Part 9
ELKINS, JOSEPH, D.D.: _Ancient Symbolism among the Chinese._
ELY, TALFOURD: _Manual of Archæology._
_Emmaus's Life in Ancient Egypt._
EVANS, E. P.: _Animal Symbolism in Ecclesiastical Architecture._
FABER, GEORGE STANLEY: _Origin of Pagan Idolatry._
FERGUSSON, JAMES: _Tree and Serpent Worship._
FUSENBETH, F. C., D.D.: _Emblems of Saints._
GOODYEAR, WILLIAM H.: _The Grammar of the Lotus._
HEDIN, SVEN: _Through Asia._
HULME, F. EDWARD: _Symbolism in Christian Art._
_Iconographic Encyclopædia of the Arts and Sciences._
INMAN, THOMAS, M.D.: _Ancient Faiths._
JAMES, A. G. F. ELIOT: _Indian Industries._
JONES, OWEN: _The Grammar of Ornament._
_Journal of the Society of Arts._
KARABACEK, Dr. JOSEPH: _Die Persische Nadelmalerei._
KNIGHT, RICHARD PAYNE: _The Symbolical Language of Ancient Art and Mythology._
LANDOR, A. HENRY SAVAGE: _In the Forbidden Land._
LAYARD, AUSTEN HENRY: _Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh._
LAYARD, AUSTEN HENRY: _Nineveh and Babylon._
LAYARD, AUSTEN HENRY: _Nineveh and Its Remains._
LENORMANT, FRANÇOIS AND CHEVALIER, CHARLES: _Manual of the Ancient History of the East._
LESSING, JULIUS: _Oriental Carpets._
LÜBKE, WILHELM: _History of Ancient Art._
MALCOM, Sir JOHN: _History of Persia._
MARVIN, CHARLES: _Merv, the Queen of the World._
MASPERO, GASTON C. CHARLES: _Manual of Egyptian Archæology._
MASPERO, GASTON C. CHARLES: _Dawn of Civilization._
_Meyer's Handbook of Ornament._
MUMFORD, JOHN KIMBERLY: _Oriental Rugs._
MÜNTZ, EUGENE: _A Short History of Tapestry._
O'DAGREE, H. EUGENE: _Les Symbols Antiques._
O'DONOVAN, EDMUND: _The Merv Oasis._
PERROT, GEORGES AND CHIPIEZ, CHARLES: _History of Art In Ancient Egypt._
PERROT, GEORGES AND CHIPIEZ, CHARLES: _History of Art In Chaldæa and Assyria._
PETRIE, WILLIAM MATTHEWS FLINDERS: _Decorative Art._
PETRIE, WILLIAM MATTHEWS FLINDERS: _Ten Years' Digging In Egypt._
PHILLIPS, G.: _British Manufactures and Industries._
RACINET, M. A.: _L'Ornement Polychrome._
REBER, FRANZ VON: _History of Ancient Art._
RECLUS, ELISIE: _The Earth and Its Inhabitants._
_Redgrave's Manual of Design._
RENOUF, P. LEPAGE: _Religion of Ancient Egypt._
RIEGL, DR. ALOIS: _Altorientalische Teppiche._
ROBINSON, VINCENT: _Eastern Carpets._
RYAN, CHARLES: _Egyptian Art._
SAYCE, ARCHIBALD HENRY, LL.D.: _Babylonians and Assyrians._
_Sculpture, Manual of._ Paris.
SHARPE, SAMUEL: _Mythology and Egyptian Christianity._
SHELLEY, G. E.: _Birds of Egypt._
_Smith's Greek and Roman Antiquities._
SMITH, MAJOR R. MURDOCK, R. E.: _Persian Art._
_Smith's Religion of the Semites._
_Southesk's Origin of Pictish Symbolism._
_Spon's Encyclopædia of the Industrial Arts, Manufactures, And Raw Commercial Products._ (edited by Charles G. W. Lock.)
STRICKLAND, AGNES: _Lives of the Queens of England._
STUART, H. VILLIERS: _Egypt After the War._
SYKES, ELLA C.: _Through Persia on a Side Saddle._
_Thompson's Paper on Beast and Bird in Ancient Symbolism._ (Trans. Roy. Soc., Edinburgh.)
_Twining's Symbols of Early Christian Art._
VÁMBÉRY, ARMINIUS: _History of Bokhara._
VAN DYKE, JOHN CHARLES: _History of Painting._
WATSON, DR. FORBES: _The Textile Manufactures and Costumes Of the People of India._
WEALE, JOHN: _Quarterly Papers on Architecture._
WESTROFF, HODDER M., AND WAKE, CHARLES STANILAND: _Ancient Symbol Worship._
_Westwood's Illumination._
WHEELER, SAMUEL GREEN: _Persia and the Persians._
WILKINSON, SIR J. GARDNER: _The Ancient Egyptians._
WILLIAMS, S. WELLS: _The Middle Kingdom._
WILSON, THE REV. SAMUEL GRAHAM, M. A.: _Persian Life And Customs._
WINKLEMAN, JOHANN JOACHIM: _History of Art Among The Greeks._
WYATT, M. DIGBY: _Industrial Arts of the Nineteenth Century._
ZERFFI, G. C.: _A Manual of the Historical Development of Art._
INDEX
A
Aaragh, value of rug trade, 56; spelling, 167, 170.
Abbas, Shah, 53; rugs woven during reign of, 62; _see_ Shah Abbas design.
Abenákee rugs, 143, 144.
Acanthus forms employed by Morris, 139.
Adana, 71, 168, 170.
Adiaman, 168, 170.
Adiyemen, 168.
Afghan rugs, 96, 102.
Afghan-Turkestan, 95 (plate).
Afghanistan place-names, 165.
Afghanistan rugs, 95 (and plate), 96, 100.
Afium-Kara-hissar, 168, 170.
African place-names, 169.
Agra, 166, 170.
Agra rugs, 90.
Agrinion, 170.
Ahmedabad, 166, 170.
Aidin, 168, 170.
Ainos, their method of weaving, 24.
Aitsi-ken, 167, 170.
Akbar, Emperor, 87.
Akhissar rugs, 74, 80; meaning, 162; spelling, 168, 170.
Akshehr, 168, 170.
Albee, Mrs. Helen R., 143, 144.
Aleppo, 168, 170.
Alexander the Great, rug-weaving in time of, 53.
Alizarin (red coloring matter), 44.
Allahabad, 166, 170.
Allahabad rugs, 90.
Allen, J. Rowelly, 175.
Alleppi, 166, 170.
"Altorientalische Teppiche," Riegl, 177.
Altun, 168, 170.
Amabala, 170.
Ambala, 166.
American interests in India, 35; in Ouchak, 81; in Amritsar, 90.
_American Journal of Archæology_, 175.
American rug-weaving, 24.
Ames, late Gov., rug owned by, 113.
Amritsar, 78 (plate), 166, 170.
Amritsar rugs, 90.
Anatolia, 74, 117, 168, 170.
Anatolian mats, 74.
Anatolian rugs, 74, 79, 122 (and plate).
"Ancient Egypt," Davis and Cobern, 175.
"Ancient Egyptians, The," Wilkinson, 178.
"Ancient Faiths," Inman, 176.
"Ancient Symbol Worship," Westroff and Wake, 178.
"Ancient Symbolism among the Chinese," Elkins, 176.
Anemone, symbolism of, 161.
Angora goat's hair, 30.
Angora province, 77.
Aniline dyes, 44, 46, 134.
Animal forms, not allowed by Mohammedan religion, 37; employed by Shiah sect and certain others, 38; in Jaipur rugs, 91; in Chinese rugs, 114; symbolism of, 156.
"Animal Symbolism in Ecclesiastical Architecture," Evans, 176.
"Appalachian America," 146.
Arabesque design, 43.
Arabian place-names, 168.
Arabian rug, 70 (plate).
Ardebal (District), 167, 170.
Ardebil rug in South Kensington Museum, 36, 154; spelling, 167, 170.
Armenia, 168.
Armenian Christian weavers, 71.
Arrian, quoted, 45.
Ashenhurst, Thomas R., 175.
Ashkabad, 98.
Asia Minor, 168.
Asiatic Turkey produces madder, 44.
Asium, 168, 170.
Asps, symbolism of, 158.
Ass, symbolism of, 159.
Association for the Education of Poor Women, Athens, 133.
Assyrian rug-weaving, 19, 88.
Astrabad, 103, 126, 167, 170.
Astrakan, 170.
Astrakhan, 168.
Athens rug industry, 133.
Auber, Abbé M. L., 175.
Aubusson rug manufactory, 142, 169, 170.
Austria, rug-weaving in, 142.
Austrian Imperial House, owner of hunting rug, 128.
Authorities consulted, 175-178.
Awnings and floor-coverings, ancient, 19.
Aylauts, nomadic weavers of Kara Dagh rugs, 63.
Azerbaijan province, 62, 69, 167, 170.
Azerbijan district, 58.
B
Babelon, Ernest, 175.
Babylon, fall of, 19.
Babylonian rug-weaving, 19; color symbolism, 47.
"Babylonians and Assyrians," Sayce, 177.
Bactrian tribes, rugs woven by, 60.
Bagdad, 162, 168, 170.
Bagh, 165, 170.
Baghdad, 168.
Bahadapur (District), 166, 170.
Bakhshis rugs, 58.
Baku, government of, 108; meaning of _Baku_, 162; spelling, 168, 170.
Balkh, 165, 170.
Ball, J. Dyer, 175.
Bangalore, 166, 170.
Banian or burr tree, symbolism of, 159.
Barbarike, 46.
Bardwan, 166, 170.
Bareilly, 166.
Bareli, 166.
Basilica of St. Sophia at Constantinople, 120.
Bat, symbolism of, 157, 161.
Bat with a ring in its claws, symbolism of, 158.
Batum, 168, 170.
Bayer, Professor F., 153.
Bayeta scarlet in Navajo rugs, 147.
"Beast and Bird in Ancient Symbolism," Thompson's paper on, 178.
Beauvais rug manufactory, 141, 169, 170.
Bee, symbolism of, 158.
Beetle, symbolism of, 158.
Behesne, 168, 170.
Beirut, 168, 170.
Belar, 165, 170.
Belgium, rug-weaving in, 142.
Bellary, 166, 170.
Beluch rug called "blue Bokhara," 97.
Beluchistan rugs, 97; meaning of _Beluchistan_, 162; place-names, 165.
Benares, 166, 170.
Beni-Hassan, rug-weavers seen in wall-paintings at, 16.
Berea College, Ky., rag rugs, 145.
Bergama, 168, 170.
Bergamo (Province), 168.
Bergamo rugs, 74.
Berbers, rugs woven by, 135.
Beshir rugs, 100.
Bethlehem tent cloth, 111.
Beypur, 166, 170.
Bhag, 165.
Bhagalpur, 166, 170.
Bhagulpore, 162.
Bhawulpore, rugs said to be woven at, 95.
Bibikabad, 167, 170.
Bibikabad rugs, 58.
"Bible Myths," Auber, 175.
Bijapur, 166, 171.
Bijar, 55, 56; spelling, 167, 171.
Bijar rugs, 58 (and plate), 67.
Birch, Dr. Samuel, quoted, 17.
Bird, symbolism of, 161.
"Birds of Egypt," Shelley, 177.
Birdwood, Sir George C., quoted, 23, 175.
Birjand, 167, 171.
Birjand rugs, 59.
Bishop, Mrs. Isabella Bird, quoted, 24, 125, 175.
Black, symbolism of, 47, 48; corrosiveness of dye, 63, 80.
Blackie, C., 175.
Blaine, Mrs. Emmons, rugs owned by, 34 (plate), 124 (plate).
Blossom, symbolism of, 158.
"Blue Bokhara" a misnomer, 97.
Blue, symbolism of, 47, 48.
Boar, symbolism of, 161.
Boat, symbolism of, 158.
Bode, Wilhelm, 156 (plate), 175.
Boglipoor, 166.
Bokhara, dyes from, 98; meaning of _Bokhara_, 162; spelling, 168, 171.
Bokhara rugs, no blue, 97; so-called and genuine, 98 (plate), 100, 103.
Bombay, 166, 171.
Bonnick's "Egyptian Belief and Modern Thought," 175.
Borders, 38-42.
Bosnia, 136.
Bosnian rugs, 136.
Boulak, Egypt, rug factory, 51.
"Bride's rug," 118.
"British Manufactures and Industries," Phillips, 177.
Broussa, 74, 168; _see_ Brusa.
Brummer, Martin, 175.
Brusa, 74, 111, 168, 171.
Brussels, power looms in, 24; rug-production, 142.
Buckingham, Miss, rug owned by, 120 (plate).
Buckthorns, certain species produce dyes, 45.
Buddhist Sceptre, symbolism of, 157.
Budge, E. A. Wallis, 175.
Bujnurd, 167, 171.
Bulgarian rugs, 137.
Bull, symbolism of, 158.
Burley, Clarence, rug owned by, 106 (plate).
Burnham, Mrs. L. G., rug owned by, frontispiece plate.
Burujird rugs, 59; spelling, 167, 171.
Bushire, 167, 171.
Butterfly, symbolism of, 158, 159, 161.
Buyers' selection for Western market, 33, 38.
Byzantine influence on rug-weaving, 19.
C
Cabistan rugs, _see_ Kabistan rugs.
Cabool, 165.
Cabul, 165.
Cæsar first saw Cleopatra wrapped in rug, 18.
Cæsarea, 71, 168, 169.
Cæsarean rugs, 75, 125.
Cairo, rug emporium, 52, 169, 171.
Calcutta, 166, 171.
Camel's hair, 30, 31, 98.
Canton, 165, 171.
Carding, 31.
Carpaccio Vittore, painting by, 20 (plate).
Carpets, catalogue term for rugs, 16.
"Carpets," Dresser, 176.
Cartouche, symbolism of, 158.
Cassaba rugs, 75, 83.
Caucasian rugs, modern, characteristic designs of, 39, 41, 42; descriptions, 105-108; place-names, 168.
Cawnpur, 91, 166, 171.
Center Lovell, Maine, 145.
Central Asia, rugs, 98; place-names, 168.
"Century Atlas," 175.
"Century Dictionary," 175.
Chal, 169.
"Chambers's Encyclopædia," 175.
Chanda, 166, 171.
Charikar, 165, 171.
Chehel Sitoon, Palace of, Ispahan, 95.
Chemical dyes, 46.
Chevalier, Charles, 176.
Chichi rugs, 108.
Chinese dye, green, 45.
Chinese fret design, 43, 101, 102, 114 (plate).
Chinese influence seen in design of Ispahan rugs, 63; of Kashgar rugs, 101; of Samarkand rugs, 102 (and plate).
Chinese pictures copied in Persian hunting rugs, 124 (plate), 128.
Chinese place-names, 165.
Chinese rugs, 41, 113-115 (and plate facing 114); of silk, 124.
Chinese silk industry, 123; silk rugs, 124.
Chinese symbolism of colors, 47, 48; of various designs, 157.
Chintz designs in silk rugs, 125.
Chipiez, Charles, 177.
Christian weavers of Turkish rugs, 71.
Circassian rug-weavers, 71.
Circle design, 43, 161.
Circular rugs, 115.
Claremont, English home of Lord Clive, 89.
Clarke, Sir C. Purdon, 175.
Cleopatra borne before Cæsar in a rug, 18.
Chi-lin (a kind of doe), symbolism of, 157.
Climatic influences on rug-weaving, 32, 71; on odors of rugs, 90.
Clive, Lord, 89.
Cloud bands, 41, 63, 157.
Coat of arms of Persia, 160.
Coat of arms of Turkey, 160.
Cobern, ----, 175.
_Coccus cacti_, insect which produces cochineal, 44.
Cochineal, 44.
Cock and hen on an artificial rock-work, symbolism of, 157.
Colbert, fostered rug industry in France, 141.
Colors, sensed by weavers, 21; Persians' intuition for, 37; obtained by aniline and vegetable dyes, 44; importance to Orientals, 47; Persian choice of, 47; symbolism of, 47, 48; in modern Turkish rugs, 77; in Kurdish rugs, 79.
Comb design, 43.
_Conchylium_, ancient name of Phoenician purple, 18.
Cone, pine, symbolism of, 159; fir, 161.
Constable's "Hand Atlas of India," 175.
Constantinople, rug market, 71-73, 82; silk-weaving introduced into, 123; spelling, 169.
Cossac (Kazak), 107, 108 (plate).
Cotton, 30, 76.
Cotton rugs, Indian, 23, 88, 91; Japanese, 116.
Coula, 169.
Coverlets woven in "Appalachian America," 145.
Coxon Herbert, 175.
Crane, symbolism of, 157.
Crescent, symbolism of, 158, 160.
Crete girl weavers, 132.
Crimson, 18, 47.
Crocodile, symbolism of, 158.
Crooked Turkish rugs, 24.
Cross designs, 43.
Crow, symbolism of, 157.
Curson, Hon. George N., 175.
Customs administration in Persia, 55.
Cypress tree design in Jaipur rugs, 91; symbolism of, 161; _see_ 120 (plate) and 124 (plate).
D
Daghestan, 168, 171.
Daghestan rugs, 41, 105, 106 (and plate), 108.
Damascus, 112.
Daraksh, 59.
Date woven into rugs, 67, 154, 155.
Davis, ----, 175.
Davis, Mr. Will J., rugs owned by, 30, 68.
"Dawn of Civilization," Maspero, 177.
Deccan, rugs from the, 23; meaning of _Deccan_, 162; spelling, 166, 171.
"Decorative Art," Petrie, 177.
Deer, symbolism of, 157.
Definition of _rug_, 15.
Dekkan-peninsula, 166.
Delays caused by superstitious weavers, 29.
Delhi, 91, 166, 171.
Delhi Court, 87.
Demirdji rugs, 75; spelling, 169, 171.
Denny, M. B., 175.
Derbent rugs, 105, 126 (plate); meaning of _Derbent_, 162; spelling, 168, 171.
Descending eagle, symbolism of, 160.
"Descriptions des Arts et Metiers," 139.
Design, of Persian rugs, 17; Oriental designs adapted from Nature, 19; Egypto-Chaldean designs in modern rugs, 19; furnished by Western art schools, 25; hereditary, 37; manner of teaching to pupils, 37; of Persian rugs, 37; selected by buyer, 38; Occidental, copied by native weavers, 38; made from _talims_, or working drawings, 38, 39; proportioned to size of rug, 39; units described, 39-43; determines district where woven, 55; of modern Persian product, 57; Shah Abbas, 59; Herati border, 59, 61, 64, 69; Guli Hinnai, 60; Tree of Life, 17, 65; use of old patterns, 69; introduced by Persian weavers into India, 87; Hindoo, 88; floral, in Indian rugs, 88; Persian, in Jaipur rugs, 91; in Lahore rugs, 91; in Warangul rugs, 93; in Japanese rugs, 116; of silk rugs, 125; of Morris rugs, 139; of Navajo rugs, 148; symbolical, 156-162.
"Design in Textile Fabrics," Ashenhurst, 175.
Designers, Indian, 32 (plate).
Dewsbury, power looms in, 24.
Dhurrie, Indian, 91, 94.
Diarbekir, 169, 171.
"Dictionary of Place Names," Blackie, 175.
Dining-rooms, Görevan rugs popular for, 61.
"Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh," Layard, 176.
Djushaghan rugs, characteristic palmette of, 39; description, 59.
Dog, symbolism of, 161.
Dove, symbolism of, 158.
Dowry, girls weave rugs for, 26, 132.
Dragon, symbolism of, 157.
Dragon and Phoenix, symbolism of, 157.
Dragon with five claws on each of its four feet, symbolism of, 157.
Dresser, Charles, 176.
Duck, symbolism of, 157.
Dunlap, Mrs. Robert, rug owned by, 117 (plate).
Dupont, French weaver, 141.
Durability of fine Persian rugs, 54; of Kurdish rugs, 79.
Durham, power looms in, 24.
Durrie, _see_ Dhurrie, Indian.
Duties, Persian system of collecting, 55; on rugs, 56.
Dyes, 18, 44-46, 98, 139, 147.
E
Eagle, symbolism of, 158, 160.
Eagle, descending, symbolism of, 160.
Eagle, flying, symbolism of, 160.
Eagle, standing, symbolism of, 160.
"Early Christian Symbolism," Allen, 175.
Earnings of weavers, 27, 28, 82.
"Earth and Its Inhabitants, The," Reclus, 177.
East Turkestan place-names, 165.
"Eastern Carpets," Robinson, 177.
Edwards, Amelia, 176.
Egg, symbolism of, 158.
"Egypt after the War," Stuart, 178.
"Egypt: Three Essays on the History, Art, and Religion," Brummer, 175.
"Egyptian Art," Ryan, 177.
"Egyptian Belief and Modern Thought," Bonnick, 175.
Egyptian wall-paintings of weavers, 16, 17; ancient rug-weaving, 18, 22; symbolic colors, 47; substitution of woven rugs for skins, 51; modern rugs, 51; factory, 51; imported rugs, 52; symbols, 158, 159.
Egypto-Chaldean designs in modern rugs, 19.
Eleanora introduced tapestries into England, 138.
Elephant, symbolism of, 161.
El-Hosn, 169, 171.
Elkins, Joseph, D.D., 176.
Ellore, 160, 171.
Ellore, rugs, 91.
Ely, Talfourd, 176.
"Emblems of Saints," Fusenbeth, 176.
Emmaus's "Life of Ancient Egypt," 176.
"Encyclopædia of the Industrial Arts, Manufactures, and Raw Commercial Products," Spon's, 177.
English interests in India, 35; in Amritsar, 90.
English rugs, 138-140 (and plate).
English rug-weaving centres, 24.
Enzeli, 167, 171.
Erivan, 168, 171.
Ersari Goklan tribe, 98.
Ersari tribe of upper Oxus, 101.
Erzerum, 169, 171.
Europe, introduction of rug-weaving into, 20; use of rugs at _fêtes_, 20; imports looms into Turkey, 24; demand for rugs since 1850, 54; factories to supply trade with, 57; interest in Ouchak industry, 81.
Evans, E. P., 176.
Evergreens, symbolism of, 161.
Experts can determine where rug was made, 55.
Export trade (Persian) in rugs, 55, 56.
Eye of Osiris, symbolism of, 158.
F
Faber, George Stanley, 176.
Factories, rug-weaving, 26, 38, 51, 56, 57, 69, 70, 90, 119.
Fakeh, 169, 171.
Fars, designs peculiar to, 37; modern rug-weaving district, 55; value of rug trade, 56; rugs exported from, 68; meaning of _Fars_, 162; spelling, 167, 171.
Farsistan (Province), 167.
Feather of an ostrich, symbolism of, 158.
Feathers of rare birds, symbolism of, 158.
Felt rugs, 126, 127.
Felts, Chinese, 114.
Feraghan, 167, 171.
Feraghan rugs, characteristic designs of, 40, 42, 43; description, 59; plate, 62.
Ferghana (Province), 168.
Fergusson, James, 176.
_Fêtes_, rugs used as decorations during, 20.
Fez, 134.
Fir cone, symbolism of, 161.
Fire-worshippers of Yezd, 70.
Flat stitch, in Soumak and Khilim rugs, 34, 117.
Flax, 30.
Flemish weavers, 138.
Floor-coverings and awnings, ancient, 19.
Floral designs in Indian rugs, 88; in Jaipur rugs, 91.
Fly, symbolism of, 161.
Flying eagle, symbolism of, 160.
"Folk Lore of China, The," Denny, 175.
France, rug-weaving introduced by Saracens, 20; silk industry in, 123; place-names, 169.
French rugs, 141, 142.
Fringe on rugs intended for hanging, 99.
Frog, symbolism of, 158.
Fu-Chan, 171.
Fu-Chau, 162, 165.
Fusenbeth, F. C., D.D., 176.
Fylfot design, 42, 148, 159.
G
Gask, 167.
Gauls, red favorite color of, 48.
Gäzne, 165.
Gemerik, 169, 171.
Genghis Khan, 100.
Genghis rugs, 100.
Geometrical designs replace floral in India, 88.
Germantown yarn used in Navajo rugs, 147.
Germany, rug-weaving in, 142.
Ghain, 167.
Ghayn, 167.
Ghazni, 165, 171.
Ghilan, silk trade in, 124; spelling, 167, 171.
Ghileem rugs, _see_ Khilim rugs.
Ghiordes, 169, 171.
Ghiordes knotting, 34, 35.
Ghiordes panel in Meles prayer rug, 80.
Ghiordes rugs, 41, 74 (plate), 75, 78, 122.
Ghiordium, 75.
Gilan, 163, 167.
Goa, 166, 171.
Goats replace sheep in rocky regions, 72; raised by Turkomans, 98.
Gobelins manufactory, 141.
"Goddess of silkworms," 123.
Gold warp used for antique Persian rugs, 53; in state rugs of India, 89; in Polish rugs, 119; in Chinese silk rugs, 124.
Goodyear, William H., 176.
Goose, symbolism of, 157.
Gorakhpur, 166, 171.
Gordis, 169.
Gordus, 169.
Görevan rugs, 60.
Gorukpore, 166.
Gourd, symbolism of, 157.
"Grammar of Ornament, The," Jones, 176.
"Grammar of the Lotus, The," Goodyear, 176.
Grant, Mrs. Frederick D., rug owned by, 90.
Graves, custom of hanging rugs over, 20.
Great Britain, power looms in, 24, 25; rug manufacture in, 138.
Great Rug in the Palace of Chehel Sitoon, Ispahan, 95.
Greece, rug-weaving in, 19; swastika design in rugs of, 43; saffron favorite color in, 48; silk-weaving in, 123; ancient and modern rugs of, 132, 133; place-names, 170.
"Greek and Roman Antiquities," Smith, 177.
Greek Christian weavers, 71; in Hereke, 76.
Green dyes, how produced, 45; symbolism of, 47, 48; used though forbidden by law, 81.
Guendje rugs, 100, 101.
Guli Hinnai design, 43, 60.
Gulistan, 163, 165, 171.
Gundava, 165, 171.
Gürdiz, 169.
H
Haidamoor, 169, 171.
Haidamur rugs, 111, 112.
Haidarabad rugs, 91.
Haiderabad, 163, 166, 171.
Hair, lock of, woven in Kis Khilims, 118.
Hakkam, 169, 171.
Halifax, power looms in, 24.
Hamadam, 171.
Hamadan, 55, 56, 58, 59, 167.
Hamadan rugs, 60 (plate), 61.
"Hand Atlas of India," Constable, 175.
Hand looms, 22.
"Handbook of Ornament," Meyer, 177.
Hang-chau, 165, 171.
Hangings, rugs used as, 16, 55.
Hare, symbolism of, 161.
Havermeyer, late H. O., rug owned by estate of, 114 (plate).
Hawk, symbolism of, 158.
Hay, Mr., owner of Theban rug, 17.
Hayzoor, 169, 172.
Heart, symbolism of, 161.
Hedin, Sven, 176.
Hemp, 30, 81.
Herat, 59, 61, 87,95, 163, 165, 172.
Herat design in Great Rug, 95.
Herat rugs, 40, 42, 61.
Herati border, 40, 59, 61, 64, 69, 117.
Hereke, 169.
Hereke rugs, 76.
Herez, 58, 60, 167, 172.
Herez rugs, 62.
Hindoo designs, 88; religious abstinence from sheep flesh, 88.
Hippopotamus, symbolism of, 161.
Hissan, 172.
Hissar, 168, 169, 172.
"History of Ancient Art," Lübke, 176.
"History of Ancient Art," Reber, 177.
"History of Art among the Greeks," Winkleman, 178.
"History of Art in Ancient Egypt," Perrot and Chipiez, 177.
"History of Art in Chaldea and Assyria," Perrot and Chipiez, 177.
"History of Bokhara," Vámbéry, 178.
"History of Painting," Van Dyke, 178.
"History of Persia," Malcom, 176.
Hog, symbolism of, 161.
Holland, rug-weaving in, 142.
Holt, George Hubbard, rugs owned by, 95 (plate), 122 (plate).
Holy Land, rugs of the, 111, 112.
Homs, 169, 172.
Hooked rugs, New England, 143, 144.
Hossu, 169.
Hounds, symbolism of, 160.
Hulme, F. Edward, 176.
Human figure introduced into design, 67.
Hunting rugs, Persian, 124 (plate), 128.
Hyderabad, 166.
I
Ibis, symbolism of, 158.
"Iconographic Encyclopædia of the Arts and Sciences," 176.
"Illumination," Westwood, 178.
Import duties to United States on rugs, 56.
"In the Forbidden Land," Landor, 176.
India, looms used in, 23, 82 (plate); weavers, 26; superstitions among weavers, 29; wool from, 30; rugs woven of pashim, 30; rugs of various knottings, 35; firms having factories in, 35; Occidental designs introduced into, 38; use of talims in, 39; raises madder, 44; symbolism of colors, 48; of designs, 159; place-names, 166.
Indian designers, 32 (plate).
"Indian Industries," James, 176.
Indian rugs, 78 (plate), 87-94; _see under_ India.
Indicum, _see_ Indigo.
Indigo, 45-47.
_Indigofera tinctoria_, Indian indigo plant, 46.
"Industrial Arts of India, The," Birdwood, 175.
"Industrial Arts of the Nineteenth Century," Wyatt, 178.
Industrial Museum at Berlin, rug in collection of, 154.
Inman, Thomas, M.D., 176.
Inscriptions on rugs, 70, 124 (plate), 153-155.
Irak, 167.
Irak-Ajemi province, 64, 69, 167, 172.
Iran (Persia), 62.
Islamabad, 163.
Ispahan, 55, 95, 121, 163, 167, 172.
Ispahan rugs, 62.
Istalif, 165, 172.
Italy, rug-weaving introduced by Saracens, 20; silk culture in, 123.
J
Jabalpur, 166, 172.
Jails, rugs woven in, 78 (plate), 88, 90.
Jaipur, 166, 172.
Jaipur rugs, 91.
Jalal-ud-Din Mahomed, 87.
Jalandhar, 166, 172.
James, A. G. F. Eliot, 176.
Jammu, 166, 172.
Jamu, 166.
Japanese looms, 24; rugs, 116; symbols, 160; place-names, 167.
Jelalabad, 165, 172.
Jerusalem, 163, 169, 172.
Jewish legend of invention of spinning and weaving, 16.
Jeypore, 166.
Jhalawan (District), 165, 172.
Jodhpur, 166.
Jones, Owen, 176.
Joohpur, 172.
_Journal of the Society of Arts_, 176.
"Journeys in Persia and Kurdistan," Bishop, 175.
Jubbulpore, 166.
Jubbulpur, 166.
Jug, symbolism of, 161.
Jullinder, 166.
Jute, 30, 116.
K
Kabistan rugs, 106.
Kabul, 95, 165, 172.
Kabul sheep, 30.
Kain, 167, 172.
Kairouan, 169, 172.
Kairuan, 135.
Kaisarieh, 169, 172.
Kandahar, 163, 165, 172.
Karabacek, Dr. Joseph, 176.
Karabagh province, 63; meaning of _Karabagh_, 163; spelling, 168, 172.
Karabagh rugs, 106.
Kara Dagh rugs, 63; meaning of _Kara Dagh_, 163; spelling, 167.
Kara-Geuz rugs, 77.
Karahissar, 169, 172.
Karajah Dagh, 71.
Karaman rugs, 77; spelling, 169, 172.
Karamanian rugs, 117.
Karashar, 165, 172.
Kars, 168, 172.
Kashan, 125, 167, 172.
Kashgar, 165, 172.
Kashgar rugs, 101, 103.
Kashmir, capital of, 93; spelling, 166, 172.
Kashmir shawls and rugs, 89, 108.
Kashmir wool, 30.
Kazak rugs, 106, 107, 108 (plate).
Kazan, 168, 172.
Kchatchli rugs, _see_ Khalatch rugs.
Kelat, 163, 165, 172.
Kelim rugs, _see_ Khilim rugs.
Kerkuk, 169, 172.
Kermanshah rugs, 63; spelling, 167, 172.
Kermanshahan, 167.
Kermes, red dye, 45.
Khalatch rugs, 101.
Khalatch tribe, 101.
Khilim rugs, 34, 117 (and plate), 118.
Khiva, 103, 168, 172.
Khiva rugs, 100, 102.
Khokand, 168.
Khonsar, 167, 172.
Khora-mabad, 167, 172.
Khorasan (Province), 167.
Khorassan province, 55, 56, 64, 95; meaning of _Khorassan_, 163; spelling, 167, 172.
Khorassan rugs, 40, 42, 56 (plate), 64, 66.
Khorsabad, 169, 172.
Khotan silk rugs, 124; felt rugs, 126.
Khozdar, 165, 172.
Khuzistan, 167, 172.
Khyrpur, 166, 172.
Kiang-su, 165, 172.
Kidderminster, power looms in, 24.
Kilim rugs, _see_ Khilim rugs.
Kioto, 167, 172.
Kirman, modern rug-weaving district, 55; value of rug trade, 56; spelling, 167, 172.
Kirman rugs, 64, 120 (plate).
Kirmanshah rugs, 41.
Kir-Shehr rugs, 77; spelling, 169, 172.
Kis Khilims, 117.
Knight, Richard Payne, 176.
Knot and flower design, symbolism of, 159.
Knots and knotting, 23, 32, 34-36, 93.
Kohat, 166, 172.
Kokand, 168, 172.
Konieh rugs, 78; spelling, 169, 172.
Kotah, 166, 172.
Koula, 169.
Kuba, 106, 168, 172.
Kucha, 165, 172.
Kuchan, 167.
Kulah rugs, 78, 80, 122; spelling, 169, 172.
Kurdish rug design represented in ancient Nineveh, 17.
Kurdish rugs, wool used in, 65; woven by girls and women, 78; durability and colors, 79; mihrab in, 117.
Kurdistan, modern rug-weaving district, 55; nomadic tribes of Western, 87; spelling 167, 168, 172.
Kurdistan rugs, characteristic designs of 40; value of trade in, 56; descriptions, 65, 78.
Kurds, nomadic tribes, 65, 71.
Kushmore, 166, 172.
Kutahia rugs, 79; spelling, 169, 172.
Kutai, 169.
Kutayah, 169.
Kwatah, 163, 165.
L
Ladik rugs, 79; spelling, 169, 173.
Lahore, 166, 173.
Landor, A. Henry Savage, 176.
Laodicea, 79, 122.
Lar, 167, 173.
Largest rug woven, 95.
Laristan province, 66, 167, 173.
Laristan rugs, 66.
Layard, Austen Henry, 176.