CHAPTER IX

ON SOME CRUCIAL POINTS IN PSYCHOANALYSIS 236

LETTER I.--LOY 236

The dream a means of re-establishing the moral equipoise--The dreamer finds therein the material for reconstruction--Methods discussed--The part played by "faith in the doctor"--Abreaction.

LETTER II.--JUNG 238

For the patient any method that works is good, though some more valuable than others--The doctor must choose what commends itself to his scientific conscience--Why the author gave up the use of hypnotism--Three cases quoted--Breuer and Freud's method a great advance in psychic treatment--Evolution of author's views--Importance of conception that behind the neurosis lies a moral conflict--Divergence from Freud's sexual theory of neurosis--The doctor's responsibility for the cleanliness of his own hands--Necessity that the psychoanalyst should be analysed--He is successful in so far as he has succeeded in his own moral development.

LETTER III.--LOY 244

Opportunism _v._ scientific honour--Psychoanalysis no more than hypnotism gets rid of "transference"--Cases of enuresis nocturna, and of washing-mania treated by hypnosis--On what grounds should such useful treatment be dispensed with?--The difficulty of finding a rational solution for the moral conflict--The doctor's dilemma of the two consciences.

LETTER IV.--JUNG 248

Author's standpoint that of the scientist, not practical physician--The analyst works in spite of the transference--Psychoanalysis not the only way--Sometimes less efficacious than any known method--Cases must be selected--For the author and his patients it is the best way--The real solution of the moral conflict comes from within, and then only because the patient has been brought to a new standpoint.

LETTER. V.--LOY 252

"What is truth?"--Parable of the prism--All man attains is relative truth--Fanaticism is the enemy to science--Psychoanalysis a method of dealing with basic motives of the human soul--Must not each case be treated individually?--Morals are above all relative.

LETTER VI.--JUNG 256

Definition of psychoanalysis--Technique--So-called chance is the law--Rules well-nigh impossible--The patients' unconscious is the analysts' best confederate--Questions of morality and education find solutions for themselves in later stages of analysis.

LETTER VII.--LOY 258

Contradictions in psychoanalytic literature--Should the doctor canalise the patient's libido?--Does he not indirectly suggest dreams to patient?

LETTER VIII.--JUNG 261

Different view-points in psychoanalysis--_Vide_ Freud's causality and Adler's finality--Discussion of meaning of transference--The meaning of "line of least resistance"--Man as a herd-animal--Rich endowment with social sense--Should take pleasure in life--Error as necessary to progress as truth--Patient must be trained in independence--Analyst is caught in his own net if he makes hard-and-fast rules--Through the analyst's suggestion only the outer form, never the content, is determined--The patient may mislead the doctor, but this is disadvantageous and delays him.

LETTER IX.--LOY 267

The line of least resistance is a compromise with all necessities--The analyst as accoucheur--The neurotic's faith in authority--Altruism innate in man--He advances in response to his own law.

LETTER X.--JUNG 270

Transference is the central problem of analysis--It may be positive or negative--Projection of infantile phantasies on the doctor--Biological "duties"--The psyche does not only react, but gives its individual reply--We have an actual sexual problem to-day--Evidences thereof--We have no real sexual morality, only a legal attitude--Our moral views are too undifferentiated--The neurotic is ill not because he has lost his faith in morality, but because he has not found the new authority in himself.

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