chapter viii

., that the ancient Æthiopians were never a Hamitic race.

[781] Servius: “Virgil,” Eclog. vi., v. 42.

[782] Ovid: “Fast.,” lib. iii., v. 285-346.

[783] “Titus Livius,” lib. i., cap. xxxi.

[784] Pliny: “Hist. Nat.,” lib. ii., cap. liii.

[785] Lucius: “Piso;” Pliny: “Hist. Nat.,” lib. xxviii., c. ii.

[786] “Columella,” lib. x., vers. 346, etc.

[787] See “Notice sur les Travaux de l’Academie du Gard,” part i., pp. 304-314, by la Boissière.

[788] “Bell. Jud. adv. Roman,” lib. v., cap. xiv.

[789] “Magasin Scientifique de Goëthingen,” 3me. année, 5me. cahier.

[790] “Ammian. Marcel.,” lib. xxiii., cap. vi.

[791] “Oupnek-hat,” Brahman xi.

[792] “Ktesias, in India ap. Photum.,” Bibl. Cod. lxxii.

[793] Buffon: “Histoire Naturelle des Mineraux,” 6me Mem., art. ii.

[794] “Egypt’s Place in Universal History,” vol. iv., p. 462.

[795] “Archæologia,” vol. xv., p. 320.

[796] Lib. ii., c. 50.

[797] Galen: “De Composit. Medec.,” lib. v.

[798] “Ancient Fragments:” see chapter on the Early Kings of Egypt.

[799] “Pliny,” lib. vii., c. 56.

[800] Jablonski: “Pantheon Ægypti.,” ii., Proleg. 10.

[801] Cicero: “De Divinatione.”

[802] “Telegraphic Journal,” art. Scientific Prophecy.

[803] Professor Albrecht Müller: “The First Traces of Man in Europe.” Says the author: “And this bronze age reaches to _and overlaps_ the beginning of the historic period in some countries, and so includes the great epochs of the Assyrian and Egyptian Empires, _B.C. circa_ 1500, and the earlier eras of the next succeeding age of iron.”

[804] “Conflict between Religion and Science,” chap. i.

[805] Psellus: “Chaldean Oracles,” 4, cxliv.

[806] Psellus: “Zoroast. Oracles,” 4.

[807] Proctor: “Saturn and the Sabbath of the Jews,” p. 309.

[808] Dioscorides: “Περι Ὑλης Ιατρικῆς,” lib. v., cap. clviii.

[809] Pliny: “Histoire Naturelle,” lib. xxxviii., cap. vii.

[810] Le P. Paulin de St. Barthelemi: “Voyage aux Indes Orientales,” vol. i., p. 358.

[811] Max Müller, Professor Wilson, and H. J. Bushby, with several other Sanscrit students, prove that “Oriental scholars, both native and European, have shown that the rite of widow-burning was not only unsanctionable but imperatively forbidden by the earliest and most authoritative Hindu Scriptures” (“Widow-burning,” p. 21). See Max Müller’s “Comparative Mythology.” “Professor Wilson,” says Max Müller, “was the first to point out the falsification of the text and the change of ‘_yonim agre_’ into ‘_yonim agne_’ (womb of fire).... According to the hymns of the ‘Rig-Veda,’ and the Vaidic ceremonial contained in the ‘Grihya-Sûtras,’ the wife accompanies the corpse of the husband to the funeral pile, but she is there addressed with a verse taken from the ‘Rig-Veda,’ and ordered to leave her husband, and to return to the world of the living” (“Comparative Mythology,” p. 35).

[812] Hence the story that Moses fabricated there the serpent or seraph of brass which the Israelites worshipped till the reign of Hezekiah.

[813] A. Gell: “Noet. Attic.,” lib. x., cap. xiii.

[814] Such is _not_ our opinion. They were probably built by the Atlantians.

[815] “Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan,” vol. ii., p. 457.

[816] Max Müller: “Chips from a German Workshop,” vol. ii., p. 269.

[817] Max Müller: “Popol-Vuh,” p. 327.

[818] Why not to the sacrifices of men in ancient worship?

[819] “Odyssey,” xii. 71.

[820] “Chips from a German Workshop,” p. 268.

[821] Villemarque, Member of the Institute. Vol. lx.; “Collect et Nouvelle Serie,” 24, p. 570, 1863; “Poesie des Cloitres Celtiques.”

[822] “Archæol.,” vol. xxv., p. 220. London.

[823] “Archæol.,” vol. xxv., p. 292. London.

[824] Brasseur de Bourbourg: “Cartas,” p. 52.

[825] See Stephens: “Travels in Central America,” etc.

[826] “Cartas,” 53, 7-62.

[827] “Die Phönizier,” 70.

[828] See Sanchoniaton in “Eusebius,” Pr. Ev. 36; Genesis xiv.

[829] “Archæological Society of the Antiquaries of London,” vol. xxv., p. 220.

[830] “Cartas,” 51.

[831] “Hauts Phénomenes de la Magie,” 50.

[832] Genesis xlix.

[833] Dunlap, in his introduction to “SOD, the Mysteries of Adonis,” explains the word “Sod,” as _Arcanum_; religious mystery on the authority of Shindler’s “Penteglott” (1201). “The SECRET of the Lord is with them that fear Him,” says Psalm xxv. 14. This is a mistranslation of the Christians, for it ought to read “_Sod_ Ihoh (the mysteries of Iohoh) are for _those who fear Him_” (Dunlap: “Mysteries of Adonis,” xi.). “Al (El) is terrible in the great Sod of the _Kedeshim_ (the priests, the holy, the _Initiated_), Psalm lxxxix. 7” (_Ibid._).

[834] “The members of the _priest-colleges_ were called _Sodales_,” says Freund’s “Latin Lexicon” (iv. 448). “SODALITIES were constituted in the Idæan Mysteries of the MIGHTY MOTHER,” writes Cicero (“De Senectute,” 13); Dunlap: “Mysteries of Adonis.”

[835] See Wilkinson: “Ancient Egyptians,” vol. v., p. 65.

[836] Brasseur de Bourbourg: “Mexique,” pp. 135-574.

[837] “Catholic World,” N. Y., January, 1877: Article Nagualism, Voodooism, etc.

[838] In “Hesiod,” Zeus creates his _third_ race of men out of ash-trees. In “Popol-Vuh,” we are told the _third_ race of men is created out of the tree “tzite,” and women are made from the marrow of a reed which was called “sibac.” This also is a strange coincidence.

[839] “Popol-Vuh,” reviewed by Max Müller.

[840] Frank Vincent, Jun.: “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 209.

[841] The Hanoumā is over three feet tall, and black as a coal. The _Ramayana_, giving the biography of this sacred monkey, relates that Hanoumā was formerly a powerful chieftain, who being the greatest friend of Rama, helped him to find his wife, Sithâ, who had been carried off to Ceylon by Râvana, the mighty king of the giants. After numerous adventures Hanoumā was caught by the latter, while visiting the city of the giant as Rama’s spy. For this crime Râvana had the poor Hanoumā’s tail oiled and set on fire, and it was in extinguishing it that the monkey-god became so black in the face that neither himself nor his posterity could ever get rid of the color. If we have to believe Hindu legends this same Hanoumā was the _progenitor_ of the Europeans; a tradition which, though strictly Darwinian, hence, scientific, is by no means flattering to us. The legend states that for services rendered, Rama, the hero and demi-god, gave in marriage to the monkey-warriors of his army the daughters of the giants of Ceylon—the Bâkshasas—and granted them, moreover, as a dowry, all western parts of the world. Repairing thence, the monkeys and their giant-wives lived happily and had a number of descendants. The latter are the present Europeans. Dravidian words are found in Western Europe, indicating that there was an original unity of race and language between the populations. May it not be a hint that the traditions are akin, of elfin and kobold races in Europe, and monkeys, actually cognate with them in Hindustan?

[842] “Incidents of Travels in Central America, etc.,” vol. i., p. 105.

[843] They stand no more, for the obelisk alone was removed to Paris.

[844] See “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 221.

[845] The President of the Royal Geographical Society of Berlin.

[846] “The Land of the White Elephant,” p. 215.

[847] The Phœnician Dido is the feminine of David דוד , דידו. Under the name of Astartè, she led the Phœnician colonies, and her image was on the prow of their ships. But David and Saul are names belonging to Afghanistan also.

[848] (Prof. A. Wilder.) This archæologist says: “I regard the Æthiopian, Cushite and Hamitic races as the building and artistic race who worshipped Baal (Siva), or Bel—made temples, grottos, pyramids, and used a language of peculiar type. Rawlinson derives that language from the _Turanians_ in Hindustan.”

[849] Prof. A. Wilder among others.

[850] See Martin Haug’s translation: “The Aytareya Brahmanam.“

[851] Judges xvii.-xviii., etc.

[852] The Zendic _H_ is _S_ in India. Thus Hapta is Sapta; _Hindu_ is _Sindhaya_. (A. Wilder.) ” ... the _S_ continually softens to _H_ from Greece to Calcutta, from the Caucasus to Egypt,” says Dunlap. Therefore the letters _K_, _H_, and _S_ are interchangeable.

[853] Guignant: “Op. cit.,” vol. i., p. 167.

[854] “Incidents of Travel in Central America, etc.”

[855] See Paul to the Galatians, iv. 24, and Gospel according to Matthew, xiii. 10-15.

[856] A. Wilder says that “Gan-duniyas,” is a name of Babylonia.

[857] The appropriate definition of the name “Turanian” is, any ethnic family that ethnologists know nothing about.

[858] See Berosus and Sanchoniathon: Cory’s “Ancient Fragments:” Movers and others.

[859] Movers, 86.

[860] Ibid.

[861] Sanchon.: in Cory’s “Fragments,” p. 14.

[862] In an old Brahmanical book called the “Prophecies,” by Ramatsariar, as well as in the Southern MSS. in the legend of Christna, the latter gives nearly word for word the first two chapters of Genesis. He recounts the creation of man—whom he calls _Adima_, in Sanscrit, the ‘first man’—and the first woman is called _Heva_, that which completes life. According to Louis Jacolliot (“La Bible dans l’Inde”), Christna existed, and his legend was written, over 3,000 years B. C.

[863] _Adah_ in Hebrew is גן־עדן, and Eden, אלהים. The first is a woman’s name; the second the designation of a country. They are closely related to each other; but hardly to Adam and Akkad—כתנות צור, which are spelled with aleph.

[864] The two words answer to the terms, _Macroprosopos_, or macrocosm—the absolute and boundless, and the _Microprosopos_ of the “Kabala,” the “short face,” or the microcosm—the finite and conditioned. It is not translated; nor is it likely to be. The Thibetean monks say that it is the real “Sutrâs.” Some Buddhists believe that Buddha was, in a previous existence, Kapila himself. We do not see how several Sanscrit scholars can entertain the idea that Kapila was an atheist, while every legend shows him the most ascetic mystic, the founder of the sect of the Yogis.

[865] The “Brahmanas” were translated by Dr. Haug; see his “Aitareya Brâhmanam.”

[866] The “Stan-gyour” is full of rules of magic, the study of occult powers, and their acquisition, charms, incantations, etc.; and is as little understood by its lay-interpreters as the Jewish “Bible” is by our clergy, or the “Kabala” by the European Rabbis.

[867] “Aitareya Brahmana,” Lecture by Max Müller.

[868] Ibid., “Buddhist Pilgrims.”

[869] “Progress of Religious Ideas through Successive Ages,” vol. i., p. 17.

[870] “La Bible dans l’Inde.”

[871] “La Bible dans l’Inde.”

[872] “Presbyterian Banner,” December 20, 1876.

[873] “La Bible dans l’Inde.”

[874] See Max Müller’s “Lecture on the Vedas.”

[875] See Roth’s “The Burial in India;” Max Müller’s “Comparative Mythology” (Lecture); Wilson’s article, “The Supposed Vaidic Authority for the Burning of Hindu Widows,” etc.

[876] Bunsen gives as the first year of Menes, 3645; Manetho as 3892 B.C. “Eqypt’s Place,” etc., vol. v., 34; Key.

[877] Louis Jacolliot, in “The Bible in India,” affirms the same.

[878] _Purana_ means ancient and sacred history or tradition. See Loiseleur Des-longchamp’s translations of “Manu;” also L. Jacolliot’s “La Genèse dans l’Humanité.”

[879] There are archæologists, who, like Mr. James Fergusson, deny the great antiquity of even one single monument in India. In his work, “Illustrations of the Rock-Cut Temples of India,” the author ventures to express the very extraordinary opinion that “Egypt had ceased to be a nation before the earliest of the cave-temples of India was excavated.” In short, he does not admit the existence of any cave anterior to the reign of Asoka, and seems willing to prove that most of these rock-cut temples were executed from the time of that pious Buddhist king, till the destruction of the Andhra dynasty of Maghada, in the beginning of the fifth century. We believe such a claim perfectly arbitrary. Further discoveries are sure to show how erroneous and unwarranted it was.

[880] It is a strange coincidence that when first discovered, America was found to bear among some native tribes the name of Atlanta.

[881] Baldwin: “Prehistoric Nations,” p. 179.

[882] Alberico Vespuzio, the son of Anastasio Vespuzio or Vespuchy, is now gravely doubted in regard to the naming of the New World. Indeed the name is said to have occurred in a work written several centuries before. A. Wilder (Notes).

[883] See Thomas Belt: “The Naturalists in Nicaragua.” London, 1873.

[884] Torfæus: “Historia Vinlandiæ Antiquæ.”

[885] 2 Kings, xxii. 14; 2 Chronicles, xxxiv. 22.

[886] As we are going to press with this chapter, we have received from Paris, through the kindness of the Honorable John L. O’Sullivan, the complete works of Louis Jacolliot in twenty-one volumes. They are chiefly upon India and its old traditions, philosophy, and religion. This indefatigable writer has collected a world of information from various sources, mostly authentic. While we do not accept his personal views on many points, still we freely acknowledge the extreme value of his copious translations from the Indian sacred books. The more so, since we find them corroborating in every respect the assertions we have made. Among other instances is this matter of the submergence of continents in prehistoric days.

In his “Histoire des Vierges: Les Peuples et les Continents Disparus,” he says: “One of the most ancient legends of India, preserved in the temples by oral and written tradition, relates that several hundred thousand years ago there existed in the Pacific Ocean, an immense continent which was destroyed by geological upheaval, and the fragments of which must be sought in Madagascar, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and the principal isles of Polynesia.

“The high plateaux of Hindustan and Asia, according to this hypothesis, would only have been represented in those distant epochs by great islands contiguous to the central continent.... According to the Brahmans this country had attained a high civilization, and the peninsula of Hindustan, enlarged by the displacement of the waters, at the time of the grand cataclysm, has but continued the chain of the primitive traditions born in this place. These traditions give the name of _Rutas_ to the peoples which inhabited this immense equinoctial continent, and from their speech _was derived the Sanscrit_.” (We will have something to say of this language in our second volume.)

“The Indo-Hellenic tradition, preserved by the most intelligent population which emigrated from the plains of India, equally relates the existence of a continent and a people to which it gives the name of Atlantis and Atlantides, and which it locates in the Atlantic in the northern portion of the Tropics.

“Apart from the fact that the supposition of an ancient continent in those latitudes, the vestiges of which may be found in the volcanic islands and mountainous surface of the Azores, the Canaries and Cape Verd, is not devoid of geographical probability, the Greeks, who, moreover, never dared to pass beyond the pillars of Hercules, on account of their dread of the mysterious ocean, appeared too late in antiquity for the stories preserved by Plato to be anything else than an echo of the Indian legend. Moreover, when we cast a look on a planisphere, at the sight of the islands and islets strewn from the Malayan Archipelago to Polynesia, from the straits of Sund to Easter Island, it is impossible, upon the hypothesis of continents preceding those which we inhabit, not to place there the most important of all.

“A religious belief, common to Malacca and Polynesia, that is to say to the two opposite extremes of the Oceanic world, affirms ‘that all these islands once formed two immense countries, inhabited by yellow men and black men, always at war; and that the gods, wearied with their quarrels, having charged Ocean to pacify them, the latter swallowed up the two continents, and since, it had been impossible to make him give up his captives. Alone, the mountain-peaks and high plateaux escaped the flood, by the power of the gods, who perceived too late the mistake they had committed.’

“Whatever there may be in these traditions, and whatever may have been the place where a civilization more ancient than that of Rome, of Greece, of Egypt, and of India was developed, it is certain that this civilization did exist, and that it is highly important for science to recover its traces, however feeble and fugitive they may be” (pp. 13-15).

This last tradition, translated by Louis Jacolliot from the Sanscrit manuscripts, corroborates the one we have given from the “Records of the Secret Doctrine.” The war mentioned between the yellow and the black men, relates to a struggle between the “sons of God” and the “sons of giants,” or the inhabitants and magicians of the Atlantis.

The final conclusion of M. Jacolliot, who visited personally all the islands of Polynesia, and devoted years to the study of the religion, language, and traditions of nearly all the peoples, is as follows:

“As to the Polynesian continent which disappeared at the time of the final geological cataclysms, its existence rests on such proofs that to be logical we can doubt no longer.

“The three summits of this continent, Sandwich Islands, New Zealand, Easter Island, are distant from each other from fifteen to eighteen hundred leagues, and the groups of intermediate islands, Viti, Samoa, Tonga, Foutouna, Ouvea, Marquesas, Tahiti, Poumouton, Gambiers, are themselves distant from these extreme points from seven or eight hundred to one thousand leagues.

“All navigators agree in saying that the extreme and the central groups could never have communicated in view of their actual geographical position, and with the insufficient means they had at hand. It is physically impossible to cross such distances in a pirogue ... without a compass, and travel months without provisions.

“On the other hand, the aborigines of the Sandwich Islands, of Viti, of New Zealand, of the central groups, of Samoa, Tahiti, etc., _had never known each other, had never heard of each other_ before the arrival of the Europeans. _And yet, each of these people maintained that their island had at one time formed a part of an immense stretch of land which extended toward the West, on the side of Asia._ And all, brought together, were found to speak the same language, to have the same usages, the same customs, the same religious belief. And all to the question, ‘Where is the cradle of your race?’ for sole response, _extended their hand toward the setting sun_” (Ibid., p. 308).

[887] These “magic mirrors,” generally black, are another proof of the universality of an identical belief. In India these mirrors are prepared in the province of Agra and are also fabricated in Thibet and China. And we find them in Ancient Egypt, from whence, according to the native historian quoted by Brasseur de Bourbourg, the ancestors of the Quichès brought them to Mexico; the Peruvian sun-worshippers also used it. When the Spaniards had landed, says the historian, the King of the Quichès, ordered his priests to consult the mirror, in order to learn the fate of his kingdom. “The _demon_ reflected the present and the future as in a mirror,” he adds (De Bourbourg: “Mexique,” p. 184).

[888] Pay’quina, or _Payaquina_, so called because its waves used to drift particles of gold from the Brazil. We found a few specks of genuine metal in a handful of sand that we brought back to Europe.

[889] The regions somewhere about _Udyana_ and _Kashmere_, as the translator and editor of Marco Polo (Colonel Yule), believes. Vol. i., p. 173.

[890] “Voyage des Pèlerins Bouddhistes,” vol. 1.; “Histoire de la Vie de Hiouen-Thsang,” etc., traduit du Chinois en français, par Stanislas Julien.

[891] Lao-tsi, the Chinese philosopher.

[892] “The Book of Ser Marco Polo,” vol. i., p. 318. See also, in this connection, the experiments of Mr. Crookes, described in