LXXI.

WAR AND PRISON ADVENTURES.

EXPERIENCES OF AN ARMY CORRESPONDENT.—RUNNING THE BATTERIES OF VICKSBURG.—EXCITING SCENES.—PERILOUS SITUATION AND HAIR-BREADTH ESCAPE.—SHOT, SHELL, STEAM, FIRE, AND WATER.—TWO YEARS AS A CAPTIVE.—TUNNELLING.—ITS MODE, MANAGEMENT, AND MISHAPS.—TOILING FOR FREEDOM UNDER GROUND.—BOLD AND PROSPEROUS EFFORTS FOR LIBERTY.—LIFE IN A DUNGEON.—PERISHING BY INCHES.—DEATH ON EVERY HAND.—SUBTERRANEAN SEEKING FOR THE LIGHT.—SELF-DELIVERANCE AT LAST. 999

ILLUSTRATIONS.

1. Phases of Underground Life, FRONTISPIECE. 2. Austin, Nevada; A Western Mining Town, 34 3. Impressions of Plants found in Coal, 40 4. Discovery of Anthracite Coal in Pennsylvania, 40 5. Wire Railway at the Harewood Coal Mine, British Columbia, 51 6. Entrance to a Coal Mine, 54 7. Interior of a Coal Mine, 54 8. Descending a Shaft, 68 9. Sections of an English Coal Mine, 74 10. Discovery of Silver in Peru, 82 11. Interior of a Silver Mine, 82 12. Entrance to a Silver Mine of Central America, 88 13. Indian Silver Miners at Work, 88 14. One Method of Washing for Silver, 95 15. Another Method of Washing for Silver, 95 16. New York Speculators at the Mines, 108 17. Demonstrating the Value of a Silver Mine, 108 18. Pearl Diving in the East Indies, 130 19. Discovery of Loaves of Bread Baked 1800 Years Ago, 167 20. Bodies of Pompeians Cast in the Ashes, 173 21. Railroad from Naples to the Summit of Mt. Vesuvius, 187 22. Descent of Vesuvius, 188 23. Searching for Relics, 193 24. The Gate of Herculaneum and Street of Tombs, 197 25. The Crater of Vesuvius, 198 26. Bay of Naples, 206 27. Naples Wagon, 206 28. Nero’s Gymnasium, 214 29. Dr. and Mrs. Schliemann the Excavators at Mycenæ (Greece), 221 30. The Explorations at Mycenæ—the Treasury of Atreus (entrance),224 31. Battle of the Warriors, 263 32. The Philadelphia Bank Robbery, 268 33. Australian Natives Burning their Dead, 278 34. An Indian Burial Place, 278 35. The Tombs of the Kings at Thebes, 289 36. Hall in the Tombs of Assasseef, 289 37. Pumping Well on Oil Creek, 334 38. The Grand Hotel, 356 39. Place De La Bastille, 362 40. The Bastille, 362 41. Destruction of the Bastille, 371 42. Working a Diamond Claim, 376 43. River Washing—Cradling for Diamonds, 376 44. Celebrated Diamonds of the World, 382 45. The Orloff Diamond, 382 46. Star of the South, 382 47. The Nassac, 382 48. The Cumberland, 382 49. The Sancy, 382 50. Star of the South—rough, 382 51. The Dresden, 382 52. The Regent Diamond, 382 53. The Kohinoor—recut, 382 54. Australian Brilliant, 382 55. The Eugenie, 382 56. Regent—side view, 382 57. The Hope, 382 58. The Florentine, 382 59. The Shah, 382 60. The Diamond Fields of South Africa, 391 61. Grand Avenue of the Champs Elysées, 407 62. Ball at Mabille, 415 63. East River Bridge, 426 64. Inundation of a Mine, 439 65. Falling in of a Mine, 444 66. View of Mammoth Cave, 474 67. Stalagmites in the Cave, 474 68. Execution of a Chinese Criminal, 488 69. Eastern Entrance to Hoosac Tunnel, 500 70. Western Entrance to Hoosac Tunnel, 500 71. Work at the Heading, 506 72. Boring machine used in Mount Cenis Tunnel, 518 73. Side View of Boring Machine, 518 74. Place De La Concorde, 527 75. The Madeleine Church, 530 76. Subterranean Paris, 536 77. The Great Sewer, 536 78. Quicksilver Mines of New Almaden, 554 79. Blasting in the Quicksilver Mines, 554 80. Burning of a Coolie Ship, 568 81. Coolies Planning a Mutiny, 577 82. Mutiny on the Lower Deck, 577 83. The Avondale Disaster—Removing Bodies from the Mine, 586 84. Interior of an Iron Mine, 594 85. Section of the Broadway Underground Railway, 644 86. Tunneling Broadway for the Underground Railway, 652 87. Interior of Pneumatic Passenger Car, 655 88. Portal of the Broadway Tunnel, 655 89. The Bomb Ferry—Travel in the 30th Century, 661 90. The Public Highway—Travel in the 30th Century, 661 91. Underground Rail Road Station, Aldgate London, 671 92. Conversationshaus at Baden, 708 93. Concert in the Gardens at Baden, 708 94. Gambling Saloon at Baden, 722 95. Esquimaux Dwellings, 739 96. Robbery of the Diligence, 750 97. Drinking Pisco in a San Francisco Saloon, 769 98. Jas. W. Marshall, the Discoverer of Gold in California, 790 99. Sutter’s Mills where Gold was Discovered, 790 100. Emigrant Train of Gold Hunters in 1849, 794 101. Chinese Gold Mining in California, 794 102. Gold Washing in the California Mines, 798 103. Miners Prospecting, 804 104. Miners Around their Camp-fire, 810 105. Ground Sluicing, 814 106. Hydraulic Mining, 814 107. A Copper Mine of the Lake Superior Region, 824 108. Interior of a Copper Mine, 821 109. Drilling in a Copper Mine, 824 110. Catacombs of Rome—The Three Brothers, 832 111. Vaulted Chapel in the Catacombs, 840 112. Lost in the Catacombs, 840 113. Pirates of the Mississippi, 862 114. View of Hellgate from Negro Point, 885 115. General View of Works at Hallett’s Point, 885 116. View of Shaft from the Dam, 892 117. The Shaft, Showing Headings, 892 118. Dream of a Diamond Swindler, 911 119. Descending the Shaft—Wieliczka Salt Mines, 932 120. Chapel in the Wieliczka Salt Mines, 932 121. Getting out Salt, 936 122. Illustration of the Infernal Lake, 936 123. Explosion of Fire Damp, 952 124. Our Quarters in Libby Prison, 1008 125. Tail Piece, 1016

UNDERGROUND.