CHAPTER XVII.

Lines—Western Settlement, 1783—Population—Settlement upon St. Lawrence and Bay—Number, 1784—Proclamation to Loyalists—Society disturbed—Two kinds of Loyalists—St. Lawrence and Bay favorable for settlement—Government provisions—State of the Loyalists— Serving out rations—Clothes—Utensils for clearing and fencing— The axe—Furniture—Attacking a last enemy—Tents—Waiting for their lots—“Bees”—Size of dwellings—Mode of building—Exchanging work— Bedsteads—Clearing—Fireing trees—Ignorance of pioneer life— Disposing of the wood—No beast of burden—Logging—Determination— All settlers on a common ground—Additional refugees—Advance— Simcoe’s proclamation, 1792—Conditions of grants—The response— Later settlers—Questionable Loyalists—Yankees longing for Canada—Loyalty in 1812 181

DIVISION IV.

THE FIRST YEARS OF UPPER CANADA.