CHAPTER XXXI.

THE UTENSILS USED IN THE TOILET.

In the toilet, besides combs and hair brushes, use is made of powder puffs, tooth brushes, and bath sponges. Powder puffs are made from swan skins, but should be used rather for the even division of the powder or paint than for its application. For the latter purpose a piece of soft glove or chamois leather is best.

The commercial tooth brushes are almost without exception objectionable owing to the stiffness of the bristles. A suitable tooth brush should be made of very soft, flexible bristles, lest it wear away the enamel.

Particular attention should be devoted to bath sponges. Their value is proportionate to the fineness of the pores, their softness and elasticity, and their spherical shape. Crude sponges are best cleansed by being placed in dilute hydrochloric acid which dissolves the calcareous particles adhering to them.

They are bleached as follows.

Free them as far as possible from sand and other foreign matters. Then wash them thoroughly with water, and press them. Next introduce them into a solution of permanganate of potassium containing one ounce of the salt in a gallon; leave them in this liquid two or three minutes; then take them out, express the liquid (which can be several times used over again), wash them with water until no more violet-tinted liquid runs from them, and then immerse them in a solution of one part of hyposulphite of sodium in twenty parts of water, to which immediately before dipping the sponges one part of hydrochloric acid has been added. When the sponge’s are white, remove them and wash them thoroughly with water.

After prolonged use, bath sponges lose their elasticity and softness. These properties can be restored by dipping the sponges into a mixture of one part by measure of glycerin and eight parts of water, pressing out the excess of the liquid and allowing them to dry. The small quantity of glycerin which they contain prevents their hardening.

INDEX.

À la mode perfume, 186

Absorption, 101

Acacia farnesiana, 26

Acetic ether, 80

Acid, acetic, 76 benzoic, 74 carbonic, apparatus, 112 carbonic, for absorption of odors, 102 perfumes, 202 pyrogallic, 84 salicylic, preservation of fats by, 79

Acorus Calamus, 50

Adulteration of essential oils with alcohol, 144 of essential oils with fixed oils, 144 of essential oils with other essential oils, 143 of essential oils with paraffin, spermaceti, or wax, 145

Adulterations of essential oils and their recognition, 139

Alcohol, 63 absolute, manufacture of, 68 amyl, 71 percentage tables of, 70 source of, influence on perfumes, 72

Alcoholometer, Tralles’, 69

Alkanet, 299

Alloxan, 73, 274

Allspice, 21

Allspice, essence of, 159

Almond and honey paste, 234 balls, 244 cold-cream, 243 cream, 230 meal, 234 paste, simple, 233

Almonds, bitter, 24 sweet, 50

Aloysia citriodora, 54

Amandes amères, 24

Amandes douces, 50

Amandine, 230

Ambergris, 57 tincture of, 151

Ambra grisea, 57

Ammonia, 73 carbonate of, 74

Ammoniacal perfumes, 199

Amygdala amara, 24 dulcis, 50

Amyl alcohol, 71

Ananas, 44

Ancients, perfumery among the, 2

Andropogon citratus, 30, 35 laniger, 30 muricatus, 30, 54 Nardus, 29 Schoenanthus, 30

Aneth, 31

Anethum graveolens, 31

Animal substances used in perfumery, 57

Anise, 21

Anti-Odorin, 278

Apple ether, 81

Aromatic substances, division of, according to their origin, 8 substances in general, 6 substances, relative strength of, 7 substances, special characteristics of, 118 substances, vegetable, chemical constitution of, 15 substances, vegetable, employed in perfumery, 20 vinegar, 203 waters, 113, 167

Aspic, 35

Attar of rose, 133

Auricome, 291

Badiane, 48

Baguettes encensoires, 216

Baisers du printemps, 170

Balm, 22

Balsamodendron Kafal, 41 Myrrha, 39

Balsamum peruvianum, 43 tolutanum, 51

Bandolines, 296

Barium sulphide, 293

Baume de Milan pour les cheveux, 283 du Pérou, 43 de Tolou, 51

Bay rum, 284 sweet, 22 West Indian, 22

Beard producer, 284 wax, 295

Bear’s-grease pomade, 250

Beef-marrow pomade, 251

Benjoin, 23

Benzene, 66

Benzin, 66

Benzoated oil, 255

Benzoic acid, 74 acid, sublimed, manufacture of, 75

Benzoin, 23 and benzoic acid, use of, for preventing rancidity of fats, 79 pomade, 248 tincture of, 151

Benzol, 66

Bergamot, 24 essence of, 152

Bisamkörner, 38

Bismuth, subnitrate of, 86

Bismuth white, 86, 271

Bisulphide of carbon, 66

Bitter almond, essence of, 152 almond milk, 238 almonds, 24

Black color, 301

Blanc de bismuth, 86 de perles, 86, 278 français, 271 perle liquide, 271

Bleu végetal pour les veines, 273

Blossom pomade, 250

Blue colors, 300

Bois de camphre, 25 de cèdre, 27 de rose, 45

Borated tooth powder, 262 tooth tincture, 266

Borax, 75

Bouquet à la maréchale, 186 cosmopolite, 180 court, 173 d’Andorre, 171 de Chypre, 172 de fleurs, 172 de flore, 176 de la cour, 171 de l’Alhambra, 169 de l’amour, 169 de Stamboul, 194 d’Esterhazy, 173 de Virginie, 195 des chasseurs, 171 des délices, 172 d’Irlande, 177 du Bosphore, 171 du Japon, 178 heliotrope, 194 leap-year, 184 Royal Horse-Guard’s, 177

Bouquets, manufacture of, 167

Brillantines, 296

Bromelia Ananas, 44

Brown color, 301

Bruges ribbons, 219

Buckingham flowers, 170

Cachous aromatisées, 263

Cajuput leaves, 25

Calamus, essence of, 152

Calcium sulphide, 292

Camphor, 121 balls, 241

Camphor cold-cream, 240 ice, 240 wood, 25

Camphorated chalk tooth powder, 262 Cologne water, 266

Canelle, 27

Cantharidal pomade, 248

Cantharides, tincture of, 281

Caramel, 301

Carbon, bisulphide of, 66

Carbonate of ammonia, 74

Carbonic acid apparatus, 112 acid for absorption of odors, 102

Carmine, 299

Carthamin red, 299

Carum Carvi, 25

Carvi, 25

Caryophylli, 30

Caryophyllus aromaticus, 30

Cascarilla bark, 26 gratissima, 26

Cassia, 28

Cassie, 26, 28 extract of, 151

Castor, Castoreum, 58 tincture of, 152

Castor-oil pomade, 252

Cedar, essence of, 152 perfume, 174 tincture of, 152 wood, 27

Cèdre du Libanon perfume, 174

Cedrus libanotica, 27

Ceylon sachet powder, 209

Chalk, prepared, manufacture of, 261 Venetian, 271

Chapped skin, lotion for, 275

Characteristics, special, of aromatic substances, 118

Charcoal objectionable as a tooth powder, 259 tooth powder, 263

Cheiranthus Cheiri, 55

Chemical constitution of vegetable aromatic substances, 15 products used for the preparation of perfumes, 68 products used in perfumery, 63

Chemicals used for the extraction of aromatic substances, 64

Cherry salve, 243

Cherrylaurel leaves, 29

Chèvre-feuille, 33

China rose perfume, 192 roses, extract of, 161

Chinese gelatin, 80 tooth powder, 264

Chloral mouth wash, 267

Chloroform, 6