I.

THE PROVINCES OF FRANCE

Up to 1789, there were thirty-three great governments making up modern France, the twelve governments created by Francis I. being the chief, and seven _petits gouvernements_ as well.

[Illustration: <u>_The Provinces of France_</u>]

In the following table the _grands gouvernements_ of the first foundation are indicated in heavy-faced type, those which were taken from the first in italics, and those which were acquired by conquest in ordinary characters.

NAMES OF GOVERNMENTS CAPITALS 1. Ile-de-France Paris. 2. Picardie Amiens. 3. Normandie Rouen. 4. Bretagne Rennes. 5. Champagne et Brie Troyes. 6. Orléanais Orléans. 7. _Maine et Perche_ Le Mans. 8. _Anjou_ Augers. 9. _Touraine_ Tours. 10. _Nivernais_ Nevers. 11. _Berri_ Bourges. 12. _Poitou_ Poitiers. 13. _Aunis_ La Rochelle. 14. Bourgogne (duché de) Dijon. 15. Lyonnais, Forez et Beaujolais Lyon. 16. _Auvergne_ Clermont. 17. _Bourbonnais_ Moulins. 18. _Marche_ Guéret. 19. Guyenne et Gascogne Bordeaux. 20. _Saintonge et Angoumois_[A] Saintes. 21. _Limousin_ Limoges. 22. _Béarn et Basse Navarre_ Pau. 23. Languedoc Toulouse. 24. _Comté de Foix_ Foix. 25. Provence Aix. 26. Dauphiné Grenoble. 27. _Flandre et Hainaut_ Lille. 28. Artois Arras. 29. Lorraine et Barrois Nancy. 30. Alsace Strasbourg. 31. Franche-Comté ou Comté de Bourgogne Besançon. 32. Roussilon Perpignan. 33. Corse Bastia.

[A] Under Francis I. the Angoumois was comprised in the Orléanais.

The seven _petits gouvernements_ were:

1. The ville, prévôté and vicomté of Paris. 2. Havre de Grâce. 3. Boulonnais. 4. Principality of Sedan. 5. Metz and Verdun, the pays Messin and Verdunois. 6. Toul and Toulois. 7. Saumur and Saumurois.

THE ANCIENT PROVINCES OF FRANCE

[Illustration: map of France divided into provinces]