CHAPTER XV--CHANGES IN MUSICAL NOTATION 179-188

General direction of musical progress toward classification and the establishment of unities of various kinds--early letter notation of the Greeks and Romans--Roman notation as used by Guido of Arezzo--neumæ--with lines--additional lines--"Lament for Charlemagne"--notation employed by the French Trouvères--clefs--new staff proposed by an American reformer.