CHAPTER I

.--St. Callistus and the Early Struggle 1

II.--St. Damasus and the Triumph 19

III.--Leo the Great, the Last Pope of Imperial Rome 38

IV.--Gregory the Great, the First Mediæval Pope 55

V.--Hadrian I. and the Temporal Power 78

VI.--Nicholas I. and the False Decretals 101

VII.--John X. and the Iron Century 124

VIII.--Hildebrand 141

IX.--Innocent III.: The Papal Zenith 171

X.--John XXII.: The Court at Avignon 202

XI.--John XXIII. and the Great Schism 221

XII.--Alexander VI.: The Borgia-Pope 240

XIII.--Julius II.: The Fighting Pope 267

XIV.--Leo X. and the Dance of Death 285

XV.--Paul III. and the Counter-Reformation 310

XVI.--Sixtus V. and the New Church 330

XVII.--Benedict XIV.: The Scholar-Pope 351

XVIII.--Pius VII. and the Revolution 368

XIX.--Pius IX. 391

XX.--Leo XIII. 414

List of the Popes 443

Index 451

Crises in the History of the Papacy

Crises in the History of The Papacy

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