Chapter 26 of 27 · 24578 words · ~123 min read

CHAPTER XIV

Battery Books and Records. Rolls, Reports, and Returns. The Ration. Salt and Vinegar for Public Animals. The Travel-ration. Present Organization of U. S. Light Field-battery. Cost of a Battery of Four 3.2-inch Guns, in Detail. Price-list of Artillery-harness. Price-list of Harness for 1.65-inch Mountain-gun. Price-list of Artillery Accoutrements, etc. Price-list of Horse Equipments. Price-list of Stencil and Marking Outfits. Supply Table of Ordnance Stores for a Battery of Light Artillery for Six Months. Allowance of Ammunition for Target Practice. Standard Supply Table of Veterinary Medicines. Tableware and Kitchen Utensils. Allowance of Clothing, Equipage, Fuel, Lights, etc. Weights of Certain Articles of Clothing and Equipage. Pay Table of Enlisted Men. Summary Court, and List of Punishments. U. S. Signal and Telegraph Code. Penetration of Projectiles. Cover for Field-artillery. Treatment of Sick Men. Tables of Weights, Measures, etc. Tables for Converting Customary and Metric Weights and Measures. Salutes. Camp Furniture and Mess Outfits for Officers.

BATTERY BOOKS AND RECORDS.

Sick report book; company clothing book; morning report book; guard report book; descriptive and deposit book--all obtained from adjutant-general. Order book; letters received book; index to letters received; letters sent book; index to letters sent; descriptive book of public animals--all obtained from quartermaster-general. Artillery practice report book--from chief of ordnance. Battery council book; roster book.

ROLLS, REPORTS, AND RETURNS.

---------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+---------- Designation. | To Whom | When Made.|When Sent. |By Whom. | Sent. | | | ---------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+---------- Muster roll[12] |Adjt. Gen.|Every month| Within 3 |Mustering of battery. | | | days |officer | | | | Inventory of effects | " " |Immediately|Immediately|Battery of deceased soldiers.| | | |com'dr | | | | Final statements of | " " | " | " | " deceased soldiers. | | | | | | | | Certificates of | " " | " | " |Post disability | | | |com'dr (in duplicate). | | | | | | | | Return of Ord. |Chief of | End of | Within 20 |Battery and Ord. stores. |Ordnance | month | days |com'dr | | | | Return of battery | Regtl. | " | " 3 | " | adjutant | | | | | | | Transcript of orders | " |Immediately|Immediately| " making temporary | | | | appointments | | | | of or reducing N. | | | | C. officers at posts | | | | not regtl. headqrs. | | | | | | | | Abstract of battery | " | End of | Next day | " fund. | | quarter | | | | | | Morning report |Post adjt.| Every | Before | " | | morning | 8 A.M. | | | | | Monthly return of | " " | End of | First of | " battery (to be | |every month|subsequent | returned for file). | | | month | | | | | Return of battery | " " | End of | " " | " fund (with council | | every | | book). | | quarter | | | | | | Req. for fuel, | " " | End of | End of | " forage, and straw. | |every month|every month| | | | | Req. for salt and | " " | " " | " " | " vinegar | | | | | | | | Ration return | " " | On days designated | " | | by C.O. | | | | | Estimate of C. and | " " | Jan. 1, | | E., 6 months' supply.| | Apl. 1, | | | | July 1, | | | | Oct. 1. | | | | | | Req. for stationery. | " " | End of | First of | " | | every | subsequent| | | quarter | month | ---------------------+----------+-----------+-----------+----------

THE RATION.

---------------------+--------+--------+--------+-------------+-------- Article. | 1 | 50 | 100 | 1000 |Bulk of | Ration.|Rations.|Rations.| Rations. | 1000 | | | +-----+-------+Rations. | | | | | | | | | | Net.|Gross. | ---------------------+--------+--------+--------+-----+-------+-------- {Fresh beef, or other| oz. | Lbs. | Lbs. | Lbs.| Lbs. |Barrels. fresh meat |20 | 62½ | 125 | 1250| | {Or salt beef |22 | 68¾ | 137½ | 1375| | 6.875 {Or salt pork |12 | 37½ | 75 | 750| 1219 | 3.75 {Or bacon |12 | 37½ | 75 | 750| 903 | 4.9 {Or dried fish[13] |14 | 43¾ | 87½ | 875| | {Pickled or fresh | | | | | | { fish[13] |18 | 56¾ | 112½ | 1125| | Potatoes |16 | 50 | 100 | 1000| | 4.66 {Or potatoes |12.8 | 40 | 80 | 800| | {And onions | 3.2 | 10 | 20 | 200| | | | | | | | {Or potatoes |11.2 | 35 | 70 | 700| | {And tomatoes | 4.8 | 15 | 30 | 300| | {Or other fresh | | | | | | { vegetable | | | | | | | | | | | | {Sugar | 2.4 | 7½ | 15 | 150| | .62 {Or molasses | | | | | | {Or syrup |.64 gill| 1 gal. | 2 | 20 | | | | | gals. |gals.| | Salt | .64 | 2 | 4 | 40 | | .16 Pepper | .04 | ⅛ | ¼ | 2½| | {Flour |18 | 56¼ | 112½ | 1125| 1234 | 5.74 {Or soft bread |18 | 56¼ | 112½ | 1125| | {Or hard bread |16 | 50 | 100 | 1000| 1229 |12 {Or corn-meal |20 | 62½ | 125 | 1250| | | | | | | | {Beans or peas | 2.4 | 7½ | 15 | 150| 177 | .7 {Or rice or hominy | 1.6 | 5 | 10 | 100| 115 | .46 | | | | | | {Coffee, green | 1.6 | 5 | 10 | 100| 122 | .58 {Or coffee roasted | 1.28 | 4 | 8 | 80| 108 | .83 {Or tea | .32 | 1 | 2 | 20| 25 | .16 Soap | .648 | 2 | 4 | 40| 47 | .19 Candles (if no oil) | .24 | ¾ | 1½ | 15| 16.5| .89 Yeast-powder | | | | | | (in the field) | .64 | 2 | 4 | 40| | Vinegar | .04 qt.| ½ gal. | 1 gal. | 10 |107½ | .09 | | | |gals.| | ---------------------+--------+--------+--------+-----+-------+--------

SALT AND VINEGAR FOR PUBLIC ANIMALS.

--------+----------------------+---------------------- | Salt. | Vinegar. No. of +---------+------------+---------------------- Animals.|Quantity |Quantity per| Quantity per Week. |per Week.|Month, When | | | Necessary. | --------+---------+------------+-----+----+----+------ |Lbs.| Oz.| Lbs.| Oz. |Gals.|Qts.|Pts.|Gills. 1 | | 2 | | 12 | | | | .64 5 | | 10 | 3 | 12 | | | | 3.2 10 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 8 | | | 1 | 2.4 50 | 6 | 4 | 37 | 8 | 1 | -- | -- | -- 100 | 12 | 8 | 75 | -- | 2 | -- | -- | -- --------+----+----+-----+------+-----+----+----+------

THE "TRAVEL-RATION."

Articles. Per 100 Rations.

Soft bread pounds 112½ or hard bread pounds 100 Beef, canned pounds 75 Baked beans, 1-pound cans number 33 or baked beans, 3-pound cans number 15 Coffee, roasted pounds 8 Sugar pounds 8 Canned tomatoes (after 4 consecutive days of above) pounds 100

=Present Organization of Light Field-battery.=--1 captain, 2 first lieutenants, 2 second lieutenants, 1 first sergeant, 6 sergeants, 4 corporals, 2 musicians, 2 artificers, 1 wagoner, 59 privates. Total commissioned 5. Total enlisted 75.

=Special-duty Men Allowed in a Light Battery.=--1 N. C. O. to take immediate charge of police, etc., of stable and picket-line, 1 clerk, 1 tailor, 1 cook, 1 assistant cook, when necessary (the head cook is allowed 25 cents per day from company fund); 1 N. C. O. (detailed from roster) to supervise rooms and gun-racks.

COST OF EQUIPMENT (EXCLUSIVE OF AMMUNITION) FOR A FOUR-GUN 3.2-INCH FIELD-BATTERY, WITH COMBINED BATTERY-WAGON AND FORGE.

(Total Cost as herein indicated $17595.71.)

-------------------------------------------+-----------+----------- | Price. | Amount. +-----------+----------- Articles. |Dolls.|Cts.|Dolls.|Cts. -------------------------------------------+------+----+------+---- 4 3.2-inch B. L. steel guns | 1022 | 00 | 4088 | 00 4 3.2-inch carriages and limbers | | | | (cost of brake included) | 1316 | 74 | 5266 | 96 4 3.2-inch caissons and limbers | 721 | 50 | 2886 | 00 1 combined forge and battery wagon | 816 | 00 | 816 | 00 9 sets artillery-harness for 2 wheel-horses| 170 | 59 | 1535 | 31 9 sets artillery-harness for 2 lead-horses | 138 | 81 | 1249 | 29 | | | | ON EACH CARRIAGE. | | | | | | | | 1 pair bow-spring recoil-brakes | 62 | 50 | | 1 sponge and rammer, jointed, for bore | 6 | 00 | 6 | 00 2 short rammers and sponges, | | | | combined, for chamber | 9 | 00 | 18 | 00 1 sponge-cover, bore-sponge | | 40 | | 40 2 sponge-covers, chamber-sponge | | 45 | | 90 1 prolonge (section of picket-rope) | 8 | 60 | 8 | 60 1 combination screw-driver } {| 1 | 28 | 1 | 28 1 gunners' gimlet } {| | 24 | | 24 1 gunners' reamer } {| | 50 | | 50 1 priming-wire } in trail-box {| | 10 | | 10 1 vent-punch } {| | 50 | | 50 1 front sight } {| 8 | 00 | 8 | 00 | | | | WITH EACH CARRIAGE-LIMBER. | | | | | | | | 1 breech-sight, bronze | 36 | 00 | 36 | 00 1 breech-sight pouch | 1 | 81 | 1 | 81 2 gunners' haversacks | 2 | 20 | 4 | 40 2 primer-pouches | 1 | 33 | 2 | 66 2 lanyards, new pattern | | 68 | 1 | 36 1 fuze-punch | | 50 | | 50 1 front-sight cover | | 67 | | 67 1 combined tompion and muzzle-cover | | 93 | | 93 1 breech-cover | 3 | 77 | 3 | 77 1 breech-strap | | 96 | | 96 1 sperm-oiler, rectangular, brass | | 50 | | 50 1 wheel-grease can | 2 | 09 | 2 | 09 1 wheel-grease can knife | | 75 | | 75 2 watering-buckets, canvas, folding | 1 | 45 | 2 | 90 1 tool-box | 1 | 36 | 1 | 36 1 screw-wrench, 12-inch | | 49 | | 49 1 iron nut-wrench, 12 inches long | 1 | 50 | 1 | 50 1 ¾-inch cold chisel, 8 inches long | | 25 | | 25 1 8-inch hand bastard file | | 08 | | 08 1 hand-hammer, 12¼-inch handle | | 70 | | 70 1 small steel punch | | 18 | | 18 1 neck-yoke | 8 | 00 | 8 | 00 1 doubletree | 7 | 55 | 7 | 55 2 singletrees | 2 | 32 | 4 | 64 2 paulins, 12 × 12 feet, dyed duck | 9 | 77 | 19 | 54 1 cushion, canvas and hair | 7 | 48 | 7 | 48 1 padlock for ammunition-chest | | 60 | | 60 | | | | ON EACH CAISSON-BODY. | | | | | | | | 1 manœuvring-handspike | 1 | 10 | 1 | 10 2 shovels, long-handled | | 50 | 1 | 00 2 spades, short-handled | | 80 | 1 | 60 2 pickaxes, handled | | 75 | 1 | 50 2 axes, handled | | 75 | 1 | 50 2 lanterns, with Cranston attachment | | 59 | 1 | 18 1 prolonge (section of picket-rope) | 8 | 60 | 8 | 60 1 spare pole | 26 | 16 | 6 | 16 1 spare wheel[14] | 2 | 00 | 22 | 00 2 paulins, 12 × 12 feet, dyed duck | 9 | 77 | 19 | 54 2 padlocks for ammunition-chest | | 60 | 1 | 20 2 cushions, canvas and hair | 7 | 48 | 14 | 96 | | | | WITH EACH CAISSON-LIMBER. | | | | | | | | 1 wheel-grease can | 2 | 09 | 2 | 09 1 wheel-grease can knife | | 75 | | 75 2 paulins, 12 × 12 feet, dyed duck | 9 | 77 | 19 | 54 1 neck-yoke | 8 | 00 | 8 | 00 1 doubletree | 7 | 55 | 7 | 55 2 singletrees | 2 | 32 | 4 | 64 2 watering-buckets, canvas, folding | 1 | 45 | 2 | 90 1 cushion, canvas and hair. | 7 | 48 | 7 | 48 1 padlock for ammunition-chest | | 60 | | 60 | | | | ON LIMBER OF FORGE AND BATTERY-WAGON. | | | | | | | | 1 neck-yoke | 8 | 00 | 8 | 00 1 doubletree | 7 | 55 | 7 | 55 2 singletrees | 2 | 32 | 4 | 64 2 paulins, 12 × 12 feet | 9 | 77 | 9 | 77 2 watering-buckets, canvas, folding | 1 | 45 | 1 | 45 1 wheel-grease can | 2 | 09 | 2 | 09 1 wheel-grease can knife | 2 | 75 | | 75 1 canvas coal-bag (3 bushels) | | 40 | 2 | 40 200 pounds horseshoes | |03-9/10|78 | 00 50 pounds horseshoe-nails | | 16 | 8 | 00 Blacksmith's tools (forge-chest): | | | | 1 forge, portable, Empire | | | | (modified for army use) | 19 | 75 | 19 | 75 2 aprons, leather, smith's | 1 | 29 | 2 | 58 1 hammer, hand, handled | | 70 | | 70 1 hammer, riveting | | 30 | | 30 1 hammer, shoeing | | 25 | | 25 1 pair tongs for holding ¼-inch iron | | 75 | | 75 1 pair tongs for holding ½-inch iron | | 75 | | 75 1 pair tongs, smith's, 11-inch | | 84 | | 84 1 chisel, handled, for cutting hot iron | | 50 | | 50 1 chisel, handled, for cutting cold iron | | 50 | | 50 1 fore-punch and creaser (on one handle) | | 22 | | 22 1 chisel, hand, cold | | 25 | | 25 1 pritchel | | 08½| | 08½ | | | | ON LIMBER OF FORGE AND BATTERY-WAGON. | | | | | | | | 1 shoeing-rasp, 16-inch | | 42 | | 42 1 flat bastard file, 12-inch | | 16 | | 16 1 round punch, hand | | 07 | | 07 1 hardie | | 09 | | 09 1 screw-wrench, 12-inch | | 49 | | 49 2 shoeing-knives | | 25 | | 25 1 toe-knife | | 07 | | 07 1 shoeing-pincers | | 42 | | 42 1 clinching-iron | | 30 | | 30 1 nail-punch | | 06 | | 06 1 rule (2-foot), wood, 4-fold, | | | | No. 72, Stanley | | 15 | | 15 1 square, steel | | 40 | | 40 1 oiler, brass | | 07 | | 07 1 shoeing-box, sole-leather | 1 | 50 | 1 | 50 1 file-handle, iron, 6-inch | | 30 | | 30 1 wrench, small, for forge | | 50 | | 50 1 fire-rake | | 14 | | 14 1 fire-shovel | | 28 | | 28 2 small canvas bags for nails and | | | | small stores | | 62 | | 62 1 padlock (and key) | | 60 | | 60 | | | | ON BODY OF FORGE AND BATTERY-WAGON. | | | | | | | | 2 water-buckets, galvanized sheet-iron | 1 | 10 | 2 | 20 1 prolonge (section of picket-rope) | 8 | 60 | 8 | 60 2 lanterns, with Cranston attachment | | 59 | 1 | 18 1 oil-can, sperm (2¼ pints) | | 50 | | 50 1 oil-can, coal (3 gallons) | 3 | 20 | 3 | 20 1 grindstone, arbor, crank, and frame | | | | (iron), complete | 16 | 25 | 16 | 25 1 lunette-prop | | 70 | | 70 2 jackscrews | 9 | 50 | 19 | 00 1 hammer, sledge, medium | | 90 | | 90 1 anvil (100 pounds) | 5 | 25 | 5 | 25 1 vise, forge | | 84 | | 84 2 padlocks (and keys) | | 60 | 1 | 20 Saddler's tools (chest): | | | | 1 saddler's tool-chest (handled) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 1 knife, round | | 90 | | 90 1 knife, shoe | | 17 | | 17 1 draw-gauge | 1 | 10 | 1 | 10 6 awls, stitching, handled (assorted) | | 05½| | 33 1 rivet-set (two holes) | | 25 | | 25 1 revolving punch, four tubes, | | | | Nos. 4, 5, 6, and 7 | | 55 | | 55 1 claw-tool | | 12 | | 12 1 compasses, 6-inch | | 12 | | 12 1 creaser, wood | | 17 | | 17 1 cutting-nippers, 10-inch | 1 | 50 | 1 | 50 1 hammer, riveting | | 30 | | 30 1 edge-tool, No. 2 | | 12½| | 12½ 1 rule (2-foot), No. 18, 2-fold | | 15 | | 15 1 oil-stone | 2 | 70 | 2 | 70 1 pliers (large), 6-inch | | 25 | | 25 | | | | ON BODY OF FORGE AND BATTERY-WAGON. | | | | | | | | 1 driving-punch, No. 5 | | 09 | | 09 1 stitching-horse, complete | 3 | 67 | 3 | 67 2 small canvas bags for small stores | | 62 | 1 | 24 Carpenter's and wheelwright's | | | | tools (chest): | | | | 1 carpenter's and wheelwright's | | | | tool-chest, handled | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 1 brace with 12 bits, assorted | 1 | 55 | 1 | 55 1 drawing-knife, 12-inch | | 50 | | 50 1 hand-saw, 20-inch | | 30 | | 30 1 rip-saw, 26-inch | | 85 | | 85 1 hand-axe, No. 7 | | 84 | | 84 1 hammer, claw | | 50 | | 50 4 chisels, framing--¾-inch, | | | | 1-inch, 1½-inch, 2-inch | | | 1 | 34 3 gouges, framing--½-inch, | | | | 1-inch, 1½-inch | | | 1 | 35 1 screw-wrench, 12-inch | | 49 | | 49 1 plane, jack | | 42 | | 42 1 plane, smoothing | | 40 | | 40 1 spoke-shave | | 18 | | 18 1 rule (2-foot), No. 72, 4-fold, Stanley | | 15 | | 15 10 brad-awls, assorted, with | | | | (and contained in) handle | | | | 42 1 square, trying, 9-inch | | 22 | | 22 1 awl, scribing | | 08 | | 08 12 files, saw, assorted--4-inch and 6-inch | | | | 66 1 rasp, wood, 10-inch | | 32 | | 32 1 file, wood, 10-inch | | 12½| | 12½ 1 oiler, brass | | 12 | | 12 1 oil-stone, 8-inch | 2 | 70 | 2 | 70 1 gauge | | 06 | | 06 1 compasses, 10-inch wing | | 25 | | 25 1 table-vise | 1 | 40 | 1 | 40 1 pincers, small | | 12½| | 12½ 1 mallet, wood | 40 | | | 40 6 auger-bits--¼-inch, ½-inch, | | | | ¾-inch, 1-inch, 1¼-inch, 1½-inch | | | 1 | 43 2 screw-driver bits--½-inch and ¾-inch | | | | 15 1 patent auger-handle | | 18 | | 18 3 file-handles, iron--4-inch flat, | | | | 4-inch round, 5-inch | | | | 65 1 linen tape-line ("Chesterman" | | | | Sheffield), 100 feet | 2 | 35 | 2 | 35 2 small canvas bags for small stores | | 62 | 1 | 24 --------------------------------------------+------+----+------+----

SUPPLIES, CLEANING MATERIAL, SPARE PARTS, ETC., CARRIED IN BATTERY-WAGON BODY.

SUPPLIES.

2 sides leather, bridle (24 pounds). 1 side leather, harness (20 pounds). 2 pounds beeswax. 3 pounds black wax. 36 buckles. 2 papers tacks, copper. 3 papers tacks, iron. 2 pounds rivets and burrs, copper. 2 pounds thread, patent. 5 pounds thread, shoe. 5 needles, collar. 50 needles, saddler's, assorted. 4 thimbles. 10 pounds nails. 1 gross wood screws. 6 pieces sash-cord, braided (13½ pounds). 85 pounds bar iron, assorted, 40 pounds toe-steel. 250 pounds coal, bituminous. 3 gallons coal-oil. 50 pounds wheel-grease.

MATERIAL FOR CLEANING AND PRESERVATION.

4 gallons neat's-foot oil (2 cans). 2¼ pints sperm-oil. 20 pounds harness-soap. 10 pounds sponge. 4 quires sand-paper. 6 quires emery-cloth. 2 pounds rotten stone. 25 papers tripoli.

SPARE PARTS--GUN.

4 carrier latch-pins. 8 carrier latch-pin springs. 2 gas-check pads. 1 steel split ring. 4 vent-bushings, copper.

SPARE PARTS--CARRIAGE.

1 bow-spring brake. 2 singletrees. 1 doubletree. 1 neck-yoke. 4 pole-pads. 12 linch-pins. 8 linch-washers. 4 ammunition-chest bolts and nuts. 2 turnbuckles for ammunition-chests. 2 breech-strap eye-washers. 2 nuts for assembling-bolts for lazy-tongs. 2 springs for pole-prop at end of pole. 4 lid-props. 4 lid-prop plate pivots. 1 pintle-key and chain.

SPARE PARTS--HARNESS.

6 breast-straps. 6 bridles and bits, artillery, N. P. 4 collars steel. 9 girths, hair, artillery, N. P. 6 halters, artillery, N. P. 50 halter-straps. 4 martingales. 2 neck-yoke pads. 10 surcingles. 2 traces, lead, artillery, N. P. 2 traces, wheel, artillery, N. P.

STEEL COLLAR.

2 trace-plates. 4 draft-springs. 4 pad-hooks. 2 pad bolts and nuts. 2 nuts for pad-bolts. 2 buckle-latches. 6 buckle-springs. 6 bolts and nuts for top connection. 4 nuts for top-connection bolts. 6 bolts and nuts for bottom of collar. 4 nuts for bottom bolts. 6 bolts and nuts for extension. 4 nuts for extension-bolts. 6 bolts and nuts for trace-plate. 4 nuts for trace-plate bolts. 12 back-straps. 8 back-strap connections. 6 collar-pads, canvas.

TOOLS AND IMPLEMENTS.

3 gunners' gimlets. 3 vent-punches. 3 priming-wires. 2 fuze-wrenches. 4 fuze-punches. 24 fuze-punch pins. 1 obturator spindle and wrench. 4 whips, artillery. 2 pickaxe-handles. 2 axe-helves. 4 short rammers and sponges, combined. 1 sponge and rammer, jointed. 2 sponge-heads and sponges for short rammers and sponges, combined. 1 rammer-head for short rammers and sponges, combined. 2 sponge-heads and sponges for jointed sponge and rammer. 1 rammer-head for jointed sponge and rammer.

PRICE-LIST OF ARTILLERY-HARNESS.

(NEW PATTERN.)

--------------------------------+-------------+------------- | Wheel. | Lead. +------+------+------------- Components. | Near | Off | Near | Off |Horse.|Horse.|Horse.|Horse. --------------------------------+---+--+---+--+---+--+---+-- BREAST-STRAP. |$ |c.|$ |c.|$ |c.|$ |c. | | | | | | | | Strap | |85| |85| | | | Double hooks, 2 @ $3.50 each | 7|00| 7 |00| | | | Breast-strap complete | 7|85| 7 |85| | | | | | | | | | | | BREECHING. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Body | 3|98| 3|98| | | | Side-straps, 2 @ 56c. each | 1|12| 1|12| | | | Breeching complete | 5|10| 5|10| | | | | | | | | | | | BRIDLE. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Curb-bit, Shoemaker | 2|25| 2|25| 2|25| 2|25 Curb-strap | |34| |34| |34| |34 Cheek-pieces, 2 @ 28c. each | |56| |56| |56| |56 Crownpiece | |25| |25| |25| |25 Reins | 1|04| 1|04| 1|04| 1|04 Throat-lash | |15| |15| |15| |15 Brow-band | |28| |28| |28| |28 Brow-band ornaments, | | | | | | | | 2 @ 8c. each | |16| |16| |16| |16 Coupling-strap | | | |70| | | |70 Bridle complete | 5|03| 5|73| 5|08| 5|78 | | | | | | | | HALTER. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Head-stall | 1|90| 1|90| 1|90| 1|90 Strap | |50| |50| |50| |50 Halter complete | 2|40| 2|40| 2|40| 2|40 Leg-guard | 3|22| | | | | | Loin-strap | |55| |55| |55| |55 Trace-loops, 2 @ 32c. each | |64| |64| |64| |64 Martingale | 2|14| 2|14| | | | | | | | | | | | SADDLE. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Saddle-trees, leather-covered, | | | | | | | | spring bar attached | 9|27| 9|27| 9|27| 9|27 Back-straps, 2 @ 83c. each | 1|66| 1|66| 1|66| 1|66 Cincha-straps, 2 @ 50c. each | 1|00| 1|00| 1|00| 1|00 Stirrups, brass, 2 @ $1.20 each | 2|40| 2|40| 2|40| 2|40 Stirrup straps and sweat-leather| | | | | | | | attached, 2 @ $1.48 each | 2|96| 2|96| 2|96| 2|96 Rawhide thongs, 3 @ 5c. each | |15| |15| |15| |15 Lead rein roller and strap | | | |35| | | |35 Cantle-hook | 2|70| 2|70| | | | Saddle complete | 20|14| 20|49| 17|44| 17|79 Saddle-cloth, hair | 4|50| 4|50| 4|50| 4|50 Saddle-cloth, duck | 2|12| 2|12| 2|12| 2|12 Saddle-bags | 5|17| 5|17| 5|17| 5|17 Hair girth | 1|20| 1|20| 1|20| 1|20 Traces, wheel, 2 @ $7.00 each | 14|00| 14|00| | | | Traces, lead, 2 @ $8.95 each | | | | | 17|90| 17|90 Whip | 1|14| | | 1|14| | Collar, steel locking | 9|00| 9|00| 9|00| 9|00 Crupper and hip-straps | 2|23| 2|23| 1|72| 1|72 Trace-loops, 2 @ 32c. each | | | | | |64| |64 Crupper and hip-straps complete| 2|23| 2|23| 2|36| 2|36 +---+--+---+--+---+--+---+---- Total | 87|00| 83|59| 69|45| 69|36 --------------------------------+---+--+---+--+---+--+---+----

Cost of one set of harness for 2 wheel-horses $170.59 Cost of one set of harness for 2 lead-horses 138.81

COST OF PACKING OUTFIT FOR HOTCHKISS MOUNTAIN-GUN (CAL. 1.65-INCH).

Pack-saddle for gun $44.16 Crupper 4.10 Belly-cincha 4.85 Saddle-cincha 3.89 Cargo-cincha 9.24 Wheel-straps .17 Hub-straps .40 Gun-pad 1.30 Lashing-rope .25 -------$68.36

Pack-saddle for carriage 41.44 Crupper 4.10 Belly-cincha 3.63 Saddle-cincha 3.89 Cargo-cincha 6.45 Trail-strap .14 Lashing-rope .25 ------- 59.90

Pack-saddle for ammunition 48.94 Crupper 4.10 Belly-cincha 3.63 Saddle-cincha 3.89 Cargo-cincha 3.92 Lashing-rope .25 ------- 64.73

HARNESS, ETC.

Bridles, 2 at $1.92 each 3.84 Breast-collars, 2 at $2.72 each 5.44 Martingales, 2 at 77 cents each 1.54 Breechings, 2 at $3.61 each 7.22 Traces, 2 pairs at $1.30 per pair 2.60 Pole-straps, 2 at 26 cents each .52 ------ 21.16

Harness-sack 1.26 Neck-yoke .75 Neck-yoke brace .40 Neck-yoke brace-billet and chapes .12 ------ 1.27

Pole $41.21 Splinter-bar $7.51 Trail-hooks for attachment of splinter-bar 1.60 ------ 9.11 Ammunition-boxes, 4 at $3.18 each 12.72 Cartridge-pack 2.54 ------ Total 282.26

CLASS VI. OFFICERS' SABRES.

Sabre complete with scabbard $16.00 Scabbard 5.00 Chamois case .75

CLASS VI. SABRE AND KNIFE FOR ENLISTED MEN.

Sabre complete $5.00 Hunting-knife 1.10

CLASS VII. ARTILLERY ACCOUTREMENTS. ETC.

-----------------------------------------------------+----------- | Price. Components. +------+---- |Dolls.|Cts. -----------------------------------------------------+------+---- Light-artillery sabre-belt, with slings, etc. $0.99 }| | Light-artillery sabre-belt plate .18 }| | Light-artillery sabre-belt complete | 1 | 17 | | Light-artillery knapsack | 4 | 00 Pistol-cartridge pouch | | 60 Pistol-holster | | 79 Sabre-knot | | 55 Canteen | | 53 Canteen-strap with snap, short, for saddle | | 20 Canteen-strap for dismounted service | | 29 Haversack | | 88 Haversack-strap | | 56 Meat-can | | 28 Tin cup | | 15 Knife | | 07 Fork | | 05 Spoon | | 02½ | | Snap-hook for canteen-strap | | 02 Snap-hook for sabre-sling | | 32

OFFICER'S BLACK LEATHER SWORD-BELT FOR FIELD SERVICE.

Note.--All the metallic parts of the officer's sword-belt are of brass, gold-plated.

CLASS VII. HORSE EQUIPMENTS.

(See also ARTILLERY-HARNESS.)

SADDLE. (See _Artillery-harness_.)

Sabre-straps, 2 at 10½ cents each $0 21 Stirrups, wood (without hoods), 2 at 21 cents each 42 Stirrup-hoods, 2 at 57½ cents each 1 15 Stirrup-straps, 2 at 50 cents each 1 00

CURB-BRIDLE. (See _Artillery-harness_.)

WATERING-BRIDLE.

Watering-bit complete $0 73 Reins 50 ------ Watering-bridle complete $1 23

Curry-comb $0 23 Double spring snap for lariats 14 Harness-sack for artillery-harness 3 15 Horse-brush 90 Horse-cover, cotton duck, with surcingle of the same material attached 3 29 Lariat 86 Link, with snap 29 Mane-comb 08 Nose-bag 95 Picket-pin 34 Saddle-blanket, artillery 3 25 Saddle-cloth for officers of artillery 5 05 Brow-band, scarlet, officer's 49 Breast-straps, scarlet, officer's 2 55 Side-lines (or hopples) 1 20 Stirrup, with hood and socket for guidon attached 1 34 Sweat-leathers, each 55 Surcingle 91 Spurs, per pair 70 Spur-straps, per pair 20

SPURS FOR OFFICERS.

2 spurs, 60 cents each $1 20 2 spur-chains, 40 cents each 80 2 spur-straps, 6½ cents each 13 2 spur-strap buckles, 15¾ cents each 31½ 1 packing-box, pasteboard 05½ ---------- 1 pair spurs $2 50

STENCIL OUTFIT.

1 stencil-plate of sheet brass, with coat of arms of the service, number of regiment, and letter of company $0 75 10 metal stencil-plates, numbers O to 9 16½ 1 stencil-brush 15 1 box of black marking-paste 08 1 packing-box 16½ ---------- Price of stencil outfit complete $1 31

MARKING OUTFIT.

1 stamp $1 06 1 stamp-holder 55 2 thumb-screws, at 4 cents each 08 1 company letter 05¼ 19 figures and 1 blank, at 3 cents each 60 1 brass mallet 49 1 ink-pad 05¼ 1 glass bottle, ground-glass stopper 10½ 4 ounces indelible ink 09 1 inking-stick 02 1 packing box 43 ---------- Price of marking outfit complete $3 53

In Class III. Artillery Implements and Equipments.

Lanterns, common $1 00 " dark 1 25 " globe 1 25

SUPPLY TABLE OF ORDNANCE STORES FOR SIX MONTHS OF A FOUR-GUN BATTERY OF LIGHT ARTILLERY--3.2-INCH RIFLES.

Expendible stores are marked with a star (thus *), and must not be dropped until actually used.

I. _Battery Equipment._

4 short rammers and sponges combined. 1 sponge and rammer, jointed. 2 sponge-hds.--chamber-sponge* 1 sponge-head--bore-sponge.* 2 rammer-heads--chamber.* 1 rammer-head--bore.* 8 sponges, woollen, chamber.* 4 sponges, woollen, bore.* 2 sponge-covers--bore-sponge. 3 sponge-covers--chamber-sponge. 6 watering-buckets, canvas, folding. 4 lanyards for friction-primers. 2 vent-punches. 2 gunner's reamers. 4 priming-wires. 1 fuze-wrench. 2 paulins (12 feet by 12 feet). 1 spare pole.* 1 neck-yoke.* 1 doubletree * 2 singletrees.* 5 keys and chains.* 6 washers, linch.* 2 pole-pads.* 2 pickaxe-handles.* 3 axe-helves.* 2 gas-check pads. 12 fuze-punch pins. 2 axes, hand. 2 shovels, long-handled. 6 files, hand, saw, assorted. 6 files, wood. 1 hammer, hand. 1 knife, shoe and saddler's. 2 rasps, wood, 10-inch. 1 nipper. 1 pair bow-spring recoil-brakes.

II. _Harness, etc._

6 bridles, artillery. 6 bridles, watering, cavalry pattern. 6 breast-straps. 9 girths, hair. 15 halters, N. P. 50 halter-straps.* 15 nose-bags. 20 saddle-blankets, red. 10 saddle-cloths, red. 10 surcingles. 2 traces, lead.* 2 traces, wheel.*

III. _Equipments, etc._

12 canteens and straps. 10 haversacks and straps. 6 spurs and straps. 6 sabre-belts and plates. 30 currycombs. 50 horse-brushes. 8 whips, artillery.

EXPENDIBLE SUPPLIES FOR SIX MONTHS.

I. _Materials for Cleaning and Preservation._

4 quires sand-paper. 5 quires crocus-cloth. 6 quires emery-cloth. 12 pounds putz pomade. 2 pounds rotten-stone. 50 papers tripoli. 20 pounds harness-soap. 10 pounds Castile soap. 5 pounds borax. 6 pounds cosmoline. 6 pounds harness-oil. 25 pounds cotton waste. 10 pounds sponge. 4 gallons neat's-foot oil. 2 gallons sperm-oil. 3 gallons asphalt varnish. 2 quarts blacking for leather.

II. _Paints, etc._

25 pounds paint, lead-colored. 25 pounds paint, black. 75 pounds paint, olive. 1½ pounds paint, first coat for 3.2-inch rifle. 1½ pounds paint, second coat for 3.2-inch rifle. 2 pounds lampblack. 2 pounds extract of logwood. 50 pounds wheel-grease. 4 gallons linseed-oil, boiled. 3 gallons spirits of turpentine. 3 pieces sash-cord. 6 brushes, paint. 4 sash-tools.

III. _Saddler's Materials._

150 pounds harness-leather. 3 sides bridle-leather. 2 sides rawhide. 1 pound beeswax. 2 pounds black wax. 3 pounds thread, shoe. 2½ pounds thread, linen, patent No. 35. 2 ounces bristles. 3 pounds rivets and burrs, copper. 3000 tacks, iron. 2000 tacks, copper (1000 of 12-ounce, 1000 of 20-ounce). 144 wood-screws, 1-inch, No. 8. 60 buckles (20, ½-inch; 20, ¾-inch; 20, 1-inch). 40 buckles, 1½-inch, girth. 15 buckles, iron, roller, l¼-inch. 60 saddle-nails, japanned. 20 awls, saddlers', assorted. 6 awl-handles. 50 needles, saddlers', assorted. 4 needles, collar.

ANNUAL ALLOWANCE OF AMMUNITION.

For each battery of artillery equipped as a battery of horse-artillery or a light battery, and serving as such:

----------------+--------------------------+------------------------ Gun. | Maximum Charge. |No. of projectiles for | |each gun of the command. ----------------+--------------------------+------------------------ 3.2-inch rifle |3½ lbs. L. X. Q. powder | 25 standard projectiles | | Hotchkiss | | revolving cannon| |100 standard projectiles. | | 3.6-inch mortar{|For each battery: (_a_) Fifteen shells without {|fuzes (shell ballasted); (_b_) five full charges, {|16 ounces. Ten 8 ounce charges, comprising each {|one 5-ounce and one 3-ounce charge bound together; {|these can be used as 3-ounce, 5-ounce, 8-ounce, {|or 11-ounce charges. ----------------+---------------------------------------------------

Each battery equipped as a battery of horse-artillery or a light battery will be allowed for instruction, other than target practice, as many blank cartridges and friction-primers as may be deemed necessary by the battery commander and approved by the post commander.

For batteries armed with the Hotchkiss breech-loading mountain-gun there will be allowed for the annual target practice twenty-five standard projectiles for each gun of the command, or their equivalent in money value if reloaded.

For each machine-gun of small-arm calibre there will be allowed for the annual target practice two thousand ball cartridges, or their equivalent in money value if reloaded.

Blank cartridges for salutes and for firing the morning and evening gun:

3.2-inch rifle, 2½ lbs. I. K. powder.

3-inch rifle, 1 lb. of either mortar, cannon, or I. K. powder.

6-pdr. bronze gun, 1 lb. of either mortar, cannon, or I. K. powder.

Light 12-pdr. bronze gun, 1¾ lbs. of either mortar, cannon, or I. K. powder.

VETERINARY MEDICINES.

Veterinary medicines, instruments, and supplies for the treatment of all public animals, and the authorized private horses of mounted officers, are furnished by the Quartermaster's Department.

Requisitions and estimates for veterinary supplies will be made in conformity with the standard supply table. Only the articles and the quantities thereof that are actually needed will be placed on the requisition. The quantity prescribed in the table is not to be considered an allowance, but as a limit not to be exceeded without special authority.

The standard supplies of veterinary medicines and dressings are under charge of the quartermaster, to be issued by him to the different commands at the post upon approved requisitions in such quantities and of such articles as may be deemed requisite, in conformity with the standard supply table. Battery commanders must deduct from the allowance, in making requisition, the quantity of each article on hand and available for issue.

Veterinary instruments and books remain in the custody of the post quartermaster, and are loaned as needed.

The pannier, pocket-case, and saddle-bags are easily improvised, and are omitted from the table.

For a greater or less number of animals than are provided for in the table the proportions indicated will be observed in requisitions and issues.

This table is ample and sufficiently varied for ordinary practice; but in order to provide for the necessities of epidemics, and to indulge, as far as practicable, individual preference and training, a special requisition for articles not in the supply table, with an explanation of the nature of the emergency or case rendering it necessary, may be forwarded through the regular channels for the action of the quartermaster-general.

STANDARD SUPPLY TABLE.

------------------------------------------+-------------------------- Articles. | Quantities. ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------- MEDICINES FOR THREE MONTHS' SUPPLY-- |For 100 |For 200 |For 300 |Animals.|Animals.|Animals. ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------- Acid, carbolic, crystallized oz.| 16 | 18 | 24 Aconite, tincture of the root oz.| 4 | 4 | 8 Alcohol gals.| 1 | 2 | 3 Aloes, Barbadoes oz.| 20 | 20 | 30 Ammonia, aromatic spirits of lbs.| 2 | 3 | 4 Ammonia, carbonate of lbs.| 1 | 1½ | 2 Ammonia, solution of gals.| 1 | 2 | 3 Belladonna, fluid extract of oz.| 4 | 6 | 8 Camphor lbs.| 1 | 1½ | 2 Cantharides (Spanish flies), powdered oz.| 2 | 3 | 4 Charcoal, powdered lbs.| 1 | 1½ | 2 Cosmoline, veterinary lbs.| 4 | 8 | 12 Ether, spirits of nitrous (sweet | | | spirits of nitre) lbs.| 3 | 6 | 8 Ether, sulphuric lbs.| 2 | 3 | 4 Flaxseed-meal lbs.| 25 | 30 | 40 Ginger, powdered lbs.| 2 | 3 | 4 Gentian, powdered lbs.| 2 | 3 | 4 Glycerine oz.| 8 | 12 | 16 Iron, sulphate of desiccated oz.| 8 | 10 | 12 Lime, chloride of lbs.| 25 | 50 | 75 Lunar, caustic oz.| 1 | 1 | 2 Oil, linseed gals.| 2 | 3 | 4 Opium, tincture of lbs.| 3 | 4 | 6 Oil, olive gals.| 1 | 2 | 3 Pepper, Cayenne, ground lbs.| 1 | 1½ | 2 Potassa, nitrate of (saltpetre) lbs.| 3 | 4 | 6 Soap, Castile lbs.| 10 | 15 | 20 Soda, bicarbonate of lbs.| 4 | 8 | 12 Sulphur, washed lbs.| 2 | 3 | 4 Turpentine, oil of gals.| 2 | 3 | 4 Zinc, sulphate of oz.| 8 | 10 | 12 | | | DRESSINGS FOR SIX MONTHS' SUPPLY. | | | | | | Bandages 2½ inches wide and 4 yards | | | long, of heavy bed-ticking doz.| 2 | 3 | 4 Bandages 4 inches wide and 4 yards | | | long of heavy red flannel doz.| 2 | 3 | 4 Oakum lbs.| 10 | 15 | 20 Silk for ligatures oz.| ¾ | ¾ | 1 Sponges, coarse lbs.| 1 | 1½ | 2 ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------

------------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------- INSTRUMENTS FOR EACH POST-- |Of 100 |Of 200 |Of 300 |Animals.|Animals.|Animals. ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------- Ball forceps no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Bistouries no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Catheters, gum, with stylet no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Corkscrews no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Drenching-horns, tin no.| 2 | 2 | 4 Fleams (3 blades) no.| 2 | 4 | 6 Funnels, tin no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Graduate glasses, 6-oz. no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Hobbles, casting no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Hones no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Lancets no.| 3 | 6 | 8 Measures, tin, sets no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Mortars and pestles, wedgewood, large no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Needles, surgeons' no.| 8 | 10 | 12 Needles, Seaton no.| 8 | 10 | 12 Probangs, celluloid, in two pieces no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Scales and weights, shop no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Scissors, curved no.| 2 | 4 | 6 Slings, suspending no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Spatulas no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Speculums, mouth no.| 1 | 2 | 3 Syringes, rubber, 2-oz. no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Syringes, rubber, 24-oz. no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Thermometers, clinical no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Tooth-rasps no.| 1 | 2 | 3 ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------- BOOKS FOR EACH OFFICER IN CHARGE OF-- | 100 | 200 | 300 |Animals.|Animals.|Animals. ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------- Blank books, 2-quire, for record | | | of cases no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Practical Horse-shoeing, Fleming no.| 1 | 2 | 2 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser, Laws no.| 1 | 2 | 2 Or, Army Veterinary Manual, Holcombe no.| 1 | 2 | 2 ------------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------

TABLEWARE AND KITCHEN UTENSILS ALLOWED A LIGHT BATTERY.

Dinner-plates 75} Soup-plates 75} Meat-plates 7} Cups and saucers 75} Water-pitchers 7} Vegetable-dishes 38} Articles of china and glassware Salt-cellars 14} upon which an allowance of Pepper-boxes 14} 20 per cent per annum of total Syrup-pitchers 14} value is made. Bowls 75} Pickle-dishes 9} Sugar-bowls 14} Gravy-boats 14} Mustard-pots 14} Tumblers 75}

Dippers 7 Soup-ladles 7 Skimmers 2 Dishpans 4 Basting-spoons 7 Tea-spoons 75 Table-spoons 75 Table-forks 75 Table-knives 75 Bread-knives 4 Butcher-knives 4 Chopping-bowls 4 Coffee-mills 1 Meat-saws 2 Scales and weights 1 Frying-pans 4 Meat-forks 7 Meat-choppers or meat-cutters 2 Carving-sets 2 Cleavers 1 Mustard-spoons 14 Flour-sieves 1 Can-openers 7 Graters 2

ALLOWANCE OF CLOTHING.

----------------------------------+-------------------------+ | Year. | +----------+--------------+ Articles. | First. | | +-----+----+-------+------+ |1st |2nd |Second.|Third.| | 6 | 6 | | | |mos. |mos.| | | ----------------------------------+-----+----+-------+------+ Helmets and trimmings complete No.| 1 |... | ... | 1 | Forage-caps and trimmings No.| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Campaign hats No.| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Uniform coats No.| 1 |... | ... | 1 | Trousers pairs| 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | Canvas fatigue coats No.| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Canvas fatigue trousers pairs| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Linen collars No.| 4 | 2 | 6 | 6 | Dark blue flannel shirts No.| 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | Knit undershirts No.| 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | Drawers pairs| 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | Boots for mounted troops pairs| 1 |... | 1 | ... | Shoes for mounted troops pairs| 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | Barrack shoes pairs| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Stockings, woollen pairs| 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | Stockings, cotton pairs| 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | Blouses No.| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Overcoats No.| 1 |... | ... | ... | Chevrons, cloth pairs| 2 |... | 1 | 1 | Chevrons, gold lace pairs| 1 |... | ... | 1 | Stripes for trousers pairs| 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | Stable frock for mounted | | | | | troops No.| 1 |... | ... | 1 | Overalls for mounted troops pairs| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Blankets woollen No.| 1 |... | ... | 1 | Berlin gloves for mounted | | | | | troops pairs| 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | Leather gauntlets pairs| 1 |... | 1 | ... | Suspenders pairs| 1 |... | 1 | 1 | Cork helmets in lieu of | | | | | campaign hats[15] No.| 1 |... | ... | 1 | Arctic overshoes[15] pairs| 1 |... | 1 | ... | Woollen mittens[15] pairs| 2 |... | 2 | 2 | Overcoats, fur or other | | | | | suitable material[15] No.|1[16]| ...| ... | ... | Fur caps[15] No.| 1 | ...| 1 | 1 | Fur gauntlets[15] pairs.| 1 | ...| 1 | 1 | ----------------------------------+-----+----+-------+------+

[Part 2 of Table.] ----------------------------------+--------------+------ | Year. | +--------------+ Articles. Year. | |Total +-------+------+ for |Fourth.|Fifth.| five | | |years. | | | ----------------------------------+-------+------+------ Helmets and trimmings complete No.| ... | ... | 2 Forage-caps and trimmings No.| 1 | 1 | 6 Campaign hats No.| 1 | 1 | 5 Uniform coats No.| ... | ... | 2 Trousers pairs| 2 | 1 | 10 Canvas fatigue coats No.| 1 | 1 | 5 Canvas fatigue trousers pairs| 1 | 1 | 5 Linen collars No.| 6 | 6 | 30 Dark blue flannel shirts No.| 2 | 2 | 11 Knit undershirts No.| 3 | 3 | 15 Drawers pairs| 3 | 3 | 15 Boots for mounted troops pairs| 1 | ... | 3 Shoes for mounted troops pairs| 1 | 1 | 7 Barrack shoes pairs| 1 | 1 | 5 Stockings, woollen pairs| 4 | 4 | 20 Stockings, cotton pairs| 6 | 6 | 30 Blouses No.| 1 | 1 | 5 Overcoats No.| ... | ... | 1 Chevrons, cloth pairs| 1 | 1 | 6 Chevrons, gold lace pairs| ... | ... | 2 Stripes for trousers pairs| 2 | 1 | 10 Stable frock for mounted | | | troops No.| ... | ... | 2 Overalls for mounted troops pairs| 1 | 1 | 5 Blankets woollen No.| ... | ... | 2 Berlin gloves for mounted | | | troops pairs| 4 | 4 | 20 Leather gauntlets pairs| 1 | ... | 3 Suspenders pairs| 1 | 1 | 5 Cork helmets in lieu of | | | campaign hats[15] No.| ... | ... | 2 Arctic overshoes[15] pairs| ... | ... | 2 Woollen mittens[15] pairs| 2 | 2 | 10 Overcoats, fur or other | | | suitable material[15] No.| ... | ... | ... Fur caps[15] No.| 1 | 1 | 5 Fur gauntlets[15] pairs.| 1 | 1 | 5 ----------------------------------+-------+------+------

ALLOWANCE OF EQUIPAGE.

IN CAMP OR GARRISON.

------------------------+---------------------+-----+---------+ | Tents. | | | +-------+-----+-------+ | | |Conical|Wall.|Common.|Axes.|Hatchets.| | wall. | | | | | ------------------------+-------+-----+-------+-----+---------+ A general officer | ... | 3 | ... | 1 | 1 | Field and staff officer | | | | | | above rank of captain | ... | 2 | ... | 1 | 1 | Other staff officers or | | | | | | captains | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | Subalterns of companies,| | | | | | to every two | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | To every 6 foot or | | | | | | 4 mounted men | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | To every 15 foot or | | | | | | 13 mounted men | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 2 | To every 20 foot or | | | | | | 17 mounted men | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ------------------------+-------+-----+-------+-----+---------+

[Part 2 of Table.] ------------------------+-------+---------+--------+----- | | | | + | | Camp- |Mess- |Spades.|Pickaxes.|kettles.|pans. | | | | ------------------------+-------+---------+--------+----- A general officer | ... | ... | ... | ... Field and staff officer | | | | above rank of captain | ... | ... | ... | ... Other staff officers or | | | | captains | ... | ... | ... | ... Subalterns of companies,| | | | to every two | ... | ... | ... | ... To every 6 foot or | | | | 4 mounted men | ... | ... | ... | ... To every 15 foot or | | | | 13 mounted men | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 To every 20 foot or | | | | 17 mounted men | ... | ... | ... | ... ------------------------+-------+---------+--------+-----

TENTS FOR THE SICK, THEIR ATTENDANTS, AND HOSPITAL SUPPLIES.

--------------------+----------------- | Tents. +---------+------- |Hospital.|Common. --------------------+---------+------- For 1 company | 1 | 1 " 2 companies | 1 | 1 " 3 " | 2 | 1 " 4 " | 2 | 1 " 5 " | 3 | 1 " 6 " | 3 | 1 " 7 " | 3 | 1 " 8 " | 3 | 1 " 9 " | 4 | 1 " 10 " | 4 | 1 --------------------+---------+--------

CORN BROOMS AND SCRUBBING-BRUSHES.

To each battery, without regard to its numerical strength, 3 corn brooms and 2 scrubbing-brushes per month.

BARRACK CHAIRS.

One for each non-commissioned officer.

One for every two enlisted men of all other grades.

ALLOWANCE OF STOVES, FUEL, LAMPS, OIL, OFFICE FURNITURE, AND STATIONERY FOR A LIGHT BATTERY.

=Stoves.=--3 large stoves in each dormitory, 1 large stove in each mess-room and day-room, 1 small stove for each of the two rooms for non-commissioned officers, 1 small stove for the reading-room, blacksmith-shop, carpenter-shop, saddle-shop, and guard-room each, and one cooking-stove or range for the kitchen.

=Fuel= (monthly).--For each enlisted man 1/12 cord of wood from May 1 to August 31, and 1 cord from Sept. 1 to April 30. Stations between 36 and 43 degs. N. lat. ¼[17] increase; stations further north ⅓ increase. For guards, not to exceed 3 cords from Sept. 1 to April 30, with ¾ cord increase for stations between 36 and 43 degs. N. lat.; and 1 cord for those further north.

=Lamps.=--One burner for every ten (10) men and every fraction thereof, when fraction is five or more, of maximum strength of organization, and lamps or lanterns, not exceeding 3 for each barracks, for lighting interior passage-ways. Office, guard-house and first sergeant each a lamp with single burner. Stables, number of lamps or lanterns required, approved by department commander.

=Oil= (monthly).--Four ounces per burner for 1½-in. wicks and 2 ounces for smaller wicks during each hour of authorized illumination. (1 gal. for 26 hours for large burner, or 52 hours for small burner.)

=Office Furniture.=--To each desk, 1 ink-stand, 1 paper-folder, 1 ruler, 1 steel eraser, 1 piece of india-rubber, and 4 lead-pencils.

=Stationery= (quarterly).--Battery commander: 6 qrs. writing-paper, ¼ qr. envelope-paper, 10 sheets blotting-paper, 20 pens, 2 pen-holders, 1 pint black ink, 1 oz. red ink, ½ pint mucilage, 3 oz. sealing-wax, 1 piece office tape, 80 envelopes.

TABLE OF WEIGHTS OF CERTAIN ARTICLES OF CLOTHING AND EQUIPAGE.

TABLE OF MONTHLY PAY OF ENLISTED MEN.

------------------------------+-----+------+-----+------+------ Year of enlistment |First|Second|Third|Fourth|Fifth |Year.| Year |Year.| Year.|Year. ------------------------------+-----+------+-----+------+------ RANK AND SERVICE. | | | | | | | | | | _Company._ | | | | | | | | | | Private--artillery, cavalry, |} | | | | and infantry |} | | | | Private (2d class)--engineers |} | | | | and ordnance |}$13 | $13 | $14 | $15 | $16 Musician--engineers, |} | | | | artillery, and infantry |} | | | | Trumpeter--cavalry |} | | | | Wagoner--artillery, cavalry, | | | | | and infantry | 14 |} Not entitled to Artificer--artillery and | |} additional infantry | 15 |} pay.[18] Private--hospital corps | 18 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 Corporal--artillery, cavalry, |} | | | | and infantry |} 15 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 Blacksmith, farrier, and |} | | | | saddler--cavalry |} | | | | Sergeant--artillery, cavalry, | | | | | and infantry | 18 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21[19] Private (1st class)--engineers| | | | | and ordnance | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 Corporal--engineers | | | | | and ordnance | 20 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 First sergeant--artillery, | | | | | cavalry, and infantry | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28[19] Sergeant--engineers, ordnance,| | | | | and signal corps | 34 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 1st class sergeant--signal | | | | | corps | 45 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48 | | | | | _Regiment._ | | | | | | | | | | Chief trumpeter |} | | | | Saddler sergeant--cavalry |} 22 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 Principal musician--artillery |} | | | | and infantry |} | | | | Chief musician--artillery, |} |} Not entitled to cavalry, and infantry |} 60 |} additional pay.[18] Sergeant-major--artillery, |} | | | | cavalry, and infantry |} 23 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 Q. M. sergeant--artillery, |} | | | | cavalry, and infantry |} | | | | Sergeant-major and Q. M. | | | | | sergeant--engineers | 36 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 Veterinary surgeon (senior) | 100 |} Not entitled to any Veterinary surgeon (junior) | 75 |} additional pay. | | | | | _Post._ | | | | | | | | | | Ordnance sergeant |} | | | | Commissary sergeant |} 34 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 Post quartermaster-sergeant |} | | | | Hospital steward | 45 | 45 | 46 | 47 | 48

## Acting hospital steward | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28

------------------------------+-----+------+-----+------+------

On re-enlisting after 5 years' service, $2.00 per month in addition to pay received at time of discharge ($1.00 is retained), and for each 5 years' continuous service thereafter a further sum of $1.00 per month.

The pay of a man who has ever re-enlisted under the act of August 4, 1854, and comes into the service again, commences with pay for fifth year.

A certificate of merit entitles a soldier to $2.00 per month additional pay, commencing on the date of rendering "distinguished service," and continuing through all subsequent service as an enlisted man.

Enlisted men (retired) are entitled to three fourths of the monthly pay allowed by law to them in the grade they held when retired, with commutation of clothing and rations.

SUMMARY COURT.

When charges are preferred against an enlisted man for offences cognizable by inferior courts-martial, they will be laid before the post commander, who, if he thinks that the accused should be tried, will cause him to be brought before the summary court. Here he will be arraigned and allowed to plead, according to the practice of courts-martial. If an accused neither demands a removal of his case to a regimental or garrison court-martial; nor, being a non-commissioned officer above the rank of corporal, objects to trial by inferior court-martial; nor objects to be tried by the officer second in rank on the ground of his being the accuser; nor pleads guilty, witnesses will be sworn and evidence received, the accused being permitted to testify in his own behalf and make a statement; but the evidence and statement will not be recorded. When the summary court shall have arrived at a finding and judgment, the summary court record book, with the entries therein made in accordance with the headings of its columns, will be laid before the post commander for his action, which also will be entered in the record book, dated and signed. When a case is heard by the post commander, the proceedings will be recorded in the same book. No other record of the proceedings will be kept, and trials by summary court will not be published in orders.

When a post commander sits as a summary court, no approval of the sentence is required by law, but he should sign the sentence as post commander and date his signature.

RECORD OF SUMMARY COURT AT.......................

---+---------+---------+--------------+--------+------------+ No.| Name, | Article | Synopsis of |Finding.| No. of | | rank, | of War |specification.| | previous | |company, |Violated.| | |convictions.| | and | | | | | |regiment.| | | | | | | | | | | ---+---------+---------+--------------+--------+------------+

LIST OF PRESCRIBED PUNISHMENTS FOR ENLISTED MEN.

ARTICLE I.

In all cases of desertion the sentence may include dishonorable discharge and forfeiture of pay and allowances.

Subject to the modifications authorized in Section 3 of this article the limit of the term of confinement (at hard labor) for desertion shall be as follows:

SECTION 1. In case of surrender--

(_a_) When the deserter surrenders himself after an absence of not more than thirty days, one year.

(_b_) When the surrender is made after an absence of more than thirty days, eighteen months.

SEC. 2. In case of apprehension--

(_a_) When at the time of desertion the deserter shall not have been more than six months in the service, eighteen months.

(_b_) When he shall have been more than six months in the service, two and one half years.

SEC. 3. The foregoing limitations are subject to modification under the following conditions:

(_a_) The punishment of a deserter may be increased by one year of confinement at hard labor in consideration of each previous conviction of desertion.

(_b_) The punishment for desertion when joined in by two or more soldiers in the execution of a conspiracy, or for desertion in the presence of an outbreak of Indians or of any unlawful assemblage which the troops may be opposing, shall not exceed dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement at hard labor for five years.

ARTICLE II.

Except as herein otherwise indicated punishment shall not exceed the limits prescribed in the following table:

UNDER 20TH ARTICLE OF WAR. | | Behaving himself with disrespect|Six months' confinement at hard to his commanding officer. | labor and forfeiture of $10 per | month for the same period; for | non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | UNDER 24TH ARTICLE OF WAR. | | Refusal to obey or using |Dishonorable discharge, with violence to officer or | forfeiture of all pay and non-commissioned officer | allowances and confinement while quelling quarrels or | at hard labor for two years. disorders. | | UNDER 31ST ARTICLE OF WAR. | | Lying out of quarters |Forfeiture of $2; corporal, $3; | sergeant, $4. | UNDER 32D ARTICLE OF WAR. | | _Absence without leave_--[20] | | Less than one hour |Forfeiture of $1; corporal, $2; | sergeant, $3; 1st sergeant | or non-commissioned officer | of higher grade, $4. | From one to six hours[21] |Forfeiture of $2; corporal, $3; | sergeant, $4; 1st sergeant | or non-commissioned officer | of higher grade, $5. | From six to twelve hours |Forfeiture of $3; corporal, $4; | sergeant, $6; 1st sergeant | or non-commissioned officer | of higher grade, $7. | From twelve to twenty-four |Forfeiture of $5; corporal, $6; hours. | sergeant, $7; 1st sergeant | or non-commissioned officer | of higher grade, $10. | From twenty-four to forty-eight |Forfeiture of $6 and five days' Hours. | confinement at hard labor. | For corporal, forfeiture of $8; | sergeant, $10; 1st sergeant or | non-commissioned officer of | higher grade, $12; or | for all non-commissioned | officers, reduction. | From two to ten days |Forfeiture of $10 and ten days' | confinement at hard labor; for | non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | From ten to thirty days |Forfeiture of $20 and one month's | confinement at hard labor; for | non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | From thirty to ninety days |Three months' confinement at hard | labor and forfeiture of $10 per | month for same period; for | non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | For ninety or more than |Dishonorable discharge and ninety days | forfeiture of all pay and | allowances, and six months' | confinement at hard labor. | UNDER 33D ARTICLE OF WAR. | | _Failure to repair at the time | fixed, etc., to the place | of parade--_ | | For reveille or retreat | roll-call and 11 P.M. |Forfeiture of $1; corporal, $2; inspection | sergeant, $3; 1st sergeant, $4. | For guard detail |Forfeiture of $5; corporal, $8; | sergeant, $10. For fatigue detail |} For dress parade |} For the weekly inspection |} For target practice |}Forfeiture of $2; corporal, $3; For drill |} sergeant, $5. For guard-mounting |} (by musician) |} For stable duty |} | UNDER 38TH ARTICLE OF WAR. | | _Drunkenness on_-- | Guard |Six months' confinement at hard | labor and forfeiture of $10 per | month for the same period; | for non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | Duty as company cook |Forfeiture of $20. Extra or special duty |} At drill |} At target practice |}Forfeiture of $12; for At parade |} non-commissioned officer, At inspection |} reduction and forfeiture of $20. At inspection of company |} guard detail |} At stable duty |} | UNDER 40TH ARTICLE OF WAR. | | Quitting guard |Six months' confinement at hard | labor and forfeiture of $10 | per month for the same period; | for non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | UNDER 51ST ARTICLE OF WAR. | | Persuading soldiers to desert |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | one year's confinement at hard | labor. | UNDER 60TH ARTICLE OF WAR. |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | four years' confinement at hard | labor. | UNDER 62D ARTICLE OF WAR. | | Manslaughter |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | ten years' confinement at hard | labor. | Assault, with intent to kill |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | ten years' confinement at hard | labor. | Burglary |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | five years' confinement at hard | labor. | Forgery |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | four years' confinement at hard | labor. | | Perjury |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | four years' confinement at hard | labor. | False swearing |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | two years' confinement at hard | labor. | Robbery |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | six years' confinement at hard | labor. | Larceny or embezzlement of | property--[22] | | Of the value of more than |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture $100 | of all pay and allowances, and | four years' confinement at hard | labor. | Of the value of $100 or less |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture and more than $50 | of all pay and allowances, and | three years' confinement at hard | labor. | Of the value of $50 or less |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture and more than $20 | of all pay and allowances, and | two years' confinement at hard | labor. | Of the value of $20 or less. |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture | of all pay and allowances, and | one year's confinement at hard | labor. | Fraudulent enlistment, procured |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture by false representation or | of all pay and allowances, and concealment of a fact in | confinement at hard labor for regard to a prior enlistment | one year. or discharge, or in regard to | conviction of a civil or | military crime | | Fraudulent enlistment, other |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture cases of | of all pay and allowances, and | confinement at hard labor for | six months. | Disobedience of orders, |Six months' confinement at hard involving wilful defiance of | labor and forfeiture of $10 per the authority of a | month for the same period; for non-commissioned officer in | non-commissioned officer, the execution of his office | reduction in addition thereto. | Using threatening or insulting |One month's confinement at hard language or behaving in an | labor and forfeiture of $10; manner to a non-commissioned | for non-commissioned officer, officer while in the | reduction in addition thereto. execution of his office | | Absence from fatigue duty |Forfeiture of $4; corporal, $5; | sergeant, $6. | Absence from extra or special |Forfeiture of $4; corporal, $5; duty | sergeant, $6. | Absence from duty as company or |Forfeiture of $10. hospital cook. | | Introducing liquor into post or |Forfeiture of $3; for camp in violation of standing | non-commissioned officer, orders. | reduction and forfeiture of $5. | Drunkenness at post or in |Forfeiture of $3; for quarters | non-commissioned officer, | reduction and forfeiture of $5. | Drunkenness and disorderly |Forfeiture of $10 and seven days' conduct, causing the | confinement at hard labor; for offender's arrest and | non-commissioned officer, conviction by civil | reduction and forfeiture of $12. authorities at a place within | ten miles of his station | | Noisy or disorderly conduct in |Forfeiture of $4; corporal, $7; quarters. | sergeant, $10. | Abuse by non-commissioned |Reduction, three months' officer of his authority over | confinement at hard labor, and an inferior. | forfeiture of $10 per month | for the same period. | Non-commissioned officer |Reduction and forfeiture of $5. encouraging gambling. | | Non-commissioned officer making |Reduction, forfeiture of $8, and false report. | ten days' confinement at hard | labor. | Sentinel allowing a prisoner |Six months' confinement at hard under his charge to escape | labor and forfeiture of $10 through neglect. | per month for the same period. | Sentinel wilfully suffering |Dishonorable discharge, forfeiture prisoner under his charge to | of all pay and allowances, and escape. | one year's confinement at hard | labor. | Sentinel allowing a prisoner |Two months' confinement at hard under his charge to obtain | labor and forfeiture of $10 liquor. | per month for the same period. | Sentinel or member of guard |Two months' confinement at hard drinking liquor with | labor and forfeiture of $10 per prisoners. | month for the same period. | Disrespect or affront to a |Two months' confinement at hard sentinel. | labor and forfeiture of $10 per | month for the same period; for | non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | Resisting or disobeying sentinel|Six months' confinement at hard in lawful execution of his | labor and forfeiture of $10 duty. | per month for the same period; | for non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. | Lewd or indecent exposure of |Three months' confinement at hard person. | labor and forfeiture of $10 per | month for the same period; for | non-commissioned officer, | reduction in addition thereto. --------------------------------+----------------------------------

ARTICLE III.

SECTION 1. When a soldier shall be convicted of an offence the punishment for which, as authorized by Article II. of this order or the custom of the service, does not exceed that which an inferior court-martial may award, the punishment so authorized may be increased by one half for every previous conviction of one or more offences within eighteen months preceding the trial and during the current enlistment; provided that the increase of punishment for five or more previous convictions shall not exceed that thus authorized when there are four previous convictions, and that when one or more of such five or more previous convictions shall have been by general court-martial, or when such convictions shall have occurred within one year preceding the trial, the limit of punishment shall be dishonorable discharge, forfeiture of all pay and allowances, and confinement at hard labor for three months.

When the conviction is of an offence punishable under Article II. of this order or the custom of the service with a greater punishment than an inferior court-martial can award, but not punishable with dishonorable discharge, the sentence may, on proof of five or more previous convictions within eighteen months and during the current enlistment, impose dishonorable discharge and forfeiture of all pay and allowances in addition to the authorized confinement, and when this confinement is less than three months it may be increased to three months.

When a non-commissioned officer is convicted of an offence not punishable with reduction, he may, if he shall have been convicted of a military offence within a year and during the current enlistment, be sentenced to reduction, in addition to the punishment already authorized.

SEC. 2. In every case when an offence on trial before a court-martial is of a character admitting of the introduction of evidence of previous convictions, and the accused is convicted, the court, after determining its findings, will be opened for the purpose of ascertaining whether there is such evidence, and, if so, of hearing it. These convictions must be proved by the records of previous trials, or by duly authenticated orders promulgating the same, except in the cases of conviction by summary court, when a duly authenticated copy of the record of said court shall be deemed sufficient proof. Charges forwarded to the authority ordering a general court-martial, or submitted to a summary, garrison, or regimental court, must be accompanied by the proper evidence of such previous convictions as may have to be considered in determining upon a sentence.

ARTICLE IV.

When a soldier shall, on one arraignment, be convicted of two or more offences, none of which is punishable under Article II. of this order or the custom of the service with dishonorable discharge, but the aggregate term of confinement for which may exceed six months, dishonorable discharge with forfeiture of pay and allowances may be awarded in addition to the authorized confinement.

ARTICLE V.

This order prescribes the _maximum_ limit of punishment for the offences named, and this limit is intended for those cases in which the severest punishment should be awarded. In other cases the punishment should be graded down according to the extenuating circumstances. Offences not herein provided for remain punishable as authorized by the Articles of War and the custom of the service.

ARTICLE VI.

Summary courts are subject to the restrictions named in the 83d Article of War. Soldiers against whom charges may be preferred for trial by summary court shall not be confined in the guard-house, but shall be placed in arrest in quarters, before and during trial and while awaiting sentence, except when in particular cases restraint may be necessary.

ARTICLE VII.

The following substitutions for punishments named in Article II. of this order are authorized at the discretion of the court:

Two days' confinement at hard labor for one dollar forfeiture; one day's solitary confinement on bread and water diet for two days' confinement at hard labor or for one dollar forfeiture; provided that a non-commissioned officer not sentenced to reduction shall not be subject to confinement; and provided that solitary confinement shall not exceed fourteen days at one time, nor be repeated until fourteen days have elapsed, and shall not exceed eighty-four days in one year. Whenever the limit herein prescribed for an offence or offences may be brought within the punishing power of inferior courts-martial, as defined by the 83d Article of War, by substitution of punishment under the provisions of this article, the said courts have jurisdiction of such offence or offences.

ARTICLE VIII.

Non-commissioned officers above the rank of corporal shall not, if they object thereto, be brought to trial before regimental, garrison, or summary courts-martial without the authority of the officer competent to order their trial by general court-martial; nor shall sergeants of the post non-commissioned staff or hospital stewards be reduced, but they may be dishonorably discharged whenever reduction is included in the limit of punishment.

U. S. SIGNAL AND TELEGRAPH CODE.

(Authorized by G. O. No. 59, A. G. O., June 28, 1889.)

ALPHABET.

A ·- F ·-· K -·- P ····· U ··- B -··· G - -· L ---- Q ··-· V ···- C ·· · H ···· M - - R · ·· W ·- - D -·· I ·· N -· S ··· X ·-·· E · J -·-· O · T - Y ·· ·· Z ··· · & · ···

NUMERALS.

1 ·- -· 3 ···- -· 5 - - - 7 - -·· 9 -··- 2 ··-·· 4 ····- 6 ····· 8 -···· 0 ----

PUNCTUATION MARKS.

Comma ·-·- Interrogation -··-· Parenthesis Pn Semicolon Si Quotation Qn Brackets Br Colon Ko Paragraph - - - - Dollar mark Sx Period ··- -·· Exclamation - - - · Dash Dx Hyphen Hx Underline Ux

NOTE.--A fraction is made by inserting a dot between the numerator and denominator:

Example, ⅞ - -·· · -····

SIGNALS AND ABBREVIATIONS.

1. Wait a moment. 4. Start me. 5. Have you anything for me? 7. Are you ready? 8. Busy on other wires (or stations). 9. Train order (or important military message)--give way. 13. Do you understand? 18. What is the matter? 27. Adjust your magnet (or flash). 30. Circuit closed (or close station). 44. Answer quick. 73. Accept compliments. 92. Deliver (ed). 134. Who is at the key (flag, or torch)? Ahr. Another. Ans. Answer. Ck. Check. Col. Collect. D H. Dead head. G A. Go ahead. G E. Good-evening. G M. Good-morning. G N. Good-night. G R. Government rate. N M. No more. O B. Official business. O K. All right. Opr. Operator. Pd. Paid. Qk. Quick. Sig. Signature.

TO SIGNAL WITH FLAG OR TORCH.

The flagman faces exactly toward the communicating station; staff is vertical in front of centre of body, butt at height of waist. The _dot_ (·) is represented by a motion to the right, and the _dash_ (-) by a motion to the left of the sender. The _space_, whether separating elements of _spaced characters_ (C, O, R, Y, Z, and "&"), or separating words, will be represented by a "front" motion.

Thus the motions:

Right, right, front, right, represent C.

Right, front, right, represent O.

Right, front, right, right, represent R.

Each motion will embrace an arc of 90°, starting from and returning to the vertical.

The _long dash_ (letter "L" and numeral "naught") is distinguished from the "T" dash by a slight pause at the lowest point of dip, and with this exception there will be no pause whatever between the motions required for any single letter.

A slight pause will be made between letters.

At the end of each word, abbreviation, or conventional signal the space signal, or "front" motion, is made, _preceded and followed by a pause_ equivalent to that made between letters.

CONVENTIONAL SIGNALS FOR HELIOGRAPH OR FLASH LANTERN.

=To Call a Station.=--Turn a steady flash on the station and keep it there until answered by a steady flash. Both stations will then adjust, each on the other's flash. When adjustments are satisfactory, the station called will acknowledge and cut off its flash, and the calling station will proceed with the message.

=Adjustment.=--If the receiver sees that the sender's mirror needs adjusting, he will turn on a steady flash until answered by a steady flash. When adjustment is satisfactory, the receiver will acknowledge, and the sender will resume his message.

CONVENTIONAL SIGNS FOR FLAG OR TORCH.[23]

=To Call a Station.=--Signal the "call letter" of the station required, or, if the call letter be not known, signal "A" without pause until acknowledged. The calling station will then proceed with the message.

=To Acknowledge a Call.=--Signal "I" three times followed by "front" and the call letter of the acknowledging station.

=To Break or Stop the Signals from the Sending Station.=--Signal "A" without pause until acknowledged.

=To Start the Sending Station after Breaking.=--Signal "G A " followed by "front" and the last word correctly received; the sender will immediately resume his message, beginning with the word indicated by the receiver. If nothing has been received, signal "R R"; the sender will then repeat all.

=Error in Sending.=--Signal seven dots (·······) rapidly followed by "front," and resume the message, beginning with the last word correctly sent.

=End of Address.=--Signal the period (··--··) followed by "front."

=Signature Follows.=--Signal "Sig" followed by "front."

=To Acknowledge Receipt of a Message.=--Signal "O K" followed by "front" and personal signal or initial of receiver.

PENETRATION OF PROJECTILES.

Experiments at Lydd, in 1886, showed that earthen parapets of sandy loam 12 feet thick were but little affected by the fire from B. L. 12-pdr. and 20-pdr. with steel shells, and the following rough rules will probably suffice against field-guns:

For friable soil, such as sand, etc. 2 yards For medium soil, such as ordinary earth 2½ yards For tenacious soil, such as clay 3 yards

The following data, obtained from experiments by the Germans, may prove of service:

PENETRATION FROM ARTILLERY-FIRE.

--------------------------------------------+---------------------- Field-artillery. |Garrison and Siege | Artillery. --------------------------------------------+---------------------- Shrapnel; {bullets } in earth, 16 to 39 in.|In earth 39 in. {fragments} | | Shrapnel, wood, overhead cover 2 in. | Wood, } |overhead cover } 4 in. | Individual shot: | Striking fair, earth 39 to 79 in. |Earth 10 to 13 ft. Striking fair, brickwork 39 in. | Striking fair, snow about 27 ft. | --------------------------------------------+----------------------

PENETRATION FROM INFANTRY-FIRE.

Sand 29½ in. Rammed snow 6 ft. 9 in. Sheaves of grain 16 ft. 9 in. Pine 39 in. Steel plate 0.8 in. Ordinary earth 39 in. Swampy or wet ground 79 in. Laid sods and turf 79 in. Oak 24 in. Brickwork 19½ in. A double thickness of planks filled in with broken stone 7.8 in.

Penetration at all ranges has been increased with the new rifle (U.S.). At 200 to 300 yards protection is afforded by about 0.2 inch of steel plate and about 0.3 inch wrought iron; at same distances penetration in earth is 25 inches, in pine, 30 inches.

GUN-PITS FOR FIELD-ARTILLERY.

THE FRENCH GUN-PIT.

=Description.=--The French gun-pit consists of an epaulement, whose general direction is perpendicular to the line of fire, with wings or returns at the sides, along which trenches are dug on the inside for the protection of the cannoneers. The earth for the epaulement is taken from a rectangular pit one and a half feet deep, and from the ramps and trenches leading to it. If there is not sufficient earth, more is obtained by digging a ditch in front. The lateral trenches may be prolonged and deepened to any extent.

[Illustration: FIG. 136.]

=Construction.=--To trace the pit:

1. Lay off a line about ten feet in length perpendicular to the line of fire, to mark the foot of the interior slope of the epaulement.

This line should be long enough to give the piece a field of fire of 90 degrees; mark the extremities and centre of the line with stakes or otherwise.

2. In the wings lay off two lines five to seven feet in length, making with the first line angles such that the trenches shall not restrict the field of fire or interfere with the recoil of the piece.

3. Complete the rectangle of the pit, and mark the points of intersection of the trenches and the ramps leading to it.

4. In soft ground it will be found to be more expeditious to use shovels; if the ground is hard, three picks and five shovels will be necessary for each detachment of eight men. The men should commence by breaking ground along the interior slope; having picked a breadth of about two feet, they face about and advance toward the rear of the pit.

As soon as there is room the shovels follow the picks.

In picking the men should be instructed to strike together to avoid accident.

Under pressure this pit can be constructed in one and a half hours.

THE GERMAN GUN-PIT.

The German gun-pit consists of a rectangular excavation one and a half feet deep, with a ramp leading to it from the rear. The epaulement is formed like an ordinary glacis, and surrounds all but the entrance.

This pit is easily and rapidly constructed, and, as seen from a distance, presents a very small target.

The parapet being the same height all round, the gun can fire in any direction by widening the pit, which would then take the form of a semicircle.

=Construction.=--1. Lay off a line four yards in length perpendicular to the direction of the line of fire. At each extremity erect a perpendicular of four yards.

2. From the vertices of the right angles thus formed lay off one yard on both the front and side lines, and mark the four points so determined, together with the rear extremities of the sides, with sabres or stakes.

[Illustration: FIG. 137.]

3. Commence and continue the digging as prescribed in the construction of the French gun-pit.

The pockets _aa_ are for the reception of ammunition.

4. The ramp is laid out and completed after the pit is finished, or simultaneously with it, as may be most desirable.

An ordinary gun detachment can construct this pit in one hour.

THE AUSTRIAN GUN-PIT.

A simple rectangular pit one and a half feet deep, with front epaulement and ramp.

=Construction.=--Constructed similarly to the German, the earth from the pit being thrown to the front.

It can be made in less than half an hour, and while affording no special cover to the cannoneers, as do the German and English, it can be made in half that time, and does not present a conspicuous target.

[Illustration: FIG. 138.]

It has the further advantage of very rapid cover, and of being capable of transformation into any desirable pit if there be time.

THE ENGLISH GUN-PIT.

This type is a true "gun-pit," the bottom being below the natural surface of the ground, sloping up at back of pit toward the rear. It affords excellent cover for the piece and its detachment, can be readily marked out, and constructed in a comparatively short time.

The lateral trenches, if extended, would afford a covered way along the front of the battery.

The defects in this pit are a contracted field of fire, the conspicuous mark which the embrasure gives the enemy, the lack of ammunition-pockets, and want of drainage.

[Illustration: FIG. 139.]

=Construction.=--1. Lay off 8 feet 6 inches on a line perpendicular to the probable direction of fire for the interior crest, and at the middle point of this line determine a perpendicular to it; on this perpendicular lay off from the interior crest distances of 6 feet, 10 feet, and 18 feet, and through their extremities determine lines parallel to the interior crest; on these lines find points that are 6 feet from the perpendicular on both sides of it, putting in a stake or sabre at each point so determined. Extend the parallels at 6 feet and 10 feet, 4 feet on each side, and mark the points thus established for the lateral trenches.

2. Commence excavating at the interior crest, throwing the earth to the front and sides (being careful to allow a berme of about one foot), thus forming an epaulement 1 foot 6 inches high and 10 feet 5 inches thick at bottom, extending round to the front corner of the lateral trenches. Then throw the earth out to the side front to form mounds about 4 feet high in front of the lateral trenches to still better protect the detachment, sufficient space being left in front for an embrasure. Dig down two feet throughout the pit back to the line 10 feet from the interior crest and level off the bottom. Slope up from the bottom of the pit at ten-foot line back to the eighteen-foot line. If desirable to connect adjoining pits of this class, extend the lateral trenches until they meet.

Time of construction of pit complete in all its details, with detachment of eight cannoneers, gunner, and chief of section, in stiff clay, without previous practice, one hour and twenty minutes.

ORDINARY RUSSIAN GUN-PIT.

This type differs from the gun-pit proper, in that the wheels rest on the natural surface of the ground, the side-pits being for the cannoneers. The only apparent advantages are good cover for the detachment under heavy fire, drainage as far as the piece is concerned, and facility for ingress and egress. The obvious disadvantages are contracted space for working party in digging, contracted field of fire, and the mark presented by the embrasure to hostile fire.

=Construction.=--Lay off on a line perpendicular to the probable direction of fire 10 feet, prolong the line 5 feet 3 inches in both directions, and mark the four points thus determined with stakes or sabres. At the middle point of the ten-foot line erect a perpendicular to it and lay off on this perpendicular to the rear 9 feet 2 inches; through this point determine a parallel to the ten-foot line and lay off on it, on both sides of the perpendicular, 9 feet and 14 feet 3 inches, marking the four points so determined with stakes or sabres.

The parallelograms whose vertices are thus established fix the surface-lines of the lateral trenches. Dig down to 4 feet 6 inches for the bottom of the trenches and throw the dirt to the front and side, giving the epaulement a height of 3 feet, and leaving space for the embrasure in front. When time permits, cut outside and rear steps for the trenches, as indicated, to admit of quick egress for the gun detachment.

[Illustration: FIG. 140.]

Time of construction complete, soil and detachment same as English pit, two hours.

GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON GUN-PITS.

In forming the epaulement, leave a berme of at least a foot; and, when there is time, level and ram the earth, which, in front of the muzzle, should not be more than three and one half feet above the bottom of the pit. If there are side trenches, the earth in front of them should be high enough to afford complete protection to the men occupying them.

Pockets for the reception of the ammunition are very important in saving the ammunition from water which may accumulate, and from the fire of the enemy.

The field of fire should not be less than 90 degrees.

Avoid narrow embrasures as presenting an easy mark, and as likely to draw the fire of the enemy.

Cover should first be provided for the men and horses; then for the material.

If the position is occupied for some time, strengthen the parapet by earth from a ditch in front. Prolong the lateral trenches of the adjacent pits until they meet, forming a continuous parapet; if possible, plank or macadamize the bottom of the pit. Traverses between the guns will be found effective.

In order to conceal the parapets, cover the fresh earth with boughs, sod, or top-soil of the prevailing or surrounding color. If in winter, use snow for this purpose. A very effective plan is to dig a small trench or parapet from fifty to seventy-five yards in front of the real pits, thus deceiving an enemy as to where the real fire comes from.

If the ground does not afford natural cover for the limbers, limber-pits, similar to the Austrian gun-pits, can be easily constructed. They should be one foot deeper.

TREATMENT OF SICK MEN.

=Bleeding.=--Blood from the veins is dark and flows slowly; that from arteries is bright red and is thrown out in spurts.

To suppress bleeding from a vein, use cold water when slight; or place a moderately tight bandage below the wound.

If an artery, completely obstruct the artery by pressure at the bleeding point, or between it and the heart. Do this by means of the fingers, a pad and bandage, a plug, or a tourniquet. Make a knot in a handkerchief and place it at the proper spot over the course of the artery, then tie the handkerchief around the limb and by means of a stick twist it tight. In bleeding from hand, fore arm, or arm apply around arm near the shoulder; in bleeding of the foot, leg, or thigh apply around leg between knee and hip according to circumstances.

=Chafing.=--Chafing between the thighs may be alleviated by keeping the parts scrupulously clean, and powdered with fuller's earth, or a mixture of oxide of zinc and very finely powdered starch.

=Colic.=--Dose of castor-oil, hot applications to belly, and a teaspoonful of Squibb's mixture or ginger essence in water.

=Cholera Morbus.=--1 teaspoonful of paregoric, ¼ grain of morphine, or 1 teaspoonful of Squibb's mixture diluted may be given at once. Hot applications to belly. Stimulants in case of collapse.

=Constipation.=--A seidlitz powder, or a tablespoonful of Rochelle or Epsom Salts before breakfast; a teaspoonful of compound liquorice powder, or 2 or 3 compound cathartic pills, late at night.

=Burns and Scalds.=--Cover with vaseline or carron oil (equal parts of lime water and oil). If oil is not at hand, use flour or scraped potato. A tablespoonful of baking-soda to a teacupful of water soon relieves pain. Dress with lint or cotton-wool. Blisters should be carefully opened with a needle or scissors.

=Diarrhœa.=--Dose of castor-oil; if after oil has acted the diarrhœa persists, a teaspoonful of Squibb's mixture diluted; or a camphor and opium pill, to be repeated in an hour if necessary.

=Drowning.=--If the patient has stopped breathing, tight clothing is first loosened; the individual is then turned over on his face, a roll of clothing, a rolled blanket, etc., being placed under his stomach, his mouth and nose are cleared of sand, mud, or other substances collected therein, and pressure is made upon the spine and kept up until water ceases to flow from the mouth. The patient is then turned over on his back, and the roll placed under his shoulder-blades so as to raise the shoulders and extend the throat. The tongue, being drawn well forward, is either secured by a string or rubber band, passing around the base of the organ and the chin, fixed by thrusting a small stick or pencil across the top of it behind the molar teeth, or held by an assistant. Then, kneeling behind the patient's head, seize the arms above the elbows and draw them outwards and upwards until they are fully extended above the head. After a pause of about two seconds the arms are carried back to their original positions, the operator making firm pressure on the chest at the same time. This procedure is carried out at the rate of about fifteen times a minute. Whenever the arms are raised, the chest is expanded and air enters the lungs; when they are brought down and pressure is made upon the chest, the latter is compressed and the air is expelled. The natural movements of respiration are hence imitated. This should be kept up for hours if necessary, and until natural breathing returns, or the case has been given up as hopeless by competent authority. During this time warm and dry clothing should have been placed on the patient, a fire built, and warm articles of any kind used to restore the heat of the body. The body and limbs should be constantly rubbed towards the trunk. As soon as the patient is able to swallow a teaspoonful of hot liquor in a tablespoonful of water may be given every few minutes until the danger is over.

As soon as the patient begins to breathe of his own accord the artificial process should be timed to aid the natural respiration. Breathing may be stimulated by holding hartshorn to the nose, slapping the skin, or by dashing hot water on the chest.

After being restored the patient should be carefully carried in a recumbent position, put in a warm bed, and carefully watched for stoppage of breathing. If the patient has not stopped breathing when drawn out of the water, proceed as above, omitting artificial respiration except when the natural function begins to fail.

=Emetics.=--Gunpowder dissolved in water. One tablespoonful of mustard in a pint of water and then copious draughts of tepid water. Twenty grains of sulphate of zinc dissolved in water, to be followed by a cupful of tepid water, and repeated every three minutes until 3 or 4 doses have been given or vomiting has occurred.

=Fainting.=--Place patient on his back, head low, arms and feet may be elevated; loosen tight clothing; dash cold water in face; hold hartshorn to nostrils; a little whiskey and water when able to swallow.

=Frost-bites.=--Rub with snow or cold water.

=Intoxication.=--Pour water over head; give teaspoonful of ground mustard stirred up in a teacupful of lukewarm water; then, after vomiting has occurred, give a teaspoonful of aromatic spirits of ammonia in a teacupful of water, or a large draught of vinegar. If in danger of dying, general application of heat to body is imperative.

=Heat Exhaustion= resembles an ordinary fainting spell, and is similarly treated. Unlike sunstroke this condition presents a cool moist skin.

=Sunstroke.=--Its symptoms of warning are headache and oppression, followed after a time by loss of consciousness; breathing labored; skin intensely hot; perspiration absent; the bladder and bowels sometimes discharge involuntarily.

Convey immediately to a cool place; remove clothing; place in cold bath, or wrap with sheets soaked in cold water, and keep wet with ice-water if possible. If this cannot be done, sponge thoroughly and continually the head and body, lumps of ice being rubbed over the chest and placed over the large blood-vessels in the arm-pits and groins.

Discontinue application of cold when consciousness returns, to be renewed only in case temperature rises above normal (98.9° F.) or insensibility returns.

=Sore Feet.=--If the feet begin to chafe, rub the socks with common soap where they come in contact with sore places. By rubbing the feet with hard soap before the march you may escape having sore feet. The feet should be washed every night and thoroughly dried. Blisters should not be opened, but have a thread run through.

TABLES OF WEIGHT, CAPACITY, ETC.

NUMBER OF POUNDS IN A BUSHEL.

Oats 32 Beans 60 Onions 57 Castor beans 46 Barley 48 Peas 60 Timothy-seed 45 Flaxseed 56 Corn or rye 56 Clover-seed 60 Dried apples or peaches 28 Hemp-seed 44 Wheat 60 Potatoes 60 Salt 50 Bluegrass-seed 14

NUMBER OF POUNDS IN A BARREL.

Flour 196 Beef, pork, or fish 200 Salt 280

CYLINDERS FOR LIQUID MEASURES.

Diam. Height. 1 gill 1¾ in. 3 in. ½ pint 2¼ " 3⅝ " 1 pint 3½ " 3 " 1 quart 3½ " 6 " 1 gallon 7 " 6 " 2 gallons 7 " 12 " 8 " 14 " 12 " 10 " 14 " 15 "

CAPACITY OF BOXES.

A cubic yard contains 21.69 bushels.

1 barrel = 24 x 16 x 28 inches ½ " = 24 x 24 x 14 " 1 bushel = 16 x 16.8 x 8 " 1 " = a cylinder 14 in. diam. x 14 in. deep ½ " = 12 x 11.2 x 8 inches 1 peck = 8 x 8.4 x 8 " 1 gallon = 8 x 8 x 4.2 " (dry) 1 " = 6 x 6 x 6.42 " (liquid) ½ " = 7 x 4 x 4.5 " 1 quart = 4 x 4 x 4.1 " (dry) 1 " = 4 x 4 x 3.61 " (liquid)

In freighting ships 42 cubic feet are allowed to a ton.

ARMY WAGON (INSIDE MEASUREMENT).

Length { 9½ ft. at bottom } {10 " " top }; width, 3 ft. 4 in.; depth, 1 ft. 9 in.

TO DETERMINE THE QUANTITY OF GRAIN OR HAY.

=Corn.=--Two cubic feet of sound dry corn in the ear will make one bushel of shelled corn.

To determine the number of bushels of shelled corn in a crib of corn in the ear, multiply together the interior length, breadth, and height of the crib in feet, and divide by 2.

=Oats.=--A nose-bag will contain about 10 pounds of good oats.

A cubic foot of good oats weighs about 25¾ pounds.

To determine, approximately, the number of bushels of oats in a bin, multiply the length, breadth, and height in feet together, and multiply the result by O.8047.

To determine the number of bushels a wagon will contain, apply the same rule.

=Hay.=

Hay loose allow 5 pounds to a cubic foot Hay in stack " 8 " " " " " Hay baled " 11 " " " " " Wagon-load of stack hay " 450 to 500 cubic feet to a ton " " " new-mown hay " 700 cubic feet to a ton

=Straw.=--Allow 10 to 12 pounds to a cubic foot.

MEASURES OF LENGTH.

LONG MEASURE.

12 inches make 1 foot ft. 3 feet " 1 yard yd. 5½ yards " 1 rod rd. 40 rods " 1 furlong fur. 8 furlongs, or 320 rods, " 1 mile mi. 3 miles " 1 league lea.

SURVEYOR'S MEASURE.

7.92 inches make 1 link li. 100 links " 1 chain ch. 80 chains " 1 mile mi.

SQUARE MEASURE.

144 square inches make 1 square foot sq. ft. 9 square feet " 1 square yard sq. yd. 30¼ square yards " 1 square rod sq. rd. 160 square rods " 1 acre A.

LAND MEASURE.

10,000 square links make 1 square chain 10 square chains " 1 acre 640 acres " 1 square mile

CUBIC MEASURE.

1728 cubic inches make 1 cubic foot cu. ft. 27 cubic feet " 1 cubic yard cu. yd. 128 cubic feet " 1 cord C.

LIQUID MEASURE.

The standard U. S. gallon equals 231 cubic inches, and contains 8.3311 pounds of pure water at 62° F.

A cubic foot of pure water at 62° F. weighs 62.32 pounds.

The liquid quart is about six sevenths of a quart of dry measure.

1 litre = 8.4536 gills = 2.1134 pints = 1.0567 quarts.

DRY MEASURE.

The bushel (Winchester) contains nearly 2150.42 cubic inches, and is a cylinder measure 18½ inches across and 8 inches deep.

A bushel measure will contain 9.31 gallons of pure water at 62° F.

1 litre = 1.816 pints = .908 quart.

APOTHECARIES' MEASURE.

60 minims (♏) 1 fluid drachm (f. ʒ) 8 drachms (water 1.732 cu. in., 1 fluid oz. (f. ℥) 437½ grains) 20 ounces 1 pint (O.) 8 pints (water 70,000 grains) 1 gallon (gall.) 1 drop 1 grain 60 drops 1 drachm 1 drachm 1 teaspoonful 4 drachms 1 tablespoonful 8 drachms (2 tablespoonfuls) 1 ounce 2 ounces (water 875 grains) 1 wineglassful 3 ounces 1 teacupful

MISCELLANEOUS TABLES.

COUNTING.

12 things make 1 dozen doz. 12 dozen " 1 gross gr. 12 gross " 1 great gross g. gr.

PAPER.

24 sheets make 1 quire qr. 20 quires " 1 ream ream 2 reams " 1 bundle bund. 2 bundles " 1 bale

BOOKS.

A book in which

Each sheet is folded into 2 leaves is a folio " " " " 4 " " quarto, or 4to " " " " 8 " " octavo, or 8vo " " " " 12 " " duodecimo, or 12mo " " " " 16 " " 16mo " " " " 24 " " 24mo " " " " 32 " " 32mo

MISCELLANEOUS VALUES.

4 inches make 1 hand, used in measuring horses 9 " " 1 span, " sacred history 18 feet " 1 cubit, " " " 6 " " 1 fathom, " measuring depths

MEASURES OF WEIGHT.

AVOIRDUPOIS = METRIC WEIGHTS.

--------------------+---------+------------+------------+------- Avoirdupois. | Grammes.|Decagrammes.|Kilogrammes.|Millier | | | | (Ton). --------------------+---------+------------+------------+------- 1 drachm | 1.77184| | | 1 ounce (16 drachms)| 28.34954| 2.83495| | 1 pound (16 ounces) |453.59256| 45.35926| 0.45359 | 1 hundredweight | | | 45.3552 | 1 ton (20 cwt.) | | | 907.1040 |0.9071 --------------------+---------+------------+------------+-------

Ton. Hundredweight. Pounds. Ounces. Drachms. 1 = 20 = 2000 = 32,000 = 522,000 1 = 100 = 1,600 = 25,600 1 = 16 = 256 1 = 16

TROY = METRIC WEIGHTS.

1 lb. = 12 oz. = 240 dwts. = 5760 grs. 1 " = 20 " = 480 " 1 " = 24 "

TABLES FOR CONVERTING U. S. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

CUSTOMARY TO METRIC.

LINEAR.

Inches to Feet to Yards to Miles to Millimetres. Metres. Metres. Kilometres.

1 = 25.4001 0.304801 0.914402 1.60935 2 = 50.8001 0.609601 1.828804 3.21869 3 = 76.2002 0.914402 2.743205 4.82804 4 = 101.6002 1.219202 3.657607 6.43739 5 = 127.0003 1.524003 4.572009 8.04674 6 = 152.4003 1.828804 5.486411 9.65608 7 = 177.8004 2.133604 6.400813 11.26543 8 = 203.2004 2.438405 7.315215 12.87478 9 = 228.6005 2.743205 8.229616 14.48412

SQUARE.

Square Square Square Acres to Inches to Feet to Yards to Hectares. Square Square Square Centimetres. Decimetres. Metres.

1 = 6.452 9.290 0.836 0.4047 2 = 12.903 18.581 1.672 0.8094 3 = 19.355 27.871 2.508 1.2141 4 = 25.807 37.161 3.344 1.6187 5 = 32.258 46.452 4.181 2.0234 6 = 38.710 55.742 5.017 2.4281 7 = 45.161 65.032 5.853 2.8328 8 = 51.613 74.323 6.689 3.2375 9 = 58.065 83.613 7.525 3.6422

CUBIC.

Cubic Cubic Cubic Bushels to Inches to Feet to Yards to Hectolitres. Cubic Cubic Cubic Centimetres. Metres. Metres.

1 = 16.387 0.02832 0.765 0.35239 2 = 32.774 0.05663 1.529 0.70479 3 = 49.161 0.08495 2.294 1.05718 4 = 65.549 0.11327 3.058 1.40957 5 = 81.936 0.14158 3.823 1.76196 6 = 98.323 0.16990 4.587 2.11436 7 = 114.710 0.19822 5.352 2.46675 8 = 131.097 0.22654 6.116 2.81914 9 = 147.484 0.25485 6.881 3.17154

CAPACITY.

Fluid Drachms to Fluid Quarts Gallons Millilitres Ounces to to to or Cubic Millilitres. Litres. Litres. Centimetres.

1 = 3.70 29.57 0.94636 3.78543 2 = 7.39 59.15 1.89272 7.57087 3 = 11.09 88.72 2.83908 11.35630 4 = 14.79 118.29 3.78543 15.14174 5 = 18.48 147.87 4.73179 18.92717 6 = 22.18 177.44 5.67815 22.71261 7 = 25.88 207.02 6.62451 26.49804 8 = 29.57 236.59 7.57087 30.28348 9 = 33.27 266.16 8.51723 34.06891

WEIGHT.

Grains Avoirdupois Avoirdupois Troy to Ounces to Pounds to Ounces to Milligrammes. Grammes. Kilogrammes. Grammes.

1 = 64.7989 28.3495 0.45359 31.10348 2 = 129.5978 56.6991 0.90719 62.20696 3 = 194.3968 85.0486 1.36078 93.31044 4 = 259.1957 113.3981 1.81437 124.41392 5 = 323.9946 141.7476 2.26796 155.51740 6 = 388.7935 170.0972 2.72156 186.62088 7 = 453.5924 198.4467 3.17515 217.72437 8 = 518.3914 226.7962 3.62874 248.82785 9 = 583.1903 255.1457 4.08233 279.93133

1 Gunter's chain = 20.1168 metres 1 square statute mile = 259.000 hectares 1 fathom = 1.829 metres 1 nautical mile = 1853.25 metres 1 foot = 0.304801 metre, 9.4840158 log. 1 avoirdupois pound = 453.5924277 gramme 15432.35639 grains = 1 kilogramme

METRIC TO CUSTOMARY

LINEAR.

Metres to Metres to Metres to Kilometres Inches. Feet. Yards. to Miles.

1 = 39.3700 3.28083 1.093611 0.62137 2 = 78.7400 6.56167 2.187222 1.24274 3 = 118.1100 9.84250 3.280833 1.86411 4 = 157.4800 13.12333 4.374444 2.48548 5 = 196.8500 16.40417 5.468056 3.10685 6 = 236.2200 19.68500 6.561667 3.72822 7 = 275.5900 22.96583 7.655278 4.34959 8 = 314.9600 26.24667 8.748889 4.97096 9 = 354.3300 29.52750 9.842500 5.59233

SQUARE.

Square Square Square Hectares to Centimetres Metres to Metres to Acres. to Square Square Square Inches. Feet. Yards.

1 = 0.1550 10.764 1.196 2.471 2 = 0.3100 21.528 2.392 4.942 3 = 0.4650 32.292 3.588 7.413 4 = 0.6200 43.055 4.784 9.884 5 = 0.7750 53.819 5.980 12.355 6 = 0.9300 64.583 7.176 14.826 7 = 1.0850 75.347 8.372 17.297 8 = 1.2400 86.111 9.568 19.768 9 = 1.3950 96.875 10.764 22.239

CUBIC.

Cubic Cubic Cubic Cubic Centimetres Decimetres Metres Metres to Cubic to Cubic to Cubic to Cubic Inches. Inches. Feet. Yards.

1 = 0.0610 61.023 35.314 1.308 2 = 0.1220 122.047 70.629 2.616 3 = 0.1831 183.070 105.943 3.924 4 = 0.2441 244.094 141.258 5.232 5 = 0.3051 305.117 176.572 6.540 6 = 0.3661 366.140 211.887 7.848 7 = 0.4272 427.164 247.201 9.156 8 = 0.4882 488.187 282.516 10.464 9 = 0.5492 549.210 317.830 11.771

CAPACITY.

Millimetres or Cubic Centilitres Litres Decalitres Hectolitres Centimetres to Fluid to to to to Fluid Ounces. Quarts. Gallons. Bushels. Drachms.

1 = 0.27 0.338 1.0567 2.6417 2.8377 2 = 0.54 0.676 2.1134 5.2834 5.6755 3 = 0.81 1.014 3.1700 7.9251 8.5132 4 = 1.08 1.353 4.2267 10.5668 11.3510 5 = 1.35 1.691 5.2834 13.2085 14.1887 6 = 1.62 2.029 6.3401 15.8502 17.0265 7 = 1.89 2.367 7.3968 18.4919 19.8642 8 = 2.16 2.705 8.4535 21.1336 22.7019 9 = 2.43 3.043 9.5101 23.7753 25.5397

WEIGHT.

Milligrammes Kilogrammes Hectogrammes Kilogrammes to to to Ounces to Pounds Grains. Grains. Avoirdupois. Avoirdupois.

1 = 0.01543 15432.36 3.5274 2.20462 2 = 0.03086 30864.71 7.0548 4.40924 3 = 0.04630 46297.07 10.5822 6.61387 4 = 0.06173 61729.43 14.1096 8.81849 5 = 0.07716 77161.78 17.6370 11.02311 6 = 0.09259 92594.14 21.1644 13.22773 7 = 0.10803 108026.49 24.6918 15.43236 8 = 0.12346 123458.85 28.2192 17.63698 9 = 0.13889 138891.21 31.7466 19.84160

Quintals to Milliers or tonnes Kilogrammes Pounds to Pounds to Ounces Avoirdupois. Avoirdupois. Troy.

1 = 220.46 2204.6 32.1507 2 = 440.92 4409.2 64.3015 3 = 661.39 6613.9 96.4522 4 = 881.85 8818.5 128.6030 5 = 1102.31 11023.1 160.7537 6 = 1322.77 13227.7 192.9044 7 = 1543.24 15432.4 225.0552 8 = 1763.70 17637.0 257.2059 9 = 1984.16 19841.6 289.3567

SALUTES.

Salutes are fired between sunrise and sunset, and, as a rule, never on Sunday. Salute to the Union, one gun for each state, fired at meridian, July 4th; the international salute, 21 guns.

The President, 21 guns, both on arriving at and departing from a military post.

On arriving at a military post:

The Vice-President and President of the Senate 19 guns

Members of the Cabinet, Chief Justice, Speaker of the House of Representatives, Governors in their respective states and territories, Committees of Congress visiting officially 17 "

Assistant Secretary of War 15 "

Sovereign or Chief Magistrate of a foreign state 21 "

Members of Royal Family 21 "

Viceroy, Governor-general, or Governors of provinces belonging to foreign states 17 "

Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary 17 "

Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary 15 "

Ministers Resident accredited to the United States 13 "

Chargés d'Affaires or subordinate diplomatic agent in charge of mission in the United States 11 "

Consuls-general accredited to the United States 9 "

To General-in-Chief, Field-marshal, or Admiral 17 "

To Lieutenant-General or Vice-Admiral 15 "

To Major-General or Rear-Admiral 13 "

To Brigadier-General or Commodore 11 "

An officer on duty, according to brevet rank, receives the salute of that rank.

Officers of volunteers or militia are saluted only when in service of United States.

Officers on retired list are not saluted.

Officers of foreign services are saluted according to their rank.

TABLE FOR CALCULATING CLOTHING ACCOUNTS.

Take the numbers from the columns A and B corresponding to the date immediately preceding the date of the man's enlistment.

------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ January. | February. | March. | April. | May. | -----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+---+--+-----+---+--+ Date.| A| B |Date.| A| B |Date.| A| B |Date.| A | B|Date.| A | B| -----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+---+--+-----+---+--+ 1 | 1|180| 1 |32|149| 1 |60|121| 1 | 91|90| 1 |121|60| 2 | 2|179| 2 |33|148| 2 |61|120| 2 | 92|89| 2 |122|59| 3 | 3|178| 3 |34|147| 3 |62|119| 3 | 93|88| 3 |123|58| 4 | 4|177| 4 |35|146| 4 |63|118| 4 | 94|87| 4 |124|57| 5 | 5|176| 5 |36|145| 5 |64|117| 5 | 95|86| 5 |125|56| 6 | 6|175| 6 |37|144| 6 |65|116| 6 | 96|85| 6 |126|55| 7 | 7|174| 7 |38|143| 7 |66|115| 7 | 97|84| 7 |127|54| 8 | 8|173| 8 |39|142| 8 |67|114| 8 | 98|83| 8 |128|53| 9 | 9|172| 9 |40|141| 9 |68|113| 9 | 99|82| 9 |129|52| 10 |10|171| 10 |41|140| 10 |69|112| 10 |100|81| 10 |130|51| 11 |11|170| 11 |42|139| 11 |70|111| 11 |101|80| 11 |131|50| 12 |12|169| 12 |43|138| 12 |71|110| 12 |102|79| 12 |132|49| 13 |13|168| 13 |44|137| 13 |72|109| 13 |103|78| 13 |133|48| 14 |14|167| 14 |45|136| 14 |73|108| 14 |104|77| 14 |134|47| 15 |15|166| 15 |46|135| 15 |74|107| 15 |105|76| 15 |135|46| 16 |16|165| 16 |47|134| 16 |75|106| 16 |106|75| 16 |136|45| 17 |17|164| 17 |48|133| 17 |76|105| 17 |107|74| 17 |137|44| 18 |18|163| 18 |49|132| 18 |77|104| 18 |108|73| 18 |138|43| 19 |19|162| 19 |50|131| 19 |78|103| 19 |109|72| 19 |139|42| 20 |20|161| 20 |51|130| 20 |79|102| 20 |110|71| 20 |140|41| 21 |21|160| 21 |52|129| 21 |80|101| 21 |111|70| 21 |141|40| 22 |22|159| 22 |53|128| 22 |81|100| 22 |112|69| 22 |142|39| 23 |23|158| 23 |54|127| 23 |82| 99| 23 |113|68| 23 |143|38| 24 |24|157| 24 |55|126| 24 |83| 98| 24 |114|67| 24 |144|37| 25 |25|156| 25 |56|125| 25 |84| 97| 25 |115|66| 25 |145|36| 26 |26|155| 26 |57|124| 26 |85| 96| 26 |116|65| 26 |146|35| 27 |27|154| 27 |58|123| 27 |86| 95| 27 |117|64| 27 |147|34| 28 |28|153| 28 |59|122| 28 |87| 94| 28 |118|63| 28 |148|33| 29 |29|152| | | | 29 |88| 93| 29 |119|62| 29 |149|32| 30 |30|151| | | | 30 |89| 92| 30 |120|61| 30 |150|31| 31 |31|150| | | | 31 |90| 91| | | | 31 |151|30| -----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+---+--+-----+---+--+

[Part 2 of Table.] ------------+------------+------------+------------+------------+ June. | July. | August. | September | October. | -----+---+--+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+---+--+ Date.| A | B|Date.| A| B |Date.| A| B |Date.| A| B |Date.| A | B| -----+---+--+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+---+--+ 1 |152|29| 1 | 1|183| 1 |32|152| 1 |63|121| 1 | 93|91| 2 |153|28| 2 | 2|182| 2 |33|151| 2 |64|120| 2 | 94|90| 3 |154|27| 3 | 3|181| 3 |34|150| 3 |65|119| 3 | 95|89| 4 |155|26| 4 | 4|180| 4 |35|149| 4 |66|118| 4 | 96|88| 5 |156|25| 5 | 5|179| 5 |36|148| 5 |67|117| 5 | 97|87| 6 |157|24| 6 | 6|178| 6 |37|147| 6 |68|116| 6 | 98|86| 7 |158|23| 7 | 7|177| 7 |38|146| 7 |69|115| 7 | 99|85| 8 |159|22| 8 | 8|176| 8 |39|145| 8 |70|114| 8 |100|84| 9 |160|21| 9 | 9|175| 9 |40|144| 9 |71|113| 9 |101|83| 10 |161|20| 10 |10|174| 10 |41|143| 10 |72|112| 10 |102|82| 11 |162|19| 11 |11|173| 11 |42|142| 11 |73|111| 11 |103|81| 12 |163|18| 12 |12|172| 12 |43|141| 12 |74|110| 12 |104|80| 13 |164|17| 13 |13|171| 13 |44|140| 13 |75|109| 13 |105|79| 14 |165|16| 14 |14|170| 14 |45|139| 14 |76|108| 14 |106|78| 15 |166|15| 15 |15|169| 15 |46|138| 15 |77|107| 15 |107|77| 16 |167|14| 16 |16|168| 16 |47|137| 16 |78|106| 16 |108|76| 17 |168|13| 17 |17|167| 17 |48|136| 17 |79|105| 17 |109|75| 18 |169|12| 18 |18|166| 18 |49|135| 18 |80|104| 18 |110|74| 19 |170|11| 19 |19|165| 19 |50|134| 19 |81|103| 19 |111|73| 20 |171|10| 20 |20|164| 20 |51|133| 20 |82|102| 20 |112|72| 21 |172| 9| 21 |21|163| 21 |52|132| 21 |83|101| 21 |113|71| 22 |173| 8| 22 |22|162| 22 |53|131| 22 |84|100| 22 |114|70| 23 |174| 7| 23 |23|161| 23 |54|130| 23 |85| 99| 23 |115|69| 24 |175| 6| 24 |24|160| 24 |55|129| 24 |86| 98| 24 |116|68| 25 |176| 5| 25 |25|159| 25 |56|128| 25 |87| 97| 25 |117|67| 26 |177| 4| 26 |26|158| 26 |57|127| 26 |88| 96| 26 |118|66| 27 |178| 3| 27 |27|157| 27 |58|126| 27 |89| 95| 27 |119|65| 28 |179| 2| 28 |28|156| 28 |59|125| 28 |90| 94| 28 |120|64| 29 |180| 1| 29 |29|155| 29 |60|124| 29 |91| 93| 29 |121|63| 30 |181| 0| 30 |30|154| 30 |61|123| 30 |92| 92| 30 |122|62| | | | 31 |31|153| 31 |62|122| | | | 31 |123|61| -----+---+--+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+--+---+-----+---+--+

[Part 3 of Table.] ------------+------------- November. | December. -----+---+--+-----+---+--- Date.| A | B|Date.| A | B -----+---+--+-----+---+--- 1 |124|60| 1 |154|30 2 |125|59| 2 |155|29 3 |126|58| 3 |156|28 4 |127|57| 4 |157|27 5 |128|56| 5 |158|26 6 |129|55| 6 |159|25 7 |130|54| 7 |160|24 8 |131|53| 8 |161|23 9 |132|52| 9 |162|22 10 |133|51| 10 |163|21 11 |134|50| 11 |164|20 12 |135|49| 12 |165|19 13 |136|48| 13 |166|18 14 |137|47| 14 |167|17 15 |138|46| 15 |168|16 16 |139|45| 16 |169|15 17 |140|44| 17 |170|14 18 |141|43| 18 |171|13 19 |142|42| 19 |172|12 20 |143|41| 20 |173|11 21 |144|40| 21 |174|10 22 |145|39| 22 |175| 9 23 |146|38| 23 |176| 8 24 |147|37| 24 |177| 7 25 |148|36| 25 |178| 6 26 |149|35| 26 |179| 5 27 |150|34| 27 |180| 4 28 |151|33| 28 |181| 3 29 |152|32| 29 |182| 2 30 |153|31| 30 |183| 1 | | | 31 |184| 0 -----+---+--+-----+---+---

CAMP FURNITURE.

The following-named articles, manufactured by the Gold Medal Camp Furniture Manufacturing Company, of Racine, Wis., can be obtained of furniture dealers:

=Folding Camp-bed.=--6 feet 2 inches long by 2 feet 4 inches wide. When folded, it is 3 feet 4 inches long by 5 inches wide. Weight, 14 pounds. Cost, $3.50. Mosquito-bar frame, 75 cents.

=Folding Camp-table.=--Top 2 feet 3 inches by 3 feet 2 inches. Will comfortably seat four persons. Folded it is 3 feet 2 inches long by 5 × 7 inches. Weight, 16 pounds. Cost, $3.75. Extra shelf, 75 cents.

=Folding Camp-chair.=--Folded, 3 feet long by 3 × 3 inches. Weight, 4½ pounds. Cost, $2.

=Folding Camp-stool.=--75 cents.

The attention of officers desiring such articles is called to the mess-chest and stove manufactured by H. K. Coale, 1223 Chamber of Commerce, Chicago Ill.

THE OFFICER'S FIELD MESS-CHEST FOR SIX PERSONS.

Size, 22 × 15 × 12 inches. Weight, 60 lbs. Price, $50.

CONTENTS.

SILVER-PLATED WARE.

1 quadruple-plated butter-dish. 1 " covered sugar-bowl. 1 " creamer. 6 Rogers & Bros. best triple-plate steel knives. 6 " " " " forks. 6 " " " tablespoons. 6 " " " teaspoons. 1 " " " butter-knife. 1 " " " sugar-shell. 1 large salt-shaker, strong glass. 1 " pepper-shaker, " " 1 screw-top oil-jug, " " 1 " vinegar-jug, " " 1 [japanned] tray, 13 × 16 inches. 1 large corkscrew. 6 individual butter-shells. 1 brass bottle-tray.

WHITE ENAMELLED WARE.

6 cups. 6 saucers. 6 plates. 6 soup-bowls. 3 10-inch vegetable-dishes, B. & W. ware. 1 14-inch meat-platter, " " 1 16-inch " " " 1 4-quart pitcher, " " 1 mustard-pot. 1 Sears' set carvers, 3 pieces, buck-horn handles. 1 best steel bread-knife. 1 new patent lemon-squeezer. 1 nickel-plated liquor-mixer. 1 agate-ware teapot. 1 syrup-jug. 6 snow-white enamel tumblers. 1 wire teapot-stand.

COALE'S CAMP-STOVE AND OUTFIT.

Sold with or without chest.

This chest is made very strong, with metal corners, size 13 × 19 × 28 inches. Contains: 1 stove with oven (stove is 26 × 17½ × 11 inches; has 4 cast-iron 7-inch lids; oven is 8 × 16½ × 10½ inches), 4 lengths pipe, 1 elbow, 1 baking-pan, 1 frying-pan, 1 basting-spoon, 3 camp-kettles, 1 wash-bowl, 6 iron knives, forks, and spoons, 6 white enamel cups, 6 white enamel saucers, 1 carving-knife and fork, 1 tea-kettle, 1 saucepan, 1 poker, 1 wire broiler, 1 cake-turner, 1 basting-fork. This outfit is for rough and ready service, and can be thrown into a wagon on short notice.

Price of outfit as above, with oven, packed in pine box $15.00 Same with chest 25.00

INDEX.

Abscess, 207

Accidents to carriages, 273

Accoutrements, cost of, 442

Adiabatic transformation, 363

Air-space, initial, defined, 363

Allowance, projectiles for target practice, 447 , revolver ammunition, 160 of wagons, 297

Ammunition, 3.2-inch gun, description of, 96 , 3.6 " " " " , 108 , 3.6 " (mortar) " " , 117 , Hotchkiss revolving cannon, 322 , 1.65-inch mountain, description of, 6, 7 , 3.0 " " " " , 27-29 , fixed, for field-guns, " " , 87 , 1.65-inch, instructions for packing, 18 , how supplied to mountain-batteries, 60, 61 , allowance for target practice, 447 , allowance for revolver practice, 160 , how prepared, 31, 32, 180, 181 , proportion of each kind for mountain-battery, 34 , rounds in box for 1.65-inch, 12 , care of, 178 , how painted, 178 chest, contents of, 135 boxes for 1.65-inch, 12 pack, rounds carried, in 12

Angle of departure, 364 of elevation, 364 of sight, 364

Animals, salt and vinegar for, 433

Apothecaries' measure, 485

Artillery commander, duties of, 376 corps, 262 , divisional, 262 , transportation by sea, 301 , how stored on shipboard, 301, 302 , disembarkation from shipboard, 303, 314 , transportation by rail, 301 , organization of, 261 , proportion of, in army, 262 teams, power of, 194 -wagon, weight and description of, 149 -harness, 150 -wagon harness, 157

Axes, where carried on caisson, 142

Axle-seats for field-gun carriage, nomenclature, 127

Armament, how stored on railroad cars, 306 on shipboard, 302

Army-wagon, inside measurement, 482

Austrian light artillery, 121 mountain-artillery, 70, 71 gun-pits, 473

Barley, pounds in bushel, 481

Barrels, weights and dimensions of, 417

Barrack chairs, allowance of, 453

Battalion commander, duties of, 377

Batteries, the different kinds of, 261

Battery books and records, 431 , light, enlisted men for, 263 , composition of, 262 , organization of, 263 , present organization, of 434 commander, duties of, 377 guard, 181-187 , cost of, 435 , special-duty men allowed, 434 , supply table of ordnance stores for, 445 tableware and kitchen utensils, 451

Battery-wagon and forge, weight and description of, 144 , nomenclature, 145 , articles carried on, 145 , storing of implements, 147

Beans, pounds in bushel, 481

Beef, pounds in barrel, 481

Belt, officer's, cost of, 443

Bivouacs, 288

Blacking for harness, 62

Bladder, inflammation of, 207 , irritation of, 207

Blasting, dynamite, 420

Blocks, etc., 394

Blue-grass seed, pounds in bushel, 481

Boats, buoyancy of, 416 for bridges, 415

Books kept in light battery, 431

Bowbrake, nomenclature and description, 127

Bowels, inflammation of, 208

Boxes, capacity of, 482

Bran-mash, how made, 206

Bread, rule for making, 69

Breaking camp, 296

Breech-block, field-gun, description of, 73 mechanism, field-gun, action of, 81 , how dismounted, 83 , how assembled, 83 , 3.6-inch mortar, 113 , Gatling gun, action of, 331 , Hotchkiss revolving cannon, how assembled, 321 , how dismounted, 320

Bridges, boat, 415 , floating, 415 , flying, 414 , frame, 406 , lock, 406-408 , sling, 409 , stringer, 411 , trestle, 404 , roadway for, 403 , passage of military, 278 , weights borne by, 402

Bronchitis, 208

Bronze-handle for field-gun, 80

Bruce feed for Gatling gun, 332

Buoyancy of boats, 416 of casks, 416

Burns, 209 and scalds (men), 478

Bushel, cubic yards in, 482

Caisson, field, nomenclature and description, 139 , weights and equipments, 143 , articles carried on, 140 , implements stowed on, 141 , Hotchkiss revolving cannon, 325

Camp, selection of, 280 , laying out of, 280, 283-287 , duties on reaching, 281 , breaking of, 296 , for mountain-batteries, 67-68 , for battalion of artillery, 286 -furniture, 494 -stove, 495

Canister, general description, 371 , 3.2-inch, description of, 96 , 3.6 " " " , 108 , 1.65 " " " , 7 , 3.0 " " " , 29 , how painted, 178 , when used, 372, 387

Canvas buckets, where carried on caisson, 142

Cannoneers, 1.65-inch gun mountain-battery, 21 , 3.0 " " " " , 34

Carpenter's and wheelwright's chest, contents of, 145

Carriages, accidents to, 273

Carriage, field-gun, description of, 129 , nomenclature, 125 , Hotchkiss revolving cannon, 323 , Gatling gun, 337 , Gardner gun, 351 , Maxim automatic machine-gun, 358

Carriage, metallic, for machine-gun, 361 , 1.65-inch gun, description of, 8 , how packed, 17 , 3.0-inch gun, description of, 24 , 3.6-inch mortar, description and nomenclature, 114 , field-gun, axle-seat, nomenclature, 127 , bowbrake, " , 127 , elevating device, nomenclature, 127-129 , care of, 174 , limber, articles carried on, 136

Cartridge, 1.65-inch gun, how assembled, 32 -bags, how filled, 180 -case, " " , 32

Cargoes, how packed, 41 , how loaded, 42 , how unloaded, 47

Carrier-ring, description of, 75

Cars, horse, dimensions of, 303 , passenger, seating capacity, 306

Castor beans, pounds in bushel, 481

Casks, buoyancy of, 416

Chafing (men), 478

Cholera morbus (men), 478

Clothing, allowance of, 452 and equipment for men on march, 267 , table for calculating, accounts, 492 , weight of, 454

Clover-seed, pounds in bushel, 481

Cold, 53

Collar, steel, description of and how fitted, 154-156

Colic, spasmodic, 55, 209 (men), 478

Commander, artillery, duties of, 376 , battalion, " " , 377 , battery, " " , 377

Cooking, camp, 293 utensils in field, 265

Corps, artillery, 262 , duties of chief, 377

Constipation, 210 (men), 478

Cordage, 392

Corns, 210

Corn brooms, allowance of, 453

Corn, how to determine quantity of, 482 , pounds in bushel, 481

Cracked heels, 211

Cramp, 56

Cross-fire, 366

Curb, 211

Cubic measure, 483

De Bange obturator, description of, 77

_Definitions_: Adiabatic transformation, 363 Air-space, initial, 363 Angle of departure, 364 Angle of elevation, 364 Angle of sight, 364 Ballistics, exterior, 363 , interior, 362 Cross-fire, 366 Density, 362 Density, gravimetric, 362 of loading, 362 , sectional, 363 , spherical, 363 Detonation, 363 Direct fire, 365 Drift, 365 Enfilade fire, 366 Final velocity, 365 Flanking fire, 366 Gunpowder, ignition, 362 , inflammation, 362 , combustion, 362 , explosion, 362 , slow, 363 High-angle fire, 365 Indirect fire, 365 Initial velocity, 365 Jump, 365 Line of departure, 364 Line of fire, 364 of sight, 364 Oblique fire, 365 Plane of fire, 364 Point of mean impact, 367 Plane of sight, 364 Probable rectangle, 367 Probability of fire, 366 Reduced length, 363 Remaining velocity, 365 Reverse fire, 366 Similar guns, 363 Similarly loaded guns, 363 Trajectory, 363 Velocity of emission, 363 , initial, 365 , remaining, 365 , final, 365

Deflection, rule for correcting, 95

Dentition of horse, 196

Demolition, 427-429

Destruction of horses, 260

Detonation, 363

Diarrhœa, 478

Direct fire, 365

Diseases of the horse (see Veterinary Treatment), 200 mule " " " , 53

Disembarkation from shipboard, 301, 314

Distances, estimation of, 374

Distemper, 211

Ditches, how crossed, 276

Divisional artillery, 262

Dressing for harness, 61

Dried apples, pounds in bushel, 481

Drift, 365

Driggs-Schroeder field-gun, 84 , how dismounted, 85 , how assembled, 86

Drowning, 479

Drivers, mountain-batteries, instructions for, 62-64

Dynamite, description of, 420 , how used in blasting, 420

Dry measure, 484

Elevating device for field-carriage, 127, 129

Emetics (men), 480

Enfilade fire, 366

England, mountain-artillery, 70 , light artillery, 123 , gun-pit, 474

Enlisted men, light battery, description of, 263 , equipment and clothing on march, 267 , pay table for, 455

Equipage, allowance of, 452 , weight of, 454

Equipment, etc., for officers on march, 265 , of personnel of battery, 264 , for enlisted men on march, 267 , of 1.65-inch mountain-battery, 20 , of 3.0 " " " , 34 , weight of, in field-battery, 138

Exterior ballistics, 363

Eye, 54

Fainting, 480

Farcy, 211

Feed, Bruce, for Gatling gun, 332 , Accles " " " , 333 , improved, for Gatling gun, 334

Feeding animals on cars, 304 animals, 50, 238

Ferry, 414

Field-artillery, foreign, 120-123

Field-gun carriage, nomenclature, 125 , description, 129 , axle-seat, nomenclature, 127 , bowbrake " , 127 , elevating device " , 127-129 limber, description and nomenclature, 131-135

Field-guns, construction of, 72 , 3.2-inch, description of, 89 , 3.6 " " " , 108 , breech-mechanism, 73 , action of, 81

Field-guns, Gerdom breech-mechanism, 86 , Driggs-Schroeder breech-mechanism, 84 , how dismounted, 85 , how assembled, 86 , breech-mechanism, how dismounted, 83 assembled, 83 , bronze-handle, 80 , carrier-ring, 75 , latch, 76 , latch-cover, 75 , hinge-pin, 76 , locking-recess, 75 , guide-groove, 75 , guide-sectors, 75 , lever-handle, 79 , obturator, 77-78 , stop, 76 , vent-cover, 80 , pointing-arcs for, 93 , " , how used, 95 , sight, front, 90 , rear, 92 , fixed ammunition for, 87 , how disabled, 275

Field-ovens, how made, 294

Filters, how made, 295

Final velocity, 365

Fish, pounds in barrel, 481

Fistula, 54, 211

Firing, night, 391 , indirect, 390 , projectiles used, 385

Fire, rates of, 388

Flanking fire, 366

Floats, cask, how made, 416

Floating bridges, 415

Flying bridges, 414

Flaxseed, pounds in bushel, 481

Flour, pounds in barrel, 481

Foot inflammation, 212

Foreign light artillery, 120-123

Foreign mountain artillery, 70-71

Forage, allowance of, 239 , how fed, 239 , weight of, 239

Fords, how crossed, 277, 414

Forge-chest, contents of, 146

Founder, 212

Frame bridges, 406

Freight, cubic yards to ton, 482

France, mountain-artillery, 70 , light " , 120 , gun-pit, 469

Freyre obturator, description of, 78 on 3.6-inch mortar, 113

Friction-primer for mountain-gun, 3

Frost-bites, 480

Fuel, allowance of, 453

Fuzes and friction-primers, how kept, 180

Fuze, Frankford Arsenal base-percussion for field-shell, 102, 108 , combination, for field-shrapnel, 99, 108 , for 3.6-inch mortar-shrapnel, 117 -shell, 117 for mountain-gun ammunition, 11 , Hotchkiss point-percussion, 9

Gaits for artillery teams, 195

Galls, 55, 214

Gardner gun, description of, 346 nomenclature, 350 assembling, 352 dismounting, 351 carriage, 351 limber, 351

Gatling gun, description of, 327 , action of mechanism, 331 , precautions in firing, 336 , 1-inch, nomenclature, 344 , assembling, 345 , dismounting, 344 , long-barrel, 1883, assembling, 343 , dismounting, 342 , short-barrel, 1875, assembling, 341 , dismounting, 340 , carriage, 337 , limber, 338 , weights, etc., 339

Germany, light artillery, 120 , gun-pit, 471

Gerdom breech-mechanism, 86

Glanders, 56, 197, 214

Grease, 56, 215 , axle, when applied, 174

Gruel, how made, 206

Guard, commander of, 183 , orders for, 181-87

Guns, care of, 176 , when painted, 177

Gunners' quadrant for mountain-guns, 6 , description of, 116

Guncotton, 424 , how fired, 425

Gunpowder, combustion of, etc., 362 , description of, 419 , slow, 363

Gun-pits, general observations, 477 , Austrian, 4 , English, 473 , French, 469 , German, 471 , Russian, 475

Harness, light-artillery, description of, 150 , weights of parts, 157 , price list, 440 for artillery-wagon, 157 , how fitted to horse, 172 , how arranged on pegs, 165 , care and preservation of, 61, 163 , mouldy, how cleaned, 162 , soaps and dressings for, 61, 164

Harness, varnish for, 161 for 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 12 , how packed, 17

Harnessing, of mules, 52 in garrison, 166

Hay, description of, 240 , how to determine quantity of, 483

Heat exhaustion, 480

Hemp-seed, pounds in bushel, 481

High-angle fire, 365 , explosives, storage of, 426 , transportation of, 425

Hide-bound, 216

Hitches, 396

Horse-artillery, front caisson-chest removed, 142

Hock lameness, 216

Hoof-bound, 216

Horse, nomenclature of parts, 192, 193 , description of, 188 , age of, 196 , how obtained, 188 , how selected, 189 , how branded, 191 , how trained, 224-258 , how fed, 238 , how watered, 241 , directions for shoeing, 232 , care and treatment of, 258 , nomenclature of diseases, 200 , in health and disease, 199 , sick, care of, 197 , glandered, action taken, 198 , destruction of the, 260 equipments, cost of, 443 , weight drawn by, in field-carriage, 138 -caisson, 143 battery-wagon and forge, 148

Horses for 1.65-inch mountain-battery, 22 , how loaded and fed on cars, 304 , care of, at sea, 311 , transportation of, by sea, 307 , by rail, 304

Hotchkiss revolving cannon, description of, 316 , action of mechanism, 319 , care of, 321 , mounting and dismounting, 320 , ammunition, 322 , carriage, 323 , caisson, 325 , limber, 324 , range table, 326

Hunting-knife, 160

Huts, log, 296

Hut-stables, 234

Ice, passage of, 297

Implements, where stowed on caisson, 141

Indirect fire, 365 firing, 390

Influenza, 216

Initial velocity, 365

Interior ballistics, 362

Intoxication, 480

Italy, mountain-artillery, 70 , light artillery, 122

Jump, 365

Knapsacks, where carried, 136 , how packed, 267

Kitchen utensils, allowance of, 451

Knife, hunting, price of, 442

Knots, 397

Lacquers for metals, 162

Lameness, 218

Lampas, 218

Lamps, allowance of, 454

Land measure, 483

Lanterns, cost of, 445 , where carried on caisson, 142

Laryngitis, 218

Lashings, 401

Latch for field-gun, 76 -cover for field-gun, 75

Leather, mouldy, how cleaned, 162 , how attached to metal, 162

Lever-handle for field-gun, 79

Limber, field-gun, description and nomenclature, 131-135 , articles carried on, 136 , Gardner gun, 351 , Gatling gun, 338 , Hotchkiss revolving cannon, 324 , 3.0-inch mountain-gun, 25

Line of departure, 364 of fire, 364 of sight, 364

Liquid measure, 484

Loading-tools, 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 11 , 3.0 " " " , 31

Lock bridges, 406-408

Machine-guns, 316 , care of, 177 , metallic carriage for, 361

Mange, 56, 219

Maxim gun, 353 , assembling, 359 , dismounting, 359 , operation of mechanism, 356 , care of, 358 , carriage for, 358

Marches, articles required, 264 , cooking utensils, 265 , officers' equipment, 265 , how conducted, 64, 268 , distance covered daily on, 269 , damages on, when repaired, 273

Marking-outfit, cost of, 445

Medicines, veterinary, supply table of, 448

Measures of length, 483 , liquid, cylinders for, 481 , of weight, 486

Mess-chest, officer's, 494

Metric tables, 486

Miscellaneous tables, 485

Mortar, 3.6-inch field, description of, 113 , carriage for, 114 , platform, 115 , pointing-scale, 116 , ammunition, 117

Mountain-artillery, foreign, 70

Mountain-battery, camps for, 67 , gunners' quadrant, 6 , general instructions for, 58 , instructions for drivers, 62 , marches, 64 , tools, etc., for, 19, 31 , supplying ammunition to, 60

Mountain-gun, 1.65-inch, description of, 1 , nomenclature of, 3 , action of breech-mechanism, 3 , breech-mechanism, how dismounted, 4 , how dismounted, 11 , care of, 4 , loading-tools for, 11 , sights for, 5 , ammunition for, 6 , instructions for packing ammunition, 18 , carriage for, 8 , instructions for packing carriage and harness, 15-18 , harnessed for draught, 19 , organization and equipment of, 20 , animals required, 22 , packing-outfit, 12 , weights carried by mules, 19 , service of, 22 , range table, 10 , 3.0-inch, description of, 23 , ammunition for, 27 , carriage for, 24 , how packed, 35 , limber, 25 , loading-tools for, 31 , sights for, 23 , spare parts, etc., 29 , tools and supplies, 30 , weights carried by mules, 38 , organization and equipment, 34 , cannoneers per gun, 34 , range table for, 33

Mule, description of the, 49 , care of, 51 , feeding and watering, 50 , harnessing and breaking, 52 , how saddled, 40 , how unsaddled, 48 , shoeing the, 51 , veterinary treatment, 53 , weights carried by, in 1.65-inch battery, 19 by pack, 39

Mules, number required in 1.65-inch battery, 22

Navicular disease, 219

Night-firing, 391

Nose-bag, pounds of oats in, 482

Oats, description of, 240 , how to determine quantity of, 482 , weight of nosebagful, 482 , pounds in bushel, 481

Oblique fire, 365

Odometer, 279

Obturator, de Bange, 77 , Freyre, 78 , spare, where carried, 136

Oil, allowance of, 454

Oiler, where carried, 136

Onions, pounds in bushel, 481

Officer of the day, battery, 183

Office-furniture, allowance of, 454

Officers' equipment and clothing on march, 265

Ophthalmia, 220

Orders for stable guard, 181-187

Organization of artillery, 261 of light battery, 263 (present), 434 of 1.65-inch mountain-battery, 20 of 3.0 " " " , 34

Outfit, packing, 1.65-inch gun, cost of, 441

Overcoat, how rolled, 268

Pack, ammunition, 12 -saddles, 39 , nomenclature of ordinary, 39 , how fitted, 40 -trains, 39 , allowance of mules to, 39 , how packed, 39 , number of packers to, 39

Packing of cargoes, 41 mountain-gun, 13 -outfit, 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 12 carriage, " " " " , 15 3.0 " " " , 35 , weights carried by mules, 19, 39

Paints, oils, and brushes, care of, 161

Paint for canvas, 161 for field-guns, 176 , old, how to remove, 176 , waterproof, how made, 161

Paralysis, 220

Paulins, where carried, 136 , weight and dimensions, 138

Pay table for enlisted men, 455

Peaches, pounds in bushel, 481

Peas, pounds in bushel, 481

Penetration of field-shell, 368 of projectiles, 468-469

Pharyngitis, 220

Pickaxes, where carried on caisson, 141

Picket-line, where established, 233

Platform for 3.6-inch mortar, 115

Plane of fire, 364 of sight, 364

Pleurisy, 221

Pneumonia, 222

Pointing-arc for field-guns, 93 , how used, 95 -scale, 3.6-inch mortar, 116

Pole-prop, where carried, 136

Poll evil, 54

Point of mean impact, 367

Potatoes, pounds in bushel, 481

Pork, pounds in barrel, 481

Poultice, how made, 206

Powder, care and transportation of, 178

Probability of fire, 366

Probable rectangle, 367

Projectiles, how filled, 181 , kinds used in firing, 385 , penetration of, 468

Prolonge, length of, and where carried, 136 , weight of, 138

Price-list, accoutrements, 442 , horse equipments, 443 , light artillery harness, 440 , light battery, 435 , knife, 442 , lanterns, 445 , marking-outfit, 445 , officer's belt, 443 sabre, 442 spurs, 444 , revolver, 160 , packing-outfit, 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 441 , sabre, enlisted men's, 442 , stencil outfit, 444

Punctures from shoeing, 223

Punishments, 458

Purging, 223

Quadrant, gunners', 116

Quittor, 224

Rack-a-rock, 423

Rafts, 417

Ration, the, 433 , travel, 434

Ramps for loading animals, 305

Range-finding, 375

Range, method of finding, 381

Range tables: Hotchkiss revolving cannon, 326 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 10 3.0 " " " , 33 3.2-inch field-gun, shell, 106 " " " " shrapnel, 104 3.6 " " " shell, 112 " " " " shrapnel, 110 3.6-inch " mortar, shell, 118 " " " " shrapnel, 119

Record books, battery, 431

Reduced length, 363

Remaining velocity, 365

Reports, rolls, and returns, battery, 432

Reverse fire, 366

Revolver, cal. .45 Colt's, description, 158 , nomenclature, 158 , how assembled, 159 , weights, etc., of parts, 159 , rapidity of fire, 159 , penetration, 160 , pricelist, 160

Rheumatism, 224

Ringworm, 224

Rope, kinds of, 392 , preservation of, 393

Russian gun-pit, 475 mountain-artillery, 70 light artillery, 121

Sabre, officer's, price of, 442 , enlisted men's, price of, 442

Saddle, nomenclature, 151 , how placed on horse, 170

Saddle-blanket, how folded, etc., 169

Salutes, 491

Saddler's chest, contents of, 146

Salt for animals, 433 , pounds in bushel, 481 in barrel, 481

Sand-crack, 225

Scurvy, 225

Sectional density, 363

Shell, definition of, 368 , when and how used, 385 , penetration of, 368 , how filled, 31 , how painted, 178 , 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 7 , 3.0 " " " , 28 , 3.2-inch field-gun, 96 , 3.6 " " " , 108 , 3.6-inch field-mortar, 117 , F. A. base-percussion fuze for field, 102, 108, 117

Shrapnel, definition of, 369 , how filled, 32 , how painted, 178 , fire of, 370 , when and how used, 369, 386 , rule for point of burst, 371 , 3-inch mountain, 28 , 3.2-inch Frankford Arsenal field, 97 , 3.6 " " " " , 108 , 3.2-inch American Projectile Co. field, 98 , 3.6 " " " " " , 108 , 3.6-inch mortar, 117 , Frankford Arsenal combination fuze for, 99, 108, 117

Shoeing, directions for, 232 mule, 51

Shovels, where carried on caisson, 141

Sick men, treatment of, 477-481

Signal code, 465

Sighting, 376

Sights, 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 5 , 3.0 " " " , 23 , 3.2-inch field-gun, 90, 92 , 3.6 " " " , 108

Similar guns, 363

Similarly loaded, 363

Sling bridges, 409 for horse, 310

Sores, 225

Sore mouth, 54 feet, 481

Spain, mountain-artillery of, 70

Switzerland, mountain-artillery of, 70

Spare parts for 3.0-inch mountain-gun, 29

Sprains, 226

Special-duty men in light battery, 434

Spherical density, 363

Spurs, officer's, cost of, 444

Square measure, 483

Stalls, size of, 233

Stable duty, grooming, etc., 236 management, rules for, 234

Stables and stable duties, 233 , hut, 234

Stationery, allowance of, 454

Stencil outfit, cost of, 444

Stop, field-gun, 76

Storage, high explosives, 426

Stoves, allowance of, 453 , Sibley, 293

Strangles, 53, 227

Straw, how to determine quantity, 483

Stringer bridge, 411

Summary court, 456, 465

Sunstroke, 227, 480

Supplies and tools, 1.65-inch mountain-battery, 19 , 3.0 " " " , 30

Supply table of ordnance stores for light battery, 445 of veterinary medicines, 448

Surcingles, sizes of, 154

Sweeny, 228

Swelled legs, 228

Tableware, allowance for light battery, 451

Target practice, how conducted, 379 , allowance of ammunition for, 447

Table of weight of clothing and equipage, 454 of pounds in bushel, 481 in barrel, 481

Tents, allowance of, 452 , weights, dimensions, and allowance, 288 , how pitched, 289 , how struck, 292 , heating of, 293

Thrush, 55, 228

Timber, strength of, 403

Timothy-seed, pounds in bushel, 481

Tools and supplies, 1.65-inch mountain-battery, 19 , 3.0 " " " , 30

Tool-box, field-limber, contents of, 137

Training of horses, 242-258

Transportation, allowance of, 297 of artillery by sea and land, 301 by rail, 303 -horses by sea, 307 of high explosives, 425

Trajectory, 363

Travel-ration, 434

Trestle bridges, 404

Unharnessing, 167, 282

Urine, retention of, 229 , non-retention of, 229

Varnish, linseed-oil, how made, 162 for harness, 161

Velocity of emission, 363

Velocity, muzzle, of 1.65-inch mountain-gun, 1 , of 3.0 " " " , 23 , of 3.2-inch field-gun, 90 , of 3.6 " " , 108 , of 3.6-inch field-mortar, 113

Vents for field-guns, 73

Vent-covers for field-guns, 80

Veterinary medicines, 201-207 , doses, and how administered, 203, 204 treatment, 53 , abscess, 207 , bladder irritation, 207 inflammation, 207 , bowels, inflammation, 208 , bronchitis, 208 , burns, 209 , colds, 53 , colic, 59, 209 , constipation, 210 , corns, 210 , cracked heels, 211 , cramps, 56 , curb, 211 , distemper, 211 , farcy, 211 , fistula, 54, 211 , foot inflammation, 212 , founder, 212 , galls, 55, 214 , glanders, 56, 214 , grease, 56, 215 , hide-bound, 216 , hoof-bound, 216 , hock lameness, 216 , influenza, 216 , lameness, 218 , lampas, 218 , laryngitis, 218 , mange, 56, 219 , navicular disease, 219 , ophthalmia, 220 , paralysis, 220 , pharyngitis, 220 , pleurisy, 221 , pneumonia, 222 , poll evil, 54 , purging, 223 , punctures from shoeing, 223 , quittor, 224 , ringworm, 224 , rheumatism, 224 , sand-crack, 225 , scurvy, 225 , sores, 225 , sore mouth, 54 , sprains, 226 , strangles, 53, 227 , sunstroke, 227 , sweeny, 228 , swelled legs, 228 , thrush, 55, 228 , urine, retention of, 229 , non-retention of, 229 , warbles, 230 , warts, 230 , worms, 230 , wounds, 230

Vinegar for animals, 433

Warbles, 230

Wagon, army, inside measurement, 482

Wagons, allowance of, 297, 299, 300 , how packed, 298

Warts, 230

Water-filters, 295 , allowance in camp, 296 at sea, 313 -cart, 150

Watering on march, 272 of animals, 50, 241

Wheat, pounds in bushel, 481

Wheel, Archibald, description of, 124

Wheel, Archibald, how repaired, 125

Wheel-grease can, where carried, 136

Weight, barrels, 417 , forage, 239 , nosebagful of oats, 482 , clothing and equipage, 454 , cubic foot of water, 484 drawn by artillery teams, 194 carried by mules, 1.65-inch mountain-battery, 19 , 3.0 " " " , 38 , Gardner gun, 346 , Hotchkiss revolving cannon, 316 , carriage, 323 , limber, 324 , Maxim gun, 353 per horse, 3.2-inch field-battery, 138 , 3.6 " " " , 138 , field-caisson, 143 of load, 3.2-inch field-gun, carriage, and equipment, 138 , Archibald wheel, 124 , 3.2-inch field-gun, 89 , 3.6 " " " , 108 , 3.6 " field-mortar, 113 , machine-guns, 323, 338, 339, 346, 353 , field-gun limber, 133 , tool-box, 137 , field-caisson, 139 , forge and battery-wagon implements, etc., 148 , artillery-wagon, 149 , artillery-harness, 157 , equipments in field-battery, 138 , forge-chest, 147 , saddler's chest, 146 , carpenter's chest, 146 , prolonge, 138 , steel collar, 154

Worms, 230

Wounds, 230

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Not including reserve.

[2] Includes reserve ammunition carried with battery, but not that in field-parks, arsenals, or ammunition-columns.

[3] In the model of 1885 it enters from the rear.

[4] The point at which the projectile has a remaining velocity of 500 ft.-sec., the minimum at which shrapnel is effective.

[5] These numbers correspond to a time of flight which is generally less than the tabulated time of flight by an amount required to cause the shrapnel to burst at a point within a distance of 75 yards short of the target.

[6] A corrugated sheet-metal prop will hereafter be attached to the neck-yoke stop. It will fold up under the pole, partly enveloping it, and be secured by a hook on the prop.

[7] Reduced when necessary by removing an ammunition-chest.

[8] On sights hereafter made this will be 1/1000 of the range.

[9] On the sights hereafter made the deflection divisions will correspond to 1/1000 of the range.

[10] Or 8 if upper braces are used.

[11] Berthelet says: "Thin disks of compressed guncotton may be pierced by a ball without explosion; but if thickness of disk be increased or resisting envelope used an explosion occurs."

[12] Also 2 copies to the designated paymaster.

[13] When Meat cannot be furnished.

[14] Each caisson is provided with spare-wheel axle, but only two spare wheels are supplied to a four-gun battery.

[15] When the necessity for their issue is certified to by the department commander.

[16] Accounted for on return.

[17] ½ increase if mean temperature for 20 days < 20° F.; and if temperature is not above 10° F. an increase of ½ is allowed for any latitude.

[18] Under act May 15, 1872.

[19] Act approved February 27, 1893, to take effect on and after 1st day of July 1893.

[20] Upon trial for desertion and conviction of absence without leave only the court may, in addition to the limit prescribed for such absence, award a stoppage of the amount paid for apprehension.

[21] Including first and excluding last.

[22] In specifications to charges of larceny or embezzlement the value of the property shall be stated.

[23] Each station should have its characteristic signal or call letter, as Washington, "W," and each operator his personal signal, as Jones, "Jo."

BOOKS FOR

ARMY AND NAVY OFFICERS

PUBLISHED BY

JOHN WILEY & SONS.

=ORDNANCE AND GUNNERY.= For the use of the Cadets of the U. S. Military Academy. By Captain Henry Metcalf, Ordnance Department, U. S. Army Instructor of Ordnance and Gunnery, U.S.M.A. 12mo, 500 pp., cloth, with separate atlas containing 350 cuts, $5.00

=MODERN FRENCH ARTILLERY.= The St. Chamond, De Bange, Canet and Hotchkiss systems, with illustrations of French War Ships. By James Dredge. 4to, half morocco, $20.00 _net_

=HANDBOOK OF PROBLEMS IN DIRECT FIRE.= By James M. Ingalls, Captain First Artillery, U. S. A. 8vo, cloth, $4.00

=BALLISTIC TABLES.= Reprinted from the Handbook for West Point Cadets. By Capt. Jas. M. Ingalls. 8vo, cloth, $1.50

=SUBMARINE MINES AND TORPEDOES.= As applied to Harbour Defense. By John Townsend Bucknill, Honorary Lieutenant-Colonel (late Major Royal Engineers) Reserve of Officers. With illustrations. 8vo, cloth, $4.00

=PRACTICAL SEAMANSHIP.= By John Todd, Master Mariner, and W. B. Whall, Extra Master Younger Brother Trinity House. Royal 8vo, full cloth, with 243 Illustrations and Diagrams, $7.50

=NOTES ON MILITARY HYGIENE.= For Officers of the Line. A Syllabus of Lectures at the U. S. Infantry and Cavalry School. By Alfred A. Woodhull, Major of Medical Dep't., Bvt. Lt. Col. U. S. Army. 12mo, morocco, $2.50

=SIMPLE ELEMENTS OF NAVIGATION.= By Lucien Young, U. S. Navy. Pocket-book form. New edition, revised and enlarged, $2.50

=THE SOLDIERS' FIRST AID HANDBOOK.= Comprising a Series of Lectures to Members of the Hospital Corps and Company Bearers. By William D. Dietz, Late Captain and Assistant Surgeon U. S. Army. 18mo, morocco, $1.25

=PERMANENT FORTIFICATIONS.= By Prof. D. H. Mahan, Revised and brought up to date by Col. James Mercur, U. S. Military Academy, West Point. Numerous plates, 1887. 8vo, half morocco, $7.50

=ELEMENTS OF THE ART OF WAR.= By James Mercur, Professor of Civil and Military Engineering, United States Military Academy. Illustrated with full-page and folding plates. Third edition. 8vo, cloth, $4.00

=PRACTICAL MARINE SURVEYING.= By Harry Phelps, U. S. Navy. 8vo, cloth, $2.50

=AN ABRIDGEMENT OF MILITARY LAW.= By Col. W. Winthrop, Deputy Judge Advocate-General, U. S. Army, late Professor of Law, U. S. Military Academy. Second and revised edition. 12mo, red cloth, $2.50

=A MANUAL FOR COURTS-MARTIAL.= Prepared by Lt. Arthur Murray, 1st Artillery, late Acting Judge Advocate-General, U. S. A. Third edition. 18mo, morocco, flap, $1.50

=CAVALRY OUT-POST DUTIES.= By F. De Brack, translated from the French (third edition, 1863) by Major Camillo C. C. Carr, 8th Cavalry, U. S. A. 18mo, morocco, flap, $2.00

=GUNNERY FOR NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.= Compiled by Lt. Adelbert Cronkhite, 4th Artillery, with Ballistic Tables, by Capt. James Chester, 3d Artillery, 18mo, morocco, flap, $2.00

=ART OF SUBSISTING ARMIES IN WAR.= By Capt. H. G. Sharpe, U. S. A. Morocco, $1.50

=THE ARMY OFFICER'S EXAMINER.= By Lt. Col. W. H. Powell, U. S. A. 12mo, cloth, $4.00

=ELEMENTARY NAVAL TACTICS.= By Commander Wm. Bainbridge-Hoff, U. S. N. 8vo, cloth, $1.50

=ATTACK OF FORTIFIED PLACES.= Including Siege-Works, Mining and Demolitions. By James Mercur, U. S. M. A., Professor of Civil and Military Engineering. 12mo, cloth, $2.00

=TEXT-BOOK OF ORDNANCE AND GUNNERY.= For the use of the Cadets of U. S. M. A. By Capt. Lawrence L. Bruff, U. S. A. 8vo, cloth, $6.00

=HANDBOOK FOR LIGHT ARTILLERY.= By A. B. Dyer, First Lieut. Fourth U. S. Artillery. 12mo, cloth, $3.00

Transcriber's Note:

1. The minutes of the angle for the RANGE TABLE FOR 3.6-INCH B. L. MORTAR. 16 ounces; Range 2900 is unclear. (Page 118).

2. Punctuation has been standardized.

3. Spelling has been corrected where necessary.

4. Under