Part 17

In conclusion, mention must be made of the nightjars or goatsuckers, as they are sometimes called after the fashion of the Romans, who believed that these birds used to sally forth at night and milk goats. This belief was based on two facts. First, the udders of goats were often found to be empty in the morning; secondly, the broad gape possessed by the nightjar. However, the character of these birds has now been cleared. We know that their bills are wide in order to seize large insects on the wing, and that if goats yield no milk in the morning it is not the nightjar who is to blame. Nightjars are brownish grey birds, mottled and barred all over like cuckoos, for which they are often mistaken. Two are common in India. The first of these is _Caprimulgus asiaticus_, the common Indian nightjar, whose call is heard only after nightfall, and resembles the sound made by a stone skimming over ice. The other nightjar is that of Horsfield (_Caprimulgus macrurus_). Its note has been compared to the noise made by striking a plank with a hammer. The distribution of nightjars is capricious. They are fairly common in the western districts of the United Provinces.

Horsfield’s nightjar is abundant in the _sal_ forests of the Pilibhit district.

INDEX

A _Accipiter nisus_, 70, 164 _Acridotheres ginginianus_, 53, 113, 225-30 — _tristis_, 113, 225-30, 241 Adam, Mr. R. M., 222 Adams, 77 Adjutant, 86 _Aegithina tiphia_, 213 Aesalon chicquera, 117-20 — _regulus_, 116, 117, 164 Aitken, Mr. James, 154, 155 _Alaudarius, Tinnunculus_, 164 _Alba, Herodias_, 38 —, _Motacilla_, 162 _Albifrontata, Rhipidura_, 4, 214 Albinos, 42 _Anas boscas_, 64 — _poecilorhyncha_, 40, 64 _Anastomus oscitans_, 45 _Anthus rufulus_, 6 _Antigone, Grus_, 38, 197-203 _Aquila bifasciata_, 164 — _vindhiana_, 163 _Arachnechthra asiatica_, 3, 99, 218-224 — _lotenia_, 218 — _zeylonica_, 218 _Ardea cinerea_, 38 _Ardeola grayii_, 85, 106-15 _Argya caudata_, 65 — _malcomi_, 51 _Asiatica, Arachnechthra_, 3, 99, 218-24 _Asiaticus, Caprimulgus_, 253 _Astur badius_, 70, 164 _Ater, Dicrurus_, 8, 41, 227, 236 _Athene brama_, 246 _Aurantius, Brachypternus_, 8 _Auriceps, Dendrocopus_, 33 Avocet, 44 _Avocetta, Recurvirostra_, 44

B Babbler, grey, 51 — jungle, 51 — white-headed, 212 _Badius, Astur_, 70 _Bajra_, 178 Baker, Stuart, 50, 91 Bamboo sparrow, 77 Banjo-bill, 44 Bank myna, 53, 113, 182, 225-30, 235 Banta, Mr., 242, 243 Barbet, green, 8, 19 Barn owl, 248 — swallow, 151 Barred-headed goose, 160 _Batassiensis, Tachornis_, 215 Batesian mimicry, 239 _Baya, Ploceus_, 180 Bay-backed shrike, 213 Bee-eater, 6, 19, 98, 213, 215, 244 — blue-tailed, 98, 156 — little green, 98, 156 _Belenois mesentina_, 241 _Bengalensis, Bubo_, 248 —, _Pseudogyps_, 6, 60 Bingham, Col. C. T., 240 Biology, peculiar position of, 238 Birds and Butterflies, 238-45 “Birds of Calcutta,” 224 “Birds of the Plains,” 222 _Birostris, Lophoceros_, 86-90 Black-bellied tern, 40, 216 Blackbird, 211 —, Brewer, 242 Black bulbul, 49 Blackcap, 211 Black-headed bunting, 179 Black-winged kite, 165 Blanford, Dr., 66, 223 “Blue jay,” 119, 182, 216 Blyth, 77, 123 “Bombay Ducks,” 55 Bonner, 57 Bourdillon, Mr. T. F., 17 _Brachypternus aurantius_, 8 _Brachyura, Pitta_, 19 Brahmany duck, 161 — kite, 212 — myna, 212, 217 Brain-fever bird, 51, 80, 249 _Brarna, Athene_, 246 _Brassicae, Pieris_, 241 Brewer blackbird, 242 Brown fish owl, 175 Brown-fronted pied woodpecker, 33 Brown tree snake, 144 Bryden, Mr. A. H., 236 _Bubo bengalensis_, 248 _Bubulcus coromandus_, 45 _Buchanani, Emberiza_, 179 Bulbul, 146, 147 — (nightingale), 146 — basta, 147 — black, 49 — bostha, 147 — kola, 49 —, red-vented, 163, 212 —, red-whiskered, 4, 130-44 Bulbuls’ nests, 130-44 Bulbul, white-browed, 212 — white-eared, 163 Bunting, 178-81 — black-headed, 179, 180 Bunting, grey-necked, 178, 180 — red-headed, 179, 180 Bush chat, 182 Bush-lark, 212 Butcher-bird, 182, 213 _Butreron_, 130 Butterflies, Birds and, 238-45 Buzzard, long-legged, 163

C _Caerulus, Elanus_, 165 _Californica, Eugonia_, 242 _Calvus, Otogyps_, 60, 235 _Cambaiensis, Thamnobia_, 8, 162 _Candidus, Himantopus_, 45 _Canorus, Crateropus_, 51, 252 —, _Cuculus_, 50, 53, 116 _Caprimulgus asiaticus_, 253 — _macrurus_, 253 _Carpodacus erythrinus_, 75 Cattle egret, 45, 212 _Caudata, Argya_, 65 _Centropus rufipennis_, 6 — _sinensis_, 82, 248 _Ceryle rudis_, 168 _Ceylonensis, Culicicapa_, 5 — _Ketupa_, 175 Chaffinch, 211 Chapman, Mr. Abel, 96 Chat, Bush, 182 _Chicquera, Aesalon_, 117 Chloropsis, 19 _Cinerea, Ardea_, 38 _Coccystes jacobinus_, 48 _Collaris, Corvus_, 231 “Colour Meanings of some British Birds and Quadrupeds,” 188 _Columbidæ_, 130, 172, 173 Comb-duck, 40 “Common Birds of Bombay, The,” 70 _Communis, Coturnix_, 159 Coppersmith, 212 _Copscychus saularis_, 7 _Coracias indica_, 119, 182 Corby, 192, 236 _Coromandelianus, Nettopus_, 39 _Coromandus, Bubulcus_, 45 Correlation of Characters, 47 _Corvus collaris_, 231 — _frugilegus_, 166 — _macrorhynchus_, 192, 236 — _monedula_, 166, 231-3 — _splendens_, 165, 225, 231 Cotton teal, 39 _Coturnix communis_, 159 Coucal, 82, 248 “Country Life,” 28, 234 “Country-side Monthly,” 66 Crane, sarus, 38, 197-203 _Crateropus canorus_, 51, 252 Crested lark, 180 Cripps, Mr. J. R., 17 _Cristata, Galerita_, 180 _Crocopus_, 130 — _chlorogaster_, 127 — _phoenicopterus_, 127 Crow, 85, 100, 165, 192, 212, 225, 231, 236, 250 — jungle, 212 Crow-pheasant, 6, 82, 212 Cuckoo, common, 116, 211 — Indian, 251 — pied crested, 48-54 Cuckoo’s mate, 121 Cuckooabad, 251 _Cuculus canorus_, 30, 53, 116 — _micropterus H._, 251 _Culicicapa ceylonensis_, 5 Cunningham, 172 — Col., 249, 250 Currie, Mr., 176, 177 _Cyanocephalus, Euphagus_, 240 — _Palaeornis_, 7 _Cyornis tickelli_ T., 5

D Darter, Indian, 14-18 Darwin, 20, 173 _Daulias golzii_, 146, 148 — _luscinia_, 146 — _philomela_, 146 _Demoleus Papilio_, 241 _Dendrocitta rufa_, 236 _Dendrocopus auriceps_, 33 _Dhayal_, 9-13 _Dicrurus ater_, 8, 227, 236 Dimorphism, sexual, 172 Display, nuptial, 187 _Domesticus, Passer_, 82, 241 Dove, 192, 211 —, little brown, 212 —, red turtle, 104, 172-7 —, ring, 174 —, spotted, 120, 212 —, turtle, 174 Drongo, 236 _Dubius, Leptoptilus_, 86 Duck, brahmany, 161 —, comb, 40 —, pintail, 161 —, shoveller, 161 —, spotbilled, 40, 64 —, wild, 64

E Eagle, golden, 234 —, Pallas’s fishing, 40 —, steppe, 163, 164 —, tawny, 163, 164 Egret, 38 —, cattle, 45, 212 “Eha,” 70, 213, 216 _Elanus caerulus_, 165 _Emberiza buchanani_, 179 — _luteola_, 180 — _melaocephala_, 180 _Emeria, Otocompsa_, 4, 131-44 _Erythrinus carpodacus_, 75 _Eudynamis honorata_, 51, 100, 250 _Eugonia californica_, 242 _Euphagus cyanocephalus_, 242 Eyesight of birds, 80

F _Falco jugger_, 164 —, _peregrinus_, 164 Falcon, 69 —, laggar, 164 —, peregrine, 163, 164, 165 Fan-tailed flycatcher, 4, 213, 214, 236 “Field,” 193 Fighting in nature, 234-237 Finch, gold, 74 — of roseate hue, 74-79 — rose, 74-79 Finn, 42, 45, 46, 224 Firetail, 161, 162, 217 Fishing eagle, 40 Fish-owl, brown, 175 _Flammea, Strix_, 248 _Flammeus, Pericrocotus_, 21 Flamingo, 19, 91-97 _Flavicollis, Gymnorhis_, 105, 216 Flycatcher, 211 —, fantailed, 4, 213, 214, 236 —, grey-headed, 5 —, paradise, 45, 46, 100, 157, 215 —, red-breasted, 5 —, Tickell’s blue, 5 “Food of Birds in India,” 228 “Forest Creatures,” 57 “Fortnightly Review,” 188, 189 Frog, caught by kingfisher, 169 _Frugilegus, Corvus_, 166 Fry, Mr. J. T., 66 _Fulicata, Thamnobia_, 214

G Gadwall, 161 _Galerita cristata_, 180 Garner, Dr., 25 Garrod, Mr. A., 14 George Gissing, 56 _Gingalensis, Lophoceros_, 88 _Ginginianus, Acridotheres_, 53 —, _Neophron_, 55 Gissing, George, 56 _Giu, Scops_, 247 _Glareola lactea_, 204-210 _Glaucidium radiatum_, 247 Goatsuckers, 252, 253 Goldfinch, 74, 211 Golden-backed woodpecker, 212 Golden eagle, 234 _Golzii, Daulias_, 146, 148 Goose, barred-headed, 160 —, grey-lag, 160 _Grayii, Ardeola_, 85, 106-15 Green finch, 211 — parrot, 181, 215 — pigeon, 19, 126-30 Grey-headed myna, 217 — wagtail, 217 Grey hornbill, 86-90 — lag goose, 160 Grey-necked bunting, 179 Grey wagtail, 28, 162, 167 _Griseus, Nycticorax_, 109, 252 _Grus antigone_, 38, 197-203 — _sharpii_, 197 _Gulabi maina_, 158 _Gymnorhis flavicollis_, 105, 216

H Hafiz, 147 _Haliaetus leucoryphus_, 40 Harrial, 128 Harrier, 183 Hartert, Dr., 148 Hawks, light-eyed, 69 —, dark-eyed, 69 —, long-winged, 69 —, short-winged, 69 Hawk-cuckoo, 249 Hedge-sparrow, 53, 211 _Herodias alba_, 38 Heron, 38 —, night, 109, 157, 252 —, pond, 106 _Hierococcyx varius_, 51, 80, 100, 249 _Himantopus candidus_, 44 _Hipsas trigonata_, 144 _Hirundo filifera_, 153 — _rustica_, 150, 151, 152 — _smithii_, 152 Honeysucker, 99, 218 _Honorata, Eudynamis_, 51, 100, 250 Hoopoe, 83, 90, 117, 185-96, 212 Hornbill, 86 —, grey, 86-90 Horne, Mr., 90 Horsfield’s nightjar, 253 House-martin, 154 Hume, 72, 90, 118, 148, 176, 198, 200, 207, 209 Humming-birds, 218 _Hypsipetes_, 49

I _Ibis melanocephala_, 44 Ibis, white, 44 _Ilerdi sena_, 241 “Indian Birds,” 219 _Indica, Coracias_, 119, 182 —, _Upupa_, 83, 185-96 _Indicus, Sarcogrammus_, 128, 252 Injury-feigning instinct, 22, 207 Instinct, injury-feigning, 22, 207 _Intermedius, Molpastes_, 163 Iora, 212, 213 _Ismene, Melanitis_, 241 _Isocrates, Virachola_, 241 _Iynx torquilla_, 121

J Jackdaw, 166, 231-3 Jack snipe, 161 _Jacobinus, Coccystes_, 48 _Javanica, Dendrocynca_, 40 Jay, blue, 119 Jefferies, Richard, 211, 212, 216 Jerdon, 16, 77, 91, 105, 119, 181, 205, 223, 232, 233 Jesse, Mr. William, 23, 24, 230, 235 Jhil out of season, 37-41 Jungle owlet, 247

K Kestrel, 163, 164, 165 _Ketupa ceylonensis_, 175 Kipling, 232 Kipling, Lockwood, 215 King-crow, 8, 41, 104, 182, 185, 212, 227, 241 Kingfisher, 19, 167-71 —, common, 212 —, pied, 168 —, white-breasted, 212 King vulture, 60 Kite, black-winged, 165 —, brahmany, 212 —, common, 212 Koel, 50, 51, 100, 157, 212, 250 Kola bulbul, 49

L _Lactea, Glareola_, 204-10 Laggar falcon, 164 Language of birds and beasts, 25 _Lanius vittatus_, 213 Lankester, Sir E. Ray, 129 Lapwing, red-wattled, 128, 252 Largest bird in India, the, 197-203 Lark, 211 Laughing-thrush, Himalayan, 53 Lawn, birds on the, 80-5 _Leptoptilus dubius_, 86 _Leucorodia, Platalea_, 44 _Leucoryphus, Haliaetus_, 40 _Leucotis, Molpastes_, 147 Linnet, 211 _Liopicus mahrattensis_, 31-6 Long, Mr. Walter, 194 _Lophoceros birostris_, 86-90 — _gingalensis_, 88 Loten’s sunbird, 212, 218-24 _Luscinia, Daulias_, 146 _Luteola, Emberiza_, 180

M Macpherson, Mr. J., 66 _Macrorhynchus, Corvus_, 192, 236 _Macrurus, Caprimulgus_, 253 Madras garden, the birds of a, 211-7 _Maderaspatensis, Motacilla_, 162, 214 Magpie-robin, 7, 9-13, 216 _Mahrattensis, Liopicus_, 31-6 _Maina, golabi_, 158 “Making of Species, The,” 42, 240 _Malcomi, Argya_, 51 Mallard, 64 Marshall, Col., 66 —, Mr. G. A. K., 242 Martin, house, 154 —, sand, 211 Mason, Mr. C. W., 228, 240, 241 Mate, cuckoo’s, 121 _Maura, Pratincola_, 182 _Melanicterus, Melophus_, 180 _Melanitis ismene_, 241 _Melanocephala, Emberiza_, 180 _Melanocephala, Ibis_, 44 _Melanocephalus, Oriolus_, 4 _Melanogaster, Plotus_, 14-18 —, _Sterna_, 40, 206 _Melanotus, Sarcidornis_, 40 _Melophus melanicterus_, 180 Merlin, 116-20, 163, 164 —, red-headed, 117-20, 164 _Merops philippinus_, 98 — _viridis_, 6, 98, 215, 241 _Mesentina, Belenois_, 241 Michelet, 59 _Micropterus, Cuculus_, 251 Millet fields, Birds in the, 178-84 Mimicry, 52, 243 —, Batesian, 239 —, Mullerian, 239 —, protective, 10, 239 Minivet, 19-24 Missel-thrush, 211 _Moda nulingadu_, 125 _Molpastes_, 147 — _intermedius_, 163 — _leucotis_, 147, 163 _Monedula, Corvus_, 166, 231 Morgan, Mr. R. W., 222 _Motacilla alba_, 162 — _maderaspatensis_, 162, 214 — _melanope_, 162 Mullerian mimicry, 239 Munia, white-throated, 216 Mutation, 46, 64, 174, 225 Myna, bank, 53, 113, 182, 225-30 —, brahmany, 212, 217 —, common, 67, 84, 113, 182, 183, 212, 225-30 —, grey-headed, 217 —, pied, 85, 182

N Natural Selection, 53, 173, 174, 236, 240, 243 “Nature,” 242 _Neophron ginginianus_, 60 “Nests and Eggs of Indian Birds,” 90 _Nettopus coromandelianus_, 39 Newton, Sir Isaac, 139 Nightingales in India, 145-9 Nightingale, Persian, 146, 147 Nightjar, 252, 253 —, common Indian, 253 —, Horsfield’s, 253 _Nisus Accipiter_, 70 _Nulingadu, Moda_, 125 Nuptial display, 187 _Nycticorax griseus_, 109, 252

O Oates, 148, 231 _Oenopopelia tranquebarica_, 104, 173 Open-bill, 45 Orange minivet, 21 Oriole, 4, 103, 157, 217 _Oriolus kundoo_, 103 — _melanocephalus_, 4 _Orthotomus sutorius_, 7 _Oscitans, Anastomus_, 45 _Osmosteros_, 130 _Otocompsa_, 147 —, _emeria_, 4, 131-44 _Otogyps calvus_, 60, 235 Owl, barn, 248 —, brown fish, 175 —, rock-horned, 248 —, scops, 247 Owlet, jungle, 247 —, spotted, 212, 246 Oyler, Mr. Philip, 188, 189

P Paddy bird, 85, 106-15, 212 _Palaeornis cyanocephalus_, 7 — _torquatus_, 181, 215 Pallas’s fishing eagle, 40 Palm swift, 213, 215 _Pammon, Papilio_, 241 _Papilio demoleus_, 241 — _pammon_, 241 Paradise flycatcher, 45, 46, 102, 157 _Paradisi, Terpsiphone_, 45, 102, 215 Parakeet, 7, 19, 181, 213 Parrot, green, 181, 215 _Parva, Siphia_, 5 _Passer domesticus_, 82, 178, 241 _Pastor roseus_, 158, 189 Peafowl, 19 Peregrine falcon, 164, 165 _Pericrocotus flammeus_, 21 — _peregrinus_, 21 Persian nightingale, 146, 147 _Phasianidæ_, 172 Pheasant, 19 _Philippinus, Merops_, 98 _Philomela, Daulias_, 146 Phil Robinson, 55 _Phoenicopterus minor_, 92 —, _roseus_, 91-7 —, _Crocopus_, 127 _Phylloscopus tristis_, 7 Pied crested cuckoo, 48-54 — kingfisher, 168 — myna, 85, 182 — wagtail, 162, 3, 213, 214 Pigeon, green, 19, 126-30 —, Bengal, 127 Pigeon, southern, 127 Pintail duck, 161 Piping crow, 232 Pipit, 6 Pitta, 19, 216 _Pitta brachyura_, 19 _Platalea leucorodia_, 44 _Ploceus baya_, 180 _Plotus melanogaster_, 14-8 Pochard, 161 _Poecilorhyncha, Anas_, 40, 64 Polar regions, birds of, 42 Pond heron, 106 _Pondicerianus, Tephridornis_, 214 Porphyrio, 19 Poulton, Professor, 129, 240, 242, 243 _Pratincola maura_, 182 Pratincole, 204-10 Protective mimicry, 10, 239, 243 _Pseudogyps bengalensis_, 6, 60, 235 Purple-rumped sunbird, 212, 218-24 Purple sunbird, 218-24

Q Quail, common, 159

R _Radiatum, Glaucidium_, 247 _Raj Hans_, 97 Rat bird, 65 Raven, 165, 231, 232, 234 Ray Lankester, Sir E., 129 _Recurvirostra avocetta_, 44 Redstart, 211 —, Indian, 4, 161, 162, 217 Red turtle-dove, 104, 172-7 Red-vented bulbul, 156, 163, 212 Red-wattled lapwing, 128, 252 _Regulus Aesalon_, 116, 117, 164 _Rhipidura albifrontata_, 4, 214 Ring dove, 174 Robin, black-backed, 63 —, brown-backed, 8, 63 —, Indian, 61-68, 162, 212, 214 Robinson, Phil, 55, 162, 174 Rock-horned owl, 248 Roller, 19, 119, 182, 185, 216 Rook, 25, 166, 211, 231, 232 Rose-finch, 74-9 Roseate hue, finch of, 74-79 _Roseus, Pastor_, 158, 181 Rosy starling, 158, 181 _Rudis ceryle_, 168 _Rufa, Dendrocitta_, 236 _Rufipennis, Centropus_, 6 _Rufiventris, Ruticilla_, 4, 161 _Rufulus, Anthus_, 6 _Ruticilla rufiventris_, 4, 161

S Sand martin, 211 Saras crane, 38, 197-203 _Sarcidiornis melanotus_, 40 _Sarcogrammus indicus_, 128, 252 “Saturday Review,” 94 _Saularis, Copsychus_, 7, 9-13 “School of the Woods,” 194 _Scops giu_, 247 Scops owl, 247 _Seena, Sterna_, 167 Selection, Natural, 53, 173, 174, 236, 240, 243 Selous, Mr. Edmund, 25, 78 _Sena, Ilerda_, 241 “Seven sisters,” 252 Sexual dimorphism, 172 Shah bulbul, 216 Shama, 11 _Sharpii, Grus_, 197 Shikra, 69-73, 164 Shoveller, 161 _Sinensis, Centropus_, 82, 248 _Siphia parva_, 5 Skylark, 116 Snake, brown tree, 144 Snake-bird, 14-8 Snipe, common, 161 —, jack, 161 Sparrow, 82, 211 Sparrow, yellow-throated, 105, 157, 216 Sparrow-hawk, 69, 70, 163, 164 “Species, The Making of,” 43 Sphenocercus, 130 _Splendens, Corvus_, 165, 225, 231 Spoonbill, 44 Spot-billed duck, 40, 63 Spotted dove, 120, 212 — owlet, 212, 246 Sprosser, 146 Squirrel, little striped, 72 Stanley, Bishop, 96, 97, 124, 232, 233 Starling, 159, 182, 211 —, rose-coloured, 19, 158, 181 —, rosy, 19, 158, 181 Steppe eagle, 163 _Sterna melanogaster_, 40, 206 — _seena_, 107 Stilt, 44 Stone chat, 211 _Strix flammea_, 248 Stuart Baker, 50, 91 _Sturnopastor, contra_, 85 Sunbird, 3, 19, 99, 212, 218-24 —, Loten’s, 212, 218-24 —, purple, 218-24 —, purple-rumped, 212, 218-24 _Suratensis, Turtur_, 120 _Sutorius, Orthotomus_, 7 _Swala ladu_, 151 Swallow, barn, 151 —, common, 150, 151, 205 —, wire-tailed, 149-56 Swallow-plover, 204-10 Swift, 153 —, palm, 213, 215 Swynnerton, Mr. C. F. M., 243, 244 Sykes’s warbler, 217

T _Tachornis batassiensis_, 215 Tailor-bird, 7, 212 Tawny eagle, 163, 164 Taylor, Mr. Alfred, 28 Teal, 161 —, cotton, 39 —, whistling, 40 _Tephrodornis pondicerianus_, 214 Tern, 45, 167-71, 204-10 —, black-bellied, 49, 206 _Terpsiphone paradisi_, 45, 102, 215 _Thamnobia_, 61 — _cambaiensis_, 8, 63, 162 — _fulicata_, 63, 214 Thayer, Mr. A., 97, 188 _Thereiceryx zeylonicus_, 8 Thompson, Mr. R., 120 Thought, power of animals to express, 25-30 —, transmission of, 26 Thrush, 211 —, missel, 211 Tickell, 247 _Tickelli, Cyornis_, 5 _Tilyer_, 158 _Tinnunculus alaudarius_, 164 _Tiphia, Ægithina_, 213 Titmice, 211 Tomtit, 211 _Torquatus, Palaeornis_, 181, 215 _Torquilla, Iynx_, 121 _Tranquebarica, Œnopopilia_, 104, 173 Tree-snake, brown, 144 _Treron_, 130 _Trigonata, Hipsas_, 144 _Tristis, Acridotheres_, 113 —, _Phylloscopus_, 7 Turtle-dove, 174 —, red, 104, 172, 177 _Turtur suratensis_, 120 _Turumti_, 117-20, 164 _Tuti_, 76

U _Upupa indica_, 83, 185-96

V _Varius, Hierococcyx_, 51, 80, 100, 249 Verner, Col. Willoughby, 94 _Virachola isocrates_, 241 _Viridis, Merops_, 6, 98, 241 Visitors, winter, to the Punjab Plains, 157-66 _Vittatus, Lanius_, 213 Voices of the Night, 246-53 Vulture, 55-60 —, black, 60, 235 —, domestic, 55 —, king, 60 —, Pondicherry, 60 —, scavenger, 55, 60 —, white-backed, 60, 235

W Wagtail, 85 —, grey, 28, 162, 167 —, grey-headed, 217 —, pied, 162, 213, 214 —, water, 211 —, white, 162 Wallace, 20, 129 Wallaceian theory, 127, 173 Warbler, 7 —, Sykes’s, 217 —, willow, 7 Water-wagtail, 211 Watt, James, 139 Westell, Mr., 233 White, Gilbert, 149, 150, 151 —, Birds in, 42-7 — ibis, 44 — wagtail, 162 — backed vulture, 60, 235 — breasted kingfisher, 212 — browed bulbul, 212 — eared bulbul, 163 — headed babbler, 212 — throated munia, 216 “Wild Life in a Southern County,” 211 Willow-warbler, 7 Winter visitors to the Punjab Plains, 157-66 Wire-tailed swallow, 149-56 Woodpecker, golden-backed, 8, 212 —, pied, 31-6 Wood-pigeon, 211 Wood-shrike, 214 Wren, 211 Wryneck, 121-25

Y Yellow-fronted pied woodpecker, 31-6 Yellow-hammer, 179 Yellow-throated sparrow, 105, 157, 216 Yerbury, Colonel, 240

_BY THE SAME AUTHOR_

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A Tragedy in Stone and other Papers. By Lord Redesdale. Demy 8vo, 7_s._ 6_d._

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THE WORKS OF FRANCIS GRIERSON

The Invincible Alliance and other Essays—Political, Social and Literary. Crown 8vo, 3_s._ 6_d._ net.

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_NOTICE_

_Those who possess old letters, documents, correspondence, MSS., scraps of autobiography, and also miniatures and portraits, relating to persons and matters historical, literary, political and social, should communicate with Mr. John Lane, The Bodley Head, Vigo Street, London, W., who will at all times be pleased to give his advice and assistance, either as to their preservation or publication._

_Mr. Lane also undertakes the planning and printing of family papers, histories and pedigrees._

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