Part 17
During the war between Florence and Castruccio Castracane, the powerful tyrant of Lucca and Pistoja, Artimino had even more to suffer. Her castle being the key to the valley, the Florentines were not slow to assail it, and after a sharp fight it fell into their hands. Not content with taking two hundred prisoners, they threw down part of the castle walls and carried home in triumph the bell of the Commune which was “of great size and of most exquisite metal,” as the Florentine chronicler recounts with a certain amount of satisfaction. The evening on which Artimino fell a long streak of lurid smoke was seen above Florence, and on the previous night a great earthquake shook the city—thus did nature and war combine to cast terror in the minds of the mediæval Italians. After the battle of Altopascio Castracane gained back his castle, but no sooner did he leave it for some other military enterprise than the Florentines returned with renewed ardour to the attack. For three days the people of Artimino fought against their assailants, “but on the third,” says Villani, “the Florentines delivered the most terrible assault that ever castle sustained and the most renowned knights of the army were engaged; it lasted from midday until the first hour of the night and the pallisades and gates of the castle were set on fire. For which reason great fear fell upon the besieged and those who were badly wounded with darts, and they begged for mercy and offered to surrender if their lives were spared; and thus it was done. And on the morning of the 27th August they left and delivered up the castle. But in despite of all promises, when the knights who escorted them departed, many were killed.”
After this the Florentines took firm possession of Artimino, rebuilt its walls and kept infantry and cavalry there, as they found it a good place from whence to harass the territory of Pistoja. For some time after Castruccio’s death it was a subject of perpetual skirmishes and many were the changes of master. How eagerly the two cities desired Artimino is shown by the clause in the agreement of the Pistojese who consented to acknowledge the suzerainty of Gualtieri for three years on condition that, together with other places, Artimino was to be added once more to their territory.
Artimino fell finally to the dominion of Florence, and to the arms of her people—a sea-horse—was added the Lily of Florence as a seal to her submission to the mistress and tyrant of Tuscany.
The time of war passed away and with the coming of peaceful years we read no more of Artimino’s villages and of her walled castle. Another building rose upon the hill whose story brings us at once to the Medicean Grand Dukes of Tuscany. It is related by that pleasant gossip Baldinucci that “His Majesty Ferdinando I, Grand Duke of Tuscany, being one day a-hunting on the hill of Artimino (on the side towards Florence where one looks upon a lovely and most extensive tract of country), seated himself on a chair and calling Buontalenti to his side said: Bernardo, just on this spot where thou seest me, I desire to have a palace sufficient to contain me and all my court; think about it and be quick.” And the work was immediately begun according to his patron’s desire, with the result that a royal villa soon rose upon the hill which had withstood so many sieges, “containing abundantly,” continues Baldinucci, “all those delights which a Grandee can desire in his country residence.”
The Medici loved the beautiful villa which was called Ferdinanda after its builder, and much money was spent in buying more land and enclosing the property with a high wall, which divided the farms from the woods preserved for the Grand Ducal hunts. Pictures were brought in numbers to fill the vast halls and in the inventory we read of priceless objects, such as “a portrait of Lorenzo d’ Urbino de’ Medici by Raphael, a Madonna and Child by Cristofano Bronzino, and a picture by Titian.”
When in 1782 Pietro Leopoldo I, (the Austrian Grand Duke) sold Artimino to Lorenzo Bartolommei, Marchese di Montegiove, the estate consisted, as it does to-day, of about two thousand acres. Later the fine old place passed by inheritance to the noble family of the Passerini of Cortona and the villa is now owned by Conte Silvio Passerini.
The wine of Artimino was famous all over Tuscany even in the days when Redi, court physician to the Grand Duke Cosimo III, drank deeply of its vintage and sang enthusiastically of its perfections in his _Bacco in Toscana_:—
“Gods my life, what glorious claret! Blessed be the ground that bare it! ’Tis Avignon. Don’t say a flask of it, Into my soul I pour a cask of it. Artimino’s finer still, Under a tun there’s no having one’s fill:”[81]
The Villa Ferdinanda is less famous than it should be, for although some visit it and return to spread among their friends a description of its grandeur and beauty, few are tempted to climb the steep and winding road to the summit of the hill. Again—the house, although seen from a great distance, stands so high above the sea level (260 metres) that it gives only the impression of being very large and almost overbalanced by an enormous projecting roof, and but little idea is obtained of its architectural beauty. The lower part of the hill is scarred by quarries of _pietra serena_ and the landscape is a little bare and arid; but as we climb the narrow winding road we soon get into a delightfully cool and remote corner of the Arno valley, where the slopes are overgrown with thick masses of broom while ilexes and a few cypresses rise above the shimmering green of the young oaks. In parts stunted oaks form a hedge, broken in parts where rocks jut out covered with trailing ivy. Every step leads us to a fairer and more extensive view. A deep azure blue of sky and plain with paler blue of the Pistojan mountains rising to the west, seen across the Artimino fields of crimson clover as we stand within the light shade of a wood where no dark shadows lie, hold the very essence of a Tuscan morning in early May. This a place from which we can best see the limitless stretch of the valley from Florence down towards the sea, the windings of the calm river and the deepening glow of colour on the hills and about the white townlets of Sesto and Prato; and as the distant murmur of the workers in the valley rise up to us, behind in the trees “The nightingale with feathers new she sings.”
Nearing the summit we see some picturesque peasant houses resembling Lombard farms, with long finely built arcades and a smaller row of arches above. A sudden turn in the road brings us in sight of the great Villa Ferdinanda. It would be difficult either in words, or by drawings, to give an adequate idea of the sense of size together with perfect proportion, of beauty with almost severe simplicity, which we receive on approaching; and it is with astonishment that we remember our first impression when looking up at it from the plain. Buontalenti would seem to have endeavoured to build a very characteristic Medicean villa; it has a beautiful staircase going up to the entrance in the manner of a suspended arch, there are the inevitable lions, and going into the great hall we pass through a charming arched recess. Yet the architect, by placing the villa above a wide grass slope and causing the walls to project at the base, and building the corners to resemble towers (two of which are only carried half-way up, forming terraces) recalled the feudal villa-castle of much earlier date. Unlike the usual Tuscan building, humble or pretentious, Artimino’s villa has no courtyard, but is built with long vaulted rooms running through at right angles which bear curious mediæval names. There is the saloon of “the Bodyguard,” that of “the Lion,” with three grated windows looking out over Poggio a Cajano, another of “the Bear,” with views over Montelupo and the Ambrogiana, while the entrance hall goes by the title of “the Wars.” The enormous size of the villa is perhaps its most striking feature—the rooms upstairs are all large and finely built with groined roofs and huge chimneypieces, some having no doors but only a round arch to separate them. Nothing mean is to be found in any part of the place—the banqueting halls and the servants’ rooms are equally fine and built on the same magnificent and simple scale. The architect had dreamed of a noble race of men who were to inhabit so sumptuous a palace.[82]
FOOTNOTES:
[81] _Op. cit._ See note p. 70.
[82] Most of the facts are taken from a pamphlet, _Artiminius_, G. L. Passerini, printed (for private circulation only) in 1888, and from Repetti’s admirable _Dizionario Geografico Fisico Storico della Toscana_. Firenze, 1835.
[Illustration: (Decorative wreath reading: FINIS.)]
INDEX
A
Acciajuoli, Cardinal, induces Cosimo III, to imprison his nephew, 123.
—— Dardano, 121.
—— Donato, Governor of Corinth, 123.
—— Francesco, strangled by order of the Sultan, 123.
—— Neri, Duke of Athens, &c., 123.
—— Niccola, gibbeted by Dante, 121.
—— —— Grand Seneschal, builds Monte Guffone, 121; wins the heart of Catherine, widow of the Prince of Taranto, 121; fights the Turks in Greece, 121; trusted minister of Queen Joan of Naples, 122; Papal envoy to Milan, 122; death of, 122; builds the Certosa near Florence, 122; burial of, at the Certosa, 123, 143.
—— Roberto, sad love story of, 123, 124.
Alberti, Leo Battista, 27.
AMBROGIANA, VILLA dell’, 88–90.
—— built by Ferdinando I, 88; marriage of Eleonora Orsini at, 88; Don Antonio de’ Medici at, 89; Maria de’ Medici at, 89; decorated by Cosimo III, 89; Ferdinando III, meets his bride at, 89; now a prison, 89, 152.
Ammirato, Scipione, defence of Petraja described by, 54–55; 57, 109, 110.
Anjou, Robert of, 121.
Arcetri, Galileo at, 62, 63.
Arragona d’, Tullia, poetess and courtezan, 56–57.
Ariosto, Lodovico, lines on Florence by, 53; 62, 63, 126, 148.
ARTIMINO, VILLA FERDINANDA a, 148–152.
—— 141; hill of Artimino mentioned by Cicero, 148; given by Otto III, to the Bishop of Pistoja, 149; old castle of Artimino taken and retaken by Florentines and Pistojesi, 150; built by Ferdinando I, 150; pictures in, 151; sold by Pietro Leopoldo I, 151; present owner of, 151; description of, 151–152; wine of, praised by Redi, 151; 152.
Austria, Joan of, see Medici.
—— Margaret of, 20.
—— Maria Maddalena of, see Medici.
B
_Bacco in Toscana_, by Dr Francesco Redi, 70, 138, 151.
Baccini, G., quoted, 4.
Baldinucci, Filippo, quoted, 91, 150, 151.
Bandini, Giovanni, duel of, 42–44.
Baroncelli, Family of, 41.
—— Tommaso, favourite of Cosimo I, 41; death of, 42.
—— The, buy Poggio, 132.
Bavaria, Violante of, see Medici.
Bella, Stefano Della, engravings of Pratolino by, 91.
BELLOSGUARDO, VILLA DI, 59–64.
—— owned by the Cavalcanti, 59; sold to Tommaso Capponi, 61; ruin of, 61; confiscation of, by Cosimo I, 61; bought by Girolamo Michelozzi, 61; immortalised by Mrs Browning, 61; view from, 61–62.
Benedict XIII, Pope, 78, 83.
Benivieni, The brothers, Villa of, 138; praise of, by Poliziano, 138.
Berenson B., quoted, 9.
Boccaccio, Giovanni, life of, by Baldelli, 6; description of Villa Palmieri by, 6–7; 57; description of “limpid Fount” by, 108; description of “Valley of the Ladies” by, 113; 114; 133; youth of, described by Roberto Gherardi, 134; description of youths and ladies leaving Florence by, 134; description of the “Joyous Company” at Poggio Gherardo, 136; 137; 138.
Bologna, Giovanni da, statue of Apennines at Pratolino by, 92.
Bombicci-Pomi, Signor, present owner of I Collazzi, 143.
Bonajuto, Lord of Pogna, common ancestor of Boccaccio and Galileo, 140.
Bonaparte, Elise, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, 40.
—— Napoleon, 64; 142.
Borghese, Princess, Cafaggiuolo bought by, 17.
—— Prince, wife of, inherits Villa Salviati, 106.
Botticelli, Sandro, picture painted for Matteo Palmieri by, described by Vasari, 3.
Botticini, Francesco, pictures by, note, 4.
Bracciolini, Poggio, 29.
Brocchi, Dr G., description of Cafaggiuolo by, 17.
Bronzino, A., portrait of Bianca Cappello by, 23.
Browne, Kenworthy, Mr, present owner of house of Boccaccio’s father, 134.
Browning, Mrs Barrett, quoted, 59, 61.
Brunnelleschi, Filippo, 28; enlarges Rusciano for Luca Pitti, 37; note, 57.
Brunnelleschi, family of, defence of Petraja by, 54–55.
Buonarroti, Michelangelo, 27; 95; 118; 143.
Buontalenti, Bernardo, architect of Pratolino, 91; storage of ice invented by, 93; architect of Villa Delle Selve, 139; architect of Villa Ferdinanda a Artimino, 150, 152.
Byron, Lord, 127.
C
CAFAGGIUOLO, VILLA di, 16–25.
—— designed by Michelozzi for Cosimo de’ Medici, 17; description of, by Vasari, 17; description of, by Dr G. Brocchi, 17; letter from, by Lorenzo and Giuliano de’ Medici, 18; letter from, by factor, 18; Donatello, a landed proprietor at, 19; Lorenzo and Giuliano de’ Medici at, 19; letter from, by A. Poliziano, 19–20; Margaret of Austria at, 20; Lorenzino de’ Medici flies to, 21; murder of Donna Eleonora de’ Medici by her husband at, 22; murder of Donna Eleonora de’ Medici at, described by Francesco I, 22; Francesco I, and Bianca Cappello at, 23; Cardinal Ferdinando de’ Medici at, 23–24; majolica of, 25.
Canaccj, Caterina, tragic love story of, 103–106.
—— Bartolomeo, 104, 105; beheaded for the murder of his step-mother, 106.
—— Francesco, 104, 105, 106.
—— Giustino, 103, 104, 105, 106.
Candia, Duke of, see Mario.
Capraja, original name, and first mention of, 90.
Caprina, Meo Del, and his brother Luca, 118.
Carlo Alberto, Prince of Carignano, 40.
Cappello, Bianca, see Medici.
CAREGGI, VILLA di, 26–36.
—— built by Cosimo de’ Medici, 26; origin of name of, 26; Michelozzi architect of, 27; Cosimo de’ Medici at, 28; Platonic Academy at, 28; death of Cosimo de’ Medici at, described by his son, 29–30; Piero de’ Medici meets Lucrezia Tornabuoni at, 30; Piero de’ Medici dies at, 30; death of Lorenzo de’ Medici at, described by A. Poliziano, 32–34; Savonarola at, 34; Piero de’ Medici accused of drowning Pier Leoni at, 35; burning of, 36; various sales of, 36.
Cascioli, Monte, 128.
CASTELLO, VILLA di, 65–70.
—— description of, 65; fountain of, 66; grotto of, 66; origin of name of, 67; Caterina Sforza lives at, 68; reception of Duke of Urbino at, 68–69; death of Maria Salviati at, 69; Cosimo I, retires to, after his marriage with Camilla Martelli, 69; vineyards of, praised by Redi, 70; gardens of, beautified by Pietro Leopoldo I, 70.
CASTEL-PULCI, VILLA di, 126–130.
CASTEL-PULCI, VILLA di, seized by Cardinal N. Orsini for debt, 126; sold to Marchese Rinnucini, 126; sold to Government for a lunatic asylum, 126; view from, 128.
Castracane, Castruccio, 149, 150.
Catherine, titular Empress of Constantinople, 121.
Cavalcanti, Guido, mention of, by Dino Compagni, 59; a friend of Dante, 59; banishment and death of, 60; description of, by Lorenzo de’ Medici, 60; praise of, by Dante, 60; sonnets by, 60.
—— Masino, beheaded, 60.
—— Paffiero, murder of Pazzino de’ Pazzi by, 61.
—— The, 60, 61.
Charles III, King of Spain, 79.
Charles VIII, King of France, 77.
Charles Emanuel IV, 46.
Clemente VI, Pope, 122.
—— VII, Pope, 99, 109, 110.
—— VIII, Pope, 100.
—— XII, Pope, 78, 79.
COLLAZZI, VILLA I, 143–147.
—— Signor Bombicci-Pomi present owner of, 143; built by Messer Agostino Dini, 143; attributed to Michelangelo, 143; Santi di Tito probable architect of, 144; picture by Santi di Tito at, 144; description of, 144.
—— Compagni, Dino, quoted, 59.
Corsini, Amerigo, Bishop, 77.
—— Andrea, Saint, 77; apparition of the Virgin to, 142.
—— Bartolomeo, 78.
—— Bartolomeo, created Prince of Sismano, &c., 79.
—— Bertholdo, beheaded in 1555, 78.
—— Filippo, 78.
—— Lorenzo, created Pope as Clement XII, 78; 79.
—— Luca, friend of Savonarola, 77.
—— Marietta, wife of Macchiavelli, 77.
—— Neri, Cardinal, 78, 79.
—— Neri, Don, Prime Minister of Tuscany, 80.
—— Tommaso di Duccio, jurist and statesman, 77.
—— Tommaso, Don, present Prince, 72, 80.
Corsini, Villa at Castello, 71–80.
—— first known as “La Lepre de’ Rinieri,” 71; various sales of, 71; description of, 71–72; inhabited by Sir Robert Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, 72.
Cortesi, Jacopo (il Borgognone), 70.
Cowper, Earl, inhabits Villa Palmieri, 4; created Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, 5.
Crawford, Earl of, buys Villa Palmieri, 1, 6.
Cybo, Veronica, daughter of Prince of Massa, 100; marriage of, described by G. Beggi, 100–102; imperious temper of, 102; murder of Caterina Canaccj by, 103–106.
D
Dante, Alighieri, quoted, 60; quoted, 81; 109; quoted, 121; 137.
Decameron, The, 6, 57, 133; note, 134, 136.
Demidoff, Prince, buys Pratolino, 96.
Dini, Agostino, builds I Collazzi, 143; Santi di Tito works for, 144; spends too much on building, 144.
Donatello. Landed proprietor at Cafaggiuolo, 19; 28.
Dudley, Sir Robert, 72; conquers Guiana and discovers Trinidad, 72; description of voyage by, 73–74; his marriages, 74; enters the service of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, 75; instrument for measuring tides invented by, 76; created Duke of Northumberland, 76; children of, 76.
Dupré, Prof. G., 51.
—— Signorina, present owner of Lappeggi, 51.
E
Eleonora of Toledo, see Medici.
Etruria, Kingdom of, 45, 46.
Evelyn, John, description of Pratolino by, 94.
Ewart, Dorothea, quoted, 56.
F
Fabriczy, Carl von, 37, 38.
Farhill, Miss, buys Villa Palmieri, 5.
Fagiuoli, Giovan Battista, facetious poem on Lappeggi by, 49; Cardinal Francesco Maria’s wit described by, 49; note, 52.
Ferdinando III, (of Lorraine), 24; lends Poggio Imperiale to King of Sardinia, 46; lends Poggio Imperiale to Carlo Alberto, Prince of Carignano, 47; 89; destroys villa at Pratolino, 96.
Ferri, Antonio, architect of Lappeggi, 49, 52; enlarges Villa Corsini, 71.
Ficino, Marsilio, 27; President of the Platonic Academy, 28, 52, 82, 86; translation of Plato finished at Villa Marmigliano, 137.
Fiesole, Description of, by B. Varchi, 81; traditions of, 81; mentioned by Dante, 81, 82, 83; poem by A. Poliziano on, 86.
Fiske, Prof. Willard, present owner of Villa Landor, 113, 137.
FONT’ ALL’ ERTA, VILLA di, 108–115.
—— description by Roberto Gherardi of, 108–109; bought by Taddeo Gaddi, 109; A. Bonsi, ambassador of Clemente VII, at, 109; inherited by Sinibaldo Gaddi, 110; Loggia of, built by Niccolò Gaddi, 110; bought by Niccolò Gondi, 112; bought by Count Pasolini, 113; meeting-place of the “Young Italy” party, 114; inherited by Countess Rasponi della Testa, 115.
Francavilla, Pietro, Pietà by, 61.
Franco, Ser Matteo, meeting of Clarice de’ Medici and her children, described by, 124–125; 127.
Frederick IV, King of Denmark, 50.
G
Gaddi, Angelo, 109.
—— Niccolò, builds Loggia at Fout’ all’ Erta, 110; character of, 110; will of, 112.
—— Sinibaldo, inherits Font’ all’ Erta, 110.
Gaddi, Taddeo (the elder), 109.
—— Taddeo (the younger), buys Font’ all’ Erta, 109.
Galilei, Galileo, lives at Bellosguardo, 62; lives at Arcetri, 62, 63; lives at Villa Delle Selve, 140.
Galluzzi, Riguccio, death of Francesco I, and of Bianca Cappello described by, 12–13; financial genius of Cosimo de’ Medici described by, 55.
GAMBERAIA, VILLA di, 116–119.
—— probable origin of name of, 116; description of, 117; garden of, laid out by Cosimo Lapi, 117; becomes the property of the Capponi, 118; cypresses and grotto of, 118; Princess Ghyka present owner of, 119.
Garibaldi, Giuseppe, visit to Mario of, 107.
Gherardi, Gherardo di Bartolomeo, buys Poggio and calls it by his name, 132.
—— Roberto, description of the Font’ all’ Erta by, 108–109; account of Boccaccio’s youth by, 134; description of Villa della Querce by, 138.
Ghyka, Princess, present owner of Gamberaia, 119.
Gioli, Simone, 118.
Giraldi, Senator Vincenzio di Giovanni di Niccolò, 144; letter deploring the extinction of simple old Florentine manners, 144–147.
Giuliani, D. Tiribilli-, 123, 132.
Gondi, Niccolò, buys Font’ all’ Erta, 112.
Gregory IX, Pope, 129.
—— XIII, Pope, 112.
H
Hawkwood, Sir John, note, 54; 132.
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, _Transformation_ written by, at Villa Montauto, 63.
Henry VII, Emperor, siege of Florence by, 42.
I
Innocent III, Pope, 23.
—— VI, Pope, 122.
J
Joan, of Austria, see Medici.
—— Queen of Naples, 122.
John XXII, Pope, 131.
L
Landino, Cristofano, 27, 28, 82.
Landor, Walter Savage, Villa of, 113; description of the Affrico by, 137.
Lapi, Andrea, 117; remains of works at Gamberaia, 118.
—— Cosimo, garden at Gamberaia laid out by, 117.
—— Jacopo, 117.
—— Zanobi, Gamberaia probably built by, 117.
—— The, property of the, divided, 118.
Lapini, A., quoted, 14.
LAPPEGGI, VILLA di, 48–52.
—— sold by the Ricasoli to Francesco de’ Medici, 48; various owners of, 48; favourite residence of Cardinal Francesco Maria de’ Medici, 49; rebuilt by Ferri, 49; celebrated by the poet G. B. Fagiuoli, 49; Frederick IV, of Denmark at, 50, 51; Violante of Bavaria at, 51; present owner of, Signorina Dupré, 51; description of, 52.
Leicester, Earl of, 72.
Leo X, Pope, 8, 20, 99.
Leoni, Pier, fresco of murder of, by G. F. Watts, 27; 35.
Leopoldo II, 15; destruction of grottoes and statues at Pratolino by, 96.
Lodovico of Bourbon, created King of Etruria, 46.
Lorraine, Christine of, see Medici.
Lucrezia Tornabuoni, see Medici.
M
Macchiavelli, Niccolò, 77, 137.
Magaldi, Meglino di Jacopo di Magaldo, leaves Poggio to the Congregation of the Visitation, 131.
—— The, appeal to the Cardinal-Legate against will of Meglino and sell Poggio, 132.
Majano, Benedetto da, 137.
—— Dante da, 137.
—— Meo di, 137.
Mann, Sir Horace, on Lord Cowper, 5; on Lady Orford, 87.
Manetti, G., 29.
Manni, Domenico, description of Roman remains near Florence, 67.
Mario (Duke of Candia) owner of Villa Salviati, 106; visit of Garibaldi to, 107.
Martelli, Lodovico, duel of, 42–44.
Martinelli, V., quoted, 14.
Martino V, Pope, 77.
Martino, San, a Mensola, St Andrew buried in, 133; pictures in, 133; 134.
Mecati, Abbate G. M., attempted murder of Lorenzo de’ Medici, described by, 83–84.
Medici, Alessandro de’, 10, 36, 99, 100.
—— Antonio de, Don, supposititious child of Bianca Cappello, 12; note, 48; returns from wars in Hungary, 89.
—— Bianca de’ (Cappello) at Cafaggiuolo, 23; at Pratolino, 92; sonnets by Tasso to, 92, 93.
—— Caterina de’, 20.
—— —— (Sforza) description of, 67; education of her son Giovanni by, 68.
—— Christine de’ (of Lorraine), bride of Ferdinando I, 13, 24, 45, 57; death of, 70, 94, 106.
—— Clarice de’ at Cafaggiuolo, 19; 86; meeting with her children, described by Ser Matteo Franco, 124.
—— Claudia de’, 45.
—— Contessina de’, 18.
—— Cosimo de’ (Pater Patriae) builds Cafaggiuolo, 17; builds Careggi, 26; 27; founds Platonic Academy, 28; death of, 29–30; wise words of, 38; character of, by Galluzzi, 55; admiration of Pius II, for, 56; friends of, 56.
—— Cosimo I, de’, reception of Eleonora of Toledo by, 11; as a child at Trebbio, 21, 22, 24; created Grand Duke by Pius V, 41; gives Villa Baroncelli (afterwards Poggio Imperiale) to his daughter Isabella, 44; at Petraja, 56, 57; confiscation of Bellosguardo by, 61; retires to Castello after his marriage with Camilla Martelli, 69; letter from, about his marriage, 69, 99, 110, 148.
—— Cosimo II, de’, 45.
—— Cosimo III, de’, marriage of, to Marguerite Louise d’ Orleans, 13; quarrels with his wife, 14–15, 45, 51, 58, 70, 72, 89, 95; imprisons the wife of Roberto Acciajuoli, 123; condemns Roberto Acciajuoli to perpetual imprisonment, 124; 151.
—— Eleonora de’, (of Toledo), marries Cosimo I, 11; dislike of the Florentines to, 57.
—— Eleonora de’, Donna, (of Toledo), description of, 21; murder of, by her husband Don Pietro, 22; letter by Francesco I, about murder of, 22.
—— Ferdinando de’, Cardinal, goes to Poggio a Cajano, 11; becomes Grand Duke of Tuscany, 23; 57.