CHAPTER XX

A WINTER TRIP TO SOUTH GEORGIA

Again we are alone with sky and sea. The future looks bright, we lie flat on the deck in the sun enjoying our siesta, a company of five, we two, Captain Esbensen, his wife and brother-in-law, all three Norwegians.

Like the quiet flow of a river the first days went by. Then, suddenly the engines stopped. There was much wondering and asking of questions. We had certainly noticed that they had begun to make some unusual noise, but did not think much of it. A closer investigation supplied no explanation; they were set going again, but the noise increased more and more. Again they were taken to pieces, but it was impossible to discover whence the mysterious sound could proceed. By a mere chance the fault was found. One of the cranks was loose on the shaft and we could not continue until such a serious fault had been put right. The engineers shook their heads and set to work without delay. Disabled, we lay adrift, but the weather kept fine. Far off a full-rigged vessel passed at a good speed--how we did envy her! Two bolts from opposite sides were driven through the crank and into the shaft, but this work which took a whole day proved futile. The engine worked silently some few minutes, then the bolts were driven out by the rotation and we had to stop again. A new dodge was tried; a bolt of steel being driven right through crank and shaft and clenched at both ends. The weather had changed and we knew that we had gone south. The north-west wind was blowing very fresh; there was a high sea running and we might get a gale at any moment. On deck the crew was busy rigging yards on the short masts and making sails out of old tarpaulins so that we might get some way on the boat. Those who had nothing to do fished for albatrosses with a hook baited with a piece of meat. The repairs took a day and a half, but the bolt, one inch in diameter, held for one night only and then was literally cut into three pieces. There was now only the slight hope left that we could make a still thicker bolt and also replace the axle-journal, filling in the semicircular notches in crank and shaft, with a new one. If this did not hold, we could do nothing more. We could not get enough sail on to steer against wind and sea. Where would currents and waves bear us? Certainly not to South Georgia--we were already making jokes about our visit to Cape Town or to Australia. But long before that the sea would probably smash up the ship and drown us all!

Eager expectation could be read in all faces when the engines were once more set going. We were already at April 10 and ought to have been at our destination. Every five minutes we went to listen but no strange tunes were heard.

The storm came. Long enough had it threatened us. It was Easter Eve; and we took turns in balancing a big tureen in which the eggs for the traditional toddy were beaten up. Why should we abandon a good custom merely because of being on board a sick ship in the South Atlantic? The night was very uncomfortable. Our berths were situated just above the screw, which was revolving more in the air than in the water, and it was only because I was used to things of that sort that I was able to sleep. In the morning our yard hung naked, for the wind had robbed us of four of our five small sails. More than ever was it necessary that the engine should hold, and we did not venture to go at more than half speed. It felt like being on slippery ice and our anxiety increased when the fog came and with it the fear of icebergs, which according to the captain’s experiences might turn up at any moment.

[Illustration: THE NORWEGIAN FACTORY, SOUTH GEORGIA.]

[Illustration: SKOTTSBERG. LARSEN. ANDERSSON.

A MEETING IN SOUTH GEORGIA.]

Again the engines started to be noisy, the above-mentioned axle-journal threatened to creep out of position and had repeatedly to be driven in again. Should we reach our destination? Finally, on the 15th, the island came in sight. We had longed for it as if it were the Promised Land itself, and there it lay, the lonely isle, shining white, shimmering through the grey fogs! It proved impossible to reach Cumberland Bay the same day and we had to spend another pitch-dark night on an angry sea and with a wretched on-shore wind. The fear of drifting ashore made us work out from the coast, which soon disappeared in a blinding snow-storm. The easterly wind died, but we got a gale from the north-west instead, and in the morning made the pleasant discovery that we had driven past Cumberland Bay. We also understood by our course that we had passed across the dangerous Nansen-reef, where the _Fridtjof Nansen_ struck some years ago and went down like a stone, nine people losing their lives. A mere chance had saved us from sharing their fate. The wind was too stormy to permit of our beating up against it, and not until the next day did we see land again. The points grew familiar to me, and in bright sunshine we passed Mt. Duse and turned into the cove. It was seven years since--I remembered a virgin Pot Harbour with luxuriant tussock-grass and roaring sea-elephants. There is the point where we found the big pots and the old boat; a small observatory now stands there. Now the harbour lies quite open to the eyes. A strong smell of whale-oil mingles with the stink of the numerous carcasses on the shore where thousands of screaming gulls and cape-pigeons have an everlasting feast. Some buildings are seen on the shore at the foot of an abrupt mountain-wall; they are half hidden by boats, coal-heaps and oil-barrels; people are running to and fro, funnels smoke, a whistle gives a hoarse prolonged note----

* * * * *

South Georgia which is of about the size of the Swedish Island Gotland, extends between 54° and 55° S. lat. and 36° and 38° W. long. A look at a map of the world readily suggests the idea that the island is part of a sunken mountain-fold, running from the Andes over South Georgia, the South Sandwiches and Orkneys, to Graham Land. The geological survey to a certain degree confirms this opinion, but the great depths between the different links in this broken chain are difficult to explain.

South Georgia is a much folded steep mountain-ridge, running north-west to south-east and cut by deep inlets on both sides. Its height probably exceeds 6500 feet though only very few summits have been measured with exactitude. The impression of the island is wild, but grand: the mountains are very steep, the summits sometimes have a rather fantastic shape and everywhere eternal ice and snow stand out against the black slates. The interior is more or less covered by a mantle of ice, the flap of which hangs down into the valleys, often reaching the water in the innermost corner of an inlet. Their mouths are the oases in South Georgia, where the plant-world thrives and animals have found means of existence.

It cannot be expected that a land with the nature of South Georgia should have a mild climate. The variations in temperature are very slight; in the summer it is some centigrades above, in the winter some centigrades below zero--the average being a little lower than in the Falklands--and unsettled weather is the most prominent climatic feature here also, for the sunshine may be interrupted by a snow-storm, regardless of whether it is summer or winter. The strong south-westerly gales are terrible, nor are the local hurricanes less terrifying, rushing down the glaciers almost without a warning and threshing the water into a thick white smoke looking like fog at a distance. The annual fall of snow and rain is large. During the winter snow mostly falls, sometimes forming a continuous covering thick enough to hide even the tussock-grass. This is the same fine plant that we met with in the Falklands, but in South Georgia it everywhere puts its mark on the coastal region; on the shingles there is a nice and uniform covering, but on the steep slopes it grows patchwise and shows great gaps where it looks as if it had slid down and landed in disorder on the debris below. The tussock-grass must take the place of both trees and bushes in South Georgia. It ends rather suddenly inland and is replaced by a scanty meadow-or grass-tundra, where some insignificant flowers are also seen. The cryptogamic plants play a more prominent part and are of great interest, as many of them have only been found here. South Georgia is the Juan Fernandez of mosses.

The flora of the sea is also very remarkable and indeed it was this that made me undertake a second expedition to the remote island. Most people are more attracted by animal life. The place of honour is held by the sea-elephant (_Macrorhinus leoninus_). It is the largest seal living, a plump, yellow-brown creature anything up to twenty feet long; only the old males reach this length, the females being much smaller and more slender. The name refers to the faculty of the male of blowing his nose into a short trunk when angry. This remarkable animal, of a distinctly ancient type, is confined to some islands in the south and has greatly decreased in number. It will probably prove necessary for the English authorities to forbid hunting him on South Georgia. I was told that American sealers do a good deal of poaching on the west side of the island. Other kinds of seals are also found, especially the sea-leopard (_Ogmorhinus leptonyx_); but the southern fur-seal (_Arctocephalus australis_) seems to be extinct here. Bird life is abundant. Most of the species are oceanic; cape-pigeons and petrels have their nests round the black peaks, and on small “tussock-islands” the largest bird of the oceans, the big albatross (_Diomedea exulans_) breeds. Two species of penguins have small rookeries, amongst them the king-penguin, hardly less magnificent than his imperial cousin of the Antarctic. But one is still more attracted by the small land-birds, the edible teal duck (_Querquedula Eatoni_) and the small titlark (_Anthus antarcticus_), remarkably enough endemic in the island, merrily hopping about round the streams.

In a short while we were moored alongside the quay. Larsen’s stout figure appeared; I had heard that after his visit to the South Sandwich Islands, he had been taken seriously ill. Now he looked himself again, and we slapped each other’s backs properly. In the dwelling-house another old acquaintance received me, the cook of the _Antarctic_, Axel Andersson, who stayed in his kitchen, day in and day out, during the long severe winter on Paulet Island in biting cold, half choked by the nauseous smoke from the blubber. A remarkable encounter indeed; three old comrades re-united after seven years on one of the places where they had camped together. The place had changed more than we; I hardly knew Pot Harbour with its shores spoilt and its air polluted. With great satisfaction we found the low land to be free of snow, and the first excursion gave good results. Judge of our surprise when the winter suddenly arrived! It snowed day and night, and did not stop until the ground was covered by snow, two feet deep, under which the plants remained out of reach. We comforted ourselves with the fervent hope that the snow would melt within a few days, and I started to work on the seaweeds, for here the snow could not hinder me. The results obtained gave me reason to be contented with the journey, in spite of the prophecy of mild weather never coming true, for it was not a passing snow-storm, but the long winter that had come in earnest. It is obvious that Quensel could hardly make any geological observations, but there was no help for it. Our good luck had at last abandoned us.

Larsen was kind enough to put a steamer, originally purchased to tow whales with, at our disposal for a trip round the fiords, but we put it off as long as we could hope to get suitable weather. Waiting, however, seemed hopeless and we set out. On April 24 the _Undine_ left Pot Harbour--seven years earlier, also in Cumberland Bay the Swedish Antarctic Expedition had celebrated the deed of the _Vega_. It was the first fine day since our arrival. The island lay there, radiant in all its Antarctic beauty, with every summit clear and sharp. We steered out to the sea and then followed the coast for some distance, making a visit to the so-called Strömnaes fiord. There were three whaling steamers belonging to a Tönsberg Company, laid up for the winter. Larsen’s company was all but alone on the island at that date, and the only one with a land station by means of which it is possible to make far more out of the whales than by floating boilers. They all come from Norway to spend the favourable season. According to Larsen there is already to be noticed a certain decrease in the number of whales, and by-and-by the Governor of the Falklands will have to regulate the whaling in some manner or the Colony will lose an important part of its income. Whalers have now reached the Antarctic Islands also and there are stations on the South Orkneys and also on Deception Island, the famous old crater.

We continued north along the coast, passed the entrances of several fiords and entered the Bay of Isles. The fine weather was gone again, an easterly gale and snow and fog came after us at a gallop, and we anchored at the very last moment before an impenetrable mist had hidden land and water from us. Had not Captain Angell been so familiar with all corners here, the night would have been rather unpleasant. The _Undine_, which is built on very elegant lines and makes good speed, was once Queen Victoria of England’s pleasure-yacht; in her declining years she still bears evidence of having seen better days. The large saloons and cabins with their real mahogany fittings tell us that we are not on board a common tug.

The bad weather continued, but we were able to spend the next day on shore. At night the wind increased, and in the morning we had terrible weather with a mixture of rain, snow, and hail. However, we resolved to set out and came out in the heavy sea round Cape Buller. Just before nightfall we ran into a shallow bay, called by the Norwegian whalers Rightwhale Cove. The wind grew more and more squally, a menacing bank of leaden clouds gathered in a westerly direction and the night was indeed anything but pleasant. We had two anchors out and the engines ready, but every now and then the captain went on deck to have a look at the situation, for the hurricane was so terrible and the strains on the chains so violent, that every moment we expected to see them break. In the morning the same conditions prevailed, and it was hardly possible to stand on deck. Through the white foam we heard the roaring of the sea-elephants in the tussock, but could not see them nor get the least glimpse of land, in spite of being so near. Now and then came a sharp and sudden snow-squall. It was a pity that we had not got an anemometer; the iron-rail round the bridge was bent by the pressure of the canvas, which perhaps gives an idea of the velocity of the wind. Down in the saloon we read or played cards and looked at the barographer, the index of which jumped a couple of millimetres at a time. In the evening the weather improved and we had a tolerably calm night. But alas! our time was up; we expected that the _Cachalote_ would be ready to leave and with sore hearts we had to abandon our schemes of visiting the west coast. Settled good weather could not be expected, so although another snowstorm came on we left the harbour, and made for the station. The fog was so dense that after half an hour we had lost every landmark and wondered how we should find our way back. Then, as if by magic, the fog lay behind us like a wall and we were out in the sunshine. We found ourselves outside Strömnaes Bay and were soon back in Pot Harbour.

During our absence the three small steamers had been out fishing and got several whales, two of them right whales (_Balaena australis_), but once more the cutting-up decks were empty and it looked as if we should leave South Georgia without having seen whale-fishing. The weather was still miserable and the _Cachalote_ had soon taken in her cargo. But then prospects lightened. On the last of April the steamers were out again and came back in the night with one right whale and some humpbacks, and at once we made up our minds to go with one of them as many whales were reported forty miles from the coast. Hurriedly we took our oilskins and climbed on board, and the next moment the _Karl_ started. She is a modern whaler, built of steel and specially constructed for the purpose; in comparison with her size (about 150 tons), the engines and winches may be described as very powerful. In the bows is the short, thick gun; it is loaded, and the point of the harpoon, where the shell is, protrudes from the mouth. From there a strong hawser goes down into the hull, where innumerable fathoms lie neatly coiled ready to run out.

From the mast-head single whales are seen blowing, but it is not worth while going after them, if one is sure that there is a school further out. Now we catch sight of one of the other steamers. With the glasses we see that her line is taut; evidently there is a fish on the hook, and soon we are amidst the school. Monsters dive up everywhere, swimming in long files, blowing and snorting, a little more of the fat shining back is seen, for an instant the “hump” is above water and then the beast disappears. They come and go all round, not the least disturbed by our presence; the water is thick with their food, small crustaceans and other marine organisms, and they are not inclined to leave their good feeding-grounds, for they do not understand that the “steel-whales” are armed to the teeth and are only waiting for a chance to spread death and destruction among them.

[Illustration: HUMPBACK WHALE, UPSIDE DOWN, SOUTH GEORGIA.]

[Illustration: THREE RIGHT WHALES. SOUTH GEORGIA.]

Now we open the ball. The small, bearded “gunner,” who is also captain of the ship, takes up his position behind the gun. Three big humpbacks come swimming obliquely towards us: “Stop ... hard port ... slow ahead!” With a steady hand he sights and fires the gun--shell and harpoon are buried in the shining back--a sudden jerk and the rope runs out at a tremendous speed! As he dives the whale sends a cloud of blood from his nostrils; then a dull report is heard, the shell has burst, and soon he rises to the surface dead. As the shot is fired the fuse of the shell takes fire and burns, casting the sparks backwards for four seconds; then a spark reaches the charge, which instantly explodes and kills the whale, if the shot is a good one. Naturally it is important that the shell does not explode too early. The animal is hauled in under the bows; a chain is fixed round the caudal fin and the beast is hauled up to the gunwhale. The rope of the harpoon is cut and so are the big wings of the fin, for they would check the ship’s speed too much. A mark is put at the edge of the fin indicating that only _one_ harpoon has been used; the harpooner sets his private mark, the chain is fixed properly, the tail lowered, and we are ready for another shot. Meanwhile we have been able to follow the movements of the other steamer on the battle-field, and this is not less interesting. They have got another whale, but did not manage him and he is swimming at quite a fair speed towing the vessel behind him. They disappear in the fog, and come out again after a while. The beast has still got strength left and, snorting blood, he joins two others and tries to keep up with them, but at last tires, is hauled within range and a second harpoon finishes him on the spot.

We set to work again and got another whale before dark. With a nice fish on each bow we turn back. Both are humpback whales (_Megaptera_); we have seen both blue and fin-whales, but were not equipped with ropes strong enough to hold them. They are not generally killed by one harpoon, but often run out the line to the end and set off at a tremendous speed, mad with rage. It sometimes happens that one must cut the line after a wild chase of several hours.

The day’s catch is worth about £160, but had we got out sooner the sum would have been double. There are days when all the steamers come in with four whales each; that means money, and the harpooner has reason to be satisfied, too, as for every full-grown humpback he gets ten crowns extra; if it is a right whale he puts one hundred crowns in his pocket. But a good right whale is worth five or six hundred pounds. This species is nearly related to the big Balaena of the north. Its great value lies in the baleens which are from six to eight feet long.

Night has come and we must try to find the station. The snow-fog is very thick, the moonlight cannot penetrate it. We have two whales to tow and progress is slow. Sometimes we lie down on a sofa, trying to sleep, but soon curiosity drives us out again to look at the weather. It is still snowing, and pitch dark--better to sleep, if we can, in spite of the heavy rolling.

I wake up as the engines stop and go out on deck to look. We are close on the shore, a mountain wall rises over our heads and all round there are masses of kelp. The captain does not know where we are, but after a while he realises that we have come too far south. We back out again and change our course, old landmarks appear, well-known snow-patches, and soon we are back in Pot Harbour which is asleep in the silent winter-night. It is 3.30 A.M. when we plunge into the snowdrifts to reach the house. Who knows if we should have gone to bed earlier had we been in Upsala. Yesterday it was May 1.[1] And a rather original one too!

[Footnote 1: At the Swedish universities May 1 is a day of great feasting and rejoicing.]

The whales are moored round buoys and jetties. Most of them belly-up, showing the long, peculiar furrows. Some are so filled with gases that they look like balloons ready to burst. Now comes the slicing and stripping. Tail first they are winched up on to the cutting-up stage, where some men provided with long-handled knives, are ready to receive them. First the curious crustaceans--which live in their houses on the whale, profiting from his rich hunting-ground--must be plucked off; they are fine large colonies of Balanids, leading a very easy and comfortable life. Slice after slice of blubber is cut off, the fat round the intestines and the tongue are also taken, as well as the gigantic cheek-bones. The meat is edible if not very delicious. The blubber is sent to a machine which cuts it into thin slices, and then it is carried into the big tanks, where it is boiled down to oil for twenty-four hours. The cheekbones are sawn up and put into a closed tank, where steam under high pressure is sent in; the water is drawn off and the oil collected. The baleens are treated in a special house. They are well washed in a small stream, are scraped and brushed, dried, polished and packed into bags.

On May 4 the _Cachalote_ was ready--as ready as she could get. The engineers had done all they could, but any day the new bolt might give, and Larsen dared not send the steamer alone to Buenos Aires, but let the _Undine_ accompany her. It was a long journey as we had bad weather at first. It was very pleasant to stand on the bridge looking at the _Undine_, for she rolled so heavily that we sometimes could see the keel. Quensel had not felt very comfortable in the stern of the _Cachalote_ and preferred to go by the other steamer, where he got a berth amidship, but nothing could make us leave our old vessel with her excellent kitchen. The table of the _Undine_ was very simple. One day we killed a fat goose and by means of signal-flags the passengers of the _Undine_ were invited to come on board and have dinner with us. In order to annoy them we also signalled the word “goose.” Come they could not, for it was impossible to put a boat off. They answered us very impolitely!

After some days the engines began to give trouble and we tried to get a hawser on board the _Undine_, but failed owing to the heavy sea. She was to tow us when repairing. The next afternoon we repeated the experiment with better success. On May 14 land was seen, and the day after we were moored in the Boca, one of Buenos Aires suburbs, and I dare say all of us felt pleased that the somewhat adventurous passage had come to a happy conclusion.

In Buenos Aires we had to wait some time before there was a Swedish steamer. Halle came back from his journey; he had not been troubled by snow or storm, and was pleased with everything. On May 23 we went on board the _Crown Princess Victoria_, belonging to the Johnson Line. We had a delightful run and shall always remember the captain, Mr. Camp, the officers and crew, with feelings of deep gratitude. It was agreeable to get a good rest under a tropical sun after so much hard work. But better than anything we had experienced in our various travels, was the perfume of the young birch trees from the Scandinavian skerries, which came in sight on June 21. On that same day we arrived in Christiania, and by different routes the members of the expedition hastened to their homes in Sweden.

INDEX

Acevedo, Captain P., 297

Acigami, Lake, 300; boat excursion on, 301; high summits west of, 301

Aconcagua, Mount, 132; river journey along, 129

Adalbert Channel, passing through, 87

Adam, Mount, ascent of, 21

Admiralty Inlet, nature of, 38

Albatross Channel, passing through, 87

Albatrosses, fishing of, 315

Alerce, 108

Allardyce, W. L., ix. 3, 31

Allen, A. L., x.

Allen Gardiner Bay, visit to, 303

_Alm_, steamer, 90

_Alstrœmeria_, 210

Ancud, aspect of, 106; cathedral, 108; harbour, 106; plaza, 108; schools, 107

Andersson, A., 320

Andersson, J. G., vii. 40, 303, 306, 307, 308

Andersson, K., 300

Andrew Sound, visit to, 87

Anita Channel, narrow passage in, 82

Antarctic Expedition, 40

_Anthus antarcticus_, 320

Antiguos River, adventurous descent to, 216

Arauco district, geological survey in, 126

Arauz Bay, seeking refuge in, 74

_Arctocephalus australis_, 320

Argentino, Lake, boat excursion on, 272; icebergs, 277; storms, 275, 276

_Aristotelia magui_, 137

Armadillo, 209

Arrayán, 195

Asado, 43, 169

Aspero, Mount, ascent of, 235

_Auchenia huanaco_, 42

Aysen Valley, 193; excursion to the Pacific, 194; roads, 193, 194

Azara, Lake, boat excursion on, 234

_Azara lanceolata_, 195

Azopardo River, camping at, 39; canvas boat on, 57

Azopardo Valley, 41

Baguales Mountains, South Patagonia, crossing of, 267

Baguales Range, Aysen Valley, crossing of, 194

Bahia del Padre, visit to, 143

Baker Company, 86

Baker Inlet, visit to, 86

Baker, River, crossing of, 239; sources, 225

_Balæna australis_, 324

Balanids on whales, 327

Baleens, treatment of, 328

Bamboo, 115, 196

Bariloche, visit to, 162; departure from, 165

Barrow Cove, visit to, 298

Bay of Isles, visit to, 322

Beagle Channel, ancient shore-lines in, 305; glaciers, 299; nature of east part, 305; of west part, 299, 311

Belgrano, Lake, camping on, 229; boat excursion, 233; nature of, 233; shallow part, 237

Benney, Messrs., x. 21

_Berberís buxifolia_, 56; _Darwinii_, 115

Berthon boats, excursions with, 41, 45, 247

Bertrand, R., x.

Betbeder Valley, survey of, 40, 51

Billing, J., 127

Bismarck Glacier, remarkable nature of, 273

Blanco, Mount, 236 (west of Lake Belgrano); 287 (west of Payne)

_Blechnum magellanicum_, 84

Boklund, Mr., 133

Bolus, Mr., x. 25

Bordes, J., 75, 77, 79, 87

Brand, Mr., 190

Brecknock Passage, 298

Bridges, Th., 302

Bridges, W., 40, 306

Brockow, C., 33

Brookes, Mr., 205

Brunel, A., 263

Bueno, Point, 89; Indians in, 84

Buenos Aires, Lake, visit to, 206; Mount, ascent of, 266

Buller, Cape, 322

Burbury, T., 268, 271, 278

Cabeza del Mar, nature of, 295

_Cachalote_, steamer, 313; damage to, 314

“Calafate,” 56

Calbuco, volcano, 158

Cameron, A., 271

Camp, V., 329

_Campsidium chilense_, 99

“Canelo,” 56

Cangrejo River, camping at, 260

_Canis Azaræ_, 279; _falklandicus_, 13

Caracoles, railway station, 130

Carbón River, valley of, 243

_Casma_, steamer, 134

Castillo farm, visit to, 268

Castro, appearance and history of, 117

Cattle, Mr., 265

Centinela, Mount, 221; valley of, 267

_Cereus_, 128

Chacao Channel, 106

Chaigneau, F., 33

Chalía River, sources of, 199

Challenger Expedition, 30

“Charqui” (dried meat), 111

Chasm Reach, echo in, 87

“Chaura,” 56

“Chicha,” 110

Chilcas River, camping at, 213

Chile, central valley of, 128; longitudinal railway, 133; national feast, 132

Chilean money, fluctuation of, 296

_Chiliotrichum diffusum_, 245

Chiloé, bullock-carts, 115; Catholic church, 107; culture of potatoes, 114; excursions on horseback, 111; flamingos, 113; forests, 115; history, 104; life in, 110; nature, 109; oysters, 112; roads, 108, 111, 115; valuable timber, 108; whaling, 112

Chilotes, character of, 109

_Chloëphaga_, 28, 44

Chubut River, crossing of, 175

_Chusquea colihue_, 115; _quila_, 115

“Ciruelillo,” 196

Cisnes Valley, excursion into, 188

Ciudad de los Césares, 151

Clarke, Mr., 180

Cobb, F. E., ix.

Cochamó Company, 184

Cochayuyo, 110

_Colihue_, 115, 196

Compañía, Argentina de Pesca, 313; comercial y Ganadera Chile-Argentina, 156, 172; industrial del Rio Aysen, 193

Concepcion, visit to, 126

Condor, 50, 244

_Condor_, steamer, 298

Consuelo Harbour, visit to, 288

Contreras, Mount, 268

“Copihue,” 84, 254

_Corcolén_, 195

Corcovado Gulf, volcanoes, 113, 122; Mount Corcovado, landing at, 123

Corintos River, crossing of, 181

Coronel, visit to, 126

Corral, visit to, 125

Cox, G., 153

Coyaike bajo, visit to, 193

_Crown Princess Victoria_, steamer, returning on, 329

_Ctenomys magellanicus_, 189

Cuarenta Dias Harbour, visit to, 79

Cumberland Bay, 317

Curtis, Mr., 129

Cutter Cove, visit to, 63

Cypress, 84

Dafonte, Mr., 310

Darwin, Ch., 30, 75, 105, 120, 144, 152, 299, 308

Darwin Glacier, 300; Harbour, 28

_Dasypus minutus_, 209

Dawson Island, visit to mission station, 35

Day, R., 183

Deseado, Lake, excursion to, 37; River, nature of, 212

Diaz Palacios, Lake, 62

_Diomedea chlororhyncha_, 16; _exulans_, 320

Donoso, Mount, ascent of, 281

Douglas Bay, visit to mission station, 302

Dreyfus, Mr., 112

_Drimys Winteri_, 43

_Duc d’Aumale_, sailing vessel, 15

Dun, Mr., 193

_Durvillea_, 9, 110

Dusén, P., 156

Eberhard, H., 288, 291

Edwards, Port, 311

Ekdahl, G., 127

_Embothrium coccineum_, 196

_Empetrum rubrum_, 51

English-Argentine Land Company, 176

English Harbour, landing in, 142

English Narrows, 85

_Escallonia_, 250

Escarpada Island, old Indian camp on, 66

Esguel Mountains, 180

Espersen, Mr., 205

_Eudyptes chrysocome_, 16; remarkable track of, 17

Evangelistas Islands, landing on, 80; nature of, 81

Excelsior Sound, Indian portage in, 101

Fagnano, Lake, appearance of, 42; arrival at, 43; boat trip on, 54; camp at, 47; depth of, 57; history of exploration, 34; return from, 58; road past, 306

Falkland Islands, albatross rookery, 16; alpine plants, 21; bishop, 4; boggy ground, 29; climate, 5, 21, 23; climate during Ice Age, 17; fossil forest, 18; foxes, 13; history, 22, 30; lack of trees, 6, 17; marine life, 8, 9; mountainous district, 21; nature, 6, 10; origin of stone-runs, 18; outlying islands, 13, 14; penguin rookery, 16; position, 2; riding in, 19, 24, 27, 30; sheepfarming, 20; shepherds, 20; tidal currents, 11, 12, 22; tussock grass, 7, 16; wild cattle, 12

Falkland Island Company, 4

Fallos Channel, 87

_Felis concolor_, 203

Felix Lighthouse, 90

Felton, A., x. 15

Fenix River, 207; vegetation at, 210; water-divide of, 212

Ferrier, W., 280, 285, 286

Fitzroy’s excursion in Patagonia, 152

Fitzroy Channel, 65

_Fitzroya Patagonica_, 108

Flach, C., 185

Foley, Ch., x. 28

Fonck, C., 153

Fontaine River, survey of valley, 44

Fósiles River, floating soil at sources, 244; geological discoveries at, 245; mountain pass, 245

Fortuna, Port, 298

Fox Bay, visit to, 25

Frank, S., 246

Fria, Laguna, 160

Frias Valley, excursion into, 188

Frio, Lago, 274

Froward, Cape, 63, 311

_Fuchsia magellanica_, 65

Fuhr, K., 263

_Furcifer chilensis_, 189

Furlong, Ch., 307

Gable Island, fossils on, 306

Gajardo Channel, survey in, 69, 70

Gajardo, T., 62

Galapagos Islands, 144

Gallant, Port, Indians in, 77

Gardiner, H., 152

Gesa Inlet, discovery of, 289

Gio River, camping at, 221

Girling, W. C., ix. 2

Glacier Sound, 299

_Glossopteris_, 27, 312

_Glossotherium_, 290

Gomez, Port, visits to, 38, 61

Granfelt, G., 126

Grappler, Port, Indians in, 84, 85

de Grey, Lake and River, 286

Guanaco, 42, 52, 208; curiosity of, 220; large herds, 179, 191; tracks, 41, 45, 219

Guia Narrows, Indians in, 84

_Gunnera peltata_, 139

Guyon, Mr., 66

Gyldén, O., 1

Halle, J. G., viii.

Harberton Harbour, visit to, 306, 310

Harding, W., ix. 4, 27

“Harina tostada,” 111

Hatcher Expedition, 155, 242

Hauthal, R., 155, 273

Herrera, Mr., 304

Hielo, River, 286; sources of, 287

Hill Cove, settlement in, 19

Hogberg, C., 240, 247

Holdich, Sir J., 155

Hooker, Sir J. D., 30

Hope Bay, camping in, 38, 59

Hoste Island, 303

Howard, Port, 24

Huafo Island, excursion to, 118; forests on, 119; gales, 118, 120; wild dogs, 119

Huapiguilan Islands, 118, 120

Huemul, first encounter, 189; hunting, 218, 226; tameness, 220, 283

_Huemul_, steamer, 33, 60, 62, 65; aground, 72; damaged, 73

Huilliches, 105

Hülphers, H., 286

Hush Indians, 307

_Hymenophyllum_, 66, 139

Icy Reach, drifting ice in, 85

Inca Lake, 130

Indians of Patagonian Channels, appearance, 92; food, 95; future, 103; garments, 94; habits, 93, 94; industry, 94, 97; language, 102; polygamy, 97; portages, 101; travels, 99, 100; weapons, 96

Indian canoe, construction of, 91, 99

Indian interpreter, 77

Inocentes Channel, 85

Jeinemeni Valley, difficult passage, 217

Jerome Channel, nature of, 63; nightly passage, 73

Johow, F., 139

Jones, Mr., 162

Joya, Lake, 235

Juan Fernandez Islands, arrival at, 135; first appearance, 135; history of discovery, 146; lobsters, 147; magui, 137; palm trees, 138; remarkable flora, 137; sandal tree, 141; situation, 134

_Juania australis_, 138

Juncal, railway station, 129

Kachaik, Mount, aspect of, 258

_Karl_, steamer, hunting whales on, 324

Kelpgeese, 44

Kentish Islands, 88

King, Cape, 82

Koslowsky Valley, 201

Krüger, P., 155

Laccolites in the Andes, 236, 282

Lacteo River, 237

Lafonia, district, nature of, 27

_Lafonia_, schooner, 10, 13, 25, 27

Landgren, T., 122

Lapataia, visit to, 300

Larson, C. A., 313, 320, 321

_Larus Scoresbyi_, 28

Las Cuevas, railway station, 131

Laurel, 108, 195

_Laurelia serrata_, 195

Lebu, 126

Lehmann-Nietsche, R., 307

Lelej, English farm, 176, 178

Leña dura, 286

León, F., 152

Leona River, 261; bare landscape near, 262

_Lessonia_, 19, 22

_Libocedrus chilensis_, 162; _tetragona_, 84, 108, 121

Lista, R., 154

Lista Valley, aspect of, 241

Llanguihue Province, colonisation in, 157

Los Amigos, stay at, 65

Los Andes, visit to, 128, 132

Lota, famous pack in, 126

Löwenborg, A., 33, 129

Löwenborg Lake, 53

Luche, 110

Luma, 108

Lundberg, Mr. (Koslowsky Valley), 205

Lundberg, Mr. (Lapataia), 300

_Macrocystis_, 10, 79

_Macrorhinus leoninus_, 319

Maldonado, R., 116

Mañiú, 84, 195

Mañiuales River, excursion to, 195

Margueirat, F., 297

Maria, Mount, ascent of, 24

_Marsippospermum grandiflorum_, 94

Martial Mountains, aspect of, 305

Masafuera Island, ascent of, 144; flora, 144, 146; future, 148; penal settlement, 147; topography, 144, 146; wild goats, 144

Masatierra Island, topography of, 136, 138

Mascardi, Father, mission journeys of, 152

Mascarello River, 42; camping at, 46

Mata Blanca, 245

Maté, 49

Mathews, Mr., x. 24

Mayer, Mr., 39

Mayer River, 242

Mayo River, boggy ground along, 199

Maytén, farm, 175

_Maytenus magellanica_, 286

_Megaptera_, 326

Merino, J. E., 117

Meseta Chalia, difficult crossing of, 199

Meseta Guenguel, pass across, 206

Meseta del Viento, crossing, 259

Messier Channel, 85

_Meteoro_, steamer, 76

Miguens, A., 181

Miller, Mr., x.

Mogole, Lake, 236

Montt, J., 75, 127

Moreno, F. P., 153, 212

Morro Chico, stopping at, 292

Moyano, Mr., 153

_Mulinum spinosum_, 167

Müller, F., 49, 54

Murray Narrows, 302

Musters, G., 153

Mylodon Cave, visit to, 289, 291

_Myrcengenia apiculata_, 195

_Myrtus luma_, 108

Nahuelhuapi, Lake, 161

Navarin Island, 302

Ñire, 41

Ñirehuao Valley, excursions in, 191

Ñires River, camping at, 241

Nordenskiöld, E., 290

Nordenskjöld, O., 40, 289

Ñorquinco, last telegraph office, 172

_Nothofagus antarctica_, 41, 65, 89; _betuloides_, 43; _pumilio_, 51, 64

Obstruction Sound, Indian road to, 101

_Ogmorhinus leptonyx_, 319

Olivia, Mount, 305

Ona Indians, 306

Orange Bay, visit to, 308

_Oravia_, steamer, 1, 2

_Oronsa_, steamer, 31

Osborne, Mr., 13

Osorno volcano, 157

Otway Station, visit to, 293

Otway Water, nature of, 64

Pacheco Island, 82

Packe, V., x.

Packsaddle Bay, visit to, 304

Pagels, A., 34, 62, 150, 162

_Palinurus frontalis_, 147

Pampa Chica, stay at, 184

Pascua River, 249

Patagonia, alpine flora, 220; boundary dispute, 154; camping in, 169, 170; cedars, 162; dryness of, 187; equipment for voyage in, 163; forests in, 182, 195, 234; foxes, tameness of, 279; fur trade, 208; history of discoveries, 151, 154; horses, 163; hospitality, 184; journey planned, 150; lamb-marking, 192; life of peons, 177; ostriches, 179; rapid changes of temperature, 211; salt-lagoons, 18; solifluction, 200; swamps, 198; table-mountains, 188; thefts of horses, 174; water-birds, 187, 213; vegetation of pampas, 107, 182, 203

Patagonian Channels, animal life in, 83; forests, 84; glaciers, 299; latitudinal changes of vegetation, 84; meeting Indians in, 82, 84, 85; nature, 83; scenery, 78; traffic, 84; weather, 79, 83; western passage, 85

Patagonian skerries, nature of, 79

Payne, Mount, ascent of, 282; aspect of, 280; geology, 282, 284

Pearce, J., 8

Peel Inlet, survey in, 88; possibility of crossing inland ice to, 287

Pembroke lighthouse, 7, 8

Penas Gulf, visit to, 85

Peninsula, Lake, 236

Perez-Rosales Pass, crossing of, 160

_Pernettya mucronata_, 56

Peulla, arrival in, 159; forests round, 161

Pico River, visit to German settlement, 188

Pillar cactus, 128

Pitt Channel, bad anchorage in, 87

_Philesia buxifolia_, 84, 254

Philippi, F., 141

Philippi, R. A., 153

Philomel, Port, 11

_Poa flabellata_, 16

_Podocarpus nubigena_, 84

Poncho, 107, 129, 164

Popper, J., 309

Port Egmont, old settlement in, 22

Port Louis, 30

Port Stanley, life in, 3

_Porvenir_, steamer, 296

Posadas, Lake, visit to, 222, 224

Pot Harbour, changes in, 317

Potrancas, rivulet, 242

Preston, Mr., 176

Primero de Mayo, 297

_Princess Ingeborg_, leave Sweden on, 1

Principio, Mount, camping at, 222

Pudeto River, voyage up, 113

Pudú, 115

Puerto Blest, 160; snowstorm in, 161

Puerto Montt, departure from, 156

Puerto Varas, 157

Pueyrredon, Lake, visit to, 222

Puma, 203

Punta Arenas, 32, 199, 312

Quebrada de las Casas, 144

Queen Adelaide group, 82

Quellon, visit to, 122

Quemado, Mount, camping at, 177

Quensel, P. D., viii.

_Querquedula Eatoni_, 320

Quila, 115

Quillango, 208

Ramirez, Chilean settlement, 83

Reeves, Mr., 259, 262

Reid, A., ix. 2

Resi Inlet, discovery of, 289

_Rhea_, 179

_Rhodostachys bicolor_, 115

Rio Grande, excursion to, 75

Robinson Crusoe, 135

Robinson’s Grotto, 143

Roble, 56, 64

Robles River, crossing of, 239

Roca, Lake, boat excursion on, 301

Rogberg, C., 1, 312

Rojas, B., 33, 62, 296

Rojas River, discovery of, 53

Romanche Bay, visit to, 299

Rosario, Lake, dangerous swamps near, 182

Roth, C., 159

Roth, S., 155

Roy Cove, settlement in, 15

Samuel Cove, visit to, 118

San Carlos, excursion to settlements, 29

San Clementi, Mount, 206

San Lorenzo, Mount, 236

San Martin, Lake, boat excursion on, 249; glaciers, 253, 255; icebergs, 249, 255; terrible squalls, 250, 252

San Pedro Island, 117; primeval forest, 120

San Valentin, Mount, 206

Santa Cruz River, crossing of, 264

_Santalum fernandezianum_, description of last specimen, 142

Santiago, Swedish colony in, 127

H.M.S. _Sappho_, arrival of, 31

Sarmiento Channel, 84

Sarmiento, Lake, remarkable nature of, 284

Sarmiento, Mount, 298

Saunders Island, visit to, 22

Saunders, Mr., 293

_Saxegothea conspicua_, 195

Schönmeyr, A., 127

Schönmeyr glacier, 255

Sea-elephant, 319, 323

Sea-leopard, 319

Selkirk, A., 139; commemoration tablet to, 140

Senguerr River, crossing of, 191

Sheep-dip, 247, 268

Shehuen, valley of, 259

Sixteenth October Valley, 180; rain-forests in, 182; Welsh Colony, 181

Skottsberg, C., viii.

Skottsberg, Lake, visit to, 283

Skunk, 260

Skyring Water, coal mines, 73; colonists, 66; fossils, 73; gales, 65; glaciers, 67, 68; history of discovery, 62; hydrography, 72; nature of, 67; travels of Indians, 66, 68

Slogget Bay, gold-digging in, 309; fossils in, 308; marine flora, 310

Smyth Channel, 84

Sociedad Esplotadora de Tierra del Fuego, 268, 271

_Solanum tuberosum_, 114

South Georgia, arrival in, 317; climate, 318; hunting whales, 325; hurricanes, 323; nature of, 318; vegetation, 319; voyage to, 314; whaling industry, 313, 321

South Patagonia, gold-digging in, 64; history of colonies, 269, 289

Steffen, H., 155

Stewart, Mr., 193

_Stipa_, 261

Svea, Mount, visit to, 51

_Tachyeres cinereus_, 47

Talkahuano, naval port, 126

Tar, Lake, swamps round, 258

Tecka River, 184

Tehuelches, 199, 237

Témpanos Narrows, strong tidal currents, 69

Témpanos, Port, discovery of, 89

Tepú, _Tepualia stipularis_, 96, 121

Thesleff, A., 155

_Thessalia_, steamer, 312

Tierra del Fuego, alpine flora, 50; arrival at, 38; bird life, 44, 47, 55; boundary dispute, 311; camp life, 48; equinoctial gales, 57; forests, 55; gold prospecting, 309; mission station, 35; mountain scenery, 45, 49; peat bogs, 42, 45; tertiary fossils, 75; weather, 43, 52, 55

Todos los Santos, Lake, 158

_Toro_, steamer, 117, 124

Transandino railway, 128; great tunnel, 130; wild life among labourers, 130

_Trichomanes_, 139

Tronador, Mount, excursion to, 160; glaciers with vegetation on, 160

Tropilla, 163

Troya Channel, 86

Tuco-tuco, 189

Tuco-tuco, rivulet, 241

Turbis River, 292

Ulloa, F., 104

Ultima Esperanza, visit to, 288; boat excursion from, 289; great caverns near, 291, 292

_Ulva_, 110

Underwood’s farm, stay in, 180

_Undine_, steamer, 321

Upsala glacier, survey near, 277

Usborne, Mount, ascent of, 29

Ushuaia, visit to, 304, 311

Uspallata Pass, crossing of, 130; statue of Christ in, 131

Vacas Mountains, 241

Valdivia, visit to, 126

Valdivia, P., 104

_Valdivia_, steamer, 116

Valdivieso Mountains, 40; discovery of pass across, 53

Valenzuela, F., 296

Valparaiso, visit to, 127

Ventisqueros Inlet, survey in, 68

_Verbena_, 210

Verde, Mount, 40

_Veronica elliptica_, 13

_Vestfold_, steamer, 124, 127

Viedma, Lake, visit to, 261

Viel Channel, first encounter with channel Indians, 82

Warrah River, excursion in valley of, 23, 24

Westpoint Island, nature of, 15

Whales, blue, 326; fin, 326; humpback, 326; right, 324; whale-oil, 327

Whaleboat Sound, 298

Whaling steamers, 324

Wickham Heights, 29

Winter’s Bark, 43, 56, 66

Wollaston Islands, vegetation of, 304

Woodsworth Bay, beautiful waterfall in, 90

Worsley Sound, 289

Yahgan Indians, disappearance of, 101; encounter with, 302, 303; mussel-banks of, 301

_Yegua Madrina_, 163

Yelcho River, excursion in valley of, 123

Yerba, 49

Zapallar, visit to, 132

Zapato, Mount, 287

Zeballos River, camping at, 219; mountain scenery east of, 220

PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE & COMPANY LTD TAVISTOCK STREET COVENT GARDEN LONDON

[Illustration: MAP OF SOUTH AMERICA SOUTH OF 41°

SHOWING THE ROUTE OF Dᴿ SKOTTSBERG’S EXPEDITION

SCALE 1:3000000]

Telegrams: 41 and 43 Maddox Street, “Scholarly, London.” Bond Street, London, W. Telephone: No. 1833 Mayfair. _September, 1911._

Mr. Edward Arnold’s LIST OF NEW BOOKS, Autumn, 1911.

MEMOIRS AND LETTERS OF THE RIGHT HON. SIR ROBERT MORIER, G.C.B., FROM 1826-1876.

Edited by His Daughter, Mrs. ROSSLYN WEMYSS

_In Two Volumes. With Portraits. Demy 8vo._ =32s. net.=

These two volumes of the Memoirs and Letters of a very eminent diplomatist are of intense value, not only from a literary, but also from an historical point of view, containing as they do a most graphic and lucid description of the various events that went to make up the history of Germany from 1853 to 1876. The matters that led to the War of Schleswig-Holstein are dealt with in a vivid and interesting fashion, and with a clarity which will enable the reader to understand many points that have hitherto seemed obscure. The story of the struggle for supremacy in Germany, and for German Unity, and of the Franco-German War, is set forth impartially and without prejudice by one who witnessed critical events from the inside.

Subjects of the most vital interest--as, for instance, the war scare of 1875, the spread of European Liberalism, etc.--are dealt with by Sir Robert Morier in his correspondence in a style which must appeal to anyone at all interested in the European history of the past century. The distinguished diplomatist’s views upon the Foreign Office, the Emperor William I., and Bismarck, are given in a series of letters to various correspondents all over the world, among whom we may mention Jowett, Sir Louis Mallet, Lady Derby, and the Emperor Frederick. The friends and acquaintances of Sir Robert Morier’s youth--Froude, Tennyson, and other eminent contemporaries--are portrayed with a skilful pen.

NUTS AND CHESTNUTS.

By the Hon. L. A. TOLLEMACHE, AUTHOR OF “OLD AND ODD MEMORIES.”

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =2s. 6d. net.=

A MEMOIR OF EDWARD CHARLES WICKHAM, DEAN OF LINCOLN, AND FORMERLY HEAD-MASTER OF WELLINGTON COLLEGE.

By Canon LONSDALE RAGG, RECTOR OF TICKENCOTE. AUTHOR OF “DANTE AND HIS ITALY,” “THE BOOK OF BOOKS,” ETC.

_With Illustrations. One Volume._ =7s. 6d. net.=

The interest of a life is not necessarily proportioned to its share of dramatic incident and adventure. Edward Charles Wickham was essentially a scholar and a student rather than a man of action: his life was almost exclusively academic--at Winchester, at New College, at Wellington College, and finally in the Deanery at Lincoln. But it was far from being in any sense a stagnant one. Wherever he went he bore with him the inspiration of a born reformer, combined with an enlightened reverence for the past like that which made his illustrious father-in-law, Mr. W. E. Gladstone, a thorough-going Conservative in certain departments. In accordance with what would certainly have been the Dean’s own wish, the Memoir has been kept within strictly modest limits, and a sparing use has been made of letters; but the record is enriched by reminiscences contributed by not a few of Wickham’s former associates, colleagues, and pupils. Mr. A. O. Prickard supplies an appreciation of Wickham’s contribution to Scholarship, and Dr. Lock an appreciation of his University Preaching. Dr. Wickham’s singular gifts as a preacher are too well known to call for mention. Specimens of a few of his most notable sermons are given in an Appendix.

HANDLEY CROSS; OR, MR. JORROCKS’S HUNT.

Illustrated by CECIL ALDIN.

_In Two Volumes, with 24 Coloured Plates and about 100 Black-and-White Illustrations in the Text. The Ordinary Edition will be Royal 8vo., handsomely bound._ =21s. net.=

_Also a limited Edition de Luxe of 250 copies only for the British Empire, each Copy Numbered and Signed by the Artist._ =£3 3s. net.=

This is a complete edition of Surtees’ glorious work, illustrated by the one artist of the day who is pre-eminently fitted to do justice to it. The tale of the immortal Jorrocks and his Hunt is to-day the most popular classic work on fox-hunting, and Mr. Cecil Aldin is unquestionably the most popular sporting artist. He has entered heart and soul into the spirit of the work, and the excellence of his pictures proves that they were inspired by enthusiasm for his subject. The period is one that Mr. Aldin has made peculiarly his own, and while preserving the traditional representation of the characters, he has been able to give full play to his powers of depicting old-fashioned country scenes both indoors and in the open, especially, of course, those in the hunting-field. His strikingly original style brings out the full flavour of the famous book.

THE HORSE:

Its Origin and Development, combined with Stable Practice.

By Colonel R. F. MEYSEY-THOMPSON,

AUTHOR OF “A HUNTING CATECHISM,” “REMINISCENCES OF CAMP, COURSE, AND CHASE,” ETC.

_With Illustrations. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =15s. net.=

This work covers a large field of remarkable interest to all lovers of the horse. It is full of valuable matter, combined with sound advice. The volume commences with the horse in its earliest shape, and traces briefly its development down to the present time. Each breed has a special chapter devoted to it which has been submitted to the best known authorities in each department; and, amongst others, it may be mentioned that Lady Anne Blunt has kindly criticized the chapter upon Arabian Horses, while Mr. Hermon Biddell has done the same for Suffolk Punches, Mr. Walter Winans that on American Trotting Horses, and Mr. Alfred Withers has overlooked the account of Carriage Horses; in this way it is hoped the work may be regarded as authoritative on these subjects. The latter half of the book deals with Stable Practice, Simple Ailments and how to treat them, Breeding, Riding, Driving, Race-Riding, and Training Horses for the race-course and for hunting. Colonel Meysey-Thompson has had a lifetime’s experience in all these subjects, and is admirably qualified to deal with them.

THE PACIFICATION OF BURMA.

By Sir CHARLES CROSTHWAITE, K.C.S.I.,

CHIEF COMMISSIONER OF BURMA, 1887-1890; MEMBER OF THE COUNCIL OF INDIA, ETC.

_With Maps and Illustrations. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =16s. net.=

Sir Charles Crosthwaite succeeded the late Sir Charles Bernard as Chief Commissioner of Burma when that officer was compelled by sickness to leave the Province in March, 1887. From that date until December, 1890, he administered Burma, and he had every opportunity, therefore, of knowing what was done. The measures by which, in four years and in a country which has been described by a soldier as “one vast military obstacle,” order and law were established, are narrated. After the military measures, without which no attempt at a Civil Government would have been possible, the constitution of the Indian military police and the establishment on a legal basis of the indigenous village system were the chief means of restoring peace. These measures are explained, and the way in which order was gradually evolved out of confusion is told. Separate chapters deal with the Shan States, with the wild Chins on the West between Burma and Bengal, with the Kachins about Mogaung on the North, and the Red Karrus on the South-East.

MY ADVENTURES IN THE CONGO.

By MARGUERITE ROBY.

_With Numerous Illustrations and a Map. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =12s. 6d. net.=

This is a book that casts an entirely new light on the vexed question of Belgian rule in the Congo. The authoress travelled alone with black porters for hundreds of miles through the very districts in the Congo where the alleged Belgian atrocities have been taking place, and the results of her observations, as here set forth, put a somewhat startling complexion upon some views of the situation that have been commonly accepted hitherto.

Although the conclusions drawn by Mrs. Roby from her travels in Central Africa are such as to set all truly patriotic Britons thinking, this book is no mere political tract. On the contrary, it is a stirring human document, in which humour, pathos, adventure, and indomitable pluck stand out from every page.

The devotion of “Thomas,” the authoress’s black boy, who stood by her when everyone else had deserted her, and to whom on more than one occasion she owed her life; her desperate straits amongst mutinous porters who sought to kill her; her days and nights of raging fever, alone and delirious in the Bush; her big-game exploits; her experiences with savages who had never before clapped eyes on a white woman; these and innumerable other incidents combine to make this one of the most remarkable books ever penned by traveller.

The emotions of a lifetime are crowded into this record of a six-months’ trek through Darkest Africa.

A feature that makes the book still more fascinating is the series of splendid photographs taken by the authoress and her black boy during their hazardous journey.

THE WILDS OF PATAGONIA.

A Narrative of the Swedish Expedition to Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, and the Falkland Islands in 1907-1909.

By CARL SKOTTSBERG, D.Sc., etc.

_With Illustrations and Maps. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =15s. net.=

Three years after his return from the great Swedish Antarctic expedition in which he played so prominent a part, Dr. Carl Skottsberg, the distinguished naturalist and botanist, set forth once more, with two eminent fellow-scientists, Dr. Quensel and Dr. Halle, to explore the territories of Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, of which so little is known to the outside world. This “Swedish Magellanic Expedition,” as it was called, not only resulted in many valuable biological, botanical, and geological discoveries, but was also the means of supplying Dr. Skottsberg with the material upon which he has founded his book, “The Wilds of Patagonia.” Full of interest and excitement are the graphic accounts which the author gives in this volume of the various expeditions made by him in the Falkland Islands, of the hardships he endured in the unknown interior of Tierra del Fuego, of his constant exposure to wind and weather in the heart of Chile, of his visit to Robinson Crusoe’s romantic island, and his journeys across the Andes and through the Cordilleras. Dr. Skottsberg writes with humour as well as charm, and while the descriptions of his various adventures and misadventures are amusing as well as thrilling, his pen-pictures of South American scenery are striking and vivid. This book should appeal especially to the naturalist and the traveller, but cannot fail to prove a source of pleasure and interest to the general reader. Its attractive character is further enhanced by a number of illustrations from photographs taken by the author in the course of his travels.

BRITISH AND GERMAN EAST

AFRICA.

Their Economic and Commercial Relations.

By Dr. H. BRODE,

AUTHOR OF “TIPPOO TIB.”

_With a Map. One Volume, Demy 8vo._ =7s. 6d. net.=

In this book Dr. Brode graphically describes the growth and development of British and German territories in East Africa, gives most interesting details as to the trade of the country, the shipping and railway services, etc., and discusses the question of native taxation and the position of native labour. He deals at length with the agricultural position of East Africa, its natural products and resources, the education of its aboriginal inhabitants, and many other matters of paramount importance. The comparison which Dr. Brode draws between the administration and commercial methods and arrangements of Germany and Great Britain respectively is of the greatest possible interest to British readers, and the tables of statistics with which he supplements his arguments must prove of enormous value to all who seek for information on the subject of East Africa.

THE KING’S CARAVAN.

Across Australia in a Waggon.

By E. J. BRADY.

_With Illustrations and Map. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =12s. 6d. net.=

After attaining eminence in the musical and cricket worlds, Australia seems to be rapidly coming to the front in literature. The _Sydney Bulletin_ has for some time been the centre of a group of young Australian-born writers who bid fair to do their country great service by revealing its charms to the world at large through the medium of both poetry and prose. One of the strongest among them is Mr. Brady, whose volume announced above is the outcome of an adventurous driving tour he made a few years ago. Starting from Sydney in a light waggon, he made his way gradually to Townsville in the north of Queensland. The route he took--parallel with the coast, but for the most part some way inland--enabled him to visit all the places of importance on the way, and to study the conditions of life under great variations of climate. The result of his observations, given with much dry humour and interspersed with interesting yarns, will be a revelation to English readers, and probably very largely so to Australians. The trip was not without its dangers, for the veneer of civilization is in parts still somewhat thin, while there were also tornados, snakes, alligators, and the peculiarly Australian terror of getting lost.

FROM PILLAR TO POST.

By Lieut.-Colonel H. C. LOWTHER, D.S.O., M.V.O., SCOTS GUARDS.

_With Illustrations. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =15s. net.=

Colonel Lowther is already well known as a soldier and a diplomatist. He has held a commission in the Scots Guards for over twenty years, has served with distinction in the last South African War, and has held an important appointment in the Intelligence Department of the War Office. In 1905 he accompanied the Diplomatic Mission to Fez, and for the next four years filled the responsible position of Military Attaché at Paris, Madrid, and Lisbon. Colonel Lowther, who is a brother of the present Speaker of the House of Commons, has recently been appointed Military Secretary to H.R.H. The Duke of Connaught, who is shortly to take up his duties as Governor-General of Canada. In his volume of personal reminiscences, “From Pillar to Post,” Colonel Lowther shows himself not only as a soldier and a diplomat, but also as an explorer, a world-wide traveller, and a sportsman, possessing great powers of observation, a facile and gifted pen, and a keen sense of humour. In a light and breezy style he describes his travels all over the world--from Crete to Morocco, from Ceylon to East Africa. He narrates his experiences of cattle-ranching in America and of lion-hunting in Somaliland, and gives a most interesting account of his adventures in times of peace and war, on active service in South Africa, and on manœuvres at home. The volume is illustrated throughout by original photographs taken by the author.

MY LIFE STORY.

By EMILY, SHAREEFA OF WAZAN.

_With Illustrations. One Volume, Demy 8vo._ =12s. 6d. net.=

Some forty years ago there was a considerable stir in European circles in Morocco, and in London as well, when the news was published that a young Englishwoman was about to marry the Grand Shareef of Wazan, who is the Ecclesiastical Head of Morocco. There was a violent discussion in the London Press, many people going so far as to protest against the intended marriage. Now, in 1911, the Grand Shareef is no more, but his widow is still living in Morocco, and, at the request of their many friends in Europe and America, has set down the story of her life. It may be safely said that her experiences have not been paralleled by any European woman, and that she has been brought face to face with the intimate seclusion of the Moorish woman’s life, even while maintaining her original faith. The story of her life has been edited by Mr. S. L. Bensusan, and Mr. R. B. Cunninghame Graham has written a preface. The book is dedicated by permission to Princess Henry of Battenberg, and will contain many original illustrations.

PERU OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY.

By PERCY F. MARTIN, AUTHOR OF “MEXICO OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY,” ETC.

_With 32 pages of Illustrations and a Map. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =15s. net.=

Of all the South American Republics, perhaps Peru ranks as the most interesting, not only on account of its romantic history and the extremely picturesque nature of its people, but because its future is, by general consent of those travellers who have sufficiently studied the subject, one of the most brilliant and likely to prove one of the most permanent.

Of the many volumes upon Peru which have been issued from time to time, the economic student has sought in vain for a complete account of the Republic’s commercial and industrial conditions, and thus a new work from the pen of an acknowledged authority upon this part of South America will be especially welcome.

Herein will be found a careful, well-considered, and painstaking account of the Republic’s present condition and future prospects. The writer has studied the country very closely and very carefully; and it was generally admitted in Peru at the time of his visit last year that he actually travelled more extensively throughout the State, and looked more deeply and critically into its economic resources, than any author who had latterly visited it.

The result is a volume literally crammed with valuable first-hand information about the leading industries. The many different railways are described fully. The copper, gold, and other mines are carefully dealt with. The sugar, guano, rubber, oil, and cotton industries are faithfully depicted and frequently illustrated, and new mercantile prospects of every description are foreshadowed.

SALVADOR OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY.

By PERCY F. MARTIN, AUTHOR OF “MEXICO OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY,” ETC.

_With 32 pages of Illustrations and a Map. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =15s. net.=

Of late months the smaller Latin-American States--those forming what is known geographically as “Central America”--have attracted a great amount of attention, principally owing to the attempt made by the United States to force an alliance, commercial and financial, with them. Hitherto not a single book has been written regarding the most important, because most settled and most progressive, of these States--Salvador--and the present volume will therefore meet with more than ordinary attention. This work is from the pen of Mr. Percy F. Martin, F.R.G.S., the author of several well-known publications, most of which (at least those devoted to Argentina and Mexico) have received the _cachet_ of “standard works” upon their particular subjects. Mr. Martin has probably seen more of Latin-America than any living writer; and he has made this particular portion of the world his careful and special study. “Salvador of the Twentieth Century” will afford a complete description of the Republic; will show its gradual emancipation from the thraldom of the Spanish yoke; its early struggles against annexation by more powerful neighbours; its commercial accomplishments and possibilities--in fact, it will afford a thorough insight into a little-known but extremely interesting land with vast potentialities.

Mr. Martin, who travelled extensively throughout the Republic, and was accorded every facility by the Government for making his enquiries and investigations untrammelled by official interference, has shown us in these pages an unexpectedly impressive and attractive picture of Central American life and progress, which, being assisted by a number of capital illustrations, should prove a welcome addition to Latin-American literature.

ROUGHING IT IN SOUTHERN INDIA.

By Mrs. M. A. HANDLEY.

_With Numerous Illustrations. One Volume. Demy 8vo._

12s. 6d. net.

“Roughing it in Southern India” is just what its name implies--a book of travel, but with such a refreshingly picknicky air about it as lifts it quite out of the common rut of such books. The work is an account of the writer’s journeyings with her husband through the wilder forest tracts of Coimbatore, the Wynâd, and Malabar--vast districts, each of them--in the course of his duties as an officer of the Madras Woods and Forests Department; it relates a story of adventure and novel experience in pursuance of work and _shikar_ with all the incidental predicaments and obstacles. It describes encounters, sought and unsought, with wild animals; dealings with quaint jungle-people; excitements of travel along bad roads and no roads; difficulties in great variety, all of which had to be got through and over somehow. The manner in which these difficulties are portrayed gives a vivid human interest to every page, the whole being sketched in with an enviable lightness of touch, and clearly shows that _nerve_ without _nerves_ is indispensable to make such a day-after-day life as is here depicted possible, to say nothing of enjoyable. To a person hampered with nerves it could be no better than a series of nightmares.

The book gives one a pleasant feeling that the day has gone by when Englishmen in India thought it fine to speak slightingly of, and even to, natives as “niggers”--a manner of speech as ignorant as it is insulting.

THE LIFE OF A TIGER.

By S. EARDLEY-WILMOT,

AUTHOR OF “FOREST LIFE AND SPORT IN INDIA.”

_With nearly 150 Original Illustrations. One Volume. Medium 8vo._

7s. 6d. net.

In his popular work, “Forest Life and Sport in India,” published last autumn, Mr. Eardley-Wilmot devoted a chapter to the habits of tigers. This, however, by no means exhausted his material, but it aroused much interest in an enthralling subject and paved the way for the present volume. The author has cast his work in the form of a life-history of an individual tiger from birth until, owing to the inroads of civilization into his ancient preserves, he becomes a man-eater and is finally shot. It would be difficult to over-emphasise the fascination of this tale, which not only records the _vie intime_ of the tiger family, but introduces the whole life of the jungle in a series of vivid and kaleidoscopic pictures. The attractions of the book are enhanced by about 150 thumb-nail sketches by the author’s daughter, as well as by reproductions of some of Mrs. Eardley-Wilmot’s charming and artistic photographs.

THE SPORT OF SHOOTING.

By OWEN JONES,

AUTHOR OF “TEN YEARS OF GAME-KEEPING,” ETC.

_With Illustrations. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =10s. 6d. net.=

This is an informative volume of absorbing interest and utility to the ever-increasing army of shooting-men, and to those many others who cherish an innate hankering after shot-gun sport. While the seasoned sportsman cannot fail to glean many a useful idea, the chief object of the book is to cater sympathetically (at the same time avoiding technical phraseology) for the beginner, whether he be an eager youngster or one whose opportunities have come with riper years--to put him from the first on the right track, and save him the endless disappointments of unguided inexperience. It explains those perplexing questions which undermine confidence and account for disheartening failures, puts him in the way of meeting each difficulty as it comes, assists him in laying out his money to good advantage, in buying a gun, cartridges, or dog: taking a shoot, engaging a keeper, and managing them both: or in distributing appropriate tips. Thus, perceiving the why and wherefore of this or that all-important detail of the ropes of shooting, he will be resourceful, self-reliant, and independent of others for the goodness of his sport; find abundance of healthy recreation in the making of a modest bag; by his own wise woodcraft cancel mere deficiencies of marksmanship; and last, but not least, whether as guest or host, add tenfold to his own enjoyment and that of his companions.

THE ROMANCE OF THE HOLY LAND.

By Dr. CHARLES LEACH, M.P.

_With Numerous Illustrations. Large Crown 8vo._ =7s. 6d. net.=

Avoiding technical terms and scientific descriptions, the author has produced a volume that should be welcomed by men and women in every country who have even a remote interest in the Bible and the land in which it was produced.

The writer has made nine visits to Palestine during the last twenty years, and has delivered lectures upon it in many of the large towns of England. He takes the reader on a tour to the Holy Land, and travels with him to the principal places of Biblical interest. He describes many of the chief towns in such terms that the reader not only sees them as they are to-day, but can picture them as they were in the far-off first century. He describes the manners and customs of the people, the physical features of the country, the rivers and lakes of Palestine, and some of the remarkable historic events which have made the land famous throughout the world.

Those who have been to the Holy Land will welcome this book, whilst those who have not been so fortunate will profit greatly from its pages.

THE GRAVEN PALM.

A Manual of the Science of Palmistry.

By Mrs. ROBINSON.

_With about 250 Original Illustrations. Medium 8vo._ =10s. 6d. net.=

This work is the result of nearly twenty years’ practical experience, and the careful examination of many thousands of hands. The illustrations are drawn by Mrs. Robinson herself, and are in every case taken from hands which she has herself read. The great majority of the lines given are entirely original--_i.e._, are not to be found in any known work upon the Science of Palmistry.

This book will enable those who study it to read character correctly from the shapes of the hands and the comparative lengths of fingers and phalanges; to understand the values of the different mounts, as bearing upon the character and life; and, by the full and comprehensive delineation of the six principal and the many chance lines upon the hand, to understand and read correctly the events of their own past and future, as given by the lines on the Mount of Venus in particular, and also in a minor degree by the lines of fate, fortune, and health.

There are also at the end of the book several photographs of the hands of well-known and celebrated people.

SOCIETY SKETCHES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

By NORMAN PEARSON,

AUTHOR OF “SOME PROBLEMS OF EXISTENCE.”

_With Photogravure Portraits. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =12s. 6d. net.=

This book deals with some features and figures of the eighteenth century which have hitherto escaped any detailed treatment, and with certain aspects of familiar persons which have been unduly overlooked. The Virtuosi who founded the Royal Society, but also called into existence a host of scientific quacks and charlatans; the Scowrers, and their successors the Mohocks, who infested the streets of London at the beginning of the eighteenth, and the Highwaymen who survived into the nineteenth century, are discussed in its pages. An essay is devoted to the fashionable Wits of the period, and another throws new light upon the inner history of the Macaronis. Tradition represents these as mere brainless fops, but the author shows that this reproach belongs rather to their later imitators than to the Macaronis of 1764.

Governor Pitt, grandfather of the first Lord Chatham, the brilliant scapegrace “Etheldreda” (third Viscountess Townshend), the “Mad Duchess” of Queensberry, and that clever oddity Soame Jenyns, also find a place in the book, while new aspects of even such well-known characters as Horace Walpole and Hannah More are revealed in “The Serious Side of a Worldly Man,” and “The Lighter Side of a Serious Woman.”

CAMEO BOOK-STAMPS.

By CYRIL DAVENPORT, F.S.A.,

SUPERINTENDENT OF BOOKBINDING IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

_With about 150 Illustrations from Original Drawings by the Author._

_The First Edition will be limited to 500 Copies only. In One Volume._

_Super-Royal 8vo._ =21s. net.=

Bookbinding stamps of different kinds have already been much written about, especially heraldic ones, but cameo stamps, although they have now and then been mentioned, have up to the present received no special recognition. They are in low relief, like medals, and are generally left ungilded and uncoloured.

These stamps--the larger and more important of which are illustrated in this book--form, in fact, a very important division of the subject of decorative bookbinding, and, unlike most of the other kinds of book decoration, they rarely can be satisfactorily photographed. Mr. Davenport’s drawings, however, are singularly accurate copies of their originals, and will undoubtedly prove of the utmost value both to book-collectors and dealers in books.

Some of the stamps shown are well known--those English ones, for instance, showing the Tudor Rose, and the coat-of-arms of Henry VIII.; but others are not so common. The English stamps of St. George and of St. Michael are very fine indeed. The beautiful French stamps of the vision of the Emperor Augustus, and the very interesting Italian stamps of Horatius Codes and of Marcus Curtius, will doubtless come as a revelation to many, and so with the “Canevari” stamp of Apollo, although it is better known to connoisseurs.

The large series of German stamps, mostly on pigskin, is of great importance; there are several excellent portraits of Luther and of Melanchthon, and quaint stamps of Lot and his daughters, Judith and Holofernes, Jonah and the Whale, and many delicately cut stamps of incidents in the life of Christ and of the Virgin Mary.

All these stamps, of which there are about 150, are beautifully and truthfully copied from the originals, and with each is a short description. At the end is a full and most useful index. Every inscription, whether in Greek, Latin, or German, is translated, and every initial noted and indexed.

The book will be invaluable to every librarian--in fact, necessary--and it will add much to the interest of every book, whether in morocco, calf, or pigskin, that bears upon it one of the stamps illustrated.

A LITTLE HISTORY OF MUSIC.

By ANNETTE HULLAH.

_With Numerous Illustrations. One Volume. Medium 8vo._ =5s.=

This is a history of music written in a simple way for young people. After a chapter on aboriginal songs and dance-tunes, and another on the music of ancient nations, the Romans lead us into early Britain, and so to the first Christian chants. Then we have mediæval monks and scholars arranging scales. Minstrels and troubadours, with the stories of their time, bring us to the Elizabethian age of masque and madrigal. How Florentine genius developed these into the first operas and oratorios completes the next century. Then we come to a period of fine players and fine instruments, of Corelli and Tartini, of Amati and Stradivarius, of harpsichordists like Scarlatti, and of German organists long since eclipsed by the light of Bach. What he, and the other great composers since his day, did for music fills up the rest of the chapters and takes the record down to our own time. There are many legends and anecdotes in the book, and illustrations of quaint musical instruments of old days.

THE FRAMEWORK OF HOME RULE.

By ERSKINE CHILDERS,

AUTHOR OF “WAR AND THE ARME BLANCHE,” “THE RIDDLE OF THE SANDS,” ETC.

_One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =10s. 6d. net.=

A study of the Irish question, mainly from the Imperial standpoint. First sketching the history of Ireland in close conjunction with that of the lost American Colonies and the present self-governing Dominions, the author shows that the same forms of misgovernment arising from similar conditions have always led to the same mischievous results, and that their only remedy, when applied in time, has been Home Rule. He then reviews the present state of Ireland, describing the extraordinary anomalies of the semi-colonial government. Full attention is given also to the brighter side of Irish life. But the author points out the deep marks of arrested development, and the need for self-reliance and self-development under a responsible Irish Government.

With regard to the form Home Rule should take, the author devotes special attention to the vital questions of finance and Irish representation at Westminster, as well as to guarantees for an Ulster minority, executive power, police, judges, and numerous other points of secondary importance.

The aim is to supply not only a reasoned defence of Home Rule, but a practical up-to-date guide to the legislative settlement of the question.

PROS AND CONS OF POLITICAL PROBLEMS.

By Sir J. D. REES, K.C.I.E.

_One Volume._ =7s. 6d. net.=

In this book Sir J. D. Rees, K.C.I.E., ex.-M.P., surveys the more important political problems at present before the nation from the points of view of both great parties in the State. The following subjects are dealt with: Imperial Organization, Defence, Foreign Policy, Indian and Colonial Problems, Trade Relations and Tariff Reform, Suffrage, Home Rule, Education, Disestablishment, Finance, Socialism, Labour Questions, Land Reform, and the Constitutional Problems at present before the country. To each great question a chapter is devoted which gives the reader a concise survey of the points at issue and a summary of the position at the present day, and to every chapter are appended the arguments for and against: in the hope that the reader in a few pages may find a guide to the reasons upon which political parties base their case. The utility of the work to the student and politician will be enhanced by the bibliographical notes at the end of each chapter, which indicate the scope of the works recommended, so that the reader may be able to follow up his study of any political question. The information has been compressed into a volume of handy size so as to be of use to speakers and politicians. It is not, however, merely a work of reference--although an excellent index and the sub-division of the chapters make reference easy--but is intended to be read.

ECONOMICS FOR BEGINNERS.

By GEORGE W. GOUGH, M.A.,

SOMETIME EXHIBITIONER OF BALLIOL COLLEGE.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =3s. 6d. net.=

The need of a short textbook of economics which teachers can place in the hands of pupils who are starting the subject with a view to preparing for the more elementary parts of the higher examinations in it, is well known, and Mr. Gough’s little volume is an attempt to meet it. The _core_ of this vast subject, if the expression may be used, is fully and simply treated in accordance with authoritative opinion. Hence the beginner who means to continue his studies will be put in a position to read one or more of the larger manuals with advantage. As appendices there will be given a guide to further reading, a selection of typical questions--for the answers to which the text of the book will be found to furnish materials and hints--and a short selection of statistics illustrating modern economic conditions in the United Kingdom. It is, further, the author’s hope that the book will be useful to older students interested in social problems, and that they will find in it the elements of the economic principles bearing on their solution.

THE GREAT PLATEAU OF NORTHERN RHODESIA.

By CULLEN GOULDSBURY AND HERBERT SHEANE,

OF THE BRITISH SOUTH AFRICA COMPANY’S SERVICE.

With Preface by Sir ALFRED SHARPE, K.C.M.G., C.B.

_With 40 pages of Illustrations and a Map. One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =16s. net.=

This book has been written about the Tanganyika Plateau of Northern Rhodesia, which--though some fifty thousand square miles in extent--is still practically unknown, since it has not yet been penetrated, or its resources tapped by the Cape to Cairo Railway.

Apart from its abundant natural resources, the excellent climate of the Plateau and its high altitude (from 4,000 to 6,000 feet) render it as healthy and suitable for white colonization as the far-famed Highlands of British East Africa.

The book is divided into two parts, European and Ethnographic. The Ethnographic Section is dealt with by Mr. Sheane, who, during the past ten years, has made a special study of language and native customs upon the Tanganyika Plateau.

The needs of prospective settlers and ranchers are fully discussed, and information for sportsmen and travellers is supplied in two chapters dealing with elephant-hunting and the species and habits of game, big and small, to be found upon the Plateau.

Lastly, the Native chapters should prove of value, not only to anthropologists, but also to that increasing body of readers who are interested in the problems of native life and of native law and custom in Central Africa.

HINTS TO SPEAKERS AND PLAYERS.

By ROSINA FILIPPI.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =3s. 6d. net.=

Miss Rosina Filippi is an actress well known to, and deservedly popular with, the playgoing public of Great Britain. The excellent work she has done in teaching the younger members of her profession has evoked the admiration of her colleagues who recognize her claims to a front place on the English stage which she has long adorned. She has, indeed, won a deservedly high reputation as a teacher of dramatic art, and many are the students who have profited by her instruction and owe their success to her ripe experience. “Hints to Speakers and Players” is, as its name implies, a guide or handbook to all who desire to attain proficiency in the art of speaking or acting. In this work the author offers invaluable advice upon such subjects as Elocution, Diction, Gesticulation, Ranting, etc., not only to would-be actors, but also to Members of Parliament, orators, clergymen, and all who may be called upon to deliver speeches on the political platform, in the pulpit, or at the dinner-table. Her facile pen ranges over the wide field of her experience and deals in a light but informing fashion with a hundred matters that must inevitably prove interesting to all who are compelled to raise their voices in public.

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND LIFE OF FATHER TYRRELL.

By MAUD PETRE.

_In Two Volumes. Demy 8vo., cloth._ =21s. net.=

The first volume, which is autobiographical, will cover the period from George Tyrrell’s birth in 1861 to the year 1885, including an account of his family, his childhood, schooldays, and youth in Dublin; his conversion from Agnosticism, through a phase of High Church Protestantism to Catholicism; his experiences in Cyprus and Malta, where he lived as a probationer before entering the Society of Jesus; his early life as a Jesuit, with his novitiate and first studies in scholastic philosophy and Thomism. This autobiography, written in 1901, ends just before the death of his mother, and was not carried any farther. It is edited with notes and supplements to each chapter by M. D. Petre.

The second volume, which takes up the story where the first ends, deals chiefly with the storm and stress period of his later years. Large use is made of his own notes, and of his letters, of which a great number have been lent by correspondents of all shades of thought. Various documents of importance figure in this later volume, in which the editor aims at making the history as complete and objective as possible. Incidentally some account is given of the general movement of thought, which has been loosely described as “modernism,” but the chief aim of the writer will be to describe the part which Father Tyrrell himself played in this movement, and the successive stages of his mental development as he brought his scholastic training to bear on the modern problems that confronted him. The work ends with his death on July 15, 1909, and the events immediately subsequent to his death. The date of publication is uncertain, but will be announced as soon as possible.

THE PARTING OF THE WAYS.

Essays on Judaism and Christian Origins.

By GRADUATES OF JESUS COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.

Edited by Dr. F. J. FOAKES-JACKSON.

With an Introduction by the Very Rev. W. R. INGE, D.D., DEAN OF ST. PAUL’S.

_One Volume. Demy 8vo._ =10s. 6d. net.=

Several volumes of Theological Essays have appeared from the two ancient Universities, but none hitherto by members of a single college. Jesus College, Cambridge, has, however, had exceptional opportunities for encouraging the study of Divinity, owing to the fact that of recent years it has numbered two Lady Margaret Professors among the fellows, and has been generously endowed by the late Lord Justice Kay, who founded scholarships for post-graduate study in Theology.

The object of these essays is to trace the origin of Christianity from Judaism, and its development till the final parting of the two religions. With the exception of the Introduction and Essays I. and III., all the writers have taken their degrees quite recently, and though they have obtained high honours at the University, the volume must be judged as a young men’s book. As such it may prove the more interesting as illustrating the ideas of some of our younger theologians. The essays are not the product of any school, but represent all shades of thought in the Church of England, whilst one is written by a Nonconformist, and another by a Jewish scholar. All the essayists have, however, been the pupils of the editor, and most have come under the influence of the Dean of St. Paul’s.

HOW TO DEAL WITH MEN.

By the Rev. PETER GREEN, M.A.,

RECTOR OF ST. PHILIP’S, SALFORD, AND CANON OF MANCHESTER.

AUTHOR OF “HOW TO DEAL WITH LADS,” ETC.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =2s. 6d. net.=

Beginning with chapters on the nature of work among men, and the special needs of the present time, and on the type of man required for success in this kind of work, the author goes on to treat in detail such subjects as the Men’s Bible-Class; the various methods for promoting its success; the different kinds of work which should spring out of the work of the class; and some of the commoner dangers to be watched and guarded against. Following the chapters on the Bible-Class and its developments, come chapters on social and recreative work, such as that of the Men’s Club and the minor clubs in connection with it, temperance benefit societies, and social and parochial work for men. The second part of the book is devoted to a detailed treatment of personal work with individual men. Methods with men troubled with religious doubt, or with other intellectual difficulties, and methods of dealing with various moral problems, are carefully and fully discussed.

THE FAITH OF AN AVERAGE MAN.

By the Rev. CHARLES H. S. MATTHEWS, M.A.,

AUTHOR OF “A PARSON IN THE AUSTRALIAN BUSH,” ETC.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =3s. 6d. net.=

The author is profoundly convinced that on the one hand the endless restlessness of modern life is a witness to man’s need of a vital faith, and on the other that the continued vitality of the historic Church of England is in itself a proof of her power to meet this fundamental need of men. The position he occupies, and would in this book commend to others, may best be described as a kind of progressive Catholicism, a true _via media_ between an exclusive Protestantism on the one hand, which seems to him to be founded on a view of the Bible no longer tenable, and an equally exclusive Catholicism on the other, which in its turn seems to be founded on a no less untenable view of the Church. It is the author’s hope that his appeal may be read, not only by laymen, but also by the younger clergy.

THE CHURCH AND MODERN PROBLEMS.

By the Rev. C. F. GARBETT, M.A.,

VICAR OF PORTSEA.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =3s. 6d. net.=

An interesting volume, composed of addresses mainly delivered in the course of the author’s ordinary parochial work during the last two years. They are all united by the attempt to state the attitude of the Church to some of the many modern problems of religious thought and action. Among these are Modernism, Rationalism, Agnosticism, the Higher Criticism, Inspiration, the Reunion of Christendom, Divorce, Temperance Reform, and Socialism. The attitude of the Church to all these tremendous intellectual, moral, and social problems is briefly argued and discussed with tact and ability.

THE MIND OF ST. PAUL:

As Illustrated by his Second Epistle to the Corinthians.

By Canon H. L. GOUDGE, D.D.

PRINCIPAL OF ELY THEOLOGICAL COLLEGE.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =2s. 6d. net.=

A GOODLY FELLOWSHIP

Thoughts in Verse and Prose from many Sources.

Collected by ROSE E. SELFE.

With a Preface by His Grace the ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY.

_One Volume. Small 8vo._ =2s. 6d. net.=

This small religious anthology has been compiled in the hope that the various suggestions and counsels, the voices of praise and aspiration, and the poets’ visions of the past, present, and future may come through the windows of the soul, which are open to receive them with comfort, encouragement, and inspiration. The passages are grouped under the following headings: Religion in Childhood, Our Human Life, Sorrow and Suffering, On Prayer, Aspiration and Communion, The Incarnate Christ, Christian Seasons, Old Age, Death and After. But there are no hard and fast divisions, and many of the extracts might be appropriately classed under two or more of these headings. More than seventy authors have been laid under contribution, including some as widely separated in time as Boethius, Thomas Traherne, William Law, Christina Rossetti, the present Dean of St. Paul’s (Dr. W. R. Inge), and Mr. G. K. Chesterton.

_New and Cheaper Edition._

SCOTTISH GARDENS.

By the Right Hon. Sir HERBERT MAXWELL, Bart.

_With 32 Coloured Plates from Pastel Drawings especially done for this work by_

Miss M. G. W. WILSON,

MEMBER OF THE PASTEL SOCIETY AND OF THE SCOTTISH SOCIETY OF ARTISTS

_New Edition. Medium 8vo._ =7s. 6d. net.=

It was not originally intended that this charming work, of which both the Edition de Luxe and the ordinary Edition were sold out two months after publication, should be reprinted. So persistent, however, have been the inquiries for it that it has been decided to re-issue it in a cheaper edition, but with all the original plates. The success of the book in the first instance may be attributed both to the attractiveness of the subject and to the harmonious combination of artistic and literary skill which characterized it, and these features will in no sense be modified in the new edition.

_A New Edition Revised._

A BOOK ABOUT ROSES.

By the late Very Rev. S. REYNOLDS HOLE,

DEAN OF ROCHESTER.

_With Coloured Plates. Crown 8vo._ =3s. 6d.=

This edition contains the Dean’s latest corrections of his famous book, a new chapter on “Progress” up to the present time by Dr. Alfred Williams, Member of Committee of the National Rose Society, and a full and up-to-date list of roses compiled and classified by the same competent hand.

NEW FICTION.

TANTE.

By ANNE DOUGLAS SEDGWICK

(Mrs. Basil de Sélincourt),

AUTHOR OF “FRANKLIN KANE,” “VALÉRIE UPTON,” ETC.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =6s.=

A deeply interesting book, which, it is believed, will be considered by far the most powerful work the author has accomplished. It is a long story, but the interest never flags, and the plot culminates in an exceedingly dramatic way.

THE BRACKNELS.

By FORREST REID.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =6s.=

This is an interesting novel describing the fortunes of an Irish family, into the midst of which comes Mr. Rusk, a young English tutor. Each member of the family is well and distinctly portrayed, and there is an under-current of mysticism of a distinctly uncanny tendency. Denis, a boy of sixteen, the pupil of Mr. Rusk, is a particularly charming figure, who contrasts sharply with some of the other members of the Bracknel family.

A ROMANCE OF THE SIMPLE.

By MARY J. H. SKRINE.

AUTHOR OF “A STEPSON OF THE SOIL.”

6s.

MORE GHOST STORIES.

By Dr. M. R. JAMES,

PROVOST OF KING’S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE.

AUTHOR OF “GHOST STORIES OF AN ANTIQUARY,” ETC.

_Medium 8vo._ =6s.=

THE MOTTO OF MRS. McLANE.

The Story of an American Farm.

By SHIRLEY CARSON.

_One Volume. Crown 8vo._ =3s. 6d.=

A very clever piece of character drawing; the scene is laid in a Western American farm, where the McLane family have been settled for a considerable number of years. Life on the farm at various seasons is painted in vivid and attractive colours, but the feature of the story is the shrewd homely wit of Mrs. McLane and her neighbours. Their conversations remind one of the success of “Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch,” and are so clever and spontaneous that they cannot fail to be thoroughly enjoyed by all readers.

LOVE IN BLACK.

By Sir H. HESKETH BELL, K.C.M.G.,

GOVERNOR OF NORTHERN NIGERIA.

_One Volume. Medium 8vo._ =6s.=

This volume contains a number of sketches of native life in West Africa, in the garb of fiction. No one has had better opportunities than the author of penetrating the veil of mystery and fetish that enshrouds the inner life of the native, and no one has drawn their characters with a more sympathetic and romantic hand. The titles of the sketches give some idea of the contents of the volume. Among them are “The Fetish Mountain of Krobo,” “The Yam Custom,” “The Tale of a Tail-Girl,” “His Highness Prince Kwakoo,” “On Her Majesty’s Service,” “A Woman of Ashanti.”

STEAM TURBINE DESIGN:

With Especial Reference to the Reaction Type.

By JOHN MORROW, M.Sc., D.Eng.,

LECTURER IN ENGINEERING, ARMSTRONG COLLEGE, NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.

_Demy 8vo. Fully illustrated with 150 Diagrams and 9 Folding Plates._

Since the days of Watt no greater revolution has taken place in steam machinery than the advent of the turbine. In the face of the greatest difficulties it was introduced by the Hon. Sir Charles A. Parsons both for marine and electrical work, and with the success of the s.s. _Lusitania_ and _Mauretania_ the public for the first time realized that it had come to stay. Many books, both of description and theory, have been written on the steam turbine, yet up to the present few have been devoted definitely to its design. In the present volume Dr. Morrow gives a clear explanation of the principles and practice of turbine design and construction as followed out in the drawing-office and engineering workshop.

LONDON: EDWARD ARNOLD, 41 & 43 MADDOX STREET, W.

Transcriber's Notes:

Italics are shown thus: _sloping_.

Variations in spelling and hyphenation are retained.

Perceived typographical errors have been changed.