XXV.

#Genitive with adjectives.#

1. Lucullus was distinguished both in war and in peace. 2. It is stated by certain writers that he spent all of his early life in law practice and was untrained in the art[1] of war. 3. But in the war with Mithridates he surpassed even[2] experts in this art.[1] 4. All say that he was exceedingly fond of money. 5. And this is the more surprising for the reason that he had been educated in Greek philosophy. 6. He was not the only one of the Romans to[3] squander his money in building villas. 7. He used to dine with the greatest luxury even when he was alone. 8. Though fond of banquets, he was no less fond of books, and had a great library, which was always open to the public.

[Footnotes: 1: H. 451, 1 (399, I, 2); M. 573; A. 218, _a_; G. 374; B. 204, 1. 2: Cf. #mare ipsum#, l. 25. 3: See p. 76, n. 11.]

ABBREVIATIONS

abl. = ablative. abs. = absolute. acc. = accusative. act. = active. adj. = adjective. adv. = adverb. cf. = compare. comp. = comparative. conj. = conjunction. dat. = dative. def. = defective. dem. = demonstrative. desid. = desiderative. dim. = diminutive. disc. = discourse. e.g. = for example. encl. = enclitic. esp. = especially. f. = feminine, following. freq. = frequentative. gen. = genitive. i.e. = that is. imperf. = imperfect. impers. = impersonal. indef. = indefinite. indir. = indirect. insep. = inseparable. interj. = interjection. interr. = interrogative. intrans. = intransitive. l. = line. m. = masculine. n. = neuter, note. nom. = nominative. num. = numeral. obj. = objective. orig. = originally. p. = page. part. = participle, partitive. pass. = passive. perf. = perfect. pers. = personal. pl. = plural. poss. = possessive. prep. = preposition. pres. = present. pron. = pronoun, pronominal. rel. = relative. sc. = supply. sup. = superlative. trans. = transitive.

The star prefixed to certain verbs, e.g. #flîgô# and #speciô#, indicates that the verb was obsolete, i.e. not in ordinary use. Compound verbs are defined under the simple verbs from which they are derived. To this practice there are, however, two exceptions: (1) When neither the simple verb nor any other compound formed from it occurs in the text, and (2) in the case of certain verbs like #sûmô# and #surgô#, which, though themselves compounds, came to be regarded virtually as simple verbs and served as the base of further compounds.

The student will therefore save time and labor if he accustoms himself when reading to analyze compound verbs before consulting the Vocabulary. This analysis will often make plain the meaning of the compound, and render it unnecessary to seek the aid of the Vocabulary at all.

VOCABULARY

#A.#, abbreviation of the Roman praenomen _Aulus_.

#â, ab, abs#, prep. with abl.; (1) of place, _from, away from, out of_; (2) of time, _from, since, after_; (3) of agency, _by_; (4) of separation, source, cause, _from, through, because of_; in composition, _off, away_.

#abaliênô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ab# + #aliênus#], _to remove, alienate, estrange_.

#abdicô#, see #dicô#.

#abditus# [orig. part. of #abdô#], adj., _hidden, concealed_.

#abdô#, see #dô#.

#abdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#abeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#abiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#abluô, ere, î, ûtus# [#ab# + #luô#, _to wash_], _to wash, cleanse, purify_.

#abnuô#, see #*nuô#.

#abripiô#, see #rapiô#.

#abrogô#, see #rogô#.

#abs#, see #â#.

#abscêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#abscindô#, see #scindô#.

#absêns, entis# [orig. part. of #absum#], adj., _absent, away_.

#absistô#, see #sistô#.

#absolvô#, see #solvô#.

#absorbeô, êre, uî, absorptus# [#ab# + #sorbeô#, _to swallow_], _to swallow_.

#abstinentia, ae# [#abstineô#], f., _abstinence, self-restraint, integrity_.

#abstineô#, see #teneô#.

#abstrahô#, see #trahô#.

#absum#, see #sum#.

#absûmô#, see #sûmô#.

#ac#, see #atque#.

#Acca, ae#, f., praenomen of Acca Larentia, foster-mother of Romulus and Remus.

#accêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#accendô#, see #candeô#.

#accidô#, see #cadô#.

#accingô#, see #cingô#.

#acciô, îre, îvî, îtus# [#ad# + #cieô#, _to set in motion_], _to summon, invite_.

#accipiô#, see #capiô#.

#acclâmô#, see #clâmô#.

#accommodô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ad# + #commodus#], _to fit to, adjust, regulate_.

#accumbô#, see #*cumbô#.

#accurrô#, see #currô#.

#accûsâtiô, ônis# [#accûsô#], f., _accusation, prosecution_.

#accûsâtor, ôris# [#accûsô#], m., _accuser, prosecutor_.

#accûsô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ad# + #causa#], _to call to trial, accuse, blame_.

#âcer, âcris, âcre#, comp. #âcrior#, sup. #âcerrimus#, adj., _sharp, bitter, piercing_; _keen, eager, vigorous, fierce_.

#acerbê# [#acerbus#, _bitter_], adv., _bitterly, cruelly, severely_.

#acerbitâs, âtis# [#acerbus#, _bitter_], f., _harshness, severity, unkindness_.

#acêtum, î# [cf. #âcer#], n., _vinegar_.

#aciês, êî# [cf. #âcer#], f., _a sharp point_ of a sword or dagger; _a battle line_ (conceived of as a sword point); _battle_.

#âcriter#, comp. #âcrius#, sup. #âcerrimê# [#âcer#], adv., _sharply, spiritedly, fiercely, grievously_.

#Actiacus#, adj., _of_ or _at Actium_.

#Actium, î#, n., a promontory and town in Epirus, near which, in 31 B.C., Octavianus defeated Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle.

#ad#, prep. with accus.; (1) of place, _to, towards, to the house of, at, near_; (2) of time, _up to, towards, until, at_; (3) of purpose, _to, in order to, for, for the sake of_; (4) of other relations, _according to, at_. In composition, it = _to, towards_, and also denotes _addition_ and _intensity_.

#adamô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ad# + #amô#, _to love_], _to love earnestly_.

#addîcô#, see #dîcô#.

#addô#, see #dô#.

#addûcô#, see #dûcô#.

(1) #adeô#, see (1) #eô#.

(2) #adeô# [#ad# + (2) #eô#], adv., _to this point, so very, so, to such a degree, actually_; #atque adeô#, _and in fact_.

#adequitô#, see #equitô#.

#adfectô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ad# + #faciô#], _to strive after, aspire to_.

#adferô#, see #ferô#.

#adficiô#, see #faciô#.

#adfînis, is# [#ad# + #fînis#], m., _a relative_ (by marriage).

#adfîrmô#, see #fîrmô#.

#adflâtus, ûs# [#adflô#], m., _a blast, breath; effluvia, exhalation_.

#adflîctus# [orig. part. of #adflîgô#], adj., _shattered, weakened, wretched_.

#adflîgô#, see #*flîgô#.

#adflô#, see #flô#.

#adhibeô#, see #habeô#.

#adhortâtiô, ônis# [#adhortor#, _to encourage_], f., _encouragement, exhortation_.

#adiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#adigô#, see #agô#.

#adipîscor, î, adeptus sum# [#ad# + #apîscor#, _to reach_], _to gain by effort, get, acquire_.

#aditus, ûs# [(1) #adeô#], m., _approach, access_.

#adiûmentum# [orig. #adiuvâmentum#, from #adiuvô#], n., _help, aid, service_.

#adiungô#, see #iungô#.

#adiuvô, âre, iûvî, iûtus# [#ad# + #iuvô#, _to help_], _to aid, help_.

#adliciô#, see #*laciô#.

#adligô#, see #ligô#.

#adloquor#, see #loquor#.

#administrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ad# + #ministrô#, _to manage_], _to manage, direct, govern, regulate_.

#admîrâbilis, e# [#admîror#], adj., _admirable, wonderful_.

#admîrandus# [#admîror#], adj., _marvelous, wonderful, strange_.

#admîrâtiô, ônis# [#admîror#], f., _wonder, admiration_; _surprise_.

#admîrâtor, ôris# [#admîror#], m., _admirer_.

#admîror, ârî, âtus sum# [#ad# + #mîror#, _to marvel at_], _to marvel at, admire_.

#admittô#, see #mittô#.

#admodum# [#ad# + #modus#], adv., _up to the full limit, very, exceedingly_.

#admoneô#, see #moneô#.

#admoveô#, see #moveô#.

#adnuô#, see #*nuô#.

#adolêscô, ere, olêvî, adultus# [#ad# + #olêscô#, _to grow_], _to grow up, become mature, reach manhood_.

#adoperiô#, see #pariô#.

#adoptô#, see #optô#.

#adôrnô#, see #ôrnô#.

#adôrô#, see #ôrô#.

#adquîrô#, see #quaerô#.

#adripiô#, see #rapiô#.

#adscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#adsentâtiô, ônis# [#adsentor#, _to agree with, to flatter_], f., _flattery_.

#adsequor#, see #sequor#.

#adsideô#, see #sedeô#.

#adsîdô#, see #sîdô#.

#adsiduus# [#adsideô#], adj., _incessant, repeated, continued_.

#adsîgnô#, see #sîgnô#.

#adspiciô#, see #*speciô#.

#adsuêscô#, see #suêscô#.

#adsum#, see #sum#.

#adsûmô#, see #sûmô#.

#adsurgô#, see #surgô#.

#adulêscêns, entis# [#adolêscô#], m. and f., _a young man_ or _woman_ (usually applied to persons between the ages of fifteen and thirty).

#adulêscentia, ae# [#adulêscêns#], f., _youth_.

#adulêscentulus, î# [dim. of #adulêscêns#], m., _a very young man, stripling_.

#adûlor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to flatter_.

#adultus# [orig. part. of #adolêscô#], adj., _grown up, mature, adult_.

#advehô#, see #vehô#.

#adveniô#, see #veniô#.

#adventô, âre, âvî#, -- [freq. of #adveniô#], _to advance, approach_.

#adventus, ûs# [#adveniô#], m., _coming, approach, arrival_.

#adversârius, î# [#adversor#], m., _opponent, enemy_.

#adversor, ârî, âtus sum# [#adversus#], _to oppose, withstand, resist_.

#adversus# [#ad# + #vertô#], adj., _turned towards, facing, in front_; _opposed, adverse, unfavorable_. As noun, #adversum, î#, n., _misfortune, calamity_.

#adversus# and #adversum#, prep. with acc., _in opposition to, against, towards_.

#advocâtiô, ônis# [#advocô#], f., _advocacy, legal assistance_; #in advocâtiônem venîre#, _to come to one's aid in court_.

#advocâtus, î# [#advocô#], m., _adviser, advocate_.

#advocô#, see #vocô#.

#aedês#, see #aedis#.

#aedificium, î# [#aedificô#], n., _a building_.

#aedificô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#aedis# + #faciô#], _to build_.

#aedîlis, is# [#aedis#], m., _aedile, commissioner of public works_, the name of certain Roman magistrates, four in number, charged with the care of the streets and public buildings, the regulation of the markets, and the duty of distributing the corn which the state furnished to the poor. They took care, also, of the records of the senate and other documents, and superintended the performance of certain public games.

#aedîlitâs, âtis# [#aedîlis#], f., _aedileship_.

#aedis# or #aedês, is#, f., in sing., _temple_; in pl., _house, dwelling_.

#aedituus, î# [#aedis# + #tueor#], m., _keeper of a temple, sexton_.

#aeger, aegra, aegrum#, adj., _sick, ill, feeble_.

#aegrê# [#aeger#], adv., _painfully, with difficulty, scarcely_; #aegrê ferre#, _to be vexed at, take amiss_.

#aegritûdô, inis# [#aeger#], f., _sickness_; _grief, vexation, mortification_.

#aegrôtô, âre, âvî#, -- [#aeger#], _to be ill_ or _feeble, lie sick_.

#Aegyptus, î#, m., _Egypt_.

#Aemilius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens. See #Paulus#.

#aemulâtiô, ônis# [#aemulor#, _to rival_], f., _rivalry, competition_.

#aequâlis, e# [#aequus#], adj., _equal, like_ (esp. in age). As noun, m., _comrade, companion_.

#aequê# [#aequus#], adv., _equally_.

#aequitâs, âtis# [#aequus#], f., _evenness, fairness, justice_.

#aequô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#aequus#], _to make even, place on an equality_.

#aequus#, adj., _even, level_; _fair, just_; #aequô animô#, _patiently_.

#aerârium, î# [#aes#], n., _state treasury_; _public money_.

#aes, aeris#, n., _copper, bronze_; _money_ (first coined of bronze); #aes aliênum#, _debt_.

#aestâs, âtis#, f., _summer_.

#aestîvus# [#aestâs#], adj., _of summer, summer_.

#aetâs, âtis#, f., _time of life, life, age, youth, old age_; _period, time_.

#aeternum# [acc. sing. neut. of #aeternus#, _eternal_], adv., _eternally, forever_.

#Âfer, Âfrî#, m., _an African_, esp. an inhabitant of Carthage.

#Âfrica, ae#, f., _Africa_, esp. that part of it which lay near Carthage.

#Âfricânus#, adj., _African_. As noun, #Âfricânus, î#, m., the cognomen bestowed on Publius Cornelius Scipio, conqueror of Hannibal. See #Scîpiô#.

#agedum#, an interj., used with the imperative or hortatory subjunctive, _come on! come! quick!_

#agellus, î# [dim. of #ager#], m., _a little field, small estate_.

#ager, agrî#, m., _field, farm, estate_; _territory, land, district_; _the country_.

#agger, eris# [#ad# + #gerô#], m., _mass_ (esp. of earth and brushwood), _mound, rampart_.

#aggredior#, see #gradior#.

#agitô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #agô#], _drive violently hither and thither_; _discuss, consider, meditate_.

#con--côgitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to think, reflect, consider_; _plan_.

#ex# + #con--excôgitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to think out, devise_.

#âgmen, inis# [#agô#], n., _an army_ (on the march), _marching column_; _troop, array_.

#âgnôscô#, see #nôscô#.

#agô, agere, êgî, âctus#, _to set in motion, drive, lead_; _act, do, perform_; _treat, deal, arrange_; _spend, pass_ (of time); #âctum est dê#, _it was all up with_; #augurium agere#, _to perform the augural ceremonies_; #cônsulem agere#, _to act the consul_, #dêlêctum agere#, _to hold a levy_; #grâtiâs agere#, _to feel thankful_; #triumphum agere#, _to celebrate a triumph_.

#ad--adigô, ere, êgî, âctus#, _drive, urge, compel, constrain_.

#con--côgô, ere, coêgî, coâctus#, _drive together, collect_; _compel, force_.

#dê--dêgô, ere, dêgî, ----#, _pass, spend_ (of time).

#ex--exigô, ere, êgî, âctus#, _to drive out_; _finish_; _pass, spend_.

#per--peragô, ere, êgî, âctus#, _to finish, accomplish, play_ (a part); _set forth, relate, describe_.

#re--redigô, ere, êgî, âctus#, _to drive back, force, reduce, bring_.

#sub--subigô, ere, êgî, âctus#, _to drive under, conquer, subdue_.

#trâns--trânsigô, ere, êgî, âctus#, _to finish, settle, perform_.

#agrestis, e# [#ager#], adj., _of the fields_; _rustic_; _countrified, rude, uncouth_.

#âiô, ais, ait, âiunt# [def. verb], _to say_.

#alacer, cris, cre#, adj., _lively, nimble, quick_; often = an adv., _eagerly_.

#alacritâs, âtis# [#alacer#], f., _liveliness, eagerness, spirit_.

#Alba# or #Alba Longa# (sc. #urbs#), f., an ancient town of the Latins.

#Albânus#, adj., _pertaining to Alba, Alban_. As noun, #Albânus, î#, m., _an inhabitant of Alba_.

#âlea, ae#, f., _game of dice_; _die_.

#Alexander, drî#, m., _Alexander the Great_, king of Macedonia from 336 to 323 B.C., and conqueror of Persia.

#Alexandrêa, ae#, f., _Alexandria_, a city in Egypt, at the mouth of the Nile, founded by Alexander the Great.

#aliâs# [#alius#], adv., _at another time, under other circumstances_.

#alibî# [#alius# + #ibi#], adv., _elsewhere, in other places_.

#aliênus# [#alius#], adj., _belonging to another, another's_; #aes aliênum#, _debt_.

#alimentum, î# [#alô#], n., _nourishment_; in plur., _food, provisions_.

#aliôquî#, adv., _in other respects, otherwise_.

#aliquamdiû# [#aliquis# + #diû#], adv., _for a while, for some time_.

#aliquandô# [#aliquis#], adv., _at some time or other, once, on a certain occasion_; _at length, at last_.

#aliquantus#, adj., _some, considerable_. As noun, #aliquantum, î#, n., _a little, something_.

#aliquî, aliqua, aliquod# [#alius# + #quî#], indef. pron. adj., _some one or other, some, any_.

#aliquis, qua, quid# [#alius# + #quis#], indef. pron., _some one, something_; _any one, anything_; _some, any_. As noun, #aliquid#, n., _something, anything_.

#aliquot# [#alius# + #quot#], indef. indecl. adj., _some, several_.

#aliquotiêns# [#aliquot#], adv., _several times_.

#aliter# [#alius#], adv., _otherwise, differently_.

#alius, a, ud# (gen. #alîus#, dat. #aliî#), pron. adj., _another, other, different_; #alius . . . alius#, _one . . . one, one . . . another_; #aliî . . . aliî#, _some . . . others_.

#alô, ere, uî, tus#, _to feed, nourish, support, keep_.

#Alpês, ium#, f., _the Alps_.

#altâria, ium#, pl. n., _an altar_.

#alter, altera, alterum# (gen. #alterîus#, dat. #alterî#), pron. adj., _one of two, the other, the second_; #alter . . . alter#, _the one . . . the other_.

#altercor, ârî, âtus sum# [#alter#], _to dispute, wrangle_.

#alteruter, utra, utrum# (gen. #alterutrîus#, dat. #alterutrî#), pron. adj., _one or the other of two, one_ (only) _of two_.

#altus# [#alô#], adj., _high, lofty_; _deep_. As noun, #altum, î#, n., _the deep sea, the deep_; sup. #altissimum, î#, n., _top_.

#alveus, î#, m., _a basket, trough_.

#am, amb, ambi#, insep. prefix (seen in #amputô#), _around, on both sides_.

#amâns, antis# [part. of #amô#, _to love_], adj., _loving, fond_; with gen., _fond of, devoted to_.

#ambitiô, ônis# [#ambiô#, _to go around_], f., _canvassing for public office, ambition_.

#ambô, ae, ô#, adj., _both_.

#ambulâtiô, ônis# [#ambulô#], f., _a walk, promenade_.

#ambulô, âre, âvî, --#, _to walk, stroll_.

#dê--deambulô, âre, --, --#, _to walk, stroll, promenade_.

#in--inambulô, âre, --, --#, _to walk up and down, stroll_.

#amîcitia, ae# [#amîcus#], f., _friendship_.

#amictus# [orig. part. of #amiciô#, _to wrap about_], adj., _clothed in, clad in_.

#amîcus# [#amô#, _to love_], adj., _friendly_.

#amîcus, î# [#amô#, _to love_], m., _a friend_.

#âmittô#, see #mittô#.

#amnis, is#, m., _river, torrent, stream_.

#amor, ôris# [#amô#, _to love_], m., _love, passion_.

#âmoveô#, see #moveô#.

#amphora, ae#, f., _a two-handled jar_. It held about six gallons.

#amplector, î, amplexus sum#, _to twine around, embrace_.

#ampliô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#amplus#], _to enlarge, widen, extend_.

#amplius# [comp. of #amplus#], indecl. adj. and adv., _further, more, besides_.

#amplus#, adj., _great, large_; _noble, distinguished_.

#amputô#, see #putô#.

#Amûlius, î#, m., _Amûlius_, son of Proca, a legendary king of Alba Longa.

#anceps, ancipitis# [#ambi# + #caput#], adj., _two-headed_; _doubtful, hazardous_.

#ancîle, is#, n., a small oval shield, shaped like the faces of a guitar.

#ancilla, ae#, f., _a maid-servant, maid_.

#Ancus, î#, m., the praenomen of Ancus Marcius, the fourth king of Rome.

#angô, ere, --, --#, _squeeze, choke_; _vex, annoy_.

#angor, ôris# [#angô#], m., _vexation, sorrow, anguish_.

#anguis, is# [#angô#], m. and f., _a snake_.

#angulus, î# [#angô#], m., _corner, nook_.

#angustiae, ârum# [#angustus#], f., _narrowness, narrow place, narrow pass_.

#angustus# [#angô#], adj., _narrow_.

#anima, ae#, f., _air, breath, soul, life_.

#animadvertô, ere, vertî, versus# [#animus# + #advertô#], _to turn the mind to, perceive, notice_; #in aliquem animadvertere#, _to punish_.

#animal, âlis# [#anima#], n., _a living thing, an animal_.

#animus, î#, m., _mind, soul, reason_; _courage, spirit_; _temper, disposition_; in plur., _affections, allegiance_.

#Aniô, Aniênis#, m., a tributary of the Tiber.

#annâlis, is# [#annus#], adj., _yearly, annual_. As noun, #Annâlês# (sc. _librî_), _year-books, records_; strictly brief abstracts of contemporary events kept in early days by the Pontifex Maximus, and exposed to view on a white-washed plank set up at his official residence. #Annâlês# is a frequent title of Latin historical works.

#annôna, ae# [#annus#], f., _the year's crop_, esp. of grain; _corn supply_.

#annus, î#, m., _a year_.

#ante# (1) adv.; of space, _before, in front of_; of time, _before, previously, ago_; (2) prep. with acc., both of space and time, _in front of, before_.

#anteâ# [#ante#], adv., _before, formerly_.

#antecêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#anteeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#antequam# or #ante . . . quam#, conj., _before, until_.

#Antiochus, î#, m., _Antiochus_.

1. Antiochus the Great, king of Syria 223-187 B.C., conquered by Scipio Asiaticus in 190.

2. A philosopher, born at Ascalon in Palestine, whose lectures Cicero heard at Athens in 79 B.C.

#antîquus#, adj., _ancient_.

#Antônius, î#, m., a Roman gentile name.

1. _M. Antônius_, a friend of Julius Caesar and a member of the second triumvirate. He was defeated by Octavianus off Actium in 31 B.C., and killed himself the following year.

2. _C. Antônius Hybrida_, uncle of the triumvir, and consul with Cicero, B.C. 63.

#ânulus, î# [dim. of #ânus#, _a circle_], m., _a finger ring_.

#anus, ûs#, f., _an old woman_.

#anxius# [#angô#], adj., _anxious, troubled_.

#aper, aprî#, m., _a wild boar_.

#aperiô#, see #pariô#.

#apertê# [#apertus#], adv., _openly, plainly_.

#apertus# [orig. part. of #aperiô#], adj., _open, manifest_.

#Apollô, inis#, m., _Apollo_, the Greek god (worshiped by the Romans also) of poetry and music, divination and medicine. His chief shrine was at Delphi, in Greece.

#Apollônia, ae#, f., a city of Illyria, on the east coast of the Adriatic. Toward the close of the first century B.C. it was a famous seat of learning.

#Apollônius, î#, m., _Apollônius_, surnamed _Molô_, under whom Cicero studied rhetoric at Rhodes.

#apparâtus, ûs#, m., _equipment, preparation_; _splendor, pomp_.

#appâreô#, see #pâreô#.

#appellâtiô, ônis# [(2) #appellô#], f., _name, title_.

(1) #appellô#, see #pellô#.

(2) #appellô#, see #pellô#.

#Appennînus, î#, m., _the Apennines_, a range of mountains in Italy.

#Appius, î#, m., a Roman praenomen, esp. common in the Claudian gens.

#applaudô, ere, plausî, plausus# [#ad# + #plaudô#, _to clap the hands_], _to applaud_.

#appônô#, see #pônô#.

#apprehendô#, see #prehendô#.

#approbô#, see #probô#.

#appropinquô, âre, âvî, --# [#ad# + #propinquus#], _to draw near, approach_.

#aptê# [#aptus#], adv., _fitly, neatly_.

#aptus#, adj., _fitted, suited for, adapted to_.

#apud#, prep. with acc.; of place, _near_; of persons, _with, among, in the presence of, at the house of_; with the name of an author, _in the works of_.

#Âpûlia, ae#, f., _Apulia_, a district in the southeastern part of Italy.

#aqua, ae#, f., _water_.

#aquila, ae#, f., _an eagle_; _standard_ (a metal eagle, elevated upon a pole).

#aquilifer, ferî# [#aquila# + #ferô#], m., _standard bearer_.

#âra, ae#, f., _an altar_.

#arbiter, trî#, m., _witness, judge, umpire_.

#arbitrium, î# [#arbiter#], n., _judgment, decision_; _will, caprice_.

#arbitror, ârî, âtus sum# [#arbiter#], _to think, believe, consider_.

#arbor, oris#, f., _a tree_.

#arca, ae# [#arceô#], f., _chest, box_.

#arceô, êre, uî, --#, _to shut up, inclose_; _hinder, prevent_.

#con--coerceô, êre, uî, itus#, _to confine closely, shut in_; _restrain, check_.

#ex--exerceô, êre, uî, itus#, _to exercise, drill, employ_; #lêgem exercêre#, _to enforce a law_.

#arcessô, ere, îvî, îtus#, _to cause to come, summon, send for_.

#Ardea, ae#, f., _Ardea_, a town in Latium, about eighteen miles south of Rome.

#ârdêns, entis# [orig. part. of #ârdeô#, _to burn, glow_], adj., _glowing, fiery, bright_.

#ârdor, ôris# [#ârdeô#, _to burn, glow_], m., _heat, glow_; _zeal, enthusiasm, fire_.

#argentum, î#, n., _silver_; _money_.

#Argî, ôrum#, m., _Argos_, a city in the northeastern part of the Peloponnesus.

#Argîvus#, adj., of _Argos, Argive_.

#arguô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to show, prove_; _charge, accuse, blame_.

#âridus# [#âreô#, _to be dry_], adj., _dry, arid_.

#arma, ôrum#, n. pl., _arms, weapons_ (esp. for defense); _warfare_.

#armâtus# [orig. part. of #armô#], adj., _armed, in full armor_. As noun, #armâtî, ôrum#, m. pl., _armed men, soldiers_.

#Armenia, ae#, f., _Armenia_, a country in Asia, southeast of the Black Sea.

#armilla, ae# [#armus#, _shoulder, arm_], f., _a bracelet, armlet_.

#armô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#arma#], _to arm, equip_.

#Arpînum, î#, n., _Arpinum_, a town of the Volsci, fifty miles southeast of Rome; the birthplace of Marius and Cicero.

#ars, artis#, f., _skill, art, knowledge_; _accomplishment_, esp. in pl.; _device, stratagem_.

#artifex, icis# [#ars# + #faciô#], m., _workman, artist, builder_.

#artûs, uum#, m. pl., _joints, limbs_.

#Ârûns, untis#, m., a son of Tarquinius Superbus.

#arx, arcis# [#arceô#], f., _citadel, stronghold_.

#âs, assis#, m., _an as_, the unit of Roman coinage, orig. a pound of copper, but finally reduced to half an ounce. It was then worth about a cent.

#âscendô#, see #scandô#.

#Asia, ae#, f., _Asia_, esp. Asia Minor.

#Asiâticus#, adj., _Asiatic_. As noun, #Asiâticus, î#, m., (cognomen of Lucius Cornelius Scipio, conqueror of Antiochus.

#asper, aspera, asperum#, adj., _rough, bitter, sharp_; _harsh, violent, severe_.

#asperitâs, âtis# [#asper#], f., _roughness, harshness_; _acidity_ (of vinegar).

#âspernor#, see #spernô#.

#aspis, idis#, f., _an asp, viper_.

#âstûtia, ae# [#âstûtus#], f., _shrewdness, smartness, cleverness_.

#âstûtus# [#âstû#, _cunning_], adj., _smart, clever, shrewd, cunning_.

#asy:lum, î#, n., _place of refuge, asylum_.

#at#, conj., _but, but yet, nevertheless_.

#Athênae, ârum#, f. plur., _Athens_, the chief city of Greece, situated in Attica, in the southeastern part of central Greece.

#Athesis, is#, m., a river in Cisalpine Gaul, near which Marius defeated the Cimbri in 101 B.C.

#Atîlius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens. See #Rêgulus#.

#atque, ac#, conj., _and, and also_.

#atquî#, conj., _and yet, but yet, yet_.

#atrôciter# [#atrôx#], adv., _fiercely, cruelly_.

#atrôx, ôcis#, adj., _savage, fierce, cruel, horrible_.

#attentus#, adj., _attentive_.

#attonitus# [#attonô#, _to thunder at_], adj., _thunder-struck, awe-struck, overwhelmed_.

#Attus, î#, m., _Attus Nâvius_, an augur who defied Tarquinius Priscus.

#auctor, ôris# [#augeô#], m., _producer, originator, cause_.

#auctôritâs, âtis# [#auctor#], f., _authority, power_; _influence, weight, dignity_.

#aucupium, î# [#avis# + #capiô#], n., _bird-catching, fowling_.

#audâcia, ae# [#audâx#, _bold_], f., _boldness, daring_; _rashness, presumption_.

#audeô, êre, ausus sum#, _to venture, dare_.

#audiô, îre, îvî, îtus#, _to hear, listen to_; #dictô audiêns esse#, _to obey_.

#ex--exaudiô, îre, îvî, îtus#, _to hear clearly, distinguish_.

#auferô#, see #ferô#.

#aufugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#augeô, êre, auxî, auctus#, _to increase, enlarge_.

#augur, uris# [#avis#], m., _an augur, soothsayer_, a priest whose business it was to take the _auspicia_. See #auspicium#.

#augurium, î# [#augur#], n., _observance of omens, divination_; #augurium agere#, _to perform the augural ceremonies_.

#augustus# [#augeô#], adj., _majestic, venerable, imposing_.

#Augustus, î# [#augustus#], m., a title of honor given to Octavianus in B.C. 27, and after him to all the Roman emperors.

#aureus# [#aurum#], adj., _golden_.

#auris, is#, f., _ear_.

#aurum, î#, n., _gold_.

#auspicium, î# [#avis# + #*speciô#], n., _divination_ by noting the flight or cries of birds. In taking the #auspicia#, _auspices_, the augur sought to learn whether the gods favored or disapproved a proposed course of conduct.

#aut#, conj., _or_; #aut . . . aut#, _either . . . or_.

#autem#, conj., always postpositive, _but, however, moreover_.

#auxilium, î# [#augeô#], n., _help, aid_; plur., _auxiliary troops_ (usually foreign and light-armed troops).

#avâritia, ae# [#avârus#], f., _greed, avarice_.

#avârus#, adj., _greedy, grasping, covetous_.

#âvellô, ere, vellî, vulsus# [#ab# + #vellô#, _to pluck_], _to tear off_ or _away, sever_.

#Aventînus, î#, m. (sc. #môns#), _the Aventine_, one of the seven hills of Rome.

#Aventînus#, adj., _of_ or _on the Aventine_.

#aveô, êre, --, --#, _to fare well_, used only in the imperative #avê!# _hail! welcome! greetings!_

#âversor, ârî, âtus sum# [#âvertô#], _to scorn, repulse_.

#âvertô#, see #vertô#.

#avidê# [#avidus#], adv., _eagerly, greedily_.

#avidus#, adj., _desirous, eager, greedy_.

#avis, is#, f., _bird_; _sign, omen_.

#avîtus# [#avus#], adj., _ancestral_.

#âvocô#, see #vocô#.

#âvolô#, see (2) #volô#.

#avunculus# [dim. of #avus#], m., _uncle, mother's brother_.

#avus, î#, m., _grandfather, ancestor_.

#B#

#baculum, î#, n., _a staff, stick_.

#Bagrada(s), ae#, m., a river near Carthage.

#ballista, ae#, f., _the ballista_, a military engine for hurling stones.

#balneum, î#, n., _bath, bathing-place_.

#barba, ae#, f., _beard_.

#barbarus#, adj., _foreign, uncivilized, barbarous_. As noun, #barbarî, ôrum#, pl. m., _foreigners, barbarians_.

#bellâtor, ôris# [#bellô#], m., _fighter, brawler_; _warrior, soldier_.

#bellicôsus# [#bellicus#, _warlike_], adj., _warlike_.

#bellô, âre, âvî, âtum# [#bellum#], _to wage war, fight_.

#re--rebellô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to wage war again, rebel_.

#bellum, î# (orig. #duellum#, from #duo#), n., _war, warfare_.

#bêlua, ae#, f., _a wild beast_; of a person, _beast, brute, monster_.

#bene# [#bonus#], adv., _well, successfully_; comp. #melius#, sup. #optimê#.

#beneficium, î# [#bene# + #faciô#], n., _favor, kindness, service_.

#benevolentia, ae# [#bene# + (1) #volô#], f., _good will, kindly feeling_; _favor_.

#benîgnê# [#benîgnus#], adv., _kindly, courteously_.

#benîgnus#, adj., _kind, favorable_.

#bibliothêca, ae#, f., _library_.

#bibô, ere, î, --#, _to drink_.

#Bibulus, î#, m., _L. Calpurnius_, consul with Julius Caesar in 59 B.C.

#bîduum, î# [#bis# + #diês#], n., _a period of two days, two days' time_.

#bis# [orig. #duis#; cf. #duo#], num. adv., _twice_.

#blanditia, ae#, f., _flattery_; in pl., _blandishments, allurements_.

#Blosius, î#, m., gentile name of _C. Blosius Cûmânus_, a friend of C. Gracchus.

#Bocchus, î#, m., _Bocchus_, king of the Gaetuli, and ally of Jugurtha.

#Boiorix, icis#, m., _Boiorix_, chief of the Cimbri, defeated by Marius, 101 B.C.

#bonus#, comp. #melior#, sup. #optimus#, adj., _good_; as noun, #bonî, ôrum#, m. pl., _good men, loyal citizens_; #bona, ôrum#, n. pl., _goods, possessions_.

#bôs, bovis#, m. and f., _ox, cow_; pl., _cattle_.

#bracchium, î#, n., _forearm, arm_.

#brevî#, see #brevis#.

#brevis, e#, adj., _short_; #brevî# (sc. #tempore#), adv., _in a little while, soon_.

#Britannî, ôrum#, m. pl., _the inhabitants of England, the Britons_.

#Brundisium, î#, n., _Brundisium_, a seaport in southeastern Italy, the regular point of embarkation for Greece.

#Brûtus, î#, m., a cognomen in the Junian gens.

1. _L. Iûnius Brûtus_, the Liberator, nephew of Tarquinius Superbus, and consul with Collatinus in 509 B.C.

2. _M. Iûnius Brûtus_, one of the murderers of Julius Caesar, 44 B.C.

3. _D. Iûnius Brûtus_, an officer of Julius Caesar in Gaul, but afterwards one of his murderers.

#bulla, ae#, f., an _amulet_ or _charm_ for the neck, commonly of gold, though often of leather. It was worn by children of free birth, but laid aside with the _toga praetexta_ (see #praetextus#), and consecrated to the _Larês_, or gods of the hearth.

#C#

#C#, orig. = English _G_, later = both _C_ and _G_, finally = _C_ alone; with proper names = _Gâius_, a Roman praenomen.

#cadâver, eris# [#cadô#], n., _a corpse_.

#cadô, ere, cecidî, câsûrus#, _to fall_; _fall dead, be killed, die_; _happen_.

#ad--accidô, ere, cidî, --#, _to happen, befall, come to pass_.

#con--concidô, ere, cidî,--#, _to fall, be slain, perish_.

#in--incidô, ere, cidî,--#, _fall, fall into_ or _on, meet_; _happen, occur_; #incidere in aliquem#, _to happen in the time of anybody_.

#ob--occidô, ere, cidî, --#, _fall down, fall, perish_; _set_ (of the sun).

#re--recidô, ere, cidî, --#, _to fall back, return_; _fall_.

#caedês, is# [#caedô#], f., _slaughter, massacre_.

#caedô, ere, cecîdî, caesus#, _to cut, cut to pieces_; _kill, conquer, rout_; #virgîs caedere#, _to flog_.

#ob--occîdô, ere, cîdî, cîsus#, _to cut down, kill, slay_.

#prae--praecîdô, ere, cîdî, cîsus#, _to cut short, cut off_.

#caelestis, e# [#caelum#], adj., _from heaven, heavenly, celestial_.

#Caelius, î#, m. (sc. #môns#), _the Caelian hill_, one of the seven hills of Rome.

#caelum, î#, n., _the sky, heavens_.

#caenôsus# [#caenum#], adj., _foul, filthy_.

#caenum, î#, n., _mud, filth, mire_.

#Caesar, aris#, m., _Caesar_, a family name in the Julian gens.

1. _C. Iûlius Caesar_, the famous dictator, born 100 B.C., quaestor in 68, aedile in 65, praetor in 62, consul in 59; conquered Gaul, 58-50; engaged in civil war with Pompey and his supporters, 49-46; created perpetual dictator in 46; murdered, March 15, 44.

2. The grandson of Caesar's sister, _C. Octâvius_, was adopted by Caesar, and henceforth known as _C. Iûlius Caesar Octâviânus_. He was born 63 B.C., formed the second triumvirate with Antony and Lepidus in 44; with Antony's help defeated Brutus and Cassius, the murderers of Caesar, in 42, at Philippi; defeated Antony at Actium, in 31, and became sole master of the Roman world, which he ruled till his death in 14 A.D. See also #Augustus#.

#caesariês, --#, acc. #em#, f., _hair_ (of the head), _locks_ (only in sing.).

#calamitâs, âtis#, f., _calamity, disaster_.

#calcar, âris#, n., _a spur_.

#callidus#, adj., _shrewd, cunning, sly_.

#Calpurnia, ae#, f., _Calpurnia_, daughter of L. Calpurnius Piso, and wife of Julius Caesar.

#Calpurnius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens. See #Bibulus#.

#calvitium, î# [#calvus#], n., _baldness_.

#calvus#, adj., _bald_.

#Calvus, î# [#calvus#], m., cognomen of _C. Licinius Macer Calvus_, poet and orator, 82-47 B.C.

#Camers, ertis#, m., an inhabitant of Camerinum, a town of Umbria, a district in Central Italy.

#Campânia, ae#, f., a district on the west coast of Italy, south of Latium.

#Campânus#, adj., _Campanian_.

#campus, î#, m., _a field_, especially the #Campus Mârtius#, a plain lying between the Capitoline Hill and the Tiber, and thus orig. outside the walls. It was used as a place of exercise, as a parade ground and place for reviews. Later, elections were held there.

#candeô, êre, uî, --#, _to shine, glow_.

#ad--accendô, ere, î, cênsus#, _to set fire to, kindle, burn_; _arouse, fire, anger_.

#in--incendô, ere, î, cênsus#, _to set on fire_; _arouse, excite_.

#candidus# [#candeô#], adj., _white_.

#Canînius, î#, m., gentile name of _C. Canînius Rêbilus_, consul for a few hours on December 31, 45 B.C.

#canis, is#, m. and f., _a dog_.

#Cannae, ârum#, f. pl., a small town in Apulia in southeastern Italy.

#Cannênsis, e#, adj., _of_ or _at Cannae_.

#canô, ere, cecinî, --#, _to sing, chant, play_; _sound, give signal_.

#prae--praecinô, ere, uî, --#, _to play before_ (one).

#cantus, ûs# [#canô#], m., _song_; _note, cry_.

#Canusium, î#, n., a town in Apulia near Cannae.

#capesso, ere, îvî, îtus# [desid. of #capiô#], _to take eagerly, seize, resort to_.

#capillus, î# [#caput#], m., _the hair_.

#capiô, ere, cêpî, captus#, _to take, seize, capture_; #cônsilium capere#, _to form a plan_.

#ad--accipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take to one's self, receive, adopt_; _meet with, welcome_; _understand, interpret_.

#con--concipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take in, imagine, conceive_.

#dê--dêcipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take in, catch, deceive, cheat_.

#ex--excipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take out, appropriate, overhear_; _receive, greet_; _await, confront_.

#in--incipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take up, begin, undertake_.

#inter--intercipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to seize in passing, steal, usurp_.

#prae--praecipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptum#, _direct, bid, order_.

#re--recipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take back, recover_; _take, receive_; #sê recipere#, _to retreat, withdraw_.

#sub--suscipiô, ere, cêpî, ceptus#, _to take up, undertake, assume, succeed to_.

#Capitôlînus#, adj., _pertaining to the Capitol_.

#Capitôlium, î#, n., _the Capitol_, the chief temple of Jupiter in Rome; often, also, the hill on which this temple stood, the _Môns Capitôlînus_, the citadel of Rome.

#capra, ae#, f., _a she-goat_; #Caprae palûs#, _Goat Swamp_, in the Campus Martius.

#captîvus# [#capiô#], adj., _captive_; as noun, #captîvus, î#, m., _a prisoner, captive_.

#captô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #capiô#], _to seize eagerly, strive to seize, strive for_; _take in, deceive, trap_.

#Capua, ae#, f., a city in Campania noted for its luxury.

#capulus, î# [#capiô#], m., _hilt, handle_.

#caput, itis#, n., _the head, life_; _head_ or _capital_ of a nation; #capite damnâre#, _to condemn to death_.

#carbô, inis#, m., _a coal, charcoal_.

#Carbô, inis#, m., _C. Papîrius_, an enemy of Sulla, defeated by Pompey.

#carcer, eris#, n., _a prison_, esp. the state prison at Rome, built by Ancus Marcius, and known since the middle ages as the 'Mamertine Prison.' It lay at the foot of the Capitoline Hill, on the side towards the Forum. The historian Sallust thus describes it: "In the prison there is a place called the _Tulliânum_, about twelve feet below the surface of the ground. It is built with strong walls, and above it there is a room constructed with stone vaulting. It is a disgusting and horrible place on account of the filth, the darkness, and the stench."

#carnifex, ficis# [#carô#, _flesh_ + #faciô#], m., _executioner, butcher_.

#carpentum, î#, n., _a two-wheeled carriage_.

#carpô, ere, sî, tus#, _to pluck, tear_.

#dis--discerpô, ere, sî, tus#, _to pluck_ or _tear in pieces_.

#ex--excerpô, ere, sî, tus#, _to pluck out, choose, select_.

#Carthâginiênsis, e#, adj., _Carthaginian_.

#Carthâgô, inis#, f., _Carthage_, a city on the northern coast of Africa, colonized by Phoenicians from Tyre.

#Carthâgô Nova#, f., _New Carthage_, a city on the east coast of Spain, founded by the Carthaginians.

#cârus#, adj., _dear, beloved_; _costly_.

#casa, ae#, f., _a hut, cottage_.

#Casca, ae#, m., _C. Servîlius_, one of the murderers of Julius Caesar.

#Cassius, î#, m., gentile name of _C. Cassius Longînus_, one of the foremost conspirators against Caesar in 44 B.C.

#castellum, î# [dim. of #castrum#], n., _a stronghold, castle, fort_.

#castîgô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#castus#, _pure_ + #agô#], _to correct, punish, chastise_.

#castrum, î#, n., _a fortified place_; pl., #castra, ôrum#, _a camp_.

#câsus, ûs# [#cadô#], m., _that which befalls, accident, chance_; _misfortune, calamity_.

#catapulta, ae#, f., _an engine for hurling arrows, catapult_.

#catêna, ae#, f., _a chain, fetter_.

#Catilîna, ae#, m., _L. Sergius_, who conspired against the state during Cicero's consulship, 63 B.C.

#catîllus, î#, m., _a small dish, plate_.

#Catô, ônis#, m., _M. Porcius_, called _Uticênsis_, because he committed suicide at Utica in Africa, after the battle of Thapsus 46 B.C.

#Catullus, î#, m., _C. Valerius_, the famous lyric poet, 87-54 B.C.

#catulus, î#, m., _a young animal, cub_.

#Catulus, î#, m., _Q. Lutâtius_, who in 67 B.C. opposed the grant of extraordinary powers to Pompey for the war with the pirates.

#cauda, ae#, f., _tail_.

#causa, ae#, f., _cause, reason, occasion_; _case at law_; #causâ# (with preceding gen.), _for the sake of_, a common expression of purpose; #causam dîcere#, _to plead a case_ in court.

#cautus# [orig. part. of #caveô#], adj., _careful, wary, cautious_.

#cavea, ae# [#cavus#, _hollow_], f., _a cage_.

#caveô, êre, câvî, cautus#, _to be on one's guard, beware, guard against_.

#cêdô, ere, cessî, cessum#, _to go, move_; _to go from, retire_; _yield, submit_; #ex sententiâ cêdere#, _to turn out to one's satisfaction_.

#ab--abscêdô, ere, cessî, cessûrus#, _to go away, withdraw, depart_.

#ad--accêdô, ere, cessî, cessûrus#, _to go_ or _come to, move towards, approach_; _be added_.

#ante--antecêdô, ere, cessî, --#, _to go before, precede._

#con--concêdô, ere, cessî, cessus#, _to withdraw, retire, depart_; _yield, submit_; _allow, grant, concede_.

#dê--dêcêdô, ere, cessî, cessum#, _to go away, withdraw, depart_; _to die_ (sc. #vîtâ#).

#dis--discêdô, ere, cessî, cessum#, _to go away, depart_; _come off_.

#in--incêdô, ere, cessî, cessûrus#, _to advance, approach_; _march_; _move slowly_.

#prae--praecêdô, ere, cessî, cessûrus#, _to go before_.

#prô--prôcêdô, ere, cessî, cessum#, _to move forward, advance, make progress_.

#re--recêdô, ere, cessî, cessum#, _to move back, withdraw, retire, retreat_.

#sê--sêcêdô, ere, cessî, cessûrus#, _to retire, withdraw_.

#sub--succêdô, ere, cessî, cessum#, _to follow, succeed_; _be successful_.

#celeber, bris, bre#, adj., _famous_.

#celebrâtus# [part. of #celebrô#, _to throng_], adj., of a place, _thronged, frequented_; of persons, places, or things, _famous, brilliant_.

#celer, eris, ere#, adj., _swift, quick, lively_.

#celeritâs, âtis# [#celer#], f., _swiftness, speed, alertness_.

#celeriter# [#celer#], adv., _quickly, soon_.

#cella, ae#, f., _chamber, sanctuary, shrine_.

#cêlô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to hide, conceal_.

#Celtibêrî, ôrum#, m. pl., _the Celtiberi_, a tribe in Spain.

#cêna, ae#, f., _dinner_, the principal meal of the Romans, taken about three o'clock.

#cênô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#cêna#], _to dine, eat_.

#cênseô, êre, uî, us#, _to rate, value_; _be of the opinion, think_; _determine, decide_.

#cênsus, ûs# [#cênseô#], m., _an enumeration_ and _classification of the people_ according to wealth, _a census_.

#centiês# [#centum#], adv., _a hundred times_.

#centum#, indecl. num. adj., _a hundred_.

#centuria, ae# [#centum#], f., _a division of the army or the people_, containing a hundred persons, _a century_.

#centuriô, ônis# [#centuria#], m., _a commander of a century, centurion, captain_.

#cernô, ere, crêvî, certus# [#crêtus#], _to separate_; _see, perceive_; _decide, determine_.

#dê--dêcernô, ere, crêvî, crêtus#, _to decide, determine_; _decree, vote, entrust_ (by a decree); _contend, fight_.

#sê--sêcernô, ere, crêvî, crêtus#, _to separate, divide_.

#certâmen, inis# [#certô#], n., _match, trial_ of skill or strength; _contest, battle_.

#certâtim# [#certô#], adv., _in rivalry, zealously_.

#certê# [#certus#], adv., _certainly, surely_.

#certô, âre, âvî, âtum# [#certus#], _to vie with, contend_.

#certus# [orig. part. of #cernô#], adj., _determined, fixed_; _certain, definite, specified, assured_; #certiôrem facere#, _to inform_; #certior fierî#, _to be informed_.

#cervîx, îcis#, f., _neck, throat_.

#cessô, âre, âvî, âtum# [freq. of #cêdô#], _to be inactive, loiter, delay_.

#cêterum# [#cêterus#], adv. and conj., _for the rest, but, moreover, besides_.

#cêterî, ae, a#, adj., _the rest, the other, the others_.

#charta, ae#, f., _writing material, paper, sheet_ (of Egyptian papyrus).

#Chry:sogonus, î#, m., _L. Cornêlius_, a freedman of Sulla.

#cibârius# [#cibus#], adj., _pertaining to food_; #rês cibâria#, _provisions_.

#cibus, î#, m., _food, victuals_.

#cicâtrîx, îcis#, f., _a scar_.

#cicer, ciceris#, n., _a pea, chickpea_.

#Cicerô, ônis# [#cicer#], m., cognomen of _M. Tullius Cicerô_, the famous orator, born at Arpinum, 106 B.C.; quaestor in Sicily, 75; praetor, 66; consul, 63; killed by Antony's order in 43.

#Cimber, brî#, m., _a Cimbrian_, one of the Cimbri, the Teutonic tribe which, together with the Teutones, invaded Italy, and was defeated by Marius in 101 B.C.

#Cimbricus#, adj., _Cimbrian_.

#cingô, ere, cinxî, cinctus#, _to encircle, surround_; _gird, gird on, equip_; #obsidiône cingere#, _to blockade, besiege_.

#ad--accingô, ere, cinxî, cinctus#, _to gird, gird on, equip, arm_.

#sub--succingô, ere, cinxî, cinctus#, _to gird, arm, equip_.

#cinis, eris#, m., _ashes_.

#Cinna, ae#, m., _L. Cornêlius_, leader with Marius of the popular party.

#circâ#, adv. and prep, with acc., _around, round about, throughout_.

#circum#, adv. and prep, with acc., _around, about_.

#circumdô#, see #dô#.

#circumfundô#, see #fundô#.

#circumstô#, see #stô#.

#circumveniô#, see #veniô#.

#circus, î#, m., _a circle, enclosure_ for athletic sports, esp. chariot-races; #Circus Mâximus#: see p. 18, n. 6.

#citerior, ôris#, adj., _on this side, hither, nearer_.

#citô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #cieô#, _to set in motion_], _to rouse, urge on_; _summon_.

#con--concitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to rouse, excite_; _move, instigate_.

#ex--excitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call or bring forth_; _rouse, excite_.

#in--incitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _urge on, arouse, incite_.

#cîvicus# [#cîvis#], adj., _of citizens, civic_; #cîvica corôna#, _the civic crown_, given to a soldier who saved the life of a citizen in battle.

#cîvîlis, e# [#cîvis#], adj., _of citizens, civil, civic_; _courteous, polite_.

#cîvis, is#, m., _citizen, fellow-citizen_.

#cîvitâs, âtis# [#cîvis#], f., _citizenship_; _state, body of citizens_.

#clâdês, is#, f., _disaster, overthrow, defeat_; #clâdem accipere#, _to sustain a defeat_; #clâde adficere#, _to defeat_.

#clam# [#cêlô#], adv., _secretly_.

#clâmitô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #clâmô#], _to cry aloud, shout loudly_.

#clâmô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to shout_.

#ad--acclâmô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to shout loudly, exclaim_.

#con--conclâmô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _cry out together, shout_.

#ex--exclâmô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to cry out, shout aloud, exclaim_.

#in--inclâmô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _shout loudly_; _cry out to, call upon, appeal to_.

#prô--prôclâmô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to call, cry out, proclaim_.

#sub--succlâmô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to shout in answer, to answer loudly_.

#clâmor, ôris# [#clâmô#], m., _shout, cry, noise_.

#clandestînus# [#clam#], adj., _secret_.

#clangor, ôris#, m., _noise, clash, clang_.

#clârus#, adj., _bright_; _famous, renowned_; of sound, _clear, loud_.

#classicum, î# [#classis#], n. (sc. #sîgnum#), _battle signal_ on the trumpet.

#classis, is#, f., _a class_ or _division of citizens_; _a fleet_.

#Claudia, ae#, f., a sister of Appius Claudius Pulcher.

#Claudius, î#, m., the name of a famous Roman gens.

1. _Appius Claudius_, one of the Decemvirs of 451 B.C.

2. _Appius Claudius Pulcher_, consul in 249 B.C., and defeated in a naval battle off Drepanum in Sicily.

#claudô, ere, clausî, clausus#, _to shut, close_; _shut in, imprison_.

#ex--exclûdô, ere, clûsî, clûsus#, _to shut out, exclude_.

#in--inclûdô, ere, clûsî, clûsus#, _to shut in, enclose_; _imprison_.

#clausula, ae# [#claudô#], f., _conclusion_.

#clâvus, î#, m., _a nail_.

#clêmêns, entis#, adj., _gentle, kindly, merciful_.

#clêmenter# [#clêmêns#], adv., _quietly, mercifully, mildly_.

#clêmentia, ae# [#clêmêns#], f., _mercifulness, forbearance, kindness_.

#Cleopatra, ae#, f., the famous queen of Egypt, renowned for her wit and beauty. She lived 69-30 B.C.

#cliêns, entis# [orig. #cluêns#, from #clueô#, _to hear_], m., _a vassal, dependent, client_. The #clientês# attached themselves to some patrician, who aided them in business, esp. legal business, and was practically their father or guardian. The clients in turn were bound to respect and serve their patron, and to assist him financially, esp. in ransoming him, if captured, and in providing a marriage portion for his daughters.

#clîvus, î#, m., _ascent, slope, hill_; #Clîvus Capitôlînus#, a street running up from the Forum to the Capitol.

#Clôdius, î#, m., plebeian form of Claudius, the gentile name of _P. Clôdius Pulcher_, Cicero's enemy, who, as tribune of the people, brought about his banishment.

#Clypea, ae#, f., a fortified town in Africa, near Carthage.

#Cn.#, abbreviation of the name #Gnaeus#.

#coepî, coepisse, coeptus#, _to begin_.

#coerceô#, see #arceô#.

#côgitâtiô, ônis# [#côgitô#], f., _thought, consideration, plan_.

#côgitô#, see #agitô#.

#côgnâtiô, ônis# [#côgnâtus#], f., _blood relationship, ties of blood_.

#côgnâtus# [#con# + #(g)nâscor#], adj., _related by blood_; as noun, _a kinsman, blood relation_.

#côgnitiô, ônis# [#côgnôscô#], f., _a legal investigation, judicial hearing_; #côgnitiônem înstituere#, _to hold a hearing_.

#côgnômen, inis# [#con# + #(g)nômen#], n., a name added to the individual and clan names of a person; _a surname_, either as a title of honor, as #Âfricânus, Mâgnus, Torquâtus#, or as a nickname, as #Cicerô#. _Côgnômina_ served to distinguish different families of the same gens.

#côgnôminô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#côgnômen#], _to surname, call_.

#côgnôscô#, see #nôscô#.

#côgô#, see #agô#.

#cohors, ortis#, f., _cohort, company_ (the tenth part of a legion). See #legiô#.

#Collâtia, ae#, f., a Sabine town near Rome.

#Collâtînus, î#, m., _L. Tarquinius_, the husband of Lucretia, and one of the first two consuls, 509 B.C.

#collis, is#, m., _a hill_.

#collum, î#, n., _neck_.

#colô, ere, uî, cultus#, to _till, cultivate_; _dwell in_; _practice, cherish_; _clothe, adorn_; _honor, esteem_.

#ex--excolô, ere, uî, cultus#, _to cultivate, improve, adorn_; _refine_.

#in--incolô, ere, uî, --#, _to dwell, dwell in, live_.

#colônia, ae# [#colô#], f., _a colony, settlement_.

#columba, ae#, f., _a dove, pigeon_.

#com, con, co#, forms of the prep. #cum#, found only in compound words. See #cum#.

#combûrô#, see #ûrô#.

#comes, itis# [#con# + (1) #eô#], m., _companion, comrade_; _attendant, follower_.

#cômitâs, âtis# [#cômis#, _courteous_], f., _courtesy, kindness_.

#comitâtus, ûs# [#comitor#], m., _escort, train_.

#comitium, î# [#con# + (1) #eô#], n., _the Comitium_, a place adjoining the Forum Romanum, where the voters assembled; #comitia, ôrum#, _the comitia_, an assembly of the people (esp. for elections); _election_; #comitia indîcere#, _to set a date for an election_.

#comitor, ârî, âtus sum# [#comes#], _to accompany_.

#commeâtus, ûs#, m., _a furlough_.

#commendô#, see #mandô#.

#commigrô#, see #migrô#.

#commîlitô, ônis# [#con# + #mîles#], m., _fellow-soldier, comrade_.

#comminus# [#con# + #manus#], adv., _hand to hand, at close quarters_.

#committô#, see #mittô#.

#commodê# [#commodus#], adv., _properly, fittingly, rightly_.

#commodus# [#con# + #modus#], adj., _in due measure, suitable, fit, convenient_.

#commoveô#, see #moveô#.

#commûniô#, see #mûniô#.

#commûnis, e# [#con# + #mûnus#], adj., _common, joint, general_.

#commûniter# [#commûnis#], adv., _in common, together_.

#commûtô#, see #mûtô#.

#cômô#, see #emô#.

#compâr, paris# [#con# + #pâr#], adj., _equal to, like_; _fitting, suitable_.

#comparô#, see #parô#.

#compellô#, see #pellô#.

#comperiô#, see #pariô#.

#compês, edis# [#con# + #pês#], f., usually in the pl., _shackles, fetters_.

#complector, î, plexus sum#, _to embrace_.

#compleô#, see #*pleô#.

#complôrâtiô, ônis# [#complôrô#, _to bewail_], f., _lamentation, wailing_.

#complûrês, a# or #ia# [#con# + #plûs#], adj., _several, many, very many_.

#compônô#, see #pônô#.

#compos, potis# [#con# + #potis#, _able_], adj., _master of_; #vôtî compos fierî#, _to gain one's heart's desire_.

#compositum, î# [#compônô#], n., _agreement_.

#comprehendô#, see #prehendô#.

#comprimô#, see #premô#.

#comprobô#, see #probô#.

#computô#, see #putô#.

#con#, see #com#.

#concêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#concidô#, see #cadô#.

#conciliô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#concilium#], _to bring together, conciliate_; _win over, secure_.

#re--reconciliô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to reunite, reconcile_.

#concilium, î# [#con# + #calô#, _to call_], n., _assembly, gathering_.

#concipiô#, see #capiô#.

#concitô#, see #citô#.

#conclâmô#, see #clâmô#.

#concordia, ae# [#con# + #cor#, _heart_], f., _union, harmony, concord_.

#concupîscô, ere, cupîvî, cupîtus# [#con# + #cupiô#], _to desire greatly, crave_.

#concurrô#, see #currô#.

#concursus, ûs# [#concurrô#], m., _a concourse, throng_; _attack, charge, onset_.

#condemnô#, see #damnô#.

#condiciô, ônis# [#condîcô#, _to agree_], f., _agreement, stipulation, terms_.

#condô#, see #dô#.

#condûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#cônferô#, see #ferô#.

#cônfertus# [part. of #cônferciô#, _to stuff together_], adj., _crowded, dense_.

#cônfessiô, ônis# [#cônfiteor#], f., _confession, acknowledgment_.

#cônfêstim#, adv., _immediately, at once_.

#cônficiô#, see #faciô#.

#cônfîdentia, ae# [#cônfîdô#, _to trust_], f., _boldness, assurance, confidence_.

#cônfîrmâtus# [orig. part. of #cônfîrmô#], adj., _courageous, resolute_.

#cônfîrmô#, see #fîrmô#.

#cônfiteor#, see #fateor#.

#cônflagrô, âre, âvî, --# [#con# + #flagrô#, _to burn_], _to burn, be destroyed_ (by fire).

#cônflîgô#, see #*flîgô#.

#cônflô#, see #flô#.

#cônfluô#, see #fluô#.

#cônfodiô#, see #fodiô#.

#cônfugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#congerô#, see #gerô#.

#congredior#, see #gradior#.

#congressus, ûs# [#congredior#], m., _meeting, interview, encounter, fight_.

#congruô, ere, î, --#, _to agree, tally_.

#coniciô#, see #iaciô#.

#coniungô#, see #iungô#.

#coniunx# or #coniux# [#coniungô#], m. and f., _married person, husband, wife_.

#coniûrâtiô, ônis# [#coniûrô#], f., _a conspiracy, plot_.

#coniûrâtî, ôrum# [orig. part. of #coniûrô#], m. pl., _conspirators_.

#coniûrô#, see #iûrô#.

#coniux#, see #coniunx#.

#conlaudô#, see #laudô#.

#conlêga, ae# [#con# + #legô#], m., _one chosen at the same time, a colleague_.

#conligô#, see #legô#.

#conlocô#, see #locô#.

#conloquium, î# [#conloquor#], n., _an interview, conference_.

#conloquor#, see #loquor#.

#cônor, ârî, âtus sum#, to _attempt, try_.

#conqueror#, see #queror#.

#conquîrô#, see #quaerô#.

#cônsalûtô#, see #salûtô#.

#cônscendô#, see #scandô#.

#cônscientia, ae# [#con# + #sciô#], f., _consciousness, knowledge_.

#cônscîscô#, see #scîscô#.

#cônscius# [#con# + #sciô#], adj., _acquainted with, aware of_.

#cônscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#cônscrîptus# [orig. part. of #cônscrîbô#], adj., _enrolled_; #patrês cônscrîptî#, the official title of the senators. Roman writers took this phrase as = #patrês et cônscrîptî#, explaining #patrês# as _patricians_, of whom orig. the senate was wholly composed, and #cônscrîptî# as denoting the plebeians newly enrolled in the senate in 509 B.C., after the expulsion of the kings. It may, however, = _enrolled patricians_, to distinguish the senators from the patricians who were not enrolled in the senate.

#cônsecrô#, see #sacrô#.

#cônsênsus, ûs# [#cônsentiô#], m., _united opinion, consent, agreement_.

#cônsentiô#, see #sentiô#.

#cônsequor#, see #sequor#.

#cônserô#, see #serô#.

#cônservô#, see #servô#.

#cônsîderô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to look at closely, examine, reflect, consider_.

#cônsîdô#, see #sîdô#.

#cônsilium, î# [cf. #cônsulô#], n., _plan, scheme_; _judgment, wit, sense, shrewdness_; #cônsilium capere# or #inîre#, _to plan_.

#cônsistô#, see #sistô#.

#cônsobrînus, î# [#con# + #soror#], m., _first-cousin, cousin_.

#cônsôlor, ârî, âtus sum# [#con# + #sôlor#, _to comfort_], _to comfort, cheer_.

#cônspectus, ûs# [#cônspiciô#], m., _sight, view_.

#cônspiciô#, see #*speciô#.

#cônspicuus# [#cônspiciô#], adj., _in plain sight, conspicuous, remarkable_.

#cônspîrâtiô, ônis# [#cônspîrô#, _to breathe together, plot_], f., _a plot_.

#cônspîrâtî, ôrum# [#cônspîrô#, _to plot_], m. pl., _conspirators_.

#cônstâns, antis# [orig. part. of #cônstô#], adj., _of strong character, firm, resolute_; _steadfast, consistent_.

#cônstanter# [#cônstâns#], adv., _firmly, resolutely, steadfastly_.

#cônstantia, ae# [#cônstâns#], f., a typical Roman virtue, _strength of character, steadiness of purpose, firmness_; _courage, faithfulness_.

#cônsternô#, see #sternô#.

#cônstituô#, see #statuô#.

#cônstô#, see #stô#.

#cônsuêscô#, see #suêscô#.

#cônsuêtûdô, inis# [#cônsuêtus#, part. of #cônsuêscô#], f., _habit, custom_.

#cônsul, ulis#, m., _a consul_, the title given to the two highest officials of the Roman republic. The office was created in 509 B.C. At first its powers were equal to those of the kings, except in religious matters. Later, certain of these powers were transferred to other magistrates. The consuls were elected annually; their joint names were used in giving dates. At the close of their official term, the consuls usually governed a province for a year as proconsuls.

#cônsulâris, e# [#cônsul#], adj., _of consular rank_; as noun, _an ex-consul_.

#cônsulâtus, ûs# [#cônsul#], m., _consulship_.

#cônsulô, ere, uî, tus#, _to take counsel, deliberate_; _to take counsel with, to consult_; #graviter cônsulere#, _to take vigorous measures_.

#cônsultô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #cônsulô#], _to take counsel, deliberate_.

#cônsûmô#, see #sûmô#.

#contemnô, ere, tempsî, temptus#, _to despise, scorn_.

#contemptor, ôris# [#contemnô#], m., _one who despises, scorner_.

#contendô#, see #tendô#.

#contentiô, ônis# [#contendô#], f., _straining, effort, energy_; _dispute, strife_.

#contentus# [orig. part. of #contineô#], adj., _content, satisfied with_.

#continentia, ae# [#contineô#], f., _self-restraint, moderation_.

#contineô#, see #teneô#.

#contingô#, see #tangô#.

#continuô# [#continuus#], adv., _forthwith, straightway_.

#continuus# [#contineô#], adj., _uninterrupted, continuous, successive, incessant_.

#côntiô, ônis# [orig. #co(n)ventiô#, from #conveniô#], f., _an assembly, meeting_.

#contrâ#, prep. with acc., _against, contrary to_.

#contrahô#, see #trahô#.

#contrârius# [#contrâ#], adj., _opposite, contrary_.

#contubernâlis, is# [#con# + #taberna#, _a tent_], m., _tent-companion, comrade_.

#contumêlia, ae#, f., _insult, reproach, abuse_.

#contundô# [#con# + #tundô#, _to beat, strike_], _to crush, destroy_.

#contus, î#, m., _a pole, pike_.

#cônûbium, î# [#con# + #nûbô#], n., _marriage, right of intermarriage_.

#convalêscô, ere, valuî, --# [#con# + #valeô#], _to begin to be well, recover_.

#conveniêns, entis# [#conveniô#], adj., _agreeing or consistent with, befitting_.

#conveniô#, see #veniô#.

#convertô#, see #vertô#.

#convincô#, see #vincô#.

#convîvium, î# [#con# + #vîvô#], n., _a feast_.

#convocô#, see #vocô#.

#coorior#, see #orior#.

#cophinus, î#, m., _a basket_.

#côpia, ae# [#co(n)# + #ops#], f., _abundance, supply_; _opportunity_; in pl., _resources, forces, troops_.

#côpiôsê# [#côpiôsus#], adv., _abundantly_; _of speech, fluently, eloquently_.

#côpiôsus# [#côpia#], adj., _abounding in, well supplied_.

#coquus, î#, m., _a cook_.

#côram# [#co(n)# + #ôs#], adv., _before one's eyes, in person_; prep. with abl., _before, in the presence of_.

#corium, î#, n., _skin, hide_.

#Cornêlia, ae#, f., _Cornelia_.

1. A daughter of P. Scipio Africanus Maior, and mother of the Gracchi.

2. A daughter of L. Cornelius Cinna, first wife of Julius Caesar.

#Cornêlius, î#, m., the name of a very important Roman gens. See #Cinna, Cossus, Lentulus, Scîpiô#, and #Sulla#.

#cornû, ûs#, n., _horn_; _wing_ (of an army).

#corôna, ae#, f., _a crown, garland_. See #cîvicus#.

#corpus, oris#, n., _a body_.

#corrigô#, see #regô#.

#corripiô#, see #rapiô#.

#corrumpô#, see #rumpô#.

#corruô#, see #ruô#.

#corvus, î#, m., _a raven_. In XVI. 3 it may be translated _grappling-iron_, though the reference is rather to a wooden boarding bridge, which swung freely round a pole in the prow of the ship. In battle it was dropped upon the deck of a hostile vessel and held there by a sharp iron spike in its under side.

#côs, côtis#, f., _flint stone, whetstone_.

#Cossus, î#, m., _A. Cornêlius_, consul in 343 B.C.

#cottîdiânus# [#cottîdiê#, _daily_], adj., _daily_; _usual, customary_; _everyday, commonplace_.

#Crassus, î#, m., _M. Licinius_, called _Dîves_ because of his enormous wealth; consul in 70 B.C., and triumvir with Caesar and Pompey in 60; defeated and killed by the Parthians 53 B.C.

#crêber, bra, brum#, adj., _crowded, numerous, incessant_.

#crêdô, ere, crêdidî, crêditus#, _to lend, entrust to_; _believe in, trust_; _believe, think_.

#Cremera, ae#, f., a river in Etruria, near Veii.

#cremô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to burn_.

#Cremôna, ae#, f., a town on the river Po.

#creô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to make, create_; _to choose, elect_.

#re--recreô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to renew, revive, encourage_.

#crêscô, ere, crêvî, crêtus#, _to grow, increase_.

#in--incrêscô, ere, crêvî, --#, _to grow upon_; _grow, increase_.

#crîminor, ârî, âtus sum# [#crîmen#, _a charge_], _to complain of, denounce_; with infin., _to charge_.

#crînis, is#, m., _hair_.

#cruciâtus, ûs# [#cruciô#], m., _torture, torment_.

#cruciô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#crux#], _to crucify, torture, torment_.

#crûdêlis, e#, adj., _cruel, unfeeling_.

#crûdêlitâs, âtis# [#crûdêlis#], f., _cruelty_.

#cruentus# [cf. #cruor#], adj., _blood-stained_.

#crumêna, ae#, f., _a purse, money bag_.

#cruor, ôris#, m., _running blood, gore_.

#crûs#, #crûris#, n., _a leg_.

#crux#, #crucis#, f., _cross, gallows_.

#crystallinus# [#crystallum#, _crystal_], adj., _of crystal_; as noun, #crystallinum, î# (sc. #vâs#), n., _a vase of crystal_.

#cubiculum, î# [#cubô#], n., _a bedchamber_.

#cubô, âre, uî, itum#, _to lie down, recline_; _to lie sick_.

#re--recubô, âre, --, --#, _to lie on one's back, lie, recline_.

#cûiâs, âtis#, interr. pron., _of what country? whence?_

#culpa, ae#, î., _fault, guilt_.

#cultellus, î# [dim. of #culter#], m., _a small knife_.

#culter, trî#, m., _knife, dagger_.

#cultus, ûs# [#colô#], m., _cultivation; refinement, luxury_; _mode of living, style_.

#cum#, prep. with abl., _with, together with, at the same time with_. In composition the forms #com, con#, and #co# are used, and denote (1) accompaniment, (2) intensity.

#cum#, conj.; of time, _when, while, whenever_; of cause, _since_; of concession, _although_; #cum . . . tum#, _both . . . and, not only . . . but also_.

#*cumbô#, an old verb, same root as #cubô#.

#ad--accumbô, ere, cubuî, cubitum#, _to lie or recline_ (esp. at table).

#in--incumbô, ere, cubuî, cubitum#, _to lie or lean upon_; _devote one's self_.

#ob--occumbô, ere, cubuî, cubitum#, _to fall_ (in death), _die_.

#prô--prôcumbô, ere, cubuî, cubitum#, _to fall forward, fall prostrate_.

#cunctâtiô, ônis# [#cunctor#], f., _delay_.

#Cunctâtor, ôris# [#cunctor#], m., _Delayer_, a name given to Q. Fabius Maximus.

#cunctor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to delay, linger_.

#cupidê# [#cupidus#], adv., _eagerly_.

#cupiditâs, âtis# [#cupidus#], f., _craving, desire, eagerness_.

#cupîdô, inis# [cf. #cupidus#], f., _desire, craving, greed_.

#cupidus# [#cupiô#], adj., _desirous, fond_; _greedy, covetous_.

#cupiô, ere, îvî (iî), îtus#, _to crave, desire, covet_.

#cûr#, adv., _why? for what reason?_

#cûra, ae#, f., _care, anxiety_.

#Curês, îum#, f. pl., a Sabine town.

#Cûria, ae#, f., _a curia, ward_, one of the ten divisions into which each of the three orig. Roman tribes was divided; _council chamber_, esp. the Roman _Senate-house_, either the _Cûria Hostîlia_, adjoining the Forum on the north side, or the _Cûria Pompêia_, built by Pompey in the Campus Martius. In the latter Caesar was murdered.

#Cûriâtius, î#, m., name of the three Alban brothers who fought with the Horatii.

#Curius, î#, m., gentile name of _Mânius Curius Dentâtus_, a famous Roman hero, renowned for his frugality and simplicity of life. He died in 270 B.C.

#cûrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#cûra#], _to care for, attend to_; with gerundive and infin., _see to it that, take care that_.

#prô--prôcûrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, to _care for, attend to_; of omens, _to avert by sacrifices_.

#currô, ere, cucurrî, cursum#, _to run_.

#ad--accurrô, ere, (cu)currî, cursum#, _to run, to, hasten towards_.

#con--concurrô, ere, (cu)currî, cursum#, _to run together_; _to rush together_ (in battle), _charge, fight_.

#dê--dêcurrô, ere, (cu)curri, cursum#, _to run down, hasten down_.

#dis--discurrô, ere, (cu)currî, cursum#, _to run in different directions_; _wander, roam_.

#ob--occurrô, ere, (cu)currî, cursum#, _to run to meet, meet_; _withstand, oppose_.

#sub--succurrô, ere, î, --#, _to run to, help, aid_.

#currus, ûs# [#currô#], m., _a chariot_.

#cursus, ûs# [#currô#], m., _running_; _journey, passage, course_; _speed_.

#curûlis, e# [#currus#], adj., _of a chariot_. #Sella curûlis#, see #sella#.

#cûstôdia, ae# [#cûstôs#], f., _watching_; _guard-house, prison_; pl., _pickets, watchmen_.

#cûstôdiô, îre, îvî, îtus# [#cûstôs#], _to watch, guard, defend_.

#cûstôs, ôdis#, m. and f., _guardian, protector_.

#Cy:rus, î#, m., Cyrus the Great, 559-529 B.C., founder of the Persian empire.

#D#

#D.#, abbreviation of the name #Decimus#.

#Dâcî, ôrum#, m. pl., _the Dacians_, a people living on the north of the Danube.

#damnâtiô, ônis# [#damnô#], f., _condemnation_.

#damnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to judge guilty, condemn_; #capite damnâre#, _to condemn to death_.

#con--condemnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to find guilty, condemn, sentence_.

#dê#, prep, with abl.; of place, _from, down from, out of_; of time, _after, during_; of cause, _in consequence of, through_; of relation, _concerning, in respect to_. In compounds it generally denotes thoroughness, but occasionally has negative force.

#dea, ae#, f., _a goddess_.

#deambulô#, see #ambulô#.

#dêbeô#, see #habeô#.

#dêbilis# [#dê# + #habilis#], adj., _weak, disabled, helpless_.

#dêcêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#decem#, indecl. num. adj., _ten_.

#december, bris, bre#, adj., _tenth_; as noun, #December# (sc. #mênsis#), m., _December, the tenth month_ (counting from March, with which the Roman year originally began).

#decemvir, î# [#decem# + #vir#], m., _a member of a commission of ten men, a decemvir_.

#dêcernô#, see #cernô#.

#decet, êre, uit#, impers., _it is fitting_.

#decimus# [#decem#], num. adj., _tenth_.

#Decimus, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#dêcipiô#, see #capiô#.

#Decius, î#, m., the gentile name of _P. Decius Mûs_, consul B.C. 340.

#dêclârô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#dê# + #clârus#], _to make clear, disclose_; _show, declare_.

#decorô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#decus#], _to adorn, deck_.

#dêcurrô#, see #currô#.

#decus, oris#, n., _grace, glory, honor, splendor, ornament_.

#dêcutiô#, see #quatiô#.

#dêditîcius, î# [#dêditus#], m., _a captive_.

#dêditiô, ônis# [#dêdô#], f., _a surrender_.

#dêditus# [orig. part. of #dêdô#], adj., _surrendered_; #devoted to, addicted to#. As noun, #dêditus, î#, m., _a captive_.

#dêdô#, see #dô#.

#dêdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#dêfatîgâtiô, ônis#, f., _weariness_.

#dêfendô#, see #*fendô#.

#dêfênsiô, ônis# [#dêfendô#], f., _a defense_.

#dêfênsor, ôris# [#dêfendô#], m., _a defender_.

#dêferô#, see #ferô#.

#dêfessus#, adj., _worn out, weary_.

#dêficiô#, see #faciô#.

#dêfîgô#, see #fîgô#.

#deflectô#, see #flectô#.

#dêfôrmitâs, âtis# [#dêfôrmis#, _ugly_], f., _ugliness, disfigurement_.

#dêfungor#, see #fungor#.

#dêgô#, see #agô#.

#dêhonestô, âre, --, --# [#dê# + #honestô# (cf. #honôs#), _to honor_], _to disgrace, dishonor_.

#dêiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#dein#, see #deinde#.

#deinceps#, adv., _one after the other, in succession_; _next_; _thereafter, in the future_.

#deinde# or #dein# [#dê# + #inde#], adv., _subsequently_; _then, next_; _thereafter, from that time on_.

#dêlâbor#, see #lâbor#.

#dêlêctô, âre, âvi, âtus# [#dê# + #laciô#], to _delight, please, entertain_.

#dêlêctus# [orig. part. of (1) #dêligô#], adj., _picked, choice_.

#dêlêctus, ûs# [(1) #dêligô#], m., _a picking out, a levy, draft_; #dêlêctum agere# or #habêre#, _to hold a levy_.

#dêleô, êre, êvî, êtus#, _to blot out, destroy_.

#dêlîberâbundus# [#dêlîberô#], adj., _pondering, reflecting_.

#dêlîberô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#dê# + #lîbra#, _a balance_], _to weigh_ (consider) _well, deliberate, ponder_.

#dêlicâtê# [#dêlicâtus#], adv., _luxuriously, effeminately_.

#dêlicâtus# [cf. #dêliciae#], adj., _devoted to pleasure, luxurious, effeminate_.

#dêliciae, ârum#, pl. f., _delights, pleasure, luxury_.

(1) #dêligô#, see #legô#.

(2) #dêligô, âre#, see #ligô#.

#delîrô, âre, --, --# [#dê# + #lîra#, _a furrow_], _to be crazy_.

#dêlitêscô, ere, lituî, --# [#dê# + #lateô#, _to hide_], _lie hid, be concealed_.

#Delphi, ôrum#, pl. m., _Delphi_, a town of Phocis in Central Greece, renowned for its oracle of Apollo.

#dêmissê# [#dêmissus#, _modest_], adv., _modestly, humbly, abjectly_.

#dêmittô#, see #mittô#.

#dêmoror#, see #moror#.

#dêmum#, adv., _at last, finally_; #tum dêmum#, _then at last, not till then_.

#dênârius, î#, m., a silver coin, equivalent orig. to 10, afterwards to 16, asses. Its value varied from 16 to 20 cents.

#dênegô#, see #negô#.

#dênique#, adv., _thereafter, thereupon_; _at last, finally_; _briefly, in short_.

#dênûntiô#, see #nûntiô#.

#dênuô# [#dê# + #novô#], adv., _anew, again_.

#deôsculor#, see #ôsculor#.

#dêpellô#, see #pellô#.

#dêpereô#, see #pereô#.

#dêpônô#, see #pônô#.

#dêpôscô#, see #pôscô#.

#dêprecor#, see #precor#.

#dêprehendô#, see #prehendô#.

#dêrîdeô#, see #rîdeô#.

#dêscendô#, see #scandô#.

#dêscîscô#, see #scîscô#.

#dêscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#dêserô#, see #serô#.

#dêsîderium, î# [#dêsîderô#], n., _longing, yearning_; _regret_.

#dêsîderô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to long for_; _require, need_.

#dêsiliô#, see #saliô#.

#dêsipiêns, entis# [orig. part. of #dêsipiô#], adj., _foolish, silly_. As noun, #dêsipiêns, entis#, m., _a fool, madman_.

#dêsipiô#, see #sapiô#.

#dêsistô#, see #sistô#.

#dêspêrâtiô, ônis# [#dêspêrô#], f., _despair, desperation_.

#dêspêrô#, see #spêrô#.

#dêspiciô#, see #*speciô#.

#dêspondeô#, see #spondeô#.

#dêstinô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to make fast, fix_; _resolve, design, plan_.

#dêstringô#, see #stringô#.

#dêsum#, see #sum#.

#dêsuper# [#dê# + #super#], adv., _from above_.

#dêtegô#, see #tegô#.

#dêterreô#, see #terreô#.

#dêtineô#, see #teneô#.

#dêtrahô#, see #trahô#.

#dêtrêctô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#dê# neg. + #trâctô#, _to handle, manage_], _to decline, shirk_.

#dêtrîmentum, î# [#dêterô#, _to rub away_], n., _loss, damage_.

#deûrô#, see #ûrô#.

#deus, î#, m., _a god, divinity_.

#dêvincô#, see #vincô#.

#dêvolô#, see (2) #volô#.

#dêvoveô#, see #voveô#.

#dexter, era, erum#, and #tra, trum#, adj., _right_. As noun, #dextra# (sc. #manus#), f., _the right hand_.

#diadêma, atis#, n., _a royal crown, diadem_.

#Diâna, ae#, f., an ancient Italian goddess, identified by the Romans with the Greek Artemis, goddess of the moon and the chase.

#dîcô, ere, dîxî, dictus#, _to say, speak_; _call, name_; _appoint_; #causam dîcere#, _to plead a case_; #diem dîcere alicuî#, _to bring a complaint against some one_; #iûs dîcere#, _to administer justice, hold court_; #multam dîcere#, _to impose a fine_.

#ad--addîcô, ere, dîxî, dictus#, _to be propitious to, assent_; with acc., _to adjudge, award_.

#ê--êdîcô, ere, dîxî, dictus#, _to make known, proclaim_; _order, command_; #diem êdîcere#, _to set a day_ (by public proclamation).

#in--indîcô, ere, dîxî, dictus#, _to proclaim, announce_; _appoint_; _impose, inflict_.

#inter--interdîcô, ere, dîxî, dictum#, _to forbid, prohibit, exclude_.

#prae--praedîcô, ere, dîxî, dictus#, _to foretell, prophesy_; _warn, admonish_.

#dicô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to declare_; _dedicate, consecrate_.

#ab--abdicô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to disown, reject_; #sê abdicâre#, _to resign_.

#in--indicô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to make known, reveal_.

#prae--praedicô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to say openly, assert, declare_.

#dictâtor, ôris# [#dictô#, _to order_], m., _a dictator_, a magistrate usually appointed only in times of extreme peril. He was named by one of the consuls, after the senate had declared the appointment of a dictator necessary. He held unlimited powers, but the term of his office was limited to six months.

#dictâtûra, ae# [#dictâtor#], f., _dictatorship_.

#dictitô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #dîcô#], _to say often, assert, insist_.

#dictum, î# [#dîcô#], n., _saying, word, remark_; _command_.

#dîdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#diês, êî#, m. and (sometimes in sing.) f., _a day_; #in diês#, _from day to day_.

#diffîdô, ere, fîsus sum# [#dis# neg. + #fîdô#, _to trust_], _to distrust, doubt_.

#diffluô#, see #fluô#.

#dîgnitâs, âtis# [#dîgnus#], f., _worth, high character_; _eminence, rank, reputation_.

#dîgnus#, adj., _worthy, deserving of_.

#dîgredior#, see #gradior#.

#dîligenter# [#dîligô#], adv., _industriously, diligently_.

#dîligentia, ae# [#dîligô#], f., _carefulness, diligence, industry_.

#dîligô#, see #legô#.

#dîlûcêscô, ere, lûxî, --# [cf. #lûx#], _to grow light, dawn_.

#dîmicâtiô, ônis# [#dîmicô#], f., _a fight_.

#dîmicô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to fight_.

#dîmittô#, see #mittô#.

#dîrigô#, see #regô#.

#dîrimô#, see #emô#.

#dîripiô#, see #rapiô#.

#dîruô#, see #ruô#.

#dîs, dîtis#, comp. #dîtior#, sup. #dîtissimus#, adj., _rich, wealthy_.

#dis# or #dî#, inseparable prefix, _apart, asunder_; sometimes negative, _not_.

#discêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#discerpô#, see #carpô#.

#dîsciplîna, ae# [#dîscô#], f., _teaching, training, discipline_.

#dîscipulus, î# [#dîscô#], m., _a pupil_.

#dîscô, ere, didicî, --#, _to learn_.

#dîscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#discrîmen, inis# [#discernô#, _to divide_], n., _difference_; _turning-point, decision_; _peril, crisis_.

#discurrô#, see #currô#.

#disertus# [#disserô#], adj., _eloquent_.

#dispênsâtor, ôris# [#dispênsô#, _to manage_], m., _manager, steward, treasurer_.

#dîspiciô#, see #*speciô#.

#displiceô#, see #placeô#.

#dispônô#, see #pônô#.

#disputô#, see #putô#.

#dissênsiô, ônis# [#dissentiô#, _to disagree_], f., _disagreement, strife_.

#disserô#, see #serô#.

#dissimilis, e# [#dis# neg. + #similis#], adj., _unlike_.

#dissimulô#, see #simulô#.

#dissipô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to scatter, squander, dissipate_.

#dissuâdeô#, see #suâdeô#.

#distrahô#, see #trahô#.

#distribuô#, see #tribuô#.

#dîtior, dîtissimus#, see #dîs#.

#dîtô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#dîs#], _to enrich_.

#diû#, adv., _for a long time, long_.

#diuturnus# [#diû#], adj., _prolonged, long_.

#dîversus# [#dîvertô#], adj., _turned different ways, opposite, contrary_; #in dîversa#, _apart, asunder_.

#dîvertô#, see #vertô#.

#dîvidô, ere, vîsî, vîsus#, _to divide, separate, distribute_.

#dîvînitus# [#dîvînus#], adv., _by divine agency, providentially_.

#dîvînus# [#dîvus#], adj., _godlike, divine_.

#dîvitiae, ârum# [#dives#, _rich_], pl. f., _wealth_.

#dîvus#, adj., _godlike, deified_; often applied to the Roman emperors after death.

#dô, dare, dedî, datus#, _to put, place_; _give, present, entrust_; #operam dare#, _to pay attention_; #poenâs dare#, _to suffer punishment_.

#ab--abdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to put away, hide, conceal_.

#ad--addô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to put or join to, add_.

#circumdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to place around, surround, enclose_.

#con--condô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to put together, found, build_; _put away, hide_; _sheathe_ (a sword).

#dê--dêdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to give up, surrender_.

#ex--êdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to give out, give_; _give birth to, bear_; _publish, announce, reveal_; _perform_; #lûdôs êdere#, _to celebrate games_.

#in--indô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to put in or on, give, confer_.

#per--perdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to lose, destroy, ruin, waste_.

#prô--prôdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to give_ or _put forth, make known_; _hand down, record_; _betray_.

#re--reddô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to give back, restore, return_; _deliver_ (a letter); _render_.

#sub--subdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to put under, apply_.

#trâns--trâdô, dere, didî, ditus#, _to give over, give up, surrender_; _hand down, report, relate_; _hand over, entrust_.

#doceô, êre, uî, tus#, _to teach, point out_.

#ê--êdoceô, êre, uî, tus#, _to teach thoroughly_.

#doctor, ôris# [#doceô#], m., _teacher_.

#doctrîna, ae# [#doceô#], f., _instruction_; _learning, training_.

#doctus# [orig. part. of #doceô#], adj., _educated, learned, skilled_.

#dolor, ôris# [#doleô#, _to feel pain_], m., _pain, grief, resentment_.

#dolôsê# [#dolus#], adv., _craftily_.

#dolus, î#, m., _craft, trickery_.

#domicilium, î# [#domus#], n., _dwelling_.

#dominâtiô, ônis# [#dominor#], f., _rule, supremacy, dominion_.

#dominâtus, ûs# [#dominor#, _to rule_], m., _rule, sway, mastery, command_.

#dominus, î#, m., #master# (esp. of slaves), _ruler, lord_.

#domô, âre, uî, itus#, _to tame, subdue_.

#domus, ûs#, f., _a house, home_; loc. #domî#, _at home_; acc. #domum#, _homewards, home_.

#dônâtîvum, î# [#dônô#], n., _a gift_.

#dônec#, conj., _while, until, as long as_.

#dônô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#dônum#], _to give, present_.

#dônum, î# [#dô#], n., _a gift, present_.

#dormiô, îre, îvî, --#, _to sleep_.

#dorsum, î#, n., _back_ (of an animal); _range_ or _ridge_ (of a mountain).

#dôs, dôtis# [#dô#], f., _dowry_.

#dôtâlis, e# [#dôs#], adj., of a dowry; #dôtâlia dôna#, _wedding presents_.

#dubitô, âre, âvî, âtum# [#dubius#], _to doubt, waver, hesitate_.

#dubius#, adj., _doubtful, uncertain_; #in dubium vocâre#, _to call in question_.

#ducentî, ae, a# [#duo# + #centum#], num. adj., _two hundred_.

#dûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_; _prolong_; _consider, reckon_; #fossam dûcere#, _to build a ditch_; #fûnus dûcere#, _to celebrate a funeral_; #uxôrem dûcere#, _to marry_.

#ab--abdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead off_ or _away, drag off, remove_.

#ad--addûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead to, bring_; _induce, influence_.

#con--condûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to bring together_; _contribute to, serve_.

#dê--dêdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ (away); _attend, escort_.

#dis--dîdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ or _draw apart, separate, open_.

#ê--êdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead forth_ or _out_; _bring up, rear_.

#in--indûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ or _bring in, introduce_; _lead, induce, influence_.

#intrô--intrôdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ or _bring in, usher in, admit_.

#per--perdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead, conduct, escort_; _pursue_; _spend, pass_.

#re--redûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ or _escort back, accompany_.

#sê--sêdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead apart_ or _aside_.

#sub--subdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ or _draw away_ (secretly), _withdraw, remove_; _hide_.

#trâns--trâdûcô, ere, dûxî, ductus#, _to lead_ or _carry across, transport_; _spend, pass_ (time).

#dûdum#, adv., _a while ago_. See #iam#.

#Duîlius, î#, m., _C._, a Roman general who defeated the Carthaginians in a naval battle, 260 B.C.

(1) #dum#, adverbial particle found only in compounds, _a while_; with negatives, _yet_.

(2) #dum#, conj., _while, until_.

#dummodo# [#dum# + #modo#], conj., _provided_.

#duo, ae, o#, num. adj., _two_.

#duodecim# [#duo# + #decem#], num. adj., _twelve_.

#duodênî, ae, a#, adj., _twelve each, twelve_.

#duplex, icis# [#duo# + #plicô#, _to fold_], adj., _twofold, double_.

#duplicô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#duplex#], _to double, repeat_.

#dûrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#dûrus#], _to harden_; _endure, hold out, last_.

#dûrus#, adj., _hard, rough_; _rude, uncultivated_; _unfeeling_.

#dux, ducis# [#dûcô#], m., _leader, guide_; _commander, general_.

#Dy:rrachium, î#, n., a town in Illyria, on the east coast of the Adriatic, nearly opposite Brundisium.

#E#

#ê#, see #ex#.

#ecquid#, interr. adv., used (1) to emphasize a direct question, _at all?_ (2) in indir. question, _whether_.

#êdîcô#, see #dîcô#.

#êdictum, î# [#êdîcô#], n., _proclamation, edict_.

#êditus# [orig. part. of #êdô#], adj., _high_.

#edô, ere (êsse), êsî, êsus#, _to eat, consume_.

#êdô#, see #dô#.

#êdoceô#, see #doceô#.

#êducâtiô, ônis# [#êducô#], f., _training, education_.

#êdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#êducô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#êdûcô#], _to bring up, rear, train, educate_.

#effêminâtus# [orig. part. of #effêminô#, _to make womanish_], adj., _womanish_.

(1) #efferô#, see #ferô#.

(2) #efferô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #ferus#], _to render wild_ or _savage_; _madden_.

#efficiô#, see #faciô#.

#efflâgitô#, see #flâgitô#.

#effugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#effundô#, see #fundô#.

#egeô, êre, uî, --#, _to be lacking_; _to be poor_ or _in need_.

#Egeria, ae#, f., the nymph from whom King Numa received revelations.

#ego, meî#, pers. pron., _I_; pl., #nôs#, _we_.

#êgredior#, see #gradior#.

#êgregiê# [#êgregius#], adv., _excellently, exceedingly, strikingly_.

#êgregius# [#ê# + #grex#], adj., _select, distinguished, excellent_.

#êiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#êlâbor#, see #lâbor#.

#êlabôrô#, see #labôrô#.

#êlanguêscô, ere, êlanguî, --#, _to grow faint_ or _feeble_; _slacken, abate_.

#êlâtus# [orig. part. of (1) #efferô#], adj., _high_; _elated, exalted, puffed up_.

#êleganter# [#êlegâns#, _choice_], adv., _with good judgment, judiciously_.

#êlegantia, ae# [#êlegâns#, _choice_], f., _taste, refinement, elegance, grace_.

#elephantus, î#, m., _the elephant_.

#êliciô#, see #*laciô#.

#êlîdô#, see #laedô#.

#êligô#, see #legô#.

#êloquentia, ae# [#êloquor#, _to speak_], f., _eloquence_.

#êmineô, êre, uî, --#, _to stand out, tower up_.

#êmittô#, see #mittô#.

#emô, ere, êmî, êmptus#, _to take_; _buy, purchase_; _gain, acquire_.

#con--cômô, ere, cômpsî, cômptus#, _to bring together, arrange, dress_ (the hair), _comb_.

#dis--dîrimô, ere, êmî, êmptus#, _to take apart, separate_; #rês dîrimere#, _to adjust matters_.

#ex--eximo, ere, êmî, êmptus#, _to take out, remove_; _free, release_.

#inter--interimô, ere, êmî, êmptus#, _to take from the midst_ (of men), _kill_.

#re--redimô, ere, êmî, êmptus#, _to buy back, ransom_; _replace_.

#ên#, interj., _lo! behold! see!_

#enim#, conj., always postpositive, _namely, in fact, you know_; _for, because_.

#êniteô#, see #niteô#.

#ênîtor#, see #nîtor#.

#ênsis, is#, m., _a sword_.

(1) #eô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to go_ or _come, walk, march_.

#ab--abeô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to go away, depart_; #abîre in#, _pass into, change into_.

#ad--adeô, îre, îvî (iî), itus#, _to go_ or _come to, approach, visit_.

#ante--anteeô, îre, îvî (iî), --#, _to go before_.

#dê# + #per--dêpereô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to die, perish_.

#ex--exeô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to go_ or _come forth_; _retire_.

#in--ineô, îre, îvî (iî), itus#, _to enter, begin_; #cônsilium inîre#, _to form a plan_.

#inter--intereô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to perish, die_.

#intrô--introeô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to enter_.

#ob--obeô, îre, îvî (iî), itus#, _to go to meet_; _perform_; _perish, die_.

#per--pereô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to perish, disappear, die_.

#praeter--praetereô, îre, îvî (iî), itus#, _to go_ or _pass by_; _omit_.

#re--redeô, îre, îvî (iî), itûrus#, _to go_ or _come back, return_.

#sub--subeô, îre, îvî (iî), itus#, _to come_ or _go up to, go under, encounter, face_ (danger); #venênum subit#, _the poison spreads_.

#trâns--transeô, îre, îvî (iî), itus#, _to cross_ (over); _pass by_.

(2) #eô# [#is#], adv., _for that reason, therefore_; _to that place, thither_; _to that degree, so far_.

#Ephesius#, adj., _Ephesian_.

#Ephesus, î#, f., a Greek city on the west coast of Asia Minor.

#epigramma, atis#, n., _epigram, poem_.

#Êpîrus, î#, f., a country on the Ionian Sea, northwest of Greece proper.

#epistula, ae#, f., _a letter_.

#epulor, ârî, âtus sum# [#epulum#], _to feast_.

#epulum, î#, n. (pl., #epulae, ârum#, f.), _a feast, banquet_.

#eques, itis# [#equus#], m., _a horseman, cavalryman_; _knight_, or member of the equestrian order. The three centuries of knights established by Romulus formed the cavalry of the Roman army. Later, the number was increased to 1800, to each of whom a horse was furnished by the state, together with an allowance for its keep. Later, the term _equitês_ included not only those who actually served in the army, but also those who possessed a certain fortune, which in the time of Augustus was set at about $15,000.

#equester, tris, tre# [#equus#], adj., _of the knights, knightly_.

#equitô, âre, âvî, --# [#equus#], _to ride_.

#ad--adequitô, âre, âvî, --#, _to ride to, ride up_.

#equus, î#, m., _a horse_.

#êrêctus# [orig. part. of #êrigô#], adj., _upright, erect_.

#ergâ#, prep. with acc., _towards, to, with respect to_.

#ergô#, adv., expressing an inference, like _now, well, then, therefore_.

#êrigô#, see #regô#.

#error, ôris# [#errô#, _to wander_], m., _wandering, error, mistake_.

#êrubêscô, ere, êrubuî, --#, _to grow red, blush_; _feel ashamed_.

#êrudiô, îre, îvî, îtus# [#ê# + #rudis#], _to polish, educate, train_.

#êrumpô#, see #rumpô#.

#êruô#, see #ruô#.

#êsca, ae# [#edô#], f., _food, bait_.

#êscendô#, see #scandô#.

#Êsquilînus, î#, m. (sc. #collis#), _the Esquiline Hill_, the largest of the seven hills of Rome.

#et#, (1) adv., _also, too, even_; (2) conj., _and, and yet, but_; #et . . . et#, _both . . . and_.

#etiam# [#et# + #iam#], adv. and conj., _and also, also, even_.

#Etrûria, ae#, f., the country of the Etruscans, northwest of Latium.

#Etrûscî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Etruscans_, the people of Etruria.

#etsî# [#et# + #sî#], conj., _even if, although_.

#Eurîpidês, is#, m., a Greek tragic poet of the fifth century B.C.

#Eurôpa, ae#, f., _Europe_.

#êvâdô#, see #vâdô#.

#êvehô#, see #vehô#.

#êventus, ûs# [#êveniô#, _to come out_], m., _outcome, result_; _occurrence, event_.

#êvertô#, see #vertô#.

#êvocô#, see #vocô#.

#ex#, before consonants often #ê#, prep. with abl.; of place, _out of_ (the midst of), _from_; of cause, _in consequence of, because of_; _according to_; in compounds, _forth, out_; _thoroughly_; _not_.

#exâctor, ôris# [#exigô#, _to exact_], m., _exactor, enforcer_.

#exâminô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#exâmen#, _means of weighing_], _to weigh, examine, compare_.

#exanimô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #anima#], _to put out of breath, kill_.

#exârdêscô, ere, ârsî, --# [#ex# + #ârdêscô#, intens. of #ârdeô#, _to burn, glow_], _to blaze forth_.

#exarô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #arô#, _to plow_], _to scratch off, compose_.

#exasperô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #asper#], _to roughen, irritate, provoke_.

#exaudiô#, see #audiô#.

#excelsus#, adj., _lofty, high_; as noun, #excelsum, î#, n., _elevated station_.

#excerpô#, see #carpô#.

#excidium, î#, n., _downfall, ruin_.

#excipiô#, see #capiô#.

#excitô#, see #citô#.

#exclâmô#, see #clâmô#.

#exclûdô#, see #claudô#.

#excôgitô#, see #agitô#.

#excolô#, see #colô#.

#excubiae, ârum# [#ex# + #cubô#], pl. f., _a lying out on guard_; _the watch, watchmen_.

#excûsâtiô, ônis# [#excûsô#], f., _excuse_.

#excûsô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #causa#], _to free from trial, excuse_.

#excutiô#, see #quatiô#.

#exemplum, î# [#eximô#], n., _specimen, example, precedent, warning_.

#exeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#exerceô#, see #arceô#.

#exercitus, ûs# [#exerceô#], m., _an army_.

#exhauriô#, see #hauriô#.

#exhibeô#, see #habeô#.

#exhorrêscô, ere, horruî, --#, _to shudder at, shrink from_.

#exigô#, see #agô#.

#exiguus# [#exigô#, _to weigh exactly_], adj., _scanty, short, brief_.

#eximius# [#eximô#], adj., _choice, distinguished, remarkable, excellent_.

#eximô#, see #emô#.

#exîstimô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #aestimô#, _to value_], _to value_; _think, believe_.

#exitium, î# [#exeô#], n., _destruction, ruin, death_.

#exitus, ûs# [#exeô#], m., _outcome, close_; _departure_; _end of life, death_.

#exorior#, see #orior#.

#expediô, îre, îvî (iî), îtus# [#ex# + #pês#], _to set free, extricate_; _procure, obtain_.

#expellô#, see #pellô#.

#expendô#, see #pendô#.

#experîmentum, î# [#experior#], n., _proof, test, trial_.

#experior, îrî, tus sum#, _to test, try_; _find out, learn, experience_.

#expetô#, see #petô#.

#expîlô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to plunder, rob_.

#expiô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ex# + #piô#, _to appease_], _to make amends for, atone for_.

#expleô#, see #*pleô#.

#explôrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to reconnoiter_.

#expônô#, see #pônô#.

#expôscô#, see #pôscô#.

#expositiô, ônis# [#expônô#], f., _exposure_.

#exprimô#, see #premô#.

#expûgnâtiô, ônis# [#expûgnô#], f., #a taking by storm, storming, capture#.

#expûgnô#, see #pûgnô#.

#exquîsîtus# [#exquîrô#, _to seek out_], adj., _carefully sought out, special_.

#exsecrô#, see #sacrô#.

#exsequiae, ârum# [#ex# + #sequor#], pl. f., _funeral procession, funeral_.

#exserô#, see #serô#.

#exsilium, î#, n., _banishment, exile_.

#exsistô#, see #sistô#.

#exspectâtiô, ônis# [#exspectô#], f., _expectation, anticipation_.

#exspectô#, see #spectô#.

#exspîrô#, see #spîrô#.

#exstinguô#, see #stinguô#.

#exstô#, see #stô#.

#exstruô#, see #struô#.

#exsultô#, see #saltô#.

#extemplô# [#ex# + dim. of #tempus#], adv., _on the instant, at once, forthwith_.

#exter# or #exterus, tera, terum#, adj., _outer, foreign_; comp. #exterior#; sup. #extrêmus#, _outermost, extreme_; _last, furthermost_; _last part of_.

#extimêscô, ere, timuî, --# [#ex# + #*timêscô#, inceptive of #timeô#], _to fear_ or _dread greatly_.

#extrâ# [#exter#], (1) adv., _on the outside, without_; (2) prep, with acc., _outside of, beyond_.

#extrahô#, see #trahô#.

#extraôrdinârius# [#extrâ# + #ôrdô#], adj., _out of the common run, uncommon_.

#extrêmus#, see #exter#.

#exuô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to draw or pull off, lay aside_; _strip, despoil_.

#exûrô#, see #ûrô#.

#F#

#faber, fabrî#, m., _a workman_ (in hard materials), _smith, carpenter_.

#Fabius, î#, m., the name of a famous Roman gens. See #Mâximus#.

#fabricô, âre, âvî, âtus# [cf. #faber#], _to make, build, construct_.

#fâbula, ae# [#for#, _to speak_], f., _story, play_.

#facêtê# [#facêtus#, _witty_], adv., #wittily#.

#facile# [#facilis#], adv., _easily_; _readily, willingly_.

#facilis, e# [#faciô#], adj., _easy_.

#facinus, oris# [#faciô#], n., _a deed_; _crime_.

#faciô, facere, fêcî, factus#, _to make, do, perform_; _choose, appoint_; #stîpendia facere#, _to serve a campaign_; #sûmptum facere#, _to spend_; #verba facere#, _to speak_; #vim facere#, _to use violence_; pass., #fîô, fierî, factus sum#, _to be done, occur, take place, happen_.

#ad--adficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to do something to, affect_; _treat, visit with_.

#con--cônficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to do thoroughly_; _complete, prepare_; _accomplish, make_; _exhaust, kill_.

#dê--dêficiô, ere, fêcî, fectum#, _withdraw, revolt_; _fail, disappear, give out_.

#ex--efficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to work out, bring to pass, accomplish_; _make, render, cause, effect_.

#in--înficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to stain, dye_; _pollute, taint_.

#inter--interficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to kill_; _murder_.

#per--perficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to do thoroughly, execute, accomplish_.

#sub--sufficiô, ere, fêcî, fectus#, _to put under_, or _in place of, appoint as successor, substitute_; intrans., _suffice, be sufficient_.

#factiô, ônis# [#faciô#], f., _party, faction_.

#factum, î# [#faciô#], n., _a deed, act_.

#facultâs, âtis# [#facilis#], f., _means, opportunity_; _ability, skill_.

#fâcundia, ae# [#fâcundus#, _eloquent_], f., _eloquence, oratory_.

#Falernus#, adj., _Falernian_; #ager Falernus#, _a famous wine-growing district in Campania_.

#fâma, ae# [#for#, _to speak_], f., _talk, report, rumor_; _tradition_; _fame, reputation_.

#famês, is#, f., #hunger#.

#familia, ae# [#famulus#, _a slave_], f., _the slaves in a household_; _family, house, race_.

#familiâris, e# [#familia#], adj., _belonging to a household, private, intimate, friendly_; _well-known_; #rês familiâris#, _private property_. As noun, m., _an intimate friend_.

#familiâritâs, âtis# [#familiâris#], f., _friendship, intimacy_.

#fâmôsus# [#fâma#], adj., _famous_; _notorious_; _scurrilous, slanderous_.

#famula, ae#, f., _a slave-woman_.

#fânum, î#, n., _a shrine, temple_.

#fascis, is#, m., _a bundle_; pl., _the fasces_, a bundle of rods carried by the lictors before various magistrates. Outside of Rome an axe was bound with the rods. The rods and axe were typical of the magistrate's power to punish, even to the extent of inflicting the death penalty. See #lîctor#.

#fâstî, ôrum# [#fâstus#], pl. m., _a register_, esp. of business days, also of officers, triumphs, etc.; _the calendar_.

#fâstus# [#fâs#, _right_], adj., _not forbidden, legal_; #diês fâstus#, a day on which it was legal to hold court, a business day.

#fâtâlis, e# [#fâtum#, _fate_], adj., _fateful, fatal_.

#fateor, êrî, fassus sum#, _to confess_.

#con--cônfiteor, êrî, fessus sum#, _to confess freely, acknowledge, avow_.

#prô--profiteor, êrî, fessus sum#, _to declare publicly, avow_; #nômen profitêrî#, _to avow one's self a candidate_.

#faucês, ium#, pl. f., _throat_.

#Faustulus, î#, m., the shepherd who brought up Romulus and Remus.

#Faustus, î# [#faveô#], m., _the Lucky_, a name given by Sulla to his son.

#Fausta, ae# [#faveô#], f., _the Lucky_, a name given by Sulla to his daughter.

#faveô, êre, fâvî, fautûrus#, _to favor, support_.

#favor, ôris# [#faveô#], m., _favor, good will_.

#fax, facis#, f., _torch, firebrand_.

#fêlîcitâs, âtis# [#fêlîx#], f., _good fortune, luck, happiness_.

#fêlîx, îcis#, adj., _lucky, fortunate, happy_. As noun, m., cognomen of #Sulla#.

#fêmina, ae#, f., _a woman, female_.

#femur, femoris#, n., _the thigh_.

#*fendô, ere#, _to strike_.

#dê--dêfendô, ere, î, fênsus#, _to ward off, repel_; _defend, protect_.

#ob--offendô, ere, î, fênsus#, _to strike against, displease, vex_.

#ferê#, adv., _almost, about_ (esp. with numbers).

#feriô, îre, percussî, percussus#, _to strike_.

#fermê# [for #ferimê#, sup. of #ferê#], adv., _almost, about_ (esp. with numbers).

#ferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to bear, carry, take_; _bear, endure, suffer_; _say, report, tell_; pass., _to be borne, rush_; #aegrê, indîgnê# or #molestê ferre#, _to take amiss_; #lêgem ferre#, _to propose a law_.

#ab--auferô, ferre, abstulî, ablâtus#, _to take_ or _carry away, remove_; _steal_.

#ad--adferô, ferre, attulî, adlâtus#, _to bring to, offer, give_; _announce, report_.

#con--cônferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to bring together, collect_; _devote, apply_; _bestow_; #sê cônferre#, _betake one's self, go_.

#dê--dêferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to bring_ or _carry down_ or _to, carry off, remove_; _give, offer_; _report_; #rem dêferre ad populum#, _to submit a matter to the people_.

#ex--efferô, ferre, extulî, êlâtus#, _to carry out, take away_; _lift up, puff up, elate, exalt_.

#in--înferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to bring in, upon_, or _against_; #bellum înferre#, _to wage_ (offensive) _war_; #sîgna înferre#, _to advance against_; #sê înferre#, _to betake one's self_.

#ob--offerô, ferre, obtulî, oblâtus#, _to bring before, offer, present_; _expose_.

#per--perferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to bear or carry through, carry_; _retain_.

#prae--praeferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to carry_ or _put before_; _set before, prefer, rate higher_.

#prô--prôferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to carry_ or _bring forth, produce_; _cite, quote_; _make known, mention_.

#re--referô, ferre, rettulî, relâtus#, _to bear_ or _bring back_; _give back, return, repay_; _lift, raise_; _count, reckon_; #sê referre#, _to betake one's self_.

#trâns--trânsferô, ferre, tulî, lâtus#, _to bear_ or _take over_ or _across_, _transport_; _transfer, shift_.

#ferôx, ôcis# [#ferus#], adj., _bold, confident_; _high-strung, warlike_; _fierce, cruel_.

#ferreus# [#ferrum#], adj., _of iron, iron_.

#ferrum, î#, n., _iron_; _an iron tool_, as a _sword, axe, dagger_.

#ferus#, adj., _wild, barbarous, cruel_.

#fessus#, adj., _tired, weary_; _weak, feeble_.

#fêstînô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to hasten, hurry_.

#Fêtiâlis, is# (sc. #sacerdôs#), m., _an ambassador, treaty priest_, who negotiated treaties of peace, and made formal declarations of war.

#Fêtiâlis, e#, adj., _pertaining to the Fetiales, Fetial_ (see preceding word).

#fîdêliter# [#fîdêlis#, _faithful_], adv., _faithfully_.

#Fîdênâtês, ium#, pl. m., the people of Fidenae, an ancient town on the Tiber, five miles north of Rome.

#fidês, fideî#, f., _good faith, integrity_; _trust, belief, credence_; _pledge_.

#fîdûcia, ae# [#fîdus#, _faithful_], f., _trust, confidence, reliance_; _courage_.

#fîgô, ere, fîxî, fîxus#, _to fix, fasten_.

#dê--dêfîgô, ere, fîxî, fîxus#, _to fasten_, esp. _to fasten_ (to the ground) _with amazement, astonish_.

#sub--suffîgô, ere, fîxî, fîxus#, _to fasten beneath_ or _on_; #crucî suffîgere#, _to crucify_.

#trâns--trânsfîgô, ere, fîxî, fîxus#, _to pierce through, transfix, stab_.

#fîlia, ae#, f., _daughter_.

#fîlius, î#, m., _son_.

#fingô, ere, finxî, fîctus#, _to form, invent_; _feign, pretend_.

#fîniô, îre, îvî, îtus# [#fînis#], _to limit, bound_; _finish, end, settle_.

#fînis, is#, m., _boundary, limit, end_; pl. m., _territory_.

#fînitimus# [#fînis#], adj., _neighboring_; as noun, #fînitimî, ôrum#, pl. m., _neighbors_.

#fîô, fierî, factus sum#, see #faciô#.

#fîrmô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#fîrmus#], _to make firm, strengthen_.

#ad--adfîrmô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to strengthen_; _assert, declare_.

#con--cônfîrmô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to strengthen, ratify, confirm_; _assert_.

#fîrmus#, adj., _strong, powerful_; _trusty_.

#flâgitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to demand_.

#ex--efflâgitô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to demand vigorously_ or _earnestly_.

#flâmen, inis#, m., _a Flamen_, a priest devoted to the service of a

## particular god, esp. Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus. His office was to make

sacrifices and to watch the sacred fire of the god.

#flamma, ae#, f., _flame, fire_.

#flêbiliter# [#flêbilis#, _mournful_], adv., _mournfully, tearfully_.

#flectô, ere, flexî, flexus#, _to bend, turn_.

#dê--dêflectô, ere, flexî, flexus#, _to bend_ or _turn aside_ or _away, turn_.

#in--înflectô, ere, flexî, flexus#, _to bend, curb, relax_.

#fleô, flêre, flêvî, flêtus#, _to weep_; _bewail_.

#*flîgô, ere#, _to strike_.

#ad--adflîgô, ere, flîxî, flîctus#, _to dash against_ or _down_; _afflict, ruin_.

#con--cônflîgô, ere, flîxî, flîctus#, _to dash together, contend, fight_.

#prô--prôflîgô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to dash down, overcome_ (in battle).

#flô, flâre, flâvî, --#, _to blow_.

#ad--adflô, flâre, flâvî, --#, _to blow towards, blow_.

#con--cônflô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to blow up, kindle, cause_; #aes aliênum cônflâre#, _to contract debt_.

#in--înflô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to blow up, inflate_.

#flôrêns, entis# [#flôreô#], adj., _blooming, flourishing_; #flôrêns iuventa#, _youthful beauty_.

#flôreô, êre, uî#, -- [#flôs#, _a flower_], _to bloom, flourish, prosper_.

#fluctus, ûs# [#fluô#], m., _wave, billow, flood_.

#flûmen, inis# [#fluô#], n., _stream, river_.

#fluô, ere, fluxî, --#, _to flow_.

#con--cônfluô, ere, fluxî, --#, _to flow_ or _stream together, assemble_.

#dis--diffluô, ere, fluxî, --#, _to flow in different directions, melt away, disappear_; #ôtiô et lûxû diffluere#, _to abandon one's self to ease and luxury_.

#fluvius, î# [#fluô#], m., _a stream, river_.

#foculus, î# [dim. of #focus#], m., _a fire-pan, brazier_.

#focus, î#, m., _fireplace, hearth_.

#fodiô, ere, fôdî, fossus#, _to dig_.

#con--cônfodiô, ere, fôdî, fossus#, _to stab, pierce_.

#sub--suffodiô, ere, fôdî, fossus#, _to dig beneath, undermine, tunnel_; _stab beneath_.

#trâns--trânsfodiô, ere, fôdî, fossus#, _to pierce, stab, slash_.

#foedê# [#foedus#, _foul_], adv., _foully, basely_.

#foederâtus# [#foedus#], adj., _leagued_ or _allied with_.

#foedus, eris#, n., _a treaty, alliance_.

#fôns, fontis#, m., _a spring, fountain_.

#forâs# [#*fora#, _a door_; cf. #foris#], adv., _out of doors, forth, out_.

#fore#, fut. infin. of #sum#.

#forênsis, e# [#forum#], adj., _of_ or _in the forum, forensic_.

#foris, is#, f., _a door_; usually in pl.

#fôrma, ae#, f., _form, figure, beauty_.

#formîdolôsus# [#formîdô#, _dread_], adj., _dreadful, terrible_.

#fors, fortis# (only nom. and abl. sing.), f., _chance, accident, good fortune_.

#fortâsse# [#fors#], adv., _perhaps, possibly_.

#forte# [abl. of #fors#], adv., _by chance_.

#fortis, e#, adj., _strong, brave_.

#fortiter# [#fortis#], adv., _bravely_.

#fortitûdô, inis# [#fortis#], f., _bravery, resolution_.

#fortûna, ae# [#fors#], f., _luck, fortune_ (whether good or ill); personified, _the goddess of fortune_.

#Forum, î# [cf. #forîs#, _out of doors_], n., _an out-of-door place, market, Forum_; esp. the _Forum Rômânum_ between the Capitoline and Palatine hills. It was the center of the political, religious, and business life of Rome.

#fossa, ae# [#fodiô#], f., _a ditch_.

#foveô, êre, fôvî, fôtus#, _to warm, cherish, favor_.

#re--refoveô, êre, fôvî, fôtus#, _to restore, refresh, revive_.

#frâgmentum, î# [#frangô#], n., _fragment, bit_.

#fragor, ôris# [#frangô#], m., _noise_, esp. _thunder peal_.

#frangô, ere, frêgî, frâctus#, _to break in pieces, break_; _subdue, overcome_.

#re--refringô, ere, frêgî, frâctus#, _to break up_ or _open_.

#frâter, tris#, m., _brother_.

#frâternus# [#frâter#], adj., _brother's, brotherly_.

#fraudô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#fraus#], _to cheat, rob_.

#fraus, fraudis#, f., _foul play, treachery_.

#frendô, ere, --, --#, _to gnash the teeth_.

#frênum, î#, n., _bridle, curb, rein_.

#frequêns, entis#, adj., _crowded, frequent_; _in great numbers_.

#frequenter# [#frequêns#], adv., _often_.

#frequentia, ae# [#frequêns#], f., _crowd, throng_.

#frîgidus# [#frîgeô#, _to be cold_], adj., _cold_.

#frûgâlitâs, âtis# [#frûgâlis#, _thrifty_], f., _thrift, economy, frugality_.

#frûmentârius# [#frûmentum#], adj., _concerning corn_; #rês frûmentâria#, _the corn supply_.

#frûmentum, î# [#fruor#], n., _grain, corn_.

#fruor, fruî, frûctus sum#, _to use, enjoy_.

#per--perfruor, fruî, frûctus sum#, _to enjoy thoroughly_.

#frûstrâ#, adv., _in vain, fruitlessly_.

#Fûfetius, î#, m., _Mettius Fûfetius_, leader of the Albans against Tullius Hostilius.

#Fûfidius, î#, m., a follower of Sulla.

#fuga, ae#, f., _flight_.

#fugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to flee, flee from_.

#ab--aufugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to flee from, run away, escape_.

#con--cônfugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to flee for refuge_; _resort to_.

#ex--effugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to escape_.

#prô--profugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to flee, escape_.

#re--refugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to flee back, escape_.

#trâns--trânsfugiô, ere, fûgî, --#, _to flee to the other side, go over to the enemy, desert_.

#fugô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#fugiô#], _to put to flight, rout_.

#fulgeô, êre, fulsî, --#, _to flash, gleam_.

#fulmen, inis# [#fulgeô#], n., _lightning flash, thunderbolt_.

#Fulvius, î#, m., _A. Fulvius_, who put his son to death because he joined Catiline's conspiracy.

#fûnâle, is# [#fûnis#, _a cord_], n., _a torch_.

#fundô, ere, fûdî, fûsus#, _to pour, pour out, shed_; _rout, scatter_.

#circum--circumfundo, ere, fûdî, fûsus#, _to pour about_; pass., _to surround_.

#ex--effundô, ere, fûdî, fûsus#, _to pour out_; _scatter, squander, lavish_.

#prô--profundô, ere, fûdî, fûsus#, _to pour forth or out, squander, waste_.

#fundus, î#, m., _farm, estate_.

#fungor, î, fûnctus sum#, _to perform, discharge, serve through_ (an office).

#dê--dêfungor, î, fûnctus sum#, _to perform, finish_; _to die_ (sc. #vîtâ#).

#fûnus, eris#, n., _burial, funeral rites_.

#furêns, entis# [orig. part, of #furô#, _to rave_], adj., _furious, raging_.

#Fûrius, î#, m., _P. Fûrius Philus_, who revealed the plan of certain nobles to leave Italy after the battle of Cannae.

#furor, ôris# [#furô#, _to rave_], m., _rage, madness, fury_.

#fûrtô# [abl. of #fûrtum#, _theft_], adv., _stealthily, secretly_.

#futûrus# [orig. fut. part, of #sum#], adj., _coming, future_.

#G#

#Gabiî, ôrum#, pl. m., an ancient town in Latium, east of Rome.

#Gabînî, ôrum#, pl. m., the inhabitants of Gabii.

#Gadês, ium#, pl. f., a town on the southern coast of Spain (modern Cadiz).

#Gaetulî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Gaetuli_, a tribe of northern Africa.

#Gâius, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#Gallia, ae#, f., _Gaul_, which included modern France, Belgium and Holland, and the parts of Germany and Switzerland west of the Rhine.

#Gallus, î#, m., _a Gaul_.

#gaudium, î#, n., _joy, gladness_.

#Gaurus, î#, m., _a mountain of Campania_.

#gaza, ae#, f., _treasure, riches_.

#geminâtus#, adj., _doubled, twofold_; _consecutive_.

#geminus#, adj., _twin, twofold_. As noun, #geminî, ôrum#, pl. m., _twins_.

#gemô, ere, uî, --#, _to sigh, groan_.

#gener, generî#, m., _a son-in-law_.

#genitus#, see #gîgnô#.

#gêns, gentis#, f., _a gens_ or _clan_, consisting of a number of families claiming a common lineage, and having certain religious rites in common; _tribe, people, nation_.

#genû, ûs#, n., _knee_.

#genus, eris#, n., _race, family, stock, birth_; _kind, class, sort_.

#Germânî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Germans_.

#Germânia, ae#, f., _Germany_.

#gerô, ere, gessî, gestus#, _to bear, carry_; _wear_; _carry on, wage, manage_; _perform, do_; #sê gerere#, _to conduct one's self, behave_; #rem pûblicam gerere#, _to administer the state_; #rês gestae#, _exploits, history_.

#con--congerô, ere, gessî, gestus#, _to bring_ or _heap together, collect_.

#gestô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #gerô#], _to bear, carry, wear_.

#gestus, ûs# [#gerô#], m., _bearing_; _gesture_.

#gîgnô, ere, genuî, genitus#, _to produce, beget_; #genitus#, _born of_.

#gladius, î#, m., _a sword_.

#glôria, ae#, f., _glory, fame, renown_.

#glôrior, ârî, âtus sum#, _to boast, brag, pride one's self_.

#glôriôsê# [#glôria#], adv., _gloriously_.

#Gnaeus, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#Gracchus, î#, m., a family name in the Sempronian gens.

1. _Ti. Semprônius Gracchus_, tribune of the people in 133 B.C.

2. _C. Semprônius Gracchus_, brother of (1), and tribune in 123 B.C.; killed in 121.

#gradior, gradî, gressus sum#, _to walk, step_.

#ad--aggredior, î, gressus sum#, _to approach, attack, assail_.

#con--congredior, î, gressus sum#, _to meet_; _join battle, fight_.

#dis--dîgredior, î, gressus sum#, _to go apart or away, depart_.

#ex--êgredior, î, gressus sum#, _to go_ or _march out_ or _away_; _disembark_. (The verb is construed with the abl., the abl. with #ex#, or the acc.).

#in--ingredior, î, gressus sum#, _to enter, advance, proceed_.

#prô--prôgredior, î, gressus sum#, _to go forth_ or _on, advance_.

#re--regredior, î, gressus sum#, _to go back, return, retreat_.

#trâns--trânsgredior, î, gressus sum#, _to step over_ or _across, cross_.

#gradus, ûs#, m., _a step_; _stage, period, degree_; pl., _steps, stairs_.

#Graecia, ae#, f., _Greece_.

#Graeculus, î# [dim. of #Graecus#], m., _a poor_ or _paltry Greek_.

#Graecus#, adj., _Greek, Grecian_. As noun, #Graecus, î#, m., _a Greek_.

#grânum, î#, n., _a grain, seed_.

#graphium, î#, n., _stylus_ (of metal) for writing, _pen_.

#grâtia, ae# [#grâtus#], f., _favor, regard, credit_; _influence_; _return, thanks, gratitude_; #grâtiam habêre#, _to feel thankful_; #grâtiâs agere#, _to show gratitude, thank_; #grâtiam referre#, _to repay a favor_; #grâtiâ#, with preceding gen., frequent in expressions of purpose, _for the sake of_.

#grâtulor, ârî, âtus sum# [#grâtus#], _to show joy, congratulate_.

#grâtus#, adj., _pleasing, dear, acceptable_.

#gravis, e#, adj., _heavy, severe, difficult_; _weighty, important_.

#gravitâs, âtis# [#gravis#], f., _weight_; _dignity, influence, importance_.

#graviter# [#gravis#], adv., _weightily_; _vigorously, seriously, with dignity_.

#gravor, ârî, âtus sum# [#gravis#], _to be burdened_; _take amiss, grudge_.

#grex, gregis#, f., _herd, common herd_; _band, company_.

#gubernâtor, ôris# [#gubernô#, _to steer_], m., _helmsman, pilot_.

#H#

#habeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to have, hold, keep_; _consider, regard, treat, use_; _render_ (honor, etc.); #ôrâtiônem habêre#, _to deliver a speech_; #lûdibriô habêre#, _to mock_.

#ad--adhibeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to hold to_ or _toward, apply, employ_; _employ as counsel, consult_; _summon, invite_.

#dê--dêbeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to withhold, owe_; #dêbet, dêbuit# + inf., _ought, must, should_.

#ex--exhibeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to hold forth, show, display, exhibit_.

#in--inhibeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to hold_ or _draw in, restrain_.

#post--posthabeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to place after_ (i.e. lower than), _rate lower, esteem less_.

#prae--praebeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to hold forth, offer, grant, supply, furnish_; #aurês praebêre#, _to listen_.

#prô--prohibeô, êre, uî, itus#, _to check, keep off_; _hinder, prevent_.

#habilis, e# [#habeô#], adj., _handy, easily wielded_.

#habitâtiô, ônis# [#habitô#], f., _dwelling-place_.

#habitô, âre, âvî, âtum# [freq. of #habeô#], _to inhabit_; _dwell, live_.

#habitus, ûs# [#habeô#], m., _state, condition_; _habit, dress, attire_.

#hâlitus, ûs#, m., _breath_.

#Hamilcar, aris#, m., a famous Carthaginian general, father of Hannibal (2).

#Hannibal, alis#, m., a Carthaginian name.

1. A naval commander, defeated by C. Duilius, 260 B.C.

2. The son of Hamilcar, born B.C. 247. He invaded Italy in 218, but was defeated by Scipio at Zama in 202; he then fled to the East, and died in 183.

#Hannô, ônis#, m., a Carthaginian general, defeated by Regulus.

#haruspex, icis#, m., _a soothsayer_.

#Hasdrubal, alis#, m., a Carthaginian name.

1. Son of Hamilcar, and brother of Hannibal (2); fought against Scipio Africanus in Spain; defeated and killed at the battle of the Metaurus in Italy, 207 B.C.

2. Son of Gisco; fought against Scipio Africanus in Spain and Africa.

#hasta, ae#, f., _a spear_.

#haud#, adv., _by no means, not, not at all_.

#hauriô, îre, hausî, haustus#, _to drink, swallow_.

#ex--exhauriô, îre, hausî, haustus#, _to empty, exhaust_; _ruin, impoverish_.

#Herculês, is#, m., a Grecian hero, celebrated for his strength and marvelous deeds in many parts of the world.

#hêrês, êdis#, m., _an heir_.

#hîc, haec, hôc#, dem. pron., _this, the following, the latter_; _he, she, it_.

#hîc# [#hîc#], adv., _here, hereupon, at this point_.

#hiems, hiemis#, f., _winter, storm_.

#Hierosolyma, ôrum#, pl. n., _Jerusalem_.

#hilarê# [#hilarus#, _merry_], adv., _merrily, cheerfully, gaily_.

#hilaritâs, âtis# [#hilaris#, _merry_], f., _merriment, gaiety_.

#hinc# [#hîc#], adv., _from this place_ or _time, hence_; #hinc--hinc#, _on this side . . . on that, on the one side . . . on the other_.

#hirundô, inis#, f., _a swallow_.

#Hispânia, ae#, f., _Spain_ (including Portugal). It was divided into two provinces, _Hispânia Citerior_ and _Hispânia Ûlterior_.

#Hispâniênsis, e#, adj., _Spanish, in Spain_.

#Hispânus#, adj., _Spanish_. As noun, #Hispânus, î#, m., _a Spaniard_.

#hodiê# [#hô(c)# + #diê#], adv., _to-day_.

#homô, inis#, m. and f., _a human being, man_; #hominês#, _mankind, the world_.

#honestê# [#honestus#], adv., _honorably_.

#honestus# [#honôs#], adj., _honored, respected_; _honorable, right, virtuous_.

#honôrâtê# [#honôrâtus#, _honored_], adv., _honorably, with respect_.

#honôrificus# [#honôs# + #faciô#], adj., _that does honor, complimentary_.

#honorô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#honôs#], _to honor, do honor to_.

#honôs# or #honor, ôris#, m., _honor, respect, esteem_; _public office_; personified, _Honor_ (a deity).

#hôra, ae#, f., _hour_, the twelfth part of the day (sunrise to sunset) or night.

#Horâtius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens.

#horreô, êre, uî, --#, _to stand on end, bristle_; _shudder at, shrink from_.

#horror, ôris# [#horreô#], m., _dread, terror, horror_.

#hortâtiô, ônis# [#hortor#], f., _encouragement, exhortation_.

#hortor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to exhort, urge_.

#hortus, î#, m., _a garden_.

#hospes, itis#, m., _entertainer, host_; _guest, friend_; _stranger_.

#hospita, ae# [#hospes#], f., _a stranger_; _guest_.

#hospitium, î# [#hospes#], n., _entertainment, hospitality_; _lodgings, inn_.

#hostia, ae#, f., _an animal for sacrifice, victim_.

#hostîlis, e# [#hostis#], adj., _of_ or _from the enemy, hostile_.

#hostîliter# [#hostîlis#], adv., _in hostile manner_.

#Hostîlius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens.

1. _Hostus Hostîlius_, a general of the time of Romulus.

2. _Tullus Hostîlius_, third king of Rome.

#hostis, is#, m., _an enemy_.

#hûc# [#hîc#], adv., _to this place, hither_; #hûc . . . illûc#, _hither . . . thither_.

#hûiuscemodî# [#hîc# + #modus#], adv., _of this_ (i.e. the following) _kind_.

#hûmânitâs, âtis# [#hûmânus#], f., _humanity, kindliness_; _refinement, culture_.

#hûmânus# [#homô#], adj., _human, of man_; _kind, refined, cultured_.

#humilis, e# [#humus#, _the ground_], adj., _low_; _lowly, humble, common_.

#I#

#iaceô, êre, uî, --#, _to lie, lie prostrate_ or _dead_.

#iaciô, iacere, iêcî, iactus#, _to throw, cast, hurl_.

#ab--abiciô, ere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw down, away_, or _aside, lay aside_.

#ad--adiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw to, add_ or _join to, add_ (in speech).

#con--coniciô, icere, coniêcî, coniectus#, _to throw together, unite_; _hurl, throw_.

#dê--dêiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw_ or _hurl down, bring down_; _lay low, dislodge, destroy_.

#ex--êiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to cast_ or _drive out, expel_.

#in--iniciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw in_; _put in_ or _on, lay_; _inspire, suggest_.

#inter--intericiô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw_ or _place between, interpose; intervene_ (in pass.).

#ob--obiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw before, put in the way_; _put in the hands of, turn over_.

#prô--prôiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw forth, fling out, throw_.

#re--rêiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw back, repel_.

#sub--subiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw_ or _place under_; _hand up_; _present, submit_; _subdue_.

#super--superiaciô, ere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw across, let down_.

#trâns--trâiciô, icere, iêcî, iectus#, _to throw_ or _carry across, transport_; _pierce, penetrate, transfix_; _go_ or _pass over, cross_.

#iactâtiô, ônis# [#iactô#], f., _tossing, motion_.

#iactitô, âre, --, --# [freq. of #iactô#], _to boast, brag_.

#iactô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to push_ or _toss about_; _boast of, take pride in_.

#iam#, adv., _already, by this time, now_; _soon, presently_; #iam iam#, _already, at that very moment_; #iam dûdum# or #iam prîdem#, _long ago, long since_.

#iam dûdum#, see #iam#.

#Iâniculum, î#, n., a hill on the west bank of the Tiber.

#iânua, ae#, f., _a door, entrance_.

#Iânus, î#, m., #Janus#, an old Latin divinity, who presided over all beginnings; commonly represented with two faces.

#Iarbâs, ae#, m., king of Numidia and Mauretania (the modern Morocco).

#ibi#, adv., _there, on that side_; _then, thereupon_.

#ibîdem# [#ibi#], adv., _in the same place, on the spot_.

#îcô, ere, îcî, îctus#, _to strike_; #foedus îcere#, _to strike_ (conclude) _a treaty_.

#îctus, ûs# [#îcô#], m., _blow, stroke, wound_.

#îdem, eadem, idem#, dem. pron., _the same_; often best rendered by adv., _also, too, besides_.

#ideô#, adv., _for that reason, therefore_; _with this_ (that) _purpose_.

#Îdûs, uum#, pl. f., _the Ides_, or middle of the month; the fifteenth of March, May, July, and October, the thirteenth of other months.

#igitur#, adv., _then, therefore, accordingly_.

#îgnâvia, ae# [#îgnâvus#, _idle_], f., _idleness, sloth_; _worthlessness_.

#îgnis, is#, m., _fire_.

#îgnôminia, ae# [#in# neg. + #(g)nômen#], f., _dishonor, disgrace, degradation_.

#îgnôrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _not to know_; _to be ignorant of, be unacquainted with_.

#îgnôscô#, see #nôscô#.

#îgnôtus# [#in# neg. + #(g)nôtus#], adj., _unknown, unfamiliar, strange_.

#îlicô# [#in# + #locô#], adv., _on the spot, at once, immediately_.

#ille, illa, illud#, dem. pron., _that, yonder_; _he, she, it_; _the famous, the_.

#illîc# [#ille#], adv., _there, yonder_.

#illûc# [#ille#], adv., _to that place, thither_.

#imâgô, inis#, f., _likeness, semblance, image_; _statue_.

#imbellis, e# [#in# neg. + #bellum#], adj., _unfit for war, unwarlike, cowardly_.

#imber, bris#, m., _rain, shower_.

#imbuô, ere, î, bûtus#, _to wet, moisten_; _inspire, imbue_.

#imitor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to imitate, copy_.

#immâtûrus# [#in# neg. + #mâtûrus#, _ripe_], adj., _unripe_; _untimely, premature_.

#immênsus# [#in# neg. + #mêtior#, _to measure_], adj., _immeasurable, vast, immense_.

#immineô, êre, uî, --#, _to overhang, threaten_.

#immittô#, see #mittô#.

#immô#, adv., _by no means, nay_.

#immolô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #mola#, _meal_], _to sprinkle_ (a victim) _with sacrificial meal, sacrifice_.

#immortâlis, e# [#in# neg. + #mortâlis#], adj., _immortal_.

#immôtus# [#in# neg. + #môtus#, part of #moveô#], adj., _unmoved, motionless_.

#impâr, paris# [#in# neg. + #pâr#], adj., _unequal_.

#impatiêns, entis# [#in# neg. + #patiêns#], adj., _impatient, intolerant_.

#impendium, î# [#impendô#, _to expend_], n., _outlay, cost, expense_.

#impênsa, ae# [#impendô#, _to expend_], f., _outlay, cost, expense_.

#imperâtor, ôris# [#imperô#], m., _commander-in-chief, general_; _emperor_.

#imperâtôrius# [#imperâtor#], adj., _of a general_.

#imperfectus# [#in# neg. + #perfectus#, part. of #perficiô#], adj., _unfinished_.

#imperium, î# [#imperô#], n., _a command, order_; _military authority_; _sovereignty, supremacy_; _the state_.

#imperô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to command, order_; _rule, govern_; _levy, demand_.

#impetrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to gain by asking, obtain, procure_.

#impetus, ûs# [#in# + #petô#], m., _an attack, onset_; _impulse, excitement_; _violence, energy, fury_.

#impietâs, âtis# [#impius#], f., _irreverence, impiety_.

#impiger, gra, grum# [#in# neg. + #piger#, _lazy_], adj., _active, energetic_.

#impius# [#in# + #pius#], adj., _irreverent, wicked, undutiful_.

#impleô#, see #*pleô#.

#implicô, âre, âvî# or #uî, âtus# or #itus# [#in# + #plicô#, _to fold_], _to fold in, envelop_; _involve, attack_.

#implôrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #plôrô#, _to wail, lament_], _to beg, beseech, implore_.

#impônô#, see #pônô#.

#imprîmîs# [= #in prîmîs#], adv., _especially_.

#imprôvîsus# [#in# neg. + #prôvideô#], adj., _unforeseen, unexpected_.

#impûbês, eris# [#in# neg. + #pûbês#, _full grown_], adj., _youthful_.

#impûgnô#, see #pûgnô#.

#impûnîtus# [#in# neg. + #pûniô#], adj., _unpunished_.

#in#, prep, with (1) acc.; of place, _into, to, on, upon, towards, against_; of purpose, _for, with a view to_; of other relations, _respecting, according to_; #in diês#, _day by day_; (2) with abl.; of place, _in, on, upon, in the midst of, among_; of time, _in, in the course of, during_; of other relations, _in the case of, respecting, according to_.

#in#, _not_, a prefix, which, when attached to adj. or participles, negatives or reverses their meaning.

#inaestimâbilis, e# [#in# neg. + #aestimô#, _to reckon_], _inestimable_.

#inambulô#, see #ambulô#.

#inânis, e#, adj., _empty_; _vain, idle_.

#inaudîtus# [#in# neg. + #audîtus#, part. of #audiô#], adj., _unheard of, strange_.

#incautus# [#in# neg. + #cautus#, _wary_], adj., _unsuspecting, off one's guard_.

#incêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#incendium, î# [#incendô#], n., _fire, conflagration_.

#incendô#, see #candeô#·

#inceptum, î# [#incipiô#], n., _beginning, attempt_; _undertaking, purpose_.

#incertus# [#in# neg. + #certus#], adj., _uncertain, doubtful_.

#incêssô, ere, --, --# [freq. of #incêdô#], _to assail, attack_; _rail at_.

#incidô#, see #cadô#.

#incipiô#, see #capiô#.

#incitô#, see #citô#.

#inclâmô#, see #clâmô#.

#inclînô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #*clînô#, _to lean_], (1) trans., _to cause to lean, bend, turn_; (2) intrans., _lean, incline_; _yield, give way_.

#inclitus#, adj., _famous_.

#inclûdô#, see #claudô#.

#incôgnitus# [#in# neg. + #côgnitus#, part. of #côgnôscô#], adj., _unknown_.

#incola, ae# [#incolô#], m., _inhabitant_.

#incolô#, see #colô#.

#incolumis, e#, adj., _safe, unharmed_.

#incônstantia, ae# [#in# neg. + #cônstantia#], f., _changeableness, fickleness_.

#incrêdibilis, e# [#in# neg. + #crêdô#], adj., _beyond belief, incredible_.

#increpô, âre, uî, itus#, _to sound, resound_; _scold, upbraid_; _exclaim_.

#incrêscô#, see #crêscô#.

#incumbô#, see #*cumbô#.

#incûriôsus# [#in# neg. + #cûriôsus#, _careful_], adj., _careless, negligent_.

#incursiô, ônis# [#incurrô#, _to attack_], f., _onset, attack, raid_.

#inde#, adv., _from that place_ or _time, thence_; _thereupon_; _from that circumstance, therefore_.

#index, icis# [#indicô#], m., _mark, sign_.

#indicium, î# [#indicô#], n., _sign, indication, evidence_.

#indîcô# see #dîcô#.

#indicô#, see #dicô#.

#indictus# [#in# neg. + #dictus#, part of #dîcô#], adj., _unsaid_; _unplead_.

#indîgnâtiô, ônis# [#indîgnor#, _to be angry_], f., _displeasure, anger_.

#indîgnê# [#indîgnus#], adv., _unworthily_; _angrily_; #indîgnê ferre# _to take_ (_it_) _amiss_.

#indîgnor, ârî, âtus sum# [#indîgnus#], _to think unworthy_; _be angry_.

#indîgnus# [#in# neg. + #dîgnus#], adj., _unworthy of, unfit for_ (with abl.).

#indô#, see #dô#.

#indolês, is#, f., _inborn quality, natural gifts_; _character, nature, spirit_.

#indûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#indûstria, ae# [#indûstrius#, _active_], f., _diligence, activity, industry_.

#ineô#, see (1) #eô#.

#inermis, e# [#in# neg. + #arma#], adj., _unarmed, defenseless_.

#înfacêtê# [#in# neg. + #facêtê#], adv., _without wit_.

#înfâns, antis# [#in# neg. + #fâns#, part. of #fârî#, _to speak_], adj., _not speaking, speechless_; as noun, m. and f., _an infant_.

#înfêlîx, îcis# [#in# neg. + #fêlîx#], adj., _unfortunate, disastrous_.

#înferior, ôris# [comp. of #înferus#, _low_], adj., _lower, inferior_.

#înferô#, see #ferô#.

#înfêstô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#înfêstus#], _to annoy, disturb_.

#înfêstus#, adj., _hostile, threatening_.

#înficiô#, see #faciô#.

#înflammô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #flamma#], _to kindle, arouse, excite_.

#înflâtus# [#înflô#], adj., _blown up, inflated_.

#înflectô#, see #flectô#.

#înflô#, see #flô#.

#înfôrmô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #fôrma#], _to shape, mould, fashion_; _train, instruct_.

#înfrâ#, adv. and prep. with acc., _below, beneath_.

#ingemîscô, ere, gemuî, --# [#in# + #gemîscô#, incep. of #gemô#], _to groan over, groan_.

#ingenium, î# [#in# + #gîgnô#], n., _natural gifts, nature_; _ability, intellect, wit_; _character, disposition_.

#ingêns, entis#, adj., _large, huge, great_.

#ingenuus#, adj., _free-born_; _noble, liberal_.

#ingrâtus# [#in# neg. + #grâtus#], adj., _unpleasant, thankless, ungrateful_.

#ingredior#, see #gradior#.

#inhibeô#, see #habeô#.

#iniciô#, see #iaciô#.

#inimîcitia, ae# [#inimîcus#], f., _enmity_.

#inimîcus# [#in# neg. + #amîcus#], adj., _unfriendly, hostile_; as noun, _a personal enemy, foe_, as distinguished from #hostis#, _a public enemy_.

#inîquê# [#inîquus#, _unjust_], adv., _unjustly_.

#initium, î# [#ineô#], n., _beginning_; #initiô#, abl. as adv., _at the outset, at first_.

#iniûria, ae# [#in# neg. + #iûs#], f., _wrong, injustice_; _insult, injury_.

(#iniussus, ûs#) [#in# neg. + #iubeô#], m., found in abl. only, _without orders_.

#inlîdô#, see #laedô#.

#inlûstris, e#, adj., _bright, clear_; _famous, renowned_ (cf. #clârus#).

#innîtor#, see #nîtor#.

#innocentia, ae# [#in# neg. + #noceô#], f., _harmlessness, innocence, integrity_.

#innôtêscô, ere, nôtuî, --# [#in# + #nôtêscô#, _to become known_], _to become known_.

#innoxius# [#in# neg. + #noxius#, _harmful_], adj., _harmless, blameless, innocent_.

#innumerâbilis, e# [#in# neg. + #numerô#, _to count_], adj., _beyond number, countless_.

#innumerus# [#in# neg. + #numerus#], adj., _countless_.

#innuô#, see #*nuô#.

#inopia, ae# [#inops#], f., _want, scarcity, need, poverty_.

#inopînâtus# [#in# neg. + #opînor#, _to think_], adj., _unexpected_.

#inops, opis# [#in# neg. + #ops#], adj., _without resources, helpless, poor, needy_.

#inquam#, def. verb, _I say_. See #297#, II, 2: 144, _b_: _175_, 2.

#inquiêtus# [#in# neg. + #quiêtus#], adj., _restless_.

#inquinô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to stain, defile_.

#inrîdeô#, see #rîdeô#.

#inrîsus, ûs# [#inrîdeô#], m., _derision, mockery_.

#inruô#, see #ruô#.

#înscientia, ae# [#însciêns#, _ignorant_], adj., _ignorance_.

#înscius# [#in# neg. + #sciô#], adj., _ignorant, unaware_.

#înscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#însequor#, see #sequor#.

#însideô#, see #sedeô#.

#însidiae, ârum# [#însideô#], pl. f., _ambush_; _trap_; _artifice, plot_.

#însidior, ârî, âtus sum# [#însidiae#], _to lie in wait for, plot against_.

#însîgne, is# [#însîgnis#], n., _a mark, badge_.

#însîgnis, e# [#in# + #sîgnum#], adj., _marked, conspicuous, noted, famous_.

#însiliô#, see #saliô#.

#însinuô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #sinus#, _fold, coil_], _to push or thrust in_.

#însitus# [#inserô#, _to implant_], adj., _inborn, innate, ingrafted_.

#însolêns, entis# [#in# neg. + #solêns#, part. of #soleô#], adj., _unusual, haughty, insolent_.

#însolenter# [#însolêns#], adv., _haughtily_.

#însolentia, ae# [#însolêns#], f., _unusual_ or _extravagant conduct, insolence_.

#înspêrâbilis, e# [#in# neg. + #spêrô#], adj., _unhoped for, unexpected_.

#înspiciô#, see #*speciô#.

#înstituô#, see #statuô#.

#înstitûtum, î# [#înstituô#], n., _institution_; _habit, custom_.

#înstrûmentum, î# [#înstruô#], n., _tool_; _collectively, stock of tools, plant_.

#înstruô#, see #struô#.

#însusurrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #susurrus#, _a whisper_], _to whisper to, suggest_.

#însum#, see #sum#.

#intâctus# [#in# neg. + #tâctus#, part. of #tangô#], adj., _untouched, uninjured_.

#integer, gra, grum# [#in# neg. + root #tag# in #tangô#], adj., _untouched, uninjured_; #integer, â#, _free from, untouched by_.

#intellegô#, see #legô#.

#intempestus#, adj., _stormy_.

#intendô#, see #tendô#.

#intentus# [orig. part. of #intendô#], adj., _attentive, intent_.

#inter#, prep. with acc.; of place, _between, among_; of time, _during_.

#intercalârius# [#intercalô#], adj., _intercalary, inserted in the calendar_.

#intercalô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to intercalate, insert in the calendar_.

#intercipiô#, see #capiô#.

#interdîcô#, see #dîcô#.

#interdiû# [#inter# + #diû#], adv., _by day_.

#interdum# [#inter# + (1) #dum#], adv., _between whiles, now and then, sometimes_.

#intereâ# [#inter# + #is#], adv., _in the meantime, meanwhile_.

#intereô#, see (1) #eô#.

#interfector, ôris# [#interficiô#], m., _slayer, assassin, murderer_.

#interficiô#, see #faciô#.

#intericiô#, see #iaciô#.

#interim#, adv., _meanwhile_.

#interimô#, see #emô#.

#interitus, ûs# [#intereô#], m., _overthrow, death, destruction_.

#internûntius, î# [#inter# + #nûntius#], m., _go-between, messenger_.

#interpretor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to explain, interpret_; _maintain_.

#interrogô#, see #rogô#.

#intersum#, see #sum#.

#intervâllum, î# [#inter# + #vâllum#], n., _interval_ (of time or space), _distance_.

#intervertô#, see #vertô#.

#intimus#, adj., _inmost, deepest_; _close, intimate_.

#intolerâbilis, e# [#in# neg. + #tolerô#, _to bear_], adj., _unendurable_.

#intrâ#, adv. and prep. with acc., _inside of, within, during_.

#intrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#intrô#, adv., _within_], _to enter_.

#intrôdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#introeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#intueor#, see #tueor#.

#intumêscô, ere, tumuî, --# [#in# + #tumêscô#, incep. of #tumeô#, _to be swollen_], _to swell, rise_.

#inundô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#in# + #undô#, _to rise in waves_], _to deluge, flood_.

#inûsitâtus# [#in# neg. + #ûsitâtus#, _usual_], adj., _unusual, unfamiliar, novel_.

#invâdô#, see #vâdô#.

#invalidus# [#in# neg. + #validus#], adj., _weak, feeble_.

#invehô#, see #vehô#.

#inveniô#, see #veniô#.

#invicem, in vicem#, see #vicis#.

#invictus# [#in# neg. + #victus#, part. of #vincô#], adj., _unconquerable_.

#invideô#, see #videô#.

#invidia, ae# [#invideô#], f., _envy_; _ill-will, odium, unpopularity_.

#invidiôsus# [#invidia#], adj., _envious_; _exciting envy, unpopular, hateful_.

#inviolâtus# [#in# neg. + #violô#], adj., _unhurt_.

#invîsus# [orig. part. of #invideô#], adj., _hated, hateful_.

#invîtô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to invite, ask, summon_; _feast, entertain_.

#invîtus#, adj., _unwilling, on compulsion_.

#iocus, î# (pl. also #ioca#), m., _a jest, joke_.

#ipse, a, um#, _himself, herself, itself, themselves_; often best rendered by _very, mere, in person, even, actually_.

#îra, ae#, f., _anger, passion_.

#îrâscor, î, îrâtus sum# [#îra#], _to be_ or _become angry_.

#îrâtus# [orig. part. of #îrâscor#], adj., _angered, enraged_; _in anger, angrily_.

#is, ea, id#, dem. pron., _this_ or _that_; _he, she, it_; _such_ (esp. before #ut# with #subj.#).

#iste, a, ud#, gen. #istîus#, dat. #istî#, _that of yours, your_; _that, this_.

#ita# [#is#], adv., _in this way, so, thus, as follows_.

#Îtalia, ae#, f., _Italy_. The name did not include the basin of the Po (Cisalpine Gaul) until the time of Augustus.

#Îtalicus, î#, m., _an Italian_.

#itaque# [#ita# + #que#], adv. and conj., _and so, therefore, as a consequence, accordingly_.

#item#, adv., _besides, likewise, also_.

#iter, itineris# [#eô, îre#], n., _a journey, march_; _road, highway_.

#iterum#, adv., _a second time, again_.

#Iuba, ae#, m., a king of Numidia, ally of Pompey, but defeated by Caesar at the battle of Thapsus, B.C. 46.

#iubeô, êre, iussî, iussus#, _to order, command_.

#iûcundê# [#iûcundus#], adv., _agreeably, pleasantly, delightfully_.

#iûcundus#, adj., _pleasing, agreeable, charming, delightful_.

#Iudaea, ae#, f., _Judaea_.

#Iudaeus, î#, m., _a Jew_.

#iûdex, icis# [#iûs# + #dîcô#], m., _a judge, juror_.

#iûdicium, î# [#iûdex#], n., _judgment, decision_.

#iûdicô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#iûdex#], _to examine judicially, judge, adjudge_; _think, consider_; _declare, resolve_.

#iûgerum, î#, n., a land measure = about two thirds of an English acre; _an acre_.

#iugulum, î# [dim. of #iugum#], n., _throat, neck_.

#iugum, î# [#iungô#], n., _a yoke, collar_; _mountain summit, range of mountains_; _a military yoke_, formed by fixing two spears upright in the ground and tying a third across between their upper ends. Beneath such a yoke the Romans made their conquered enemies pass, in token of complete surrender of liberty and life to their conquerors.

#Iugurtha, ae#, m., the famous king of Numidia, who fought with Rome 111 to 106 B.C.; defeated by Marius.

#Iugurthînus#, adj., _of_ or _with Jugurtha, Jugurthine_.

#Iûlia, ae#, f., _Julia_.

1. Daughter of Julius Caesar, and wife of Pompey.

2. Sister of Julius Caesar and grandmother of the Emperor Augustus.

#Iûlius, î#, m., the name of a famous Roman gens. See #Caesar#.

#iungô, ere, iûnxî, iûnctus#, _to join together, unite, bind, fasten, yoke_.

#ad--adiungô, ere, iûnxî, iûnctus#, _to join_ or _add to, attach_.

#con--coniungô, ere, iûnxî, iûnctus#, _to fasten together, join, unite_.

#iûnior#, see #iuvenis#.

#Iûnius, î#, m., the name of a famous Roman gens. See #Brûtus#.

#Iuppiter, Iovis#, m., the chief god of the Latins, orig. a personification of the sky. He controlled thunder, lightning, rain, and storms.

#iûre#, see #iûs#.

#iûrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#iûs#], _to take an oath, swear_; _swear to_.

#con--côniûrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to take an oath together, conspire, plot_.

#iûs, iûris#, n., _right, justice, law_; _court of justice, trial in court_; abl. #iûre# as adv., _rightly, justly_; #in iûs vocâre#, _to summon into court, bring to trial_.

#iûsiûrandum, î# [#iûs# + #iûrô#], n., _an oath_.

(#iussus, ûs#) [#iubeô#], m., _order, command_ (found only in abl. sing.).

#iûstitia, ae# [#iûs#], f., _justice, uprightness_.

#iuvenis, is#, comp. #iûnior#, sup. #minimus nâtû#, adj., _young_. As noun, #iuvenis, is#, m., _young person, youth_ (between 17 and 45); #iuvenês# or #iûniôrês#, _the fighting men_.

#iuventa, ae# [#iuvenis#], f., _youth_.

#iuventûs, ûtis# [#iuvenis#], f., _youth_; collectively, _young people_, esp. _fighting men_. Cf. #iuvenis#.

#K#

#Kalendae, ârum#, pl. f., _the Kalends_, or the first day of the month.

#L#

#labor, ôris#, m., _labor, toil_; _hardship, distress_.

#lâbor, î, lâpsus sum#, _to slip_.

#dê--dêlâbor, î, lâpsus sum#, _to glide down_; _slip_ or _fall down, fall_.

#ex--êlâbor, î, lâpsus sum#, _to slip away, glide off, escape_.

#prô--prôlâbor, î, lâpsus sum#, _to fall down_; _slip, stumble_.

#re--relâbor, î, lâpsus sum#, _to slip_ or _sink back_; _flow back, subside_.

#labôriôsê# [#labôriôsus#, _toilsome_], adv., _laboriously, carefully_.

#labôrô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to labor, toil_; _be hard pressed, suffer, be afflicted_.

#ex--êlabôrô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to labor, toil, endeavor_.

#Lacedaemonius, î#, m., an inhabitant of Lacedaemon or Sparta, the chief city of Laconia, a district of Southern Greece.

#lacerô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to tear to pieces, rend, mutilate, wound_.

#*laciô, ere#, _to entice_.

#ad--adliciô, ere, lexî, lectus#, _to entice, win over, attract_.

#ex--êliciô, ere, uî, itus#, _to draw forth, call down_.

#per--perliciô, ere, lexî, lectus#, _to entice, allure, win over_.

#lacrima, ae#, f., _a tear_.

#lacrimâbundus# [#lacrimô#, _to weep_], adj., _weeping_.

#laedô, ere, laesî, laesus#, _to hurt, injure_.

#ex--êlîdô, ere, lîsî, lîsus#, _to dash out_; _shatter, crush_.

#in--inlîdô, ere, lîsî, lîsus#, _to dash against_.

#Laelius, î#, m., gentile name of _C. Laelius_, a friend of Scipio Africanus.

#laetitia, ae# [#laetus#], f., _joy, exultation_.

#laetus#, adj., _joyful, glad, cheerful_.

#laevus#, adj., _left_.

#lambô, ere, --, --#, _to lick, lap_.

#lâmenta, ôrum#, pl. n., _lamentations_.

#lâmina, ae#, f., _a thin plate_.

#lâna, ae#, f., _wool_.

#lancea, ae#, f., _a spear, lance, dart_.

#lânificium, î# [#lânâ# + #faciô#], n., _spinning, weaving_.

#lanius, î#, m., _a butcher_.

#lapideus# [#lapis#], adj., _of stone, stone_.

#lapis, idis#, m., _a stone_; _milestone_.

#laqueus, î#, m., _noose, halter_.

#Lârentia, ae#, f., see #Acca#.

#largîtiô, ônis# [#largior#, _to bribe_], f., _liberality_; _bribery_.

#latebra, ae#, [#lateô#, _to lie hid_], f., _hiding place_ (usually only in pl.).

#laterîcius# [#later#, _a brick_], adj., _made of brick, brick_.

#Latînus#, adj., _pertaining to Latium, Latin_; as noun, #Latînus, î#, m., _an inhabitant of Latium, a Latin_.

#lâtrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bark at_.

#latrô, ônis#, m., _robber, brigand_.

#latus, eris#, n., _side_; _flank_.

#laudâbilis, e# [#laudô#], adj., _praiseworthy, commendable_.

#laudandus# [gerundive of #laudô#], adj., _praiseworthy, commendable_.

#laudô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to praise, extol_.

#con--conlaudô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to praise very highly, extol_.

#laurea, ae# (sc. #corôna#), f., _a laurel wreath_ or _crown_.

#laus, laudis#, f., _praise, fame, glory_; _ability_ (as that which excites praise). #laudibus ferre#, _to extol_.

#lautus# [part. of #lavô#, _to wash_], adj., _well-washed, neat_; _elegant, splendid_.

#laxitâs, âtis# [#laxus#, _roomy_], f., _spaciousness, roominess, size_.

#lectîca, ae# [#lectus#], f., _a litter, sedan chair, palanquin_.

#lectulus, î# [dim. of #lectus#], m., _a small couch, bed_.

#lectus, î#, m., _a couch, bed_.

#lêgâtiô, ônis# [#lêgô#, to commission], f., _embassy, legation_.

#lêgâtus, î# [#lêgô#, _to commission_], m., _one specially commissioned, ambassador, envoy_; _a deputy, lieutenant_, an officer next in command to the #imperâtor#, who selected him subject to the approval of the senate. Often several attended the general, serving in turn, acting as his counsellors, and commanding in his absence.

#legiô, ônis# [#legô#], f., _a legion_, containing from four to six thousand men; #legiônês#, _the infantry_, as distinct from the cavalry.

#lêgitimus# [#lêx#], adj., _fixed by law, legal_.

#legô, ere, lêgî, lêctus#, _to gather, collect_; _select, appoint, choose_; _read_.

#con--conligô, ere, lêgî, lêctus#, _to collect, gather_.

#dê--dêligô, ere, lêgî, lêctus#, _to choose, select_; _levy_.

#dis--dîligô, ere, lêxî, lêctus#, _to single out, esteem, love, prize_.

#ex--êligô, ere, lêgî, lêctus#, _to pick out, choose, select_.

#inter--intellegô, ere, lêxî, lêctus#, _learn_; _perceive, understand_.

#lêniter# [#lênis#, _soft, gentle_], adv., _softly, mildly, lightly_.

#lênôcinium, î#, n., _excessive finery_ or _nicety in dress_.

#Lentulus, î#, m., _P. Cornêlius Lentulus Dolâbella_, a son-in-law of Cicero.

#lentus#, adj., _pliant, tough_; _slow, sluggish_.

#Lepidus, î#, m., _M. Aemilius_, consul with Caesar, B.C. 46; a member, with Octavianus and Antony, of the second triumvirate.

#lêtâlis, e# [#lêtum#, _death_], adj., _deadly, fatal_.

#levis, e#, adj., _light, slight, trivial_.

#leviter# [#levis#], adv., _lightly, slightly_.

#lêx, lêgis#, f., _law, decree_; _term, condition_.

#libêns, entis# [#libet#, _it pleases_], adj., _willing_; _with good will_ or _pleasure, gladly_.

#libenter# [#libêns#], adv., _gladly, willingly_.

#lîber, lîbera, lîberum#, adj., _free_; _generous_; _outspoken, frank_.

#liber, librî#, m., _a book_.

#lîberâlitâs, âtis# [#lîberâlis#, _generous_], f., _generosity, kindness_; _a gift_.

#lîberâliter# [#lîberâlis#, _generous_], adv., _kindly, generously, graciously_.

#lîberî, ôrum# [#lîber#], pl. m., _children_; properly the free persons of the family as distinct from the slaves.

#lîberô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#lîber#], _to set free, free_; _acquit, absolve_.

#lîbertâs, âtis# [#lîber#], f., _freedom, independence_.

#lîbertus, î# [#lîber#], m., _a freedman_.

#libîdô, inis# [#libet#, _it pleases_], f., _pleasure_; _lust, wantonness, passion_.

#lîbrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#lîbra#, _a balance_], _to balance, poise, brandish_.

#licentia, ae# [#licet#], f., _freedom, license_.

#licet, êre, uit# or #itum est#, impers., _it is allowed_ or _permitted_.

#lîctor, ôris#, m., _a lictor_, a Roman officer. The lictors were orig. attendants of the kings, but later were granted to dictators, consuls, and praetors. They accompanied these magistrates whenever they appeared in public, and cleared the way before them. They also carried the fasces, and executed criminal sentences.

#lîgneus# [#lîgnum#, _wood_], adj., _wooden_.

#ligô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bind_.

#ad--adligô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bind to, bind fast, bind_.

#dê--dêligô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bind to, tie, fasten_.

#re--religô, âre, avî, âtus#, _to bind, fasten_.

#lîmen, inis#, n., _threshold, doorstep_.

#lîneâmentum, î# [#lînea#, _a line_], n., _a line_; _feature, lineament_.

#lingua, ae#, f., _tongue_; _language_.

#liquefaciô, ere, fêcî, factus# [#liqueô#, _to be liquid_ + #faciô#], _to melt, dissolve_.

#Lîternînus#, adj., _at Literum_, a town of Campania. As noun, #Lîternînum, î# (sc. #praedium#, _an estate_), n., an estate of Scipio Africanus Maior at Liternum.

#lîtigâtor, ôris# [#lîs#, _lawsuit_ + #agô#], m., _a party to a lawsuit, litigant_.

#littera, ae#, f., _a letter_ (of the alphabet); in pl., _a letter, epistle_; _literature_.

#litterâtus# [#littera#], adj., _lettered, educated, learned_.

#lîtus, oris#, n., (sea)_shore, beach, strand_.

#Lîvius, î#, m., gentile name of _M. Lîvius Salînâtor_, who commanded the garrison of Tarentum during the second Punic War.

#locô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#locus#], _to place, put_; _contract for, let, lease_.

#con--conlocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to place, arrange, station, establish_.

#locuplês, êtis# [#locus# + #plênus#], adj., _rich in lands, rich_.

#locus, î#, m. (pl., #locî# and #loca#), _a place, spot_; _locality, region_; _position, station, post_; _room, opportunity_.

#longê# [#longus#], adv., _a long way_ or _distance, at a distance_; _far, by far_.

#longinquus# [#longus#], adj., _remote, distant_.

#longus#, adj., _long_; _distant_.

#loquor, î, locûtus sum#, _to speak, talk, say_.

#ad--adloquor, î, locûtus sum#, _to speak to, address_.

#con--conloquor, î, locûtus sum#, _to talk with, converse, confer_.

#lôrîca, ae# [#lôrum#], f., _a corselet_ of leather, _coat of mail_; #squâmârum lôrîca#, _armor-like covering of scales_.

#lôrum, î#, n., _a leather thong_ or _strap_.

#Lûcius, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#Lucrêtia, ae#, f., the wife of Collatinus, a type of the Roman matron of the olden time.

#luctor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to wrestle, struggle_.

#lûctus, ûs# [#lûgeô#], m., _grief, sorrow, mourning_.

#Lûcullus, î#, m., _L. Licinius_, born about 110 B.C., consul 74; conducted the war against Mithridates 74-67, after which he gave himself to a life of luxury, dying in 57 or 56.

#lûcus, î#, m., _a sacred grove, grove_.

#lûdibrium, î# [#lûdus#], n., _laughing-stock, jest_; _mockery, derision_.

#lûdicer, cra, crum# [#lûdus#], adj., _playful, sportive_.

#lûdus, î#, m., _play, sport_; _a game_, esp. (in pl.) _the public games_, consisting of chariot races, gladiatorial combats, and theatrical performances.

#lûgeô, êre, lûxî, lûctus#, _to grieve_; _grieve for, mourn, lament_.

#lûgubris, e# [#lûgeô#], adj., _mournful_.

#lûmen, inis# [cf. #lux#], n., _light_.

#lûna, ae# [cf. #lûx#], f., _the moon_.

#lupa, ae#, f., _a she-wolf_.

#lûstrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to purify, cleanse_; _to review, inspect_.

#lûx, lûcis#, f., _light, daylight, day_; #prîmâ lûce#, _at dawn_.

#lûxuria, ae# [#lûxus#], f., _luxury, excess_.

#lûxus, ûs#, m., _excess, luxury, self-indulgence_.

#M#

#Macedô, onis#, m., _a Macedonian_.

#Macedonia, ae#, f., _Macedonia_, an extensive country north of Greece. Its inhabitants were not generally reckoned as Greeks. Under Alexander the Great it became the chief power of the ancient world.

#mâchina, ae#, f., _machine_ or _engine of war_; _a contrivance, trick_.

#mactô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to offer as sacrifice, kill, slaughter_.

#mactus#, adj., _worshiped, glorified_.

#Maecênâs, âtis#, m., _C. Cilnius_, the close friend of Augustus and his chief adviser in civil affairs.

#maestus#, adj., _sad, gloomy, mournful_.

#magis#, comp., adv., _in a greater degree_; _more, rather_; sup. #mâximê# [#mâximus#], _in the highest degree, particularly_; _exceedingly, very_.

#magister, trî#, m., _master, chief_; _teacher_; #magister equitum#, _Master of the Horse_, an officer appointed by a dictator as his lieutenant. The name perhaps indicates that he had especial command of the cavalry.

#magistrâtus, ûs# [#magister#], m., _civil office, magistracy_.

#mâgnificê# [#mâgnificus#], adv., in good sense, _grandly_; in bad sense, _in lordly fashion, haughtily, proudly_.

#mâgnificentia, ae# [#mâgnificus#], f., _splendor, grandeur_.

#mâgnificus# [#mâgnus# + #faciô#], adj., _splendid, magnificent_.

#mâgnitûdô, inis# [#mâgnus#], f., _greatness, size_.

#mâgnus#, comp. #mâior#, sup. #mâximus#, adj., _great, large_; #mâior# or #mâximus# (sc. #nâtû#), _elder, eldest_. As noun, #Mâgnus, î#, m., _the Great_, cognomen of Pompey; #mâiôrês# (sc. #nâtû#), pl. m., _ancestors_.

#Maharbal, alis#, m., _a Carthaginian general_.

#mâiestâs, âtis# [cf. #mâior#], f., _greatness, dignity_.

#mâior, mâius#, gen. #mâiôris#, see #mâgnus#.

#male# [#malus#], comp. #pêius#, sup. #pessimê#, adv., _badly, ill, unsuccessfully_; _feebly, barely, scarcely_.

#maledictum, î# [#male# + #dîcô#], n., _a curse_.

#mâlô, mâlle, mâluî# [#magis# + (1) #volô#], _to prefer_.

#malus#, comp. #pêior#, sup. #pessimus#, adj., _bad, wicked_; _evil, unfortunate_. As noun, #malum, î#, n., _evil, misfortune, trouble_.

#Mâmurius, î#, m., a Roman smith of the time of King Numa.

#mandâtum, î# [#mandô#], n., _an order, command_.

#mandô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#manus# + #dô#], _to hand over, commit, entrust_; _order, command_; #lîtterîs mandâre#, _to write_.

#con--commendô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to commit, entrust_; _assist, defend_.

#mâne#, adv., _early in the morning_.

#maneô, êre, mânsî, mânsûrus#, _to remain, stay, tarry_.

#re--remaneô, êre, mânsî, mânsûrus#, _to stay behind, remain_.

#Mânês, ium#, pl. m., _the deified spirits of the dead_, to whom sacrifice was regularly made.

#manifêstus# [#manus# + #*fendô#], adj., _clear, manifest, evident_; _exposed_.

#manipulus, î# [#manus# + #*pleô#] m., _a company of soldiers, maniple_ (one third of a cohort). The standard of the maniple orig. bore (it is said) a _handful_ of hay.

#Mânius, î#, m., abbreviated #M'.#, a Roman praenomen.

#Mânliânus#, adj., _Manlian_.

#Mânlius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens. See #Torquâtus#.

#mânô, âre, âvî, --#, _to flow, trickle_; _to flow_ or _stream abroad, spread_.

#mânsuêtûdô, inis# [#mânsuêtus#, _tame_], f., _mildness, gentleness_.

#manubiae, ârum# [#manus#], pl. f., _prize-money, booty, plunder_.

#manûmittô, ere, mîsî, missus# [#manus# + #mittô#], _to set free, emancipate_.

#manus, ûs#, f., _hand, arm_; #ferreae manûs#, _grappling irons_ (see #corvus#); _force, strength, prowess_; _band, troop_; #manûs cônserere#, _to join battle_.

#Mârcus, î#, m., a common praenomen.

#Mârcius, î#, m., see #Ancus#.

#mare, is#, n., _the sea_; #Mare Superum#, _the Upper_ or _Adriatic Sea_.

#margarîta, ae#, f., _a pearl_.

#maritimus# [#mare#], adj., _pertaining to the sea, sea, maritime_.

#marîtus, î#, m., _husband_.

#Marius, î#, m., _C._, born near Arpinum in Latium, 107 B.C.; conquered Jugurtha, 106; was seven times consul; defeated Teutones in 102, Cimbri in 101; died in 86.

#marmor, oris#, n., _marble_.

#marmoreus# [#marmor#], adj., _marble, of marble_.

#Mârs, Mârtis#, m., _Mars_, the Roman god of war; _war, battle_.

#Mârtius# [#Mârs#], adj., _of March_.

#Masinissa, ae#, m., king of Numidia, ally of Scipio Africanus Maior, in Africa, B.C. 202. He reigned till 148.

#Massîva, ae#, m., nephew of Masinissa.

#mâter, mâtris#, f., _mother_.

#mâternus# [#mâter#], adj., _of a mother, mother's_; _maternal, on the mother's side_.

#mâtrimônium, î# [#mâter#], n., _marriage_.

#mâtrôna, ae# [#mâter#], f., _a married woman, wife, matron_.

#Maurî, ôrum#, pl. m., _Moors_, inhabitants of Mauretania, the modern Morocco.

#mâximê# [#mâximus#], adv., see #magis#.

#mâximus#, adj., see #mâgnus#.

#Mâximus, î#, m., a Roman cognomen.

1. _M. Valerius Mâximus Corvînus_, consul 343 B.C.

2. _Q. Fabius Mâximus_, a famous general opposed to Hannibal, surnamed _Cunctâtor_, from his caution. He was five times consul, and died in 203.

#medicâmentum, î# [#medicô#, _to heal_], n., _drug, potion_; _antidote, cure_.

#medicus, î# [#medeor#, _to heal_], m., _a physician, surgeon, doctor_.

#meditor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to reflect upon, consider_; _plan, devise_.

#medius#, adj., _in the middle, middle, midst of_. As noun, #medium, î#, n., _the middle, midst, intervening space_; #in mediô#, _in the midst of, between_; #in medium prôferre#, _to bring out, produce_.

#melior, ius#, gen. #ôris#, adj., see #bonus#.

#melius#, adv., see #bene#.

#Memmius, î#, m., gentile name of _C. Memmius Gemellus_, an opponent of Julius Caesar.

#memorâbilis, e# [#memorô#], adj., _worth telling, remarkable_.

#memoria, ae# [#memor#, _mindful_], f., _memory_; _record, account_.

#memorô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#memor#, _mindful_], _to bring to mind, relate_; _say, tell_.

#mêns, mentis#, f., _the mind, intellectual faculties_; _thought, purpose_.

#mênsa, ae#, f., _table_; _course_ (at dinner).

#mênsis, is#, m., _a month_.

#mentiô, ônis#, f., _mention_.

#mercor, ârî, âtus sum# [#merx#], _to buy, purchase_.

#mereô, êre, uî, itus#, _to earn, deserve, merit_.

#mergô, ere, mersî, mersus#, _to dip, plunge in_; _sink_.

#meritô# [#meritum#, _desert_], adv., _deservedly, justly_.

#merx, mercis#, f., _goods, wares, merchandise_.

#Metellus, î#, m., a Roman cognomen.

1. _L. Caecilius Metellus_, one of the young nobles who, after the battle of Cannae, proposed to leave Italy.

2. _Q. Caecilius Metellus_, called _Numidicus_, because of the success with which he carried on the Jugurthine War, till superseded by Marius.

3. _Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius_, consul B.C. 80. He fought against Sertorius.

#mêtor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to measure off, mark out_.

#Mettius, î#, m., see #Fûfetius#.

#metus, ûs#, m., _fear, dread, terror_.

#meus#, adj., _my, mine_. As noun, #meî, meôrum#, pl. m., _my friends, my followers_.

#mî#, vocative sing. of #meus#.

#micô, âre, uî, --#, _to quiver, flash, gleam_.

#migrô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to remove, migrate_.

#con--commigrô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to change one's home, move, migrate_.

#re--remigrô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to journey_ (back), _return_.

#mîles, itis#, m., _a soldier, fellow-soldier_; as collective noun, _soldiery_.

#Mîlêtus, î#, f., a city in Asia Minor, near Ephesus.

#mîlitâris, e# [#mîles#], adj., _soldierly, military_; #rês mîlitâris#, _the art of war, military tactics_.

#mîlitia, ae# [#mîles#], f., _military service, war_; #mîlitiae#, loc., _in the field, abroad_, opposed to #domî#, _at home_.

#mîlitô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to be a soldier, serve in war, fight_.

#mîlle#, indecl. adj., _a thousand_; as noun, #mîlia#, pl. n., _thousands_.

#mîlliês# [#mîlle#], adv., _a thousand times_.

#mîmus, î#, m., _farce, comedy_.

#minimê# [#minimus#], adv., see #parum#.

#minister, trî#, m., _attendant, servant_.

#minitor, ârî, âtus sum# [freq. of #minor#], _to threaten_.

#minor, us#, gen. #ôris#, see #parvus#.

#minor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to threaten_.

#Minucius, î#, m., _M. Minucius Rûfus, magister equitum_ under Q. Fabius Maximus.

#Minturnae, ârum#, pl. f., a town between Campania and Latium.

#minuô, ere, î, ûtus# [#minus#], _to diminish, lessen_; _weaken_.

#minus#, adv., see #parum#.

#mîrâbilis, e# [#mîror#], adj., _wonderful, strange, amazing_.

#mîrâculum, î# [#mîror#], n., _a wonder, marvel, miracle_.

#mîrificus# [#mîrus# + #faciô#], adj., _wonderful_.

#mîror, ârî, âtus sum#, _to wonder, marvel at_.

#mîrus#, adj., _wonderful, marvelous_.

#miser, era, erum#, adj., _wretched, unfortunate_.

#misericordia, ae# [#misericors#], f., _pity, compassion, mercy_.

#misericors, cordis# [#misereô#, _to pity_ + #cor#, _heart_], adj., _tender-hearted, merciful_.

#missiô, ônis# [#mittô#], f., _release from service, discharge_.

#Mithridâtês#, is, m., surnamed _the Great_, king of Pontus, B.C. 120-63.

#Mithridâticus#, adj., _Mithridatic_.

#mîtigô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#mîtis# + #agô#], _to make gentle, soften, civilize_.

#mîtis, e#, adj., _mild, gentle, kind_.

#mittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _send, despatch, dismiss_; _throw, hurl, shoot_.

#ab--âmittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send away, let go, lose_.

#ad--admittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to admit, receive_.

#con--committô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send_ or _bring together, join_; _entrust, commit, bring_ (it) _about, cause, allow_; #pûgnam# or #proelium committere#, _to begin battle_.

#dê--dêmittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send_ or _let down, cast down, let fall_; _put_.

#dis--dîmittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send_ (away), _dismiss_; _give up, abandon_.

#ex--êmittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send forth_ or _out_; _hurl, cast_; _utter_; _let loose_.

#in--immittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send in, admit_; _send, hurl_.

#ob--omittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to lay aside_; _neglect, omit_; _pass over, say nothing of_; _lose sight of, let slip_.

#per--permittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to let pass_; _permit, allow_.

#prô--prômittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to put forward_; _promise_.

#re--remittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send back_; _yield, give up_; _remit, grant exemption from_.

#re + prô--reprômittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to promise in return_.

#sub--submittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send_ or _let down_; _let grow_.

#trâns--trânsmittô, ere, mîsî, missus#, _to send_ or _put across_, _make to cross_; _despatch_; intrans., _to go across, cross_.

#Mitylênae, ârum#, pl. f., capital of Lesbos, an island in the Aegean Sea.

#moderâtiô, ônis# [#moderor#, _to set bounds to_], f., _self-control, moderation_.

#moderâtus# [#moderor#, _to check_], adj., _within bounds, moderate, merciful_.

#modicus# [#modus#], adj., _moderate, modest_.

#modius, î# [#modus#], m., _a measure_; _a peck_.

#modo# [#modus#], adv., _only_; _just now, lately_; #modo . . . modo#, _at one time . . . at another, now . . . now_; #nôn; modo . . . sed etiam#, _not only . . . but also_.

#modus, î#, m., _measure, limit, end_; _way, manner_; _measure, strains_ (of music).

#moenia, ium#, pl. n., _defensive walls, city walls, fortifications_.

#môlês, is#, f., _mass, weight, bulk_; _massive structure_.

#molestê# [#molestus#], adv., _with difficulty_ or _vexation_; #aegrê# or #molestê ferre#, _to take amiss, be vexed_ (at).

#molestia, ae# [#molestus#], f., _trouble, annoyance, burden_.

#molestus# [#môlês#], adj., _troublesome, annoying, vexatious_.

#môlior, îrî, îtus sum# [#môlês#], _to struggle, toil_; _undertake, attempt_.

#mollis, e#, adj., _soft, tender_; _effeminate, unmanly_.

#molliter# [#mollis#], adv., _effeminately, luxuriously_.

#Molô, ônis#, m., see #Apollônius#.

#mômentum, î# [#moveô#], n., _movement_; _cause, circumstance_; (sc. #temporis#), _moment, instant_.

#moneô, êre, uî, itus#, _to remind, admonish_; _advise, warn_.

#ad--admoneô, êre, uî, itus#, _to remind, admonish, warn_.

#monitus, ûs# [#moneô#], m., _warning, counsel_.

#môns, montis#, m., _a mountain, height, hill_.

#mônstrum, î# [#moneô#], n., _a warning, omen_; _strange being, monster_.

#mora, ae#, f., _delay, policy of delay_.

#morbus, î#, m., _sickness, disease_.

#morior, morî, mortuus sum#, _to die_.

#moror, ârî, âtus sum#, _to delay, linger, tarry_; with acc., _to hinder, impede_.

#dê--dêmoror, ârî, âtus sum#, _to linger, tarry, remain_.

#mors, mortis#, f., _death_.

#morsus, ûs# [#mordeô#, _to bite_], m., _bite_; _pain, sting, agony_.

#mortâlis, e# [#mors#], adj., _mortal, human_; as noun, _mortâlis, is_, m., _a man, mortal_.

#mortuus# [part. of #morior#], adj., _dead_.

#môs, môris#, m., _a habit, custom_; _manner, fashion_; pl., _customs, character_.

#môtus, ûs# [#moveô#], m., _movement, agitation, tumult, insurrection_.

#moveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to stir, move, remove_; _affect, arouse_.

#ab--âmoveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to take away, remove_.

#ad--admoveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to move towards_; _bring near_; _offer_.

#con--commoveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to move thoroughly_; _agitate, excite_.

#per--permoveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to move deeply, excite, influence_.

#prô--prômoveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to move forward, promote, advance_.

#sub--submoveô, êre, môvî, môtus#, _to thrust aside, remove, dislodge_.

#mox#, adv., _soon, presently_; _thereupon, next_.

#mûcrô, ônis#, m., _sword-point, sword_.

#muliebriter# [#muliebris#, _womanish_], adv., _like a woman, in womanish fashion_.

#mulier, ieris#, f., _a woman, wife_.

#muliercula, ae# [dim. of #mulier#], f., a (little, i.e.) _young woman, girl_.

#mûliô, ônis# [#mûlus#, _a mule_], m., _a mule-driver_.

#multa, ae#, f., _a fine, penalty_.

#multiplex, icis# [#multus# + #plicô#, _to fold_], adj., _manifold, many_.

#multitûdô, inis# [#multus#], f., _a multitude, throng_.

#multô# [#multus#], adv., _by far, much_.

#multô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#multa#], _to fine, punish_.

#multum# [#multus#], adv., _much_; _greatly, severely_.

#multus#, comp. #plûs#, sup. #plûrimus#, adj., _much, many a_; in pl., _many_; #plûrês#, _several_; often used as noun in all three degrees.

#munditia, ae# [#mundus#, _neat_], f., _neatness, elegance, niceness_.

#mûniô, îre, îvî (iî), îtus#, _to fortify, protect_; _open up, build_ (a road).

#con--commûniô, îre, îvî (iî), îtus#, _to fortify strongly, intrench_.

#mûnus, eris#, n., _service_; _present, gift_.

#muraena, ae#, f., _an eel_.

#mûrus, î#, m., _city wall, wall_.

#Mûsae, ârum#, pl. f., _the Muses_, the goddesses of the liberal arts, esp. music and poetry.

#Mutina, ae#, f., _Mutina_ (now Modena), a city in Cisalpine Gaul, south of the Po.

#Mutinênsis, e#, adj., _of_ or _at Mutina_.

#mûtô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to change, alter_.

#con--commûtô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to alter, change_; _exchange_.

#per--permûtô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to change throughout, exchange, interchange_.

#mûtuus# [#mûtô#], adj., _mutual_.

#N#

#nam#, conj. (1) causal, _for, because, inasmuch as_; (2) explanatory, _you know, indeed_.

#nancîscor, î, nactus sum#, _to get_ (by accident), _happen upon, find, meet with_.

#nârrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to narrate, tell_.

#nâscor, î, nâtus sum#, _to be born_; _spring from, arise_.

#Nâsîca, ae#, m., cognomen of _P. Cornêlius Scîpiô Nâsîca Serâpiô_, opponent of Tiberius Gracchus.

#nâsus, î#, m., _the nose_.

#nâtiô, ônis# [#nâscor#], f., _birth, race_; _tribe, nation, people_.

#nâtûra, ae# [#nâscor#], f., _nature, character, disposition_; personified, _Nature_.

#nâtus# [orig. part. of #nâscor#], adj., lit. _born_; with #annôs#, _old_.

(#nâtus, ûs#) [#nâscor#], m., _birth, age_ (found only in abl. sing.).

#naufragium, î# [#nâvis# + #frangô#], n., _shipwreck_.

#nâvâlis, e# [#nâvis#], adj., _naval_.

#nâvicula, ae# [dim. of #nâvis#], f., _a small vessel, boat, skiff_.

#nâvigâtiô, ônis# [#nâvigô#, _to sail_], f., _voyage_.

#nâvigium, î# [#nâvigô#, _to sail_], n., _ship, boat_.

#nâvis, is#, f., _a ship_.

#Nâvius, î#, m., see #Attus#.

#nâvô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#(g)nâvus#, _busy_], _to do with zeal_; #operam nâvâre#, _to render vigorous aid, act with vigor_.

#nê#, (1) adv., _not_; #nê . . . quidem#, _not even, not at all_; (2) conj., _in order that not, not to, for fear that, lest_.

#ne#, enclitic interrog. particle, used (1) in direct questions, and then translatable only by the inflection of the voice; (2) as conj. with indirect questions, _whether_.

#nebulô, ônis# [#nebula#, _mist_], m., _a worthless fellow, good-for-naught, scamp_.

#nec#, see #neque#.

#necessârius# [#necesse#, _necessary_], adj., _necessary, indispensable_.

#necessitâs, âtis# [#necesse#, _necessary_], f., _necessity_.

#necô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#nex#], _to kill, slay_.

#nefârius# [#nefâs#, _a crime_], adj., _wicked, impious, nefarious_.

#nefâstus# [#nefâs#, _a crime_], adj., _unhallowed_; #diês nefâstus#, a day on which no public business could be transacted.

#neglegêns, entis# [orig. part. of #neglegô#], adj., _heedless, careless_.

#neglegô, ere, lêxî, lêctus# [#nec# + #legô#], _to disregard, despise, neglect_.

#negô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to say no_; _deny, refuse_.

#dê--dênegô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to say no, deny_; _refuse, reject_.

#nêmô#, gen. #nûllîus#, dat. #nêminî#, acc. #nêminem#, abl. #nûllô#; pl. not found [#nê# + #homô#], m. and f., _no one, nobody_.

#nemus, oris#, n., _a grove_.

#nepôs, ôtis#, m., _grandson, descendant_.

#neptis, is#, f., _granddaughter_.

#neque# or #nec# [#nê# + #que#], adv. and conj., _and not, but not, nor, nor yet_; #neque# or #nec . . . neque# or #nec#, _neither . . . nor_.

#nequeô, îre, îvî, --# [#nê# + #queô#, _to be able_], _to be unable_.

#nê . . . quidem#, see #nê#.

#nesciô, îre, îvî (iî), --# [#nê# + #sciô#], _not know, to be ignorant_.

#neuter, tra, trum# [#nê# + #uter#], adj., _neither_.

#nex, necis#, f., _death_; _murder, slaughter_.

#nî#, conj., _if not, unless_.

#niger, gra, grum#, adj., _black_.

#nihil# or #nîl# [#nê# + #hîlum#, _a trifle_], n. indecl., _nothing_; acc. often as adv., _in no wise, not at all, not_.

#nihilum, î# [older form of #nihil#], n., _nothing_; abl. #nihilô#, as adv., _not at all_; #nihilô minus#, _none the less_.

#nihildum# [#nihil# + (1) #dum#], n. indecl., _nothing as yet_.

#Nîlus, î#, m., _the river Nile_.

#nîmîrum#, adv., _without doubt, surely, truly, plainly_.

#nimium# [#nimius#], adv., _excessively_.

#nimius#, adj., _beyond measure, excessive, too much, too great_.

#nisi# [#nê# + #sî#], conj., _if not, unless, except_.

#niteô, êre, uî, --#, _to shine, glitter_; _be conspicuous, flourish_.

#ex--êniteô, êre, uî, --#, _to shine forth_; _be distinguished_.

#nîtor, î, nîsus# or #nîxus sum#, _lean_ or _rest upon_; _to exert one's self, strive_.

#ex--ênîtor, î, nîsus# or #nîxus sum#, _to strive, struggle_.

#in--innîtor, î, nîsus# or #nîxus sum#, _to lean upon, support one's self by_.

#nô, nâre, nâvî, --#, _to swim_.

#trâns--trânô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to swim across_.

#nôbilis, e# [#nôscô#], adj., _known, noted, famous_; _high-born, noble_.

#nôbilitâs, âtis# [#nôbilis#], f., _fame, renown_; _high birth_; _the nobility, nobles_.

#nôbilitô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#nôbilis#], _to make known_ or _famous, glorify, dignify_.

#noceo, êre, uî, itûrus#, _to hurt, injure_.

#noctû# [abl. of #*noctus# = #nox#], adv., _by night_.

#noctua, ae# [#nox#], f., _night-owl, owl_.

#nocturnus# [#nox#], adj., _of_ or _by night, nocturnal_.

#Nôla, ae#, f., a town of Campania.

#nôlô, nôlle, nôluî, --# [#nôn# + (1) #volô#], _to be unwilling, not wish_.

#nômen, inis# [#nôscô#], n., _a name_, esp. the gentile name; #nômina dare# or #profitêrî#, _to volunteer_.

#nôminô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#nômen#], _to name, designate_.

#nôn# [#nê# + #oenum# = #ûnum#], adv., _not, not at all_.

#nônâgintâ#, indecl. num. adj., _ninety_.

#nôndum# [#nôn# + (1) #dum#], adv., _not yet_.

#nônnûllus# [#nôn# + #nûllus#], adj., _some, several_.

#nônnumquam# [#nôn# + #numquam#], adv., _sometimes, at times_.

#nôscô, ere, nôvî, nôtus#, _to come to know, become acquainted with_; in perf., plup.; and fut. perf., _to know_.

#ad--âgnôscô, ere, gnôvî, gnitus#, _to recognize_.

#con--côgnôscô, ere, cognôvî, côgnitus#, _to learn, perceive, understand_.

#in--îgnôscô, ere, îgnôvî, îgnôtus#, _to overlook, pardon, forgive_.

#nota, ae# [cf. #nôscô#], f., _a mark, sign_.

#nôtus# [orig. part. of #nôscô#], adj., _well-known, familiar_.

#novâcula, ae#, f., _a razor_.

#novem#, indecl. num. adj., _nine_.

#novus#, adj., _new, fresh, young, recent_.

#nox, noctis#, f., _night_.

#nûbês, is#, f., _a cloud_.

#nûbô, ere, nûpsî, nûptum#, _to veil one's self, be married, wed_.

#nûdô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#nûdus#], _to strip, bare_.

#nûdus#, adj., _naked, lightly clad_.

#nûllus#, gen. #nûllîus#, dat. #nûllî# [#nê# + #ûllus#], adj., _none, no_; as noun, _no one_.

#num#, interrog. particle, used (1) in direct questions expecting a negative answer, _not so . . . is it?_ (2) in indir. questions, _whether, if_.

#Numa, ae#, m., see #Pompilius#.

#numerô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#numerus#], _to count out_ (money), _pay_.

#numerus, î#, m., _number, quantity_.

#Numida, ae#, m., _a Numidian_.

#Numidia, ae#, f., a country of Northern Africa, west of Carthage; now Algiers.

#Numidicus#, adj., _Numidian_.

#Numitor, ôris#, m., king of Alba Longa, grandfather of Romulus.

#nummus, î#, m., _a piece of money, coin_, esp. the #sêstertius#. See #sêstertius#.

#numquam# [#nê# + #umquam#, _ever_], adv., _never_.

#nunc#, adv., _at the present moment, now_.

#nûntiô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#nûntius#], _to announce, inform, report_; _bid, urge, direct_.

#dê--dênûntiô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to announce, declare, proclaim_.

#prô--prônûntiô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to announce, declare_.

#re--renûntiô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to send_ or _bring back word, report, announce_; with dat., _to refuse, decline_.

#nûntius, î#, m., _a messenger_; _message tidings_.

#*nuô, nuere#, _to nod_.

#ab--abnuô, ere, î, --#, _to refuse_.

#ad--adnuô, ere, î, --#, _to nod assent to, agree to_; _agree, promise_.

#in--innuô, ere, î, --#, _to signal by a nod, hint, intimate_.

#re--renuô, ere, î, --#, _to nod refusal, refuse_.

#nûper#, adv., _lately, recently_.

#nurus, ûs#, f., _a daughter-in-law_.

#nûsquam# [#nê# + #ûsquam#], adv., _nowhere, in no place_.

#nûtô, âre, âvî, âtum# [freq. of #*nuô#], _to nod_; of an army, _to waver, be ready to give way_.

#nûtrîx, îcis# [#nûtriô#, _to nourish_], f., _a nurse_.

#O#

#ob#, prep. with acc., _to, towards_; _for, on account of, by reason of_; in composition, _towards, against, at, before_.

#obeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#obiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#obiûrgô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to berate, scold_.

#oblinô, ere, lêvî, litus# [#ob# + #linô#, _to smear_], _to daub, smear, defile_.

#oblitus#, see #oblinô#.

#oblîtus#, see #oblîvîscor#.

#oblîviô, ônis# [cf. #oblîvîscor#], f., _forgetfulness_.

#oblîvîscor, î, oblîtus sum#, _to forget_.

#obnoxius# [#ob# + #noxa#, _harm_], adj., _liable to punishment_; _liable, exposed_.

#obruô#, see #ruô#.

#obsequor#, see #sequor#.

#obses, idis#, m., _a hostage, surety_.

#obsideô#, see #sedeô#.

#obsidiô, ônis# [#obsideô#], f., _a siege_.

#obsistô#, see #sistô#.

#obstrepô, ere, uî, --# [#ob# + #strepô#, _to make a noise_], _to rail at, roar at_.

#obstupêscô, ere, stupuî, --#, _to become amazed, be struck dumb_.

#obtineô#, see #teneô#.

#obtingô#, see #tangô#.

#obtrêctâtor, ôris# [#obtrêctô#, _to under-rate_], m., _detractor, traducer_.

#obtruncô, âre, --, âtus# [#ob# + #truncô#, _to maim_; cf. #truncus#], _to lop off_; _kill, slay_.

#obveniô#, see #veniô#.

#obviam# [#ob# + #via#], adv., _across one's path, in the way, towards_; #obviam îre, prôgredî# or #venîre#, _to go to meet_; #obviam esse# or #fierî#, _to meet_.

#obvius# [#ob# + #via#], adj., _in the way, meeting_; with #esse, fierî#, or #venîre#, _to meet_.

#obvolvô, ere, î, volûtus# [#ob# + #volvô#, _to roll_], _to wrap round, envelop, cover_.

#occâsiô, ônis# [#occidô#], f., _fitting time, opportunity, chance_.

#occâsus, ûs# [#occidô#], m., _downfall_.

#occidô#, see #cadô#.

#occîdô#, see #caedô#.

#occumbô#, see #*cumbô#.

#occupô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ob# + #capiô#], _to take possession of, seize_; _attack_.

#occurrô#, see #currô#.

#Octâvia, ae#, f., _sister of Octavianus_.

#Octâviânus, î#, m., see #Augustus# and #Caesar#.

#octô#, indecl. num. adj., _eight_.

#octôgintâ#, indecl. num. adj., _eighty_.

#oculus, î#, m., _the eye_.

#odium, î#, n., _hatred, grudge, aversion_.

#odor, ôris#, m., _smell, perfume_.

#offendô#, see #*fendô#.

#offênsus# [orig. part. of #offendô#], adj., _vexed, displeased, offended_.

#offerô#, see #ferô#.

#officiôsus# [#officium#], adj., _courteous, obliging_.

#officium, î# [#opus# + #faciô#], n., _service, kindness, favor_; _duty, office_.

#ôlim# [#ole#, old form of #ille#], adv., _formerly_.

#omittô#, see #mittô#.

#omnînô# [#omnis#], adv., _in all, altogether_.

#omnis, e#, adj., _each, every, all, the whole_; #omnês ad ûnum#, _all to a man_.

#opera, ae# [#opus#], f., _work, labor, pains, aid_; #operam dare#, _to devote pains to_; #operam nâvâre#, see #nâvô#.

#opifex, ficis# [#opus# + #faciô#], m., _workman, artisan_.

#Opîmius, î#, m., _Lûcius_, consul 121 B.C., and opponent of C. Gracchus.

#opîniô, ônis# [#opînor#, _to think_], f., _opinion, fancy, belief_.

#oportet, êre, uit#, impers., _it is necessary_ or _proper, it befits_.

#oppidum, î#, n., _a walled town, city_.

#oppleô#, see #*pleô#.

#oppônô#, see #pônô#.

#opportûnus#, adj., _fit, suitable, convenient_.

#opprimô#, see #premô#.

#oppûgnâtiô, ônis# [#oppûgnô#], f., _assault, attack, siege, storming_.

#oppûgnô#, see #pûgnô#.

#(ops), opîs#, f., _aid, help_; in pl., _power, influence_; _means, wealth_.

#optimâtês, um# or #ium# [#optimus#], pl. m., _the aristocrats, the nobles_.

#optimus#, see #bonus#.

#optiô, ônis# [#optô#], f., _choice, option_.

#optô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to choose, select_; _wish_ or _pray for, desire_.

#ad--adoptô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to take to one's self by choice, adopt_.

#opulentus# [#ops#], adj., _rich, wealthy_.

#opus, eris#, n., _work, labor_; _need, necessity_; #opus est# with abl., _there is need of_; #mâgnô opere#, _greatly_; #tantô opere#, _so greatly_.

#ôrâculum, î# [#ôrô#], n., _an oracle_; _a prophecy_.

#ôrâtiô, ônis# [#ôrô#], f., _a speech, oration, discourse_.

#ôrâtor, ôris# [#ôrô#], m., _speaker, pleader, ambassador_.

#orbis, is#, m., _ring, circle, orbit_; #orbis terrârum# (or #orbis# alone), _the world_.

#orbus#, adj., _bereft_ (of parents or children), _parentless, childless_. As noun, #orbus, î#, m., _an orphan_.

#ôrdinô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ôrdô#], _to set in order, arrange, adjust, regulate_.

#ôrdior, îrî, ôrsus sum#, _to begin_.

#ôrdô, inis#, f., _row, series, arrangement, order_; _bank_ or _tier of oars_; _class, rank_.

#oriêns, entis# [part. of #orior#], m. (sc. #sôl#), _the rising sun_; _the East, Orient_.

#orior, îrî, tus sum#, _to arise, begin_; _to spring from, be descended from_.

#con--coorior, îrî, tus sum#, _to arise_.

#ex--exorior, îrî, tus sum#, _to arise, rise, begin_.

#oriundus# [#orior#], adj., _descended, sprung from_.

#ôrnâmentum, î# [#ôrnô#], n., _preparation_; _decoration, ornament, jewel_.

#ôrnâtus# [#ôrnô#], adj., _fitted out, equipped_; of men, _distinguished, illustrious_.

#ôrnâtus, ûs# [#ôrnô#], m., _dress, fine attire_; _decoration, ornament_.

#ôrnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to fit out, equip_; _adorn, decorate, beautify_.

#ad--adôrnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to equip, provide_; _adorn, beautify_.

#sub--subôrnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to incite secretly, bribe_.

#ôrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to speak, plead, treat_; _entreat, beseech, pray_.

#ad--adôrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to supplicate_; _worship, reverence_.

#per--perôrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to speak, plead_.

#ôs, ôris#, n., _mouth, face_.

#ôsculor, ârî, âtus sum# [#ôsculum#, _a kiss_], _to kiss_.

#dê--deôsculor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to kiss_.

#ostendô#, see #tendô#.

#ostentô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #ostendô#], _to show, exhibit_.

#Ôstia, ae# [#ôs#], f., _Ostia_, a town at the Tiber's mouth, the sea-port of Rome.

#ôtiôsê# [#ôtiôsus#], adv., _leisurely, idly_.

#ôtiôsus# [#ôtium#], adj., _at leisure, idle_; _in retirement_ (_i.e._, not in office).

#ôtium, î#, n., _leisure, ease, idleness_.

#ovô, âre, --, --#, _to exult, rejoice_.

#P#

#P.#, abbreviation of the name _Pûblius_.

#pâcâtus# [#pâcô#, _to subdue_], adj., _pacified, subdued, at peace_.

#pacîscor, î, pactus sum#, _to agree together, bargain, stipulate_.

#paene#, adv., _almost, nearly_.

#paenitet, êre, uit, --#, impers., _it grieves, it repents_.

#palam#, adv., _openly, publicly_.

#Palâtium, î#, n., _the Palatine Hill_. Since Augustus had his palace there, #palâtium# came to mean _palace_.

#pâlor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to roam abroad, scatter, straggle_.

#palpebrae, ârum#, pl. f., _the eyelids_.

#palûdâmentum, î#, n., _a military cloak, cloak_.

#pâlus, î#, m., _a stake, post_.

#palûs, ûdis#, f., _swamp, marsh, pool_.

#pandô, ere, î, passus#, _to spread out, unfold_.

#papâver, eris#, n., _poppy_.

#pâr, paris#, adj., _equal, like, similar_; _well-matched_. As noun, _an equal, mate_.

#parâbilis, e# [#parô#], adj., _easily obtainable, readily procured_.

#parcô, ere, pepercî#, and #parsî, --#, _to spare_.

#parcus# [#parcô#], adj., _sparing, frugal, temperate_.

#parêns, entis# [part. of #pariô#], m. and f., _a parent, a father_ or _mother_.

#pâreô, êre, uî, --#, _to appear_ (esp. in answer to a command), _obey_.

#ad--appâreô, êre, uî, --#, _to become visible, appear_; _be plain_ or _evident_.

#pariô, ere, peperî, partus#, _to give birth to, bring forth, produce_; _acquire, obtain, procure_.

#ab--aperiô, îre, uî, tus#, _to uncover, bare_; _open, disclose_.

#ad# + #op--adoperiô, îre, uî, tus#, _to cover, veil_.

#con--comperiô, îre, î, tus#, _to find out, learn_.

#re--reperiô, îre, repperî, repertus#, _to find_ (again), _meet with, discover_.

#pariter# [#pâr#], adv., _equally, alike_; _likewise_.

#parô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to make ready, prepare_; _resolve, plan_; _get, acquire_.

#con--comparô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to prepare, make ready_; _obtain, procure_.

#parricîdium, î# [#pater# + #caedô#], n., _murder of a father, parricide_.

#pars, partis#, f., _a part, portion_; _direction_; _a side, faction, political party_ (both sing. and pl.); _a character, role_ (esp. in pl.).

#Parthî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Parthians_, a people in Asia, southeast of the Caspian Sea. In the second century B.C. they overran the country to the east of the Euphrates. They were brave warriors and skillful archers, and successfully resisted the Roman power.

#partim# [#pars#], adv., _partly_.

#partior, îrî, îtus sum# [#pars#], _to distribute, divide_.

#partus, ûs# [#pariô#], m., _a bringing forth, delivery, birth_.

#parum#, adv., _too little, not enough_; comp. #minus#, _less, by no means, not_; sup. #minimê#, _least of all, by no means, not at all_. As noun, #parum#, indecl. n., _too little, not enough_.

#parvulus# [dim. of #parvus#], adj., _very small, tiny_. As noun, #parvulus, î#, m., _a small child, infant_.

#parvus#, adj., _little, small_; comp. #minor#, _smaller, less_; _younger_ (sc. #nâtû#); sup. #minimus#, _smallest, least_.

#pâscô, ere, pâvî, pâstus#, _to feed_; of animals, _to graze, browse_ (esp. in pass. and supine).

#passim# [#passus#, part. of #pandô#], adv., _in every direction, everywhere_.

#pâstor, ôris# [#pâscô#], m., _herdsman, shepherd_.

#patefaciô# [#pateô# + #faciô#], _to lay open, disclose, bring to light_.

#pateô, êre, uî, --#, _to be open_.

#pater, patris#, m., _father_; pl., #patrês# or #patrês cônscrîptî#, _the senators_. See #cônscrîptus#.

#paternus# [#pater#], adj., _of a father, fatherly, father's_.

#patiêns, entis# [#patior#], adj., _able to endure, long suffering, patient_.

#patior, î, passus sum#, _to suffer, bear, endure_; _experience_; _allow, permit_.

#patria, ae# [#pater#], f., _fatherland, native land_.

#patricius# [#pater#], adj., _of fatherly dignity, patrician, noble_. As noun, #patriciî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the nobles, patricians_, the descendants of the orig. settlers of Rome.

#patrimônium, î# [#pater#], n., _inheritance, patrimony, property_.

#patrius# [#pater#], adj., _of a father, father's_.

#patrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to carry out, perform, execute_.

#patrônus, î# [#pater#], m., _defender, patron_; _pleader, advocate, lawyer_.

#paucus#, adj., _few, little_ (chiefly in pl.).

#paulâtim# [#paulum#], adv., _little by little, by degrees, gradually_.

#paulô# and #paulum# [#paulus#, _little_], adv., _by a little, somewhat_.

#Paulus, î#, m., _L. Aemilius_, a famous general, consul in 219 and 216 B.C. In the latter year he fell at Cannae, and was hence regarded as a national hero.

#pauper, eris#, adj., _poor_; _scanty, small_.

#pauperculus# [dim. of #pauper#], adj., _quite poor_.

#pavidus# [#paveô#, _to be afraid_], adj., _trembling, fearful, frightened_.

#pavor, ôris# [#paveô#, _to be afraid_], m., _terror, fear, dread_.

#pâx, pâcis#, f., _peace_; _treaty_.

#peccâtum, î# [#peccô#], n., _an error, fault, sin_.

#peccô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to do wrong, act amiss, err, sin_.

#pectus, oris#, n., _breast, bosom, heart_.

#pecûnia, ae# [#pecus#], f., _money, property_.

#pecus, oris#, n., _cattle, flock, herd_.

#pedes, itis# [#pês#], m., _a foot-soldier_; collectively, _foot-soldiers, infantry_.

#pellô, ere, pepulî, pulsus#, _to drive out_ or _away, expel_; _defeat, rout_.

#ad--#(1) #appellô, ere, pulî, pulsus#, _to drive towards, steer for, direct_.

#ad--#(2) #appellô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call_ (by name), _address_; _appeal to, call upon_; _name, term, mention_.

#con--#(1) #compellô, ere, pulî, pulsus#, _to drive together_; _force, compel_.

#con--#(2) #compellô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to address_.

#dê--dêpellô, ere, pulî, pulsus#, _to drive out_ or _away, expel, dislodge_.

#ex--expellô, ere, pulî, pulsus#, _to drive out, expel, banish_.

#per--perpellô, ere, pulî, pulsus#, _to drive, force, induce_.

#prô--prôpellô, ere, pulî, pulsus#, _to drive forward_ or _away_; _incite_.

#re--repellô, ere, reppulî, repulsus#, _to drive back, shake off, repulse, reject_.

#pendeô, êre, pependî, --#, _to hang, be suspended_; _hang one's self_.

#pendô, ere, pependî, pênsus#, _to weigh, pay_.

#ex--expendô, ere, î, pênsus#, _to weigh_ or _pay out_.

#re--rependô, ere, î, pênsus#, _to pay for, purchase_; used esp. of buying a thing with its weight in money.

#penitus#, adv., _inwardly, within_; _deeply, completely_.

#per#, prep. with acc.; used (1) of place, _through, across, over, throughout_; (2) of time, _through, during_; (3) of means or agency, _by means of, by the agency of, through_; (4) often in adv. phrases, #per iocum#, _jokingly_, #per ôtium#, _quietly_, #per intervâlla#, _at intervals_; in composition, _thoroughly, very_.

#peragô#, see #agô#.

#peragrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#per# + #ager#], _to wander through, roam over, traverse, scour_.

#peramoenus# [#per# + #amoenus#, _lovely_], adj., _very lovely, charming_.

#percellô, ere, culî, culsus#, _to smite, strike_; _overturn, upset_; _dishearten, discourage_.

#percieô, ciêre, cîvî, citus# [#per# + #cieô#, _to stir up_], _to arouse thoroughly, excite_.

#percitus#, see #percieô#.

#percontor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to ask, question_.

#percussor, ôris# [#percutiô#], m., _murderer, assassin_.

#percutiô#, see #quatiô#.

#perdô#, see #dô#.

#perdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#peregrînus# [#per# + #ager#], adj., _from foreign parts, foreign_.

#perendiê#, adv., _on the day after tomorrow_.

#perennis, e# [#per# + #annus#], adj., _perennial_; _perpetual, never-failing_.

#pereô#, see (1) #eô#.

#perferô#, see #ferô#.

#perficiô#, see #faciô#.

#perfidia, ae# [#perfidus#], f., _treachery_.

#perfidus#, adj., _faithless, treacherous_.

#perforô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#per# + #forô#, _to bore_], _to bore through, pierce_.

#perfruor#, see #fruor#.

#perfuga, ae# [#perfugiô#], m., _a fugitive, deserter, refugee_.

#perfugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#pergô#, see #regô#.

#perîclitor, âri, âtus sum# [#perîculum#], _to try, test_; intrans., _to be in danger, incur risk_.

#perîculôsus# [#perîculum#], adj., _perilous, dangerous_.

#perîculum, î#, n., _trial_; _danger, peril_.

#perîtus#, adj., _experienced, skilled, expert_. As noun, #perîtus, î#, m., _an expert_.

#perliciô#, see #*laciô#.

#permittô#, see #mittô#.

#permoveô#, see #moveô#.

#permultus# [#per# + #multus#], adj., _very much, very many_. As noun, #permultum, î#, n., _a great deal_; #permultî, ôrum#, pl. m., _very many_ (persons).

#permûtô#, see #mûtô#.

#perniciês, êî#, f., _destruction, ruin, overthrow_.

#perniciôsus# [#perniciês#], adj., _dangerous, destructive_.

#perôrô#, see #ôrô#.

#perpellô#, see #pellô#.

#perpetuô# [abl. of #perpetuus#], adv., _continually, forever_.

#perpetuus#, adj., _continuous, uninterrupted_; #in perpetuum#, _forever_.

#perrumpô#, see #rumpô#.

#persaepe# [#per# + #saepe#], adv., _very often_.

#perscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#persequor#, see #sequor#.

#perstringô#, see #stringô#.

#persuâdeô#, see #suâdeô#.

#pertaesus# [orig. part. of #pertaedet#, _it wearies, disgusts_], adj., _disgusted with, sick of_.

#pertinâciter# [#pertinâx#, _persistent_], adv., _persistently, stubbornly_.

#pertineô#, see #teneô#.

#pertrahô#, see #trahô#.

#perturbô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#per# + #turbô#, _to disturb_], _to confuse, disturb, upset_.

#perveniô#, see #veniô#.

#pês, pedis#, m., _the foot_; _a foot_ (in measurements).

#pessimus#, see #malus#.

#pêstifer, fera, ferum# [#pêstis# + #ferô#], adj., _baneful, destructive_.

#pêstilêns, entis# [#pêstis#], adj., _baneful_.

#pêstilentia, ae# [#pêstilêns#], f., _pest, plague, disease_.

#pêstis, is#, f., _plague, pest_; _curse, bane_.

#petîtiô, ônis# [#petô#], f., _candidacy_.

#petô, ere, îvî (iî), îtus#, _to strive for, seek_; _beg, ask, request_; _assail, attack_; intrans., _to be a candidate_.

#ex--expetô, ere, îvî, îtus#, _to seek, desire, crave_.

#re--repetô, ere, îvî, îtus#, _to seek again, try to get back, demand back_.

#phalerae, ârum#, pl. f., _a metal breastplate_ (esp. for horses), _trappings_.

#Pharnacês, is#, m., _a son of Mithridates_.

#Pharsâlicus#, adj., _of_ or _at Pharsalus_.

#Pharsâlus, î#, f., a city in Thessaly, near which Caesar defeated Pompey, 48 B.C.

#Philippî, ôrum#, pl. m., a city in Macedonia, near which Brutus and Cassius were defeated by Octavianus and Antony, B.C. 42.

#philosophia, ae#, f., _philosophy_.

#philosophus, î#, m., _a philosopher_.

#Philus, î#, m., see #Fûrius#.

#pietâs, âtis# [#pius#, _dutiful_], f., _conscientiousness, dutiful conduct, devotion, piety_; _filial affection, loyalty_.

#piget, êre, uit# and #itum est#, impers., _it pains, grieves, disgusts_.

#pîgnus, oris#, n., _pledge, security_; _assurance, proof_.

#pilleus, î#, m., _a_ (close-fitting) _cap_.

#pinguis, e#, adj., _fat, sleek_.

#pîrâta, ae#, m., _a sea-robber, pirate_.

#pîrâticus# [#pîrâta#], adj., _of_ or _with_ (against) _the pirates_.

#piscîna, ae# [#piscis#], f., _a fish-pond_.

#piscis, is#, m., _a fish_.

#Pîsô, ônis#, m., a cognomen in the Calpurnian gens.

1. _Cn._ (_Calpurnius_) _Pîsô_, mentioned in XIII, 64, as a type of excessive rigor and severity.

2. _L. Calpurnius Pîsô Frûgî_, consul 133 B.C.; opponent of C. Gracchus in 121; author of a historical work called _Annâlês_.

#Placentia, ae#, f., a city in Cisalpine Gaul, on the Po.

#placeô, êre, uî, --#, _to please, be agreeable to_; _seem best to_; impers., #placet, uit# or #placitum est#, with dat., _to be resolved by_.

#dis--displiceô, êre, uî, --#, _to displease_.

#placidê# [#placidus#, _calm_], adv., _calmly, quietly_.

#plâcô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to soothe, appease_; _conciliate, reconcile_.

#plâga, ae#, f., _a stroke, blow_.

#Plancus, î#, m., _C. Plôtius Plancus_, proscribed by the Second Triumvirate.

#plaustrum, î#, n., _a wagon, cart_.

#plausus, ûs# [#plaudô#, _to clap the hands_] m., _applause, acclamations_.

#plêbêius# [#plêbs#], adj., _plebeian_. As noun, #plêbêî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the plebeians_. See #plêbs#.

#plêbs, plêbis#, f., _the common people, rabble_; _the plebeians_, or the population that grew up round the patricians (see #patricius#) from such causes as the settlement of foreigners in Rome, or the emancipation of slaves.

#plectô, ere, --, --#, _to beat, punish_ (usually in pass.).

#plênus# [cf. #*pleô#], adj., _full, full of_.

#*pleô, plêre, plêvî, plêtus#, _to fill_.

#com--compleô, êre, êvî, êtus#, _to fill_ (to the brim): _complete_.

#ex--expleô, êre, êvî, êtus#, _to fill up, fill_.

#in--impleô, êre, êvî, êtus#, _to fill up_.

#ob--oppleô, êre, êvî, êtus#, _to fill_; _cover_.

#re--repleô, êre, êvî, êtus#, _to fill again, refill, fill up_.

#plêrîque, aeque, aque#, adj., _very many, most_.

#Plînius, î#, m., _C. Plînius Secundus_, commonly known as _Pliny the Elder_, A.D. 23-79. He wrote a sort of encyclopaedia called _Historia Nâtûrâlis_.

#Plôtius, î#, m., see #Plancus#.

#plumbeus# [#plumbum#], adj., _leaden_.

#plumbum, î#, n., _lead_.

#plûrimus#, see #multus#.

#plûs, plûris#, adj., see #multus#.

#poena, ae#, f., _compensation, punishment, penalty_.

#Poenî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Phoenicians, Carthaginians_ (see #Carthâgô#).

#poêta, ae#, m., _a poet_.

#Pôlliô, ônis#, m., _Vedius Pôlliô_, punished by Augustus for cruelty to a slave.

#Pompêiânus#, adj., _Pompey's, Pompeian_.

#Pompêius, î#, m., _Cn. Pompêius_, surnamed _Mâgnus_; born B.C. 106, he was consul in 70, having fought Sertorius in Spain, 76-71; defeated the pirates in 67, Mithridates in 66, and formed the First Triumvirate with Caesar and Crassus in 60. He was defeated by Caesar in 48 at Pharsalus in Thessaly, and soon after murdered.

#Pompilius, î#, m., #Numa Pompilius#, second king of Rome.

#Pompônius, î#, m., _M. Pompônius_, tribune of the people in 362 B.C.

#Pomptînus#, adj., _Pomptine_; #palûdês Pomptînae#, _the Pomptine Marshes_ in Latium, southeast of Rome.

#pondus, eris# [#pendô#,], n., _weight_.

#pônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to put down, place, set, deposit_; _serve_ (at meals); _spend_; _set up, build_; #castra pônere#, _to pitch a camp_; #rudîmentum pônere#, _to lay aside_ (i.e. get through) _the first steps, to learn_.

#ad--appônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to set before, serve_ (at table).

#con--compônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to arrange, settle_; _conclude, finish_.

#dê--dêpônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to lay down_ or _aside, put down_; _stop_; _arrange, establish_.

#dis--dispônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to arrange, array, dispose_.

#ex--expônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to set_ or _put forth_; _land, disembark_; _expose, abandon_; _relate, explain_.

#in--impônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to place_ or _put upon_ or _in_; #lêgês impônere#, _to dictate terms_.

#ob--oppônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to put in the way, set against, oppose_.

#prae--praepônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to set over, put in charge of_.

#prô--prôpônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to put_ or _set forth_; _expose to view, submit_; _propose, offer_; _resolve, determine_.

#re--repônô, ere, posuî, positus#, _to put back, replace, restore_.

#pôns, pontis#, m., _a bridge_.

#ponticulus, î# [dim. of #pôns#], m., _a little bridge_.

#Ponticus#, adj., _pertaining to Pontus, Pontic_.

#Pontus, î#, m., _Pontus_, a country in Asia Minor, south of the Black Sea.

#populâris, is# [#populus#], m., _a fellow-countryman_.

#populor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to lay waste, ravage, plunder_.

#populus, î#, m., _a people, nation_; collectively, _the people, the citizens_.

#Porcia, ae#, f., a daughter of Cato Uticensis (see #Catô#), and wife of M. Brutus.

#porrigô#, see #regô#.

#Porsena, ae#, m., _Porsena_, a king of Clusium in Etruria.

#porta, ae#, f., _a city gate, gate_.

#portendô#, see #tendô#.

#porticus, ûs# [#porta#], f., _a colonnade, arcade, portico_.

#portô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bear, carry, bring_.

#re--reportô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bring back_; _carry off or away_.

#portôrium, î# [#portus#], n., _a tax, duty, tariff_.

#portus, ûs#, m., _a harbor, haven_.

#pôscô, ere, popôscî, --#, _to ask, demand_.

#dê--dêpôscô, ere, popôscî, --#, _to demand urgently, claim_.

#ex--expôscô, ere, popôscî, --#, _to demand, claim_.

#re--repôscô, ere, --, --#, _to demand_ (back), _claim_.

#Posîdônius, î#, m., a Stoic philosopher, contemporary with Cicero and Pompey.

#possum, posse, potuî, --# [#potis#, _able_ + #sum#], _to be able, can_; _have influence, be strong_.

#post#, (1) adv., _after, later, afterwards_; (2) prep, with acc., _after, behind_.

#posteâ# [#post# + #is#], adv., _afterwards_.

#posterus# [#post#], adj., _following, next_; comp. #posterior, us#, gen. #ôris#, _later_; sup. #postrêmus#, _last, lowest_; #in posterum#, _for the future_; #ad postrêmum#, _finally_; #postrêmô#, _at last, finally_. As noun, #posterî, ôrum#, pl. m., _descendants, posterity_.

#posthabeô#, see #habeô#.

#posthâc# [#post# + #hîc#], adv., _hereafter, thereafter, in the future_.

#postîcum, î# [#postîcus#, _in the rear_], n., _a back door_.

#postis, is#, m., _a door-post, post_.

#postquam# or #post . . . quam# [#post# + #quam#], conj., _after, when_.

#postrêmô#, see #posterus#.

#postrêmus#, see #posterus#.

#postrîdiê# [#posterus# + #diês#], adv., _on the following day, next day_.

#pôstulâtum, î# [#pôstulô#], n., _a demand, request_.

#pôstulô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to request, demand_.

#potêns, entis# [orig. part. of #possum#], adj., _able, mighty, influential_.

#potentâtus, ûs# [#potêns#], m., _power, authority, dominion_.

#potentia, ae# [#potêns#], f., _power, might_.

#potestâs, âtis# [#potis#, _able_], f., _might, power_ (esp. that of a magistrate); _dominion, rule_; _opportunity_.

#potior, îrî, îtus sum#, _to become master of, obtain, acquire, get_.

#prae#, prep, with abl., _before, in front of_; _in comparison with_; in composition, _before, very_.

#praeacûtus# [#prae# + #acûtus#, _sharp_], adj., _sharp at the end, pointed_.

#praebeô#, see #habeô#.

#praecêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#praeceptor, ôris# [#praecipiô#], m., _teacher_.

#praeceptum, î# [#praecipiô#], n., _teaching, maxim, rule_; _command, order_.

#praecîdô#, see #caedô#.

#praecinô#, see #canô#.

#praecipiô#, see #capiô#.

#praecipuê# [#praecipuus#, _special_], adv., _chiefly, principally, especially_.

#praeclârê# [#praeclârus#], adv., _gloriously, excellently_.

#praeclârus# [#prae# + #clârus#], adj., _very bright_ or _brilliant, excellent, distinguished_.

#praecô, ônis#, m., _a crier, herald_.

#praeda, ae#, f., _booty, spoil, plunder_.

#praedicâtiô, ônis# [#praedicô#], f., _a public proclamation, statement_.

#praedicô#, see #dicô#.

#praedîcô#, see #dîcô#.

#praedô, ônis# [#praeda#], m., _one that makes_ (gains) _booty, robber_.

#praefectus, î# [#praeficiô#, _to place in command_], m., _a leader, commander_.

#praeferô#, see #ferô#.

#praeferôx, ôcis# [#prae# + #ferôx#], adj., _insolent, full of confidence_.

#praefor, fârî, fâtus sum# [#prae# + #for#, _to speak_], _to say by way of preface_.

#praelûceô, êre, lûxî, --# [#prae# + #lûceô#, _to shine_], _to shine before, light the way before_.

#praemium, î# [#prae# + #emô#], n., _reward, prize_.

#praepônô#, see #pônô#.

#praeripiô#, see #rapiô#.

#praesêns, entis# [orig. part. of #praesum#], adj., _present, at hand_; _face to face_.

#praesidium, î# [#praesideô#, _to defend_], n., _help, aid, defense_; _defensive force, garrison_; _fort, post, station_.

#praestô#, see #stô#.

#praesum#, see #sum#.

#praeter#, prep, with acc., _past, beyond_; _contrary to, against_; _besides, except_; in composition, _past, beyond_.

#praetereâ# [#praeter# + #is#], adv., _in addition to this, besides, moreover_.

#praetereô#, see (1) #eô#.

#praeteritus# [orig. part. of #praetereô#], adj., _past_.

#praetextus# [orig. part. of #praetexô#, _to edge, border_], adj., _bordered, edged_. As noun, #praetexta, ae# (sc. #toga#), f., _the toga praetexta_, or white toga with purple border, worn by magistrates and by free-born children till the sixteenth or seventeenth year, when they became of age and assumed the _toga virîlis_, which was wholly white.

#praetor, ôris# [orig. #praeitor#, from #prae# + (1) #eô#], m., _a leader, commander_; among the Romans, _a praetor_ or magistrate, whose especial business was the administration of justice. After Sulla's time eight or more were elected annually. The praetors often served in command of armies, esp. in the provinces, and after acting as judges in Rome, were regularly assigned to duty in the provinces with the title of _prôpraetor_.

#praetôrius# [#praetor#], adj., _of_ or _belonging to the general, the general's_; _praetorian_. As noun, #praetôrius, î#, m., _a man of praetorian rank, an ex-praetor_.

#praeveniô#, see #veniô#.

#prandium, î#, n., _lunch_.

#prâtum, î#, n., _a field, meadow_.

#prâvus#, adj., _crooked, wrong_; _perverse, wicked_.

#precor, ârî, âtus sum# [#prex#], _to ask, beg, beseech_.

#dê--dêprecor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to plead against, plead, avert by prayer_; _decline_.

#prehendô, ere, î, prehênsus#, _to grasp, seize, catch_.

#ad--apprehendô, ere, î, hênsus#, _to lay hold of, seize, grasp_.

#con--comprehendô, ere, î, hênsus#, _to seize, catch, arrest_; _understand_.

#dê--dêprehendô, ere, î, hênsus#, _to seize, catch_; _surprise, detect, discover_.

#re--reprehendô, ere, î, hênsus#, _to hold back, check_; _blame, criticise, reprove_.

#premô, ere, pressî, pressus#, _to press_; _press hard, crush_.

#con--comprimô, ere, pressî, pressus#, _to restrain, check, crush_.

#ex--exprimô, ere, pressî, pressus#, _to press_ or _force out_; _utter, express_.

#ob--opprimô, ere, pressî, pressus#, _to crush utterly, overpower, overwhelm, master_.

#re--reprimô, ere, pressî, pressus#, _to press_ or _keep back, check, restrain_.

#pretiôsus# [#pretium#], adj., _of great value, costly, precious_.

#pretium, î#, n., _money value, price_; _money_; _recompense, reward_; #operae pretium est#, _it is worth while_.

#prex, precis#, f., _a prayer, entreaty_ (chiefly in pl.).

#prîdem#, adv., _long since, long ago_.

#prîdiê# [#pri(or)# + #diê#], adv., _the day before_.

#prîmô#, see #prior#.

#prîmôrês, um# [#prîmus#], pl. m., _first men, chiefs, nobles_.

#prîmum#, see #prior#.

#prîmus#, see #prior#.

#prînceps, ipis# [#prîmus# + #capiô#], adj., _first, foremost_. As noun, m., _leading man, chief, leader_.

#prîncipium, î# [#prînceps#], n., _beginning_.

#prior, us#, gen. #priôris#, comp. adj., _foremost, first, prior_; sup. #prîmus#, _first, foremost_; #prîmô, prîmum#, _at first, first_.

#Prîscus, î#, m., cognomen of _Tarquinius Prîscus_, the fifth king of Rome.

#prius# [neuter of #prior#], adv., _before, sooner, previously, first of all_.

#priusquam# or #prius . . . quam# [#prius# + #quam#], conj., _earlier than, before_.

#prîvâtim# [#prîvâtus#], adv., _individually_; _by one's self, privately_.

#prîvâtus# [#prîvô#], adj., _personal, private, individual_. As noun, #prîvâtus, î#, m., _a man in private life, a private citizen_.

#prîvô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to bereave, deprive, rob_.

#prô#, prep. with abl., _in front of, before_; _in behalf of, for_; _instead of_; _in comparison with, in accordance with_; in composition, _forth, for_.

#prô#, interj., _O! ah! alas! Heavens!_

#proavus, î# [#prô# + #avus#], m., _great-grandfather_.

#probô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#probus#, _good_], _to test_ (and find good), _approve, commend_; _show, prove_.

#ad--approbô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to approve fully, favor_; _show, demonstrate_.

#con--comprobô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to approve, sanction_; _confirm_.

#Proca, ae#, m., a king of Alba Longa, father of Numitor and Amulius.

#prôcêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#procella, ae#, f., _a strong wind_; _storm_.

#prôcêritâs, âtis# [#prôcêrus#, _tall_], f., _height, tallness_.

#prôclâmô#, see #clâmô#.

#prôcônsul, is# [#prô#, _in place of_ + #cônsul#], m., _a proconsul, governor of a province_. See #cônsul# (end).

#procul#, adv., _in the distance, afar_; with abl., _far from_.

#Proculus, î#, m., a Roman senator who claimed that Romulus appeared to him after his death.

#prôcumbô#, see #*cumbô#.

#prôcûrô#, see #cûrô#.

#prôdigium, î#, n., _an omen, portent_; _strange being, prodigy, monster_.

#prôditiô, ônis# [#prôdô#], f., _treason_.

#prôditor, ôris# [#prôdô#], m., _a traitor_.

#prôdô#, see #dô#.

#proelior, ârî, âtus sum# [#proelium#], _to fight, wage war_.

#proelium, î#, n., _a battle, combat_.

#profectô# [#prô# + #factum#], adv., _indeed, in truth, certainly, to be sure_.

#prôferô#, see #ferô#.

#proficîscor, î, profectus sum#, _to set out, proceed_; _depart_.

#profiteor#, see #fateor#.

#prôflîgô#, see #*flîgô#.

#profugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#profugus, î# [#profugiô#], m., _a fugitive, exile_.

#profundô#, see #fundô#.

#profûsus# [orig. part. of #profundô#], adj., _lavish, extravagant, profuse_.

#prôgredior#, see #gradior#.

#prohibeô#, see #habeô#.

#prôiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#proinde# [#prô# + #inde#], adv., _hence, therefore_.

#prôlâbor#, see #lâbor#.

#prômineô, êre, uî, --#, _to project, extend, lean out_.

#prômissus# [orig. part. of #prômittô#], adj., _hanging down, long, flowing_.

#prômissum, î# [#prômittô#], n., _a promise_.

#prômittô#, see #mittô#.

#prômoveô#, see #moveô#.

#prômptê# [#prômptus#], adv., _quickly, readily_.

#prômptus# [#prômô#, _to put forth_], adj., _visible, at hand_; _ready, alert, prompt_.

#pronepôs, ôtis# [#prô# + #nepôs#], m., _great-grandson_.

#prônûntiô#, see #nûntiô#.

#propâgô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to propagate, increase, prolong_.

#prope#, adv., _near by_; _nearly, almost_ (esp. with numbers): comp. #propius#; sup. #proximê#, _nearest, next_.

#prôpellô#, see #pellô#.

#properô, âre, âvî, âtum# [#properus#, _quick_], _to speed, hasten_.

#propinquus# [#prope#], adj., _neighboring, near_; as noun, _a relative_.

#propior# [#prope#], comp. adj., _nearer_; sup. #proximus#, _nearest, next_; _latest, last_; _next, following_; #in proximô#, _near by_. As noun, #proximî, ôrum#, pl. m., _bystanders_.

#prôpônô#, see #pônô#.

#prôpositum, î# [#prôpônô#], n., _plan, purpose_.

#propriê# [#proprius#], adv., _peculiarly, especially_.

#proprius#, adj., _own, one's own_; with gen. or dat., _peculiar to, characteristic of_.

#propter#, prep. with acc., _on account of_.

#prôripiô#, see #rapiô#.

#prôrogô#, see #rogô#.

#prôscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#prôscrîptiô, ônis# [#prôscrîbô#], f., _a notice of sale_; _proscription, confiscation_.

#prôsequor#, see #sequor#.

#prôsiliô#, see #saliô#.

#prôspectus, ûs# [#prôspiciô#, _to look forward_], m., _view, prospect_.

#prôsperê# [#prôsperus#], adv., _propitiously, successfully_.

#prôsperus# [#prô# + #spês#], adj., _according to one's hopes, favorable_.

#prôsternô#, see #sternô#.

#prôsum#, see #sum#.

#prôtendô#, see #tendô#.

#prôtinus#, adv., _right on, continuously_; _at once, immediately_.

#prôvehô#, see #vehô#.

#prôvincia, ae#, f., _a province_ (i.e. a territory outside of Italy under Roman government); _sphere of operations_.

#prôvocô#, see #vocô#.

#proximê#, see #prope#.

#proximus#, see #propior#.

#prûdêns, entis# [orig. #prôvidêns#, part. of #prôvideô#, _to see ahead_], adj., _fore-seeing, skillful, clever, prudent_.

#prûdentia, ae# [#prûdêns#], f., _foresight, practical wisdom, good sense_.

#psittacus, î#, m., _a parrot_.

#Ptolemaeus, î#, m., a name borne by the kings of Egypt after the time of Alexander the Great.

#pûblicê# [#pûblicus#], adv., _in the name of_ (by order of) _the state, publicly, officially_.

#pûblicô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#pûblicus#], _to open to the public, make public_.

#pûblicus# [orig. #populicus#: cf. #populus#], adj., _belonging to the people_ (state), _public_; _official_. As noun, #pûblicum, î#, n., _the state treasury_.

#Pûblius, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#pudor, ôris#, m., _modesty, shame, hesitancy_.

#puella, ae# [dim. of #puer#], f., _a girl_.

#puer, puerî#, m., _a child_; _boy_; _slave_.

#puerîlis, e# [#puer#], adj., _boyish, youthful_.

#pueritia, ae# [#puer#], f., _childhood_; _boyhood, youth_ (extending usually to the 17th year).

#pugiô, ônis#, m., _a dagger, dirk_.

#pûgna, ae#, f., _a combat, fight, battle_.

#pûgnâx, âcis# [#pûgna#], adj., _fond of fighting, combative_.

#pûgnô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to fight_; _oppose, resist_.

#ex--expûgnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to take by storm, capture_; _overpower, prevail upon_.

#in--impûgnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to fight against, oppose, attack_.

#ob--oppûgnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to fight against, assault, besiege_.

#re--repûgnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to fight back, oppose, resist_.

#pulcher, chra, chrum#, adj., _beautiful_; _excellent, illustrious_.

#Pulcher, chrî#, m., _P. Claudius_, a son of A. Claudius Caecus, consul 249 B.C.

#pullârius, î# [#pullus#], m., _keeper of the sacred chickens_.

#pullus, î#, m., _a young animal_; _chicken_.

#pulvis, eris#, m., _dust_.

#pungô, ere, pupugî, punctus#, _to strike, prick, puncture_; _sting, torment_.

#Pûnicus#, adj., _Phoenician, Punic_; _Carthaginian_ (see #Carthâgô#).

#pûniô, îre, îvî, îtus# [#poena#], _to punish_.

#pûrgô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#pûrus#, _clean_ + #agô#], _to make clean_; _clear away, excuse_.

#putô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to cleanse_ (vines by cutting); _consider, think, suppose_.

#am--amputô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to cut all round, cut away, lop off_.

#con--computô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to sum up, reckon, compute_.

#dis--disputô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to weigh, examine_; _discuss_; _argue_.

#re--reputô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to think over, reflect on, reflect_.

#Py:rênaeus, î# (sc. #môns#), m., _the Pyrenees_.

#Pyrrhus, î#, m., a king of Epirus, who allied himself with Tarentum, and invaded Italy, 280-275 B.C.

#Q#

#Q.#, abbreviation of the name #Quîntus#.

#quadrâgêsimus# [#quadrâgintâ#], num. adj., _fortieth_.

#quadrâgintâ#, indecl. num. adj., _forty_.

#quadrîgae, ârum#, pl. f., a _four-horse team_.

#quadringentî, ae, a# [#quattuor# + #centum#], num. adj., _four hundred_.

#quaerô, ere, quaesîvî, quaesîtus#, _to seek_; _ask_; _get, gain_.

#ad--adquîrô, ere, quîsîvî, quîsîtus#, _to acquire, get, gain_.

#con--conquîrô, ere, quîsîvî, quîsîtus#, _to seek_ or _search fo_; _hunt up_.

#re--requîrô, ere, quîsîvî (iî), quîsîtus#, _to seek_ or _search for_.

#quaesô, ere, îvî, --#, _to seek_; _beg, pray_.

#quaestor, ôris# [orig. #quaesîtor#; cf. #quaerô, quaesô#], m., _quaestor, quartermaster_, a name given to certain magistrates who had the care of public monies and military supplies, both at Rome and in the provinces.

#quaestûra, ae# [#quaestor#], f., _the quaestorship_.

#quâlis, e#, adj., (1) interrog., _of what kind? what sort of?_ (2) rel., _of such a kind, such as, as_.

#quâliscumque, quâlecumque#, adj., _of whatsoever kind, of any kind_.

#quam# [(1) #quis#], adv., _how, how much_; after a comp., _than_; with a sup., _as possible_; #quam prîmum#, _as soon as possible_; #quamdiû#, _as long as_; #tam . . . quam#, _as . . . so, not only . . . but also_.

#quamquam#, conj., _although, even if_.

#quamvîs# [#quam# + #vîs#, from #volô#], adv. and conj., _howevermuch, although_.

#quandôquidem# [#quandô#, _since_ + #quidem#], conj., _since indeed_.

#quantus# [#quam#], adj., (1) interr., _how great? how much?_ (2) rel., correl. to #tantus#, _as great as, as_.

#quantum#, adv., _how much? how far?_

#quâpropter# [(1) #quis# + #propter#], adv.; (1) interr., _why? wherefore?_ (2) rel., _for which reason, wherefore_.

#quâre# [#quâ# + #rê#], adv., (1) interr., _why?_ (2) rel., _for which reason, wherefore, therefore_.

#quârtâna, ae# [#quârtus#], f. (sc. #febris#, _fever_), a fever or ague recurring every fourth day.

#quârtus# [#quattuor#], num. adj., _fourth_.

#quasî#, adv. and conj., _as if, just as if, as though, ostensibly_; _on the ground that_.

#quater#, adv., _four times_.

#quatiô, ere, --, quassus#, _to shake, strike_.

#dê--dêcutiô, ere, cussî, cussus#, _to shake off_ or _down, strike off_.

#ex--excutiô, ere, cussî, cussus#, _to shake off, fling off_.

#per--percutiô, ere, cussî, cussus#, _to strike through, pierce_; _smite, strike_; _kill, slay_; _overwhelm, shock_.

#quattuor#, indecl. num. adj., _four_.

#que#, conj., enclitic, _and, and yet, but_.

#queror, î, questus sum#, _to complain_.

#con--conqueror, î, questus sum#, _to complain bitterly, lament, deplore_.

#questus, ûs# [#queror#], m., _complaint, lament_.

(1) #quî, quae, quod#, interr. pron., used adjectively, _which? what? what kind of?_ See (1) #quis#.

(2) #quî, quae, quod#, rel. pron., _who, which, what, that_; _whoever, whatever_.

(3) #quî, quae#, or #qua, quod#, indef. pron., used adjectively, _any, some_.

(4) #quî# [old abl. of (1) #quî#], adv., _how?_

#quia#, conj., _because, since_.

#quîcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque#, indef. rel. pron., _whoever, whichever, whatever_.

#quîdam, quaedam, quiddam#, and as adj., #quoddam#, indef. pron., _a certain one, somebody_; _a certain_.

#quidem#, adv., _indeed, in fact, to be sure_; #nê . . . quidem#, _not even, not at all_.

#quiês, êtis#, f., _rest, sleep, quiet, respite_.

#quiêtus# [orig. part, of #quiêscô#, _to be at rest_], _quiet, peaceful_.

#quîn# [(4) #quî# + #nê#], conj., _how not? why not_; _that, that not, but that_; #quîn et# or #etiam#, _nay more_.

#Quîntilius, î#, m., gentile name of _P. Quîntilius Vârus_, an officer of Augustus, who sustained a severe defeat at the hands of the Germans, B.C. 9.

#Quîntîlis, is# [#Quîntus#], m. (sc. #mênsis#), _July_, the fifth month (counting from March. See #December#).

#quîndecemvir, î# [#quîndecem#, _fifteen_ + #vir#], m., _a member of a board of fifteen men_.

#quîngentî, ae, a# [#quînque# + #centum#], num. adj., _five hundred_.

#quînquâgintâ#, indecl. num. adj., _fifty_.

#quînque#, indecl. num. adj., _five_.

#quînquennium, î# [#quînque# + #annus#], n., _a period of five years_.

#quînquiês# [#quînque#], adv., _five times_.

#quîntus# [#quînque#], num. adj., _fifth_.

#Quîntus, î#, m., a praenomen.

#quîppe#, adv., _indeed, as you see, surely_.

#Quirînâlis, is# (sc. #collis#), m., _the Quirinal_, one of the hills of Rome.

#Quirînus, î#, m., a name given to Romulus after his death and deification.

#Quirîtês, ium# [#Curês#], pl. m., orig. _the people of Cures_; later, the name used to denote the Romans in their civil capacity, hence: _citizens, Romans_. See #Rômânî#.

(1) #quis, quid#, interr. pron. used substantively, _who? which? what?_ See (1) #quî#.

(2) #quis, qua, quid#, indef. pron. used substantively, _some one, any one_; _something, anything_. See (3) #quî#.

#quisnam, quaenam, quidnam# [(1) #quis# + #nam#], interr. pron., _who_ or _what in the world? who? which? what?_

#quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiam# and #quidpiam#, indef. pron., _some, any, some one_.

#quisquam, quaequam, quicquam#, indef. pron., adj. or noun, _any one, anything, any_.

#quisque, quaeque, quidque# or #quodque#, indef. pron., noun or adj., _each, every, each one, every one_.

#quisquis, quicquid#, indef. pron., _whoever, whatever, every one who, everything which_.

#quô# [#quî#], adv. and conj. As adv., (1) interr., _whither_? (2) rel., _whither_; as conj., _in order that, that, that thereby_.

#quôcumque#, adv., _whithersoever_.

#quod#, conj., _because, that, in that_; _as to the fact that, so far as_; #quod sî#, _but if_.

#quômodo# [(1) #quî# + #modus#], adv., (1) interr., _how?_ (2) rel., _in the manner that, as_.

#quondam#, adv., _once, formerly_.

#quoniam# [#quom# (= #cum#, _since_) + #iam#], conj., _since, because, seeing that_.

#quoque#, conj., _also, too_ (placed after the word it emphasizes).

#quôrsum# or #quôrsus# [orig. #quôversus#; #quô# + #vertô#], adv., _whither?_

#quotannîs# [#quot# + #annus#], adv., _each year, yearly_.

#quoûsque# [#quô# + #ûsque#, _until_], adv., (1) interr., _until what time?_ (2) rel., _until_.

#R#

#radius, î#, m., _a staff, rod_; _beam, ray_.

#radîx, îcis#, f., _a root_; _foot, base_.

#rapîna, ae# [#rapiô#], f., _robbery, pillage_.

#rapiô, ere, rapuî, raptus#, _to seize_ and _carry off, drag off_; _plunder, destroy_; _hasten, hurry_.

#ab--abripiô, ere, uî, reptus#, _to take away forcibly, drag off_.

#ad--adripiô, ere, uî, reptus#, _to snatch quickly, seize_.

#con--corripiô, ere, uî, reptus#, _to seize, catch up_; #morbô corripî#, _to fall sick_.

#dis--dîripiô, ere, uî, reptus#, _to tear apart_; _ravage, plunder_.

#prae--praeripiô, ere, uî, reptus#, _to snatch away, carry off_ or _away_.

#prô--prôripiô, ere, uî, reptus#, _to fling forth_; with #sê#, _rush_.

#rârô# [#rârus#], adv., _seldom, rarely_.

#rârus#, adj., _thin_; _scattered, rare_.

#ratiô, ônis# [#reor#], f., _reckoning, calculation, account_; _method, plan_.

#ratis, is#, f., _a raft, boat, vessel_.

#re# or #red#, insep. prefix, _again, back_.

#rebellô#, see #bellô#.

#recêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#receptus, ûs# [#recipiô#], m., _a retreat_.

#recessus, ûs# [#recêdô#], m., _nook, corner_.

#recidô#, see #cadô#.

#reciperô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to regain, recover_.

#recipiô#, see #capiô#.

#reconciliô#, see #conciliô#.

#recreô#, see #creô#.

#rêctê# [#rêctus# (part. of #regô#), _straight, right_], adv., _rightly, duly, well_.

#recubô#, see #cubô#.

#recûsô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#re# + #causa#], _to decline, refuse_.

#reddô#, see #dô#.

#redeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#redigô#, see #agô#.

#redimô#, see #emô#.

#redintegrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#red# + #integer#], _to make whole again, renew_.

#reditus, ûs# [#redeô#], m., _a going_ (or coming) _back, return_.

#redûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#refellô, ere, î, --# [#re# + #fallô#, _to deceive_], _to prove false, refute, disprove_.

#referô#, see #ferô#.

#refoveô#, see #foveô#.

#refringô#, see #frangô#.

#refugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#rêgâlis, e# [#rêx#], adj., _kinglike, royal_.

#rêgia, ae# [#rêgius#], f. (sc. #domus#), _a palace_.

#rêgîna, ae# [#rêx#], f., _a queen_.

#regiô, ônis# [#regô#], f., _district, region_.

#rêgius# [#rêx#], adj., _kingly, royal, king's_.

#rêgnô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#rêgnum#], _to be king_; _rule, govern_.

#rêgnum, î# [#rêx#], n., _kingly government, sovereignty, sway_; _a kingdom_.

#regô, ere, rêxî, rêctus#, _to keep straight, guide, conduct, rule_.

#con--corrigô, ere, rêxî, rêctus#, _to straighten, correct, improve_.

#dis--dîrigô, ere, rêxî, rêctus#, _to guide, steer, direct_.

#ex--êrigô, ere, rêxî, rêctus#, _to raise_ or _lift up_; _stir up, arouse_.

#per--pergô, ere, perrêxî, perrêctus#, _to go straight on, proceed, hasten_; with acc., _pursue with vigor, perform_; #partês pergere#, _to play the rôle_.

#por# (= #prô#)#--porrigô, ere, porrêxî, porrêctus#, _to spread_ or _stretch out_; _hold forth, offer, present_.

#regredior#, see #gradior#.

#Rêgulus, î#, m., _M. Atîlius_, consul in 256 B.C.; defeated in Africa and taken prisoner by the Carthaginians, 255.

#rêiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#relâbor#, see #lâbor#.

#relêgô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#re# + #lêgô#, _to send_], _to send out of the way, remove_.

#religiô, ônis#, f., _sense of duty_; _religion, devotion to the gods_; _scruple_.

#religiôsus# [#religiô#], adj., _careful, scrupulous_; _sacred, holy_.

#religô#, see #ligô#.

#relinquô, ere, lîquî, lîctus# [#re# + #linquô#, _to leave_], _to leave behind, leave_; _bequeath_; _appoint by will_.

#reliquiae, ârum# [#relinquô#], pl. f., _remainder, remnant, residue_.

#reliquus# [cf. #relinquô#], adj., _remaining, rest_.

#remaneô#, see #maneô#.

#remedium, î# [#re# + #medeor#, _to cure_], n., _a cure, remedy_.

#remigrô#, see #migrô#.

#remittô#, see #mittô#.

#remûneror, ârî, âtus sum# [#re# + #mûnerô#, _to reward_], _to reward, repay_.

#Remus, î#, m., the brother of Romulus.

#renovô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#re# + #novus#], _to renew, restore, revive_.

#renûntiô#, see #nûntiô#.

#renuô#, see #*nuô#.

#reor, rêrî, ratus sum#, _to reckon_; _think, suppose_; #ratus#, _thinking_.

#repellô#, see #pellô#.

#rependô#, see #pendô#.

#repente# [#repêns#, _sudden_], adv., _suddenly, unexpectedly_.

#repentînus# [#repêns#, _sudden_], adj., _sudden, unexpected_.

#reperiô#, see #pariô#.

#repetô#, see #petô#.

#repleô#, see #*pleô#.

#repônô#, see #pônô#.

#reportô#, see #portô#.

#repôscô#, see #pôscô#.

#reprehendô#, see #prehendô#.

#reprimô#, see #premô#.

#reprômittô#, see #mittô#.

#repudiô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to cast off, divorce_; _reject, scorn_.

#repûgnô#, see #pûgnô#.

#repulsa, ae# [#repellô#], f., _rejection, repulse_; _a defeat at the polls_.

#reputô#, see #putô#.

#requîrô#, see #quaerô#.

#rês, reî#, f., _thing, matter_; _affair, deed, exploit, event_; _circumstance_; _a story_; _property, fortune_; _trouble_; #rês familiâris#, _private property_; #rês pûblica#, _the commonwealth, state_; #rês gestae#, _exploits_; #rês repetundae#, _extortion_; #rê vêrâ#, _in reality, in truth_.

#resecô#, see #secô#.

#reserô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#re# + #sêrô#, _to bolt_], _to unlock, open_.

#resîdô#, see #sîdô#.

#resistô#, see #sistô#.

#resolvô#, see #solvô#.

#respergô, ere, spersî, spersus# [#re# + #spargô#, _to strew, sprinkle_], _to besprinkle, bespatter_.

#respiciô#, see #*speciô#.

#respîrô#, see #spîrô#.

#respondeô#, see #spondeô#.

#respônsum, î# [#respondeô#], n., _answer, reply_, esp. of an oracle; _warning_.

#rês pûblica#, see #rês#.

#restinguô#, see #stinguô#.

#restituô#, see #statuô#.

#retineô#, see #teneô#.

#retrahô#, see #trahô#.

#reus, î#, m., _defendant, accused person, prisoner_.

#revertor#, see #vertô#.

#revîvîscô, ere, --, --# [#re# + #vîvêscô#, inceptive of #vîvô#], _to come to life again_.

#revocô#, see #vocô#,

#rêx, rêgis# [cf. #regô#], m., _king, monarch_.

#Rhêa, ae#, f., _Rhêa_, also called _Rhêa Silvia_, mother of Romulus and Remus.

#Rhênus, î#, m., the river Rhine.

#rhêtor, oris#, m., _a teacher of oratory, rhetorician_; _orator_.

#Rhodus, î#, f., _Rhodes_, a large island off the coast of Asia Minor, famous for its schools of rhetoric (see #Apollônius#), its colossal statue of Apollo, and for the skill of its people in navigation.

#rîdeô, êre, rîsî, rîsus#, _to smile, laugh_; _laugh at, mock_.

#dê--dêrîdeô, êre, rîsî, rîsus#, _to laugh at, mock, deride_.

#in--inrîdeô, êre, rîsî, rîsus#, _to jeer at, mock, ridicule_.

#rigô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to wet, moisten_.

#rigor, ôris#, m., _severity, rigor_.

#rîpa, ae#, f., _a bank_ (of a river).

#rîsus, ûs# [#rîdeô#], m., _laughter_.

#rîtê# [cf. #rîtus#], adv., _with due ceremonies, duly, fitly, properly_.

#rîtus, ûs#, m., _religious ceremony, rite_.

#rixa, ae#, f., _a quarrel_ (of blows), _brawl_.

#rôbur, oris#, n., _hard wood, oak_; _strength, vigor, power_.

#rogô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to ask, inquire_; _request, implore_.

#ab--abrogô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to repeal, annul_.

#inter--interrogô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to ask, question_.

#prô--prôrogô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to prolong, extend_.

#Rôma, ae#, f., _Rome_.

#Rômânus#, adj., _Roman_; as noun, #Rômânus, î#, m., _a Roman_; #Rômânî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Romans_, the name given to the Romans in their military capacity.

#Rômulus, î#, m., _Romulus_, founder and first king of Rome, son of Rhea and Mars.

#Rôscius, î#, m., _Sextus Rôscius_, defended by Cicero on a capital charge.

#rôstrum, î# [#rôdô#, _to gnaw_], n., _the beak_ or _ram of a ship_; pl., _the Rostra_, or speaker's platform in the Forum (adorned with beaks of captured ships).

#Rubicô, ônis#, m., _the Rubicon_, a river in the northeastern part of Italy.

#rudîmentum, î# [#rudis#], n., _first attempt, beginning_. See #pônô#.

#rudis, e#, adj., _uncouth, unpolished_; _ignorant, rude_.

#ruîna, ae# [#ruô#], f., _downfall, ruin, destruction_; pl., _a fallen building, ruins_.

#rûmor, ôris#, m., _a story, report, rumor_.

#rumpô, ere, rûpî, ruptus#, _to break, destroy_.

#con--corrumpô, ere, rûpî, ruptus#, _to destroy_; _seduce, bribe, corrupt_.

#ex--êrumpô, ere, rûpî, ruptum#, _to break forth_ or _out, burst forth_.

#per--perrumpô, ere, rûpî, ruptus#, _to break through, force a way through, get across_.

#ruô, ere, î, tus#, _to fall_; _rush, hasten_; with acc., _to cause to fall, overthrow_.

#con--corruô, ere, î, --#, _to fall_ (in battle).

#dis--dîruô, ere, î, tus#, _to tear apart, overthrow, destroy_.

#ex--êruô, ere, î, tus#, _to cast out_; _dig up, destroy utterly_.

#in--inruô, êre, î, --#, _to rush in, make an attack_.

#ob--obruô, ere, î, tus#, _to overwhelm, hide, bury_.

#rûpês, is# [#rumpô#], f., _a rock, cliff_.

#rûrsus# or #rûrsum# [orig. #revorsus#; cf. #revertô#], adv., _back_; _again_.

#rûs, rûris#, n., _the country_; pl., _the fields_; #rûrî#, _in the country_.

#rûsticor, âri, âtus sum# [#rûs#], _to live in the country_; _take a vacation_.

#rûsticus# [#rûs#], adj., _rural, rustic_.

#S#

#Sabînî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Sabines_, a race in central Italy, adjoining Latium on the north.

#sacer, cra, crum#, adj., _holy, sacred_; as noun, #sacrum, î#, n., _a holy thing, sacred vessel_; pl., _religious rites, sacrifices_.

#sacerdôs, ôtis# [#sacer#], m. and f., _priest, priestess_.

#sacrârium, î# [#sacer#], n., _sanctuary, shrine_.

#sacrificium, î# [#sacer# + #faciô#], n., _a sacrifice_.

#sacrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to set apart_; _bless_; _curse_.

#con--cônsecrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to dedicate, consecrate, devote_.

#ex--exsecror, ârî, âtus sum#, _to curse, abhor_.

#saeculum, î#, n., _a race_; _generation, age, time_.

#saepe#, adv., _frequently, often_.

#saeviô, îre, îvî (iî), îtum# [#saevus#], _to be fierce_ or _cruel, rage_; #saevîre in aliquem#, _to treat any one cruelly_.

#saevitia, ae# [#saevus#], f., _fury, cruelty_.

#saevus#, adj., _raging, fierce, cruel_.

#sagînô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#sagîna#, _stuffing_], _to fatten_.

#sagulum, î#, n., _a short military cloak_.

#Saguntus, î#, f., and #Saguntum, î#, n., _Saguntum_, a town on the east coast of Spain.

#Salernitânus#, adj., _of_ or _near Salernum_ (modern Salerno), a town in Campania.

#Saliî, ôrum# [#saliô#], pl. m., _the Salii_ or _Leapers_, the dancing priests of Mars.

#Salînâtor, ôris#, m., see #Lîvius#.

#saliô, îre, uî, tus#, _to leap_.

#dê--dêsiliô, îre, uî, sultum#, _to leap down_.

#in--însiliô, îre, uî, --#, _to leap up_ or _on, mount_.

#prô--prôsiliô, îre, uî, --#, _to leap_ or _spring forward_.

#trâns--trânsiliô, îre, uî, --#, _to leap across, jump over_.

#saltem#, adv., _at least, at all events_.

#saltô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #saliô#], _to dance, leap_.

#ex--exsultô, âre, âvî, --#, _to leap, dance_ (esp. with joy), _exult, rejoice_.

#saltus, ûs# [#saliô#], m., _a leap, bound_; _leaping, jumping_.

#saltus, ûs#, m., _a forest pasture, mountain glen, ravine, pass_.

#salûbris, e# [#salûs#], adj., _health-giving, wholesome, healthy_; _beneficial_.

#salûs, ûtis#, f., _health, vigor_; _safety_.

#salûtâtiô, ônis# [#salûtô#], f., _greeting, salutation_.

#salûtâtor, ôris# [#salûtô#], m., _saluter, visitor_.

#salûtô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#salûs#], _to wish one health, greet, salute, visit_.

#con--cônsalûtô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to greet_ or _salute warmly_.

#salveô, êre, --, --# [#salvus#], _to be well_; imperative, #salvê, salvête#, _hail! greetings!_

#salvus#, adj., _well, sound, safe_.

#sambûceus# [#sambûcus#, _an elder-tree_], adj., _of elder, elder_.

#Samnîtês, ium#, pl. m., _the Samnites_, a branch of the Sabine race inhabiting the mountains southeast of Latium.

#sânê# [#sânus#, _sound_], adv., _indeed, truly, by all means_; _certainly_.

#sanguinolentus# [#sanguis#], adj., _bloody_.

#sanguis, inis#, m., _blood_.

#sapiô, ere, îvî, --#, _to taste_; _to have taste_ or _understanding_; _be wise_.

#dê--dêsipiô, ere, --, --#, _to be foolish_ or _crazy_.

#sapiêns, entis# [orig. part. of #sapiô#], adj., _wise, sensible, discreet_.

#sapientia, ae# [#sapiêns#], f., _wisdom_.

#Sardinia, ae#, f., an island between Italy and Spain.

#sarmentum, î# [#sarpô#, _to prune_], n., _a twig_; pl., _brushwood, fagots_.

#satis#, adv., _enough_; _tolerably, quite_; as noun, n., _enough, sufficiency_.

#satisfaciô, ere, fêcî, factum# [#satis# + #faciô#], _to satisfy, make reparation_.

#saucius#, adj., _wounded, hurt_.

#saxum, î#, n., _a stone, rock, boulder_.

#scamnum, î#, n., _a bench, stool_.

#scandô, ere, --, --#, _to climb, mount_.

#ad--âscendô, ere, î, scênsus#, _to climb up, mount, ascend_.

#con--cônscendô, ere, î, scênsus#, _to mount, ascend_; _go on board_.

#dê--dêscendô, ere, î, scênsum#, _to climb_ or _come down, descend_; _dismount_.

#ex--êscendô, ere, î, scênsus#, _to mount, ascend_.

#trâns--trânscendô, ere, î, scênsus#, _to climb_ or _pass over, cross_.

#scapha, ae#, f., _a light boat, skiff_.

#scelerâtus# [#scelus#], adj., _wicked, impious, accursed_.

#scelestê# [#scelestus#, _impious_], adv., _wickedly, impiously_.

#scelus, eris#, n., _wicked deed, sin, crime_.

#schola, ae#, f., _leisure, leisure for learning_; _place of learning, school_.

#scîlicet# [#scîre# + #licet#], adv., _plainly, of course, doubtless_.

#scindô, ere, scidî, scissus#, _to cut, tear, rend, split_.

#ab--abscindô, ere, scidî, scissus#, _to cut_ or _tear off, hew off_.

#sciô, îre, scîvî, scîtus#, _to know, understand_; with infin., _to know how_.

#Scîpiô, ônis#, m., the name of one of the most illustrious families of Rome, belonging to the Cornelian gens.

1. _P. Cornêlius Scîpiô_, consul 218 B.C.; defeated by Hannibal at the Ticinus and the Trebia; killed, with his brother Cn., in Spain, in 212.

2. _P. Cornêlius Scîpiô Âfricânus Mâior_, son of (1), born B.C. 237; commanded in Spain 210-206; consul in 205; defeated Hannibal at Zama in 202. He died about 183 B.C.

3. _L. Cornêlius Scîpiô_, brother of (2), consul in B.C. 190. After defeating Antiochus at Magnesia, he received the cognomen _Asiâticus_.

4. _P. Cornêlius Scîpiô Âfricânus Minor_, captured Carthage, B.C. 146; took Numantia, in Spain, 133; died in 129.

5. _P. Cornêlius Scîpiô Nâsîca Serâpiô_, see #Nâsîca#.

6. _Q. Metellus Pius Scîpiô_, father-in-law of Pompey.

#scîscitor, ârî, âtus sum# [#scîscô#], _to ask, inquire_.

#scîscô, ere, scîvî, scîtus# [#sciô#], _to seek to know_; _approve, enact, decree_.

#con--cônscîscô, ere, scîvî, scîtus#, _to approve of, decree_; #mortem sibi cônscîscere#, _to commit suicide_.

#dê--dêscîscô, ere, scîvî, scîtum#, _to withdraw, desert, revolt_.

#scrîba, ae# [#scrîbô#], m., _a clerk, secretary_.

#scrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to write_.

#ad--adscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to add, include, enroll_.

#con--cônscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to enroll, enlist_.

#dê--dêscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to copy off, sketch, describe_.

#dis--dîscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to mark off, divide_.

#în--înscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to write on, inscribe on_.

#per--perscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to write out_ (in full).

#prô--prôscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to offer for sale_; _proscribe, outlaw_.

#sub--subscrîbô, ere, scrîpsî, scrîptus#, _to write beneath_.

#scrînium, î#, n., _a case, box_ (esp. for books or papers).

#scrîptor, ôris# [#scrîbô#], m., _a writer, author_; _narrator_.

#Scultenna, ae#, f., a river in Cisalpine Gaul, near Mutina.

#scûtum, î#, n., _a shield_.

(1) #sê#, see #suî#.

(2) #sê# or #sêd#, insep. prefix, _apart, away from_.

#sêcêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#sêcernô#, see #cernô#.

#secô, âre, uî, tus#, _to cut_.

#re--resecô, âre, uî, tus#, _to cut loose_ or _off_.

#sêcrêtus# [part. of #sêcernô#], adj., _separate_; _hidden, concealed_; _secret_; abl. #sêcrêtô# as adv., _secretly_.

#sector, ârî, âtus sum# [freq. of #sequor#], _to follow eagerly, pursue, seek the society of_.

#secundus# [#sequor#], adj., _following, second_; _favorable, fortunate_.

#secûris, is# [#secô#], f., _an axe, hatchet_.

#secus#, comp. #sêtius#, adv., _otherwise, differently_.

#sed#, conj., _but, on the contrary_.

#sêdecim# [#sex# + #decem#], indecl. num. adj., _sixteen_.

#sedeô, êre, sêdî, sessum#, _to sit_.

#ad--adsideô, êre, sêdî, sessus#, _to sit at_ or _beside, besiege_.

#in--însideô, êre, sêdî, sessus#, with dat., _to sit in, on_, or _upon_; with acc., _to settle on, occupy_.

#ob--obsideô, êre, sêdî, sessus#, _block, besiege, beset_.

#sêdês, is# [cf. #sedeô#], f., _seat, chair_; _residence, abode_.

#sêditiô, ônis# [#sêd# + #itiô#, from #eô, îre#], f., _dissension, rebellion, revolt_.

#sêdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#sêdulitâs, âtis# [#sêdulus#, _earnest_], f., _earnestness, persistency_.

#sêdulô# [abl. of #sêdulus#, _earnest_], adv., _earnestly, busily_; _purposely, deliberately_.

#sêgnis, ê#, adj., _slow, tardy, sluggish_.

#sêgniter# [#sêgnis#], adv., _without spirit_ or _vigor, lazily_.

#sella, ae# [#sedeô#], f., _a seat, chair_; #sella curûlis#, a portable stool, with bent legs, made to open and shut like a camp-stool. Such chairs were often of bronze, or of wood finely carved, and inlaid with ivory, or even adorned with ornaments of gold. The right to use this chair belonged at first only to the king, but later to curule aediles, praetors, consuls, dictators, and the Flamines.

#semel#, adv., _once, once for all_.

#sêmet#, see #suî#.

#semper#, adv., _always, continually_.

#sempiternus# [#semper#], adj., _eternal_.

#Semprônius, î#, m., _Ti. Semprônius Longus_, defeated by Hannibal at the Trebia B.C. 218.

#senâtor, ôris# [#senâtus#], m., _a senator_.

#senâtôrius# [#senâtor#], adj., _senatorial_.

#senâtus, ûs# [cf. #senex#], m., _council of elders, senate_, in the time of the kings a mere advisory body, called together by the king when he desired advice, but later the chief power in the Roman state.

#Seneca, ae#, m., _L. Annaeus Seneca_, the Stoic philosopher, tutor of the Emperor Nero.

#senecta, ae# [#senex#], f., _old age_.

#senectûs, ûtis# [#senex#], f., _old age_.

#senex#, gen. #senis#, adj., _old_; comp. #senior#, _elder_; sup. #mâximus# (#nâtû#), _eldest_. As noun, #senex, senis#, m., _an old man_; #seniôrês, um#, pl. m., _the elders_ (men over 45).

#senior#, see #senex#.

#senium, î# [#senex#], n., _old age, decay_.

#sententia, ae# [#sentiô#], f., _opinion, thought_; _wish, inclination_.

#sentiô, îre, sênsî, sênsus#, _to discern by sense, feel_; _see, perceive_; #bene sentîre dê#, _to think well of_.

#con--cônsentiô, îre, sênsî, sênsum#, _to agree_; _conspire, plot_.

#sêparâtim# [(2) #sê# + #parô#], adv., _separately, apart_.

#sepeliô, îre, îvî (iî), sepultus#, _to bury, inter_.

#septem#, indecl. num. adj., _seven_.

#septênî, ae, a# [#septem#], num. adj., _seven each, seven apiece_.

#Septimulêius, î#, m., _L. Septimulêius_ of Anagnia in Latium, a friend of Ti. Gracchus, who afterwards sold his head for gold.

#septimus# [#septem#], num. adj., _seventh_.

#septirêmis, e# [#septem# + #rêmus#, _oar_], f. (sc. #nâvis#), _a ship with seven banks_ or _tiers of oars_.

#septuâgêsimus# [#septuâgintâ#, _seventy_], num. adj., _seventieth_.

#sepultûra, ae# [#sepeliô#], f., _burial, funeral_.

#sequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to follow_; _favor_.

#ad--adsequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to follow up, overtake_; _gain, attain_.

#con--cônsequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to follow, overtake_; _attain, acquire_.

#in--însequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to pursue, overtake_.

#ob--obsequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to comply with, yield to, submit to_.

#per--persequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to follow persistently, pursue, hound_.

#prô--prôsequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to follow, accompany, escort_.

#sub--subsequor, î, secûtus sum#, _to follow after, follow_.

#Sergius, î#, m., a Roman gentile name.

1. _L. Sergius Catilîna_, see #Catilîna#.

2. _M. Sergius Catilîna_, grandfather of (1).

#sêriô# [abl. of #sêrius#], adv., _in earnest, seriously, in good faith_.

#sêrius#, adj., _grave, serious, earnest_.

#sermô, ônis# [#serô#], m., _talk, conversation_; _speech_.

#serô, ere, --, tus#, _to bind together_.

#con--cônserô, ere, uî, tus#, _to join_; #manûs# or #pûgnam cônserere#, _to join battle, fight_.

#dê--dêserô, ere, uî, tus#, _to leave, abandon_; _forsake, neglect_.

#dis--disserô, ere, uî, tus#, _to speak, discourse, harangue_.

#ex--exserô, ere, uî, tus#, _to thrust out_.

#sêrô# [abl. of #sêrus#, _late_], adv., _late, too late_.

#Sertôrius, î#, m., _Quîntus_, an officer in the army of Marius. He went to Spain as propraetor in B.C. 82, and maintained himself at the head of an independent force till his death in 72.

#serva, ae# [#servus#], f., _a slave woman_.

#servîlis, e# [#servus#], adj., _of a slave_; _slavish, servile_.

#servitûs, ûtis# [#servus#], f., _slavery_.

#Servius, î#, m., see #Tullius#.

#servô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to save, preserve, watch_.

#con--cônservô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to keep safe, preserve_.

#servus, î#, m., _a slave_.

#sêse#, see #suî#.

#sêstertius, î# [#sêmis#, _half_ + #tertius#], m. (sc. #nummus#), _a sesterce_, a small silver coin equivalent orig. to two and one-half asses, but later worth about four cents. See #âs#. In naming large sums of money the Romans speak of 'so many times a hundred thousand _sêstertiî_' (_centêna mîlia sêstertium_).

#sêtius#, see #secus#.

#seu#, see #sîve#.

#sevêrê# [#sevêrus#], adv., _gravely, severely, sternly, strictly_.

#sevêritâs, âtis# [#sevêrus#], f., _sternness, strictness_.

#sevêrus#, adj., _stern, strict, severe_.

#sex#, indecl. num. adj., _six_.

#sexâgintâ#, num. adj., _sixty_.

#Sextîlis, e#, adj., _of the sixth month_. As noun, #Sextîlis, is#, m. (sc. #mênsis#), _August_. See #December#.

#Sextîlius, î#, m., praetor in Africa in B.C. 88.

#sextus# [#sex#], num. adj., _sixth_.

#Sextus, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#sî#, conj., _if, whether_; #quod sî#, _but if_.

#sibi#, see #suî#.

#sîbilus, î#, m., _a hissing, whistling_.

#Sibyllînus# [#Sibylla#, _a Sibyl, prophetess_], adj., _pertaining to the Sibyls, Sibylline_.

#sîc#, adv., _in this way, thus, so_.

#siccô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#siccus#], _to drain_.

#siccus#, adj., _dry_. As noun, #siccum, î#, n., _the dry ground_.

#Sicilia, ae#, f., _Sicily_.

#Siculus#, adj., _Sicilian_.

#sîdô, sîdere, --, --#, _to seat one's self, sit down_.

#ad--adsîdô, ere, sêdî, --#, _to seat one's self, sit down_.

#con--cônsîdô, ere, sêdî, sessum#, _to sit down_; _settle, encamp_; _take a position_.

#re--resîdô, ere, sêdî, --#, _to settle down, sink, subside_; _abate, grow calm_.

#sîgnificô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#sîgnum# + #faciô#], _to make signs, show_; _point out, indicate_.

#sîgnô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#sîgnum#], _to set a mark on_; _sign, seal_ (a document).

#ad--adsîgnô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to allot, award, assign_.

#sîgnum, î#, n., _sign, signal_; _military standard, ensign_; _statue, image_; #sîgna înferre alicuî#, _to advance against_ or _attack any one_.

#Sîlânus, î#, m., _D. Iûnius Sîlânus Mânliânus_, praetor in Macedonia B.C. 142.

#silêns, entis# [orig. part. of #sileô#, _to be still_], adj., _still, quiet, silent_.

#silentium, î# [#silêns#], n., _stillness, quiet, silence_.

#silva, ae#, f., _a wood, forest_.

#Silvia, ae#, f., see #Rhêa#.

#similis, e#, adj., _like, similar_.

#similiter# [#similis#], adv., _in like manner, similarly_.

#similitûdô, inis# [#similis#], f., _likeness, resemblance, similarity_.

#simul#, adv., _at the same time_; #simul atque# or #âc#, _as soon as_.

#simulô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#similis#], _to make like, copy_; _feign, pretend_.

#dis--dissimulô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to disguise, conceal, dissemble_.

#simultâs, âtis# [#simul#], f., _enmity, hatred_; #simultâtês gerere#, _to carry on a feud_.

#sine#, prep, with abl., _without_.

#singulâris, e# [#singulî#], adj., _one by one, single, individual_; _remarkable, singular, unparalleled_.

#singulî, ae, a#, adj., _one at a time, one apiece, single_.

#sinister, tra, trum#, adj., _left_.

#sinô, ere, sîvî, situs#, _to put, place_; _permit, let_.

#sinus, ûs#, m., _a curve, hollow, fold_; _fold of the toga_ (as it crosses the breast), _pocket_; _bosom_.

#sistô, ere, stitî, status#, trans., _to cause to stand, place, set_; intrans., _stand_.

#ab--absistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to withdraw, cease, desist_.

#con--cônsistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to stand, take position_ (of an army); _stop, halt_; _be firm, endure, continue_.

#dê--dêsistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to stand off from, cease, desist_.

#ex--exsistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to step forth_; _come to be, become, arise_.

#ob--obsistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to stand in the way of, resist, oppose_.

#re--resistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to oppose, withstand, resist_.

#sub--subsistô, ere, stitî, --#, _to take a stand, remain, tarry_.

#situs# [orig. part. of #sinô#], adj., _placed, situate, lying_.

#situs, ûs# [#sinô#], m., _location, site_.

#sîve# or #seu#, conj., _or, or if, whether_; #sîve . . . sîve# or #seu . . . seu#, _whether . . . or, if . . . or if_.

#sôbrius#, adj., _sober, temperate_.

#socer, socerî#, m., _a father-in-law_.

#societâs, âtis# [#socius#], f., _fellowship, association_; _alliance_.

#sociô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#socius#], _to join, unite_; _hold in common, share, divide_.

#socius, î#, m., _fellow, comrade, ally_.

#sodâlis, is#, m., _companion, associate_.

#sôl, sôlis#, m., _the sun_.

#soleô, êre, itus sum#, _to be wont, be accustomed, use_.

#sôlitârius# [#sôlus#], adj., _lonely, isolated_.

#sôlitûdô, inis# [#solus#], f., _loneliness_; _lonely place, wilderness_.

#solitus# [#soleô#], adj., _wonted, usual, accustomed_; as noun, #solitum, î#, n., _the customary, the usual_.

#solium, î#, n., _chair of state, throne_.

#sollemnis, e#, adj., _religiously fixed, holy, sacred_.

#sollicitô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#sollicitus#, _troubled_], _to stir up, arouse, excite_.

#sôlum# [#sôlus#], adv., _only_; #nôn . . . sôlum . . . sed . . . etiam#, _not only . . . but also_.

#sôlus#, adj., _alone, single-handed, single, only_; _lonely, solitary_.

#solvô, ere, î, solûtus#, _to loosen, unbind_; _let down_; _impair, destroy_.

#ab--absolvô, ere, î, solûtus#, _to set free, release_; _acquit_.

#re--resolvô, ere, î, solûtus#, _to loosen_; _dissolve, melt_.

#somnium, î# [#somnus#], n., _a dream, vision_.

#somnus, î#, m., _sleep_.

#sonitus, ûs# [#sonô#, _to resound_], m., _sound, crash, noise_.

#sôpiô, îre, îvî (iî), îtus# [cf. #sopor#, _a deep sleep_], _to put to sleep_; pass., _to sleep_; #sôpîtî#, _buried in slumber_.

#soror, ôris#, f., _a sister_.

#sorôrius# [#soror#], adj., _of a sister, sister's_.

#sors, sortis#, f., _lot, fate, destiny_; _decision by lot_.

#sortior, îrî, îtus sum# [#sors#], _to cast lots_; _obtain by lot_.

#spatium, î#, n., _space, room_; _distance_; _period of time_.

#speciês, --#, acc. em, abl. #ê# [#*speciô#], f., _sight, appearance_; _semblance, pretense_.

#*speciô, ere, spexî, --#, _to look_.

#ad--adspiciô, ere, spexî, spectus#, _to look at, examine, inspect_.

#con--cônspiciô, ere, spexî, spectus#, _to catch sight of, spy_; _see_.

#dê--dêspiciô, ere, spexî, spectus#, _to look down upon, despise_.

#dîs--dîspiciô, ere, spexî, spectus#, _to descry, perceive_.

#in--înspiciô, ere, spexî, spectus#, _to look into, examine, consider_.

#re--respiciô, ere, spexî, spectus#, _to look back_ (_at_), _gaze at, consider_; _regard, respect_.

#spectâculum, î# [#spectô#], n., _show, sight, spectacle_.

#spectâtor, ôris# [#spectô#], m., _spectator_.

#spectô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #*speciô#], _to look at, watch, behold_.

#ex--exspectô, âre, âvî, âtus#, trans., _to look out for, await, expect_; intrans., _wait, wait to see_.

#speculâtor, ôris# [#speculor#], m., _a lookout, spy, scout_.

#speculor, ârî, âtus sum# [#specula#, _a watch-tower_], _to spy out, examine_.

#speculum, î# [#*speciô#], n., _a looking-glass, mirror_ (usually of metal).

#spernô, ere, sprêvî, sprêtus#, _to set aside, despise, scorn_.

#ab--âspernor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to disdain, despise, scorn_.

#spêrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#spês#], _to hope_ (for), _look for, expect_.

#dê--dêspêrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to lose hope, despair, despair of_.

#spês, speî#, f., _hope, expectation_; _promise_.

#spîritus, ûs# [#spîrô#], m., _breath_; _disposition, lofty spirit, ambition, pride_.

#spîrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to breathe_.

#ex--exspîrô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to breathe out_; _die, expire_ (sc. #animam#).

#re--respîrô, âre, âvî, âtum#, _to breathe back_ or _out, breathe_ (again); intrans., _to recover breath, revive_.

#splendor, ôris# [#splendeô#, _to shine_], m., _brightness, splendor, magnificence_.

#spoliô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#spolium#], _to strip, rob, plunder_.

#spolium, î#, n., _booty, spoil_.

#spondeô, êre, spopondî, spônsus#, _to promise_ (sacredly), _agree_.

#dê--dêspondeô, êre, î, spônsus#, _to promise in marriage, betroth_.

#re--respondeô, êre, î, spônsus#, _to answer, reply_; _correspond to, agree with_.

#spônsus, î# [#spondeô#], m., _a lover, betrothed man_.

#sponte# [abl. of #*spôns#, _free will_], f., _voluntarily_; with #meâ, tuâ#, or #suâ#, _of my, your_, or _his own free will_.

#Spûrinna, ae#, m., _Vestritius Spûrinna_, an augur of the time of Julius Caesar.

#squâma, ae#, f., _scale_ (of fish or snake).

#statim# [cf. #stô#], adv., _instantly, at once_.

#statiô, ônis# [#stô#], f., _station, post_; _picket line, guard_.

#statua, ae# [#statuô#], f., _a statue, image_.

#statuô, ere, î, ûtus# [#stô#], _to cause to stand, set up, place_; _determine_; _determine on, appoint, arrange_.

#con--cônstituô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to set up, erect_; _set in order, organize_; _arrange, appoint_; _resolve_.

#in--înstituô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to set in place, arrange_; _found, establish_; _determine, undertake, begin_; _train, teach_.

#re--restituô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to set up again, replace, restore, reinstate_; _repair, remedy, save_.

#sub--substituô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to put in place of, substitute_; _put_.

#statûra, ae# [#stô#], f., _size, height, stature_.

#status, ûs# [#stô#], m., _state, condition, rank_.

#stercus, oris#, n., _dung, manure_.

#Sthenius, î#, m., _a Sicilian chief_.

#sternô, ere, strâvî, strâtus#, _to spread out, scatter_; _lay low_.

#con--cônsternô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to terrify, frighten, confound_; _move deeply, affect powerfully_.

#prô--prôsternô, ere, strâvî, strâtus#, _to overthrow, destroy_.

#stimulus, î#, m., _goad_; _sharp point, prick_.

#stinguô, ere, --, --#, _to quench_.

#ex--exstinguô, ere, stînxî, stînctus#, _to extinguish_; _destroy, kill_.

#re--restinguô, ere, stînxî, stînctus#, _to quench, extinguish, destroy_.

#stîpendium, î# [#stips#, _gift_ + #pendô#], n., _a payment_; _salary, pay_; _campaign_; #stîpendia facere# or #merêre#, _to serve a campaign_.

#stirps, stirpis#, f., _stock, race_; _offspring, progeny_.

#stô, stâre, stetî, statum#, _to stand_; _stand firm, abide_; #stâre prômissô#, _to stand by_ (lit., _on_) _one's promise_.

#circum--circumstô, âre, stitî, --#, _to stand about, surround_.

#con--cônstô, âre, stitî, --#, _to agree_; _stand firm, be fixed_; _consist of_; #cônstat#, _it is agreed, it is well known, it is certain_; #sibi cônstâre#, _to be consistent_.

#ex--exstô, âre, stitî, --#, _to be extant, remain, exist_.

#prae--praestô, âre, stitî, stitus#, intrans., _to stand before, surpass, excel_; trans., _to show, make, render_.

#stolidê# [#stolidus#, _stupid_], adv., _stupidly_.

#strâgês, is# [#sternô#], f., _overthrow, ruin, defeat_; _massacre_.

#strâgulum, î# [#sternô#], n., _coverlet, bedspread_.

#strênuus#, adj., _brisk, active, vigorous_.

#strepitus, ûs# [#strepô#, _to make a noise_], m., _noise, din, crash_; _applause_.

#stringô, ere, strinxî, strictus#, _to draw_ or _bind tight_, _press together, graze_; _draw, unsheathe_ (a sword or dagger).

#dê--dêstringô, ere, strinxî, strictus#, _to draw, unsheathe_.

#per--perstringô, ere, strinxî, strictus#, _to touch, graze_; _thrill, run through_.

#struô, ere, strûxî, strûctus#, _to pile up, arrange_; _build, erect_.

#ex--exstruô, ere, strûxî, strûctus#, _to pile_ or _heap up, build_.

#in--înstruô, ere, strûxî, strûctus#, _to build_; _arrange, draw up_ or _array_ (troops); _make ready, equip, fit out_.

#studiôsê# [#studiôsus#, _eager_], adv., _eagerly, zealously_.

#studium, î# [#studeô#, _to be eager_], n., _zeal, enthusiasm_; _desire, pursuit, study_; _good-will, affection_.

#stultitia, ae# [#stultus#], f., _folly_.

#stultus#, adj., _foolish, silly_.

#stupêns, entis# [orig. part. of #stupeô#], adj., _dazed, confused, dumbfounded_.

#stupeô, êre, uî, --#, _to be struck senseless, be amazed_ or _astounded_.

#suâdeô, êre, suâsî, suâsûrus#, _to advise, urge, exhort_.

#dis--dissuâdeô, êre, suâsî, suâsus#, _to advise against, oppose_ (by argument).

#per--persuâdeô, êre, suâsî, suâsûrus#, _to persuade, induce_; _convince_.

#sub#, prep. with (1) acc., _under, towards, until, after_; (2) with abl., _under, beneath, at the foot of, close to_; _in the reign of_; in composition, _under, somewhat_; _in place of_; _underhandedly_.

#subdô#, see #dô#.

#subdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#subeô#, see (1) #eô#.

#subiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#subigô#, see #agô#.

#subitus# [#subeô#], adj., _sudden, unexpected_; abl. #subitô# as adv., _on short notice, suddenly_.

#sublâtus#, see #tollô#.

#sublicius# [#sublica#, _a pile_], adj., _consisting of_ or _resting on piles_.

#sublîmis, e#, adj., _uplifted, lofty_; _on high, through the sky_.

#submittô#, see #mittô#.

#submoveô#, see #moveô#.

#subolês, is#, f., _a sprout, shoot_; _offspring, issue_; _race_.

#subôrnô#, see #ôrnô#.

#subscrîbô#, see #scrîbô#.

#subsellium, î# [#sub# + #sella#], n., _a low bench, seat_.

#subsequor#, see #sequor#.

#subsidium, î# [cf. #subsîdô#, _to lie in wait_], n., _reserve troops_; _aid, help_.

#subsistô#, see #sistô#.

#substituô#, see #statuô#.

#subtexô, ere, uî, tus# [#sub# + #texô#, _to weave_], _to weave under, join_; _subjoin, add_ (in speech).

#succêdô#, see #cêdô#.

#succêssor, ôris# [#succêdô#], m., _follower, successor_.

#succêssus, ûs# [#succêdô#], m., _favorable outcome, success_.

#succingô#, see #cingô#.

#succlâmô#, see #clâmô#.

#succurrô#, see #currô#.

#suêscô, ere, suêvî, suêtus#, _to become accustomed to_.

#ad--adsuêscô, ere, suêvî, suêtus#, _to accustom one's self to, be wont_.

#con--cônsuêscô, ere, suêvî, suêtus#, _to become accustomed_.

#sufficiô#, see #faciô#.

#suffîgô#, see #fîgô#.

#suffôcô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#sub# + #fauces#, _the throat_], _to choke, strangle_.

#suffodiô#, see #fodiô#.

#suffrâgâtor, ôris# [#suffrâgor#, _to vote for_], m., _supporter,

## partisan, follower_.

#suffrâgium, î#, n., _a voting tablet, vote, ballot_.

#suî# gen., #sibi# dat., #sê# acc. and abl. of the reflexive pron., sing. and pl., _himself, herself, itself, themselves_; #sêse, sêmet#, strengthened forms of #sê#.

#Sulla, ae#, m., a cognomen in the Cornelian gens.

1. _L. Cornêlius Sulla_, surnamed Fêlîx, born B.C. 138; consul in 88; commanded against Mithridates 88-84; fought Marius in 88, and again in 83, 82, becoming master of Italy. He was then chosen perpetual dictator, and made many changes in the constitution. He resigned the dictatorship in 79, and died next year.

2. _P. Cornêlius Sulla_, nephew of (1), defended in 62 B.C. by Cicero from a charge of complicity in Catiline's conspiracy.

#Sullânus#, adj., _of_ or _by Sulla, Sullan_; as noun, #Sullânî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the followers of Sulla_.

#Sulpicius, î#, m., _Ser. Sulpicius Rûfus_, tribune of the people in 88 B.C., and a supporter of Marius.

#sum, esse, fuî, futûrus#, _to be, exist, live_; with gen., _belong to, be the part of_; _be true, be so_; _happen, take place_; with dat., _have, possess_.

#ab--absum, esse, âfuî#, _to be away_ or _absent, be far from_; #prope abesse#, _to be at no great distance, be near_.

#ad--adsum, esse, adfuî#, _to be present_ or _near_; _to aid_ (esp. in court).

#dê--dêsum, deesse, dêfuî#, _to be away_ or _absent_; _be wanting_; _fail_; _to miss, let slip_.

#in--însum, inesse, înfuî#, _to be in_ or _on_; _belong to_.

#inter--intersum, esse, fuî#, _to be present at, take part in_.

#prae--praesum, praeesse, fuî#, _to be over_ or _before_; _rule, govern, be in command of_.

#prô--prôsum, prôdesse, prôfuî#, _to benefit, profit, aid_.

#super--supersum, esse, fuî#, _to be over_ and _above, remain_; _survive, outlive_.

#summa, ae# [#summus#], f., _top, summit_; _chief point_ or _place, supremacy_; _total, amount, sum_.

#summus#, see #superus#.

#sûmô, ere, sûmpsî, sûmptus# [#sub# + #emô#], _to take up, take, choose_; _enter upon, begin_; _spend_.

#ab--absûmô, ere, sûmpsî, sûmptus#, _to use up, consume_; _spend_.

#ad--adsûmô, ere, sûmpsî, sûmptus#, _to take to one's self, receive_.

#con--cônsûmô, ere, sûmpsî, sûmptus#, _to use up, spend_.

#sûmptuârius# [#sûmptus#], adj., _relating to expense, sumptuary_.

#sûmptus, ûs# [#sûmô#], m., _outlay, expense_.

#supellex, supellectilis#, f., _household stuff, furniture_.

#super#, prep. (1) with acc., _over, above, upon, in addition to_; _during_; (2) with abl., _over, upon, beyond, in addition to_.

#superbê# [#superbus#], adv., _haughtily, proudly, arrogantly_.

#superbia, ae# [#superbus#], f., _pride, arrogance_.

#superbus# [#super#], adj., _haughty, proud, arrogant, insolent_.

#Superbus, î#, m., see #Tarquinius#.

#superiaciô#, see #iaciô#.

#superior#, see #superus#.

#superô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#superus#], _to pass over, cross_; _overcome, subdue, conquer_; _excel, surpass_.

#supersum#, see #sum#.

#superus# [#super#], adj., _above, upper, higher_; comp. #superior#, _higher, superior, earlier_; as noun, _a superior_; sup. #suprêmus#, _highest, topmost, last_, or #summus#, _highest, greatest, extreme, most distinguished_; _often the highest part of, top of_; #Mare Superum#, _the Upper_ or _Adriatic Sea_.

#superveniô#, see #veniô#.

#supervîvô#, see #vîvô#.

#supplex, icis# [#sub# + #plicô#, _to fold, bend_], adj., bending the knees in entreaty, _begging, suppliant_; as noun, _a suppliant_.

#suppliciter# [#supplex#], adv., _suppliantly, humbly_.

#supplicium, î# [#supplex#], n., _a kneeling down_ (as suppliant, or to receive punishment); _punishment, execution_.

#supplicô, âre, âvî, âtum# [#supplex#], _to kneel down_; _entreat, beseech_; _pray, worship_; _thank_.

#suprâ# [#super#], adv., _above_.

#surgô, ere, surrêxî, surrêctum# [#sub# + #regô#], _to stand up, rise, arise_.

#ad--adsurgô, ere, surrêxî, --#, _to rise up, arise_.

#suscipiô#, see #capiô#.

#sûspectus# [orig. part. of #sûspiciô#, _to suspect_], adj., _mistrusted, suspected_.

#suspendium, î#, n., _hanging_.

#sustineô#, see #teneô#.

#sûtor, ôris# [#suô#, _to sew, stitch_], m., _a shoemaker, cobbler_.

#suus# [#suî#], adj., _his own, her own, its own, their own_; _his, her, its, their_; as noun, #suî, ôrum#, pl. m., _his_ (their) _friends, followers, soldiers_ or _fellow-citizens_.

#Syphâx, âcis#, m., a prince of Numidia.

#Syria, ae#, f., _Syria_, a country on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean.

#T#

#T.#, abbreviation of the name #Titus#.

#tabella, ae# [dim. of #tabula#], f., _a small board, writing tablet_.

#taberna, ae#, f., _stall, shop_ (of boards); _hut, tent_.

#tabernâculum, î# [#taberna#], n., _a tent_.

#tabula, ae#, f., _a board, plank_; _picture_ (sc. #picta#, _painted_); _writing tablet_; _record, list_.

#taceô, êre, uî, --#, _to be silent, say nothing_.

#tacitus# [#taceô#], adj., _silent, secret_.

#taedium, î# [#taedet#, _it wearies_], n., _weariness, disgust, loathing_.

#talentum, î#, n., _a talent_, a Greek money measure, worth about $1100.

#tâlis, e#, adj., such, _of such a kind_; #tâlis . . . quâlis#, _such . . . as_.

#tam#, adv., _to such a degree, so much, as much, so_; #tam . . . quam#, _as . . . so, not only . . . but also_.

#tamdiû#, adv., _so long_.

#tamen#, adv., _yet, still, for all that, all the same, however, nevertheless_.

#tamquam#, conj., _as if_.

#Tanaquil, îlis#, f., the wife of Tarquinius Priscus.

#tandem#, adv., _at length, at last, finally_.

#tangô, ere, tetigî tâctus#, _to touch_.

#con--contingô, ere, tigî, tâctus#, with acc., _to touch_; with dat., _to occur to, fall to lot of, befall_; _happen_.

#ob--obtingô, ere, tigî, --#, _to fall to the lot of, befall_; _occur_.

#tantum# [#tantus#], adv., _so much_ (and no more), _only, merely_.

#tantummodô# [#tantum# + #modô#], adv., _only, merely_.

#tantus#, adj., _so great, such_; as noun, #tantum, î#, n., _so much_.

#tardê# [#tardus#, _slow_], adv., _slowly_.

#tarditâs, âtis# [#tardus#, _slow_], f., _slowness, sluggishness_.

#tardô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#tardus#, _slow_], _to delay, hinder, impede_.

#Tarentînus#, adj., of _Tarentum, Tarentine_; as noun, #Tarentînî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the people of Tarentum_.

#Tarentum, î#, n., a flourishing Greek city on the southern coast of Italy; modern _Taranto_.

#Tarpêia, ae#, f., a Roman maiden of the time of Romulus.

#Tarpêius#, adj., _of Tarpeia, Tarpeian_; #rûpês Tarpêia#, _the Tarpeian_ rock, a part of the Capitoline Hill, on the side toward the Forum.

(1) #Tarquiniî, ôrum#, pl. m., a city in Etruria.

(2) #Tarquiniî, ôrum#, pl. m., _the Tarquin family, the Tarquins_.

#Tarquinius, î#, m., the name of a gens in early Rome, said to have come from Etruria.

1. _Tarquinius Prîscus_, the fifth king of Rome.

2. _Tarquinius Superbus_, the last king of Rome, expelled B.C. 509.

3. _Sextus Tarquinius_, son of (2).

4. _L. Tarquinius Collâtinus_, cousin of (3), and husband of Lucretia.

#Tatius, î#, m., #Titus Tatius#, a Sabine king, and joint ruler with Romulus.

#têctum, î# [#tegô#], n., _a covering, roof_; _covered structure, house_.

#tegô, ere, têxî, têctus#, _to cover_; _hide, conceal_; _defend, guard_.

#dê--dêtegô, ere, têxî, têctus#, _to uncover, expose_; _betray_.

#têgula, ae# [#tego#], f., _roof tile, tile_.

#têlum, î#, n., _missile_; _spear, javelin_.

#temerârius# [#temerê#], adj., _heedless, rash, reckless_.

#temerê#, adv., _blindly, rashly, heedlessly_.

#temeritâs, âtis# [#temerê#], f., _rashness, heedlessness, temerity_.

#temperâns, antis# [orig. part. of #temperô#], adj., _moderate, temperate, sober_.

#temperô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#tempus#], _to set bounds to, restrain_.

#tempestâs, âtis# [#tempus#], f., _point_ or _period of time; storm, tempest_.

#templum, î#, n., _a sacred spot_; _temple_.

#tempus, oris#, n., _time, period, season_; _opportunity, occasion_.

#tendô, ere, tetendî, tentus# and #tênsus#, _to spread out, stretch_; #însidiâs tendere#, _to lay a trap for, plot against_.

#con--contendô, ere, î, tentus#, _to stretch_; _exert one's self, strive, insist_; _hasten, march quickly_.

#in--intendô, ere, î, tentus#, _to stretch, stretch, towards_; _aim, direct_.

#ob(s)--ostendô, ere, î, tentus#, _to stretch out, show_; _produce, furnish_; _disclose, make known_.

#por (= prô)--portendô, ere, î, tentus#, _to point out, indicate_; _foreshadow, portend_.

#prô--prôtendô, ere, î, tentus#, _to stretch out, extend_.

#tenebrae, ârum#, pl. f., _darkness, gloom_; _a hiding place_.

#tenebricôsus# [#tenebrae#], adj., _dark, gloomy_.

#teneô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to hold, keep_; _possess_; _maintain, guard, defend_; _seize_.

#ab--abstineô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to hold back_ or _from_; _keep aloof from_; _refrain from, abstain_.

#con--contineô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to keep, hold, contain_; _restrain, rule, curb_.

#dê--dêtineô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to hold back_ or _off_; _detain, hinder_.

#ob--obtineô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to hold, possess_; _rule, govern_.

#per--pertineô, êre, uî, --#, _to stretch out, extend_; _reach_.

#re--retineô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to keep_ or _hold_ (back), _retain, detain_.

#sub(s)--sustineô, êre, uî, tentus#, _to hold up, support, sustain_; _bear, endure_; _hold in check, restrain_.

#tentô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #tendô#], _to touch, handle_; _try, attempt_; _sound, try to win over_.

#tentôrium, î# [#tendô#], n., _a tent_.

#ter#, num. adv., _thrice, three times_.

#Terentius, î#, m., a Roman gentile name. See #Varrô#.

#Terentius, î#, m., a comrade of Pompey the Great.

#tergiversor, ârî, --# [#tergum# + #vertô#], _to twist and turn, shuffle, evade_.

#tergum, î#, n., _back, rear_.

#ternî, ae, a# [cf. #três#], num. adj., _three on each side, by threes, three_.

#terô, ere, trîvî, trîtus#, _to rub, wear away_; _waste, kill_.

#terra, ae#, f., _the earth, ground_; _land_.

#terreô, êre, uî, itus#, _to frighten, alarm, terrify_; _deter_.

#dê--dêterreô, êre, uî, itus#, _to frighten off, deter, keep from_.

#terribilis, e# [#terreô#], adj., _frightful, dreadful_.

#terror, ôris# [#terreô#], m., _fear, panic_.

#tertius# [cf. #três#], adj., _third_; abl. n. #tertiô# as adv., _the third time_.

#têstimônium, î# [#têstis#, _a witness_], n., _evidence, testimony, proof_.

#têstor, ârî, âtus sum# [#têstis#, _a witness_], _to bear witness, be a witness_.

#Teutobochus, î#, m., a chief of the Teutones.

#Teutonês, um#, pl. m., _the Teutones_, a Germanic people which invaded Italy, but was defeated by Marius.

#thêsaurus, î#, m., _a treasure, hoard_.

#Thessalia, ae#, f., _Thessaly_, a large district in the northeastern part of Greece.

#Ti.#, abbreviation of the name #Tiberius#.

#Tiberis, is#, m., _the river Tiber_.

#Tiberius, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#Tîcinus, î#, m., _the Ticinus_, a river in Cisalpine Gaul, tributary to the Po.

#tigillum, î# [dim. of #tîgnum#, _beam_], n., _a little beam_.

#Tigrânês, is#, m., a king of Armenia, son-in-law of Mithridates.

#timeô, êre, uî, --#, _to be afraid, fear_.

#timidus# [#timeô#], adj., _fearful, timid_.

#tîrôcinium, î# [#tîrô#, _a raw recruit_], n., _a soldier's first campaign_; _military inexperience_.

#titulus, î#, m., _inscription, placard, notice_.

#Titus, î#, m., a Roman praenomen.

#toga, ae#, f., _the toga_, the characteristic outer robe of the Romans. See also #praetextus#.

#togâtus# [#toga#], adj., _clad in the toga_; _in peaceful garb, unarmed_.

#tollô, ere, sustulî, sublâtus#, _to lift, raise, take up_; _remove, abolish_.

#tonitrus, ûs# [#tonô#, _to thunder_], m., _thunder, peal of thunder_.

#tônsor, ôris# [#tondeô#, _to shear_], m., _a barber_.

#tônsôrius# [#tônsor#], adj., _of a barber, barber's_.

#Tôranius, î#, m., _Titus_, who betrayed his father to the second triumvirate.

#Torquâtus, î# [#torquis#], m., a cognomen common in the Manlian gens.

1. _T. Mânlius Torquâtus_, dictator in 353 and 349 B.C., consul 347, 344, and 340.

2. _T. Mânlius Torquâtus_, son of (1), put to death by his father for disobedience of orders.

#torqueô, êre, torsî, tortus#, _to turn, twist_; _torture, torment_.

#torquis, is# [#torqueô#], m., _a twisted collar, necklace_.

#torvê# [#torvus#, _grim_], adv., _sternly, grimly_.

#tot#, indecl. adj., _so many_.

#totidem# [#tot#], indecl. adj., _just as many, the same number of_.

#totiêns# [#tot#], adv., _so many times, so often_.

#tôtus#, gen. #tôtîus#, dat. #tôtî#, adj., _all, all the, the whole, entire_.

#trâdô#, see #dô#.

#trâdûcô#, see #dûcô#.

#trahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to draw, drag_; _detain_.

#ab--abstrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to drag off_ or _away_; _carry off_.

#con--contrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to draw together, collect, assemble_.

#dê--dêtrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to draw_ or _strip off, remove_; _drag_.

#dis--distrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to pull asunder, part, separate_.

#ex--extrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to draw_ or _pull out_; _prolong, waste_.

#per--pertrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to draw along, drag_; _lead_.

#re--retrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, _to draw_ or _drag back_.

#trâiciô#, see #iaciô#.

#trânô#, see #nô#.

#trâns#, prep. with acc., _across, beyond, over_.

#trânscendô#, see #scandô#.

#trânseô#, see (1) #eô#.

#transferô#, see #ferô#.

#trânsfîgô#, see #fîgô#.

#trânsfodiô#, see #fodiô#.

#trânsfugiô#, see #fugiô#.

#trânsgredior#, see #gradior#.

#trânsigô#, see #agô#.

#trânsiliô#, see #saliô#.

#trânsmittô#, see #mittô#.

#trânsversus# [#trâns# + #vertô#], adj., _turned across, crosswise_; _out of the way_.

#Trasumênus, î#, m., a lake in Etruria, famous as the scene of Hannibal's victory over the Romans in B.C. 217.

#Trebia, ae#, f., _the Trebia_, a small tributary of the Po, near Placentia.

#trecentêsimus# [#trecentî#], num. adj., _three hundredth_.

#trecentî, ae, a# [#três# + #centum#], num. adj., _three hundred_.

#tredecim# [#três# + #decem#], indecl. num. adj., _thirteen_.

#tremô, ere, uî, --#, _to quake, tremble_.

#trepidâtiô, ônis# [#trepidô#], f., _alarm, confusion_.

#trepidô, âre, âvî, --#, _to be in alarm_ or _confusion_; _tremble, waver_.

#três, tria#, num. adj., _three_.

#tribûnal, âlis# [#tribûnus#], n., _a judgment seat, tribunal_.

#tribûnâtus, ûs# [#tribûnus#], m., _the tribuneship, office of tribune_.

#tribûnîcius# [#tribûnus#], adj., _of a tribune, tribunitial_.

#tribûnus, î# [#tribus#], m., _chief of a tribe, tribune_; #tribûnus mîlitum# or #mîlitâris#, _military tribune, captain_, one of the minor officers of a legion, six in number; #tribûnus plêbis#, _tribune of the people_, elected from the plebeians. The office was created in 494 B.C. to protect the plebeians against the patricians. Ten _tribûnî plêbis_ were elected annually. Their persons were sacred.

#tribuô, ere, î, ûtus# [#tribus#], _to assign, grant, give_.

#dis--distribuô, ere, î, ûtus#, _to divide, distribute, apportion_.

#tribus, ûs# [cf. #três#], f., _a tribe_ (orig. a third part of the people).

#tribûtum, î# [#tribuô#], n., _tax, tribute_.

#triennium, î# [#três# + #annus#], n., _the space of three years, three years_.

#trigeminî, ae, a# [#três# + #geminus#], adj., _born three at a birth_; as noun, pl. m., _triplets_.

#trîgintâ#, indecl. num. adj., _thirty_.

#trîstis, e#, adj., _sad, sorrowful_; _stern, severe_.

#triumphâlis, e# [#triumphus#], adj., _pertaining to a triumph, triumphal_.

#triumphô, âre, âvî, âtum# [#triumphus#], _to celebrate a triumph, triumph_.

#triumphus, î#, m., _a triumph_, the splendid procession in which the victorious general entered the city, accompanied by his soldiers and the spoil and captives he had taken. The procession passed round the Capitoline Hill into the Via Sacra, then into the Forum, and on up to the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus.

#triumvir, virî# [#três# + #vir#], m., _a triumvir_, one of a board of three commissioners.

#tropaeum, î#, n., _a trophy, sign of victory_, made usually by fastening captured arms to the trunk of a tree.

#trucîdô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to cut to pieces, slaughter, butcher_.

#truncus, î#, m., _stem, trunk_ (of a tree); _trunk, body_.

#tû, tuî#, pl. #vôs, vestrum# or #vestrî#, pers. pron., _thou, you_.

#tueor, êrî, itus sum#, _to look at, watch_; _defend, protect_.

#in--intueor, êrî, itus sum#, _to look closely at or upon, gaze at_.

#Tullius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens.

1. _Servius Tullius_, sixth king of Rome.

2. _M. Tullius Cicerô_, the orator. See #Cicerô#.

#Tullus, î#, m., praenomen of _Tullus Hostîlius_, third king of Rome.

#tum#, adv., _then, at that time_; _thereupon_.

#tumultuor, ârî, âtus sum# [#tumultus#], _to make a disturbance, riot_.

#tumultus, ûs#, m., _a disturbance, uproar_; _rebellion, riot_.

#tumulus, î# [#tumeô#, _to swell_], m., _a hillock, mound, hill_.

#tunc#, adv., _then, at that time_; _accordingly, thereupon_.

#turba, ae#, f., _a hubbub, crowd, throng_.

#turbulentus# [#turba#], adj., _stormy, confused, troubled_.

#turdus, î#, m., _a thrush, fieldfare_.

#turma, ae#, f., _a troop_ or _squadron_ (of cavalry).

#turpis, e#, adj., _ugly_; _base, dishonorable_.

#turris, is#, m., _tower, castle_; _howdah_.

#tûs, tûris#, n., _incense_.

#tûtêla, ae# [#tueor#], f., _protection, guardianship_.

(1) #tûtor, ôris# [#tueor#], m., _protector, guardian_.

(2) #tûtor, ârî, âtus sum# [freq. of #tueor#], _to guard, protect_.

#tûtus# [orig. part. of #tueor#], adj., _safe_; #tûtô#, abl. as adv., _safely_.

#U#

#ûber, eris#, n., _teat, dug, udder_.

#ubi#, interr. adv., _where? when?_ As conj. interr. and rel., _where, when_.

#ulcîscor, î, ultus sum#, _to punish, avenge_.

#ûllus#, gen. #ûllîus#, adj., _any, any one_.

#ulterior, ius#, gen. #ôrîs# [#ultrâ#], adj., _farther, remoter_; sup. #ultimus#, _farthest, last, utmost, greatest_; #ultima manus#, _finishing touches_; #ulterius#, adv., _beyond, farther, more, longer_; #ultimum#, adv., _for the last time_.

#ultimum, ultimus#, see #ulterior#.

#ultiô, ônis# [#ulcîscor#], f., _revenge_.

#ultrâ#, adv., and prep. with acc., _on the other side, beyond_; #ultrâ fidem#, _incredibly_.

#ultrô#, adv., _of one's own accord, voluntarily_.

#umbra, ae#, f., _shadow, shade_.

#umerus, î#, m., _the shoulder_.

#umquam#, adv., _at any time, ever_.

#unde#, adv. (1) interr., _whence? from whom, from which?_ (2) rel., _whence, from whom, from which_; _wherefore_.

#ûndecim# [#ûnus# + #decem#], indecl. num. adj., _eleven_.

#undique#, adv., _from all sides_; _on all sides, everywhere_.

#unguis, is#, m., _a_ (finger) _nail_.

#ûniversus# [#ûnus# + #vertô#], adj., _all in one, whole, entire_.

#ûnus#, gen. #unîus#, adj., _one, only, sole, alone_; #ûnus quisque#, _each one_.

#urbânus# [#urbs#], adj., _of_ or _in the city_, esp. _in Rome_; _refined, witty_; as noun, #urbânî, ôrum#, pl. m., _city people_; _town wits_.

#urbs, urbis#, f., _a city_; The City (Rome).

#ûrînâtor, ôris#, m., _a diver_.

#ûrna, ae# [#ûrô#], f., _a vessel, urn_ (of baked clay).

#ûrô, ere, ûssî, ûstus#, _to burn_.

#co# + #amb(i)--combûrô, ere, ûssî, ûstus#, _to burn up, consume_.

#dê--deûrô, ere, ûssî, ûstus#, _to burn up, consume_.

#ex--exûrô, ere, ûssî, ûstus#, _to burn up, consume_.

#ûsquam#, adv., _anywhere_.

#ûsque#, adv., _all the way, right on, continuously, even_.

#ûsûrpô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#ûsus# + #rapiô#], _to make use of, enjoy_.

#ûsus, ûs# [#ûtor#], m., _use, employment_; _experience, training_; _profit, advantage, convenience_.

#ut#, adv., interr., _how? in what way?_ rel., _as, just as_; _since, seeing that_; #ut . . . ita#, _just as . . . so_.

#ut#, conj., (1) with indic., _when_; #ut prîmum#, _as soon as_; (2) with subj. of purpose, _in order that, that_; of result, _so that, that_.

(1) #uter, utris#, m., _leather bag, skin_.

(2) #uter, utra, utrum#, adj., (1) interr., _which of (the) two?_ (2) rel., _whichever one_ (of the two).

#uterque, traque, trumque# [#uter# + #que#], adj., _each_ (of the two), _both_.

#ûtilis, e# [#ûtor#], adj., _useful, helpful_; _profitable, expedient_.

#ûtilitâs, âtis# [#ûtilis#], f., _profit, advantage_.

#utinam#, adv., _oh that! would that!_

#utique#, adv., _at any rate, surely_; _especially_.

#ûtor, ûtî, ûsus sum#, _make use of, employ_; _enjoy, take advantage of_; #aliquid ûtendum dare#, _to lend_.

#utpote#, adv., _seeing that, inasmuch as, since_.

#utrimque# [#uterque#], adv., _from_ or _on both sides, on either hand_.

#uxor, ôris#, f., _a wife_.

#V#

#vacô, âre, âvî, --#, _to be empty, be free_ (e.g. from labor), _have leisure_.

#vacuus# [#vacô#], adj., _empty, unoccupied_.

#vâdô, ere, --, --#, _to go, rush_.

#ex--êvâdô, ere, vâsî, vâsus#, _to go forth_ or _away_; _get away, escape_; _get to be, become_.

#in--invâdô, ere, vâsî, vâsum#, _to enter_; _attack_; _seize, take possession of_.

#vae#, interj., _oh! alas! woe!_

#vâgîtus, ûs# [#vâgiô#, _to cry_], m., _squalling, crying_.

#valeô, êre, uî, itûrus#, _to be well_ or _strong_; _have power_ or _influence, prevail_.

#Valerius, î#, m., the name of a Roman gens.

1. _M. Valerius Mâximus Corvînus_. See #Mâximus# (1).

2. _C. Valerius Catullus_. See #Catullus#.

#valêtûdô, inis# [#valeô#], f., _health_ (good or bad); _good health_; _sickness_.

#validus# [#valeô#], adj., _strong, stout; powerful_.

#vallês#, or #vallis, is#, f., _valley, vale_.

#vâllum, î#, n., _stockade, rampart, wall_.

#vânus#, adj., _empty, idle_; _ostentatious, vain_.

#varius#, adj., _various, different, diverse_.

#varix, icis#, m., _a dilated vein_.

#Varrô, ônis#, m., _C. Terentius Varrô_, consul in 219 and 216; defeated at Cannae, with his colleague Paulus.

#Vârus, î#, m., see #Quîntilius#.

#vas, vadis#, m., _bail, security_; _surety_.

#vâs, vâsis# (pl. #vâsa, ôrum#), n., _a vessel, dish_.

#vâstô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#vâstus#], _to lay waste, devastate, destroy_.

#vâstus#, adj., _empty, waste_; _immense, huge_.

#vegetus# [#vegeô#, _to quicken_], adj., _lively, animated_.

#vehementer# [#vehemêns#, _earnest_], adv., _earnestly, seriously, severely_; _exceedingly_.

#vehô, ere, vexî, vectus#, _to bear, carry, convey_; in pass., with #nâvî# or #equô#, _to sail, ride_.

#ad--advehô, ere, vexî, vectus#, _to carry_ or _bring to, bring_.

#ex--êvehô, ere, vexî, vectus#, _to lift, raise, elevate_.

#in--invehô, ere, vexî, vectus#, _to carry in_ or _to_; in pass., _ride into, sail to_.

#prô--prôvehô, ere, vexî, vectus#, _to carry forward_; in pass., _to sail, proceed_.

#Vêientês, um#, pl. m., _the people of Veii_, a town in Etruria, about twelve miles from Rome.

#vel# [old imperative of (1) #volô#], adv. and conj., _even_; _or, or else_; #vel . . . vel#, _either . . . or_.

#vêlô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to cover up, veil_.

#vêlôcitâs, âtis# [#vêlôx#], f., _speed, swiftness_.

#vêlôx, ôcis#, adj., _swift, fleet, quick_.

#velut# or #velutî#, adv., _just as if, as if_; _ostensibly_.

#vênâbulum, î# [#vênor#], n., _a hunting spear_.

#vênâtiô, ônis# [#vênor#], f., _hunting_; _a hunting spectacle_, in which wild beasts fought against men, or against one another.

#vêndô, ere, didî, ditus# [contr. from vênumdô], _to sell_.

#venênum, î#, n., _poison_.

#venerâtiô, ônis# [#veneror#], f., _respect, reverence_; _an object of reverence_ or _awe_.

#veneror, ârî, âtus sum#, _to reverence, worship, revere, respect, honor_.

#venia, ae#, f., _indulgence, favor, pardon_.

#veniô, îre, vênî, ventum#, _to come, go_.

#ad--adveniô, îre, vênî, ventum#, _to come to, reach, arrive at, arrive_.

#circum--circumveniô, îre, vênî, ventus#, _to surround, beset_.

#con--conveniô, îre, vênî, ventus#, _to come together, assemble_; with acc., _to meet_; #convenit#, impers., _it is agreed, an arrangement is made_.

#in--inveniô, îre, vênî, ventus#, _to come upon, find, discover_.

#ob--obveniô, îre, vênî, ventum#, _to come_ or _go to meet_; _befall, occur to_; _fall to the lot of_.

#per--perveniô, îre, vênî, ventum#, _to come to, reach_; _penetrate, attain to_.

#prae--praeveniô, îre, vênî, ventus#, _to come before, get start of, anticipate, outstrip_.

#super--superveniô, îre, vênî, ventum#, _to come to the rescue, arrive_.

#vênor, ârî, âtus sum#, _to hunt, chase_.

#venter, tris#, m., _the stomach_.

#ventitô, âre, âvî, --# [freq. of #veniô#], _to come_ or _go often, resort_.

#ventus, î#, m., _wind_.

#vênumdô, dare, dedî, datus# [#vênum#, _sale_ + #dô#], _to sell_.

#Venusia, ae#, f., a town in Southern Italy, between Apulia and Lucania.

#venustus# [#venus#, _grace_], adj., _charming, graceful_.

#verber, eris#, n., _a lash, whip_; _blow_.

#verbum, î#, n., _a word_; _saying, phrase_.

#vêrê# [#vêrus#], adv., _truthfully, truly_.

#verêcundia, ae# [#vereor#], f., _modesty, shame_; _respect, reverence_.

#vereor, êrî, itus sum#, _to feel awe of, respect_; _fear, be afraid_.

#vêrô# [abl. of #vêrus#], adv., _truly, heartily_; _in truth, indeed, however, but_.

#verrûca, ae#, f., _a wart, pimple_.

#versiculus# [dim. of #versus#], m., _a little verse_; _a line_.

#versô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #vertô#], _to twist, turn_; pass., _to dwell, abide, be_; _employ one's self, conduct one's self_.

#versus, ûs# [#vertô#], m., _a verse, line_.

#vertex, icis# [#vertô#], m., _summit, peak, crest_.

#vertô, ere, î, versus#, _to turn, change_; in pass., _turn about, return_.

#ab--âvertô, ere, î, versus#, _to turn away_ or _aside, avert, divert_.

#con--convertô, ere, î, versus#, _to turn round, change_; _turn, direct_; _divert, misuse_; #conversus#, _turning_.

#dis--dîvertô, ere, î, versus#, _to turn away_ or _aside_.

#ex--êvertô, ere, î, versus#, _to overturn, destroy, ruin_.

#inter--intervertô, ere, î, versus#, _to turn aside_; _embezzle, misappropriate_.

#re--revertor, î, revertî# or (less often) #reversus sum#, _to return_; _revert, recur_.

#vêrum# [#vêrus#], adv., _truly, certainly_; _but_.

#vêrus#, adj., _true, real, genuine_. For #rê vêrâ#, see #rês#.

#vescor, î, --#, _to eat_.

#vesper, erî#, m., _evening_.

#Vesta, ae#, f., the goddess of the hearth, and so of the family and the state. A fire was kept burning continually in her temple near the Forum, which six maidens, called Vestals, watched in turn, since the Romans believed that the maintenance of this fire was closely connected with the continuance of their state. The Vestals were not allowed to marry during their term of office.

#vester, tra, trum# [orig. #voster#; cf. #vôs#], poss. pron. adj., _your, yours_.

#vêstibulum, î#, n., _vestibule, entrance_.

#vêstîgium, î#, n., _footstep, footprint_.

#vestis, is#, f., _clothing, garments_; _a robe_.

#veterânus# [#vetus#], adj., _old, veteran_. As noun, #veterânî, ôrum#, pl. m., _veteran soldiers, veterans_.

#vetô, âre, uî, itus#, _not allow, forbid_.

#vetus, eris#, adj., _old, aged_; _of a former time, ancient_.

#vexô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #vehô#], _to shake_; _trouble, disturb_.

#via, ae#, f., _highway, road_; _passage, march, journey_.

#vicârius, î# [#vicis#], m., _a substitute, proxy_.

#vîcêsimus# [cf. #vîgintî#], num. adj., _twentieth_.

#vîciês# [cf. #vîgintî#], num. adv., _twenty times_.

#vîcînus# [#vîcus#], adj., _neighboring, near_.

(#vicis#), #is# (nom. wanting), f., _alternation, change, succession_; #in vicem#, _in turn_.

#victor, ôris# [#vincô#], m., _conqueror, victor_; as adj., _victorious_.

#victôria, ae# [#victor#], f., _victory_.

#vîcus, î#, m., _a street_; _village, town_.

#vidêlicet# [#vidêre# + #licet#], adv., _you see, clearly_; _of course, that is_.

#videô, êre, vîdî, vîsus#, _to see, perceive, understand_; in pass., _seem_.

#in--invideô, êre, vîdî, vîsus#, _to look askance at, to envy_.

#vigil, vigilis#, adj., _wakeful, alert_; as noun, _a watchman, sentinel_.

#vigilantia, ae# [#vigil#], f., _wakefulness, vigilance, watchfulness_.

#vigilia, ae# [#vigil#], f., _wakefulness_; _a watch_ (a fourth part of the night).

#vîgintî#, indecl. num. adj., _twenty_.

#vîlicus, î# [#vîlla#], m., _overseer, steward_.

#vîlla, ae#, f., _a country house, villa_.

#vîminâlis, e# [#vîmen#, _an osier_], adj., _of osiers_; as noun, #Vîminâlis, is#, m. (sc. #collis#), _the Viminal Hill_, one of the seven hills of Rome.

#vinciô, îre, vinxî, vinctus#, _to bind, fetter_.

#vincô, ere, vîcî, victus#, _to conquer, defeat_; _surpass_; intrans., _prevail_.

#dê--dêvincô, ere, vîcî, victus#, _to conquer completely, subdue_.

#vinculum, î# [#vinciô#], n., _a bond_; in pl., _bonds, chains, jail_.

#vindex, icis#, m., _champion, protector_.

#vindicô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#vîs# + #dîcô#], _to claim_; _protect_; _avenge_; _punish_.

#vînum, î#, n., _wine_.

#violentus# [#vîs#], adj., _violent, impetuous_.

#violô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#vîs#], _to injure_; _dishonor, outrage_.

#vir, virî#, m., _a man, hero_; _husband_.

#vîrês#, see #vîs#.

#virga, ae#, f., _a rod, scourge_.

#Virgînia, ae#, f., the maiden whose attempted enslavement by Appius Claudius led to the downfall of the Decemvirs, B.C. 449.

#Virgînius, î#, m., _L._, the father of Virginia, consul in B.C. 449.

#virgô, inis#, f., _young girl, maiden, virgin_.

#virîlis, e# [#vir#], adj., _manly_.

#virîtim# [#vir#], adv., _man by man, singly, individually_.

#virtûs, ûtis# [#vir#], f., _manliness, strength, bravery_; _ability_.

#vîs#, gen. and dat. wanting, acc. #vim#, abl. #vî#, f., _strength, force_; _hostile force, violence_; _quantity, number_; pl., #vîrês#, _energy, vigor, resources_; #vim facere#, _to use violence_.

#vîsô, ere, î, us# [freq. of #videô#], _to go to see, visit_.

#vîsus, ûs# [#videô#], m., _appearance, vision_.

#vîta, ae# [cf. #vîvô#], f., _life_.

#vitium, î# [#vieô#, _to twist_], n., _a fault, failing, vice_.

#vituperandus# [gerundive of #vituperô#], adj., _blameworthy_.

#vituperâtiô, ônis# [#vituperô#], f., _censure, criticism_.

#vituperô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to blame, censure_.

#vîvô, ere, vîxî, vîctum#, _to live_.

#super--supervîvô, ere, vîxî, --#, _to live beyond, outlive, survive_.

#vîvus# [#vîvô#], adj., _living, alive_; of water, _running_.

#vix#, adv., _with difficulty, hardly, scarcely_.

#vôciferor, ârî, âtus sum# [#vôx# + #ferô#], _to cry out, shout, exclaim_.

#vocitô, âre, âvî, âtus# [freq. of #vocô#], _to call repeatedly_ or _loudly_.

#vocô, âre, âvî, âtus# [cf. #vôx#], _to call, summon, name_.

#ab--âvocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call off_, or _away_.

#ad--advocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call to_ (one), _summon_; _call together_.

#con--convocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call together, summon_.

#ex--êvocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call forth_ or _out, summon_.

#prô--prôvocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call forth, challenge_; _appeal to_.

#re--revocô, âre, âvî, âtus#, _to call back, call again, recall_.

#volitô, âre, âvî, --# [freq. of (2) #volô#], _flit about_; _fly, hasten_.

(1) #volô, velle, voluî, --#, _to wish_; _be willing_; _be minded, determine_.

(2) #volô, âre, âvî, âtûrus#, _to fly_.

#ab--âvolô, âre, âvî, --#, _to fly_ or _hasten away_.

#dê--dêvolô, âre, --, --#, _to fly down, fly_.

#Volscî, ôrum#, pl. m., an ancient tribe living in the southern part of Latium, finally subdued by the Romans in B.C. 338.

#volucer, cris, cre# [(2) #volô#], adj., _flying, winged_; as noun, f. (sc. #avis#), _a bird_.

#volûmen, inis# [#volvô#, _to roll_], n., _roll of writing, scroll, volume, book_.

#voluntârius# [#voluntâs#], adj., _of free will, voluntary_.

#voluntâs, âtis# [(1) #volô#], f., _will, wish, desire, inclination_.

#voluptâs, âtis#, f., _pleasure, enjoyment_.

#vôs#, see #tû#.

#vôtum, î# [#voveô#], n., _a vow, wish, prayer_.

#voveô, êre, vôvî, vôtus#, _to promise solemnly, vow, dedicate_.

#dê--dêvoveô, êre, vôvî, vôtus#, _to consecrate, doom, devote_.

#vôx, vôcis#, f., _voice, sound, tone_; _cry, call_; _saying, speech_.

#vulgâris, e# [#vulgus#], adj., _commonplace, ordinary, vulgar_.

#vulgô# [#vulgus#], adv., _commonly, popularly, generally_.

#vulgus, î#, n., _the masses, multitude, the common people_.

#vulnerô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#vulnus#], _to wound, hurt, injure_.

#vulnus, eris#, n., _a wound_; _blow, misfortune_.

#vultur, uris#, m., _a vulture_.

#vultus, ûs#, m., _the expression of the face, features, countenance_.

#X#

#Xanthippus, î#, m., a Spartan general by whose aid the Carthaginians defeated Regulus in B.C. 255.

#Xenophôn, ôntis#, m., _Xenophon_, an Athenian general and author, who lived about B.C. 440-350.

#Xerxês, is#, m., a king of Persia, defeated by the Greeks at Salamis B.C. 480.

#Z#

#Zama, ae#, f., a city in Numidia, near Carthage.

#zôna, ae#, f., _a girdle, belt_; _money belt_.

REFERENCES TO HARKNESS' COMPLETE LATIN GRAMMAR

To accompany Arrowsmith and Knapp's Viri Romae

Page Note

1 4 489 5 568 6 446, 2

2 7 429 8 639 10 476 18 622

3 2 649, II. 4 418 10 595 11 480 14 533, 4 15 532, 3

4 1 475 6 477, I. 12 598

5 3 590 6 205, 2 14 396, 2 20 633

6 1 646 16 615

7 7 600, II. 16 642 17 473, 2 20 565

8 5 462

9 6 568

10 2 430 6 429 9 570 15 417 18 471

12 1 417 5 605, I. 23 454

13 10 652, 1

14 13 568, 7 15 440, 1 and 2

15 3 484, 2

16 6 559, 1

17 4 427 11 451, 1

18 4 584 17 440, 3

19 15 424

20 11 603, 2 12 426

21 8 611, 1 14 473, 2 15 666, 2

23 8 467

24 9 478 12 565

25 6 433 7 483

27 3 489, 1 6 588, II. 16 430

28 7 457 9 425, 4, N. 13 484, 2

30 2 441 3 426, 2

31 1 592, 1 9 559, 1 11 576

33 2 454 13 426

34 2 426

35 2 489 6 497, 4

36 8 456 10 477, I. 18 476, 1

37 4 477, III.

38 1 497 and 1 12 567

39 4 595, 1 12 479

41 10 473, 3

42 5 399, 5

44 2 428, 3

47 12 579 and N.

48 4 481 5 499

49 4 83, 5 7 561, 2

51 6 626, 3

53 12 451, 2

54 8 473, 2, N. 1 9 416, 2

62 5 591, 4 9 565, 4

63 5 642, 4

66 4 556

67 4 448, 1

70 2 581, 1

72 8 592

73 5 591, 1

74 5 470, 1

75 10 456, 3

76 4 432

85 6 474, 2, N. 1

86 7 586, II.

87 7 587

90 2 535, 1

112 3 468

114 2 429 3 426, 1 4 434 6 378, 2

115 1 378

118 4 486

120 7 431

123 2 426, 2 7 440, 5

124 1 598

129 1 451, 1

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Harkness's New Latin Grammars

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* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

Errors and Inconsistencies (noted by transcriber):

_Main Text_

page 3: Rômulus statim armâtîs[3] pâstôribus [armâtis] Footnote 2.18 ... See p. xviii, E 4, H 622 ... B 337, 7, 2. [E 4. H 622 ... B 337, 7, 2).] Footnote 3.4 ... B 182, 1, _a_; [B 182, 1, _a_);] Footnote 10.13: _sepeliô_ [_final . missing_] Footnote 18.13: Cf. p. 3, n. 2. [cf.] Footnote 18.14 ... quod in mente concêpî?_' [_close quote missing_] page 23: Incidit[10] dê uxôribus mentiô [de] Footnote 28.9: dat. of reference [dat of] page 29: nî faciat,[16] [faciât] Footnote 29.16 ... vî (tê) abstraham [te] Footnote 39.4 ... H 595, 1 (504, 3, 2) [(504, 3, 2))] page 41 Inde Rômam dê permûtandîs captîvîs [captîvis] page 48: nê Rôma opprimî posset [ne] Footnote 44.2 ... Cf. H 428, 3 (385, 4, 3): [(385, 4, 3))] page 63: deinde positîs ante vêstibulum dônîs [vêstibulûm] Footnote 59.6: #haud piget#: sc. _mê_ [sc. _me_] page 72: vênit ad eum lîctor [âd] page 74: Cum aedem Honôris [aêdem] Footnote 85.1 ... #prîmum . . . triumphâvit# [primum] Footnote 85.6 ... (419, III, 1, 1) [(419, III, 1, 1))] page 88: sêriô dîxit Caesar mâlle [mâllê] page 96: [Illustration: CICERÔ] [CICERO] page 100 Sed Antônius, initâ cum Octâviânô societâte,[5] [Sêd] Footnote 98.17: 'conspicuous'; lit., 'shining.' [_first open quote missing_] page 106: aspidem[14] sibi adferendam cûrâvit [13]

_Glossary_

#ad#, prep. with accus. ... (3) of purpose [_missing (3)_] #cônfodiô#, see #fodiô#. [#cônfodiô#.] #ad--addîcô, ere, dîxî, dictus# [addîcô, êre] #bis# [orig. #duis#; cf. #duo#], num. adv., _twice_. [_close parenthesis for bracket_] #Falernus# ... _a famous wine-growing district in Campania_. [_printed as shown, with anomalous italics_] #implôrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [âvî âtus] #integer, gra, grum# ... #integer, â# [integer â] #îrâtus# [orig. part. of #îrâscor#] [orig part.] #per--perliciô, ere, lexî, lectus#, [_missing , after "lectus"_] #inquam# ... See #297#, II, 2: 144, _b_: _175_, 2. [_reference printed as shown_] #introeô#, see (1) #eô#. [_final . missing_] #latebra, ae#, [_missing , after "ae"_] #multô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#multa#], _to fine, punish_. [âre âvî] #per--permûtô, âre, âvî, âtus# [âre, âvi] #ôrdior, îrî, ôrsus sum#, _to begin_. [îrî ôrsus] #ad--adôrô, âre, âvî, âtus# [ad adôrô] #persuâdeô#, see #suâdeô#. [#persuâdeô# see] #dê--dêcutiô, ere, cussî, cussus# [dê dêcutiô] #ex--êrumpô, ere, rûpî, ruptum#, [_missing , after "ruptum"_] #sôpiô, îre, îvî (iî), îtus# [îro, îvî] #spernô, ere, sprêvî, sprêtus# [spernô, êre] #superô, âre, âvî, âtus# [#superus#] [âre, âvi] #re--retrahô, ere, trâxî, trâctus#, [trâctus#.] #vindicô, âre, âvî, âtus# [âre, âvi]

_References to Harkness_

90 2 535, 1 [_missing 1_]

_Advertising_

Format of prices (usually $4.50, sometimes $4 50) is unchanged.

sight tests and occasional examinations. [_final . missing_] VOL. I--PROSE. ... Seneca Rhetor, Justinus [Rhetor. Justinus] [last page] _Copies sent ... on receipt of the price_. [_final . missing_]