chapter v

. relating specially to the latter country. The narrative is quite superficial and fragmentary; the ‘nosegay’ being not only common but faded, even the style and type appearing antiquated for the date. Appended is _Hemmersam_, _Guineische und West-Indianische Reissbeschreibung_, with addition by Dietherr, relating to Africa and Brazil.

[200] ‘A tres leguas andadas llego al rio que parte termino con tierras de Montecçuma.’ _Gomara_, _Hist. Mex._, 49; _Torquemada_, i. 395.

[201] Gomara, who ignores the previous night’s camp, states that the detour up the river was made to avoid marshes. They saw only isolated huts, and fields, and also about twenty natives, who were chased and caught. By them they were guided to the hamlet. _Hist. Mex._, 49. They met one hundred men bringing them food. _Ixtlilxochitl_, _Hist. Chich._, 289. Prescott allows the Spaniards to cross only a tributary of la Antigua, and yet gain Cempoala. _Mex._, i. 339-40.

[202] Las Casas says 20,000 to 30,000. _Hist. Ind._, iv. 492. Torquemada varies in different places from 25,000 to 150,000. The inhabitants were moved by Conde de Monterey to a village in Jalapa district, and in Torquemada’s time less than half a dozen remained. i. 397. ‘Dista de Vera-Cruz quatro leguas, y las ruínas dan á entender la grandeza de la Ciudad; pero es distinto de otro Zempoal ... que dista de este doze leguas.’ _Lorenzana_, in _Cortés_, _Hist. N. España_, 39. ‘Assentada en vn llano entre dos rios.’ A league and a half from the sea. _Herrera_, dec. ii. lib. v. cap. viii.

[203] ‘Cempoal, que yo intitulé Sevilla.’ _Cortés_, _Cartas_, 52. See _Native Races_, ii. 553-90; iv. 425-63, on Nahua architecture.

[204] _Ixtlilxochitl_, _Hist. Chich._, 294. Brasseur de Bourbourg, by a misconstruction of his authorities, calls him Tlacochcalcatl. _Codex Chimalpopoca_, in _Brasseur de Bourbourg_, _Hist. Nat. Civ._, iv. 93. See _Sahagun_, _Hist. Conq._, 16.

[205] ‘Una gordura monstruosa.... Fue necesario que Cortés detuviesse la risa de los soldados.’ _Solis_, _Hist. Mex._, i. 175.

[206] ‘Se hizo el alojamento en el patio del Templo mayor.’ _Herrera_, dec. ii. lib. v. cap. viii.

[207] For the reigns of their kings, see _Torquemada_, i. 278-80. Robertson, _Hist. Am._, ii. 31, wrongly assumes the Totonacs to be a fierce people, different from Cempoalans.

[208] ‘Toda aquella provincia de Cempoal y toda la sierra comarcana á la dicha villa, que serán hasta cinquenta mil hombres de guerra y cincuenta villas y fortalezas.’ _Cortés_, _Cartas_, 53. ‘Cien mil hõbres entre toda la liga.’ _Gomara_, _Hist. Mex._, 57. ‘En aquellas tierras de la lengua de Totonaque, que eran mas de trienta pueblos.’ _Bernal Diaz_, _Hist. Verdad._, 31. The province appears to have extended from Rio de la Antigua to Huaxtecapan, in the north of Vera Cruz, and from the sea to Zacatlan, in Puebla. Patiño assumes Mixquhuacan to have been the capital, but this must be a mistake.

[209] Gomara relates that the army remained at Cempoala fifteen days, during which frequent visits were made by the lord, Cortés paying the first return visit on the third day, attended by fifty soldiers. He describes briefly the palace, and how Cortés, seated by the side of the lord, on icpalli stools, now won his confidence and adhesion. _Hist. Mex._, 51-3; _Tapia_, _Rel._, in _Icazbalceta_, _Col. Doc._, ii. 561; _Herrera_, dec. ii. lib. v. cap. x. Bernal Diaz declares Gomara wrong, and insists that they proceeded on their way the following day. _Hist. Verdad._, 31; _Clavigero_, _Storia Mess._, iii. 26-7.

[210] For illustrated description of barranca ruins, see _Native Races_, iv. 439 et seq.

[211] Ávila, who had command, was so strict as to lance Hernando Alonso de Villanueva for not keeping in line. Lamed in the arm, he received the nickname of el Manquillo. _Bernal Diaz_, _Hist. Verdad._, 31. The riders were obliged to retain their seats, lest the Indians should suppose that the horses could be deterred by any obstacles. _Gomara_, _Hist. Mex._, 53.

[212] _Vetancvrt_, _Teatro Mex._, pt. iii. 117. Others suppose that he came merely to persuade the cacique to join Cortés. _Clavigero_, _Storia Mess._, iii. 27.

[213] Four men. _Ixtlilxochitl_, _Hist. Chich._, 289. ‘Twenty men,’ says Gomara, _Hist. Mex._, 54, who does not refer to the arrival of Cempoala’s lord.

[214] ‘Monteçuma tenia pensamiẽnto, ... de nos auer todos á las manos, para que hiziessemos generacion, y tambien para tener que sacrificar.’ _Bernal Diaz_, _Hist. Verdad._, 28.

[215] ‘Carcerati nelle loro gabbie,’ is the way Clavigero puts it. _Storia Mess._, iii. 28. One was even whipped for resisting.

[216] ‘Porque no se les fuesse alguno dellos á dar mandado á Mexico,’ is Bernal Diaz’ reason for it. _Hist. Verdad._, 32.

[217] ‘Condotta artifiziosa, e doppia,’ etc., says Clavigero, _Storia Mess._, iii. 28, while Solis lauds it as ‘Grande artífice de medir lo que disponia, con lo que rezelaba: y prudente Capitan.’ _Hist. Mex._, i. 186.

[218] ‘Desde alli adelante nos llamaron Teules,’ says Bernal Diaz, with great satisfaction. _Hist Verdad._, 32. ‘A los Españoles llamaron _teteuh_, que quiere decir dioses, y los Españoles corrompiendo el vocablo decian _teules_, el cual nombre les duró mas de tres años,’ till we stopped it, declaring that there was but one God. _Motolinia_, _Hist. Ind._, i. 142-3. See note 16.

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