chapter iii

., p. 67, of _Ancient Rome_

[122] _De titulis in quibus impensæ monumentorum sepulcralium indicatæ sunt._

[123] See Luigi Grifi: _Sopra la iscrizione antica dell' auriga Scirto_, in the _Accademia archeologica_, 1854, v. xiii.

[124] See the _Corpus inscriptionum latinarum_, vol. vi., part 2, nos. 4327-5886.

[125] See Walch: _Ad Gorii Xenia_, p. 98.--Orelli-Henzen: vol. 2, no. 4789, etc.

[126] _Monumenti inediti dell' Instituto di correspondenza archeologica_, Supplemento, 1891.

[127] _Titus_, 4.

[128] See:--Pietro Sante Bartoli: _Gli antichi sepolcri_. Roma: de Rossi, 1727.--_Corpus inscriptionum latinarum_, vol. vi., part ii., pp. 1073, 1076.--_Villa Pamphylia, ejusque palatium cum suis prospectibus: statuæ, fontes, vivaria_. Romae: fol. max.--Ignazio Ciampi: _Innocenzo X Pamfili e la sua corte_. Roma: Galeati, 1878.

[129] See:--Otto Jahn: _Die Wandgemälde des Columbariums in der Villa Pamfili_, in the _Abhandlungen der bayerischen Akademie_, 1857.--Eugen Petersen: _Sitzungsberichte des Archäologischen Instituts_, Römische Abtheilung, March 18, 1892.

[130] A discovery of the same kind has come within my experience. In 1885, while excavating near the city walls, between the Porta S. Lorenzo and the Porta Maggiore, we found an amphora of great size, containing the corpse of a little child embedded in lime. He had probably died of a contagious disease. The corpse had been reduced to a handful of tiny bones; and the impression of them was so spoiled by dampness and age that it was found impossible to cast the form of the infant.

[131] _Digest_, ix., 2, 5, § 3.

[132] See:--_Notizie degli Scavi_, 1884, p. 393.--Henzen: _Bullettino dell' Instituto_, 1885, p. 9.--Stevenson: _idem_, 1885, p. 22.--Geffroy: _Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome_, 1885, p. 318, pl. vii-xiii.

[133] See C. Ludovico Visconti: _Il sepolcro del fanciullo Quinto Sulpicio Massimo._ Roma, 1871.--Wilhelm Henzen: _Sepolcri antichi rinvenuti alla porta salaria_, in the _Bullettino dell' Instituto_, 1871, p. 98.--Luigi Ciofi: _Inscriptiones latinæ et græcæ, cum carmine græco extemporali Quinti Sulpicii Maximi_. Roma, 1871.--J. Henry Parker: _Tombs in and near Rome_. Oxford, 1877. (Plate X.)

[134] On the subject of this competition see:--Suetonius: _Domitian_, 4.--Stefano Morcelli: _Sull' Agone Capitolino_. Dissertazione postuma. Milano, 1816.--Joachim Marquardt: _Handbuch der römischen Alterthümer_, iv., 453.

[135] See Cesare Lucchesini: _Esame della questione se i latini avessero veri poeti improvvisatori_. Lucca, 1828.

[136] The bibliography on Herodes Atticus and his villa at the second milestone of the Appian Way is so rich that I can mention but a few of the leading works, besides Visconti's.--Claude Saumaise: _Mémoires sur la vie d'Herodes Atticus_, in _Académie des inscriptions et belles lettres_, xxx. p. 25; _Corpus inscriptionum græcarum_: vol. iii. no. 6280, p. 924.--Wilhelm Dittenberger: _Die Familie des Herodes Atticus_.--Richard Burgess: _Description of the Circus on the Via Appia_. Italian translation, p. 89. Rome, 1829.--Ludovico Bianconi: _Descrizione dei circhi e particolarmente di quello di Caracalla_. Roma, 1786.--Antonio Nibby: _Del circo volgarmente detto di Caracalla_. Roma, 1825.

[137] When Maxentius repaired the Appian Way in 309, one of these commemorative columns was converted into a milestone, the seventh from the Porta Capena. The column was removed in the Middle Ages to the Church of S. Eusebio on the Esquiline, where it was seen and purchased, at the beginning of the last century, by cardinal Alessandro Albani. It now belongs to the Capitoline Museum.

[138] _I comentari di Frontino intorno le acque e gli acquedotti_: Opera premiata dalla r. Accademia dei Lincei col premio reale di lire 10,000. Roma, Salviucci, 1880.

[139] Among the modern writers on the subject are:--Christian Hülsen: _Die Auffindung der römischen Leiche vom Jahre_ 1485, in the _Mittheilungen des Instituts für österreichische Geschichtforschung_, Band iv., Heft 3.--J. Addington Symonds: _History of the Renaissance_, i. 23.--Giovanni Antonio Riccy: _Dell' antico pago Lemonio_. Roma, 1802 (p. 109).--Gregorovius: _Geschichte der Stadt Rom im Mittelalter_, vii., 3, p. 571.--_Corpus inscriptionum latinarum_, vol. vi., no. 20,634.

Contemporary documents:--Stefano Infessura: _Diario_, edited by Tommasini. Rome, 1890.--Notarius a Nantiportu: in _Cod. Vatic._, 6,823, f. 250.--Raffaele Maffei da Volterra (Volterranus, born 1451, died 1522): _Commentarii rerum Urbanarum_, column 954 of the Lyons edition, 1552.--Bartolomeo Fonte (Humanist, born 1445, died 1513): letter to Francesco Sassetto, published by Janitschek: _Gesells. der Rénaissance_, p. 120.--Letter from Laur Pehem, dated April 15, 1475, in the _Cod. Munich_, 716 (among the papers collected by Hartman Schedel).--Copy of a letter from messer Daniele da San Sebastiano to Giacomo di Maphei, citizen of Verona, in the _Cod. Marciano_ (Venice), xiv. 267.--Alexander ab Alexandro (born at Naples, 1461, died in Rome, 1523): _Genialium Dierum_, iii. 2.--Fragment of the diary of Antonio di Vaseli (1481-1486), in the _Archives of the Vatican_, Armar. XV. fasc. 41.--Fragment of the diary of Corona (first entry Jan. 30, 1481; last July 25, 1492) in the possession of H. D. Grissel, Esq.--Anonym ap. Mountfaucon, _Diarium Italicum_, xi. 157.

[140] Sponges are most frequently found in the _cistæ_ at Palestrina, which were nothing else but toilet-boxes. I have had the opportunity of examining the contents of twelve of them, lately discovered. These include sponges, combs of various kinds and shapes, hairpins, wooden boxes with movable lids, still full of excellent powders, cosmetics, and ointments, and other articles of the _mundus muliebris_.

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