CHAPTER IV.

GREEK CRITICISM AFTER ARISTOTLE. SCHOLASTIC AND MISCELLANEOUS.

Development of Criticism 60 Theophrastus and others 61 Criticism of the later Philosophical Schools: The Stoics 62 The Epicureans: Philodemus 63 The Pyrrhonists: Sextus Empiricus 64 The Academics 66 The Neo-Platonists 67 Plotinus 67 Porphyry 68 Rhetoricians and Grammarians 70 Rhetoric early stereotyped 72 Grammatical and Scholiastic criticism 73 The Pergamene and Alexandrian Schools 74 Their Four Masters 75 The Scholiasts on Aristophanes 76 On Sophocles 77 On Homer 78 The Literary Epigrams of the Anthology 81 The Rhetoric of the Schools 87 Its documents 88 The _Progymnasmata_ of Hermogenes 90 Remarks on them 91

Aphthonius 92 Theon 93 Nicolaus 95 Nicephorus 95 Minors 95 General remarks on the Progymnasmata 96 The Commentaries on them 96 The “Art” of Hermogenes 97 Other “Arts,” &c. 100 Treatises on Figures 102 The Demetrian _De Interpretatione_ 103 Menander on Epideictic 104 Others 105 The _Rhetoric_ or _De Inventione_ of Longinus 106 Survey of School Rhetoric 107 The Practical Rhetoricians or Masters of Epideictic 108 Dion Chrysostom 109 Aristides of Smyrna 113 Maximus Tyrius 117 Philostratus 118 Libanius 121 Themistius 124 Julian 125