Part 31

Dams, Laguna and Roosevelt, 70, 88, 91, 93, 94; Elephant Butte, 110.

Date, the Algerian, 75, 76; the Deglet Noor, 100.

Death Valley, 83, 172-8; borax deposits, 177; climatic variation, 176; effects of ultrararefied air, 175; sand-storms, 176, 177.

Decker Lake, 425-8.

Del Mar, California, 117-9.

Del Monte, California, 184, 185.

Deming, New Mexico, 3-8, 13.

Denver, 21.

Depew, Chauncey, 84, 85.

Deschutes, the, 287.

Desert, Arizona, 72, 73; Colorado, 98; New Mexican, 36, 38, 39.

Dikes on the Sacramento, 226, 227.

Donner Lake, 233.

Donner party tragedy, story of, 233, 234.

Drain, Oregon, 323.

Drowned Lands, the, 426, 428.

Dry Lake Ranch, 282.

Duncan, woodsman, 427-433, 437, 438.

Dungeness, 344.

Easter pilgrimage, 129-131.

Egypt, 71, 72.

El Centro, 101, 102.

El Paso, 21.

Elephant Butte, dam at, 110.

Elkins, Stephen B., 21.

English in New Mexico, 12; pioneers in the North, 399-403.

Erosion, Acoma, a striking example of, 41.

Eugene, Oregon, 317, 320, 323.

Fair, Oregon State, 312-7.

Farms, New Mexico, 7-11; Oregon, 314, 315.

Feast of the Blossoms, the, 192, 193, 201.

Festivities, California out-of-door, 201-3.

Fishing, deep-sea, at Avalon, 149-151.

Fishing industry of the Sacramento, 220, 221.

Fish-wheels, 302.

Flaherty, Michael, 447.

Floral mosaic, 267.

Florence, Arizona, State penitentiary at, 89.

Folsom, California, 229.

Foot-hills Hotel, the, 164-6.

Forests, Sierran, 266.

Fort Fraser, B. C., 390, 395, 399, 416, 421-4; cost of provisions in, 422.

Fort George, B. C., 393, 408, 409.

Fowl, wild, 220.

Fraser River, the, 391, 392, 398.

Freight wagons, British Columbian, 398.

Frémont, 115, 186, 228.

Fresno, California, 256.

Friday Harbour, 344.

Frontier, the last, 389 _et seq._, 421 _et seq._

Frontiersmen, British Columbian, 440-7.

Frost in the orange belt, 133, 257.

Fruit-growing, in Arizona, 75.

Fruit-packing industry, 205.

Funeral Range, the, 173, 174.

Furnace Creek, 174.

Gadsden Treaty, 79.

Gasoline, cost of in British Columbia, 394, 395.

Gaviota Pass, the, 178.

General Grant Big Tree Grove, 257.

Gila River, the, 9, 79, 83, 110.

Gilroy, California, 196.

Glacier meadows, 266, 267.

Globe, Arizona, 90.

Goat, wild, 153.

Gold discovery, California, 79, 173, 224.

Gold dredger, 230-2.

Golden Gate, the, 241.

Golf-links, California, 159, 185.

Grand Island, 227.

Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, 364, 378-382, 384, 408, 426.

Grant’s Pass, Oregon, 323, 324.

Great Central Lake, B. C., 220, 375, 376.

Great Valley of California, the, 242 _et seq._; irrigation of, 243, 244; petroleum fields, 258, 259.

Grove Play, Bohemian Club’s, 158, 202, 203.

Halleck, 183.

Harriman, E. H., 284.

Hawk’s Nest, the, 186.

Heenan, the “Benicia Boy,” 220.

High Sierras, the, 266.

Highways, 21, 102, 108, 114-8, 161, 166, 197, 198, 215, 229, 278.

Hillsboro, California, 198; Oregon, 326.

Holland, waterways of, 215, 216.

Hollanders in New Mexico, 13.

Hollywood, California, 199.

Homestead and Desert Land Acts, 6, 323.

Honey Lake, 279, 280.

Hood River, 296, 297.

Hopi Indians, 16, 47, 53-59.

Horton, Alonzo, 108.

Hot Springs Junction, 81.

Hotel Arlington, 170, 171; del Coronado, 105-7; The Foot-hills, 164-6.

Hund, John, 6.

Hundred and Fifty Mile House, the, 430-2.

Hunt, Governor George W. P., 79, 89.

Hunting big game in Arizona, 85-87; in British Columbia, 451-3; in the Puget Sound country, 347.

Hydraulic mining, 226, 230.

Imperial Valley, the, 8, 97-102, 110, 194; agricultural products, 100; highway into, 102, 103; irrigation of, 99; soil expert’s report concerning, 98, 99; towns in, 101.

Indian education, 47, 48; legend of the Columbia, 293-5; punishments, 58-60; revolt of 1680, 19, 78; settlement in the Yosemite, 250-2; sheep-owners, 27.

Indians, Palatingwa, 120, 121; Hopi, 16, 47, 53-59; Siwash, 415, 447-451.

Invalids, in Albuquerque, 13.

Iron Hills, the, 279.

Irrigation, 5, 6, 8, 14, 30, 32, 70, 88, 93, 94, 99, 110, 225-7, 243, 246.

Isleton, California, 223.

Japanese in California, 207-210.

Jewellery, Indian, 53.

Kalama, 331, 332.

Katzimo, 40, 41.

Kearney Boulevard, the, 256.

Kearney, General, 19, 20.

King’s Highway. (See _Camino Real_.)

Kino, Jesuit Father, 91.

Klamath Falls, 283-5.

La Jolla, California, 117.

Labour problems in California, 206-8.

Laguna, New Mexico, 35, 37, 38, 49, 50; dam, 70, 88.

Lake Chapala, 220.

Lake of Elsinore, 117.

Lake Tahoe, 228, 232, 235, 236, 264-270.

Larkin house, Monterey, 183.

Leland Stanford, Jr., University, 197.

Lick, James, 147.

Linda Vista grade, the, 114.

Lisa, Manuel, 56.

Long Beach, California, 143.

Los Angeles, California, 142-5, 209; harbour, 144, 145; name, 139.

Los Gatos, 191.

Los Olivos, inn at, 180, 181.

Lummis, Charles, 139.

Macdonald, “Black Jack,” 438.

MacDonald, Bob, 442, 443.

Machine shearing, 27.

Madera, California, 256.

Manzano Ranges, the, 14.

“Marble Halls of Oregon,” the, 324.

Marcos de Niza, 78.

Mare Island Navy Yard, 219.

Mariposa Big Tree Grove, 254, 255.

Mark Twain, 230.

Marshall, John, 229.

Matilija Valley, the, 162, 164.

Meadows, mountain, 266, 267.

Medford, Oregon, 319, 323.

Mediterranean Riviera, the, 161.

Memaloose, the Island of the Dead, 293.

Merced Big Tree Grove, 247, 256.

_Mesa Encantada, La_ (the Enchanted Mesa), 30-41.

Mexican War, 79.

Mexicans, in New Mexico, 28, 29.

Militiamen, Canadian, 372, 373.

Miller, Frank, 121.

Mimbres Valley, the, 6 _et seq._, 32; climate, 8, 9.

Mining, 226, 230-2.

Miramar, California, 167.

Mission Inn at Riverside, 121, 127.

Mission Valley, 117.

Missions, Arizona, 91-93; California, 117-122, 179, 180, 183, 186, 195, 198.

Modesto, California, 246.

Mojave City, Arizona, 87.

Montecito, California, 167, 199, 223.

Monterey, California, 159, 181-5, 195, 216; historic interest of, 182, 183.

Morehouse, Colonel C. P., 150.

Moricetown, B. C., 434-6.

Motoring in British Columbia, 348-350, 372, 439; in California, 113-8, 132, 166, 228, 261-4, 278, 279; in Oregon, 320; in the Yosemite, 246-8, 254.

Mount Adams, 295; Hamilton, 191; Hood, 295, 298; Hooker, 346; Lowe, 142; Rubidoux, 128, 129; Rainier, 337-340, 347; Shasta, 160; Saint Helens, 295; San Jacinto, 160; Tamalpais, 219; Topotopo, 163.

Moving pictures taken in the West, 64, 90, 171.

Muir, John, 249.

Nanaimo, 363, 372, 373.

Napoleon, 182.

_Natalie_, the, 182.

Nechako River, the, 424.

Nehalem Bay, 326.

“Netherlands Route,” the, 217.

New Hazelton, B. C., 380, 381, 428, 436-440, 443, 452.

“New Helvetia,” 227.

New Mexico, annexation of, 19, 20; changes in, 3 _et seq._; character of the people, 31, 32; climate of, 8, 9; desert, 36, 38, 39; dress, 10; farming in, 7-11; fuel, 11; industries, 25-28; Mexicans in, 28, 29; mineral deposits, 32; prosperity of, 31, 32; religious fanaticism, 29, 30; settlers in, 10-13; social fabric, 28, 30; Spanish spoken in, 29; turquoise deposits, 32; water discovery, 5, 6; well-digging, 11; white population, 30.

New Westminster, B. C., 350, 363.

Nisqually Glacier, the, 338-340.

Oak Knoll, California, 109.

Oceanside, California, 117-9.

Oil-fields, California, 258, 259.

Ojai Valley, the, 162-6.

Olympia, 336.

Oñate, Juan de, 19, 51.

Orange groves of California, 125-8, 133-8, 257.

Oregon, 307-328; Agricultural College, 315; apple orchards, 296, 318, 319; caves, 324; character of the country, 324-8; charm of, 326-8; climate, 327; emigration to, 321-3; farmer, 313-6; a frontier country, 325; hinterland, 275 _et seq._, 309, 310; opportunities in, 322; prohibition in, 323, 324; railroad, 325-7; State Fair, 312-7; timber, 322; towns, 308, 323, 324.

Oregon Trail, the, 276.

“Our Italy,” 216.

Pacific Great Eastern Railway, 379-380.

Pack-train on the Cariboo Trail, 397.

“Padre’s Path,” 42.

Pajarito National Park, 22-25.

Pala, San Antonia de, mission chapel, 117, 120.

Palatingwa tribe, the, 120, 121.

Palo Alto, 197, 198.

Panamint Range, the, 174.

Pasadena, California, 131-3, 138-142, 170, 201, 223; Busch Gardens, 140, 141; Mount Lowe, 140, 142; Orange Grove Avenue, 140, 141.

Pecos, the, valley of, 9, 32; Forest Reserve, 22.

Pelican Bay Lodge, 285.

Pelicans, 283.

Penitentes, the, 29, 30.

Petroleum fields, California, 258, 259.

Philip III, 147.

Phœnix, Arizona, 80, 83, 90, 91, 93, 110.

Pillars of Hercules, 301.

Pilot Peak, 278.

Pio Pico, 147.

Placerville, California, 228, 229, 232.

Plaza del Mar, Santa Barbara, 169, 171.

Point Loma, 103.

Polo Club at Coronado, 104.

Port Alberni, B. C., 376.

Port Angeles, 344.

Port Mann, B. C., 380.

Portland, Oregon, 202, 308, 331, 332, 341; residences, 311.

Portola, Don Caspar de, 195, 210.

Prescott, Arizona, 80, 81.

Prince Rupert, B. C., 379-384, 390.

Prison system, Arizona, 89.

Prunes, California, 193.

Pueblo system of government, 58.

Puget Sound country, the, 341-7; a trip through, 343-5; variety of sports and recreations, 345-7.

Punishments, Indian, 58-60.

Quesnel, B. C., 392, 394, 395, 399, 401, 445.

Railways in British Columbia, 378-382.

Rainier National Park, 338, 340.

Raisin industry, 256.

_Ramona_, home of, 117.

Ranches, Californian, 242.

Rasmussen, Peter, 412-4.

Raton, New Mexico, 12.

Redlands, California, 131, 132.

Redondo, California, 143.

Remittance-man, the, 400, 401.

Rincon route, the, 166.

Rio Grande, the, 14, 23, 110.

Rito de los Frijoles, the, 23-25.

River gardens, 221, 222.

Riverside, California, 117, 120, 125-133, 136; Easter pilgrimage, 129-131; Mission Inn at, 121, 127.

Riviera, the Californian, 161, 216.

Rogue, valley of the, 321.

Roosevelt dam, 70, 88, 91, 93, 94, 110.

Roseburg, Oregon, 323.

Sacramento, 215, 224-8.

Sacramento River, the, 215-227, 233, 241; dikes, 226, 227; fishing industry, 220, 221; homes along, 223; house-boats, 224; reclamation of banks, 225-7; traffic, 222; truck-gardens, 221.

Salem, Oregon, 312, 323.

Salmon fisheries, 302, 348, 375.

Salt River Valley, 93.

San Antonio de Pala, mission chapel of, 117, 120.

San Bernardino Range, the, 241.

San Buenaventura, 162.

San Carlos, Church of, Monterey, 183.

San Clemente, island of, 151.

San Diego, 97, 98, 102, 107-112, 117, 118; advantages, 109, 110; climate, 111, 112; geography, 103; growth of, 108; highway, 102, 103; history, 107, 108; prospects, 109-111.

San Francisco, 215; Portola Festival at, 201.

San Joaquin River, the, 221, 241, 242, 245, 256.

San José, California, 196, 200; mission, 195.

San José, picture of, 49, 50.

San Juan Bautista, mission of, 186.

San Juan Islands, 343, 344.

San Luis Obispo, California, 172.

San Luis Rey, mission of, 117, 119, 120.

San Mateo, California, 198, 199; New Mexico, 29.

San Pedro, harbour of, 144, 145.

_San Salvador_, the, 171.

San Xavier del Bac, mission of, 91-94.

Sand-storms in Death Valley, 176, 177.

Sangre de Cristo Range, the, 18, 22.

Santa Barbara, 166-172, 202, 217; architecture, 170; Arlington Hotel, 170, 171; college, 170; contrasts in, 167; Old Town section, 168; Plaza del Mar, 169; State Street, 169, 170.

Santa Barbara Islands, the, 146, 151-3.

Santa Catalina Island, 146-151, 153.

Santa Clara Valley, the, 8, 190-210; air in, 206; blossom-time in, 192, 193; climate, 200, 201; land values, 204, 205; productiveness of, 193-5; schools in, 196; ultrafashionable colonies of, 198.

Santa Clara Valley (southern), 262, 263.

Santa Cruz Island, 151-3.

Santa Fé, 16-21, 56; governor’s palace, 16; history, 19; Mexicans in, 29; name of, 19; possibilities of, 17, 18; scenery, 16.

Santa Fé, Prescott & Phœnix Railway, 81.

Santa Fé Trail, the, 18, 20.

Santa Monica, California, 143.

Santa Paula, California, 263, 264.

Santa Rita Mountains, 92.

Santa Ynez, inn near, 180; mission of, 179.

Santa Ynez Range, the, 178, 216.

Saugus, California, 262, 263.

Scenic Highway, the, 21, 22.

Schoolhouses in the Santa Clara, 196.

Seals, of Santa Cruz, 151.

Seaside resorts, California, 142-4.

Seattle, 202; compared with Portland, 340, 341, 346.

Sentinel Hotel, the, 249, 250.

Sequim Prairie, 344.

Sequoia trees, the, 254, 255, 257, 258.

Serra, Father Junipero, 108, 115, 121, 130, 180, 181, 183, 184, 195, 198, 210, 246.

Servilleta, 56.

Sespe Valley, the, 164.

Sheep-raising, 26-28, 262.

Sherman, 183.

Sierra Nevada Range, the, 160, 232, 241, 265-7.

Silver City, New Mexico, 32.

Siskiyous, the, 324.

Siwash Indians, 415, 416, 447-451.

Skeena, the, 390, 394, 395.

Skylanders, 42 _et seq._

Smiley Heights, California, 131.

Smith, Captain Jedediah, 56, 115, 210.

Smithsonian Institution, 40.

Sol Duc Hot Springs, 344.

Southern California, 97.

Spanish dominion in Mexico, overthrow of, 19.

Sprockets, John D., 109.

Stage-coaches, 90.

Stanford, Leland, 197, 210.

Stevenson, Robert Louis, 183.

Stockton, California, 244-6.

Stony Creek, B. C., 415, 416.

Studebaker, John, 229.

Suisun Bay, 220, 221.

Summerland, California, 167.

Summit, California, 232, 233.

Superstition Mountains, 93.

Susanville, 277, 280-2.

Sutler, John Augustus, 227, 228, 234.

Sutler’s Fort, 227, 228, 234.

Swamp and Drowned Lands Act, 260.

Tacoma, 336-8, 346.

Tahoe. (See _Lake Tahoe_.)

Tahoe Tavern, 268.

Tallac, California, 232.

Taos, New Mexico, 22, 55-58; houses, 45, 57.

Tehachapi Range, the, 97, 241, 261.

Telegraph stations, frontier, 403, 404.

Tennis Club, Ojai Valley, 164.

Tent City, at Coronado, 112, 113.

Tête Jaune Pass, the, 379, 380.

The Dalles, Oregon, 276, 277, 286-8, 291.

Tiles, Spanish, 168.

Tillamook County, Oregon, 326, 327.

Tingley, Madame, 103.

Torrey pine, the, 118.

Trail riding, 260.

Trees, California Big, 254, 255, 257, 258.

Trevet, Victor, 293.

Truck-gardens, 221, 222.

Truckee, California, 233-5, 268, 269.

Tucson, Arizona, 80, 81, 92, 94.

Tucson Farms, 110.

Tuna Club, the, at Avalon, 150, 151.

Tuna fishing, 140-151.

Turquoise deposits, 32.

Tyler, President, 296.

Union Pacific Railroad, 21.

Universal Brotherhood, the, 103.

University of California, Greek Theatre at, 202.

University of New Mexico, the, 15.

Vallejo, California, 219, 220.

Vancouver, B. C., 116, 349, 350, 363-7, 369.

Vancouver Island, 345, 370-6, 442; fish and game, 375; Island Highway, 371-4; motoring on, 372; railway, 381; scenery, 373, 374.

van Dyke, Dr. Henry, 130.

Vargas, De, 19.

Venice, California, 143, 144.

Ventura, California, 162.

Victoria, B. C., 346, 363-370; Harbour, 367, 368.

Visalia, California, 246, 257, 258.

_Vittoria_, the, 171.

Vizcaino, 181.

Wagon-trains, 20, 21, 398.

Wah, the brothers, 7, 8.

Walla Walla, 295.

Wallace, General Lew, 16.

Washington, 331 _et seq._; character of the country, 334, 335; climate, 335; land clearing, 334, 335; names of towns, 333; roads, 331, 332; sign-posts, 333, 334; water-power, 335.

Water discovery in the Mimbres Valley, 5, 6.

Waterfalls of the Columbia River, 300, 301.

Wawona, California, 254.

Webster, secretary of state, 296.

Well-digging in New Mexico, 11.

White Rock Cañon, 23.

Whitman, 295, 296.

Willamette River, the, 309-311, 317.

Wood, Mr., 150.

Wool industry, the, 26-28.

Yavapai Club, the, 81.

Yosemite Valley, the, 246-260; Indian settlement, 250-2; Sentinel Hotel, 249, 250; variety of recreation, 253.

Yukon Telegraph Trail, 395.

Yuma, Arizona, 83-85, 97, 98, 102, 110.

[Illustration: MAP OF THE FAR WEST, FROM NEW MEXICO TO BRITISH COLUMBIA, SHOWING THE ROUTE FOLLOWED BY THE AUTHOR]