Part 3

cell, a small room. cart, a vehicle. sell, to barter away. carte, a bill of fare. cent, a small coin. dear, costly; beloved. sent, did send. deer, an animal. scent, odor; smell. due, owing; fit. chased, did chase. dew (du), moisture condensed. chaste, pure. clause, part of a sentence. doe, the female deer. claws, the nails of a beast. dough, unbaked paste. cord, a small rope. dram, a glass of spirits. chord, musical tones in hamony drachm, a small weight. fane, a temple. cote, a pen; a fold. fain, gladly. coat, an outer garment. feign, to pretend.

Lesson 90.

be speak' ab solve' ad judge' in dulge' nan keen' de volve' be grudge' re pulse' im plead' dis solve' sub duct' suc cumb' con ceal' re solve' be numb' af front' con geal' re spond' con vulse' a mong' re frain' re print' re proach' re take' re main' re strict' en croach' re trace' re strain' re sist' pa trol' re pay' re tain' sub mit' pa role' de lay' re tail' dis tinct' be fore' al lay'

Lesson 91.

dust, powdered earth. day, twenty-four hours. dost, second person of do. dey, a Turkish title. earn, to gain by labor. ewe (yu), a female sheep. urn, a kind of vase. you, the person spoken to. ern, the sea-eagle. die, to expire. yew (yu), a kind of tree. dye, to color. eye, the organ of sight. draught (draft), drawing I, myself. ay, yes. draft, a bill of exchange. aye, an affirmative vote. dun, a dark color. flee, to run away. done, performed. flea, an insect. fate, destiny. flew (flu) , did fly. fete, a festival. flue, a passage for smoke.

Lesson 92.

ag'ile hack'ney pas'sive bis'cuit al'oes knap'sack prac'tice fil'bert dac'tyl lad'der rab'id im'age fash'ion lat'tice rap'id im'pulse gal'ley lan'cet tac'tics mil'dew bit'tern crys'tal crim'son kid'ney brisk'et dis'tance grid'dle lin'tel cis'tern dis'taff live'long liq'uid chim'ney dwin'dle gyp'sy liq'uor chis'el pick'le hith'er rid'dance

Lesson 93.

slui'cy bol'ster cer'tain driz'zle jui'cy court'ship sur'ly tick'le stew'ard fro'ward sur'geon twink'le jew'el co'coa ear'nest thim'ble neu'tral nose'gay jour'nal vil'lain cor'ner gor'gon au'dit so'da cor'sair lord'ship caus'tic so'fa. corse'let mor'bid awk'ward so'ber for'feit mort'gage gaud'y sto'ic gor'geous mor'sel lau'rel to'paz

Lesson 94.

DICTATION EXERCISES.

The awl is used by all shoe-makers. He said that he would do aught that he ought to do. The man who stole the bale of goods gave bail. The Bey rode a bay horse around the bay. Deer break through the brake and brush. He had just lain down in the narrow lane. The horse with the long mane ran through the main street of a town in Maine. Which of the pair of fine pears will you pare for the child? The joiner's plane will smooth the plain door. You can rein your horse, if it should rain. The kings reign wisely.

Lesson 95.

bal'us trade fab'ri cate bev'er age al'ka li gal'ax y cher'u bim al'ka line mas'to don dem'o crat ap'o gee mack'er el den'i zen al'i quot mar'i ner den'si ty as'ter isk par'a graph ex'or cist az'i muth par'al lax ed'i fy bach'e lor par'a gon em'a nate cal'a bash par'a pet em'pha size cal'a mus par'a phrase ep'i cure

Lesson 96.

fir, a kind of tree. fort, a stronghold. fur, soft hair. forte, one's strong point. faint, weak; languid. forth, forward. feint, a pretense. fourth, the next after third. fair, clear; handsome. fare, food; cost of passage. frays, quarrels. phrase, part of a sentence, feet, plural of foot. fore, toward the front. feat, an exploit. four, twice two. floe, a large piece of ice. foul, impure. flow, a current. fowl, a bird. flour, ground wheat. freeze, to become ice. flow'er, a blossom. frieze, a kind of cloth.

Lesson 97.

ex'pe dite' ped'i ment cur'ren cy hel'le bore pel'i can ful'some ly per'i gee pet'u lant nul'li ty reg'i cide rec'om pense sub'si dy rec'on dite' spher'ic al sub'ter fuge fif'ti eth syn'o nym con'ju gate mir'a cle tyr'an nize con'tro vert nim'ble ness witch'er y con'se crate rig'or ous wil'der ness cor'o net ris'i ble whim'si cal dom'i nant

Lesson 98.

ar'bi trate hard'i hood for'mu la ar'ma ment har'le quin gor'mand ize ar'mis tice car'ni val or'der ly ar'chi tect car'bon ate or'di nal arch'er y gar'den er or'di nate bar'ba rism gar'ni ture or'phan age dec'i mal met'a phor crit'i cism des'pot ism ed'it or cyl'in der em'pha sis sen'a tor mys'ter y ep'i taph ser'a phim mys'ti fy leth'ar gy spec'i men phys'ic al pen'ta teuch spec'u late typ'i fy

Lesson 99.

Short and long Sounds of the Vowels.

but'ler com'mon dis'mal blem'ish buck'ler dog'ma dis'trict elem'ent cud'gel dol'phin mim'ic cher'ry judg'ment hos'tile mis'sive cred'it snuff'ers mod'ern syn'od em'bers bond'age con'vent cli'max aid'ance cot'tage soph'ist fi'brous bail'iff for'age sor'rel hy'brid base'ment hos'tage stop'ple hy'men brace'let pros'trate tod'dy hy'phen brave'ly

Lesson 100.

furs, skins with soft hair. groan, a deep sigh. furze, a prickly shrub. grown, increased. gage, to pledge. gall, bile. gauge, to measure. Gaul, old name of France. gate, door; entrance. gild, to overlay with gold. gait, manner of walking. guild, a corporation. gilt, adorned with gold. gloze, to smooth over. guilt, crime. glows, shines. great, large; vast. guest, a visitor. grate, a range of bars. guessed, did guess. grease, soft fat. hale, sound; healthy. Greece, a country. hail, frozen rain.

Lesson 101.

a lert' ex pert' sub vert' re move' as sert' in ert' su perb' a do' a ver' in fer' ab surd' a loof' a vert' in sert' re cur' bal loon' con cern' in vert' de mur' buf foon' per vert' pre fer' dis turb' hal loo' a vail' re claim' dis play" be fall' a wait' ab stain' en tail' re call' de cay' ac quaint' ob tain' en thrall' de claim' af fray' con tain' re sort' de fray' as suage' per suade' as sort' pre vail' block ade' a broad' be sought'

Lesson 102.

al'pha pad'lock ad'dle hon'ey an'ise plac'id bar'rack com'fort brack'et Sab'bath man'date moth'er dam'ask saf'fron man'ly oth'er mad'der stag'nant stag'nate smoth'er clos'et con'trite cher'ish ves'tal com'ment oc'tave den'tist leg'ate con'course vol'ume fresh'et mem'brane con'text bon'fire rel'ish mes'sage con'vex con'quer rem'nant res'cue

Lesson 103.

flout a fresh' fir'kin a'er ate' meant con temn' serv'ile la'i ty wren con tempt' skir'mish de'vi ous quick com mand' ster'ling re'al ize solve com mence' sur'feit re'qui em wrong com mend' ur'gent co'gen cy quince com pact' fur'lough no'ti fy shrimp com plaint' jas'mine po'ten cy cause es tray' lack'ey o'ri ole gauze ap proach' latch'et o'ri ent quoin cor rode' mat'in jo'vi al squaw cur tail' scat'ter vo'ta ry cross re pute' sav'age zo'di ac

Lesson 104.

DICTATION EXERCISES.

I accept all your presents except the last. His joy was in excess, at the news of his access to fortune. Though your terms exceed my expectations, I must accede to them. The best cosmetic is air and exercise. He pretended to exorcise evil spirits. Both assent to go up the ascent. He was indicted for inditing a false letter. Champagne is made in France. The soldiers crossed the champaign. The law will levy a tax to build a levee. The levee was held at the mayor's residence. The senior brother was addressed as seignior.

Lesson 105.

cer'ti fy for'ti fy cog'ni zance fer'ti lize for'ti tude con'ju gal herb'al ist fort'u nate glob'u lar serv'i tude or'di nance or'i gin ter'mi nate or'gan ism hom'i ly fer'ven cy ar'bi ter af'flu ent mer'cu ry ar'ter y bal'us ter nurs'er y har'mo ny bar'ri er per'fi dy lar'ce ny bar'ris ter per'ju ry har'mo nize car'ri on

Lesson 106.

Words accented on the first Syllable.

cler'ic al fes'ti val li'bra ry el'e gy eth'ic al like'li hood em'i grant her'ald ry mi'cro cosm em'per or her'e tic mi'cro scope ep'i gram her'o ism ni'tro gen pa'pa cy di'a lect ped'ant ry fla'gran cy di'a gram ped'es tal fra'gran cy di'a ry med'i cine ra'di ance fin'er y lex'i con sla'ver y i'vo ry sed'u lous main'te nance pli'a ble quer'u lous

Lesson 107.

Monosyllables representing different Sounds.

stray sleet strike trope curse ache fleece trite grope hearse bathe steer splice broke purge lathe speech stripe stroke scourge plaint sphere tithe cloak verge brain fief yield crock squeal slave field fierce block league quake thief pierce flock plead stave fiend tierce shock squeak plague shriek niece mock heath

Lesson 108.

SYNTHETIC EXERCISES.

Make Sentences containing the following Words.

bough, a branch of a tree. grieves, laments. bow, to bend. greaves, armor for the legs. brute, a beast. hew (hu), to cut; to chop. bruit, to noise abroad. hue, a color; dye. cite, to summon. Hugh, a man's name. site, a situation. kill, to deprive of life. sight, the sense of seeing. kiln, a large oven. climb, to ascend. leaf, of a tree or book. clime, climate; region. lief, willingly; gladly. core, the inner part. maze, an intricate place. corps, a body of soldiers. maize, Indian corn. creek, a narrow inlet. mean, low; middle point. creak, a grating noise. mien, air; manner.

Lesson 109.

Miscellaneous Sounds.

bul'let coop'er nor'mal pre cise' bull'y wool'en or'phan pre side' bull'ock cool'ly tor'por pro scribe' bul'rush scoun'drel quar'ter com mode' bush'el bal'sam ac claim' en gross' bull'ion squad'ron o paque' con sume' crup'per war'rant sca lene' pre sume' cuck'oo quad'rant se cede' be dew'

Lesson 110.

false naught pitch batch edge quart sought flitch match hedge sward bought stitch hatch ledge swarm bright fitch latch wedge thwart plight hitch patch fledge bilge budge fosse breadth twinge bridge judge thong breast print ridge drudge notch cleanse fling hinge grudge blotch friend string cringe plunge prompt knell swift

Lesson 111.

hall, a large room. hoop, a ring; a band. haul, to drag by force. whoop, to make a noise. hay, dried grass. hied, made haste. hey! an exclamation. hide, to conceal. hare, an animal. hoard, to lay up. hair, of the head. horde, a tribe. heal, to cure. hoes, plural of hoe. heel, hinder part of the foot. hose, stockings. jam, a conserve of fruit. hire, wages. jamb, the sidepiece of a high'er, more high. door or fireplace. hoe, a farming tool. knead, to work dough. ho! an exclamation. need, want.

Lesson 112.

faith theme length sor'row sol'emn scrape chime launch dur'ing hire'ling strange whilst morgue gib'bet tres'pass greet smart pledge bod'kin shil'ling perch badge gourd gos'ling mat'tock champ dodge schist lob'by ram'part drench brawl flounce tan'sy tran'quil squeeze dwarf screech lock'et cun'ning grist yawl spasm van'dal her'ring shrink grant starve ex'tra drug'gist copse spunk scalp cut'lass spon'sor

Lesson 113.

knight, a title of honor. lee, the sheltered side. night, time of darkness. lea, a meadow; field. knave, a wicked person. lie, to deceive. nave, hub of a wheel. lye, water passed through ashes. loan, any thing lent. links, parts of a chain. lone, solitary. lynx, an animal. knap, a small protuberance. loch, a lake. nap, a short sleep. lough (lok), a lake. lac, a kind of gum. lock, to fasten a door. lack, to want; need. lax, loose; vague. laid, placed. lacks, wants; needs. lade, to load. lacs, plural of lac.

Lesson 114.

Words containing I consonant, sounded like Y consonant; as alien, pronounced al'yen.

al'ien on'ion bat tal'ion sav'ior bil'ious pe cul'iar pan'nier brill'iant re bell'ion un'ion fil'ial dis un'ion sen'ior mill'ion o pin'ion jun'ior pill'ion do min'ion gal'liard pin'ion com mun'ion span'iel trill'ion mut'u al val'iant coll'ier punc til'io bill'iards pon'iard punc til'ious bill'ion ruff'ian ver mil'ion In'dian Chris'tian aux il'ia ry

Lesson 115.

The following words, according to the analogy of the English language, should he spelled with the termination er, with the exception of the last word of each line.

cen'ter mi'ter spec'ter sep'ul cher fi'ber ni'ter o'cher the'a ter lus'ter som'ber mau'ger ma neu'ver mea'ger sa'ber um'ber cal'i ber me'ter scep'ter om'ber ac cou'ter a'cre na'cre lu'cre mas'sa cre

Lesson 116.

In the following words, ng is pronounced as if the g were doubled; as anger, pronounced ang'ger.

an'ger lan'guor jin'gle youn'ger an'gle lan'guid min'gle con'ger an'gry man'gle sin'gle bun'gler an'guish man'go tin'gle hun'ger clan'gor san'guine din'gle hun'gry dan'gle span'gled lon'ger wran'gler fan'gled span'gle lon'gest fin'ger jan'gle tan'gle stron'ger lan'guish ban'gle wran'gle bun'gle un'guent

Lesson 117.

In the following, S has the sound of sh as sure, (pro. shure).

sure'ly cen'sure fis'sure is'su ance sure'ness press'ure ton'sure as sur'ance sure'ty is'sue as sure' in sur'ance sug'ar tis'sue in sure' in sur'er

The following words are spelled, according to analogy, with the termination se.

con dense' dis pense' im mense' pre tense' de fense' ex pense' of fense' sus pense' re cense' in cense' pre pense' li'cense

Lesson 118.

lane, a narrow passage. main, chief lain, past participle of lie. mane, hair on the neck of a horse. mail, armor. lapse, to fall. male, masculine. laps, plural of lap. mark, a sign. leak, to run out. marque, letters of reprisal. leek, a kind of onion. mead, a drink. lo! behold! meed, reward. low, not high. meet, fit; proper. lore, learning. mete, to measure. low'er, more low. meat, food in general. maid, a maiden. might, strength; power. made, finished. mite, a small insect.

Lesson 119.

mode', way; manner. nay, no. mowed, cut down. neigh, to cry as a horse. mule, an animal. nit, egg of an insect. mewl (mul), to squall. knit, to unite. mist, fine rain. gneiss, a kind of mineral. missed, did miss. more, a greater quantity. nice, delicate; fine. mow'er, one who mows. owe, to be bound. muse, to meditate. oh! alas! mews (muz), an inclosure. ode, a poem. owed, indebted. none, not one. one (wun), a single thing. nun, a religious woman. won, gained.

Lesson 120.

a mal'gam ate cheese e man'ci pate as sas'sin ate dirt e rad'i cate ca pac'i tate bleak e vac'u ate co ag'u late goad a ban'don ment con cat'e nate slouch in fat'u ate con fab'u late gone in val'i date con grat'ulate scarf be at'i fy con tam'i nate nerve pro cras'ti nate de cap'i tate raid re tal'i ate e jac'u late graze e vap'o rate e lab'o rate stale pre var'i cate

Lesson 121.

cir'cus ca pac'i ty an'a gram cur'few com par'i son am'bi ent cur'tain com par'a tive al'li gate fer'tile com pat'i ble cal'a mine fer'vid con cav'i ty hal'cy on fur'nace de clar'a tive Jes'u it fur'long di ag'o nal ped'i gree mer'maid di am'e ter reg'is ter nerv'ous dog mat'ic al rev'el ry pur'chase em bas'sa dor skep'tic al sur'face de prav'i ty ver'i ly

Lesson 122.

In words like the following, sier, zier, sure, zure, su, sion, and sia are pronounced zhur, zhur, zhu, zhun, and zha.

bra'sier em bra'sure cas'u al ly gla'zier e ras'ure cas'u ist ry gra'zier e va'sion treas'ur er ship ras'ure in va'sion us'u al ly seiz'ure per sua'sion pleas'ur a ble ho'sier ad he'sion meas'ur a ble o'sier co he'sion oc ca'sion al fu'sion am bro'sia pro vis'ion al az'ure, dis clos'ure u su'ri ous meas'ure ex plo'sion dis com pos'ure pleas'ure col lu'sion in de cis'ion

Lesson 123.

SYNTHETIC AND DICTATION EXERCISES.

brid'al, belonging to a bride. met'al, a substance. met'tle, spirit. bri'dle, a check; a curb. vice, defect; fault. les'son, a task for recitation. vise, an instrument. wail, to lament. less'en, to make less. wale, to mark with stripes.

Filled with choler, he seized the youth by the collar. The priest filled the censer. He is a censor of the press. The ship took divers persons as divers for pearls. The plaintiff assumed a plaintive air. To lessen the number of exercises, will make an easier lesson.

Lesson 124.

scrive'ner friv'o lous fru gal'i ty slug'gard im'age ry gram mat'ic al stub'born in'di go hi lar'i ty sub'urbs in'sti gate hu man'i ty symp'tom liq'ui date in hab'it ant med'ley pil'grim age i ras'ci ble peas'ant fish'er y le gal'i ty pheas'ant hick'o ry lo cal'i ty pen'sive in'ter est lo quac'i ty pres'ence mit'ti mus men dac'i ty read'y min'strel sy ra pac'i ty

Lesson 125.

NOTE.--These words are not exactly alike in sound, and should be carefully distinguished.

as sist'ance, help; relief rab'bit, an animal. as sist'ants, helpers. rab'bet, a term in carpentry. de vis'er, an inventor. di vi'sor, a term in Arithmetic. lin'e a ment, a feature. lin'i ment, an ointment. def'er ence, respect. prin'ci pal, chief dif'fer ence, variation. prin'ci ple, rule of action. in gen'u ous, open; free. li'ar, one who tells lies. in gen'ious, having skill. lyre, a kind of harp.

Lesson 126.

DICTATION EXERCISES ON THE ABOVE.

His assistants gave him great assistance. He was the deviser of the machine. Which is the larger, the divisor or the quotient? This difference being settled, he will pay due deference to your opinion. The ingenious mechanic was also an ingenuous man. Not a lineament could be recognized by his friends. Apply to the wound a healing liniment. The principal in the agreement was devoid of moral principle. Though a great liar, he could play upon the lyre. The rabbit was tame. The carpenter will rabbet the boards.

Lesson 127.

In words like the following, U should receive its proper consonant sound; as nature, pronounced nat'yur.

nat'ure sig'na ture ag'ri cult ure creat'ure sep'ul ture leg'is la ture feat'ure fur'ni ture ar'chi tect ure fut'ure for'feit ure tem'per a ture capt'ure lig'a ture lit'er a ture rapt'ure ap'er ture flo'ri cult ure text'ure quad'ra ture ju'di ca ture pict'ure ad vent'ure hor'ti cult ure script'ure con ject'ure man u fact'ure

Lesson 128.

pail, a wooden vessel. Paul, a man's name. pale, not bright. pall, a covering. pear, a fruit. pique, to give offense. pare, to cut thin. peak, the top. pair, a couple. peer, a nobleman. raze, to pull down. pier, a wharf raise, to lift up. quartz, a kind of rock. rays, beams of light. quarts, measures. pain, uneasiness. plain, smooth. pane, a square of glass. plane, a surface; tool. peel, rind; skin. quire, twenty-four sheets of paper. peal, a sound of bells. port, a harbor. choir (kwir), a band of singers. Porte, a Turkish court.

Lesson 129.

X with the sound of gz; as exact, pronounced egz act'.

ex act' ex act'ly ex ag'g'er ate ex ist' ex am'ine ex an'i mate ex ult' ex em'plar ex as'per ate ex hale' ex er'tion ex ec'u trix ex haust' ex hib'it ex hil'a rate ex ert' ex ist'ence ex on'er ate ex hort' ex ist'ent ex em'pli fy ex ude' ex ot'ic ex or'bi tant ex ergue' ex haust'ive ux o'ri ous

Lesson 130.

Ti has often the sound of sh: followed by on, it is pronounced shun.

na'tion ces sa'tion de vi a'tion pa'tient col la'tion dep re da'tion fac'tious cre a'tion des per a'tion frac'tious dic ta'tion lib er a'tion sta'tion do na'tion me di a'tion lo'tion du ra'tion mod er a'tion mo'tion e qua'tion nu mer a'tion no'tion tes ta'tion op er a'tion po'tion for ma'tion tol er a'tion por'tion frus tra'tion trep i da'tion quo'tient gra da'tion val u a'tion

Lesson 131.

Other examples in which final tion is pronounced shun.

men'tion ab strac'tion ed u ca'tion sec'tion at trac'tion em ula'tion frac'tion de trac'tion ex cla ma'tion dic'tion dis trac'tion ex pec ta'tion fic'tion ex trac'tion ex por ta'tion fric'tion in frac'tion fer men ta'tion junc'tion pro trac'tion gen er a'tion ac'tion re frac'tion grav i ta'tion cap'tion re trac'tion hab i ta'tion op'tion con trac'tion il lus tra'tion fac'tion sub trac'tion im por ta'tion

Lesson 132.

Examples in which sci, ti, and ci have the sound of sh.

auc'tion au da'cious ab er ra'tion cau'tion ca pa'cious ad mi ra'tion cau'tious ve ra'cious ad o ra'tion gla'cial fal la'cious ad u la'tion gra'cious fu ga'cious ag gra va'tion spa'cious lo qua'cious ap pli ca'tion Gre'cian ra pa'cious ap pro ba'tion spe'cious sa ga'cious prep a ra'tion par'tial te na'cious pres er va'tion con'science vi va'cious proc la ma'tion spe'cie vo ra'cious prof a na'tion

Lesson 133.

Ci, ce, and si with the sound of sh.

spe'cies ju di'cial ac ces'sion o'cean lo gi'cian com pres'sion so'cial ma gi'cian de clen'sion spe'cial mu si'cian ex pres'sion cru'cial tac ti'cian im pres'sion pre'cious op ti'cian op pres'sion pas'sion pa tri'cian pre ten'sion man'sion phy si'cian suc ces'sion pen'sion pro vin'cial trans gres'sion ten'sion fi nan'cial ad mis'sion tor'sion om nis'cient con cus'sion

Lesson 134

DICTATION EXERCISES.

They propose to alter the place of the altar. He cast his ballot for mayor. The ballet dancer and the ballad singer arrived. The wine seller lived in a cellar. He said that the cymbal was a symbol of music. They sent an arrant rogue on the errand. His manner of conducting the manor did not suit the lord. The prophet of Mammon foretold great profit. The relics of the kingdom were saved by the relict of the king. The stature of the statue of Liberty is fixed by statute.

Lesson 135.

rack, an engine of torture. write, to make letters. wrack, a sea-plant. wright, a workman. rap, to strike. roe, eggs of a fish. wrap, to roll together. row, to impel with oars. reck, to heed; to care. rose, a flower. wreck, destruction. rows, does row. rice, a kind of grain. roes, plural of roe. rise, increase; ascent. sees, beholds. rite, a ceremony. seas, large bodies of water. right, not wrong. seize, to lay hold of

Lesson 136.

OF AFFIXES.

Many words are formed by adding something to the end of another word. The added part is called an affix; as ly, added to man, forms manly. In this, and the following seventeen lessons, the more common affixes are indicated.

Plurals formed by adding s to the Singular.

roofs so'los ty'ros al bi'nos hoofs ha'los jun'tos me men'tos scarfs las'sos can'tos oc ta'vos truths ze'ros quar'tos si roc'cos

Plurals formed by adding es to the Singular.

ech'oes to ma'toes po ta'toes car'goes mu lat'toes bra va'does mot'toes vol ca'noes por'ti coes grot'toes mos qui'toes vi ra'goes

Lesson 137.

Words in which f and fe are changed into ves in the Plural: as, leaf, leaves; wife, wives.

beeves lives thieves calves our selves' sheaves wives wolves halves them selves' leaves knives loaves shelves your selves'

Words in which Y final is changed into ies in the Plural.

skies la'dies to'ries gro'cer ies spies du'ties can'dies for'ger ies cries beau'ties tro'phies gal'ler ies

Lesson 138.

Words ending in Y which form the Plural by adding a.

toys chim'neys al'leys at tor'neys drays val'leys pul'leys Sat'ur days buoys mon'eys tur'keys hol'i days whys jour'neys mon'keys cor du roys'

Words in which the Plurals are formed irregularly. As the Plural only is given, the teacher might require the pupil to ascertain the Singular, and to spell it.

mice cri'ses ter'mi ni chil'dren neb'u lae a lum'ni ver'te brae stra'ta syn op'ses geese { kine, cows } { staves, staffs} { broth'ers,breth'ren } { pease, peas} { dies, dice}

Lesson 139.

Ing signifies continuing to; as talking, continuing to talk. The following words, in taking their suffix, double the final letter. The last letter is doubled when the word ends with a single consonant preceded by a single vowel.

plan'ning win'ning stop'ping a bet'ting fret'ting blot'ting gun'ning re bel'ling bid'ding rob'bing shut'ting o mit'ting

Other words ending with consonants, which do not double the final letter.

act'ing fail'ing mean'ing ex pand'ing land'ing rain'ing coax'ing con sent'ing build'ing sail'ing suit'ing vis'it ing

Lesson 140.

Words ending in e silent, generally drop the e in adding ing.

mak'ing seiz'ing rul'ing ex pir'ing nam'ing forc'ing lin'ing re fus'ing plagu'ing hedg'ing squeez'ing in trigu'ing ach'ing writ'ing schem'ing alleg'ing

The final e is retained when it is necessary to prevent a change of pronunciation, or to maintain the identity of a word.

hoe'ing shoe'ing change'a ble toe'ing singe'ing trace'able tinge'ing dye'ing peace'a ble foe'man blue'ness charge'a ble

Lesson 141.