CHAPTER XII

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NEGRO SCHOOL LAWS. 1619-1860.

The Possibilities of the Human Intellect.--Ignorance Favorable to Slavery.--An Act by the Legislature of Alabama imposing a Penalty on any one instructing a Colored Person.--Educational Privileges of the Creoles in the City of Mobile.--Prejudice against Colored Schools in Connecticut.--The Attempt of Miss Prudence Crandall to admit Colored Girls into her School at Canterbury.--The Indignation of the Citizens at this Attempt to mix the Races in Education.--The Legislature of Connecticut passes a Law abolishing the School.--The Building assaulted by a Mob.--Miss Crandall arrested and imprisoned for teaching Colored Children against the Law.--Great Excitement.--The Law finally repealed.--An Act by the Legislature of Delaware taxing Persons who brought into, or sold Slaves out of, the State.--Under Act of 1829 Money received for the Sale of Slaves in Florida was added to the School Fund in that State.--Georgia prohibits the Education of Colored Persons under Heavy Penalty.--Illinois establishes Separate Schools for Colored Children.--The "Free Mission Institute" at Quincy, Illinois, destroyed by a Missouri Mob.--Numerous and Cruel Slave Laws in Kentucky retard the Education of the Negroes.--An Act passed in Louisiana preventing the Negroes in any Way from being instructed.--Maine gives Equal School Privileges to Whites and Blacks.--St. Francis Academy for Colored Girls founded in Baltimore in 1831.--The Wells School.--The First School for Colored Children established in Boston by Intelligent Colored Men in 1798.--A School-house for the Colored Children built and paid for out of a Fund left by Abiel Smith for that Purpose.--John B. Russworm one of the Teachers and afterward Governor of the Colony of Cape Palmas, Liberia.--First Primary School for Colored Children established in 1820.--Missouri passes Stringent Laws against the Instruction of Negroes.--New York provides for the Education of Negroes.--Elias Neau opens a School in New York City for Negro Slaves in 1704.--"New York African Free School" in 1786.--Visit of Lafayette to the African Schools in 1824.--His Address.--Public Schools for Colored Children in New York.--Colored Schools in Ohio.--"Cincinnati High School" for Colored Youths founded in 1844.--Oberlin College opens its Doors to Colored Students.--The Establishment of Colored Schools in Pennsylvania by Anthony Benezet in 1750.--His Will.--"Institute for Colored Youths" established in 1837.--"Avery College" at Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, founded in 1849.--Ashmun Institute, or Lincoln University, founded in October, 1856.--South Carolina takes Definite Action against the Education or Promotion of the Colored Race in 1800-1803-1834.--Tennessee makes no Discrimination against Color in the School Law of 1840.--Little Opportunity afforded in Virginia for the Colored Man to be enlightened.--Stringent Laws enacted.--History of Schools for the Colored Population in the District of Columbia 147

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