Part 19
“The gold jewels of Jinnie, which are called by the Arabs El Herrez, from the supposed charm they contain.”—_Jackson._
Footnote 333:
p. 298.—_To keep him from the Siltim’s harm._
“A demon, supposed to haunt woods, &c. in a human shape.”—_Richardson._
Footnote 334:
p. 298.—_Her Selim’s smile to_ NOURMAHAL.
The name of Jehanguire before his accession to the throne.
Footnote 335:
p. 300.—_Anemones and Seas of Gold._
“Hemasagara, or the Sea of Gold, with flowers of the brightest gold colour.”—_Sir W. Jones._
Footnote 336:
p. 300.—_Their buds on_ CAMADEVA’S _quiver._
“This tree (the Nagacesara) is one of the most delightful on earth, and the delicious odour of its blossoms justly gives them a place in the quiver of Camadeva, or the God of Love.”—_Id._
Footnote 337:
p. 300.—_Is call’d the Mistress of the Night._
“The Malayans style the tube-rose (Polianthes tuberosa) Sandal Malam, or the Mistress of the Night.”—_Pennant._
Footnote 338:
p. 300.—_That wander through_ ZAMARA’S _shades._
The people of the Batta country in Sumatra (of which Zamara is one of the ancient names), “when not engaged in war, lead an idle, inactive life, passing the day in playing on a kind of flute, crowned with garlands of flowers, among which the globe-amaranthus, a native of the country, mostly prevails.”—_Marsden._
Footnote 339:
p. 300.—_From the divine Amrita tree._
“The largest and richest sort (of the Jambu, or rose-apple) is called Amrita, or immortal, and the mythologists of Tibet apply the same word to a celestial tree, bearing ambrosial fruit.”—_Sir W. Jones._
Footnote 340:
p. 301.—_Down to the basil tuft, that waves._
Sweet basil, called Rayhan in Persia, and generally found in church-yards.
“The women in Egypt go, at least two days in the week, to pray and weep at the sepulchres of the dead; and the custom then is to throw upon the tombs a sort of herb, which the Arabs call _rihan_, and which is our sweet basil.”—_Maillet_, Lett. 10.
Footnote 341:
p. 301.—_To scent the desert and the dead._
“In the Great Desert are found many stalks of lavender and rosemary.”—_Asiat. Res._
Footnote 342:
p. 303.—_That blooms on a leafless bough._
“The almond-tree, with white flowers, blossoms on the bare branches.”—_Hasselquist._
Footnote 343:
p. 303.—_Inhabit the mountain-herb, that dyes._
An herb on Mount Libanus, which is said to communicate a yellow golden hue to the teeth of the goats and other animals that graze upon it.
_Niebuhr_ thinks this may be the herb which the Eastern alchymists look to as a means of making gold. “Most of those alchymical enthusiasts think themselves sure of success, if they could but find out the herb, which gilds the teeth and gives a yellow colour to the flesh of the sheep that eat it. Even the oil of this plant must be of a golden colour. It is called _Haschischat ed dab_.”
Father Jerom Dandini, however, asserts that the teeth of the goats at Mount Libanus are of a _silver_ colour; and adds, “This confirms to me that which I observed in Candia: to wit, that the animals that live on Mount Ida eat a certain herb, which renders their teeth of a golden colour; which, according to my judgment, cannot otherwise proceed than from the mines which are under ground.”—_Dandini_, Voyage to Mount Libanus.
Footnote 344:
p. 304.—_Of_ AZAB _blew, was full of scents._—The myrrh country.
Footnote 345:
p. 304.—_Where Love himself, of old, lay sleeping._
“This idea (of deities living in shells) was not unknown to the Greeks, who represent the young Nerites, one of the Cupids, as living in shells on the shores of the Red Sea.”—_Wilford._
Footnote 346:
p. 305.—_From_ CHINDARA’S _warbling fount I come._
“A fabulous mountain, where instruments are said to be constantly playing.”—_Richardson._
Footnote 347:
p. 307.—_The cinnamon-seed from grove to grove._
“The Pompadour pigeon is the species, which, by carrying the fruit of the cinnamon to different places, is a great disseminator of this valuable tree.”—See _Brown_’s Illustr. Tab. 19.
Footnote 348:
p. 307.—_The past, the present, and future of pleasure._
“Whenever our pleasure arises from a succession of sounds, it is a perception of a complicated nature, made up of a _sensation_ of the present sound or note, and an _idea_ or remembrance of the foregoing, while their mixture and concurrence produce such a mysterious delight, as neither could have produced alone. And it is often heightened by an anticipation of the succeeding notes. Thus Sense, Memory and Imagination are conjunctively employed.”—_Gerrard_ on Taste.
This is exactly the Epicurean theory of Pleasure, as explained by Cicero:—“Quocirca corpus gaudere tamdiu, dum præsentem sentiret voluptatem: animum et præsentem percipere pariter cum corpore et prospicere venientem, nec præteritam præterfluere sinere.”
Madame de Staël accounts upon the same principle for the gratification we derive from _rhyme_:—“Elle est l’image de l’espérance et du souvenir. Un son nous fait désirer celui qui doit lui répondre, et quand le second retentit il nous rappelle celui qui vient de nous échapper.”
Footnote 349:
p. 308.—_Whose glimpses are again withdrawn._
“The Persians have two mornings, the Soobhi Kazim and the Soobhi Sadig, the false and the real day-break. They account for this phenomenon in a most whimsical manner. They say that as the sun rises from behind the Kohi Qaf (Mount Caucasus), it passes a hole perforated through that mountain, and that darting its rays through it, it is the cause of the Soobhi Kazim, or this temporary appearance of day-break. As it ascends, the earth is again veiled in darkness, until the sun rises above the mountain, and brings with it the Soobhi Sadig, or real morning.”—_Scott Waring._ He thinks Milton may allude to this, when he says,—
“Ere the blabbing Eastern scout, The nice morn on the Indian steep From her cabin’d loop-hole peep.”
Footnote 350:
p. 309.—_In his magnificent Shalimar._
“In the centre of the plain, as it approaches the Lake, one of the Delhi Emperors, I believe Shah Jehan, constructed a spacious garden called the Shalimar, which is abundantly stored with fruit-trees and flowering shrubs. Some of the rivulets which intersect the plain are led into a canal at the back of the garden, and flowing through its centre, or occasionally thrown into a variety of water-works, compose the chief beauty of the Shalimar. To decorate this spot, the Mogul Princes of India have displayed an equal magnificence and taste; especially Jehan Gheer, who, with the enchanting Noor Mahl, made Kashmire his usual residence during the summer months. On arches thrown over the canal are erected, at equal distances, four or five suites of apartments, each consisting of a saloon, with four rooms at the angles, where the followers of the court attend, and the servants prepare sherbets, coffee, and the hookah. The frame of the doors of the principal saloon is composed of pieces of a stone of a black colour, streaked with yellow lines, and of a closer grain and higher polish than porphyry. They were taken, it is said, from a Hindoo temple, by one of the Mogul princes, and are esteemed of great value.”—_Forster._
Footnote 351:
p. 309.—_Of beauty from its founts and streams._
“The waters of Cachemir are the more renowned from its being supposed that the Cachemirians are indebted for their beauty to them.”—_Ali Yezdi._
Footnote 352:
p. 309.—_Singing in gardens of the South._
“From him I received the following little Gazzel, or Love Song, the notes of which he committed to paper from the voice of one of those singing girls of Cashmere, who wander from that delightful valley over the various parts of India.”—_Persian Miscellanies._
Footnote 353:
p. 309.—_Delicate as the roses there._
“The roses of the Jinan Nile, or Garden of the Nile (attached to the Emperor of Marocco’s palace), are unequalled, and mattresses are made of their leaves for the men of rank to recline upon.”—_Jackson._
Footnote 354:
p. 309.—_With Paphian diamonds in their locks._
“On the side of a mountain near Paphos there is a cavern which produces the most beautiful rock-crystal. On account of its brilliancy it has been called the Paphian diamond.”—_Mariti._
Footnote 355:
p. 309.—_On the gold meads of Candahar._
“There is a part of Candahar, called Peria, or Fairy Land.”—_Thevenot._ In some of those countries to the north of India, vegetable gold is supposed to be produced.
Footnote 356:
p. 310.—_Had been by magic all set flying._
“These are the butterflies which are called in the Chinese language Flying Leaves. Some of them have such shining colours, and are so variegated, that they may be called flying flowers; and indeed they are always produced in the finest flower-gardens.”—_Dunn._
Footnote 357:
p. 310.—_The features of young Arab maids._
“The Arabian women wear black masks with little clasps prettily ordered.”—_Carreri._ Niebuhr mentions their showing but one eye in conversation.
Footnote 358:
p. 311.—_On_ CASBIN’S _hills._
“The golden grapes of Casbin.”—_Description of Persia._
Footnote 359:
p. 311.—_And sunniest apples that Caubul_—
“The fruits exported from Caubul are apples, pears, pomegranates,” &c.—_Elphinstone._
Footnote 360:
p. 311.—_in all its thousand gardens bears._
“We sat down under a tree, listened to the birds, and talked with the son of our Mehmaundar about our country and Caubul, of which he gave an enchanting account: that city and its 100,000 gardens,” &c.—_Id._
Footnote 361:
p. 311.—MALAYA’S _nectar’d mangusteen._
“The mangusteen, the most delicate fruit in the world; the pride of the Malay islands.”—_Marsden._
Footnote 362:
p. 311.—_Seed of the Sun, from_ IRAN’S _land._
“A delicious kind of apricot, called by the Persians tokm-ek-shems, signifying sun’s seed.”—_Description of Persia._
Footnote 363:
p. 311.—_With rich conserve of Visna cherries._
“Sweetmeats, in a crystal cup, consisting of rose-leaves in conserve, with lemon of Visna cherry orange flowers,” &c.—_Russel._
Footnote 364:
p. 311.—_Feed on in Erac’s rocky dells._
“Antelopes, cropping the fresh berries of Erac.”—The _Moallakat_, Poem of Tarafa.
Footnote 365:
p. 311.—_And urns of porcelain from that isle._
Mauri-ga-Sima, an island near Formosa, supposed to have been sunk in the sea for the crimes of its inhabitants. The vessels which the fishermen and divers bring up from it are sold at an immense price in China and Japan.—See _Kæmpfer_.
Footnote 366:
p. 312.—_Amber Rosolli._—Persian Tales.
Footnote 367:
p. 312.—_From vineyards of the Green-Sea gushing._
The white wine of Kishma.
Footnote 368:
p. 312.—_Offer’d a city’s wealth._
“The King of Zeilan is said to have the very finest ruby that was ever seen. Kublai-Khan sent and offered the value of a city for it, but the King answered he would not give it for the treasure of the world.”—_Marco Polo._
Footnote 369:
p. 312.—_Upon a rosy lotus wreath._
The Indians feign that Cupid was first seen floating down the Ganges on the Nymphæa Nelumbo.—See _Pennant_.
Footnote 370:
p. 312.—_When warm they rise from Teflis’ brooks._
Teflis is celebrated for its natural warm baths.—See _Ebn Haukal_.
Footnote 371:
p. 312.—_Of a syrinda._
“The Indian Syrinda, or guitar.”—_Symez._
Footnote 372:
p. 313.—_It is this, it is this._
“Around the exterior of the Dewan Khafs (a building of Shah Allum’s) in the cornice are the following lines in letters of gold upon a ground of white marble:—‘_If there be a paradise upon earth, it is this, it is this._’”—_Franklin._
Footnote 373:
p. 313.—_As the flower of the Amra just op’d by a bee._
“Delightful are the flowers of the Amra trees on the mountain-tops, while the murmuring bees pursue their voluptuous toil.”—_Song of Jayadeva._
Footnote 374:
p. 314.—_And precious their tears as that rain from the sky._
“The Nisan or drops of spring rain, which they believe to produce pearls if they fall into shells.”—_Richardson._
Footnote 375:
p. 314.—_Who for wine of this earth left the fountains above._
For an account of the share which wine had in the fall of the angels, see _Mariti_.
Footnote 376:
p. 314.—_Of_ ISRAFIL, _the Angel, there._
The Angel of Music. See note 293.
Footnote 377:
p. 318.—_When first ’tis by the lapwing found._
The Hudhud, or Lapwing, is supposed to have the power of discovering water under ground.
Footnote 378:
p. 321.—_Of her dream._—See p. 215.
Footnote 379:
p. 322.—_Like that painted porcelain._ “The Chinese had formerly the art of painting on the sides of porcelain vessels fish and other animals, which were only perceptible when the vessel was full of some liquor. They call this species Kia-tsin, that is, _azure is put in press_, on account of the manner in which the azure is laid on.”—“They are every now and then trying to recover the art of this magical painting, but to no purpose.”—_Dunn._
Footnote 380:
p. 323.—_House of Azor._—An eminent carver of idols, said in the Koran to be father to Abraham. “I have such a lovely idol as is not to be met with in the house of Azor.”—_Hafiz._
Footnote 381:
p. 323.—_The Unequalled._—Kachmire be Nazeer.—_Forster._
Footnote 382:
p. 324.—_Miraculous fountains._—“The pardonable superstition of the sequestered inhabitants has multiplied the places of worship of Mahadeo, of Beschan, and of Brama. All Cashmere is holy land, and miraculous fountains abound.”—_Major Rennel_’s Memoirs of a Map of Hindostan.
Jehanguire mentions “a fountain in Cashmere called Tirnagh, which signifies a snake; probably because some large snake had formerly been seen there.”—“During the lifetime of my father, I went twice to this fountain, which is about twenty coss from the city of Cashmere. The vestiges of places of worship and sanctity are to be traced without number amongst the ruins and the caves, which are interspersed in its neighbourhood.”—_Toozek Jehangeery._—Vide _Asiat. Misc._ vol. ii.
There is another account of Cashmere by Abul-Fazil, the author of the Ayin-Acbaree, “who,” says _Major Rennel_, “appears to have caught some of the enthusiasm of the valley, by his description of the holy places in it.”
Footnote 383:
p. 324.—_Roofed with flowers._—“On a standing roof of wood is laid a covering of fine earth, which shelters the building from the great quantity of snow that falls in the winter season. This fence communicates an equal warmth in winter, as a refreshing coolness in the summer season, when the tops of the houses, which are planted with a variety of flowers, exhibit at a distance the spacious view of a beautifully chequered parterre.”—_Forster._
Footnote 384:
p. 324.—_The triple-coloured tortoise-shell of Pegu._—“Two hundred slaves there are, who have no other office than to hunt the woods and marshes for triple-coloured tortoises for the King’s Vivary. Of the shells of these also lanterns are made.”—_Vincent le Blanc_’s Travels.
Footnote 385:
p. 325.—_Like the meteors of the north as they are seen by those hunters._—For a description of the Aurora Borealis as it appears to these hunters, vide _Encyclopædia_.
Footnote 386:
p. 325.—_Odoriferous wind._—This wind, which is to blow from Syria Damascena, is, according to the Mahometans, one of the signs of the Last Day’s approach.
Another of the signs is, “Great distress in the world, so that a man when he passes by another’s grave shall say, ‘Would to God I were in his place!’”—_Sale_’s Preliminary Discourse.
Footnote 387:
p. 328.—_As precious as the Cerulean Throne of Coolburga._—“On Mahommed Shaw’s return to Koolburga (the capital of Dekkan), he made a great festival, and mounted this throne with much pomp and magnificence, calling it Firozeh, or Cerulean. I have heard some old persons, who saw the throne Firozeh in the reign of Sultan Mamood Bhamenee, describe it. They say that it was in length nine feet, and three in breadth; made of ebony, covered with plates of pure gold, and set with precious stones of immense value. Every prince of the house of Bhamenee, who possessed this throne, made a point of adding to it some rich stones; so that when in the reign of Sultan Mamood it was taken to pieces, to remove some of the jewels to be set in vases and cups, the jewellers valued it at one corore of oons (nearly four millions sterling). I learned also that it was called Firozeh from being partly enamelled of a sky-blue colour, which was in time totally concealed by the number of jewels.”—_Ferishta._
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Transcriber’s Notes
This file uses _underscores_ to indicate italic text.
In cases where it is not clear whether a stanza break occurred across a page break, this edition follows the stanza breaks in the first edition of 1817. Obvious typographical errors such as missing or mismatched quotation marks were fixed on pages 77, 134, 183, 186, 342, 364, and 371, and the use of small caps in apostrophized words has been silently standardized. Other inconsistencies in spelling, hyphenation, etc. have not been corrected except as noted below.
The formatting of the endnotes in the printed edition varies. In this edition missing punctuation has been supplied and centered text has been left justified, but paragraph breaks have not been standardized. The page numbers given are those in the printed edition.
Images have been moved to natural breaks in the printed text; however, the printed page numbers in the Table of Illustrations have not been changed.
The illustrated title-page for the fourth section contains the drawn text “The Light of the Harem;” however, in the Table of Contents and in the story itself, the word is spelled “Haram.”
Itemized changes from the original text:
• p. xvi: Changed “aquaintance” to “acquaintance” in “a hasty renewal of my acquaintance with it.” • p. xvii n. iii: Changed “Jansenistes” to “jansénistes” in French quotation. • p. xxiii: Changed “Peri” to “Péri” in French quotation. • p. 9: Added missing endnote reference 25 to poem title. • p. 91: Changed “half way” to “half-way” in “souls but half-way curst”. • p. 212: Changed “e’er” to “ere” in “ere a drop of this night’s gore”. • p. 218: Removed comma after “keen” from “With that keen second-scent of death”. • p. 230 and note 255: Changed “dark-sea robber’s way” to “dark sea-robber’s way.” • p. 251: Supplied missing indentation to match other public domain editions. • p. 334 n. 15: Changed “Hindostan” to “Hindoostan” in citation. • p. 355: Corrected endnote number from 131 to 181. • p. 366 n. 266: Changed “Bidmusk” to “Bid-musk” in head quote to match main text; left as “Bidmusk” in quotation from cited text. • p. 368 n. 279: Changed “lightning gem” to “lightning-gem” to match main text. • p. 371 n. 310: Changed “durée” to “duré” and “apperçût” to “apperçut” in French quotation. • p. 375: Corrected endnote number from 44 to 344. • p. 379 n. 371: Changed “Symez” to “Symes”. • p. 381 n. 386: Corrected nested quotation marks in endnote 386.