XX.

THE LEAGUE OF THE THIRTEEN CANTONS COMPLETED 230-242

Maximilian--Swabian War--Separation of Switzerland from the Empire--Basel joins the League--Schaffhausen--Appenzell--Italian wars--Siege of Novara--Battle of Marignano--St. Gall.

THE GREAT COUNCILS, LANDSGEMEINDE, AND DIET, &C. 243-253

Two kinds of Canton--Constitution of Bern and of Zurich--Landsgemeinde--Tagsatzung--Intellectual and literary life.