Part 69

Arch·dea¶con (?), n. [AS. arcediacon, archidiacon, L. archidiaconus, fr. Gr. ?. See ArchÏ, pref., and Deacon.] In England, an ecclesiastical dignitary, next in rank below a bishop, whom he assists, and by whom he is appointed, though with independent authority. Blackstone. Arch·dea¶conÏry, n. The district, office, or residence of an archdeacon. See Benefice. Every diocese is divided into archdeaconries. Blackstone. Arch·dea¶conÏship, n. The office of an archdeacon. Arch·di¶oÏcese (?), n. [Pref. archÏ + diocese.] The diocese of an archbishop. Arch·du¶cal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an archduke or archduchy. Arch·duch¶ess (?), n. [Pref. archÏ + duchess.] The consort of an archduke; also, a princess of the imperial family of Austria. See Archduke. Arch·duch¶y, n. The territory of an archduke or archduchess. Ash. Arch·duke¶ (?), n. [Pref. archÏ + duke.] A prince of the imperial family of Austria. µ Formerly this title was assumed by the rulers of Lorraine, Brabant, Austria, etc. It is now appropriated to the descendants of the imperial family of Austria through the make line, all such male descendants being styled archduke, and all such female descendants archduchesses. Arch·duke¶dom (?), n. An archduchy. Ø Ar·cheÏbiÏo¶sis (?), n. [Pref. archeÏ ? archiÏ + Gr. ?, ?, life.] To origination of living matter from nonÐliving. See Abiogenesis. Bastian. Arched (?), a. Made with an arch or curve; covered with an arch; as, an arched door. Ar·cheÏgo¶niÏal (?), a. Relating to the archegonium. Ø Ar·cheÏgo¶niÏum (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ? the first of a race.] (Bot.) The pistillidium or female organ in the higher cryptogamic plants, corresponding to the pistil in flowering plants. ArÏcheg¶oÏny (?), n. [See Archegonium.] (Biol.) Spontaneous generation; abiogenesis. ArÏchel¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? an element or first principle + Ïlogy.] The science of, or a treatise on, first principles. Fleming. Ø Ar·chenÏceph¶aÏla (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. pref. ? + ? the brain.] (Zo”l.) The division that includes man alone. R. Owen. Arch·en¶eÏmy (?), n. [Pref. archÏ = enemy.] A principal enemy. Specifically, Satan, the grand adversary of mankind. Milton. Arch·enÏter¶ic (?), a. (Biol.) Relating ? the archenteron; as, archenteric invagination. Ø Arch·en¶terÏon , n. [Pref. archÏ + Gr. ? intestine.] (Biol.) The primitive enteron or undifferentiated digestive sac of a gastrula or other embryo. See Illust. under Invagination. Ar·cheÏol¶oÏgy (?), n., Ar·cheÏoÏlog·icÏal (?), a. Same as Arch‘ology, etc. Arch¶er (?), n. [OF. archier, F. archer, LL. arcarius, fr. L. arcus bow. See Arc, Arch, n.] A bowman, one skilled in the use of the bow and arrow. Arch¶erÏess (?), n. A female archer. Markham. Arch¶er fish· (?). (Zo”l.) A small fish (Toxotes jaculator), of the East Indies; Ð so called from ?? ejecting drops of water from its mouth at its prey. The name is also applied to Ch‘todon rostratus. Arch¶erÏship, n. The art or skill of an archer. Arch¶erÏy (?), n. [OE. archerie.] 1. The use of the bow and arrows in battle, hunting, etc.; the art, practice, or skill of shooting with a bow and arrows. 2. Archers, or bowmen, collectively. Let all our archery fall off In wings of shot aÐboth sides of the van. Webster (1607). Arch¶es (?), pl. of Arch, n. Court of ÷, or ÷ Court (Eng. Law), the court of appeal of the Archbishop of Canterbury, whereof the judge, who sits as deputy to the archbishop, is called the Dean of the Arches, because he anciently held his court in the church of St. MaryÐleÐBow (de arcubus). It is now held in Westminster. Mozley & W. Ar¶cheÏty·pal (?), a. Of or pertaining to an archetype; consisting a model (real or ideal) or pattern; original. ½One archetypal mind.¸ Gudworth. µ Among Platonists, the archetypal world is the world as it existed as an idea of God before the creation. Ar¶cheÏty·palÏly, adv. With reference to the archetype; originally. ½Parts archetypally distinct.½ Dana. Ar¶cheÏtype (?), n. [L. archetypum, Gr. ?, fr. ? stamped first and as model; ? ? + ? stamp, figure, pattern, ? to strike: cf. F. arch‚type. See ArchÏ, pref.] 1. The original pattern or model of a work; or the model from which a thing is made or formed. The House of Commons, the archetype of all the representative assemblies which now meet. Macaulay. Types and shadows of that glorious archetype that was to come into the world. South. 2. (Coinage) The standard weight or coin by which others are adjusted. 3. (Biol.) The plan or fundamental structure on which a natural group of animals or plants or their systems of organs are assumed to have been constructed; as, the vertebrate archetype. Ar·cheÏtyp¶icÏal (?), a. Relating to an archetype; archetypal. Ø ArÏche¶us (?), n. [LL. arch?us, Gr. ? ancient, primeval, fr. ? beginning. See ArchiÏ, pref.] The vital principle or force which (according to the Paracelsians) presides over the growth and continuation of living beings; the anima mundi or plastic power of the old philosophers. [Obs.] Johnson. Ar¶chiÏ (?). [L., archiÏ, Gr. ?, a prefix which is from the same root as ? to be first, to begin; ? the first place, beginning; ? chief. Cf. AS. arceÏ, erceÏ, OHG. erziÏ.] A prefix signifying chief, arch; as, architect, archiepiscopal. In Biol. and Anat. it usually means primitive, original, ancestral; as, archipterygium, the primitive fin or wing. Ø Ar·chiÏanÏnel¶iÏda (?), n. pl. [NL.; pref. archiÏ + annelida.] (Zo”l.) A group of Annelida remarkable for having no external segments or distinct ventral nerve ganglions. Ar¶chiÏa·ter (?), n. [L. archiatrus, Gr. ?; pref. ? + ? physician, ? to heal.] Chief physician; Ð a term applied, on the continent of Europe, to the first or body physician of princes and to the first physician of some cities. P. Cyc. Ø Ar·chiÏblas¶tuÏla (?), n. [Pref. archi + blastula.] (Biol.) A hollow blastula, supposed to be the primitive form; a c?loblastula. Ar¶chiÏcal (?), a. [Gr. ? able to govern, fr. ? beginning, government. See ArchÏ, pref.] Chief; primary; primordi?.] [Obs.] Cudworth. Ar·chiÏdiÏac¶oÏnal (?), a. [L. archidiaconus, Gr. ?, equiv. to E. archdeacon.] Of or pertaining to an archdeacon. This offense is liable to be censured in an archidiaconal visitation. Johnson. Ar·chiÏeÏpis¶coÏpaÏcy (?), n. [Pref. archiÏ + episcopacy.] 1. That form of episcopacy in which the chief power is in the hands of archbishops. 2. The state or dignity of an archbishop. Ar·chiÏeÏpis¶coÏpal (?), a. [Pref. archiÏ + episcopal.] Of or pertaining to an archbishop; as, Canterbury is an archiepiscopal see. Ar·chiÏeÏpis·coÏpal¶iÏty (?), n. The station or dignity of an archbishop; archiepiscopacy. Fuller. Ar·chiÏeÏpis¶coÏpate (?), n. [Pref. archiÏ + episcopate.] The office of an archbishop; an archbishopric. Ø ArÏchi¶eÏrey (?), n. [Russ. archier‚i, fr. Gr. ?; pref. ? (E. archÏ) + µ priest.] The higher order of clergy in Russia, including metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops. Pinkerton. Ar¶chil (?; 277), n. [OF. orchel, orcheil, It. orcella, oricello, or OSp. orchillo. Cf. Orchil.] 1. A viole?dye obtained from several species of lichen (Roccella tinctoria, etc.), which grow on maritime rocks in the Canary and Cape Verd Islands, etc. Tomlinson. 2. The plant from which the dye is obtained. [Written also orchal and orchil.] Ar·chiÏlo¶chiÏan (?), a. [L. Archilochius.] Of or pertaining to the satiric Greek poet Archilochus; as, Archilochian meter. Ar¶chiÏmage (?), Ø Ar·chiÏma¶gus (?), } n. [NL.; pref. archiÏ + L. magus, Gr. ?, a Magian.] 1. The high priest of the Persian Magi, or worshipers of fire. 2. A great magician, wizard, or enchanter. Spenser. Ar·chiÏman¶drite (?), n. [L. archimandrita, LGr. ?; pref. ? (E. archÏ) + ? an inclosed space, esp. for cattle, a fold, a monastery.] (Gr. Church) (a) A chief of a monastery, corresponding to abbot in the Roman Catholic church. (b) A superintendent of several monasteries, corresponding to superior abbot, or father provincial, in the Roman Catholic church. Ar·chiÏmeÏde¶an (?), a. [L. Archimedeus.] Of or pertaining to Archimedes, a celebrated Greek philosopher; constructed on the principle of Archimedes' screw; as, Archimedean drill, propeller, etc. ÷ screw, or Archimedes' screw, an instrument, said to have been invented by Archimedes, for raising water, formed by winding a flexible tube round a cylinder in the form of a screw. When the screw is placed in an inclined position, and the lower end immersed in water, by causing the screw to revolve, the water is raised to the upper end. Francis. Ø Ar·chiÏme¶des (?), n. (Paleon.) An extinct genus of Bryzoa characteristic of the subcarboniferous rocks. Its form is that of a screw. Arch¶ing (?), n. 1. The arched part of a structure. 2. (Naut.) Hogging; Ð opposed to sagging. Ar·chiÏpeÏlag¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to an archipelago. Ar·chiÏpel¶aÏgo , n.; pl. Ïgoes or Ïgos (?). [It. arcipelago, properly, chief sea; Gr. pref ? + ? sea, perh. akin to ? blow, and expressing the beating of the waves. See Plague.] 1. The Grecian Archipelago, or ’gean Sea, separating Greece from Asia Minor. It is studded with a vast number of small islands. 2. Hence: Any sea or broad sheet of water interspersed with many islands or with a group of islands.

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