part i

. 164.

[353] "Gazetteer of the Tanjore District," 1906, i. 69.

[354] "Our Tour in Southern India," 1883, 162-3.

[355] "Sketches of Field Sports Followed by the Natives of India," 1822.

[356] The note was originally published in Madras Museum Bull., 1906, v., No. 2, 98-105.

[357] The Cherumars are field labourers, who were formerly agrestic slaves, and, like other servile classes, possess special privileges on special occasions.

[358] The tulsi plant is the most sacred plant of the Hindus, by whom it is grown in pots, or in brick or earthen pillars (brindavanam) hollowed out at the top, in which earth is deposited. It is watered and worshipped daily.

[359] The sacred conch or chank shell is used as a musical instrument in processions, and during religious services at Hindu temples.

[360] "Ind. Ant," 1873, iii. 191.

[361] The name Black Town was changed to George Town, to commemorate the visit of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales to Madras in 1906.

[362] Journ. Anthrop. Inst., 1874, iv. 371.

[363] Buffalo races, see my "Castes and Tribes of Southern India," 1909, i. 157-62.

[364] "A Singular Aboriginal Race of the Nilagiris," 1832, 76.

[365] "Ind. Ant." 1879, viii. 34.

[366] Liquor is distilled from ippa flowers.

[367] "Gazetteer of the Vizagapatam District," 1907, i. 73.

[368] "Gazetteer of the Godavari District," 1907, i. 47.

[369] Madras Mail, 4th November, 1905.

[370] "Gazetteer of the South Arcot District," 1906, i. 94.

[371] Ibid.

[372] "Magic and Fetishism" (Religions ancient and modern), 1906, 62.

[373] "Malabar and its Folk," Madras, 2nd ed., 63-4.

[374] Indra presides over the seasons and crops, and is therefore worshipped at times of sowing and reaping.