Part III

, Chap. VI.

=KEMPIS, THOMAS À=. _b._ 1379, _d._ 1471. =German ascetic writer.=

A DEVOUT AND GOSTELY TREATISE OF YA IMYTACION AND FOLOWYNGE OF CRYST (1415-24), compiled in Latin by J. Jerson. _Tr._ by Wyllyam Atkynson, 1502.

=KIELLAND, A. L.= _b._ 1849. =Norwegian Author.=

GARMAN AND WORSE. _Tr._ W. W. Kettlewell, 1884.

SKIPPER WORSE. _Tr._ Earl of Ducie, 1885.

NORSE TALES AND SKETCHES. _Tr._ R. L. Cassie, 1896.

TALES OF TWO COUNTRIES. _Tr._ W. Archer, 1891.

=KING HORN.= _C._ 1230-40.

_Ed._ Bannatyne Club, 1845.

_Ed._ Lumby, J. R., and G. H. McKnight, E.E.T.S. xiv. 1866.

King Horn belongs to the Anglo-Danish cycle of romance, with also Guy of Warwick, and Colbrond the Dane.

=KISFALUDY, SANDOR= (=ALEXANDER=). _b._ 1772, _d._ 1844. =Hungarian dramatist.=

ILKA, THE CAPTIVE MAIDEN AND OTHER STORIES. [Adapted from the Hungarian of K. K. and others, by S. G.] 1892.

=KLOPSTOCK, FRIEDRICH GOTTLIEB.= _b._ 1724, _d._ 1803. =German poet.=

THE MESSIAH, A POEM. xiv. books. _Tr._ into English prose by Mrs. and Mr. J. Collyer, 1763.

=KNIGHT OF THE SWANNE, HISTORY OF HELYAS.= _Tr._ 1512.

From French prose romance, printed 1504. Legend very old. Chevelere Assigne, an alliterative poem from a French romance of 30,000 verses.

See also p. 37.

=KORAN, or ALKORAN.=

The sacred book of the Mohammedans, written about A.D. 610 by Mohammed, and published about 634 by his successor, Abu Bekr. Its contents are believed by Mohammedans to have been communicated to Mohammed by the Angel Gabriel during a period of twenty-three years. The book was first _translated_ by George Sale in 1734.

A LYTELL TREATYSE OF THE TURKES LAWES CALLED ALCORAN; AND ALSO IT SPEAKS OF MAHOMET THE NYGROMANCER. Pr. W. de Worde. n.d.

ALCORAN OF MAHOMET. (By Alex. Ross.) 1642.

=KÖRNER, KARL T.= _b._ 1791, _d._ 1813. =German poet.=

HARP, THE. _Tr._ 1826.

HEDWIG; or, LOVE AND GRATITUDE. A drama. _Tr._ Mrs. B. Davenay, 1878.

LIFE AND SELECTIONS FROM HIS POEMS, TALES AND DRAMAS. _Tr._ Richardson, 1827.

LYRE AND THE SWORD. (1814.) _Tr._ 1834.

ROSAMOND. (1812.) _Tr._ 1830.

SONGS AND BALLADS. _Tr._ of Uhland, Körner, Bürger, etc. _Tr._ 1838.

WOLDEMAR. _Tr._ 1805.

=KRILOFF, I. A.= _b._ 1768, _d._ 1844. =Russian poet.=

KRILOFF AND HIS FABLES. _Tr._ W. R. S. Ralston, 1869.

=LA BRUYÈRE, JEAN DE.= _b._ 1639, _d._ 1696. =French writer and moralist.=

THE MORAL CHARACTERS OF THEOPHRASTUS (1684). _Tr._ 1713.

'The Greek writer [Theophrastus] ... has been incomparably surpassed by his imitator'.--Hallam.

=LA CALPRENÈDE.= _See_ =COSTES=.

=LA FAYETTE, DE.= _Marie Jean Paul Roch Yves Gilbert Motier._ _b._ 1634, _d._ 1693. =French authoress.=

PRINCESS OF CLEVES.... Written ... by the greatest wits of France, 1688.

PRINCESS OF MONTPENSIER, 1666.

ZAYDE [1670]; a Spanish History. Written by Monsieur Segrais [and the Countess de La Fayette], 1678.

Her 'Zayde' and the 'Princess of Cleves' were the first French works of fiction that truly represented the manners of the upper classes. Her style was very closely followed by Richardson in 'Clarissa Harlowe'.

=LA FONTAINE, JEAN DE.= _b._ 1621, _d._ 1695. =French fabulist and writer of 'Contes'.=

FABLES AND TALES IN FRENCH AND ENGLISH, now first translated, with the Author's life (1668). 1734.

'It was primarily along the Greek channel that the fables were derived, if not all the matter, at least the inspiration; for the fables of La Fontaine, and the English fables of Gay, together with all the collection which have been printed, were all taken from the Greek'.

Dryden, Gay and Prior were all greatly influenced by the works of La Fontaine.

=LAI LE FREINE.= From the French of Marie de France. _Cir._ 14th century.

_Ed._ Weber, Metrical Romances, 1810.

=LAMARTINE, ALPHONSE DE.= _b._ 1792, _d._ 1869. =French poet, orator and historian.=

HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION OF 1848. _Tr._ 1846.

HISTORY OF THE GIRONDISTS, OR PERSONAL MEMOIRS OF THE PATRIOTS OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION (1840). _Tr._ by H. T. Ryde, 1847.

HISTORY OF THE RESTORATION OF MONARCHY IN FRANCE. _Tr._ by Captn. Rafter, 1851-3.

POETICAL MEDITATIONS AND RELIGIOUS HARMONIES (1820). _Tr._ by the Rev. W. Pulling, with a biographical sketch, 1849.

RAPHAEL, OR PAGES OF THE BOOK OF LIFE AT TWENTY. _Tr._ 1849.

=LAMENNAIS, FÉLICITÉ ROBERT DE.= _b._ 1782, _d._ 1854. =French theologian and journalist.=

ESSAY ON INDIFFERENCE TO RELIGION. 4 v. (1817-23.) _Tr._ Lord Stanley of A., 1895.

WORDS OF A BELIEVER. _Tr._ 1834.

MODERN SLAVERY. _Tr._ W. J. Linton, 1840.

THE BOOK OF THE PEOPLE. _Tr._ J. H. Lorymer, 1838.

=THE LAMENT OF DEOR=, or, =The Minstrel's Consolation=. _Ed. Tr._ from Cook and Tinker's Select _Tr._ from English Poetry, 1902.

=LANCELOT OF THE LAIK.= _Cir._ 1500. _Ed._ Prf. W. W. Skeat, E.E.T.S., 1865.

_Ed._ Stevenson, Maitland Club, 1839.

_See also_ Weston, J. L. Legend of Sir Lancelot du Lac. Studies upon its Origin, Development and Position in the Arthurian Cycle, 1901.

=LAND OF COCKAIGNE= [13th century].

_Ed._ F. J. Furnival--_in his_ Early English Poems and Lives of Saints, 1862.

A satire on the corruptions of the Condt, painting a 'Land of the Kitchen', a fool's paradise.

=LANGLAND, WILLIAM= (=OR LANGLEY=).

BOOK OF PIERS PLOWMAN, 1362-1377. _Ed._ Skeat, in its three forms. E.E.T.S. 1867-69-73.

RICHARD THE REDELESS. _Ed._ Skeat. E.E.T.S., 1873.

'The Vision of Piers Plowman' is a satire directed against the vices of the Clergy and other professions.

=LA ROCHEFOUCAULD, FRANÇOIS, DUC DE.= _b._ 1613, _d._ 1680. =French maxim-writer.=

MORAL MAXIMS AND REFLECTIONS (1665) ... now made English, 1694.

=LASCO DE LA VEGA=, _See_ =Garcilasco de la Vega=, _Surnamed_ '=The Inca='.

=LA TOUR LANDRY.= _Ab._ 1440. _Ed._ T. Wright. 1868.

=LAWS OF INE= (=King of West Saxons, 688-726=).

THE EARLIEST LAWS OF WESSEX. Reissued by King Alfred. _Ed._, B. Thorpe, 'Ancient Laws and Institutes of England', text and _tr._, 1840.

=LAYAMON.= 1200. =English priest.=

LAYAMON'S BRUT, OR CHRONICLE OF BRITAIN: a poetical semi-Saxon paraphrase of the Brut of Wace. [With a tr.] _Ed._ by F. Madden, 3 v., 1847.

This work is important as the principal literary monument in the English language of that period.

The poet 'thrummed' three books into one in his work, namely, Wace's 'Geste des Bretons' (1155), his chief source, Baeda's work in his own Latin, and Alfred's translation of the same. The author has the distinction of being the first to commemorate King Arthur in English verse.

=LAZARILLO DE TORMES.= [1554.]

THE PLEASAUNT HISTORIE OF LAZARILLO DE TORMES, A SPANIARDE ... draune out of Spanish by David Rowland ... 1586.

'This little work may be thought by some of a low and trifling nature: but it is the first of a race of comic romances. For wit, spirit and inexhaustible resources ... there is nothing like the Spanish rogue'.

'The first novela picaresca, or rogue story'. The appearance of this work (1554) marks the date at which such stories first took shape as a distinct branch of the novel, to be known as the 'picaroon' or 'picaresque'. From that time, for nearly a century, the 'Novelas de Picaros' are a chief product of Spanish writing. Chief among the progeny of 'Lazarillo' are 'Guzman de Alfarache' (1599), a sequel to 'L' itself by Luma (1620), and 'The Life of Buscon' by Quevedo (1626). All these were quickly translated into English. In England the effect of the picaresque novel first appears in the 'Jack Wilton' of Nash. In France the type passed through the hands of Scarron and Le Sage, whose 'Diable Boiteau' and 'Gil Blas' were destined to eclipse the fame of the Spanish originals. From the examples of France this species broke out in England with the 'Moll Flanders' and 'Colonel Jack' of Defoe, the 'Joseph Andrews' of Fielding, the 'Roderick Random' and 'Peregrine Pickle' of Smollett. In the nineteenth century it finds its congeners in the 'Three Musketeers' of Dumas and in the works of several minor English novelists. 'Mr. Jingle does not essentially differ from this type'.

=LE BOVIER DE FONTENELLE.= _See_ =Fontenelle=.

=LE FREINE.= _See_ =Lai Le Freine=.

=LEIBNITZ, VON, GOTTFRIED WILHELM=, _Baron._ _b._ 1646, _d._ 1716. =German philosopher and mathematician.=

A COLLECTION OF PAPERS WHICH PASSED BETWEEN ... LEIBNITZ AND DR. CLARKE ... RELATING TO THE PRINCIPLES OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION, 1717.

A SYSTEM OF THEOLOGY (1686).... _Tr._ with an introduction and notes by C. W. Russell.

'We may trace the thoughts of Pope's "Essay on Man" back through Bolingbroke's prose to the philosophic writings of Leibnitz'.

Hallam says, 'No one can read without perceiving that of all the early geologists Leibnitz came nearest to the theories which are most received in the English school of this day'.

=LEOPARDI, GIACOMO.= _b._ 1798, _d._ 1837. =Italian poet and essayist.=

ESSAYS AND DIALOGUES.... _Tr._ by C. Edwardes, 1882.

POEMS. _Tr._ by Townsend, 1888.

=LERMONTOV= (_or_ =LERMONTOFF=), =MIKHAIL YUREVITCH.= _b._ 1814, _d._ 1841. =Russian poet.=

THE CIRCASSIAN BOY. _Tr._ [into English verse] by S. S. Comart, 1875.

THE DEMON, a poem. _Tr._ by A. C. Stephen, 1875.

A HERO OF OUR TIME. (1839.) _Tr._ 1854.

=LE SAGE, ALAIN RENÉ.= _b._ 1668, _d._ 1747. =French romancer and essayist.=

THE BATCHELOR OF SALAMANCA (1736-8). _Tr._ by Mr. Lockman, 1737.

THE DEVIL UPON TWO STICKS (Asmodeus). _Tr._ 1708.

HISTORY OF GIL BLAS OF SANTILLANE (1715-35). _Tr._ 1732-7.

Defoe, Fielding and Smollett were all influenced by Le Sage, whom they imitated.

=LESSING, GOTTHOLD E.= _b._ 1729, _d._ 1781. =German writer.= Regarded as the father of the new era of German Literature.

THE DRAMATIC WORKS OF G. E. LESSING. _Tr._ ... Edited by E. Bell, 1878.

FABLES FROM THE GERMAN. _Tr._ by J. Richardson, 1773.

EMILIA GALOTTÉ.... _Tr._ by B. Thompson, 1801.

[1] LAOCOON; AN ESSAY, OR THE LIMITS OF POETRY AND PAINTING. _Tr._ by Wm. Ross, 1836.

NATHAN THE WISE; a Dramatic Poem, 1779. _Tr._ by Wm. Taylor, 1791.

SCHOOL OF HONOUR. _Tr._ 1799.

THREE COMEDIES. _Tr._ by J. J. Holroyd, 1838.

[1] 'Despite its errors and shortcomings, this famous treatise on the "Boundaries of Poetry and Painting", a work of criticism in the philosophy of the beautiful, has perhaps influenced more minds than any other work on æsthetics except those of Aristotle and Longinus'. To countless others besides Macaulay it has been their first illumination of the everlasting principles of beauty.

=LEWIS OF GRENADA, F.= =Spanish writer.=

OF PRAYER AND MEDITATION. _Tr._ by [Richard Hopkins] 1582.

THE SINNER'S GUYDE. Digested into English by Francis Meres, 1598.

GRANADA'S DEVOTIONS. Englished by F. Meres, 1598.

A MOST FRAGRANT FLOWER; or, devoute Exposition of the Lord's Prayer. _Tr._ by J. G., 1598.

A MEMORIAL OF A CHRISTIAN LIFE. _Tr._ [by Richard Hopkins], 1599.

A SPIRITUAL DOCTRINE CONTAINING A RULE OF LIVE WEL, WITH DIVERS PRAIERS AND MEDITATIONS. _Tr._ [by Rich. Gibbons] 1599.

=LIBANIUS SOPHISTA.= _b._ 314, _d._ 400. _See_ =Julian=.

=LIE, JONAS L.= _b._ 1833. =Norwegian poet and novelist.=

BARQUE FUTURE. _Tr._ 1876.

COMMODORE'S DAUGHTER. _Tr._ 1892.

LITTLE GREY, THE PONY OF NORDFJORD. _Tr._ Arbuthnott, 1873.

NIOBE. _Tr._ 1890.

NORSE LOVE STORY. _Tr._ 1876.

PILOT AND HIS WIFE. (1874.) _Tr._ 1876.

VISIONARY, THE. _Tr._ J. Muir, 1894.

WEIRD TALES FROM THE NORTHERN SEAS. _Tr._ 1893.

=LINNÆUS=, (_or_ =LINNÉ=) =CARL=. _b._ 1707, _d._ 1778. =Swedish botanist.=

ANIMAL KINGDOM. _Translated_, with Additions, by R. Kerr, 1792.

DISSERTATION ON THE SEXES OF PLANTS. _Tr._ by Sir J. E. Smith, 1786.

FUNDAMENTA ENTOMOLOGIÆ; OR AN INTRODUCTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF INSECTS. _Tr._ by Wm. Curtis, 1772.

GENERIC AND SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION OF BRITISH PLANTS. TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED AN ENTOMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY, AND A GLOSSARY. _Tr._ by J. Jenkinson, 1775.

INSTITUTES OF BOTANY, containing descriptions of all the known genera of plants. _Tr._ by C. Milne, 1770.

MISCELLANEOUS TRACTS RELATING TO NATURAL HISTORY, HUSBANDRY AND PHYSICK. _Tr._ from the Latin by B. Stillingfleet, 1759.

PRINCIPIA BOTANICA: OR A CONCISE INTRODUCTION TO THE SEXUAL BOTANY OF LINNÆUS. _Tr._ 1787.

REFLECTIONS ON THE STUDY OF NATURE. _Tr._ [by J. E. Smith] 1785.

=LISLE, C. J. ROUGET DE.= _b._ 1760, _d._ 1836. =French poet.=

MARSEILLAISE. (1792.) _Tr._ 1793.

=LIVY= (=TITUS LIVIUS=). _b._ 59 B.C., _d._ 17 A.D. =Roman historian.=

THE HISTORIE OF ... ANNIBALL AND SCIPIO. _Tr._ out of T. Livius and other authoures, 1544.

THE ORATOR: HANDLING A HUNDRED SEVERALL DISCOURSES, ETC. Some of the Arguments being drawne from T. Livius and other ancient writers, 1596.

THE ROMANE HISTORIE. Also the Breviaries of L. Florus, with a chronologie of the whole Historie, and the Topographie of Rome in the Old Time. _Tr._ by P. Holland, 1600.

=LONGUS.= 5th century. =Greek sophist.=

DAPHNIS AND CHLOE. _Tr._ by Angel Day [1587].

'This pastoral romance played no small part in the conception of the French sentimental romances of the seventeenth century, beginning with D'Urfé and carried on by Scudéry and La Calprenède. This work contains the new element of pastoral setting and description, and some novelty of simple sentiment'. _Tr. by Day from Amyot's tr._

=LOTI, PIERRE. Louis Marie Viaud.= _b._ 1850.

MADAME CHRYSANTHÈME. _Tr._ L. Ensor, [1888].

RARAHU; or, THE MARRIAGE OF LOTI. _Tr._ C. Bell, 1890.

MY BROTHER YRÈS. _Tr._ M. P. Fletcher, 1887.

AN ICELAND FISHERMAN. _Tr._ 1888.

CHILD ROMANCE. _Tr._ C. Bell, 1891.

PHANTOM FROM THE EAST. _Tr._ J. E. Gordon, 1892.

BOOK OF PITY AND DEATH. _Tr._ T. P. O'Connor, 1892.

ROMANCE OF A SPAHI. _Tr._ M. L. Watkins, 1890.

=LUCAN.= _b._ 39, _d._ 65. =Roman epic poet.=

LUCAN'S FIRST BOOK OF THE CIVIL WAR BETWEEN POMPEY AND CÆSAR. _Translated_ line for line by Chas. Marlowe, 1600.

PHARSALIA. Containing the Civill Warres between Cæsar and Pompey. =Tr.= into English verse by Sir Arthur Gorges, Kt.... 1614.

Lucan and 'Stace' (Statius) formed the chief Latin reading of Chaucer's time. Addison's 'Campaign', and Drayton's 'Barons' War' are also clearly influenced by Lucan.

=LUCIAN.= _b._ 125, _d._ 180. =Greek author.=

CERTAIN SELECT DIALOGUES OF LUCIAN, TOGETHER WITH HIS TRUE HISTORIE. _Translated_ by F. Hicks. Also a Life of Lucian gathered out of his own writings. By F. H[ickes], 1634.

NECROMANTIA: a Dialog of the Poet Lucyan for the Tantsaye Faymyd for a mery Pastyme. _Tr._ [1537].

PLEASANT DIALOGUES AND DRAMMA'S SELECTED OUT OF LUCIAN, ERASMUS, ETC. _Tr._ by Thos. Heywood, 1637.

THE WORKS OF LUCIAN. _Tr._ by Ferrand Spence, 1684.

Influenced Swift's 'Gulliver's Travels', 'Tale of a Tub' and 'The Battle of the Books' and the works of Sterne. Sterne is sometimes known as the 'English Lucian'.

=LUCILIUS, GAIUS.= _b._ 148 B.C., _d._ 100 B.C. =Roman satiric poet.=

THE FRAGMENTS OF LUCILIUS literally translated into English Prose ... by L. Evans, 1848.

=LUCRETIUS= (=TITUS LUCRETIUS CARUS=). _b._ 95, _d._ 52 B.C. =Latin poet.=

AN ESSAY ON THE FIRST BOOK OF T. LUCRETIUS CARUS, with a metrical Version and Notes, by John Evelyn, Esqre., 1656.

LUCRETIUS DE RERUM NATURA, with a free prose English version, 1743.

TITUS LUCRETIUS CARUS. _Tr._ into English verse by Thomas Creech, 1683.

Influence of Lucretius seen in Pope's 'Essay on Man'. Formed favourite reading of Shelley, Wordsworth and Tennyson.

Dyer's 'Fleece' and Akenside's 'Pleasures of the Imagination' are the outcome of the study of Lucretius and the 'Georgics' of Virgil.

=LUTHER, MARTIN.= _b._ 1483, _d._ 1546. =Leader of the Reformation in Germany.=

AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MARTIN LUTHER, now first _tr._ from the original by Rev. J. P. Lawson, 1836.

A BOKE MADE BY A CERTAYNE GREAT CLERKE AGAYNST THE NEW IDOLE AND OLDE DEVYLL, WHICH OF LATE TYME IN MISNIA SHOULD HAVE BEN CANONISED FOR A SAYNT, 1534.

COLLOQUIA MENSALIA (TABLE TALK), OR DIVINE DISCOURSES AT HIS TABLE, ETC., collected first together by Dr. A. Lauterbach.... _Tr._ out of High German ... by Captn. Henrie Bell, 1652.

A FRUITEFULL AND GODLY EXPOSITION AND DECLARACION OF THE KYNGDOM OF CHRIST. _Tr._ by [W. Lynne], 1548.

M. LUTHER'S EXPOSITION OF THE 23RD PSALM. _Tr._ by Miles Coverdale, 1537.

ON THE CHIEFE ARTICLES OF THE CHRISTIAN FAYTHE, ETC. _Tr._ 1548.

THIRTIE-FOUR SPECIAL AND CHOSEN SERMONS, ETC., Englisshed by W. Gace, 1581.

A TREATISE TOUCHING THE LIBERTIE OF A CHRISTIAN. _Tr._ by J. Bell, 1579.

'As a translator of the Bible into the Upper-Saxon dialect, and as having thus fixed the modern German language, he is of the greatest importance to Germany itself. To us his value is that of a thinker or moral force'.

=LYSIAS.= 4th century B.C. =Greek orator.=

ORATIONS OF LYSIAN AND ISOCRATES, WITH SOME ACCOUNT OF THEIR LIVES, AND A DISCOURSE ON THE HISTORY, MANNERS, AND CHARACTERS OF THE GREEKS. _Tr._ John Gillies, 1778.

=MABINOGION.=

GUEST, LADY CHARLOTTE. _Ed._ and _Tr._, Mabinogion, fr. Llyfr Coch o Hergest and other MSS. 3 v. 1838-49.

=MACHIAVELLI, NICCOLO DI BERNARDO DEI.= _b._ 1469, _d._ 1527. =Italian statesman, diplomatist and writer.=

THE ARTE OF WARRE, set forth in English by Peter Whitehorne, with an addicion of other like Marcialle Feates and Experiments, 1560.

A DISCOURSE UPON THE MEANES OF WEL GOVERNING AND MAINTAINING IN GOOD PEACE, A KINGDOME OR OTHER PRINCIPALITIE ... AGAINST N. MACHIAVELLL [By I. Gentillet]. _Tr._ by S. Patericke, 1602.

THE FLORENTINE HISTORIE. _Tr._ by T(homas) B(edingfield), 1594.

NICOLAS MACHIAVELL'S PRINCE. Also, THE LIFE OF CASTRUCCIO OF LUCCA. AND THE MEANES DUKE VALENTINE US'D TO PUT TO DEATH V. VITELLOZZO, ETC. _Tr._ by E(dward) D(acres), 1640.

WORKS. _Tr._ by Henry Nevile, 1675.

Of the works of M., 'The Prince' was the most widely read.

=MAETERLINCK, MAURICE.= _b._ 1864. =Belgian dramatist.=

ALLADINE AND PALOMIDES, INTERIOR, AND THE DEATH OF TINTAGILES. _Tr._ 1899.

BURIED TEMPLE. _Tr._ by A. Sutro, 1902.

THE DOUBLE GARDEN. _Tr._ by A. Teixeira de Mattos, 1904.

JOYZELLE. _Tr._ by A. Teixeira de Mattos, 1906.

LIFE AND FLOWERS. _Tr._ by A. Teixeira de Mattos, 1907.

LIFE OF THE BEE. _Tr._ by A. Sutro, 1901.

MAURICE AGLAVAINE AND SELYSETTE. A Drama. _Tr._ by A. Sutro, 1897.

MONNA VANNA. _Tr._ by A. Sutro, 1904.

MY DOG. _Tr._ by A. Teixeira de Mattos, 1906.

OLD-FASHIONED FLOWERS, AND OTHER OPEN-AIR ESSAYS. _Tr._ by A. Teixeira de Mattos, 1906.

PELLEAS AND MELISANDA. _Tr._ by Erving Winslow, 1893.

PRINCESS MALEINE (1890) AND THE INTRUDER. _Tr._ by G. Harry, 1892.

RUYSBROECK AND THE MYSTICS, WITH SELECTIONS. _Tr._ 1894.

SIGHTLESS, THE. _Tr._ with Pelleas and Melisanda [_tr._ 1893]. 1895.

SISTER BEATRICE, AND ARDIANE AND BARBE BLEUE. _Tr._ by B. Miall, 1901.

TREASURE OF THE HUMBLE. _Tr._ by A. Sutro, 1897.

WISDOM AND DESTINY. _Tr._ by A. Sutro, 1898.

'On the appearance of "The Princess Maleine" in 1890, the author, hitherto known only to a small circle of amateurs, at once sprang into fame on the continent.... As a brooding poet, a mystic, and a contemplative spectator of the comedy of death, whose work is couched, almost by a sort of accident, in dramatic form, Maeterlinck will probably find a place in literature'.

=MAFFEI, FRANCISCO SCIPIONE.= _b._ 1675, _d._ 1755. =Italian scholar and author.=

[1] COMPLETE HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT AMPHITHEATRES ... AND IN

## PARTICULAR THAT OF VERONA. 'Verona Illustra'. _Tr._ by A. Gordon,

1730.

MEROPE: a tragedy (1713). _Tr._ by Mr. Ayre, 1740.

[1] His principal work. Noted for its profound research, sound criticism and elegant style.

=MAHABHARATA AND RÁMÁYANA. The two great epic poems of ancient India.= Many episodes as the Bhagavad-Gítá have been separately edited and translated.

MAHABHARATA. The Story of Dooshivanta and Sakoontala, extracted from the Mahabharata (1. 2801-3121), a poem.... _Tr._ by C. Wilkins. Postscript containing part of the institutes of Manoo on transmigration and final beatitude. _Tr._ by Sir W. Jones, 1793.

MAHABHARATA. A complete English prose translation by Hindus, of which up to 1890 fifty parts had appeared and were published and distributed, chiefly gratis, at Calcutta, under the auspices of Pratápachandra Roy, 1883 (in progress).

THE RÁMÁYANA OF VALMEEKI, in the original Sanskrit; with an English prose translation and explanatory notes by W. Carey and J. Marshman, 1806, 8, 10.

[This work was intended to form nine volumes, but only three appeared.]

THE BHAGVAT-GEETA, or Dialogues of Kreeshna and Arjoon, in eighteen lectures, with notes translated from the original, in the Sanskreet, or ancient language of the Brahmans. By Chas. Wilkins, 1785.

Mahabharata, the name of the great epic poem of the Hindoos, so called because it treats of the war waged among the descendants of Bharata. It is said to contain 200,000 lines, or 100,000 double verses, the compilation of many writers, living in different ages.

=MAIMONIDES= (=RABBI BEN MAIMON=). _b._ 1135, _d._ 1204. =Jewish rabbi and philosopher.=

GUIDE TO THE PERPLEXED (Moreh Nevochim). _Tr._ by Dr. M. Friedländer, 3 v., 1885.

MAIN PRINCIPLES OF THE CREED AND ETHICS OF THE JEWS, EXHIBITED IN SELECTIONS FROM THE YAD HACKAZAKAH, WITH A LITERAL TRANSLATION, GLOSSARY, AND NOTES. 1832.

THE REASONS OF THE LAWS OF MOSES FROM THE MOREH NEVOCHIM (DOCTOR PERPLEXORUM) OF MAIMONIDES, with notes, etc., and a Life of the author by James Townley, 1827.

=MALEBRANCHE, NICHOLAS.= _b._ 1638, _d._ 1715. =French philosopher.=

TREATISE ON MORALITY. (1684.) _Tr._ 1699.

SEARCH AFTER TRUTH. _Tr._ R. Sault. 2 v. 1692-94.

TREATISE OF NATURE AND GRACE. To which is added the Author's Idea of Providence.... _Tr._ 1695.

CHRISTIAN CONFERENCES.... _Tr._ 1695.

=MANTUANUSO.= _See_ =Spagnuoli=, =Baptista=. =Mantuanus.=

=MANUEL, JUAN.= _d._ 1350. =Spanish author.=

COUNT LUCANOV: FIFTY PLEASANT STORIES. _Tr._ James York. [1868].

=MANZONI, ALESSANDRO.= _b._ 1785, _d._ 1873. =Italian novelist and poet.=

THE BETROTHED LOVERS. I Promessi Sposi (1825-7). _Tr._ [by C. Swan], 1828.

=MANUEL, DON JUAN.= _d._ 1350. =Spanish prince and author.=

THE COUNT LUCANOR. First done into English ... by James York [1868].

Shakespeare derived his 'Taming of the Shrew' indirectly through M.

=MARCUS AURELIUS ANTONINUS.= _b._ 121, _d._ 180. =Roman emperor and philosopher.=

THE GOLDEN BOKE OF. _Translated_ out of the French. By John Bouchier, Knight, Lord Berners. [1534.]

MEDITATIONS. With notes. _Tr._ by M. Casaubon, 1634.

=MARGUERITE OF NAVARRE.= _b._ 1492, _d._ 1549.

A GODLY MEDYTACION OF THE CHRISTEN SOWLE, CONCERNING A LOVE TOWARDES GOD AND HYS CHRYSTE, Etc. _Tr._ by the Lady Elizabeth, 1548.

HEPTAMERON (1558). _Tr._ by R. Codrington, 1654. 1st _Tr._ 1597.

A series of stories and novelettes in the style of the 'Decameron', largely erotic.

=MARINI, GIAMBATTISTA.= _b._ 1569, _d._ 1625. =Italian poet.=

A POEM ON THE SLAUGHTER OF THE INNOCENTS. _Tr._ by T. R., 1675.

ECHO. [A sonnet. _Tr._ by T. Stanley], 1651.

Famous for his fantastic style known as 'Marinism'.

Marini's affected figures of speech, far-fetched comparisons, and tricks of verbiage, as illustrated particularly in his romantic 'Adone', characterized a generation of writers.

=MARIVAUX, PIERRE CARLOT DE CHAMBLAIN DE.= _b._ 1688, _d._ 1763. =French novelist and dramatic writer.=

THE AGREEABLE SURPRISE. _Tr._ 1766.

PHARSAMOND: or, THE NEW KNIGHT ERRANT. In which is introduced the story of the Fair Anchoret, with that of Tarminia and her unfortunate daughter. _Tr._ by Mr. Lockman, 2 v., 1750.

[1] THE VIRTUOUS ORPHAN, or THE LIFE OF MARIANNE COUNTESSE OF ... _Tr._ 4 v., 1784.

[1] Among the first novels which delineated real life and manners.

M. appears to have distinctly influenced Richardson, whose 'Pamela' bears a strange similarity to 'Marianne'.

=MARMONTEL, JEAN FRANÇOIS.= _b._ 1723, _d._ 1799. =French dramatist and critic.=

MORAL TALES. _Tr._ C. Dennis and R. Lloyd. 3 v. 1764.

NEW MORAL TALES. _Tr._ 1792.

THE INCAS, OR THE DESTRUCTION OF PERU. _Tr._ 1777.

BELISARIUS. _Tr._ 1767.

SELECT MORAL TALES. _Tr._ [R. Roberts] 1763.

TALES OF AN EVENING. 4 v. _Tr._ 1792-94.

MEMOIRS, WRITTEN BY HIMSELF: containing his literary and political life, and anecdotes of the principal characters of the eighteenth century. _Tr._ 1805. 4 v.

=MAROT, CLEMENT.= _b._ 1495, _d._ 1544. =French poet.=

Some translations from Clement Marot will be found in 'Ronsard and La Pléiade'. By G. Wyndham, 1906.

Had a great influence upon the lyrics of Wyatt and Spenser. The latter copied Marot in his pastoral poems, or eclogues.

The 'Style Marotique' was imitated by La Fontaine and other French writers.

=MARTIAL= (=MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIALIS=). _b._ 43, _d._ 104. =Latin epigrammatic poet.=

FLOWERS OF EPIGRAMS, FROM MARTIAL AND OTHERS. _Tr._ by T. Kendall, 1577.

SALES EPIGRAMMATUM. Being the choycest disticks of Martials Fourteen books of epigrams. _Tr._ 1644.

SELECT EPIGRAMS OF MARTIAL. _Tr._ by Tho. May, 1629.

'The modern conception of epigram is entirely taken from the Latin form. Martial is the one model'. 'It is Martial who has determined the form and matter of the epigram for modern Europe'.

Jonson imitated Martial in his epigrams.

=MASSILON, JEAN B.= _b._ 1663, _d._ 1742. =French preacher.=

SERMONS. _Tr._ W. Dickson, 1798.

SERMONS ON THE DUTIES OF THE GREAT. _Tr._ Wm. Dodd, 1769.

THE CHARGES OF MASSILON: I, ON THE ART OF PREACHING. II, ON THE COMPOSITION OF A SERMON. _Tr._ T. St. John (the Rev. S. Clapham), 1805.

AN EPISCOPAL CHARGE.... _Tr._ 1784.

=MAUPASSANT, GUY DE.= _b._ 1850, _d._ 1893. =French poet.=

AFLOAT. _Tr._ by L. Ensor, 1889.

A LADIES' MAN (1887). _Tr._ 1888.

MADAME TELLIER'S GIRLS.... THE INHERITANCE.... BUTTER-BALL. _Tr._ E. Ellis, 1897.

MISS HARRIET. _Tr._ 1885.

THE ODD NUMBER. THIRTEEN TALES. _Tr._ J. Sturges, 1891.

ON THE RIVER. _Tr._ by J. Sturges, 1890.

PIERRE AND JEAN (1888). _Tr._ by C. Bell, 1890.

A WOMAN'S LIFE. _Tr._ 1885.

=MAZZINI, GIUSEPPE.= _b._ 1805, _d._ 1872. =Italian patriot and writer.=

THE DUTIES OF MAN (1858). _Tr._ 1862.

LIFE AND WRITINGS OF JOSEPH MAZZINI. 6 v. _Tr._ 1864-70.

THE ITALIAN QUESTION AND THE REPUBLICANS. _Tr._ 1861.

=MEINHOLD, JOHANN WILHELM.= _b._ 1797, _d._ 1851. =German writer and divine.=

[1] THE AMBER WITCH. _Tr._ by Lady Duff Gordon, 1844.

SIDONIA THE SORCERESS. _Tr._ 1861.

[1] Made a great sensation, and was regarded for some time as a true narrative. The English translation was characterized by a writer in the _Quarterly Review_ as a tale worthy of Defoe.

=MELUSINE= (=JEAN D'ARRAS=).

PROSE ROMANCE. _Ed._ A. K. Donald. E.E.T.S. Ex. Ser. lxviii. _See also_ =Parthenon=, p. 111.

=MENANDER.= _b._ 341 B.C. =Greek dramatic poet.=

FRAGMENTS. Translations of some of the Fragments of Menander by Jos. Warton will be found in the Adventurer, No. 105. Also in Fawkes's Poems, 1761, and Colman's version of Terence.

=MENDOZA, DIAGO DE.= _See_ =Lazarillo de Tormes=.

=MERIMÉE, PROSPER.= _b._ 1803, _d._ 1870. =French novelist and historian.=

CARMEN, (1845). _Tr._ 1845.

COLOMBA: a Corsican story ... (1840). _Tr._ by A. R. Scoble, 1853.

DEMETRIUS THE IMPOSTOR: an Episode in Russian History. _Tr._ by A. R. Scoble, 1853.

=MERLIN=; or, =The Early History of King Arthur=. _C._ 1450-60. Ed. H. B. Wheatley. E.E.T.S. 1860-69.

'An early chapter in the mythical history of Arthurian Britain. _Tr._ from a French romance (13th century) that was based on a poem by Robert de Borron. Covers in more prolix fashion the first five books of Malory'.

=METASTASIO, PIETRO TRAPASSI.= _b._ 1698, _d._ 1782. =Italian poet.=

ADRIANO IN SIRIA; drama, etc. [Altered from M.; Italian and English]. 1735.

ARTAXERXES; an opera. [Altered from M.]. _Tr._ 1734.

DEATH OF ABEL. An Oratorio ... _Tr._ 1768.

THE DESERT ISLAND; a dramatic poem. _Tr._ by A. Murphy, 1760.

DIDONE. _Tr._ 1754.

DRAMAS, AND OTHER POEMS. _Tr._ by John Hoole, 1800.

ENDIMIONE; Serenata. _Tr._ 1758.

THE PATRIOT; a tragedy. _Tr._ by Chas. Hamilton, 1784.

WORKS. _Tr._ by J. Hoole, 1767.

=MICHELET, JULES.= _b._ 1798, _d._ 1874. =French historian.=

ROMAN HISTORY: THE REPUBLIC (1831). _Tr._ 1847.

HISTORY OF FRANCE (1833). 4 v. _Tr._ D. K. Kelly, 1844-46.

HISTORY OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. 7 v. (1847-53.) _Tr._ by C. Cocks. 1847.

THE MARTYRS OF RUSSIA. _Tr._ 1851.

FRANCE BEFORE EUROPE. _Tr._ 1871.

LIFE OF LUTHER. _Tr._ W. Hazlitt, 1846.

PRIESTS, WOMEN AND FAMILIES. _Tr._ C. Cocks, 1845.

=MICKIEWICZ, ADAM.= _b._ 1798, _d._ 1855. =Polish poet.=

CONRAD WALLENROD: an historical poem. _Tr._ by J. Jablonski, 1841.

MASTER THADDEUS (PAN TADEUSZ); or, THE LAST FORAY IN LUTHANIA ... an historical epic poem. _Tr._ by N. A. Biggs, with a preface by W. R. Morfill, 1885.

=MIRACLE PLAYS.= _See under_ Name of plays as Coventry, Digby, etc.

=MOHAMMED.= _b._ 570, _d._ 632.

THE KORAN OF MOHAMMED. Translated. With explanatory notes and a preliminary discourse by George Sale, 1734.

THE ALCORAN OF MOHOMET, translated out of Aribique into French by Lieut. Du Ryer ... and newly Englished, for the satisfaction of all that desire to look into the Turkish vanities. (A needful Caveat, or Admonition for them who desire to know what use may be made of, or if there be danger in reading the Alcoran, by A. Ross, 1642.)

=MOLIÈRE, JEAN B. P.= _b._ 1622, _d._ 1673. =French dramatist.=

THE METAMORPHOSES; or, THE OLD LOVER OUTWITTED; a farce, (1669). _Tr._ by John Cory, 1704.

THE MISER: a comedy [in five acts and in prose]. (1667.) _Tr._ by T. Shadwell, 1672.

MONSIEUR DE POURCEAUGNAC; or, SQUIRE TRELOOBY. _Tr._ by J. Ozell, 1704.

QUACKS; or, LOVE THE PHYSICIAN (1665). _Tr._ by Mr. Swinny, 1705.

TARTUFFE; or THE FRENCH PURITAN; a comedy (1667). _Tr._ by M. Medburne, 1670.

WORKS; The first collected works were translated by J. Ozell, 6 v. 1714.

The writings of Molière were greatly influenced by the dramas of Plautus. His 'L'Avare' is from the 'Aulularia', and his 'Amphitryon' from 'Amphitruo'.

Molière was also influenced by the writings of Terence, and his 'Ecole des Maris' is from the 'Adelphi', and his 'Les Fourberies de Scapin' from the 'Phormio' of Terence.

The plays of M. were imitated by Wycherley and Farquhar and the post-Restoration dramatists. Meredith in his 'Essay on Comedy' admits his profound and salutary influence on English fiction.

Molière was copied, adapted, translated by English writers, and that not merely for reading, but for acting purposes. Dryden translated 'L'Etourdi' as 'Sir Martin Mar-All'; Vanburgh turned 'Le Dépit Amoureux' into 'The Mistake'; Wycherley offered 'The Plain Dealer' as a version of 'Le Misanthrope'; Fielding's 'Mock-Doctor' is 'Le Médecin Malgré Lui', his 'Miser' is Molière's 'L'Avare'; Colley Cibber converted 'Tartuffe' into 'The Non-Juror'.

=MONTAIGNE, MICHAEL E. DE.= _b._ 1533, _d._ 1589. =French philosopher and essayist.=

THE ESSAYS, (ESSAIS) or, MORALL, POLITIKE AND MILLITARIE DISCOURSES OF LO: M. DE MONTAIGNE ... now done into English by J. Florio, 1603.

The first model of the essay. To Elizabethan England the 'Essays' of M. were well-known either directly or through the translation of Florio. The 'Essays' of Bacon are clearly indebted to his example. How far his influence has extended is incalculable.

=MONTALBAN, PEREZ DE.=

THE SPANISH BAWDE. _Tr._ 1631. [Attached to Aleman's 'Spanish Rogue'].

AURORA AND THE PRINCE [novela of 'Successosy Prodigios de Amor']. By Don J. Perez de M. _Tr._ T[homas] S[tanley], 1647.

THE ILLUSTRIOUS SHEPHERDESS. _Tr._ 1656.

=MONTALEMBERT, CHARLES FORBES DE.= _b._ 1810, _d._ 1870. =French historian and political writer.=

THE CONVERSION OF ENGLAND, BEING A SEQUEL TO THE MONKS OF THE WEST. 3 v. _Tr._ 1867.

THE POLITICAL FUTURE OF ENGLAND. (1855). _Tr._ H. Barrow, 1856.

THE MONKS OF THE WEST. (1860). 7 v. _Tr._ 1861-79.

=MONTEMAYOR, GEORGE.= _b._ 1520. =Portuguese poet and novelist.=

DIANA. [With a second part of A. Perez and also a continuation: entitled, Enamoured Diana, by G. G. Polo.] _Tr._ by B. Yong, 1598.

Spenser's 'Shepherd's Calendar' and Sidney's 'Arcadia' are both influenced by M.

'From the "Arcadia" of Sanazzaro on the one hand, and from the "libros de caballerias" on the other, the Portuguese-Spaniard Montemayor created his famous "Diana." This work, like Sidney's "Arcadia," is partly in prose and partly in verse, and, in such English development as arose from the pastoral, the influence of the Spaniard must be reckoned with that of the Neapolitan. It appears in Spenser's "Shepheard's Calendar", and incidentally, it may be observed, that before writing his "Two Gentlemen of Verona" Shakespeare would seem at least to have been told of the substance of Montemayor'.

=MONTESQUIEU, CHARLES DE SECONDAT, BARON DE LA BRÉDE ET DE.= _b._ 1689, _d._ 1755. =French author.=

CURIOUS THOUGHTS ON THE HISTORY OF MAN. _Tr._ 1789.

MISCELLANEOUS PIECES. _Tr._ 1759.

[1] PERSIAN LETTERS. (LETTRES PERSANES 1721.) _Tr._ by J. Ozell, 1730.

REFLECTIONS ON THE RISE AND FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. (Causes de la Grandeau des Romains et de leur Decadence 1734.) _Tr._ 1751.

SPIRIT OF LAWS. (De l'Esprit des Lois, 1748). _Tr._ by Mrs. Nugent, 1752.

THE TEMPLE OF GNIDUS: a poem. _Tr._ by John Sayer, 1765.

WORKS. _Translated_, 1777.

[1] 'A criticism of the social and religious conditions of contemporary France. The book is an expression of freethought, and the reaction against monarchical and ecclesiastical despotism expressed later in the "Esprit des Lois"'.

=MONTI, VINCENZO.= _b._ 1754, _d._ 1828. =Italian poet.=

THE PENANCE OF HUGO, a Vision on the French Revolution.... _Tr._ by Henry Boyd, 1805.

ARISTODEMO. _Tr._ J. A. Favalli, 1809.

DEATH OF BASSEVILLE. _Tr._ [A. Lodge] 1845.

=MORTE ARTHUR.= (_In Stanzas._)

_Ed._ Roxburghe Club, 1819.

_Ed._ Furnivall, F. J., 1864.

_Ed._ Bruce, J. D. E.E.T.S., _Ex. Ser._ lxxxviii.

=MORTE ARTHURE=, probably by Huchown of the Awle Ryale, author of Swete Susan. See p. 76. (_Alliterative._) _C._ 1440.

_Ed._ Halliwell, 1847.

_Ed._ Perry and Brock, E.E.T.S., viii. 1865.

=MOTTEVILLE, MADAME DE.= _b._ 1612, _d._ 1689. =French memoir writer.=

MEMOIRS TOWARDS THE HISTORY OF ANNE OF AUSTRIA. 5 v. _Tr._ 1726.

=MUNCH, A.= _b._ 1811, _d._ 1884. =Norwegian poet.=

MAID OF NORWAY. _Tr._ Mrs. Birkbeck, 1877.

LORD WILLIAM RUSSELL. A TRAGEDY _Tr._ J. Chapman, 1858.

=MUNCHAUSEN, BARON.= _See_ =Baron Munchausen=.

=MURGER, HENRY.= _b._ 1822, _d._ 1861. =French novelist.=

BOHEMIANS OF THE LATIN QUARTER. _Tr._ 1887. (Scenes in Bohemian Life.)

=MUSÆUS.= 5th century. =Greek poet.=

THE DIVINE POEM OF MUSÆUS (HERO AND LEANDER). FIRST OF ALL BOOKES. _Tr._ Geo. Chapman, 1616.

THE SECOND PART OF THE LOVES OF HERO AND LEANDER, by H. Petowe, 1598.

MUSÆUS, OR THE LOVES OF HERO AND LEANDER. _Tr._ Sir Robert Stapylton, 1647.

_See also under_ Anacreon.

=MUSSET, LOUIS CHARLES ALFRED DE.= _b._ 1810, _d._ 1857. =French poet.=

FANTASIO: a proverbe [in two acts]. _Tr._ 1852.

A GOOD LITTLE WIFE. _Tr._ 1850.

THE POET AND THE MUSE: (La Nuit de Mai etc. (1830) with an introduction by W. H. Pollock. _Tr._ 1880.)

WORKS. (Comedies) _Tr._ and edited, with an introduction, by S. S. Gwynn, 1890.

=NEPOS, CORNELIUS.= B.C. 690? =Roman historian and biographer.=

LIFE AND DEATH OF POMPONIUS ATTICUS. _Tr._ 1677.

LIVES OF ILLUSTRIOUS MEN, Done into English by several gentlemen of the University of Oxford, 1684.

=NIBELUNGEN LIED.= 13th century. =Epic poem=, 'The Iliad of Germany'. Considered the most famous of the creations of mediæval Germany. Properly speaking the title is 'The Calamity of the Nibelungen'.

THE FALL OF THE NIBELUNGERS: Otherwise the Book of the Kriemhild. _Tr._ by W. N. Lettsom, 1850.

DAS NIBELUNGEN LIED, or, LAY OF THE LAST NIBELUNGEN. _Tr._ into English Verse after C. Lachmann's collated and corrected text by J. Birch, 1848.

This has been translated in parts on several occasions, and has recently formed the subject of several story-books for children.

=NICCOLINI, GIOVAMBATTISTA.= _b._ 1762, _d._ 1861. =Italian poet and dramatist.=

ARNOLD OF BRESCIA. _Tr._ T. Garrow, 1846.

=OEHLENSCHLÄGER, ADAM GOTTLOB.= _b._ 1779, _d._ 1850. =Danish poet.=

THE ADVENTURER. _In_ German Romances. _Tr._ 1826.

ALADDIN, or THE WONDERFUL LAMP. A dramatic poem. _Tr._ by Theodore Martin, 1857.

ALI UND VALBORD; a tragedy. _Tr._ by R. M. Laing, 1841.

THE GODS OF THE NORTH. _Tr._ by W. E. Frye, 1845.

HAKON JARL: a tragedy [1807]. _Tr._ 1840.

ROMANTIC BALLADS. _Tr._ by George Borrow, 1826.

=OHNET, GEORGES.= _b._ 1848. =French novelist.=

BATTLE OF LIFE. _Tr._ 1884.

CLOUD AND SUNSHINE. _Tr._ H. Shott, 1887.

COUNTESS SARAH. _Tr._ 1884.

DR. RAMEAU. _Tr._ 1889.

GREAT MARL-PIT. _Tr._ 1886.

IRONMASTER, THE. _Tr._ 1884.

LADY IN GREY. _Tr._ D. H. Fisher, 1896.

LAST LOVE. _Tr._ 1890.

LOVE'S DEPTHS. _Tr._ F. Rothwell, 1899.

PRINCE SERGE PANINE. _Tr._ 1883.

RIVAL ACTRESSES. _Tr._ 1889.

WEIRD GIFT. _Tr._ A. D. Vandam, 1890.

WILL. _Tr._ 1884.

=OMAR KHAYYAM.= _b._ 1017, _d._ 1124. =Persian poet.=

RUBÃIYAT OF. _Tr._ by Edward Fitzgerald, 1859.

[First published in Paris in 1857.] Fitzgerald tr. only a small selection of the quatrains and read into them a philosophy of his own.

=ORIGEN.= _b._ Alexandra, 185, _d._ 254. =Early Christian writer.=

THE COMPLAYNT OF MARY MAGDALEYNE [from Origen. By J. Lydgate]. _In_ Chaucer's Boke of Fame. [1526].

AN HOMILIE OF MARYE MAGDALENE, DECLARING HER FERVENT LOVE AND ZELE TOWARDS CHRIST. _Tr._ 1565.

ORIGEN AGAINST CELSUS. _Tr._ by James Bellamy, 1660.

=OVID= (=OVIDUS NASO PUBLIUS=). _b._ 43 B.C., _d._ 18 A.D. =Latin poet.=

ALL OVID'S ELEGIES: 3 books. _Tr._ by C.[hristopher] M.[arlow]. Epigrammes by J.[ohn] D.[avies] and C. M.[arlow], 1600.

THE ART OF LOVE. The Flores of Ovid de arte amandi with theyr englysshe before them: and two alphabete tablys ... 1513.

CERTAINE OF OVID'S ELEGIES. By C. Marlow. Epigrammes and Elegies by J. D.[avies] and C. M.[arlow], [1590.]

DE PONTO, FOUR BOOKS OF. _Tr._ by Wye Saltonstall, 1639.

FABLE OF OVID TRETING OF NARCISSUS. _Tr._ with a moral thereunto, very pleasant to rede. 1560.

FESTIVALS [THE FASTI], or ROMANE CALENDAR. _Tr._ by J. Gower, 1640.

THE XV BOOKES OF OVID, ENTYTLED METAMORPHOSES. _Tr._ by A. Golding, etc. 1567.

HEROYCAL EPISTLES. In English Verse. _Tr._ by Geo. Turberville, 1567.

IBIS. Invective against Ibis. _Tr._ by [Thos. Underdowne], 1567.

OVID. HIS BOKE OF METAMORPHOSES. _Tr._ by Wm. Caxton. [1480.]

THE TRISTIA; or, ELEGIES, etc. De Tristibus, the first three Bookes. _Tr._ by Thos. Churchyard, 1580.

Largely influenced Chaucer, Spenser, Milton, Pope and Shakespeare.

'In and before the poems of Chaucer, the poems of Ovid upon love and its cure were much drawn upon by writers of romance and allegories. They were the direct inspiration of much of the troubadour poetry of Provence, and thence of the mediaeval lyric verse of Europe in general. Ovidian borrowings are manifest in the "Romance of the Rose". Chaucer himself was a student of Ovid, Lucan, Virgil, "Stace" and also Livy. From Ovid's "Metamorphoses," and love-elegies in particular, he took much matter. Spenser's "Faerie Queene" is full of borrowings from Ovid's "Metamorphoses". The effect of Ovid on Shakespeare is manifest in his "Venus and Adonis"'.

=OWL AND THE NIGHTINGALE.= _C._ 1216.

_Ed._ Stevenson. Roxburghe Club, 1838, and R. Morris. Specimens.

Edited by T. Wright. Percy Soc., 1842.

=PAINTER, WM.= _See under_ =Italian Anthologies, etc.=

=PALMERIN D'OLIVA.=

THE MIRROUR OF NOBILITIE AND WONDER OF CHIVALRY.... Turned into English by [Anthony] M[unday]. 1637. 1st pt. _Tr._ 1588.

'This work was condemned by the licentiate in Don Quixote to be torn to pieces and burnt'.

=PALMERIN OF ENGLAND.=

THE HISTORIE OF PRINCE PALMERIN OF ENGLAND, 3 v. _Tr._ by A[nthony] M[unday]. 1602-9. Third bk. _Tr._ (1595).

'Ordered to be preserved by the licentiate in Don Quixote and kept as a singular piece'. Southey remarks that Munday began 'Palmerin' with some care, but soon resigned the task to others.

=PARIS, MATTHEW.= _d._ 1259.

ENGLISH CHRONICLES (Chronica Majora). From the Creation to 1259, containing the History of England (now ascribed to Roger of Wendover) and from 1235 to 1273 (the portion written by M. Paris). _Tr._ by J. A. Giles, 1849-54.

[M. P. is generally considered to be England's greatest mediæval historian.]

=PARTHENAY, ROMANS OF, OR OF LUSIGNEN.=

_Ed._ Prf. W. W. Skeat. E.E.T.S., 1866.

A VISION OF 'MELUSINE'. See p. 193.

=PASCAL, BLAISE.= _b._ 1623, _d._ 1662. =French philosopher and mathematician.=

LES PROVINCALES: or, THE MYSTERIE OF JESUITISM. _Tr._ 1657.

THOUGHTS ON RELIGION AND OTHER SUBJECTS. _Tr._ by J. Walker, 1688.

WORKS. _Tr._ by George Pearce. 3 v. 1849-50.

[Contains much that had never been translated before.]

=PATERCULUS, VELLEIUS.= B.C. 18. =Roman historian.=

ROMAN HISTORY. _Tr._ Sir Robert le Grys, 1632.

=PAUSANIAS.= 150 to 200. =Greek traveller and author.=

THE DESCRIPTION OF GREECE. _Tr._ Tom Taylor. 3 v. 1794.

AN EXTRACT OF PAUSANIUS. Of the Statues, Pictures and Temples in Greece. _Tr._ 1758.

=PEARL, THE.=

_Ed._ R. Morris, E.E.T.S., 1869. _Tr._ by I. Gollancz 1891.

'Ranks among the most charming of old English poems, both in thought and delicacy of feeling'.

=PELLICO, SILVIO.= _b._ 1788, _d._ 1854. =Italian poet.=

ON THE DUTIES OF MAN. _Tr._ T. Roscoe, 1837.

MY IMPRISONMENTS. _Tr._ [T. Roscoe], 1826.

=PERCEVAL, SIR, OF GALLES.= _See_ =Sir Percival=.

=PERRAULT, CHARLES.= _b._ 1628, _d._ 1703. =French author.=

CHARACTERS OF THE GREATEST MEN IN FRANCE DURING THE 17TH CENTURY (1696-1700). (Hommes Illustres de Siècle de Louis XIV). _Tr._ by J. Ozell, 1704-5.

FABLES IN ENGLISH AND FRENCH VERSE. _Tr._ 1741.

FAIRY TALES. (Histoires ou Contes du Temps Passé, 1697.)

=PERSIAN ANTHOLOGIES: COLLECTIONS.=

MESNEVI, THE. _Tr._ J. W. Redhouse. (Oriental Ser.). 1881.

PELLY, COL. SIR L. MIRACLE PLAYS OF HASAN AND HUSAIN. 2 v. 1879.

From oral tradition.

PHILLIPS, AMBROSE. _Tr._ PERSIAN TALES. 3 v. 1714-15.

PERSIAN TALES: a new translation, by Edward Button, 1754.

=PERSIUS= (=AULUS PERSIUS FLACCUS=). 50 A.D. =Latin satiric poet.=

HIS SATIRES. _Tr._ into English [verse], by Barton Holyday, etc., 1616.

=PETOFI, ALEX.= _b._ 1823-49. =Hungarian author.=

TRANSLATIONS FROM. By Sir J. Bowring, 1866.

SELECTIONS FROM THE POEMS OF P. _Tr._ H. Phillips, 1885.

=PETRARCH= (=FRANCESCA PETRARCA=). _b._ 1304, _d._ 1374. =Italian poet.=

COMPLAINTS. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the World's Vanities. _Tr._ by Ed. Sp.[enser], 1591.

PETRARCHES VISIONS, [being a translation ... of the Canzone 'Standomi un giorno solo, alla fenestra']. _Tr._ by Ed. Sp.[enser], 1591.

PHISICKE AGAINST FORTUNE. _Tr._ [by Thos. Twyne.] 1579.

SONNETS [30] AND [3] ODES. _Tr._ 1777.

A THEATRE WHERIN BE REPRESENTED THE MISERIES ... THAT FOLLOW THE VOLUPTUOUS WORLDLINGS, etc. [With Epigrams. _Tr._ from the Sonnets of Petrarch]. 1569.

THE TRYUMPHES OF FRAUNCES PETRACKE. _Tr._ by Henry Parker Knight ... Lorde Morley, 1565.

The form of the sonnets of Petrarch as introduced into England by Wyatt and Surrey became very popular in the time of Elizabeth. The following are amongst the more important writers of sonnets influenced by P.: Sidney, 'Astrophel and Stella'; Dryden, 'Idea'; Constable, 'Diana'; Daniel, 'Delia'; Watson, 'Teares of Fansie'; Spenser, 'Amoretta'; Shakespeare, 'Sonnets'; and Milton, 'Sonnets'; Tottel's 'Miscellany' (which as a collection of the Elizabethan poets) is markedly influenced by P.

=PETRONIUS.= _c._ 50. =Latin satirist.=

THE SATYR OF TITUS PETRONIUS ARBITER. _Tr._ by Wm. Burnaby and another Hand, 1694.

THE SATYRICAL WORKS OF T. PETRONIUS, ARBITER IN PROSE AND VERSE ... made English by Mr. Wilson, Mr. Burnaby, Mr. Blount, Mr. Brown, etc.... To which is added The Charms of Liberty ... 1708.

=PHAEDRUS.= _c._ 20. =Latin fabulist.=

FABLES. [