CHAPTER XIII
EN ROUTE
Some readers of my autobiographic record may attribute to these pages of mine the character of a completed life story. If they have believed that story completed they are mistaken. It is absurd to believe that one can conclude a life of battles at the age of forty-five.
Detailed memoirs of intimate and personal character are the attributes of old age and the chimney-corner. I have no intention of writing any “memoirs.” They only represent the consciousness of a definitely completed cycle. They do not appear of much importance to a man who is in the most vigorous ardor of his activities!
I was the leader of the revolution and chief of the government at thirty-nine. Not only have I not finished my job, but I often feel that I have not even begun it.
The better part comes toward me. I go toward it at this moment. But I take pride in affirming that I have laid solid foundations for the building of Fascism. Many ask me what my policy in the future will be, and where my final objective lies.
My answers are here. I ask nothing for myself, nor for mine; no material goods, no honors, no testimonials, no resolutions of approval which presume to consecrate me to History. My objective is simple: I want to make Italy great, respected, and feared; I want to render my nation worthy of her noble and ancient traditions. I want to accelerate her evolution toward the highest forms of national co-operation; I want to make a greater prosperity forever possible for the whole people. I want to create a political organization to express, to guarantee, and to safeguard our development. I am tireless in my wish to see newly born and newly reborn Italians. With all my strength, with all my energies, without pause, without interruption, I want to bring to them their fullest opportunities. I do not lose sight of the experience of other peoples, but I build with elements of our own and in harmony with our own possibilities, with our traditions, and with the energy of the Italian people. I have made a profound study of the interests, the aspirations and the tendencies of our masses. I push on toward better forces of life and progress. I weigh them, I launch them, I guide them. I desire our nation to conquer again, with Fascist vigor, some decades or perhaps a century of lost history. Our garrison is the party, which has demonstrated its irreplaceable strength. I have trust in young people. Their spiritual and material life is guided by attentive, quick minds and by ardent hearts. I do not reject advice even from opponents whenever they are honest. I cover with my contempt dishonest and lying opponents, slanderers, deniers of the country and every one who drowns every sense of dignity, every sentiment of national and human solidarity in the filthy cesspool of low grudges. Defeated ones who cluck to the wind, survivors of a building which has toppled forever, accomplices in the ruin and shame into which the country was to have been dragged, sometimes do not even have the dignity of silence.
I am strict with my most faithful followers. I always intervene where excesses and intemperance are revealed. I am near to the heart of the masses and listen to its beats. I read its aspiration and interests. I know the virtue of the race. I probe it in its purity and soundness. I will fight vice and degeneracy and will put them down. The so-called “Liberal institutions” created at other times because of a fallacious appearance of protection are destroyed and divested of their phrases and false idealisms by the new force of Fascism with its idealism planted on realities.
Air and light, strength and energy, shine and vibrate in the infinite sky of Italy! The loftiest civic and national vision to-day leads this people to its goal, this people which is living in its great new springtime. It animates my long labors. I am forty-five and I feel the vigor of my work and my thought. I have annihilated in myself all self-interest: I, like the most devoted of citizens, place upon myself and on every beat of my heart, service to the Italian people. I proclaim myself their servant. I feel that all Italians understand and love me; I know that only he is loved who leads without weakness, without deviation, and with disinterestedness and full faith.
Therefore, going over what I have already done I know that Fascism, being a creation of the Italian race, has met and will meet historical necessities, and so, unconquerable, is destined to make an indelible impression on the twentieth century of history.
INDEX
Abruzzi, 174.
Acerbo, Giacomo, 194.
Adrianople, siege of, 29.
Adriatic, the, 7, 72; the Upper, 92.
Adriatic problem, the, 251.
Afghanistan, 254.
_Against the Return of the Beast_, quoted, 65, 66.
Aiello, 92.
Ala, 17.
Albania, 109, 111, 257; Italian military mission in, 250.
Albertini, Senator, 103, 222.
Alessandri, 177.
Alessio, 183.
Alighieri, 132.
Alliance of Labor, the, 163.
Allies, the, 248; Italians among the, 62.
Alps, the, 44, 46, 47, 72.
Amendola, 183.
Amiata, 226.
Amilcare, 3.
Ancona, 169, 170, 174; Socialist congress of, 157.
Anglo-Saxons, the, 25.
Anile, 183.
Apennines, the, 1.
Arditi Association, the, 52, 70.
Argelato, 2.
Armistice, the, 60, 63.
Army of Iron, the, 50.
Arno River, the, 132.
Arpinati, Leandro, 93, 117, 169, 239, 302.
Asiago, the Alps of, 50.
Augusteo, the congress at, 144.
Augustus, the tomb of, 144.
Austria, 32, 131.
Austria-Hungary, 30, 34, 36, 54.
Austria, 17; Mussolini expelled from, 18.
Austrian navy, the, 62.
Austrian spies, 60.
Avanguardia, the, 299, 300.
_Avanti_, 18, 20, 32, 35, 37, 38, 77, 83, 103, 115, 134, 167, 298.
Aventino, the, 222, 232, 233; secession of the, 230.
Aviation, decline of, 77, 112, 113; success of Italian, 291.
Balbo, Italo, 173, 174, 176.
Balducci, 3.
Balkan Wars, 28.
“Balilla,” the, 289, 300, 302.
Banca Italiana di Sconto, crash of the, 145, 147, 155.
Bank of Italy, the, 269, 271.
Bank of Naples, the, 271.
Bank of Sicily, the, 271.
Bari, 109.
Baseggio, Major, 143.
Bastianelli, Professor, 237.
Battisti, Cesare, 17, 36.
Belgium, 41; invasion of, 34.
Belgrade, 32.
Belluno, 50.
Bergonzoni, 110.
Bersaglieri, 14, 15, 47, 42.
Berta, 132.
Bertini, 183.
Bertone, 183.
Biagi, 118.
Bianchi, Michele, 173, 175, 300.
Benda, Dr. Ambrogio, 136.
Black Shirts, 207, 210, 212, 213, 226, 236, 269, 271, 302, 303; the power of, 200, 202.
Blue Shirt, 210.
Bologna, 93, 139, 177, 226, 295; Fascism in, 81, 117, 307; Mussolini family prominent in, 2, 4; Palace d’Accursio in, 116; City Hall Palace of, 117; the “Podesta” of, 239.
Bolshevik ideas, 73.
Bolshevism, 93, 112; Russian, 82; Utopian spirit of, 69.
Bolzano, 170.
Bonacini, Artillery Lieutenant Mario, 251.
Bonardi, Carlo, 195.
Bonomi ministry, the, 142, 145, 158, 159, 165.
Bainsizza, 50.
Bosdari, Ambassador, 255.
Bosnia-Herzegovina, annexation of, 30.
Brenner, 36, 153.
Brenner Pass, the, 141, 153, 255.
Brescia, 43.
Briand, 149.
British Empire, Foreign Minister of the; 254.
British Giubaland, 259.
Bruno, Giordano, quoted, 65, 66.
Budapest, 53.
Bulgaria, 131.
Bulgarian foreign ministers, 255.
Bundles of Fight, 90, 121, 130, 144, 171; Central Committee of, 125.
Cabinet, the, 168.
Cagoia, 101, 102.
Calliva, 118.
Caminate, parish of, 1.
Candiano canal, the, 8.
Cannes, Inter-Allied Conference at, 148, 149.
Capello, General, 237, 238.
Caporetto, 50, 52, 77, 102, 218.
Carabinieri, 65, 232.
Caradonna, 174.
Carducci, Giosue, 11.
Carducci, Valfredo, 11.
Carima, Abbe, 102.
Carnaro, 124.
Carnazza, Gabriello, 194.
Carso, 27, 44, 47, 48.
Carte, Surgeon-Major Luigi, 251.
_Carthage_, 41.
Casati, Minister, 233, 284.
Catholic Church, the, 154.
Catholic Party, the, 306.
Cavazzoni, Stefano, 194.
Central Post Office, 86.
Chamber of Parliament, the, 247.
Chamber of Deputies, the, 149.
Chamberlain, 254.
Charles of Hapsburg, death of, 162.
“Cheka,” 227, 228.
Child, Richard Washburn 249.
Church of Saint Peter, 307.
Church, the, 73, 90, 306, 307.
Ciano, Costanzo, 195.
Cipriani, 3.
Circolo Sciesa, the, 172.
Cirenaica, 259, 260.
Cittadini, General, 184, 185.
Cividale, 44.
Civis Romanus, the, 307.
Classical Lyceum, 287.
Clemenceau, 33.
Collectivity, the, 280.
_Combattenti_, the, 76, 77.
Commission of Inquiry, the, 77.
Commission of the Solons, 235.
Communes, the, 235.
Communists, the, 132, 133, 134, 215; in Rome, 162.
Complementary Schools, 286.
Conclave, the, 155.
Conference of the Ambassadors, 252.
Congress of Reggio Emilia in 1912, 18.
Consorzio Valori, the, 269.
Constitution of 1848, the, 234.
Conti, 179.
Coppino, Minister, 284.
Corfu, 229, 252, 253.
Corgini, Ottavio, 195.
_Corriere della Sera_, the, 72, 102, 167, 213, 287, 298.
Corridoni, Filippo, 37.
Coselschi, Eugenio, 181.
Costa, Andrea, 3.
Council of Ministers, 291.
Credaro, Minister, 152, 153, 284.
Credaro policy, 141.
Cremona, 110, 171, 177, 232.
Crespano, 232.
Crespi, 179.
Crown, the, 191, 224.
Curzon, Lord, 248, 249.
Czarism, fall of, 154.
Czechoslovakia, Commercial treaties concluded with, 250.
Dalmatia, 36, 56, 62, 72, 76, 96, 103, 106, 112, 130, 141, 249; loss of, 253.
D’Annunzio, Gabriele, 41, 77 ff., 86, 96, 101, 113, 122 ff., 151, 180, 181, 196.
Daneo, Minister, 284.
Dante, 8, 36, 56, 204.
Dardanelles, the, 46.
De Bono, General, 173, 174, 176.
De Capitani, Giuseppe, 179, 194.
Delcroix, Carlo, 217, 228.
dell’ Annunziata, Collare, 225.
Democracy, 275, 276, 280, 284.
Democrat-Masons, 222.
Democratic groups, 166.
Democrats, the, 85, 213.
De Nicola, 158, 159, 215.
De Pinedo, 291.
Deputies, Chamber of, 149.
de Revel, Admiral Paolo Thaon, 107, 194, 290.
De Stefani, Alberto; 194, 261, 265.
de Vecchi, Cesare Maria, 133, 174, 195, 259.
De Vito, 183.
Diana Theatre, the, 133, 134, 138.
Diaz, General Armando, 105, 107, 194, 290, 291, 292.
di Cesaro, Giovanni Colonna, 194.
Di Giorgio, General, 292.
Dodecannes, question of the, 249.
♦Douhet, General, 181.
Dovia, 1.
Duce, the, 124, 175.
Duncan, Isadora, 46.
♦ “Doubet” replaced with “Douhet”
England, 34, 285; Italy’s war debt agreement with, 265.
English ambassador, the, 239.
Eritrea, 259.
Estensi, castle of the, 119.
Eternal City, the, 189.
Facta, 163, 164, 168, 182, 183, 192.
Facta ministry, the, 160, 161.
Faenza, 7, 93.
Farinacci, Hon. Roberto, 301, 302.
Farneti, 251.
Fasci di Combattimento, the, 67, 72, 90, 91; Central Committee of the, 171.
Fascism, 24, 68, 103, 141, 142, 184, 185, 189, 197, 203, 207, 211, 219, 220, 222, 228, 233, 234, 241, 256, 258, 268, 278, 279, 298; a symbol of, 7; effect of, on religion, 307; future of, 308–311; reorganization of ranks of, 90.
Fascist government, 277.
Fascist National party, the, 144.
Fascist revolution, the, 63.
Fascisti, the, 73, 77, 165, 183–193, 236; creation of the, 37; reassembling ranks of, 86; devotion of, 297.
Fascists, 117, 232; Lombardians, 132.
Favara di Venezia, 232.
Federzoni, Deputy Luigi, 142, 194, 235.
Ferdinand, Archduke Francis, murder of, 30, 31.
Ferrara, 44, 119, 139; Palace Estense in, 116.
Festival of Labor, 162.
Finance, Minister of, 261, 264.
Finzi, Aldo, 194, 219.
Fiume 36, 56, 62, 72, 89, 90, 96, 100–103, 112, 129, 141, 151, 180, 249, 253; contested, 76; French sailors and Italian soldiers clash at, 74; Fascists in, 79 ff.; occupation of, 78, 79; Bloody Christmas in, 116; Italian resistance in, 122.
Florence, 91 ff., 212, 232, 266, 295.
Florio, Lieutenant Federico, 151.
Forces of Order, the, 81.
Foreign Affairs, Ministry of, 34, 109, 142.
Forli, 1, 7, 18, 113, 232.
Forni, 228.
Foro Bonaparte, 137.
Foscari, Count Nicolo, 127.
France, 34, 41, 46; German invasion of, 34; commercial treaties concluded with, 250.
Frassati, Senator, 102.
Freemasons, 126.
French Army, the, 34.
Fulci, 183.
Fulcieri, Paolucci de Calboli 2.
Gai, Silvio, 195.
Gaini, 140.
Galileo, the, 97.
Galvani, Gastone, 93.
Garian, 259.
Garibaldi, Bruno, 40, 70, 124.
Garibaldi, Costante, 40.
Garibaldi, Ricciotti, 40; in Sicily, 41.
Gasei, the Sicilian, 59.
_Gazetta del Popolo_, the, 79.
General Fascist Command, the, 188.
Genoa, 41, 295; conference at, 148, 149, 162.
Gentile, Giovanni, 194.
Gentile Reform, the, 282, 285, 288.
Genzano, 232.
German spies, 60.
Germans, 254, 255.
Germany, 32, 131; as ally of Austria-Hungary, 34.
Giampietro, General, 181.
Giarabub, 259.
Giolitti, Giovanni, 21, 37, 41, 90, 108, 111, 129, 138, 141, 160, 165.
Giolittinians, liberal, 60.
Giordani, Lieutenant, 118; death of, 119.
Giulian Alps, the, 36.
Giuliani, 140.
Giunta, Secretary, Hon, 129, 137, 138, 230, 301.
Giuriati, Giovanni, 173, 194.
Gordian knot, the, 18.
Gorizia, 50.
Grand Fascist Council, 279, 281; organization of the, 208, 209.
Grandi, 265.
Grappa, Mount, 50, 52.
Graziadei, 141.
Greece, 46, 252.
Greek foreign ministers, 255.
Gualtieri, 12.
Guardia Medica, of Porta Venezia, 136.
Guardia Regia, 125.
Hall of Parliament, the, 89.
High Adige, question of the, 255.
Hortis, Senator Attilio, 107.
Hotel Dragoni, 237.
Hungary, 131, 257.
Hymn of Workers, the, 89.
Illyrian Alps, the, 36.
Independents, the, 89.
Inter-Allied Conference, 148.
Interior, Minister of the, 235; Secretary of the, 219.
International Congress of Medicine, inauguration of the, 238.
Internationale, the, 89.
_Interventisti_, 73.
Isonzo, 50; the Battle of, 46.
Italian Academy, creation of an, 290.
Italian Army, the, 47.
Italian Fighting Fascisti, 68, 70.
Italian Fascisti of Combat, the, 71.
Italian Liberal Party, the, 72, 96.
Italian Nationalism, united with Fascism, 210.
Italian Masonry, 214, 300, 305, 306.
Italian school system, 201.
Italian-Swiss treaty, 250.
Italy, 240, 248, 255; Premier of, 14, public opinion in, 34; difficult international situation in, 96; voting in, 205; foreign policy of, 257; southern, 259; discipline in, 276, 284; clergy in, 293.
Jesuits, anti-Masomc spirit of the, 157.
Jaurès, murder of, 32.
Judrio, 36.
Jugo-Slavia, 101, 102, 105, 253, 254.
Jugoslavia, the Rapallo treaty with, 248.
Julian the Apostate, 97.
Kaiser, the, 32, 41.
King Victor Emmanuel III, 41, 183, 184, 188, 196.
Königsberg, invasion of, 51.
Kremlin, the Mongol Galileo of, 97.
Labor Charter, the, 279, 280.
Labor Confederation, the, 166.
Labor Day in Rome, 279.
La Fontaine, quoted, 100.
Latinity, 25.
Lausanne, 248, 249; the conference of, 14.
League of Nations, the, 72, 101, 257.
Lebon, Gustave, 25.
Left, the, 89.
Legion of Ronchi, the, 124.
Legislature, opening of the Twenty-seventh, 216.
Legislature, the Twenty-seventh, 220.
Lenin, 96, 112; propaganda of, 275.
Libera Docenza, the Institute of, 288.
Liberal Democratic pacifist group, the, 37.
Liberal Party, the, 121, 200, 260.
Liberalism, 275, 280, 284.
Liberals, the, 85, 126, 213, 223.
Libian colony, the, 259.
Libya, 40.
Libyan war, the, 28.
Lissia, Pietro, 195.
Littorio, the, 270.
Locarno treaty, the, 257.
Lombardian, Fascists, 132.
Lombardian journalists, convention of the, 94.
Lombardy, 36, 43; the Fascists of, 134.
London, 263; a Mussolini in, 3.
London pact, the, 105, 253.
Lucchesi, Cafiero, 151.
Lucetti, 238.
Luciani, 183.
Lule-Burgas, 29.
Lupi, Dario, 195.
Maddalena, 291.
Mafia, the, 236.
Manaresi, 119.
_Manouba_, 41.
Mantua, 113.
Marche, 174.
Marchese of San Guiliano, the, 33, 34.
Marchi, Giovanni, 195.
Marchiafava, Professor, 237.
Marco Polo, 7.
Marinelli, 302.
Marinetti, F. T., 91.
Marini, 6.
Mario, Pascal, 232.
Marsala, 117.
Martire, Egilberto, 106.
Marx, Karl, 40.
Masi, 136.
Masonry, 156; Italian political, 143, 209, 210, 214; Fascism against, 235; Popular party allied with, 306.
Masurian Lakes, Battle of the, 51.
Matteotti, 218, 219, 221, 222, 225.
Maturity Examinations, 287.
Mazzini, 82.
Meda, 116, 165.
Mediterranean, the, 40, 257.
Melchiorri, 302.
Mendola, 6.
Merlin, Umberto, 195.
Milan, 18, 20, 39, 41, 49, 59, 60, 63, 77, 81, 86, 100, 104, 113, 115, 132, 165, 168, 171, 179, 187, 212, 215, 295; Procession of the Defeat of, 65; population of, 110; the Fascisti of, 166; the Circolo Sciesa of, 172.
Milan Association of Merchants and Shopkeepers, 68.
Milani, Fulvio, 195, 209.
Militia, the, 230, 302.
Minister of the Interior, 241.
Minister of the Navy, 290.
Minister of War, the, 290.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the, 34.
Ministry of International Affairs, the, 240.
Ministry of Public Works, the, 110.
Ministry of War, the, 194.
Misuri, 228.
Modena, 143.
Modigliani, the Minister of, 102.
Moduno di Livenza, 232.
Monastie of Treviso, 53.
Monfalcone, 102, 115.
Monferrato, Casale, the massacre of, 133.
Mongol Galileo, the, 97.
Montecitorio, 140, 163, 169, 199, 202, 216, 222.
Monzambo, 232.
Morgagni, 140.
Morgan loan, the, 269.
Moscow, 96, 129.
Mount Stelvio, 57.
Mussolini, Alessandro, 3, 9.
Mussolini, Arnaldo, 5, 8, 20, 148, 186; death of, 18.
Mussolini, Benito, 87, 194, 237, 247; birthplace of, 1; childhood of, 4 ff.; as Premier of Italy, 14; as a private Bersagliere, 43.
Mussolini, Edda, 21, 136.
Mussolini, Edvige, 20.
Mussolini, Giovanni, 2.
Mussolini, Rachele, 20.
Mussolini, Rosa, 5; death of, 17.
Mussolini family, the, 2, 4.
Naples, 41, 169, 171, 295; historic congress at, 175.
Naples, the Fascisti of, 82.
National Fascist Party, the, 296.
National Guard, 3.
National Militia, the, 234.
National Organization of Balilla, 289.
National party, the, 183.
Nationalism, 211.
Nationalists, the, 81, 82.
Naviglio River, the, 110.
Navy, success of Italian, 291.
Nettuno Conventions, the, 253, 254.
Nevosso, 153.
Nincic, 254.
Nitti, 63, 74, 75, 76, 80, 89, 90, 99, 101, 103, 105, 202, 209; Cabinet of, 29.
Northern Italy, 141.
Noske, 102.
Opeglia, 17.
Opera Nazionale Balilla, the, 300.
Orlando, 73, 158, 159, 165, 168, 214.
Orpheum Coffee Shop, the, 93.
Ostia, 295.
Oviglio, Aldo, 118, 119, 194, 233.
Padua, 41, 212.
Palace d’Accursio, 116, 139.
Palace Estense, 116.
Palazzo Chigi, 215, 236, 237, 239.
Palermo, 295.
Pallieri, Dr. Leonardo, 136.
Pancáni, Guido, 93.
Paolo da Cannobio, 39.
Paratore, 183.
Pareto, 14.
Paris, 96, 99.
Parma, 232.
Partito Popolare, creation of the, 73.
Pascoli, Giovanni, 3.
Pasella, 91.
Pasic, 254.
Peano, 163, 200, 260.
Perugia, 175, 176, 185, 295.
Pesaro, 267; speech of, 270.
Piacenza, 110, 212.
Piave, the, 50, 52, 53.
Piazza Beligioioso, the, 81.
Piazza del Duomo, 39.
Piazza S. Sepolero, in Milan, 68.
Piccagnoni, Doctor, 48.
Piedmont, 283.
Piedmont newspaper, 90.
Piombino, 136, 138.
Pipemo, 254.
Piræus, the, 46.
Pisacane, Carlo, 82.
Pistoia, 151.
Pittoni, the socialist, at Triest, 60.
Pius X, 153.
Place Borromeo, the, 139.
Plato, 204.
Po Valley, 21, 128, 139, 171, 175; representatives of the, 119; agitations in the, 274.
“Podesta,” the, 235, 239.
Poincaré, 248.
Poland, commercial treaties concluded with, 250.
Police chief of Rome, 219.
Polish foreign ministers, 255.
Political Economy, the Honorable De Stefani as a Doctor of, 262, 263.
Pontiff Benedict XV, Giacomo della Chiesa, 153, 154, 155.
Pontificate, the, 191.
Pope, the, 31, 33.
“Popolari,” 193.
_Popolo d’Italia_, the, 5, 17, 39, 40, 45, 47, 65, 68, 72, 77, 85, 93, 94, 100, 106, 112, 113, 135, 136, 137, 148, 170, 175, 176, 178, 179, 185, 186.
Popular Party, the, 95, 138, 211, 306.
_Populari_, the, 64.
“Populars,” the, 213, 215, 222.
Porta Pia, 238.
Porta Venezia, Guardia Medica of, 136.
Predappio, 1, 2, 6, 12.
Predappio Nuovo, 6.
Prefect, the, of Rome, 219.
Prefetura, the, 84.
Premilcuore, 20.
Press Office, Chief of the, 219.
Prince von Bülow, 35.
_Priori_, _a_, 82.
Prussia the King of, 35.
“Psychology of the Crowd,” 25.
Public Instruction, the Minister of, 282, 285.
Public Works, the Ministry of, 110.
Puglie, 169.
Quadrumvirate of Action, 177.
Quarnero, Italian infants of, 101.
Quartarella, 222.
“Quartarellismo,” 222.
Quarto dei Mille, 41.
Quirinal, the, 184, 188.
Rabbi River, the, 6.
Radaelli, Giuseppe, 135.
Railway Syndicate, the, 110.
Rapallo, 116; treaty of, 112, 122, 129, 248, 249, 253.
Ravaldino, 1.
Ravenna, plain of, 7.
Reason of State, 124.
Reason of the Ideal, 124.
“Red Flag,” the, 232.
Red Week, the, 21.
Reggio Emilia, 12, 18.
Renaissance, the, 2, 25.
Republicans, the, 89, 116.
Republicanism, 225.
Ricci, Hon. Renato, 302.
Riccio, 183.
Ridolfi, Lieutenant, 113.
_Risorgimento_, 25.
Rocco, Alfredo, 140, 195.
Romagna, 18, 93, 174, 212.
Roman Littorio, the, 134.
Rome, 31, 41, 62, 73, 77, 96, 105, 131, 183, 184, 189, 215, 222, 229, 247; the Fascisti of, 81, 143; the Communists in, 162; the march on, 166, 260, 278, 282, 290, 300; Anti-Fascism in, 202, the Governorship of, 236; Ambassador of the United States in, 249; Labor Day in, 279.
Ronchi, 48, 78, 79; the Legion of, 124.
Rossetti Theatre, the, 129.
Rossi, Cesare, 183, 219, 224, 225.
Rossi, Teofilo, 194.
Rovigo, the province of, 218.
Royal Carabinieri, the, 209.
Royal Guards, the, 106, 143, 178, 179, 209, 229.
Ruhr, the, 250.
Rumania, 46.
Rumanian foreign ministers, 249, 255.
Russia, 34, 227, 257; bankruptcy in, 56.
Russian agitators, 60.
Russian revolution, the, 154.
Salandra, 41, 184.
Salata, 152, 153; policy of, 141.
Salesiani priests, the, 7.
Salvemini, Albertine, 63, 103.
San Apollinare, the basilica of, 8.
San Giorgio di Pesaro, 232.
San Giuliano, the Marchese of, 33, 34.
Sansanelli, the Honorable, 300.
Sant’ Elia, 137.
Santa Marinella, 186, 187.
Sardi, Alessandro, 195.
Sardinia, 212, 236.
Sarrocchi, 233.
Sarzana, massacre of, 142.
Savoy Hotel, Rome, 188.
Sbarba, Dello, 183.
Schanzer, 183.
School system, the Italian, 201.
Scialoia, Senator, 112.
Scientific Lyceum, 286.
Senedrium, the Socialist, 37.
Serajevo, murder of, 21, 30.
Serbia, 30, 32, 34.
Sernaglia, 55.
Sesana, 62.
Sèvres, treaty of with Turkey, 111.
Sforza, Count, 109, 111, 116, 123, 129, 142, 247; as Italian ambassador to France, 246.
Shaw, Bernard, 242.
Ship of State, the, 261.
Sicilian Gasei, the, 59.
Siciliani, Luigi, 106, 195.
Sicily, 212; Garibaldi in, 41; the Mafia in, 236.
Siena, the province of, 226.
Social Democrats, 193.
Socialist parliamentary groups, the, 166.
Socialist Party, the, in Italy, 35.
Socialists, the, 88, 89, 90, 95, 96, 99, 110, 111, 117, 121, 132, 134, 215, 217, 222, 225, 274; victory of, 85; Czechoslavakian, 237.
Soleri, 183.
Solons, Commission of the, 235.
Somaliland, 259.
Sonnino, 74.
♦Sonzini, Mario, 115.
Southern Russia, republics of, 86.
Sovereign, the, 183.
Soviet Russia, commercial relations with, 250.
Spa, 111.
Spain, 257; commercial treaties concluded with, 250.
_Stampa_, the, 90.
Starrace, 302.
Switzerland, Mussolini in, 12, 13, 249.
♦ “Souzini” replaced with “Sonzini”
Taddei, 183.
Tagliamenti, 102.
Tangorra, Vincenzo, 194.
Teachers Institute, 287.
Technical institute, 286.
Tellini, General Enrico, 251.
Terzaghi, Michele, 195.
Third Army, the, 50.
Tirana, the ♦protocol of, 111.
Torino, 209.
Toti, Enrico, 162.
Treaty of Versailles, 57, 75, 76.
Trentino, 36.
Trento, 17, 55, 56, 102, 170.
Triest, 56, 62, 102, 129, 137, 153; the socialist Pittoni at, 60.
Triest, Gulf of, 31.
Triple Alliance Treaty, the, 33.
Tripoli, 259.
Tripolitania, 21, 259.
Trumbic, 80.
Turati, Hon. Augusto, 302.
Turati, Filippo, 84, 100, 168.
Turatians, the, 100.
Turin, 77, 295; the Fascisti of, 81; “Popular Party” assembled in, 211.
Turkey, 111, 131, 257.
Turkish foreign ministers, 255.
Turks, the, 41, 46.
Tuscan Fascism, the, 226.
Twenty-seventh Legislature, opening of the, 216, 220.
Tyrrhenian Sea, the, 174.
♦ “procotol” replaced with “protocol”
Udine, 51, 55, 92.
Umbria, 175.
United States, the, 26; Italy’s war debt agreement with the, 265.
Unknown Soldier, altar of the, 237.
Upper Adige, Credaro policy in the, 141; Salata policy in the, 141.
Utopian illusions, 192.
Valona, 102, 109, 111.
Varano di Costa, 1.
Vassallo, Ernesto, 195.
Vatican, the, 305.
Venetian provinces, the, 36.
Venetian refugees, 218.
Veneto, Vittorio, 107, 194, 290.
Venice, 62, 113, 153, 212.
Vernezzo, 44.
Verona, 14, 15, 112, 232.
Versailles, 74, 80; Treaty of, 57, 75, 76.
Via Paolo da Conuobio, the street of, 65.
Victory of 1918, leaders of, 290.
Vienna, 32, 54, 60; Imperial and Royal Government of, 18; the children of, 100.
Volpi, Count, 265.
Via Nomentana, 238.
Vicenza, 212.
Victor Emmanuel III, His Majesty, 41, 183, 184, 188, 196.
Voluntary Militia, 207, 291, 292.
_War Bulletin_, the, 55.
Washington, 263.
Wilson, Woodrow, 62, 74, 101, 103.
Women’s Lyceum, 287.
Workers’ Chambers, 135.
World War, 102; beginning of the, 22, 29; end of, 56; Italy’s fall in the, 57.
♦Zagabria, 130.
♠Zaniboni, 237, 238.
Zar 76, 101, 102.
Zenzon, 53.
Zurich, commercial treaties concluded in, 250.
♦ “Zababria” replaced with “Zagabria”
♦ “Zanibour” replaced with “Zaniboni”
Transcriber’s Notes
1. Misspelled words have been corrected. Obsolete and alternative spellings have been left unchanged. Spelling and hyphenation have otherwise not been standardised. Grammar has not been altered.
2. The spelling of some names in the index do not match the spelling in the text. This is only corrected if the proper spelling can be definitely determined.
3. Punctuation has been silently corrected.
4. Italics font is enclosed in _underscores_.
5. “* * * * *” indicates a larger gap between paragraphs at that point.
6. Illustrations are indicated by: [Illustration: caption and/or descriptive text]. They have been moved to be outside of text paragraphs.
7. Block quotations are indented by one space.
8. “Edit Distance” in Corrections table below refers to the Levenshtein Distance.
Corrections
pg(s) Source Correction Edit Distance
TOC v ix 2 190 deliberaate deliberate 1 290 I appoined I appointed 1 313 Benda Binda 1 314 Doubet Douhet 1 317 Souzini Sonzini 1 317 Tirana, the procotol Tirana, the protocol 2 318 Zababria Zagabria 1 318 Zanibour Zaniboni 2