CHAPTER XXXVII.

LIFE ON THE SHORES OF HUDSON BAY AND LABRADOR.

The bleak shores unprogressive--Now as at the beginning--York Factory--Description of Ballantyne--The weather--Summer comes with a rush--Picking up subsistence--The Indian trade--Inhospitable Labrador--Establishment of Ungava Bay--McLean at Fort Chimo--Herds of cariboo--Eskimo rafts--"Shadowy Tartarus"--The king's domains--Mingan--Mackenzie--The gulf settlements--The Moravians--Their four missions--Rigolette, the chief trading post--A school for developing character--Chief Factor Donald A. Smith--Journeys along the coast--A barren shore 376