Part 16

Takasago no matsu to ha idzure no ki wo maushi safurafu zo.

_Shite_--

Tadaima kokage wo kiyome safurafu koso Takasago no matsu nite safurahe.

_Waki_--

Takasago Suminoye no matsu ni ahiohi no na ari tausho to Sumiyoshi to ha kuni wo hedateru ni nani tote ahiohi no matsu to ha maushi safurafu zo.

_Shite_--

Ohose no gotoku Kokin no zhiyo ni Takasago Suminoye no matsu mo ahiohi no yau ni oboye to ari. Sarinagara kono zheu ha Tsu no kuni Sumiyoshi no mono kore naru uba koso tausho no hito nare shiru koto araba mausase tamahe.

_Waki_--

Fushigi ya mireba rauzhin no fuufu issho ni ari nagara tohoki Suminoye Takasago no ura yama kuni wo hedatete sumu to ifu ha ika naru koto yaran!

_Tsure_--

Utate no ohose safurafu ya sansenbanri wo hedatsuredomo tagahi ni kayofu kokorodzukahi no imose no michi ha tohokarazu.

_Shite_--

Madzu anzhite mo goran-zeyo!

_Shite tsure_--

Takasago Suminoye no matsu ha hizhiyau no mono dani mo ahiohi no na ha aru zo kashi mashite ya shiyau aru hito to shite toshi hisashiku mo Sumiyoshi yori kayohinaretaru zheu to uba ha matsu morotomo ni kono toshi made ahiohi no fuufu to naru mono wo!

_Waki_--

Ihare wo kikeba omoshiroya. Sate sate saki ni kikoyetsuru ahiohi no matsu no monogatari wo tokoro ni ihioku ihare ha naku ka?

_Shite_--

Mukashi no hito no maushishi ha kore ha medetaki yo no tameshi nari.

_Tsure_--

Takasago to ifu ha zhiyaudai no Manyefushiu no inishihe no gi--

_Shite_--

Sumiyoshi to mausu ha ima kono miyo ni sumi-tamafu Yengi no ohon koto--

_Tsure_--

matsu to ha tsukinu koto no ha no--

_Shite_--

sakaye ha kokon ahionazhi to--

_Shite tsure_--

miyo wo agamuru tatohe nari.

_Waki_--

Yoku yoku kikeba arigataya ima koso fushin haru no hi no.

_Shite_--

hikari yaharagu nishi no umi no--

_Waki_--

kashiko ha Suminoye--

_Shite_--

koko ha Takasago--

_Waki_--

matsu mo irosohi--

_Shite_--

haru mo--

_Waki_--

nodoka ni--

_Ji_--

shikai nami shidzuka nite kuni mo osamaru tokitsu kaze yeda wo narasanu mi yo nare ya ahi ni ohiohi no matsu koso medetakarikere ge ni ya afugite mo koto mo oroka ya kakaru yo ni sumeru tami tote yutaka naru kimi no megumi arigataki.

_Waki_ (_kotoba_)--

Nahonaho Takasago no matsu no medetaki ihare kuhashiku on monogatari safurabe.

_Jikuri_[232]--

Sore saumoku kokoronashi to ha mausedomo kuwazhitsu no toki wo tagahezu yaushyau no toku wo sonahete nanshi hana hazhimete hiraku.

_Shite_ (_sashi_)--

Saredomo kono matsu ha sono keshiki tokoshinahe ni shite kuwayefu toki wo wakazu.

_Ji_--

Yotsu no toki itarite mo issen nen no iro yuki no uchi ni fukaku mata ha shiyoukuwa no iro to kaheri to mo iheri.

_Shite_--

Kakaru tayori wo matsu ga ye no--

_Ji_--

koto no ha gusa no tsuyu no tama kokoro wo migaku tane to narite---

_Shite_--

iki to shi ikeru mono goto ni--

_Ji_--

Shikishima no kaze ni yoru to ka ya.

(_kuse_)?--

Shikaru ni Chiyaunou ga kotoba ni mo uzhiyau hizhiyau no sono kowe mina uta ni mo moruru koto nashi. Saumoku dosha fuusei suwion made bambutsu no komoru kokoro ari. Haru no hayashi no toufuu ni ugoki aki no mushi no hokuro ni naku mo mina waka no sugata narazuya. Naka ni mo kono matsu ha bammoku ni sugurete zhiyu hachi kou no yosohohi sen shiu no midori wo nashite kokon no iro mo mizu Shikwau no on shaku adzukaru hodo no ki nari tote ikoku ni mo honchiyau ni mo bammin kore wo shiyaukwansu.

_Shite_--

Takasago no Wonohe no kane no oto su nari!

_Ji_--

Ake kakete shimo ha okedomo matsu ga ye no ha iro ha onazhi fukamidori tachi-yoru kage no asa yufu ni kakedomo ochiba no tsukisenu ha makoto nari matsu no ha mo chiri usezu shite iro ha naho masaki no kadzura nagaki yo no tatohe narikeru tokiha-gi no naka ni mo na ha Takasago no matsudai no tameshi ni mo ahiohi no matsu zo medetaki.

(_rongi_) _Ji_--

Ge ni na wo yetaru matsu ga ye no oi-ki no mukashi arahashite sono na wo nanori tamahe ya!

_Shite tsure_--

Ima ha nani wo ka tsutsumubeki kore ha Takasago Suminoye no ahiohi no matsu no sei,

_Ji_--

Me oto genzhi kitarikeri.

_Ji_--

Fushigi ya sate ha nadokoro no matsu no kidoku wo arahashite.

_Shite tsure_--

saumoku kokoro nakeredomo--

_Ji_--

kashikoki yo tote--

_Shite tsure_--

kusa mo ki mo--

_Ji_[233]--

Waga ohokimi no kuni nareba itsumade kimi ga yo ni Sumiyoshi ni madzu yukite are nite machi mausan to yufu nami no migiha naru ama no wobune ni uchi norite ohi kaze ni makase tsutsu oki no kata ni ide ni keri ya oki no kata ni ide ni keri.

_Waki_ (_utafu_)--

Takasago ya kono ura fune ni ho wo agete tsuki morotomo ni ide shiho no nami no Ahaji no shima kage ya tohoku Naruwo oki sugite haya Suminoye ni tsuki ni keri tsuki ni keri.

(_ato_) _Shite_--

Ware mite mo hisashiku narinu Sumiyoshi no kishi no himematsu iku yo henuran mutsumashi to kimi ha shirazu ya mizugaki no hisashiki yoyo no kami kagura yoru no tsudzumi no hiyaushi wo sorohete suzushime tamahe miyatsuko-tachi.

_Ji_--

Nishi no umi Awoki ga hara no nami ma yori--

_Shite_--

arahare ideshi kami matsu no haru nare ya nokon no yuki no Asaka-gata.

_Ji_--

Tamamo karu naru kishi kage no--

_Shite_--

shiyaukon ni yorite koshi wo sureba--

_Ji_--

sennen no midori te ni michiteri--

_Shite_--

baikwa wo otte kaube ni saseba--

_Ji_--

zhi getsu no yuki koromo ni ochitsu.

(_rongi_) _Ji_--

Arigata no yekau ya tsuki Sumiyoshi no Kami asobi mi kage wo wogamu arata sa yo.

_Shite_--

Ge ni samazama no mahi-hime no kowe mo sumu nari Suminoye no matsukage mo utsuru naru seigaiha to ha kore naran.

_Ji_--

Kami to kimi to no michi sugu ni Miyako no haru ni yukubeku ha.

_Shite_--

Sore zo genzhiyauraku no mahi--

_Ji_--

sate banzei no--

_Shite_--

womigoromo--

_Ji_--

sasu kahi ni ha akuma wo harahi wosamuru te ni ha zhiyufuku wo idaki senshiu raku ha tami wo nade manzai raku ni ha inochi wo nobu ahiohi no matsu kaze satsusatsu no kowe zo tanoshimu.[234]

_Takasago no ohari._

FOOTNOTES

[227] The text is that of the Yôkyoku Tsûge. The old name, _furuna_, was Ahiohi (grow old together).

[228] A stage direction, it seems to mean, entry in order of actors and songmen (_utahigata_).

[229] Prose recitation.

[230] Description of the Journey, by a member of the chorus? The syntax of this passage and of similar passages that follow is irregular, there is much ellipsis and some inversion. Most probably too the text--if there ever was a settled text--is more or less corrupt. Though the syntax and phrasing is of a rather fragmentary and disjointed character the meaning is not usually hard to get at, if somewhat vague.

[231] This passage, like some others, must be understood metaphorically as well as literally--here, in reference to the age of the tree and that of the speaker. The _sashi_ of _shitesashi_ seems to indicate a coming forward or interruption by the protagonist. _Rongi-ji_ is a sort of dialogal chorus, and _kuse_, a statement of the precept or argument of the _utahi_, made by one of the chorus.

[232] Chorus again.

[233] From this point the verse is irregular.

[234] Poetized prose.

MAKURA KOTOBA

A list of all the Makura kotoba contained in the Manyôshiu.

Brief explanations only are given, sufficient to suggest the meaning which can never be strictly defined.

In the companion volume of Translations a short essay on the Makura kotoba will be found, and in the notes to the Translations some of the more difficult or interesting examples are discussed.

The figures denote some of the long lays in which the m. k. to which they are attached are employed. The literal renderings are of the characters, read _mana_, with which the m. k. are more often written--but not so in all cases. Of many of the m. k. the meanings are, and must remain conjectural.

Place-names are thus indicated (pl. n.).

=adzusayumi=, bow of white-wood (Catalpa, Prunus?); applied to _hiki_ (draw); compounds of _hiki_; _-- hiki-toyokuni_ = _hiki-toyomu-kuni_ (resounding land); _-- Yora no yama he_, _Yora_ hill, _yora_ resembling _yoru_ (night-time when twang of bow more distinct); _-- suwe ha yorinemu_ (at the end will rest--end = bow-end); _-- suwe_ (end); _-- haru_ (stretch or bend, as bow); _-- oto_ sound (as twang of bow), 3, 29, 31, 104.

=agakokoro=, my heart or feelings; used with following place-names, Kiyosumi no ike, Akashi no ura, Tsukushi no yama. The application is obvious, 199.

=Ahajishima=, Awaji island; applied by sound-quibble to _ahare_, alas! oh!

=Ahashimano=, millet-island; applied to _awazhi mono_, one who is not met--_zh_ is _sh_ voiced.

=ajimurano=, like flock of teal (Anas formosa); _-- sawaku_, make noise like flock of teal, 54.

=ajinosumu=, where teal resort; _-- Susa no irije_ (creek); _ajisahafu_, where teal are abundant, 26; with _mure_ (crowd) or _me_ (contraction of _mure_) confer _umasahafu_, 68.

=akahoshi=, red-star, Venus, bright-star; _-- akuru ashita_, bright-star-morrow’s-daybreak.

=akanesasu=, red-wort-dyed, madder-red or ruddy, comely; _-- hi_ (sun),--_hiru_ (noon); _-- tereru tsukuyo_ (bright moonlight night); _-- murasaki_ (purple); _-- kimi_ (lord), 24, 154, 240.

=akarabiku= (_aka wo hiku_), ruddy, rosy; with _hi_ (sun); _shikitahe no ko_ (pretty young girl); _kimi_ (lord); _hada_ (naked skin), 59--in this and preceding m. k. _ra_ and _ne_ may have same value.

=akihagino=, like autumnal bush-clover (Lespedeza), 119, 201; _shinahite aramu_, bending like --.

=akikashiha=, like autumn oak; or ‘vendible oak’ (_aki_); applied to _uru_, sell, of Uruha River.

=akikazeno=, like autumn wind; _-- Yamabuki no se_, course of the Yamabuki river; applies to _buki_ (_fuki_, blow) of _yamabuki_ (Kerria Japonica); _-- chiye no ura_--(_chi_ taken as = _shi_, breath, _kaze_ being _kami shi_, God’s breath).

=akikusano=, like autumn grass; _-- musubishi himo_, knotted girdle, but _musubi_ also means produce, as a plant produces fruit.

=akinohano=, like autumn leafery; _-- nihohi ni tereru_ (--abundantly shine), 250.

=akitsushima=, Island of Ripe Ears _or_ Dragonfly-shaped Island;--Yamato, 2, 141.

=akiyamano=, like autumnal hills; _-- shitaberu imo_ (little sister delicate as fading sprays on an autumn hill-side); _-- iro natsukashiku_, play on _iro_, colour (of autumn), and _iro_, term of endearment, added to _natsukashiku_, lovely.

=amadzutafu=, sky-climb; _-- hi_ (sun); _-- irihi_ (setting sun); _Higasano ura_, 17.

=amagomori=, rain-hidden; applied to Mikasa Hill (Cloud- or Mist-capped Hill).

=amakazofu=, meaning not clear, perhaps sky-fathoming; used with _oho_, great, vast, or _ohoyoso_, universal?

=amakumono=, like sky-cloud; used with _tayutafu_ (drift); _yukura yukura_, _yuki no manimani_, _yukikaheri_, all involving idea of motion to and fro, driftingly, &c. Also to _okuka mo shirazu_, unknowing term or end; _tadoki mo shirazu_, helpless; _yoso_, any- or somewhere else; _wakareshi yuku_, depart and go, 22, 25, 37, 45, 48, 57, 58, 62.

=Amanohara=, the sky-plain; _-- Fujiye_, _Fuji-san_, as piercing the sky.

=amateruya=, heaven-shine-Oh! applied to _hi_ (sun).

=amatobuya=, sky fly-Oh!; used with _karu_ (mallard?), 27.

=amatsumidzu=, sky-water, i.e. rain; used with _afugite matsu_, looking up to the sky as when hoping for rain, 22, 234.

=amazakaru=, heaven-distant; applied to _hina_, frontier-land, 9, 55, 213.

=amenimasu=, seated in heaven; used with _tsukuyomi wotoko_, God of the moon.

=amoritsuku=, descend-from-heaven-upon; used with _Ame-_ or _Kami-no Kaguyama_ (Mt. Kagu), 33.

=arahikinu=, cleansed vestment; used with name, Torikahi River; _torikahi_ = change (clean for soiled garment).

=arakakino=, rough fence; used with _yoso_, elsewhere, without.

=ararenasu=, hail-like; used with _sochi yori kureba_, as if the hail came from _sochi_, there--a curiously far-fetched application.

=arareutsu=, hail-beaten; used with Arare, place-name.

=arataheno=, coarse or unprepared stuff; used with Fuji (Wistaria, fibres of which made a coarse cloth) as part of place-names, Fujiwi, Fujiye, &c., 13, 14, 21.

=aratamano=, afresh, anew, future?; applied to _toshi_ (years), _tsuki_ (months), _ki-he_, pass on, pass, elapse, 48, 49.

=Arichigata=, place-name; used as sound-quibble with _ari_.

=arikinuno=, fresh or fine garment; used by sound quibble with _arite arite nochi ni mo ahazarame ya mo_; here _arite_ = _ari-ari_ = real existence; with Mihe (place-name, lit. threefold), according to Motowori the ‘three’ refer to outer, inner, and middle garment; with _sawi-sawi_ (_shidzumi_), rustling (of dress against dress), tranquillity; _sawe sawe_, similar sense; with _takara_, treasure, K. xcix.

=Arimasuge=, Arima sedge; sound-quibble with _ari_.

=arisomatsu=, shore pine; used with the homophon _matsu_ (wait), as in _arisomatsu a wo matsu kora_, Oh, the pine by the shore! there the maid pines for me!

=arisonami=, shore-waves; by sound-quibble used with _arite_ for _ari-arite_.

=asagirino=, like morning mist; _-- ohi ni ahimishi_, indistinctly seen as in morning mist. So with _omohi-madohite_, _midaruru kokoro_, heart disordered and distracted with love, 224.

=asahinasu=, like morning sun; _-- maguhashi mo_, as morning sun so bright and lovely.

=asahisashi=, direction towards morning sun; _-- magirahashi mo na_ (confused, dazzled as by rays of morning sun); _-- so-gai ni miyuru_, seen where back turned on rays of morning sun, 222, see Gloss. _sogahi_.

=asahisasu=, morning-sun-impinge; _-- kasuga_ (spring day brilliant as morning-sun).

=asajihara=, reed plain--with _tsubara, tsubara_ (minutely) because of identity in sound (_hara-bara_); with _wonu_, little moor, because of signification; and with _chifu_, place where _chi_ reeds grow, because of identity of _ji_ and _chi_ (voiced).

=asakahono=, like the morning-glory; _-- ho ni ha sakidenu_, burst out in bloom like the m. g.

=asakami no=, morning-hair; _-- omohi-midarete_, thoughts as tangled as morning-hair (after sleep), 60.

=asakasumi=, mist of dawn; _-- yahe yama_, many-fold (as of mists) hills; _-- kabi_ (fire to decoy deer or chase mosquitoes as seen on misty mornings); _-- honoka_, dimly as in mist (or _kabi_ (_kahi_) may = _kirahi_, be misty).

=asamoyoshi=, like hempen vestment, smock; _-- ki_ (homophon of _ki_, put on, don), 24, 57, 183, 213.

=asashimono=, like morning hoar frost; _-- kenaba kenu gani_; _-- ke yasuki inochi_; _kenubeku no miya_, as passing, evanescent, as hoar-frost.

=asatorino=, morning birds; _-- kayohasu kimi_, my lord passing early as morning birds fly; _-- ne nomi nakitsutu_, while filling the air with cries like morning birds.

=asatsuyuno=, like morning dew; used as _asashimono_.

=ashibinasu=, like _ashibi_, flowerage; _-- sakayeshi kimi_ (my lord brilliant as bloom of Ashibi, Andromeda sp.).

=ashigachiru=, reed-scatter; applied to Naniha as a reedy place.

=ashiharano=, reed-plain, used with Yamato or Midzuho no kuni, 133, 147, 227.

=ashihikino=, a difficult word, one meaning assigned is _ashi-hiki_, foot-dragging (wearisome), another is _ashi-hiki-ki_, an enclosure (defence work), reached with toil (steep, &c.), another _ikashi-hi-ki_, flourishing _hi_ (Chamaecyparis) trees--the Kogi seems to accept the last. Applied to _yama_ (hill), _wonohe_ (top of a hill), _yatsuwo_ (_yama tsu wo_, hill-top), _ko no ma_ (clump of trees), _ihane_ (rocky peak), _arashi_ (mountain wind), _wotemokonomo_ (this and that hill slope), 49, 50.

=Ashihoyama=, name of a hill in Hitachi; applied by sound-quibble to _ashigaru_, reed-_karu_ (sort of mallard?).

=ashikabino=, plumy-reed-top-like; _-- a nayamu_ or _ana yamu_, bending, or feeble, like reed-top.

=ashikakino=, reed-hedge or fence; _-- furinishi sato_, (ancient home); _-- omohi-midare_ (thoughts tangled as reeds in hedge); _-- hoka_ (outside), the fence being limit between interior and exterior of the compound, 123, 155, 240.

=ashinoneno=, like root of reed; applied by sound-quibble to _nemokoro_, earnest, _ne_, as homophon, meaning root.

=ashinoure= = _ashikabi no_.

=ashitadzuno=, like reed-birds; _-- ne nomi shi nakayu_ (screaming like reed-birds); _-- ana tadzutadzushi_, oh how uncertain (is this road--as in the dark), here as sound-quibble.

=atekawoshi= (_ajikawoshi_ = _ajikayoshi_, the meaning of _ajika_ unknown); by sound-quibble applied to Chika no saki (place-name).

=awayukino=, like foam and snow; used with _kihe_ (_ke_), pass away, vanish, or with words connoting evanescence.

=awohatano=, like a green banner; perhaps a corruption of _aya hata_, pattern-stuff banner; used with Kadzuraki (place-name); _-- kadzura_, chaplet,--and with Osaka (little pass), name of a hill, _osaka_ being compared with _osoki_ (_osohi-ki_), outer vestment (_uhagi_), 55, 190.

=awokumono=, like dark cloud or clouds, regarded as made up of piled _white_ clouds; hence used with _shiro_ white, also with _ideko_, come forth (as a cloud does); _-- ideko_, 186; _wagimo_, come forth as the piled clouds; come forth, my love!

=awomidzura=, a much disputed word; _midzura_ may be _kami tsura_, parted hair, and _awo midzura_, a chaplet of green spray (Kadzura, &c). It is used with the place-name Yosami no hara (probably Plain of cold nights), _yosami_ being taken as _yose-ami_, woven together (as the chaplet would be).

=awoniyoshi= (a much disputed word), used only with Nara--_yoshi_ is exclamative, _yo shi_. The characters employed mean ‘green earth’--(or ‘fine earth’?).--Nara is connected with _narasu_, to make level, so _awoniyoshi Nara no miyako_ might mean the Capital (or Palace), erected on well-levelled fine ground, _-- narasu_ or _fumi-narasu_, trample level; see also K. lviii, 7, 9, 15, 24, 137. Nara also means ‘oak-tree’ and the m. k. might refer to its greenery.

=awoyagino=, like green willow sprays; used with place-name Kadzuraki (Kadzura = Chaplet); also with Hararo (name of river), by sound-quibble with _haru_, stretch up (as the young willow shoot does rapidly); also with _mayone_, as in _-- kuhashi mayone_, eyebrows (of girl), beautiful as the bending willow spray. It is also used with _ito_, thread, with allusion to the slender drooping branches.

=chichinomino=, like the fruit of the maidenhair tree; used by sound-quibble with _chichi_ (father), 262.

=chidorinaku=, where dotterels cry; used as descriptive m. k. _of_ rivers, as Saho and Yoshinu.

=chihayaburu=, thousand-rock-smashing, or thousand-swift-brandishing; with _Kami_ (god); Uji (name of ferry--the application is obscure, possibly through _uji_, clan or family); Kane (name of headland), as a place where the waves beat roughly on the rocks, 24, 59, 204, 225, 263; _chi_ may also = _te_, handle, hilt.

=chihayahito=, much the same application as _chihayaburu_, q.v.

=chirihijino=, like dust and dirt; m. k. of _kadzu ni mo aranu_, of no account, i.e. mankind.

=fujikoromo=, vestment made of cloth of Wistaria fibre; m. k. of _ma_, _tohoku_ (here used as = coarse-meshed, coarse-woven); of _naru_ = _nareru_, be accustomed to (wear).

=fujinamino=, a wave or festoon of Wistaria blossom; m. k. of _omohi matsuhari_, love-enveloped as by a mass of Wistaria flowers.

=fukamiruno=, like deep-sea weed (Codium sp.?); m. k. by sound-quibble with _fuka_ (deep); with _mi_, _miru_ (see), in compounds chiefly, 17, 172, 173.

=funehatsuru=, where a ship ends voyage at; m. k. of Tsushima in Korean straits.

=furukoromo=, old soiled garment; after cleansing it was beaten (_mata uchi_); hence used as m. k. of Matsuchi (hill-name); also of _utsu_ in _utsuteshi_ (_uchi-suteshi_), 89.

=furuyukino=, like falling snow; m. k. of _ke_ (pass away, vanish); of _shirokami_ (white hairs); by sound-quibble of _yuki_ (go); of _ke_, _kihe_ (elapse); _shiki_ (spread); _ichishiroku_ (conspicuous).

=fuseyataki=, burning down a hut; m. k. of _susushi_, sooty, 125.

=fusumachiwo=, draw a coverlet or rug over one?; hence m. k. of _hiku_ (draw); in Hikite (hill-name), _chi_, perhaps = _te_.

=fuyukomori=, winter-prisoned; m. k. of _haru_, spring, 6, 24, 43.

=hafukuzuno=, like creeping _kuzu_ (Pueraria); applied to what is interminable, indefinitely long, 46.

=hafutsutano=, like creeping ivy; hard to strip off, so applied to _wakaru_, separate, part (one from another), 123, 166.

=hahasobano=, lit. like _hahaso_, oak (or leaf thereof). _Hahaso_ is Quercus dentata. But by sound-quibble it is used as m. k. of _haha_, mother (or _haha-soba_, mother’s side).

=hahomameno=, like _hahomame_ (?); used with _karamuru kimi_, my lord whom I embrace (_hahomame_ must be a leguminous? creeper of some sort, as its name indicates).

=hamahisaki=, lit. shore Catalpa, but not identified. There is a _hamahisakaki_ (Eurya chinensis). Used, by sound-quibble, with _hisashiku_, for a long time.

=hamasudori=, shore-birds, wild duck, goose, &c., which waddle about as though lame; hence used with _ana yumu_ = _ana yamu_ = foot-waddle (_ashi nayamu_?).

=hanachirafu= (_hanachiru_), scattering and falling of blossoms; used with _aki_ (autumn); with _kono_ (_ko_ taken as = _ki_, tree), _muka tsu wo_, these ridges opposite (where the tree blossoms are falling?); reference to a peak in Ômi called Wonanowo.

=hanaguhashi=, florescence-fine; m. k. of _ashi_ in _ashigaki_, reed-fence.

=hanakatsumi=, like victorious flower, a kind of iris (_Kamayama ayame_?); used with _katsute mo shiranu_, never known before, beyond anything known.

=hanezuirono=, like _hanezu_ colour (red); m. k. of _utsurofu_, change, fade.

=haruhanano=, spring blossoms; m. k. of _tafutoki_ (splendid), _utsurohi_ (fade, change), _iya medzurashi_ (more and more beautiful), _nihohe_ (flourish), _sakari_ (blossom).

=haruhiwo=, a spring day (or sun); used with _kasuga_, a spring day (_kasumi ka_, misty day), 41, 92.

=harukasumi=, spring mist; m. k. of _kasuga_ (spring day); used with _wi_ (well), as homophon of _wi_, rest, hover (as mists do); with _obo ni shi ’mohaba_, if I think indistinctly.

=harukazeno=, like winds in spring; with _oto_ (murmur of the winds).

=harukusano=, like spring plants; m. k. of _medzurashi_ (beautiful); _shigeki_ (abundant).

=harukusawo=, spring grass; used with _uma kahi_, horse-feed.

=harutorino=, like birds in spring; used with _samayohi_ (wander hither and thither); _kowe no samayohi_ (cry heard in all directions); _-- ne naki_ (cry and scream), 24.

=haruyamano=, like hills of spring; in which the leaves of the trees in spring being young droop; m. k. of _shinahi_ (bend, droop); of _obo_, indistinct, alluding to thick foliage and mists of spring.

=haruyanagi=, spring-willow; applied to _kadzura_, which is compared with the long drooping thready willow-spray showing its florescence in spring-time?

=hashimukafu=, vis-a-vis, like chopsticks; so brothers may be said to stand; or mutually affectionate (_hashi_), as brothers ought to be; m. k. of _oto_, younger brother, 123.

=hashitateno=, like a ladder, m. k. of _kura_ (storehouse), in composition or simply as sound-quibble; of _kumaki_ for _kumiki_, timber put together for house-building (some say _kumaki_ is bear-palisade (to keep out bears)); of _sakashiki_ (steep).

=hatsuhanano=, like opening first blossom; used with _haru_ (spring); _chiru_ (wither and fall).

=hatasusuki=, a tall plumy swaying reed, Miscanthus sinensis; applied to things conspicuous, as blossoming, blooming, flourishing, or to a top or upper bloom (_ura_, _ure_), or to words containing above by composition, quibble-wise, or otherwise.

=hayakahano=, like swift stream; used with _yukuhe mo shirazu_ (unknowing future course), 157.

=hikarukami= (written dazzling god), lightning; used by word-quibble with _Narihata wotome_, the girl Narihata (_nari_ = thunder,--_nari hatataku_, roll of thunder).

=hikuamino=, like drawing-net; also error for _nihotori_; used with _nadzusahi komu_ (will come swimming or floating).

=himokagami=, m. k. of Notoka (hill-name). The explanation given is that _himo_ is the cord by which the _kagami_ (mirror) was hung up, and _notoka_, a corruption of _na toki_, do not unfasten (because my lover is coming), _kimi kimaseru ni himo akezu namu_.

=himonowono=, the cord or girdle that ties a vestment; as a m. k. of _kokoro_, the allusion is to the tying of knots in such fastenings by lovers to mark fidelity; of _itsugari-ahite_, as meaning leading in the bonds of love.

=hinakumori=, either _hi no kumori_ (clouded sun) or _hita kugumoru_, quite overclouded; the light then becomes _usui_ (thin or dim)--to _usui_ the m. k. is applied.

=hinomotono=, sun-source; m. k. of Yamato. [Is this m. k. a translation of _Nihon_ or the reverse?]

=hisakatano=. A difficult word, variously written. It may mean a long time or long ago, sunshine-source (Br.), gourd-shaped (inversely-concave, _hisaokata_). A m. k. of _ame_ (heaven); _ame_ (rain), _tsuki_ (moon); Miyako (City-Royal--the heavenly place, as residence of Mikado). See 22, 24, 25, 32, 34, 42, 45, 51, 62, 68.

=hotarunasu=, like firefly; m. k. of _honoka_, dim (fireflies being visible enough, but in their quick motion indistinct), 196.

=hototogisu=, cuckoo-bird; m. k. of Tobata (name of a bay), _tobu hata_ (fly-flag); of _hotohoto_ (noise of knocking--at door by or of mistress), as sound-quibble.

=ihabashino=, stepping-stones-like; used with _chikaki_ (near--as stepping-stones are close together); also _tohoki naku_, not distant, or rocks connected by slight bridges.

=ihabashiru=, swirl among rocks; used with Tarumi, place-name (descending water); _tagi_ (cascade or rapids); Afumi (_aha-umi_, foam-water), or Lake Ômi (Biwa); Kamunabi (_kami-nari-buri_), thunder = noise of falling water, 9, 13, 134.

=ihafuchino=, like pool (of river), rock-enclosed; used with _komori_, seclude, enclose.

=ihahonasu=, rock- or cliff-like; used with _tokiha_, everlasting, comp. everlasting hills.

=ihahosuge=, rock-growing sedge; used with _ne_ (root), of _nemokoro_ (earnestly), a word-play.

=ihakuyeno=, rock-crumbling; through similarity of sound with _kuyu_ (_koyu_), cross.