PART THREE
SIXTH YEAR
[Illustration: THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER]
SIXTH YEAR
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span gle star-span gled ban ner gal lant ly twi light
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proud ly hailed gleam ing stream ing ram parts
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dawn stripes rock et bomb proof
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broad through per il ous ear ly watched
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THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER
O say, can you see, by the dawn’s early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight, O’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there; O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave?
—FRANCIS SCOTT KEY.
Study the words and write the stanza from memory.
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na tion na tion al cer e mo ny fol low ing ob serve
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sun rise sun set me mo ri al spec ta tors at ten tion
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dur ing du ra ble mil i tary mi li tia re quire
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staff rev o lu tion re volv er reg u la tions sa lute
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hoist un cov er a rise low ered re view
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fu ner al mourn ing mourn ful con clu sion halt
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CEREMONY OF THE NATIONAL FLAG
_In order to show the proper respect to the flag the following ceremony should be observed_:
It should not be hoisted before sunrise nor allowed to remain up after sunset.
At “retreat,” sunset, civilian spectators should stand at “attention” and uncover during the playing of the “Star-Spangled Banner.” Military spectators are required by regulation to stand at attention and give the military salute.
When the National colors are passing on parade, or in review, the spectator should, if walking, halt, and if sitting, arise, and stand at attention and uncover.
When the flag is flown at half staff as a sign of mourning it should be hoisted to full staff at the conclusion of the funeral.
In placing the flag at half staff, it should first be hoisted to the top of the staff and then lowered to position, and before lowering from half staff it should be first raised to the top.
On Memorial Day the flag should fly at half staff from sunrise to noon, and full staff from noon to sunset.—SONS OF THE REVOLUTION IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.
Read the above rules for showing respect to the flag, then close your book and write them from memory using your own words.
FLAG NAMES
Old Glory. The Stars and Stripes. The Flower of Liberty.—HOLMES. Freedom’s Banner.—DRAKE.
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to tal o pin ion Brit ish va ry va ri ous
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dec la ra tion to geth er al to geth er or i gin o rig i nal
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claim con cludes a dopt rep re sent Eng land
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Eng lish Ire land I rish Scot land Scot tish
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The president’s salute and the British royal salute are the same—twenty-one guns. There are various opinions as to the origin of this number. Some claim that the original number was seven and that twenty-one was adopted to represent the union of England, Scotland, and Ireland—seven guns for each country.
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ac count ed i tor i ci cle fact cob web
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news pa per rec i ta tion pay ment non sense de cline
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re quest close ly gos sip moist mois ture
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men tion puz zle rid dle mi ser o dor
In some words the final _e_ is dropped when an ending beginning with a vowel is added. This is the rule in Lessons 22 and 23, 24 and 25.
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ar rive ar riv al bore bor ing bounce bounc ing com bine com bi na tion
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pre serve pre serv ing com pare com par ing pro mote pro mo tion ed u cate ed u ca tion
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de serve dodge re move ram ble pledge in clude re fuse en gage
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sac ri fice pause med dle lodge in quire en close es cape move
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Add _ing_ to each word in Lesson 24. In doing this drop the final _e_ because the new ending _ing_ begins with a vowel.
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Add _ing_ to each word in Lesson 25. What letter must be dropped? Why?
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yoke annoy an noyed mocked for ev er
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de clared sub mit sub mit ting at tached fes ti val
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drudge drudg er y an nu al hol i day al tar
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per fume i dle ness con tin ue con tin u ing e vent
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THE CALF AND THE OX
A calf that had never felt the yoke, _mocked_ an ox who was _attached_ to a plow for _submitting_ to such _drudgery_. The ox was _annoyed_ but _continued_ his work.
Not long after there was a great _festival_. The ox had his _annual_ holiday for this _event_, but the calf was sacrificed on the altar.
“If that is the end of idleness,” _declared_ the ox, “I think work is better. I had rather my neck felt the yoke forever than the ax for a moment.”—ÆSOP.
Rewrite the above fable using other words in the place of those that are italicized.
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ma hog a ny bun ga low clap board ce dar pal ace man sion
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ex te ri or in te ri or ve ran da shin gles pi az za brack et
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The plural of nouns is generally formed by adding _s_ to the singular. You have learned that some nouns ending in _f_ change the _f_ to _v_ and add _es_. You have also learned that nouns ending in _y_ preceded by a consonant change _y_ to _i_ and add _es_. Some nouns ending in _o_ preceded by a consonant form the plural by adding _es_.
Write the plural of the following.
he ro cal i co car go po ta to ech o buf fa lo ne gro mot to
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Nouns ending in _s_, _sh_, _ch_, and _x_ generally form their plurals by adding _es_.
Write the plural of the following.
crutch brush fox glass torch wish box class
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si lent si lent ly si lence safe ly saf est
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re spond re sponse re fer se lect a ris es
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a ris ing im per ti nent im per ti nence con tra dict con tra dic tion
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vul gar vul gar i ty en vy en vied en vi ous
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Silence is the safest response for all the contradiction that arises from impertinence, vulgarity or envy.—ZIMMERMAN.
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char ac ter style su preme ex cel ex cel lent ex cel lence
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sim ple sim pli fy which sim ply sim plic i ty sep a rate
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In character, in manners, in style, true, supreme excellence is simplicity.—LONGFELLOW.
You can not dream yourself into a character; you must hammer and forge yourself one.—FROUDE.
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ceil ing con ceit re lieve re ceipt re ceive re lief
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de ceit de ceit ful be lieve de ceive be lief be liev ing
In every one of the above words you will find either the letters _ei_ or _ie_. In every word these two letters are pronounced _e_. How can you know when to use _ie_ and when to use _ei_? There is a very easy way to remember. Look at the word _Alice_. What letter comes after _l_? In using _ie_ or _ei_, _i_ always follows _l_ just as it does in _Alice_. What letter in _Alice_ follows _c_? In using _ie_ or _ei_, _e_ always follows _c_ just as it does in _Alice_. Look at the words in Lesson 45 and 46 and see if this is not so. Whenever you have occasion to use any word containing these letters, remember the word _Alice_. That is the keyword.
Another easy rule applies to _ie_ in other words. Be sure to remember it.
“_I_ before _e_ Except after _c_ Or when sounded as _a_ As in _neighbor_ or _weigh_.”
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brief chief field fiend fierce niece
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grief grieve pier pierce piece priest
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se ries thief siege shield wield yield
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friend mis chief a chieve tier sieve fron tier
In the following words the _e_ comes before the _i_ in accordance with the rule on page 47, for the _ei_ is pronounced like _a_.
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neigh neigh bor weigh eight freight sleigh
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rein reign veil vein skein weight
The following words are exceptions to the rule “_i_ before _e_.”
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nei ther lei sure heif er for feit seize
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an cient height for eign sov er eign coun ter feit
In the previous grade you learned that there are one hundred words that are so frequently misspelled that they have been named the “One Hundred Spelling Demons.” Review that list of “Demons” on pages 11 and 12.
On this page and the next are given one hundred more “Demons.” They are very common words that are frequently misspelled. Have you studied them carefully enough so that you can always spell them correctly?
whose walk worth against eight loving world comb course should patient ladies journey nature taught pitied awful cheap disappoint cousin until almost quiet written honor lying except health language wound clothes beauty already kneel grief other able dollar either neither money daily another knife laugh feel potatoes such replied given action carriage nothing even doesn’t using climb flour paid necessary wrist guard apron front linen people toilet oven pretty heart all right meal shown weather happiest chief fault motion union hopeful usual tongue kitchen ounce money hasn’t please mean knowledge catch reach faithful shovel jewelry trouble banana choice heard wonder collar
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fa vor fa vor ite fa vor a ble quotes quo ta tions oc cu pa tion
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read y read i ly ar mor of fense of fen sive an ec dotes
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de fend de fense de fen sive col lect col lec tion oc ca sion
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mem o ry in vent in ven tion serves max im or gan ize
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I pick up favorite quotations and store them in my mind as ready armor, offensive and defensive.—ROBERT BURNS.
A collection of anecdotes and maxims is the greatest treasure.—GOETHE.
A great man quotes bravely and will not draw on his invention when his memory serves him with a word as good.—RALPH WALDO EMERSON.
Above are three quotations from three great writers telling how important they consider the memorizing of wise sayings. Learn one of these quotations and write it from memory.
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re ward ful fill a head curse par ish
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ex pense ex pen sive foe man per formed pre tend
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es tab lish suc cess through out pri ma ry pri ma ri ly
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worse worst re solve re so lu tion re quire
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The reward of one duty faithfully performed, is the power to fulfill another.—GEORGE.
One never gets rich until he commences To keep ahead of his expenses.
An open foe may prove a curse, But a pretended friend is worse.
—GAY.
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The success of the Scot throughout the world, lies primarily in John Knox’s resolve to establish a school in every parish in Scotland, and the law that requires every man—rich and poor—to educate his children.—ANDREW CARNEGIE.
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moth gnaws gar ment con sume sur est
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en dowed qual i ties qual i ty quan ti ty quan ti ties
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qual i fy no blest fool ish ship wreck in for ma tion
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Christ mas ad mis sion re mind ed in form res cue
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He is foolish to blame the sea who is shipwrecked twice.
The world does not require so much to be informed as to be reminded.—HANNAH MORE.
As moths gnaw a garment, so envy consumes a man.—ST. CHRYSOSTOM.
The surest proof of being endowed with noble qualities is to be free from envy.—LA ROCHEFOUCAULD.
Quality not quantity.—OLD MOTTO.
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con trast en large bath ing a wak en fra grant sep a rate
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per mit scent mere pris on sug gest vol ume
AN OCEAN VOYAGE
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o cean a board steam er voy age for eign
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group heart y fare well cruise folks
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de par ture im me di ate tour ist bag gage grad u al ly
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diz zy sen sa tion feel ing seized sick ness
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re tire berth cash ion wrapped com fort
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re cov er smil ing thank ful lux u ry re joice
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route wreck be ware dis as ter dam age
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ma rine in sur ance At lan tic Pa cif ic e qua tor
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planned mu si cian danc ing waltz or ches tra
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pub lish pro gram wire less mag a zine jour nal
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sub scribe fund sail or wid ows or phans
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ap proach in spec tor in spec tion cus tom a ry med i cal
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dark ness cloud y rec og nize ap pear ance buoy
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ar ri val punc tu al sched ule has ten ear li est
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quaint nov el ty treas ure pur chase sketch es
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ac com plish tour ad ven tures meet ing ex pe ri ence wel come
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The words in Lessons 73-88 may be used to describe an ocean voyage. Lesson 73 contains words that suggest the picture of going _aboard_ the _steamer_ for an _ocean voyage_ to _foreign_ lands. Lesson 74 contains words that suggest the farewell to folks ashore; Lessons 76-77, seasickness; Lesson 78, the joy at being well again, etc.
Choose a lesson and write a short description of the picture the words suggest to you—one sentence will do if you can get all the words into it, as, Lesson 83—Everyone was asked to _subscribe_ to the _fund_ for _sailors’ widows_ and _orphans_.
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de scrip tion ex pres sion por tion pro por tion com plex ion ir reg u lar an i mat ed
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maj es ty ma jes tic fore head eye brows stat ure ath lete ath let ic
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lof ty bald rud dy scorch dirt de vout quick
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gra cious mod er ate se rene formed flu ent re lig ion ex er cise
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The king was of middle stature, well proportioned and hardy, and active from athletic exercises. His carriage was free, erect, and majestic. He had a clear, serene forehead, which appeared more lofty from his head being partly bald. His eyebrows were large;—his eyes were clear and animated; his complexion was somewhat ruddy, and scorched by the toils of war; his mouth moderate, well formed and gracious in expression; his teeth white though small and irregular; his speech quick and fluent. He was simple in dress and diet, and devout in his religion.—WASHINGTON IRVING.
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in tro duce in tro duc tion ap par el pro claims hand ker chief nec es sa ry
Neat clothing is a good letter of introduction.—SCOTTISH.
The apparel oft proclaims the man.—SHAKESPEARE.
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jack et trou sers tai lor rib bon ho sier y fash ion
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slip pers or na ment brace let pearl cot ton de sign
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ruf fle cal i co e las tic fab ric ma te ri al ging ham
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suit sew but ton wrin kle vel vet flan nel
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in dus try in dus tries in dus tri ous as sist ant as sist ance
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in sure in come part ner ad vise lo cal
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ad ver tise ad ver tise ment em ploy ment em ploy er as so ci ate
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as so ci a tion au thor i ty ca reer ap pli cant ap pli ca tion
GOVERNMENT
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for mal for mer for mer ly or dain de feat wel fare
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do mes tic tran quil tran quil li ty se cu ri ty pos ter i ty con sti tu tion
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We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the United States of America.
The above paragraph is the introduction or preamble to the Constitution of the United States. It tells why the Constitution was made. After your teacher has explained the meaning, study this preamble and write it from memory.
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gov ern gov er nor gov ern ment cit i zen e qual i ty de part ment e qual ly
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may or mar shal coun ty e lect e lec tion chair man
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pol i cy po lit i cal plat form con gress ses sion com mit tee
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dis trict bal lot sen ate em pire re pub lic
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cup ful spoon ful fear ful hand ful wake ful
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watch ful bas ket ful dread ful pow er ful aw ful
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truth ful trust ful shame ful mourn ful fright ful
With what syllable does every word in Lessons 111-113 end? There is only one _l_ at the end of each final syllable. When the word _full_ forms the ending of another word, it is always written with one _l_.
114
fan cy fan ci ful play play ful pit y pit i ful plen ty plen ti ful
Which of the words in the above lesson changes the final _y_ to _i_ when _ful_ is added? Why? Which does not? Why not?
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su per in tend ent prin ci pal en ter tain ment pub li ca tion in ves ti ga tion pho to graph
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ci gar cig a rette to bac co cam er a mes sen ger as sem bly ca det can di date
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re spect es teem com pa ny sign rep u ta tion as so ci ate has ti ly be hav ior
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RULES OF BEHAVIOR
Every action in company ought to be with some sign of respect to those present.
Think before you speak, pronounce not imperfectly, nor bring your words too hastily, but orderly and distinctly.
Associate yourself with men of good quality, if you esteem your own reputation; for it is better to be alone than in bad company.—GEORGE WASHINGTON.
All service is the same with God.—BROWNING.
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cler gy man bish op min is ter priest bless ing
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ser mon wor ship cat e chism chap el choir
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col lec tion hymn ser vant ser vice law yer
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le gal il le gal in her it jus tice ju ry
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oath term crime in no cent po lice
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wit ness pi rate bur glar cap tive cap ture
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cir cuit court con sult con vict con vince
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ar gu ment de ci sion dis grace dis pute jew el er
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ar rest en trance flight length an swer
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meas ure run ning al low them selves spec ial
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wait a wait sup pose for ward loss
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ob ject man ner fea ture in jure man a ger
Labor, you know, is prayer.—BAYARD TAYLOR.
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drug gist di plo ma dis play ex hib it ar ni ca
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throat al co hol tab let liq uor fix ture
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den tist cav i ty de cay dis ease pulse
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ar ter y vein cramp deaf stom ach
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ill ness grippe croup phys ic poul tice
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a poth e ca ry tem per a ture ther mom e ter vac ci nate can cer
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valve var nish as phalt cin der chis el
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pol ish switch brake tack le sig nal
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flu id fil ter gas o line high way clutch
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flo rist fer ti lize bou quet fo li age in sect
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car na tion ge ra ni um cat er pil lar dec o rate dec o ra tion
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ag ri cul ture let tuce lo cust maize pars nip
Taste the joy that springs from labor.—LONGFELLOW.
143
plan ta tion po ta toes poul try pump kin rasp ber ries
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rhu barb ru ral cu cum ber a pri cot as par a gus
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bram ble breed bri er cel er y chore
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churn cis tern chopped rye drought
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man u fac ture man u fac tur er found ry foun da tion hy drant
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fi ber fric tion mor tar pat ent fau cet
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ma chin er y ma chin ist me chan ics con tract con trac tor
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sam ple ve hi cle bel lows re pair in cline
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bank er draft de pos it cred it clerk
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cash ier pay ment mer chant whole sale re tail
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ker o sene gin ger fac to ry fur ni ture hal i but
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lob ster mack er el sal mon bu reau cab i net
Without labor life is dull, a man useless.
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mo las ses mus tard mut ton grease sir up
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starch sau sa ges va nil la vin e gar al mond
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cheap ly cin na mon co co nut ko dak auc tion eer
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ma son trow el gran ite auc tion lens
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laun der laun dry knead grid dle lunch eon
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house hold muf fin om e let pas try pro vi sions
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sal ad ca fé canned chow der cus tard
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des sert pro pri e tor res tau rant ap pe tite board er
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ten ant ten e ment a part a part ment va cant
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un der tak er hearse cas ket cof fin cem e ter y
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ac tor the a ter ap plaud au di ence ad mi ral
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en gine en gi neer gen u ine qui et work
REVIEW LIST
On this and the following page are 148 of the 1000 most common words. You have studied all of them. How many can you spell correctly?
spend enjoy awful usual vacation beautiful flight travel rapid trouble entrance importance carried loss fortune empire mayor wait beg engine family favor husband amount human view election clerk though o’clock support does regard escape since which length destroy newspaper daughter answer reply oblige sail cities known several desire nearly sometimes declare engage final terrible surprise period addition employ property select firm region convict private command debate crowd factory publish represent term section relative progress entire president measure famous serve estate remember either important due include running allow position field ledge claim primary result Saturday information whom arrest women present action justice gentleman enclose await wonderful direction forward although prompt attempt whose statement perhaps their written arrange forenoon lose combination avenue neighbor weigh wear entertain salary visitor publication machine toward success drown secure honor promise wreck prepare vessel busy prefer different according education common diamond together article general tomorrow
VOCABULARY FOR THE SIXTH YEAR
aboard accomplish account achieve action actor admiral admission adopt adventures advertise advertisement advise agriculture ahead alcohol allow almond altar altogether ancient anecdotes animated annoy annoyed annual answer apart apartment apothecary apparel appearance appetite applaud applicant application approach apricot argument arise arises arising armor arnica arrest arrival arrive artery asparagus asphalt assembly assistance assistant associate association athlete athletic Atlantic attached attention auction auctioneer audience authority await awaken awful baggage bald ballot banker banner basketful bathing behavior belief believe believing bellows berth beware bishop blessing boarder bomb bore boring bounce bouncing bouquet box bracelet bracket brake bramble breed brief brier British brush buffalo bungalow buoy bureau burglar button cabinet cadet café calico camera cancer candidate canned captive capture career cargo carnation cashier casket catechism caterpillar cavity cedar ceiling celery cemetery ceremony chairman chapel character cheaply chief chisel choir chopped chore chowder Christmas churn cigar cigarette cinder cinnamon circuit cistern citizen claim clapboard clerk clergyman closely cloudy clutch cobweb coconut coffin collect collection combination combine comfort committee company compare comparing complexion conceit concludes conclusion congress constitution consult consume continue contract contractor contradict contradiction convict convince cotton counterfeit county court cramp credit crime croup cruise crutch cucumber cupful curse cushion custard customary damage dancing darkness dawn deaf decay deceit deceitful decisive decision declaration declared declined decorate decoration defeat defend defense defensive dentist departure deposit description deserve design dessert devout diet diploma disaster disease disgrace display dispute district dizzy dodge domestic draft dreadful drought drudge drudgery druggist durable dining earliest echo editor educate education eight elastic elect election empire employer employment enclose endowed engage engine engineer England English enlarge entertainment entrance envied envious envy equality equally equator escape establish esteem event excel excellence excellent excursion exercise exhibit expense expensive experience expression exterior eyebrows fabric fact factory fanciful fancy farewell fashion faucet favorable favorite fearful feature feeling fertilize festival fiber field fiend fierce filter fixture flannel flight florist fluent fluid foeman foliage folks following foolish forehead foreign forever forfeit formal formed former formerly forward foundation foundry fox fragrant freight friction friend frightful frontier fulfill fund funeral furniture gallantly garment gasoline genuine geranium ginger gingham glass gleaming gnaws gossip govern government governor gracious gradually granite grease griddle grief grieve grippe group hailed halibut halt handful handkerchief hasten hastily hearse hearty heifer height hero highway hoist holiday hosiery household hydrant hymn icicle idleness illegal illness immediate impertinence impertinent incline include income industries industrious industry inform information inherit injure innocent inquire insect inspector inspection insure insurance interior introduce introduction invent invention investigation Ireland Irish irregular jacket jeweler journal justice jury kerosene knead kodak launder lawyer legal leisure length lens liquor lobster local locust lodge lofty loss lowered luncheon luxury machinery machinist mackerel magazine mahogany maize majestic majesty manager manner mansion manufacture manufacturer marine marshal mason material maxim mayor measure mechanics medical meeting memorial memory mention merchant mere messenger middle military militia minister mischief miser mocked moderate moist moisture molasses mortar moth motto mournful mourning move muffin musician mustard mutton nation national necessary necessity negro neigh neighbor neither newspaper niece noblest nonsense novelty oath object observe occasion occupation ocean odor offense offensive omelet opinion orchestra ordain organize origin original ornament orphan Pacific palace parish parsnip partner pastry patent pause payment pearl performed perfume permit photographs physic piazza piece pier pierce pirate pitiful pity planned plantation platform play playful pledge plentiful plenty police policy polish political portion posterity potato poultice poultry powerful preserve preserving pretend priest primarily primary principal prison proclaims program promote promotion proof proportion proportioned proprietor proudly provisions publications publish pulse pumpkin punctual purchase puzzle quaint qualify qualities quality quantities quantity quick quiet quotations quotes ramble ramparts raspberries readily ready receipt receive recitation recognize recover refer refuse regulations reign rein rejoice relief relieve religion remedy reminded remove repair represent republic reputation request require rescue resolution resolve respect respond response restaurant retail retire review revolution revolver reward rhubarb ribbon riddle rocket route ruddy ruffle running rural rye sacrifice sailor safety safest salad salmon salute sample sausage scent schedule scorch Scotland Scottish security seize seized select senate sensation separate serene series sermon servant serves service session sew shameful shield shingles shipwreck sickness siege sieve sign signal silence silent silently simple simplicity simplify simply sirup skein sketches sleigh slippers smiling sovereign spangled special spectators spoonful staff starch stature steamer stomach streaming stripes style submit submitting subscribe success suggest suit sunrise sunset superintendent suppose supreme surest switch tablet tackle tailor temperature tenant tenement term thankful theater themselves thermometer thief throat throughout tier tobacco together torch total tour tourist tranquil tranquillity treasure trousers trowel trustful truthful twilight uncover undertaker vacant vaccinate valve vanilla various varnish vary vehicle veil vein velvet veranda vinegar volume voyage vulgar vulgarity wait wakeful waltz watchful welcome welfare weigh weight which wholesale widows wield wireless wish witness work worse worship worst wrapped wreck wrinkle yield yoke