Part Three contains information for the guidance of the personnel of

the using organizations responsible for the maintenance (1st and 2nd echelon) of this equipment. It contains information needed for the performance of the scheduled lubrication and preventive maintenance services as well as descriptions of the major systems and units and their functions in relation to other components of the equipment.

Section XII SPECIAL ORGANIZATIONAL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

48. SERVICE KIT.

One service kit for portable flame thrower M2-2 will be furnished for each six M2-2 portable flame throwers. The kit includes tools, equipment, and spare parts for second echelon maintenance and for pressure-tank charging. Adjustable wrenches may be included in place of the plain-end wrenches listed. Numbers listed with items are Chemical Warfare Service stock numbers. Approximate contents are as follows:

_a. Tools._

1 Screwdriver, cabinet, 4-1/2-inch blade length, 3/16-inch blade diameter, H22-50-13. (Fig 8)

1 Screw driver, common, 6-inch blade length, 5/16-inch blade diameter, H22-50-6. (Fig 8)

2 Wrenches, hex, 3/16 inch across flats (for 3/8-inch socket-head set screws), H22-49-91.

2 Wrenches, hex, 1/8 inch across flats (for 1/4-inch socket-head set screws), H22-49-12. (Fig 8)

1 Wrench, valve-adjusting, assembly A81-6-48. (Fig 8)

1 Wrench, heavy “S”, 1-3/8-inch and 1-1/2-inch openings, 12 inches approx length, H22-49-113. (Fig 8)

1 Wrench, engineers’, double head, 3/4-inch and 7/8-inch openings, 9 inches approx length, H22-49-115. (Fig 8)

1 Wrench, heavy “S”, 1-3/8-inch and 1-3/4-inch openings, 12 inches approx length, A81-6-49. (Fig 8)

1 Wrench, engineers’, single head, 1-1/8-inch opening, 10-1/2 inches approx length, H22-49-31. (Fig 8)

1 Wrench, adjustable, single end, 6 inches approx length (crescent-type), H22-49-67. (Fig 8)

_b. Accessories and spare parts._

1 Line, filling, pressure cylinder, assembly C81-3-4. (Fig 23)

1 Hose, flexible, assembly E81-3-6. (Fig 24)

2 Lines, charging, pressure cylinder, assembly B81-3-29. (Fig 23)

1 Tank and valve, pressure, assembly (less shaft and handle) B81-1-374. (Fig 33)

1 Shaft, flexible, valve, assembly E81-1-470. (Fig 33)

1 Handle, valve, A81-1-473. (Fig 33)

1 Nut, machine-screw, hex, 5/16-inch, 24NF-2, H22-93-55. (Fig 33)

2 Case, spring, assemblies B81-1-444. (Fig 9)

2 Diaphragm, valve, assemblies A81-1-416. (Fig 9)

1 Hose, fuel, flame thrower, M1, assembly B81-1-498. (Fig 48)

2 Plugs, coupling, E81-1-514. (Fig 7)

6 Heads, safety, R81-1-561. (Fig 39)

1 Gage, fuel tank testing, assembly E81-6-57. (This assembly includes a plug drilled, tapped, and fitted with a 0-500-pound pressure gage.)

3 Washers, coupling, A81-1-513. (Fig 9)

2 Cord, cotton, seine, No. 4 hard braided, mildewproof, O.D., (1/8-inch diameter by 25-feet skeins), H100-4-5.

6 Bushings, pipe, head, 3/4 inch by 1/2 inch, (galvanized iron), H98-5-93. (Fig 9)

1 Regulator, pressure, assembly B81-1-438. (Figs 33 and 37)

1 Compound, anti-seize, white lead base, (for threaded fittings) 1/4-pound can, H99-3-12.

2 Gages, pressure cylinder testing, assembly B81-6-90. (Fig 32)

1 Catalog CW7-440114, Army Service Forces, “Portable Flame Thrower M2-2.”

1 Technical Manual 3-376A, “Portable Flame Thrower M2-2.”

[Illustration: Fig 31. Lubrication order.

To requisition a replacement Lubrication Order address Office of the Chief, Chemical Warfare Service, Washington 25, D. C.

NOT TO BE REPRODUCED in whole or in part without permission of the Office of the Chief, Chemical Warfare Service.

NO. 4001

----------- KEY -----------

+-------------------------+-------------------------+ | LUBRICANTS | INTERVALS | +-------------------------+-------------------------+ | | | | CG-GREASE, | 1-AFTER EACH MISSION | | GENERAL PURPOSE | 6-AFTER SIX MISSIONS | | NO. 1 (ABOVE + 32°F) | OR MORE OFTEN | | NO. O (BELOW + 32°F) | | | | | +-------------------------+-------------------------+

THIS ORDER IS TO BE FASTENED TO INSIDE LID OF FLAME THROWER PACKING CHEST.

Copy of this Lubrication Order will remain with the equipment at all times; instructions contained therein are mandatory and supersede all conflicting lubrication Instructions dated prior to =5 MAY 1944=

By order of the Secretary of War:

G. C. Marshall, Chief of Staff.

Official:

J. A. Ulio, Major General, The Adjutant General.]

Section XIII LUBRICATION

49. LUBRICATION.

_a. Gun group._ War Department Lubrication Order No. 4001 (Fig 31) shows the parts which require lubrication, the lubricants, and the intervals.

(1) _Lubricants._ Grease, general purpose, No. 1 is used, except for temperatures below freezing, when grease, general purpose. No. 0 is used. The bearing surfaces should be lightly coated with the grease.

(2) _Frequency of lubrication._ The surfaces of the ignition-head body which touch the spring case should be lubricated after each use of the weapon. Other parts are lubricated after six firing missions, six training sessions, or oftener. All should be thoroughly cleaned (Pars 52, 55, and 56) with gasoline, dry cleaning solvent, or other solvent, then dried before lubrication. If the gun is disassembled for any other reason, it should be lubricated before reassembly.

(3) _Records._ To ascertain when six missions have been fired, a record of firing (Par 2) should be kept with each flame thrower.

_b. Tank group._ The tank group ordinarily requires no lubrication. However, it may under the following exceptional circumstances:

(1) If the tank group has been immersed in water for several hours, the flexible shaft of the pressure valve may have lost its lubricant. If so, remove the shaft (Par 66 _b_) and inspect. If lubricant is not present, as indicated by difficulty of movement after removal, dip the shaft in solvent to clean and then dip in warmed grease, general purpose, No. 1. Replace shaft in valve.

(2) If filling or safety-head plugs (Figs 39 and 40) tend to stick to fuel tanks, apply grease, general purpose, No. 1 (No. 0 if below freezing temperatures) before replacing plugs.

Section XIV PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SERVICES

50. GENERAL

Preventive maintenance services, as prescribed by Army Regulations, are a function of using organization echelons of maintenance. These services consist of:

_a._ Before, during, and after operation services performed by the firers and assistants.

_b._ Scheduled services performed by organizational maintenance personnel (service when filling and charging, and service after six firing missions).

51. BEFORE-OPERATION SERVICE OF TANK GROUP.

The following services are to be performed before filling, charging, and loading the flame thrower with pressure, fuel, and ignition cylinder:

_a. Pressure-tank valve._ Open and close pressure-tank valve to test for ease of operation.

_b. Threaded connections._ Check all threaded connections for tightness, using appropriate wrenches.

_c. Tank coupling._ Examine coupling for cleanliness and ease of movement of lock and cams. (Par 70) Clean if necessary. If washer is broken, replace, using screw driver to pry out.

_d. Plugs._ Check filling plug and safety-head plug for completeness of parts (Par 69 _a_) and cleanliness of threads and seats. Clean, if necessary, with cloth. If rod or rod and chain have broken off and fallen in tank, turn tank upside down and remove. Remove deflector tube from head (using hand, not wrench). Inspect to see if diaphragm is intact. If diaphragm is ruptured, replace the safety head with an unbroken head. (Par 69 b, c) Reassemble plug, head, and deflector tube in left fuel tank. (Fig 11) Tube should face to rear and at a 45-degree angle to operator’s left shoulder. (Fig 18) Screw in deflector tube by hand; do not use wrench on deflector tube. Tighten lock nut with wrench.

_e. Pressure-tank clamp._ The clamp should hold the pressure tank tightly in place. If tank is loose, a wooden splint or wedge under the clamp may be used as a temporary expedient.

_f. Carrier-frame bolts._ Check tightness. Use wrench.

_g. Carrier._ (Par 71) Examine all canvas, webbing, and cord for signs of mildew, rot, or wear. Replace defective parts. Move flame thrower to dryer storage if mildew occurs.

_h. Cord (lashing)._ Check for tightness. If necessary, make tighter and use secure, slip-proof knots. When the tank group is filled with fuel and adjusted on the firer, its weight should be carried chiefly by the canvas and webbing, not by the metal frame.

_i. Shoulder and body straps._ Adjust straps to fit firer. (Pars 19 and 71) A loose tank group can cause discomfort or injury when the wearer changes positions while on a mission. Check presence and condition of the two pins and two cotter pins which hold shoulder straps to steel support. Check fasteners.

52. BEFORE-OPERATION SERVICE OF GUN GROUP.

The following services are to be performed before filling, charging, and loading with pressure, fuel, and ignition cylinder:

_a. Hose nipple, tank end._ Examine to be sure nipple is clean and not badly nicked. If badly nicked, the nipple may not make a tight seal at the tank coupling. A leak and loss of pressure may result. See Paragraph 73 _d_ for repair of the nipple.

_b. Fuel hose._ Examine surface of hose for cracks or other signs of deterioration. Special attention should be paid to portions adjacent to the gun and tank coupling, which are subjected to severe flexing. If hose is defective, replace. (Par 73 _b_, _c_) Do not patch.

_c. Hose nipple, gun end._ Check tightness of threaded connection between hose and fuel-valve body, using hand or very light wrench pressure.

_d. Shield._ Remove ignition shield. Check cleanliness of threads on shield and on ignition-head body. If not clean, use cloth. When reassembling (Par 18 _c_), shield should turn freely until it locks in correct position.

_e. Valve lever and needle._

(1) There should be some play in the valve lever. To test, remove ignition shield. Compress grip safety and valve lever slowly, observing the motion of the valve needle. The valve lever should move approximately 1/16 inch before the needle begins to move.

(2) Valve needle should be seated firmly in the barrel nozzle. After the valve lever is pulled back and released, no play should occur in the needle. For adjustment of needle, see Paragraph 75 _d_.

_f. Screws._ Use screw driver to test tightness of all screws.

_g. Spring retainer and plug._ Check tightness of spring retainer and plug (Fig 47) by using hand or very light wrench pressure.

_h. Ignition head._ All exposed surfaces of the shield, nozzle, needle, and other parts of the ignition head, or adjacent to it, should be clean. If not, use cloth.

_i. Atomizer hole._ With the fuel valve held fully open, insert a fine wire in the atomizer hole of the nozzle to clean the hole. Then use cloth-wrapped splint to remove from the inside of the nozzle any foreign matter pushed through the atomizer hole. If such matter is not removed, it may interfere with the closing of the fuel valve needle at the nozzle. Repeat procedure in _e_ (2) above.

_j. Spring case._ Spring case should turn freely on ignition head. If it does not, clean any grease or dirt from, surfaces with cloth and relubricate. (Par 49)

_k. Trigger._ Pull trigger once or twice to find whether it operates easily and whether it returns to position. If not, clean and lubricate trigger. (Par 49) Check condition of trigger spring.

_l. Trigger rod._ Check position of the trigger rod when trigger is pulled back all the way as when firing. The rod should extend approximately 1/16 inch beyond the end of the lug in the ignition head. If it does not, bend the rod slightly, reverse position of bearing, or replace worn parts.

53. SERVICE WHEN FILLING AND CHARGING.

_a. Inspection of fuel tanks._ Just before filling and charging, remove plugs (Par 69 _b_) and examine interior of fuel tanks to see whether they are clean and free from foreign matter. If not clean, flush with gasoline until clean.

_b. Fuel level._ When filling (Pars 37 through 40), see that fuel reaches the same level in both tanks. If leveling does not occur, the tank connector may be clogged with foreign matter. If so, clean, as in _a_, above. After filling, wipe plug seats with a cloth before replacing plugs. Wipe any spilled fuel from weapon.

_c. Pressure-tank valve._ Before charging the tank group with air or nitrogen, open and close the pressure-tank valve several times by hand to be sure it operates freely. If it does not, adjust as described in Paragraph 66 _d_.

[Illustration: Fig 32. Testing pressure tank and valve, using 0-3,000-pound testing gage from service kit.]

_d. Testing for leaks in pressure system._ After charging, and as few hours as possible before a mission, use an 0-3,000-pound gage furnished in service kit to test pressure. (Fig 32) To install gage, unscrew check-valve cap and screw gage in check-valve body. If pressure has fallen below that to which the tank was charged (Par 32), a leak is indicated. Remove gage, replace check-valve cap, and check for leaks at joints between pressure tank and valve and between tank valve and check valve. (A wrench should be used to tighten cap on check-valve body so as to avoid producing an additional leak.) Large leaks can be felt or heard. Small leaks can be detected by coating joints with soap-and-water solution. Bubbles indicate leaks. If a leak is revealed between pressure tank and pressure-tank valve, or between check valve and pressure-tank valve, replace all three as a unit. If tests do not show up the leak the tank may have been improperly charged. It should be recharged and then retested.

54. SERVICE WHEN FIRING.

_a. Failure to ignite._ Pull trigger repeatedly. If ignition cylinder still fails to ignite, dirt may be wedged in ignition head. Unscrew shield one-half turn. Screw it back, rapping shield with the hand while turning. This should dislodge foreign matter. Pull trigger again. Repeat procedure, if necessary.

_b. Safety head “blows” (breaks)._ If safety head breaks, firing mission cannot be carried out. On return, have head replaced. (Par 69) Follow test procedure. (Par 56 _b_)

55. SERVICE AFTER FIRING.

_a. Unloading._ Remove ignition cylinder (Par 30), close pressure-tank valve, and blow out remaining fuel and pressure. (Par 30)

_b. Removal of equipment._ Release the body straps, then the shoulder straps. If prone, lie on side and allow tank group to roll off onto ground. If standing or kneeling, take care that tank group does not drop on feet or legs.

_c. Correcting or reporting._ Correct any failures or difficulties or report them as soon as possible to service or maintenance personnel.

_d. Gun._ Remove shield (Par 18) and clean interior of shield with cloth. Clean holes in shield with wire or wooden splint. Clean external surfaces of barrel, nozzle, needle, and other parts. Check cleanliness and adjustment of needle. (Par 75 _d_) Check trigger for operation. Lubricate. (Par 49)

_e. Fuel tanks and passages._ Remove plugs (Par 69 _b_). Drain any remaining fuel. Use gasoline to remove residues of thickened fuels before they have a chance to harden and obstruct passages. If necessary, fill tanks with gasoline and allow to stand for several hours, shaking occasionally. Drain and repeat if necessary.

_f. Safety head._ Check head to see if it is ruptured; if it is, replace. (Par 69) Follow test procedure. (Par 56 _b_)

_g. Pressure-tank valve._ If weapon is to be stored, open pressure-tank valve and leave it open until next charging.

_h. Carrier._ Scrub, if necessary, with soap and water, or gasoline.

_i. Exterior metal surfaces._ Scrub exterior metal surfaces clean of fuel to prevent fire hazard. Allow to dry before using again.

_j. General inspection._ Carefully examine all other parts, adjust as necessary, and replace any which are damaged.

56. SERVICE AFTER SIX FIRING MISSIONS.

After the flame thrower has been used on six firing missions or the equivalent in training work, experienced personnel should follow these directions:

_a. Before-operation and after-operation service._ Follow the same procedures as in Paragraphs 52, 53, and 55.

_b. Test firing (or simulated firing)._

(1) If tactical conditions permit test firing at a suitable test range (Par 15), fill the fuel tanks with fuel. (Pars 37 through 40)

(2) If test firing with fuel is impracticable, fill fuel tanks with clean water. (Be sure to dry all parts after test.)

(3) _Remove filling-plug assembly._ (Par 69) Fish out the retainer rod and chain by means of a bent wire.

(4) Do not unscrew the safety-head plug.

(5) Insert the testing plug with 0-to 500-pound pressure gage (plug and gage are from service kit) in the filling-plug opening. Tighten testing plug in seat with wrench.

(6) Fully charge pressure tank. (Par 32)

(7) If test firing with fuel, load ignition cylinder. (Par 18)

(8) Open pressure-tank valve and simultaneously observe pressure in fuel tanks by reading gage. The gage indicates the pressure in both tanks. It should be between 350 and 390 pounds per square inch.

(9) Read the gage at the expiration of not less than 5 minutes. The tanks should have a pressure reading of not more than 390 pounds. If the pressure continues to increase beyond 390 pounds and the safety head blows, replace the safety head and the pressure regulator.

(10) Fire by operating controls (or simulate firing if tanks are filled with water). The burst should last 3 seconds, during which time the pressure should not drop below 260 pounds.

(11) If the pressure does not conform to the requirements stated in (8), (9), and (10), adjust the pressure regulator upward or downward. (Par 67 _d_)

(12) While the above test firing is proceeding, check for leaks at all joints and connections on the tank group. The pressure system should be checked by painting the joints with soap-and-water solution and by looking for bubbles which indicate leaks. For replacement of parts where pressure leaks, see Paragraph 66. Fuel leaks may be seen without soap and water. For repair of fuel leaks, see Paragraph 75 _e_. The nozzle should be observed by removing the ignition shield. Nozzle leaks are corrected by cleaning, adjusting needle (Par 75 _d_), or by regrinding. (Par 75 _e_) If this is not successful, replace both needle and barrel as a unit.

_c. Fuel valve._ Discharge all pressure from the gun by operating the fuel valve. Carefully remove the valve grip and grip support. (Par 74) Look for signs of leakage at the valve diaphragm. If a leak is present, replace valve-diaphragm assembly. (Pars 75 _b_ and 75 _c_)

_d. Valve grip._ Disassemble the valve grip (Par 74) and lubricate. (Par 49)

_e. Carrier._ Tighten the carrier cord.

_f. Gun interior._ If thickened fuel has been fired, disassemble the gun. All parts should be cleaned of accumulations of dried fuel. Lubricate (Par 49) and reassemble. If liquid fuel has been fired, flush gun with clean gasoline. Disassemble only enough to lubricate. Reassemble.

Section XV TROUBLE SHOOTING

57. PRECAUTIONS.

First, remove the ignition cylinder. Then, before disassembling, servicing, or repairing parts which may be under pressure, be sure to release the pressure. Remove fuel, when necessary.

58. FUEL LEAKS.

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ _a._ Defective or damaged If leak is observed in valve grip, valve-diaphragm assembly. disassemble. (Par 74) If diaphragm is torn, or damaged in any other way, remove and replace. (Par 75)

_b._ Defective threaded Disconnect, using wrenches. If connections on fuel lines. thread is stripped or badly damaged, replace the threaded part. If threads appear to be sound, clean them and reconnect. If leak is between tank coupling and tank connector or between hose and fuel-valve body, apply anti-seize compound before rescrewing. Tighten joint with wrenches.

_c._ Dirt or foreign matter Clean parts carefully with cloth before on seats or threads. reassembling.

_d._ Leak at nozzle. Adjust needle. (Par 75 _d_) If leak persists, either replace needle and barrel as a unit or use lapping compound on parts. Turn needle in seat until parts make a tight connection when seated. Remove lapping compound and reassemble.

_e._ Worn body of hose. Replace fuel-hose assembly. (Par 73)

_f._ Leak at tank coupling. Remove and replace coupling washer if damaged. (Par 70) If hose nipple, tank end, is damaged, repair nipple (Par 73 _d_) or replace fuel-hose assembly.

59. SAFETY HEAD “BLOWS” (BREAKS).

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ _a._ Defective safety head. Replace with new safety head. (Par 69 _b_)

_b._ Defective pressure If replacement safety head also regulator. breaks, follow test procedure in Paragraph 56 _b_ to determine whether pressure regulator needs adjustment or is defective.

60. CARRIER UNCOMFORTABLE.

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ _a._ Cord becomes loose Use only hard-braided seine cord or breaks. furnished in service kit for replacements. Lace tightly as shown in Figure 46, using slip-proof knots at ends.

_b._ Straps not adjusted to Adjust straps to fit each new wearer. fit wearer. Tank group must be high on back and snug on body. (Pars 19 and 71)

_c._ Carrier frame Cord is too loose. Tighten cord. presses on wearer’s back. Use slip-proof knots at ends.

61. SHORT RANGE.

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ _a._ Stream of burning fuel Fuel valve is not fully open because issues at an angle or in a of: very broad spray. (1) Faulty operation. Be sure to compress controls all the way when firing. (Par 26)

(2) Improper adjustment or assembly of valve. To correct, see Paragraphs 74 and 75.

_b._ Rapid drop of range Pressure-tank valve is not fully during a burst. open. Open all the way. If this is not effective, test pressure regulator. (Par 67 _d_)

_c._ Shorter range in each Pressure tank is not fully charged. successive burst. (1) Before firing be sure tank is

charged to at least 1,700 pounds per square inch. (Par 32)

(2) Check for leaks to make sure pressure has not decreased since charging. (Par 53 _d_)

_d._ Short range with Dried fuel or other foreign matter longer time of discharge is in fuel lines. Disassemble and than 8 to 9 seconds. clean.

62. FUEL-VALVE FAILURE.

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ Valve fails to close when (1) Work the grip safety to trip controls are released. the valve lever.

(2) Foreign matter may be in barrel, or barrel may be dented. If dented, replace barrel and needle as a unit. If not dented, disassemble and clean. (Pars 74 and 75)

63. FAILURE OF IGNITION CYLINDER TO IGNITE.

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ _a._ Match in cylinder Pull trigger repeatedly. If cylinder moves but incendiary does not ignite, remove cylinder charge does not ignite. (Par 30) and examine.

(1) If matches have been pushed flush with inner surface of cylinder body, the cylinder is defective. Destroy. (Par 30) Replace.

(2) If matches project 1/16 inch or more from cylinder, ignition head is defective. Disassemble ignition head (Par 76 _b_) and examine. Replace parts as necessary. (Par 76 _c_)

_b._ Cylinder does not (1) Spring case is not free to rotate rotate to bring new charge because of dirt. Clean and lubricate. into position. (Par 49)

(2) Cylinder is improperly loaded. (Par 18)

(3) Ignition cylinder binds on barrel because of dirt or excessive warping of ignition cylinders from heat of firing. Remove and destroy (Par 30) ignition cylinder. Reload.

(4) Spring case is defective. Replace as a unit. (Par 76 _b_, _c_)

_c._ Trigger does not (1) When on a mission, use fingers return to normal position on trigger to pull back to normal (with ignition cylinder in position. place). (2) If time permits, remove trigger rod. (Par 76 _b_) Clean rod and hole in which rod slides. Lubricate. (Par 49) Reassemble. (Par 76 _c_)

_d._ Lack of spring tension Trigger spring is off hook of trigger, at trigger. off spring screw, or broken. Replace where necessary.

64. FAILURE OF FUEL TO IGNITE.

_Trouble_ _Remedy_ _a._ Atomizer hole clogged. Clean with fine wire. (Par 52 _i_)

_b._ Fuel troubles at low (1) At temperatures below minus temperature. 20 degrees Fahrenheit, ignition of any standard fuel is uncertain. Operation at these temperatures should be avoided unless tests of fuels by firing with flame throwers are first made.

(2) At temperatures above minus 20 degrees Fahrenheit, no difficulty should be experienced with thickened gasoline. When blended fuels are used, the ratio of gasoline content should be increased as temperature decreases.

_c._ Failure of ignition See Paragraph 63. cylinder.

Section XVI TANK GROUP

65. GENERAL.

The tank group stores fuel and pressure. The fuel is placed under pressure when the pressure-tank valve is opened. The tank group is supported upon the firer’s back and shoulders by the carrier.

66. PRESSURE TANK AND VALVE ASSEMBLY.

_a. Description and functioning._ The pressure tank and valve assembly (Fig 33) includes:

(1) _Pressure tank._ The pressure tank is a lightweight, airplane-type cylinder, able to withstand the great pressure which it contains. The tank is charged with air or nitrogen at 1,700 to 2,100 pounds per square inch pressure by use of auxiliary equipment as described in Paragraphs 31 and 32. This pressure stays in the pressure tank until the weapon is ready to be fired. Opening of the pressure-tank valve releases air or nitrogen through the pressure regulator to the fuel tanks. Oxygen or combustible gases are never used in the tank because a violent explosion may result. The tank is large in capacity to assure ample pressure, and hence full range, for the entire load of fuel. The pressure-tank clamp (Fig 39), a steel-strap device with hinge and toggle-type latch, holds the pressure tank in place on the fuel tanks.

(2) _Pressure-tank valve._ (Figs 33 and 34) This valve is screwed into the bottom of the pressure tank. The valve stem slides into the valve end of the valve flexible shaft. When opened by means of the valve handle and valve flexible shaft, the valve permits passage of compressed air or nitrogen through tubes and the pressure regulator to the fuel tanks. The valve is of the quick-opening, packless, diaphragm type.

(3) _Pressure-valve handle and valve flexible shaft._ (Figs 33 and 34) The pressure-valve handle is held by a small nut on the end of the valve flexible shaft, which in turn is connected to the pressure-tank valve by means of the valve stem and a large hex nut. The handle and shaft extend to the right of the tank group, enabling the firer to open and close the valve without assistance when carrying the weapon. The handle slips over the end of the shaft and is held to it by a nut. The shaft is held to one of the fuel tanks by a clamp, nut, and bolt welded to the tank.

(4) _Check valve._ (Figs 33 through 35) The check valve has the same function as the valve on a vehicular tire tube, but it is much heavier in construction and different in design because the pressure in the flame thrower is 50 times greater than that in an automobile tire tube. Connected by threads to the pressure valve, the check valve permits compressed air or nitrogen to enter the pressure tank during charging (Pars 31 and 32) but prevents its escape when the outside source of pressure is removed. The cap is removed from the check valve only for charging or testing.

_b. Removal._ (Fig 33) To prevent damage to threads, leaks, and loss of pressure and range, remove pressure tank and valve assembly only when necessary.

[Illustration: Fig 33. Pressure system disassembled, showing nomenclature and Chemical Warfare Service stock numbers for requisitioning spare parts.]

(1) _Release of pressure._ Be sure all pressure has been released from the pressure system before disassembling or removing any part or assembly of the pressure system. To release pressure, operate fuel valve (Par 26) and hold open until pressure is exhausted. As an added precaution, personnel should avoid facing the connections when disconnecting parts or assemblies.

(2) _Removal procedure._ After release of all pressure:

(_a_) Loosen the clamp from the valve flexible shaft.

(_b_) Using wrench, unscrew the large hex nut which holds the flexible shaft on the pressure-tank valve.

(_c_) Pull the valve flexible shaft and handle free of the valve.

(_d_) Using wrench, unscrew the flared tube nut on the regulator tube adjacent to the pressure-tank valve.

(_e_) Open pressure-tank clamp (Fig 39) and swing clamp strap outward.

(_f_) Remove the pressure tank together with the pressure-tank valve and check valve.

(_g_) To remove valve handle, use the adjustable-end wrench to loosen and remove nut from threaded outer end of valve flexible shaft. Slide out the valve handle.

[Illustration: Fig 34. Lower portion of pressure system, assembled.]

[Illustration: Fig 35. Check valve (cross section).]

_c. Installation._ (Figs 33 and 39) To install:

(1) Insert pressure tank (with pressure-tank valve and check valve mounted on the tank) through the pressure-tank clamp. Be sure to aline the regulator tube, elbow, and pressure-tank valve threads carefully so that they cannot be damaged when connecting.

(2) Close the pressure-tank clamp.

(3) Start the threaded connections by hand to be sure they are well alined. Do not force. Use wrench for final tightening, but do not apply great torque to the wrench.

(4) Insert the valve flexible shaft through small clamp into the pressure-tank valve. Using wrench, tighten the large hex nut located between shaft and valve.

(5) Tighten the clamp on the valve flexible shaft.

(6) Place pressure-valve handle on threaded end of the shaft. Place nut on threaded end and tighten with adjustable-end wrench.

_d. Adjustment._ If valve handle cannot be turned by hand:

(1) Remove flexible shaft and handle. Never apply a wrench to these parts.

(2) Turn end of pressure-valve stem with wrench to open valve.

(3) If stem will not turn, replace the tank and valve.

(4) If stem turns, work it back and forth with wrench.

(5) Reconnect flexible shaft and handle.

(6) If handle does not turn easily, repeat the process until handle turns, or replace tank and valve.

(7) Close valve before charging tank.

_e. Maintenance._

(1) If either pressure tank, pressure-tank valve, or check valve are damaged or defective, all three must be replaced as a unit. No attempt may be made to repair any of these parts or their connections. If makeshift repairs or improvised parts are devised, serious accidents can result because of the extremely high pressures to which the equipment is subjected.

(2) Keep all threaded connections tightened. If a leak is suspected at any threaded connection, follow procedure in Paragraph 53 _d_.

67. PRESSURE REGULATOR.

_a. Description and functioning._ The regulator automatically reduces the variable pressure of air or nitrogen in the pressure tank to a constant operating pressure of approximately 350 pounds per square inch in the fuel tanks. The regulator is located at a protected position in the tank group of the M2-2 portable flame thrower, where it is not readily subject to tampering or damage from the outside. The regulator tube with fittings connects the pressure-tank valve and pressure regulator. (Fig 33) Its outlet is connected to the fuel tanks by the diffusion-pipe assembly. (Par 68 _a_) Either of two interchangeable types of regulators is furnished: the spring type (Figs 33, 36, and 37), and the dome type (Fig 38).

[Illustration: Fig 36. Rear of tank group, with carrier removed to show pressure regulator (spring-type) and connections.]

_b. Removal of pressure regulator._ After release of all pressure:

(1) Remove carrier (Par 71 _b_), if necessary.

(2) Using wrench, unscrew the flared tube nuts and other fittings.

(3) Lift out the pressure regulator.

_c. Installation of pressure regulator._ Line up pressure regulator, regulator tube, diffusion-pipe assembly, and fittings carefully so they will not be damaged when threads are tightened. Start threads with the hands. Apply only moderate wrench pressure to complete tightening. Replace carrier or carrier pack if either has been removed.

_d. Adjustment of pressure regulator._ The pressure regulator ordinarily requires no attention other than checking and tightening connections with the regulator tube and the diffusion-pipe assembly. If a defect in the regulator is indicated by falling off of the range of the weapon or by frequent breakage of the safety-head diaphragm (Par 56 _b_), the following procedure should be carried out. (When using wrenches, do not apply excessive force.)

(1) Remove the filling plug (Par 69 _b_) and ignition cylinder. (Par 30 _a_)

(2) Fill the fuel tanks with 4 gallons of water (or fuel).

(3) Connect the 0-to 500-pound fuel-tank testing gage, found in the service kit, to the filling-plug hole. Tighten plug of gage with wrench.

(4) Charge the pressure tank to a pressure of 1,800 pounds per square inch. (Pars 32 and 33)

(5) Open the pressure-tank valve.

(6) Read the pressure on the gage. If 350 to 390 pounds is indicated, omit steps (7) through (10).

(7) _To increase the pressure of a spring-type regulator_:

(_a_) Pry off the protective cap.

(_b_) Turn a set-screw wrench clockwise in the adjusting screw and read pressure on gage.

(8) _To decrease the pressure of a spring-type regulator_:

(_a_) Turn the set-screw wrench counterclockwise more than is considered sufficient to effect the desired reduction.

(_b_) Turn the pressure-tank valve off.

(_c_) Relieve pressure in the fuel tanks by compressing the fuel valve until the pressure is below that desired.

(_d_) Release the fuel valve.

(_e_) Open the pressure-tank valve and allow the system to reach a state of equilibrium, which occurs when the hissing sound ceases.

(_f_) Repeat the steps described above in (6) and (7).

(9) _To increase the pressure of a dome-type regulator_:

(_a_) Open needle valve No. 1 one full turn. (Fig 38)

(_b_) Open needle valve No. 2 one full turn. (There will be slight leakage around the needle-valve thread.)

(_c_) Open needle valve No. 3 very slowly, watching pressure gage closely. (As pressure builds up in fuel tanks there will be slight leakage through needle valve No. 1.)

(_d_) When the pressure gage indicates 350 pounds, close needle valve No. 3 tight.

(_e_) Close needle valve No. 2 tight.

(_f_) Close pressure-tank valve.

(_g_) When gage indicates zero, close needle valve No. 1 tight.

(10) _To decrease the pressure of a dome-type regulator_:

(_a_) Open needle valve No. 1 one full turn. (Fig 38)

(_b_) Open needle valve No. 3 very slightly, which will lower the pressure.

(_c_) When 350 pounds is reached, close valve No. 3 tight.

[Illustration: Fig 37. Pressure regulator, spring-type.]

[Illustration: Fig 38. Pressure regulator, dome-type, showing needle valves and wrenches.]

(_d_) Close pressure-tank valve.

(_e_) When gage indicates zero, close needle valve No. 1 tight.

(11) Open pressure-tank valve and press the fuel valve to observe the pressure with the weapon operating.

(12) After final adjustment:

(_a_) Close the pressure-tank valve.

(_b_) Open the fuel valve and release the pressure from the fuel tanks.

(_c_) Remove the pressure gage and plug from the fuel tank.

(_d_) Install filling plug.

(_e_) Tighten filling plug with wrench.

(_f_) If regulator is spring-type, replace its protective cap.

68. FUEL-TANK ASSEMBLY.

_a. Description and functioning._ (Figs 4, 5, and 39) The fuel-tank assembly includes:

(1) _Fuel tanks._ Two alloy steel fuel tanks hold the fuel before it is propelled to the target. They have a combined capacity, including void, of 4-1/2 gallons. A void of approximately 1/2 gallon is left in tanks when filling to allow for expansion and to permit entry of the compressed nitrogen or air. To speed filling and cleaning of the tanks, two openings are provided on top of the fuel tanks. The openings are threaded to receive the filling-plug assembly and the safety-head plug assembly, which are interchangeable in the openings. Filling operations involve the use of auxiliary equipment and are described in Paragraphs 34 through 40. The carrier and the pressure system are supported on the fuel tanks.

[Illustration: Fig 39. Fuel system of tank group and related parts disassembled, showing nomenclature and Chemical Warfare Service stock numbers for requisitioning spare parts.]

(2) _Tank connector._ This open passageway between the fuel tanks makes them, in effect, a single container. The location of the tank connector and its large diameter permit easy flow of fuel and pressure between the two tanks.

(3) _Hose connector._ The hose connector is the outlet for fuel from the fuel tanks. It is located so that nearly all the fuel is propelled from the weapon if firing positions are correct. (Par 24) One end is welded to an opening in the tank connector. The other end is threaded into the tank coupling.

(4) _Frame clamp._ This small metal clamp, with bolt, nut, and washer, holds the hose connector to the carrier frame.

(5) _Diffusion-pipe assembly._ This T-shaped tubing carries compressed air or nitrogen from the pressure regulator to each of the fuel tanks. A flared tube connection and elbow connect the stem of the T to the pressure regulator. The horizontal tubes of the T extend into the fuel tanks and are welded to the fuel tank walls. Within the fuel tanks these tubes are perforated with holes which permit ready escape of the compressed nitrogen or air into the fuel tanks when the pressure-tank valve is open.

_b. Removal and installation._ The tank connector, hose connector, diffusion-pipe assembly, and the two fuel tanks are welded together and cannot be disassembled from each other. No attempt should be made to remove any of these parts or assemblies.

_c. Maintenance._ Other than cleaning (Pars 51 _d_ and 55 _e_), repainting, and tightening of threaded joints, no repairs will be attempted by the first or second echelon on the fuel tanks, tank and hose connectors, or diffusion-pipe assembly. Emergency repairs may be made only by the third or fourth echelon. No attempt should be made to weld or patch any part of the fuel tanks.

69. FILLING AND SAFETY-HEAD PLUG ASSEMBLIES.

_a. Description and functioning._

(1) _Filling-plug assembly._ (Fig 39) This assembly fits into the 1-3/8-inch threaded opening at the top of either one of the fuel tanks. It permits filling and cleaning of the tanks, and seals the opening when the tank is not being filled or cleaned. The assembly includes the filling plug proper and a plug-retainer assembly. The latter is a metal rod which hangs from the plug on a metal chain. The rod and chain prevent accidental loss of the plug.

(2) _Safety-head plug assembly._ (Figs 39 and 40) This assembly is screwed into the threaded opening on top of either fuel tank. It serves the same functions as the filling-plug assembly and moreover protects the firer and other personnel. It includes:

(_a_) _Safety-head plug._ This plug is similar to the filling plug except for the threaded hole which receives the safety head.

(_b_) _Safety head._ This metal head screws into the safety-head plug. It includes a soft metal diaphragm which bursts when the pressure in the fuel tanks exceeds 500 pounds per square inch. It prevents the building up of dangerous pressures in the fuel tanks.

[Illustration: Fig 40. Safety-head plug assembly (cross section).]

[Illustration: Fig 41. Unscrewing safety head from safety-head plug, using wrench.]

(_c_) _Deflector tube._ This short, curved piece of 1/8-inch pipe deflects fuel and pressure away from the firer if the safety head bursts. A lock nut holds the tube in position. (Par 12 _j_)

(_d_) _Plug-retainer assembly._ This assembly consists of a metal rod and chain which hang from the plug and prevent accidental loss of the plug when filling or inspecting.

_b. Removal of plugs._

(1) Before removing the filling plug, the safety-head plug, or an unbroken safety head, operate the fuel valve until any pressure which may have accumulated in the fuel tanks is eliminated. If the coupling plug is in the tank coupling, very slightly loosen the threads of either the filling plug or the safety-head plug, using the 1-3/4-inch wrench, to eliminate pressure in the fuel tanks. Keep face and eyes away from the threads.

(2) The plug-retainer assemblies should not be lifted completely out of the tanks unless required.

(3) If either the rod or the rod and chain breaks from one of the plugs and falls into the tank, upend the tank group to permit removal of the parts.

(4) To replace burst safety head, unscrew lock nut and deflector tube. (Fig 11) Using wrench (Fig 41), unscrew safety head. Never disassemble the safety head.

_c. Installation of plugs._ The filling plug, safety-head plug, and safety head are screwed in by hand and then tightened with wrenches. No substitution will be made for the safety head, which is manufactured to burst at the safe limit of pressure. The plug threads and seats should be cleaned with a cloth (Fig 29) before installing plugs. Screw in deflector tube, using hand pressure. The tube outlet should face to the rear and at a 45-degree angle to operator’s left shoulder. (Fig 18) Replace lock nut and tighten with wrench. (Use wrench on lock nut, not on deflector tube.)

_d. Maintenance of plugs._ Replace safety head if damaged or blown. Never repair safety head or use an improvised head.

70. TANK COUPLING.

_a. Description and functioning._ This quick-connecting coupling (Fig 42) connects and locks the fuel hose or the coupling plug to the tank group. The coupling cams, lock, and washer provide a secure and tight joint. The tank coupling makes possible rapid replacement of emptied tank groups with filled and charged tank groups in the field. No tools are needed for this operation.

[Illustration: Fig 42. Tank coupling and end of fuel-hose assembly.]

_b. Removal._

(1) To remove the tank coupling from the hose connector, apply a wrench and unscrew.

[Illustration: Fig 43. Closing cams of tank coupling to connect gun and tank group. This is done before locking. (See below.)]

[Illustration: Fig 44. Closing lock of tank coupling to secure gun to tank group. This also provides a fuel-tight seal.]

(2) To disconnect the tank coupling from the fuel hose or the coupling plug:

(_a_) Release pressure from fuel tanks by operating the fuel valve or by opening very slightly the filling plug.

(_b_) Using hands, pivot the coupling lock back on the coupling body.

(_c_) Using hands, pivot the two coupling cams back on the coupling.

(_d_) Slide out the fuel hose or the tank coupling.

(_e_) If coupling washer is to be removed, pry out with a screw driver.

_c. Installation of tank coupling._ Proceed as follows:

(1) If coupling washer has been removed, replace.

(2) Insert coupling plug or hose nipple, tank end, in the coupling as far as it will reach. Close the two cams. (Fig 43)

[Illustration: Fig 45. Coupling plug in place in tank coupling. This arrangement is used when fuel tanks are brought back for filling with gun detached.]

(3) Close the coupling lock (Fig 44), being sure to push it all the way, until it covers the ends of both cams. (Figure 45 shows coupling lock correctly locked on coupling plug.)

(4) If the tank coupling has been removed from the hose connector, screw it on hand tight. Anti-seize compound should be applied lightly to the threads to assure a tight joint. Use wrench to tighten the coupling until it is in the position shown in Figure 34.

_d. Maintenance of tank coupling._ The coupling washer, made of synthetic rubber, should be inspected frequently. If it is damaged or swollen, remove it and replace. If the coupling leaks, inspect, and if necessary, remove and replace the washer.

71. CARRIER.

_a. Description and functioning._ (Fig 46) The tank group is securely carried on the firer’s back and chest by the carrier, which includes the metal carrier frame, the canvas carrier pack, webbing straps, and cord, all of which are parts of the tank group.

(1) _Carrier frame._ This lightweight, tubular-metal frame is bolted to two pairs of brackets (upper and lower) on the fuel tanks. It is also bolted to the hose connector by the frame clamp, which helps support the connector. The frame is pierced by two parallel series of holes, through which the cord (lashing) of the carrier is laced.

(2) _Carrier pack._ This is a sheet of heavy canvas, reinforced on the tank side with strips of webbing. The smooth side of the carrier pack rests against the firer’s back and cushions the back from contact with the metal tanks. A series of eyelets is located on each side of the pack.

(3) _Seine cord (lashing)._ The carrier pack is fastened to the carrier frame by means of hard-braided cord which is laced through the eyelets in the pack and the holes in the frame. The cord that comes on the flame thrower stretches very little under load.

(4) _Straps._ The straps, made of wide cotton webbing, are adjustable to fit the wearer. (Fig 18) They are provided with snap release, hook-and-eye, and snap fasteners. The shoulder straps have quick-release fasteners for rapid removal, if necessary, of the tank group from the firer. The upper ends (steel loops) of the shoulder straps are secured by pins to the steel support which connects the two fuel tanks. Each of the pins is held in position by a split cotter pin, which is inserted through a hole in the pin and is then spread. The lower ends of the shoulder straps snap onto metal loops at the bottom of the carrier frame. The upper body straps are attached to metal loops on each side of the carrier frame. The lower body straps are fastened to one of the lower two pairs of eyelets of the carrier pack.

_b. Removal of carrier._

(1) To remove carrier or carrier frame, use screw driver and adjustable-end wrench to take off frame clamp, bolt, nut, and lock washer. (Fig 34) Then remove two pairs of bolts, nuts, and lock washers which hold the carrier frame to bottom and top of the fuel tanks. Lift off the carrier.

(2) To remove body straps, unsnap ends and lift out of holes. To remove shoulder straps, unsnap lower ends and remove from holes. Pull out cotter pins, then pins, from upper ends of shoulder straps, and lift out straps.

(3) To remove carrier pack, unknot and unlace cord.

_c. Installation of carrier._

(1) To install carrier frame (or a complete carrier) place frame in position adjacent to fuel tanks (Fig 46), insert bolts in holes, place lock washers and nuts on bolts, and tighten with screw driver and wrench. Replace frame clamp on fuel connector and frame. Insert bolt in holes, place lock washer and nut on bolt. Tighten with screw driver and wrench.

(2) If carrier pack has been removed, use cord to relash. Lace tight and use slip-proof knots. (Fig 46)

(3) To install straps, snap ends of body straps and lower ends of shoulder straps into positions shown in Figure 46. Place upper ends (steel loops) of shoulder straps in steel support between fuel tanks. Insert two pins through any two of the holes in the support and through the shoulder strap loops. Insert cotter pins in holes in pins and spread cotter pins to lock pins in place.

_d. Adjustment of carrier._ Carrier must be carefully adjusted to fit the individual firer so the load will not shift during sudden, rapid changes of firer’s position. Adjustments are as follows:

(1) _Cord and carrier pack._ Cord must be tight at all times. The cord furnished with the equipment has very little tendency to stretch. However, pull cord tight when lacing and use slip-proof knots at ends. Tighten cord periodically.

[Illustration: Fig 46. Carrier assembled on tank group.]

(2) _Straps._ Adjust straps to fit each firer, moving slides on straps as necessary. Straps must fit snugly to prevent shifting of load and to keep tank group high on firer’s back. Lower body straps may be fastened in second pair from the bottom of carrier eyelets to conform to firer’s physique. Pins, which hold top ends of shoulder straps to steel support between the fuel tanks, may be moved to any two of the three holes so as to provide the best balance in the load.

_e. Maintenance of carrier._ Keep carrier dry and clean. If flame thrower becomes wet or muddy, clean and dry carrier thoroughly. Store in a dry place. If rotted, mildewed, or damaged, replace affected parts. If cord frays or breaks, use special seine cord from service kit as replacement.

Section XVII GUN GROUP

72. GENERAL

The gun group consists of the fuel-hose assembly and the gun. The gun includes the fuel valve, which controls the ejection of fuel, and the ignition head, which ignites the fuel.

73. FUEL-HOSE ASSEMBLY.

_a. Description and functioning._ (Fig 47) Hose, fuel, flame thrower, M1, assembly, provides a flexible connection between the fuel tanks and the gun.

(1) _Hose._ Made of synthetic rubber and reinforced with a cover of metal wire and cotton braid, the hose resists the action of gasoline and oil, and withstands a pressure of approximately 1,000 pounds per square inch. Its inside diameter is 7/8 inch; its outside diameter is approximately 1-1/4 inches.

(2) _Nipples._ The hose nipple, tank end, connects the hose to the tank coupling on the tank group. The hose nipple, gun end, is a threaded connector between the other end of the hose and the fuel-valve body.

_b. Removal of fuel-hose assembly._ Remove the hose from the gun only when necessary for maintenance. The threads in the fuel-valve body will be damaged by frequent screwing and unscrewing of the hose because the body is a lightweight aluminum casting. Fuel hose is replaced as a unit and is not disassembled in the second echelon. To disconnect from tank group, see Paragraph 70 _b_.

_c. Installation of fuel-hose assembly._

(1) To install in tank group, see Paragraph 70 _c_.

(2) To install in gun, apply anti-seize compound (from service kit) lightly to threads and screw hose in fuel-valve body by hand. Use wrench only enough to make a secure connection.

_d. Maintenance of fuel-hose assembly._ If the hose nipple, tank end, is badly nicked and does not provide a tight connection with a new coupling washer (Par 70):

(1) File the end surface, being careful to keep the surface at a right angle to the sides of the nipple.

(2) Couple hose nipple, tank end, to tank coupling. If coupling closes very easily, indicating washer is not being compressed, replace the washer and recouple. If coupling still closes too freely, the nipple has been filed too short, and the fuel-hose assembly should be replaced as a unit.

74. VALVE GRIP.

_a. Description and functioning._ (Fig 47) The valve grip is part of the fuel valve. It includes the controls and is held by the firer in his right hand to support the gun group. Parts of the valve grip are:

(1) _Left and right valve grips._ A pistol-type grip is formed by two aluminum housings designated as the left valve grip and the right valve grip. The two parts are held together by four screws and four lock washers.

(2) _Grip support._ This aluminum housing is mounted above the left and right valve grips and connected to them by two screws and lock washers.

(3) _Valve lever._ This control is made to fit the fingers and is mounted in front of and between the two parts of the valve grip. A pin at the top of the lever fits into holes in left and right valve grips and serves as a pivot, governing the movement of the lever. When the lever and the grip safety are compressed simultaneously by the operator, the valve is thereby opened and fuel is ejected from the gun.

(4) _Grip safety._ This control is grasped by the hand simultaneously with the valve lever. It is mounted back of and between left and right valve grips. A pin at the base of the safety fits into holes in the left and right valve grips and serves as a pivot in a manner similar to the pin on the valve lever. The fuel cannot be discharged unless both the valve lever and the grip safety are compressed simultaneously.

(5) _Rocker arm._ The rocker arm, a boat-shaped metal part, is mounted near its center on a pin. It is held in contact with the valve lever by means of a valve-grip spring and spring pin. At its top end, the rocker arm touches the yoke shaft of the valve-diaphragm assembly. When the valve lever and the grip safety are compressed, the rocker arm pushes the valve diaphragm assembly forward.

(6) _Valve-grip spring._ When the firer’s hand releases the valve grip, the valve-grip spring forces the valve lever, the grip safety, and the rocker arm back to their normal, nonoperating positions.

_b. Removal of valve grip._

(1) Unscrew the four screws and lock washers that hold the grip support to the valve body. Remove the valve grip as a unit.

[Illustration: Fig 47. Fuel valve (disassembled) and fuel hose, showing nomenclature and Chemical Warfare Service stock numbers for requisitioning spare parts.]

[Illustration: Fig 48. Location of parts in right valve grip before covering them with left valve grip.]

[Illustration: Fig 49. Using screw driver to push long end of valve-grip spring into groove in grip safety.]

(2) To disassemble valve grip, remove screws and lock washers from the grip. Lift off the left valve grip, exposing contents of grip. Lift out the following parts: valve-grip spring, rocker arm, grip safety, and valve lever.

_c. Installing valve grip._

(1) Place grip safety, valve lever, and rocker arm in position in right valve grip. (Fig 48) Be sure the shorter end of rocker arm is at the top. Place grip spring over spring pin. Slip short end of grip spring in groove of rocker arm. Place long end of grip spring on outside of grip safety.

(2) Put left valve grip in place and insert the two lower lock washers and screws. Tighten the two screws enough to hold parts in place and still leave space for moving long end of spring into the groove in grip safety. Push spring into groove with a screw driver. (Fig 49)

(3) With spring in place, fully tighten the two screws with screw driver.

(4) Place grip support in position, and insert the two upper lock washers and screws. Tighten screws, using screw driver.

(5) Attach valve grip to valve body, using the four lock washers and inserting the four screws through the grip support. Make sure that the yoke shaft of the valve-diaphragm assembly is in front of rocker arm.

_d. Maintenance of valve grip._ No maintenance is required for the valve grip other than replacement of worn or damaged parts, tightening of screws, cleaning, and lubrication. (Par 49)

75. BARREL AND VALVE-BODY ASSEMBLY.

_a. Description and functioning._ (Fig 47) This assembly is part of the fuel valve. It includes the barrel, valve body, and operating parts contained in the barrel and valve body. The assembly consists of:

(1) _Valve body_, an aluminum housing, located at the rear of the gun and mounted on the grip support by means of four screws and lock washers. The valve body has four large threaded openings. The lower opening leads into the valve grip. The side opening, which forms a Y with the main portion of the body, is connected to the fuel-hose assembly. The front opening is screwed on the barrel. The rear opening is closed by the spring retainer and plug.

(2) _Valve-diaphragm assembly_, which transmits and reverses the movement imparted to it by the rocker arm of the valve grip. (Par 74 _a_) It also serves as a seal, keeping fuel from entering the valve grip. The valve-diaphragm assembly includes:

(_a_) _Yoke shaft_, on which the rocker arm bears at the lower end of the shaft.

(_b_) _Yoke_, a Y-shaped metal part which fits on the upper end of the yoke shaft and is held to it by a steel pin. The yoke transmits motion from the shaft to the yoke block, and is located within the valve body when the valve is assembled.

(_c_) _Diaphragm_, a synthetic-rubber diaphragm held in a steel sleeve, which fits snugly in the lower opening of the valve body. The yoke shaft passes through the diaphragm.

(3) _Diaphragm support, washer, and cap_, which hold the valve-diaphragm assembly in place in the valve body.

(4) _Spring retainer_, a brass, hollow bushing which screws into the rear opening of the valve body, and which is threaded internally to receive the plug. The retainer has a hexagonal head to take a 1-3/8-inch wrench. As its name implies, the retainer holds the valve spring in position.

(5) _Plug_, a brass part, resembling a cap screw, which fits into the spring retainer, closing off the rear end of the gun. It permits adjustment of the needle (see _d_ below) without removing the valve spring and spring retainer.

(6) _Valve spring_, a coil spring located in the valve body between the spring retainer and the yoke block. The spring keeps the needle seated in the nozzle until compression of the grip safety and valve lever forces back the yoke block, spring, and needle.

(7) _Yoke block_, a steel piece, 1 inch long, which fits into the arms of the yoke Y. It is secured by an internal thread to the valve needle. Movement of the yoke in turn moves the yoke block and the valve needle.

(8) _Lock nut_, on the valve-needle thread at the rear of the yoke block, which locks the block on the needle.

(9) _Valve-needle_, a pointed rod, which extends through the inside of the barrel from the yoke block to the nozzle. The valve needle is seated in the nozzle except when firing. It controls the ejection of fuel from the nozzle. Two sets of three fins each, known as needle guides, are mounted on the front and rear of the needle, respectively. These guides keep the needle centered in the barrel. The rear end of the valve needle is threaded to hold the yoke block and permit adjustment of the needle by means of the lock nut which screws on the threads. (See _d_ below.)

(10) _Barrel_ (Figs 47 and 54), which carries the fuel to the ignition head. It also supports or contains other components of the gun. The barrel assembly is replaced as a unit with the needle. It consists of a tube, made of thin metal, with a threaded fitting at the back end, and a nozzle brazed into the front end of the tube. The nozzle ejects the fuel from the barrel through the ignition head. The fuel emerges from two holes in the nozzle:

(_a_) _Atomizer hole_, a small opening which sprays a fine, readily ignited mist of fuel. This helps ignite the main stream of fuel.

(_b_) _Main hole_, which is tapered inside, and which conveys the main stream of fuel from the barrel. When the gun is not being fired, the valve needle is seated in the main hole of the nozzle. When the gun is being fired, the needle is withdrawn from the nozzle seat, permitting the fuel to be forced from the gun.

_b. Removal of barrel and valve-body assembly._ If gun group and tank group are connected, release any pressure in the fuel tanks by compressing the valve lever and the grip safety. Then disassemble as follows:

(1) Unscrew the fuel-hose assembly from the fuel-valve body only if this is necessary for maintenance.

(2) Remove spring retainer and plug from end of fuel-valve body and remove valve spring.

[Illustration: Fig 50. Valve needle, yoke block, and lock nut ready for installation in fuel-valve body.]

(3) Unscrew diaphragm cap and pull out washer, support, and valve-diaphragm assembly. To prevent loss of valve-needle adjustment (Fig 54), do not disturb position of yoke block by turning the needle.

[Illustration: Fig 51. Placing diaphragm assembly in position in fuel-valve body.]

[Illustration: Fig 52. Installing parts in fuel-valve body.]

(4) Slide the valve needle out of barrel; the yoke block and the lock nut may then be unscrewed from the valve needle, but adjustment (see _d_ below) will be necessary when reinstalling.

_c. Installation of barrel and valve-body assembly._

(1) To install valve needle, screw the yoke block and lock nut on the needle (Fig 50). Insert needle in valve body and barrel.

(2) Insert valve-diaphragm assembly into valve body (Fig 51), making sure that the yoke slips into the flat notches of yoke block.

[Illustration: Fig 53. Installing spring retainer in fuel-valve body.]

(3) Slip the diaphragm support, washer, and cap over the yoke shaft. (Fig 52) Screw on the diaphragm cap by hand. Do not use a wrench. Install valve grip. (Par 74 _c_)

(4) Place valve spring over end of needle and install spring retainer. (Fig 53) Apply wrench very lightly to tighten spring retainer.

(5) Adjust needle (see _d_ below), and screw plug into the spring retainer.

(6) If hose has been removed, apply anti-seize compound lightly to the threads. Screw hose into fuel-valve body. Wrench should be applied very lightly to tighten.

_d. Adjustment of valve needle._ Needle is adjusted after installation of parts in barrel and valve assembly. Use care when resetting needle, as smooth operation of the weapon depends on accurate adjustment.

(1) Remove ignition shield (Par 18) and plug from gun.

(2) Use the valve-adjusting wrench (Fig 8) to hold the lock nut and apply a cabinet (narrow-bladed) screw driver (Fig 8) in the end of the needle. Turn needle until it makes a snug fit in the nozzle opening.

(3) Compress the valve lever and grip safety. The needle should draw back into the nozzle with the tip of the needle at the smallest diameter opening in the nozzle. (Fig 54)

(4) When the needle has been correctly adjusted, as in (3) above, tighten the lock nut with the valve-adjusting wrench, keeping the needle from turning with the screw driver. This will lock the adjustment. Screw plug into the spring retainer.

(5) Replace ignition shield. (Par 18)

_e. Maintenance of barrel and valve body._

[Illustration: Fig 54. Valve-needle adjustment. Solid lines show needle in correct open position with point at smallest diameter of nozzle. Broken lines show needle in closed position.]

(1) _Damaged parts._ Replace worn or damaged parts. If the diaphragm shows evidence of tears or separation, or if leaks occur at the diaphragm, replace the valve-diaphragm assembly.

(2) _Valve spring._ If valve spring has lost resiliency, grasp it by the ends and stretch slightly, or replace.

(3) _Nozzle leaks._ If valve leaks at nozzle, and cleaning (Par 55 _d_) does not remedy the leak, adjust needle (see _d_ above). If leak persists, either replace barrel and needle, or lap seat. To lap, place lapping compound on seat (in nozzle) and on needle point. Turn needle in seat until parts make a tight connection when seated. Remove lapping compound, reassemble, adjust needle, and test fire.

(4) _Atomizer hole._ If atomizer hole is clogged, clean with fine wire. (Par 52 _i_)

76. IGNITION HEAD.

_a. Description and functioning._ (Fig 55) The ignition head ignites the fuel when the flame thrower is fired. It is mounted on the fore part of the barrel. It consists of:

(1) _Ignition-head body_, which includes half of the front grip. Three set screws serve to tighten the ignition-head body to the barrel. The ignition-head body is made of aluminum.

(2) _Trigger and trigger bearing_, held between the ignition-head body and the coverplate by the trigger screw.

(3) _Trigger rod_, one end of which is held in the trigger bearing, the other extending through the ignition-head body. Pulling the trigger shoves the trigger rod forward, causing it to push a match in the ignition cylinder. The match ignites an incendiary charge in the ignition cylinder.

(4) _Trigger spring_, which hooks over a projection of the trigger and is held at its lower end by a screw, which is held in the ignition-head body. This spring pulls the trigger rod back from the firing position after the firer releases the trigger.

(5) _Latch_, located in the ignition-head body, in front of and above the trigger guard. The latch, set on a pin, engages the notch of the ignition shield, locking it in place. A latch spring holds latch in position.

(6) _Coverplate_, an aluminum casting which constitutes the left section of the front grip and covers the working parts seated in the ignition head body. The coverplate and body are held together by four screws and four lock washers.

(7) _Spring case_, which turns the ignition cylinder when the trigger is pulled.

(_a_) Four projections on the inner spring case are bent over the outer spring case to hold the two parts together.

(_b_) The inner-case pin (Fig 56) engages a stop on the inside of the ignition cylinder. The five projecting metal matches on the inside of the ignition cylinder are each in turn stopped by the lug on the forward-facing surface of the ignition-head body.

[Illustration: Fig 55. Ignition head disassembled, showing nomenclature and Chemical Warfare Service stock numbers for requisitioning spare parts.]

When the trigger is pulled, the trigger rod pushes a match forward, causing an incendiary charge in the ignition cylinder to ignite. The spring in the case rotates the ignition cylinder until another match is stopped by the lug.

[Illustration: Fig 56. Parts of ignition head and ignition cylinder.]

(_c_) The outer-case pin (on the outside surface of the outer spring case) fits into the notch in the ignition shield and holds the spring case as the shield is screwed into position. This action winds the spring in the case.

(_d_) A snap ring holds the spring case on the ignition-head body.

(8) _Ignition shield_, a cylindrical, thin-metal tube with a conical front end. The shield guides the flame and protects the firer. Eight holes around the base of the cone provide an air intake for burning the fuel. The base of the shield is threaded, and it screws onto the ignition-head body. A notch (Fig 56) in the base of the shield receives the latch and the outer-case pin of the spring case.

_b. Removal of ignition head._ To remove the ignition head, proceed as follows:

(1) Remove shield by lifting latch and unscrewing shield counterclockwise. (Fig 14) Keep hands and face away from front of barrel.

(2) If ignition cylinder has not been removed, remove it or allow it to fall off barrel.

(3) Pry off snap ring which holds spring case in position, using screw driver. (Fig 57) Be careful not to damage or break the ignition-head body by applying too much leverage.

(4) Remove the four screws and lock washers which hold ignition-head body and coverplate together. Lift off coverplate.

(5) Trigger, trigger spring, trigger rod, latch, and latch spring may be removed.

(6) Using a hex wrench, loosen set screws (Fig 58) and withdraw barrel from ignition head.

_c. Installation of ignition head._ To install ignition head, proceed as follows:

(1) Insert barrel in ignition-head body, pushing it as far forward as the shoulder on the barrel permits.

(2) Aline front grip and valve grip.

(3) Using hex wrench, tighten set screws on barrel enough to hold but not so tight that barrel is dented.

(4) Place latch, latch spring, trigger and bearing, trigger rod, and trigger spring in position.

(5) Put coverplate on ignition-head body and replace the four lock washers and screws.

(6) Slip spring case over barrel, and lock by forcing snap ring into the groove.

(7) When weapon is to be used on a mission, fit ignition cylinder and ignition shield in place on nozzle end of barrel as described in Paragraph 18.

_d. Maintenance of ignition head._

(1) _Servicing._ The ignition head should be cleaned and lubricated each time it is disassembled. (Par 49)

(2) _Spring-case assembly._ If outer case rotates and inner case does not, and no spring action occurs, spring is broken and spring case should be replaced as a unit. Do not disassemble or repair this part.

(3) _Trigger rod and lug._ When trigger is pulled all the way, end of trigger rod should extend 1/16 inch beyond lug on forward-facing surface of ignition-head body. If end of trigger rod is worn, replace rod. Lug on the ignition-head body should be approximately 7/32 inch high. If lug is worn or broken, replace ignition head body.

[Illustration: Fig 57. Prying snap ring from ignition head to remove spring case.]

[Illustration: Fig 58. Loosening set screws with wrench so ignition head may be lifted off barrel.]

APPENDIX

Section XVIII SHIPMENT AND STORAGE

77. SHIPMENT AND STORAGE.

The flame thrower is shipped and stored in a wooden packing case (Fig 59), which measures approximately 34 inches by 23 inches by 19 inches. Cubage of the case is approximately 8-1/2 cubic feet.

[Illustration: Fig 59. Opened packing chest showing flame thrower and other contents as received.]

_a. Storage procedure._ After use and servicing (Pars 55 and 56), if the weapon is not to be promptly reused on another mission, it should be returned to the packing case. Before disconnecting the gun group from the tank group and storing the weapon, the ignition cylinder should be removed, the fuel discharged, and the pressure released. Operate fuel valve to release any residual pressure in the fuel tanks. The deflector tube must be removed from the safety head (Fig 11) to permit the tank group to fit into the chest. The deflector tube should be kept in the spare parts kit or tool kit until the next use of the weapon. The spare parts kit, the tool kit, the extra cans of cylinders, TM 3-376A, and the coupling plug (Fig 7) should remain in the chest except when they are being used. Wooden fittings hold the tank group in place, with the pressure tank up. The gun group is disconnected from the tank group and is kept with fuel hose connected to the gun on the gun mounting board in the chest. (Fig 10)

_b. Rust prevention._ If the flame thrower, parts, and tools are to be stored for a considerable length of time, especially in a damp climate, all exposed metal surfaces should be covered with a rust-preventive compound. Store in a dry place.

Section XIX LIST OF REFERENCES

78. REFERENCES.

References pertaining to the care and use of flame throwers include:

AR 850-20 Precautions in Handling Gasoline

AR 850-60 Compressed Gas Cylinders; Safe Handling, Storing, Shipping, Using

FM 31-50 Attack on a Fortified Position and Combat in Towns

FM 100-5 Operations

TM 3-220 Decontamination

TM 9-850 Cleaning, Preserving, Lubricating, and Welding Materials and Similar Items Issued by the Ordnance Department

INDEX

_Paragraphs_

- A -

Adjustable-end wrench, 10_a_, 48_a_

Adjustment of fire, 25, 26_c_

After firing, 30, 55, 56

After six missions, 56

Aging of fuel, 35_j_

Aiming, 25, 26_c_, 34

Air compressor, 32_a_, 32_b_, 39_a_

Alcohol, 35_a_

Angles of tanks when firing, 24_b_

Anti-seize compound source of, 48_b_ use of, 58_b_, 70_c_, 73_c_

Assistants, 4_f_, 15

Atomizer hole cleaning, 52_i_ description, 75_a_

- B -

Barrel adjustment, 52_e_, 75_d_ cleaning, 55_d_, 55_i_ damage to, 62, 75_e_ description, 75_a_ maintenance, 62, 75_e_

Barrel and valve-body assembly, 75

Bleeders, 32_c_

Burning time of fuels, 34

Bursts, 4_b_, 9_b_, 25_c_, 28, 29

Bushing, pipe, 3/4 inch by 1/2 inch, 8, 10_b_, 48_b_

- C -

Cap, diaphragm, 75

Capacity, fuel, 9_e_, 68_a_

Carrier adjustment, 19, 56_e_, 60, 71 description, 5_a_, 71_a_ installation, 71_c_ maintenance, 71_e_ preventive maintenance, 51, 55_h_ removal, 71_b_

Carrier frame, 71

Carrier pack, 71

Carrying the flame thrower, 19, 20, 55_b_, 56_e_, 60, 71

Catalog, 48_b_

Charging of pressure tank, 4_g_, 32, 33, 61_c_, 66_a_

Check valve description, 66_a_ installation, 66_b_ operation, 31, 32, 53_d_ removal, 66_b_ replacement, 66_e_

Cleaning gun, 49_a_, 55, 56_f_, 58_c_, 74_d_, 75_e_, 76_d_ tank group, 55, 58_c_, 68_c_, 71_e_

Cold weather, 34-36, 44, 49, 64

Compound, anti-seize source of, 48_b_ use of, 58_b_, 70_c_, 73_c_

Compound, pipe thread (anti-seize), 48_b_, 58_b_, 70_c_, 73_c_

Compressed air charging apparatus, 32, 33, 46, 48_b_ leaks, 56_b_, 61_c_ release of, 66_b_ volume required, 9_g_, 32_c_

Compressor, air, 32_a_, 32_b_

Controls, 14, 21, 26, 61, 74, 76

Cord description, 71_a_ installation, 71_c_ replacement, 48_b_, 60, 71_e_ tightening, 51_h_, 60, 71_d_

Cotter pins, 71

Coupling plug, 10_f_, 17, 39_c_, 48_b_, 70

Coupling washer, 10_b_, 48_b_, 58_f_, 70, 73_d_

Coverplate, 76

Cubage, 9_d_

Crankcase drainings, 36

Cylinders destruction, 46 number required, 9_g_, 32_b_ use of, in charging, 32, 33 use of, in filling, 39

- D -

Dampness effect on fuel, 35_e_ effect on ignition cylinder, 31, 41 effect on thickener, 35_e_ effect on weapon, 41, 51_g_, 71_e_, 77_b_

Deflector tube, 12_j_, 69, 77_a_

Description of flame thrower, 5, 65-76

Destruction accessories, 46_b_, _d_ flame thrower, 46_a_ fuel, 46_c_ ignition cylinders, 30_a_, 46_f_ thickener, 46_e_

Diaphragm, 75

Diaphragm cap, 75

Diaphragm support, 75

Diaphragm, valve, assembly, 10_b_, 48_b_, 56_e_, 58_a_, 74, 75

Diaphragm washer, 75

Diesel oil, 35, 36, 40

Differences in models, 7

Diffusion-pipe assembly, 67, 68

Dimensions, 9_d_

Discharge time, 9_b_

Dome-type regulator, 67_d_

Drums, 35-40

Duration of fire, 9_b_, 34

Dust blowing out, 33_j_ effect on operation, 42

- E -

E1 ignition cylinders, 18_a_, 31

E3 portable flame thrower, 7_a_

Engineers’ wrenches, 10_a_, 48_a_

- F -

Filling fuel tanks by blowing, 39 by force pump, 38 by pouring, 37 service when filling, 53

Filling plug, 37, 39, 49, 51_d_, 56_b_, 69

Filling with fuel, 4_g_, 34-40

Fire precautions, 15_c_, 40, 55

Firers, 4_f_, 15

Firing technique, 26-30, 54, 56_b_

Flexible shaft, valve adjustment, 66_d_ description, 66_a_ installation, 66_c_ lubrication, 49 removal, 66_b_

Frame clamp, 68_a_, 71

Fuel capacity, 9_e_, 68_a_ characteristics, 34 destruction, 46_c_ left in tanks, 24_b_ per 100 fillings, 9_g_ precautions, 35-40, 41 preparation, 35, 40 ranges, 22 weight, 9_c_

Fuel-filling hose, 39

Fuel-filling line, 39, 46_b_

Fuel hose description, 70_a_ installation, 70_c_, 73_c_, 75 length, 9_d_ maintenance, 40_j_, 52, 73_d_ removal, 40_j_, 70_b_, 73_b_, 75 replacement, 5_b_, 48_b_, 58, 70, 73 stiffening of, 21

Fuel oils, 35, 36, 40

Fuel tanks angle when firing, 24_b_ cleaning, 53_a_, 53_b_ description, 5_a_, 68_a_ fuel level, 53_b_, 68_a_ inspection, 53_a_ installation, 68_b_ maintenance, 68_c_ removal, 68_b_

Fuel valve adjustment, 61_a_ cleaning, 56_f_, 61_d_ description, 5_b_, 74_a_, 75_a_ effects of dirt, 42 failure to close, 62 installation, 61_a_, 74_c_, 75_c_ leaks, 56, 58 lubrication, 49 operation, 14_c_, 26_b_, 61_a_, 74_a_, 75_a_ removal, 74_b_, 75_b_ testing, 56_c_

Funnel, 35-37

- G -

Gage, fuel-tank testing, 48_b_, 56_b_, 67_d_

Gage, pressure testing, 48_b_, 53_d_, 56_b_, 67_d_

Gasoline, in fuels, 34-40, 43, 44

Gloves, 20_g_

Grease, 49

Grip safety, 14_c_, 49, 56_d_, 62, 74

Grip support, 74

Gun assembling, 74-76 carrying, 25 cleaning, 55_d_, 55_i_, 56_f_, 74_d_, 75_e_, 76_d_ description, 5_b_, 14, 72, 74-76 disassembling, 74-76 length, 9_d_ lubrication, 49 mounting board, 10_e_ preventive maintenance, 50, 52, 54-56 requisitioning, 5_b_ storage, 12_g_

Gun group assembling, 72-76 connecting to tank group, 17, 70, 73 description, 5_b_, 14, 72-76 disassembly, 72-76 lubrication, 49 maintenance, 72-76 preventive maintenance, 50, 52, 54-56 storage, 12_g_ weight, 9_c_

- H -

Heat, effect on fuel, 34-36, 40, 43

Hex wrenches, 10_a_, 48_a_, 67_d_, 76_b_, 76_c_

Hose connector, 68_a_

Hose, fuel description, 73_a_ installation, 70_c_, 73_c_, 75 length, 9_d_ maintenance, 40_j_, 73_d_ removal, 40_j_, 70_c_, 73_b_, 75 replacement, 5_b_, 48_b_, 58, 70, 73 stiffening of, 21

- I -

Identification, 6

Ignition action, 14_b_, 44, 76_a_

Ignition cylinders action, 14_b_, 31, 76_a_ description, 31, 76_a_ destruction, 30_a_, 46_f_ discarding, 30_a_ duration of fire, 9_b_ failure, 54_a_, 63, 64 loading of gun, 18, 76_a_ packing, 10_c_, 31 precautions, 18, 20, 31 storing, 31, 41 use in training, 15_b_, 18_a_, 30_a_

Ignition failure, 18, 26, 31, 44, 54_a_, 63, 64, 76_d_

Ignition head assembling, 76_c_ cleaning, 49, 52, 54_a_, 76_d_ description, 5_b_, 76_a_ disassembling, 18, 76_b_ effects of dirt, 42, 52 failure, 54_a_, 63, 64, 76_d_ installation, 76_c_ loading, 18, 76_a_ lubrication, 49, 76_d_ maintenance, 76_d_ removal, 76_b_

Ignition-head body, 76

Ignition shield, 18, 52_d_, 54_a_, 55_d_, 76

Immersion, effects of, 41

Incendiary effects, 3, 34, 44

Interchanging with E3, 7_a_

Interchanging with M1 or M1A1, 7_b_, 8

- J -

Jungle ranges, 22

- K -

Kerosene, 35_a_, 36_a_, 40

Kit tool, 10, 77_a_ spare parts, 10, 77_a_ service, 48

- L -

Lapping needle and nozzle, 75_e_

Latch, 76

Leaded gasoline, 40_n_

Leaks fuel, 56, 58, 66_b_, 68-70, 73-75 pressure, 21, 51_b_, 53_d_, 56_b_, 61_c_, 66_b_

Left valve grip, 74

Line, fuel-filling, 39

Lines, charging and filling destruction, 46 source, 48_b_ use, 32, 33

Liquid fuels aiming, 25 characteristics, 34 filling, 37, 38 precautions, 36-40 preparation, 35, 40 ranges, 22, 34

Loading ignition cylinder, 18, 76_a_

Lubrication, 49

- M -

Marking, 6, 18_a_

M1 and M1A1 portable flame throwers, 7_b_, 8

Moisture effect on fuel, 35_e_ effect on ignition cylinder, 31, 41 effect on thickener, 35_e_ effect on weapon, 41, 51_g_, 71_e_, 77_b_

Mounting board, 12_g_

- N -

Needle adjustment, 52_e_, 75_d_ cleaning, 52, 55_d_ description, 75_a_ installation, 75_c_ leaks, 58 removal, 75_b_

Nitrogen charging apparatus, 32, 33, 46, 48_b_ leaks, 56_b_, 61_c_ release of, 66_b_ volume required, 9_g_, 32_c_

Nozzle adjustment, 52_e_, 56_b_, 75_d_ cleaning, 52, 55_d_ description, 75_a_ leaks, 56_b_, 58, 75_e_

- O -

Oxygen, hazard from use, 32_c_

- P -

Packing chest cubage, 9_d_ dimensions, 9_d_ opening, 12 use of, 12, 30 weight, 9_c_

Paddle, 35, 36

Painting, 13, 41, 68_c_

Pins, (carrier) 71

Plug, coupling, 10_f_, 17, 39_c_, 48_b_, 70

Plug, filling, 37, 39, 49, 51_d_, 56_b_, 69

Plug-retainer assembly, 69

Plug, safety-head, 37, 39, 49, 51_d_, 69

Plug, testing, 56_b_, 67_d_

Point-blank range, 22

Positions, firing, 24

Precautions in training, 15 when charging, 33 when filling with fuel, 37-40 when firing, 22_a_, 24_d_ when preparing fuel, 35, 36, 40 when servicing, 57 with cylinder, 18, 31, 57 with gun, 20

Pressure charging, 32, 33 charging apparatus, 32, 33, 46, 48_b_ lack of, 56_b_, 61 leaks, 56_b_, 61_c_ pounds of, 9_f_, 32, 56_b_ release of, 66_b_ testing for, 53_d_, 56_b_

Pressure regulator adjustment, 56_b_, 59, 67_d_ description, 5_a_, 67_a_ effects of dirt, 42 installation, 66_c_, 67_c_ removal, 67_b_ replacement, 48_b_, 56_b_, 59, 67 testing, 56_b_, 61_b_, 67_d_

Pressure tank charging, 32, 33 description, 5_a_, 66_a_ installation, 66_c_ removal, 66_b_ replacement, 4_g_, 48_b_

Pressure tank and valve assembly adjustment, 66_d_ description, 5_a_, 66_a_ installation, 66_c_ maintenance, 66_e_ removal, 66_b_ testing for leaks, 53_d_

Pressure-tank clamp description, 66_a_ installation, 66_c_ removal, 66_b_ repair, 51_e_

Pressure-tank valve description, 5_a_, 66_a_ effects of dirt, 42 installation, 66_c_ operation, 14_a_, 21, 55_g_, 61_b_ removal, 66_b_ replacement, 48_b_, 66_e_ testing, 51_a_, 53_c_

Pressure-tank valve handle, 14_a_, 21, 48_b_, 66

Preventive maintenance services, 50-56

Pump force, 38 air, 39_a_

- R -

Rain, effect on firing, 41, 77_b_

Ranges, 4_c_, 15_b_, 15_c_, 22, 61, 67_d_

Recoil, 24_c_

Records, 2, 49_a_

References, 1_b_, 78

Regulator tube, 66, 67

Removal of tank group, 55_b_, 66-71

Right valve grip, 74

Rocker arm, 49, 74, 75_a_

- S -

Safety, grip, 14_c_, 62, 74

Safety-head plug, 37, 39, 51_d_, 69

Safety head, replacement, 51_d_, 54_b_, 55_f_, 56_b_, 59, 69

Screening effect, 3, 34

Screw drivers, 10_a_, 48_a_, 52_f_, 74_c_, 75_d_, 76_b_

Seine cord description, 71_a_ installation, 71_c_ replacement, 48_b_, 60, 71_e_ tightening, 51_h_, 60, 71_d_

Service kit, 48

Service, on receipt of equipment, 12, 13

Set-screw wrenches, 10_a_, 48_a_, 67_d_, 76_b_, 76_c_

Shield, ignition, 18, 52_d_, 54_a_, 55_d_, 76

Shipment, 77

Short range, causes of, 61

Sighting, 25

Skids, use of, 24

Smoke, 3, 34

Smoking, 15, 40_d_

Snap ring, 76

Soaking the target, 29

Spare parts in service kit, 48, 77_a_

Spare parts kit, 10_b_

Spray of fuel, 61_a_

Spring case cleaning, 52_j_, 76_d_ description, 76 effects of dust, 42, 52_j_ general, 10_b_, 18, 31, 76 lubrication at, 49, 52_j_, 76_d_ maintenance, 76_d_ replacement, 48_b_, 63_b_, 76_d_

Spring retainer and plug, 52_g_, 75

Spring, trigger, 63_d_, 76

Spring-type regulator, 67_d_

Spring, valve, 75

Spring, valve-grip, 74

Stem, pressure valve, 66_d_

Storage charging lines, 42 cylinders, 33, 77_a_ filling lines, 42 flame thrower, 12, 30_f_, 41, 42, 77 fuel, 35_j_, 36_i_, 40 ignition cylinders, 31

Straps, adjustment, 19, 51_i_, 60_b_, 71_d_

Sun, exposure of flame thrower to, 40, 43

Support, diaphragm, 75

- T -

Tactics, 3, 4_e_

Tank connector, 68_a_

Tank coupling cleaning, 70_d_ description, 70_a_ installation, 70_c_ leaks, 58, 70_d_ maintenance, 51_c_, 70_c_, 70_d_, 73_d_ operation, 17, 70, 73_a_ removal, 70_b_ testing, 51_c_

Tank group adjustment, 66-71 carrying, 19, 24, 55_b_, 71 connecting to gun, 4_g_, 17, 70 description, 5_a_, 65-71 dimensions, 9_d_ interchanging, 4_g_, 17, 70 installation, 66-71 maintenance, 66-71 preventive maintenance, 50, 51, 53-56 removal, 55_b_, 66-71 requisitioning, 5_a_ weight, 9_c_

Targets, 3, 25

Temperature, effects of, 34-36, 40, 43, 44, 49, 64

Test firing, 12_k_, 35_k_, 36_h_, 56_b_

Thickened fuel aiming, 25_c_, 26_c_ characteristics, 34 filling, 37-39 precautions, 35, 39, 40 preparation, 35, 40 ranges, 22, 34

Thickener destruction, 46_e_ quantity, 9_g_, 35 storage, 35 use, 35

Time of discharge, 9_b_

Tool kit, 10_a_, 77_a_

Training, 15, 30_a_

Trigger, 14_b_, 26_a_, 49, 52, 63, 76

Trigger rod description, 76_a_ lubrication, 49 maintenance, 52_l_, 76_d_

Trigger screw, 76

Trigger spring, 52_k_, 63_d_, 76

- U -

Underbrush, 22_b_

Uses of flame throwers, 3

- V -

Valve-adjusting wrench source, 48_a_ use, 75_d_

Valve, pressure-tank, 75

Valve-diaphragm assembly, 10, 48_b_, 56_c_, 58_a_, 74, 75

Valve flexible shaft adjustment, 66_d_ description, 66_a_ installation, 66_c_ lubrication, 49 removal, 66_b_

Valve grip action, 14_c_, 74_a_ description, 74_a_ effects of dirt, 42 installation, 74_c_ leaks, 58_a_ lubrication, 49, 56_d_, 74_d_ maintenance, 74_d_ removal, 74_b_

Valve-grip spring, 74

Valve lever description, 74_a_ installation, 74_c_ lubrication, 49 operation, 14_c_, 62, 74_a_ play, 52_e_ removal, 74_b_

Valve needle adjustment, 52_e_, 75_d_ cleaning, 52, 55_d_ description, 75_a_ installation, 75_c_ leaks, 58 removal, 75_b_, 75_e_

Valve, fuel adjustment, 61_a_ cleaning, 56_f_, 61_d_ description, 5_b_, 74_a_, 75_a_ effects of dirt, 42 failure to close, 62 installation, 61_a_, 74_c_, 75_c_ leaks, 56_c_, 58 lubrication, 49 operation, 14_c_, 26_b_, 61_a_, 74_a_, 75_a_ removal, 74_c_, 75_c_ testing, 56_c_

Valve pressure-tank description, 5_a_, 66_a_ effects of dirt, 42 installation, 66_c_ operation, 14_a_, 21, 55_g_, 61_b_ removal, 66_b_ replacement, 48_b_, 66_e_ testing, 51_a_, 53_c_

Valve spring, 75

Void in fuel tanks, 53_b_, 68_a_

- W -

Washer, coupling, 10_b_, 48_b_, 70, 73_d_

Washer, diaphragm, 75

Water and ignition cylinder, 31, 41 effect on fuel, 35_e_ effect on thickener, 35_e_ effect on weapon, 41, 51_g_, 71_e_ use in testing, 56_b_, 67_d_ use in training, 15

Weights, 4_d_, 9_c_

Wind, effects of, 23, 45

Wrenches, 10_a_, 48_a_, 67_d_

- Y -

Yoke, 75

Yoke block, 75

Yoke shaft, 75

_NOTES_

REPRODUCTION PLANT CHEMICAL WARFARE SCHOOL EDGEWOOD ARSENAL MD 1944