Part 1

, the estimate for a house will be made as a practical example, the drawings on which it is based being shown in the accompanying plates. In making the estimate, the various portions of the work are taken in the order in which they naturally occur in the erection of the building, following, as closely as possible, the estimating schedule heretofore given.

As far as possible, the figures given in the example should be checked up by taking off quantities and performing all the indicated work. It is only by actually making the calculations that any practical benefit from the work will be derived. _No two estimators, working separately, will arrive at exactly the same results; therefore, in following the calculations in this example, some discrepancies between the figures of the person performing the estimating and the ones given will no doubt be found._ These discrepancies should not be important ones, however, and by carefully studying the methods followed, results substantially the same as those computed here should be obtained.

EXCAVATION

=2.= In calculating the cubic yards of earth excavated for the cellar, all measurements are taken from the foundation plan and the sections. The plan is blocked out as shown in the accompanying Cellar Plan, and the area of each block found; then, by multiplying the sum of these partial areas by the depth of the cellar, the cubic contents is determined. The trenches for the foundation walls of porches and for the footings of cellar walls are calculated separately, as also are the excavations for piers, drains, cesspools, area, etc.

CELLAR EXCAVATION

SQUARE CUBIC _Quantities_ FEET FEET

Block _A_, 23' 4" × 16' 4" 381.0 Block _B_, 14' 6" × 20' 10" 302.0 Deduct 4" × 3' 0" 1.0 Add for projection of wall, (13' 6" + 7') ÷ 2 × 3' = 30.8 ---- 331.8 Block _C_, 27' 6" × 17' 5" 479.0 Deduct for breaks in wall, 1' 7" × 6' 8" and 2' 6" × 3' 18.0 ---- 461.0 Block _D_, 26' 6" × 10' 5½" 277.2 Block _E_, 16' 8" × 11' 6½" 192.4 Deduct for breaks in wall, 6' 6" × 1' 11" and 3' × 5" 13.7 ----- 178.7 [2]Block _F_, 9' 10" × 9' 7½" ÷ 2 47.3 [3]Block _G_, 14' × 14' × .7854 ÷ 2 77.0 Deduct for portion of semicircular part, included in _F_, 12" × 14' approximately 14.0 ---- 63.0 ------- Total area of excavation 1,740.0 Contents, 1,740 sq. ft. × 6.5 ft. (depth) 11,311.0

[2] The block _F_ is taken as a triangle. The block _G_ is a semicircle, and its area is found, as will be noticed, by finding the area of a circle and dividing it by 2.

[3] The block _F_ is taken as a triangle. The block _G_ is a semicircle, and its area is found, as will be noticed, by finding the area of a circle and dividing it by 2.

EXCAVATION FOR WALL FOOTINGS[4] SQUARE CUBIC _Quantities_ FEET FEET _a b_, 26' × 2' 6" 65.0 _b c_, 5' 6" × 3' 16.5 _c d_, 9' 9" × 2' 6" 24.4 _d e_, 17' 6" × 2' 6" 43.7 _e f_, 27' 4" × 2' 6" 68.3 _f g_, 9' 2" × 3' 8" 33.6 _g h_, 21' × 2' 6" 52.5 _i j_, 27' 7" × 2' 6" 69.0 _j a_, 31' × 2' 6" 77.5 _k l_, 20' 2" × 2' 6" 50.4 Chimney, 12' 6" × 4' (approximately) 50 Deductions 10.4 39.6 _q r_, 16' 4" × 1' 10" 29.9 _r s_, 9' 2" × 1' 10" 16.8 _m n_ (less openings), 7' 9" × 2' 6" 19.4 _o p_, 20' × 1' 10" 36.7 ------ Total area of excavation for footings 643.3 Contents, 643.3 sq. ft. × 10 in. (.833 ft.) depth 535.9

MISCELLANEOUS EXCAVATIONS[5] CUBIC _Quantities_ FEET Front porch, 69' 9" × 2' 3" × 3' 470.8 Back porch, 24' × 2' 4" × 3' 168.0 Piers for steps, 1' 8" × 2' × 3' × 2 20.0 Piers for side steps and back porch, 2' × 2' × 3' × 4 48.0 Cellar area, 5' 9" × 6' 4" × 6' 6" 236.7 Deduct 2' × 3' × 6' 6" 39.0 ----- 197.7

Dry cesspool, 6 ft. diameter × 6 ft. depth 169.6 Cesspool, 6 ft. diameter × 8 ft. depth 226.2 Trench for pipe to cesspool, 25' × 7' 6" × 2' 375.0 Trench for drain pipes (roof drainage), 228' × 3' × 1' 684.0 Trench for drain pipes from junction to dry cesspool, 20' × 3' × 18" 90.0 -------- Total 2,449.3 -------- Grand total of excavation 14,296.2

[4] Lengths scaled along center line of walls.

[5] Lengths scaled along center line of walls.

FILLING CUBIC _Quantities_ FEET Around foundation walls, 181' 2" × 6" × 6' 6" 588.8 Around foundation of porches, etc., 142' 3" × 6" × 3' 213.4 ----- Total filling 802.2

_Cost_

The cost of excavation in sandy soil, taken from _Estimating and Calculating Quantities_,