D.

_Demand_ and supply, influence of, on prices, considered, 542. Opinion of M. Say on this subject, 544. And of the Earl of Lauderdale, 545-547. Observations thereon, 547, 548.

E.

_Economy_ in labour, reduces the relative value of commodities, 21. Illustration of this principle, 22-42.

_Exchange_, no criterion of the increased value of money, 178. To be ascertained by estimating the value of the currency in the currency of another country, 181, and also by comparing it with some standard common to both countries, 181-184. Effects of paper currency on exchange, 310-314.

_Exportation_ of corn, bounties on, lower its price to the foreign consumer, 417-427. Effects of, in raising the price of corn, illustrated, 428. Bounties on the exportation of manufactures raise the market, but not the natural, price of these, 436-438.

F.

_Farmers_ pay more poor-rate than the manufacturers, 359-362.

_Foreign Trade_, effects of an extension of, 146, 147. Proofs that the profits of the favoured trade will speedily subside to the general level, 148-154.

_Funded Property_, the price of, no steady criterion by which to judge of the rate of interest, 413-415.

G.

_Gold_, and Silver, an insufficient medium for determining the _variable_ value of commodities, 7, 8. But, upon the whole, the least inconvenient standard for money, 80, 81. On whom a tax upon gold would ultimately fall, 249, 250. The value of gold ultimately regulated by the comparative facility or difficulty of producing it, 251. Effects of a tax upon gold, 252-261. Evils of prohibiting a free trade in the precious metals, when the prices of commodities are raised, 309. The value of gold and silver proportioned to the quantity of labour necessary to produce them and bring them to market, 499. Remarks on the employment of these metals in currency, 516. Their relative values at different periods, accounted for, 516-526. Investigation of the comparative value of gold, corn, and labour, in rich and in poor countries, 527-537.

_Gross Revenue_, advantages of, over-rated by Adam Smith, 491. And by M. Say, 492, _note_. Examination of this doctrine, 492-498. A diminution of gross income, no diminution of net income, 579-583.

H.

_Holland_, low rate of interest in, accounted for, 400, note.

_Houses_, rents of, distinguished into two parts, 263. Difference between rent of houses and that of land, 264. Taxes on houses by whom ultimately borne, 266.