful. See Beauty.]

Defn: To make beautiful or elegant by ornaments; to decorate; to adorn; as, to embellish a book with pictures, a garden with shrubs and flowers, a narrative with striking anecdotes, or style with metaphors.

Syn. -- To adorn; beautify; deck; bedeck; decorate; garnish; enrich; ornament; illustrate. See Adorn.

EMBELLISHER Em*bel"lish*er, n.

Defn: One who embellishes.

EMBELLISHMENT Em*bel"lish*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. embellissement.]

1. The act of adorning, or the state of being adorned; adornment. In the selection of their ground, as well as in the embellishment of it. Prescott.

2. That which adds beauty or elegance; ornament; decoration; as, pictorial embellishments. The graces and embellishments of the exterior man. I. Taylor.

EMBER Em"ber, n. Etym: [OE. emmeres, emeres, AS. ; akin to Icel. eimyrja, Dan. emmer, MHG. eimere; cf. Icel. eimr vapor, smoke.]

Defn: A lighted coal, smoldering amid ashes; -- used chiefly in the plural, to signify mingled coals and ashes; the smoldering remains of a fire. "He rakes hot embers." Dryden. He takes a lighted ember out of the covered vessel. Colebrooke.

EMBER Em"ber, a. Etym: [OE. ymber, AS. ymbren, ymbryne, prop., running around, circuit; ymbe around + ryne a running, fr. rinnan to run. See Amb-, and Run.]

Defn: Making a circuit of the year of the seasons; recurring in each quarter of the year; as, ember fasts.

Ember days (R. C. & Eng. Ch.), days set apart for fasting and prayer in each of the four seasons of the year. The Council of Placentia [A. D. 1095] appointed for ember days the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the first Sunday in Lent, Whitsuntide, the 14th of September, and the 13th of December. The weeks in which these days fall are called ember weeks.

EMBER-GOOSE Em"ber-goose`, n. Etym: [Cf. Norw. ember, hav-imber, hav-immer, Icel. himbrin, himbrimi.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The loon or great northern diver. See Loon. [Written also emmer-goose and imber-goose.]

EMBERINGS Em"ber*ings, n. pl.

Defn: Ember days. [Obs.]

EMBERIZIDAE Emberizidae n.

Defn: a natural subfamily including buntings and some New World sparrows. Syn. -- subfamily Emberizidae, subfamily Emberizinae. [WordNet 1.5]

EMBETTER Em*bet"ter, v. t.

Defn: To make better. [Obs.]

EMBEZZLE Em*bez"zle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embezzled; p. pr. & vb. n. Embezzling.] Etym: [Norm. F. embeseiller to destroy; cf. OF. besillier to ill treat, ravage, destroy. Cf. Bezzle.]

1. To appropriate fraudulently to one's own use, as property intrusted to one's care; to apply to one's private uses by a breach of trust; as, to embezzle money held in trust.

2. To misappropriate; to waste; to dissipate in extravagance. [Obs.] To embezzle our money in drinking or gaming. Sharp.

EMBEZZLEMENT Em*bez"zle*ment, n.

Defn: The fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom it has been intrusted; as, the embezzlement by a clerk of his employer's; embezzlement of public funds by the public officer having them in charge.

Note: Larceny denotes a taking, by fraud or stealth, from another's possession; embezzlement denotes an appropriation, by fraud or stealth, of property already in the wrongdoer's possession. In England and in most of the United States embezzlement is made indictable by statute.

EMBEZZLER Em*bez"zler, n.

Defn: One who embezzles.

EMBILLOW Em*bil"low, v. i.

Defn: To swell or heave like a [R.] Lisle.

EMBIOTOCOID Em`bi*ot"o*coid, a. Etym: [NL. Embiotoca, the name of one genus + - oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to, or resembling, the Embiotocidæ. -- n.

Defn: One of a family of fishes (Embiotocidæ) abundant on the coast of California, remarkable for being viviparous; -- also called surf fishes and viviparous fishes. See Illust. in Append.

EMBITTER Em*bit"ter, v. t.

Defn: To make bitter or sad. See Imbitter.

EMBITTERMENT Em*bit"ter*ment, n.

Defn: The act of embittering; also, that which embitters.

EMBLANCH Em*blanch", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + 1st blanch.]

Defn: To whiten. See Blanch. [Obs.] Heylin.

EMBLAZE Em*blaze", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblazed; p. pr. & vb. n. Emblazing.] Etym: [Pref. em- + 1st blaze.]

1. To adorn with glittering embellishments. No weeping orphan saw his father's stores Our shrines irradiate, or emblaze the floors. Pope.

2. To paint or adorn with armorial figures; to blazon, or emblazon. [Archaic] The imperial ensign, . . . streaming to the wind, With gems and golden luster rich emblazed. Milton.

EMBLAZON Em*bla"zon, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblazoned; p. pr. & vb. n. Emblazoning.] Etym: [Pref. em- + blazon. Cf. Emblaze.]

1. To depict or represent; -- said of heraldic bearings. See Blazon.

2. To deck in glaring colors; to set off conspicuously; to display pompously; to decorate. The walls were . . . emblazoned with legends in commemoration of the illustrious pair. Prescott.

EMBLAZONER Em*bla"zon*er, n.

Defn: One who emblazons; also, one who publishes and displays anything with pomp.

EMBLAZONING Em*bla"zon*ing, n.

Defn: The act or art of heraldic decoration; delineation of armorial bearings.

EMBLAZONMENT Em*bla"zon*ment, n.

Defn: An emblazoning.

EMBLAZONRY Em*bla"zon*ry, n.; pl. Emblazonries (.

Defn: The act or art of an emblazoner; heraldic or ornamental decoration, as pictures or figures on shields, standards, etc.; emblazonment. Thine ancient standard's rich emblazonry. Trench.

EMBLEM Em"blem, n. Etym: [F. emblème, L. emblema, -atis, that which is put in or on, inlaid work, fr. Gr. In, and Parable.]

1. Inlay; inlaid or mosaic work; something ornamental inserted in a surface. [Obs.] Milton.

2. A visible sign of an idea; an object, or the figure of an object, symbolizing and suggesting another object, or an idea, by natural aptness or by association; a figurative representation; a typical designation; a symbol; as, a balance is an emblem of justice; a scepter, the emblem of sovereignty or power; a circle, the emblem of eternity. "His cicatrice, an emblem of war, here on his sinister cheek." Shak.

3. A picture accompanied with a motto, a set of verse, or the like, intended as a moral lesson or meditation.

Note: Writers and artists of the 17th century gave much attention and study to the composition of such emblems, and many collections of them were published.

Syn. -- Sign; symbol; type; device; signal; token. -- Sign, Emblem, Symbol, Type. Sign is the generic word comprehending all significant representations. An emblem is a visible object representing another by a natural suggestion of characteristic qualities, or an habitual and recognized association; as, a circle, having no apparent beginning or end, is an emblem of eternity; a

## particular flag is the emblem of the country or ship which has

adopted it for a sign and with which it is habitually associated. Between emblem and symbol the distinction is slight, and often one may be substituted for the other without impropriety. See Symbol. Thus, a circle is either an emblem or a symbol of eternity; a scepter, either an emblem or a symbol of authority; a lamb, either an emblem or a symbol of meekness. "An emblem is always of something simple; a symbol may be of something complex, as of a transaction . . . In consequence we do not speak of actions emblematic." C. J. Smith. A type is a representative example, or model, exhibiting the qualities common to all individuals of the class to which it belongs; as, the Monitor is a type of a class of war vessels.

EMBLEM Em"blem, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblemed; p. pr. & vb. n. Embleming.]

Defn: To represent by an emblem; to symbolize. [R.] Emblemed by the cozening fig tree. Feltham.

EMBLEMATIC; EMBLEMATICAL Em`blem*at"ic, Em`blem*at"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. emblématique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, containing, or consisting in, an emblem; symbolic; typically representative; representing as an emblem; as, emblematic language or ornaments; a crown is emblematic of royalty; white is emblematic of purity. -- Em`blem*at"ic*al*ly, adv.

EMBLEMATICCIZE Em`blem*at"ic*cize, v. t.

Defn: To render emblematic; as, to emblematicize a picture. [R.] Walpole.

EMBLEMATIST Em*blem"a*tist, n.

Defn: A writer or inventor of emblems. Sir T. Browne.

EMBLEMATIZE Em*blem"a*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblematized; p. pr. & vb. n. Emblematizing.]

Defn: To represent by, or as by, an emblem; to symbolize. Anciently the sun was commonly emblematized by a starry or radiate figure. Bp. Hurd.

EMBLEMENT Em"ble*ment, n. Etym: [OF. embleer to sow with corn, F. emblaver, fr. LL. imbladare; pref. in- + LL. bladum grain, F. blé.] (Law)

Defn: The growing crop, or profits of a crop which has been sown or planted; -- used especially in the plural. The produce of grass, trees, and the like, is not emblement. Wharton's Law Dict.

EMBLEMIZE Em"blem*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emblemized; p. pr. & vb. n. Emblemizing.]

Defn: To represent by an emblem; to emblematize. [R.]

EMBLOOM Em*bloom", v. t.

Defn: To emblossom. Savage.

EMBLOSSOM Em*blos"som, v. t.

Defn: To cover or adorn with blossoms. On the white emblossomed spray. J. Cunningham.

EMBODIER Em*bod"i*er, n.

Defn: One who embodies.

EMBODIMENT Em*bod"i*ment, n.

1. The act of embodying; the state of being embodied.

2. That which embodies or is embodied; representation in a physical body; a completely organized system, like the body; as, the embodiment of courage, or of courtesy; the embodiment of true piety.

EMBODY Em*bod"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embodied; p. pr. & vb. n. Embodying.]

Defn: To form into a body; to invest with a body; to collect into a body, a united mass, or a whole; to incorporate; as, to embody one's ideas in a treatise. [Written also imbody.] Devils embodied and disembodied. Sir W. Scott. The soul, while it is embodied, can no more be divided from sin. South.

EMBODY Em*bod"y, v. i.

Defn: To unite in a body, a mass, or a collection; to coalesce. [Written also imbody.] Firmly to embody against this court party. Burke.

EMBOGUE Em*bogue", v. i. Etym: [See Disembogue.]

Defn: To disembogue; to discharge, as a river, its waters into the sea or another river. [R.]

EMBOGUING Em*bo"guing, n.

Defn: The mouth of a river, or place where its waters are discharged. [R.]

EMBOIL Em*boil", v. i.

Defn: To boil with anger; to effervesce. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMBOIL Em*boil", v. t.

Defn: To cause to boil with anger; to irritate; to chafe. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMBOITEMENT Em`boîte"ment`, n. Etym: [F., fr. emboîter to fit in, insert; en in + boîte box.] (Biol.)

Defn: The hypothesis that all living things proceed from preëxisting germs, and that these encase the germs of all future living things, inclosed one within another. Buffon.

EMBOLDEN Em*bold"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emboldened; p. pr. & vb. n. Emboldening.]

Defn: To give boldness or courage to; to encourage. Shak. The self-conceit which emboldened him to undertake this dangerous office. Sir W. Scott.

EMBOLDENER Em*bold"en*er, n.

Defn: One who emboldens.

EMBOLIC Em*bol"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Embolism.]

1. Embolismic.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to an embolism; produced by an embolism; as, an embolic abscess.

3. (Biol.)

Defn: Pushing or growing in; -- said of a kind of invagination. See under Invagination.

EMBOLISM Em"bo*lism, n. Etym: [L. embolismus, from Gr. embolisme. See Emblem.]

1. Intercalation; the insertion of days, months, or years, in an account of time, to produce regularity; as, the embolism of a lunar month in the Greek year.

2. Intercalated time. Johnson.

3. (Med.)

Defn: The occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus. Embolism in the brain often produces sudden unconsciousness and paralysis.

EMBOLISMAL Em`bo*lis"mal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to embolism; intercalary; as, embolismal months.

EMBOLISMATIC; EMBOLISMATICAL Em`bo*lis*mat"ic, Em`bo*lis*mat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Embolismic.

EMBOLISMIC; EMBOLISMICAL Em`bo*lis"mic, Em`bo*lis"mic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. embolismique.]

Defn: Pertaining to embolism or intercalation; intercalated; as, an embolismic year, i. e., the year in which there is intercalation.

EMBOLITE Em"bo*lite, n. Etym: [From Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral consisting of both the chloride and the bromide of silver.

EMBOLUS Em"bo*lus, n.; pl. Emboli. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Emblem.]

1. Something inserted, as a wedge; the piston or sucker of a pump or syringe.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A plug of some substance lodged in a blood vessel, being brought thither by the blood current. It consists most frequently of a clot of fibrin, a detached shred of a morbid growth, a globule of fat, or a microscopic organism.

EMBOLY Em"bo*ly, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Embolic invagination. See under Invagination.

EMBONPOINT Em`bon`point", n. Etym: [F., fr. en bon point in good condition. See Bon, and Point.]

Defn: Plumpness of person; -- said especially of persons somewhat corpulent.

EMBORDER Em*bor"der, v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + border: cf. OF. emborder.]

Defn: To furnish or adorn with a border; to imborder.

EMBOSOM Em*bos"om, v. t. Etym: [Written also imbosom.]

1. To take into, or place in, the bosom; to cherish; to foster. Glad to embosom his affection. Spenser.

2. To inclose or surround; to shelter closely; to place in the midst of something. His house embosomed in the grove. Pope. Some tender flower . . . . Embosomed in the greenest glade. Keble.

EMBOSS Em*boss", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embossed; p. pr. & vb. n. Embossing.] Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + boss: cf. OF. embosser to swell in bunches.]

1. To arise the surface of into bosses or protuberances;

## particularly, to ornament with raised work.

Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss. Milton.

2. To raise in relief from a surface, as an ornament, a head on a coin, or the like. Then o'er the lofty gate his art embossed Androgeo's death. Dryden. Exhibiting flowers in their natural color embossed upon a purple ground. Sir W. Scott.

EMBOSS Em*boss", v. t. Etym: [Etymology uncertain.]

Defn: To make to foam at the mouth, like a hunted animal. [Obs.]

EMBOSS Em*boss", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Pr. & Sp. emboscar, It. imboscare, F. embusquer, and E. imbosk.]

1. To hide or conceal in a thicket; to imbosk; to inclose, shelter, or shroud in a wood. [Obs.] In the Arabian woods embossed. Milton.

2. To surround; to ensheath; to immerse; to beset. A knight her met in mighty arms embossed. Spenser.

EMBOSS Em*boss", v. i.

Defn: To seek the bushy forest; to hide in the woods. [Obs.] S. Butler.

EMBOSSED Em*bossed", a.

1. Formed or covered with bosses or raised figures.

2. Having a part projecting like the boss of a shield.

3. Swollen; protuberant. [Obs.] "An embossed carbuncle." Shak.

EMBOSSER Em*boss"er, n.

Defn: One who embosses.

EMBOSSMENT Em*boss"ment, n.

1. The act of forming bosses or raised figures, or the state of being so formed.

2. A bosslike prominence; figure in relief; raised work; jut; protuberance; esp., a combination of raised surfaces having a decorative effect. "The embossment of the figure." Addison.

EMBOTTLE Em*bot"tle, v. t.

Defn: To bottle. [R.] Phillips.

EMBOUCHURE Em`bou`chure", n. Etym: [F., fr. emboucher to put to the mouth; pref. em- (L. in) + bouche the mouth. Cf. Embouge, Debouch.]

1. The mouth of a river; also, the mouth of a cannon.

2. (Mus.) (a) The mouthpiece of a wind instrument. (b) The shaping of the lips to the mouthpiece; as, a flute player has a good embouchure.

EMBOW Em*bow", v. t.

Defn: To bend like a bow; to curve. "Embowed arches." [Obs. or R.] Sir W. Scott. With gilded horns embowed like the moon. Spenser.

EMBOWEL Em*bow"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emboweled or Embowelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Emboweling or Embowelling.]

1. To disembowel. The barbarous practice of emboweling. Hallam. The boar . . . makes his trough In your emboweled bosoms. Shak.

Note: Disembowel is the preferable word in this sense.

2. To imbed; to hide in the inward parts; to bury. Or deep emboweled in the earth entire. Spenser.

EMBOWELER Em*bow"el*er, n.

Defn: One who takes out the bowels. [Written also emboweller.]

EMBOWELMENT Em*bow"el*ment, n.

Defn: Disembowelment.

EMBOWER Em*bow"er, v. t.

Defn: To cover with a bower; to shelter with trees. [Written also imbower.] [Poetic] Milton. -- v. i.

Defn: To lodge or rest in a bower. [Poetic] "In their wide boughs embow'ring. " Spenser.

EMBOWL Em*bowl", v. t.

Defn: To form like a bowl; to give a globular shape to. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

EMBOX Em*box", v. t.

Defn: To inclose, as in a box; to imbox.

EMBOYSSEMENT Em*boysse"ment, n. Etym: [See Embushment.]

Defn: An ambush. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EMBRACE Em*brace", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (intens.) + brace, v. t.]

Defn: To fasten on, as armor. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMBRACE Em*brace", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embraced; p. pr. & vb. n. Embracing.] Etym: [OE. embracier, F. embrasser; pref. em- (L. in) + F. bras arm. See Brace, n.]

1. To clasp in the arms with affection; to take in the arms; to hug. I will embrace him with a soldier's arm, That he shall shrink under my courtesy. Shak. Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them. Acts xx. 1.

2. To cling to; to cherish; to love. Shak.

3. To seize eagerly, or with alacrity; to accept with cordiality; to welcome. "I embrace these conditions." "You embrace the occasion." Shak. What is there that he may not embrace for truth Locke.

4. To encircle; to encompass; to inclose. Low at his feet a spacious plain is placed, Between the mountain and the stream embraced. Denham.

5. To include as parts of a whole; to comprehend; to take in; as, natural philosophy embraces many sciences. Not that my song, in such a scanty space, So large a subject fully can embrace. Dryden.

6. To accept; to undergo; to submit to. "I embrace this fortune patiently." Shak.

7. (Law)

Defn: To attempt to influence corruptly, as a jury or court. Blackstone.

Syn. -- To clasp; hug; inclose; encompass; include;

EMBRACE Em*brace", v. i.

Defn: To join in an embrace.

EMBRACE Em*brace", n.

Defn: Intimate or close encircling with the arms; pressure to the bosom; clasp; hug. We stood tranced in long embraces, Mixed with kisses. Tennyson.

EMBRACEMENT Em*brace"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. embrassement.]

1. A clasp in the arms; embrace. Dear though chaste embracements. Sir P. Sidney.

2. State of being contained; inclosure. [Obs.] In the embracement of the parts hardly reparable, as bones. Bacon.

3. Willing acceptance. [Obs.] A ready embracement of . . . his kindness. Barrow.

EMBRACEOR Em*brace"or, n. (Law)

Defn: One guilty of embracery.

EMBRACER Em*bra"cer, n.

Defn: One who embraces.

EMBRACERY Em*bra"cer*y, n. (Law)

Defn: An attempt to influence a court, jury, etc., corruptly, by promises, entreaties, money, entertainments, threats, or other improper inducements.

EMBRACIVE Em*bra"cive, a.

Defn: Disposed to embrace; fond of caressing. [R.] Thackeray.

EMBRAID Em*braid", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + 1st braid.]

1. To braid up, as hair. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To upbraid. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

EMBRANCHMENT Em*branch"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. embranchement.]

Defn: The branching forth, as of trees.

EMBRANGLE Em*bran"gle, v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + brangle.]

Defn: To confuse; to entangle. I am lost and embrangled in inextricable difficulties. Berkeley.

EMBRASURE Em*bra"sure, n. Etym: [See Embrace.]

Defn: An embrace. [Obs.] "Our locked embrasures."" Shak.

EMBRASURE Em*bra"sure (277), n. Etym: [F., fr. embraser, perh. equiv. to ébraser to widen an opening; of unknown origin.]

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A splay of a door or window. Apart, in the twilight gloom of a window's embrasure, Sat the lovers. Longfellow.

2. (Fort.)

Defn: An aperture with slant sides in a wall or parapet, through which cannon are pointed and discharged; a crenelle. See Illust. of Casemate.

EMBRAVE Em*brave", v. t.

1. To inspire with bravery. [Obs.] Beaumont.

2. To decorate; to make showy and fine. [Obs.] And with sad cypress seemly it embraves. Spenser.

EMBRAWN Em*brawn", v. t.

Defn: To harden. [Obs.] It will embrawn and iron-crust his flesh. Nash.

EMBREAD Em*bread", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + bread = 1st braid.]

Defn: To braid. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMBREATHEMENT Em*breathe"ment, n.

Defn: The act of breathing in; inspiration. [R.] The special and immediate suggestion, embreathement, and dictation of the Holy Ghost. W. Lee.

EMBREW Em*brew", v. t.

Defn: To imbrue; to stain with blood. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMBRIGHT Em*bright", v. t.

Defn: To brighten. [Obs.]

EMBROCATE Em"bro*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embrocated; p. pr. & vb. n. Embrocating.] Etym: [NL. embrocatus, p. p. of embrocare; cf. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: To moisten and rub (a diseased part) with a liquid substance, as with spirit, oil, etc., by means of a cloth or sponge.

EMBROCATION Em`bro*ca"tion, n. Etym: [NL. embrocatio: cf. F. embrocation.] (Med.) (a) The act of moistening and rubbing a diseased part with spirit, oil, etc. (b) The liquid or lotion with which an affected part is rubbed.

EMBROGLIO Em*brogl"io, n.

Defn: See Imbroglio.

EMBROIDER Em*broid"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embroidered; p. pr. & vb. n. Embroidering.] Etym: [OE. embrouden. See Broider.]

Defn: To ornament with needlework; as, to embroider a scarf. Thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen. Ex. xxviii. 39.

EMBROIDERER Em*broid"er*er, n.

Defn: One who embroiders.

EMBROIDERY Em*broid"er*y, n.; pl. Embroideries (.

1. Needlework used to enrich textile fabrics, leather, etc.; also, the art of embroidering.

2. Diversified ornaments, especially by contrasted figures and colors; variegated decoration. Fields in spring's embroidery are dressed. Addison. A mere rhetorical embroidery of phrases. J. A. Symonds.

EMBROIL Em*broil", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Embroiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Embroiling.] Etym: [F. embrouiller; pref. em- (L. in) + brouiller. See 1st Broil, and cf. Imbroglio.]

1. To throw into confusion or commotion by contention or discord; to entangle in a broil or quarrel; to make confused; to distract; to involve in difficulties by dissension or strife. The royal house embroiled in civil war. Dryden.

2. To implicate in confusion; to complicate; to jumble. The Christian antiquities at Rome . . . are so embroiled with Addison.

Syn. -- To perplex; entangle; distract; disturb; disorder; trouble; implicate; commingle.

EMBROIL Em*broil", n.

Defn: See Embroilment.

EMBROILER Em*broil"er, n.

Defn: One who embroils.

EMBROILMENT Em*broil"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. embrouillement.]

Defn: The act of embroiling, or the condition of being embroiled; entanglement in a broil. Bp. Burnet.

EMBRONZE Em*bronze", v. t.

1. To embody in bronze; to set up a bronze representation of, as of a person. [Poetic]

2. To color in imitation of bronze. See Bronze, v. t.

EMBROTHEL Em*broth"el, v. t.

Defn: To inclose in a brothel. [Obs.] Donne.

EMBROUDE; EMBROWDE; EMBROYDE Em*broud"e, Em*browd"e, Em*broyd"e, v. t.

Defn: To embroider; to adorn. [Obs.] Embrowded was he, as it were a mead All full of fresshe flowers, white and red. Chaucer.

EMBROWN Em*brown", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + brown.]

Defn: To give a brown color to; to imbrown. Summer suns embrown the laboring swain. Fenton.

EMBRUE Em*brue", v. t.

Defn: See Imbrue, Embrew. [Obs.]

EMBRUTE Em*brute", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + brute. Cf. Imbrute.]

Defn: To brutify; to imbrute. All the man embruted in the swine. Cawthorn.

EMBRYO Em"bry*o, n.; pl. Embryos. Etym: [F. embryon, Gr. in) + brew.] (Biol.)

Defn: The first rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant; as: (a) The young of an animal in the womb, or more specifically, before its parts are developed and it becomes a fetus (see Fetus). (b) The germ of the plant, which is inclosed in the seed and which is developed by germination. In embryo, in an incipient or undeveloped state; in conception, but not yet executed. "The company little suspected what a noble work I had then in embryo." Swift.

EMBRYO Em"bry*o, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an embryo; rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an embryo bud.

EMBRYOGENIC Em`bry*o*gen"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to the development of an embryo.

EMBRYOGENY Em`bry*og"e*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. embryogénie.] (Biol.)

Defn: The production and development of an embryo.

EMBRYOGONY Em`bry*og"o*ny, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The formation of an embryo.

EMBRYOGRAPHY Em`bry*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.] (Biol.)

Defn: The general description of embryos.

EMBRYOLOGIC; EMBRYOLOGICAL Em`bry*o*log"ic, Em`bry*o*log"ic*al, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to embryology.

EMBRYOLOGIST Em`bry*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One skilled in embryology.

EMBRYOLOGY Em`bry*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. embryologie.] (Biol.)

Defn: The science which relates to the formation and development of the embryo in animals and plants; a study of the gradual development of the ovum until it reaches the adult stage.

EMBRYON Em"bry*on, n. & a. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Embryo.

EMBRYONAL Em"bry*o*nal, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to an embryo, or the initial state of any organ; embryonic.

EMBRYONARY Em"bry*o*na*ry, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Embryonic.

EMBRYONATE; EMBRYONATED Em"bry*o*nate, Em"bry*o*na`ted, a. (Biol.)

Defn: In the state of, or having, an embryonal.

EMBRYONIC Em`bry*on"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an embryo; embryonal; rudimentary. Embryonic sac or vesicle (Bot.), the vesicle within which the embryo is developed in the ovule; -- sometimes called also amnios sac, and embryonal sac.

EMBRYONIFEROUS Em`bry*o*nif"er*ous, a. Etym: [Embryo + -ferous.] (Biol.)

Defn: Having an embryo.

EMBRYONIFORM Em`bry*on"i*form, a. Etym: [Embryo + -form.] (Biol.)

Defn: Like an embryo in form.

EMBRYOPLASTIC Em`bry*o*plas"tic, n. Etym: [Embryo + plastic.] (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to, or aiding in, the formation of an embryo; as, embryoplastic cells.

EMBRYO SAC Em"bry*o sac`. (Bot.)

Defn: See under Embryonic.

EMBRYOTIC Em`bry*ot"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Embryonic.

EMBRYOTOMY Em`bry*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. embryotomie.] (Med.)

Defn: The cutting a fetus into pieces within the womb, so as to effect its removal.

EMBRYOTROPH Em"bry*o*troph`, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The material from which an embryo is formed and nourished.

EMBRYOUS Em"bry*ous, a.

Defn: Embryonic; undeveloped. [R.]

EMBULK Em*bulk", v. t.

Defn: To enlarge in the way of bulk. [R.] Latham.

EMBURSE Em*burse", v. t. Etym: [See Imburse.]

Defn: To furnish with money; to imburse. [Obs.]

EMBUSH Em*bush", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Ambush, Imbosk.]

Defn: To place or hide in a thicket; to ambush. [Obs.] Shelton.

EMBUSHMENT Em*bush"ment, n. Etym: [OE. embusshement, OF. embuschement, F. embûchement.]

Defn: An ambush. [Obs.]

EMBUSY Em*bus"y, v. t.

Defn: To employ. [Obs.] Skelton.

EME Eme, n. Etym: [See Eame.]

Defn: An uncle. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMEER E*meer", n.

Defn: Same as Emir.

EMENAGOGUE E*men"a*gogue, n.

Defn: See Emmenagogue.

EMEND E*mend", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emended; p. pr. & vb. n. Emending.] Etym: [L. emendare; e out + menda, mendum, fault, blemish: cf. F. émender. Cf. Amend, Mend.]

Defn: To purge of faults; to make better; to correct; esp., to make corrections in (a literary work); to alter for the better by textual criticism, generally verbal.

Syn. -- To amend; correct; improve; better; reform; rectify. See Amend.

EMENDABLE E*mend"a*ble, a. Etym: [L. emendabilis. Cf. Amendable.]

Defn: Corrigible; amendable. [R.] Bailey.

EMENDATELY Em"en*date*ly, adv.

Defn: Without fault; correctly. [Obs.]

EMENDATION Em`en*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. emendatio: cf. F. émendation.]

1. The act of altering for the better, or correcting what is erroneous or faulty; correction; improvement. "He lies in his sin without repentance or emendation." Jer. Taylor.

2. Alteration by editorial criticism, as of a text so as to give a better reading; removal of errors or corruptions from a document; as, the book might be improved by judicious emendations.

EMENDATOR Em"en*da`tor, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: One who emends or critically edits.

EMENDATORY E*mend"a*to*ry, a. Etym: [L. emendatorius.]

Defn: Pertaining to emendation; corrective. "Emendatory criticism."" Johnson.

EMENDER E*mend"er, n.

Defn: One who emends.

EMENDICATE E*men"di*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. emendicatus, p. p. of emendicare to obtain by begging. See Mendicate.]

Defn: To beg. [Obs.] Cockeram.

EMERALD Em"er*ald, n. Etym: [OE. emeraude, OF. esmeraude, esmeralde, F. émeraude, L. smaragdus, fr. Gr. marakata.]

1. (Min.)

Defn: A precious stone of a rich green color, a variety of beryl. See Beryl.

2. (Print.)

Defn: A kind of type, in size between minion and nonpare

Note: * This line is printed in the type called emerald.

EMERALD Em"er*ald, a.

Defn: Of a rich green color, like that of the emerald. "Emerald meadows." Byron. Emerald fish (Zoöl.), a fish of the Gulf of Mexico (Gobionellus oceanicus), remarkable for the brilliant green and blue color of the base of the tongue; -- whence the name; -- called also esmeralda. -- Emerald green, a very durable pigment, of a vivid light green color, made from the arseniate of copper; green bice; Scheele's green; -- also used adjectively; as, emerald green crystals. -- Emerald Isle, a name given to Ireland on account of the brightness of its verdure. -- Emerald spodumene, or Lithia emerald. (Min.) See Hiddenite. -- Emerald nickel. (Min.) See Zaratite.

EMERALDINE Em"er*ald*ine (; 104), n.

Defn: A green compound used as a dyestuff, produced from aniline blue when acted upon by acid.

EMERAUD Em"er*aud, n. Etym: [See Emerald, n.]

Defn: An emerald. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMERGE E*merge", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emerged; p. pr. & vb. n. Emerging.] Etym: [L. emergere, emersum; e out + mergere to dip, plunge. See Merge.]

Defn: To rise out of a fluid; to come forth from that in which anything has been plunged, enveloped, or concealed; to issue and appear; as, to emerge from the water or the ocean; the sun emerges from behind the moon in an eclipse; to emerge from poverty or obscurity. "Thetis . . . emerging from the deep." Dryden. Those who have emerged from very low, some from the lowest, classes of society. Burke.

EMERGENCE E*mer"gence, n.; pl. Emergences (.

Defn: The act of rising out of a fluid, or coming forth from envelopment or concealment, or of rising into view; sudden uprisal or appearance. The white color of all refracted light, at its very first emergence . . . is compounded of various colors. Sir I. Newton. When from the deep thy bright emergence sprung. H. Brooke.

EMERGENCY E*mer"gen*cy, n.; pl. Emergencies. Etym: [See Emergence.]

1. Sudden or unexpected appearance; an unforeseen occurrence; a sudden occasion. Most our rarities have been found out by casual emergency. Glanvill.

2. An unforeseen occurrence or combination of circumstances which calls for immediate action or remedy; pressing necessity; exigency. To whom she might her doubts propose, On all emergencies that rose. Swift. A safe counselor in most difficult emergencies. Brougham.

Syn. -- Crisis; conjuncture; exigency; pinch; strait; necessity.

EMERGENT E*mer"gent, a. Etym: [L. emergens, p. pr. of emergere.]

1. Rising or emerging out of a fluid or anything that covers or conceals; issuing; coming to light. The mountains huge appear emergent. Milton.

2. Suddenly appearing; arising unexpectedly; Protection granted in emergent danger. Burke. Emergent year (Chron.), the epoch or date from which any people begin to compute their time or dates; as, the emergent year of Christendom is that of the birth of Christ; the emergent year of the United States is that of the declaration of their independence. -- E*mer"gent*ly, adv. -- E*mer"gent*ness, n. [R.]

EMERIL Em"er*il, n.

1. Emery. [Obs.] Drayton.

2. A glazier's diamond. Crabb.

EMERITED Em"er*it*ed, a. Etym: [See Emeritus.]

Defn: Considered as having done sufficient public service, and therefore honorably discharged. [Obs.] Evelyn.

EMERITUS E*mer"i*tus, a. Etym: [L., having served out his time, p. p. of emerere, emereri, to obtain by service, serve out one's term; e out + merere, mereri, to merit, earn, serve.]

Defn: Honorably discharged from the performance of public duty on account of age, infirmity, or long and faithful services; -- said of an officer of a college or pastor of a church.

EMERITUS E*mer"i*tus, n.; pl. Emeriti. Etym: [L.]

Defn: A veteran who has honorably completed his service.

EMERODS; EMEROIDS Em"er*ods, Em"er*oids, n. pl. Etym: [OF. emmeroides. See Hemorrhoids.]

Defn: Hemorrhoids; piles; tumors; boils. [R.] Deut. xxviii. 27.

EMERSED E*mersed", a. Etym: [L. emersus, p. p. See Emerge.] (Bot.)

Defn: Standing out of, or rising above, water. Gray.

EMERSION E*mer"sion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. émersion. See Emerge.]

1. The act of emerging, or of rising out of anything; as, emersion from the sea; emersion from obscurity or difficulties. Their immersion into water and their emersion out of the same. Knatchbull.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The reappearance of a heavenly body after an eclipse or occultation; as, the emersion of the moon from the shadow of the earth; the emersion of a star from behind the moon.

EMERY Em"er*y, n. Etym: [F. émeri, earlier émeril, It. smeriglio, fr. Gr. smear. Cf. Emeril.] (Min.)

Defn: Corundum in the form of grains or powder, used in the arts for grinding and polishing hard substances. Native emery is mixed with more or less magnetic iron. See the Note under Corundum. Emery board, cardboard pulp mixed with emery and molded into convenient. -- Emery cloth or paper, cloth or paper on which the powder of emery is spread and glued for scouring and polishing. -- Emery wheel, a wheel containing emery, or having a surface of emery. In machine shops, it is sometimes called a buff wheel, and by the manufacturers of cutlery, a glazer.

EMESIS Em"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Emetic.] (Med.)

Defn: A vomiting.

EMETIC E*met"ic, a. Etym: [L. emeticus, Gr. vomere: cf. F. émétique. See Vomit.] (Med.)

Defn: Inducing to vomit; exciting the stomach to discharge its contents by the mouth. -- n.

Defn: A medicine which causes vomiting.

EMETICAL E*met"ic*al, a.

Defn: Inducing to vomit; producing vomiting; emetic. -- E*met"ic*al*ly, adv.

EMETINE Em"e*tine (; 104), n. Etym: [See Emetic.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white crystalline bitter alkaloid extracted from ipecacuanha root, and regarded as its peculiar emetic principle.

EMETO-CATHARTIC Em`e*to-ca*thar"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. cathartic.] (Med.)

Defn: Producing vomiting and purging at the same time.

EMEU; EMEW E"meu, or E"mew, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Emu.

EMEUTE e`meute", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A seditious tumult; an outbreak.

E. M. F. E. M. F. (Physics)

Defn: An abbreviation for electro-motive force.

EMFORTH Em*forth", prep. Etym: [AS. em-, emn-, in comp. equiv. to efen equal + for forth.]

Defn: According to; conformably to. [Obs.] Chaucer. Emforth my might, so far as lies in my power. [Obs.]

EMGALLA Em*gal"la, n. (Zoöl.) Etym: [Native name.]

Defn: The South African wart hog. See Wart hog.

EMICANT Em"i*cant, a. Etym: [L. emicans, p. pr. of emicare. See Emication.]

Defn: Beaming forth; flashing. [R.] Which emicant did this and that way dart. Blackmore.

EMICATION Em`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. emicatio, fr. emicare to spring out or forth; e. out + micare to move quickly to and fro, to sparkle.]

Defn: A flying off in small particles, as heated iron or fermenting liquors; a sparkling; scintillation. Sir T. Browne.

EMICTION E*mic"tion, n. Etym: [L. e out + mingere, mictum, to make water.]

1. The voiding of urine.

2. What is voided by the urinary passages; urine.

EMICTORY E*mic"to*ry, a. & n. (Med.)

Defn: Diuretic.

EMIGRANT Em"i*grant, a. Etym: [L. emigrans, -antis, p. pr. of emigrare to emigrate: cf. F. émigrant. See Emigrate, v. i.]

1. Removing from one country to another; emigrating; as, an emigrant company or nation.

2. Pertaining to an emigrant; used for emigrants; as, an emigrant ship or hospital.

EMIGRANT Em"i*grant, n.

Defn: One who emigrates, or quits one country or region to settle in another.

Syn. -- Emigrant, Immigrant. Emigrant and emigration have reference to the country from which the migration is made; the correlative words immigrant and immigration have reference to the country into which the migration is made, the former marking the going out from a country, the latter the coming into it.

EMIGRATE Em"i*grate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Emigrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emigrating.] Etym: [L. emigratus, p. p. of emigrare to remove, emigrate; e out + migrare to migrate. See Migrate.]

Defn: To remove from one country or State to another, for the purpose of residence; to migrate from home. Forced to emigrate in a body to America. Macaulay. They [the Huns] were emigrating from Tartary into Europe in the time of the Goths. J. H. Newman.

EMIGRATE Em"i*grate, a.

Defn: Migratory; roving. [Obs.]

EMIGRATION Em`i*gra"tion, n. Etym: [L. emigratio: cf. F. émigration.]

1. The act of emigrating; removal from one country or state to another, for the purpose of residence, as from Europe to America, or, in America, from the Atlantic States to the Western.

2. A body emigrants; emigrants collectively; as, the German emigration.

EMIGRATIONAL Em`i*gra"tion*al, a.

Defn: Relating to emigration.

EMIGRATIONIST Em`i*gra"tion*ist, n.

Defn: An advocate or promoter of emigration.

EMIGRATOR Em"i*gra`tor, n.

Defn: One who emigrates; am emigrant. [R.]

EMIGRE e`mi`gre", n. Etym: [F., emigrant.]

Defn: One of the natives of France who were opposed to the first Revolution, and who left their country in consequence.

EMINENCE Em"i*nence, n. Etym: [L. eminentia, fr. eminens eminent: cf. F. éminence.]

1. That which is eminent or lofty; a high ground or place; a height. Without either eminences or cavities. Dryden. The temple of honor ought to be seated on an eminence. Burke.

2. An elevated condition among men; a place or station above men in general, either in rank, office, or celebrity; social or moral loftiness; high rank; distinction; preferment. Milton. You 've too a woman's heart, which ever yet Affected eminence, wealth, sovereignty. Shak.

3. A title of honor, especially applied to a cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church.

EMINENCY Em"i*nen*cy, n.; pl Eminences (.

Defn: State of being eminent; eminence. "Eminency of estate." Tillotson.

EMINENT Em"i*nent, a. Etym: [L. eminens, -entis, p. pr. of eminere to stand out, be prominent; e out + minere (in comp.) to project; of uncertain origin: cf. F. éminent. Cf. Menace.]

1. High; lofty; towering; prominent. "A very eminent promontory." Evelyn

2. Being, metaphorically, above others, whether by birth, high station, merit, or virtue; high in public estimation; distinguished; conspicuous; as, an eminent station; an eminent historian, statements, statesman, or saint. Right of eminent domain. (Law) See under Domain.

Syn. -- Lofty; elevated; exalted; conspicuous; prominent; remarkable; distinguished; illustrious; famous; celebrated; renowned; well-known. See Distinguished.

EMINENTLY Em"i*nent*ly, adv.

Defn: In an eminent manner; in a high degree; conspicuously; as, to be eminently learned.

EMIR; EMEER E"mir, E*meer", n. Etym: [Ar. emir, amir, commander: cf. F. émir. Cf. Admiral, Ameer.]

Defn: An Arabian military commander, independent chieftain, or ruler of a province; also, an honorary title given to the descendants of Mohammed, in the line of his daughter Fatima; among the Turks, likewise, a title of dignity, given to certain high officials.

EMIRSHIP; EMEERSHIP E`mir*ship, E*meer"ship, n.

Defn: The rank or office of an Emir.

EMISSARY Em"is*sa*ry, n.; pl. Emissaries. Etym: [L. emissarius, fr. emittere, emissum, to send out: cf. F. émissaire. See Emit.]

Defn: An agent employed to advance, in a covert manner, the interests of his employers; one sent out by any power that is at war with another, to create dissatisfaction among the people of the latter. Buzzing emissaries fill the ears Of listening crowds with jealousies and fears. Dryden.

Syn. -- Emissary, Spy. A spy is one who enters an enemy's camp or territories to learn the condition of the enemy; an emissary may be a secret agent appointed not only to detect the schemes of an opposing party, but to influence their councils. A spy must be concealed, or he suffers death; an emissary may in some cases be known as the agent of an adversary without incurring similar hazard.

EMISSARY Em"is*sa*ry, a.

1. Exploring; spying. B. Jonson.

2. (Anat.)

Defn: Applied to the veins which pass out of the cranium through apertures in its walls.

EMISSARYSHIP Em"is*sa*ry*ship`, n.

Defn: The office of an emissary.

EMISSION E*mis"sion, n. Etym: [L. emissio: cf. F. émission. See Emit.]

1. The act of sending or throwing out; the act of sending forth or putting into circulation; issue; as, the emission of light from the sun; the emission of heat from a fire; the emission of bank notes. issue bank notes.

2. That which is sent out, issued, or put in circulation at one time; issue; as, the emission was mostly blood. Emission theory (Physics), the theory of Newton, regarding light as consisting of emitted

## particles or corpuscles. See Corpuscular theory, under Corpuscular.

EMISSITIOUS Em`is*si"tious, a. Etym: [L. emissitius, fr. emittere.]

Defn: Looking, or narrowly examining; prying. [Obs.] "Those emissitious eyes." Bp. Hall.

EMISSIVE E*mis"sive, a.

Defn: Sending out; emitting; as, emissive powers.

EMISSIVITY Em`is*siv"i*ty, n.

Defn: Tendency to emission; comparative facility of emission, or rate at which emission takes place, as of heat from the surface of a heated body.

EMISSORY E*mis"so*ry, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Emissary, a., 2.

EMIT E*mit", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emitted; p. pr. & vb. n. Emitting.] Etym: [L. emittere to send out; e out + mittere to send. See Mission.]

1. To send forth; to throw or give out; to cause to issue; to give vent to; to eject; to discharge; as, fire emits heat and smoke; boiling water emits steam; the sun emits light. Lest, wrathful, the far-shooting god emit His fatal arrows. Prior.

2. To issue forth, as an order or decree; to print and send into circulation, as notes or bills of credit. No State shall . . . emit bills of credit. Const. of the U. S.

EMITTENT E*mit"tent, a. Etym: [L. emittens, p. pr. emittere.]

Defn: Sending forth; emissive. Boyle.

EMMANTLE Em*man"tle, v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + mantle: cf. F. emmanteler. Cf. Inmantle.]

Defn: To cover over with, or as with, a mantle; to put about as a protection. [Obs.] Holland.

EMMANUEL Em*man"u*el, n.

Defn: See Immanuel. Matt. i. 23.

EMMARBLE Em*mar"ble, v. t.

Defn: To turn to marble; to harden. [Obs.] Thou dost emmarble the proud heart. Spenser.

EMMENAGOGUE Em*men"a*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. n. pl., menses (emménagogue.] (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that promotes the menstrual discharge.

EMMET Em"met, n. Etym: [OE. emete, amete, AS. æmete. See Ant.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An ant. Emmet hunter (Zoöl.), the wryneck.

EMMETROPIA Em`me*tro"pi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: That refractive condition of the eye in which the rays of light are all brought accurately and without undue effort to a focus upon the retina; -- opposed to hypermetropia, myopia, an astigmatism.

EMMETROPIC Em`me*trop"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or characterized by, emmetropia. The normal or emmetropic eye adjusts itself perfectly for all distances. J. Le Conte.

EMMETROPY Em*met"ro*py, n. (Med.)

Defn: Same as Emmetropia.

EMMEW Em*mew", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + mew. Cf. Immew.]

Defn: To mew or coop up. [Obs.] Shak.

EMMOVE Em*move", v. t. Etym: [For emove: cf. F. émouvoir, L. emovere. See Emotion.]

Defn: To move; to rouse; to excite. [Obs.]

EMODIN Em"o*din, n. (Chem.)

Defn: An orange-red crystalline substance, C15H10O5, obtained from the buckthorn, rhubarb, etc., and regarded as a derivative of anthraquinone; -- so called from a species of rhubarb (Rheum emodei).

EMOLLESCENCE Em`ol*les"cence, n. Etym: [L. e out + mollescere, incho. fr. mollere to be soft, mollis soft.]

Defn: That degree of softness in a body beginning to melt which alters its shape; the first or lowest degree of fusibility.

EMOLLIATE E*mol"li*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emolliated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emolliating.] Etym: [See Emollient, a.]

Defn: To soften; to render effeminate. Emolliated by four centuries of Roman domination, the Belgic colonies had forgotten their pristine valor. Pinkerton.

EMOLLIENT E*mol"lient, a. Etym: [L. emolliens, -entis, p. pr. of emollire to soften; e out + mollire to soften, mollis soft: cf. F. émollient. See Mollify.]

Defn: Softening; making supple; acting as an emollient. "Emollient applications." Arbuthnot.

EMOLLIENT E*mol"lient (; 105), n. (Med.)

Defn: An external something or soothing application to allay irritation, soreness, etc.

EMOLLITION Em`ol*li"tion, n.

Defn: The act of softening or relaxing; relaxation. Bacon.

EMOLUMENT E*mol"u*ment, n. Etym: [L. emolumentum, lit., a working out, fr. emoliri to move out, work out; e out + moliri to set in motion, exert one's self, fr. moles a huge, heavy mass: cf. F. émolument. See Mole a mound.]

Defn: The profit arising from office, employment, or labor; gain; compensation; advantage; perquisites, fees, or salary. A long . . . enjoyment of the emoluments of office. Bancroft.

EMOLUMENTAL E*mol`u*men"tal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an emolument; profitable. [R.] Evelyn.

EMONG; EMONGST E*mong", E*mongst"

Defn: , (prep. Among. [Obs.]

EMOTION E*mo"tion, n. Etym: [L. emovere, emotum, to remove, shake, stir up; e out + movere to move: cf. F. émotion. See Move, and cf. Emmove.]

Defn: A moving of the mind or soul; excitement of the feelings, whether pleasing or painful; disturbance or agitation of mind caused by a specific exciting cause and manifested by some sensible effect on the body. How different the emotions between departure and return! W. Irving. Some vague emotion of delight. Tennyson.

Syn. -- Feeling; agitation; tremor; trepidation; perturbation; passion; excitement. -- Emotion, Feeling, Agitation. Feeling is the weaker term, and may be of the body or the mind. Emotion is of the mind alone, being the excited action of some inward susceptibility or feeling; as, an emotion of pity, terror, etc. Agitation may the bodily or mental, and usually arises in the latter case from a vehement struggle between contending desires or emotions. See Passion. "Agitations have but one character, viz., that of violence; emotions vary with the objects that awaken them. There are emotions either of tenderness or anger, either gentle or strong, either painful or pleasing." Crabb.

EMOTIONAL E*mo"tion*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or characterized by, emotion; excitable; easily moved; sensational; as, an emotional nature.

EMOTIONALISM E*mo"tion*al*ism, n.

Defn: The cultivation of an emotional state of mind; tendency to regard things in an emotional manner.

EMOTIONALIZE E*mo"tion*al*ize, v. t.

Defn: To give an emotional character to. Brought up in a pious family where religion was not talked about emotionalized, but was accepted as the rule of thought and conduct. Froude.

EMOTIONED E*mo"tioned, a.

Defn: Affected with emotion. [R.] "The emotioned soul." Sir W. Scott.

EMOTIVE E*mo"tive, a.

Defn: Attended by, or having the character of, emotion. H. Brooke. -- E*mo"tive*ly, adv.

EMOTIVENESS E*mo"tive*ness, n.

Defn: Susceptibility to emotion. G. Eliot.

EMOTIVITY E`mo*tiv"i*ty, n.

Defn: Emotiveness. Hickok.

EMOVE E*move", v. t.

Defn: To move. [Obs.] Thomson.

EMPAIR Em*pair", v. t.

Defn: To impair. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMPAISTIC Em*pais"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Fine Arts)

Defn: Having to do with inlaid work; -- especially used with reference to work of the ancient Greeks.

EMPALE Em*pale", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + pale: cf. OF. empalir.]

Defn: To make pale. [Obs.] No bloodless malady empales their face. G. Fletcher.

EMPALE Em*pale", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empaled; p. pr. & vb. n. Empaling.] Etym: [OF. empaler to palisade, pierce, F. empaler to punish by empalement; pref. em- (L. in) + OF. & F. pal a pale, stake. See Pale a stake, and cf. Impale.] [Written also impale.]

1. To fence or fortify with stakes; to surround with a line of stakes for defense; to impale. All that dwell near enemies empale villages, to save themselves from surprise. Sir W. Raleigh.

2. To inclose; to surround. See Impale.

3. To put to death by thrusting a sharpened stake through the body.

4. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Impale.

EMPALEMENT Em*pale"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. empalement, fr. empaler. See Empale.] [Written also impalement.]

1. A fencing, inclosing, or fortifying with stakes.

2. A putting to death by thrusting a sharpened stake through the body.

3. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Impalement.

EMPANEL Em*pan"el, n. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + panel.] (Law)

Defn: A list of jurors; a panel. [Obs.] Cowell.

EMPANEL Em*pan"el, v. t.

Defn: See Impanel.

EMPANOPLIED Em*pan"o*plied, a. Etym: [Pref. em- + panoply.]

Defn: Completely armed; panoplied. Tennyson.

EMPARADISE Em*par"a*dise, v. t.

Defn: Same as Imparadise.

EMPARK Em*park", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + park: cf. OF. emparchier, emparkier. Cf. Impark.]

Defn: To make a park of; to inclose, as with a fence; to impark. [Obs.]

EMPARLANCE Em*par"lance, n.

Defn: Parley; imparlance. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMPASM Em*pasm", n. Etym: [F. empasme, fr. Gr.

Defn: A perfumed powder sprinkled upon the body to mask the odor of sweat.

EMPASSION Em*pas"sion, v. t.

Defn: To move with passion; to affect strongly. See Impassion. [Obs.] Those sights empassion me full near. Spenser.

EMPASSIONATE Em*pas"sion*ate, a.

Defn: Strongly affected. [Obs.] The Briton Prince was sore empassionate. Spenser.

EMPAWN Em*pawn", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + pawn. Cf. Impawn.]

Defn: To put in pawn; to pledge; to impawn. To sell, empawn, and alienate the estates. Milman.

EMPEACH Em*peach", v. t.

Defn: To hinder. See Impeach. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMPEARL Em*pearl", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + pearl. Cf. Impearl.]

Defn: To form like pearls; to decorate with, or as with, pearls; to impearl.

EMPEOPLE Em*peo"ple, v. t.

Defn: To form into a people or community; to inhabit; to people. [Obs.] We now know 't is very well empeopled. Sir T. Browne.

EMPERESS Em"per*ess, n.

Defn: See Empress. [Obs.]

EMPERICE Em"per*ice, n.

Defn: An empress. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EMPERIL Em*per"il, v. t.

Defn: To put in peril. See Imperil. Spenser.

EMPERISHED Em*per"ished, a.

Defn: Perished; decayed. [Obs.] I deem thy brain emperished be. Spenser.

EMPEROR Em"per*or, n. Etym: [OF. empereor, empereour, F. empereur, L. imperator, fr. imperare to command; in in + parare to prepare, order. See Parade, and cf. Imperative, Empress.]

Defn: The sovereign or supreme monarch of an empire; -- a title of dignity superior to that of king; as, the emperor of Germany or of Austria; the emperor or Czar of Russia. Emperor goose (Zoöl.), a large and handsome goose (Philacte canagica), found in Alaska. -- Emperor moth (Zoöl.), one of several large and beautiful bombycid moths, with transparent spots on the wings; as the American Cecropia moth (Platysamia cecropia), and the European species (Saturnia pavonia). -- Emperor paper. See under Paper. -- Purple emperor (Zoöl.), a large, strong British butterfly (Apatura iris).

EMPERORSHIP Em"per*or*ship, n.

Defn: The rank or office of an emperor.

EMPERY Em"per*y, n. Etym: [L. imperium, influenced by OF. emperie, empire. See Empire.]

Defn: Empire; sovereignty; dominion. [Archaic] Shak. Struggling for my woman's empery. Mrs. Browning.

EMPHASIS Em"pha*sis, n.; pl. Emphases. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. In, and Phase.]

1. (Rhet.)

Defn: A particular stress of utterance, or force of voice, given in reading and speaking to one or more words whose signification the speaker intends to impress specially upon his audience. The province of emphasis is so much more important than accent, that the customary seat of the latter is changed, when the claims of emphasis require it. E. Porter.

2. A peculiar impressiveness of expression or weight of thought; vivid representation, enforcing assent; as, to dwell on a subject with great emphasis. External objects stand before us . . . in all the life and emphasis of extension, figure, and color. Sir W. Hamilton.

EMPHASIZE Em"pha*size, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emphasized; p. pr. & vb. n. Emphasizing.]

Defn: To utter or pronounce with a particular stress of voice; to make emphatic; as, to emphasize a word or a phrase.

EMPHATIC; EMPHATICAL Em*phat"ic, Em*phat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. emphatique. See Emphasis.]

1. Uttered with emphasis; made prominent and impressive by a peculiar stress of voice; laying stress; deserving of stress or emphasis; forcible; impressive; strong; as, to remonstrate in am emphatic manner; an emphatic word; an emphatic tone; emphatic reasoning.

2. Striking the sense; attracting special attention; impressive; forcible. "Emphatical colors." Boyle. "Emphatical evils." Bp. Reynolds.

Syn. -- Forcible; earnest; impressive; energetic; striking; positive; important; special; significant.

EMPHATICALLY Em*phat"ic*al*ly, adv.

1. With emphasis; forcibly; in a striking manner or degree; preëminently. He was indeed emphatically a popular writer. Macaulay.

2. Not really, but apparently. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

EMPHATICALNESS Em*phat"ic*al*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being emphatic; emphasis.

EMPHRACTIC Em*phrac"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Having the quality of closing the pores of the skin.

EMPHRENSY Em*phren"sy, v. t.

Defn: To madden. [Obs.]

EMPHYSEMA Em`phy*se"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. emphysème.] (Med.)

Defn: A swelling produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular tissue. Emphysema of the lungs, Pulmonary emphysema (Med.), a common disease of the lungs in which the air cells are distended and their

## partition walls ruptured by an abnormal pressure of the air contained

in them.

EMPHYSEMATOUS Em`phy*sem"a*tous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. emphysémateux.] (Med.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, emphysema; swelled; bloated.

EMPHYTEUSIS Em`phy*teu"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rom. Law)

Defn: A real right, susceptible of assignment and of descent, charged on productive real estate, the right being coupled with the enjoyment of the property on condition of taking care of the estate and paying taxes, and sometimes a small rent. Heumann.

EMPHYTEUTIC Em`phy*teu"tic, a. Etym: [L. emphyteuticus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to an emphyteusis; as, emphyteutic lands.

EMPHYTEUTICARY Em`phy*teu"ti*ca*ry, n. Etym: [L. emphyteuticarius, a.]

Defn: One who holds lands by emphyteusis.

EMPIERCE Em*pierce", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + pierce. Cf. Impierce.]

Defn: To pierce; to impierce. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMPIGHT Em*pight", a. Etym: [Pref. em- + pight pitched, fixed.]

Defn: Fixed; settled; fastened. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMPIRE Em"pire, n. Etym: [F., fr. L. imperium a command, sovereignty, dominion, empire, fr. imperare. See Emperor; cf. Imperial.]

1. Supreme power; sovereignty; sway; dominion. "The empire of the sea." Shak. Over hell extend His empire, and with iron scepter rule. Milton.

2. The dominion of an emperor; the territory or countries under the jurisdiction and dominion of an emperor (rarely of a king), usually of greater extent than a kingdom, always comprising a variety in the nationality of, or the forms of administration in, constituent and subordinate portions; as, the Austrian empire. Empire carries with it the idea of a vast and complicated government. C. J. Smith.

3. Any dominion; supreme control; governing influence; rule; sway; as, the empire of mind or of reason. "Under the empire of facts." M. Arnold. Another force which, in the Middle Ages, shared with chivalry the empire over the minds of men. A. W. Ward. Celestial empire. See under Celestial. -- Empire City, a common designation of the city of New York. -- Empire State, a common designation of the State of New York.

Syn. -- Sway; dominion; rule; control; reign; sovereignty; government; kingdom; realm; state.

EMPIRE STATE Empire State.

Defn: New York; -- a nickname alluding to its size and wealth.

EMPIRE STATE OF THE SOUTH Empire State of the South.

Defn: Georgia; -- a nickname.

EMPIRE STATE OF THE WEST Empire State of the West.

Defn: Missouri; -- a nickname.

EMPIRIC Em*pir"ic, n. Etym: [L. empiricus an empiric, Gr. fare: cf. F. empirique. See In, and Fare.]

1. One who follows an empirical method; one who relies upon practical experience.

2. One who confines himself to applying the results of mere experience or his own observation; especially, in medicine, one who deviates from the rules of science and regular practice; an ignorant and unlicensed pretender; a quack; a charlatan. Among the Greek physicians, those who founded their practice on experience called themselves empirics. Krauth-Fleming. Swallow down opinions as silly people do empirics' pills. Locke.

EMPIRIC; EMPIRICAL Em*pir"ic, Em*pir"ic*al, a.

1. Pertaining to, or founded upon, experiment or experience; depending upon the observation of phenomena; versed in experiments. In philosophical language, the term empirical means simply what belongs to or is the product of experience or observation. Sir W. Hamilton. The village carpenter . . . lays out his work by empirical rules learnt in his apprenticeship. H. Spencer.

2. Depending upon experience or observation alone, without due regard to science and theory; -- said especially of medical practice, remedies, etc.; wanting in science and deep insight; as, empiric skill, remedies. Empirical formula. (Chem.) See under Formula.

Syn. -- See Transcendental.

EMPIRICALLY Em*pir"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By experiment or experience; without science; in the manner of quacks.

EMPIRICISM Em*pir"i*cism, n.

1. The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of knowledge by observation and experiment.

2. Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on mere experience, without the aid of science or a knowledge of principles; ignorant and unscientific practice; charlatanry; quackery.

3. (Metaph.)

Defn: The philosophical theory which attributes the origin of all our knowledge to experience.

EMPIRICIST Em*pir"i*cist, n.

Defn: An empiric.

EMPIRISTIC Em`pi*ris"tic, a. (Physics)

Defn: Relating to, or resulting from, experience, or experiment; following from empirical methods or data; -- opposed to nativistic.

EMPLACE Em*place", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emplaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Emplacing.] [Cf. F. emplacer. See En-; Place, v. & n.]

Defn: To put into place or position; to fix on an emplacement.

EMPLACEMENT Em*place"ment, n. [Cf. F. emplacement.]

Defn: A putting in, or assigning to, a definite place; localization; as, the emplacement of a structure.

EMPLASTER Em*plas"ter, n. Etym: [OF. emplastre, F. emplâtre, L. emplastrum a plaster or salve, fr. Gr.

Defn: See Plaster. [Obs.] Wiseman.

EMPLASTER Em*plas"ter, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. emplastrer, F. emplâtrer. See Emplaster, n.]

Defn: To plaster over; to cover over so as to present a good appearance. [Obs.] "Fair as ye his name emplaster." Chaucer.

EMPLASTIC Em*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. emplastique, fr. Gr. Emplaster.]

Defn: Fit to be applied as a plaster; glutinous; adhesive; as, emplastic applications.

EMPLASTIC Em*plas"tic, n.

Defn: A medicine causing constipation.

EMPLASTRATION Em`plas*tra"tion, n. Etym: [L. emplastratio a budding.]

1. The act or process of grafting by inoculation; budding. [Obs.] Holland.

2. Etym: [See 1st Emplaster.] (Med.)

Defn: The application of a plaster or salve.

EMPLEAD Em*plead", v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- (L. in) + plead: cf. F. emplaidier. Cf. Implead.]

Defn: To accuse; to indict. See Implead.

EMPLECTION Em*plec"tion, n.

Defn: See Emplecton.

EMPLECTON Em*plec"ton, n. Etym: [F. or L. emplecton, fr. Gr.

Defn: A kind of masonry in which the outer faces of the wall are ashlar, the space between being filled with broken stone and mortar. Cross layers of stone are interlaid as binders. [R.] Weale.

EMPLORE Em*plore", v. t.

Defn: See Implore. [Obs.]

EMPLOY Em*ploy", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Employed; p. pr. & vb. n. Employing.] Etym: [F. employer, fr. L. implicare to fold into, infold, involve, implicate, engage; in + plicare to fold. See Ply, and cf. Imply, Implicate.]

1. To inclose; to infold. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To use; to have in service; to cause to be engaged in doing something; -- often followed by in, about, on, or upon, and sometimes by to; as: (a) To make use of, as an instrument, a means, a material, etc., for a specific purpose; to apply; as, to employ the pen in writing, bricks in building, words and phrases in speaking; to employ the mind; to employ one's energies. This is a day in which the thoughts . . . ought to be employed on serious subjects. Addison.

(b) To occupy; as, to employ time in study. (c) To have or keep at work; to give employment or occupation to; to intrust with some duty or behest; as, to employ a hundred workmen; to employ an envoy. Jonathan . . . and Jahaziah . . . were employed about this matter. Ezra x. 15. Thy vineyard must employ the sturdy steer To turn the glebe. Dryden. To employ one's self, to apply or devote one's time and attention; to busy one's self.

Syn. -- To use; busy; apply; exercise; occupy; engross; engage. See Use.

EMPLOY Em*ploy", n. Etym: [Cf. F. emploi.]

Defn: That which engages or occupies a person; fixed or regular service or business; employment. The whole employ of body and of mind. Pope. In one's employ, in one's service.

EMPLOYABLE Em*ploy"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. F. employable.]

Defn: Capable of being employed; capable of being used; fit or proper for use. Boyle.

EMPLOYE Em`ploy`é", n. Etym: [F., p. p. of employer.]

Defn: One employed by another; a clerk or workman in the service of an employer.

EMPLOYEE Em`ploy*ee", n. Etym: [The Eng. form of employé.]

Defn: One employed by another.

EMPLOYER Em*ploy"er, n.

Defn: One who employs another; as, an employer of workmen.

EMPLOYMENT Em*ploy"ment, n.

1. The act of employing or using; also, the state of being employed.

2. That which engages or occupies; that which consumes time or attention; office or post of business; service; as, agricultural employments; mechanical employments; public employments; in the employment of government. Cares are employments, and without employ The soul is on a rack. Young.

Syn. -- Work; business; occupation; vocation; calling; office; service; commission; trade; profession.

EMPLUMED Em*plumed", a.

Defn: Plumed. [R.]

EMPLUNGE Em*plunge", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Implunge.]

Defn: To plunge; to implunge. [Obs.] Spenser.

EMPOISON Em*poi"son, v. t. Etym: [F. empoisonner; pref. em- + F. poison. See Poison, and cf. Impoison.]

Defn: To poison; to impoison. Shak.

EMPOISON Em*poi"son, n.

Defn: Poison. [Obs.] Remedy of Love.

EMPOISONER Em*poi"son*er, n.

Defn: Poisoner. [Obs.] Bacon.

EMPOISONMENT Em*poi"son*ment, n. Etym: [F. empoisonnement.]

Defn: The act of poisoning. Bacon.

EMPORETIC; EMPORETICAL Em`po*ret"ic, Em`po*ret"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. emporeticus, Gr. Emporium.]

Defn: Pertaining to an emporium; relating to merchandise. [Obs.] Johnson.

EMPORIUM Em*po"ri*um, n.; pl. Emporiums, L. Emporia. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. In, and Empiric, Fare.]

1. A place of trade; a market place; a mart; esp., a city or town with extensive commerce; the commercial center of a country. That wonderful emporium [Manchester] . . . was then a mean and ill- built market town. Macaulay. It is pride . . . which fills our streets, our emporiums, our theathers. Knox.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The brain. [Obs.]

EMPOVERISH Em*pov"er*ish, v. t.

Defn: See Impoverish.

EMPOWER Em*pow"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empowered; p. pr. & vb. n. Empowering.]

1. To give authority to; to delegate power to; to commission; to authorize (having commonly a legal force); as, the Supreme Court is empowered to try and decide cases, civil or criminal; the attorney is empowered to sign an acquittance, and discharge the debtor.

2. To give moral or physical power, faculties, or abilities to. "These eyes . . . empowered to gaze." Keble.

EMPRESS Em"press, n. Etym: [OE. empress, emperice, OF. empereis, empereris, fr. L. imperatrix, fem. of imperator. See Emperor.]

1. The consort of an emperor. Shak.

2. A female sovereign.

3. A sovereign mistress. "Empress of my soul." Shak. Empress cloth, a cloth for ladies' dresses, either wholly of wool, or with cotton warp and wool weft. It resembles merino, but is not twilled.

EMPRESSEMENT Em`presse`ment", n. [F., fr s'empresser to hasten.]

Defn: Demonstrative warmth or cordiality of manner; display of enthusiasm.

He grasped my hand with a nervous empressement. Poe.

EMPRINT Em*print", v. t. [Obs.]

Defn: See Imprint.

EMPRISE Em*prise", n. Etym: [OF. emprise, fr. emprendre to undertake; pref. em- (L. in) + F. prendre to take, L. prehendere, prendere; prae before + a verb akin to E. get. See Get, and cf. Enterprise, Impresa.] [Archaic]

1. An enterprise; endeavor; adventure. Chaucer. In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise. Spenser. The deeds of love and high emprise. Longfellow.

2. The qualifies which prompt one to undertake difficult and dangerous exploits. I love thy courage yet and bolt emprise; But here thy sword can do thee little stead. Milton.

EMPRISE Em*prise", v. t.

Defn: To undertake. [Obs.] Sackville.

EMPRISING Em*pris"ing, a. Etym: [From Emprise, v. t.]

Defn: Full of daring; adventurous. [Archaic] T. Campbell.

EMPRISON Em*pris"on, v. t. Etym: [Obs.]

Defn: See Imprison.

EMPROSTHOTONOS Em`pros*thot"o*nos, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A drawing of the body forward, in consequence of the spasmodic

## action of some of the muscles. Gross.

EMPTE Emp"te, v. t.

Defn: To empty. [Obs.] Chaucer.

EMPTIER Emp"ti*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, empties.

EMPTIER Emp"ti*er, compar.

Defn: of Empty.

EMPTINESS Emp"ti*ness, n. Etym: [From Empty.]

1. The state of being empty; absence of contents; void space; vacuum; as, the emptiness of a vessel; emptiness of the stomach.

2. Want of solidity or substance; unsatisfactoriness; inability to satisfy desire; vacuity; hollowness; the emptiness of earthly glory.

3. Want of knowledge; lack of sense; vacuity of mind. Eternal smiles his emptiness betray. Pope. The sins of emptiness, gossip, and spite. Tennyson.

EMPTION Emp"tion, n. Etym: [L. emptio, fr. emere to buy.]

Defn: The act of buying. [R.] Arbuthnot.

EMPTIONAL Emp"tion*al, a.

Defn: Capable of being purchased.

EMPTY Emp"ty, a. [Compar. Emptier; superl. Emptiest.] Etym: [AS. emtig, æmtig, æmetig, fr. æmta, æmetta, quiet, leisure, rest; of uncertain origin; cf. G. emsig busy.]

1. Containing nothing; not holding or having anything within; void of contents or appropriate contents; not filled; -- said of an inclosure, as a box, room, house, etc.; as, an empty chest, room, purse, or pitcher; an empty stomach; empty shackles.

2. Free; clear; devoid; -- often with of. "That fair female troop . . . empty of all good." Milton. I shall find you empty of that fault. Shak.

3. Having nothing to carry; unburdened. "An empty messenger." Shak. When ye go ye shall not go empty. Ex. iii. 21.

4. Destitute of effect, sincerity, or sense; -- said of language; as, empty words, or threats. Words are but empty thanks. Cibber.

5. Unable to satisfy; unsatisfactory; hollow; vain; -- said of pleasure, the world, etc. Pleas'd in the silent shade with empty praise. Pope.

6. Producing nothing; unfruitful; -- said of a plant or tree; as, an empty vine. Seven empty ears blasted with the east wind. Gen. xli. 27.

7. Destitute of, or lacking, sense, knowledge, or courtesy; as, empty brains; an empty coxcomb. That in civility thou seem'st so empty. Shak.

8. Destitute of reality, or real existence; unsubstantial; as, empty dreams.

Note: Empty is used as the first element in a compound; as, empty- handed, having nothing in the hands, destitute; empty-headed, having few ideas; empty-hearted, destitute of feeling.

Syn. -- See Vacant.

EMPTY Emp"ty, n.; pl. Empties (.

Defn: An empty box, crate, cask, etc.; -- used in commerce, esp. in transportation of freight; as, "special rates for empties."

EMPTY Emp"ty, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emptied; p. pr. & vb. n. Emptying.]

Defn: To deprive of the contents; to exhaust; to make void or destitute; to make vacant; to pour out; to discharge; as, to empty a vessel; to empty a well or a cistern. The clouds . . . empty themselves upon the earth. Eccl. xi. 3.

EMPTY Emp"ty, v. i.

1. To discharge itself; as, a river empties into the ocean.

2. To become empty. "The chapel empties." B. Jonson.

EMPTYING Emp"ty*ing, n.

1. The act of making empty. Shak.

2. pl.

Defn: The lees of beer, cider, etc.; yeast. [U.S.]

EMPUGN Em*pugn", v. t. Etym: [Obs.]

Defn: See Impugn.

EMPURPLE Em*pur"ple, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Empurpled; p. pr. & vb. n. Empurpling.] Etym: [Pref. em- + purple. Cf. Impurple.]

Defn: To tinge or dye of a purple color; to color with purple; to impurple. "The deep empurpled ran." Philips.

EMPUSE Em*puse", n. Etym: [LL. empusa, Gr.

Defn: A phantom or specter. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

EMPUZZLE Em*puz"zle, v. t. Etym: [Pref. em- + puzzle.]

Defn: To puzzle. [Archaic] Sir T. Browne.

EMPYEMA Em`py*e"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A collection of blood, pus, or other fluid, in some cavity of the body, especially that of the pleura. Dunglison.

Note: The term empyema is now restricted to a collection of pus in the cavity of the pleura.

EMPYESIS Em`py*e"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An eruption of pustules.

EMPYREAL Em*pyr"e*al, a. Etym: [L. empyrius, empyreus, fiery, Gr. In, and Fire.]

Defn: Formed of pure fire or light; refined beyond aërial substance; pertaining to the highest and purest region of heaven. Go, soar with Plato to the empyreal sphere. Pope. Empyreal air, oxygen gas.

EMPYREAL Em*pyr"e*al, n.

Defn: Empyrean. Mrs. Browning.

EMPYREAN Em`py*re"an, n. Etym: [See Empyreal.]

Defn: The highest heaven, where the pure element of fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist. The empyrean rung With hallelujahs. Milton.

EMPYREAN Em`py*re"an, a.

Defn: Empyreal. Akenside.

EMPYREUMA Em`py*reu"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. empyreume. See Empyreal.] (Chem.)

Defn: The peculiar smell and taste arising from products of decomposition of animal or vegetable substances when burnt in close vessels.

EMPYREUMATIC; EMPYREUMATICAL Em`py*reu*mat"ic, Em`py*reu*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. empyreumatique.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to empyreuma; as, an empyreumatic odor. Empyreumatic oils, oils obtained by distilling various organic substances at high temperatures. Brande & C.

EMPYREUMATIZE Em`py*reu"ma*tize, v. t.

Defn: To render empyreumatic. [R.]

EMPYRICAL Em*pyr"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Empyreal.]

Defn: Containing the combustible principle of coal. Kirwan.

EMPYROSIS Em"py*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: A general fire; a conflagration. [Obs.] Sir M. Hale.

EMRODS Em"rods, n. pl.

Defn: See Emerods. [Obs.]

EMU E"mu, n. Etym: [Cf. Pg. ema ostrich, F. émou, émeu, emu.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A large Australian bird, of two species (Dromaius Novæ- Hollandiæ and D. irroratus), related to the cassowary and the ostrich. The emu runs swiftly, but is unable to fly. [Written also emeu and emew.]

Note: The name is sometimes erroneously applied, by the Brazilians, to the rhea, or South American ostrich. Emu wren. See in the Vocabulary.

EMULABLE Em"u*la*ble, a. Etym: [L. aemulari to emulate + -able.]

Defn: Capable of being emulated. [R.] Some imitable and emulable good. Abp. Leighton.

EMULATE Em"u*late, a. Etym: [L. aemulatus, p. p. of aemulari, fr. aemulus emulous; prob. akin to E. imitate.]

Defn: Striving to excel; ambitious; emulous. [Obs.] "A most emulate pride." Shak.

EMULATE Em"u*late, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Emulated; p. pr. & vb. n. Emulating.]

Defn: To strive to equal or to excel in qualities or actions; to imitate, with a view to equal or to outdo, to vie with; to rival; as, to emulate the good and the great. Thine eye would emulate the diamond. Shak.

EMULATION Em`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. aemulatio: cf. F. émulation.]

1. The endeavor to equal or to excel another in qualities or actions; an assiduous striving to equal or excel another; rivalry. A noble emulation heats your breast. Dryden.

2. Jea Such factious emulations shall arise. Shak.

Syn. -- Competition; rivalry; contest; contention; strife. -- Emulation, Competition, Rivalry. Competition is the struggle of two or more persons for the same object. Emulation is an ardent desire for superiority, arising from competition, but now implying, of necessity, any improper feeling. Rivalry is a personal contest, and, almost of course, has a selfish object and gives rise to envy. "Competition and emulation have honor for their basis; rivalry is but a desire for selfish gratification. Competition and emulation animate to effort; rivalry usually produces hatred. Competition and emulation seek to merit success; rivalry is contented with obtaining it." Crabb.

EMULATIVE Em"u*la*tive, a.

Defn: Inclined to emulation; aspiring to competition; rivaling; as, an emulative person or effort. "Emulative zeal." Hoole.

EMULATIVELY Em"u*la*tive*ly, adv.

Defn: In an emulative manner; with emulation.

EMULATOR Em"u*la`tor, n. Etym: [L. aemulator.]

Defn: One who emulates, or strives to equal or surpass. As Virgil rivaled Homer, Milton was the emulator of both. Bp. Warburton.

EMULATORY Em"u*la*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to emulation; connected with rivalry. [R.] "Emulatory officiousness." Bp. Hall.

EMULATRESS Em"u*la`tress, n.

Defn: A female emulator. [R.]

EMULE Em"ule, v. t. Etym: [F. émuler. See Emulate.]

Defn: To emulate. [Obs.] "Emuled of many." Spenser.

EMULGE E*mulge", v. t. Etym: [L. emulgere, emulsum; e out + mulgere to milk; akin to E. milk. See Milk.]

Defn: To milk out; to drain. [Obs.] Bailey.

EMULGENT E*mul"gent, a. Etym: [L. emulgens, p. pr. of emulgere to milk out: cf. F. émulgent. So called because regarded by the ancients as straining out the serum, as if by milking, and so producing the urine.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the kidneys; renal; as, emulgent arteries and veins. -- n.

Defn: An emulgent vessel, as a renal artery or vein.

EMULGENT E*mul"gent, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that excites the flow of bile. [Obs.] Hoblyn.

EMULOUS Em"u*lous, a. Etym: [L. aemulus. See Emulate.]

1. Ambitiously desirous to equal or even to excel another; eager to emulate or vie with another; desirous of like excellence with another; -- with of; as, emulous of another's example or virtues.

2. Vying with; rivaling; hence, contentious, envious. "Emulous Carthage." B. Jonson. Emulous missions 'mongst the gods. Shak.

EMULOUSLY Em"u*lous*ly, adv.

Defn: In an emulous manner.

EMULOUSNESS Em"u*lous*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being emulous.

EMULSIC E*mul"sic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or produced from, emulsin; as, emulsic acid. Hoblyn.

EMULSIFY E*mul"si*fy, v. t. Etym: [Emulsion + -fy.]

Defn: To convert into an emulsion; to form an emulsion; to reduce from an oily substance to a milky fluid in which the fat globules are in a very finely divided state, giving it the semblance of solution; as, the pancreatic juice emulsifies the oily part of food.

EMULSIN E*mul"sin, n. Etym: [See Emulsion, Emulge.] (Chem.) (a) The white milky pulp or extract of bitter almonds. [R.] (b) An unorganized ferment (contained in this extract and in other vegetable juices), which effects the decomposition of certain glucosides.

EMULSION E*mul"sion, n. Etym: [From L. emulgere, emulsum: cf. F. émulsion. See Emulge.]

Defn: Any liquid preparation of a color and consistency resembling milk; as: (a) In pharmacy, an extract of seeds, or a mixture of oil and water united by a mucilaginous substance. (b) In photography, a liquid preparation of collodion holding salt of silver, used in the photographic process.

EMULSIVE E*mul"sive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. émulsif.]

1. Softening; milklike.

2. Yielding oil by expression; as, emulsive seeds.

3. Producing or yielding a milklike substance; as, emulsive acids.

EMUNCTORY E*munc"to*ry, n.; pl. Emunctories. Etym: [L. emunctorium a pair of snuffers, fr. emungere, emunctum, to blow the nose, hence, to wipe, cleanse; e out + mungere to blow the nose: cf. F. émonctoire, formerly spelled also émonctoire.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Any organ or part of the body (as the kidneys, skin, etc.,) which serves to carry off excrementitious or waste matter.

EMUSCATION Em`us*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. emuscare to clear from moss; e out + muscus moss.]

Defn: A freeing from moss. [Obs.]

EMU WREN E"mu wren`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small wrenlike Australian bird (Stipiturus malachurus), having the tail feathers long and loosely barbed, like emu feathers.

EMYD E"myd, n.; pl. E. Emyds, E. Emyd. Etym: [See Emydea.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fresh-water tortoise of the family Emydidæ.

EMYDEA E*myd"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Emys a genus of tortoises, L. emys a kind of fresh-water tortoise, Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of chelonians which comprises many species of fresh- water tortoises and terrapins.

EN- En-.

1. Etym: [F. en-, L. in.]

Defn: A prefix signifying in or into, used in many English words, chiefly those borrowed from the French. Some English words are written indifferently with en- or in-. For ease of pronunciation it is commonly changed to em- before p, b, and m, as in employ, embody, emmew. It is sometimes used to give a causal force, as in enable, enfeeble, to cause to be, or to make, able, or feeble; and sometimes merely gives an intensive force, as in enchasten. See In-.

2. A prefix from Gr. in; as, encephalon, entomology. See In-.

-EN -en.

1. A suffix from AS. -an, formerly used to form the plural of many nouns, as in ashen, eyen, oxen, all obs. except oxen. In some cases, such as children and brethren, it has been added to older plural forms.

2. A suffix corresponding to AS. -en and -on, formerly used to form the plural of verbs, as in housen, escapen.

3. A suffix signifying to make, to cause, used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives; as in strengthen, quicken, frighten. This must not be confused with -en corresponding in Old English to the AS. infinitive ending -an.

4. Etym: [AS. -en; akin to Goth. -eins, L. -inus, Gr.

Defn: An adjectival suffix, meaning made of; as in golden, leaden, wooden.

5. Etym: [AS. -en; akin to Skr. -na.]

Defn: The termination of the past participle of many strong verbs; as, in broken, gotten, trodden.

EN En, n. (Print.)

Defn: Half an em, that is, half of the unit of space in measuring printed matter. See Em.

ENABLE En*a"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enabled; p. pr. & vb. n. Enabling.]

1. To give strength or ability to; to make firm and strong. [Obs.] "Who hath enabled me." 1 Tim. i. 12. Receive the Holy Ghost, said Christ to his apostles, when he enabled them with priestly power. Jer. Taylor.

2. To make able (to do, or to be, something); to confer sufficient power upon; to furnish with means, opportunities, and the like; to render competent for; to empower; to endow. Temperance gives Nature her full play, and enables her to exert herself in all her force and vigor. Addison.

ENABLEMENT En*a"ble*ment, n.

Defn: The act of enabling, or the state of being enabled; ability. Bacon.

ENACT En*act", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enacted; p. pr. & vb. n. Enacting.]

1. To decree; to establish by legal and authoritative act; to make into a law; especially, to perform the legislative act with reference to (a bill) which gives it the validity of law.

2. To act; to perform; to do; to effect. [Obs.] The king enacts more wonders than a man. Shak.

3. To act the part of; to represent; to play. I did enact Julius Caesar. Shak. Enacting clause, that clause of a bill which formally expresses the legislative sanction.

ENACT En*act", n.

Defn: Purpose; determination. [Obs.]

ENACTIVE En*act"ive, a.

Defn: Having power to enact or establish as a law. Abp. Bramhall.

ENACTMENT En*act"ment, n.

1. The passing of a bill into a law; the giving of legislative sanction and executive approval to a bill whereby it is established as a law.

2. That which is enacted or passed into a law; a law; a decree; a statute; a prescribed requirement; as, a prohibitory enactment; a social enactment.

ENACTOR En*act"or, n.

Defn: One who enacts a law; one who decrees or establishes as a law. Atterbury.

ENACTURE En*ac"ture, n.

Defn: Enactment; resolution. [Obs.] Shak.

ENALIOSAUR En*al"i*o*saur`, n. (Paleon.)

Defn: One of the Enaliosauria.

ENALIOSAURIA En*al`i*o*sau"ri*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct group of marine reptiles, embracing both the Ichthyosauria and the Plesiosauria, now regarded as distinct orders.

ENALIOSAURIAN En*al`i*o*sau"ri*an, a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Pertaining to the Enaliosauria. -- n.

Defn: One of the Enaliosauria.

ENALLAGE E*nal"la*ge, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: A substitution, as of one part of speech for another, of one gender, number, case, person, tense, mode, or voice, of the same word, for another.

ENAMBUSH En*am"bush, v. t.

Defn: To ambush. [Obs.]

ENAMEL En*am"el, n. Etym: [Pref. en- + amel. See Amel, Smelt, v. t.]

1. A variety of glass, used in ornament, to cover a surface, as of metal or pottery, and admitting of after decoration in color, or used itself for inlaying or application in varied colors.

2. (Min.)

Defn: A glassy, opaque bead obtained by the blowpipe.

3. That which is enameled; also, any smooth, glossy surface, resembling enamel, especially if variegated.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: The intensely hard calcified tissue entering into the composition of teeth. It merely covers the exposed parts of the teeth of man, but in many animals is intermixed in various ways with the dentine and cement. Enamel painting, painting with enamel colors upon a ground of metal, porcelain, or the like, the colors being afterwards fixed by fire. -- Enamel paper, paper glazed a metallic coating.

ENAMEL En*am"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enameled or Enamelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Enameling or Enamelling.]

1. To lay enamel upon; to decorate with enamel whether inlaid or painted.

2. To variegate with colors as if with enamel. Oft he [the serpent]bowed His turret crest and sleek enameled neck. Milton.

3. To form a glossy surface like enamel upon; as, to enamel card paper; to enamel leather or cloth.

4. To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's complexion.

ENAMEL En*am"el, v. i.

Defn: To practice the art of enameling.

ENAMEL En*am"el, a.

Defn: Relating to the art of enameling; as, enamel painting. Tomlinson.

ENAMELAR En*am"el*ar, a.

Defn: Consisting of enamel; resembling enamel; smooth; glossy. [R.] Craig.

ENAMELED En*am"eled, a.

Defn: Coated or adorned with enamel; having a glossy or variegated surface; glazed. [Written also enamelled.]

ENAMELER; ENAMELIST En*am"el*er, En*am"el*ist, n.

Defn: One who enamels; a workman or artist who applies enamels in ornamental work. [Written also enameller, enamellist.]

ENAMOR En*am"or, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enamored; p. pr. & vb. n. Enamoring.] Etym: [OF. enamourer, enamorer; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. & F. amour love, L. amor. See Amour, and cf. Inamorato.]

Defn: To inflame with love; to charm; to captivate; -- with of, or with, before the person or thing; as, to be enamored with a lady; to be enamored of books or science. [Written also enamour.] Passionately enamored of this shadow of a dream. W. Irving.

ENAMORMENT En*am"or*ment, n.

Defn: The state of being enamored. [R.]

ENANTIOMORPHOUS E*nan`ti*o*mor"phous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Similar, but not superposable, i. e., related to each other as a right-handed to a left-handed glove; -- said of certain hemihedral crystals.

ENANTIOPATHIC E*nan`ti*o*path"ic, a. (Med.)

Defn: Serving to palliate; palliative. Dunglison.

ENANTIOPATHY E*nan`ti*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. An opposite passion or affection. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Allopathy; -- a term used by followers of Hahnemann, or homeopathists.

ENANTIOSIS E*nan`ti*o"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure of speech by which what is to be understood affirmatively is stated negatively, and the contrary; affirmation by contraries.

ENARCH En**arch", v. t.

Defn: To arch. [Obs.] Lydgate.

ENARCHED En*arched", a. (Her.)

Defn: Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or other ordinary.

ENARGITE En*ar"gite, n. (Min.)

Defn: An iron-black mineral of metallic luster, occurring in small orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains sulphur, arsenic, copper, and often silver.

ENARMED En*armed", a. (Her.)

Defn: Same as Armed, 3.

ENARRATION En`ar*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. enarratio. See Narration.]

Defn: A detailed exposition; relation. [Obs.] Hakewill.

ENARTHRODIA En`ar*thro"di*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Arthrodia.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Enarthrosis. -- En`ar*thro"di*al, a.

ENARTHROSIS En`ar*thro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A ball and socket joint, or the kind of articulation represented by such a joint. See Articulation.

ENASCENT E*nas"cent, a. Etym: [L. enascens, p. pr. of enasci to spring up; e out + nasci to be born.]

Defn: Coming into being; nascent. [Obs.] Bp. Warburton.

ENATATION E`na*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. enatare to swim out. See Natation.]

Defn: A swimming out. [Obs.] Bailey.

ENATE E*nate", a. Etym: [L. enatus, p. p. of enasci. See Enascent.]

Defn: Growing out.

ENATION E*na"tion, n. (Bot.)

Defn: Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a thing, as of a petal; also, the capacity or act of producing such an outgrowth.

ENAUNTER E*naun"ter, adv. Etym: [Pref. en- + aunter.]

Defn: Lest that. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENAVIGATE E*nav"i*gate, v. t. Etym: [L. enavigatus, p. p. of enavigare.]

Defn: To sail away or over. [Obs.] Cockeram.

ENBATTLED En*bat"tled, a.

Defn: Embattled. [Obs.]

ENBIBE En*bibe", v. t.

Defn: To imbibe. [Obs.] Skelton.

EN BLOC En` bloc". [F. Cf. Block, n. ]

Defn: In a lump; as a whole; all together. "Movement of the ossicles en bloc." Nature.

En bloc they are known as "the herd". W. A. Fraser.

ENBROUDE En*broud"e, v. t.

Defn: See Embroude.

ENCAENIA En*cæ"ni*a, n. pl.

Defn: = Encenia.

ENCAGE En*cage", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Engaging.] Etym: [Pref. en- + cage: cf. F. encager.]

Defn: To confine in a cage; to coop up. Shak.

ENCALENDAR En*cal"en*dar, v. t.

Defn: To register in a calendar; to calendar. Drayton.

ENCAMP En*camp", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encamped; p. pr. & vb. n. Encamping.]

Defn: To form and occupy a camp; to prepare and settle in temporary habitations, as tents or huts; to halt on a march, pitch tents, or form huts, and remain for the night or for a longer time, as an army or a company traveling. The host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim. 1 Chron. xi. 15.

ENCAMP En*camp", v. t.

Defn: To form into a camp; to place in a temporary habitation, or quarters. Bid him encamp his soldiers. Shak.

ENCAMPMENT En*camp"ment, n.

1. The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.

2. The place where an army or a company is encamped; a camp; tents pitched or huts erected for temporary lodgings. A square of about seven hundred yards was sufficient for the encampment of twenty thousand Romans. Gibbon. A green encampment yonder meets the eye. Guardian.

ENCANKER En*can"ker, v. t.

Defn: To canker. [Obs.]

ENCAPSULATION En*cap`su*la"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: The act of inclosing in a capsule; the growth of a membrane around (any part) so as to inclose it in a capsule.

ENCARNALIZE En*car"nal*ize, v. t.

Defn: To carnalize; to make gross. [R.] "Encarnalize their spirits." Tennyson.

ENCARPUS En*car"pus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. encarpa, pl., Gr. (Arch.)

Defn: An ornament on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons of fruit, flowers, leaves, etc. [Written also encarpa.]

ENCASE En*case", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Enchase.]

Defn: To inclose as in a case. See Incase. Beau. & Fl.

ENCASEMENT En*case"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. Casement.]

1. The act of encasing; also, that which encases.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: An old theory of generation similar to emboOvulist.

ENCASH En*cash", v. t. (Eng. Banking)

Defn: To turn into cash; to cash. Sat. Rev.

ENCASHMENT En*cash"ment, n. (Eng. Banking)

Defn: The payment in cash of a note, draft, etc.

ENCAUMA En*cau"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. Encaustic.] (Med.)

Defn: An ulcer in the eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss of the humors. Dunglison.

ENCAUSTIC En*caus"tic, a. Etym: [L. encausticus, Gr. encaustique. See Caustic, and cf. Ink.] (Fine Arts)

Defn: Prepared by means of heat; burned in. Encaustic painting (Fine Arts), painting by means of wax with which the colors are combined, and which is afterwards fused with hot irons, thus fixing the colors. -- Encaustic tile (Fine Arts), an earthenware tile which has a decorative pattern and is not wholly of one color.

ENCAUSTIC En*caus"tic, n. Etym: [L. encaustica, Gr. encaustique. See Encaustic, a.]

Defn: The method of painting in heated wax, or in any way where heat is used to fix the colors.

ENCAVE En*cave", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + cave: cf. F. encaver. Cf. Incavated.]

Defn: To hide in, or as in, a cave or recess. "Do but encave yourself." Shak.

-ENCE -ence. Etym: [F. -ence, L. -entia.]

Defn: A noun suffix signifying action, state, or quality; also, that which relates to the action or state; as in emergence, diffidence, diligence, influence, difference, excellence. See -ance.

ENCEINTE En`ceinte", n. Etym: [F., fr. enceindre to gird about, surround, L. incingere; in (intens). + cingere to gird. See Cincture.]

1. (Fort.)

Defn: The line of works which forms the main inclosure of a fortress or place; -- called also body of the place.

2. The area or town inclosed by a line of fortification. The suburbs are not unfrequently larger than their enceinte. S. W. Williams.

ENCEINTE En`ceinte", a. Etym: [F., fr. L. in not + cinctus, p. p. of cingere to gird about.]

Defn: Pregnant; with child.

ENCENIA En*ce"ni*a, n. pl. Etym: [LL. encaenia, fr. Gr.

Defn: A festival commemorative of the founding of a city or the consecration of a church; also, the ceremonies (as at Oxford and Cambridge, England) commemorative of founders or benefactors.

ENCENSE En*cense", v. t. & i. Etym: [F. encenser, fr. encens. See Incense, n.]

Defn: To offer incense to or upon; to burn incense. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENCEPHALIC En`ce*phal"ic, a. Etym: [See Encephalon.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the encephalon or brain.

ENCEPHALITIS En*ceph`a*li"tis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the brain. -- En`ceph*a*lit"ic, a.

ENCEPHALOCELE En*ceph"a*lo*cele, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Hernia of the brain.

ENCEPHALOID En*ceph"a*loid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.]

Defn: Resembling the material of the brain; cerebriform. Encephaloid cancer (Med.), a very malignant form of cancer of brainlike consistency. See under Cancer.

ENCEPHALOID En*ceph"a*loid, n.

Defn: An encephaloid cancer.

ENCEPHALOLOGY En*ceph`a*lol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the brain, its structure and functions.

ENCEPHALON En*ceph"a*lon, n. Etym: [NL. See Encephalos.] (Anat.)

Defn: The contents of the cranium; the brain.

ENCEPHALOPATHY En*ceph`a*lop"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Any disease or symptoms of disease referable to disorders of the brain; as, lead encephalopathy, the cerebral symptoms attending chronic lead poisoning.

ENCEPHALOS En*ceph"a*los, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The encephalon. In man the encephalos reaches its full size about seven years of age. Sir W. Hamilton.

ENCEPHALOTOMY En*ceph`a*lot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The act or art of dissecting the brain.

ENCEPHALOUS En*ceph"a*lous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a head; -- said of most Mollusca; -- opposed to acephalous.

ENCHAFE En*chafe", v. t.

Defn: To chafe; to enrage; to heat. [Obs.] Shak.

ENCHAFING En*chaf"ing, n.

Defn: Heating; burning. [Obs.] The wicked enchaufing or ardure of this sin [lust]. Chaucer.

ENCHAIN En*chain", v. t. Etym: [F. enchaîner; pref. en- (L. in) chaîne chain. See Chain, and cf. Incatenation.]

1. To bind with a chain; to hold in chains.

2. To hold fast; to confine; as, to enchain attention.

3. To link together; to connect. Howell.

ENCHAINMENT En*chain"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. enchaînement.]

Defn: The act of enchaining, or state of being enchained.

ENCHAIR En*chair", v. t.

Defn: To seat in a chair. Tennyson.

ENCHANNEL En*chan"nel, v. t.

Defn: To make run in a channel. "Its waters were enchanneled." Sir D. Brewster.

ENCHANT En*chant", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enchanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Enchanting.] Etym: [F. enchanter, L. incantare to chant or utter a magic formula over or against one, to bewitch; in in, against + cantare to sing. See Chant, and cf. Incantation.]

1. To charm by sorcery; to act on by enchantment; to get control of by magical words and rites. And now about the caldron sing, Like elves and fairies in a ring, Enchanting all that you put in. Shak. He is enchanted, cannot speak. Tennyson.

2. To delight in a high degree; to charm; to enrapture; as, music enchants the ear. Arcadia was the charmed circle where all his spirits forever should be enchanted. Sir P. Sidney.

Syn. -- To charm; bewitch; fascinate. Cf. Charm.

ENCHANTED En*chant"ed, a.

Defn: Under the power of enchantment; possessed or exercised by enchanters; as, an enchanted castle.

ENCHANTER En*chant"er, n. Etym: [Cf. F. enchanteur.]

Defn: One who enchants; a sorcerer or magician; also, one who delights as by an enchantment. Like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing. Shelley. Enchanter's nightshade (Bot.), a genus (Circæa) of low inconspicuous, perennial plants, found in damp, shady places.

ENCHANTING En*chant"ing, a.

Defn: Having a power of enchantment; charming; fascinating. -- En*chant"ing*ly, adv.

ENCHANTMENT En*chant"ment, n. Etym: [F. enchantement.]

1. The act of enchanting; the production of certain wonderful effects by the aid of demons, or the agency of supposed spirits; the use of magic arts, spells, or charms; incantation. After the last enchantment you did here. Shak.

2. The effect produced by the act; the state of being enchanted; as, to break an enchantment.

3. That which captivates the heart and senses; an influence or power which fascinates or highly delights. Such an enchantment as there is in words. South.

Syn. -- Incantation; necromancy; magic; sorcery; witchcraft; spell; charm; fascination; witchery.

ENCHANTRESS En*chant"ress, n. Etym: [Cf. F. enchanteresse.]

Defn: A woman versed in magical arts; a sorceress; also, a woman who fascinates. Shak.

ENCHARGE En*charge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encharged; p. pr. & vb. n. Encharging.] Etym: [OF. enchargier, F. encharger; pref. en- (L. in) + F. charger. See Charge.]

Defn: To charge (with); to impose (a charge) upon. His countenance would express the spirit and the passion of the part he was encharged with. Jeffrey.

ENCHARGE En*charge", n.

Defn: A charge. [Obs.] A. Copley.

ENCHASE En*chase", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enchased; p. pr. & vb. n. Enchasing.] Etym: [F. enchâsser; pref. en- (L. in) + châsse box containing relics, frame, case, the same word as caisse case. See 1st Case, and cf. Chase, Encase, Incase.]

1. To incase or inclose in a border or rim; to surround with an ornamental casing, as a gem with gold; to encircle; to inclose; to adorn. Enchased with a wanton ivy twine. Spenser. An precious stones, in studs of gold enchased, The shaggy velvet of his buskins graced. Mickle.

2. To chase; to ornament by embossing or engraving; as, to enchase a watch case. With golden letters . . . well enchased. Spenser.

3. To delineate or describe, as by writing. [Obs.] All which . . . for to enchase, Him needeth sure a golden pen, I ween. Spenser.

ENCHASER En*chas"er, n.

Defn: One who enchases.

ENCHASTEN En*chas"ten, v. t.

Defn: To chasten. [Obs.]

ENCHESON; ENCHEASON En*che"son, En*chea"son, n. Etym: [OF. enchaison, fr. L. incidere to happen; in + cadere to fall.]

Defn: Occasion, cause, or reason. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENCHEST En*chest", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Inchest.]

Defn: To inclose in a chest. Vicars.

ENCHIRIDION En`chi*rid"i*on, n. Etym: [L., from Gr.

Defn: Handbook; a manual of devotions. Evelyn.

ENCHISEL En*chis"el, v. t.

Defn: To cut with a chisel.

ENCHODUS En"cho*dus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of extinct Cretaceous fishes; -- so named from their spear-shaped teeth. They were allied to the pike (Esox).

ENCHONDROMA En`chon*dro"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A cartilaginous tumor growing from the interior of a bone. Quain.

ENCHORIAL; ENCHORIC En*cho"ri*al, En*chor"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Belonging to, or used in, a country; native; domestic; popular; common; -- said especially of the written characters employed by the common people of ancient Egypt, in distinction from the hieroglyphics. See Demotic.

ENCHYLEMMA En`chy*lem"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The basal substance of the cell nucleus; a hyaline or granular substance, more or less fluid during life, in which the other parts of the nucleus are imbedded.

ENCHYMA En"chy*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The primitive formative juice, from which the tissues,

## particularly the cellular tissue, are formed.

ENCINCTURE En*cinc"ture, n.

Defn: A cincture. [Poetic] The vast encincture of that gloomy sea. Wordsworth.

ENCINDERED En*cin"dered, a.

Defn: Burnt to cinders. [R.]

ENCIRCLE En*cir"cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encircled; p. pr. & vb. n. Encircling.] Etym: [Pref. en- + circle: cf. OF. encercler.]

Defn: To form a circle about; to inclose within a circle or ring; to surround; as, to encircle one in the arms; the army encircled the city. Her brows encircled with his serpent rod. Parnell.

Syn. -- To encompass; surround; environ; inclose.

ENCIRCLET En*cir"clet, n. Etym: [Encircle + -let.]

Defn: A small circle; a ring. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney.

ENCLASP En*clasp", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + clasp. Cf. Inclasp.]

Defn: To clasp. See Inclasp.

ENCLAVE En*clave", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. in + clavus a nail.]

Defn: A tract of land or a territory inclosed within another territory of which it is independent. See Exclave. [Recent]

ENCLAVE En*clave", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. enclaver.]

Defn: To inclose within an alien territory. [Recent]

ENCLAVEMENT En*clave"ment, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The state of being an enclave. [Recent]

ENCLITIC; ENCLITICAL En*clit"ic, En*clit"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. encliticus, Gr. In, and Lean, v. i.] (Gram.)

Defn: Affixed; subjoined; -- said of a word or particle which leans back upon the preceding word so as to become a part of it, and to lose its own independent accent, generally varying also the accent of the preceding word.

ENCLITIC En*clit"ic, n. (Gram.)

Defn: A word which is joined to another so closely as to lose its proper accent, as the pronoun thee in prithee (pray thee).

ENCLITICALLY En*clit"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an enclitic manner; by throwing the accent back. Walker.

ENCLITICS En*clit"ics, n. (Gram.)

Defn: The art of declining and conjugating words.

ENCLOISTER En*clois"ter, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Incloister.]

Defn: To shut up in a cloister; to cloister.

ENCLOSE En*close", v. t. Etym: [F. enclos, p. p. of enclore to enclose; pref. en- (L. in) + clore to close. See Close, and cf. Inclose, Include.]

Defn: To inclose. See Inclose.

ENCLOSURE En*clo"sure, n.

Defn: Inclosure. See Inclosure.

Note: The words enclose and enclosure are written indiscriminately enclose or inclose and enclosure or inclosure.

ENCLOTHE En*clothe", v. t.

Defn: To clothe.

ENCLOUD En*cloud", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Incloud.]

Defn: To envelop in clouds; to cloud. [R.] Spenser.

ENCOACH En*coach", v. t. Etym: [Cf. Incoach.]

Defn: To carry in a coach. [R.] Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)

ENCOFFIN En*cof"fin, v. t.

Defn: To put in a coffin. [R.]

ENCOLDEN En*cold"en, v. t.

Defn: To render cold. [Obs.]

ENCOLLAR En*col"lar, v. t.

Defn: To furnish or surround with a collar. [R.]

ENCOLOR En*col"or, v. t.

Defn: To color. [R.]

ENCOLURE En`co`lure", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The neck of horse. R. Browning.

ENCOMBER En*com"ber, v. t.

Defn: See Encumber. [Obs.]

ENCOMBERMENT En*com"ber*ment, n. Etym: [See Encumberment.]

Defn: Hindrance; molestation.[Obs.] Spenser.

ENCOMIAST En*co"mi*ast, n. Etym: [Gr. encomiaste. See Encomium.]

Defn: One who praises; a panegyrist. Locke.

ENCOMIASTIC; ENCOMIASTICAL En*co`mi*as"tic, En*co`mi*as"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Bestowing praise; praising; eulogistic; laudatory; as, an encomiastic address or discourse. -- En*co`mi*as"tic*al*ly, adv.

ENCOMIASTIC En*co`mi*as"tic, n.

Defn: A panegyric. B. Jonson.

ENCOMION En*co"mi*on, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: Encomium; panegyric. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

ENCOMIUM En*co"mi*um, n.; pl. Encomiums. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Comedy.]

Defn: Warm or high praise; panegyric; strong commendation. His encomiums awakened all my ardor. W. Irving.

Syn. -- See Eulogy.

ENCOMPASS En*com"pass, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encompassed; p. pr. & vb. n. Encompassing.]

Defn: To circumscribe or go round so as to surround closely; to encircle; to inclose; to environ; as, a ring encompasses the finger; an army encompasses a city; a voyage encompassing the world. Shak. A question may be encompassed with difficulty. C. J. Smith. The love of all thy sons encompass thee. Tennyson.

Syn. -- To encircle; inclose; surround; include; environ; invest; hem in; shut up.

ENCOMPASSMENT En*com"pass*ment, n.

Defn: The act of surrounding, or the state of being surrounded; circumvention. By this encompassment and drift of question. Shak.

ENCORE En`core", adv. or interj. Etym: [F. The last part of the word is fr. L. hora hour. See Hour.]

Defn: Once more; again; -- used by the auditors and spectators of plays, concerts, and other entertainments, to call for a repetition of a particular part.

ENCORE En`core", n.

Defn: A call or demand (as, by continued applause) for a repetition; as, the encores were numerous.

ENCORE En`core", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encored; p. pr. & vb. n. Encoring.]

Defn: To call for a repetition or reappearance of; as, to encore a song or a singer. [Rebecca] insisted upon encoring one of the duets. Thackeray.

ENCORPORING En*cor"po*ring, n. Etym: [Pref. en- + L. corpus body.]

Defn: Incorporation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENCOUBERT En`cou`bert", n. Etym: [F., Pg. encorberto, encuberto, lit., covered.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of several species of armadillos of the genera Dasypus and Euphractus, having five toes both on the fore and hind feet.

ENCOUNTER En*coun"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encountered; p. pr. & vb. n. Encountering.] Etym: [OF. encontrer; pref. en- (L. in) + contre against, L. contra. See Counter, adv.]

Defn: To come against face to face; to meet; to confront, either by chance, suddenly, or deliberately; especially, to meet in opposition or with hostile intent; to engage in conflict with; to oppose; to struggle with; as, to encounter a friend in traveling; two armies encounter each other; to encounter obstacles or difficulties, to encounter strong evidence of a truth. Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics, encountered him. Acts xvii. 18. I am most fortunate thus accidentally to encounter you. Shak.

ENCOUNTER En*coun"ter, v. i.

Defn: To meet face to face; to have a meeting; to meet, esp. as enemies; to engage in combat; to fight; as, three armies encountered at Waterloo. I will encounter with Andronicus. Shak. Perception and judgment, employed in the investigation of all truth, have in the first place to encounter with particulars. Tatham.

ENCOUNTER En*coun"ter, n. Etym: [OF. encontre, fr. encontrer. See Encounter, v. t.]

1. A meeting face to face; a running against; a sudden or incidental meeting; an interview. To shun the encounter of the vulgar crowd. Pope.

2. A meeting, with hostile purpose; hence, a combat; a battle; as, a bloody encounter. As one for . . . fierce encounters fit. Spenser. To join their dark encounter in mid-air. Milton .

Syn. -- Contest; conflict; fight; combat; assault; rencounter; attack; engagement; onset. See Contest.

ENCOUNTERER En*coun"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who encounters; an opponent; an antagonist. Atterbury.

ENCOURAGE En*cour"age (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encouraged (; 48); p. pr. & vb. n. Encouraging.] Etym: [F. encourager; pref. en- (L. in) + courage courage. See Courage.]

Defn: To give courage to; to inspire with courage, spirit, or hope; to raise, or to increase, the confidence of; to animate; enhearten; to incite; to help forward; -- the opposite of discourage. David encouraged himself in the Lord. 1 Sam. xxx. 6.

Syn. -- To embolden; inspirit; animate; enhearten; hearten; incite; cheer; urge; impel; stimulate; instigate; countenance; comfort; promote; advance; forward; strengthen.

ENCOURAGEMENT En*cour"age*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. encouragement.]

1. The act of encouraging; incitement to action or to practice; as, the encouragement of youth in generosity. All generous encouragement of arts. Otway.

2. That which serves to incite, support, promote, or advance, as favor, countenance, reward, etc.; incentive; increase of confidence; as, the fine arts find little encouragement among a rude people. To think of his paternal care, Is a most sweet encouragement to prayer. Byron.

ENCOURAGER En*cour"a*ger, n.

Defn: One who encourages, incites, or helps forward; a favorer. The pope is . . . a great encourager of arts. Addison.

ENCOURAGING En*cour"a*ging, a.

Defn: Furnishing ground to hope; inspiriting; favoring. -- En*cour"a*ging*ly, adv.

ENCOWL En*cowl", v. t.

Defn: To make a monk (or wearer of a cowl) of. [R.] Drayton.

ENCRADLE En*cra"dle, v. t.

Defn: To lay in a cradle.

ENCRATITE En"cra*tite, n. Etym: [L. Encratitae, pl., fr. Gr. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of a sect in the 2d century who abstained from marriage, wine, and animal food; -- called also Continent.

ENCREASE En*crease", v. t. &

Defn: i. [Obs.] See Increase.

ENCRIMSON En*crim"son, v. t.

Defn: To give a crimson or red color to; to crimson. Shak.

ENCRINIC; ENCRINAL; ENCRINITAL En*crin"ic, En*cri"nal, En*crin"i*tal, a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Relating to encrinites; containing encrinites, as certain kinds of limestone.

ENCRINITE En"cri*nite, n. Etym: [Gr. encrinite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil crinoid, esp. one belonging to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus. Sometimes used in a general sense for any crinoid.

ENCRINITIC; ENCRINITICAL En`cri*nit"ic, En`cri*nit"ic*al, a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Pertaining to encrinites; encrinal.

ENCRINOIDEA En`cri*noid"e*a, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Encrinus and -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: That order of the Crinoidea which includes most of the living and many fossil forms, having jointed arms around the margin of the oral disk; -- also called Brachiata and Articulata. See Illusts. under Comatula and Crinoidea.

ENCRINUS En"cri*nus, n.; pl. Encrini. Etym: [NL. See Encrinite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A genus of fossil encrinoidea, from the Mesozoic rocks.

ENCRISPED En*crisped", a.

Defn: Curled. [Obs.] Skelton.

ENCROACH En*croach", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Encroached; p. pr. & vb. n. Encroaching.] Etym: [OF. encrochier to perch, prop., to hook, fasten a hook (perh. confused with acrochier, F. accrocher, to hook, get hold of, E. accroach); pref. en- (L. in) + F. croc hook. See Crook, and cf. Accroach.]

Defn: To enter by gradual steps or by stealth into the possessions or rights of another; to trespass; to intrude; to trench; -- commonly with on or upon; as, to encroach on a neighbor; to encroach on the highway. No sense, faculty, or member must encroach upon or interfere with the duty and office of another. South. Superstition, . . . a creeping and encroaching evil. Hooker. Exclude the encroaching cattle from thy ground. Dryden.

Syn. -- To intrude; trench; infringe; invade; trespass.

ENCROACH En*croach", n.

Defn: Encroachment. [Obs.] South.

ENCROACHER En*croach"er, n.

Defn: One who by gradual steps enters on, and takes possession of, what is not his own.

ENCROACHINGLY En*croach"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: By way of encroachment.

ENCROACHMENT En*croach"ment, n.

1. The act of entering gradually or silently upon the rights or possessions of another; unlawful intrusion. An unconstitutional encroachment of military power on the civil establishment. Bancroft.

2. That which is taken by encroaching on another.

3. (Law)

Defn: An unlawful diminution of the possessions of another.

ENCRUST En*crust", v. t.

Defn: To incrust. See Incrust.

ENCRUSTMENT En*crust"ment, n.

Defn: That which is formed as a crust; incrustment; incrustation. Disengaging truth from its encrustment of error. I. Taylor.

ENCUMBER En*cum"ber, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Encumbered; p. pr. & vb. n. Encumbering.] Etym: [F. encombrer; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. combrer to hinder. See Cumber, and cf. Incumber.] [Written also incumber.]

1. To impede the motion or action of, as with a burden; to retard with something superfluous; to weigh down; to obstruct or embarrass; as, his movements were encumbered by his mantle; his mind is encumbered with useless learning. Not encumbered with any notable inconvenience. Hooker.

2. To load with debts, or other legal claims; as, to encumber an estate with mortgages.

Syn. -- To load; clog; oppress; overload; embarrass; perplex; hinder; retard; obstruct; check; block.

ENCUMBERMENT En*cum"ber*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. encombrement.]

Defn: Encumbrance. [R.]

ENCUMBRANCE En*cum"brance, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. encombrance. Cf. Incumbrance.]

1. That which encumbers; a burden which impedes action, or renders it difficult and laborious; a clog; an impediment. See Incumbrance.

2. (Law)

Defn: Same as Incumbrance.

Syn. -- Burden; clog; impediment; check; hindrance.

ENCUMBRANCER En*cum"bran*cer, n. (Law)

Defn: Same as Incumbrancer.

ENCURTAIN En*cur"tain, v. t.

Defn: To inclose with curtains.

-ENCY -en*cy. Etym: [L. -entia.]

Defn: A noun suffix having much the same meaning as -ence, but more commonly signifying the quality or state; as, emergency, efficiency. See -ancy.

ENCYCLIC; ENCYCLICAL En*cyc"lic, En*cyc"li*cal, a. Etym: [L. encyclios of a circle, general, Gr. encyclique. See Cycle.]

Defn: Sent to many persons or places; intended for many, or for a whole order of men; general; circular; as, an encyclical letter of a council, of a bishop, or the pope.

ENCYCLIC; ENCYCLICAL En*cyc"lic, En*cyc"li*cal, n.

Defn: An encyclical letter, esp. one from a pope. Shipley.

ENCYCLOPEDIA; ENCYCLOPAEDIA En*cy`clo*pe"di*a, En*cy`clo*pæ"di*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. encyclopédie. See Cyclopedia, and Encyclical.] [Formerly written encyclopædy and encyclopedy.]

Defn: The circle of arts and sciences; a comprehensive summary of knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge; esp., a work in which the various branches of science or art are discussed separately, and usually in alphabetical order; a cyclopedia.

ENCYCLOPEDIACAL En*cy`clo*pe*di"a*cal, a.

Defn: Encyclopedic.

ENCYCLOPEDIAN En*cy`clo*pe"di*an, a.

Defn: Embracing the whole circle of learning, or a wide range of subjects.

ENCYCLOPEDIC; ENCYCLOPEDICAL En*cy`clo*ped"ic, En*cy`clo*ped"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. encyclopédique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the nature of, an encyclopedia; embracing a wide range of subjects.

ENCYCLOPEDISM En*cy`clo*pe"dism, n.

Defn: The art of writing or compiling encyclopedias; also, possession of the whole range of knowledge; encyclopedic learning.

ENCYCLOPEDIST En*cy`clo*pe"dist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. encyclopédiste.]

Defn: The compiler of an encyclopedia, or one who assists in such compilation; also, one whose knowledge embraces the whole range of the sciences. The Encyclopedists, the writers of the great French encyclopedia which appeared in 1751-1772. The editors were Diderot and D'Alembert. Among the contributors were Voltaire and Rousseau.

ENCYST En*cyst", v. t.

Defn: To inclose in a cyst.

ENCYSTATION En`cys*ta"tion, n.

Defn: Encystment.

ENCYSTED En*cyst"ed, a.

Defn: Inclosed in a cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle; as, an encysted tumor. The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's fang. Coleridge.

ENCYSTMENT En*cyst"ment, n.

1. (Biol.)

Defn: A process which, among some of the lower forms of life, precedes reproduction by budding, fission, spore formation, etc.

Note: The animal (a) first contracts its body to a globular mass (b) and then secretes a transparent cyst (c), after which the mass divides into two or more parts (as in d e), each of which attains freedom by the bursting of the cyst, and becomes an individual animal.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A process by which many internal parasites, esp. in their larval states, become inclosed within a cyst in the muscles, liver, etc. See Trichina.

END End, n. Etym: [OE. & AS. ende; akin to OS. endi, D. einde, eind, OHG. enti, G. ende, Icel. endir, endi, Sw. ände, Dan. ende, Goth. andeis, Skr. anta. Ante-, Anti-, Answer.]

1. The extreme or last point or part of any material thing considered lengthwise (the extremity of breadth being side); hence, extremity, in general; the concluding part; termination; close; limit; as, the end of a field, line, pole, road; the end of a year, of a discourse; put an end to pain; -- opposed to Ant: beginning, when used of anything having a first part. Better is the end of a thing than the beginning thereof. Eccl. vii. 8.

2. Point beyond which no procession can be made; conclusion; issue; result, whether successful or otherwise; conclusive event; consequence. My guilt be on my head, and there an end. Shak. O that a man might know The end of this day's business ere it come! Shak.

3. Termination of being; death; destruction; extermination; also, cause of death or destruction. Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end. Pope. Confound your hidden falsehood, and award Either of you to be the other's end. Shak. I shall see an end of him. Shak.

4. The object aimed at in any effort considered as the close and effect of exertion; ppurpose; intention; aim; as, to labor for private or public ends. Losing her, the end of living lose. Dryden. When every man is his own end, all things will come to a bad end. Coleridge.

5. That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a scrap; as, odds and ends. I clothe my naked villainy With old odd ends stolen out of holy writ, And seem a saint, when most I play the devil. Shak.

6. (Carpet Manuf.)

Defn: One of the yarns of the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.

An end. (a) On end; upright; erect; endways. Spenser (b) To the end; continuously. [Obs.] Richardson. -- End bulb (Anat.), one of the bulblike bodies in which some sensory nerve fibers end in certain parts of the skin and mucous membranes; -- also called end corpuscles. -- End fly, a bobfly. -- End for end, one end for the other; in reversed order. -- End man, the last man in a row; one of the two men at the extremities of a line of minstrels. -- End on (Naut.), bow foremost. -- End organ (Anat.), the structure in which a nerve fiber ends, either peripherally or centrally. -- End plate (Anat.), one of the flat expansions in which motor nerve fibers terminate on muscular fibers. -- End play (Mach.), movement endwise, or room for such movement. -- End stone (Horol.), one of the two plates of a jewel in a timepiece; the part that limits the pivot's end play. -- Ends of the earth, the remotest regions of the earth. -- In the end, finally. Shak. -- On end, upright; erect. -- To the end, in order. Bacon. -- To make both ends meet, to live within one's income. Fuller. -- To put an end to, to destroy.

END End, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ended; p. pr. & vb. n. Ending.]

1. To bring to an end or conclusion; to finish; to close; to terminate; as, to end a speech. "I shall end this strife." Shak. On the seventh day God ended his work. Gen. ii. 2.

2. To form or be at the end of; as, the letter k ends the word back.

3. To destroy; to put to death. "This sword hath ended him." Shak. To end up, to lift or tilt, so as to set on end; as, to end up a hogshead.

END End, v. i.

Defn: To come to the ultimate point; to be finished; to come to a close; to cease; to terminate; as, a voyage ends; life ends; winter ends.

ENDABLE End"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be ended; terminable.

ENDALL; END-ALL End"*all`, n.

Defn: Complete termination. [R.] That but this blow Might be the be-all and the end-all here. Shak.

ENDAMAGE En*dam"age (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endamaged (; 48); p. pr. & vb. n. Endamaging.] Etym: [Pref. en- + damage: cf. F. endommager.]

Defn: To bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure. [R.] The trial hath endamaged thee no way. Milton.

ENDAMAGEABLE En*dam"age*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being damaged, or injured; damageable. [Obs.]

ENDAMAGEMENT En*dam"age*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. endommagement.]

Defn: Damage; injury; harm. [Obs.] Shak.

ENDAMNIFY En*dam"ni*fy, v. t.

Defn: To damnify; to injure. [R.] Sandys.

ENDANGER En*dan"ger, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endangered; p. pr. & vb. n. Endangering.]

1. To put to hazard; to bring into danger or peril; to expose to loss or injury; as, to endanger life or peace. All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised without endangering him. Burke.

2. To incur the hazard of; to risk. [Obs.] He that turneth the humors back . . . endangereth malign ulcers. Bacon.

ENDANGERMENT En*dan"ger*ment, n.

Defn: Hazard; peril. Milton.

ENDARK En*dark", v. t.

Defn: To darken. [Obs.] Feltham.

ENDASPIDEAN En`das*pid"e*an, a. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the anterior scutes extending around the tarsus on the inner side; -- said of certain birds.

ENDAZZLE En*daz"zle, v. t.

Defn: To dazzle. [Obs.] "Endazzled eyes." Milton.

ENDEAR En*dear", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endeared; p. pr. & vb. n. Endearing.]

1. To make dear or beloved. "To be endeared to a king." Shak.

2. To raise the price or cost of; to make costly or expensive. [R.] King James I. (1618).

ENDEAREDLY En*dear"ed*ly, adv.

Defn: With affection or endearment; dearly.

ENDEAREDNESS En*dear"ed*ness, n.

Defn: State of being endeared.

ENDEARING En*dear"ing, a.

Defn: Making dear or beloved; causing love. -- En*dear"ing*ly, adv.

ENDEARMENT En*dear"ment, n.

Defn: The act of endearing or the state of being endeared; also, that which manifests, excites, or increases, affection. "The great endearments of prudent and temperate speech." Jer. Taylor. Her first endearments twining round the soul. Thomson.

ENDEAVOR En*deav"or, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endeavored; p. pr. & vb. n. Endeavoring.] Etym: [OE. endevor; pref. en- + dever, devoir, duty, F. devoir: cf. F. se mettre en devoir de faire quelque chose to try to do a thing, to go about it. See Devoir, Debt.] [Written also endeavour.]

Defn: To exert physical or intellectual strength for the attainment of; to use efforts to effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try; to attempt. It is our duty to endeavor the recovery of these beneficial subjects. Ld. Chatham. To endeavor one's self, to exert one's self strenuously to the fulfillment of a duty. [Obs.] "A just man that endeavoreth himself to leave all wickedness." Latimer.

ENDEAVOR En*deav"or, v. i.

Defn: To exert one's self; to work for a certain end. And such were praised who but endeavored well. Pope.

Note: Usually with an infinitive; as, to endeavor to outstrip an antagonist. He had . . . endeavored earnestly to do his duty. Prescott.

Syn. -- To attempt; try; strive; struggle; essay; aim; seek.

ENDEAVOR En*deav"or, n. Etym: [Written also endeavour.]

Defn: An exertion of physical or intellectual strength toward the attainment of an object; a systematic or continuous attempt; an effort; a trial. To employ all my endeavor to obey you. Sir P. Sidney. To do one's endeavor, to do one's duty; to put forth strenuous efforts to attain an object; -- a phrase derived from the Middle English phrase "to do one's dever" (duty). "Mr. Prynne proceeded to show he had done endeavor to prepare his answer." Fuller.

Syn. -- Essay; trial; effort; exertion. See Attempt.

ENDEAVORER En*deav"or*er, n.

Defn: One who makes an effort or attempt. [Written also endeavourer.]

ENDEAVORMENT En*deav"or*ment, n.

Defn: Act of endeavoring; endeavor. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENDECAGON En*dec"a*gon, n. Etym: [See Hendecagon.] (Geom.)

Defn: A plane figure of eleven sides and angles.

ENDECAGYNOUS En`de*cag"y*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having eleven pistils; as, an endecagynous flower.

ENDECANE En"de*cane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: One of the higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin series, C11H24, found as a constituent of petroleum. [Written also hendecane.]

ENDECAPHYLLOUS En`de*caph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Composed of eleven leaflets; -- said of a leaf.

ENDEICTIC En*deic"tic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Serving to show or exhibit; as, an endeictic dialogue, in the Platonic philosophy, is one which exhibits a specimen of skill. Enfield.

ENDEIXIS En*deix"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Endeictic.] (Med.)

Defn: An indication.

ENDEMIAL En*de"mi*al, a.

Defn: Endemic. [R.]

ENDEMIC; ENDEMICAL En*de"mic, En*de"mic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. endémique.] (Med.)

Defn: Peculiar to a district or particular locality, or class of persons; as, an endemic disease.

Note: An endemic disease is one which is constantly present to a greater or less degree in any place, as distinguished from an epidemic disease, which prevails widely at some one time, or periodically, and from a sporadic disease, of which a few instances occur now and then.

ENDEMIC En*dem"ic, n. (Med.)

Defn: An endemic disease. Fear, which is an endemic latent in every human heart, sometimes rises into an epidemic. J. B. Heard.

ENDEMICALLY En*dem"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an endemic manner.

ENDEMIOLOGY En*dem`i*ol"o*gy, n.

Defn: The science which treats of endemic affections.

ENDENIZATION En*den`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of naturalizing. [R.]

ENDENIZE En*den"ize, v. t.

Defn: To endenizen. [Obs.]

ENDENIZEN En*den"i*zen, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + denizen. Cf. Indenizen.]

Defn: To admit to the privileges of a denizen; to naturalize. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

ENDER End"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, makes an end of something; as, the ender of my life.

ENDERMATIC En`der*mat"ic, a.

Defn: Endermic.

ENDERMIC En*der"mic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Acting through the skin, or by direct application to the skin. Endermic method, that in which the medicine enters the system through the skin, being applied either to the sound skin, or to the surface denuded of the cuticle by a blister.

ENDERMICALLY En*der"mic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: By the endermic method; as, applied endermically.

ENDERON En"de*ron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The deep sensitive and vascular layer of the skin and mucous membranes. -- En`de*ron"ic, a.

ENDIADEMED En*di"a*demed, a.

Defn: Diademed. [R.]

ENDIAPER En*di"a*per, v. t. Etym: [See Diaper.]

Defn: To decorate with a diaper pattern.

ENDICT En*dict", v. t.

Defn: See Indict.

ENDICTMENT En*dict"ment, n.

Defn: See Indictment.

ENDING End"ing, n.

1. Termination; concluding part; result; conclusion; destruction; death.

2. (Gram.)

Defn: The final syllable or letter of a word; the part joined to the stem. See 3d Case, 5. Ending day, day of death. Chaucer.

ENDITE En*dite, v. t.

Defn: See Indite. Spenser.

ENDIVE En"dive, n. Etym: [F. endive (cf. Pr., Sp. Pg., & It. endivia), fr. a deriv. of L. intibus, intybus, endive.] (Bot.)

Defn: A composite herb (Cichorium Endivia). Its finely divided and much curled leaves, when blanched, are used for salad. Wild endive (Bot.), chicory or succory.

ENDLESS End"less, a. Etym: [AS. endeleás. See End.]

1. Without end; having no end or conclusion; perpetual; interminable; -- applied to length, and to duration; as, an endless line; endless time; endless bliss; endless praise; endless clamor.

2. Infinite; excessive; unlimited. Shak.

3. Without profitable end; fruitless; unsatisfying. [R.] "All loves are endless." Beau. & Fl.

4. Void of design; objectless; as, an endless pursuit. Endless chain, a chain which is made continuous by uniting its two ends. -- Endless screw. (Mech.) See under Screw.

Syn. -- Eternal; everlasting; interminable; infinite; unlimited; incessant; perpetual; uninterrupted; continual; unceasing; unending; boundless; undying; imperishable.

ENDLESSLY End"less*ly, adv.

Defn: In an endless manner.

ENDLESSNESS End"less*ness, n. Etym: [AS. endeleásnys.]

Defn: The quality of being endless; perpetuity.

ENDLONG End"long`, adv. & prep. Etym: [Cf. Along.]

Defn: Lengthwise; along. [Archaic] The doors were all of adamants eterne, I-clenched overthwart and endelong With iron tough. Chaucer. He pricketh endelong the large space. Chaucer. To thrust the raft endlong across the moat. Sir W. Scott.

ENDMOST End"most`, a.

Defn: Farthest; remotest; at the very end. Tylor.

ENDO-; END- En"do-, End-. Etym: [Gr. In.]

Defn: A combining form signifying within; as, endocarp, endogen, endocuneiform, endaspidean.

ENDOBLAST En"do*blast, n. Etym: [Endo- + -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: Entoblast; endoplast. See Nucleus,

ENDOBLASTIC En`do*blas"tic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to the endoblast; as, the endoblastic layer.

ENDOCARDIAC; ENDOCARDIAL En`do*car"di*ac, En`do*car"di*al, a.

1. Pertaining to the endocardium.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Seated or generated within the heart; as, endocardial murmurs.

ENDOCARDITIS En`do*car*di"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the endocardium.

ENDOCARDIUM En`do*car"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The membrane lining the cavities of the heart.

ENDOCARP En"do*carp, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. endocarpe.] (Bot.)

Defn: The inner layer of a ripened or fructified ovary.

ENDOCHONDRAL En`do*chon"dral, a. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: Growing or developing within cartilage; -- applied esp. to developing bone.

ENDOCHROME En"do*chrome, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The coloring matter within the cells of plants, whether green, red, yellow, or any other color.

ENDOCTRINE En*doc"trine, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + doctrine.]

Defn: To teach; to indoctrinate. [Obs.] Donne.

ENDOCYST En"do*cyst, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The inner layer of the cells of Bryozoa.

ENDODERM En"do*derm, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The inner layer of the skin or integument of an animal. (b) The innermost layer of the blastoderm and the structures derived from it; the hypoblast; the entoblast. See Illust. of Ectoderm.

ENDODERMAL; ENDODERMIC En`do*der"mal, En`do*der"mic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the endoderm.

ENDODERMIS En`do*der"mis, n. Etym: [NL. See Endoderm.] (Bot.)

Defn: A layer of cells forming a kind of cuticle inside of the proper cortical layer, or surrounding an individual fibrovascular bundle.

ENDOGAMOUS En*dog"a*mous, a. Etym: [Endo- + Gr.

Defn: Marrying within the same tribe; -- opposed to exogamous.

ENDOGAMY En*dog"a*my, n.

Defn: Marriage only within the tribe; a custom restricting a man in his choice of a wife to the tribe to which he belongs; -- opposed to exogamy.

ENDOGEN En"do*gen, n. Etym: [Endo- + -gen: cf. F. endogène.] (Bot.)

Defn: A plant which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads, irregularly distributed throughout the whole diameter, not forming annual layers, and with no distinct pith. The leaves of the endogens have, usually, parallel veins, their flowers are mostly in three, or some multiple of three, parts, and their embryos have but a single cotyledon, with the first leaves alternate. The endogens constitute one of the great primary classes of plants, and included all palms, true lilies, grasses, rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc. See Exogen.

ENDOGENESIS En`do*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Endo- + genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: Endogeny.

ENDOGENETIC En`do*ge*net"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Endogenous.

ENDOGENOUS En*dog"e*nous, a.

1. (Bot.)

Defn: Increasing by internal growth and elongation at the summit, instead of externally, and having no distinction of pith, wood, and bark, as the rattan, the palm, the cornstalk.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: Originating from within; increasing by internal growth. Endogenous multiplication (Biol.), a method of cell formation, seen in cells having a cell wall. The nucleus and protoplasm divide into two distinct masses; these in turn become divided and subdivided, each division becoming a new cell, until finally the original cell wall is ruptured and the new cells are liberated (see Segmentation, and Illust. of Cell Division, under Division). This mode of growth is characteristic of many forms of cells, both animal and vegetable.

ENDOGENOUSLY En*dog"e*nous*ly, adv.

Defn: By endogenous growth.

ENDOGENY En*dog"e*ny, n. Etym: [See Endogenesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: Growth from within; multiplication of cells by endogenous division, as in the development of one or more cells in the interior of a parent cell.

ENDOGNATH En"dog*nath, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The inner or principal branch of the oral appendages of Crustacea. See Maxilla.

ENDOGNATHAL En*dog"na*thal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the endognath.

ENDOLYMPH En"do*lymph, n. Etym: [Endo- + lymph: cf. F. endolymphe.] (Anat.)

Defn: The watery fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear.

ENDOLYMPHANGIAL En"do*lym*phan"gi*al, a. Etym: [Endo- + lymphangial.] (Anat.)

Defn: Within a lymphatic vessel.

ENDOLYMPHATIC En"do*lym*phat"ic, a. Etym: [Endo- + lymphatic.] (Anat.) (a) Pertaining to, or containing, endolymph; as, the endolymphatic duct. (b) Within a lymphatic vessel; endolymphangial.

ENDOME En*dome", v. t.

Defn: To cover as with a dome.

ENDOMETRITIS En`do*me*tri"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Endometrium, and -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the endometrium.

ENDOMETRIUM En`do*me"tri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The membrane lining the inner surface of the uterus, or womb.

ENDOMORPH En"do*morph, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A crystal of one species inclosed within one of another, as one of rutile inclosed in quartz.

ENDOMYSIUM En`do*my"si*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The delicate bands of connective tissue interspersed among muscular fibers.

ENDONEURIUM En`do*neu"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The delicate bands of connective tissue among nerve fibers.

ENDOPARASITE En`do*par"a*site, n. Etym: [Endo- + parasite.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Any parasite which lives in the internal organs of an animal, as the tapeworms, Trichina, etc.; -- opposed to ectoparasite. See Entozoön. -- En`do*par`a*sit"ic, a.

ENDOPHLOEUM En`do*phloe"um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The inner layer of the bark of trees.

ENDOPHRAGMA En`do*phrag"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A chitinous structure above the nervous cord in the thorax of certain Crustacea.

ENDOPHRAGMAL En`do*phrag"mal, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the endophragma.

ENDOPHYLLOUS En*doph"yl*lous, a. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Wrapped up within a leaf or sheath.

ENDOPLASM En"do*plasm, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The protoplasm in the interior of a cell.

ENDOPLASMA En`do*plas"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Endoplasm.] (Biol.)

Defn: Same as Entoplasm and Endosarc.

ENDOPLAST En"do*plast, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: See Nucleus.

ENDOPLASTICA En`do*plas"ti*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of Rhizopoda having a distinct nucleus, as the am

ENDOPLASTULE En`do*plas"tule, n. Etym: [A dim. fr. endo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: See Nucleolus.

ENDOPLEURA En`do*pleu"ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Pleura.] (Bot.)

Defn: The inner coating of a seed. See Tegmen.

ENDOPLEURITE En`do*pleu"rite, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The portion of each apodeme developed from the interepimeral membrane in certain crustaceans.

ENDOPODITE En*dop"o*dite, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The internal or principal branch of the locomotive appendages of Crustacea. See Maxilliped.

ENDORHIZA En`do*rhi"za, n.; pl. Endorhizæ. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Any monocotyledonous plant; -- so named because many monocotyledons have an endorhizal embryo.

Note: Endorhiza was proposed by Richard as a substitute for the term endogen, and exorhiza as a substitute for the term exogen; but they have not been generally adopted.

ENDORHIZAL; ENDORHIZOUS En`do*rhi"zal, En`do*rhi"zous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the radicle of the embryo sheathed by the cotyledon, through which the embryo bursts in germination, as in many monocotyledonous plants.

ENDORSE En*dorse", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endorsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Endorsing.] Etym: [Formerly endosse, fr. F. endosser to put on the back, to endorse; pref. en- (L. in) + dos back, L. dorsum. See Dorsal, and cf. Indorse.]

Defn: Same as Indorse.

Note: Both endorse and indorse are used by good writers; but the tendency is to the more general use of indorse and its derivatives indorsee, indorser, and indorsement.

ENDORSE En*dorse", n. (Her.)

Defn: A subordinary, resembling the pale, but of one fourth its width (according to some writers, one eighth).

ENDORSEE En`dor*see", n.

Defn: Same as Indorsee.

ENDORSEMENT En*dorse"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. endossement.]

Defn: Same as Indorsement.

ENDORSER En*dors"er, n.

Defn: Same as Indorser.

ENDOSARC En"do*sarc, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The semifluid, granular interior of certain unicellular organisms, as the inner layer of sarcode in the amoeba; entoplasm; endoplasta.

ENDOSCOPE En"do*scope, n. Etym: [Endo- + -scope.] (Med.)

Defn: An instrument for examining the interior of the rectum, the urethra, and the bladder.

ENDOSCOPY En*dos"co*py, n. (Med.)

Defn: The art or process of examining by means of the endoscope.

ENDOSKELETAL En`do*skel"e*tal, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or connected with, the endoskeleton; as, endoskeletal muscles.

ENDOSKELETON En`do*skel"e*ton, n. Etym: [Endo- + skeleton.] (Anat.)

Defn: The bony, cartilaginous, or other internal framework of an animal, as distinguished from the exoskeleton.

ENDOSMOMETER En`dos*mom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Endosmose + -meter.] (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for measuring the force or amount of endosmotic

## action.

ENDOSMOMETRIC En*dos`mo*met"ric, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or designed for, the measurement of endosmotic

## action.

ENDOSMOSE; ENDOSMOSIS En"dos*mose`, En`dos*mo"sis, n. Etym: [NL. endosmosis, fr. Gr. endosmose.] (Physics)

Defn: The transmission of a fluid or gas from without inward in the phenomena, or by the process, of osmose.

ENDOSMOSMIC En`dos*mos"mic, a.

Defn: Endosmotic.

ENDOSMOTIC En`dos*mot"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to endosmose; of the nature endosmose; osmotic. Carpenter.

ENDOSPERM En"do*sperm, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The albumen of a seed; -- limited by recent writers to that formed within the embryo sac.

ENDOSPERMIC En`do*sper"mic, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Relating to, accompanied by, or containing, endosperm.

ENDOSPORE En"do*spore, n. Etym: [Endo- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: The thin inner coat of certain spores.

ENDOSPOROUS En`do*spor"ous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having the spores contained in a case; -- applied to fungi.

ENDOSS En*doss", v. t. Etym: [F. endosser. See Endorse.]

Defn: To put upon the back or outside of anything; -- the older spelling of endorse. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENDOSTEAL En*dos"te*al, a. (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to endostosis; as, endosteal ossification.

ENDOSTERNITE En`do*ster"nite, n. Etym: [Endo- + sternum.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The part of each apodeme derived from the intersternal membrane in Crustacea and insects.

ENDOSTEUM En*dos"te*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The layer of vascular connective tissue lining the medullary cavities of bone.

ENDOSTOMA En*dos"to*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A plate which supports the labrum in certain Crustacea.

ENDOSTOME En"do*stome, n. Etym: [See Endostoma.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: The foramen or passage through the inner integument of an ovule.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: And endostoma.

ENDOSTOSIS En`dos*to"sis, n. Etym: [NL. See Endo-, and Ostosis.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A process of bone formation in which ossification takes place within the substance of the cartilage.

ENDOSTYLE En"do*style, n. Etym: [Endo- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A fold of the endoderm, which projects into the blood cavity of ascidians. See Tunicata.

ENDOTHECA En`do*the"ca, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The tissue which partially fills the interior of the interseptal chambers of most madreporarian corals. It usually consists of a series of oblique tranverse septa, one above another. -- En`do*the"cal, a.

ENDOTHECIUM En`do*the"ci*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Endotheca.] (Bot.)

Defn: The inner lining of an another cell.

ENDOTHELIAL En`do*the"li*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of, or relating to, endothelium.

ENDOTHELIUM En`do*the"li*um, n.; pl. Endothelia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The thin epithelium lining the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous cavities. See Epithelium.

ENDOTHELOID En`do*the"loid, a. Etym: [Endothelium + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Like endothelium.

ENDOTHERMIC En`do*ther"mic, a. [Pref. endo-+ thermic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Designating, or pert. to, a reaction which occurs with absorption of heat; formed by such a reaction; as, an endothermic substance; -- opposed to exothermic.

ENDOTHORAX En`do*tho"rax, n. Etym: [Endo- + thorax.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An internal process of the sternal plates in the thorax of insects.

ENDOW En*dow", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endowed; p. pr. & vb. n. Endowing.] Etym: [OF. endouer; pref. en- (L. in) + F. douer to endow, L. dotare. See Dower, and cf. 2d Endue.]

1. To furnish with money or its equivalent, as a permanent fund for support; to make pecuniary provision for; to settle an income upon; especially, to furnish with dower; as, to endow a wife; to endow a public institution. Endowing hospitals and almshouses. Bp. Stillingfleet.

2. To enrich or furnish with anything of the nature of a gift (as a quality or faculty); -- followed by with, rarely by of; as, man is endowed by his Maker with reason; to endow with privileges or benefits.

ENDOWER En*dow"er, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OF. endouairer. See Dower, Endow.]

Defn: To endow. [Obs.] Waterhouse.

ENDOWER En*dow"er, n.

Defn: One who endows.

ENDOWMENT En*dow"ment, n.

1. The act of bestowing a dower, fund, or permanent provision for support.

2. That which is bestowed or settled on a person or an institution; property, fund, or revenue permanently appropriated to any object; as, the endowment of a church, a hospital, or a college.

3. That which is given or bestowed upon the person or mind; gift of nature; accomplishment; natural capacity; talents; -- usually in the plural. His early endowments had fitted him for the work he was to do. I. Taylor.

ENDOZOA En`do*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Entozoa.

ENDRUDGE En*drudge", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + drudge.]

Defn: To make a drudge or slave of. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

ENDUE En*due", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Endued; p. pr. & vb. n. Enduing.] Etym: [L. induere, prob. confused with E. endow. See Indue.]

Defn: To invest. Latham. Tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high. Luke xxiv. 49. Endue them . . . with heavenly gifts. Book of Common Prayer.

ENDUE En*due", v. t.

Defn: An older spelling of Endow. Tillotson.

ENDUEMENT En*due"ment, n.

Defn: Act of enduing; induement.

ENDURABLE En*dur"a*ble, a. Etym: [Cf. OF. endurable. See Endure.]

Defn: Capable of being endured or borne; sufferable. Macaulay. -- En*dur"a*ble*ness, n.

ENDURABLY En*dur"a*bly, adv.

Defn: In an endurable manner.

ENDURANCE En*dur"ance, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. endurance. See Endure.]

1. A state or quality of lasting or duration; lastingness; continuance. Slurring with an evasive answer the question concerning the endurance of his own possession. Sir W. Scott.

2. The act of bearing or suffering; a continuing under pain or distress without resistance, or without being overcome; sufferance; patience. Their fortitude was most admirable in their patience and endurance of all evils, of pain and of death. Sir W. Temple.

Syn. -- Suffering; patience; fortitude; resignation.

ENDURANT En*dur"ant, a.

Defn: Capable of enduring fatigue, pain, hunger, etc. The ibex is a remarkably endurant animal. J. G. Wood.

ENDURE En*dure", v. i. [imp. & p. p. Endured; p. pr. & vb. n. Enduring.] Etym: [F. endurer; pref. en- (L. in) + durer to last. See Dure, v. i., and cf. Indurate.]

1. To continue in the same state without perishing; to last; to remain. Their verdure still endure. Shak. He shall hold it [his house] fast, but it shall not endure. Job viii. 15.

2. To remain firm, as under trial or suffering; to suffer patiently or without yielding; to bear up under adversity; to hold out. Can thine heart endure, or can thine hands be strong in the days that I shall deal with thee Ezek. xxii. 14.

ENDURE En*dure", v. t.

1. To remain firm under; to sustain; to undergo; to support without breaking or yielding; as, metals endure a certain degree of heat without melting; to endure wind and weather. Both were of shining steel, and wrought so pure, As might the strokes of two such arms endure. Dryden.

2. To bear with patience; to suffer without opposition or without sinking under the pressure or affliction; to bear up under; to put up with; to tolerate. I will no longer endure it. Shak. Therefore I endure all things for the elect's sake. 2 Tim. ii. 10. How can I endure to see the evil that shall come unto my people Esther viii. 6.

3. To harden; to toughen; to make hardy. [Obs.] Manly limbs endured with little ease. Spenser.

Syn. -- To last; remain; continue; abide; brook; submit to; suffer.

ENDUREMENT En*dure"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. endurement.]

Defn: Endurance. [Obs.] South.

ENDURER En*dur"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, endures or lasts; one who bears, suffers, or sustains.

ENDURING En*dur"ing, a.

Defn: Lasting; durable; long-suffering; as, an enduring disposition. "A better and enduring substance." Heb. x. 34. -- En*dur"ing*ly, adv. T. Arnold. -- En*dur"ing*ness, n.

ENDWAYS; ENDWISE End"ways`, End"wise, adv.

1. On end; erectly; in an upright position.

2. With the end forward.

ENDYMA En"dy*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See Ependyma.

ENDYSIS En"dy*sis, n.; pl. Endyses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: The act of developing a new coat of hair, a new set of feathers, scales, etc.; -- opposed to ecdysis.

ENECATE En"e*cate, v. t. Etym: [L. enecatus, p. p. of enecare; e out, utterly + necare to kill.]

Defn: To kill off; to destroy. [Obs.] Harvey.

ENEID E*ne"id, n.

Defn: Same as Æneid.

ENEMA En"e*ma, n.; pl. L. Enemata. Etym: [L. enema, Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An injection, or clyster, thrown into the rectum as a medicine, or to impart nourishment. Hoblyn.

ENEMY En"e*my, n.; pl. Enemies. Etym: [OF. enemi, F. ennemi, from L. inimicus; in- (negative) + amicus friend. See Amicable.]

Defn: One hostile to another; one who hates, and desires or attempts the injury of, another; a foe; an adversary; as, an enemy of or to a person; an enemy to truth, or to falsehood. To all good he enemy was still. Spenser. I say unto you, Love your enemies. Matt. v. 44. The enemy (Mil.), the hostile force. In this sense it is construed with the verb and pronoun either in the singular or the plural, but more commonly in the singular; as, we have met the enemy and he is ours or they are ours. It was difficult in such a country to track the enemy. It was impossible to drive him to bay. Macaulay.

Syn. -- Foe; antagonist; opponent. See Adversary.

ENEMY En"e*my, a.

Defn: Hostile; inimical. [Obs.] They . . . every day grow more enemy to God. Jer. Taylor.

ENEPIDERMIC En*ep`i*der"mic, a. Etym: [Pref. en- (Gr. epidermic.] (Med.)

Defn: Applied to the skin without friction; -- said of medicines.

ENERGETIC; ENERGETICAL En`er*get"ic, En`er*get"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Energy.]

1. Having energy or energies; possessing a capacity for vigorous

## action or for exerting force; active. "A Being eternally energetic."

Grew.

2. Exhibiting energy; operating with force, vigor, and effect; forcible; powerful; efficacious; as, energetic measures; energetic laws.

Syn. -- Forcible; powerful; efficacious; potent; vigorous; effective; strenuous. -- En`er*get"ic*al*ly, adv. -- En`er*get"ic*al*ness, n.

ENERGETICS En`er*get"ics, n.

Defn: That branch of science which treats of the laws governing the physical or mechanical, in distinction from the vital, forces, and which comprehends the consideration and general investigation of the whole range of the forces concerned in physical phenomena. [R.]

ENERGIC; ENERGICAL En*er"gic, En*er"gic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. énergique.]

1. In a state of action; acting; operating.

2. Having energy or great power; energetic. The energic faculty that we call will. Blackw. Mag.

ENERGIZE En"er*gize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Energized; p. pr. & vb. n. Energizing.] Etym: [From Energy.]

Defn: To use strength in action; to act or operate with force or vigor; to act in producing an effect. Of all men it is true that they feel and energize first, they reflect and judge afterwards. J. C. Shairp.

ENERGIZE En"er*gize, v. t.

Defn: To give strength or force to; to make active; to alacrify; as, to energize the will.

ENERGIZER En"er*gi`zer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, gives energy, or acts in producing an effect.

ENERGIZING En"er*gi`zing, a.

Defn: Capable of imparting or exercising energy. Those nobler exercises of energizing love. Bp. Horsley.

ENERGUMEN En`er*gu"men, n. Etym: [L. energumenos, fr. Gr. énergumène. See Energetic.] (Eccl. Antiq.)

Defn: One possessed by an evil spirit; a demoniac.

ENERGY En"er*gy, n.; pl. Energies. Etym: [F. énergie, LL. energia, fr. Gr.In, and Work.]

1. Internal or inherent power; capacity of acting, operating, or producing an effect, whether exerted or not; as, men possessing energies may suffer them to lie inactive. The great energies of nature are known to us only by their effects. Paley.

2. Power efficiently and forcibly exerted; vigorous or effectual operation; as, the energy of a magistrate.

3. Strength of expression; force of utterance; power to impress the mind and arouse the feelings; life; spirit; -- said of speech, language, words, style; as, a style full of energy.

4. (Physics)

Defn: Capacity for performing work.

Note: The kinetic energy of a body is the energy it has in virtue of being in motion. It is measured by one half of the product of the mass of each element of the body multiplied by the square of the velocity of the element, relative to some given body or point. The available kinetic energy of a material system unconnected with any other system is that energy which is due to the motions of the parts of the system relative to its center of mass. The potential energy of a body or system is that energy which is not kinetic; -- energy due to configuration. Kinetic energy is sometimes called actual energy. Kinetic energy is exemplified in the vis viva of moving bodies, in heat, electric currents, etc.; potential energy, in a bent spring, or a body suspended a given distance above the earth and acted on by gravity.

Accumulation, Conservation, Correlation, and Degradation of energy, etc. (Physics) See under Accumulation, Conservation, Correlation, etc.

Syn. -- Force; power; potency; vigor; strength; spirit; efficiency; resolution.

ENERVATE E*ner"vate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enervated; p. pr. & vb. n. Enervating.] Etym: [L. enervatus, p. p. of enervare, fr. enervis nerveless, weak; e out + nervus nerve. See Nerve.]

Defn: To deprive of nerve, force, strength, or courage; to render feeble or impotent; to make effeminate; to impair the moral powers of. A man . . . enervated by licentiousness. Macaulay. And rhyme began t' enervate poetry. Dryden.

Syn. -- To weaken; enfeeble; unnerve; debilitate.

ENERVATE E*ner"vate, a. Etym: [L. enervatus, p. p.]

Defn: Weakened; weak; without strength of force. Pope.

ENERVATION En`er*va"tion, n. Etym: [L. enervatio: cf. F. énervation.]

1. The act of weakening, or reducing strength.

2. The state of being weakened; effeminacy. Bacon.

ENERVATIVE E*ner"va*tive, a.

Defn: Having power, or a tendency, to enervate; weakening. [R.]

ENERVE E*nerve", v. t. Etym: [Cf. F. énerver. See Enervate.]

Defn: To weaken; to enervate. [Obs.] Milton.

ENERVOUS E*nerv"ous, a. Etym: [L. enervis, enervus.]

Defn: Lacking nerve or force; enervated. [R.]

ENFACE En*face", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfaced; p. pr. & vb. n. Enfacing.] [Pref. en- + face.]

1. To write or print on the face of (a draft, bill, etc.); as, to enface drafts with memoranda.

2. To write or print (a memorandum, direction, or the like) on the face of a draft, bill, etc.; as, to enface the words "Payable in Calcutta" upon the face of a draft.

Enfaced paper (Com.), Indian government securities the principal and interest of which are enfaced as payable in silver rupees. Dict. of Pol. Econ.

ENFAMISH En*fam"ish, v. t.

Defn: To famish; to starve.

ENFECT En*fect", a. Etym: [See Infect, a.]

Defn: Contaminated with illegality. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENFEEBLE En*fee"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfeebled; p. pr. & vb. n. Enfeebling.] Etym: [OF. enfeblir, enfeiblir; pref. en- (L. in) + feble, F. faible, feeble. See Feeble.]

Defn: To make feeble; to deprive of strength; to reduce the strength or force of; to weaken; to debilitate. Enfeebled by scanty subsistence and excessive toil. Prescott.

Syn. -- To weaken; debilitate; enervate.

ENFEEBLEMENT En*fee"ble*ment, n.

Defn: The act of weakening; enervation; weakness.

ENFEEBLER En*fee"bler, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, weakens or makes feeble.

ENFEEBLISH En*fee"blish, v. i.

Defn: To enfeeble. [Obs.] Holland.

ENFELONED En*fel"oned, a. Etym: [Pref. en- + felon: cf. OF. enfelonner.]

Defn: Rendered fierce or frantic. [Obs.] "Like one enfeloned or distraught." Spenser.

ENFEOFF En*feoff" (; see Feoff, 277), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfeoffed; p. pr. & vb. n. Enfeoffing.] Etym: [Pref. en- + feoff, fief: cf. LL. infeofare, OF. enfeffer, enfeofer.]

1. (Law)

Defn: To give a feud, or right in land, to; to invest with a fief or fee; to invest (any one) with a freehold estate by the process of feoffment. Mozley & W.

2. To give in vassalage; to make subservient. [Obs.] [The king] enfeoffed himself to popularity. Shak.

ENFEOFFMENT En*feoff"ment, n. (Law) (a) The act of enfeoffing. (b) The instrument or deed by which one is invested with the fee of an estate.

ENFESTER En*fes"ter, v. t.

Defn: To fester. [Obs.] "Enfestered sores." Davies (Holy Roode).

ENFETTER En*fet"ter, v. t.

Defn: To bind in fetters; to enchain. "Enfettered to her love." Shak.

ENFEVER En*fe"ver, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + fever: cf. F. enfiévrer.]

Defn: To excite fever in. [R.] A. Seward.

ENFIERCE En*fierce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfierced; p. pr. & vb. n. Enfiercing.]

Defn: To make fierce. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENFILADE En`fi*lade", n. Etym: [F., fr. enfiler to thread, go trough a street or square, rake with shot; pref. en- (L. in) + fil thread. See File a row.]

1. A line or straight passage, or the position of that which lies in a straight line. [R.]

2. (Mil.)

Defn: A firing in the direction of the length of a trench, or a line of parapet or troops, etc.; a raking fire.

ENFILADE En`fi*lade", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfiladed; p. pr. & vb. n. Enfilading.] (Mil.)

Defn: To pierce, scour, or rake with shot in the direction of the length of, as a work, or a line of troops. Campbell.

ENFILED En*filed", p. a. Etym: [F. enfiler to pierce, thread.] (Her.)

Defn: Having some object, as the head of a man or beast, impaled upon it; as, a sword which is said to be "enfiled of" the thing which it pierces.

ENFIRE En*fire", v. t.

Defn: To set on fire. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENFLESH En*flesh", v. t.

Defn: To clothe with flesh. [Obs.] Vices which are . . . enfleshed in him. Florio.

ENFLEURAGE En`fleu`rage", n. [F., fr. en-(L. in) + fleur flower.]

Defn: A process of extracting perfumes by exposing absorbents, as fixed oils or fats, to the exhalations of the flowers. It is used for plants whose volatile oils are too delicate to be separated by distillation.

ENFLOWER En*flow"er, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enflowered; p. pr. & vb. n. Enflowering.]

Defn: To cover or deck with flowers. [Poetic] These odorous and enflowered fields. B. Jonson.

ENFOLD En*fold", v. t.

Defn: To infold. See Infold.

ENFOLDMENT En*fold"ment, n.

Defn: The act of infolding. See Infoldment.

ENFORCE En*force", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enforced; p. pr. & vb. n. Enforcing.] Etym: [OF. enforcier to strengthen, force, F. enforcir; pref. en- (L. in) + F. force. See Force.]

1. To put force upon; to force; to constrain; to compel; as, to enforce obedience to commands. Inward joy enforced my heart to smile. Shak.

2. To make or gain by force; to obtain by force; as, to enforce a passage. "Enforcing furious way." Spenser.

3. To put in motion or action by violence; to drive. As swift as stones Enforced from the old Assyrian slings. Shak.

4. To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate; to urge with energy; as, to enforce arguments or requests. Enforcing sentiment of the thrust humanity. Burke.

5. To put in force; to cause to take effect; to give effect to; to execute with vigor; as, to enforce the laws.

6. To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress upon. Enforce him with his envy to the people. Shak.

ENFORCE En*force, v. i.

1. To attempt by force. [Obs.]

2. To prove; to evince. [R.] Hooker.

3. To strengthen; to grow strong. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENFORCE En*force", n.

Defn: Force; strength; power. [Obs.] A petty enterprise of small enforce. Milton.

ENFORCEABLE En*force"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being enforced.

ENFORCED En*forced", a.

Defn: Compelled; forced; not voluntary. "Enforced wrong." "Enforced smiles." Shak. -- En*for"ced*ly, adv. Shak.

ENFORCEMENT En*force"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. enforcement.]

1. The act of enforcing; compulsion. He that contendeth against these enforcements may easily master or resist them. Sir W. Raleigh. Confess 't was hers, and by what rough enforcement You got it from her. Shak.

2. A giving force to; a putting in execution. Enforcement of strict military discipline. Palfrey.

3. That which enforces, constraints, gives force, authority, or effect to; constraint; force applied. The rewards and punishment of another life, which the Almighty has established as the enforcements of his law. Locke.

ENFORCER En*for"cer, n.

Defn: One who enforces.

ENFORCIBLE En*for"ci*ble, a.

Defn: That may be enforced.

ENFORCIVE En*for"cive, a.

Defn: Serving to enforce or constrain; compulsive. Marsion. -- En*for"cive*ly, adv.

ENFOREST En*for"est, v. t.

Defn: To turn into a forest.

ENFORM En*form", v. t. Etym: [F. enformer. See Inform.]

Defn: To form; to fashion. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENFOULDRED En*foul"dred, a. Etym: [Pref. en- + OF. fouldre, foldre, lightning, F. foudre, L. fulgur.]

Defn: Mixed with, or emitting, lightning. [Obs.] "With foul enfouldred smoke." Spenser.

ENFRAME En*frame", v. t.

Defn: To inclose, as in a frame.

ENFRANCHISE En*fran"chise, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enfranchised; p. pr. & vb. n. Enfranchising.] Etym: [Pref. en- + franchise: cf. F. enfranchir.]

1. To set free; to liberate from slavery, prison, or any binding power. Bacon.

2. To endow with a franchise; to incorporate into a body politic and thus to invest with civil and political privileges; to admit to the privileges of a freeman.

3. To receive as denizens; to naturalize; as, to enfranchise foreign words. I. Watts.

ENFRANCHISEMENT En*fran"chise*ment, n.

1. Releasing from slavery or custody. Shak.

2. Admission to the freedom of a corporation or body politic; investiture with the privileges of free citizens. Enfranchisement of copyhold (Eng. Law), the conversion of a copyhold estate into a freehold. Mozley & W.

ENFRANCHISER En*fran"chis*er, n.

Defn: One who enfranchises.

ENFREE En*free", v. t.

Defn: To set free. [Obs.] "The enfreed Antenor." Shak.

ENFREEDOM En*free"dom, v. t.

Defn: To set free. [Obs.] Shak.

ENFREEZE En*freeze", v. t.

Defn: To freeze; to congeal. [Obs.] Thou hast enfrozened her disdainful breast. Spenser.

ENFROWARD En*fro"ward, v. t.

Defn: To make froward, perverse, or ungovernable. [Obs.] Sir E. Sandys.

ENGAGE En*gage", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Engaging.] Etym: [F. engager; pref. en- (L. in) + gage pledge, pawn. See Gage.]

1. To put under pledge; to pledge; to place under obligations to do or forbear doing something, as by a pledge, oath, or promise; to bind by contract or promise. "I to thee engaged a prince's word." Shak.

2. To gain for service; to bring in as associate or aid; to enlist; as, to engage friends to aid in a cause; to engage men for service.

3. To gain over; to win and attach; to attract and hold; to draw. Good nature engages everybody to him. Addison.

4. To employ the attention and efforts of; to occupy; to engross; to draw on. Thus shall mankind his guardian care engage. Pope. Taking upon himself the difficult task of engaging him in conversation. Hawthorne.

5. To enter into contest with; to encounter; to bring to conflict. A favorable opportunity of engaging the enemy. Ludlow.

6. (Mach.)

Defn: To come into gear with; as, the teeth of one cogwheel engage those of another, or one part of a clutch engages the other part.

ENGAGE En*gage", v. i.

1. To promise or pledge one's self; to enter into an obligation; to become bound; to warrant. How proper the remedy for the malady, I engage not. Fuller.

2. To embark in a business; to take a part; to employ or involve one's self; to devote attention and effort; to enlist; as, to engage in controversy.

3. To enter into conflict; to join battle; as, the armies engaged in a general battle.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: To be in gear, as two cogwheels working together.

ENGAGED En*gaged", a.

1. Occupied; employed; busy.

2. Pledged; promised; especially, having the affections pledged; promised in marriage; affianced; betrothed.

3. Greatly interested; of awakened zeal; earnest.

4. Involved; esp., involved in a hostile encounter; as, the engaged ships continued the fight. Engaged column. (Arch.) Same as Attached column. See under Attach, v. t.

ENGAGEDLY En*ga"ged*ly, adv.

Defn: With attachment; with interest; earnestly.

ENGAGEDNESS En*ga"ged*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being deeply interested; earnestness; zeal.

ENGAGEMENT En*gage"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. engagement.]

1. The act of engaging, pledging, enlisting, occupying, or entering into contest.

2. The state of being engaged, pledged or occupied; specif., a pledge to take some one as husband or wife.

3. That which engages; engrossing occupation; employment of the attention; obligation by pledge, promise, or contract; an enterprise embarked in; as, his engagements prevented his acceptance of any office. Religion, which is the chief engagement of our league. Milton.

4. (Mil.)

Defn: An action; a fight; a battle. In hot engagement with the Moors. Dryden.

5. (Mach.)

Defn: The state of being in gear; as, one part of a clutch is brought into engagement with the other part.

Syn. -- Vocation; business; employment; occupation; promise; stipulation; betrothal; word; battle; combat; fight; contest; conflict. See Battle.

ENGAGER En*ga"ger, n.

Defn: One who enters into an engagement or agreement; a surety. Several sufficient citizens were engagers. Wood.

ENGAGING En*ga"ging, a.

Defn: Tending to draw the attention or affections; attractive; as, engaging manners or address. -- En*ga"ging*ly, adv. -- En*ga"ging*ness, n. Engaging and disengaging gear or machinery, that in which, or by means of which, one part is alternately brought into gear or out of gear with another part, as occasion may require.

ENGALLANT En*gal"lant, v. t.

Defn: To make a gallant of. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

ENGAOL En*gaol", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + gaol: cf. OF. engaoler, engeoler. See Gaol, and cf. Enjail.]

Defn: To put in jail; to imprison. [Obs.] Shak.

ENGARBOIL En*gar"boil, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + garboil.]

Defn: To throw into disorder; to disturb. [Obs.] "To engarboil the church." Bp. Montagu.

ENGARLAND En*gar"land, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + garland: cf. F. enguirlander.]

Defn: To encircle with a garland, or with garlands. Sir P. Sidney.

ENGARRISON En*gar"ri*son, v. t.

Defn: To garrison; to put in garrison, or to protect by a garrison. Bp. Hall.

ENGASTRIMUTH En*gas"tri*muth, n. Etym: [Gr. engastrimythe.]

Defn: An ventriloquist. [Obs.]

ENGENDER En*gen"der, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engendered; p. pr. & vb. n. Engendering.] Etym: [F. engender, L. ingenerare; in + generare to beget. See Generate, and cf. Ingenerate.]

1. To produce by the union of the sexes; to beget. [R.]

2. To cause to exist; to bring forth; to produce; to sow the seeds of; as, angry words engender strife. Engendering friendship in all parts of the common wealth. Southey.

Syn. -- To breed; generate; procreate; propagate; occasion; call forth; cause; excite; develop.

ENGENDER En*gen"der, v. i.

1. To assume form; to come into existence; to be caused or produced. Thick clouds are spread, and storms engender there. Dryden.

2. To come together; to meet, as in sexual embrace. "I saw their mouths engender." Massinger.

ENGENDER En*gen"der, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, engenders.

ENGENDRURE En`gen*drure", n. Etym: [OF. engendreure.]

Defn: The act of generation. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENGILD En*gild", v. t.

Defn: To gild; to make splendent. Fair Helena, who most engilds the night. Shak.

ENGINE En"gine, n. Etym: [F. engin skill, machine, engine, L. ingenium natural capacity, invention; in in + the root of gignere to produce. See Genius, and cf. Ingenious, Gin a snare.]

1. (Pronounced, in this sense, [Obs.] A man hath sapiences three, Memory, engine, and intellect also. Chaucer.

2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or contrivance; an agent. Shak. You see the ways the fisherman doth take To catch the fish; what engines doth he make Bunyan. Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all these engines of lust. Shak.

3. Any instrument by which any effect is produced; especially, an instrument or machine of war or torture. "Terrible engines of death." Sir W. Raleigh.

4. (Mach.)

Defn: A compound machine by which any physical power is applied to produce a given physical effect. Engine driver, one who manages an engine; specifically, the engineer of a locomotive. -- Engine lathe. (Mach.) See under Lathe. -- Engine tool, a machine tool. J. Whitworth. -- Engine turning (Fine Arts), a method of ornamentation by means of a rose engine.

Note: The term engine is more commonly applied to massive machines, or to those giving power, or which produce some difficult result. Engines, as motors, are distinguished according to the source of power, as steam engine, air engine, electro-magnetic engine; or the purpose on account of which the power is applied, as fire engine, pumping engine, locomotive engine; or some peculiarity of construction or operation, as single-acting or double-acting engine, high-pressure or low-pressure engine, condensing engine, etc.

ENGINE En"gine, v. t.

1. To assault with an engine. [Obs.] To engine and batter our walls. T. Adams.

2. To equip with an engine; -- said especially of steam vessels; as, vessels are often built by one firm and engined by another.

3. (Pronounced, in this sense, [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENGINEER En`gi*neer", n. Etym: [OE. enginer: cf. OF. engignier, F. ingénieur. See Engine, n.]

1. A person skilled in the principles and practice of any branch of engineering. See under Engineering, n.

2. One who manages as engine, particularly a steam engine; an engine driver.

3. One who carries through an enterprise by skillful or artful contrivance; an efficient manager. [Colloq.] Civil engineer, a person skilled in the science of civil engineering. -- Military engineer, one who executes engineering works of a military nature. See under Engineering.

ENGINEER En`gi*neer", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engineered; p. pr. & vb. n. Engineering.]

1. To lay out or construct, as an engineer; to perform the work of an engineer on; as, to engineer a road. J. Hamilton.

2. To use contrivance and effort for; to guide the course of; to manage; as, to engineer a bill through Congress. [Colloq.]

ENGINEER CORPS; CORPS OF ENGINEERS En`gi*neer" Corps. (a) In the United States army, the Corps of Engineers, a corps of officers and enlisted men consisting of one band and three battalions of engineers commanded by a brigadier general, whose title is Chief of Engineers. It has charge of the construction of fortifications for land and seacoast defense, the improvement of rivers and harbors, the construction of lighthouses, etc., and, in time of war, supervises the engineering operations of the armies in the field. (b) In the United States navy, a corps made up of the engineers, which was amalgamated with the line by act of March 3, 1899. It consisted of assistant and passed assistant engineers, ranking with ensigns and lieutenants, chief engineers, ranking from lieutenant to captain, and engineer in chief, ranking with commodore and having charge of the Bureau of Steam Engineering.

ENGINEERING En`gi*neer"ing, n.

Defn: Originally, the art of managing engines; in its modern and extended sense, the art and science by which the mechanical properties of matter are made useful to man in structures and machines; the occupation and work of an engineer.

Note: In a comprehensive sense, engineering includes architecture as a mechanical art, in distinction from architecture as a fine art. It was formerly divided into military engineering, which is the art of designing and constructing offensive and defensive works, and civil engineering, in a broad sense, as relating to other kinds of public works, machinery, etc. -- Civil engineering, in modern usage, is strictly the art of planning, laying out, and constructing fixed public works, such as railroads, highways, canals, aqueducts, water works, bridges, lighthouses, docks, embankments, breakwaters, dams, tunnels, etc. -- Mechanical engineering relates to machinery, such as steam engines, machine tools, mill work, etc. -- Mining engineering deals with the excavation and working of mines, and the extraction of metals from their ores, etc. Engineering is further divided into steam engineering, gas engineering, agricultural engineering, topographical engineering, electrical engineering, etc.

ENGINEMAN En"gine*man, n.; pl. Enginemen (.

Defn: A man who manages, or waits on, an engine.

ENGINER En"gin*er, n. Etym: [See Engineer.]

Defn: A contriver; an inventor; a contriver of engines. [Obs.] Shak.

ENGINERY En"gine*ry, n.

1. The act or art of managing engines, or artillery. Milton.

2. Engines, in general; instruments of war. Training his devilish enginery. Milton.

3. Any device or contrivance; machinery; structure or arrangement. Shenstone.

ENGINE-SIZED En"gine-sized`, a.

Defn: Sized by a machine, and not while in the pulp; -- said of paper. Knight.

ENGINE-TYPE GENERATOR En"gine-type` gen"er*a`tor. (Elec.)

Defn: A generator having its revolving part carried on the shaft of the driving engine.

ENGINOUS En"gi*nous, a. Etym: [OF. engignos. See Ingenious.]

1. Pertaining to an engine. [Obs.] That one act gives, like an enginous wheel, Motion to all. Decker.

2. Contrived with care; ingenious. [Obs.] The mark of all enginous drifts. B. Jonson.

ENGIRD En*gird", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engirded or Engirt (p. pr. & vb. n. Engirding.] Etym: [Pref. en- + gird. Cf. Ingirt.]

Defn: To gird; to encompass. Shak.

ENGIRDLE En*gir"dle, v. t.

Defn: To surround as with a girdle; to girdle.

ENGIRT En*girt", v. t.

Defn: To engird. [R.] Collins.

ENGISCOPE En"gi*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Opt.)

Defn: A kind of reflecting microscope. [Obs.]

ENGLAIMED En*glaimed", a. Etym: [OE. engleimen to smear, gleim birdlime, glue, phlegm.]

Defn: Clammy. [Obs.]

ENGLE En"gle, n. Etym: [OE. enghle to coax or cajole. Cf. Angle a hook, one easily enticed, a gull, Ingle.]

Defn: A favorite; a paramour; an ingle. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

ENGLE En"gle, v. t.

Defn: To cajole or coax, as favorite. [Obs.] I 'll presently go and engle some broker. B. Jonson.

ENGLISH Eng"lish, a. Etym: [AS. Englisc, fr. Engle, Angle, Engles, Angles, a tribe of Germans from the southeast of Sleswick, in Denmark, who settled in Britain and gave it the name of England. Cf. Anglican.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to England, or to its inhabitants, or to the present so-called Anglo-Saxon race. English bond (Arch.)

Defn: See 1st Bond, n.,

8. -- English breakfast tea. See Congou. -- English horn. (Mus.) See Corno Inglese. -- English walnut. (Bot.) See under Walnut.

ENGLISH Eng"lish, n.

1. Collectively, the people of England; English people or persons.

2. The language of England or of the English nation, and of their descendants in America, India, and other countries.

Note: The English language has been variously divided into periods by different writers. In the division most commonly recognized, the first period dates from about 450 to 1150. This is the period of full inflection, and is called Anglo-Saxon, or, by many recent writers, Old English. The second period dates from about 1150 to 1550 (or, if four periods be recognized, from about 1150 to 1350), and is called Early English, Middle English, or more commonly (as in the usage of this book), Old English. During this period most of the inflections were dropped, and there was a great addition of French words to the language. The third period extends from about 1350 to 1550, and is Middle English. During this period orthography became comparatively fixed. The last period, from about 1550, is called Modern English.

3. A kind of printing type, in size between Pica and Great Primer. See Type.

Note: The type called English.

4. (Billiards)

Defn: A twist or spinning motion given to a ball in striking it that influences the direction it will take after touching a cushion or another ball. The King's, or Queen's, English. See under King.

ENGLISH Eng"lish, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Englished; p. pr. & vb. n. Englishing.]

1. To translate into the English language; to Anglicize; hence, to interpret; to explain. Those gracious acts . . . may be Englished more properly, acts of fear and dissimulation. Milton. Caxton does not care to alter the French forms and words in the book which he was Englishing. T. L. K. Oliphant.

2. (Billiards)

Defn: To strike (the cue ball) in such a manner as to give it in addition to its forward motion a spinning motion, that influences its direction after impact on another ball or the cushion. [U.S.]

ENGLISHABLE Eng"lish*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being translated into, or expressed in, English.

ENGLISHISM Eng"lish*ism, n.

1. A quality or characteristic peculiar to the English. M. Arnold.

2. A form of expression peculiar to the English language as spoken in England; an Anglicism.

ENGLISHMAN Eng"lish*man (-man), n.; pl. Englishmen (-men).

Defn: A native or a naturalized inhabitant of England.

ENGLISHRY Eng"lish*ry, n.

1. The state or privilege of being an Englishman. [Obs.] Cowell.

2. A body of English or people of English descent; -- commonly applied to English people in Ireland. A general massacre of the Englishry. Macaulay.

ENGLISHWOMAN Eng"lish*wom`an, n.; pl. Englishwomen (.

Defn: Fem. of Englishman. Shak.

ENGLOOM En*gloom", v. t.

Defn: To make gloomy. [R.]

ENGLUE En*glue", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + glue: cf. F. engluer to smear with birdlime.]

Defn: To join or close fast together, as with glue; as, a coffer well englued. Gower.

ENGLUT En*glut", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Englutted; p. pr. & vb. n. Englutting.] Etym: [Pref. en- + glut: cf. F. engloutir.]

1. To swallow or gulp down. [Obs.] Shak.

2. To glut. [Obs.] "Englutted with vanity." Ascham.

ENGORE En*gore", v. t.

1. To gore; to pierce; to lacerate. [Obs.] Deadly engored of a great wild boar. Spenser.

2. To make bloody. [Obs.] Chapman.

ENGORGE En*gorge", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engorged; p. pr. & vb. n. Engorging.] Etym: [Pref. en- + gorge: cf. F. engorger to obstruct, cram.]

1. To gorge; to glut. Mir. for Mag.

2. To swallow with greediness or in large quantities; to devour. Spenser.

ENGORGE En*gorge", v. i.

Defn: To feed with eagerness or voracity; to stuff one's self with food. Beaumont.

ENGORGED En*gorged", p. a.

1. Swallowed with greediness, or in large draughts.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Filled to excess with blood or other liquid; congested.

ENGORGEMENT En*gorge"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. engorgement.]

1. The act of swallowing greedily; a devouring with voracity; a glutting.

2. (Med.)

Defn: An overfullness or obstruction of the vessels in some part of the system; congestion. Hoblyn.

3. (Metal.)

Defn: The clogging of a blast furnace.

ENGOULED En*gouled", a. (Her.)

Defn: Partly swallowed; disappearing in the jaws of anything; as, an infant engouled by a serpent; said also of an ordinary, when its two ends to issue from the mouths of lions, or the like; as, a bend engouled.

ENGOULEE En`gou`lée", a. Etym: [F., p. p. of engouler to swallow up; pref. en- (L. in) + gueule mouth.] (Her.)

Defn: Same as Engouled.

ENGRAFF En*graff", v. t. Etym: [See Ingraft.]

Defn: To graft; to fix deeply. [Obs.]

ENGRAFFMENT En*graff"ment, n.

Defn: See Ingraftment. [Obs.]

ENGRAFT En*graft", v. t.

Defn: See Ingraft. Shak.

ENGRAFTATION; ENGRAFTMENT En`graf*ta"tion, En*graft"ment, n.

Defn: The act of ingrafting; ingraftment. [R.]

ENGRAIL En*grail", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Engrailing.] Etym: [F. engrêler; pref. en- (L. in) + grêle hail. See Grail gravel.]

1. To variegate or spot, as with hail. A caldron new engrailed with twenty hues. Chapman.

2. (Her.)

Defn: To indent with small curves. See Engrailed.

ENGRAIL En*grail", v. i.

Defn: To form an edging or border; to run in curved or indented lines. Parnell.

ENGRAILED En*grailed", a. (Her.)

Defn: Indented with small concave curves, as the edge of a bordure, bend, or the like.

ENGRAILMENT En*grail"ment, n.

1. The ring of dots round the edge of a medal, etc. Brande & C.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Indentation in curved lines, as of a line of division or the edge of an ordinary.

ENGRAIN En*grain", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrained; p. pr. & vb. n. Engraining.] Etym: [Pref. en- + grain. Cf. Ingrain.]

1. To dye in grain, or of a fast color. See Ingrain. Leaves engrained in lusty green. Spenser.

2. To incorporate with the grain or texture of anything; to infuse deeply. See Ingrain. The stain hath become engrained by time. Sir W. Scott.

3. To color in imitation of the grain of wood; to grain. See Grain, v. t., 1.

ENGRAPPLE En*grap"ple, v. t. & i.

Defn: To grapple. [Obs.]

ENGRASP En*grasp", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrasped; p. pr. & vb. n. Engrasping.]

Defn: To grasp; to grip. [R.] Spenser.

ENGRAVE En*grave", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + grave a tomb. Cf. Engrave to carve.]

Defn: To deposit in the grave; to bury. [Obs.] "Their corses to engrave." Spenser.

ENGRAVE En*grave", v. t. [imp. Engraved; p. p. Engraved or Engraven (; p. pr. & vb. n. Engraving.] Etym: [Pref. en- + grave to carve: cf. OF. engraver.]

1. To cut in; to make by incision. [Obs.] Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh He did engrave. Spenser.

2. To cut with a graving instrument in order to form an inscription or pictorial representation; to carve figures; to mark with incisions. Like . . . . a signet thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel. Ex. xxviii. 11.

3. To form or represent by means of incisions upon wood, stone, metal, or the like; as, to engrave an inscription.

4. To impress deeply; to infix, as if with a graver. Engrave principles in men's minds. Locke.

ENGRAVED En*graved", a.

1. Made by engraving or ornamented with engraving.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the surface covered with irregular, impressed lines.

ENGRAVEMENT En*grave"ment, n.

1. Engraving.

2. Engraved work. [R.] Barrow.

ENGRAVER En*grav"er, n.

Defn: One who engraves; a person whose business it is to produce engraved work, especially on metal or wood.

ENGRAVERY En*grav"er*y, n.

Defn: The trade or work of an engraver. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

ENGRAVING En*grav"ing, n.

1. The act or art of producing upon hard material incised or raised patterns, characters, lines, and the like; especially, the art of producing such lines, etc., in the surface of metal plates or blocks of wood. Engraving is used for the decoration of the surface itself; also, for producing an original, from which a pattern or design may be printed on paper.

2. That which is engraved; an engraved plate.

3. An impression from an engraved plate, block of wood, or other material; a print.

Note: Engraving on wood is called xylography; on copper, chalcography; on stone lithography. Engravings or prints take from wood blocks are usually called wood cuts, those from stone, lithographs.

ENGREGGE En*greg"ge, v. t. Etym: [OF. engregier, from (assumed) LL. ingreviare; in + (assumed) grevis heavy, for L. gravis. Cf. Aggravate.]

Defn: To aggravate; to make worse; to lie heavy on. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENGRIEVE En*grieve", v. t.

Defn: To grieve. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENGROSS En*gross", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engrossed; p. pr. & vb. n. Engrossing.] Etym: [F., fr. pref. en- (L. in) + gros gross, grosse, n., an engrossed document: cf. OF. engrossir, engroissier, to make thick, large, or gross. See Gross.]

1. To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or quantity. [Obs.] Waves . . . engrossed with mud. Spenser. Not sleeping, to engross his idle body. Shak.

2. To amass. [Obs.] To engross up glorious deeds on my behalf. Shak.

3. To copy or write in a large hand (en gross, i. e., in large); to write a fair copy of in distinct and legible characters; as, to engross a deed or like instrument on parchment. Some period long past, when clerks engrossed their stiff and formal chirography on more substantial materials. Hawthorne. Laws that may be engrossed on a finger nail. De Quincey.

4. To seize in the gross; to take the whole of; to occupy wholly; to absorb; as, the subject engrossed all his thoughts.

5. To purchase either the whole or large quantities of, for the purpose of enhancing the price and making a profit; hence, to take or assume in undue quantity, proportion, or degree; as, to engross commodities in market; to engross power. Engrossed bill (Legislation), one which has been plainly engrossed on parchment, with all its amendments, preparatory to final action on its passage. -- Engrossing hand (Penmanship), a fair, round style of writing suitable for engrossing legal documents, legislative bills, etc.

Syn. -- To absorb; swallow up; imbibe; consume; exhaust; occupy; forestall; monopolize. See Absorb.

ENGROSSER En*gross"er, n.

1. One who copies a writing in large, fair characters.

2. One who takes the whole; a person who purchases such quantities of articles in a market as to raise the price; a forestaller. Locke.

ENGROSSMENT En*gross"ment, n.

1. The act of engrossing; as, the engrossment of a deed. Engrossments of power and favor. Swift.

2. That which has been engrossed, as an instrument, legislative bill, goods, etc.

ENGUARD En*guard", v. t.

Defn: To surround as with a guard. [Obs.] Shak.

ENGULF En*gulf", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Engulfed; p. pr. & vb. n. Engulfing.] Etym: [Pref. en- + gulf: cf. OF. engolfer. Cf. Ingulf.]

Defn: To absorb or swallow up as in a gulf. It quite engulfs all human thought. Young.

Syn. -- See Absorb.

ENGULFMENT En*gulf"ment, n.

Defn: A swallowing up as if in a gulf. [R.]

ENGYN En*gyn".

Defn: Variant of Engine. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENHALO En*ha"lo, v. t.

Defn: To surround with a halo.

ENHANCE En*hance", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enhanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Enhancing.] Etym: [Norm. F. enhauncer, enhaucer, OF. enhaleier, enhaucier; pref. en- (L. in) + haucier to lift, raise up, from an assumed L. altiare, fr. L. altus high; cf. Pr. enansar, enanzar, to advance, exalt, and E. advance. See Altitude, and cf. Hawser.]

1. To raise or lift up; to exalt. [Obs.] Wyclif. Who, naught aghast, his mighty hand enhanced. Spenser.

2. To advance; to augment; to increase; to heighten; to make more costly or attractive; as, to enhance the price of commodities; to enhance beauty or kindness; hence, also, to render more heinous; to aggravate; as, to enhance crime. The reputation of ferocity enhanced the value of their services, in making them feared as well as hated. Southey.

ENHANCE En*hance", v. i.

Defn: To be raised up; to grow larger; as, a debt enhances rapidly by compound interest.

ENHANCEMENT En*hance"ment, n.

Defn: The act of increasing, or state of being increased; augmentation; aggravation; as, the enhancement of value, price, enjoyments, crime.

ENHANCER En*han"cer, n.

Defn: One who enhances; one who, or that which, raises the amount, price, etc.

ENHARBOR En*har"bor, v. t.

Defn: To find harbor or safety in; to dwell in or inhabit. W. Browne.

ENHARDEN En*hard"en, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + harden: cf. F. enhardir to embolden.]

Defn: To harden; to embolden. [Obs.] Howell.

ENHARMONIC; ENHARMONICAL En`har*mon"ic, En`har*mon"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. enharmonique.]

1. (Anc. Mus.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to that one of the three kinds of musical scale (diatonic, chromatic, enharmonic) recognized by the ancient Greeks, which consisted of quarter tones and major thirds, and was regarded as the most accurate.

2. (Mus.) (a) Pertaining to a change of notes to the eye, while, as the same keys are used, the instrument can mark no difference to the ear, as the substitution of A for G#. (b) Pertaining to a scale of perfect intonation which recognizes all the notes and intervals that result from the exact tuning of diatonic scales and their transposition into other keys.

ENHARMONICALLY En`har*mon"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the enharmonic style or system; in just intonation.

ENHEARTEN En*heart"en, v. t.

Defn: To give heart to; to fill with courage; to embolden. The enemy exults and is enheartened. I. Taylor.

ENHEDGE En*hedge", v. t.

Defn: To surround as with a hedge. [R.] Vicars.

ENHORT En*hort", v. t. Etym: [OF. enhorter, enorter, L. inhortari. Cf. Exhort.]

Defn: To encourage. [Obs.] "To enhort the people." Chaucer.

ENHUNGER En*hun"ger, v. t.

Defn: To make hungry. Those animal passions which vice had . . . enhungered to feed on innocence and life. J. Martineau.

ENHYDROS En*hy"dros, n. Etym: [NL. See Enhydrous.] (Min.)

Defn: A variety of chalcedony containing water.

ENHYDROUS En*hy"drous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Having water within; containing fluid drops; -- said of certain crystals.

ENIGMA E*nig"ma, n.; pl. Enigmas. Etym: [L. aenigma, Gr.

1. A dark, obscure, or inexplicable saying; a riddle; a statement, the hidden meaning of which is to be discovered or guessed. A custom was among the ancients of proposing an enigma at festivals. Pope.

2. An action, mode of action, or thing, which cannot be satisfactorily explained; a puzzle; as, his conduct is an enigma.

ENIGMATIC; ENIGMATICAL E`nig*mat"ic, E`nig*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. énigmatique.]

Defn: Relating to or resembling an enigma; not easily explained or accounted for; darkly expressed; obscure; puzzling; as, an enigmatical answer.

ENIGMATICALLY E`nig*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: Darkly; obscurely.

ENIGMATIST E*nig"ma*tist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who makes, or talks in, enigmas. Addison.

ENIGMATIZE E*nig"ma*tize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Enigmatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Enigmatizing.]

Defn: To make, or talk in, enigmas; to deal in riddles.

ENIGMATOGRAPHY; ENIGMATOLOGY E*nig`ma*tog"ra*phy, E*nig`ma*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy, - logy.]

Defn: The art of making or of solving enigmas.

ENISLED En*isled", p. a.

Defn: Placed alone or apart, as if on an island; severed, as an island. [R.] "In the sea of life enisled." M. Arnold.

ENJAIL En*jail", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enjailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Enjailing.] Etym: [Pref. en- + jail. Cf. Engaol.]

Defn: To put into jail; to imprison. [R.] Donne.

ENJOIN En*join", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enjoined; p. pr. & vb. n. Enjoining.] Etym: [F. enjoindre, L. injungere to join into, charge, enjoin; in + jungere to join. See Join, and cf. Injunction.]

1. To lay upon, as an order or command; to give an injunction to; to direct with authority; to order; to charge. High matter thou enjoin'st me. Milton. I am enjoined by oath to observe three things. Shak.

2. (Law)

Defn: To prohibit or restrain by a judicial order or decree; to put an injunction on. This is a suit to enjoin the defendants from disturbing the plaintiffs. Kent.

Note: Enjoin has the force of pressing admonition with authority; as, a parent enjoins on his children the duty of obedience. But it has also the sense of command; as, the duties enjoined by God in the moral law. "This word is more authoritative than direct, and less imperious than command." Johnson.

ENJOIN En*join", v. t.

Defn: To join or unite. [Obs.] Hooker.

ENJOINER En*join"er, n.

Defn: One who enjoins.

ENJOINMENT En*join"ment, n.

Defn: Direction; command; authoritative admonition. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

ENJOY En*joy", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enjoyed; p. pr. & vb. n. Enjoying.] Etym: [OF. enjoier to receive with joy; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. & F. joie joy: cf. OF. enjoir to enjoy. See Joy.]

1. To take pleasure or satisfaction in the possession or experience of; to feel or perceive with pleasure; to be delighted with; as, to enjoy the dainties of a feast; to enjoy conversation.

2. To have, possess, and use with satisfaction; to occupy or have the benefit of, as a good or profitable thing, or as something desirable; as, to enjoy a free constitution and religious liberty. That the children of Israel may enjoy every man the inheritance of his fathers. Num. xxxvi. 8. To enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season. Heb. xi. 25.

3. To have sexual intercourse with. Milton. To enjoy one's self, to feel pleasure; to be happy.

ENJOY En*joy", v. i.

Defn: To take satisfaction; to live in happiness. [R.] Milton.

ENJOYABLE En*joy"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being enjoyed or of giving joy; yielding enjoyment. Milton.

ENJOYER En*joy"er, n.

Defn: One who enjoys.

ENJOYMENT En*joy"ment, n.

1. The condition of enjoying anything; pleasure or satisfaction, as in the possession or occupancy of anything; possession and use; as, the enjoyment of an estate.

2. That which gives pleasure or keen satisfaction. The hope of everlasting enjoyments. Glanvill.

Syn. -- Pleasure; satisfaction; gratification; fruition; happiness; felicity; delight.

ENKENNEL En*ken"nel, v. t.

Defn: To put into a kennel.

ENKERCHIEFED En*ker"chiefed, a.

Defn: Bound with a kerchief; draped; hooded; covered. Milton. That soft, enkerchiefed hair. M. Arnold.

ENKINDLE En*kin"dle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enkindled; p. pr. & vb. n. Enkindling.]

1. To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle. Shak.

2. To excite; to rouse into action; to incite. To enkindle the enthusiasm of an artist. Talfourd.

ENLACE En*lace", v. t.

Defn: To bind or encircle with lace, or as with lace; to lace; to encircle; to enfold; hence, to entangle. Ropes of pearl her neck and breast enlace. P. Fletcher.

ENLACEMENT En*lace"ment, n.

Defn: The act of enlacing, or state of being enlaced; a surrounding as with a lace.

ENLARD En*lard", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + lard: cf. OF. enlarder to put on the spit, Pr. & Sp. enlardar to rub with grease, baste.]

Defn: To cover or dress with lard or grease; to fatten. Shak.

ENLARGE En*large", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enlarged; p. pr. & vb. n. Enlarging.] Etym: [OF. enlargier; pref. en- (L. in) + F. large wide. See Large.]

1. To make larger; to increase in quantity or dimensions; to extend in limits; to magnify; as, the body is enlarged by nutrition; to enlarge one's house. To enlarge their possessions of land. Locke.

2. To increase the capacity of; to expand; to give free scope or greater scope to; also, to dilate, as with joy, affection, and the like; as, knowledge enlarges the mind. O ye Corinthians, our . . . heart is enlarged. 2 Cor. vi. 11.

3. To set at large or set free. [Archaic] It will enlarge us from all restraints. Barrow. Enlarging hammer, a hammer with a slightly rounded face of large diameter; -- used by gold beaters. Knight. -- To enlarge an order or rule (Law), to extend the time for complying with it. Abbott. -- To enlarge one's self, to give free vent to speech; to spread out discourse. "They enlarged themselves on this subject." Clarendon. -- To enlarge the heart, to make free, liberal, and charitable.

Syn. -- To increase; extend; expand; spread; amplify; augment; magnify. See Increase.

ENLARGE En*large", v. i.

1. To grow large or larger; to be further extended; to expand; as, a plant enlarges by growth; an estate enlarges by good management; a volume of air enlarges by rarefaction.

2. To speak or write at length; to be diffuse in speaking or writing; to expatiate; to dilate. To enlarge upon this theme. M. Arnold.

3. (Naut.)

Defn: To get more astern or parallel with the vessel's course; to draw aft; -- said of the wind.

ENLARGED En*larged", a.

Defn: Made large or larger; extended; swollen. -- En*lar"ged*ly, adv. -- En*lar"ged*ness, n.

ENLARGEMENT En*large"ment, n.

1. The act of increasing in size or bulk, real or apparent; the state of being increased; augmentation; further extension; expansion.

2. Expansion or extension, as of the powers of the mind; ennoblement, as of the feelings and character; as, an enlargement of views, of knowledge, of affection.

3. A setting at large, or being set at large; release from confinement, servitude, or distress; liberty. Give enlargement to the swain. Shak.

4. Diffusiveness of speech or writing; expatiation; a wide range of discourse or argument. An enlargement upon the vices and corruptions that were got into the army. Clarendon.

ENLARGER En*lar"ger, n.

Defn: One that enlarges.

ENLAY En*lay", v. t.

Defn: See Inlay.

ENLENGTHEN En*length"en, v. t.

Defn: To lengthen. [Obs.]

ENLEVEN En*lev"en, n.

Defn: Eleven. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENLIGHT En*light", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + light. Cf. Enlighten.]

Defn: To illumine; to enlighten. [R.] Which from the first has shone on ages past, Enlights the present, and shall warm the last. Pope.

ENLIGHTEN En*light"en, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + lighten: cf. AS. inlihtan. Cf. Enlight.]

1. To supply with light; to illuminate; as, the sun enlightens the earth. His lightnings enlightened the world. Ps. xcvii. 4.

2. To make clear to the intellect or conscience; to shed the light of truth and knowledge upon; to furnish with increase of knowledge; to instruct; as, to enlighten the mind or understanding. The conscience enlightened by the Word and Spirit of God. Trench.

ENLIGHTENER En*light"en*er, n.

Defn: One who enlightens or illuminates; one who, or that which, communicates light to the eye, or clear views to the mind.

ENLIGHTENMENT En*light"en*ment, n.

Defn: Act of enlightening, or the state of being enlightened or instructed.

ENLIMN En*limn", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + limn. Cf. Enlumine, Illuminate.]

Defn: To adorn by illuminating or ornamenting with colored and decorated letters and figures, as a book or manuscript. [R.] Palsgrave.

ENLINK En*link", v. t.

Defn: To chain together; to connect, as by links. Shak.

ENLIST En*list", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enlisted; p. pr. & vb. n. Enlisting.]

1. To enter on a list; to enroll; to register.

2. To engage for military or naval service, the name being entered on a list or register; as, to enlist men.

3. To secure the support and aid of; to employ in advancing interest; as, to enlist persons in the cause of truth, or in a charitable enterprise.

ENLIST En*list", v. i.

1. To enroll and bind one's self for military or naval service; as, he enlisted in the regular army; the men enlisted for the war.

2. To enter heartily into a cause, as if enrolled.

ENLISTMENT En*list"ment, n.

1. The act or enlisting, or the state of being enlisted; voluntary enrollment to serve as a soldier or a sailor.

2. The writing by which an enlisted man is bound.

ENLIVE En*live", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + live, a.]

Defn: To enliven. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

ENLIVEN En*liv"en, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enlivened; p. pr. & vb. n. Enlivening.] Etym: [Pref. en- + liven.].

1. To give life, action, or motion to; to make vigorous or active; to excite; to quicken; as, fresh fuel enlivens a fire. Lo! of themselves th' enlivened chessmen move. Cowley.

2. To give spirit or vivacity to; to make sprightly, gay, or cheerful; to animate; as, mirth and good humor enliven a company; enlivening strains of music.

Syn. -- To animate; rouse; inspire; cheer; encourage; comfort; exhilarate; inspirit; invigorate.

ENLIVENER En*liv"en*er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, enlivens, animates, or invigorates.

ENLOCK En*lock", v. t.

Defn: To lock; to inclose.

ENLUMINE En*lu"mine, v. t. Etym: [F. enluminer; pref. en- (L. in) + L. luminare to light up, illumine. See Illuminate, and cf. Limn.]

Defn: To illumine. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENLUTE En*lute", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + L. lutum mud, clay.]

Defn: To coat with clay; to lute. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENMANCHE En`man`ché", a. Etym: [F.; pref. en- (L. in) + manche sleeve.] (Her.)

Defn: Resembling, or covered with, a sleeve; -- said of the chief when lines are drawn from the middle point of the upper edge upper edge to the sides.

ENMARBLE En*mar"ble, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + marble.]

Defn: To make hard as marble; to harden. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENMESH En*mesh", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + mesh. Cf. Inmesh.]

Defn: To catch or entangle in, or as in, meshes. Shak. My doubts enmesh me if I try. Lowell.

ENMEW En*mew", v. t.

Defn: See Emmew.

ENMIST En*mist", v. t.

Defn: To infold, as in a mist.

ENMITY En"mi*ty, n.; pl. Enmities. Etym: [OE. enemyte, fr. enemy: cf. F. inimitié, OF. enemistié. See Enemy, and cf. Amity.]

1. The quality of being an enemy; hostile or unfriendly disposition. No ground of enmity between us known. Milton.

2. A state of opposition; hostility. The friendship of the world is enmity with God. James iv. 4.

Syn. -- Rancor; hostility; hatred; aversion; antipathy; repugnance; animosity; ill will; malice; malevolence. See Animosity, Rancor.

ENMOSSED En*mossed", a. Etym: [Pref. en- + moss.]

Defn: Covered with moss; mossed. Keats.

ENMOVE En*move", v. t.

Defn: See Emmove. [Obs.]

ENMUFFLE En*muf"fle, v. t.

Defn: To muffle up.

ENMURE En*mure", v. t.

Defn: To immure. [Obs.]

ENNATION En*na"tion, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The ninth segment in insects.

ENNEAD En"ne*ad, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The number nine or a group of nine. The Enneads, the title given to the works of the philosopher Plotinus, published by his pupil Porphyry; -- so called because each of the six books into which it is divided contains nine chapters.

ENNEAGON En"ne*a*gon, n. Etym: [Gr. ennéagone.] (Geom.)

Defn: A polygon or plane figure with nine sides and nine angles; a nonagon.

ENNEAGONAL En`ne*ag"o*nal, a. (Geom.)

Defn: Belonging to an enneagon; having nine angles.

ENNEAGYNOUS En`ne*ag"y*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having or producing nine pistils or styles; -- said of a flower or plant.

ENNEAHEDRAL En`ne*a*he"dral, a. Etym: [Gr. (Geom.)

Defn: Having nine sides.

ENNEAHEDRIA; ENNEAHEDRON En`ne*a*he"dri*a, En`ne*a*he"dron, n. (Geom.)

Defn: A figure having nine sides; a nonagon.

ENNEANDRIA En`ne*an"dri*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ennéandrie.] (Bot.)

Defn: A Linnæan class of plants having nine stamens.

ENNEANDRIAN; ENNEANDROUS En`ne*an"dri*an, En`ne*an"drous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Having nine stamens.

ENNEAPETALOUS En`ne*a*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Gr. petalous: cf. F. ennéapétale.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having nine petals, or flower leaves.

ENNEASPERMOUS En`ne*a*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Having nine seeds; -- said of fruits.

ENNEATIC; ENNEATICAL En`ne*at"ic, En`ne*at"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Occurring once in every nine times, days, years, etc.; every ninth. Enneatical day, every ninth day of a disease. -- Enneatical year, every ninth year of a man's life.

ENNEW En*new", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + new. Cf. Innovate.]

Defn: To make new. [Obs.] Skelton.

ENNICHE En*niche", v. t.

Defn: To place in a niche. Sterne.

ENNOBLE En*no"ble, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ennobled; p. pr. & vb. n. Ennobling.] Etym: [Pref. en- + noble: cf. F. ennoblir.]

1. To make noble; to elevate in degree, qualities, or excellence; to dignify. "Ennobling all that he touches." Trench. What can ennoble sots, or slaves, or cowards Alas! not all the blood of all the Howards. Pope.

2. To raise to the rank of nobility; as, to ennoble a commoner.

Syn. -- To raise; dignify; exalt; elevate; aggrandize.

ENNOBLEMENT En*no"ble*ment, n.

1. The act of making noble, or of exalting, dignifying, or advancing to nobility. Bacon.

2. That which ennobles; excellence; dignity.

ENNOBLER En*no"bler, n.

Defn: One who ennobles.

ENNUI En`nui", n. Etym: [F., fr. L. in odio in hatred. See Annoy.]

Defn: A feeling of weariness and disgust; dullness and languor of spirits, arising from satiety or want of interest; tedium. T. Gray.

ENNUYE En`nuy`é", a. Etym: [F., p. p. of ennuyer. See Ennui.]

Defn: Affected with ennui; weary in spirits; emotionally exhausted.

ENNUYE En`nuy`é", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: One who is affected with ennui.

ENNUYEE En`nuy`ée", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A woman affected with ennui. Mrs. Jameson.

ENODAL E*nod"al, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Without a node. Gray.

ENODATION En`o*da"tion, n. Etym: [L. enodatio explanation, fr. enodare to free from knots. See Enode.]

Defn: The act or operation of clearing of knots, or of untying; hence, also, the solution of a difficulty. [R.] Bailey.

ENODE E*node", v. t. Etym: [L. enodare; e out + nodare to fill with knots, nodus a knot.]

Defn: To clear of knots; to make clear. [Obs.] Cockeram.

ENOINT E*noint", a.

Defn: Anointed. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENOMOTARCH E*nom"o*tarch, n. Etym: [Gr. Enomoty.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: The commander of an enomoty. Mitford.

ENOMOTY E*nom"o*ty, n. Etym: [Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A band of sworn soldiers; a division of the Spartan army ranging from twenty-five to thirty-six men, bound together by oath.

ENOPLA En"o*pla, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the orders of Nemertina, characterized by the presence of a peculiar armature of spines or plates in the proboscis.

ENOPTOMANCY En*op"to*man`cy, n. Etym: [Gr. -mancy.]

Defn: Divination by the use of a mirror.

ENORM E*norm", a. Etym: [Cf. F. énorme. See Enormous.]

Defn: Enormous. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENORMITY E*nor"mi*ty, n.; pl. Enormities. Etym: [L. enormitas, fr. enormis enormous: cf. F. énormité. See Enormous.]

1. The state or quality of exceeding a measure or rule, or of being immoderate, monstrous, or outrageous. The enormity of his learned acquisitions. De Quincey.

2. That which is enormous; especially, an exceeding offense against order, right, or decency; an atrocious crime; flagitious villainy; an atrocity. These clamorous enormities which are grown too big and strong for law or shame. South.

ENORMOUS E*nor"mous, a. Etym: [L. enormis enormous, out of rule; e out + norma rule: cf. F. énorme. See Normal.]

1. Exceeding the usual rule, norm, or measure; out of due proportion; inordinate; abnormal. "Enormous bliss." Milton. "This enormous state." Shak. "The hoop's enormous size." Jenyns. Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait. Milton.

2. Exceedingly wicked; outrageous; atrocious; monstrous; as, an enormous crime. That detestable profession of a life so enormous. Bale.

Syn. -- Huge; vast; immoderate; immense; excessive; prodigious; monstrous. -- Enormous, Immense, Excessive. We speak of a thing as enormous when it overpasses its ordinary law of existence or far exceeds its proper average or standard, and becomes -- so to speak -- abnormal in its magnitude, degree, etc.; as, a man of enormous strength; a deed of enormous wickedness. Immense expresses somewhat indefinitely an immeasurable quantity or extent. Excessive is applied to what is beyond a just measure or amount, and is always used in an evil; as, enormous size; an enormous crime; an immense expenditure; the expanse of ocean is immense. "Excessive levity and indulgence are ultimately excessive rigor." V. Knox. "Complaisance becomes servitude when it is excessive." La Rochefoucauld (Trans).

ENORMOUSLY E*nor"mous*ly, adv.

Defn: In an enormous degree.

ENORMOUSNESS E*nor"mous*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being enormous.

ENORTHOTROPE En*or"tho*trope, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An optical toy; a card on which confused or imperfect figures are drawn, but which form to the eye regular figures when the card is rapidly revolved. See Thaumatrope.

ENOUGH E*nough", a. Etym: [OE. inoh, inow, enogh, AS. gen, gen, a. & adv. (akin to OS. gin, D. genoeg, OHG. ginoug, G. genug, Icel. gn, Sw. nog, Dan. nok, Goth. gan), fr. geneah it suffices (akin to Goth. ganah); pref. ge- + a root akin to L. nancisci to get, Skr. na, Gr.

Defn: Satisfying desire; giving content; adequate to meet the want; sufficient; -- usually, and more elegantly, following the noun to which it belongs. How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough and to spare! Luke xv. 17.

ENOUGH E*nough", adv.

1. In a degree or quantity that satisfies; to satisfaction; sufficiently.

2. Fully; quite; -- used to express slight augmentation of the positive degree, and sometimes equivalent to very; as, he is ready enough to embrace the offer. I know you well enough; you are Signior Antonio. Shak. Thou knowest well enough . . . that this is no time to lend money. Shak.

3. In a tolerable degree; -- used to express mere acceptableness or acquiescence, and implying a degree or quantity rather less than is desired; as, the song was well enough.

Note: Enough usually follows the word it modifies.

ENOUGH E*nough", n.

Defn: A sufficiency; a quantity which satisfies desire, is adequate to the want, or is equal to the power or ability; as, he had enough to do take care of himself. "Enough is as good as a feast." And Esau said, I have enough, my brother. Gen. xxxiii. 9.

ENOUGH E*nough", interj.

Defn: An exclamation denoting sufficiency, being a shortened form of it is enough.

ENOUNCE E*nounce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enounced; p. pr. & vb. n. Enouncing.] Etym: [F. énoncer, L. enuntiare; e out + nuntiare to announce, fr. nuntius messenger. See Nuncio, and cf. Enunciate.]

1. To announce; to declare; to state, as a proposition or argument. Sir W. Hamilton.

2. To utter; to articulate. The student should be able to enounce these [sounds] independently. A. M. Bell.

ENOUNCEMENT E*nounce"ment, n.

Defn: Act of enouncing; that which is enounced.

ENOW E*now".

Defn: A form of Enough. [Archaic] Shak.

EN PASSANT En` pas`sant". [F.]

Defn: In passing; in the course of any procedure; -- said specif. (Chess),

Defn: of the taking of an adverse pawn which makes a first move of two squares by a pawn already so advanced as to threaten the first of these squares. The pawn which takes en passant is advanced to the threatened square.

ENPATRON En*pa"tron, v. t.

Defn: To act the part of a patron towards; to patronize. [Obs.] Shak.

ENPIERCE En*pierce", v. t. Etym: [See Empierce.]

Defn: To pierce. [Obs.] Shak.

ENQUERE En*quere", v. i.

Defn: To inquire. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENQUICKEN En*quick"en, v. t.

Defn: To quicken; to make alive. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.

ENQUIRE En*quire", v. i. & t.

Defn: See Inquire.

ENQUIRER En*quir"er, n.

Defn: See Inquirer.

ENQUIRY En*quir"y, n.

Defn: See Inquiry.

ENRACE En*race", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + race lineage.]

Defn: To enroot; to implant. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENRAGE En*rage", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enraged; p. pr. & vb. n. Enraging.] Etym: [F. enrager to be enraged; pref. en- (L. in) + rage rage. See Rage.]

Defn: To fill with rage; to provoke to frenzy or madness; to make furious.

Syn. -- To irritate; incense; inflame; exasperate; provoke; anger; madden; infuriate.

ENRAGEMENT En*rage"ment, n.

Defn: Act of enraging or state of being enraged; excitement. [Obs.]

ENRANGE En*range", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + range. Cf. Enrank, Arrange.]

1. To range in order; to put in rank; to arrange. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To rove over; to range. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENRANK En*rank", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + rank.]

Defn: To place in ranks or in order. [R.] Shak.

EN RAPPORT En` rap`port". [F.]

Defn: In accord, harmony, or sympathy; having a mutual, esp. a private, understanding; of a hypnotic subject, being in such a mental state as to be especially subject to the influence of a particular person or persons.

ENRAPT En*rapt", p. a. Etym: [Pref. en- + rapt. Cf. Enravish.]

Defn: Thrown into ecstasy; transported; enraptured. Shak.

ENRAPTURE En*rap"ture, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enraptured; p. pr. & vb. n. Enrapturing.]

Defn: To transport with pleasure; to delight beyond measure; to enravish. Shenstone.

ENRAVISH En*rav"ish, v. t.

Defn: To transport with delight; to enrapture; to fascinate. Spenser.

ENRAVISHINGLY En*rav"ish*ing*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to throw into ecstasy.

ENRAVISHMENT En*rav"ish*ment, n.

Defn: The state of being enravished or enraptured; ecstasy; rapture. Glanvill.

ENREGISTER En*reg"is*ter, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + register: cf. F. enregistrer. Cf. Inregister.]

Defn: To register; to enroll or record; to inregister. To read enregistered in every nook His goodness, which His beauty doth declare. Spenser.

ENRHEUM En*rheum", v. i. Etym: [Pref. en- + rheum: cf. F. s'enrhumer.]

Defn: To contract a rheum. [Obs.] Harvey.

ENRICH En*rich", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enriched; p. pr. & vb. n. Enriching.] Etym: [F. enrichir; pref. en- (L. in) + riche rich. See Rich.]

1. To make rich with any kind of wealth; to render opulent; to increase the possessions of; as, to enrich the understanding with knowledge. Seeing, Lord, your great mercy Us hath enriched so openly. Chaucer's Dream.

2. To supply with ornament; to adorn; as, to enrich a ceiling by frescoes.

3. To make rich with manure; to fertilize; -- said of the soil; as, to enrich land by irrigation.

4. To supply with knowledge; to instruct; to store; -- said of the mind. Sir W. Raleigh.

ENRICHER En*rich"er, n.

Defn: One who enriches.

ENRICHMENT En*rich"ment, n.

Defn: The act of making rich, or that which enriches; increase of value by improvements, embellishment, etc.; decoration; embellishment.

ENRIDGE En*ridge", v. t.

Defn: To form into ridges. Shak.

ENRING En*ring", v. t.

Defn: To encircle. [R.] The Muses and the Graces, grouped in threes, Enringed a billowing fountain in the midst. Tennyson.

ENRIPEN En*rip"en, v. t.

Defn: To ripen. [Obs.] Donne.

ENRIVE En*rive", v. t.

Defn: To rive; to cleave. [Obs.]

ENROBE En*robe", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + robe: cf. OF. enrober.]

Defn: To invest or adorn with a robe; to attire.

ENROCKMENT En*rock"ment, n. Etym: [Pref. en- + rock.]

Defn: A mass of large stones thrown into water at random to form bases of piers, breakwaters, etc.

ENROLL En*roll", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enrolled; p. pr. & vb. n. Enrolling.] Etym: [Pref. en- + roll: cf. F. enrôler; pref. en- (L. in) + rôle roll or register. See Roll, n.] [Written also enrol.]

1. To insert in a roil; to register or enter in a list or catalogue or on rolls of court; hence, to record; to insert in records; to leave in writing; as, to enroll men for service; to enroll a decree or a law; also, reflexively, to enlist. An unwritten law of common right, so engraven in the hearts of our ancestors, and by them so constantly enjoyed and claimed, as that it needed not enrolling. Milton. All the citizen capable of bearing arms enrolled themselves. Prescott.

2. To envelop; to inwrap; to involve. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENROLLER En*roll"er, n.

Defn: One who enrolls or registers.

ENROLLMENT En*roll"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. enrôlement.] [Written also enrolment.]

1. The act of enrolling; registration. Holland.

2. A writing in which anything is enrolled; a register; a record. Sir J. Davies.

ENROOT En*root", v. t.

Defn: To fix by the root; to fix fast; to implant deep. Shak.

ENROUND En*round", v. t.

Defn: To surround. [Obs.] Shak.

EN ROUTE En` route". Etym: [F.]

Defn: On the way or road.

ENS Ens, n. Etym: [L., ens, entis, a thing. See Entity.]

1. (Metaph.)

Defn: Entity, being, or existence; an actually existing being; also, God, as the Being of Beings.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: Something supposed to condense within itself all the virtues and qualities of a substance from which it is extracted; essence. [Obs.]

ENSAFE En*safe", v. t.

Defn: To make safe. [Obs.] Hall.

ENSAMPLE En*sam"ple, n. Etym: [OF. ensample, essample, F. exemple. See Example.]

Defn: An example; a pattern or model for imitation. [Obs.] Tyndale. Being ensamples to the flock.

ENSAMPLE En*sam"ple, v. t.

Defn: To exemplify, to show by example. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENSANGUINE En*san"guine, v. t.

Defn: To stain or cover with blood; to make bloody, or of a blood-red color; as, an ensanguined hue. "The ensanguined field." Milton.

ENSATE En"sate, a. Etym: [NL. ensatus, fr. L. ensis sword.] (Bot. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Having sword-shaped leaves, or appendages; ensiform.

ENSCALE En*scale", v. t.

Defn: To cover with scales.

ENSCHEDULE En*sched"ule, v. t.

Defn: To insert in a schedule. See Schedule. [R.] Shak.

ENSCONCE En*sconce", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensconced; imp. & p. p. Ensconcing.]

Defn: To cover or shelter, as with a sconce or fort; to place or hide securely; to conceal. She shall not see me: I will ensconce me behind the arras. Shak.

ENSEAL En*seal", v. t.

Defn: To impress with a seal; to mark as with a seal; hence, to ratify. [Obs.] This deed I do enseal. Piers Plowman.

ENSEAM En*seam", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + seam suture. Cf. Inseam.]

Defn: To sew up; to inclose by a seam; hence, to include; to contain. Camden.

ENSEAM En*seam", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + seam grease.]

Defn: To cover with grease; to defile; to pollute. [Obs.] In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed. Shak.

ENSEAR En*sear", v. t.

Defn: To sear; to dry up. [Obs.] Ensear thy fertile and conceptious womb. Shak.

ENSEARCH En*search", v. i. Etym: [OF. encerchier. See Search.]

Defn: To make search; to try to find something. [Obs.] -- v. t.

Defn: To search for. [Obs.] Sir T. Elyot.

ENSEEL En*seel", v. t.

Defn: To close eyes of; to seel; -- said in reference to a hawk. [Obs.]

ENSEINT En*seint", a. (Law)

Defn: With child; pregnant. See Enceinte. [Obs.]

ENSEMBLE En`sem"ble, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The whole; all the parts taken together.

ENSEMBLE En`sem"ble, adv. Etym: [F.]

Defn: All at once; together.

ENSHELTER En*shel"ter, v. t.

Defn: To shelter. [Obs.]

ENSHIELD En*shield", v. t.

Defn: To defend, as with a shield; to shield. [Archaic] Shak.

ENSHIELD En*shield", a.

Defn: Shielded; enshielded. [Obs.] Shak.

ENSHRINE En*shrine", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enshrined; p. pr. & vb. n. Enshrining.]

Defn: To inclose in a shrine or chest; hence, to preserve or cherish as something sacred; as, to enshrine something in memory. We will enshrine it as holy relic. Massinger.

ENSHROUD En*shroud", v. t.

Defn: To cover with, or as with, a shroud; to shroud. Churchill.

ENSIFEROUS En*sif"er*ous, a. Etym: [L. ensifer; ensis sword + ferre to bear: cf. F. ensifère.]

Defn: Bearing a sword.

ENSIFORM En"si*form, a. Etym: [L. ensis sword + -form: cf. F. ensiforme.]

Defn: Having the form of a sword blade; sword-shaped; as, an ensiform leaf. Ensiform cartilage, and Ensiform process. (Anat.) See Xiphisternum.

ENSIGN En"sign, n. Etym: [L. enseigne, L. insignia, pl. of insigne a distinctive mark, badge, flag; in + signum mark, sign. See Sign, and cf. Insignia, 3d Ancient.]

1. A flag; a banner; a standard; esp., the national flag, or a banner indicating nationality, carried by a ship or a body of soldiers; -- as distinguished from flags indicating divisions of the army, rank of naval officers, or private signals, and the like. Hang up your ensigns, let your drums be still. Shak.

2. A signal displayed like a standard, to give notice. He will lift an ensign to the nations from far. Is. v. 26.

3. Sign; badge of office, rank, or power; symbol. The ensigns of our power about we bear. Waller.

4. (a) Formerly, a commissioned officer of the army who carried the ensign or flag of a company or regiment. (b) A commissioned officer of the lowest grade in the navy, corresponding to the grade of second lieutenant in the army. Ham. Nav. Encyc.

Note: In the British army the rank of ensign was abolished in 1871. In the United States army the rank is not recognized; the regimental flags being carried by a sergeant called the color sergeant. Ensign bearer, one who carries a flag; an ensign.

ENSIGN En"sign, v. t.

1. To designate as by an ensign. [Obs.] Henry but joined the roses that ensigned Particular families. B. Jonson.

2. To distinguish by a mark or ornament; esp. (Her.), by a crown; thus, any charge which has a crown immediately above or upon it, is said to be ensigned.

ENSIGNCY En"sign*cy, n.; pl. Ensigncies (.

Defn: The rank or office of an ensign.

ENSIGNSHIP En"sign*ship, n.

Defn: The state or rank of an ensign.

ENSILAGE En"si*lage, n. Etym: [F.; pref. en- (L. in) + silo. See Silo.]

1. The process of preserving fodder (such as cornstalks, rye, oats, millet, etc.) by compressing it while green and fresh in a pit or vat called a silo, where it is kept covered from the air; as the ensilage of fodder.

2. The fodder preserved in a silo.

ENSILAGE En"si*lage, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensilaged; p. pr. & vb. n. Ensilaging.]

Defn: To preserve in a silo; as, to ensilage cornstalks.

ENSILE En*sile", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Ensiling.] [F. ensiler: cf. Sp. ensilar. See Silo.]

Defn: To store (green fodder) in a silo; to prepare as silage. -- En"si*list (#), n.

ENSKY En*sky", v. t.

Defn: To place in the sky or in heaven. [R.] "A thing enskied and sainted." Shak.

ENSLAVE En*slave", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enslaved; p. pr. & vb. n. Enslaving.]

Defn: To reduce to slavery; to make a slave of; to subject to a dominant influence. The conquer'd, also, and enslaved by war, Shall, with their freedom lost, all virtue lose. Milton. Pleasure admitted in undue degree Enslaves the will. Cowper.

ENSLAVEDNESS En*slav"ed*ness, n.

Defn: State of being enslaved.

ENSLAVEMENT En*slave"ment, n.

Defn: The act of reducing to slavery; state of being enslaved; bondage; servitude. A fresh enslavement to their enemies. South.

ENSLAVER En*slav"er, n.

Defn: One who enslaves. Swift.

ENSNARE En*snare", v. t.

Defn: To catch in a snare. See Insnare.

ENSNARL En*snarl", v. t.

Defn: To entangle. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENSOBER En*so"ber, v. t.

Defn: To make sober. [Obs.] Sad accidents to ensober his spirits. Jer. Taylor.

ENSOUL En*soul", v. t.

Defn: To indue or imbue (a body) with soul. [R.] Emerson.

ENSPHERE En*sphere", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + sphere. Cf. Insphere.]

1. To place in a sphere; to envelop. His ample shoulders in a cloud ensphered. Chapman.

2. To form into a sphere.

ENSTAMP En*stamp", v. t.

Defn: To stamp; to mark as It is the motive . . . which enstamps the character. Gogan.

ENSTATE En*state", v. t.

Defn: See Instate.

ENSTATITE En"sta*tite, n. Etym: [Named fr. Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral of the pyroxene group, orthorhombic in crystallization; often fibrous and massive; color grayish white or greenish. It is a silicate of magnesia with some iron. Bronzite is a ferriferous variety.

ENSTATITIC En`sta*tit"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to enstatite.

ENSTORE En*store", v. t. Etym: [See Instaurate.]

Defn: To restore. [Obs.] Wyclif.

ENSTYLE En*style", v. t.

Defn: To style; to name. [Obs.]

ENSUABLE En*su"a*ble, a.

Defn: Ensuing; following.

ENSUE En*sue", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Ensued; p. pr. & vb. n. Ensuing.] Etym: [OF. ensevre, OF. & F. ensuivre, fr. L. insequi; in + sequi to pursue. See Sue.]

Defn: To follow; to pursue; to follow and overtake. [Obs.] "Seek peace, and ensue it." 1 Pet. iii. 11. To ensue his example in doing the like mischief. Golding.

ENSUE En*sue", v. i.

Defn: To follow or come afterward; to follow as a consequence or in chronological succession; to result; as, an ensuing conclusion or effect; the year ensuing was a cold one. So spoke the Dame, but no applause ensued. Pope. Damage to the mind or the body, or to both, ensues, unless the exciting cause be presently removed. I. Taylor.

Syn. -- To follow; pursue; succeed. See Follow.

ENSURE En*sure", v. t.

1. To make sure. See Insure.

2. To betroth. [Obs.] Sir T. More.

ENSURER En*sur"er, n.

Defn: See Insurer.

ENSWATHE En*swathe", v. t.

Defn: To swathe; to envelop, as in swaddling clothes. Shak.

ENSWATHEMENT En*swathe"ment, n.

Defn: The act of enswathing, or the state of being enswathed.

ENSWEEP En*sweep", v. t.

Defn: To sweep over or across; to pass over rapidly. [R.] Thomson.

ENT- Ent-.

Defn: A prefix signifying within. See Ento-.

-ENT -ent. Etym: [F. -ent, L. -ens, -entis.]

Defn: An adjective suffix signifying action or being; as, corrodent, excellent, emergent, continent, quiescent. See -ant.

ENTABLATURE En*tab"la*ture, n. Etym: [OF. entablature: cf. It intavolatura, fr. LL. intabulare to construct a basis; L. in + tabulatum board work, flooring, fr. tabula. See Table.] (Arch.)

Defn: The superstructure which lies horizontally upon the columns. See Illust. of Column, Cornice.

Note: It is commonly divided into architrave, the part immediately above the column; frieze, the central space; and cornice, the upper projecting moldings. Parker.

ENTABLEMENT En*tab"le*ment, n. Etym: [F. entablement, LL. intabulamentum.]

Defn: See Entablature. [R.] Evelyn.

ENTACKLE En*tac"kle, v. t.

Defn: To supply with tackle. [Obs.] Skelton.

ENTAD En"tad, adv. Etym: [Ent- + L. ad towards.] (Anat.)

Defn: Toward the inside or central part; away from the surface; -- opposed to ectad. B. G. Wilder.

ENTAIL En*tail", n. Etym: [OE. entaile carving, OF. entaille, F., an incision, fr. entailler to cut away; pref. en- (L. in) + tailler to cut; LL. feudum talliatum a fee entailed, i. e., curtailed or limited. See Tail limitation, Tailor.]

1. That which is entailed. Hence: (Law) (a) An estate in fee entailed, or limited in descent to a particular class of issue. (b) The rule by which the descent is fixed. A power of breaking the ancient entails, and of alienating their estates. Hume.

2. Delicately carved ornamental work; intaglio. [Obs.] "A work of rich entail." Spenser.

ENTAIL En*tail", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entailed; p. pr. & vb. n. Entailing.] Etym: [OE. entailen to carve, OF. entailler. See Entail, n.]

1. To settle or fix inalienably on a person or thing, or on a person and his descendants or a certain line of descendants; -- said especially of an estate; to bestow as an heritage. Allowing them to entail their estates. Hume. I here entail The crown to thee and to thine heirs forever. Shak.

2. To appoint hereditary possessor. [Obs.] To entail him and his heirs unto the crown. Shak.

3. To cut or carve in a ornamental way. [Obs.] Entailed with curious antics. Spenser.

ENTAILMENT En*tail"ment, n.

1. The act of entailing or of giving, as an estate, and directing the mode of descent.

2. The condition of being entailed.

3. A thing entailed. Brutality as an hereditary entailment becomes an ever weakening force. R. L. Dugdale.

ENTAL En"tal, a. Etym: [See Ent-.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or situated near, central or deep parts; inner; -- opposed to ectal. B. G. Wilder.

ENTAME En*tame", v. t.

Defn: To tame. [Obs.] Shak.

ENTANGLE En*tan"gle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entangled; p. pr. & vb. n. Entangling.]

1. To twist or interweave in such a manner as not to be easily separated; to make tangled, confused, and intricate; as, to entangle yarn or the hair.

2. To involve in such complications as to render extrication a bewildering difficulty; hence, metaphorically, to insnare; to perplex; to bewilder; to puzzle; as, to entangle the feet in a net, or in briers. "Entangling alliances." Washington. The difficulties that perplex men's thoughts and entangle their understandings. Locke. Allowing her to entangle herself with a person whose future was so uncertain. Froude.

ENTANGLEMENT En*tan"gle*ment, n.

Defn: State of being entangled; intricate and confused involution; that which entangles; intricacy; perplexity.

ENTANGLER En*tan"gler, n.

Defn: One that entangles.

ENTASIA En*ta"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Entasis.] (Med.)

Defn: Tonic spasm; -- applied generically to denote any disease characterized by tonic spasms, as tetanus, trismus, etc.

ENTASIS En"ta*sis, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr.

1. (Arch.)

Defn: A slight convex swelling of the shaft of a column.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Same as Entasia.

ENTASSMENT En*tass"ment, n. Etym: [F. entassement, fr. entasser to heap up.]

Defn: A heap; accumulation. [R.]

ENTASTIC En*tas"tic, a. Etym: [Formed as if fr. (assumed) Gr. Entasis.] (Med.)

Defn: Relating to any disease characterized by tonic spasms.

ENTELECHY En*tel"e*chy, n. Etym: [L. entelechia, Gr. (Peripatetic Philos.)

Defn: An actuality; a conception completely actualized, in distinction from mere potential existence.

ENTELLUS En*tel"lus, n. Etym: [NL., the specific name, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An East Indian long-tailed bearded monkey (Semnopithecus entellus) regarded as sacred by the natives. It is remarkable for the caplike arrangement of the hair on the head. Called also hoonoomaun and hungoor.

ENTEND En*tend", v. i. Etym: [F. entendre, fr. L. intendere. See Intend.]

Defn: To attend to; to apply one's self to. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENTENDER En*ten"der, v. t.

1. To make tender. [R.] Jer. Taylor.

2. To treat with tenderness. [R.] Young.

ENTENTIVE En*ten"tive, a. Etym: [OF. ententif.]

Defn: Attentive; zealous. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENTER- En"ter-. Etym: [F. entre between, fr. L. inter. See Inter-]

Defn: A prefix signifying between, among, part.

ENTER En"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entered; p. pr. & vb. n. Entering.] Etym: [OE. entren, enteren, F. entrer, fr. L. intrare, fr. intro inward, contr. fr. intero (sc. loco), fr. inter in between, between. See Inter-, In, and cf. Interior.]

1. To come or go into; to pass into the interior of; to pass within the outer cover or shell of; to penetrate; to pierce; as, to enter a house, a closet, a country, a door, etc.; the river enters the sea. That darksome cave they enter. Spenser. I, . . . with the multitude of my redeemed, Shall enter heaven, long absent. Milton.

2. To unite in; to join; to be admitted to; to become a member of; as, to enter an association, a college, an army.

3. To engage in; to become occupied with; as, to enter the legal profession, the book trade, etc.

4. To pass within the limits of; to attain; to begin; to commence upon; as, to enter one's teens, a new era, a new dispensation.

5. To cause to go (into), or to be received (into); to put in; to insert; to cause to be admitted; as, to enter a knife into a piece of wood, a wedge into a log; to enter a boy at college, a horse for a race, etc.

6. To inscribe; to enroll; to record; as, to enter a name, or a date, in a book, or a book in a catalogue; to enter the particulars of a sale in an account, a manifest of a ship or of merchandise at the customhouse.

7. (Law) (a) To go into or upon, as lands, and take actual possession of them. (b) To place in regular form before the court, usually in writing; to put upon record in proper from and order; as, to enter a writ, appearance, rule, or judgment. Burrill.

8. To make report of (a vessel or her cargo) at the customhouse; to submit a statement of (imported goods), with the original invoices, to the proper officer of the customs for estimating the duties. See Entry,

4.

9. To file or inscribe upon the records of the land office the required particulars concerning (a quantity of public land) in order to entitle a person to a right pf preëmption. [U.S.] Abbott.

10. To deposit for copyright the title or description of (a book, picture, map, etc.); as, "entered according to act of Congress."

11. To initiate; to introduce favorably. [Obs.] Shak.

ENTER En"ter, v. i.

1. To go or come in; -- often with in used pleonastically; also, to begin; to take the first steps. "The year entering." Evelyn. No evil thing approach nor enter in. Milton. Truth is fallen in the street, and equity can not enter. Is. lix. 14. For we which have believed do enter into rest. Heb. iv. 3.

2. To get admission; to introduce one's self; to penetrate; to form or constitute a part; to become a partaker or participant; to share; to engage; -- usually with into; sometimes with on or upon; as, a ball enters into the body; water enters into a ship; he enters into the plan; to enter into a quarrel; a merchant enters into partnership with some one; to enter upon another's land; the boy enters on his tenth year; to enter upon a task; lead enters into the composition of pewter.

3. To penetrate mentally; to consider attentively; -- with into. He is particularly pleased with . . . Sallust for his entering into internal principles of action. Addison.

ENTERADENOGRAPHY En`ter*ad`e*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: A treatise upon, or description of, the intestinal glands.

ENTERADENOLOGY En`ter*ad`e*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The science which treats of the glands of the alimentary canal.

ENTERALGIA En`ter*al"gi*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. entéralgie.] (Med.)

Defn: Pain in the intestines; colic.

ENTERDEAL En"ter*deal`, n. Etym: [Enter- + deal.]

Defn: Mutual dealings; intercourse. [Obs.] The enterdeal of princes strange. Spenser.

ENTERER En"ter*er, n.

Defn: One who makes an entrance or beginning. A. Seward.

ENTERIC En*ter"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Enteritis.] (Anat.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the enteron, or alimentary canal; intestinal. Enteric fever (Med.), typhoid fever.

ENTERING EDGE; ENTRANT EDGE En"ter*ing edge or En"trant edge.

Defn: = Advancing edge.

ENTERITIS En`te*ri"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: An inflammation of the intestines. Hoblyn.

ENTERLACE En`ter*lace", v. t.

Defn: See Interlace.

ENTERMETE En`ter*mete", v. i. Etym: [F. s'entremettre; entre between + mettre to place.]

Defn: To interfere; to intermeddle. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENTERMEWER En"ter*mew`er, n. Etym: [Enter- + mew to molt.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A hawk gradually changing the color of its feathers, commonly in the second year.

ENTERMISE En`ter*mise", n. Etym: [F. entremise, fr. s'entremettre. See Entermete.]

Defn: Mediation. [Obs.]

ENTEROCELE En"ter*o*cele`, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A hernial tumor whose contents are intestine.

ENTEROCOELE En"ter*o*coele`, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A perivisceral cavity which arises as an outgrowth or outgrowths from the digestive tract; distinguished from a schizocoele, which arises by a splitting of the mesoblast of the embryo.

ENTEROGRAPHY En`ter*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.] (Anat.)

Defn: A treatise upon, or description of, the intestines; enterology.

ENTEROLITH En"ter*o*lith, n. Etym: [Gr. -lith.] (Med.)

Defn: An intestinal concretion.

ENTEROLOGY En`ter*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. entérologie.]

Defn: The science which treats of the viscera of the body.

ENTERON En"te*ron, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The whole alimentary, or enteric, canal.

ENTEROPATHY En`ter*op"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Disease of the intestines.

ENTEROPNEUSTA En`te*rop*neus"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of wormlike invertebrates having, along the sides of the body, branchial openings for the branchial sacs, which are formed by diverticula of the alimentary canal. Balanoglossus is the only known genus. See Illustration in Appendix.

ENTERORRHAPHY En`ter*or"rha*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: The operation of sewing up a rent in the intestinal canal.

ENTEROTOME En"ter*o*tome, n. Etym: [F. entérotome. See Enterotomy.] (Med.)

Defn: A kind of scissors used for opening the intestinal canal, as in post-mortem examinations.

ENTEROTOMY En`ter*ot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Incision of the intestines, especially in reducing certain cases of hernia.

ENTERPARLANCE En`ter*par"lance, n.

Defn: Mutual talk or conversation; conference. [Obs.] Sir J. Hayward.

ENTERPLEAD En`ter*plead", v. i.

Defn: Same as Interplead.

ENTERPRISE En"ter*prise, n. Etym: [F. enterprise, fr. entreprendre to undertake; entre between (L. inter) + prendre to take. See Inter, and Emprise.]

1. That which is undertaken; something attempted to be performed; a work projected which involves activity, courage, energy, and the like; a bold, arduous, or hazardous attempt; an undertaking; as, a manly enterprise; a warlike enterprise. Shak. Their hands can not perform their enterprise. Job v. 12.

2. Willingness or eagerness to engage in labor which requires boldness, promptness, energy, and like qualities; as, a man of great enterprise.

ENTERPRISE En"ter*prise, v. t.

1. To undertake; to begin and attempt to perform; to venture upon. [R.] The business must be enterprised this night. Dryden. What would I not renounce or enterprise for you! T. Otway.

2. To treat with hospitality; to entertain. [Obs.] Him at the threshold met, and well did enterprise. Spenser.

ENTERPRISE En"ter*prise, v. i.

Defn: To undertake an enterprise, or something hazardous or difficult. [R.] Pope.

ENTERPRISER En"ter*pri`ser, n.

Defn: One who undertakes enterprises. Sir J. Hayward.

ENTERPRISING En"ter*pri`sing, a.

Defn: Having a disposition for enterprise; characterized by enterprise; resolute, active or prompt to attempt; as, an enterprising man or firm. -- En"ter*pri`sing*ly, adv.

ENTERTAIN En`ter*tain", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entertained; p. pr. & vb. n. Entertaining.] Etym: [F. entretenir; entre between (L. inter) + tenir to hold, L. tenere. See Tenable.]

1. To be at the charges of; to take or keep in one's service; to maintain; to support; to harbor; to keep.

You, sir, I entertain for one of my hundred. Shak.

2. To give hospitable reception and maintenance to; to receive at one's board, or into one's house; to receive as a guest. Be not forgetful to entertain strangers; for thereby some have entertained unawares. Heb. xiii. 2.

3. To engage the attention of agreeably; to amuse with that which makes the time pass pleasantly; to divert; as, to entertain friends with conversation, etc. The weary time she can not entertain. Shak.

4. To give reception to; to receive, in general; to receive and take into consideration; to admit, treat, or make use of; as, to entertain a proposal. I am not here going to entertain so large a theme as the philosophy of Locke. De Quincey. A rumor gained ground, -- and, however absurd, was entertained by some very sensible people. Hawthorne.

5. To meet or encounter, as an enemy. [Obs.] Shak.

6. To keep, hold, or maintain in the mind with favor; to keep in the mind; to harbor; to cherish; as, to entertain sentiments.

7. To lead on; to bring along; to introduce. [Obs.] To baptize all nations, and entertain them into the services institutions of the holy Jesus. Jer. Taylor.

Syn. -- To amuse; divert; maintain. See Amuse.

ENTERTAIN En`ter*tain", v. i.

Defn: To receive, or provide entertainment for, guests; as, he entertains generously.

ENTERTAIN En`ter*tain", n. Etym: [Cf. F. entretien, fr. entretenir.]

Defn: Entertainment. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENTERTAINER En`ter*tain"er, n.

Defn: One who entertains.

ENTERTAINING En`ter*tain"ing, a.

Defn: Affording entertainment; pleasing; amusing; diverting. -- En`ter*tain"ing*ly, adv. -- En`ter*tain"ing*ness, n.

ENTERTAINMENT En`ter*tain"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. OF. entretenement.]

1. The act of receiving as host, or of amusing, admitting, or cherishing; hospitable reception; also, reception or treatment, in general. The entertainment of Christ by faith. Baxter. The sincere entertainment and practice of the precepts of the gospel. Bp. Sprat.

2. That which entertains, or with which one is entertained; as: (a) Hospitality; hospitable provision for the wants of a guest; especially, provision for the table; a hospitable repast; a feast; a formal or elegant meal. (b) That which engages the attention agreeably, amuses or diverts, whether in private, as by conversation, etc., or in public, by performances of some kind; amusement. Theatrical entertainments conducted with greater elegance and refinement. Prescott.

3. Admission into service; service. Some band of strangers in the adversary's entertainment. Shak.

4. Payment of soldiers or servants; wages. [Obs.] The entertainment of the general upon his first arrival was but six shillings and eight pence. Sir J. Davies.

Syn. -- Amusement; diversion; recreation; pastime; sport; feast; banquet; repast; carousal.

ENTERTAKE En`ter*take", v. t.

Defn: To entertain. [Obs.]

ENTERTISSUED En`ter*tis"sued, a.

Defn: Same as Intertissued.

ENTHEAL; ENTHEAN En"the*al, En"the*an, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Divinely inspired; wrought up to enthusiasm. [Obs.]

ENTHEASM En"the*asm, n.

Defn: Inspiration; enthusiasm. [R.] "Religious entheasm." Byron.

ENTHEASTIC En`the*as"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. Entheal.]

Defn: Of godlike energy; inspired. -- En`the*as"tic*al*ly, adv.

ENTHEAT En"the*at, a. Etym: [Cf. L. entheatus, fr. Gr.

Defn: Divinely inspired. [Obs.] Drummond.

ENTHELMINTHA; ENTHELMINTHES En`thel*min"tha, En`thel*min"thes, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Intestinal worms. See Helminthes.

ENTHETIC En*the"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Caused by a morbifie virus implanted in the system; as, an enthetic disease like syphilis.

ENTHRALL En*thrall", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + thrall. Cf. Inthrall.] [Written also enthral.]

Defn: To hold in thrall; to enslave. See Inthrall. The bars survive the captive they enthrall. Byron.

ENTHRALLMENT En*thrall"ment, n.

Defn: The act of enthralling, or state of being enthralled. See Inthrallment.

ENTHRILL En*thrill", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + thrill.]

Defn: To pierce; to thrill. [Obs.] Sackville.

ENTHRONE En*throne", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + throne: cf. OF. enthroner. Cf. Inthronize.]

1. To seat on a throne; to exalt to the seat of royalty or of high authority; hence, to invest with sovereign authority or dignity. Beneath a sculptured arch he sits enthroned. Pope. It [mercy] is enthroned in the hearts of kings. Shak.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: To induct, as a bishop, into the powers and privileges of a vacant see.

ENTHRONEMENT En*throne"ment, n.

Defn: The act of enthroning, or state of being enthroned. [Recent]

ENTHRONIZATION En*thron`i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of enthroning; hence, the admission of a bishop to his stall or throne in his cathedral.

ENTHRONIZE En*thron"ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enthronized; p. pr. & vb. n. Enthronizing.] Etym: [See Inthronize.]

Defn: To place on a throne; hence, to induct into office, as a bishop. There openly enthronized as the very elected king. Knolles.

ENTHUSE En*thuse", v. t. & i.

Defn: To make or become enthusiastic. [Slang]

ENTHUSIASM En*thu"si*asm, n. Etym: [Gr. enthousiasme. See Entheal, Theism.]

1. Inspiration as if by a divine or superhuman power; ecstasy; hence, a conceit of divine possession and revelation, or of being directly subject to some divine impulse. Enthusiasm is founded neither on reason nor divine revelation, but rises from the conceits of a warmed or overweening imagination. Locke.

2. A state of impassioned emotion; transport; elevation of fancy; exaltation of soul; as, the poetry of enthusiasm. Resolutions adopted in enthusiasm are often repented of when excitement has been succeeded by the wearing duties of hard everyday routine. Froude. Exhibiting the seeming contradiction of susceptibility to enthusiasm and calculating shrewdness. Bancroft.

3. Enkindled and kindling fervor of soul; strong excitement of feeling on behalf of a cause or a subject; ardent and imaginative zeal or interest; as, he engaged in his profession with enthusiasm. Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. Emerson.

4. Lively manifestation of joy or zeal. Philip was greeted with a tumultuous enthusiasm. Prescott.

ENTHUSIAST En*thu"si*ast, n. Etym: [Gr. enthousiaste.]

Defn: One moved or actuated by enthusiasm; as: (a) One who imagines himself divinely inspired, or possessed of some special revelation; a religious madman; a fanatic. (b) One whose mind is wholly possessed and heated by what engages it; one who is influenced by a peculiar; fervor of mind; an ardent and imaginative person. Enthusiasts soon understand each other. W. Irving.

Syn. -- Visionary; fanatic; devotee; zealot.

ENTHUSIASTIC; ENTHUSIASTICAL En*thu`si*as"tic, En*thu`si*as"tic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Filled with enthusiasm; characterized by enthusiasm; zealous; as, an enthusiastic lover of art. "Enthusiastical raptures." Calamy. -- En*thu`si*as"tic*al*ly, adv. A young man . . . of a visionary and enthusiastic character. W. Irving.

ENTHUSIASTIC En*thu`si*as"tic, n.

Defn: An enthusiast; a zealot. [Obs.]

ENTHYMEMATIC; ENTHYMEMATICAL En`thy*me*mat"ic, En`thy*me*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to, or of the form of, an enthymeme.

ENTHYMEME En"thy*meme, n. Etym: [Gr. (Logic)

Defn: An argument consisting of only two propositions, an antecedent and consequent deduced from it; a syllogism with one premise omitted; as, We are dependent; therefore we should be humble. Here the major proposition is suppressed. The complete syllogism would be, Dependent creatures should be humble; we are dependent creatures; therefore we should be humble.

ENTICE En*tice", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enticed; p. pr. & vb. n. Enticing.] Etym: [OE. entisen, enticen, OF. enticier, entichier; pref. en- (L. in) + a word of uncertain origin, cf. OF. atisier to stir a fire, provoke, L. titio firebrand, or MHG. zicken to push.]

Defn: To draw on, by exciting hope or desire; to allure; to attract; as, the bait enticed the fishes. Often in a bad sense: To lead astray; to induce to evil; to tempt; as, the sirens enticed them to listen. Roses blushing as they blow, And enticing men to pull. Beau. & Fl. My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou not. Prov. i. 10. Go, and thine erring brother gain, Entice him home to be forgiven. Keble.

Syn. -- To allure; lure; coax; decoy; seduce; tempt; inveigle; incite; persuade; prevail on. See Allure.

ENTICEABLE En*tice"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being enticed.

ENTICEMENT En*tice"ment, n. Etym: [OF. enticement.]

1. The act or practice of alluring or tempting; as, the enticements of evil companions.

2. That which entices, or incites to evil; means of allurement; alluring object; as, an enticement to sin.

Syn. -- Allurement; attraction; temptation; seduction; inveiglement; persuasion; inducement.

ENTICER En*ti"cer, n.

Defn: One who entices; one who incites or allures to evil. Burton.

ENTICING En*ti"cing, a.

Defn: That entices; alluring.

ENTICINGLY En*ti"cing*ly, adv.

Defn: In an enticing manner; charmingly. "She . . . sings most enticingly." Addison.

ENTIERTY En*tier"ty, n.

Defn: See Entirety. [Obs.]

ENTIRE En*tire", a. Etym: [F. entier, L. integer untouched, undiminished, entire; pref. in-, negative + the root of tangere to touch. See Tangent, and cf. Integer.]

1. Complete in all parts; undivided; undiminished; whole; full and perfect; not deficient; as, the entire control of a business; entire confidence, ignorance. That ye may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing. James i. 4. With strength entire and free will armed. Milton. One entire and perfect chrysolite. Shak.

2. Without mixture or alloy of anything; unqualified; morally whole; pure; faithful. Pure fear and entire cowardice. Shak. No man had ever a heart more entire to the king. Clarendon.

3. (Bot.) (a) Consisting of a single piece, as a corolla. (b) Having an evenly continuous edge, as a leaf which has no kind of teeth.

4. Not gelded; -- said of a horse.

5. Internal; interior. [Obs.] Spenser.

Syn. -- See Whole, and Radical.

ENTIRE En*tire", n.

1. Entirely. "Too long to print in entire." Thackeray.

2. (Brewing)

Defn: A name originally given to a kind of beer combining qualities of different kinds of beer. [Eng.] "Foker's Entire." Thackeray.

ENTIRELY En*tire"ly, adv.

1. In an entire manner; wholly; completely; fully; as, the trace is entirely lost. Euphrates falls not entirely into the Persian Sea. Raleigh.

2. Without alloy or mixture; truly; sincerely. To highest God entirely pray. Spenser.

ENTIRENESS En*tire"ness, n.

1. The state or condition of being entire; completeness; fullness; totality; as, the entireness of an arch or a bridge. This same entireness or completeness. Trench.

2. Integrity; wholeness of heart; honesty. [R.] Entireness in preaching the gospel. Udall.

3. Oneness; unity; -- applied to a condition of intimacy or close association. [Obs.] True Christian love may be separated from acquaintance, and acquaintance from entireness. Bp. Hall.

ENTIRETY En*tire"ty, n.; pl. Entireness. Etym: [OF. entiereté. Cf. Integrity.]

1. The state of being entire; completeness; as, entirely of interest. Blackstone.

2. That which is entire; the whole. Bacon.

ENTIRE-WHEAT En*tire"-wheat", a.

Defn: Designating, made of, or relating to, flour including a considerable part of the bran.

ENTITATIVE En"ti*ta*tive, a. Etym: [See Entity.]

Defn: Considered as pure entity; abstracted from all circumstances. Ellis. -- En"ti*ta*tive*ly, adv.

ENTITLE En*ti"tle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entitled; p. pr. & vb. n. Entitling.] Etym: [OF. entituler, F. intituler, LL. intitulare, fr. L. in + titulus title. See Title, and cf. Intitule.]

1. To give a title to; to affix to as a name or appellation; hence, also, to dignify by an honorary designation; to denominate; to call; as, to entitle a book "Commentaries;" to entitle a man "Honorable." That which . . . we entitle patience. Shak.

2. To give a claim to; to qualify for, with a direct object of the person, and a remote object of the thing; to furnish with grounds for seeking or claiming with success; as, an officer's talents entitle him to command.

3. To attribute; to ascribe. [Obs.] The ancient proverb . . . entitles this work . . . peculiarly to God himself. Milton.

Syn. -- To name; designate; style; characterize; empower; qualify; enable; fit.

ENTITULE En*tit"ule, v. t. Etym: [See Entitle.]

Defn: To entitle. B. Jonson.

ENTITY En"ti*ty, n.; pl. Entities. Etym: [LL. entitas, fr. L. ens, entis, thing, prop. p. pr. of esse to be: cf. F. entité. See Essence, Is.]

Defn: A real being, whether in thought (as an ideal conception) or in fact; being; essence; existence. Self-subsisting entities, such as our own personality. Shairp. Fortune is no real entity, . . . but a mere relative signification. Bentley.

ENTO- En"to-. Etym: [Gr. In.]

Defn: A combining form signifying within; as, entoblast.

ENTOBLAST En"to*blast, n. Etym: [Ento- + -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: The inner germ layer; endoderm. See Nucleolus.

ENTOBRONCHIUM En`to*bron"chi*um, n.; pl. Entobronchia. Etym: [See Ento-, and Bronchia.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the main bronchi in the lungs of birds.

ENTOCUNEIFORM; ENTOCUNIFORM En`to*cu*ne"i*form, En`to*cu"ni*form, n. Etym: [Ento- + cuneiform, cuniform.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.

ENTODERM En"to*derm, n. Etym: [Ento- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: See Endoderm, and Illust. of Blastoderm.

ENTODERMAL; ENTODERMIC En`to*der"mal, En`to*der"mic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Relating to the entoderm.

ENTOGASTRIC En`to*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Ento- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the interior of the stomach; -- applied to a mode of budding from the interior of the gastric cavity, in certain hydroids.

ENTOGENOUS En*tog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Ento- + -genous.] (Biol.)

Defn: See Endogenous.

ENTOGLOSSAL En`to*glos"sal, a. Etym: [Ento- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Within the tongue; -- applied to the glossohyal bone.

ENTOIL En*toil", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entoiled; p. pr. & vb. n. Entoiling.]

Defn: To take with toils or bring into toils; to insnare. [R.] Entoiled in woofed phantasies. Keats.

ENTOMB En*tomb", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entombed; p. pr. & vb. n. Entombing.] Etym: [Pref. en- + tomb: cf. OF. entomber.]

Defn: To deposit in a tomb, as a dead body; to bury; to inter; to inhume. Hooker.

ENTOMBMENT En*tomb"ment, n.

Defn: The act of entombing or burying, or state of being entombed; burial. Barrow.

ENTOMERE En"to*mere, n. Etym: [Ento- + -mere.] (Biol.)

Defn: The more granular cells, which finally become internal, in many segmenting ova, as those of mammals.

ENTOMIC; ENTOMICAL En*tom"ic, En*tom"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr. Entomology.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating to insects; entomological.

ENTOMOID En"to*moid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Resembling an insect. -- n.

Defn: An object resembling an insect.

ENTOMOLIN En*tom"o*lin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: See Chitin.

ENTOMOLITE En*tom"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil insect.

ENTOMOLOGIC; ENTOMOLOGICAL En`to*mo*log"ic, En`to*mo*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. entomologique.]

Defn: Of or relating to entomology. -- En`to*mo*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

ENTOMOLOGIST En`to*mol"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. entomologiste.]

Defn: One versed in entomology.

ENTOMOLOGIZE En`to*mol"o*gize, v. i.

Defn: To collect specimens in the study of entomology. C. Kingsley.

ENTOMOLOGY En`to*mol"o*gy, n.; pl. Entomologies. Etym: [Gr. 'e`ntomon insect (so called because nearly cut in two, fr. 'e`ntomos cut in; 'en in + te`mnein to cut) + -logy: cf. F. entomologie. See In, and Tome, and cf. Insect.]

1. That part of zoölogy which treats of insects.

2. A treatise on the science of entomology.

ENTOMOPHAGA En`to*moph"a*ga, n.; pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`ntomon an insect + fagei^n to eat.] (Zoöl.)

1. One of a group of hymenopterous insects whose larvæ feed parasitically upon living insects. See Ichneumon,

2.

2. A group of marsupials which are partly insectivorous, as the opossum.

3. A group of edentates, including the ant-eaters.

ENTOMOPHAGAN En`to*moph"a*gan, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating to the Entomophaga. -- n.

Defn: One of the Entomophaga.

ENTOMOPHAGOUS En`to*moph"a*gous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Feeding on insects; insectivorous.

ENTOMOPHILOUS En`to*moph"i*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Fertilized by the agency of insects; -- said of plants in which the pollen is carried to the stigma by insects.

ENTOMOSTRACA En`to*mos"tra*ca, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the subclasses of Crustacea, including a large number of species, many of them minute. The group embraces several orders; as the Phyllopoda, Ostracoda, Copepoda, and Pectostraca. See Copepoda, Phyllopoda, and Cladocera.

ENTOMOSTRACAN En`to*mos"tra*can, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Relating to the Entomostraca. -- n.

Defn: One of the Entomostraca.

ENTOMOSTRACOUS En`to*mos"tra*cous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Belonging to the Entomostracans.

ENTOMOTOMIST En`to*mot"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who practices entomotomy.

ENTOMOTOMY En`to*mot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The science of the dissection of insects.

ENTONIC En*ton"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. Entasis.] (Med.)

Defn: Having great tension, or exaggerated action. Dunglison.

ENTOPERIPHERAL En`to*pe*riph"er*al, a. Etym: [Ento- + peripheral.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Being, or having its origin, within the external surface of the body; -- especially applied to feelings, such as hunger, produced by internal disturbances. Opposed to epiperipheral.

ENTOPHYTE En"to*phyte, n. Etym: [Ento- + Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A vegetable parasite subsisting in the interior of the body.

ENTOPHYTIC En`to*phyt"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to entophytes; as, an entophytic disease.

ENTOPLASM En"to*plasm, n. Etym: [Ento- + Gr. (Biol.) (a) The inner granular layer of protoplasm in a developing ovum. (b) Endosarc.

ENTOPLASTIC En`to*plas"tic, a. Etym: [Ento- + Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or composed of, entoplasm; as, the entoplastic products of some Protozoa, or the entoplastic modification of the cell protoplasm, by which a nucleus is produced.

ENTOPLASTRON En`to*plas"tron, n.; pl. Entoplastra. Etym: [Ento- + plastron.] (Anat.)

Defn: The median plate of the plastron of turtles; -- called also entosternum.

ENTOPROCTA En`to*proc"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of Bryozoa in which the anus is within the circle of tentacles. See Pedicellina.

ENTOPTIC Ent*op"tic, a. Etym: [Ent- + optic.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Relating to objects situated within the eye; esp., relating to the perception of objects in one's own eye.

ENTORGANISM Ent*or"gan*ism, n. Etym: [Ent- + organism.] (Biol.)

Defn: An internal parasitic organism.

ENTORTILATION En*tor`ti*la"tion, n. Etym: [F. entortiller to twist; pref. en- (L. in) + tortiller to twist.]

Defn: A turning into a circle; round figures. [Obs.] Donne.

ENTOSTERNUM En`to*ster"num, n.; pl. Entosterna. Etym: [NL. See Ento-, and Sternum.] (Anat.)

Defn: See Entoplastron. -- En`to*ster"nal, a.

ENTOSTHOBLAST En*tos"tho*blast, n. Etym: [Gr. 'e`ntosthe from within + -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: The granule within the nucleolus or entoblast of a nucleated cell. Agassiz.

ENTOTHORAX En`to*tho"rax, n. Etym: [Ento- + thorax.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Endothorax.

ENTOTIC Ent*ot"ic, a. Etym: [Ent- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the interior of the ear.

ENTOURAGE En`tou`rage" (äN`too`razh"), n. [F.]

Defn: Surroundings; specif., collectively, one's attendants or associates.

The entourage and mode of life of the mikados were not such as to make of them able rulers. B. H. Chamberlain.

ENTOZOA En`to*zo"a, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

1. A group of worms, including the tapeworms, flukes, roundworms, etc., most of which live parasitically in the interior of other animals; the Helminthes.

2. An artificial group, including all kinds of animals living parasitically in others.

ENTOZOAL; ENTOZOIC En`to*zo"al, En`to*zo"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or consisting of, the Entozoa.

ENTOZOOLOGIST; ENTOZOOELOGIST En`to*zo*öl"o*gist, n. Etym: [Entozoön + -logy + -ist.]

Defn: One versed in the science of the Entozoa.

ENTOZOON; ENTOZOOEN En`to*zo"ön, n.; pl. Entozoa. Etym: [NL. See Entozoa.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Entozoa.

ENTR'ACTE En`tr'acte", n. Etym: [F. Cf. Interact.]

1. The interval of time which occurs between the performance of any two acts of a drama.

2. A dance, piece of music, or interlude, performed between two acts of a drama.

ENTRAIL En*trail", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + OF. treiller to grate, lattice, F. treille vine, arbor. See Trellis.]

Defn: To interweave; to intertwine. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENTRAIL En*trail", n.

Defn: Entanglement; fold. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENTRAILS En"trails, n. pl. Etym: [F. entrailles, LL. intralia, intranea, fr. interaneum, pl. interanea, intestine, interaneus inward, interior, fr. inter between, among, within. See Internal.]

1. The internal parts of animal bodies; the bowels; the guts; viscera; intestines.

2. The internal parts; as, the entrails of the earth. That treasure . . . hid the dark entrails of America. Locke.

ENTRAIN En*train", v. t. Etym: [F. entrainer.]

Defn: To draw along as a current does; as, water entrained by steam.

ENTRAIN En*train", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + train.]

Defn: To put aboard a railway train; as, to entrain a regiment. [Recent, Eng.]

ENTRAIN En*train", v. i.

Defn: To go aboard a railway train; as, the troops entrained at the station. [Recent, Eng.]

ENTRAMMEL En*tram"mel, v. t. Etym: [See Trammel.]

Defn: To trammel; to entangle. Bp. Hacket.

ENTRANCE En"trance, n. Etym: [OF. entrance, fr. OF. & F. entrant, p. pr. of entrer to enter. See Enter.]

1. The act of entering or going into; ingress; as, the entrance of a person into a house or an apartment; hence, the act of taking possession, as of property, or of office; as, the entrance of an heir upon his inheritance, or of a magistrate into office.

2. Liberty, power, or permission to enter; as, to give entrance to friends. Shak.

3. The passage, door, or gate, for entering. Show us, we pray thee, the entrance into the city. Judg. i. 24.

4. The entering upon; the beginning, or that with which the beginning is made; the commencement; initiation; as, a difficult entrance into business. "Beware of entrance to a quarrel." Shak. St. Augustine, in the entrance of one of his discourses, makes a kind of apology. Hakewill.

5. The causing to be entered upon a register, as a ship or goods, at a customhouse; an entering; as, his entrance of the arrival was made the same day.

6. (Naut.) (a) The angle which the bow of a vessel makes with the water at the water line. Ham. Nav. Encyc. (b) The bow, or entire wedgelike forepart of a vessel, below the water line. Totten.

ENTRANCE En*trance", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entranced; p. pr. & vb. n. Entrancing.] Etym: [Pref. en- + trance.]

1. To put into a trance; to make insensible to present objects. Him, still entranced and in a litter laid, They bore from field and to the bed conveyed. Dryden.

2. To put into an ecstasy; to ravish with delight or wonder; to enrapture; to charm. And I so ravished with her heavenly note, I stood entranced, and had no room for thought. Dryden.

ENTRANCEMENT En*trance"ment, n.

Defn: The act of entrancing, or the state of trance or ecstasy. Otway.

ENTRANT En"trant, n. Etym: [See Entrance, n.]

1. One who enters; a beginner. "The entrant upon life." Bp. Terrot.

2. An applicant for admission. Stormonth.

ENTRAP En*trap", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entrapped; p. pr. & vb. n. Entrapping.] Etym: [Pref. en- + trap: cf. OF. entraper.]

Defn: To catch in a trap; to insnare; hence, to catch, as in a trap, by artifices; to involve in difficulties or distresses; to catch or involve in contradictions; as, to be entrapped by the devices of evil men. A golden mesh, to entrap the hearts of men. Shak.

Syn. -- To insnare; inveigle; tangle; decoy; entangle.

ENTREAT En*treat", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Entreated; p. pr. & vb. n. Entreating.] Etym: [OE. entreten to treat, request, OF. entraiter to treat of; pref. en- (L. in) + traitier to treat. See Treat.]

1. To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to use. [Obs.] Fairly let her be entreated. Shak. I will cause the enemy to entreat thee well. Jer. xv. 11.

2. To treat with, or in respect to, a thing desired; hence, to ask earnestly; to beseech; to petition or pray with urgency; to supplicate; to importune. "Entreat my wife to come." "I do entreat your patience." Shak. I must entreat of you some of that money. Shak. Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door. Poe. Isaac entreated the Lord for his wife. Gen. xxv. 21.

3. To beseech or supplicate successfully; to prevail upon by prayer or solicitation; to persuade. It were a fruitless attempt to appease a power whom no prayers could entreat. Rogers.

4. To invite; to entertain. [Obs.] "Pleasures to entreat." Spenser.

Syn. -- To beseech; beg; solicit; crave; implore; supplicate. See Beseech.

ENTREAT En*treat", v. i.

1. To treat or discourse; hence, to enter into negotiations, as for a treaty. [Obs.] Of which I shall have further occasion to entreat. Hakewill. Alexander . . . was first that entreated of true peace with them. 1 Mac. x. 47.

2. To make an earnest petition or request. The Janizaries entreated for them as valiant men. Knolles.

ENTREAT En*treat", n.

Defn: Entreaty. [Obs.] Ford.

ENTREATABLE En*treat"a*ble, a.

Defn: That may be entreated.

ENTREATANCE En*treat"ance, n.

Defn: Entreaty. [Obs.] Fairfax.

ENTREATER En*treat"er, n.

Defn: One who entreats; one who asks earnestly; a beseecher.

ENTREATFUL En*treat"ful, a.

Defn: Full of entreaty. [R.] See Intreatful.

ENTREATINGLY En*treat"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In an entreating manner.

ENTREATIVE En*treat"ive, a.

Defn: Used in entreaty; pleading. [R.] "Entreative phrase." A. Brewer.

ENTREATMENT En*treat"ment, n.

Defn: Entreaty; invitation. [Obs.] Shak.

ENTREATY En*treat"y, n.; pl. Entreaties (.

1. Treatment; reception; entertainment. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

2. The act of entreating or beseeching; urgent prayer; earnest petition; pressing solicitation. Fair entreaty, and sweet blandishment. Spenser.

Syn. -- Solicitation; request; suit; supplication; importunity.

ENTREE En`trée", n. Etym: [F. See Entry.]

1. A coming in, or entrance; hence, freedom of access; permission or right to enter; as, to have the entrée of a house.

2. (Cookery)

Defn: In French usage, a dish served at the beginning of dinner to give zest to the appetite; in English usage, a side dish, served with a joint, or between the courses, as a cutlet, scalloped oysters, etc.

ENTREMETS En`tre*mets", n. sing. & pl. Etym: [F., fr. entre between + mets a dish, mess.]

1. (Cookery)

Defn: A side dish; a dainty or relishing dish usually eaten after the joints or principal dish; also, a sweetmeat, served with a dinner.

2. Any small entertainment between two greater ones. [R.]

ENTRENCH En*trench", v. t.

Defn: See Intrench.

ENTREPOT En`tre*pôt", n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: A warehouse; a magazine for depositing goods, stores, etc.; a mart or place where merchandise is deposited; as, an entrepôt for shipping goods in transit.

ENTREPRENEUR En`tre*pre*neur", n. Etym: [F. See Enterprise.] (Polit. Econ.)

Defn: One who creates a product on his own account; whoever undertakes on his own account an industrial enterprise in which workmen are employed. F. A. Walker.

ENTRESOL En`tre*sol", n. Etym: [F.] (Arch.)

Defn: A low story between two higher ones, usually between the ground floor and the first story; mezzanine. Parker.

ENTRICK En*trick", v. t. Etym: [Cf. OE. entriken to perplex, OF. entriquer. Cf. Trick, Intrigue.]

Defn: To trick, to perplex. [Obs.] Rom. of R.

ENTROCHAL En"tro*chal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or consisting of, entrochites, or the joints of encrinites; -- used of a kind of stone or marble.

ENTROCHITE En"tro*chite, n. Etym: [Pref. en- + Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil joint of a crinoid stem.

ENTROPION En*tro"pi*on, n. Etym: [NL.] (Med.)

Defn: Same as Entropium.

ENTROPIUM En*tro"pi*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Entropy.] (Med.)

Defn: The inversion or turning in of the border of the eyelids.

ENTROPY En"tro*py, n. Etym: [Gr. (Thermodynamics)

Defn: A certain property of a body, expressed as a measurable quantity, such that when there is no communication of heat the quantity remains constant, but when heat enters or leaves the body the quantity increases or diminishes. If a small amount, h, of heat enters the body when its temperature is t in the thermodynamic scale the entropy of the body is increased by h . The entropy is regarded as measured from some standard temperature and pressure. Sometimes called the thermodynamic function. The entropy of the universe tends towards a maximum. Clausius.

ENTRUST En*trust", v. t.

Defn: See Intrust.

ENTRY En"try, n.; pl. Entries. Etym: [OE. entree, entre, F. entrée, fr. entrer to enter. See Enter, and cf. Entrée.]

1. The act of entering or passing into or upon; entrance; ingress; hence, beginnings or first attempts; as, the entry of a person into a house or city; the entry of a river into the sea; the entry of air into the blood; an entry upon an undertaking.

2. The act of making or entering a record; a setting down in writing the particulars, as of a transaction; as, an entry of a sale; also, that which is entered; an item. A notary made an entry of this act. Bacon.

3. That by which entrance is made; a passage leading into a house or other building, or to a room; a vestibule; an adit, as of a mine. A straight, long entry to the temple led. Dryden.

4. (Com.)

Defn: The exhibition or depositing of a ship's papers at the customhouse, to procure license to land goods; or the giving an account of a ship's cargo to the officer of the customs, and obtaining his permission to land the goods. See Enter, v. t., 8, and Entrance, n.,

5.

5. (Law) (a) The actual taking possession of lands or tenements, by entering or setting foot on them. (b) A putting upon record in proper form and order. (c) The act in addition to breaking essential to constitute the offense or burglary. Burrill. Bill of entry. See under Bill. -- Double entry, Single entry. See Bookkeeping. -- Entry clerk (Com.), a clerk who makes the original entries of transactions in a business. -- Writ of entry (Law), a writ issued for the purpose of obtaining possession of land from one who has unlawfully entered and continues in possession. Bouvier.

ENTRYNG En"tryng, n.

Defn: Am entrance. [Obs.] So great an entryng and so large. Chaucer.

ENTUNE En*tune", v. t.

Defn: To tune; to intone. Chaucer.

ENTWINE En*twine", v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + twine. Cf. Intwine.]

Defn: To twine, twist, or wreathe together or round. [Written also intwine.] Entwined in duskier wreaths her braided locks. Shelley. Thy glorious household stuff did me entwine. Herbert.

ENTWINE En*twine", v. i.

Defn: To be twisted or twined. With whose imperial laurels might entwine no cypress. De Quincey.

ENTWINEMENT En*twine"ment, n.

Defn: A twining or twisting together or round; union. Bp. Hacket.

ENTWIST En*twist", v. t.

Defn: To twist or wreathe round; to intwine. Shak.

ENUBILATE E*nu"bi*late, v. t. Etym: [L. enubilatus, p. p. of enubilare to enubilate; e out + nubila clouds, fr. nubilis cloudy, nubes cloud.]

Defn: To clear from mist, clouds, or obscurity. [R.] Bailey.

ENUBILOUS E*nu"bi*lous, a. Etym: [See Enubilate.]

Defn: Free from fog, mist, or clouds; clear. [R.]

ENUCLEATE E*nu"cle*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enucleated; p. pr. & vb. n. Enucleating.] Etym: [L. enucleatus, p. p. of enucleare to enucleate; e out + nucleus kernel.]

1. To bring or peel out, as a kernel from its enveloping husks its enveloping husks or shell.

2. (Med.)

Defn: To remove without cutting (as a tumor).

3. To bring to light; to make clear. Sclater (1654).

ENUCLEATION E*nu`cle*a"tion, n. Etym: [Cf. F. énucléation.]

Defn: The act of enucleating; elucidation; exposition. Neither sir, nor water, nor food, seem directly to contribute anything to the enucleation of this disease. Tooke.

ENUMERATE E*nu"mer*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enumerated; p. pr. & vb. n. Enumerating.] Etym: [L. enumeratus, p. p. of enumerare to count out, enumerate; e out + numerare to count, fr. numerus number. See Number.]

Defn: To count; to tell by numbers; to count over, or tell off one after another; to number; to reckon up; to mention one by one; to name over; to make a special and separate account of; to recount; as, to enumerate the stars in a constellation. Enumerating the services he had done. Ludlow.

Syn. -- To reckon; compute; calculate; count; estimate; relate; rehearse; recapitulate; detail.

ENUMERATION E*nu`mer*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. enumeratio: cf. F. énumération.]

1. The act of enumerating, making separate mention, or recounting.

2. A detailed account, in which each thing is specially noticed. Because almost every man we meet possesses these, we leave them out of our enumeration. Paley.

3. (Rhet.)

Defn: A recapitulation, in the peroration, of the heads of an argument.

ENUMERATIVE E*nu"mer*a*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. F. énumératif.]

Defn: Counting, or reckoning up, one by one. Enumerative of the variety of evils. Jer. Taylor.

ENUMERATOR E*nu"mer*a`tor, n.

Defn: One who enumerates.

ENUNCIABLE E*nun"ci*a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being enunciated or expressed.

ENUNCIATE E*nun"ci*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enunciated; p. pr. & vb. n. Enunciating.] Etym: [L. enuntiatus, -ciatus, p. p. of enuntiare, - ciare. See Enounce.]

1. To make a formal statement of; to announce; to proclaim; to declare, as a truth. The terms in which he enunciates the great doctrines of the gospel. Coleridge.

2. To make distinctly audible; to utter articulately; to pronounce; as, to enunciate a word distinctly.

ENUNCIATE E*nun"ci*ate, v. i.

Defn: To utter words or syllables articulately.

ENUNCIATION E*nun`ci*a"tion, n. Etym: [L. enuntiatio, -ciatio.]

1. The act of enunciating, announcing, proclaiming, or making known; open attestation; declaration; as, the enunciation of an important truth. By way of interpretation and enunciation. Jer. Taylor.

2. Mode of utterance or pronunciation, especially as regards fullness and distinctness or articulation; as, to speak with a clear or impressive enunciation.

3. That which is enunciated or announced; words in which a proposition is expressed; an announcement; a formal declaration; a statement. Every intelligible enunciation must be either true or false. A. Clarke.

ENUNCIATIVE E*nun"ci*a*tive, a. Etym: [L. enuntiativus, -ciativus.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation; declarative. Ayliffe. -- E*nun"ci*a*tive*ly, adv.

ENUNCIATOR E*nun"ci*a`tor, n. Etym: [L. enuntiator, enunciator.]

Defn: One who enunciates or proclaims.

ENUNCIATORY E*nun"ci*a*to*ry, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation or utterance.

ENURE En*ure", v. t.

Defn: See Inure.

ENURESIS En`u*re"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: An involuntary discharge of urine; incontinence of urine.

ENVASSAL En*vas"sal, v. t.

Defn: To make a vassal of. [Obs.]

ENVAULT En*vault", v. t.

Defn: To inclose in a vault; to entomb. [R.] Swift.

ENVEIGLE En*vei"gle, v. t.

Defn: To entice. See Inveigle.

ENVELOP En*vel"op, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enveloped; p. pr. & vb. n. Enveloping.] Etym: [OE. envolupen, envolipen, OF. envoluper, envoleper, F. envelopper; pref. en- (L. in) + voluper, voleper. See Develop.]

Defn: To put a covering about; to wrap up or in; to inclose within a case, wrapper, integument or the like; to surround entirely; as, to envelop goods or a letter; the fog envelops a ship. Nocturnal shades this world envelop. J. Philips.

ENVELOPE; ENVELOP En"vel*ope, En*vel"op, n. Etym: [F. enveloppe.]

1. That which envelops, wraps up, encases, or surrounds; a wrapper; an inclosing cover; esp., the cover or wrapper of a document, as of a letter.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The nebulous covering of the head or nucleus of a comet; -- called also coma.

3. (Fort.)

Defn: A work of earth, in the form of a single parapet or of a small rampart. It is sometimes raised in the ditch and sometimes beyond it. Wilhelm.

4. (Geom.)

Defn: A curve or surface which is tangent to each member of a system of curves or surfaces, the form and position of the members of the system being allowed to vary according to some continuous law. Thus, any curve is the envelope of its tangents. push the envelope. It is used to refer to the maximum performance available at the current state of the technology, and therefore refers to a class of machines in general, not a specific machine. push the envelope Increase the capability of some type of machine or system; -- usu. by technological development.

ENVELOPMENT En*vel"op*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. enveloppement.]

1. The act of enveloping or wrapping; an inclosing or covering on all sides.

2. That which envelops or surrounds; an envelop.

ENVENIME En*ven"ime, v. t.

Defn: To envenom. [Obs.]

ENVENOM En*ven"om, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Envenomed; p. pr. & vb. n. Envenoming.] Etym: [OE. envenimen, F. envenimer; pref. en- (L. in) + F. venin poison. See Venom.]

1. To taint or impregnate with venom, or any substance noxious to life; to poison; to render dangerous or deadly by poison, as food, drink, a weapon; as, envenomed meat, wine, or arrow; also, to poison (a person) by impregnating with venom. Alcides . . . felt the envenomed robe. Milton. O, what a world is this, when what is comely Envenoms him that bears it! Shak.

2. To taint or impregnate with bitterness, malice, or hatred; to imbue as with venom; to imbitter. The envenomed tongue of calumny. Smollett. On the question of slavery opinion has of late years been peculiarly envenomed. Sir G. C. Lewis.

ENVERMEIL En*ver"meil, v. t. Etym: [Pref. en- + vermeil: cf. OF. envermeiller. See Vermil.]

Defn: To color with, or as with, vermilion; to dye red. [Obs.] Milton.

ENVIABLE En"vi*a*ble, a. Etym: [From Envy.]

Defn: Fitted to excite envy; capable of awakening an ardent desire to posses or to resemble. One of most enviable of human beings. Macaulay. -- En"vi*a*ble*ness, n. -- En"vi*a*bly, adv.

ENVIE En*vie", v. i. Etym: [See Vie.]

Defn: To vie; to emulate; to strive. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENVIER En"vi*er, n.

Defn: One who envies; one who desires inordinately what another possesses.

ENVIGOR En*vig"or, v. t.

Defn: To invigorate. [Obs.]

ENVIOUS En"vi*ous, a. Etym: [OF. envios, F. envieux, fr. L. invidiosus, fr. invidia envy. See Envy, and cf. Invidious.]

1. Malignant; mischievous; spiteful. [Obs.] Each envious brier his weary legs doth scratch. Shak.

2. Feeling or exhibiting envy; actuated or directed by, or proceeding from, envy; -- said of a person, disposition, feeling, act, etc.; jealously pained by the excellence or good fortune of another; maliciously grudging; -- followed by of, at, and against; as, an envious man, disposition, attack; envious tongues. My soul is envious of mine eye. Keble. Neither be thou envious at the wicked. Prov. xxiv. 19.

3. Inspiring envy. [Obs. or Poetic] He to him leapt, and that same envious gage Of victor's glory from him snatched away. Spenser.

4. Excessively careful; cautious. [Obs.] No men are so envious of their health. Jer. Taylor. -- En"vi*ous*ly, adv. -- En"vi*ous*ness, n.

ENVIRON En*vi"ron, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Environed; p. pr. & vb. n. Environing.] Etym: [F. environner, fr. environ about, thereabout; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. viron circle, circuit, fr. OF. & F. virer to turn, LL. virare to turn up and down, topsy-turvy. Cf. Veer.]

Defn: To surround; to encompass; to encircle; to hem in; to be round about; to involve or envelop. Dwelling in a pleasant glade, With mountains round about environed. Spenser. Environed he was with many foes. Shak. Environ me with darkness whilst I write. Donne.

ENVIRON En*vi"ron, adv. Etym: [F.]

Defn: About; around. [Obs.] Lord Godfrey's eye three times environ goes. Fairfax.

ENVIRONMENT En*vi"ron*ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. environnement.]

1. Act of environing; state of being environed.

2. That which environs or surrounds; surrounding conditions, influences, or forces, by which living forms are influenced and modified in their growth and development. It is no friendly environment, this of thine. Carlyle.

ENVIRONS En*vi"rons, n. pl. Etym: [F.]

Defn: The parts or places which surround another place, or lie in its neighborhood; suburbs; as, the environs of a city or town. Chesterfield.

ENVISAGE En*vis"age (; 48), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Envisaged (; 48); p. pr. & vb. n. Envisaging.] Etym: [F. envisager; pref. en- (L. in) + visage face, visage. See Visage.]

Defn: To look in the face of; to apprehend; to regard. [R.] Keats. From the very dawn of existence the infant must envisage self, and body acting on self. McCosh.

ENVISAGEMENT En*vis"age*ment, n.

Defn: The act of envisaging.

ENVOLUME En*vol"ume, v. t.

Defn: To form into, or incorporate with, a volume. [R.]

ENVOLUP En*vol"up, v. t. Etym: [See Envelop.]

Defn: To wrap up; to envelop. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENVOY En"voy, n. Etym: [F. envoyé envoy, fr. envoyer to send; pref. en- (L. in) + voie way, L. via: cf. F. envoi an envoy (in sense 2). See Voyage, and cf. Invoice.]

1. One dispatched upon an errand or mission; a messenger; esp., a person deputed by a sovereign or a government to negotiate a treaty, or transact other business, with a foreign sovereign or government; a minister accredited to a foreign government. An envoy's rank is below that of an ambassador.

2. Etym: [F. envoi, fr. envoyer to send.]

Defn: An explanatory or commendatory postscript to a poem, essay, or book; -- also in the French from, l'envoi. The envoy of a ballad is the "sending" of it forth. Skeat.

ENVOYSHIP En"voy*ship, n.

Defn: The office or position of an envoy.

ENVY En"vy, n.; pl. Envies. Etym: [F. envie, L. invidia envious; akin to invidere to look askance at, to look with enmity; in against + videre to see. See Vision.]

1. Malice; ill will; spite. [Obs.] If he evade us there, Enforce him with his envy to the people. Shak.

2. Chagrin, mortification, discontent, or uneasiness at the sight of another's excellence or good fortune, accompanied with some degree of hatred and a desire to possess equal advantages; malicious grudging; -- usually followed by of; as, they did this in envy of Cæsar. Envy is a repining at the prosperity or good of another, or anger and displeasure at any good of another which we want, or any advantage another hath above us. Ray. No bliss Enjoyed by us excites his envy more. Milton. Envy, to which the ignoble mind's a slave, Is emulation in the learned or brave. Pope.

3. Emulation; rivalry. [Obs.] Such as cleanliness and decency Prompt to a virtuous envy. Ford.

4. Public odium; ill repute. [Obs.] To lay the envy of the war upon Cicero. B. Jonson.

5. An object of envious notice or feeling. This constitution in former days used to be the envy of the world. Macaulay.

ENVY En"vy, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Envied; p. pr. & vb. n. Envying.] Etym: [F. envier.]

1. To feel envy at or towards; to be envious of; to have a feeling of uneasiness or mortification in regard to (any one), arising from the sight of another's excellence or good fortune and a longing to possess it. A woman does not envy a man for his fighting courage, nor a man a woman for her beauty. Collier. Whoever envies another confesses his superiority. Rambler.

2. To feel envy on account of; to have a feeling of grief or repining, with a longing to possess (some excellence or good fortune of another, or an equal good fortune, etc.); to look with grudging upon; to begrudge. I have seen thee fight, When I have envied thy behavior. Shak. Jeffrey . . . had actually envied his friends their cool mountain breezes. Froude.

3. To long after; to desire strongly; to covet. Or climb his knee the envied kiss to share. T. Gray.

4. To do harm to; to injure; to disparage. [Obs.] If I make a lie To gain your love and envy my best mistress, Put me against a wall. J. Fletcher.

5. To hate. [Obs.] Marlowe.

6. To emulate. [Obs.] Spenser.

ENVY En"vy, v. i.

1. To be filled with envious feelings; to regard anything with grudging and longing eyes; -- used especially with at. Who would envy at the prosperity of the wicked Jer. Taylor.

2. To show malice or ill will; to rail. [Obs.] "He has . . . envied against the people." Shak.

ENVYNED En*vyned", a. Etym: [OF. enviner to store with wine; pref. en- (L. in) + vin wine. See Vine.]

Defn: Stored or furnished with wine. [Obs.] Chaucer.

ENWALL En*wall", v. t.

Defn: See Inwall. Sir P. Sidney.

ENWALLOW En*wal"low, v. t.

Defn: To plunge into, or roll in, flith; to wallow. So now all three one senseless lump remain, Enwallowed in his own black bloody gore. Spenser.

ENWHEEL En*wheel", v. t.

Defn: To encircle. Shak.

ENWIDEN En*wid"en, v. t.

Defn: To widen. [Obs.]

ENWIND En*wind", v. t.

Defn: To wind about; to encircle. In the circle of his arms Enwound us both. Tennyson.

ENWOMAN En*wom"an, v. t.

Defn: To endow with the qualities of a woman. [R.] Daniel.

ENWOMB En*womb", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Enwombed; p. pr. & vb. n. Enwombing.]

1. To conceive in the womb. [Obs.] Spenser.

2. To bury, as it were in a womb; to hide, as in a gulf, pit, or cavern. Donne.

ENWRAP En*wrap", v. t.

Defn: To envelop. See Inwrap.

ENWRAPMENT En*wrap"ment, n.

Defn: Act of enwrapping; a wrapping or an envelope. Shuckford.

ENWREATHE En*wreathe", v. t.

Defn: See Inwreathe. Shelton.

ENZOOTIC; ENZOOETIC En`zo*öt"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. enzoötique.]

Defn: Afflicting animals; -- used of a disease affecting the animals of a district. It corresponds to an endemic disease among men.

ENZYME En"zyme, n. Etym: [Pref. en- (Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: An unorganized or unformed ferment, in distinction from an organized or living ferment; a soluble, or chemical, ferment. Ptyalin, pepsin, diastase, and rennet are good examples of enzymes.

EOCENE E"o*cene, a. Etym: [Gr. (Geol.)

Defn: Pertaining to the first in time of the three subdivisions into which the Tertiary formation is divided by geologists, and alluding to the approximation in its life to that of the present era; as, Eocene deposits. -- n.

Defn: The Eocene formation. Lyell.

EOLIAN E*o"li*an, a. Etym: [See Æolian.]

1. Æolian.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Formed, or deposited, by the action of wind, as dunes. Eolian attachment, Eolian harp. See Æolian.

EOLIC E*ol"ic, a. & n.

Defn: See Æolic.

EOLIPILE E*ol"i*pile, n. Etym: [Cf. F. éolipyle.]

Defn: Same as Æolipile.

EOLIS E"o*lis, n. Etym: [L. Aeolis a daughter of Æolus, Gr. A'ioli`s.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of nudibranch mollusks having clusters of branchial papillæ along the back. See Ceratobranchia. [Written also Æolis.]

EON; AEON E"on, Æ"on, n. Etym: [L. aeon, fr. Gr. a'iwn space or period of time, lifetime, age; akin to L. aevum. See Age.]

1. An immeasurable or infinite space of time; eternity; a long space of time; an age. The eons of geological time. Huxley.

2. (Gnostic Philos.)

Defn: One of the embodiments of the divine attributes of the Eternal Being. Among the higher Æons are Mind, Reason, Power, Truth, and Life. Am. Cyc.

Note: Eons were considered to be emanations sent forth by God from the depths of His grand solitude to fulfill various functions in the material and spiritual universe.

EOPHYTE E"o*phyte, n. Etym: [Gr. (Paleon.)

Defn: A fossil plant which is found in the lowest beds of the Silurian age.

EOPHYTIC E`o*phyt"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to eophytes.

EOS E"os, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. 'Hw`s.] (Gr. Myth.)

Defn: Aurora, the goddess of morn.

EOSAURUS E`o*sau"rus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. 'hw`s dawn + say^ros lizard.] (Paleon.)

Defn: An extinct marine reptile from the coal measures of Nova Scotia; -- so named because supposed to be of the earliest known reptiles.

EOSIN E"o*sin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow or brownish red dyestuff obtained by the action of bromine on fluoresceïn, and named from the fine rose-red which it imparts to silk. It is also used for making a fine red ink. Its solution is fluorescent.

EOSPHORITE E*os"pho*rite, n. Etym: [From Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous phosphate of alumina and manganese. It is generally of a rose-pink color, -- whence the name.

EOZOIC E`o*zo"ic, a. Etym: [See Eozoön.] (Geol.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to rocks or strata older than the Paleozoic, in many of which the eozoön has been found.

Note: This term has been proposed for the strata formerly called Azoic, and is preferred especially by those geologists who regard the eozoön as of organic origin. See Archæan.

EOZOON; EOZOOEN E`o*zo"ön, n.; pl. Eozoöns, L. Eozoa. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. 'hw`s dawn + zw^,on an animal.] (Paleon.)

Defn: A peculiar structure found in the Archæan limestones of Canada and other regions. By some geologists it is believed to be a species of gigantic Foraminifera, but others consider it a concretion, without organic structure.

EOZOONAL; EOZOOENAL E`o*zo"ön*al, a. (Paleon.)

Defn: Pertaining to the eozoön; containing eozoöns; as, eozoönal limestone.

EP- Ep-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: See Epi-.

EPACRIS Ep"a*cris, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of shrubs, natives of Australia, New Zealand, etc., having pretty white, red, or purple blossoms, and much resembling heaths.

EPACT E"pact, n. Etym: [F. épacte, fr. Gr. Epi-, and Act.] (Chron.)

Defn: The moon's age at the beginning of the calendar year, or the number of days by which the last new moon has preceded the beginning of the year. Annual epact, the excess of the solar year over the lunar year, -- being eleven days. -- Menstrual epact, or Monthly epact, the excess of a calendar month over a lunar.

EPAGOGE Ep`a*go"ge, n. Etym: [L., from Gr. Epact.] (Logic)

Defn: The adducing of particular examples so as to lead to a universal conclusion; the argument by induction.

EPAGOGIC Ep`a*gog"ic, a.

Defn: Inductive. Latham.

EPALATE E*pal"ate, a. Etym: [Pref. e- + palpus.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Without palpi.

EPANADIPLOSIS Ep*an`a*di*plo"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which the same word is used both at the beginning and at the end of a sentence; as, "Rejoice in the Lord always: and again I say, Rejoice." Phil. iv. 4.

EPANALEPSIS Ep*an`a*lep"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which the same word or clause is repeated after intervening matter. Gibbs.

EPANAPHORA Ep`a*naph"o*ra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: Same as Anaphora. Gibbs.

EPANASTROPHE Ep`a*nas"tro*phe, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: Same as Anadiplosis. Gibbs.

EPANODOS E*pan"o*dos, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure of speech in which the parts of a sentence or clause are repeated in inverse order, as in the following: -- O more exceeding love, or law more just Just law, indeed, but more exceeding love! Milton.

EPANODY E*pan"o*dy, n. Etym: [See Epanodos.] (Bot.)

Defn: The abnormal change of an irregular flower to a regular form; - - considered by evolutionists to be a reversion to an ancestral condition.

EPANORTHOSIS Ep`an*or*tho"sis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: A figure by which a speaker recalls a word or words, in order to substitute something else stronger or more significant; as, Most brave! Brave, did I say most heroic act!

EPANTHOUS Ep*an"thous, a. Etym: [Pref. ep- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Growing upon flowers; -- said of certain species of fungi.

EPARCH Ep"arch, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: In ancient Greece, the governor or perfect of a province; in modern Greece, the ruler of an eparchy.

EPARCHY Ep"arch*y, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A province, prefecture, or territory, under the jurisdiction of an eparch or governor; esp., in modern Greece, one of the larger subdivisions of a monarchy or province of the kingdom; in Russia, a diocese or archdiocese.

EPARTERIAL Ep`ar*te"ri*al, a. Etym: [Pref. ep- + arterial.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated upon or above an artery; -- applied esp. to the branches of the bronchi given off above the point where the pulmonary artery crosses the bronchus.

EPAULE E*paule", n. Etym: [F. épaule shoulder, shoulder of a bastion. See Epaulet, and cf. Spall the shoulder.] (Fort.)

Defn: The shoulder of a bastion, or the place where its face and flank meet and form the angle, called the angle of the shoulder.

EPAULEMENT E*paule"ment, n. Etym: [F. épaulement.] (Fort.)

Defn: A side work, made of gabions, fascines, or bags, filled with earth, or of earth heaped up, to afford cover from the flanking fire of an enemy.

EPAULET; EPAULETTE Ep"au*let`, Ep"au*lette`, n. Etym: [F. épaulette, dim. of épaule shoulder, fr. L. spatula a broad piece (LL., shoulder), dim. of spatha abroad, flat instrument, fr. Gr. Spade the instrument, and cf. Epaule, Spatula.] (Mil.)

Defn: A shoulder ornament or badge worn by military and naval officers, differences of rank being marked by some peculiar form or device, as a star, eagle, etc.; a shoulder knot.

Note: In the United States service the epaulet is reserved for full dress uniform. Its use was abolished in the British army in 1855.

EPAULETED; EPAULETTED Ep"au*let`ed, Ep"au*let`ted, a.

Defn: Wearing epaulets; decorated with epaulets.

EPAXIAL Ep*ax"i*al, a. Etym: [Pref. ep- + axial.] (Anat.)

Defn: Above, or on the dorsal side of, the axis of the skeleton; episkeletal.

EPEIRA E*pei"ra, n. Etym: [NL.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of spiders, including the common garden spider (E. diadema). They spin geometrical webs. See Garden spider.

EPEN Ep"en, n. (Anat.)

Defn: See Epencephalon.

EPENCEPHALIC Ep`en*ce*phal"ic, a. (Anat.) (a) Pertaining to the epencephalon. (b) Situated on or over the brain.

EPENCEPHALON Ep`en*ceph"a*lon, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The segment of the brain next behind the midbrain, including the cerebellum and pons; the hindbrain. Sometimes abbreviated to epen.

EPENDYMA Ep*en"dy*ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The epithelial lining of the ventricles of the brain and the canal of the spinal cord; endyma; ependymis.

EPENDYMIS Ep*en"dy*mis, n. Etym: [NL.]

Defn: See Ependyma.

EPENETIC Ep`e*net"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Bestowing praise; eulogistic; laudatory. [Obs.] E. Phillips.

EPENTHESIS E*pen"the*sis, n.; pl. Epentheses. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gram.)

Defn: The insertion of a letter or a sound in the body of a word; as, the b in "nimble" from AS. nemol.

EPENTHETIC Ep`en*thet"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. épenthétique.] (Gram.)

Defn: Inserted in the body of a word; as, an epenthetic letter or sound.

EPERGNE É`pergne", n. Etym: [F. épargne a sparing or saving; a treasury. "Our épergne is a little treasury of sweetmeats, fruits, and flowers." Brewer.]

Defn: A centerpiece for table decoration, usually consisting of several dishes or receptacles of different sizes grouped together in an ornamental design.

EPERLAN É`per`lan", n. Etym: [F. éperlan, fr. G. spierling. See Sparling.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).

EPEXEGESIS Ep*ex`e*ge"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Exegesis.]

Defn: A full or additional explanation; exegesis.

EPEXEGETICAL Ep*ex`e*get"ic*al, a.

Defn: Relating to epexegesis; explanatory; exegetical.

EPHAH; EPHA E"phah, or E"pha, n. Etym: [Heb.

Defn: A Hebrew dry measure, supposed to be equal to two pecks and five quarts. ten ephahs make one homer.

EPHEMERA E*phem"e*ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: A fever of one day's continuance only.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of insects including the day flies, or ephemeral flies. See Ephemeral fly, under Ephemeral.

EPHEMERAL E*phem"er*al, a.

1. Beginning and ending in a day; existing only, or no longer than, a day; diurnal; as, an ephemeral flower.

2. Short-lived; existing or continuing for a short time only. "Ephemeral popularity." V. Knox. Sentences not of ephemeral, but of eternal, efficacy. Sir J. Stephen. Ephemeral fly (Zoöl.), one of a group of neuropterous insects, belonging to the genus Ephemera and many allied genera, which live in the adult or winged state only for a short time. The larvæ are aquatic; -- called also day fly and May fly.

EPHEMERAL E*phem"er*al, n.

Defn: Anything lasting but a day, or a brief time; an ephemeral plant, insect, etc.

EPHEMERAN E*phem"er*an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the ephemeral flies.

EPHEMERIC E*phem"e*ric, a.

Defn: Ephemeral.

EPHEMERIS E*phem"e*ris, n.; pl. Ephemerides. Etym: [L., a diary, Gr. Ephemera.]

1. A diary; a journal. Johnson.

2. (Anat.) (a) A publication giving the computed places of the heavenly bodies for each day of the year, with other numerical data, for the use of the astronomer and navigator; an astronomical almanac; as, the "American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac." (b) Any tabular statement of the assigned places of a heavenly body, as a planet or comet, on several successive days.

3. (Literature)

Defn: A collective name for reviews, magazines, and all kinds of periodical literature. Brande & C.

EPHEMERIST E*phem"er*ist, n.

1. One who studies the daily motions and positions of the planets. Howell.

2. One who keeps an ephemeris; a journalist.

EPHEMERON E*phem"e*ron, n.; pl. Ephemera. Etym: [NL. See Ephemera.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the ephemeral flies.

EPHEMEROUS E*phem"er*ous, a.

Defn: Ephemeral. [R.] Burke.

EPHESIAN E*phe"sian, a. Etym: [L. Ephesius: cf. F. éphésien.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to Ephesus, an ancient city of Ionia, in Asia Minor.

EPHESIAN E*phe"sian, n.

1. A native of Ephesus.

2. A jolly companion; a roisterer. [Obs.] Shak.

EPHIALTES Eph`i*al"tes, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: The nightmare. Brande & C.

EPHIPPIAL E*phip"pi*al, a.

Defn: Saddle-shaped; occupying an ephippium. Dana.

EPHIPPIUM E*phip"pi*um, n. Etym: [L., saddle cloth, fr. Gr.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: A depression in the sphenoid bone; the pituitary fossa.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A saddle-shaped cavity to contain the winter eggs, situated on the back of Cladocera.

EPHOD Eph"od, n. Etym: [Heb. aphad to put on.] (Jew. Antiq.)

Defn: A part of the sacerdotal habit among Jews, being a covering for the back and breast, held together on the shoulders by two clasps or brooches of onyx stones set in gold, and fastened by a girdle of the same stuff as the ephod. The ephod for the priests was of plain linen; that for the high priest was richly embroidered in colors. The breastplate of the high priest was worn upon the ephod in front. Exodus xxviii. 6-12.

EPHOR Eph"or, n.; pl. Ephors, L. Ephori. Etym: [L. ephorus, Gr. éphore.] (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A magistrate; one of a body of five magistrates chosen by the people of ancient Sparta. They exercised control even over the king.

EPHORAL Eph"or*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an ephor.

EPHORALTY Eph"or*al*ty, n.

Defn: The office of an ephor, or the body of ephors.

EPHRAIM E"phra*im, n. Etym: [The proper name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A hunter's name for the grizzly bear.

EPHYRA Eph"y*ra, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A stage in the development of discophorous medusæ, when they first begin to swim about after being detached from the strobila. See Strobila.

EPI- Ep"i-. Etym: [Gr. api besides, and prob. to L. ob to, before, on account of, and perh. to E. of, off.]

Defn: A prefix, meaning upon, beside, among, on the outside, above, over. It becomes ep- before a vowel, as in epoch, and eph- before a Greek aspirate, as in ephemeral.

EPIBLAST Ep"i*blast, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + -blast.] (Biol.)

Defn: The outer layer of the blastoderm; the ectoderm. See Blastoderm, Delamination.

EPIBLASTIC Ep`i*blas"tic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Of or relating to, or consisting of, the epiblast.

EPIBLEMA Ep`i*ble"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The epidermal cells of rootlets, specially adapted to absorb liquids. Goodale.

EPIBOLIC Ep`i*bol"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Growing or covering over; -- said of a kind of invagination. See under Invagination.

EPIBOLY E*pib"o*ly, n. Etym: [Cf. Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Epibolic invagination. See under Invagination.

EPIBRANCHIAL Ep`i*bran"chi*al, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + branchial.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the segment between the ceratobranchial and pharyngobranchial in a branchial arch. -- n.

Defn: An epibranchial cartilage or bone.

EPIC Ep"ic, a. Etym: [L. epicus, Gr. vox voice: cf. F. épique. See Voice.]

Defn: Narrated in a grand style; pertaining to or designating a kind of narrative poem, usually called an heroic poem, in which real or fictitious events, usually the achievements of some hero, are narrated in an elevated style. The epic poem treats of one great, complex action, in a grand style and with fullness of detail. T. Arnold.

EPIC Ep"ic, n.

Defn: An epic or heroic poem. See Epic, a.

EPICAL Ep"ic*al (, a.

Defn: Epic. -- Ep"ic*al*ly, adv. Poems which have an epical character. Brande & C. His [Wordsworth's] longer poems (miscalled epical). Lowell.

EPICARDIAC Ep`i*car"di*ac, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Of or relating to the epicardium.

EPICARDIUM Ep`i*car"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: That of the pericardium which forms the outer surface of the heart; the cardiac pericardium.

EPICARICAN Ep`i*car"i*can, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An isopod crustacean, parasitic on shrimps.

EPICARP Ep"i*carp, Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The external or outermost layer of a fructified or ripened ovary. See Illust. under Endocarp.

EPICEDE Ep"i*cede, n. Etym: [L. epicedion, Gr. épicède.]

Defn: A funeral song or discourse; an elegy. [R.] Donne.

EPICEDIAL Ep`i*ce"di*al, a.

Defn: Elegiac; funereal.

EPICEDIAN Ep`i*ce"di*an, a.

Defn: Epicedial. -- n.

Defn: An epicede.

EPICEDIUM Ep`i*ce"di*um, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: An epicede.

EPICENE Ep"i*cene, a. & n. Etym: [L. epicoenus, Gr. épicène.]

1. Common to both sexes; -- a term applied, in grammar, to such nouns as have but one form of gender, either the masculine or feminine, to indicate animals of both sexes; as bos, for the ox and cow; sometimes applied to eunuchs and hermaphrodites.

2. Fig.: Sexless; neither one thing nor the other. The literary prigs epicene. Prof. Wilson. He represented an epicene species, neither churchman nor layman. J. A. Symonds.

EPICENTRAL Ep`i*cen"tral, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + centrum.] (Anat.)

Defn: Arising from the centrum of a vertebra. Owen.

EPICERASTIC Ep`i*ce*ras"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. épicérastique.] (Med.)

Defn: Lenient; assuaging. [Obs.]

EPICHIREMA Ep`i*chi*re"ma, n.; pl. Epichiremata. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet. & Logic)

Defn: A syllogism in which the proof of the major or minor premise, or both, is introduced with the premises themselves, and the conclusion is derived in the ordinary manner. [Written also epicheirema.]

EPICHORDAL Ep`i*chor"dal, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + chordal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Upon or above the notochord; -- applied esp. to a vertebral column which develops upon the dorsal side of the notochord, as distinguished from a perichordal column, which develops around it.

EPICHORIAL Ep`i*cho"ri*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: In or of the country. [R.] Epichorial superstitions from every district of Europe. De Quincey.

EPICLEIDIUM Ep`i*clei"di*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A projection, formed by a separate ossification, at the scapular end of the clavicle of many birds.

EPICLINAL Ep`i*cli"nal, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Situated on the receptacle or disk of a flower.

EPICOELE; EPICELE Ep"i*coele, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: A cavity formed by the invagination of the outer wall of the body, as the atrium of an amphioxus and possibly the body cavity of vertebrates.

EPICOENE Ep"i*coene, a.

Defn: Epicene. [R.] Hadley.

EPICOLIC Ep`i*col"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Situated upon or over the colon; -- applied to the region of the abdomen adjacent to the colon.

EPICONDYLAR Ep`i*con"dy*lar, n. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, an epicondyle.

EPICONDYLE Ep`i*con"dyle, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + condyle.] (Anat.)

Defn: A projection on the inner side of the distal end of the numerus; the internal condyle.

EPICORACOID Ep`i*cor"a*coid, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + coracoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: A ventral cartilaginous or bony element of the coracoid in the shoulder girdle of some vertebrates.

EPICRANIAL Ep`i*cra"ni*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the epicranium; as epicranial muscles.

EPICRANIUM Ep`i*cra"ni*um, n. Etym: [NL. See Epi-, and Cranium.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The upper and superficial part of the head, including the scalp, muscles, etc.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The dorsal wall of the head of insects.

EPICTETAIN; EPICTETIAN Ep`ic*te"tain, Ep`ic*te"tian, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to Epictetus, the Roman Stoic philosopher, whose conception of life was to be passionless under whatever circumstances.

EPICURE Ep"i*cure, n. Etym: [L. Epicurus, Gr.

1. A follower of Epicurus; an Epicurean. [Obs.] Bacon.

2. One devoted to dainty or luxurious sensual enjoyments, esp. to the luxuries of the table.

Syn. -- Voluptuary; sensualist.

EPICUREAN Ep`i*cu*re"an, a. Etym: [L. Epicureus, Gr. épicurien.]

1. Pertaining to Epicurus, or following his philosophy. "The sect Epicurean." Milton.

2. Given to luxury; adapted to luxurious tastes; luxurious; pertaining to good eating. Courses of the most refined and epicurean dishes. Prescott. Epicurean philosophy. See Atomic philosophy, under Atomic.

EPICUREAN Ep`i*cu*re"an, n.

1. A follower or Epicurus.

2. One given to epicurean indulgence.

EPICUREANISM Ep`i*cu*re"an*ism, n.

Defn: Attachment to the doctrines of Epicurus; the principles or belief of Epicurus.

EPICURELY Ep"i*cure`ly, adv.

Defn: Luxuriously. Nash.

EPICUREOUS Ep`i*cu*re"ous, a.

Defn: Epicurean. [Obs.]

EPICURISM Ep"i*cu*rism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. épicurisme.]

1. The doctrines of Epicurus.

2. Epicurean habits of living; luxury.

EPICURIZE Ep"i*cu*rize, v. i.

1. To profess or tend towards the doctrines of Epicurus. Cudworth.

2. To feed or indulge like an epicure. Fuller.

EPICYCLE Ep"i*cy`cle, n. Etym: [L. epicyclus, Gr. Cycle.]

1. (Ptolemaic Astron.)

Defn: A circle, whose center moves round in the circumference of a greater circle; or a small circle, whose center, being fixed in the deferent of a planet, is carried along with the deferent, and yet, by its own peculiar motion, carries the body of the planet fastened to it round its proper center. The schoolmen were like astronomers which did feign eccentries, and epicycles, and such engines of orbs. Bacon.

2. (Mech.)

Defn: A circle which rolls on the circumference of another circle, either externally or internally.

EPICYCLIC Ep`i*cyc"lic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, resembling, or having the motion of, an epicycle. Epicyclic train (Mach.), a train of mechanism in which epicyclic motion is involved; esp., a train of spur wheels, bevel wheels, or belt pulleys, in which an arm, carrying one or more of the wheels, sweeps around a center lying in an axis common to the other wheels.

EPICYCLOID Ep`i*cy"cloid, n. Etym: [Epicycle + -oid: cf. F. épicycloïde.] (Geom.)

Defn: A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls on the convex side of a fixed circle.

Note: Any point rigidly connected with the rolling circle, but not in its circumference, traces a curve called an epitrochoid. The curve traced by a point in the circumference of the rolling circle when it rolls on the concave side of a fixed circle is called a hypocycloid; the curve traced by a point rigidly connected with the rolling circle in this case, but not its circumference, is called a hypotrochoid. All the curves mentioned above belong to the class class called roulettes or trochoids. See Trochoid.

EPICYCLOIDAL Ep`i*cy*cloid"al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the epicycloid, or having its properties. Epicycloidal wheel, a device for producing straight-line motion from circular motion, on the principle that a pin fastened in the periphery of a gear wheel will describe a straight line when the wheel rolls around inside a fixed internal gear of twice its diameter.

EPIDEICTIC Ep`i*deic"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. Epidictic.]

Defn: Serving to show forth, explain, or exhibit; -- applied by the Greeks to a kind of oratory, which, by full amplification, seeks to persuade.

EPIDEMIC; EPIDEMICAL Ep`i*dem"ic, Ep`i*dem"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. epidemus, Gr. épidémique. Cf. Demagogue.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: Common to, or affecting at the same time, a large number in a community; -- applied to a disease which, spreading widely, attacks many persons at the same time; as, an epidemic disease; an epidemic catarrh, fever, etc. See Endemic.

2. Spreading widely, or generally prevailing; affecting great numbers, as an epidemic does; as, epidemic rage; an epidemic evil. It was the epidemical sin of the nation. Bp. Burnet.

EPIDEMIC Ep`i*dem"ic, n. Etym: [Cf. Epidemy.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: An epidemic disease.

2. Anything which takes possession of the minds of people as an epidemic does of their bodies; as, an epidemic of terror.

EPIDEMICALLY Ep`i*dem"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In an epidemic manner.

EPIDEMIOGRAPHY Ep`i*de`mi*og"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Epidemy + -graphy.] (Med.)

Defn: A treatise upon, or history of, epidemic diseases.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL Ep`i*de`mi*o*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Connected with, or pertaining to, epidemiology.

EPIDEMIOLOGIST Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gist, n.

Defn: A person skilled in epidemiology.

EPIDEMIOLOGY Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Epidemy + -logy.] (Med.)

Defn: That branch of science which treats of epidemics.

EPIDEMY Ep"i*dem`y, n. Etym: [Gr. épidémie. See Epidemic.] (Med.)

Defn: An epidemic disease. Dunglison.

EPIDERM Ep"i*derm, n. Etym: [Cf. F. épiderme. See Epidermis.] (Anat.)

Defn: The epidermis.

EPIDERMAL Ep`i*der"mal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the epidermis; epidermic; cuticular.

EPIDERMATIC Ep`i*der*mat"ic, a.

Defn: Epidermal. [R.]

EPIDERMATOID Ep`i*der"ma*toid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid. Cf. Epidermoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Epidermoid. Owen.

EPIDERMEOUS Ep`i*der"me*ous, a.

Defn: Epidermal. [R.]

EPIDERMIC Ep`i*der"mic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. épidermique.]

Defn: Epidermal; connected with the skin or the bark. Epidermic administration of medicine (Med.), the application of medicine to the skin by friction.

EPIDERMICAL Ep`i*der"mic*al, a.

Defn: Epidermal. [R.]

EPIDERMIDAL Ep`i*der"mi*dal, a.

Defn: Epidermal. [R.]

EPIDERMIS Ep`i*der"mis, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Tear, v. t.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: The outer, nonsensitive layer of the skin; cuticle; scarfskin. See Dermis.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The outermost layer of the cells, which covers both surfaces of leaves, and also the surface of stems, when they are first formed. As stems grow old this layer is lost, and never replaced.

EPIDERMOID Ep`i*der"moid, a. Etym: [Cf. F. épidermoïde.] (Anat.)

Defn: Like epidermis; pertaining to the epidermis.

EPIDERMOSE Ep`i*der"mose, n. Etym: [See Epidermis.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Keratin.

EPIDICTIC; EPIDICTICAL Ep`i*dic"tic, Ep`i*dic"tic*al, a. Etym: [L. epidictius. See Epideictic.]

Defn: Serving to explain; demonstrative.

EPIDIDYMIS Ep`i*did"y*mis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: An oblong vermiform mass on the dorsal side of the testicle, composed of numerous convolutions of the excretory duct of that organ. -- Ep`i*did"y*mal, a.

EPIDIDYMITIS Ep`i*did`y*mi"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Epididymis, and -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: Inflammation of the epididymis, one of the common results of gonorrhea.

EPIDOTE Ep"i*dote, n. Etym: [Gr. épidote. So named from the enlargement of the base of the primary, in some of the secondary forms.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral, commonly of a yellowish green (pistachio) color, occurring granular, massive, columnar, and in monoclinic crystals. It is a silicate of alumina, lime, and oxide of iron, or manganese.

Note: The Epidote group includes ordinary epidote, zoisite or lime epidote, piedmontite or manganese epidote, allanite or serium epidote.

EPIDOTIC Ep`i*dot"ic,, a.

Defn: Related to, resembling, or containing epidote; as, an epidotic granite.

EPIGAEA Ep`i*gæ"a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: An American genus of plants, containing but a single species (E. repens), the trailing arbutus.

EPIGAEOUS Ep`i*gæ"ous, a. Etym: [Gr. Epigæa, and cf. Epigee.] (Bot.)

Defn: Growing on, or close to, the ground.

EPIGASTRIAL Ep`i*gas"tri*al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Epigastric.

EPIGASTRIC Ep`i*gas"tric, a. Etym: [Gr. épigastrique.]

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the epigastrium, or to the epigastric region.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Over the stomach; -- applied to two of the areas of the carapace of crabs. Epigastric region. (Anat.) (a) The whole upper part of the abdomen. (b) An arbitrary division of the abdomen above the umbilical and between the two hypochondriac regions.

EPIGASTRIUM Ep`i*gas"tri*um, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The upper part of the abdomen.

EPIGEAL Ep`i*ge"al, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Epigæous. [R.]

EPIGEE Ep"i*gee, n. Etym: [NL. epigeum, fr. Gr. Epigæa.]

Defn: See Perigee. [Obs.]

EPIGENE Ep"i*gene, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr.

1. (Crystallog.)

Defn: Foreign; unnatural; unusual; -- said of forms of crystals not natural to the substances in which they are found.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Formed originating on the surface of the earth; -- opposed to hypogene; as, epigene rocks.

EPIGENESIS Ep`i*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + genesis.] (Biol.)

Defn: The theory of generation which holds that the germ is created entirely new, not merely expanded, by the procreative power of the parents. It is opposed to the theory of evolution, also to syngenesis.

EPIGENESIST Ep`i*gen"e*sist, n. (Biol.)

Defn: One who believes in, or advocates the theory of, epigenesis.

EPIGENETIC Ep`i*ge*net"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the epigenesis; produced according to the theory of epigenesis.

EPIGEOUS Ep`i*ge"ous, a.

Defn: Same as Epigæous.

EPIGEUM Ep*i*ge"um, n. Etym: [NL. See Epigee.]

Defn: See Perigee. [Obs.]

EPIGLOTTIC Ep`i*glot"tic, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or connected with, the epiglottis.

EPIGLOTTIDEAN Ep`i*glot*tid"e*an, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Same as Epiglottic.

EPIGLOTTIS Ep`i*glot"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Glottis.] (Anat.)

Defn: A cartilaginous lidlike appendage which closes the glottis while food or drink is passing while food or drink is passing through the pharynx.

EPIGNATHOUS E*pig"na*thous, a. Etym: [Epi- + Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Hook-billed; having the upper mandible longer than the lower.

EPIGRAM Ep"i*gram, n. Etym: [L. epigramma, fr. Gr. épigramme. See Graphic.]

1. A short poem treating concisely and pointedly of a single thought or event. The modern epigram is so contrived as to surprise the reader with a witticism or ingenious turn of thought, and is often satirical in character. Dost thou think I care for a satire or an epigram Shak.

Note: Epigrams were originally inscription on tombs, statues, temples, triumphal arches, etc.

2. An effusion of wit; a bright thought tersely and sharply expressed, whether in verse or prose.

3. The style of the epigram. Antithesis, i. e., bilateral stroke, is the soul of epigram in its later and technical signification. B. Cracroft.

EPIGRAMMATIC; EPIGRAMMATICAL Ep`i*gram*mat"ic, Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al,Etym: [L. epigrammaticus: cf. F. épigrammatique.]

1. Writing epigrams; dealing in epigrams; as, an epigrammatical poet.

2. Suitable to epigrams; belonging to epigrams; like an epigram; pointed; piquant; as, epigrammatic style, wit, or sallies of fancy.

EPIGRAMMATICALLY Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In the way of epigram; in an epigrammatic style.

EPIGRAMMATIST Ep`i*gram"ma*tist, n. Etym: [L. epigrammatista: cf. F. épigrammatiste.]

Defn: One who composes epigrams, or makes use of them. The brisk epigrammatist showing off his own cleverness. Holmes.

EPIGRAMMATIZE Ep`i*gram"ma*tize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Epigrammatized; p. pr. & vb. n. Epigrammatizing.]

Defn: To represent by epigrams; to express by epigrams.

EPIGRAMMATIZER Ep`i*gram"ma*ti`zer, n.

Defn: One who writes in an affectedly pointed style. Epigrammatizers of our English prose style. Coleridge.

EPIGRAMMIST Ep"i*gram`mist, n.

Defn: An epigrammatist. Jer. Taylor.

EPIGRAPH Ep"i*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. épigraphe. See Epigram.]

1. Any inscription set upon a building; especially, one which has to do with the building itself, its founding or dedication.

2. (Literature)

Defn: A citation from some author, or a sentence framed for the purpose, placed at the beginning of a work or of its separate divisions; a motto.

EPIGRAPHIC; EPIGRAPHICAL Ep`i*graph"ic, Ep`i*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to epigraphs or to epigraphy; as, an epigraphic style; epigraphical works or studies.

EPIGRAPHICS Ep`i*graph"ics, n.

Defn: The science or study of epigraphs.

EPIGRAPHIST E*pig"ra*phist, n.

Defn: A student of, or one versed in, epigraphy.

EPIGRAPHY E*pig"ra*phy, n.

Defn: The science of inscriptions; the art of engraving inscriptions or of deciphering them.

EPIGYNOUS E*pig"y*nous, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. épigyne.] (Bot.)

Defn: Adnate to the surface of the ovary, so as to be apparently inserted upon the top of it; -- said of stamens, petals, sepals, and also of the disk.

EPIHYAL Ep`i*hy"al, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + the Greek letter (Anat.)

Defn: A segment next above the ceratohyal in the hyoidean arch.

EPILEPSY Ep"i*lep`sy, n. Etym: [L. epilepsia, Gr. épilepsie. Cf. Catalepsy.] (Med.)

Defn: The "falling sickness," so called because the patient falls suddenly to the ground; a disease characterized by paroxysms (or fits) occurring at interval and attended by sudden loss of consciousness, and convulsive motions of the muscles. Dunglison.

EPILEPTIC Ep`i*lep"tic, a. Etym: [L. epilepticus, Gr. épileptique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, affected with, or of the nature of, epilepsy.

EPILEPTIC Ep`i*lep"tic, n.

1. One affected with epilepsy.

2. A medicine for the cure of epilepsy.

EPILEPTICAL Ep`i*lep"tic*al, a.

Defn: Epileptic.

EPILEPTIFORM Ep`i*lep"ti*form, a.

Defn: Resembling epilepsy.

EPILEPTOGENOUS Ep`i*lep*tog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. -genous.] (Med.)

Defn: Producing epilepsy or epileptoid convulsions; -- applied to areas of the body or of the nervous system, stimulation of which produces convulsions.

EPILEPTOID Ep`i*lep"toid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Med.)

Defn: Resembling epilepsy; as, epileptoid convulsions.

EPILOGATION Ep`i*lo*ga"tion, n. Etym: [LL. epilogatio.]

Defn: A summing up in a brief account. [Obs.] Udall.

EPILOGIC; EPILOGICAL Ep`i*log"ic, Ep`i*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to an epilogue.

EPILOGISM E*pil"o*gism, n. Etym: [Gr. Epilogue.]

Defn: Enumeration; computation. [R.] J. Gregory.

EPILOGISTIC Ep`i*lo*gis"tic, a. Etym: [Cf. Gr. Epilogism.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to epilogue; of the nature of an epilogue. T. Warton.

EPILOGIZE E*pil"o*gize, v. i. & t. Etym: [See Epilogism.]

Defn: To speak an epilogue to; to utter as an epilogue.

EPILOGUE Ep"i*logue, n. Etym: [F. épilogue, L. epilogus, fr. Gr. Legend.]

1. (Drama)

Defn: A speech or short poem addressed to the spectators and recited by one of the actors, after the conclusion of the play. A good play no epilogue, yet . . . good plays prove the better by the help of good epilogues. Shak.

2. (Rhet.)

Defn: The closing part of a discourse, in which the principal matters are recapitulated; a conclusion.

EPILOGUIZE Ep"i*lo*guize, v. i. & t.

Defn: Same as Epilogize.

EPIMACHUS E*pim"a*chus, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of highly ornate and brilliantly colored birds of Australia, allied to the birds of Paradise.

EPIMERA E*pim"e*ra, n. pl.

Defn: See Epimeron.

EPIMERAL E*pim"e*ral, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the epimera.

EPIMERE Ep"i*mere, n. Etym: [Epi- + -mere.] (Biol.)

Defn: One of the segments of the transverse axis, or the so called homonymous parts; as, for example, one of the several segments of the extremities in vertebrates, or one of the similar segments in plants, such as the segments of a segmented leaf. Syd. Soc. Lex.

EPIMERON E*pim"e*ron, n.; pl. Epimera. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) In crustaceans: The part of the side of a somite external to the basal joint of each appendage. See Illust. under Crustacea. (b) In insects: The lateral piece behind the episternum. [Written also epimerum.]

EPINASTIC Ep`i*nas"tic, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: A term applied to that phase of vegetable growth in which an organ grows more rapidly on its upper than on its under surface. See Hyponastic.

EPINEURAL Ep`i*neu"ral, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + neural.] (Anat.)

Defn: Arising from the neurapophysis of a vertebra.

EPINEURIUM Ep`i*neu"ri*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The connective tissue framework and sheath of a nerve which bind together the nerve bundles, each of which has its own special sheath, or perineurium.

EPINGLETTE Ep`in*glette", n. Etym: [F.] (Mil.)

Defn: An iron needle for piercing the cartridge of a cannon before priming.

EPINICIAL Ep`i*ni"cial, a. Etym: [See Epinicion.]

Defn: Relating to victory. "An epinicial song." T. Warton.

EPINICION Ep`i*ni"cion, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. epinicium.]

Defn: A song of triumph. [Obs.] T. Warton.

EPINIKIAN Ep`i*nik"i*an, a.

Defn: Epinicial.

EPIORNIS Ep`i*or"nis, n. Etym: [NL.: cf. F. épiornis. See Æpyornis.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the gigantic ostrichlike birds of the genus Æpiornis, only recently extinct. Its remains have been found in Madagascar. [Written also Æpyornis.]

EPIOTIC Ep`i*o"tic, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The upper and outer element of periotic bone, -- in man forming a part of the temporal bone.

EPIPEDOMETRY Ep`i*pe*dom"e*try, n. Etym: [Gr. -metry.] (Geom.)

Defn: The mensuration of figures standing on the same base. [Obs.]

EPIPERIPHERAL Ep`i*pe*riph"er*al, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + peripheral.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Connected with, or having its origin upon, the external surface of the body; -- especially applied to the feelings which originate at the extremities of nerves distributed on the outer surface, as the sensation produced by touching an object with the finger; -- opposed to entoperipheral. H. Spenser.

EPIPETALOUS Ep`i*pet"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + petal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Borne on the petals or corolla.

EPIPHANY E*piph"a*ny, n. Etym: [F. épiphanie, L. epiphania, Gr. Fancy.]

1. An appearance, or a becoming manifest. Whom but just before they beheld transfigured and in a glorious epiphany upon the mount. Jer. Taylor. An epic poet, if ever such a difficult birth should make its epiphany in Paris. De Quincey.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: A church festival celebrated on the 6th of January, the twelfth day after Christmas, in commemoration of the visit of the Magi of the East to Bethlehem, to see and worship the child Jesus; or, as others maintain, to commemorate the appearance of the star to the Magi, symbolizing the manifestation of Christ to the Gentles; Twelfthtide.

EPIPHARYNGEAL Ep`i*phar`yn*ge"al, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + pharyngeal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the segments above the epibranchial in the branchial arches of fishes. -- n.

Defn: An epipharyngeal bone or cartilage.

EPIPHARYNX Ep`i*phar"ynx, n. Etym: [Epi- + pharynx.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A structure which overlaps the mouth of certain insects.

EPIPHONEMA Ep`i*pho*ne"ma, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: An exclamatory sentence, or striking reflection, which sums up or concludes a discourse.

EPIPHONEME E*piph"o*neme, n.

Defn: Epiphonema. [R.]

EPIPHORA E*piph"o*ra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Med.)

Defn: The watery eye; a disease in which the tears accumulate in the eye, and trickle over the cheek.

2. (Rhet.)

Defn: The emphatic repetition of a word or phrase, at the end of several sentences or stanzas.

EPIPHRAGM Ep"i*phragm, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A membranaceous or calcareous septum with which some mollusks close the aperture of the shell during the time of hibernation, or æstivation.

EPIPHYLLOSPERMOUS Ep`i*phyl`lo*sper"mous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Bearing fruit on the back of the leaves, as ferns. Harris (1710).

EPIPHYLLOUS Ep`i*phyl*lous, a. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: Growing upon, or inserted into, the leaf.

EPIPHYLLUM Ep`i*phyl"lum, n. Etym: [NL.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of cactaceous plants having flattened, jointed stems, and petals united in a tube. The flowers are very showy, and several species are in cultivation.

EPIPHYSEAL; EPIPHYSIAL Ep`i*phys"e*al, Ep`i*phys"i*al, (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an epiphysis.

EPIPHYSIS E*piph"y*sis, n.; pl. Epiphyses. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.) (a) The end, or other superficial part, of a bone, which ossifies separately from the central portion, or diaphysis. (b) The cerebral epiphysis, or pineal gland. See Pineal gland, under Pineal.

EPIPHYTAL E*piph"y*tal, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to an epiphyte.

EPIPHYTE Ep"i*phyte, n. Etym: [Gr. épiphyte.]

1. (Bot.)

Defn: An air plant which grows on other plants, but does not derive its nourishment from them. See Air plant.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A vegetable parasite growing on the surface of the body.

EPIPHYTIC; EPIPHYTICAL Ep`i*phyt"ic, Ep`i*phyt"ic*al, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an epiphyte. -- Ep`i*phyt"ic*al*ly, adv.

EPIPLASTRON Ep`i*plas"tron, n.; pl. Epiplastra. Etym: [Pref. epi- + plastron.] (Anat.)

Defn: One of the first pair of lateral plates in the plastron of turtles.

EPIPLEURAL Ep`i*pleu"ral, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + pleural.] (Anat.)

Defn: Arising from the pleurapophysis of a vertebra. Owen.

EPIPLEXIS Ep`i*plex"is, n. Etym: [L., reproof, fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which a person seeks to convince and move by an elegant kind of upbraiding.

EPIPLOCE E*pip"lo*ce, n. Etym: [L., connection, from Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which one striking circumstance is added, in due gradation, to another; climax; e. g., "He not only spared his enemies, but continued them in employment; not only continued, but advanced them." Johnson.

EPIPLOIC Ep`i*plo"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to the epiploön.

EPIPLOON; EPIPLOOEN E*pip"lo*ön, n.; pl. Epiploa. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See Omentum.

EPIPODIAL Ep`i*po"di*al, a.

1. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the epipodialia or the parts of the limbs to which they belong.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Pertaining to the epipodium of Mollusca.

EPIPODIALE Ep`i*po`di*a"le, n.; pl. Epipodialia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: One of the bones of either the forearm or shank, the epipodialia being the radius, ulna, tibia, and fibula.

EPIPODITE E*pip"o*dite, n. Etym: [See Epipodium.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The outer branch of the legs in certain Crustacea. See Maxilliped.

EPIPODIUM Ep`i*po"di*um, n.; pl. Epipodia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the lateral lobes of the foot in certain gastropods.

EPIPOLIC Ep`i*pol"ic, a. (Opt.)

Defn: Producing, or relating to, epipolism or fluorescence. [R.]

EPIPOLISM E*pip"o*lism, n. Etym: [Gr. (Opt.)

Defn: See Fluorescence. [R.] Sir J. Herschel.

EPIPOLIZED E*pip"o*lized, a.

Defn: Changed to the epipolic condition, or that in which the phenomenon of fluorescence is presented; produced by fluorescence; as, epipolized light. [R.] Stokes.

EPIPTERIC Ep`ip*ter"ic, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to a small Wormian bone sometimes present in the human skull between the parietal and the great wing of the sphenoid. -- n.

Defn: The epipteric bone.

EPIPTERYGOID Ep`ip*ter"y*goid, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + pterygoid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Situated upon or above the pterygoid bone. -- n.

Defn: An epipterygoid bone or cartilage; the columella in the skulls of many lizards.

EPIPUBIC Ep`i*pu"bic, a.

Defn: Relating to the epipubis.

EPIPUBIS Ep`i*pu"bis, n.; pl. Epipubes. Etym: [NL., epi- + pubis.] (Anat.)

Defn: A cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in some amphibians and other animals.

EPISCOPACY E*pis"co*pa*cy, n. Etym: [See Episcopate.]

Defn: Government of the church by bishops; church government by three distinct orders of ministers -- bishops, priests, and deacons -- of whom the bishops have an authority superior and of a different kind.

EPISCOPAL E*pis"co*pal, a. Etym: [L. episcopalis, fr. episcopus: cf. F. épiscopal. See Bishop.]

1. Governed by bishops; as, an episcopal church.

2. Belonging to, or vested in, bishops; as, episcopal jurisdiction or authority; the episcopal system.

EPISCOPALIAN E*pis`co*pa"li*an, a.

Defn: Pertaining to bishops, or government by bishops; episcopal; specifically, of or relating to the Protestant Episcopal Church.

EPISCOPALIAN E*pis`co*pa"li*an, n.

Defn: One who belongs to an episcopal church, or adheres to the episcopal form of church government and discipline; a churchman; specifically, in the United States, a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

EPISCOPALIANISM E*pis`co*pa"li*an*ism, n.

Defn: The doctrine and usages of Episcopalians; episcopacy.

EPISCOPALLY E*pis"co*pal*ly, adv.

Defn: By episcopal authority; in an episcopal manner.

EPISCOPANT E*pis"co*pant, n.

Defn: A bishop. [Obs.] Milton.

EPISCOPARIAN E*pis`co*pa"ri*an, a.

Defn: Episcopal. [R.] Wood.

EPISCOPATE E*pis"co*pate, n. Etym: [L. episcopatus, fr. episcopus: cf. F. épiscopat. See Bishop.]

1. A bishopric; the office and dignity of a bishop.

2. The collective body of bishops.

3. The time of a bishop's rule.

EPISCOPATE E*pis"co*pate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Episcopated; p. pr. & vb. n. Episcopating.]

Defn: To act as a bishop; to fill the office of a prelate. [Obs.] Feeding the flock episcopating. Milton.

EPISCOPICIDE E*pis"co*pi*cide, n. Etym: [L. episcopus bishop + caedere to kill.]

Defn: The killing of a bishop.

EPISCOPIZE E*pis"co*pize, v. t.

Defn: To make a bishop of by consecration. Southey.

EPISCOPIZE E*pis"co*pize, v. i.

Defn: To perform the duties of a bishop.

EPISCOPY E*pis"co*py, n. Etym: [Gr. Bishop.]

1. Survey; superintendence. [Obs.] Milton.

2. Episcopacy. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

EPISEPALOUS Ep`i*sep"al*ous, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + sepal.] (Bot.)

Defn: Growing on the sepals or adnate to them.

EPISKELETAL Ep`i*skel"e*tal, a. Etym: [Pref. epi- + skeleletal.] (Anat.)

Defn: Above or outside of the endoskeleton; epaxial.

EPISODAL Ep`i*so"dal, a.

Defn: Same as Episodic.

EPISODE Ep"i*sode, n. Etym: [Gr. sad to go: cf. F. épisode.] (Rhet.)

Defn: A separate incident, story, or action, introduced for the purpose of giving a greater variety to the events related; an incidental narrative, or digression, separable from the main subject, but naturally arising from it.

EPISODIAL Ep`i*so"di*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an episode; by way of episode; episodic.

EPISODIC; EPISODICAL Ep`i*so"dic, Ep`i*so"dic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. épisodique. See Episode.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to an episode; adventitious. -- Ep`i*so"dic*al*ly, adv. Such a figure as Jacob Brattle, purely episodical though it be, is an excellent English portrait. H. James.

EPISPADIAS Ep`i*spa"di*as, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A deformity in which the urethra opens upon the top of the penis, instead of at its extremity.

EPISPASTIC Ep"i*spas"tic, a. Etym: [Gr. épispastique.] (Med.)

Defn: Attracting the humors to the skin; exciting action in the skin; blistering.

EPISPASTIC Ep"i*spas"tic, n. (Med.)

Defn: An external application to the skin, which produces a puriform or serous discharge by exciting inflammation; a vesicatory.

EPISPERM Ep"i*sperm, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. épisperme.] (Bot.)

Defn: The skin or coat of a seed, especially the outer coat. See Testa.

EPISPERMIC Ep`i*sper"mic, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Pertaining, or belonging, to the episperm, or covering of a seed.

EPISPORE Ep"i*spore, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + spore.] (Bot.)

Defn: The thickish outer coat of certain spores.

EPISTAXIS Ep`i*stax"is, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Bleeding at the nose.

EPISTEMOLOGY E*pis`te*mol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The theory or science of the method or grounds of knowledge.

EPISTERNAL Ep`i*ster"nal, a. (Anat. & Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the episternum.

EPISTERNUM Ep`i*ster"num, n.; pl. Episterna. Etym: [NL. See Epi-, and Sternum.]

1. (Anat.) (a) A median bone connected with the sternum, in many vertebrates; the interclavicle. (b) Same as Epiplastron.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the lateral pieces next to the sternum in the thorax of insects.

EPISTILBITE Ep`i*stil"bite, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + stilbite.] (Min.)

Defn: A crystallized, transparent mineral of the Zeolite family. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.

EPISTLE E*pis"tle, n. Etym: [OE. epistle, epistel, AS. epistol, pistol, L. epistola, fr. Gr. epistle, epistre, F. épître. See Stall.]

1. A writing directed or sent to a person or persons; a written communication; a letter; -- applied usually to formal, didactic, or elegant letters. A madman's epistles are no gospels. Shak.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: One of the letters in the New Testament which were addressed to their Christian brethren by Apostles. Epistle side, the right side of an altar or church to a person looking from the nave toward the chancel. One sees the pulpit on the epistle side. R. Browning.

EPISTLE E*pis"tle, v. t.

Defn: To write; to communicate in a letter or by writing. [Obs.] Milton.

EPISTLER E*pis"tler, n.

1. A writer of epistles, or of an epistle of the New Testament. M. Arnold.

2. (Eccl.)

Defn: The ecclesiastic who reads the epistle at the communion service.

EPISTOLAR E*pis"to*lar, a.

Defn: Epistolary. Dr. H. More.

EPISTOLARY E*pis"to*la*ry, a. Etym: [L. epistolaris, fr. epistola: cf. F. épistolaire.]

1. Pertaining to epistles or letters; suitable to letters and correspondence; as, an epistolary style.

2. Contained in letters; carried on by letters. "Epistolary correspondence." Addison.

EPISTOLEAN Ep`is*to"le*an, n.

Defn: One who writes epistles; a correspondent. Mary Cowden Clarke.

EPISTOLER E*pis"to*ler, n. (Eccl.)

Defn: One of the clergy who reads the epistle at the communion service; an epistler.

EPISTOLET E*pis"to*let, n.

Defn: A little epistle. Lamb.

EPISTOLIC; EPISTOLICAL Ep`is*tol"ic, Ep`is*tol"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. epistolicus, Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to letters or epistles; in the form or style of letters; epistolary.

EPISTOLIZE E*pis"to*lize, v. i.

Defn: To write epistles.

EPISTOLIZER E*pis"to*li`zer, n.

Defn: A writer of epistles.

EPISTOLOGRAPHIC E*pis`to*lo*graph"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. épistolographique.]

Defn: Pertaining to the writing of letters; used in writing letters; epistolary. Epistolographic character or mode of writing, the same as Demotic character. See under Demotic.

EPISTOLOGRAPHY E*pis`to*log"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy: cf. F. épistolographie.]

Defn: The art or practice of writing epistles.

EPISTOMA; EPISTOME E*pis"to*ma, Ep"i*stome, n. Etym: [NL. epistoma, fr. Gr. (Zoöl.) (a) The region between the antennæ and the mouth, in Crustacea. (b) A liplike organ that covers the mouth, in most Bryozoa. See Illust., under Entoprocta.

EPISTROPHE E*pis"tro*phe, n. Etym: [L., from Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure in which successive clauses end with the same word or affirmation; e. g., "Are they Hebrews so am I. Are they Israelites so am I." 2 Cor. xi. 22.

EPISTYLE Ep"i*style, n. Etym: [L. epistylium, Gr. épistyle.] (Anc. Arch.)

Defn: A massive piece of stone or wood laid immediately on the abacus of the capital of a column or pillar; -- now called architrave.

EPISYLLOGISM Ep`i*syl"lo*gism, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + syllogism.] (Logic)

Defn: A syllogism which assumes as one of its premises a proposition which was the conclusion of a preceding syllogism, called, in relation to this, the prosyllogism.

EPITAPH Ep"i*taph, n. Etym: [F. épitaphe, L. epitaphium a funeral oration, fr. Gr. Cenotaph.]

1. An inscription on, or at, a tomb, or a grave, in memory or commendation of the one buried there; a sepulchral inscription. Hang her an epitaph upon her tomb. Shak.

2. A brief writing formed as if to be inscribed on a monument, as that concerning Alexander: "Sufficit huic tumulus, cui non sufficeret orbis."

EPITAPH Ep"i*taph, v. t.

Defn: To commemorate by an epitaph. [R.] Let me be epitaphed the inventor of English hexameters. G. Harvey.

EPITAPH Ep"i*taph, v. i.

Defn: To write or speak after the manner of an epitaph. [R.] The common in their speeches epitaph upon him . . . "He lived as a wolf and died as a dog." Bp. Hall.

EPITAPHER Ep"i*taph`er, n.

Defn: A writer of epitaphs. Nash.

EPITAPHIAL; EPITAPHIAN Ep`i*taph"i*al, Ep`i*taph"i*an, a.

Defn: Relating to, or of the nature of, an epitaph. The noble Pericles in his epitaphian speech. Milton. Epitaphial Latin verses are not to be taken too literally. Lowell.

EPITAPHIC Ep`i*taph"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to an epitaph; epitaphian. -- n.

Defn: An epitaph. Udall.

EPITAPHIST Ep"i*taph`ist, n.

Defn: An epitapher.

EPITASIS E*pit"a*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. That part which embraces the main action of a play, poem, and the like, and leads on to the catastrophe; -- opposed to protasis.

2. (Med.)

Defn: The period of violence in a fever or disease; paroxysm. Dunglison.

EPITHALAMIC Ep`i*tha*lam"ic, a.

Defn: Belonging to, or designed for, an epithalamium.

EPITHALAMIUM Ep`i*tha*la"mi*um, n.; pl. Epithalamiums, L. Epithalamia. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: A nuptial song, or poem in honor of the bride and bridegroom. The kind of poem which was called epithalamium . . . sung when the bride was led into her chamber. B. Jonson.

EPITHALAMY Ep`i*thal"a*my, n.; pl. Epithalamies (.

Defn: Epithalamium. [R.] Donne.

EPITHECA Ep`i*the"ca, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A continuous and, usually, structureless layer which covers more or less of the exterior of many corals.

EPITHELIAL Ep`i*the"li*al, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to epithelium; as, epithelial cells; epithelial cancer.

EPITHELIOID Ep`i*the"li*oid, a. Etym: [Epithelium + -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Like epithelium; as, epithelioid cells.

EPITHELIOMA Ep`i*the`li*o"ma, n. Etym: [NL. See Epithelium, and -oma.] (Med.)

Defn: A malignant growth containing epithelial cells; -- called also epithelial cancer.

EPITHELIUM Ep`i*the"li*um, n.; pl. E. Epitheliums, L. Epithelia. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The superficial layer of cells lining the alimentary canal and all its appendages, all glands and their ducts, blood vessels and lymphatics, serous cavities, etc. It often includes the epidermis (i. e., keratin-producing epithelial cells), and it is sometimes restricted to the alimentary canal, the glands and their appendages, -- the term endothelium being applied to the lining membrane of the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous cavities.

EPITHELOID Ep`i*the"loid, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Epithelioid.

EPITHEM Ep"i*them, n. Etym: [L. epithema, Gr. épithème. See Epithet.] (Med.)

Defn: Any external topical application to the body, except ointments and plasters, as a poultice, lotion, etc.

EPITHEMA Ep`i*the"ma, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A horny excrescence upon the beak of birds.

EPITHESIS E*pith"e*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

Defn: The addition of a letter at the end of a word, without changing its sense; as, numb for num, whilst for whiles.

EPITHET Ep"i*thet, n. Etym: [L. epitheton, Gr. épithète. See Do.]

1. An adjective expressing some quality, attribute, or relation, that is properly or specially appropriate to a person or thing; as, a just man; a verdant lawn. A prince [Henry III.] to whom the epithet "worthless" seems best applicable. Hallam.

2. Term; expression; phrase. "Stiffed with epithets of war." Shak.

Syn. -- Epithet, Title. The name epithet was formerly extended to nouns which give a title or describe character (as the "epithet of liar"), but is now confined wholly to adjectives. Some rhetoricians, as Whately, restrict it still further, considering the term epithet as belonging only to a limited class of adjectives, viz., those which add nothing to the sense of their noun, but simply hold forth some quality necessarily implied therein; as, the bright sun, the lofty heavens, etc. But this restriction does not prevail in general literature. Epithet is sometimes confounded with application, which is always a noun or its equivalent.

EPITHET Ep"i*thet, v. t.

Defn: To describe by an epithet. [R.] Never was a town better epitheted. Sir H. Wotton.

EPITHETIC; EPITHETICAL Ep`i*thet"ic, Ep`i*thet"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to, or abounding with, epithets. "In epithetic measured prose." Lloyd.

EPITHITE Ep"i*thite, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A lazy, worthless fellow; a vagrant. [Obs.] Mason.

EPITHUMETIC Ep`i*thu*met"ic, a.

Defn: Epithumetical. [Obs.]

EPITHUMETICAL Ep`i*thu*met"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to sexual desire; sensual. Sir T. Browne.

EPITITHIDES Ep`i*tith"i*des, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Epithet.] (Arch.)

Defn: The uppermost member of the cornice of an entablature.

EPITOMATOR E*pit"o*ma`tor, n. Etym: [LL.]

Defn: An epitomist. Sir W. Hamilton.

EPITOME E*pit"o*me, n.; pl. Epitomes. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. épitome. See Tome.]

1. A work in which the contents of a former work are reduced within a smaller space by curtailment and condensation; a brief summary; an abridgement. [An] epitome of the contents of a very large book. Sydney Smith.

2. A compact or condensed representation of anything. An epitome of English fashionable life. Carlyle. A man so various that he seemed to be Not one, but all mankind's epitome. Dryden.

Syn. -- Abridgement; compendium; compend; abstract; synopsis; abbreviature. See Abridgment.

EPITOMIST E*pit"o*mist, n.

Defn: One who makes an epitome; one who abridges; an epitomizer. Milton.

EPITOMIZE E*pit"o*mize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Epitomized; p. pr. & vb. n. Epitomizing.]

1. To make an epitome of; to shorten or abridge, as a writing or discourse; to reduce within a smaller space; as, to epitomize the works of Justin.

2. To diminish, as by cutting off something; to curtail; as, to epitomize words. [Obs.] Addison.

EPITOMIZER E*pit"o*mi`zer, n.

Defn: An epitomist. Burton.

EPITRITE Ep"i*trite, n. Etym: [Gr. i. e., , or in the ratio of 4 to 3); epitritos, F. épitrite.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.)

Defn: A foot consisting of three long syllables and one short syllable.

Note: It is so called from being compounded of a spondee (which contains 4 times) with an iambus or a trochee (which contains 3 times). It is called 1st, 2d, 3d, or 4th epitrite according as the short syllable stands 1st, 2d, etc.

EPITROCHLEA Ep`i*troch"le*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Epi-, and Trochlea.] (Anat.)

Defn: A projection on the outer side of the distal end of the humerus; the external condyle.

EPITROCHLEAR Ep`i*troch"le*ar, a.

Defn: Relating to the epitrochlea.

EPITROCHOID Ep`i*tro"choid, n. Etym: [Pref. epi- + Gr. -oid.] (Geom.)

Defn: A kind of curve. See Epicycloid, any Trochoid.

EPITROPE E*pit"ro*pe, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which permission is either seriously or ironically granted to some one, to do what he proposes to do; e. g., "He that is unjust, let him be unjust still."

EPIZEUXIS Ep`i*zeux"is, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Rhet.)

Defn: A figure by which a word is repeated with vehemence or emphasis, as in the following lines: - Alone, alone, all all alone, Alone on a wide wide sea. Coleridge.

EPIZOAN Ep`i*zo"an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An epizoön.

EPIZOAN Ep`i*zo"an, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An epizoön.

EPIZOIC Ep`i*zo"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Living upon the exterior of another animal; ectozoic; -- said of external parasites.

EPIZOIC Ep`i*zo"ic, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Living upon the exterior of another animal; ectozoic; -- said of external parasites.

EPIZOON; EPIZOOEN Ep`i*zo"ön, n.; pl. Epizoa. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the artificial group of invertebrates of various kinds, which live parasitically upon the exterior of other animals; an ectozoön. Among them are the lice, ticks, many acari, the lerneans, or fish lice, and other crustaceans.

EPIZOOTIC; EPIZOOETIC Ep`i*zo*öt"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. épizoötique.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an epizoön.

2. (Geol.)

Defn: Containing fossil remains; -- said of rocks, formations, mountains, and the like. [Obs.] Epizoötic mountains are of secondary formation. Kirwan.

3. Of the nature of a disease which attacks many animals at the same time; -- corresponding to epidemic diseases among men.

EPIZOOTY; EPIZOOETY; EPIZOOTIC; EPIZOOETIC Ep`i*zo"ö*ty, Ep`i*zo*öt"ic, n. Etym: [F. épizoötie.]

Defn: An epizoötic disease; a murrain; an epidemic influenza among horses.

EPOCH Ep"och, n. Etym: [LL. epocha, Gr. sah to overpower, Goth. sigis victory, AS. sigor, sige, G. sieg: cf. F. époque. See Scheme.]

1. A fixed point of time, established in history by the occurrence of some grand or remarkable event; a point of time marked by an event of great subsequent influence; as, the epoch of the creation; the birth of Christ was the epoch which gave rise to the Christian era. In divers ages, . . . divers epochs of time were used. Usher. Great epochs and crises in the kingdom of God. Trench. The acquittal of the bishops was not the only event which makes the 30th of June, 1688, a great epoch in history. Macaulay.

Note: Epochs mark the beginning of new historical periods, and dates are often numbered from them.

2. A period of time, longer or shorter, remarkable for events of great subsequent influence; a memorable period; as, the epoch of maritime discovery, or of the Reformation. "So vast an epoch of time." F. Harrison. The influence of Chaucer continued to live even during the dreary interval which separates from one another two important epochs of our literary history. A. W. Ward.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: A division of time characterized by the prevalence of similar conditions of the earth; commonly a minor division or part of a period. The long geological epoch which stored up the vast coal measures. J. C. Shairp.

4. (Astron.) (a) The date at which a planet or comet has a longitude or position. (b) An arbitrary fixed date, for which the elements used in computing the place of a planet, or other heavenly body, at any other date, are given; as, the epoch of Mars; lunar elements for the epoch March 1st, 1860.

Syn. -- Era; time; date; period; age. -- Epoch, Era. We speak of the era of the Reformation, when we think of it as a period, during which a new order of things prevailed; so also, the era of good feeling, etc. Had we been thinking of the time as marked by certain great events, or as a period in which great results were effected, we should have called the times when these events happened epochs, and the whole period an epoch. The capture of Constantinople is an epoch in the history of Mahometanism; but the flight of Mahomet is its era. C. J. Smith.

EPOCHA Ep"o*cha, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Epoch. J. Adams.

EPOCHAL Ep"o*chal, a.

Defn: Belonging to an epoch; of the nature of an epoch. "Epochal points." Shedd.

EPODE Ep"ode, n. Etym: [L. epodos, Gr. épode. See Ode.] (Poet.) (a) The after song; the part of a lyric ode which follows the strophe and antistrophe, -- the ancient ode being divided into strophe, antistrophe, and epode. (b) A species of lyric poem, invented by Archilochus, in which a longer verse is followed by a shorter one; as, the Epodes of Horace. It does not include the elegiac distich.

EPODIC E*pod"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, an epode.

EPONYM; EPONYME Ep"o*nym, Ep"o*nyme, n. Etym: [Cf. F. éponyme. See Eponymous.]

1. The hypothetical individual who is assumed as the person from whom any race, city, etc., took its name; as, Hellen is an eponym of the Hellenes.

2. A name, as of a people, country, and the like, derived from that of an individual.

EPONYMIC Ep`o*nym"ic, a.

Defn: Same as Eponymous. Tablets . . . which bear eponymic dates. I. Taylor (The Alphabet).

EPONYMIST E*pon"y*mist, n.

Defn: One from whom a race, tribe, city, or the like, took its name; an eponym.

EPONYMOUS E*pon"y*mous, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Relating to an eponym; giving one's name to a tribe, people, country, and the like. What becomes . . . of the Herakleid genealogy of the Spartan kings, when it is admitted that eponymous persons are to be canceled as fictions Grote.

EPONYMY E*pon"y*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The derivation of the name of a race, tribe, etc., from that of a fabulous hero, progenitor, etc.

EPOOPHORON; EPOOEPHORON Ep`o*öph"o*ron, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: See Parovarium.

EPOPEE; EPOPOEIA Ep"o*pee`, Ep`o*poe"ia, n. Etym: [F. épopée, Gr. Epos.]

Defn: An epic poem; epic poetry.

EPOPT Ep"opt, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One instructed in the mysteries of a secret system. Carlyle.

EPOS Ep"os, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

Defn: An epic.

EPOTATION Ep`o*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. epotare, epotatum, to drink; e out + potare to drink.]

Defn: A drinking up; a quaffing. [Obs.] Feltham.

EPROUVETTE e`prou`vette", n. Etym: [F.] (Gun.)

Defn: An apparatus for testing or proving the strength of gunpowder.

EPSOMITE Ep"som*ite, n.

Defn: Native sulphate of magnesia or Epsom salt.

EPSOM SALTS; EPSOM SALT Ep"som salts` or Ep"som salt`. (Med.)

Defn: Sulphate of magnesia having cathartic qualities; -- originally prepared by boiling down the mineral waters at Epsom, England, -- whence the name; afterwards prepared from sea water; but now from certain minerals, as from siliceous hydrate of magnesia.

EPULARY Ep"u*la*ry, a. Etym: [L. epularis, fr. epulum a feast: cf. F. épulaire.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a feast or banquet. [Obs.] Smart.

EPULATION Ep`u*la"tion, n. Etym: [L. epulatio.]

Defn: A feasting or feast; banquet. [Obs.] Sir T. Browne.

EPULIS E*pu"lis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A hard tumor developed from the gums.

EPULOSE Ep"u*lose`, a. Etym: [L. epulum a feast.]

Defn: Feasting to excess. [Obs.]

EPULOSITY Ep`u*los"i*ty, n.

Defn: A feasting to excess. [Obs.]

EPULOTIC Ep`u*lot"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Promoting the skinning over or healing of sores; as, an epulotic ointment. -- n.

Defn: An epulotic agent.

EPURATION Ep`u*ra"tion, n. Etym: [L. e out, quite + purare to purify, purus pure.]

Defn: Purification.

EPURE e`pure", n. Etym: [F.] (Fine Arts)

Defn: A draught or model from which to build; especially, one of the full size of the work to be done; a detailed drawing.

EPWORTH LEAGUE Ep"worth League.

Defn: A religious organization of Methodist young people, founded in 1889 at Cleveland, Ohio, and taking its name from John Wesley's birthplace, Epworth, Lincolnshire, England.

EQUABILITY E`qua*bil"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. aequabilitas, fr. aequabilis. See Equable.]

Defn: The quality or condition of being equable; evenness or uniformity; as, equability of temperature; the equability of the mind. For the celestial bodies, the equability and constancy of their motions argue them ordained by wisdom. Ray.

EQUABLE E"qua*ble, a. Etym: [L. aequabilis, fr. aequare to make level or equal, fr. aequus even, equal. See Equal.]

1. Equal and uniform; continuing the same at different times; -- said of motion, and the like; uniform in surface; smooth; as, an equable plain or globe.

2. Uniform in action or intensity; not variable or changing; -- said of the feelings or temper.

EQUABLENESS E"qua*ble*ness, n.

Defn: Quality or state of being equable.

EQUABLY E"qua*bly, adv.

Defn: In an equable manner.

EQUAL E"qual, a. Etym: [L. aequalis, fr. aequus even, equal; akin to Skr. , and perh. to L. unus for older oinos one, E. one.]

1. Agreeing in quantity, size, quality, degree, value, etc.; having the same magnitude, the same value, the same degree, etc.; -- applied to number, degree, quantity, and intensity, and to any subject which admits of them; neither inferior nor superior, greater nor less, better nor worse; corresponding; alike; as, equal quantities of land, water, etc. ; houses of equal size; persons of equal stature or talents; commodities of equal value.

2. Bearing a suitable relation; of just proportion; having competent power, abilities, or means; adequate; as, he is not equal to the task. The Scots trusted not their own numbers as equal to fight with the English. Clarendon. It is not permitted to me to make my commendations equal to your merit. Dryden. Whose voice an equal messenger Conveyed thy meaning mild. Emerson.

3. Not variable; equable; uniform; even; as, an equal movement. "An equal temper." Dryden.

4. Evenly balanced; not unduly inclining to either side; characterized by fairness; unbiased; impartial; equitable; just. Are not my ways equal Ezek. xviii. 29. Thee, O Jove, no equal judge I deem. Spenser. Nor think it equal to answer deliberate reason with sudden heat and noise. Milton.

5. Of the same interest or concern; indifferent. They who are not disposed to receive them may let them alone or reject them; it is equal to me. Cheyne.

6. (Mus.)

Defn: Intended for voices of one kind only, either all male or all female; -- opposed to mixed. [R.]

7. (Math.)

Defn: Exactly agreeing with respect to quantity. Equal temperament. (Mus.) See Temperament.

Syn. -- Even; equable; uniform; adequate; proportionate; commensurate; fair; just; equitable.

EQUAL E"qual, n.

1. One not inferior or superior to another; one having the same or a similar age, rank, station, office, talents, strength, or other quality or condition; an equal quantity or number; as, "If equals be taken from equals the remainders are equal." Those who were once his equals envy and defame him. Addison.

2. State of being equal; equality. [Obs.] Spenser.

EQUAL E"qual, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equaled or Equalled; p. pr. & vb. n. Equaling or Equalling.]

1. To be or become equal to; to have the same quantity, the same value, the same degree or rank, or the like, with; to be commen On me whose all not equals Edward's moiety. Shak.

2. To make equal return to; to recompense fully. Who answered all her cares, and equaled all her love. Dryden.

3. To make equal or equal to; to equalize; hence, to compare or regard as equals; to put on equality. He would not equal the mind that he found in himself to the infinite and incomprehensible. Berkeley.

EQUALITARIAN E*qual`i*ta"ri*an, n.

Defn: One who believes in equalizing the condition of men; a leveler.

EQUALITY E*qual"i*ty, n.; pl. Equalities. Etym: [L. aequalitas, fr. aequalis equal. See Equal.]

1. The condition or quality of being equal; agreement in quantity or degree as compared; likeness in bulk, value, rank, properties, etc.; as, the equality of two bodies in length or thickness; an equality of rights. A footing of equality with nobles. Macaulay.

2. Sameness in state or continued course; evenness; uniformity; as, an equality of temper or constitution.

3. Evenness; uniformity; as, an equality of surface.

4. (Math.)

Defn: Exact agreement between two expressions or magnitudes with respect to quantity; -- denoted by the symbol =; thus, a = x signifies that a contains the same number and kind of units of measure that x does. Confessional equality. See under Confessional.

EQUALIZATION E`qual*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act of equalizing, or state of being equalized. Their equalization with the rest of their fellow subjects. Burke.

EQUALIZE E"qual*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equalized; p. pr. & vb. n. Equalizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. égaliser.]

1. To make equal; to cause to correspond, or be like, in amount or degree as compared; as, to equalize accounts, burdens, or taxes. One poor moment can suffice To equalize the lofty and the low. Wordsworth. No system of instruction will completely equalize natural powers. Whately.

2. To pronounce equal; to compare as equal. Which we equalize, and perhaps would willingly prefer to the Iliad. Orrery.

3. To be equal to; equal; to match. [Obs.] It could not equalize the hundredth part Of what her eyes have kindled in my heart. Waller. Equalizing bar (Railroad Mach.), a lever connecting two axle boxes, or two springs in a car truck or locomotive, to equalize the pressure on the axles.

EQUALIZER E"qual*i`zer, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, equalizes anything.

EQUALLY E"qual*ly, adv.

Defn: In an equal manner or degree in equal shares or proportion; with equal and impartial justice; without difference; alike; evenly; justly; as, equally taxed, furnished, etc.

EQUALNESS E"qual*ness, n.

Defn: Equality; evenness. Shak.

EQUANGULAR E*quan"gu*lar, a. Etym: [See Equiangular.]

Defn: Having equal angles; equiangular. [R.] Johnson.

EQUANIMITY E`qua*nim"i*ty, n. Etym: [L. aequanimitas, fr. aequanimus: cf. F. équanimité. See Equanimous.]

Defn: Evenness of mind; that calm temper or firmness of mind which is not easily elated or depressed; patience; calmness; composure; as, to bear misfortunes with equanimity.

EQUANIMOUS E*quan"i*mous, a. Etym: [L. aequanimus, fr. aequus equal + animus mind.]

Defn: Of an even, composed frame of mind; of a steady temper; not easily elated or depressed. Bp. Gauden.

EQUANT E"quant, n. Etym: [L. aequans, -antis, p. pr. of aequare: cf. F. équant. See Equate.] (Ptolemaic Astron.)

Defn: A circle around whose circumference a planet or the center of ann epicycle was conceived to move uniformly; -- called also eccentric equator.

EQUATE E*quate", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equated; p. pr. & vb. n. Equating.] Etym: [L. aequatus, p. p. of aequare to make level or equal, fr. aequus level, equal. See Equal.]

Defn: To make equal; to reduce to an average; to make such an allowance or correction in as will reduce to a common standard of comparison; to reduce to mean time or motion; as, to equate payments; to equate lines of railroad for grades or curves; equated distances. Palgrave gives both scrolle and scrowe and equates both to F[rench] rolle. Skeat (Etymol. Dict. ). Equating for grades (Railroad Engin.), adding to the measured distance one mile for each twenty feet of ascent. -- Equating for curves, adding half a mile for each 360 degrees of curvature.

EQUATION E*qua"tion, n. Etym: [L. aequatio an equalizing: cf. F. équation equation. See Equate.]

1. A making equal; equal division; equality; equilibrium. Again the golden day resumed its right, And ruled in just equation with the night. Rowe.

2. (Math.)

Defn: An expression of the condition of equality between two algebraic quantities or sets of quantities, the sign = being placed between them; as, a binomial equation; a quadratic equation; an algebraic equation; a transcendental equation; an exponential equation; a logarithmic equation; a differential equation, etc.

3. (Astron.)

Defn: A quantity to be applied in computing the mean place or other element of a celestial body; that is, any one of the several quantities to be added to, or taken from, its position as calculated on the hypothesis of a mean uniform motion, in order to find its true position as resulting from its actual and unequal motion. Absolute equation. See under Absolute. -- Equation box, or Equational box, a system of differential gearing used in spinning machines for regulating the twist of the yarn. It resembles gearing used in equation clocks for showing apparent time. -- Equation of the center (Astron.), the difference between the place of a planet as supposed to move uniformly in a circle, and its place as moving in an ellipse. -- Equations of condition (Math.), equations formed for deducing the true values of certain quantities from others on which they depend, when different sets of the latter, as given by observation, would yield different values of the quantities sought, and the number of equations that may be found is greater than the number of unknown quantities. -- Equation of a curve (Math.), an equation which expresses the relation between the coördinates of every point in the curve. -- Equation of equinoxes (Astron.), the difference between the mean and apparent places of the equinox. -- Equation of payments (Arith.), the process of finding the mean time of payment of several sums due at different times. -- Equation of time (Astron.), the difference between mean and apparent time, or between the time of day indicated by the sun, and that by a perfect clock going uniformly all the year round. -- Equation clock or watch, a timepiece made to exhibit the differences between mean solar and apparent solar time. Knight. -- Normal equation. See under Normal. -- Personal equation (Astron.), the difference between an observed result and the true qualities or peculiarities in the observer;

## particularly the difference, in an average of a large number of

observation, between the instant when an observer notes a phenomenon, as the transit of a star, and the assumed instant of its actual occurrence; or, relatively, the difference between these instants as noted by two observers. It is usually only a fraction of a second; -- sometimes applied loosely to differences of judgment or method occasioned by temperamental qualities of individuals. -- Theory of equations (Math.), the branch of algebra that treats of the properties of a single algebraic equation of any degree containing one unknown quantity.

EQUATOR E*qua"tor, n. Etym: [L. aequator one who equalizes: cf. F. équateur equator. See Equate.]

1. (Geog.)

Defn: The imaginary great circle on the earth's surface, everywhere equally distant from the two poles, and dividing the earth's surface into two hemispheres.

2. (Astron.)

Defn: The great circle of the celestial sphere, coincident with the plane of the earth's equator; -- so called because when the sun is in it, the days and nights are of equal length; hence called also the equinoctial, and on maps, globes, etc., the equinoctial line. Equator of the sun or of a planet (Astron.), the great circle whose plane passes through through the center of the body, and is perpendicular to its axis of revolution. -- Magnetic equator. See Aclinic.

EQUATORIAL E`qua*to"ri*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. équatorial.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to the equator; as, equatorial climates; also, pertaining to an equatorial instrument.

EQUATORIAL E`qua*to"ri*al, n. (Astron.)

Defn: An instrument consisting of a telescope so mounted as to have two axes of motion at right angles to each other, one of them parallel to the axis of the earth, and each carrying a graduated circle, the one for measuring declination, and the other right ascension, or the hour angle, so that the telescope may be directed, even in the daytime, to any star or other object whose right ascension and declination are known. The motion in right ascension is sometimes communicated by clockwork, so as to keep the object constantly in the field of the telescope. Called also an equatorial telescope.

Note: The term equatorial, or equatorial instrument, is sometimes applied to any astronomical instrument which has its principal axis of rotation parallel to the axis of the earth.

EQUATORIALLY E`qua*to"ri*al*ly, adv.

Defn: So as to have motion or direction parallel to the equator.

EQUERRY Eq"uer*ry, n.; pl. Equerries. Etym: [F. écurie stable, for older escurie, escuirie (confused somewhat with F. écuyer, OF. escuyer, squire), LL. scuria, OHG. skiura, sc, barn, shed, G. scheuer, from a root meaning to cover, protect, and akin to L. scutum shield. See Esquire, and cf. Ecurie, Querry.]

1. A large stable or lodge for horses. Johnson.

2. An officer of princes or nobles, charged with the care of their horses.

Note: In England equerries are officers of the royal household in the department of the Master of the Horse.

EQUERY Eq"ue*ry, n.

Defn: Same as Equerry.

EQUESTRIAN E*ques"tri*an, a. Etym: [L. equester, from eques horseman, fr. equus horse: cf. F. équestre. See Equine.]

1. Of or pertaining to horses or horsemen, or to horsemanship; as, equestrian feats, or games.

2. Being or riding on horseback; mounted; as, an equestrian statue. An equestrian lady appeared upon the plains. Spectator.

3. Belonging to, or composed of, the ancient Roman equities or knights; as, the equestrian order. Burke.

EQUESTRIAN E*ques"tri*an, n.

Defn: One who rides on horseback; a horseman; a rider.

EQUESTRIANISM E*ques"tri*an*ism, n.

Defn: The art of riding on horseback; performance on horseback; horsemanship; as, feats equestrianism.

EQUESTRIENNE E*ques"tri*enne`, n. Etym: [Formed after analogy of the French language.]

Defn: A woman skilled in equestrianism; a horsewoman.

EQUI- E"qui-. Etym: [L. aequus equal. See Equal.]

Defn: A prefix, meaning equally; as, equidistant; equiangular.

EQUIANGLED E"qui*an`gled, a. Etym: [Equi- + angle.]

Defn: Equiangular. [Obs.] Boyle.

EQUIANGULAR E`qui*an"gu*lar, a. Etym: [Equi- + angular. Cf. Equangular.]

Defn: Having equal angles; as, an equiangular figure; a square is equiangular. Equiangular spiral. (Math.) See under Spiral, n. -- Mutually equiangular, applied to two figures, when every angle of the one has its equal among the angles of the other.

EQUIBALANCE E`qui*bal"ance, n. Etym: [Equi- + balance.]

Defn: Equal weight; equiponderance.

EQUIBALANCE E`qui*bal"ance, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equibalanced; p. pr. & vb. n. Equibalancing.]

Defn: To make of equal weight; to balance equally; to counterbalance; to equiponderate.

EQUICRESCENT E`qui*cres"cent, a. Etym: [Equi- + crescent.] (Math.)

Defn: Increasing by equal increments; as, an equicrescent variable.

EQUICRURAL E`qui*cru"ral, a. Etym: [L. aequicrurius; aequus equal + crus, cruris, leg.]

Defn: Having equal legs or sides; isosceles. [R.] "Equicrural triangles." Sir T. Browne.

EQUICRURE E"qui*crure, a.

Defn: Equicrural. [Obs.]

EQUIDIFFERENT E`qui*dif"fer*ent, a. Etym: [Equi- + different: cf. F. équidifférent.]

Defn: Having equal differences; as, the terms of arithmetical progression are equidifferent.

EQUIDISTANCE E`qui*dis"tance, n.

Defn: Equal distance.

EQUIDISTANT E`qui*dis"tant, a. Etym: [L. aequidistans, -antis; aequus equal + distans distant: cf. F. équidistant.]

Defn: Being at an equal distance from the same point or thing. -- E`qui*dis"tant*ly, adv. Sir T. Browne.

EQUIDIURNAL E`qui*di*ur"nal, a. Etym: [Equi- + diurnal.]

Defn: Pertaining to the time of equal day and night; -- applied to the equinoctial line. Whewell.

EQUIFORM E"qui*form, a. Etym: [L. aequiformis; aequus equal + forma form.]

Defn: Having the same form; uniform. -- E`qui*for"mi*ty, n. Sir T. Browne.

EQUILATERAL E`qui*lat"er*al, a. Etym: [L. aequilateralis; aequus equal + latus, lateris, side: cf. F. équilatéral.]

Defn: Having all the sides equal; as, an equilateral triangle; an equilateral polygon. Equilateral hyperbola (Geom.), one whose axes are equal. -- Equilateral shell (Zoöl.), one in which a transverse line drawn through the apex of the umbo bisects the valve, or divides it into two equal and symmetrical parts. -- Mutually equilateral, applied to two figures, when every side of the one has its equal among the sides of the other.

EQUILATERAL E`qui*lat"er*al, n.

Defn: A side exactly corresponding, or equal, to others; also, a figure of equal sides.

EQUILIBRATE E`qui*li"brate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equilibrated; p. pr. & vb. n. Equilibrating.] Etym: [L. aequilibratus in equilibrium; aequus equal + libra balance. See Equilibrium.]

Defn: To balance two scales, sides, or ends; to keep even with equal weight on each side; to keep in equipoise. H. Spenser.

EQUILIBRATION E`qui*li*bra"tion, n.

1. Act of keeping a balance, or state of being balanced; equipoise. In . . . running, leaping, and dancing, nature's laws of equilibration are observed. J. Denham.

2. (Biol.)

Defn: The process by which animal and vegetable organisms preserve a physiological balance. H. Spenser.

EQUILIBRIOUS E`qui*lib"ri*ous, a.

Defn: Evenly poised; balanced. Dr. H. More. -- E`qui*lib"ri*ous*ly, adv.

EQUILIBRIST E*quil"i*brist, n.

Defn: One who balances himself in unnatural positions and hazardous movements; a balancer. When the equilibrist balances a rod upon his finger. Stewart.

EQUILIBRITY E`qui*lib"ri*ty, n. Etym: [L. aequilibritas equal distribution. See Equilibrium.]

Defn: The state of being balanced; equality of weight. [R.] J. Gregory.

EQUILIBRIUM E`qui*lib"ri*um, n.; pl. E. Equilibriums, L. Equilibria. Etym: [L. aequilibrium, fr. aequilibris in equilibrium, level; aequus equal + libra balance. See Equal, and Librate.]

1. Equality of weight or force; an equipoise or a state of rest produced by the mutual counteraction of two or more forces.

2. A level position; a just poise or balance in respect to an object, so that it remains firm; equipoise; as, to preserve the equilibrium of the body. Health consists in the equilibrium between those two powers. Arbuthnot.

3. A balancing of the mind between motives or reasons, with consequent indecision and doubt. Equilibrium valve (Steam Engine), a balanced valve. See under Valve.

EQUIMOMENTAL E`qui*mo*men"tal, a. Etym: [Equi- + momental.] (Mech.)

Defn: Having equal moments of inertia.

Note: Two bodies or systems of bodies are said to be equimomental when their moments of inertia about all straight lines are equal each to each. Equimomental cone of a given rigid body, a conical surface that has any given vertex, and is described by a straight line which moves in such manner that the moment of inertia of the given rigid body about the line is in all its positions the same.

EQUIMULTIPLE E`qui*mul"ti*ple, a. Etym: [Equi- + multiple: cf. F. équimultiple.]

Defn: Multiplied by the same number or quantity.

EQUIMULTIPLE E`qui*mul"ti*ple, n. (Math.)

Defn: One of the products arising from the multiplication of two or more quantities by the same number or quantity. Thus, seven times 2, or 14, and seven times 4, or 28, are equimultiples of 2 and 4.

EQUINAL E*qui"nal, a.

Defn: See Equine. "An equinal shape." Heywood.

EQUINE E"quine, a. Etym: [L. equinus, fr. equus horse; akin to Gr. a, OS. ehu, AS. eh, eoh, Icel. j, OIr. ech, cf. Skr. a to reach, overtake, perh. akin to E. acute, edge, eager, a. Cf. Hippopotamus.]

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a horse. The shoulders, body, things, and mane are equine; the head completely bovine. Sir J. Barrow.

EQUINIA E*quin"i*a, n. Etym: [NL. See Equine.] (Med.)

Defn: Glanders.

EQUINOCTIAL E`qui*noc"tial, a. Etym: [L. aequinoctials, fr. aequinoctium equinox: cf. F. équinoxial. See Equinox.]

1. Pertaining to an equinox, or the equinoxes, or to the time of equal day and night; as, the equinoctial line.

2. Pertaining to the regions or climate of the equinoctial line or equator; in or near that line; as, equinoctial heat; an equinoctial sun.

3. Pertaining to the time when the sun enters the equinoctial points; as, an equinoctial gale or storm, that is, one happening at or near the time of the equinox, in any part of the world. Equinoctial colure (Astron.), the meridian passing through the equinoctial points. -- Equinoctial line (Astron.), the celestial equator; -- so called because when the sun is on it, the nights and days are of equal length in all parts of the world. See Equator. Thrice the equinoctial line He circled. Milton. - Equinoctial points (Astron.), the two points where the celestial and ecliptic intersect each other; the one being in the first point of Aries, the other in the first point of Libra. -- Equinoctial time (Astron.) reckoned in any year from the instant when the mean sun is at the mean vernal equinoctial point.

EQUINOCTIAL E`qui*noc"tial, n.

Defn: The equinoctial line.

EQUINOCTIALLY E`qui*noc"tial*ly, adv.

Defn: Towards the equinox.

EQUINOX E"qui*nox, n. Etym: [OE. equinoxium, equenoxium, L. aequinoctium; aequus equal + nox, noctis, night: cf. F. équinoxe. See Equal, and Night.]

1. The time when the sun enters one of the equinoctial points, that is, about March 21 and September 22. See Autumnal equinox, Vernal equinox, under Autumnal and Vernal. When descends on the Atlantic The gigantic Stormwind of the equinox. Longfellow.

2. Equinoctial wind or storm. [R.] Dryden.

EQUINUMERANT E`qui*nu"mer*ant, a. Etym: [Equi- + L. numerans, p. pr. of numerare to number.]

Defn: Equal as to number. [Obs.] Arbuthnot.

EQUIP E*quip", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Equipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Equipping.] Etym: [F. équiper to supply, fit out, orig. said of a ship, OF. esquiper to embark; of German origin; cf. OHG. scif, G. schiff, Icel. skip, AS. scip. See Ship.]

1. To furnish for service, or against a need or exigency; to fit out; to supply with whatever is necessary to efficient action in any way; to provide with arms or an armament, stores, munitions, rigging, etc.; -- said esp. of ships and of troops. Dryden. Gave orders for equipping a considerable fleet. Ludlow.

2. To dress up; to array; accouter. The country are led astray in following the town, and equipped in a ridiculous habit, when they fancy themselves in the height of the mode. Addison.

EQUIPAGE Eq"ui*page (; 48), n. Etym: [F. équipage, fr. équiper. See Equip.]

1. Furniture or outfit, whether useful or ornamental; especially, the furniture and supplies of a vessel, fitting her for a voyage or for warlike purposes, or the furniture and necessaries of an army, a body of troops, or a single soldier, including whatever is necessary for efficient service; equipments; accouterments; habiliments; attire. Did their exercises on horseback with noble equipage. Evelyn. First strip off all her equipage of Pride. Pope.

2. Retinue; train; suite. Swift.

3. A carriage of state or of pleasure with all that accompanies it, as horses, liveried servants, etc., a showy turn-out. The rumbling equipages of fashion . . . were unknown in the settlement of New Amsterdam. W. Irving.

EQUIPAGED Eq"ui*paged, a.

Defn: Furnished with equipage. Well dressed, well bred. Well equipaged, is ticket good enough. Cowper.

EQUIPARABLE E*quip"a*ra*ble a. Etym: [L. aequiparabilis.]

Defn: Comparable. [Obs. or R.]

EQUIPARATE E*quip"a*rate v. t. Etym: [L. aequiparatus, p. p. of aequiparare.]

Defn: To compare. [R.]

EQUIPEDAL E*quip"e*dal, a. Etym: [Equi- + L. pes, pedis, foot.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Equal-footed; having the pairs of feet equal.

EQUIPENDENCY E`qui*pend"en*cy, n. Etym: [Equi- + pendency.]

Defn: The act or condition of hanging in equipoise; not inclined or determined either way. South.

EQUIPENSATE E`qui*pen"sate, v. t. Etym: [Equi- + pensatus, p. p. of pensare to weigh. Cf. Equipoise.]

Defn: To weigh equally; to esteem alike. [Obs.]

EQUIPMENT E*quip"ment, n. Etym: [Cf. F. équipement. See Equip.]

1. The act of equipping, or the state of being equipped, as for a voyage or expedition. Burke. The equipment of the fleet was hastened by De Witt. Hume.

2. Whatever is used in equipping; necessaries for an expedition or voyage; the collective designation for the articles comprising an outfit; equipage; as, a railroad equipment (locomotives, cars, etc. ; for carrying on business); horse equipments; infantry equipments; naval equipments; laboratory equipments. Armed and dight, In the equipments of a knight. Longfellow.

EQUIPOISE E"qui*poise, n. Etym: [Equi- + poise.]

1. Equality of weight or force; hence, equilibrium; a state in which the two ends or sides of a thing are balanced, and hence equal; state of being equally balanced; -- said of moral, political, or social interests or forces. The means of preserving the equipoise and the tranquillity of the commonwealth. Burke. Our little lives are kept in equipoise By opposite attractions and desires. Longfellow.

2. Counterpoise. The equipoise to the clergy being removed. Buckle.

EQUIPOLLENCE; EQUIPOLLENCY E`qui*pol"lence, E`qui*pol"len*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. F. équipollence. See Equipollent.]

1. Equality of power, force, signification, or application. Boyle.

2. (Logic)

Defn: Sameness of signification of two or more propositions which differ in language.

EQUIPOLLENT E`qui*pol"lent, a. Etym: [L. aequipollens; aequus equal + pollens, - entis, p. pr. of pollere to be strong, able: cf. F. équipollent.]

1. Having equal power or force; equivalent. Bacon.

2. (Logic)

Defn: Having equivalent signification and reach; expressing the same thing, but differently.

EQUIPOLLENTLY E`qui*pol"lent*ly, adv.

Defn: With equal power. Barrow.

EQUIPONDERANCE; EQUIPONDERANCY E`qui*pon"der*ance, E`qui*pon"der*an*cy, n. Etym: [Equi- + ponderance: cf. F. équipondérance.]

Defn: Equality of weight; equipoise.

EQUIPONDERANT E`qui*pon"der*ant, a. Etym: [Cf. F. équipondérant.]

Defn: Being of the same weight. A column of air . . . equiponderant to a column of quicksilver. Locke.

EQUIPONDERATE E`qui*pon"der*ate, v. i. Etym: [Equi- + L. ponderare to weigh. See Ponderate.]

Defn: To be equal in weight; to weigh as much as another thing. Bp. Wilkins.

EQUIPONDERATE E`qui*pon"der*ate, v. t.

Defn: To make equal in weight; to counterbalance. "More than equiponderated the declension in that direction." De Quincey.

EQUIPONDEROUS E`qui*pon"der*ous, a. Etym: [Equi- + L. pondus, ponderis, weight.]

Defn: Having equal weight. Bailey.

EQUIPONDIOUS E`qui*pon"di*ous, a. Etym: [L. aequipondium an equal weight; aequus equal + pondus weight.]

Defn: Of equal weight on both sides; balanced. [Obs.] Glanvill.

EQUIPOTENTIAL E`qui*po*ten"tial, a. Etym: [Equi- + potential.] (Mech. & Physics)

Defn: Having the same potential. Equipotential surface, a surface for which the potential is for all points of the surface constant. Level surfaces on the earth are equipotential.

EQUIRADICAL E`qui*rad"i*cal a. Etym: [Equi- + radical.]

Defn: Equally radical. [R.] Coleridge.

EQUIROTAL E`qui*ro"tal, a. Etym: [Equi- + L. rota wheel.]

Defn: Having wheels of the same size or diameter; having equal rotation. [R.]

EQUISETACEOUS E`qui*se*ta"ceous, a. (Bot.)

Defn: Belonging to the Equisetaceæ, or Horsetail family.

EQUISETIFORM E`qui*set"i*form, a. Etym: [Equisetum- + -form.] (Bot.)

Defn: Having the form of the equisetum.

EQUISETUM Eq`ui*se"tum, n.; pl. Equiseta. Etym: [L., the horsetail, fr. equus horse + seta a thick,, stiff hair, bristle.] (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of vascular, cryptogamic, herbaceous plants; -- also called horsetails.

Note: The Equiseta have hollow jointed stems and no true leaves. The cuticle often contains siliceous granules, so that one species (E. hyemale) is used for scouring and polishing, under the name of Dutch rush or scouring rush.

EQUISONANCE E*quis"o*nance, n. Etym: [Equi- + L. sonans, p. pr. of sonare to sound: cf. F. équisonnance. See Sonant.] (Mus.)

Defn: An equal sounding; the consonance of the unison and its octaves.

EQUISONANT E*quis"o*nant a.

Defn: Of the same or like sound.

EQUITABLE Eq"ui*ta*ble, a. Etym: [F. équitable, from équité. See Equity.]

1. Possessing or exhibiting equity; according to natural right or natural justice; marked by a due consideration for what is fair, unbiased, or impartial; just; as an equitable decision; an equitable distribution of an estate; equitable men. No two . . . had exactly the same notion of what was equitable. Macaulay.

2. (Law)

Defn: That can be sustained or made available or effective in a court of equity, or upon principles of equity jurisprudence; as, an equitable estate; equitable assets, assignment, mortgage, etc. Abbott.

Syn. -- Just; fair; reasonable; right; honest; impartial; candid; upright.

EQUITABLENESS Eq"ui*ta*ble*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being equitable, just, or impartial; as, the equitableness of a judge, a decision, or distribution of property.

EQUITABLY Eq"ui*ta*bly, adv.

Defn: In an equitable manner; justly; as, the laws should be equitably administered.

EQUITANCY Eq"ui*tan*cy, n. Etym: [Cf. LL. equitantia. See Equitant.]

Defn: Horsemanship.

EQUITANT Eq"ui*tant, a. Etym: [L. equitans, -antis, p. pr. of equitare to ride, fr. eques horseman, fr. equus horse.]

1. Mounted on, or sitting upon, a horse; riding on horseback.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: Overlapping each other; -- said of leaves whose bases are folded so as to overlap and bestride the leaves within or above them, as in the iris.

EQUITATION Eq`ui*ta"tion, n. Etym: [L. equitatio, fr. equitare: cf. F. équitation.]

Defn: A riding, or the act of riding, on horseback; horsemanship. The pretender to equitation mounted. W. Irving.

EQUITEMPORANEOUS E`qui*tem`po*ra"ne*ous, a. Etym: [L. aequus equal + tempus, temporis, time.]

Defn: Contemporaneous. [Obs.] Boyle.

EQUITES Eq"ui*tes n. pl Etym: [L., pl. of eques a horseman.] (Rom. Antiq.)

Defn: An order of knights holding a middle place between the senate and the commonalty; members of the Roman equestrian order.

EQUITY Eq"ui*ty, n.; pl. Equities. Etym: [F. équité, L. aequitas, fr. aequus even, equal. See Equal.]

1. Equality of rights; natural justice or right; the giving, or desiring to give, to each man his due, according to reason, and the law of God to man; fairness in determination of conflicting claims; impartiality. Christianity secures both the private interests of men and the public peace, enforcing all justice and equity. Tillotson.

2. (Law)

Defn: An equitable claim; an equity of redemption; as, an equity to a settlement, or wife's equity, etc. I consider the wife's equity to be too well settled to be shaken. Kent.

3. (Law)

Defn: A system of jurisprudence, supplemental to law, properly so called, and complemental of it. Equity had been gradually shaping itself into a refined science which no human faculties could master without long and intense application. Macaulay.

Note: Equitable jurisprudence in England and in the United States grew up from the inadequacy of common-law forms to secure justice in all cases; and this led to distinct courts by which equity was applied in the way of injunctions, bills of discovery, bills for specified performance, and other processes by which the merits of a case could be reached more summarily or more effectively than by common-law suits. By the recent English Judicature Act (1873), however, the English judges are bound to give effect, in common-law suits, to all equitable rights and remedies; and when the rules of equity and of common law, in any particular case, conflict, the rules of equity are to prevail. In many jurisdictions in the United States, equity and common law are thus blended; in others distinct equity tribunals are still maintained. See Chancery. Equity of redemption (Law), the advantage, allowed to a mortgageor, of a certain or reasonable time to redeem lands mortgaged, after they have been forfeited at law by the nonpayment of the sum of money due on the mortgage at the appointed time. Blackstone.

Syn. -- Right; justice; impartiality; rectitude; fairness; honesty; uprightness. See Justice.

EQUIVALENCE E*quiv"a*lence, n. Etym: [Cf. F. équivalence, LL. aequivalentia.]

1. The condition of being equivalent or equal; equality of worth, value, signification, or force; as, an equivalence of definitions.

2. Equal power or force; equivalent amount.

3. (Chem.) (a) The quantity of the combining power of an atom, expressed in hydrogen units; the number of hydrogen atoms can combine with, or be exchanged for; valency. See Valence. (b) The degree of combining power as determined by relative weight. See Equivalent, n., 2. [R.]

EQUIVALENCE E*quiv"a*lence, v. t.

Defn: To be equivalent or equal to; to counterbalance. [R.] Sir T. Browne.

EQUIVALENCY E*quiv"a*len*cy, n.

Defn: Same as Equivalence.

EQUIVALENT E*quiv"a*lent, a. Etym: [L. aequivalens, -entis, p. pr. of aequivalere to have equal power; aequus equal + valere to be strong, be worth: cf. F. équivalent. See Equal, and Valiant.]

1. Equal in wortir or value, force, power, effect, import, and the like; alike in significance and value; of the same import or meaning. For now to serve and to minister, servile and ministerial, are terms equivalent. South.

2. (Geom.)

Defn: Equal in measure but not admitting of superposition; -- applied to magnitudes; as, a square may be equivalent to a triangle.

3. (Geol.)

Defn: Contemporaneous in origin; as, the equivalent strata of different countries.

EQUIVALENT E*quiv"a*lent, n.

1. Something equivalent; that which is equal in value, worth, weight, or force; as, to offer an equivalent for damage done. He owned that, if the Test Act were repealed, the Protestants were entitled to some equivalent. . . . During some weeks the word equivalent, then lately imported from France, was in the mouths of all the coffeehouse. Macaulay.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: That comparative quantity by weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference to the same standard. Specifically: (a) The comparative proportions by which one element replaces another in any particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1. (b) The combining proportion by weight of a substance, or the number expressing this proportion, in any particular compound; as, the equivalents of hydrogen and oxygen in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and 16.

Note: This term was adopted by Wollaston to avoid using the conjectural expression atomic weight, with which, however, for a time it was practically synonymous. The attempt to limit the term to the meaning of a universally comparative combining weight failed, because of the possibility of several compounds of the substances by reason of the variation in combining power which most elements exhibit. The equivalent was really identical with, or a multiple of submultiple of, the atomic weight.

3. (Chem.)

Defn: A combining unit, whether an atom, a radical, or a molecule; as, in acid salt two or more equivalents of acid unite with one or more equivalents of base. Mechanical equivalent of heat (Physics), the number of units of work which the unit of heat can perform; the mechanical energy which must be expended to raise the temperature of a unit weight of water from 0º C. to 1º C., or from 32º F. to 33º F. The term was introduced by Dr. Mayer of Heilbronn. Its value was found by Joule to be 1390 foot pounds upon the Centigrade, or 772 foot pounds upon the Fahrenheit, thermometric scale, whence it is often called Joule's equivalent, and represented by the symbol J. This is equal to 424 kilogram meters (Centigrade scale). A more recent determination by Professor Rowland gives the value 426.9 kilogram meters, for the latitude of Baltimore.

EQUIVALENT E*quiv"a*lent, v. t.

Defn: To make the equivalent to; to equal; equivalence. [R.]

EQUIVALENTLY E*quiv"a*lent*ly, adv.

Defn: In an equal manner.

EQUIVALUE E`qui*val"ue, v. t.

Defn: To put an equal value upon; to put (something) on a par with another thing. W. Taylor.

EQUIVALVE; EQUIVALVED E"qui*valve, E"qui*valved, a. Etym: [Equi- + valve.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having the valves equal in size and from, as in most bivalve shells.

EQUIVALVULAR E`qui*val"vu*lar, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Same as Equivalve or Equivalved.

EQUIVOCACY E*quiv"o*ca*cy, n.

Defn: Equivocalness.

EQUIVOCAL E*quiv"o*cal, a. Etym: [L. aequivocus: aequus equal + vox, vocis, word. See Equal, and Voice, and cf. Equivoque.]

1. (Literally, called equally one thing or the other; hence:) Having two significations equally applicable; capable of double interpretation; of doubtful meaning; ambiguous; uncertain; as, equivocal words; an equivocal sentence. For the beauties of Shakespeare are not of so dim or equivocal a nature as to be visible only to learned eyes. Jeffrey.

2. Capable of being ascribed to different motives, or of signifying opposite feelings, purposes, or characters; deserving to be suspected; as, his actions are equivocal. "Equivocal repentances." Milton.

3. Uncertain, as an indication or sign; doubtful. "How equivocal a test." Burke. Equivocal chord (Mus.), a chord which can be resolved into several distinct keys; one whose intervals, being all minor thirds, do not clearly indicate its fundamental tone or root; the chord of the diminished triad, and the diminished seventh.

Syn. -- Ambiguous; doubtful; uncertain; indeterminate. -- Equivocal, Ambiguous. We call an expression ambiguous when it has one general meaning, and yet contains certain words which may be taken in two different senses; or certain clauses which can be so connected with other clauses as to divide the mind between different views of part of the meaning intended. We call an expression equivocal when, taken as a whole, it conveys a given thought with perfect clearness and propriety, and also another thought with equal propriety and clearness. Such were the responses often given by the Delphic oracle; as that to Crambiguous is a mere blunder of language; what is equivocal is usually intended to deceive, though it may occur at times from mere inadvertence. Equivocation is applied only to cases where there is a design to deceive.

EQUIVOCAL E*quiv"o*cal, n.

Defn: A word or expression capable of different meanings; an ambiguous term; an equivoque. In languages of great ductility, equivocals like that just referred to are rarely found. Fitzed. Hall.

EQUIVOCALLY E*quiv"o*cal*ly, adv.

Defn: In an equivocal manner.

EQUIVOCALNESS E*quiv"o*cal*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being equivocal.

EQUIVOCATE E*quiv"o*cate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Equivocated; p. pr. & vb. n. Equivocating.] Etym: [L. aequivocatus, p. p. of aequivocari to be called by the same name, fr. L. aequivocus: cf. F. équivoquer. See Equivocal, a.]

Defn: To use words of equivocal or doubtful signification; to express one's opinions in terms which admit of different senses, with intent to deceive; to use ambiguous expressions with a view to mislead; as, to equivocate is the work of duplicity. All that Garnet had to say for him was that he supposed he meant to equivocate. Bp. Stillingfleet.

Syn. -- To prevaricate; evade; shuffle; quibble. See Prevaricate.

EQUIVOCATE E*quiv"o*cate, v. t.

Defn: To render equivocal or ambiguous. He equivocated his vow by a mental reservation. Sir G. Buck.

EQUIVOCATION E*quiv`o*ca"tion, n.

Defn: The use of expressions susceptible of a double signification, with a purpose to mislead. There being no room for equivocations, there is no need of distinctions. Locke.

Syn. -- Prevarication; ambiguity; shuffling; evasion; guibbling. See Equivocal, a., and Prevaricate, v. i.

EQUIVOCATOR E*quiv"o*ca`tor, n.

Defn: One who equivocates. Here's an equivocator that could swear in both the scales against either scale, yet could not equivocate to heaven. Shak.

EQUIVOCATORY E*quiv"o*ca*to*ry, a.

Defn: Indicating, or characterized by, equivocation.

EQUIVOQUE; EQUIVOKE Eq"ui*voque, Eq"ui*voke, n. Etym: [F. équivoque. See Equivocal.]

1. An ambiguous term; a word susceptible of different significations. Coleridge.

2. An equivocation; a guibble. B. Jonson.

EQUIVOROUS E*quiv"o*rous, a. Etym: [L. equus horse + vorare to eat greedily.]

Defn: Feeding on horseflesh; as, equivorous Tartars.

EQUUS E"quus, n. Etym: [L., horse.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of mammals, including the horse, ass, etc.

-ER -er

Defn: .

1. Etym: [AS. -ere; akin to L. -arius.]

Defn: The termination of many English words, denoting the agent; -- applied either to men or things; as in hater, farmer, heater, grater. At the end of names of places, -er signifies a man of the place; as, Londoner, i. e., London man.

2. Etym: [AS. -ra; akin to G. -er, Icel. -are, -re, Goth. -iza, -, L. -ior, Gr. -iyas.]

Defn: A suffix used to form the comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs; as, warmer, sooner, lat(e)er, earl(y)ier.

ERA E"ra, n.; pl. Eras. Etym: [LL. aera an era, in earlier usage, the items of an account, counters, pl. of aes, aeris, brass, money. See Ore.]

1. A fixed point of time, usually an epoch, from which a series of years is reckoned. The foundation of Solomon's temple is conjectured by Ideler to have been an era. R. S. Poole.

2. A period of time reckoned from some particular date or epoch; a succession of years dating from some important event; as, the era of Alexander; the era of Christ, or the Christian era (see under Christian). The first century of our era. M. Arnold.

3. A period of time in which a new order of things prevails; a signal stage of history; an epoch. Painting may truly be said to have opened the new era of culture. J. A. Symonds.

Syn. -- Epoch; time; date; period; age; dispensation. See Epoch.

ERADIATE E*ra"di*ate, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Eradiated; p. pr. & vb. n. Eradiating.] Etym: [Pref. e- + radiate.]

Defn: To shoot forth, as rays of light; to beam; to radiate. Dr. H. More.

ERADIATION E*ra`di*a"tion, n.

Defn: Emission of radiance.

ERADICABLE E*rad"i*ca*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being eradicated.

ERADICATE E*rad"i*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Eradicated; p. pr. & vb. n. Eradicating.] Etym: [L. eradicatus, p. p. of eradicare to eradicate; e out + radix, radicis, root. See Radical.]

1. To pluck up by the roots; to root up; as, an oak tree eradicated.

2. To root out; to destroy utterly; to extirpate; as, to eradicate diseases, or errors. This, although now an old an inveterate evil, might be eradicated by vigorous treatment. Southey.

Syn. -- To extirpate; root out; exterminate; destroy; annihilate.

ERADICATION E*rad`i*ca"tion, n. Etym: [L. eradicatio: cf. F. éradication.]

1. The act of plucking up by the roots; a rooting out; extirpation; utter destruction.

2. The state of being plucked up by the roots.

ERADICATIVE E*rad"i*ca*tive, a. Etym: [Cf. éradicatif.]

Defn: Tending or serving to eradicate; curing or destroying thoroughly, as a disease or any evil.

ERADICATIVE E*rad"i*ca*tive, n. (Med.)

Defn: A medicine that effects a radical cure. Whitlock.

ERASABLE E*ras"a*ble, a.

Defn: Capable of being erased.

ERASE E*rase", v. t. [imp. & p. p. Erased; p. pr. & vb. n.. Erasing.] Etym: [L. erasus, p. p. of eradere to erase; e out + radere to scrape, scratch, shave. See Rase.]

1. To rub or scrape out, as letters or characters written, engraved, or painted; to efface; to expunge; to cross out; as, to erase a word or a name.

2. Fig.: To obliterate; to expunge; to blot out; -- used of ideas in the mind or memory. Burke.

ERASED E*rased", p. pr. & a.

1. Rubbed or scraped out; effaced; obliterated.

2. (Her.)

Defn: Represented with jagged and uneven edges, as is torn off; -- used esp. of the head or limb of a beast. Cf. Couped.

ERASEMENT E*rase"ment, n.

Defn: The act of erasing; a rubbing out; expunction; obliteration. Johnson.

ERASER E*ras"er, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, erases; esp., a sharp instrument or a piece of rubber used to erase writings, drawings, etc.

ERASION E*ra"sion, n.

Defn: The act of erasing; a rubbing out; obliteration.

ERASTIAN E*ras"tian, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: One of the followers of Thomas Erastus, a German physician and theologian of the 16th century. He held that the punishment of all offenses should be referred to the civil power, and that holy communion was open to all. In the present day, an Erastian is one who would see the church placed entirely under the control of the State. Shipley.

ERASTIANISM E*ras"tian*ism, n. (Eccl. Hist.)

Defn: The principles of the Erastains.

ERASURE E*ra"sure, n. Etym: [From Erase.]

Defn: The act of erasing; a scratching out; obliteration.

ERATIVE Er"a*tive, a.

Defn: Pertaining to the Muse Erato who presided over amatory poetry. Stormonth.

ERATO Er"a*to, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Class. Myth.)

Defn: The Muse who presided over lyric and amatory poetry.

ERBIUM Er"bi*um, n. Etym: [NL. from Ytterby, in Sweden, where gadolinite is found. Cf. Terbium, Yttrium, Ytterbium.] (Chem.)

Defn: A rare metallic element associated with several other rare elements in the mineral gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden. Symbol Er. Atomic weight 165.9. Its salts are rose-colored and give characteristic spectra. Its sesquioxide is called erbia.

ERCEDEKEN Er`ce*de"ken, n. Etym: [OE., fr. pref. erce- = archi- + deken a deacon.]

Defn: An archdeacon. [Obs.]

ERD Erd, n. Etym: [OE. erd, eard, earth, land, country, AS. eard; akin to OS. ard dwelling place, OHG. art plowing, tillage, Icel. öredh crop, and to L. arare to plow, E. ear to plow.]

Defn: The earth. [Prov. Eng.] Wright. Erd shrew (Zoöl.), the common European shrew (Sorex vulgaris); the shrewmouse.

ERE Ere, prep. & adv. Etym: [AS. , prep., adv., & conj.; akin to OS., OFries., & OHG. , G. eher, D. eer, Icel. ar, Goth. air. sq. root204. Cf. Early, Erst, Or, adv.]

1. Before; sooner than. [Archaic or Poetic] Myself was stirring ere the break of day. Shak. Ere sails were spread new oceans to explore. Dryden. Sir, come down ere my child die. John iv. 49.

2. Rather than. I will be thrown into Etna, . . . ere I will leave her. Shak. Ere long, before, shortly. Shak. -- Ere now, formerly, heretofore. Shak. -- Ere that, and Or are. Same as Ere. Shak.

ERE Ere, v. t.

Defn: To plow. [Obs.] See Ear, v. t. Chaucer.

EREBUS Er"e*bus, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.

1. (Greek Myth.)

Defn: A place of nether darkness, being the gloomy space through which the souls passed to Hades. See Milton's "Paradise Lost,"