M.

MacDonnell, Australia, petroglyphs in, 161

Machias bay, Maine, rock inscriptions at, 34

Machiasport, Maine, petroglyphs in, 81-83

Madeira and Mamoré rivers, Brazil, petroglyphs on, 152-155

Magiguadavic river, Maine, rock carvings on, 32

Mahadeo, Hindu god, worship of, 196-198

Maine, work on pictographs in, XII petroglyphs in, 81-83

Malay natives, tattooing of, 412

Malecite Indians, birch-bark pictographs of, XII-XIII

Mallery, Garrick, work of, XII-XIII, XVIII notice and summary of paper on picture writing by, XXVI-XXX paper on picture writing of the American Indians by, 1-807

Mandan Indians, oracle stone of, 32 tribal designations of, 385 signs of exploit worn by warriors of, 436 decorative painting of body by, 619-620

Mangaia, tattooing in, 413

Manitoba, petroglyphs in, 43-44

Manti, Utah, petroglyphs at, 117-118

Maori Indians, genealogical board of, 228

Maryland, petroglyphs in, 83-86

Maco manuscript, 673-674

Many, pictograph for, 596

Mason, Charles S., drawings furnished by, 77

Massachusetts, petroglyphs in, 86-87

Materials by which pictographs are made, 218-222

Mato-Sapa (Black Bear), chart made by, 268

Matthews, Washington, cited, 210 on ceremonial use of colors by Navajo, 623

Maya Indians, gesture signs of, 645-647 symbolic characters of, 645 written characters of, 756

McCall’s Ferry, Pennsylvania, petroglyphs at, 108

McChesney, Charles E., account of battle of Little Bighorn by, 563

McWhorter, L. V., petroglyphs reported by, 126

Meath county, Ireland, cairn in, 171-172

Medicine-arrow, pictographs of, 503

Medicine-man, pictographs of, 463, 464, 466

Megaque’s last battle, 560-561

Menomoni Indians, myth of, 481 grave posts of, 521-522

Merriam, C. Hart, petroglyph photographed by, 61

Merriam, Col. Henry C., petroglyphs described by, 122-123

Message sticks, 369-371

Meteors, pictographs of, 722-724

Mexican Emperor Ahuitzotzin, pictograph for, 134-135

Mexican Indians, method of preparing accounts by, 264 military insignia of, 431-432 personal names of, 460 mythic figure of (Ahuitzotl), 488 superstition of, 500 customs of, pictographically illustrated, 542-547 hieroglyphic record of, 567 ideographic illustration of small-pox by, 589 ideographic illustration of snow by, 606 symbols of, 613-614, 644 symbolic colors for cardinal points, 625 color in the codices of, 636 conventional pictograph of, 656

Mexican and Central American pictorial writing, 665

Mexico, petroglyphs in, 131-136 Aztec inscription from, 133-134

Micmac Indians, work on pictographs of, XII birch-bark pictographs by, 201 rock scratchings of, imitated, 218 notice of direction by, 341 pictographs of fishing by, 530-531 tribal emblems of, 379 insignia dress and masks of, 424-429 medicine lodges of, 509-511 mourning colors of, 629 hieroglyphics of, 666-671 catechism of, 667-668 Lord’s prayer, as written by, 669 various printed words of, 670

Middleton, James D., work of, XI petroglyphs reported by, 80, 81

Midé lodges, ceremonies of, 508

Mide rites, birch-bark roll of, 202-203

Midē'wiwin, or Grand Medicine Society of the Ojibwa, investigated, XIII ceremonial chant of, 232-246 migration record of, 566, 567

Millsboro, Pennsylvania, petroglyphs at, 110

Minabozho, tradition of, 252

Mindeleff, Cosmos, work of, XXII-XXIII

Mindeleff, Victor, work of, XVII, XXI, XXII description of Pueblo prayer ceremonies by, 511 on ceremonial use of colors by Pueblo Indians, 622

Minitari, Gros Ventre, or Hidatsa tribal designations, 384

Minneconjou myth, 482

Minnesota, petroglyphs in, 87-90

Minnesota valley, traditions concerning rock inscriptions in, 34

Mississippi river, signals of peace by Indians on, 361

Mnemonic picture writing, 223-264

Moghar, Algeria, petroglyphs at, 178-180

Modoc women, tattoo of, 406

Modoc war color, 631

Mojave desert, California, petroglyph in, 61

Mohave Indians, inscriptions by, 95 pigments used by, 221 tattoo of women of, 406 painting of body by, 620

Moki Indians, notices on rocks by, 329-330 mythic drawings by, 488, 506 ceremonial by priests of, 512 ceremonial use of colors by, 623-624, 628 conventional device of, for rain and symbol of Aloseka, 662 gesture signs of, 643 devices of, 746 748

Mongols, magic drums of, 514-517

Montana, pictured rocks in, 90

Mooney, James, work of, XV-XVI, XIX, XXI petroglyphs reported by, 99 pictograph described by, 208 on use of colors by Cherokees, 624, 634

Morgantown, West Virginia, petroglyphs near, 124-125

Mormons, petroglyph near Manti, Utah, as interpreted by, 118

Mortuary practices, 517-527

Mosher, Lieut., petroglyphs reported by, 51

Mosman, Mrs. A. T., clay articles loaned by, XXII

Mound canyon, Arizona, petroglyphs in, 51

Mound explorations, work in, X-XI, XXII

Much, pictograph for, 596

Muskhogean bibliography, work on, XX

Muskoki Indians, numeration marks of, 258

Myths and mythic animals pictured, 468-490

N.

Naqómqilis (Wakashan) Indians, pictographs by, 213

Najowe valley, California, petroglyphs in, 65-68

Nambé, New Mexico, petroglyph at, 98

Names, Indian personal, work on, XIX

Nasquapees of Labrador, notices of direction, etc. by, 340 birch bark, letter by, 341

Natchez Indians, method of recording appointment by, 257 declaration of war by, 358 ceremonial use of color by, 628

Navajo Indians, work among, XVIII sand paintings of, 210-211 ceremonial use of colors by, 623-624

Nebraska, petroglyphs in, 90-92

Negation, gesture sign for, 644

Nelson, E. W., petroglyphs described by, 60-61

Nevada, petroglyphs in, 92-96

Newark, Ohio, fraudulent inscribed stones from, 760

Newark Track rock, Ohio, 101-102

New Brunswick, work in, XII-XIII

New Caledonia, drawings from, 743

Newcombe, Cyrus F., petroglyphs reported by, 72

New Guinea, tattooing of Papuans in, 411-412 scarification in, 417 mourning colors used in, 630

New Hebrides, tattooing in, 418

New Mexico, petroglyphs in, 96-98, 353, 682

New York, petroglyphs in, 98-99

New Zealand, petroglyphs in, 165-167 tattooing in, 409-410 grave effigies in, 525-526 religious and ceremonial use of color in, 627-628 wood carvings in, 685-686

Nez Percé vocabulary obtained, XIV

Nicaragua, petroglyphs in, 141, 686

Nicobarese mortuary tablet, 527

Night, signs and symbols for, 699-700

Nikari-Karu Indians of Guiana, mnemonic device of, 226

Nipigon bay, Ontario, pictograph on, 42-43

Nootka or Aht Indians, at Vancouver island, British Columbia, 44 legend of, 44 tattoo of, 407

Normocs, tattoo of, 407

Norris, P. W., petroglyphs reported by, 87, 125 pictographs obtained by, 459

North America, petroglyphs in, 37-140 tattoo in, 392-407

North Carolina, linguistic work in, XV-XVI petroglyphs in, 99-101 war color of Indians in, 632

Notched or marked sticks, 227-228

Notices, pictographic forms of, 329-357

Nova Scotia, work on pictographs in, XII petroglyphs in, 37-42

Numeration, 258-259

Nye county, Nevada, inscribed rock in, 94

O.

Oakley spring, Arizona, petroglyphs at, 329-330

Obscure, pictograph for, 597

Oceanica, petroglyphs in, 165-171

Odanah, Ojibwa village, Wisconsin, 126

Oglala, Dakota, individual designation of, 424

Oglala roster, 420-424 description and history of, 420-421 pictographs from, 641, 642, 652

Ohio, petroglyphs in, 101-104

Ojibwa Indians, work among, XIII concentric circles used as symbols by, 199-200 hieroglyphic writing of, 202 pictographs on copper by, 212-213 birch-bark pictographs of, 213 instruments for birch-bark pictographs used by, 218 instruments for drawing on wood used by, 219 wampum belt of, 230 ceremonial songs of, 232-250 songs of Midēwiwin, 232-246 song for Metai or medicine hunting, 246-250 musical notation of, 250 Midē records of, 252-255 tradition of, concerning origin of Indians, 255-256 birch-bark record of treaty by, 256-257 notice of direction used by, 337-338 illustration of battlefield by, 342 topographic signs employed by, 345 notice of condition by, 347 notice of warning by, 353 declaration of peace by, 360 letter-writing by, 362-363 invitation sticks of, and ceremony of invitation and acceptance, 365-366 summons to Midē ceremony of, 367 tribal designation of, 385 tattooing of women of, 395 shamanism of, 466-467, 474, 475, 495-496 manidos, or spirits, illustrated by, 480 mythic wild cats illustrated by, 481-482 thunder-birds represented by, 487 hunting records of, 532, 538 records of battle by, 556-557, 559-660 record of migration of, 566-567 biographical record of, 577-578 ideographic illustrations by, 586-605 Bad, 586; sickness, 590; fear, 591; great, 596; see, 601; cold, snow, 605. ceremonial use of colors by, 626-627 conventional devices of, 653 devices of, for life and death, 660 tribal and national emblems of, 747 weapons of, 753 drawings of, 757-758

Ojo de Benado, New Mexico, petroglyphs at, 97-98

Ojo Pescado, New Mexico, petroglyphs near, 97

Oliver, Alice M., aid by, XVII

Omaha Indians, personal names of, list obtained, XIX tribal designations of, 385 tattoo designs of, 395 insignia worn by police of, 420 record of war expeditions by, 552 ceremonial colors used by, 625, 628

Onas, Mohawk name for William Penn, 443

Oneida, Idaho, petroglyphs in, 77

Onontio, Iroquois name for governor of Canada, 443

Ontario, petroglyphs in, 42-43

Opposition, pictograph for, 597-598

Oregon, petroglyphs in, 104-106

Origin of Indians, tradition of, 255-256

Orongo Indians of Easter island, houses of, 169

Osage Indians, coloring matter used by, 221 mythic tradition and chart of, 251-252 practice of tattoo by, 394 mourning custom of, 519 war color of, 632 colors used by, for social or military distinction, 633

Ottawa Indians, instruments used by, for birch-bark pictographs, 218 pictograph by, 529-530

Ottawa and Pottawatomie Indians, pictographic notices by, 350

Owens valley, California, petroglyphs in, 56-60

P.

Pacific coast, tattoo on, 396-407

Passamaquoddy Indians, pictographs of, examined, XII shop accounts of, 259-262 pictographic notice of direction by, 339-340 pictographic notice of condition, or wikhegan by, 347-350 wikhegan, or message to the President from, 367 tribal emblem of, 378-379 birch-bark drawing by, 474 record of battle by, 560-561 conventional device of, 652

Painted caves, Crocket county, Texas, 116

Painted rock, Indian personal name, 35

Painting upon robes or skins, 219

Painting on the human body, 618-619

Paint rock, North Carolina, petroglyphs on, 99-101

Pai Ute Indians, in Owens valley, California, 60 topographic illustration by, 342, 343

Palestine, cup sculptures in, 198

Papuans, notice of warning by, 357 mourning colors of, 630

Parsons, F. H., aid by, XXI

Partridge creek, Arizona, petroglyphs on, 50

Passés Indians of Brazil, dyes used by, 222

Pawnee Indians, pictographs on wood by, 214 tribal designations of, 386 medicine arrow of, pictographically represented, 503

Pawnee Loup Indians, notice of war party by, 336

Peach Springs, Arizona, petroglyphs near, 50

Pedra Lavrada, Brazil, 157

Peace and friendship, profession of, pictographically represented, 359-362

Peale, A. C., aid by, XXI

Penn wampum belt, history of, 231

Pennsylvania, petroglyphs in, 106-113, 678

Penobscot Indians, pictographs by, examined, XII vocabulary of, obtained, XVII notice of direction by, 338-339 tribal emblem of, 379

Piasa rock, near Alton, Illinois, description of, 77-79 definition of name, 78

Pictorial tribal designations, 377-388

Pictographs of Abnaki and Micmac Indians examined, XII, XIII

Pictographs on stone, imitated, 218

Pictographs in alphabets, 674-675

Pictured cave near La Crosse, Wisconsin, copies made of pictographs at, XIV

Picture writing of the American Indians, notice and summary of paper on, XXVI-XXX paper by Garrick Mallery on, 1-807

Piedra Pintada (Painted rock) creek canyon, Colorado, petroglyphs in, 72

Piegan Indians, notice by, 356

Pilling, James C., work of, X, XX

Pinart, Alphonse, pictographs reported by, 62

Pipestone, Minnesota, petroglyphs copied at, XIII, 87-88

Piute Creek, California, pictographs at, 62

Piute map of Colorado river, 342

Plains tribes, notices by, 340

Plancarte, F., Indian relics donated by, XXII

Playsanos Indians of California, gravestones of, 519

Pokinsquss, myth of, 469-470

Polynesia, tattooing in, 408

Ponka Indians, personal names of, XIX tribal designations of, 386-387

Pontiac, wampum belt of, 230

Pope, George, petroglyphs described by, 117

Portsmouth, Rhode Island, petroglyphs at, 113

Possession, pictographic signs for, 598

Potomac river valley, work on pottery of, XXI

Pottawatomie Indians, mnemonic songs of, 250

Pottery of the Potomac valley, work on, XXI

Powell, J. W., work of, XVIII cited, concerning Indian personal names, 444

Powhatan tribes of Virginia, work on, XX

Powhatan, deerskin mantle of, 209

Prairie du Rocher, Illinois, petroglyphs near, 80

Prayer sticks, 508-509

Praying beads of Buddhists, 226

Prisoners, Indian treatment of, 552 ideographically represented, 598-600

Provo river, Utah, petroglyphs on, 117

Profession of peace and friendship, 359-362

Property, division of, among North American Indians, 441

Property marks, 441-442

Proudfit, S. V., pottery from the Potomac valley loaned by, XXII

Publications issued and distributed during the year, X

Pueblo architecture, work on, XXII models of, prepared, XXII-XXIII

Pueblo Indians of New Mexico map made by, 341 cosmology of, 467-468 prayer ceremonies of, 511 ceremonial use of colors by, 624 colors for war and peace used by, 631

Pueblo pottery, coloring of, 220

Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, sculptured rock near, 147-148

Puerto Rico, petroglyphs in, 136-137

Puget Sound, Washington, pictographs found on, 214

Pyramid lake, Nevada, petroglyphs at, 92

Q.

Quick, J. H., petroglyphs described by, 90-91

Quipu, a mnemonic device of Indians of Peru and Guiana, 224-226

R.

Rain, gesture signs and symbols for, 701

Rattlesnake rock, Mojave desert, California, 61

Record of expedition, battle, migration, and other notable events, 552-570

Red Cloud’s census, description and history of, 445-447 pictographs from, 390-391, 421-423, 463-465, 486, 494, 534-535, 585-598, 639-641, 652, 653, 657

Red Horse petroglyph, England, 173

Red lake, Minnesota, birch-bark record obtained at, XIII, 252

Religion, pictographs concerning, 461-527 general discussion and classification, 461-527

Religious ceremonies, 505-517

Reno, Nevada, petroglyphs in, 95

Reveillé, Nye county, Nevada, inscribed rocks in, 94

Reynolds, Henry L., work of, XI, XXII pottery from Potomac valley, loaned by, XXII

Rhode Island, petroglyphs in, 113

Riggs, S. R., editorial work on manuscript left by, XIX

Rio Mancos, Colorado, petroglyphs on, 73-74

Rio Negro, Brazil, petroglyphs on, 152

Roche Percé, Souris river, Manitoba, 43

Rock creek, Colorado, petroglyphs on, 72

Rock-paintings, Indian superstition concerning, 466-467

Rockhill, W. W., notice of Paul Vial’s work by, 674

Rocky Dell creek, New Mexico, rock paintings at, 96

Rock hill, California, petroglyphs on, 52

Rogers, Charles, remarks by, on cup sculptures, 200

Romans, custom of tattooing among, 408 emblems of, 525, 618 ceremonial use of color by, 628-629

Rowe canyon, Arizona, petroglyphs in, 356-357

Running Antelope, Dakota chief, biography by, 571-575

Russell, I. C., pictographs sketched by, 117

S.

Sac Indians, mourning ceremonies of, 518-629 conventional devices of, 658

Sacred rock paintings, 466-467

Salish Indians, work on language of, XXIII tattoo among, 407 funeral customs of, 524 mourning colors of, 630

Samoa, tattooing in, 410-411

Samoyed message of demand, 375

Sand, pictographs on, 210-212

San Antonio springs, New Mexico, petroglyphs at, 97

San Bernardino, California, pictographs reported near, 62

San Diego county, California, petroglyphs in, 63

San Francisco mountain, Arizona, petroglyphs near, 48-49

San Marcos pass, California, petroglyphs near, 64

San Juan river, Colorado, petroglyphs near, 73 petroglyphs on, 74-75

Santa Barbara, California, coloring matter of pictographs in, 221

Santa Lucia Cosumalhuapa, Guatemala, sculptures of, 226

Sapiel Selmo, Passamaquoddy chief, 338

Satsika (Blackfeet) Indians, insignia of Tail Bearer of, 429 societies of, 528-529

Sawyer, Wells M., acknowledgments to, 30

Scandinavian colors for war and peace, 635

Scarification, 416-418

Schoolcraft, Henry R., exaggerated accounts of Ojibwa pictographs by, 202

Scotland, cup sculptures in, 193

Scythian declaration of war, 362

Seeman, Berthold, remarks by, on cup sculptures, 193-194

Serpent, pictographs of, 476-477 emblematic use of, 617

Serrano Indians of California, property marks of, 441 face mark of, 621

Shafer, P. W., pictographs published by, 106-10

Shaman, definition of term, 490-499

Shamanism, 490-500

Shastika Indian women, face decoration of, 220

Shawnees, battle of, with Cherokees, 122

Shells, pictographs on, 209-210

Shinumo canyon, Arizona, petroglyphs in, 51-121

Short, pictographs for, 600

Shoshoni Indians, petroglyphs interpreted by, 128, 129 use of notched sticks by, for recording time, 227 pictographic notice of hunt by, 331 pictographic notice of guidance by, 353-354 tribal designations of, 387-388 biographical record of, 578 gesture signs of, for cold, 606 petroglyphs by, 680-682

Shuswap Indians of British Columbia, notices by, 340

Siberia, use of knotted cords for mnemenic purposes in, 226 petroglyphs in, 186-188 tattooing in, 414

Siberian and Tartar inscriptions, 188

Sicasica, Peru, writings found at, 672

Sierra Leone, scarification in, 417

Sight, pictographs for, 600-601

Signs, symbols, and emblems, 607-618 classification of, 607-609

Simons, A. B., clay articles loaned by, XXII

Siouan dialects, work in, XIX

Siouan family, divisions of, 272

Sioux or Dakota Indians, paper prepared on camping circles of, XIX tribal designations of, 379-388 origin of name of, 272 message of, to Ojibwa, 360 exploit marks of, 433-435 sign of mourning of, 519 cult societies of, 528 record of battle by, 563-566 mourning color, 629-630 colors for victory used by, 632

Six Nations, deed from, to King of Great Britain, 378

Skins, pictographs on, 206-207

Slow, pictographs for, 601

Snanaimuq Indians, war paint of, 632

Snow, pictographs for, 605-606

Social and religious missives, 362-374

Songs, order of, 231-250 explanation of, 231-232

Sonora, Mexico, petroglyphs in, 131, 749

South Africa, petroglyphs in, 180-183

South America petroglyphs in, 142-160 tattoo in, 407

South Carolina, war color of Indians in, 632

South Dakota, petroglyphs in, 114

South Sea Islanders, mnemonic devices of, 224

Spain, petroglyphs in, 177-178

Spaniards, ceremonial use of color by, 629

Spanish and Brazilian petroglyphs, 690

Special comparisons, 676-744

Stephen. A. M., work of, XVII-XVIII

Stevenson, James notice of death and biographic sketch of, XXIV-XXV on ceremonial use of colors by Zuñi, 623 paper by, mentioned, 210

Stone of the Giants, Mexico, 138

Stone, pictographs on, 205-206

Strings used for mnemonic purposes, 223

Substances on which pictographs are made, 205-217

Supernatural, symbols of the, 462-468

Susanville, California, pictographs near, 69

Swan, James G., contribution by, on tattoo, 402

Sweden, petroglyphs in, 173-175

Symbolism, development of, 609-610

Symbols of the supernatural, 462-468

Syllabaries and alphabets, 664-675 development of, 664-665

Syrian symbols, 616-618

T.

Taboo, 504-505

Tall, pictograph for, 601-602

Tallies or notched sticks, in Great Britain, 228

Tamanaques Indians, legend of, 33

Tartars, use of notched sticks as records by, 228 notice of warning by, 357 magic drums of, 514-517

Tassin, A. G., drawing and explanation of petroglyphs by, 95

Tattoo, significance of, 391-419 use of, by ancient monarchs, 407-408 in ancient Rome, 408 among Arabs, 414 summary of studies on, 418-419

Taylor, H. R., sketch furnished and information communicated by, 82-83

Tazewell County Virginia, petroglyphs in, 121-122

Temple Creek canyon Utah, petroglyphs in, 116-117

Tennessee, petroglyphs in, 114-115

Tepumereme, Venezuela, sculptured rock of, 148

Teocuauhxicalli, Mexican sculptured stone, 135-136

Teton Dakota, translations made from dialect of, XIX insignia of police of, 419-420 shield device of, 436

Texas, petroglyphs in, 215-217

Textile fabrics, pictographs on, 215-217

The-Flame, winter count of, 268

The-Swan, winter count of, 268

Thlinkit (Tlinkit) Indians, shamanistic emblem of, 612-613 war colors of, 632

Thomas, Cyrus work of, X, XXI, XXII cited, 209 on Mexican and Maya symbolic colors, 625

Thompson, Gilbert, petroglyphs reported by, 92

Thunder bird, pictographs of, 58, 479, 483-487 Ojibwa, 58, 487; Kwakiutl, 479; Dakota, 483-485; Haida 485; Twana, 485; Micmac, 487; Venezuelan, 487; Haida, 399.

Tibeto-China, mode of declaring war in, 359

Time records of Apache Indians, 258-259

Tiverton, Rhode Island, petroglyphs in, 113

Tlalmanalco, Mexico, inscribed rock near, 132-133

Topography represented in pictographs, 341-347

Torres straits islanders, scarification of, 417

Totemic system, explanation of, 388-389

Totems, titles and names, 376-391

Trade, pictographs for, 602

Treaties, mnemonically recorded, 256-257

Trees, pictographs on, 213

Trempealeau, Wisconsin, petroglyphs at, 127, 128

Truckee river, Nevada, petroglyphs on, 93

Tsimshian Indians, pictograph by, 217 tattoo of, 407 secret societies and ceremonies of, 512

Tuálati Indians, tradition of, 105

Tule River agency, California, petroglyphs at, 52-56

Turf monuments in England, 172-173, 212

Turkish love letter, 368

Turner, Lucien M., work of, XXIV

Turner, H. W., petroglyphs described by, 52

Tusayan pueblos, work among, XVII-XVIII

Tuscarora Indians, legends obtained, XVII linguistic work among, XX

Twana Indians, thunder bird of, 485 war paint of, 632

Tyout, Algeria, petroglyphs at, 178, 179

U.

Umatilla vocabulary obtained, XIV

Unalaska, relics of art found in, 220

Uncpapa Dakota, personal name, 445

Union, pictographic signs for, 602, 603

Utah, petroglyphs in, 116-121, 681

Ute Indians, declaration of peace by, 360

United States, petroglyphs in, 45-130

United States of Colombia, petroglyphs in, 143, 144