CHAPTER XXVI

THE MORISCOES

State of the Kingdom after the Conquest--Superiority of the Moors--Policy of the Crown--Introduction of the Holy Office--Administration of Talavera--His Popularity--He is superseded by Ximenes--The Two Great Spanish Cardinals--Their Opposite Characters--Influence on Their Age--Violence of Ximenes--He burns the Arabic Manuscripts--Insurrection of the Moriscoes--Rout in the Sierra Bermeja--Bigotry of Isabella--The Moors under Charles V.--Persecution by the Clergy and the Inquisition under Philip II.--War in the Alpujarras--Ibn-Ommeyah--Operations of Don John of Austria--Removal of the Moors of Granada--Death of Ibn-Ommeyah--Ibn-Abu becomes King--Siege of Galera--Atrocities of the Campaign--Fate of Ibn-Abu--Condition of the Moriscoes in Spain--They are Exiled by Philip III.--Their Sufferings--Effect of their Banishment upon the Prosperity of the Kingdom 218