chapter i

, pp. 216, 250. The first page makes no mention of

the "simplicity."

[36] The sidenote reference to San Antonio is to his Chronicas, volume i, p. 103.

[37] A sidenote reference is to San Agustin's Conquistas, pp. 216, 224, 292.

[38] See Vol. II, p. 59, note 22.

[39] Sidenote reference: San Agustin, ut supra, p. 292.

[40] Sidenote reference: San Agustin, p. 250.

[41] Sidenote references: Father Fray Marcelo de Ribadeneyra, in his Historia, folio 84; father Fray Juan Francisco de San Antonio in his Chronicas, volume i, folio 20.

[42] Murillo Velarde (folio 123 verso, no. 306) records that two Jesuits were sent to Mindoro to work in the field of the seculars in 1640. Juan de Polanco, O.P., notes that about 1645 there were four or five Jesuits in Mindoro who worked among the people of the uplands (see Pastells's edition of Colin's Labor evangélica, iii, p. 735). San Antonio notes (i, p. 203) Jesuit residences in the jurisdiction of Mindoro.

[43] A sidenote reference is to nos. 400, 715, ante.

[44] Our author refers in a sidenote to San Antonio, i, p. 207.

[45] A sidenote reference is to folio 80 of Joseph Sicardo's Christiandad del Japon, ... Memorias sacras de los martyres de las ilustres religiones ... con especialdad, de los religiosos del orden de S. Augustin (Madrid, 1698).

[46] A sidenote refers to Santa Theresa, no. 740 ff.

[47] A sidenote refers to San Antonio, i, p. 207. The present total population of Mindoro (according to the Census of the Philippines ii, p. 407) is 28,361, of which the civilized or Christian people number 21,097. The native peoples include Bicols, Ilocanos, Mangyans, Painpangans, Pangasináns, Tagálogs, Visayans, and Zambals. The wild people are all Mangyans.

[48] See ante, note 47. See also the Census of the Philippines (i, pp. 472, 473, 547, 548), which says that the Mangyans are probably a mixture of Negritos with other native peoples, and possibly some slight infusion of white blood in some localities.

[49] The reference is to I Corinthians iii, 6.

[50] A sidenote here refers to nos. 32-38 ante.

[51] The original refers at this point to Luis de Jesús, folios 36, 42 ff.

[52] A sidenote reference is to Santa Theresa, no. 740 ff.

[53] A sidenote reference is to San Antonio, i, p. 215.

[54] The present population of the island of Romblón is 9,347, all civilized. This must be differentiated from the province of Romblón, which contains a number of islands, and has a population of 52,848. The Calamianes or Culión group is located in the southwestern part of the archipelago between Mindoro and Paragua between lat. 11° 39' and 12° 20' N., and long. 119° 47' and 120° 23' E., or a sea area of 1,927 square miles. This group consists of well over 100 islands, islets, and mere rocks, many of them unnamed. The largest islands in the group are Busuanga, Calamian, and Linacapan. The population of Calamianes is given as follows for a number of years: 1876, 16,403; 1885, 21,573; 1886, 17,594; 1887, 16,016; 1888, 14,739; 1889, 16,876; 1891, 18,391; 1892, 18,053; 1893, 19,292; 1894, 18,540; 1895, 16,186; 1896, 15,620; 1897, 15,661; 1898, 14,283. While the falling off in later years may be accounted for possibly by the movements of population during the insurrectionary period, it must be assumed that the returns for the earlier years are incorrect, for they would not naturally vary so greatly from year to year. See U. S. Philippine Gazetteer, pp. 412-415; and Census of the Philippines, ii, pp. 197, 198, 405; and iii, pp. 12-16.

[55] A sidenote refers to Santa Theresa, no. 1228.

[56] Tomás Antonio Manrique de la Cerda, conde de Paredes, marqués de la Laguna, and knight of the Order of Alcantára, took office as viceroy of Mexico, November 30, 1680. The chief events of his term were the piratical raids, chiefly by French corsairs. His residencia was taken in 1686, and about two years later he returned to Spain. See Bancroft's Mexico, iii, pp. 190-207.

[57] The island of Masbate has an area of 1,236 square miles. It is mountainous, the mean elevation ranging from 2,000 to 2,500 feet. Its present total population is 29,451, all civilized, and the great majority Visayan. See Census of the Philippines, i, p. 66, ii, pp. 30, 392, 407.

[58] Ticao belongs to the present province of Masbate. It is very small, containing an area of only 121 square miles. In shape it is long and narrow, and not of great elevation. Its present population is 10,183. The chief known occupation is agriculture. See ut supra, i, p. 66, ii, p. 30.

[59] The same general description as that of Ticao fits Burías. Like that island, it also belongs to the province of Masbate. Its area is 197 square miles, and its population 1,627. See ut supra, i, p. 66, ii, p. 30.

[60] Sidenotes at this point refer to San Agustin's Conquistas,

## book ii, chapter i , p. 215; book iii,