Part 4
Demoralization caused by AlcoholóNote from the Chicago TimesóPrejudiceóReview of the Testimony of Jacob RehmóPerjury CharacterizedóThe Defendant and the Offence Charged (p. 21)óTestimony of Golsen ReviewedóRehm's Testimony before the Grand JuryóGood Character (p. 29)óSuspicion not Evidence.
CLOSING ADDRESS TO THE JURY IN THE FIRST STAR ROUTE TRIAL.
Note from the Washington CapitalóThe Assertion Denied that we are a Demoralized Country and that our Country is Distinguished among the Nations only for CorruptionóDuties of Jurors and Duties of LawyersóSection under which the Indictment is FoundóCases cited to Show that Overt Acts charged and also the Crime itself must be Proved as DescribedóRoutes upon which Indictments are Based and Overt Acts Charged (pp. 54-76)óRoutes on which the Making of False Claims is AllegedóAuthorities on Proofs of Conspiracy (pp. 91-94)óExamination of the Evidence against Stephen W. and John W. Dorsey (pp. 96-117)óThe Corpus Delicti in a Case of Conspiracy and the Acts Necessary to be Done in Order to Establish Conspiracy (pp. 120-123)óTestimony of Walsh and the Confession of RerdellóExtravagance in Mail Carrying (p. 128)óProductiveness of Mail Routes (p. 131)óHypothesis of Guilt and Law of EvidenceóDangerous Influence of SuspicionóTerrorizing the JuryóThe Woman at Her Husband's Side.
OPENING ADDRESS TO THE JURY IN THE SECOND STAR ROUTE TRIAL.
Juries the Bulwark of Civil LibertyóSuspicion Not EvidenceóBrief Statement of the CaseóJohn M. Peck, John W. Dorsey, Stephen W. Dorsey, John R. Miner, Mr. (A. E. ) Boone (p.p. 150-156)óThe Clendenning BondsóMiner's, Peck's, and Dorsey's BidsóWhy they Bid on Cheap RoutesóNumber of Routes upon which there are IndictmentsóThe Arrangement between Stephen W. Dorsey and John R. MineróAppearance of Mr. Vaile in the ContractsóPartnership FormedóThe Routes DividedóSenator Dorsey's Course after Getting the RoutesóHis Routes turned over to James W. BosleróProfits of the Business (p. 181)óThe Petitions for More MailsóProductive and Unproductive Post-officesóMen who Add to the Wealth of the WorldóWhere the Idea of the Productiveness of Post routes was HatchedóCost of Letters to Recipients in 1843óThe Overland Mail (p. 190)óLoss in Distributing the Mail in the District of Columbia and Other TerritoriesóPost-office the only Evidence of National BeneficenceóProfit and Loss of Mail CarryingóOrders Antedated, and WhyóRoutes Increased and ExpeditedóAdditional Bonds for Additional TripsóThe Charge that Pay was Received when the Mail was not CarriedóFining on SharesóSubcontracts for Less than the Original ContractsóPay on Discontinued RoutesóAlleged False AffidavitsóRight of PetitionóReviewing the Ground.
CLOSING ADDRESS TO THE JURY IN THE SECOND STAR ROUTE TRIAL.
Scheme of the IndictmentóStory of the CaseóWhat Constitutes Fraudulent BiddingóHow a Conspiracy Must be ProvedóThe Hypothesis of Guilt and Law of EvidenceóConversation Unsatisfactory EvidenceóFallibility of MemoryóProposition to Produce Mr. Dorsey's BooksóInterruption of the Court to Decide that Primary Evidence, having Once been Refused, can not afterwards be Introduced to Contradict Secondary EvidenceóA Defendant may not be Presumed into the PenitentiaryóA Decision by Justice FieldóThe Right of PetitionóWas there a Conspiracy?óDorsey's Benevolence (p. 250)óThe Chico Springs LetteróEvidence of Moore ReviewedóMr. Ker's Defective MemoryóThe Informer SystemóTestimony of Rerdell ReviewedóHis Letter to Dorsey (p. 304)óThe Affidavit of Rerdell and DorseyóPetitions for Faster TimeóUncertainty Regarding HandwritingóGovernment Should be Incapable of DeceitóRerdell's withdrawal of the Plea of Not Guilty (p. 362)óInformers, their Immunity and EvidenceóNailing Down the Lid of Rerdell's CoffinóMistakes of Messrs. Ker and Merrick and the CourtóLetter of H. M. Vaile to the Sixth AuditoróMiner's Letter to CareyóMiner, Peck & Co. to Frank A. TuttleóAnswering Points Raised by Mr. Bliss (396 et seq.)óEvidence regarding the Payment of Money by Dorsey to BradyóA. E. Boone's Testimony ReviewedóSecrecy of Contractors Regarding the Amount of their BidsóBoone's Partnership Agreement with DorseyóExplanation of Bids in Different NamesóOmission of Instructions from Proposals (p. 450)óAccusation that Senator Mitchell was the Paid Agent of the DefendantsóAlleged Sneers at Things held SacredóWhat is a Conspiracy?óThe Theory that there was a ConspiracyóDorsey's Alleged InterestóThe Two Affidavits in EvidenceóInquiry of General MilesóWhy the Defendant's Books were not ProducedóTames W. Bosler's Testimony Read (p. 500)óThe Court shown to be Mistaken Regarding a Decision Previously Made (pp. 496-502)óNo Logic in AbuseóCharges against John W. MineróTestimony of A. W. Moore Reviewed-The Verdict PredictedóThe Defendants in the CaseóWhat is left for the Jury to SayóRemarks of Messrs. Henkle and DavidgeóThe Verdict.
ADDRESS TO THE JURY IN THE DAVIS WILL CASE.
Note from the Anaconda StandardóSenator Sander's Warning to the Jury Not to be Enticed by SinnersóEvidence, based on Quality of Handwriting, that Davis did not Write the WillóEvidence of the SpellingóAssertion that the Will was ForgedóPeculiarities of Eddy's HandwritingóHoles in Sconce's Signature and ReputationóHis MemoryóBusiness Sagacity of DavisóHis Alleged ChildrenóDate of his DeathóTestimony of Mr. KnightóInk used in Writing the WillóExpert EvidenceóSpeechlessness of John A. DavisóEddy's Failure to take the StandóTestimony of CarruthersóRelatives of SconceóMary Ann Davis's ConnectionsóThe Family TreeóThe Signature of the WillóWhat the Evidence ShowsóDuty and Opportunity of the Jury.
ARGUMENT BEFORE THE VICE-CHANCELLOR IN THE RUSSELL CASE.
Antenuptial Waiving of Dower by WomenóA Case from IllinoisóAt What Age Men and Women Cease to Feel the Tender FlameóRussell's Bargain with Mrs. RussellóAntenuptial Contract and Parole AgreementóDefinition of "Liberal Provision "óThe Woman not Bound by a Contract Made in Ignorance of the FactsóContract Destroyed by Deception.
VOLUME XI.--MISCELLANY
DETAILED CONTENTS OF VOLUME XI.
ADDRESS ON THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT.
TRIAL OF C. B. REYNOLDS FOR BLASPHEMY.
GOD IN THE CONSTITUTION.
A REPLY TO BISHOP SPALDING.
CRIMES AGAINST CRIMINALS.
A WOODEN GOD.
SOME INTERROGATION POINTS.
ART AND MORALITY.
THE DIVIDED HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH.
WHY AM I AN AGNOSTIC?
HUXLEY AND AGNOSTICISM.
ERNEST RENAN.
TOLSTOœ AND "THE KREUTZER SONATA."
THOMAS PAINE.
THE THREE PHILANTHROPISTS.
SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?
A WORD ABOUT EDUCATION.
WHAT I WANT FOR CHRISTMAS.
FOOL FRIENDS.
INSPIRATION
THE TRUTH OF HISTORY.
HOW TO EDIT A LIBERAL PAPER.
SECULARISM.
CRITICISM OF "ROBERT ELSMERE," "JOHN WARD, PREACHER," AND "AN AFRICAN FARM."
THE LIBEL LAWS
REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.
AN ESSAY ON CHRISTMAS.
HAS FREETHOUGHT A CONSTRUCTIVE SIDE?
THE IMPROVED MAN.
EIGHT HOURS MUST COME.
THE JEWS.
CRUMBLING CREEDS.
OUR SCHOOLS.
VIVISECTION.
THE CENSUS ENUMERATOR'S OFFICIAL CATECHISM.
THE AGNOSTIC CHRISTMAS
SPIRITUALITY.
SUMTER'S GUN.
WHAT INFIDELS HAVE DONE.
CRUELTY IN THE ELMIRA REFORMATORY.
LAW'S DELAY.
THE BIGOTRY OF COLLEGES.
A YOUNG MAN'S CHANCES TO-DAY.
SCIENCE AND SENTIMENT.
SOWING AND REAPING.
SHOULD INFIDELS SEND THEIR CHILDREN TO SUNDAY SCHOOL?
WHAT WOULD YOU SUBSTITUTE FOR THE BIBLE AS A MORAL GUIDE?
GOVERNOR ROLLINS' FAST-DAY PROCLAMATION.
A LOOK BACKWARD AND A PROPHECY.
POLITICAL MORALITY.
A FEW REASONS FOR DOUBTING THE INSPIRATION OF THE BIBLE.
DETAILED CONTENTS OF VOLUME XI.
ADDRESS ON THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT.
Introduction by Frederick Douglass("Abou Ben Adhem")óDecision of the United States Supreme Court pronouncing the Civil Rights Act UnconstitutionalóLimitations of JudgesóIllusion Destroyed by the Decision in the Dred Scott CaseóMistake of Our Fathers in adopting the Common Law of EnglandóThe 13th Amendment to the Constitution QuotedóThe Clause of the Constitution upholding SlaveryóEffect of this ClauseóDefinitions of a State by Justice Wilson and Chief Justice ChaseóEffect of the Thirteenth AmendmentóJustice Field on Involuntary ServitudeóCivil Rights Act QuotedóDefinition of the Word Servitude by the Supreme CourtóObvious Purpose of the AmendmentóJustice Miller on the 14th AmendmentóCitizens Created by this AmendmentóOpinion of Justice FieldóRights and Immunities guaranteed by the ConstitutionóOpinion delivered by Chief-Justice WaiteóFurther Opinions of Courts on the question of CitizenshipóEffect of the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendmentsó"Corrective" Legislation by CongressóDenial of equal "Social" PrivilegesóIs a State responsible for the Action of its Agent when acting contrary to Law?óThe Word "State" must include the People of the State as well as the Officers of the StateóThe Louisiana Civil Rights Law, and a Case tried under itóUniformity of Duties essential to the CarrieróCongress left Powerless to protect Rights conferred by the ConstitutionóDefinition of "Appropriate Legislation"óPropositions laid down regarding the Sovereignty of the State, the powers of the General Government, etc.óA Tribute to Justice HarlanóA Denial that Property exists by Virtue of LawóCivil Rights not a Question of Social EqualityóConsiderations upon which Social Equality dependsóLiberty not a Question of Social EqualityóThe Superior ManóInconsistencies of the PastóNo Reason why we should Hate the Colored PeopleóThe Issues that are upon Us.
TRIAL OF C. B. REYNOLDS FOR BLASPHEMY.
ADDRESS TO THE JURY.
Report of the Case from the New York Times (note)óThe Right to express OpinionsóAttempts to Rule the Minds of Men by ForceóLiberty the Greatest GoodóIntellectual Hospitality DefinedóWhen the Catholic Church had PoweróAdvent of the ProtestantsóThe Puritans, Quakers. Unitarians, UniversalistsóWhat is Blasphemy?óWhy this Trial should not have Taken PlaceóArgument cannot be put in JailóThe Constitution of New JerseyóA higher Law than Men can MakeóThe Blasphemy Statute Quoted and DiscussedóIs the Statute Constitutional?óThe Harm done by Blasphemy LawsóThe Meaning of this PersecutionóReligions are EphemeralóLet us judge each other by our ActionsóMen who have braved Public Opinion should be HonoredóThe Blasphemy Law if enforced would rob the World of the Results of Scientific ResearchóIt declares the Great Men of to-day to be CriminalsóThe Indictment Read and Commented uponóLaws that go to SleepóObsolete Dogmas the Denial of which was once punished by DeathóBlasphemy CharacterizedóOn the Argument that Blasphemy Endangers the Public PeaceóA Definition of real BlasphemyóTrials for Blasphemy in EnglandóThe case of Abner KneelandóTrue Worship, Prayer, and ReligionóWhat is Holy and SacredóWhat is Claimed in this CaseóFor the Honor of the StateóThe word LibertyóResult of the Trial (note).
GOD IN THE CONSTITUTION.
The Feudal SystemóOffice and Purpose of our ConstitutionóWhich God shall we Select?óThe Existence of any God a Matter of OpinionóWhat is entailed by a Recognition of a God in the ConstitutionóCan the Infinite be Flattered with a Constitutional Amendment?óThis government is SecularóThe Government of God a FailureóThe Difference between the Theological and the Secular SpiritóA Nation neither Christian nor InfidelóThe Priest no longer a NecessityóProgress of Science and the Development of the Mind.
A REPLY TO BISHOP SPALDING.
On God in the ConstitutionóWhy the Constitutional Convention ignored the Question of ReligionóThe Fathers MisrepresentedóReasons why the Attributes of God should not form an Organic Part of the Law of the LandóThe Effect of a Clause Recognizing God.
CRIMES AGAINST CRIMINALS.
The Three Pests of a CommunityóI. Forms of Punishment and TortureóMore Crimes Committed than Prevented by GovernmentsóII. Are not Vices transmitted by Nature?ó111. Is it Possible for all People to be Honest?óChildren of Vice as the natural Product of SocietyóStatistics: the Relation between Insanity, Pauperism, and CrimeóIV. The Martyrs of ViceóFranklin's Interest in the Treatment of PrisonersóV. Kindness as a RemedyóCondition of the Discharged PrisoneróVI. Compensation for ConvictsóVII. Professional CriminalsóShall the Nation take Life?óInfluence of Public Executions on the SpectatorsóLynchers for the Most Part Criminals at HeartóVIII. The Poverty of the Many a perpetual MenaceóLimitations of Land-holding.óIX. Defective Education by our SchoolsóHands should be educated as well as HeadóConduct improved by a clearer Perception of ConsequencesóX. The Discipline of the average Prison Hardening and DegradingóWhile Society cringes before Great Thieves there will be Little Ones to fill the JailsóXI. Our Ignorance Should make us Hesitate.
A WOODEN GOD.
On Christian and Chinese worshipóReport of the Select Committee on Chinese ImmigrationóThe only true God as contrasted with JossóSacrifices to the "Living God"óMessrs. Wright, Dickey, O'Connor and Murch on the "Religious System" of the American UnionóHow to prove that Christians are better than HeathensóInjustice in the Name of GodóAn honest Merchant the best MissionaryóA Few Extracts from ConfuciusóThe Report proves that the Wise Men of China who predicted that Christians could not be Trusted were not only Philosophers but Prophets.
SOME INTERROGATION POINTS.
A New Party and its PurposeóThe Classes that Exist in every CountryóEffect of Education on the Common PeopleóWants Increased by IntelligenceóThe Dream of 1776óThe Monopolist and the CompetitoróThe War between the Gould and Mackay CablesóCompetition between MonopoliesóAll Advance in Legislation made by Repealing LawsóWages and Values not to be fixed by LawóMen and MachinesóThe Specific of the Capitalist: EconomyóThe poor Man and Woman devoured by their Fellow-menóSocialism one of the Worst Possible forms of SlaveryóLiberty not to be exchanged for ComfortóWill the Workers always give their Earnings for the Useless?óPriests, Successful Frauds, and Robed Impostors.
ART AND MORALITY.
The Origin of Man's ThoughtsóThe imaginative Manó"Medicinal View" of PoetryóRhyme and ReligionóThe theological Poets and their Purpose in WritingóMoral Poets and their "Unwelcome Truths"óThe really Passionate are the VirtuousóDifference between the Nude and the NakedóMorality the Melody of ConductóThe inculcation of Moral Lessons not contemplated by Artists or great NovelistsóMistaken ReformersóArt not a SermonóLanguage a Multitude of PicturesóGreat Pictures and Great Statues painted and chiseled with WordsóMediocrity moral from a Necessity which it calls VirtueóWhy Art CivilizesóThe NudeóThe Venus de MiloóThis is Art.
THE DIVIDED HOUSEHOLD OF FAITH.
The Way in which Theological Seminaries were EndowedóReligious Guide-boardsóVast Interests interwoven with CreedsóPretensions of ChristianityóKepler's Discovery of his Three Great LawsóEquivocations and Evasions of the ChurchóNature's Testimony against the BibleóThe Age of Man on the Earthó"Inspired" Morality of the BibleóMiraclesóChristian DogmasóWhat the church has been Compelled to AbandonóThe Appeal to Epithets, Hatred and Punishmentó"Spirituality" the last Resource of the OrthodoxóWhat is it to be Spiritual?óTwo Questions for the Defenders of Orthodox Creeds.
WHY AM I AN AGNOSTIC?
Part I. Inharmony of Nature and the Lot of Man with the Goodness and Wisdom of a supposed DeityóWhy a Creator is ImaginedóDifficulty of the Act of CreationóBelief in Supernatural BeingsóBelief and Worship among SavagesóQuestions of Origin and DestinyóProgress impossible without Change of BeliefóCircumstances Determining BeliefóHow may the True Religion be Ascertained?óProsperity of Nations nor Virtue of Individuals Dependent on Religions or GodsóUninspired Books SuperioróPart II. The Christian ReligionóCredulityóMiracles cannot be EstablishedóEffect of TestimonyóMiraculous Qualities of all ReligionsóTheists and NaturalistsóThe Miracle of InspirationóHow can the alleged Fact of Inspiration be Established?óGod's work and Man'sóRewards for Falsehood offered by the Church.
HUXLEY AND AGNOSTICISM.
Statement by the Principal of King's CollegeóOn the Irrelevancy of a Lack of Scientific KnowledgeóDifference between the Agnostic and the Christian not in Knowledge but in CredulityóThe real name of an Agnostic said to be "Infidel"óWhat an Infidel isó"Unpleasant" significance of the WordóBelief in Christó"Our Lord and his Apostles" possibly Honest MenóTheir Character not InvokedóPossession by evil spiritsóProfessor Huxley's Candor and ClearnessóThe splendid Dream of Auguste ComteóStatement of the Positive PhilosophyóHuxley and Harrison.
ERNEST RENAN.
His Rearing and his Anticipated BiographyóThe complex Character of the Christ of the GospelsóRegarded as a Man by RenanóThe Sin against the Holy GhostóRenan on the GospelsóNo Evidence that they were written by the Men whose Names they BearóWritten long after the Events they DescribeóMetaphysics of the Church found in the Gospel of JohnóNot Apparent why Four Gospels should have been WrittenóRegarded as legendary BiographiesóIn "flagrant contradiction one with another"óThe Divine Origin of Christ an After-growthóImprobable that he intended to form a ChurchóRenan's LimitationsóHebrew ScholarshipóHis "People of Israel"óHis Banter and Blasphemy.
TOLSTOY AND "THE KREUTZER SONATA."
Tolstoy's Belief and PhilosophyóHis AsceticismóHis View of Human LoveóPurpose of "The Kreutzer Sonata"óProfound Difference between the Love of Men and that of WomenóTolstoy cannot now found a Religion, but may create the Necessity for another AsylumóThe EmotionsóThe Curious Opinion Dried Apples have of Fruit upon the TreeóImpracticability of selling All and giving to the PooróLove and ObedienceóUnhappiness in the Marriage Relation not the fault of Marriage.
THOMAS PAINE.
Life by Moncure D. ConwayóEarly Advocacy of Reforms against Dueling and Cruelty to AnimalsóThe First to write "The United States of America"óWashington's Sentiment against Separation from Great BritainóPaine's Thoughts in the Declaration of IndependenceóAuthor of the first Proclamation of Emancipation in AmericaóEstablishment of a Fund for the Relief of the ArmyóH's "Farewell Address"óThe "Rights of Man"óElected to the French ConventionóEfforts to save the Life of the KingóHis Thoughts on ReligionóArrestedóThe "Age of Reason" and the Weapons it has furnished "Advanced Theologians"óNeglect by Gouverneur Morris and WashingtonóJames Monroe's letter to Paine and to the Committee of General SafetyóThe vaunted Religious Liberty of Colonial MarylandóOrthodox Christianity at the Beginning of the 19th CenturyóNew Definitions of GodóThe Funeral of Paine.
THE THREE PHILANTHROPISTS.
I. Mr. A., the Professional Philanthropist, who established a Colony for the Enslavement of the Poor who could not take care of themselves, amassed a large Fortune thereby, built several churches, and earned the Epitaph, "He was the Providence of the Poor"óII. Mr. B., the Manufacturer, who enriched himself by taking advantage of the Necessities of the Poor, paid the lowest Rate of Wages, considered himself one of God's Stewards, endowed the "B Asylum" and the "B College," never lost a Dollar, and of whom it was recorded, "He Lived for Others." III. Mr. C., who divided his Profits with the People who had earned it, established no Public Institutions, suppressed Nobody; and those who have worked for him said, "He allowed Others to live for Themselves."
SHOULD THE CHINESE BE EXCLUDED?
Trampling on the Rights of InferiorsóRise of the Irish and Germans to PoweróThe Burlingame TreatyóCharacter of Chinese LaborersóTheir Enemies in the Pacific StatesóViolation of TreatiesóThe Geary LawóThe Chinese Hated for their VirtuesóMore Piety than Principle among the People's RepresentativesóShall we go back to Barbarism?
A WORD ABOUT EDUCATION.
What the Educated Man KnowsóNecessity of finding out the Facts of Natureó"Scholars" not always Educated Men; from necessaries to luxuries; who may be called educated; mental misers; the first duty of man; university education not necessary to usefulness, no advantage in learning useless facts.
WHAT I WANT FOR CHRISTMAS.
Would have the Kings and Emperors resign, the Nobility drop their Titles, the Professors agree to teach only What they Know, the Politicians changed to Statesmen, the Editors print only the TruthóWould like to see Drunkenness and Prohibition abolished, Corporal Punishment done away with, and the whole World free.
FOOL FRIENDS.
The Fool Friend believes every Story against you, never denies a Lie unless it is in your Favor, regards your Reputation as Common Prey, forgets his Principles to gratify your Enemies, and is so friendly that you cannot Kick him.
INSPIRATION.
Nature tells a different Story to all Eyes and EarsóHorace Greeley and the Big TreesóThe Man who "always did like rolling land"óWhat the Snow looked like to the GermanóShakespeare's different Story for each ReaderóAs with Nature so with the Bible.
THE TRUTH OF HISTORY.
People who live by LyingóA Case in pointóH. Hodson Rugg's Account of the Conversion of Ingersoll and 5,000 of his FollowersóThe "Identity of Lost Israel with the British Nation"óOld Falsehoods about InfidelsóThe New York Observer and Thomas PaineóA Rascally English EditoróThe Charge that Ingersoll's Son had been ConvertedóThe Fecundity of Falsehood.
HOW TO EDIT A LIBERAL PAPER.
The Editor should not narrow his Horizon so that he can see only One ThingóTo know the Defects of the Bible is but the Beginning of WisdomóThe Liberal Paper should not discuss Theological Questions AloneóA Column for ChildrenóCandor and KindnessóNothing should be Asserted that is not KnownóAbove All, teach the Absolute Freedom of the Mind.
SECULARISM.
The religion of Humanity; what it Embraces and what it AdvocatesóA Protest against Ecclesiastical TyrannyóBelieves in Building a Home hereóMeans Food and FiresideóThe Right to express your ThoughtóIts advice to every Human BeingóA Religion without Mysteries, Miracles, or Persecutions.
CRITICISM OF "ROBERT ELSMERE," "JOHN WARD, PREACHER," AND "AN AFRICAN FARM."
Religion unsoftened by InfidelityóThe Orthodox Minister whose Wife has a HeartóHonesty of Opinion not a Mitigating CircumstanceóRepulsiveness of an Orthodox LifeóJohn Ward an Object of PityóLyndall of the "African Farm"óThe Story of the HunteróDeath of WaldoóWomen the Caryatides of the ChurchóAttitude of Christianity toward other ReligionsóEgotism of the ancient Jews.
THE LIBEL LAWS.
All Articles appearing in a newspaper should be Signed by the WriteróThe Law if changed should throw greater Safeguards around the Reputation of the CitizenóPains should be taken to give Prominence to RetractionsóThe Libel Laws like a Bayonet in War.
REV. DR. NEWTON'S SERMON ON A NEW RELIGION.
Mr. Newton not Regarded as a ScepticóNew Meanings given to Old WordsóThe vanishing Picture of HellóThe AtonementóConfidence being Lost in the Morality of the GospelóExclusiveness of the ChurchesóThe Hope of Immortality and Belief in God have Nothing to do with Real ReligionóSpecial Providence a Mistake.
AN ESSAY ON CHRISTMAS.
The Day regarded as a HolidayóA Festival far older than ChristianityóRelics of Sun-worship in Christian CeremoniesóChristianity furnished new Steam for an old EngineóPagan Festivals correspond to OursóWhy Holidays are PopularóThey must be for the Benefit of the People.
HAS FREETHOUGHT A CONSTRUCTIVE SIDE?
The Object of Freethoughtówhat the Religionist calls "Affirmative and Positive"óThe Positive Side of FreethoughtóConstructive Work of Christianity.
THE IMPROVED MAN.
He will be in Favor of universal Liberty, neither Master nor Slave; of Equality and Education; will develop in the Direction of the Beautiful; will believe only in the Religion of this WorldóHis MottoóWill not endeavor to change the Mind of the "Infinite"óWill have no Bells or CensersóWill be satisfied that the Supernatural does not existóWill be Self-poised, Independent, Candid and Free.
EIGHT HOURS MUST COME.
The Working People should be protected by LawóLife of no particular Importance to the Man who gets up before Daylight and works till after DarkóA Revolution probable in the Relations between Labor and CapitalóWorking People becoming Educated and more IndependentóThe Government can Aid by means of Good LawsóWomen the worst PaidóThere should be no Resort to Force by either Labor or Capital.
THE JEWS.
Much like People of other ReligionsóTeaching given Christian Children about those who die in the Faith of AbrahamóDr. John Hall on the Persecution of the Jews in Russia as the Fulfillment of ProphecyóHostility of Orthodox early Christians excited by Jewish Witnesses against the FaithóAn infamous Chapter of HistoryóGood and bad Men of every FaithóJews should outgrow their own SuperstitionsóWhat the intelligent Jew Knows.
CRUMBLING CREEDS.
The Common People called upon to Decide as between the Universities and the SynodsóModern Medicine, Law, Literature and Pictures as against the OldóCreeds agree with the Sciences of their DayóApology the Prelude to RetreatóThe Presbyterian Creed Infamous, but no worse than the CatholicóProgress begins when Expression of Opinion is AllowedóExamining the Religions of other CountriesóThe Pulpit's Position LostóThe Dogma of Eternal Pain the Cause of the orthodox Creeds losing PopularityóEvery Church teaching this Infinite Lie must Fall.
OUR SCHOOLS.
Education the only Lever capable of raising MankindóThe School-house more Important than the ChurchóCriticism of New York's School-BuildingsóThe Kindergarten System RecommendedóPoor Pay of TeachersóThe great Danger to the Republic is Ignorance.
VIVISECTION.
The Hell of ScienceóBrutal Curiosity of VivisectorsóThe Pretence that they are working for the Good of ManóHave these scientific Assassins added to useful Knowledge?óNo Good to the Race to be Accomplished by TortureóThe Tendency to produce a Race of intelligent Wild Beasts.
THE CENSUS ENUMERATOR'S OFFICIAL CATECHISM.
Right of the Government to ask Questions and of the Citizen to refuse to answer themóMatters which the Government has no Right to pry intoóExposing the Debtor's financial ConditionóA Man might decline to tell whether he has a Chronic Disease or not.
THE AGNOSTIC CHRISTMAS.
Natural Phenomena and Myths celebratedóThe great Day of the first Religion, Sun-worshipóA God that Knew no Hatred nor Sought RevengeóThe Festival of Light.
SPIRITUALITY.
A much-abused WordóThe Early Christians too Spiritual to be CivilizedóCalvin and KnoxóPaine, Voltaire and Humboldt not SpiritualóDarwin also LackingóWhat it is to be really SpiritualóNo connection with Superstition.
SUMTER'S GUN.
What were thereby blown into Rags and RavelingsóThe Birth of a new Epoch announcedóLincoln made the most commanding Figure of the CenturyóStory of its Echoes.
WHAT INFIDELS HAVE DONE.
What might have been Asked of a Christian 100 years after ChristóHospitals and Asylums not all built for CharityóGirard CollegeóLick ObservatoryóCarnegie not an Orthodox ChristianóChristian CollegesóGive us Time.
CRUELTY IN THE ELMIRA REFORMATORY.
Brockway a SavageóThe Lash will neither develop the Brain nor cultivate the HeartóBrutality a FailureóBishop Potter's apostolical Remark.
LAW'S DELAY.
The Object of a TrialóJustice can afford to WaitóThe right of AppealóCase of Mrs. MaybrickóLife Imprisonment for MurderersóAmerican Courts better than the English. BIGOTRY OF COLLEGES. Universities naturally ConservativeóKansas State University's Objection to Ingersoll as a commencement OratoróComment by Mr. Depew (note)óAction of Cornell and the University of Missouri.
A YOUNG MAN'S CHANCES TO-DAY.
The Chances a few Years agoóCapital now RequiredóIncreasing competition in Civilized LifeóIndependence the first ObjectóIf he has something to say, there will be plenty to listen.
SCIENCE AND SENTIMENT.
Science goes hand in hand with ImaginationóArtistic and Ethical DevelopmentóScience destroys Superstition, not true ReligionóEducation preferable to LegislationóOur Obligation to our Children.
"SOWING AND REAPING."
Moody's Belief accounted foróA dishonest and corrupting DoctrineóA want of Philosophy and SenseóHave Souls in Heaven no Regrets?óMr. Moody should read some useful Books.